IMAGE EVALUATION
TEST TARGET (MT-3)
^''^4t^
1.0
1.1
" m 12.2
u
Ul
IIIL25 III U 1^
<
6"
»
Fhoiographic
Sdenoes
Corporalion
23 WIST MAIN STRUT
WIBSTiR,N.Y. 145M
(716)t73-4S03
:^
CIHM/ICMH
Microfiche
Series.
CIHIVi/iCIVIH
Collection de
mi
Canadian Instituta for Historical IMicroraproductions / Inttitut Canadian da microraproductions historiquaa
Taehnieal and Bibliographic Notaa/Notaa tachniquas at bibliographiquaa
Tha Instituta has attamptad to obtain tha bast
original copy availabia for filming. Faaturas of this
copy which may ba bibliographically uniqua,
which may altar any of tha imagas in tha
raproduction. or which may significantly changa
tha usual mathod of filming, ara chackad balow.
□ Colourad covara/
Couvartura da coulaur
|~~| Covars damagad/
D
Couvartura andommagia
Covars rastorad and/or laminatad/
Couvartura rastaurte at/ou palliculAa
r~~| Cover titia missing/
La titra da couvartura manqua
r^K Colourad maps/
Ll_l Cartas gAographiquas an coulaur
D
Colourad ink (i.a. othar than blua or blsek)/
Encra da coulaur (i.a. autra qua blaua ou noira)
r~|/Colourad platas and/or illustrations/
IJ*S Planchas at/ou illustrations 91% coulaur
D
D
D
Bound with othar matarial/
RaM avac d'autras documants
Tight binding may causa shadows or distortion
along intarior margin/
La tB liura sarrAa paut causar da I'ombra ou da bi
distortion la long da la marga intAriaura
Blank laavas addad during rastoratlon may
appaar within tha taxt. Whanavar possibla. thasa
hava baan omittad from filming/
II sa paut qua cartainaa pagas blanchas ajouttas
lors d'una rastauration apparaissant dans la taxta,
mais, lorsqua cala itait possibla. cas pagas n'ont
pas At* filmias.
L'Institut a microfilm* la maillaur axamplaira
qu'il lui a M possibla de sa prccurar. Las details
da cat axamplaira qui sont paut-Atra uniquas du
point da vua bibliographiquo. qui pauvant modif iar
una imaga raproduita. ou qui pauvant axigar una
modification dans la mtthoda normala da filmaga
sont indiquis ci-dassous.
Tha
toti
r~~| Colourad pagas/
Pagaa da coulaur
Pagaa damagad/
Pagas andommagtes
Pagas rastorad and/01
Pagas rastaurias at/ou palliculAas
I — I Pagaa damagad/
I — I Pagas rastorad and/or laminatad/
r~}^Pagaa discoloured, stainad or foxad/
Li—l Pagas dicolortes, tachatias ou piquAes
r^k^Pagaa datachad/
I I Pagas dAtachias
FT^howthrough/
I — I Transparanca
□ Quality of print varies/
Quality inAgala de I'impression
□ Includes supplementary material/
Comprand du matAriai suppl4men%a're
□ Only edition available/
Seule Mition disponible
Tha
poa
oft
film
Ori(
bag
tha
slor
oth(
firat
sior
oril
The
aha
TIN
whi
Mai
diff
anti
bag
rigl
raq
mai
D
Pagas wholly or partially obscured by errata
slips, tissues, etc.. have been refilmed to
ensure the best possibla image/
Les pages totalemont ou partiellement
obscurcies par un feuillet d'errata, una pelure,
etc., ont M fiimies i nouveau de fapon A
obtenir la meilleure image possible.
r^ Additional comments:/
l_J Commentairas supplAmantairas:
Irregular paaination : (21 [i] - cxcii, [1] - 208, 193-208. 209-478. 466-478, [1] - 75 p.
This item Is filmed at tha reduction ratio checked below/
Ce document est film* au taux de rMuction indiqu* ci-deasous.
10X
14X
itx
22X
26X
30X
>/
r
12X
16X
20X
24X
28X
32X
m
Th* copy filmMl h«r« hat b««n r«produc«d thanks
to th« gonorotity of:
National Library of Canada
L'axamplaira film* fut raproduit grtca A ia
g^nirositA da:
BibiiotMqua nationaia du Canada
Tha imagas appaaring hara ara tha boat quality
posalbia cohsidaring tha condition and iaglblllty
of tha original copy and in kaaping with tha
filming contract spacificationt.
Original coplas in printad papar covars ara fllmad
baginning with tha front covar and anding on
tha last paga with a printad or iiluatratad Imprat-
slon. or tha back covar whan approprlata. All
othar oricinal copias ara fllmad baginning on tha
first paga whh a printad or Iiluatratad impraa-
alon. and anding on tha laat paga with a printad
or iiluatratad impraaalon.
Tha last racordad frama on aach microfiche
ahail contain tha aymboi —^(meaning "CON-
TINUED"), or tha aymboi ▼ (maarJng "END"),
whichavar appiiaa.
IMaps, platas, charts, etc.. may be fllmad at
diffarant reduction ratios. Those too large to be
entirely included in one exposure are filmed
beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to
right and top to bottom, aa many frames as
required. The following diagrams illustrate the
method:
Lee imagea suivantes ont Ati reproduites avac la
plus grand soin. compta tenu de ie condition et
de la nattet* de I'exemplaire filmA. et en
conformity avac las conditions du contrat de
filmage.
Lea axemplairaa originaux dont la couverture en
pepler eat ImprimAe sent filmfo en commen9ant
par Ie premier plat et en terminant soit par la
darnlAre page qui comporte une emprelnte
d'impression ou d'iliustration. soit par ie second
plat, salon ie cas. Tous lea autres exemplalres
originaux aont fiimte en commenpent par la
pramlAre pege qui comporte une emprelnte
d'impreasion ou d'iliustration et en terminant par
la dernlAre paga qui comporte une telle
emprelnte.
Un dee symboles suivants apparattra sur ia
darniire image de cheque microfiche, seion Ie
cas: Ie symbols -^ signifie "A SUiVRE", ie
symbols ▼ signifie "FIN".
Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent Atre
filmfo A des taux de rAduction diff Arents.
Lorsque Ie document est trop grand pour Atre
reprodult en un seui clichA, 11 est fiimA A partir
de i'angle supArieur gauche, de gauche A droite,
et de haut en bas, en prenant ie nombre
d'imeges nAcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants
iiiustrent la mAthode.
1
2
3
4
5
6
/; u
t
NB KOSTRA, ISTA QDIB INVBNIMU8, DIZEBI8:
IN8ITA SUNT NOBIS OMNIUM AETlnil 8BMINA,
MAOlaTEBQOB BX OOCnLTO DB08 PKODDOIT INOBNIA.
HOMANI OBNBRI8 PHOOBBSSnS,
EX COMM0NI OMNIUM LABOBB 0BTD3,
DNlOaCUJUSQUE INDUSTRIE DEBET ESSE PIN13 :
EOO ADJUVANDO,
DEI jPT : MAX I VOLUNTATEM EXSEQUIMUK.
tONDON: PRINIED BX WILLIAM CLOWES AND SU>:y,
PHINTIRS TO THK HOYAL COUMISBIOH*
UIAlllOBD aXKEET Al^S (JHABIMO CBOS3.
iW4
I ■':
t-,
mm^
. )
V"
i I
i
■'■'\
^fK/wmaafi
W\U.VAWH«.
J.lyv^ni■'■^|j|^^'jWg^'.^T^i»!^•g
II
y
1
w
1
(§xn\ ex^mm of tjie Wmh nf Stiimrinj of oil 3^0tinn0,
1851.
OFFICIAL
DESCRIPTIVE AND ILLUSTRATED
CATALOGUE.
3Jij Mlioritti
aftjie
I8.ntjflt
CntntniBBion.
n
i
1
JiV r^iJi^JS: VOLUMES.
VOL. I.
INDEX AND INTRODUCTORY.
Section I.— RAW MATERIALS, Classrs 1 to 4.
. Section II.— MACHINERY, Classes 5 to 10.
LONDON:
SPICER BROTHERS, WHOLESALE STATIONERS; W. CLOWES AND SONS, PRINTERS;
OONTBACTORS TO THE HOTAL COMMISSION,
29 NEW BRIDGE STREET, BLACKFBIARS, AND AT THE EXHIBITION BUILDING.
M DCCO LI.
T"
BSf^smmmmmfsmmmmmmmim
Wo
•#f'
■ 1
/■
;
>i
h
T^: ~"
/
L.J..... .-
9
•-*
^'\
( 1
•^ "
I
I
. "*^
.V
!■:
SHEWINC AT ONE VI
1:1
AH
ri« Sim* V hVn^amtM^yC^dm^iH H'mmdn bwa
ori t* t]
Vi\.
A
SHEWING AT ONE VIEW THE RELATIVE « TERRITORIAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE VARIOUS LOCALITIES FROM WHENCE THE RAW MATERIALS OIANUFAI
Connnlcd and drawn hy AlTGl'STrS PBTBRMAX N. F.R.G.S. . IIonoiT .V CorreHpif M.iiil.or of ■»«• t'outrr^ Sj
4 A S T K H
SHEWINC AT ONE VIEW THtRCLAT»VC« TERRITORIAL Dl
,\ n T E.
K.rhihitiifn t4ithrprff\ . i . e . ^ pTtvi0tL-tiy isfi -
'•nit -'..aM , J A r AN .
I
BIjB
SHOWING BY SHADING
the various roiiii'ti-ies <V: locnlilifii
whirh liave <'uMtriliiitMl fn thr
EX HIBITION.
r
£nciLiii!€€®Lo^ii:;s, yp3JTi:iD status ^o
M
Thr
l'l„r.
%
TERRITORIAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE VARIOUS LOCALITIES FROM WHENCE THE RAW MATERIALS OIANUFAI
Cutm>ilcd Mini drawn ).y A IT (; I' S T I' S P K T B R M A X N. F. R.G.S.. Uonoi? A ('orrfH|)? M.'ihImt of ■"• ^'''"ffl Hj
iDI NC
lociilitieH
Xhr
t)N.
orrnnhno fo t^tr nun\liet of' titttr in/nthtfatit.f thus.
If Hof** with ttfmttvthtitt' liMKlMHI tnhtihilnnU
p . Mtm lO.OOO tnhtfhitanU
<7 frw fi^ftrf'Tumi fviyt/tftr.t not rtitupri-vrfi witJitH
<i#t| «/' /Ar otk*r *^**'*tvn9 arr tf»vrn i« ihi*-Mup .
■«-
::£.
••^
^l.tlHUOH
^
•UMM^^M^ «tf
■•«
i^O .
Z
THE
Thf snrnt/ •Sttttfln-t of' thi.t*Mttft amtaht fhf utttttr.r ot'thr
i*i*ifr-t nhirh futvf fontrthitf^i fo Iht f'^.rJnfnfmif '.ff itfln-r
/t4i»n r fhiUtt tinnffttt
cd.
A
Am
'\
V,
/
^
,:%
^:
^ A S T K «
PI,,,
nt,n
Th
lln,
Th
,1a r
Th
wtttti
In
■■W.
JCa^cawl aa Suw Iw A.Hwnnaas.^.riai^. »(>ll Ca^D bwm
^1
N-^^.^
-1--
' -i 1
Hr
..'*'
r
J^''"*'
^•^
tf
cfEf
UMmHIII!nABAI>
\vNl
t'AW-UTTA
V\l 1
HU-u>p—r i
SW^
IkuMM^k \
'"^'^^
1""
yWlLjIM'
1
1
1
•flW-'-*
1
1
i
i
-■ ?!
i
ON
I) 1 K M K N 8
I4?.
/^/^^i^^
?TIT N I Si/-*
Tbr wvtnit '*irefi**tt^ itl'thn.Mfift ftinttiiH fh* luimr^ o/'tht
Flitrr^ whirh liitvr rontnhiiUii lo thi Kjththitiitn .itll othrr \
nanif't hrittif ontttlvtt . 1
The rtiiimi^ k'i»tl4 iif tUaniiiarUtr** ■tiiftftli'ul hv tetje4t 1
tinff art M,ttinffi4t-th*tf fiv M^gn* (♦).
ami, intcrihed trilh hol)l /fllfr.t, fAiit. ■ OOTyOtt ..trran- j
tiary dutrirtt heinff Ittt pmtutiml{y n/out-ni 'A««.(___ ,' CIWH. j
Thtntune^ of Plac<f4 fnrMtini/ tttr ifttm* rettlrr* iil' tltr Jthi j
rtu fnrfttrea tiff ^tmtertitinl . thit.i hmlji ,
imporlunf HMfiitus flfimtiirttl ffiinhtfU iirv mtheotrii tfv \
*la$W4l l*Hfrt.thiis: IKON. 1 |
KAU' MAT Kit I A I. 8.
* .iniiiiiil iiml VffftKthlt Prmliiftf
MANUrACTl'UKS.
' Mnrhitltry iiiitl Irijrtriiniiiilt.
f f'olluil
,f tn>4,i : .
t Lhifn . _.,
" ink !_
''' Li'itlhrr
* ^.'fiif'^i' ^""' Ifiii^l iriit'f
A HntAvLt
1 ylriirlr Irii iiniliaiini)iiithnl
W *lf^ kirni^ ol'ntt<ntiliicliirr.x
' III llifltriliili lali-i iiiilv J
1 Ihpfttry.Lrue tc
w!:''*v
f::!J^u
■sSiC^
'i^y^-f'
Ji
J
•«■,.<
MyicW nrmyl-t^
.MOO W". aiut itai op.vironj.
*"■*«. ♦ • ■ V V-xii""' 1) .' (j ,^ >-^ -I 111 I
.i^. lk«**T •
I.dXI) ON , t'iil>llAli<-<l hv SI'irKK ItHOTHKUS, WhuU-snlc Siaiiunrr*. W.ri.UWICS /k S 0.\ S , JViniri 9 . ('i.nti .., x.ro i.> i|i> JU>r/<l
(^OFFICIAL DESCRIPTIVE and ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE.;
"— f'jP'"! J "
fe
Vv^-WJiv
Enlarged Section "( Hie
GREAT MANUFACTURING DISTRICTS'
nr
K II C L A N D.
^j
\ lAJ
_ I ^
# A# th^iitii part -■>... ^i rt^trr4tnt4
H*i4mt
J
f
^
^
'""••j-I"^"^"^
It' '~ "
""- r- ""^ .] * .'■'■•■'-"- V '*"" ^ ^*<*
.. ^ r I'-'* . *■ ■■•■ ,,
|!> iVlHlrri ('iiiilr.ii'lori i< i||t ll4;V*i < ouiiiiii^ioii
ALOGUE. '
'.r- 1
vs.
'Vs^^
-rt^
/
iTi ^WTX^ ^k/^ •- ^-^ V* -X-
Vi.^;%<ir^S%»l^^ .— <^/ f^- /^
rtftrttfntt
mmft
/^
--•«-
^'
JV'.. „
vr .^.
Miaad&a**
Perhaps no statement connected with the appearance of this work is calculated
to create more surprise than that the greater portion of it was actually in type
prior to the first of May. Its condition at that period may he thus described.
The manuscript accounts of the articles of a large number of the Exhibitors
had been compiled, set up in type, and subsequently condensed, annotated'
and revised, and required but a little more attention to fit them for publication.
In addition, a large proportion of the illustrations were completed and fit
for printing. But at that moment, what was the condition of the Exhi-
bition Building itself ? Only on the morning of the first of May were tickets
affixed to a few articles in a few Classes, and the position of many Exhibitors,
even on the British side, was not finally determined. This arose out of the
efforts made to obtain a strictly classified arrangement of articles on this side.
Many articles placed in the hurry of preparation in the space allotted to one
Class were improperly thus placed, and required to be removed to other Classes,
and a large number of explanations were found to have been received from
Exhibitors who had ultimately not been able to send in their goods in time.
Whilst many Classes were arranged rapidly, others remained, owing to peculiar
difficulties, in a state of great incompletion, and incessant alterations of the
numbers and position of the Exhibitors were necessary before they could be con-
sidered perfect. During this time, which is to be reckoned by weeks rather than
days, the number of additional manuscripts received from Exhibitors, who had
neglected sending them in until long after the opening of the Exhibition, was
immenbe, and the adjustment of the additional matter thus created was in itself
a difficulty not to be easily subdued.
VI
PREFACE.
\1
While an amount of order — surprising in its extent, though imperfect in the
degree requisite for the publication of a work so costly in its preparation ai the
present — ^reigned on the British side of the Building, the state of that devoted
to other nations could scarcely be entitled to that term until a month subsequent
to the day of opening. Many foreign states had not sent in their catalogues,
and the arrangement of their productions was very imperfect.
The peculiar nature of the Catalogue, also, as a work produced by many
thousand authors, naturally brought upon it, through the medium of the small
Catalogue, the corrections of a large number of those whose manuscripts formed
its foundation, in addition to those rendered necessary, in order to obtain some
degree of uniformity in the literary composition.
The combination of the elements of disorder thus presented has never before
arisen to oppose the publication of any work in this or other times ; and its eflfect
upon its preparation is only to be estimated by those who have watched its
progress, and are familiar with the complicated arrangements necessarily preceding
the production of any printed book containing illustrations. The great extent of
the Catalogue rendered the disturbance of any of its parts absolutely fatal to its
publication in a reasonable time, and even in a moderate condition of accuracy.
In the midst of all these adverse circumstances an attempt was made to publish
it as speedily as possible after the opening of the Exhibition ; but this attempt
was rendered fruitless in consequence of the ceaseless accessions of additional
matter, and of the alterations of position in that already set up.
Under these circumstances the Contractors, anxious to produce so extensive
a work .n as perfect a condition as possible, resolved, at considerable loss to them-
selves, to delay its appearance until every alteration of importance had been
made in the arrangement of the T^uilding and by Exhibitors themselvea In this
state it is now published, and is intended to serve as a lasting memorial of the
splendid collection of which it professes to be the exponent. When its magnitude
is considered, and due regard had to the great difficulties inseparable from the
production of an illustrated book of this kind, it must be acknowledged that the
period occupied in its publication has been comparatively brief and its prepa-
ration rapid.
The due appearance of the smaller Catalogue, on the first of 'Fiy, — in
itself, perhaps, one of the most remarkable instances of rapid typographical exe-
cution ever accomplished, — is also an indication of the substantive pre-existence of
the present work before tiiat date, since the smaller Catalogue is only a very
condensed summary of the present, and was derived from the material forming
PKEFACE.
vu
leifect in the
ration sa the
that devoted
h subseqaent
T catalogues,
;ed by many
of the small
iripts formed
obtain some
never before
and its effect
watched its
ily preceding
•eat extent of
y fatal to its
of accuracy,
le to publish
this attempt
)f additional
so extensive
loss to them-
se had been
vea In this
(lorial of the
iS magnitude
)le from the
ged that the
d its prepa-
jf ¥T.y, — ^in
rapliical exe-
-existence of
only a very
rial forming
the illustrated edition. The difficulties attending the publication, even of that
work, may be gathered from the fact, that only three days before it appeared
was the order of succession and temporary arrangement of the Exhibitors in the
BuiMing determined on ; and in that short interval, and before its publication,
their arrangement in the Catalogue had much of it to be made.
For an account of the method adopted in the preparation of this Catalogue
reference dhould be made to another page. It is, however, due to those whosa
valued assistance has added so much to the permanent interest wHch will
attach to this work to state, that there are several portions which could not, by
pressure of time, be submitted to the benefit of their revision, and for such, and
the general scientific accuracy of the work, the subscriber to this notice must be
considered alone accountable. That the following pages are to be considered
free from technical and scientific inaccuracies could scarcely be expected; but
much care and labour have been expended to give them, as far as possible, this
character.
The consideration just named may also render expedient, if not necessary,
a simple statement of the part fulfilled by the writer in connection with this
work. The production of the general plan of the book, its development, after
sanction by the Executive Committee, and literary constiuction out of the crude
material obtained after compilation from the manuscripts of Exhibitors — ^this
material resulting from the official instructions given for the compilation of the
Catalogue, and the term compilation including, in this case, merely the rough
preparation of Exhibitors' manuscripts for setting up in type, the resulting matter
bemg consequently in a very imperfect state — ^with the general literary and scien-
tific superintendence and management of the work — these have formed the
occupation of the writer in connection with it, and for these he may be held
responsible. As the result of the combined labours of the scientific wnnotators
and of the writer, and after having i ceived official sanction and revision on the
part of the Executive by the officer appointed, this Catalogue is now put forth.
The constant effort of the writer has been to prepare a work of permanent value
and enduring interest. May it be shown in the issue that the labour bestowed
upon it has not been in vain.
At the jjeriod when this work makes its appearance in a complete state, the
Exhibition is about to close. The first function of a Descriptive Catalogue can
therefore scaicely be fulfilled ere the great spectacle it illustrates will pass away.
To those wonders of Art and Industry which man, tsiuglit by (Jod, has been by
Him enabled to ticcomplish, it will pruvr ii {Tuide but for a brief period. But its
more permanently vahiable offices then commence; and it may be reasonably
!
VIU
PREFACR
hoped that, as a record of the most varied and wonderful collection of objects ever
beheld, and as a book of reference to the philosopher, merchant, and manufac-
turer, it will constantly prove both interesting and instructive to the reader.
It is probable that, with the return of the Exhibitors and of the articles to
the numerous localities abroad whence they were, derived, copies of this Catalogue
will be sent, and taken also, and that these pages will be read in many lands
long after the Exhibition shall have become matter of history. May they be
found, on examination, to contain nothing which is not in harmony with the
spirit of the motto on the title-page ; and, while descriptive of the successful
labours of man, may it not have been forgotten that the glory and praise are due
to Qod alone.
RouKRT Ellis,
(
Cfidaea, IS.^l.
abjects ever
i monufac-
)ader.
articles to
I Catalogue
nany lands
%y they be
Y with the
I successful
ise are due
Ellis,
GENERAL CONTENTS.
Mwm tin /irat.
Lint of niuitrstloM xi
List of Local Committees (and Secretaries) of the United Kingdom which returned Ex-
hibitors and Subscriptions to the Oeneral Fund xziv
Table for facilitating reference from the Indexes to the Catalogue . . • xxvii
Alphabetical and Classified Index of Articles Exhibited xxxiil
Index of Elxhibitors and others, whose Names appear in the Catalogue oxtIU
Historical Introduction, illustrating the Rise of the Exhibition, its Progress and Completion 1
Directory 30
List of Jurors 44
Construction of the Exhibition Building, with the Mechanical Applications employed . . 49
Scientific Revision and Preparation of the Catalogue 83
Annotators of the Catalogue 88
Classification of Subjects in the Thirty Classes into which the Exhibition ia divided ... 80
UNITED KINGDOM.— Classes 1 to 10.
Articles exhibited by Her M^esty (he Queen, His
Royal Highness Prince Albert, and His Royal
Highness the Prince of Wa* .. in the Four
Sections of the Exhibition
Pige
111
SfXT. I. — Raw Materials: — CiiAsses 1 to 4.
Objects outside the Building 113
1. Mining and Mineral Products • . . . . 119
2. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Products . . 184
3. Substances used as Food 200
4. Vegetable and Animal Substances used in
Manufactures. • 194*
Pave
Sect. II. — Macbinert:— Classes 5 to 10.
5. Machines for direct use, including Carriages,
Railway and Marino Mechanism . . . 209
6. Manufacturing Machines and Tools . • . 262
7. Civil Engineering, Architecture, and Building
Contrivances 308
8. Naval Architecture, Military Engineering,
Guns, Weapons, &o 333
9. Agricultural and Horticultural Machines and
Implements 364
10. Philosophical, Musical, Horological, and
Surgical Instruments ■ 404
Mmt tire toni.
UNITED KINGDOM.— Classes 11 to 30.
Pige
Sect. III.— MANOFAcruBEs:— Classes 11 to 29.
11. Cotton 479
12 & 15. Woollen and Worsted 485
13. Silk and Velvet 503
14. Flax and Hemp 509
16. Leather, Saddlery and Harness, Boots and
Shoes, Skins, Pur, and Hair .... 517
17. Paper, Printing, and Bookbinding ... 537
18. Woven, Felted, and Laid Fabrics, Dyed and
Printed (including Designs) 553
19. Tapestry, Carpets, Floor-Cloths, Lace and
Embroidery , 559
20. Articles of Clothing for immediate personal
or domestic use 575
21. Cutlery, Edge and Hand Tools .... 591
22. General Hardware, including Locks and Orates 595
23. Works in Predoug Metals, Jewellery, &c. . 671
Page
24. Glass 697
25. China, Porcelain, Earthenware, &c. . . . 709
26. Furniture, Upholstery, Paper Hangings,
Decorative Ceilings, Papier Mache', and
Japanned Goods 729
27. Mani^actures in Mineral Substances, for
Building or Decorations 763
28. Manufactures from Animal and Vegetable
Substances, not being Wov«n or Felted . 777
29. Miscellaneous Manufactures oud Small Wares 789
Sect. IV.— Fine Art8:~Clabs 30.
30. Sculpture, Models, and Plastic Art, Mosaics,
Enamels, &c • 819
Miscellaneous objects of interest placed in the
Main Avenue of the Building, not classified . 817
b
OKNRRAt. CONTKNTn.
BRITISH COLONIES AND DEPENDENCIES.
BsiTttB POMIMIOMI IK AllA : — j
East IndiM 857
Ceylon 937
Bbituh PoiSBiifioNi IN Ecropb: —
Channel Itlanda 01)9
MaltA 043
Gihniltar 947
Ionian Iilauda 947
BHITltiH POHEMIONS IN ArRICAt—
South Africa 940
Western Africa 053
Qold Coast and Ashantee 055
St. Helena 055
Mauritius 05U
Bbitisu Possmsioki in America:—
Canada , 057
New Brunswick 000
Nova Scotia 070
Newfoundland 071
I'M*
Umtiir Pombmions in AMnicA \—eonlitttttd,
Bennudos 07t
Jamaica 1)71
Barbodoes 071
Trinidad 973
Antigua 075
St. Vincent 075
Bahamas 075
Qrenoda 076
Montserrat 07(1
St. Kitf 070
British Oniana 070
Falkland Islands 0B7
British PossEasioNS in Australasia:—
Eastern Archipelago OSA
New South Wales OHH
South Australia 00 1
Von Diemen's Land 01) j
New Zealand tum)
FOREIGN STATES.
Austria
States of the Qerman ZoUverein: —
Prussia, Baden, and other States of Northern
Oermany
a. Prussia
b. Qiand Ducby of Baden, Southern parts
of the West Proyinces of Prussia and
Electoral Hesse
0. Prussia and Lithuania
d. Prussia, Electoral Hesse, Lippe . . .
e. Prussia, Saxon Orand Duchy and Duchies,
Brunswick, Anhalt, and Thuringian
Principalities
Bavaria
Saxony
Wurtemburg * . t . .
Frankfort-on-the-Maine
Hesse-Darmstadt
Luxemburg
Nassau
North Germany : —
Hanover
Hecklenbnrg-Strelitz
Meoklenburg-Sohwerin
Nurembuig
Oldenburg ,
Hanso Towns :—
Hamburg
LUbeck
Faie
1005
1047
1047
1008
1075
1075
1087
1098
1104
1114
1121
1125
1130
1131
1133
1134
1134
1135
1135
1136
1140
The Netherlands .
Belgium . . .
France ....
Algiers ....
Switzerland . .
Papal States . .
Tuscany . . ,
Sardinia . . .
Portugal . .
Madeira . . .
Spain ....
Sweden and Norway
Denmark . . .
Ruaoia ....
1142
1150
1168
1259
1264
1285
1260
1302
1306
1310
1320
1348
vin
Turkey . . .
Greece . . .
Egypt . . .
Tunis . . .
China . .
Persia . . .
Society Islands
St. Domingo .
Brazil . . .
Bolivia . . .
Chili . . .
New Granada .
Mexico . . ,
United States .
1361
J 385
1400
1408
1412
1418
1426
1428
1428
1429
1429
1429
1430
1430
1491
[ xi 3
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
Engraved Title-page, drawn by J. TcNNiEt, R.A., engraved by Mr. Jacsmm.
Oeographioal View of the Oreat Exhibition of 1831, ahowing at one view the relative and territorial
distribution of the variorj luoallties from whence the raw materials and manufaoturea contributed to
the Exhibition have been severally supplied. By AvousTUs 1'etkriiann, F.R.O.S.
Thirty-one Engravings illustrative of the Clonatruction of the Building.
View of the Interior of the Building from the South Entrance -------- pagt 67
View of the Exterior of the Building from the North-west Angle- ------- 67
Coloured Lithographic Plan of the Building ------------ 111
Dewrlption of Iltuitntioiu.
Nam* of Eshlbitor.
CiMI.
No.
vh*-
HerHi^jesty - - -
lU
HerMi^eaty - - -
—
—
—
HerMijeety . - -
—
—
—
H.R.H. Prince Albert -
—
—
119
H.R.H. Prince Albert -
^_
H.R.H. Prince Albert -
—
—
Hunt, Robert - - -
I.
—
156
Anated, D. T., F.R.8. -
—
—
166
Rogers, K., F.O.S.
430
160
Ditto - - - -
—
_
1 Buooleuch, Hia Qrace the |
\ Duke of, - - - 1
—
609
175
Spenoe, Peter - - -
II.
7
186
Bentley, John F. - -
ni.
4
201
Penn, J., & Son -
V.
8
211
Ditto - - - -
.
212
Joyce, William - -
20
213
MoNaught, WUliam -
—
22
—
Garrett, Willinm Elliot
—
35
214
Maudsley, Sons, ft Field
—
38
215
Ditto - - - -
—
—
216
Ditto - - - -
—
—
—
Ditto - - - -
—
—
_
Ditto - - _ -
_^
__
217
Ditto - - - -
—
Ditto - - - -
—
Clayton & Shuttleworth
39
218
FitzMaurice, Hon. W. E.
57
219
Morrell, O. - - -
82
221
Phillipa, William H. -
._
92
222
Erskine, Daniel
100
_
Frith, T. & J. - -
119
224
Hurry, H, C. - - -
—
122
—
Merryweather, M. -
—
401
226
Ditto - - - -
227
Shand & Mason
410
James, J., ft Co. -
411
223
Ditto - - - -
Bank Quay Foi -.jy Co.
—
412
229
Ditto - - - -
— -
—
_
Fairbaim, W., ft Sons -
_
417
231
Warner, J., & Sons
—
424
233
Compartmenta of electro-depoait table-top - - - - -
Table of gold and silver eleotro-plate ------
Table-top in silver -----._-_-
Shield presented by the King of Prussia to H. R. H. the Prince of I
Walea :
Portion of a slab for a table --------
Thusous and the AraasHins ---------
Mineral map of the United Kingdom ------
Coal-flelda of Europe, and of the United Statea and British North I
America ------------J
Improved blasting cartridge -------.
Diagram of a aeotion and plan of a shaft -----.
Ground plan, elevation, and aeotiona of furnace, chimneys, ftc. '
Cryatala of sulphate of iron -.-----.
Nutt'a beehives --------.-<
Patent marine trunk engines -------
Marine oaoillating enginea --------
Pendulous high-preasure engine, aide and fW>nt elevation -
Patent double cylinder steam-engine - - - - -
Steam pump, front and end elevation - - - - -
Patent feathering screw propeller, in action and out of gear •
Double cylinder marine engines, end and side elevation
Direct acting oacillating cylinder steam-engines, end and side)
elevation --------__--}
Double piston-rod engines, for shallow-river navigation, end and!
side elevation -----------J
Marine beam steam-engine, end and side elevation
Annular cylinder marine enginea, end and side elevation -
Horizontal direct-acting marine engines for screw propulsion, end)
elevation and plan -------- --j
O;ioillating engine -----------
A new method of converting rectilinear into rotatory motion -
Rotatory engine, front elevation and section - - - - -
Fire aunihilator, entire and in section ------
Balance valves Sec, in section --------
Hollow furnace-bars and fire-bars -------
Model, showing improvements in lubricating - - - - -
Carriage fire-engine ----------
Cabinet fire-engine ----------
Improved Brigade fire-engine --------
Patent weighing crane ----------
Small patent weighing machine --------
Hydraulic press, employed in raising the Britannia Bridge -
The press shown in operation, and end elevation - - - -
Patent tubular crone, side and back view -----
Overshot water-wheel ------.-..
b 2
>11
LIST OP ILLUSTRAMONS.
Dawrlpllon at IlliulntloiM,
PAtaiit iitttnm travsllinK orana, and uiid iiUiti alevfttion - - -
CrKinpton'ii |mt«iiit axpreM angine .-..--.
HIkI) pruMiiro Hnt-MiiKliia -----....
OrimiiioiiUl fiitiiitHiii ----------
I'lttnnt vulviuiixuil Inilin-nibber water-Upa - - . - -
Piktutit t'ounlliiK fur nvllway wittQ;«lui ------
Hydraiillo llftlnx jiw!k ----------
Iiiipt'uM><l lifting Horuw-Jnck --------
ExpruM oiiK'no -------.»-.
The "CornwaU" oxproM narr w-gniige rnniiio . - - -
Louunicitive (loiiblo-boiler tnuk-eiiKine, ildii and half-and alevatloii
Iinpnivod covered railway waKK"i»i and elevation . - -
Iiaprov«<l covered railway wnggona, aide elevation . . -
Loooiiicitive tikuk engine ---------
Locomotive unuino ----------
CroH* aeotion of patoitt normanent way for ruilwaya - . .
Fntout travelling iiiachine ---------
Patent travorHing uuiohiiie, aide elevation and plan - - -
Dunn'n iMktent tiirntHblea, Heutiona and plan -----
Patent charcoal tiro for railway wheeU and rails and patent axle
Aiitiiinatiu aptiaratuH for mail traiua, ground plan - - -
Klevation of tlio Mame ----------
Patent turn table for railwaya --------
Trifonn railway iiignal ----_.__-
Machine for oacertaining and recording the weight of goodM
Improved lever weighing machine -------
Dial weighing machine ----.--..
Improved engine counter ------.-.
Portable weighing machine ---.._--
Bale weighing machine ---------
Elevation of office and railwav weigh bridge - - - - -
Internal construction of weigh bridge ------
Platform weighing machine ---_--_-
Improved sociable ----__-___
Patent ]>ark phaeton --------_-
Im|)roved patent wheel, elaTatlon and side view - - - -
Section of globular nave ---------
Low-bodie<l dog cart ----------
The '* Ameiupton" carriage, closed - ------
The same carriage, open, as a barouche ------
Improved pony carriage ---------
Patent " dioroplm," or two-headed carriage - - . - -
Improved can-iiige for invalids --------
Perspective view, showing MoKsra, Hibbert A. Platt'a cotton ma-l
ohinea (lap and carding machine), and Messrs. Hicka and Son's/
high-pressure Hteam-engino and driving-gear - - - - )
Forapectivo view, showing Messrs. Hibbert and Platt'a cotton
machinery (power-looms, throatlos, and mules), and Messrs.
Hicks and Son's steam-engine and driving gear - - - -
Patent self-acting mulo ----_-__-
CHrdiug engine ------_____
Patent slubbing and roving frame and collars - - - -
Modem power loom -------.__
Old power loom -------__-_
Models of patent sizing and warping machine - - - _
A large Jacquard loom -----.-__
Patent spinning frame ----------
Improved he dd machine -----_-__
Sample of healds ---------__
Sewing machine -------____
Flax seeding machine --------_-
Metal disc, for scutching flax --------
Front elevation of rotatory disc scutching mill - - - -
Improved flax-breaking machine, side and front elevation -
Improved holders, for flax-heckling -------
Double cylinder heckling machine, side elevation - - - .
Double cylindei' hackling machine, end elevation - - - -
Patent double tuition Jacquard loom ------
Applcgath's printing machine --------
Printing machine -----------
Einliossing press -----------
Improved galley press ----------
Plough-cutting machine ---------
Numerical printing machine ------__
Patent registering compass ---------
Mama of Bihlhllor.
M'Nioholl A Vernon -
L.andN. W.iUllwayCo.
Hinith, It., & Hon -
Freeman Ac Koe
Lambert & Hon
Thornton, J,, & Bona -
Ditto . . - -
Ditto - - - -
Oramiiton, Thoinaa R. -
Ditto - . - -
Wilson, K. B., it Co. -
Ilenaon, Henry U. -
Ditto - - . .
Kltaon, & Co. -
Hawthorn, R. & W. -
Hoby, Jamea W. -
Dunn, T. - - -
Ormerod, R., ft Son
Ditto - - . -
Thorneycroft, O.B., & Co.
Dicker, John - - -
Ditto - - - -
Oreenway, Charlea
Hoy, Joseph - - -
Morris, William - -
Nioholl, W., Lewis St Co.
Ditto - - - -
Richmond, John -
Craig, John - - -
Ditto - - - _
Pooley, Henry
Ditto - - - _
Ditto - - - -
Booker, E., k Sons
Cook, Rowley, St Co, -
Crosakill, Edmund
Ditto - - _ -
Fowler & Fry - - -
Kesterton, E, -
Ditto - - - -
Mason, W, Henry -
Rock ft Son - - -
Willoughby, Solomon -
Hibbert 8t Piatt - -
Ditto - - - -
Mocindoe, O, Park
Mason, J. - - -
Ditto - - - _
Harrison, J. -
Ditto - - - -
Hornby & Kenworthy -
Taylor & Son - - -
SutcliSe, R. - - -
Judklna, C. Fiot -
Ditto - - _ _
Ditto - - , -
Robinson, Richard -
Plummer, Robert -
Ditto - - - _
Ditto - - - .
Ditto - _ - _
J,ittO - - _ -
Ditto - - - _
Barlow, Alfrc '
Ingram, Herbi ■ i,
Cowper, Edward, F.] S.
Jorrett, Griffith - -
Harrild & Sons
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - _
Napier, D., & Son -
UlkM.
VI.
No.
4.14
a:».»
ftl,»
'J:i4
449
•iM
4il'.i
—
47H.I
a.)«
401)
—
a37
SilH
. ,.
—
•iM
t>M
XM
Mi
—
■i4()
ft;t4
_
M(l
1114
244
(118
tl24
24.")
();it)
2 Hi
U74
248
—
240
6UH
2.'>0
710
•2:,i
7f)4
2,VJ
770
—
77.')
770
2:)3
784
1
—
254
800
255
81(1
—
8i(J
250
—
—^
843
_-
804
257
010
2.^8
056
259
092
200
24
10
18
20
2.1
42
52
54
74
82
122
134
154
157
158
l>»ii«.
203
258
200
200
270
272
273
274
275
270
277
279
281
282
284
285
M8T OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
sUI
•.
No.
l'»ii«.
4.14
U.l.l
ftl.i
^.'14
440
'J3a
4«I2
,
47H.I
•im
4IM)
—
I)*wrl|'liiin i>r llliitlnllniia.
.VlH
.Via
A:m
ilU
(IIH
tin
074
6UH
710
704
770
77:1
770
784
800
MKi
843
894
910
056
992
1
24
10
18
20
23
42
52
54
74
82
122
134
154
157
158
237
23H
239
240
244
245
2 to
24H
240
2.'iO
251
25a
254
255
256
257
258
259
200
203
258
20G
209
270
272
273
274
275
270
277
279
281
282
284
285
Hy(lr)elsotrio mAohiiM ........
I'Htnnt vulve, for fliilitii .----...
I'lttuDt rlvnting mouhluu, Miiiu alovatlnn - . . . .
PUii (if the Miiia --.....-..
HeiriiatliiK fciotUthe -..---...
H«ilf uctitiK iluploi Inthn .---....
Holfiuitiiitf (liiplax ntilwnr whe«l turning lathe . . .
Ntilfllc'tilltf pUllillK llliK^lllIlr .-._-__
Hvlf-iU!tiii)( iiniviirwil 'iliapliikt nnil pinning lunchine
H«lf Aotin){ Kluttlnu iiikI Hli.tpiiiB iniiuliiiiii - . . . .
Holf'ikctinK vvrtiool drill, i^ iinil borliij? inachiiio - - -
Hitlfivctliig nulial ilriliiiiK ikiiri boring mm-hino . . -
I'unchiiiK anil ilioiirliiK in.kvhiiio .--...
Hoir-iiating wlieeUciittlna nml dividliiR mnviilne . - .
Helf-octliiK holt head una uut-iihaplng iiiauhliie . . .
Patvut Rorowliig np|)iu«tiiii ----....
Poworful «elf-nutiiiK planing maohlue .....
Steam riveting ninomnu ........
Hydruiiliu proiii -.-....-.-
Two-horRo onclllatlng itaam-engina ......
Patent forging machine ...----.
Coiuing-prefw -.-.-.....
I'atiiut nioiild-mnking machine, lide and front elevation
Pr.tuut tile-niiiohino -...-.-..
I'ntont tenoning mnchlne ........
Form* for rubbing Hurface* ...____
Orinding mill for vegetable aubiitanceii .....
Mill for mineral ■iibHtancoH -....__
Patent coffee-roasting apparatiiM ......
Steam iiigar-cane cniihing mill ......
Hydraulic aeed pre«ae« ........
Mill to grind bark .........
Centrifugal washing and drying machine (for hand power) -
Centrifugal waahing and drying machine (for ateam power)
Machine for rooating coffee .......
Patent refrigerator .........
Patent aoda-water machine .......
Double aoda-water machine .......
Diving ilroaa and helmet ........
Brunel'a wro\ight-irou bridge over the Wye ....
Improved compaaaea ...-..-.-
Block of union paving -..-..-._
Straight-grooved blocka, parallel and continuoua ...
Straight-grooved blocka, parallel and diacontinuoua -
Zig-zag grooved planka -..-__..
E((uilateral perforated blocka .......
Circular poi-forated blocka -..-..._
Hexagonal perforated blocka .......
Smoke removal plan .........
Patent effluvia trapa ..-...--_
Univeraal telegraphic lighthouae .....
Aaaimilation of railway gaugea --.---.
Vie WB of the great BUBpenaion bridge at Kieff - - . -
Suapenaion aqueduct over the Calder - . . . -
Caat-iron bridge over the Aire .-.-.-_
Catadioptric apparotua ---...__
Improved revolving apparatus for a light vessel - - -
Patent marine signals .-..--...
Wind guard for chimney tops .-.---.
Porter's patent anchor .--..__.
Registered marine signal lamp .--.-.-
Bow, stern, and transverse sections of H. M. S. " Queen " .
Lightning conductors for ships .-..---
New propeller for steam vessels -.-___
Duplex rudder and screw propeller -.--._
Ornamented presentation cimeter -.___.
New officers" infantry helmet ---....
India-rubber air-gun --.----..
Patent safety gim -----.--_
Waterproof nun .-.--..___
Working model of at,, in-stem steam-ship . - . -
Model of H.M.Bteam-ship "Medea" - . _ . .
Two-horse portable steam-engine; end elevation - - -
Registered steam cooking apparatus for farmers - - -
Chaff-engiuo ..-.--_.__.
Nan* df F.«hllillnr.
WaUon, Henry
Ditto . . . -
FuirUIni, W., k 8<>iw -
Ditto - . - -
Whltworth & Co. . .
Ditto ....
Ditto ....
Ditto ....
Ditto ....
Ditto . . . -
Ditto ....
Ditto ....
Ditto ....
Ditto ....
Ditto ....
Ditto ....
Sharp, Brothers
Qarforth, W. J., «t J. -
Hick, B., & Son . .
Ditt -
Kydor, W. . . -
Maudalay, Sons, & Field
Stewart, D. Y., & Co. .
Hart, James ...
FurnesM, William -
Schiele, C. > • .
Croaakill, William - .
Ditto ....
Dakin & Co. - . -
Hoblnaon and Ruasell .
Blundall, 8p«nc«, ft Co.
Huxhama 4c Brown
Manlove, Alliott, & Co. -
Ditto ....
Law, W. - - . .
I^awronce, Jamea -
Tyler, Hayward, & Co. -
Tylor & Son . - -
Siebe, Augustua
Finch & Willoy - -
Bermingham, Thoniaa .
Wooda, F. F. - - -
Ditto ....
Ditto . . - -
Ditto ....
Ditto . . - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto ....
Devey, George
Lowe, Alice, &; Co.
Wells, Oeorge ...
Smith, B. - - -
Vignoiea, Charles -
Leather, John W. -
Ditto - - - .
Wilkina & Letoumeau -
Ditto ....
Rettie, Robert
Green, Isaac - . -
Honiball, James -
Gilbert, Edward -
The Admiralty
Harris, Sir W. Snow
Penrice, Lieut. R. E. .
Carpenter, Capt. E. J. .
Wilkinson & Son .
Landon & Morland
Shaw, J.-
Forsyth & Co. .
Erskine, James
Sturdee, A. B.
Hudson, J., jun. -
Stanley, W, Proctor -
Ditto ....
Ditto . . . -
Claaa,
VI.
VII.
VIII,
No,
105
28.)
._..
280
300
^
—
387
201
—
—
288
._
289
IX.
204
308
218
222
22H
238
308
4iit
402
404
408
418
420
440
454
400
004
005
000
1
9
13
42
!>*(».
200
201
202
203
204
200
207
■.'08
290
300
302
303
304
306
307
300
310
313
314
54
315
62
310
82
318
90
310
105
321
107
322
—
323
157
326
—
327
1.50
328
186
329
05
339
120
340
140
344
150
345
173
347
194
345
200
351
204
352
254
357
250
257
337
302
338
363
1
305
.
XIV
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
DeKription of Illiutntiou.
Improved draining plough and windlaas -
Six-horse portable steam-engine ^
Hurdle-making machine - - - -
Gorse- cutting and bruising machine
Bi'lck, tile, and pipe making machine
Broad-cast sowing machine - - -
Sheep-dipping apparatus - - - -
Improved chsyBT-engine - - - -
Crushing and grinding mill - - .
Chaff-cutting machine - - - - -
Instrument for fumigating plants -
Temple beehive ------
Enamelled stable fittings - - - -
Locomotive steam-plough - - - -
Union mill for splitting and bruising seeds
Chaff-cutting and oat-bruisiitg machine -
Four-horse power portable steam-engine -
Four-horse power thrashing machine
Patent hone-gear for the same - - -
Iron thrashing machine - - - -
Cam chaff-cutter ------
Universal crushing mill - - - -
Iron two-wheel plough - - - -
Clod-crusher -------
Norwegian harrow - - - - -
One-horse cart ------
Pair-horae waggon - - - - -
Liquid manure cart - - - - -
Steam-engine, fixible or portable -
Beating machine ------
Archimedean root-washer - - - -
Seed-cleaner and separator - - -
Wrought-iron skim - - - - -
Expanding horse-hoe - - - - -
Wrought-iron gates and posts - - -
Wrought-iron hurdles - - _ -
Seeding drill ------
Turnip drill -------
Patent horse-shoe - - - - -
Patent thrashing-machine - - - -
Portable steam-engine - _ ., -
Patent iron harrows - - - - -
Patent wrought-iron plough - - -
Chaff-engine -------
Drain-pipe and tile-machine - . -
Improved Taylor's horse-drag rake - -
Four-horse bolting thrashing-machine
Agricultural chimney filter drain
Patent tank cleaner - - - . -
Patent water-engine - - - - -
Howard's, J. K., plough - - - .
Howard's, J. A., plough - . - .
Patent corn-mill ------
Four-horse portable steam-engine -
Steam-boiler feeding apparatus - - -
Crushing-mill ------
Broad share and subsoil plouga
Patent seed-drill ------
Patent manure-drill - - - _ -
Patent drill-machine - - - - -
Six-horse power portable steam-engine -
Patent corn-dressing machine - - -
Patent double-acting turnip-cutter -
Patent iron plough - - - - -
Patent iron harrows - - ' -
Thrashing machine - - - - -
Manure-sowing machine - - - -
Six-horse power portable steam-en ^e -
Agricultural mill -.,--.
Thrashing machine - - - -
Ornamental conservatory - - - -
Patent rotatory garden pump - . -
Patent chaff-cutter - - - - -
Patent grass-cutter - - . - -
Name of Exhibitor.
Fowler, John, jun.
Burrell, Charles -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Clayton, Henry
Watt, James - - -
Bigg, Thomas - - -
Gillett, John - - -
Woods, James - - -
Comes, James
Brown, David 8. - -
Pettit, Wyatt J. - -
Cottam & Hallen -
Usher, James - - -
Wedlake, Mary, & Co. -
Ditto - - - -
Barrett, Exall k Andrews
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - _
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Crosskill, W, - - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Gillam, John - - -
Hill, E., & Co, - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Garrett & Son
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Williams, W. - - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Blyth, R. J. - - -
Sadler, W. J. - - -
Deane, Dray, & Deane
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Turner, E. R. - - -
Ditto - - . -
Ditto - - - -
Bentall, Edward H.
Homsby, R., & Son -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - _
Ditto - - - -
Key & Mitchell - -
Howard T. & F. - -
Ditto - . - -
Holmes &, Sons
Ditto - - - -
(Clayton, Shuttleworth, )
\ & Co. - - .- - J
Clayton, & Co. - -
Ditto - - - -
Weeks, J., & Co. -
Siebe, A.-
Smith, J. _ _ -
Ferrabee, J., & Sons
CIu*.
IZ.
No.
28a
367
37
368
47
369
63
370
65
371
78
372
82
—
83
91
373
92
109a
375
123a
376
127
377
128
135
138
140
142
151
154
156
180
182
217
230
237
240
241
242
242
248a
255a
256
274
Vnge.
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
385
386
388
389
390
391
392
394
395
396
396
397
397
398
399
400
401
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
XV
Dewrlptlon of lUiutraUoiu.
Cottage, observatory, and other beehives - _ _ -
Tba " Hoyal Alfred," and other hives - - - - -
Mimn's bar and frame beehives __---_
Black mai'ble timepiece --------
Imitation oak timepiece --------
Murine chronometer ---------
The "Poljhorion" or many -hour clock - - - - -
Exeter clock -----------
Improved compensating balance ------
New calibre' for watches --------
Plan of an escapement --------
Pendulum with micrometrical adjustment - - - -
AstronomicT- I'aA meteorological clock - - - - -
Exetei f.look -----------
Patent electro -magnetic clock (numerous illustrations)
Self -registering magnetometer -------
Self-registering barometer --------
Self-rogiatering thermometer -------
Atmospheric recorder ---------
Sectional working of the same -------
Lawson's thermometer stand -------
Improved barometer ---------
Gilbert's tooth extractor --------
ArtiScial hand ----------
Large organ with modern improvements - - - - -
Mechanical figure ---------
Terrestrial globe ----------
Planetarium -----------
Electro-galvanic machine --------
Solid eye-piece ----------
Registered helicographs --------
Typhodeiotor or storm-pointer -------
Patent power-engine ---------
Patent meter _---_-_---
Planometer -----------
Dial weighing and measuring machine - - - - -
Table weighing machine - --
Magnetic balance ----------
Steam gauge -----------
Vacuum gauge ----------
Registered typograph ---------
Fox's magnetic dip and intensity instrument - - - -
Fox's miners' theodolite --------
An electrophorous ---------
Rain gauge -----------
Index mouthpiece ---------
Electric telegraph ---------
Electric telegraph instruments for hotels - - - -
Similar instruments for public companies - - - -
Domestic telegraphs ---------
Patent electric telegraph, with and without cover - - -
Magneto-electric machine --------
Copying electric telegraph --------
Copper-covered glass apparatus -------
Improved sounding-board for pianoforte - - - - -
Registered pianoforte ---------
Registered cottage pianoforte -------
Twin semi-cottage pianoforte, front and side views
Elizabethan new patent grand oblique pianoforte - - -
Violin, after M. Savart's description - - - - -
Silver flute -----------
Finger-board for enharmonic organ (front view and profile)
Ornamental clock-case --------
An organ, in the Tudor style -------
Pedestal planisphere ---------
Invalid couch ----------
Apparatus for applying medicated vapour - - - -
Limar globe -----------
Improved pianoforte ---------
A salinometer ----------
Dioptric revolving light-house -------
Silk trophy -----------
Banner of silk, grown in England by the late Mre. ^Vhitby
Racing whip, with emblematic design - - - - -
Patent elastic waist boots --------
Name of Exhibitor.
Neighbour, O., & Son -
Milton, John - - -
Ditto - - - -
Adams, Thomas -
Ditto - - - -
Delolme, Henry -
Tanner, William -
Britton, Charles -
Pennington, J. - -
Frodsham, C. -
Hall, a. F. - - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Brutton, Charles -
Shepherd, Charles -
Brooke, Charles
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Dollond, Qeorge -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Dobbie, William -
Matthews, William
Little, Major - - -
Willis, Henry - - -
Dunin, Count - - -
Nevrton, W., & Son
Ditto - - - -
Home, & Co. - - -
Reade, Rev. J. B. - -
Penrose, Francis C.
Lloyd, Lieut. -Col. -
Brown, S. - - -
Ditto - - - _
Sang, John - - _
Siebe, A.-
Young & Son - - -
Fox, R. W. - - -
Baker, Henry - - -
Ditto - - - _
Hughes, William -
WUton, William - -
Ditto - - - -
Phillips, John, F.B.S. -
Ditto - - - -
Whishaw, Francis -
Alexander, W. R. S, E. -
Reid, William - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Henley, W. T. - -
Ditto - - - -
Bakewell, F. C. - -
Edwards, J. B. - -
Cadby, C. - - -
Brimsmead, J. - -
Allison, R. - - -
Jones, J. C. -
Erard, P. O. - - -
Spurgin, Thomas -
Card, William - -
Robson, T. J. F. - -
Walker, John - - -
Walker, J. W, - -
Mollison, J. - - -
Chapman, Alderman
Downing, C. T., M.D. -
Readhouse, C.
Oetzmann & Plumb
Mudie, David - - -
Chance, Brothers, & Co.
Keith, D., & Co. - -
Houldsworth, J., & Co.
Swaine & Adeney -
Taylor & Bowley -
Claas.
IX.
X,
XIII,
XVI.
No.
42S
433
438
471
474
480
481
496
542
546
559
697
561
585
601c
634
677
683
683a
742
1
64
92
181
P»ge.
290
402
291
—
403
14
408
—
409
19
28
411
96
411
53
412
57
414
60
415
416
96
418
128
419
144
423
—
424
—
425
145
426
—
427
166
430
181
-1*
196
431
209
433
210
433
212
434
220
_
254a
436
318
443
322
444
335
447
338
448
358
450
366
377
451
396
452
401
__
402
—
453
411
454
419
_
426
456
427
—
457
450
461
464
465
466
454
470
471
472
•472
474
475
476
478
469
470
471
477
503
607
523
526
xvl
LIST OP ILLUSTRATIONS.
Description of lUustrotiona.
W t
i'l
Royal Bible, the top, back, and front aa reflected in a mirror -
Commemorative shield of the Great Exhibition - - - -
Specimen of antique binding --------
Specimen of antique binding ________
Envelope folding-machine ---------
Heraldic table-cloth ----------
State bed ------------
Axminster carpet for Her Majesty's drawing-room, Windsor Castle
Crimson satin eider-down quilt, with white satin border
Patent guard razor ----------
Ornamental wire flower-table --------
Ornamental iron bedstead ---------
Patent iron bedstead ----------
Ornamental cast-iron vaae ---------
Registered conducting loaf-stove -------
Interior of the same, showing the conducting loaves - - -
Improved Oxford range ------___
Pyi'o-pneumatic stove-grate --------
Louis Quatorze drawing room stove -grate - - - - -
Chased or-molu fender ---------
Ornamented fire-dogs ----------
Fish-carver and fork ----------
Fire-lump stoves (front views and vertical sections) - _ -
Nautilus register-stove ---------
Ridgway & Co.'s cabinet water-closet ------
Hy£x)static syphon water-purifier -------
Victoria night-light ----------
Ck)ld ever-pointed pencil-case, with various combinations -
Ornamental gas-bracket ---------
Electro-plated snufier-tray ---------
Electro-plated decanter-stand --------
Electro-plated tea-urn ---------
Electro-plated tea-kettle and stand -------
Electro-plated cake-basket ---------
Electro-plated candlestick ---------
Four-post brass bedstead in the renaissance style - - - -
Metallic bedstead -------____
Two ornamental cots in brass --------
Gas chandelier with parian figures (style of Francis I.) -
Bronzed gas chandelier, with ornamental enamel shades
Metallic bedstead -----__-__
Sherwood range -----------
Dr. Arnott's oblong bronzed corrugated stove _ - - _
Dr. Arnott's circular bronzed corrugated stove - - _ _
Dr. Arnott's chimney valves ----___-
Enamelled copper bath ---------
Ornamental tea-urn ------___-
Copper coal-scuttle ----------
Radiating stove-grate ----------
Portable cooking stove ---------
Patent dry gas-meter ----------
CJas cooking i-ange ----------
Gas broiler ------------
Patent diamond table lamp --------
Pearl hanging lamp ------____
Patent diamond sideboard or reading-lamp - - - - -
Patent diamond table-lamp -----__-
Patent star night-light ---------
Patent reflector for gas-lights --------
Improved oil lamp, with reservoir below the light - - -
Patent distress signal-lamps --------
Improved ship's hearth ---------
Ornamental bracket ------__-_
Patent vulcanized valve-cocks --------
Economic lamp -----------
Registered mangle ----------
New elastic pressure mangle --------
Patent rotatory knife-cleaning machine ------
Transverse section of the same --------
Perpendicular section of the Eame -------
Aerating machine for soda-water -------
Fi-eezing-machine ------_-__
Rotary knife-cleaner ----------
Fountain and park-gates in cast iron --_-__
Specimen of ornamental structure in CB«t-ii-on - - - -
Name of Exhibitor,
Messrs. Leighton -
Ditto - - - _
Gould, J. - . -
Westley, Josiah -
Hill, E., & De la Rue, T.
Underwood, W. - -
Faudel & Phillips - -
Watson, Bell, and Co. -
Heal & Son - - -
Stewart, C, & Co.
Reynolds, John
Tonkin, James
Cowley & James -
Handyside, Andrew
Keene, W. - - -
Ditto - _ -
Benham & Sons
Pierce, William
Ditto - _ -
Ditto _ - -
Ditto - - -
Deakiu & Co. - - -
Deane, Dray, & Deane -
Burton, W. S. - -
Stokes, J. C. -
Bird, A. - - - -
Ditto - - -
Sheldon, J. - - -
Potts, William - -
Sturges, R. F. - -
Ditto - . -
Ditto - - -
Ditto - - -
Ditto - - -
Ditto - - -
Winfield, R. W. - -
Ditto - - -
Ditto - - -
Ditto - - -
Ditto - - -
Peyton and Harlow
Wakefield, F. - - -
Edwards, F. - - -
Ditto - - _ -
Ditto - - - -
Tylor & Son - - -
Ditto - - _ -
Ditto - - - -
Gray, J., & Son -
Rigby, Peter - - -
Shears & Son - - -
Strode, William - -
Ditto - - - -
Clark & Restell - -
Ditto - - _ -
Ditto - - _ -
Ditto - - - _
Ditto - - _ -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Rettie, M., & Sons
Goodbehere, O. T.
Hale, T., & Co. - -
Lambert, T. - - -
Ditto - - _ _
Tindall, E. 0. D. L. -
Stutterd, J. - - -
Kent, G. - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Masters, Thomas -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Coalbrook Diile Company
Ditto - - - -
C1u>.
XVII.
XXVIII.
XVII.
XVIII.
XIX.
XIX.
XXI.
XXII.
No.
24
143
48
76
22
165
337
396
21
37
58
62
82
94
98
107
110
186
247
252
267
292
323
341
373
371
381
387
401
405
411
438a
443
446
P«go.
539
541
543
554
566
573
.574
592
597
599
600
602
602
604
605
606
613
620
621
623
626
630
633
634
639
639
640
641
642
643
645
646
647
449
481
649
486
.
534
652
—
653
542
545
654
553
—
—
—
634
658
—
—
641
659
LIST OP ILLUSTRATIONS.
xvu
1.
No.
Page.
I.
24
539
...
a.
143
541
I.
48
76
543
I.
22
554
165
566
337
572
396
574
21
592
37
597
58
599
62
600
82
94
602
98
602
107
604
—
—
—
605
~—
-
110
606
186
613
247
620
252
621
267
623
■ —
292
626
323
630
341
633
Description of lUuatrat' ns
373
371
381
387
401
405
411
438a
443
446
634
639
639
640
641
642
643
645
646
647
449
. .
481
649
486
534
652
—
653
542
, ,.
545
654
653
~_
—
—
—
634
658
—
—
—
. .
641
659
Bronzed flower-pot atand ---------
Serpent-handled vaae and base --------
Ornamental vase and base ---------
Patent holdfast, and flre-reBtsting safe ------
Ornamental Gothic lantern --------
Antique bronze candelabnim --------
Patent Admiralty regulation lights -------
Steam-vessel with regulation lights -------
Patent detector lock and key --------
Gothic lock and key ----------
Patent fireproof safe _--------.
" Koh-i-noor " diamond case --------
Patent penholder -----------
Patent CoUinge hinges _-----_-.
Irish railway signal -post ---------
Portable domestic vapour-bath --------
Patent check indicator -------_.
Vase in silver, emblematical of the great Exhibition -
Antique vase -----------
Safety chain brooches ----------
Ornamental brooch ------ _-.
Ornamental plateau ------ __.
Etruscan tea-urn ------ ---.
Ornamental venison dish ---------
Ornamental candelabrum ---------
Antique candelabrum ------__-.
Registered toast-rack ----------
Electro-plated coffee and tea-pot, orean jwer, and sugar-basin ■
Blue diamond medallion, surrounded by brilliants
Equestrian statuette ------_-_.
Infantry statuette ----__---.
Silver-gilt knife and spoon ------_-.
Tweeddale testimonial, in silver -_-__-,
Ornament in silver, designed for flowers or lights - - - .
Bouquet of brilliants ---------.
The Hartlepool testimonial --_---_.
The Montefiore testimoniad ---_--_.
The EUenborough testimonial ------„.
Tlie EUenborough plate --------.
The EUenborough testimonial -------.
Jewellery, opals, and brilliants --------
Emperor of Kuasia's ewer, with fruit-basket and sugar-basket •
Enamelled and silver flagons, vase., and goblet - - - .
Group of articles in silver ---------
Group, " The Well in the Desert " -------
Group in silver, "The entry of Queen Elizabeth on horseback)
into Kenilworth Castle " _--_-___|
Ebony inlaid silver table ---------
Spoons and fork (new design) - - ^ - - _ - .
Louis Quatorze silver inkstand -------.
Cut crystal fointain -------__.
Specimens of engravings on glass ------.
Anglo-Venetian gilt and frosted glass -----.
Bridal tea-service and tray ------_,
Glass furnance. — Ground plan -------.
, , Elevation -----__,
, , Section of elevation -----.
Window composed of national emblems
One of the windows of the Royal Commission room
Ino and the Infant Bacchus ------_,
Statuette, the Prodigal's Return -----_,
Statuette, Rebecca -------__,
Porcelain table service ________
Tea and cofliae service -----___
Dessert service --------__
Porcelain fountain --------_
Pottery sanitary vessels ------__
Ornamental candlestick -------_
Portrait vase -------_--_
Bacchanaliim vase ---------
Ornamental vase ---------_
Portrait vase -------_--_
Illuminated Gothic font ---.---_
Name of exhibitor.'
Coalbrook Dale Company
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Milner & Son - - -
Hulett, David - - -
Ditto - - - -
Miller & Sons - - -
Ditto - - - -
Chubb & Son - - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - .
Ditto - - - -
Windle & Blyth - -
Thrupp, H. J. - -
Boake, J. F. - - -
Culverwell, Wm. -
Warner, J., & Sons
Elkington, Mason, & Co.
Payne & Sons - - -
Ellis, H.. & Son - -
Rettie, M., & Sons
Wilkinson, T., & Co. -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - _
Ditto - - - -
Collis, G. R. - - -
Roberts & Hall - -
Broadhead & Atkins
Hope, H. T., M.P.
PhUlips, Brothers -
Ditto - _ - -
Adams, G. W. - -
Hunt & Roskell - -
Ditto - - - _
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - ^ -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - _
Garrard & Co.
Angell, George
Smith, Nicholson, & Co.
Ditto - - - _
Hancock, C. F. - -
Ditto - - - -
Attenborough, R, -
Dodd, P. George -
Osier, F., & Co. - -
Green, J. G. -
Apsley Pellatt & Co. -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
f St. Helen's Crown Glass \
\ Company - - - j
(Royal Patent Decorative)
Glass Works - - /
Copeland, W. T. - -
Ditto - - _ -
Ditto - - - -
Ridgway, J., & Co.
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Meigh, C, & SoiiH - -
Ditto - - - -
Pit hi - - - _
Ditto - - _ -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Clui.
No.
XXII.
XXIII.
XXIV.
641
642
643
645
646
668
676
697
754
798
1
4
12
24
32
34
40
43
73
87
88
97
98
103
110
112
113
122
20
32
33
33
66
83
2
10
660
661
662
663
665
666
668
669
672
673
674
675
676
677
679
680
682
684
685
686
688
688
690
691
692
694
700
701
702
703
704
706
707
711
714
717
720
721
T
xviii
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
DMcriptlon of IllMtntion.
Ornamental clock ---»--__-
Ornamental centre-piece, on pillar, with emboued vine' border
Improved ship's furniture --------
Carved sideboard of mahoganv in the Italian style
Dressing-case, inkstand, and jewel-case . - - - -
Expanding circular dining-table ------
Slate top billiard-table --------
An ornamental carved cabinet in walnut-wood and ebony -
Ornamental papier machd fire-screen - - - - -
Irish bog-yew occasional table and timepiece . - - -
Irish bog-yew teapoy ---------
Irish bog-yew omnium and statuette - • - - -
Irish bog-yew fire-screens --------
Irish bog-yew oiin-chair --------
Irish bog-yew garde-vin, or wine-cooler - - - - -
Carved music temple ---------
Ornamental and inlaid bagatelle table - - - - -
Ornamental work-table ---__--_
Carved cabinet of walnut wood -------
Winged and carved mahogany wardrobe - - - - -
Cabinet made for Her Majesty -------
Carved and ornamental 8ide1x>ard ------
Circular table, supported by swana ------
Circular table, supported by storks ------
Ornamental candelabrum --------
Expanding plateau ---------
Carved and engraved jewel-casket and stand - - - -
Hanging mirror and bracket-table ------
Mirror in carved frame, and carved table . - - -
An easy chair, in papier machd -------
Papier machd toilet-table and glass ------
Geometrical Ottoman couch -------
Papier machd chess-table --------
Carved sideboard, in walnut-tree wood - - - - -
Ditto ditto ------___
InvaUd couch (reclining position) ------
Ditto (sitting position) -------
Carved oak cabinet ---------
Patent screw movement for dining-tables
Patent cog-wheel movement for dining-tables
A sideboard, ornamented with appropriate emblems
Ornamental chimney-piece - - - - -
Commercial writing-desk ------
Specimens of paper-hangings - - - - -
Patent reading-stand -------
Specimen of paper-hanging - - - - _
Specimen of block-printed paper-hangings
Specimen of paper-hanging _ - _ - -
Looking-glass and console-table - - - -
Table intended for President of French Republic -
Qroup of pedestals, vases, candelabra, &c.
Serpentine obelisk -------
Font and vase in serpentine - - - - _
Sculptured baptismal font in Caen stone
Slate filters and wine cooler - - - - -
Name of Exhibitor.
Prince Albert's model houses -------
Sections of the hollow bricks of the model structure -
Chemical pottery wares --------
Octagonal alms-basin ---------
Oriental towers in vegetable ivory ------
Specimens of the vegetable ivory nut - - - - -
Halkett's India-rubber cloak-boat ------
Medieeval dressing-case --------
Ornamental dressing-case --------
Or-molu jewel cabinet --------
Patent acolyte ----------
Shaksperian shield ---------
Shaksperian shield ---------
Book-cover -----------
Patent relievo leather panel -------
Specimen of carving in wood --------
Group of fruit, flowers, &c., carved out of solid lime-tree -
The Taunton vase -----__-.
■Meigh, C, &; Sons -
Hilditch & Hopwood -
Taylor & Sons
Johnstone & Jeanes
Asprey, C. - - -
Ditto - - - -
Thurston & Co. -
Freeman, W. & C. - -
Spiers & Son - - -
Jones, A. J. -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Mechi, J. J. -
Ditto - - - -
Stevens, John
Greig, E., and Son
Holliuid & Sons
Trollope, G., & Sons -
Morant, G. J. -
Ditto - - - -
Webb, John - - -
JohastoBe & Jeanes
Wertheimer, S. - -
Clark, S. B. - - -
Lecand, S. - - -
Jenneus & Betteridge -
Clay, Henry, and Co. -
Sowerby and Castle
Clay, Henry, & Co.
Poole and Miicgillivray -
Hunter, W., J. R., & E.
Minter, George
Ditto - - - -
{Harrison's Wood Carving I
Company - - - /
Hawkins, S. - - -
Ditto - - - -
Jackson and Graham
Thomas, J. - - -
Waller, p. - - -
WooUams, W. & Co. -
Warren, Thomas -
Townsend & Parker
Ditto - - - -
Turner, H., & Co. - -
M'Lean, C. - - -
Orsi & Armani
Pearce, William -
Organ, J. - - -
Ditto - - - -
Margetts and Eyles
Stirling, Thomas -
{Society for Improving the
Condition of Labouiing
Clflsses.
Green & Co. - - -
Wippell, J., jun. -
Taylor, Benjamin -
Ditto - - - -
Matthews, Samuel -
Leuchars, W. -
Mechi, J. J. -
Aspvej, C. - - -
Jones, Rev. W. H.
Limner, Luke
Leighton, John
Wyatt, M. Digby - -
Luake, Fred. - - -
Wallis, T. W. - - -
Ditto - - - -
Perry, W. - - -
CltM.
XXT.
XXVI.
xxvn.
XXIX.
XXX.
No. Pai^,
10
17
9
10
50
17
38
70
78
79
124
159
161
162
164
171
10
177
179
183
187
189
192
189
204
202
211
222
237
261
276
285
309
288
318
320
386
36
75
85
91
120
124
125
10
47
81
44
45
50
95
35
30
59
63a
89
101
722
723
730
730
731
732
734
735
736
737
738
739
741
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
766
768
770
771
773
774
775
776
778
780
782
791
792
795
822
823
825
82G
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
six
No.
Paijfe.
—
K
722
17
723
9
730
10
^»
50
730
—
731
17
38
732
70
734
78
735
—
736
—
737
—
738
79
739
124
741
159
744
161
745
162
,
164
—
171
740
10
^
177
170
747
183
S7
748
189
Q9
749
89
Off
750
02
751
11
752
22
753
37
754
61
755
76
85
756
09
88
757
18
758
20
__^
86
759
J6
766
75
768
35
770
n
771
>.o
773
u
774
■
775
5
776
0
778
t7
780
1
782
4
791
5
A
792
5
795
5
822
9
3a
823
9
825
Deieription nf Illiutratioiu.
The KenUworth buffet ___------
Panels and centre compartment of the Kenilworth btiffet -
Gladiatorial table ___-------
Oraamented Bible __--------
Specimen of heraldic decoration, in glass mosaic - - - -
Brien Boru's harp (model) ---------
Specimen in glass mosaic ---------
Model of a house, in card-board, built in the Tudor style -
Group of Mexican figures ---------
Statuette of Osceola ----------
Physiognomical scale ----------
Bacch:i,ualian vase in serpentine marble ------
Group in serpentine marble --------
Small table, from original designs -------
Royal cradle, carved in Turkey boxwood - - - - -
Statue of Whittington _---_----
H.R.H. the Prince of Wales as a young shepherd - - - -
H.R.II. the Princess Royal as a gleaner ------
A group. — The Murder of the Innocents ------
A group of children and animals -------
The Babes in the Wood ---------
Greek hunter and dog ---------
Statue of Shakspeare ----------
Youth at a Stream ----------
Group in marble. — Theseus and the Amazons - - - -
Eldon and Stowell group ---------
Model for a statue of Hampden -------
Model of a statue of Saber de Quincey, Earl of Winchester, 1215
Great pearl, cat's eye, and handle of Murat's sword - - -
The Fairy Queen (Titania) _-------
Ariel -------------
The Mourners -----------
The archangel Michael, having subdued Satan - - - -
An altar-screen — specimen of machine-carving in wood
Model of the docks and town of Liverpool - - - - -
Puck -------------
Hereford Cathedral spandril --------
Fountain, suitable for a market-place ------
Acis and Galatea fountain ---------
Statue of Rosamond ----------
Statue of Dante's Beatrice ---------
Equestrian statue of Her M^esty the Queen - - - - -
Sleeping Child and Dog ---------
Name of Exhibitor.
CIm.
No.
Pige.
Cookei & Sons
Ditto - - - -
Fletcher, J. - - ■
Nisbet&Co. - • ■
Stevens, George Henry ■
Ball, Rob., LL.D.
Stevens, deorgh H.
Harrison, Wm.
Montanari, N.
Ditto - - - .
Hopley, Edward -
Norchi, E. - - •
Ditto - - - .
Wilkinson, Sir O. -
Rogers, W. G.— The Queen
Carew, J. E. -
Thomycroft, T. & Mary
Ditto - - - -
Adams, G. Q. -
Jones, J. E. -
Bell, John - - -
Yarborough, Lord -
Bell, John - - -
Foley, J. H., A.R.A. -
H.R.H. Prince Albert -
Eldon, Earl of - -
Foley, J. H., A.R.A. -
Westmacott, J. S.
Hope, A. J. B. - -
Lough, J. G. -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Jordan, — - - -
Liverpool Local Committee
Lough, J. G. -
Potter, T, - - -
Seeley, John - - -
Thomas, J. - - -
Ditto - - - -
Hancock, J. - - -
Thomycroft, T. & Mary
Weekes, H. - - -
XXX.
110
111
118
158
157
158
180
224
296
309
319
353
10
34
37
40
72
80
BRITISH COLONIES AND DEPENDENCIES.
Description of Illustntioiu.
826
Battle-axes, deer-skin shield, and other arms -
Trophy of Indian arms -------
Native musical instruments ------
Ditto ditto ---_-.
Ditto ditto -____.
Brass, copper, and earthenware vessels, for domestic)
purposes ---------J
Inlaid vessels and works in gold and silver filigree -
Specimen of wood-cwving ------
Carved chair, in Bombay blackwood - - - -
Indian royal bedstead, with silk velvet covering, and )
velvet mattress --------j
Specimen of Indian carving ------
Carved Indian table (ebony) ------
Sideboard, of native design and carving - - -
Sofa, of native design and execution - - - -
Ornamental state umbrella ------
Royal reception seat (carved ivory) - - - _
Ivory howdah, with elephant trappings complete, inl
gold and silver --------[
Carved sideboard, represetiting King John signing!
Magna Charta - - - i - - - J
Name of Exhibltcr.
Baboo Denarain Sing, of
Benares
?}
Her Majesty the Queen
Ditto - - - -
Feuvre, G. C, Le -
Name of Place.
No.
India -
Ditto -
Ditto - •
Ditto - ■
Ditto - •
Ditto - ■
Ditto
Ditto - •
Ditto - ■
Ditto - ■
Ditto - .
Ditto - ■
Ditto - •
Ditto - ■
Ditto - ■
Ditto - ■
Ditto - .
Channel Islands ■
837
827
828
830
830
830
831
833
834
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
Page.
911
912
913
919
921
20
924
929
941
XX
LIST OP ILLUSTRATIONS.
I
Detcription of Illuitrationa.
Maltese stone vase - - - - -
Stone vase ------
Jug of Maltese stone - - - -
Stone vase ------
Vase, ornameuted with satyrs and flowers
Vase, ornamented with eagles
Walnut centre and pier table
A canoe of bark _ - - - -
Canadian timber trophy - - - -
Single sleigh ------
Powerful Canadian fire-engine
Name of Exhibitor.
Name of Phce.
No.
Decesare, P. P.
Malto -
27
Ditto - - -
•
Ditto
- -
Ditto - - -
-
Ditto
- -
,
Ditto - - -
.
Ditto
- —
^_
Testa, S. - - -
-
Ditto
- -
30
Ditto - - -
.
Ditto
- -
.-.
Hilton, J. & W. -
•
Canada
- —
123
( Central Commission, 1
\ Montreal - - J
Ditto
- -
171
Ditto - - -
.
Ditto
- -
M'Lean & Wright -
-
Ditto
-
178
Perry, 0. F. - -
"
Ditto
" —
181
Pago.
945
046
047
066
067
068
FOREIGN STATES,
II
Docriptlon of Illuatratioiu.
Ornamental bronzed street lamp - - - - -
Omamontal furniture, made of u:on tut -s - - -
An ornamental table, cast in zinc, with candlesticks, &c.
A lady's inlaid toilet table ------
Specimens of ornamental glass - - - - -
A group of ornamental glass vases, &c - - -
Specimens of ornamental glass vases, &c. - - -
State bed ----------
Carved sideboard - - - -_-
Carved and ornamental sofa and chair - - - -
Carved tables and chair -------
Carved and omrjnental wm-chairs - - - -
Specimens of carved chairs ------
Sofa and table ---------
Gothic bookcase, in carved oak, presented to Herl
Majest; by the Emperor of Austria - - - /
An inlaid table --------
Carved bookcase --------
Picture-stand ---------
Sculptured flower-stand -------
Prie-Dieu altar, in Gothic style _ - - - - -
Vase designed by B. di Bemardia - - - - -
Sculptured marble mantelpieces - - - - -
Vacuum boiling apparatus - - - - - -
Ornamented cast-iron fountain - - - - -
Specimens of ornamental glass, with various decora- 1
tions ----------J
Specimens of porcelain -------
Specimens of porcelain -------
Vase and epergne in porcelain - - - - -
Fountain in terra-cotta -------
Gothic vase and pedestal ------
Boy with a swan --------
Athenian vase, with figures ------
Colossal group in zinc and bronze, representing anl
Amazon attacked by a tiger -----/
Specimens of earthenware, in various shapes andl
colours, de<'.orated -------J
An assortment of jewellery ------
Specimens of jewellery of various designs - - -
Casket in silver, with a coral tree, &c.
Flower, in brilliants, rubies, &c. - - - - -
Specimens of varioiis articles of jewellery - - -
Set of chessmen and board, in silver and gold, orna- \
mented with precious stones, &c. - - - j
Stove in the form of a knight in armour - - -
A garden table top, in bronze _ - - _ -
Gothic vase ---------
Carved ivory goblet, with scriptural device
Table ornament, emblematicEil of the civilization of)
mankind -------- /
Name of Gxliibitor.
Salm, Prince - - -
Kitschelt, A. -
Ditto - - _ -
Moschim, P. - - -
Hofmann, W. -
f Hofmann, W., & Meyr's^
\ Nephews - - /
Hofmann, W.,
Leistler & Son
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - _
Ditto - - - -
Thonet, M. - - -
Afh, Fried, - - -
Polt, Anton - - -
Becker & Kronik -
Bottinelli, G. - - -
Heckmann, C. - -
Lehmann, A. F,
SchafTgotsch, Count
(Royal Porcelain Manu
\ fiictory
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
March, E. - - -
Ditto - _ - -
Geiss, M. -
Royal Iron Foundry
Kiss, Professor
Villeroy and Boch -
Backes, J. F., & Co, -
Ditto - - - -
Weisbaupt & Sons -
Haulick, F. G. - -
Backes, J. F., & Co.
Weishaupt, C. M., & Sons
Baume, D. - - -
(Stolberg Wemigerode, 1
Le Comte - - /
Stolberg, Le Comte
Schulz, L. W. - - -
Wagner, J., & Son -
-)
Name of Place.
Austria
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Prussia
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
No.
430
434
636
590
500 \
595/
590
633
240
Pago.
1032
1037
1040
641
646
650
1041
643
—
726
1043
52
1051
197
1059
208
—
213
1060
1062
267
271
1064
1065
279
—
361
1071
411
412
413
411
1073
412
—
760
1092
779
1093
811
1095
840
1096
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
sxl
Deacrlption o( Illiiitntloni.
No.
430
434
636
590
/ 590 \
\595/
590
633
1037
1040
641
646
650
643
726
52
197
208
213
240
1041
1043
1051
1050
1060
1062
267
271
1064
1065
279
—
361
1071
411
112
H3
HI
1073
12
— .
60
1092
79
1093
11
1095
40
1096
Carved ivory goblet, with relievos from the "Lay of I
the Niebelungen" __-__--f
A goblet of ivory, carved with bacchanalian figures I
and arabesques --------)
Ooblet in plaster of Paris, with subject, — " Loving 1
and living on the Rhine "- - - - - -/
Porcelain jug and tankard ------
Colossal lion ---------
Colossal group of lions -------
King and Queen of the Bohemians - - - -
Printing-machine --------
A bell of bronze --------
A large vase in porcelain, with a smaller one, from)
Berlin ----------J
Chemical apparatus --------
Ornamental bird-cage and flower-stand - - -
Qroups of stuffed animals, — Bu^^oaiting and stag-)
hunt ----------/
Porcelain stove --------
Alabaster crystal fountain ------
An ivory cup and porcelain vaao - - - - -
Hull of a barque, side view ------
Stag-horn furniture --------
Writing bureau, inlaid with harthom and ivory work
Ornamental sideboard of rosewood - - - -
Sugar-cane mill --------
Two large candelabra and flower-vase in cut crystal -
Ornamental marble mantelpiece - - - - -
A sculptured group in oak - - - -
Specimen of wood carving ------
Plaster statue — Cain -------
Carved oak cabinet --------
Marble statuettes — The Happy Child, and Unhappy 't
Child ------ ----f
Colossal equestrian statue in plaster — Godfrey de\
Bouillon ------___J
Plaster group — The Lion in Love - - - - _
Machine for counting, numbering, and labelling
Ready-reckoning machine ------
Statue of Eve and her children - - - - -
Seguier'a mint-balance -------
Delicate balance --------
Electric-light regulator -------
Microscope and regulator combined - - - -
Church organ, Gothic style ------
Colossal group in plaster: Archangel Michael con-)
queror of Satan --------j
An improved double turbine ------
Double turbine, sectional elevation - - - -
Ditto, sectional elevation of working arrangement
Stained window-glass -------
Tiara and brooches of brilliants and pearls belonging \
to the Queen of Spain - - _ _ _ |
Bouquets of brilliants and jewels, belonging to the\
Queen of Spain -------_(
Ornamental sword and dagger - - - _ ,
Specimen of ornamental binding and crucifix -
Cellini cup ----____,
Vase in oxidized silver, representing the battle of the)
Amazons ---~--___|
Machine for pei forming arithmetical calculations
Tubular bricks --------_
Grand carved pianoforte ----_-_
A four-wheeled carriage, called " Town Berline"
An ornamental fan ------__
Group, in plaster, of the child, the dog, and serpent
Ditto •■-------__
Ornamental metallic bedsteads - - - - _
Six illustrations of lamps ----.._
Moderator lamp -----___
Paper-mill, with Messrs. Varrall, Middleton, and
Elwell's continuous paper machines - _ _
An improved portable weighing apparatus - - _
New steelyard -------__
Name of Exhibitor.
Frank, C. - - _
Hagen, M. - - -
Knoll, C- - - -
I Royal Porcelain ManuO
I factory, NymphenburgJ
MUler, F. - - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Reichenbach, C. - -
Gruhl, F. - - -
Royal Porcelain Manufac-)
tory, Dresden - - J
Wolfi^ F. A. - - -
Rau & Co. - - -
Ploucquet, H,
Hoffman & Son
Tacchis & Co. - -
Heyl, C. W. - - -
Bute & Son - - -
Rampendahl, H. F. C. -
Ditto - - - -
Adikes, J. D. -
Vlissingen St Co. -
Regout, P. - - -
Leclercq, A. -
Geerts, M. C. - - -
Ditto - - - _
Jehotte, L. - - -
Beemdert, A. -
Simonis, M. - - -
Ditto - - - -
Geefs, G. - - -
Baranowski, J. J. -
Ditto - - - -
De Bajr, M. - - -
Deleuil, L. J. -
Ditto - . _ -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - _
Ducroquet, P. A. -
Duseigneur, J. B. -
Fron. jnt & Son
Fromont & Son
Ditto - - - -
Lafaye, P, - - -
Lemonnier, — - -
Ditto - - - -
Marrel Brothers -
Marrel Brothers -
Marrel Brothers
Marrell Brothers -
Thomas, C. X. - -
Borie Brothers
Erard, P. - - -
Dunaine, J. A.
Duvelleroy, P. - -
Lechesne, A. J. B. -
Ditto - - - -
Leonard, M. C.
Nouburger, A.
True, C. - - - -
(Varrall, Middleton, &'
\ Elwell - - -
Beranger & Co.
Ditto - - - -
Nam* of Place.
Bavaria
Ditto
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Saxony
Ditto - -
Wurtemburg
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
'iVankfort -
Ditto - -
Hesse Darmstadt
Hamburgh -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
The Netherlands
Ditto - -
Belgium
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
France and Algiers
Ditto
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
No.
75
83
88
64
90
102
37
174
13
72
107
16
21
75
9
60
70
67
75
99
425
450
463
439
464
466
15
45
160
173
187
220
220
284
304
331
Page.
1101
1103
1103
1106
1112
1116
U18
1120
1123
1129
1136
1138
1139
1146
1143
1164
1165
1163
1166
1171
1172
1173
1179
1180
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1190
1191
1193
390
1196
417
1198
497
1201
490
1202
495
1203
573
1205
589
1206
662
1210
703
1212
717
1214
701
1216
—
1217
}
XXII
LIST OP ILLUSTRATIONS.
DMeription of Illuitrattoni.
Name of Exhibitor.
Ntine of Pine*.
A noT«l •ppoi-utiu for weighing - - .
Pattern of a shawl ------
Punches for cutting out glovea - . -
Carved ivory cabinet - - - - -
Silver vate, with figures - - - - -
Specimens of fenders and fire implements -
Oil-colour painting of flowers and fruits
Bronze iron fountain, with figures of tritons
Indicators for steam-boilers - - - -
Ornamental -uantelpieoe, with mirror -
Table and vase in Sdvres porcelain
Sevres porcelain vases, various designs
Sevres china vases ------
Group nf Sdvres china articles - - .
Two vases of Sevres china . - - -
Letter-weight and rose-water dish, by Wagner
Apparatus for aerated waters - - - -
Carved ivory goblet ------
Bronze vase -------
Group of articles and statuettes in bronze -
Chased cup and salver, by Le Brun
Table centre-piece, accompanied with four crystal)
cups, &o. -----_-__J
Vase in silver, with ornaments in relief
A theodolite --------
Toilet- table, the property of the Duchess of Parma
Silver chased ornament
i
Swords presented to Generals Cavaignao and ChaU'
gamier, and a himting-bJfe - - - -
Carved ivory tankard -------
An ivory statue— Leda and Swan - - - - -
Carved bookcase --------
Diagram representing an Artesian boring - - -
Patent iron plough --------
Gold watch, enamelled and jewelled - - . -
Embossed drinking cup -------
Lady's mechanical cacritoire ------
Watches, ornamented and enamelled - - - -
Circular inlaid table-tnp ----__
Marble statue of Glycera ------
Cameo, " Jupiter overcoming the Titans " -
Organ with co^tra-basso amisone - - - - -
Stove in terra cotta --------
Carved casket --- .---__
Inlaid table-top --------
Ditto ----------
Alabaster vase. Etrurian style - - - - -
An inlaid table-top --------
An inlaid slab for a table ------
Ditto ----------
Flowers and stand of cast bronze - - - - -
CaiTed ivory statue — Prometheus chained - - -
Tabernacle, silver gilt, inlaid with precious stones -
Specimen of decorated and inlaid arms
An enamelled and gilt dagger and case, and serpent'
form sword --------
An ornamental dagger and case, and stirrups ■
Straight sword, of extraordinary temper and flex-
ibility, with a metallic scabbara in the form of a
serpent ----------
Inlaid secretaire --------
Harp-guitar and stand -------
Octagonal table of inlaid wood - - - - _
Statue of a shepherd, by M. Molin - - - -
Specimen of carving in wood by the peasantry -
Specimen of carving in wood by the peasantry -
Lady's vmting-table and chair - - - - -
Statue of Cupid --------
Ivory jewel-casket --------
Basso-relievo ---------
Hunter and panther -------
Model of a patent electro-magnetic engine - - -
Inlaid jewel cabinet --...--
1
Baranger ft Co.
Hartweck, E. -
Jouvin, M. X. - -
Matifat, C. S. - - -
Ditto - - - -
Pieron, L. - .. .
Saint Jean, M. - -
Andre, J. P. V. - -
Bourdon, E. - - -
Luce, P. N. - - -
f Sevres National Manu-
factory - - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - . -
Ditto - - - -
Rudolphi, M. - - -
Savaresse, P. - - -
Lautz, M. - - -
Vittoz, — - - -
Vittoz, — - - -
Durand, J, - - -
Durand, F. - - -
Durand, J. - - -
Froment, O. - - -
Froment, Meurice -
Ditto - - - .
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Krieger & Co. -
Laue, F. -
Oisin, J. -
Mercier, 8, - - -
Fries, H. - - - -
WettU, M. L. - - -
Patek&Co. - - -
Moglia, Cavaliere L.
Wyatt, R. J., the late -
Manley, General -
Ducci Brothers
Cantagalli, L. -
Barbetti, A. - - -
Ragnini, E. - - -
Ditto - - - -
Cherici ft Sons
Buoninsegni Brothers -
Delia Valle Brothers -
Ditto - - - -
Papi, C. - - - -
Vieira, M. J. -
Moratilla, D. F. - -
Zuluage, A. - - -
Royal Ordnance, Toledo
Ditto - - - -
Ysasi, D. M. de - -
Medina, D. M.
Gallegos, D. J.
Perez, — - _ _
Hillman, A. - - -
Thesen, J. P. - - -
Ditto - - - -
Hausen, M. - - -
Bissen, H. W. - -
Klingrey, C. G. - -
Jerichau, J. A. - -
Prichau, M. J.
Hjorth, Soren
{Imperial Polishing Ma-^
nufactory - - - /
France and Algiers
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Switzerland -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Rome - - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Tuscany
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Portugal
Ditto - -
Spain - - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Sweden & Norway
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Denmark -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Russia - - -
No.
761
807
803
923
957
090
1053
1108
1132
1360
1465
1477
205
15.W
1506
1505
1596
1609
1720
1741
65
72
96
221
237
274
20
16
32a
58
71
74
86
100
112
114
114
110
I'iU
261
264a
266
266
267
270
272
27lA
31
44
25
38
34
30
39
47
298
Pkge.
1217
1321
1222
1224
1225
1227
1229
1231
1240
1241
1246
1247
1250
1250
1253
1254
1258
1259
1270
1271
1273
1280
1281
1284
1286
1287
1295
1297
1299
1300
1318
1345
1346
1346
1351
1352
1357
1358
1359
1360
1376
LIST OF ILI.ITSTRATIONS.
xxiii
No.
761
807
803
923
957
096
1053
1108
1132
1369
1465
1477
205
v*ae.
1217
1221
1222
1224
1225
1227
1220
1231
1240
1241
1244]
1247
1250
Deicrlptlan of Illuitntioni.
1530 1250
1506
1595
1596
1609
1720
1253
1254
1258
1741
1259
65
1270
72
1271
96
1273
221
1280
237
1281
274
1284
20
1286
16
.
32il
1287
58
1295
71
1207
74
■ , .
86
._
109
1299
112
—
.
.
114
.
114
1300
116
1234
1318
201
1345
264a
1346
206
1346
266
—
267
—
270
__
272
_
27U
31
1351
44
1352
25
1357
38
1358
34
.^
39
1350
39
47
1360
298
1376
Specimen of wood mosaio ------
Speoimen of wood moaaio ------
Inlaid cabinet ---------
Candelabrum and jasper voae -----
Great vase in porcelain and jasper vase - - -
Porcelain table top --------
Great vase in porcelain - - - - -
Table in mosaic --------
Fireplace in malachite and or-molu - - . .
Large vases of malachite ------
Ornamental time-piece, in malachite - - - -
Large vase in malachite -------
Chair and table, part of a suite of furniture in mala-^
chite ----------J
Jewelleiy, brilliants and rubies - - - - -
Vase in malachite --------
Figures in silver and malachite - - - - -
Square bordered vase o' grey violet jasper - - -
Model of Warwick vase, in beaten copper - - -
Model of doors --------
Four medallions, commemorative of the wars of 1812-14
Droshki, for one person -------
Figures of Russian peasantry in silver - - - -
Clock and stand, design representing the ascent of ^
the first balloon -------- j
Large candelabrum, in or-molu - - - - -
Bronze candelabrum, with twelve solar lamps -
Goblet, vase, and bell, of gold and silver - - -
Specimens of articles of gold and silver plate
Candelabrum and two groups, in silver - - -
Tiara, brooches, &c., of brilliants - - - -
Articles in gold and silver plate - - - - -
Silver ornament, the pine tree - . - - -
Yaae and flagons, in gold and silver plate - - -
Ornamented hookahs -------
Falicor dress, embroidered in gold - - - -
Cross, carved in wood -------
Cross, carved in wood (obverse) - - - - -
Specimen of wood carving, after the old Byzantine style
Water jugs and bottles of Kanch earth - - -
Ornamented and embroidered Tunisian saddle -
Domestic implements of Tunis - - - - _
A carved and inlaid door ------
Specimens of Tunisian jewellery - - - - _
Arab tent, weapons, implements, &c. - - -
Curved Chinese table -------
Chandelier ---------
Patent centripetal spring chair - - - - -
Dunn's patent calonc engine ------
Model of the floating church at Philadelphia
A light carriage, called the " Gazelle" - - - -
Cabinet of Maryland products - - - - -
India-rubber life -boat -------
India-rubber pontoon -------
Air-warming and ventilating furnace - - - -
Name of Gihihitor,
-}
Ma
-■}
Miller, George
Ditto - -
Gambs , —
Krumbigel
( Imperial China Monu-
\ taotory
Ditto - - -
Ditto - - -
(Imperial Polisliing
nufaotory -
Demidoff, Messrs. -
Ditto - - -
Ditto - - .
Ditto - - .
Ditto - - -
Bolin & Ian -
Demidolf, Messra. -
Ditto . - .
{Imperial Polishing Ma-l
nufaotory of Kolyvan. j
Heke, D. - - - -
Tolstoy, Count
Ditto - - - -
Jakoleif Brothers -
Sazikoff, Ignace
Chopin, — .• -
Ditto - - - -
Shtange «(, Verfel - -
Sazikoff, Ignace
Ditto - - - .
Ditto - - - -
Kaemmerer & Zeftigen -
Sazikoff, Ignace
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
Saris & Rengoss
TriandaphyloB, Rev. A.
Ditto - - - -
Ditto - - - -
The Egyptian Government
The Bey of Tunis - -
Ditto - - - _
Ditto - - - _
Ditto - - - _
Ditto - - - -
Bowman, W. - - -
Cornelius & Co.
American Chair Company
Krricsson, J, - - -
Dennington, C. L. -
Watson, G. W. - -
Maryland Committee -
Goodyear, C. -
Ditto - _ -
Chilson, Richardson, & Co
Nun* of Plavs.
No.
Russia -
D<tto - ■
Ditto - •
Ditto - ■
Ditto - •
Ditto - ■
Ditto - ■
Ditto - •
Ditto - ■
Ditto - ■
Ditto - ■
Ditto - •
Ditto - •
Ditto - •
Ditto - •
Ditto - ■
Ditto - •
Ditto - ■
Ditto -
Ditto - •
Ditto - ■
Ditto - •
Ditto - •
Ditto - •
Ditto - •
Ditto - ■
Ditto - •
Ditso - ■
Ditto - ■
Ditto - •
Ditto - .
Ditto - ■
Turkey & Egypt-
Greece -
Ditto - .
Ditto . - -
Ditto - -
Egypt -
Tunis - - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - ■
Ditto - -
China -
United States
Ditto - -
Ditto - ■
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
Ditto - ■
Ditto - -
Ditto - -
209
297
287
318
298
323
322
323
327
329
328
344
366
365
370
366
370
360
50
59
347
43
51
59
83
82
24
46
85
146
350
361
;!71
378
417
1376
1377
1379
1380
1381
1383
1383
1384
1399
1406
1407
1411
1414
1415
1417
1424
1436
1438
1445
1457
1458
1459
1460
1462
xxiv
LOCAL COMMITTEES OP THE UNITED KINGDOM.
! t
A List of the Local Committees and Namks of Seciiktaries of tfu United Kinopom, which returned
Exhibitors and Subscriptiom to the General Fund up to the period of the opening of the Exhibition,
[Corrected to 20M September, 1851.]
PIMN.
m
flfcreltry
A mount paid
PUcei.
8«cr«t>ry
Amount polil
of Committee.
to CummlHloa.
of Commlttav,
to Commlwlun.
£.
s.
1
d.
Brentwood . .
1
Branfoot,J.H.,M.n.
£. «. d.
OHO
Mbtropolis.
i
Bridgenorth . .
Jones, William .
21 1 0
City of London . 1
Do. Ladies .
Cattley, Rev. S. R.
24353
17
9
Bridgwater . .
5
Smith, Rich., jun.
'.';< 10 0
Wire, D. W. . .
500
0
0
Bridport . . .
Brighton . . .
2
Colfox, ThiimiM .
50 0 0
Wcatmlnster
Drew, Geo. Henry)
* * J
0031
2
10
25
Clarke, Somers .
150 0 0
Do. Ladles .
Bristol . . .
52
Wilkson, John .
U50 0 0
Society of Arts .
Brentford . .
. .
1082
7
10
Bromsgrove . .
2
Maunil, Benjamin
Clark, George .
65
19
5
Buckingham . .
3
Nelnon, 0. . .
20 0 0
Chelsea . . .
Riidge, Rev. Edw.
100
0
0
Burnley . . .
1
Heelis, John . .
Chiawick . .
Wylde, W. H. .
78
3
7
Bui-ton-on-Trent .
1
Richardson, John .
113 3 0
Finsbury . •
James, Edward W.
205
4
0
Bury St. Edmunds
8
Holmes, J, H. ,
20 0 0
Hopwood, C. H.
Bury (Lancashire)
2
Norris, W. H. .
60 11 0
Greenwich . .
Nicholls, John W.
180
0
0
Buxton . . .
2
Bright, Selim
0 16 11
►
2897
Glaishier, James
Hammersmith .
RoberU, Alfred J.
38
1
4
Camborne. . .
1
BickfonI, T. S. .
37 5 0
Hampstead . .
Paxon, William .
25
0
0
Budge, J. H.
Kens ngton . .
Morris, John . .
299
13
0
Cambridge Univers.
Babington,C., M.A.
132 a 0
Maryleboue .
Greenwell, W. E.
500
0
0
Cambridge Town .
8
Gotobed, H. . .
17U 0 0
Poplar • • .
Bain, W. P. . .
Coleman, Edward
t!5
8
6
Canterbury . .
3
Harris, H. H.
Aris, John . .
South London •
Taylor, Robert .
G19
2
0
Cardiff . . .
8
Bird, Hugh . .
90 0 0
Gibson, William
Carlisle . . .
10
Nanson, John .
200 0 0
Southwark . .
Sturmv, Herbert .
Humphreys, John.
340
8
0
Chatham , .
Limbert, B. T. .
02 14 10
Tower Haralets •
155
12
2
Cheadle . .
3
Cattlow, John
Woolwich . . J
Graham, Geo. H. .
2u0
0
0
Cheltenham . .
Chelmsford . •
9
8
Gwinnett, W. H. .
Meggy, George .
Chancellor, Fredk.
100 0 0
83 14 0
Aberdeen . • •
43
Reid, W. L. . .
190
0
0
Abingdon . . •
3
Bartlett, A. D. .
9
2
6
Chcshunt . . .
3
Chaplin, J. B. .
8 0 0
Alloa ....
7
Wingate, John .
41
16
0
Chester . .
10
Maddock, J. F. .
02 10 0
Arbroatli , . .
i
Macdonald, John .
15
0
0
Chesterfield . .
8
Roberts, John .
Ashborne . . .
Bamford, John .
1
11
0
Chichester. . .
6
Mason, W. H. .
08 2 2
Ashburton . •
4
Leaman, T. L. Hunt
7
0
0
Chippenhom . .
3
Whurry, James .
20 0 0
Ashford . . .
2
Whitfield, W.. .
Alexander, Thomas
Ashton-under-Lyne
3
Gartside, Henry .
Cockermouth . ,
Coggesliall . ,
3
3
Benson, Rol'^rt ,
Clemancc, J. A, .
11 3 0
21 0 0
Bakewell . . .
7
Barker, James
Colchester . ,
13
Hayward, Robert.
GO 0 0
Bonburr . . .
12
Austin, G. B.
45
14
0
Colne ....
2
Hartley, H. W. .
20 0 0
Barnard Castis .
3
Monkhouse, J. C. .
11
11
0
Congleton. . .
Latham, John
24 18 0
Barnsley ...
le
Newman, Edward
132
0
0
Cork ....
22
Feath, G. C. . .
50 0 0
Barnstaple . .
a
Cotton, Richard W.
SO 15
0
Coventry . . ,
24
Skidmore, F. A. .
112 0 0
Millar, John May
Crayford (Kent) .
. .
13 2 0
Basingstoke • .
2
Shcbbeare, J. C. .
126
14
0
Crew kerne . .
17
Pearce, Joseph
10 0 0
Bath ....
45
Tunstall, Jos., M.D.
Akerman, William
200
0
0
Cricklaile . . .
Cupar. . .
1
Lovell, James
Duncan, W. , .
18 10 0
Batley (Yorkshire)
10
Jubb, Samuel . .
133
11
6
Bedford . . .
10
Pulley, Henry, jun.
115
13
2
Dulkeith . . .
1
Mitchell, Alex. .
0 3 0
Belfast . . .
63
MacAdam, J.,jun.
300
0
0
Darlington • .
9
Humble, Stephen .
50 0 0
Belper . ■ .
Ingle, Thomas .
60
0
0
Mason, George
Berwick-on-Tweed
2
Weatherhcad, R. B.
22
2
0
Deal ....
2
Reaks, Thomas .
5 17 0
Beverley . . .
4
Crust, Thomas .
93
3
6
Derby. . . .
37
Stevens, Henry J.
250 0 0
Bideford . . .
9
Carter, Charles .
10
0
0
Every, Fred. S.
Billericay . .
Tardrew, Henry .
0
15
0
Devizes . . .
6
Waylen, George .
13 4 0
Bingley (Yorkshire)
2
Passavant, P., jun.
152
10
0
Dcvonport
5
Norman, Alfred .
40 0 0
Birmingham .
230
Marshall, W. P. .
500
0
0
Woollcombc, T,
Bishops Stortford .
1
Glossock, John L.
Doncaster . .
3
Mitson, T. B.
123 13 0
Simpson, Thomas
Dorchester . .
3
Stone, J. . . .
14 14 0
Blackbuni. • «
8
Clark, W. J, D. .
650
0
0
Dorking . . ,
. .
83 18 0
Bodmin . . .
Bray, R. . . .
35
18
0
Dover . . .
6
Bass, T. B. . .
70 0 0
Bolton (Lancashire]
12
French, Gilbert J.
664
11
4
Stilwell, J.
Boston . . .
C
Bontoft, James A.
26
10
5
Driflfield, Great .
1
Conyers, E. D. .
35 0 0
Bradford (WilU) .
4
Merrick, W. . .
31
2
6
Dublin . . .
197
Porter, W. H. .
Bradford (Yorksh.)
57
Tee, Samuel L. .
1100
0
0
Fry, William
Taylor, George
Dudley . . .
6
Blackwell, John .
246 0 0
Braintree . . .
Cunnington, A. .
8
7
8
Dumbarton . .
Mitchell, R. G. .
80 0 0
Brampton. . .
Gralumi, John,M.D.
13
3
5
Dumfries, Burgh .
140 0 0
Brecon . . .
. .
70
4
0
Dunbar . . .
1
Shed, James . ,
11 9 8
LOCAL COMMITTEES OP THE UNITED KINGDOM.
n?
:>M, which rtturned
')0 Exhibition,
Amount (wlil
to Commialun.
£. «. (f.
G 11 0
21 1
23 It)
60 0
1,10
050
0
0
0
0
0
20 0 0
113 3
20 0
60 11
0 15
0
0
II
It
37 6
e
132 a
170 0
0
0
96 0
200 0
02 14
0
0
10
100 0
83 14
0
0
8 0
02 10
0
0
08 2
20 0
a
0
11 3
21 0
GO 0
20 0
24 18
50 0
113 0
13 2
10 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
18 10
0
6 3
50 0
G
0
5 17
250 0
0
0
13 4
40 0
0
0
123 13
14 14
83 18
70 0
0
0
G
0
35 0 0
246 0 0
80 0 0
140 0 0
11 9 8
I'Udm.
Si
StereUry
ofCummlttM.
Amount |)*ld
to CdmmlHlon,
Plwxs.
5]
■n
^acreUry
or Committee.
Amount paid
to Commiaion.
£. ». d.
£. *. d.
Dundee • • •
3
Milne, George
Monro, W, C.
100 0 0
Isit of Wight .
a
Eldrldge, James .
60 8 4
Newport . .
Heam, J. H. . .
85 0 0
Dunfermline . •
8
Kilgour, Alexander
133 1 0
Ryde . . .
1
Eldrldge, T, W. .
25 0 0
Dunniow . . •
1
Morris, F. J. . .
10 0 0
Cowes a ,
a
Manning, J. 0. •
60 15 6
DuuHtJible. • •
a
Oabom, Joseph .
Forster, J. H. .
11 0 9
Ventnor . .
Burt, John . .
5 8 0
Durham • • •
3
150 0 0
Jedburgh . . .
1
Laing, — . .
13 0 7
Edinburgh . •
K((ham . •
Elgin ....
Exeter . . .
137
«l
29
Tod, James . .
. .
Duff, Patrick . .
Brutton, Charles .
300 0 0
83 17 0
21 14 4
00 0 0
Jersey . . .
Keighley (Yorksh.)
19
a
Hilson, George, jun
La Quesne, Chas. .
Evans, George E.
Spencer, George .
Hudson, T. D.
Gandy, Gerard .
350 0 0
105 a 8
Kxmouth . . .
1
Adams, H.C.. .
17 15 0
Kendall . . .
7
no 10 0
Keswick • . .
2
Hall, Joseph . .
20 16 0
Fnlklrk . . .
6
Gentleman, Patrick
3 5 1
Kidderminster «
17
Hallen, Thomas .
226 7 6
Piilinuuth it Penryn
23
Rundell, W. W. .
30 0 0
Kilmarnock . .
7
Wilson, James
44 10 0
Fnrnliam . . .
5
Nicholls, Dei\j. .
21 0.0
Brown, Alexander
Farrlngdon . .
1
Crowder, G. . .
a 16 9
King's Lynn . •
• •
66 0 0
Knapp, —
Kirkcaldy. . .
5
Sang, William .
68 10 3
Fleetwood. . .
Stewart, J. . .
3 8 10
Knarcsborough .
12
Powell, S., jun. .
10 4 «
Folkestono . .
1
Brockman, R. T. .
38 6 0
Oliver, J. S.
Frome. • . .
3
Walters, Geo,, jun.
31 14 0
Lancaster . .
5
Dunn, W. . . .
76 13 10
Launceston • .
1
Gurney, Charles .
17 3 0
GalaihleU . .
12
Haldane, Robert .
60 0 0
Leamington . .
2
Hanbnry, John B.
33 a 4
Gloigoiv . . .
las
Johnson, William,
Liddell, Andrew
Strang, J., LL.D.
2400 0 0
Leeds. . . .
134
Wilson, Thomas .
Kitson, Jnmes
Cawood, Martin
1600 0 0
Olastonburf . .
8
Clark, J. . . .
10 0 0
Leek ....
10
. •
21 5 0
Gloaaop . . .
I
Ball, John . .
25 0 0
Leicester . . .
38
Stone, S. . . .
150 0 0
Gloucester . .
10
Fryer, K. H. . .
91 16 0
Wheeler, S. H.
Godnlming . .
4
King, Wiliinm .
Wilkinson, Josiah
2,3 1 6
Lewes. . . .
6
Lower, M. A. .
100 0 0
Gonport . . .
1
41 13 4
Lichfield . . .
4
Lomax, T. G.
33 15 6
Granthnm. . .
4
Ekin, Thomas .
Sharland, George .
59 8 0
Limerick . . .
12
Boyse, John . .
GraTcaend i .
5
17 16 0
Lincoln . . .
3
Mason, R. . .
56 13 0
Great Grimsby .
Danbeney, N. H. .
77 8 0
Liskeard . . .
3
Jago, Janyes . .
10 0 0
Greenock . . .
9
Hill, Ninian, M.D.
100 0 0
Liverpool . . .
Llanelly . . .
63
Grantham, John .
500 0 0
Macnaughtan, P,
Clugas, Thomas .
Le Lievre, Peter
9
Thomas, John .
126 0 3
Guernsey ...
14
271 19 6
Louth (Lincoln) .
2
Ingoldby, C. . .
28 S S
Luton . . .
1
Austin, C. . .
Guildford. . .
1
Haydon, S. . .
87 0 0
Macclesfield . .
6
Higginbotham, S..
150 0 0
Haddington . .
Halifax . . .
31
Roughead, D. . .
Carter, Richard .
Crosley, Frank
Brown. William
14 17 0
608 10 3
Maidenhead . .
Maidstone . .
Malmsbury . .
Manchester . .
1
21
191
Smith, James
Moncton, John .
Chubb, R. . .
Fleming, Hugh .
49 12 8
74 4 0
13 0 7
4000 0 0
Hartlepool . »
Harwich • . .
Hastings . . .
Hawick ...
1
20
20
6
Belk, Thomas
Chapman, Edward
Rock, James, jun.
Wilson, James .
35 0 0
80 0 0
19 19 5
Margate . . .
Market Weighton
Marlborough . .
Marlow (Great) .
2
7
7
Caveler, William .
Leighton, Robert .
Williams, Sir E.,Bt
Ward, W. Lakin .
63 3 1
3 0 0
15 4 8
8 9 0
HeUton . • .
3
Hill, Frederick .
19 10 0
Matlock . . .
1
Newnes, Rev. Mr.
Hemel Hempstead
1
Stallon, Samuel .
Melksbam .
a
Phillip, J. L. . .
30 11 0
Honluy . • .
Cooper, Samuel .
21 0 0
Melrose . . .
Erskine, James .
10 3 9
Hereford ...
11
Johnson, Richard.
72 6 6
Merthyr Tydvil .
Wolrige, John C.
!!05 14 4
Hertford ...
8
Longmore, P. . .
33 9 2
Middlesboro' . .
Gilkes, Edgar
Fallowes, William
45 0 0
Hitchin . . .
Goodwin, Samuel
19 5 8
Hong Kong . .
• •
131 5 5
Montrose . . .
a
Myew, G. C. . .
50 18 0
Honiton • . .
1
Derenish, Samuel
6 0 0
Homcastle
Weir, George . ,
12 11 6
Newark . . ,
7
Bumaby, F. F. A.
52 0 0
Huddersfield . .
70
Greenwood, Fred.
850 0 0
Newbury . . .
9
Roake, J. W. . .
50 0 0
Shaw, Joseph
Laycock, J. C.
Newcastle (Stafford)
8
Tomkiuson, W. .
3i 14 0
Newcastle-on-Tyne
76
Watson, Joseph .
446 16 0
Hull ....
27
Jacobs, Bethel •
227 12 6
Burnett, Thomas
Frost, Horace
Newnham(Glo'8ter)
1
Wlntle, James .
79 19 3
Huntingdon • .
1
60 2 6
Newport (Monm.)
10
Latch, Thomas .
60 0 0
Newport Pagnell .
1
Bull, W. B. . .
5 6 0
Northallerton
a
Jefferson, W. T. .
24 0 0
Hfracombe • .
Toms, J. , . .
7 4 8
Northampton . .
16
Rands, G., jun. .
55 0 0
Ipswich . . .
22
Notcutt, S. A. .
200 0 0
Norwich ...
35
Leman, R. . ,
400 0 0
Isle of Man, Douglas
13
• •
42 11 8
Willett, Henry
1 .
IBVt
LOCAL COMMITTEES OF THE UKITED KINGDOM.
PlaoM.
il
(hnratsry
Amount palil
riMw.
ij
Haenlary
Amoiint (Will
HI
orcommiura,
to Commlalaa,
111
of ( oiamlltM.
to CommUalon.
£. f.
</.
£. I. J.
Mottinghkm •
00
Enflstd, Willliftn .
Rnwion, (leorge
Hutler, Rev. VV. J.
200 0
0
Stirling . . .
10
Boyd, A, . . .
Morrison, P. 0.
83 14 1
Stockport . . .
4
Vaughan, John .
Crosby, John
400 0 0
Stockton I . .
11
70 0 0
Odihom (HnnU) .
Seymour, J. (1. .■
18 10
6
Laing, Joseph
/Koild, Richard .
1 Mann, J. P. . .
OMhnm . .
Rudclllfe, ileiiry .
75 0
0
Stonehonse (Ply-1
mouth) . . ]
Stourbridge . .
1
[ 15 0 0
Oawmtrjr • • i
f>
• •
2'J 10
0
Oxford , , .
27
VValker,R<iv.R,M.A.
150 0
0
17
(iil«on, (1. W. .
50 0 0
Hnier*, R. J.
Plowman, Joseph
Stroud • • .
13
Krtslon, W. A. .
92 lU 0
Sunderland . .
Candlisii, John .
150 0 0
Pitlaltf . . .
31
Martin and Hodge
126 8
0
Snowball, Wilfium
Pateley Bridge .
Vivian, Henry A.
12 0
0
Swansea . . .
10
Francis, G. U. .
105 0 0
Peniano* . . .
4
Pearce, Richard ,
Swindon . , .
• •
8 0 0
Perth . . .
'U
Held, Arcliibnld .
40 0
0
Oreig. William
Tamworth . .
2
Thompson, J. ,
41 18 0
Peterborough .
1
Ruddle, James
18 17
5
Taunton , . .
13
White, Ebles . .
65 2 U
Waite, Robert
Tavistoek . .
a
Luxton, R. . .
80 12 7
Plymouth. . .
8
Arthur, Oswald C,
110 12
0
Vosjwr, A. S. M.
Pocklington . «
Hornby, T. . .
4 11
f.
Tewkesbury .
Thomas, Joshua .
20 18 0
Poole . • . •
7
Welch, M. K. .
30 0
0
Torrington . .
. .
1 9 0
Portland . . .
, ,
10 0
6
Totnes . . .
3
Seaman, Hciry .
17 12 10
Portimoath . .
0
Deacon, Henry .
326 12
6
Tring. . . '.
Kaithftil, Hcnrv .
Simmons, G. », ,
2 15 0
Howard, John
Truro . , .
25
Preston . , .
4
Cartwright, S. .
250 12
7
Trowbridge . .
Tunbridge Wells .
3
41 3 6
Rnmsgate . . .
Iteiiding • • •
Ue<iruth . . .
4
17
Bnrgess, George .
Lovejoy, George ,
30 0
70 0
s
Uttoxeter . . .
Bladon, Thomas .
30 0 0
12
Peters, John L. .
Wakefield. . .
12
Witham, James .
279 5 6
Keigate . . .
9
MaHin, Peter. .
36 0
0
Walsall . . .
10
Newman, John W,
39 10 6
Kettbnl (Bant) .
3
Phillips, William .
Waltham Abbey .
3
Jessop, Lavetun .
24 0 0
Klchmond(Yorluh.)
3
Cooke, Leonard .
84 6
6
Wareham . . .
10
Filliter, Kreeland .
22 0 0
Klpon . . • .
4
Nicholson, R. W...
15 0
0
Kike, J.
Kochester . .
Prall, R. . . .
1 0
8
Warrington . .
7
Marsh, John F. ,
150 0 0
Homsey (Hanto) .
1
Daman, W. . .
16 13
10
Warwick . . .
7
Tibbits, Jumes .
60 0 0
Rotherham . .
8
Barras, John . .
40 0
0
Waterford . .
3
Nevins, Hugh N. .
Rugby . , .
6
Highton, Rev. H. .
16 16
2
Wellington (Salop)
1
Benson, J, • .
70 0 0
Runcorn . . .
1
Simpson, John .
22 14
6
Wellington(Somer8)
2
White, Fred. . .
Rye ....
1
Dawes, K. N. . .
Wells. . . .
Wentworth . ,
1
Davies, Robert .
38 11 8
5 0 0
SoiTron Walden .
5
Spurgen, Thomas.
20 6
0
Wexford . . .
12
Dillon, Rev. E. .
Salisbury . . .
2
Lee, L. Charles .
70 19
0
Whitby . . .
. 17
Cramp, W. H. .
46 10 8
Scarborough . .
5
Moody, J. J. P. .
29 0
0
Belcher, Henry
Sulby. . . .
3
Lowther, George .
18 16
0
Whitehaven . .
6
Armisteud, R. .
106 10 0
Standering, Thos.
Wigan . . .
4
Acton, Thomas .
160 0 0
Selkirk . . .
2
Rodger, Peter .
24 0
0
Winchester • .
2
Bailey, Charles .
90 0 0
Settle ....
4
Robinson, W. . .
4 0
0
Windsor . . ,
0
Voules, C. S. .
300 0 0
Wildnmn, John
Wirksworth . .
2
Whittoker, James
15 0 0
Sheemess . .
4
Keddell, J. T. .
21 10
0
Wisbeneh . . .
10
• •
02 13 6
Sheffield . . .
158
Plimsoll, Samuel .
500 0
0
Witlmm . . .
3
Walford, S., jun. .
Shrewsbury . .
13
Pidgeon, Henry .
282 0
0
Wolverhampton ,
35
Walker, Thomas .
200 0 0
Sidmouth . . .
Radford, George .
7 2
0
Wolvei-ton . .
1
Allen, J. G. . .
6 0 0
Slough . . .
Southampton . .
• •
38 15
0
Worcester. . .
20
Webb, Edword .
206 4 2
13
Deacon, C. E.
369 2
2
Purchas, Samuel
Southport. . .
Lewis, Richard .
5 18
0
Workington . ' .
5
Armstrong, George
6 11 5
Soutli Molton
Pearse, James .
13 18
6
Worthing . . .
Tribe, W. F. . .
30 0 0
Riccard, R. M.
Wotton-undcr-Edge
2
Foxwell, W. Guise
26 10 0
South Shields
8
Elliott, Robinson .
20 0
0
Stevenson, Alex.
Yarmouth, Great.
10
Palmer, C. J.
30 7 0
Spalding . . .
6
Watkinson, Henry
Yeuvil . . .
10
Batten, John, jun..
66 3 3
Stafford . . .
3
Turnock, James .
30 0
0
York ....
15
Munby, Joseph ,
103 6 3
Staffordshire Pot-I
teries . . J
4G
Battam, Thomas .
240 15
6
Sundry Subscrip-
Stamford • . .
7
French, William .
10 15
0
tions not included
• •
. .
307 18 7
St. Albans . .
7
Laflgley, Aid, •
50 0
0
elsewhere . .
St. Austell . .
St. Neota . .
17
1
Drew, J. II. . .
Wilkinson, J.
15 0
g
— —1^^
11 10
6
1
Total . .
0146
07,208 3 10
xxvii
TABLE FOR FAOII.ITATTNO REPRRENOE PROM THF
INDKXEfl TO THE OATALOOTJR,
lltM.
Amniint (Mid
lo Com ni Won.
__4^Bi
Shewiiuj the Clam, CVlont, or Forbion Countrt, anc' E&iiibitom' Numiikb, oh mch pagt.
UNITE') KINODOM.— Clamm Noh. 1 to :|0.
£. t. (/.
83 U 1
• •
'. 0.
ohn •
K«hlhlton'
RahlMton-
Hahlhllon'
NumlMn.
400 0 0
No. or ('(.*•■.
Numlwn.
v*»».
No, or CbAM.
Numbon.
1'^..
No. or Clam.
Vh*.
m
70 0 0
OoniDB THB
ItoS
113
ClamIu. - -
iloi
200
Clam y.^-contd.
9"' to 956
3.5U
i.h
^^^H
Hdii.uino.
0-19
114
(Vol. I.)
6-13
301
068 - 99a
260
»r.l .
1 15 0 0
(Vol. 1.)
20 - 37
115
14-31
303
903 - 1000
361
* • t
'^B
.38 - 53
116
33 - 48
203
W. .
60 0 0
54-71
IIV
49 - 70
20'.
CI.AM VI. - ■
1
303
.A. .
03 16 0
75 - 104
118
71 -91
305
(Vol. I.)
a -10
208
nhn .
16U 0 0
02-115
300
14-34
370
Viiriam
i^^B
116-132
307
25 - 39
371
a. .
J. .
105 0 0
8 0 0
41 18 0
CLAII8 I. - -
(Vol. I.)
1 -8
9-11
13-34
25 - 39
30 - 30
37 - 47
48-55
50-61
02 - 68
09 - 78
79-91
93 - 101
103 - 109
110- 138a
129 - 131
131a -1.37
138-154
155-163
164-176
177-187
188-198
199-310
211 -334
225 - 243
243 - 258
259 - 267
268 - 273
274 - 404
405-411
412-415
416 - 427
428 - 4.30
431 - 437
437 - 443
444 - 458
120
131
132
133
134
135
136
127
138
129
1.30
131
1.33
133
134
1.35
136
1.37
138
CLA88 IV. - -
133 - 138
139-103
1 -6
308
193*
195*
.30 - 44
■ . - 54
J -74
75
373
374
275
377
II . •
6.5 2 U
80 13 7
^^^H
(Vol. I.)
7-34
35 - 43
190*
197*
77
78-93
378
279
S. M. ■
44-49
1!»8*
94 - 132
340
khuil •
20 18 0
61 -04
199*
124-134
382
1 9 0
65 - 77
300*
1.35-151
383
'.ry .
eiiry .
.N. .
niM .
me* .
ohn W.
eton .
17 1-2 to
!2 15 0
41 3 e
30 0 0
270 5 6
30 10 tf
24 0 0
Ci^nV. - -
(Vol. I.)
78 - 103
104 - 105
106-114
115-126
126a- 135
IMG
137 - 139
1 -4
6-8
301*
303»
203*
304*
205"
2O0»
207*
210
311
\.
153-157
158-166
166 -3(M)
301
302 - 206
207-218
319-220
221 -228
330 - 308
310 - 400
384
385
280
287
291
292
293
294
295
297
eland .
32 0 0
150 0 0
60 0 0
139
140
141
142
10-14
16-23
34 - 35
37 - .38
212
213
214
215
401 - 404
406 - 408
410-424
426 - 44!
298
299
301
303
hN. .
• •
■ • •
rt .
70 0 0 S
38 U 8 9
143
144
145
146
39 - 46
48 - 57
58 - 70
76 - 82
218
219
320
321
442 - 454
455 - 460
462 - 604
605 - 606
303
.304
.305
306
E. .
1. .
jy
OS .
5 0 0 S
46 le 8 9
106 10 0 9
100 0 0 S
00 0 0 JB
.300 0 0 jH
147
148
149
150
1.59
161
162
164
88 - 100
101 -116
118-129
130-201
202 - 401
402 - 410
411-412
413-417
222
223
324
225
226
227
228
330
Clam VII. -
(Vol. I.)
608 - 631
1-6
7-13
14 -S6
' 29 - 31
32-42
43 - 53
63 - 56
307
309
310
311
313
313
314
316
tines
iin. .
nas ,
• •
d .
uel
eorge
iuise
15 0 0 !■
62 13 6 S
200 0 0 ifl
6 0 0 -^M
206 4 2 ^M
6 11 5 S
30 0 0 ,|H
26 10 0 . :WM
459 - 468
469 - 481
483 - 483
484
485 - 487
488 - 495
496 - 504
505 - 509
510-516
617-534
165
166
167
168
172
173
174
175
176
177
418
420 - 424
425 - 434
436 - 449
450 - 478
480 - 490
601 - 509
610-513
514-632
634 - 641
643
231
333
2.33
234
235
2.36
237
2.38
239
240
241
57-70
71-82
84-96
07-99
100
101 - 107
109-114
115-134
137 - 148
150-1.57
316
317
318
319
320
321
323
324
325
326
un..
h .
30 7 0 S
66 3 3 ^M
10:^ R A ^aH
]LA88 II. - -
1-7
185
• ,
550 - .564
666 - 609
610-618
242
243
244
158-176
176-192
193 - 205
328
329
3,30
W ^^"''^'^ '
7a
186
624
245
206 - 334
331
7-11
187
628 - 640
246
Class VIII. -
1-15
334
307 18 7 m
12-13
188
641 -654
247
(Vol. I.)
16-34
,335
14-21
189
655 - 674
248
35-59
336
1
22-33
34-42
190
191
681 - 69!
692 - 706
249
250
60-71
72-92
337
338
67,208 3 10
43-48
49-59
192
193
707 - 756
758 - 776
251
252
93-110
339
HI -127
340
-
60-68
194
777 - 784
253
128
341
69-77
195
801 - 804
254
129 - 136
342
78-90
196
805 - 824
255
136 - 143
343
-j^^l
91 - loa
197
826 - 858
256
144-149
344
103-111
13S
860 - 894
257
150
345
:l
112-126
199
895 - 926
258
151-161
346
I
1 til
zxviii
TABLE FOR FACILITATIKO REFERENCE!
No. or Clam.
Clmb VIII.-cone.
Clabb IX.
(Vol. 1.)
Class X. -
(Vol. L)
£xhibltan'
Numbvn.
tol73
-188
-194
-200
-an
-224
-238
-245
- 2.52
-257
-284
-302
-317
-335
-337
-353
13
28a
37
4U
49
63
78
86
93
108
123
127
128
135
140
142
150
151
180
182
193
215a.
230
233
239
241
246
255a
266
290
291
1-4
6-9
10-16
17-19
20-31
32-40
41 -53
64-55
56-57
60
62-67
68-87
90-113
115-128
129-144
145
146-161
162-188
189 - 202
204 - 210
212-220
233-2.54
254a - 263
264 - 270
271-285
286 - 290
29U-296
297
298-309'
162
174
189
196
201
212
225
238a
246
253
258
285
303
317a
336
338-
I-
15-
28b-
38-
42-
60-
65-
80-
87-
94-
109-
128a-
129-
136-
141-
143-
152-
181-
183-
195-
216-
232-
234-
240-
242-
248-
256-
267-
Plige.
347
348
349
350
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
380
383
385
387
388
389
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
422
426
429
430
431
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
No. or Clau.
Class X.—cont.
Class XI. - -
(Vol. II.)
Classes XII.XV.
("ol. n.)
Class XIII.
(Vol. n.)
Class XIV.
(Vol. II.)
ExhlbiUin'
Numban.
317to320
322
323 - 335
336-340
341 - 857
358 - 376
377-396
399 - 402
403-406
407 - 419
420 - 426
427
428
429 - 430
432 - 433
434 - 437
438 - 440
441 - 453
464 - 459
460 - 474
475 - 480
481 - 486
487 - 503
604 - 620
522 - 531
632 - 546
647 - 656
557 - 559
560 - 573
574 - 677
678 - 596
597-619
620 - 631
631a -634
635 - 655
656 - 664
664a - 672a
673-677
677a - 682
683 - 684a
685 - 688
689 - 700
702-711
712-730
732 - 741
743
1-14
15-44
46-60
61-65
1-15
16-47
48-80
81 - 109
110-129
130 - 139
140-146
147 - 165
165a- 178
179-201
202 - 222
223 - 247
248 - 266
267 - 281
282 - 304
305 - 469
470 - 501
1-3
5-24
25-43
44-G4
65-80
1-18
19-36
37-53
V*gt-
443
444
446
448
449
450
461
452
453
454
465
456
467
468
469
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
465*
466*
467*
468*
469*
470*
471*
472*
473*
474»
476*
477*
480
481
482
483
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
604
505
506
507
510
511
512
No, or Clam.
Class XlV.-«on(.
Class XVI.
(Vol. II.)
Class XVII.
(Vol. II.)
Exhiblton'
Numben.
Class XVIII.
(Vol. n.)
Class XIX.
(Vol. U.)
Class XX.
(Vol. II.)
CLkBB XXI.
(Vol. n.)
64 to 67
68-73
74-91
92-96
1-19
20-46
47-60
61-78
79-92
93-114
115-151
162-181
182 - 207
208 - 248
249 - 283
284 - 301
30U
302 - 327
328 - 332
1-22
83 - 25
26-41
42-48
49-76
77-94
96 - 123
124 - 142
143-164
165-171
172-175
176 - 194
195-200
201 - 210
1-26
27-38
39 - 56a
57-74
76-94
1-3
4-28
29-56
57-74
75-97
100 - 135
136 - 165
166 - 192
192a -217
218-249
260-271
272 - 309
310 - 336
337 - 371
372 - 390
391 - 403
1-2
3-8
9-16
16a - 35
36-46
46a - 61
62-80
81-91
92-111
112-128
128a - 146
147 - 168
168a -188
189 - 205
206-217
1 -4
5-24
25 - 39
40-49
Ttge.
513
514
616
516
618
519
520
621
623
523
524
525
526
627
628
629
530
534
535
538
639
540
641
643
544
545
.546
547
548
549
550
551
662
664
555
556
567
558
559
560
561
562
663
564
565
566
567
668
569
570
571
672
573
574
.575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
591
592
693
594
FROM THE INDEXES TO THE CATALOOUE.
XXIX
Exhibiton'
Numben,
r»ge.
(. 54to67
513
68-73
514
74-91
515
92-96
516
1-19
518
20-46
519
47-60
520
61-78
521
79-92
522
93-114
523
115-151
524
152-181
525
■ 182 - 207
526
208 - 248
527
249 - 283
528
284 - 301
529
SOU
530
302 - 327
534
328 - 332
535
1-22
538
23 - 25
539
26-41
540
42-48
541
49-76
542
77-94
544
96 - 123
545
124 - 142
546
143-154
547
155-171
548
172-175
549
176 - 194
550
195-200
551
201-210
552
1-26
554
27-38
555
39 - 56A
556
57-74
557
76-94
558
1-3
559
4-28
560
29-56
561
57-74
562
75-97
563
100-135
564
136 - 165
56r>
166 - 192
566
192A-217
567
218-249
568
250 - 271
569
272 - 309
570
310 - 336
571
337 - 371
572
372 - 390
573
391 - 403
674
1-2
575
3-8
576
9-16
577
16a -35
578
36-46
579
46a - 61
580
62-80
581
81-91
582
92-111
583
112-128
584
128a - 146
585
147 - 168
586
168a -188
587
189-205
588
206-217
589
1 -4
591
5-24
592
25 - 39
693
40-49
594
Exhibiton'
Exhibitor*-
Exhibitors'
No. or Clam,
Mumbtn,
Pige.
No. or Clau.
Numlien.
Pi^e.
No. or Clau.
Numben.
ftge.
Class XXII. -
ItoSO
596
Class XXIII. -
1
671
Class'xXVI.—
346to401
769
(Vol. n.)
31-45
597
(Vol. U.)
2tolI
673
continued.
402 - 528
760
46 -60a
598
12-14
674
529 - 534
761
62-64
599
15-25
675
535 - 536
762
65-84
600
26-32
676
85-94
601
33-34
677
Class XXVII..
1-17
764
95-98
602
35 -S7
678
(Vol. n.)
18-33
765
99 - 106
603
38-42
679
35-45
766
106a - 107
604
43-51
680
46-63
767
108-110
605
52-65
681
65-75
768
110A-1I5
606
66-79
682
76-85
769
116-127
607
80-86
683
86-89
770
128-138
608
87-88
684
90-97
771
139 - 149
609
89-94
685
98-112
772
150-158
♦610
95-97
686
113-121
773
159 - 170
611
98
688
122 - 124
774
171-182
612
99
689
125 - 127
775
183-186
613
100 - 105
690
128 - 144
776
187 - 193
614
106-111
691
194 - 204
615
112-113
692
Clarr XXVIII.
3-21
778
204a -211
616
115-119
693
(Vol. n.)
22-51
779
212 - 223
617
120 - 131
694
52-76
781
224 - 235
618
140
695
77-85
782
236 - 241
619
86 - 104
783
242 - 249
250 - 265
256 - 263
620
621
622
CLiBBXXlV. -
(Vol. 11.)
1-12
13-19
20-22
23-33
34-40
41-63
64-78
79-100
698
699
700
701
704
705
706
707
106 - 128
131 - 160
161 - 188
784
785
786
264-270
271-282
283 - 286
623
624
625
(TlassXXIX. -
191 - 200
1-3
787
789
287-292
293 - 300
626
627
(Vol. 11.)
4-32
33-50
790
791
301 - 309
628
51-68
793
310-316
629
69-95
794
317 - 323
630
Class XXV. -
1
709
96-115
795
324-330
631
(Vol. n.)
2
711
116-140
796
331-336
632
3-5
714
141 - 155
797
337 - C41
633
5a -6
717
156 - 170
798
342 - 345
634
7-9
719
171-196
799
346 - 349
635
10
720
197 - 226
800
350 - 354
636
11-14
722
228 - 267
801
355 - 360
637
15-20
723
270
802
361 - 370
638
' ■'
21-26
724
■
272 - 290
815
371 - 373
639
27-38
725
291 - 305
816
374-384
640
39-46
726
305A - 320
817
386 - 389
390 - 401
641
642
•
47-53
54-60
727
728
Class XXX. -
1-3
820
402-411
643
(Vol. II.)
5-23
821
412 - 438
644
Class XXVI. -
1-10
730
25.-48
822
438a - 443
645
(Vol. n.)
11-23
731
49 -65
823
444 - 446
646
24-48
732
66-76
824
447 - 451
647
49-67
733
77-89
825
452 - 481
648
69-76
734
90 - 109
826
482-486
649
77-78
735
110-111
827
487 - 495
650
79-85
739
lllA-123
828
496 - 523
651
87 - 110
740
124-147
829
524 - 534
652
111-124
741
148 - 166
830
535 - 545
653
125 - 132
742
167-189
831
546 - 553
654
133-143
743
-
190 - 215
832
554 - 560
655
144 - 159
744
216 - 224
833
563 - 592
656
160-164
745
225-232
834
!i94-611
667
165-177
746
232a - 241
835
612-637
658
178-180
747
242 - 250
836
638 - 641
659
181-187
748
251-268
837
642 - 643
661
188-192
749
269 - 288
838
644 - 645
662
193 - 198
750
289 - 300
839
646
663
199-211
761
301-315
840
647 - 658
664
211A-215
752
316 - 335
841
659 - 672
665
217-237
753
336 - 360
842
673 - 688
666
238 - 255
764
361 - 364
843
690 - 696
667
2,56 - 275
765
Sculpture
1-16
843
697 - 705
668
276 - 287
756
(Vol. II.)
17-49
844
754 - 798
669
288-313
757
50-73
845
799 - 810
670
314 - 345
758
74-80
846
XXX
TABLE FOR PACILITATINO RGFERBXCK
ALPHABETICAL LIST OP COLONIES AND FOREIGN STATES.
Nami or Placi.
Aloiem -
(Vol. m.)
Antipia -
(Vol. II.)
Austria -
(Vol. IIL)
Bahamas -
(Vol. II.)
Barbadofs
(Vol. n.)
Bavaria -
(Vol. m.)
I':xMh4ton'
Numben.
I to 10
11-18
19 - 4.'i
46 -66
07-73
Bkuiivbi - - -
1
(Vol. III.)
7
25
39
79
,
115
140
168
207
243
280
312
343
374
408
441
464
499
1
5
20
39
59
73
81
99
122a
141
168
183
200
233
266
287
298
324
341
362
363
376
400
409
435
444
484
518
558
588
602
620
634
648
667
696a
728
-4
-19
-38
-.58
-72
-80
-98
-122
-140
-167
-183
-199
-2.12
- 265
-286
-297
-332
-340
-361
-375
-399
-408
-434
-443
-483
-517
-.557
-587
-601
-619
-633
-647
-666
-696
-726
-748
1.
8-
30-
60-
79-
98-
-7
-29
-59
-78
-97
-102
-6
-24
-38
•78
-114
-139
■167
■206
-242
•279
-311
342
PKgO.
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
975
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
975
971
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
11.50
1151
1.52
1153
11.54
1155
11.56
157
1158
11.59
1160
1161
■373 {1162
■407 1163
■440 ^1164
■463 1165
Nahr or Vi,AO«.
Bermudas -
(Vol. 11.)
Bolivia -
(Vol. m.)
Brarii. -
(Vol. m.)
Bi-ilhh Oniatut -
(Vol. n.)
Canada -
(Vol. II.)
'498
-S12
1166
1167
Ceylmt
(Vol. 11.)
Channel Inlands
(Vol. II.)
Cbili
(Vox. III.)
Cbina -
(Vol. ni.)
i<:xhlhUon'
Niimlwn.
Denmark
(Vol. m.)
Eastern Archipelago
(Vol. n.)
Egypt - - .
(Vol. m.)
Falkland Islands
(Vol. 11.)
France -
(Vol. in.)
Itoll
12-24
25 - 45
46 - 59a
60 - 77
78 - 86a
87 - 98a
99 -11.5a
116-119
120-14811
149 - 164a
1
2 -18a
19 - 54
55-80
81
82 - 121
123-147
148-178
179 -.341
346 - 355
1
939
2
-6
940
7
-22
941
23
-33
942
34
-49
943
-
-
1429
1
-2
1418
3
1419
4
-6
1420
7
-10
1421
11
-16
1422
17
-18
1433
19
-32
1424
33
-38
1435
1
-4
1355
5
-20
1.156
21
-33
1.357
34
-38
1358
39
-47
1359
48
-53
1.360
-
-
988
1
-18
1408
19
-183
1409
184
-.336
1410
337
-391
1411
-
-
987
I
-7
11G9
8
-15
1170
16
-33
1172
34
-53
1173
54
-69
1174
70
-94
1175
95-
-114
1176
115^
-135
1177
p»g«
971
1429
1429
977
978
979
980
981
1<H2
983
984
985
986
987
958
961
962
903
964
965
966
967
968
969
937
Nami or Pt.AOC.
Francb— «on<i»M«(l,
KxhlUton'
Numbun.
136(0
161 -
177-
183-
211 -
S20A-
2:i6 -
253-
273-
295-
.309-
.327-
.349-
375-
.385-
394-
412-
424-
445-
479-
.505 -
519 -
552-
582-
601 -
627
643
665
689
708
727
744
762
778
799
822
8.50
881
894
916
934
965
996
1023
1048
1080
1107
1115
1144
1173
1195
1215
1241
1269
1296
1329
1350
1370
1390
1414
1435
1463
1477
1486
1515
1526
1549
1569
1587
1607
1620
1645
1671
1704
1725
160
176
182
210
220
235
252
272
294
.308
326
348
374
384
391
411
422
444
478
504
518
551
581
600
626
642
664
688
707
726
742
761
777
798
821
849
880
893
915
9.33
964
995
1022
1047
1079
1106
1114
-1143
1178
1181
1182
1183
1184
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1203
1204
1305
1206
1207
1208
1209
1311
1212
213
1215
1216
1317
1318
1319
1330
1331
1322
1233
1224
1225
1236
1227
1338
1329
1230
1231
1232
-1172 12.33
U94|l234
1314 13.3.1
1339
-1268
- 1295
-1328
- 1349
- 1.369
-1389
-1413
-1434
- 1462
-1476
-1485
-1514
- 1.525
- 1548
-1.568
- 1.580
- 1606
-1619
-1644
- 1670
-1703
-1724
-1741
12.30
1237
13.33
1339
1240
1?41
1242
1243
1'..'44
12A5
124,>
124','
1348
1249
12.50
1251
12.52
12.'-.3
1254
1355
1256
1257
13.58
1259
FROM THE INDEXES TO THE CATALOGUE.
xxxi
KxhlMton'
Numban. IV*-
i. 1 36 to 1 00
1178
161-176
1181
177-182
1182
183-210
1183
211 -220
1184
220a - 235
1187
2:iC - 252
1188
253 - 272
1189
273 - 2'J4
1190
2>J5 - .108
1191
309 - 326
1192
327 - 348
1193
349 - 374
1194
375 - .384
1195
385 - 391
1196
394-411
1197
412-422
1198
424 - 444
1199
445 - 478
1200
479 - 504
1201
.505 - 518
1203
519 - 551
1204
552 - 581
1205
582 - 600
1206
601 - 626
1207
627 - 642
1208
643 - 664
1209
065 - 688
1211
089 - 707
1212
708 - 726
1213
727 - 742
1215
744-701
1216
702 - 777
1217
778 - 798
1218
799-821
1219
822 - 849
1220
850 - 880
1221
881 - 893
1222
894-915
1223
916 - 933
1224
9.34 - 964
1225
965 - 995
1226
996 - 1022
1227
1023 - 1047
1228
1048 - 1079
1229
1080-1106
12.30
1107-1114
1231
1115-1143
1232
1144-1172 1233
1173 -U94 1234
1195-1214 12.35
1215-1239
12.30
1241 -1268
1237
1269 - 1295
1238
1296 - 1328
1233
1329 - 1349
1240
1350 - 1369
1?41
1370 - 1389
li42
1390 - 1413
1243
1414 - 1434
U>44
1435 - 1462
12.^5
1463 - 1476
124.>
1477-1485 124''
1486- 1514 1248
1515 - 1.525 1249
1526 - 1,548 12.50
1.549-1568 1251
l!)69 - 1.58C
12.52
1587 - 1606
12.'-,3
607 - 1619
1254
620 - 1644
12.55
645 - 1670
12.56
671-1703
1257
704-1724
12.58
725 - 1741
259
ExhIUton'
Kxhibiton'
Kxhibiton'
NAMiorPi.Ac(.
Number*.
l-nge.
Namk or I'LAOi.
Numben.
I'vo.
N/tMi or PkAOf .
Ni mbrn.
i;^.
Frankfort -
lto8
1121
Mecklisnbiisu-Scbwerin - 1
1134
Prussia— c«n<inu«(/.
202 to a 10
1059
(Vol. III.)
9-34
25-33
1122
1124
(Vol HI.)
Mexico - - -
1430
311-237
338 - 349
350-867
1060
1061
1083
Oreeck - - -
1-3
1400
(Vol. III.)
208 - 273
1004
(Vol. III.)
4-7
8-15
1401
1402
Montnerrat
(Vol. II.)
- -
976
373 - 384
385 - .305
1005
loco
10 - 23
1403
306 - 310a
1007
24-39
1404
Namau - - -
1
1131
.
311-319
1068
40 - 50
1405
(Vol. HI.)
2-13
1132)
320-331
1069
51-57
1400
'
.332 - 356
1070
58-02
1407
NKTIIKIlI.ANDa
1-8
1142
357 - 380
1071
Grenada - - -
(Vol. 11.)
- -
970
(Vol. IH.)
9-29
30-48
1143
1144
381 - 403
404-415
1073
1073
49 - 70
1145*
410-4.32
1074
Qibraltar - - -
_ »
947
71-81
1146
4.33 - 451
1075
(Vol. II.)
82-89
90 - 105
1147
1148
452 - 458
459 - 468
1070
1077
Qold Coast - -
(Vol. II.)
Hamduruii -
(Vol. HI.)
— "•
955
106-114
1149|
469 - 485
1078
1-9
10-45
11.30
1137
NeiB Brutuaick
(Vol. II.)
1-27
28-29
969!
970i
.
486 - 509
510 - 534
535 - 556
1079
1080
1081
46 - 04
05-98
11.38
1139
yewfonndland -
(Vol. II.)
- -
971
557 - 580
581 - 598
1082
1083
99 - 123
1140
I
599 - 622
1084
Hanover - -
. •
1133
New Granada
M _
1430'
623 - 642
643 - 662
1085
1086
(Vol. III.)
(Vol. HI.)
**
603 - 682
1087
Ug88b Oarmbtadt
(Vol. III.)
1-5
6-13
14-32
1125
1126
1127
Now South Wales -
(Vol. II.)
1-13
15-25
989
990
683 - 694
695-712
713-735
1088
1089
1090
India' ' - -
33 - 59
60-86
I.
1128
1129
860
Nmo Zealand -
(Vol. II.)
1-3
4-24
25-40
1000
1001
1002
-^
736 - 7.59
760 - 768
769 - 780
781 - 809
1091
1092
1093
1094
(Voi. H
II.
869
Nova Scotia
_
970
810 - 839
1095
III.
870
(Vol. II.)
840 - 867
1096
IV.
870
868-897
1097
V.
VI.
VII. VIII.
IX.
X.
907
908
909
912
913
NURENBURO -
(Vol. HI.)
Oldenbitroh - -
(Vol. HI.)
- -
1135
1135
Russia - - -
(Vol. III.)
1-4
5-6
7-9
10-14
15-21
1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
.
XI. to XIII.
XIV. XV.
XVI.
xvii.to XX.
XXI.
XXII.XXIII.
914
915
910
917
918
919
Papal States
1-14
1285
__
22 - 43
1367
(Vol. HI.)
15-24
1286
44-72
1308
*• .
Persia - - -
25-48
49-57
1-4
1287
1288
1496
■• , ■ •
73 - 106
107 - 141
142 - 162
163 - 187
188 - 225
226 - 256
257 - 286
287 - 320
1309
1370
1371
1373
1.373
1374
1375
1376
XXIV. to ]
XXVII. f
XXV III.
XXIX.
XXX.
921
922
926
(Vol. III.)
POHTUOAL - -
(Vol. HI.)
5-10
1-3
4-28
29-82
1427
1306
1307
1.308
■ ''T^
Ionian Islands -
1-2
947
83 - 136
1309
' "■ ■" "'■ *" ■- •
321 - 323
325 - 326
1377
1379
(Vol. 11.)
Jamaica - - -
3-6
948
971
137 -273
274 - 358
359 - 445a
1310
1311
1312
327
328 - 334
1380
1381
(Vol. n.)
LiiBECK - - -
(Vol. III.)
1-4
5-11
1140
1141
446 - 551
552 - 637
638 - 855
856 - 1022
1313
1314
1315
1316
Sardinia - -
335 - 349
350 - .365
366 - 376
1-11
1382
1383
1384
1302
LUXEMBOCRO -
_
1130
1022A-1126
1317
(Vol. III.)
12-38
1303
(Vol. III.)
1126A-1299
1318
39-68
1304
Madeira
1319
Prussia, &c. - -
1-2
1047
69-97
1305
(Vol. III.)
(Vol. III.)
3-18
1048
Saxont - - -
1-5
1104
19 - 35
1049
(Vol. m.)
6-23
1105
Malta - - -
1-24
944
36-57
1050
24-45
1106
* (Vol. 11.)
25-29
945
58-76
1052
46-64
1107
\
30-34
946
77-89
1053
65-89
1108
I Mauritius - - -
. ^
956
90-114
1054
90-112
1109
(Vol. II.)
115-136
1055
113-140
1110
137 - 153
1056
141-165
nil
Mecklenburo-Stre]
JTa
1134
154-180
1057
166 - 179
1112
(Vol. III.)
181 - 201
1058
-
180-188
1113
' In India tlie luticln ite dUtinguiahad by th« numben of the Catalogue only.
xxxii
TABLE FOR FACILITATINa REFERENCE, &o.
Eihibiton'
Eshlbiton'
' Exhiblton'
Namx or Plaoi.
Numbcn.
ftf..
NAMIorPLAOB.
Numbtin.
Page.
Mahi or Puoi.
Numbcn.
Page.
SociBTT Islands -
. .
1428
Sweden and
32 to 45
1353
United States —
65 to 73
1437
(Vol. n.)
NoBWAT— confer.
46-79
80-117
1353
1354
continued.
74-90
91 - 101
1438
1439
South Africa - -
ItoS
499
103-115
1440
(Vol. n.)
10-45
950
Switzerland
1-6
1265
116-140
1441
46-47
951
(Vol. Ill )
7-15
1266
141 - 146
1443
48-60
953
16-23
34-36
1267
1268
147 - 156
157 - 166
1446
1447
South Atutralia
>
991
37-53
1269
167 - 176b
1448
(VoL n.)
53-68
69-78
1270
1271
177-201
303-225
1449
1450
Spain - - -
1-6
1323
79-95
1272
337 - 343
1451
(Vol. ni.)
7
1323
96-112
1273
344-377
1453
8-11
1325
113-135
1274
•
378 - 308
14S3
12
1326
136-153
1275
309 - 325
1454
13-15
i337
153 - 156
1276
326-344
1455
16-17
1328
157-179
1277
345 - 3.^6
1456
18-20
1329
180-191
1278
357-361
1457
21-30
1330
192 - 208
1279
362-365
1498
31-45
1331
209 - 224
1280
366-374
1459
46-54
1332
225 - 241
1281
375 - 381
1460
55-79
\an»
242 - 257
1282
388-417
1461
80-98
1334
258-277
1283
418 - 440
1462
99-115
Anna
441 - 469
1463
116 -127b
1336
Trimdad - _ _
M _
972
470-4'.i3
1464
128 - 148
1337
(Vol. II.)
494 - 504
1465
149 - 157
1338
, ■
505 - 529
1466
158-176
1339
Tunis - - -
1-9
1412
530 - 548
1467
177 - 186
1340
(Vol. IL)
10-40
1413
549 - 580
1468
187 - 193
1341
41-49
1414
582 - 599
1469
194-215
1342
50-79
1415
f.
216 - 228
229 - 249a
249b - 263
1343
1344
1345
TUBEET - - -
80-189
1416
1385
Van DiemeWt Land
(Vol. II.)
1-9
10-65
66 - 130
131 - 186
187-226
227 - 289
290 - 330
331 - 348
349 - 350
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
St. Dokinoo -
(VoLIU.)
St. Helena - -
264 - 275a
276 - 300
1346
1347
1428
955
(Vol. m.)
TnSCAHT - . -
(Vol. ni.)
1-7
8-16
17-19
20-30
31-57
1290
1291
1292
1293
1294
(Vol. II.)
•
58-61
62-71
72-89
1295
1296
1297
WvrteMburo
1-n
1114
St.Kitti - - -
w _
976
(VoL m.)
13-33
34-64
65-78
79 - 105
106-110
1115
1117
1118
1119
1120
(Vol. n.)
St. VSneent - -
(Vol. U.)
- -
975
«
190 - 109
110-114
115-121
122 - 123
1298
1299
1300
1301
Sweden and
1
1348
Uniteu States -
1-17
1433
Western Africa
1-5
952
Norway.
2-7
1349
(Vol. m.)
18-37
1434
(Vol. II.)
5a
953
(Vol. in.)
8-24
1350
38-49
1435
5B-19
954
25-31
1351
50-54
1436
20-24
955
' Exhtbiton*
NnmlMn.
P»ge.
^_
B5to73
1487
74-90
1438
91 - 101
1439
lOa-115
1440
116-140
1441
141 - 146
1442
147 - 156
1446
157 - 166
1447
167 - 176b
1448
177-201
1449
202 - 225
1450
227 - 243
1451
244 " 277
1452
278 - 308
1453
309 - 325
1454
,.
326 - 344
1455
345 - 356
1456
357 - 361
1457
362 - 365
1458
366 - 374
1459
375 - 381
1460
382-417
1461
418 - 440
1462
441 - 469
1463
470 - 4'.i3
1464
494 - 504
1465
505 - 529
1466
530 - 548
1467
549 - 580
1468
582 - 599
1469
and
1-9
992
10-65
993
66 - 130
994'
131 - 186
995
187-226
996
227 - 289
997
290 - 330
998
331 - 348
999
349 - 350
1000
_
1-11
1114
12-33
1115
34-64
1117
65-78
1118
79 - 105
1119
106 - 110
1120
,
1-5
952
5a
953
Sb-19
954
20-24
955
ALPHABETICAL AND CLASSIFIED
LIST OF ARTICLES
DESCRIBED IN THE CATALOQUB,
Jlf«iiuraii<ii(m.— Penoni consulting thii Index vill Hnd that the utiolei contained therein ue imnged ucOTding to a principle by which the
whole of a aeiies of the aame apecica are grouped together u far ax practicable. E». gr, ; Under " Magneaia " will lie found " tiagneaia,
Bl-carbonate of," " Magneaia, Sulphate of," and so on. Under " Railwaya" will be found " Hallway Axlea," " Railway Uara," &c. &c.
The referencea following each Article diatinguiah— I. TheClaaa in the United Kingdom, the Colony, or Foreign Country in which the
aame will be found, and Name of Exhibitor } and 2. The number in the CatUogue borne by the entry to which the same is prefixed.]
Ab§ynthium — Sardinia, Saluce, 10.
Accident Detector — v. Angua, 716.
Accordions— ilustrta, Reinisch, 163. Steinkellner, 164.
Zotlverein (1 ), Wagner and Co., 701 . (3), Zimmerman, 24.
Accordion-Stand — x. Faulkner, 630,
Account Books— xvii. Cowan & Sons, 101. Harris &
Galahin, 373. Knighl, 86. Rock & Co., 108. Roy-
slon & Brown, 2US. Waterlow & Sons, 46.
C/iina, Copland. France, Gaymard and Gerault, 518.
United States, Ilerrick, 502. M'Adami, 482. Sibell
& Mott, 339. See also Ledgers.
Accoutrements, Military— Sw Military Accoutrements.
Accumulator— V. Armstrong, 44.
Acetic Acid — Austria, Wagenmann & Co., 19.
Acolyte (Patent Safety Candle-Cap) — xxix. Jones, 95.
Aconite and its Preparations— ii. Hopkins & Wil-
liams, 41. Morson & Sod, 106. India, ii.
Spain, Tabala, 129.
Acorns- i^ain, 93, 115.
jSlodian — ZoUverein (1), Baltzer, 82.
.^OLIAN FiTCHPiPES— X. Greoves, 503.
.^OLiAN Violin Mute— x. Greaves, 503.
.Colophon — x. Sturer, S29.
Aerating Machines— i9e« Soda-Water Machines. Votes,
Syphon (for Aerated Waters).
Aerial Currents Regulator — xxii. Edwards, 241.
Aerial Machines (Models) — x. Brown, 713. Graham,
233. Plummer,716. Sadd, 301— .S'eealso £a;;oon«,^c.
Aerial Tinting— xxx. (Fine Art Court) Concanen, 2.
Agates- I. Dyer, 10. Gelling, 139. Tolan,22. xxiii.
Morel & Co., 117. Canoed, Logan, 1.
India, I.
ZoUverein (1), Eifler ic Co., 891. Gorlitz, 890. Keller
& Co., 8tj8. Wild & Robinson, 889.
Agave ViB&ti—Barbadoes. THnidad, Ix)rd Harris.
Agon, The Game of — xxix. Peacock, 193.
Agra Marble (inlaid)— xxvn. Stewart, 33.
Agricultural Implements — ix. 1 to 279. xxi. Wal-
<lrun & Sons, 1 7. xxiI. Uutterley, 240. Hutton, 166.
Keep & Watkin, 76. Slagg, 158. Waldron & Sous,
17, 185.
Austria, Horsky, 123. Magui, 126. Prince Lolikcwifz'i
Agricultural Implement Manufactory, 124. Riesi-
Stailhurg, Baron, 125.
Belgium, Claes, 163. Delstanehe, 0 1 0. D'Omalius, 171.
Romedenne, 165. Scheidweiier, 164. Train, 167.
Canada, Glassford, 89, Skinner & M'CuUocb, 88, 90.
Ceylon. Denmark, Andersen, 15. Egypt, 169-174.
France, Batailler, 412. Bodin, 426. Jerome, Brothers,
ft49. Lebert, 569. Mittelette, 1661. Moysen, 467.
Schneider & Legraud, 1001. Vachon & Co., 705.
India, vi. ix.
Netherlands, Ce»a.\xx,%9. Hesselink, 66. Jeiiken, 74.
Portugal, 633. Switzerland, Chollet, 70.
United States, Allen & Co., 97. Emory & Co., 148.
Gates, 423. Gating, 162. Hussey, 65. McCormick,
73. Smith, 86. Wells, 107.
Western Africa, Jamieson, 22.
ZoUverein (1), Sprengel & Co., 67. Stolle, 65.
(6), Hesse-Darmstadt Board of Agriculture, 1 3.
See also Barley Aveler. Carta and Waggons, Chaff-
cutting Machines. Churns. Cultivator, Drill Grub'
bers. Drill Ploughs. DriUs. Fanuing-mill. Farm
Buildings. Gorse-cutting, ^c. Machine, Grass and
Hay-cutting Machines. Grubbers. Harrows. Hay-
making Machines, Hay and Straw-cutting Machines.
Liquid Manure Machines. Mowing and Heaping Ma-
chines. Oil-cake Mill. Ploughs, Scar\fiers. Scythes.
Seed-dibbling, ^c. Machines, Shearing Machines,
Steam- Engines, Agricultural. Subsoil Pulverisers,
Ihrashinq Machines, Turnip-cutting Machines.
Vley Cultivators, Winnowing Machines,
Agbicultural Models — Austria, Camiolian Agricultural
Society, 127.
United States, Bryant, 171. Mix and Gardinier, 96.
Air Conductor — vii. Cochrane, 158.
Air Guns. See Guns, ^c.
Air Pontoons — United States, Armstrong, 219.
AiB Pumps and Engines — v. Parsey, 091. z. Bryan,
408. Heywood, 404. Newman, 674. Orchard, 161.
Varley, 257. Yeates, 332.
Denmark, Nissen, 20. France, Breton, Brothen, 1113.
AiB-TiOHT Bed Chair — xxviii. Hancock, 83.
Air-tioht Bottles — v. Stocker, 422.
Air-tight Jar — xxii. Hampden, 612.
Air-tight Taps — xxiv. Sliephard, 8.
Aire Cast-Iron Bridge (Model) — vii. Leather, 107
(Main Avenue, West).
AnusH Mow (for the preservation of com in rainy seasons)—
IX. Jones, 52.
Alabaster (Stalactite or Stalagmite) and Alabaster
Articles — Cundy, page 848. l. Monteiro, ISO.
Whituker, 53. xxvii. Hall, J. & T., 37, 38. Egypt,
1-5.
Greece, Greek Government, 49. India, J,
Hiscany, Cherici & Sons, 100. De Larderel, 24. Fon-
tina, 122.
ZoUverein (1), Finsch, 211.
Alabaster Fountain — ZoUverein (5), Tacchis & Co., 21.
Alababteb Paintings — Switzerland, Schceck, 251.
Aiababteb Tazza. — £ome, Tommaio della Moda, 19
(Main Avenue, East).
[Official Illustbateo Catalogue.]
d
xxxlv
ALPHABETICAL AND CLASSIFIED LIST OP ARTICLES
Nsylur, ]9<J. Sm alto
xni. Savage, 46.
AiABM OcN8— vin. Carroll, 231
Alarum Oiitu.
Alardu Bedstead*— X. Jonet, 696,
Alarum Bells— xxn. Lea, 665.
Belgium, Voii Hecke, <18t>.
Alarom (iHMS— IX. Oillett, 78. Warren, 257. Sm alw
Alarm Gum.
Alabobis (for Clocki, &c.)— x. Baker, 396. xxiii. Martin,
Baikett, & Martin, 2. France, Pierret, 330.
Alarums (lor Ho>ite», &c.)— viii. Carte, 29. x. Darnell,
383. XXII. Cuoke, 379.
ALBERT, H.B.H. PRINCE, Equestrian Statue o^
Wyatt; page 853. Electrotype Uuit of, Elkington &
Co., page 848. Portrait of, in Sivret China, Main
Avenue, Bait, 97. Butt of, in liac, I. Vieille Men-
tagne Mining Company, 437. Portrait of, woven in
lilk, XIII. CroM, 32. Statuette of, in tilver, XZIII.
Ziinm(>rinan, 80. Portrait of, on jewel-caie, xxx. (Fine
Art Court) 33.2. Deiign for moimmeut to, Bennett,
268.
Albert Street, iuMe End, New Town, Model of dwell-
ingi of Artixans at, vii. Metro|)olitan Auociation fur
Improving the Dwelling! of the lndu«trioui Claitet,
172.
Albumen — Auaria, Engelmann, 22.
Albumen o» Blood— JV«nce, Boyer & Co., 71.
Albumen ntoM Eoos — Fratux, Aleun, 1S38.
Albums — Belgium, Parent, 278.
France, Oo<lefroy, 1722. Pilout, 681.
Smtterland, Spaliiiger, 253.
iZ'o//t)er««»(l), Gebliordt, 248. Leiiegang, 149. Beiiaer,
748. Schoening, 134. (2), BiicholT & Co., 98.
Alcohol — France, L«febv > Brother!, ft79. Maiie & Co.,
317. Portitgal,i\t.
Alrambra, The (Piece of the Wall oCy—Spaifi, Yeaei, 284.
Alimentary Preserves— /Vane?, Appert, 731. C^net-
Sauuiere, 791. Chatelain & Boeiet, 797. Chevet,
121. Cloet,456. Cuvillier, 469. Du Liicolt ft Son,
1328. Dupoi, 120i. Duraiid, 1596. Feyeux, 209.
Gillet. 321. Gremailly, 246. Groult, 530. Ouihery,
Deslaiidellea, &Co., 1202. Hou!!ard, 1626. Levraud,
394. Maguin, 1337. Maraon, 1.348. Noye, 1372.
Pcneau, 930. Philippe & Canaud, 936. Rodel &
Son, 992. Rouchier & Son, 994. Seyeux, 1486.
Sigaut, 1487. Thoi«1, 1041. Vidal, 727.
Canada, Bruniden & Co., 17.
Zubeck, Cantene, 2. Net/ierlands, Jan!!en, 19.
Sussia, Ejoff, 80. Tunis, 89, 90, 134, 137, 138.
Zotlverein (I), Forthmann, 16. Weill, 20. See alio
Amazone. Provigions, Preserved.
Alkau — St. Helena, Agricultuml Society, 2.
Alkali Salt — n. Ward & Co., 34
Alkaloid Beberine — il Howard! & Kent, 11.
Allots — i. Jordan, 487. Stirling, 428.
Almanacks — vn. Holland, 132. xvii. Hume, 186.
Almond Oil— iv. Hrotherton & Co., 23.
Portugal, 487-489.
Aloe (maiiufacture<l epecimens oO — Gibraltar.
Aloe-Fibre Stuffing (for Furniture) — Belgium, Hau-
!eiii-Hap, 257.
Aloes and its Preparations — ii. Lamplougli, 71.
Smith, T. & H., 94. Ceylon.
ALo^a TuiiEAD Cloak — Algeria, Bernardon, 8.
Alpaca Fabrics— xii. & xv. Blii!, 270. Craven &
Harrop. 133. Dalby, 152. Firth & Soni, 37. Mil-
ligan & Son, 140. Salt, 139. Schwann & Co., 141.
Senior, 476. Walker ft Sou!, 87.
Belgium, Decock, 221.
Alpine Plants— ZoMoerein (1), Heckel, 430.
Altar Furniture— xxvi. French, 1 10. Poneonby, 199.
Pratt, 196. See also Ecclesiastical Furniture.
Altar-pieces (Painting, Sculpture, &c.) — xxvi. Carter,
185. Thoma», 277.
Altar Screen, Chairs, &c.— Jordan, page 831.
Alto-beuevos — France, Kirstein, 281.
Alum and ns Preparations— ii. Copner, 118. Hurlet
& Campsie Alum Cumiiany, 13. Moberley, 17 (Main
Avenue, Weit). Pattinson, 18 (Main Avenue, West).
Spence, 7. Wilaon, 6 (Main Avenue, Weat).
ilu«(rta, Hochbeyer, 14. Mietbacb, 1. Egypt,3^\.
France, Uouxwiller Mine! Joint Stock Co., 376.
ladia, I. Btme, Pellegrini, 27. Sneider, 3.
Jitttda, Itchegolair, 336. Sclilippe, 27.
Spain, Miiuraudy, 40. Turkey.
Tuscany, 5. Volterra Bolt Manufactory, 2.
United States, DavidMin, 361.
Van Diemen's Land, Bicbeno, 204.
Zollverein (1), Bleibtreu, 313. Haikort, 876. Proirian
(Chemical Manufactory, 683. SohwemMtl Alum Workii
463.
Amadou— Zo/Zfwetn (1), Becker, Sopp, & Co., 471.
Amazon, The (Group in xiuo)— ,2b/i«erem (I), Kiii, 279
(Main Avenue, East).
Amazonb, or Essence of Meat— hi. Woniner tt
Soyer, 21. Bussia, Schetverikoff, 187.
Amber— xxix. Fletcher, 244.
Zi>/(verein(l), Hoffmann, C. W.,439. Hoffmann, O. F.,
440. Maniiheimvr, 438. Roy, 441. Teaeler, C. L.,
41. Teisler, D. F., 40.
Amber, Oil of— ii. Godfrey & Cooke, 92.
Amber Ornabients— TiirAey.
Zollverein (1), Jantien, 2U3. Winterfeld, 204.
Amber, Salt op— GodfVey It Cooke, 92.
Amberqris — II. Godfk«y and Cooke, 92.
Ambulance, Medioo-Chiruroical— x. Veitch, 6.
Ammonia— II. Godfrey & Cooke, 92. xxn. UoUiday, 448.
Moberley, 17.
Ammonia, Henzoate of — ii. Hopkins & William!, 41.
Ammonia, Carbonate of — xxii. Holliday, 448.
Ammonia, Hvdrochlorate of — India, u.
Ammonia, Muriate of — u. Brown & Co., 7c. xxn.
Holliday, 448.
Ammonia, Sulphate of— n. Brown & Co., 7o. Wilion,
6. XXII. Holliday, 448. France, Digeon, 1390.
Anatomical Figitbes and Models — x. Gordon, 639.
Highley, 727. Simpson, 624. Towne,6-.'5.
France, Auious. 13. Carteaux & Cbaillou, 792, Maii-
tois, 602. Zollverein (2), Fleiechmaii, 71.
Anchors — Western End, North Bnclo!ure(Outtide), Rodger,
33. Loiigridge & Co., 37. Brown, Lenox, & Co,, 58.
VIII. Allen, 292. Bowen, 323. Brown, Lenox, &
Co., 61. Exall,3. Hely, 14. Honiball, 95. Ingle,
field, 90. I.ongridiie ft Co., 333. Rodger, 336.
Smale, 91. Wood & Co., 102. xxii. Wood, Brothers,
73. iSee alio Cables. Chain-cabUs.
Anchors, Machines for raising— vni. Robinson, 100.
See also Capstans,
Ancient Writings <fac-similes of )— xvn. Harrison, 203.
Anemometers— Adcock, 364. x. Gowland, 27.
Belgium, De HennauU, 183.
Zollverein (1), Kruger, 69.
Angle>meter — X. Cox, 347.
Angola Cloth— xii. ft xv. Harris & Fison, 145.
Midgley, Brothera, 99. Scott & Wright, 1.
Akhvorous Steam-engine — ^v. Haycraft, 151.
Animal lihkCK.— Belgium, Segher^ 110. Ventraeter, 108.
Annunciator, Jackson's— C/nt(«f States, Brooka, ^2.
Antimony and Antimony Ore— l Hallett, 481. Lii-
keard Committee, 513. ii. Howard! & Kent, 1 1.
.i4u8(rta, Gelisberger, II. Siolleny, 12. Siego, 10.
India, I. Portugal, Perseveranca, 14.
Spain, The Iniiiector of Mines at Saragossa, 11.
Tuscany, Mejean, 13. Western Africa, Jamieson, 22.
Zollverein (I), Maegdespruiig Works, 683.
Anti-Sargassian Conservative Paint— ii. Peacock,
73.
Antwerp (Plan of)— Belgium, Valerius-Jouan, 432.
Anviu— XXII. Arniitage, M. ft H., 130. Sanderson, 226.
Stirk, 74. Warden, 368.
Aperitive Fountain — ix. Read, 89.
Apiahies. See Beehives.
Apparel, i^ee Wearing Apparel,
Appenzell Mountains (Model in relief)— 5ivt(zer/aR(f,
Schoell, 252.
Apfold'b Self-regulating Friction Break— v. Bo(-
ten, 429.
Aquatic Velociheter— C/m'(ed States, St. John, 534.
Arab Tents— rHnt's, 82,
ARABESQin: Decoration— xxvi. M'LacUan, 337. Smith,
341. %ttn,Cuntreras, 283.
DESCRIBED IN THE CATALOGUE.
XXXV
ai. Robinwn, 100.
Krusr
VFiWowo
ania Railroad
See alio
House Deco-
Arbela, Battle of (copper eniboMcd tableau) — Avstria,
Szent|ieetrij, 729.
Abbutus-wood Ornaments— XXIII. Connell, 16.
Archil — See Orchil.
Arcbimeoean Aohicultubai. Machine— IX. Murphy,
38d.
Archimedean Screws (fur railing fluid*, &o.) — t. Beere,
467. Belgium, Van Burkhoveii, 003.
Arcbitectubai. Models, &c. — xxvi. Bielereld, 1 57. Jack-
son & Soni, 5. Jonei & Co., 330. Norwood, 314.
Pugin, 529. xxvii. Keene. 10. Steveni & Sum, 24.
XXX. (Fine Art Court) Clarke, 34aA. Coullon, 342.
Day, 161a. Gorringe, 164. Herwitz, 347. NiclioU,
272. Potter, page 8Sa. Smith, 211, 213. Ta1bot,349.
' Austria, Moiitanari, 738. Belgium, Jooitens, 457.
Bf'tish Guiana, Barkly, 81. Ceylon,
France, Flacberun-Hayard, 836. Traven, 1044.
India, xxx. Oldenburgh, Caiseboli, 1.
Trinidad, Lord Harrii. Sorzauo.
7>(scany, Ducci, 82. Mazietti, HO,
United States, Baihain, 315. P<"
Company, 327.
Zotlverein (1), Boesche,
Church Architecture, Lnui
tions. Mouldings,
Argentiferocs Galena. See Lead, Sulphuret of.
Argilla Knobs — United States, Dean, Amus, & Co., 101.
Argol — South Africa, De Villieri, 2.
Arm-holder for Guns — Thnis, 58.
Arm-pad (for Tailors)— xxvni. CoUingi, 120.
Armatures— X. Joule, 440.
Arming Press (fur Bookbinders)— vi. Sberwin, Cope, &
Co., 104.
Arminius, Prince of the Cheruskers, Statue ot—Zoll-
verein (1), Cauer, 431 (Mnin Avenue, Kast).
Armorial Bearings (Deiigns, oQ— xxvi. Clarke, 127.
■See alio Heraldic Engraving.
Armour — India, viii.
Army Cuyrmsa—Zollverein (1), Mentzel, 91. See alio
Military Accoutrements. Regimental Trousers,
Aromatic \ ineoar — France, Brunier, Leuormaud, & Co.,
75.
Arrowroot— III. Brown & Polion, 123. Miller, 127.
St. Etienne, 138.
Bermudas, Gray. British Guiana, Garnett, 31 & 32.
Ceylon. China, East India Company. India, in.
Jersey and Guernsey, Martin, 26. Montserrat,
Trinidad, Lord Harris.
Van Diemeris Land, Deniion, Sir W. T. 25.
Western Aj'iica, Trotter, 5. Weiton 1.
Arrows. — See Bows and Arrows.
Arsenic and Arsenical Compounds — i. Garland, 488,
Jenkini, 502. Pattinion & Cain, 497. il. Jenkins, 43.
Austria, Volderauer, 13. China. Fronce, Brierc, 438.
India, ii. ZoUverein (1), Guefller, 6.
Arsenic, Instrument for testing — x. Morton, 285.
Artesian Well Uoring Apparatus— vi. Beart, 301.
Artificial Flowers— /See Flowers, Artificial. Flowers,
Wax.
Artificial Fuel. See Fuel, Artificial. Steam Fuel.
Artists' T00IJ9, Materlam,&c.— ii.Winior&Newton, 28.
XVII. Bowden, 63. xxvi. Boadella, 193. xxx.
(Fine Art Court) Harvey, 31. Hopley, 296. Rowney
&Co., 3. Woin&Sou, 129.
jFwnce, Fontana,205. Leblond, 1301. See Hio Brushes,
Artists'. Canvas for Painting. Colours, Artists'.
Crayons. Drawing Instruments. Lay Figures.
Zollverein (\), Karcher, 877.
Abbestus— CanaJa, Logan, 1.
Ashlar Stone— i. Thome, 476.
Asphalte — Eastern end (outside),
229. Cana</a, Logan, I.
France, Dufuur, 485. Henning, 1.
New Brunswich, Gou\d, Por(uoa2, Goulard, 25. Sub-
serra, 23. Borne, Posquoli, 2.
Spain, Inspector of the Soria Mines, 28.
Aspualte Roofing Felt— vii. Croggon 8f Co., 1 10.
Assay Balances— x. De Grave & Co., 333.
Assaying Materials and Process— i. Malhison. 479.
Pattiiuon, 480.
I. Seyiiel Asphalte Co.,
Astronomical Instruments— X. Bateman, 187. Brake,
354. Elliott & Sum, !)20. Reade, 2S4a (Main Ave-
nue, West). RoM, 254 (Main Avenue, West).
France, Vedy, 719.
ZoUverein {I), Tiedc, 78, (2), Ertel, Trangntt, & Sons, 25.
Sse also Astroramas, Chronoylobium, Clocks, Astro-
nomical. Clocks, Geographical, Eclipse Iiiaicatort.
Lunarians, Periphans. Planispheres, Sextanta,
Telescopes, Urantum.
Astroramas— X. Matthews, 193.
Atlases— XVII. Wyld, 1 75.
Atmopyres — XXII. Edwards, 241.
Atmospheric Propeller — v. Eccleshall, 132.
Atmospheric Recorder (for registering changes in (he
atmuspliere) — x. Dollond, 145.
Autochronooraphs — x. Thomwin, 80.
Autographic Presses — vi. Watsrlow & Sous, 161.
Autophon — x. Dawson, 554.
Autumnal Leaves — United States, De Bonneville, 210.
Maxwell, 381. Olmsted, 359. Williams, 243.
Aviary- XXX. (Fine Art Cuurt) Zucconl, 348.
Axes— See "" ' fCa-pentert',i-c.).
Axles ind ' iIEES— v. Beecruft, Butler, & Co., 64A.
CullingeeiCo., 817. Drabble & Co., 842. Gibson,
848. Greenway,6g8. Raworlh, 013. Squire & Co.,
706. Thorntou & Sons, 490. xxil. Eykyn ^ Millichup,
309. Hutton, 166. Lucas & Son, 204a. Williams
280.
Denmark, Smeil, 29. France, Rastouin, 1727.
Netherlands, Soedets, 81.
C^Ri(e(i States, Billings and Ambrose, 34. Hyde, 582.
See also Railway Axles.
Azimuth Compasses — See Compasses, Azimuth,
Azure and Mineral Bvoes— Belgium, Wuuvermans, 35.
Baby Jumper- xxix. Rogers & Co., 100.
Backgammon Boards — xvi. Woodman, 42. India, zxix.
Badges, &c., of Knighthood— viii. Firmin & Suns, 211.
XX. Firmin and Sons, 161.
Bael Tree Wine— ii. Pound, 108.
Qagatelle Board — xxvi. Wilson & Sons, 293.
Bagpipes— iVeu' South Wales, Clinch 6.
Bxizti— Netherlands, Vreede & Co., 33.
Spain, Moreno, Brothers, 2d3o.
Zollverein (3), Leiimann, 107.
Baked Clay Ornaments — France, Garnaud, 233.
Ballasting Vesseu (method of)— viii. Shuldham, 172.
Pugh, 353.
Ball-Cocks and Taps — xxii. Common, 630. Murray,
793. See also Valves, Cistern.
Balloons and Parachutes- vil Brown, '202. x. Bell,
715. Luntley, 237. Mason, 714. See alio .^ert'aj
Machines.
Ballot Box — France, Baranowski, 15.
Balsams- II. Tlie Loudon Druggists, 117. Turkey.
Bamboos — Lahuan, ^c, Hammond & Co., 2.
Bandages, ^ee Trusses, Bandages, ^c.
Bank Cheque Paper— ii. Nissen & Parker, 36. xvn.
Saunders, 36.
Bank Notes, Copies of— xvii. Caffry, 167. Sweden,
Broling, 114.
Bank-Note Numbering Machine — vi. Waterlow &
Sons, 164.
Bank-Note Papers- xvii. Saunders, 36.
Bank-Note Printing-machine— VI. Schlesinger & Co.,
168.
Bannisters. See Stair Balustrades.
Barges (Models)— viii. Hoil & Co., 166. Sinrie & Sons,
169 (Main Avenue, West).
Barilla— &e Potash.
Barilla Plant— S^poin, 45.
Barium, Chloride of— ii. Robertson, 81.
Bark, Articles made of— Cuna<^ Campbell, 176. Cen-
tral Commission, 171. Hocheleau, 175.
Si. Ftneenf, Bullock. Sweden, Bjorckman, 1 03. Turkey.
Bark Cloth— -/nrfio, xiv. Labuan, ^c, WooUey, 3.
Bark Solution— Van Diemen's Land, Button, 22.
Barks— II. The London Druggists, 117. iv. Gillman, 44.
Brittsh Guiana, Outiidge, 62. Stutchbury, 59-61, 63,
65, 66.
49
xxxvi
ALPHABETICAL AND CLASSIFIED LIST OF ARTICLES
•
I
:i
Ct^'.nt, 63.
. South Africa. Tlwlwiiwr, 'iT.
N*w ZtalaHd, MoVay, i. Ruuia, N.N., 88.
St. Vinctnt, fiullock. IViHidad, Lord Hvrii.
Van Ditmtn't Land, Bulliin, 23. Deii!wn,8ir W. T., 71 ,
7-2. 7-I-76. MilliKWi, 39. Kmi, 314. Set alio Oak
Bark. 1himer$' Bark-yrinding Mill. Willow Bark.
Baioxx—Sm Corn,
Uakixt Aveler— IX. Holmt* ft Soni, 241.
Barlet AwNER— IX. RaiiMimm ft May. 124.
Barley Chumper— ix. OuMitig, 49a.
Oarlkt HUMNEU.ER8 — IX. Barrett, Rxa)l. ft Andrew*,
UH. Cuoch, 43a, 93. M'Cartiiey ft Driiminoiid, 248.
Baiomkters- IX. Brown, 91. x. Abraliam, UO. Baker,
39«. Brooke, 144. Brown, 676. Bunill, 673.
Caaello&Co., 157a. Chadbum. Brothen, 259. Disey,
271. Dobbie, 166. Gray & Keen, 138. Grifflttia,
331. Orimoldi, 159. Harrii & Son, 149. Moyle,7I0.
NegrettitiZambra,l60A. Newman, 674. Orchard, 161.
Pace, 117. Phillipi, 411. Piuala, 162. Row, 157.
Somalvico&Co., 68lA. Tremlett, 163. Yeatee, 332.
Barometers, Aneroid— x. Moreau, 326. Ruib, 137.
Barometer Clocks — See Clocks, Barometer.
Barrbl Oroans— S'ee Organs, i'c.
Barrels— Sm Cask*.
Barricade Mobile— v. Rock, 993.
Barricarri— fin'ttsA Guiana, Manget, 131.
Barttes— I. Potter, 87. CarJida, Logan, I,
Barvtes, Carbonate of— I. Beamish, 112,
Gumming, 157. Pennock, 318.
BartteSj N'trate of— Portujro/, Sertedello ft Co., 61.
Sardinia, Albain, Brothere, 7.
Barvtes, Sulphate of— i. Riddell, Sir J. M., 53.
Rubertion 81.
Zollverein (n), Nauau Government Bngineen of Mine*, I.
Baskets and Basket Work— xx. Capper ft Son, 45.
XXVI. Greverie, 255. xxviii. Adamton, 196. Bode, 103.
Canning*, Wi. Dunlop, 159. Frank*, 128. Indiireiit
Blind School, 100. King, 41. Pott*. 104. Smith,
172. Topli* & Son*, 154. William*, 102. xxix.
Warrell, 32.
Algeria, Saad Ben Bartha, 63.
British Guiana, Denni*, 140. Oiitridge, 148B-193.
Ceulon.
Egypt, 255, 257, 277, 344, 346, 353, 357-360.
France, Debray, 139. India, xxviii. xxix.
Lttheck, Breyer, 10.
ilfaurtd'u*, Balkfleld & Co., 6. Orey,CounteH, I. Rea-
der, 7. Royal Society of Natural Hiitory ofMauritiu*,4.
Netherlands, Landkroon, 67.
New Zealand, 38. St. John'* College, 7.
St. Vincent, Bullock.
' TVinidad, Lord Harri*. l/mtedSta^es, Mellicbamp, 177a.
Van Diemen's Land, Syraondi, 246-253, 274-378.
Western Africa, Reecham, 12. Hutton, J. F., 21.
tun & Suns, 6. Jamieeon, 22. Towniend, 11.
ter, 5. Wfiton, 1.
Zollverein (1), Koerner, 246. (6), Gick, 57.
Bas-Reliefs — XXX. (Fine Art Court) Caldwell, 33.
ward*, 67. Leiglitnn, 59. RuMel,206. xxx. (Sculpture
Court) Adami, 48. Farmer, 31. Gibton, 64. Kirk,
46. Miller, 38, 40, 66-68. ThomycrolY, G5.
Austria, Sr.ent|ieetrij, 729. China.
Denmark, Jerichan, 39. France, Huber, 870.
Greece, Vitalij, 60, 61., Russia, Varhoviufi; 368.
Switzerland, Schneider, 102.
Tuscany, Barbetti, 77. Zollverein (5), Von Kre», 32.
Bassoons— X. Ward, 927. France, Buftiet, 442.
Zolleerein (4), Helwert, 24. (8), Heckel, 8.
Bath Adbet Cburch (Model)— xxx. (Fine Art Court)
Huare, 168.
Batr Freestone (Article* in)— xxvii. Newman, 60.
Vaughan, 20.
Batb-Heater (Ga«) — xxii. Warriner, 248.
Batbs — XXII. Aztilay, 597. Benham & Son*, 98. Bray,
500. Ciilverwell, 794. Dale, 500. Gilbert, 494.
Gillespie ft Son, 493. Hardwicke, 496. Loseby, 796.
Machell, 639. Mather, 504. Moggridge, 495. Mtias,
498. ShooUired & Cu., 66. Tylor & Son, 401.
Walton & Co., 69. Wilson, 490. xxr. Finch, 38.
xxvin. Winterborn, 168.
Hut-
Trot-
Ed-
Fisher, 43. Foumier,
l4i Mere. 42.
Porter, 37. Searle, 31.
Hen-
France, Cliurbonnler, 1 1 Ti,
Bathino-Machine (for Ladies)— vin. Holbrnok, 0.
Bats— Sm Cricket Bats.
Beaded Articles- xxix. Schrader, 319.
Beads (Various) — India, i.
fVestern Africa, Jamieson, 22.
Beam and CvrnNO Machine— ^fVasM, Chaleyer, 111.
Beams and Scaubs- £!*• Weights and Measures.
Bean-milu— IX. D« Purquet, 203. Giant ft Co., 267,
Bitmuelson, 189.
Beans and Peas— hi. Crougbton, 92. Fordham, 94.
Raynbird, 73. Strange, 83.
Canada, Boa, 39. Brien, 44.
49. Jones, 41. Limoges, 40
New Brunswick, Hutchiaon, 39.
W y«e, 33.
Portugal. Boa, 378. Ceeiar, 373. Carvac, 367.
ri<iues364. Pruencu, 371. Silva, 370.
Spain, Gil, 29.
Bean-Sowino Machine— IX. Ponton, 104.
Bearers for Beams (in Buildinos)— vn. Perkes ft Co.,
162.
Beaver Cloth— xii. ft xv. Haf^ues & Co., -29. Wheeler,
271. Belgium, Pirenne ft Duesberg, 199.
Beberine, Sulphate of— ii. Macfarlan ft Co., 107. See
alao Alkaloid Beberine.
BeD'Feathkus, Down, ftc— iv. Biyth ft Co., 60.
Dundee Local Committee, 63. Heal ft Sons, 99.
Nightingale, 57. xxvi. Board, 240. Gilbert ft Co.,
139a. Ruiiia, Lapihin, 145. See a,lso Eider I^owu,
Flocks {for Bedding).
Bed- Furniture— XII. & xv. Schofleld, 125. See also
Bedsteads and Furniture.
Bed-Joints- xxiL Burrows, 976.
Bed-Quilts— XI. Barlow, 35. Myerscough ft Co., 39.
Simicer ft Son, 92. XIX. Fryer, 237. Richmond
Lunatic Asylum, 249. Risdun, 276. Roberts, 365.
XX. Standon, 213. xxvi. Board, 240.
France, Debbeld ft Co., 1 173. Turkey.
United Stales, Colman, 71. Spalding, 313. See also
Eider-Down Quilts.
Bed-Sacking — xiv. Dundee Local Committee, 63. Mor-
rison ft Hum, 49. Wall, E. ft T., 70.
Bed-Sackino, Metallic — xxii. Chambers, 807.
Beds, Kquipoibb — vii. Brown, Sir S., 334.
Beds, Mechanical— France, Kissel, 554.
Beds, Portable— xxvi. Pratt, 403,
United States, Browne ft Co., 334.
Bedsteads, Alarum— x. Jones, 656. xxii. Suvage, 56.
Bedsteads and Furniture— xix. Faudel ft Phillip*,
165. XXII. Jeifcoate, 755. xxvi. Cawley, 225. Dow-
biggin ft Co. 404. Durley ft Co. 169. Fox, 168.
Mummery, '292. Rogers ft Dear, 264. Smee ft Son,
174. WakelingSc Sons, 194.
Canada, Morris 1 14. France, Maillard, 1338.
India, xxvi. United States, Batjeman, 552. Dunton,
195. See also Rheioclinea. S^a Bedsteads.
Bedsteads, Metaluc— xxii. Cottam, 59. Cowley ft
James, 62. Hill ft Co., 65. Johnson, 67. Mapple-
beck ft Lowe, 370. Perkes ft Co., 64. Peyton ft Har-
low, 371. Smith, 57. Tonkin, 58. Tylor ft Pace, 63.
WinHeld, 373. xxvi. Cunning, 165a. Lyon, 30.
Robinson, 263.
France, Dupont, 180. Gandillat ft Co., 230. Laude,
8!)7. Leonard, 589. Sardinia, Gransini, 55.
Spain, Miguel, 260. Sanchez Pescador ft Miguel, 259.
Bedsteads, Portablk— xxii. Blair, 409.
Bedsteads for Ships— xxvi. Bro'n, 140. See also
Sofa Bed.
Bed-tick Stuffs— XIV. Canter, 36. Carter, Brothers, 36.
Fletcher, 36. Hattersley ft Co., 36. Haxwurth ft
Camley, 36. Jackson ft Matthewman, 36. Lockhart
& Sons, 57. Figott ft Newton, 36. Wemyss, 58.
Belgium, Felhouen-Coucke, 481.
Bed- Warmer— xxii. Farrar, 637.
Beehives — ix. Briggs, 103. Oolding, 49. Hayes, 208a.
Jones, 2bO. Keene, 193. Marriott, 243, Milton, 291.
Neighbour ft Son, 200. Pettit, 92. Phillips, 72i.
Ponder, 146. Rowbottom, 262b. Shull, 120. Wood,
90. XXVIII, Ramsey, 13.
DESCRIBED IN THE CATALOQUE.
xxxvil
!. Fordham, 94.
Franct, 0« Bcauvoyi, 47. Paix de Bmuvojt, 911.
United StaU$, Slmll, 038,
Zollvireiit (I), Brucki»cli, «6. Sm alto £<m {Iiutru'
menl/or Mcuring Swamu).
BeEHIVB NKHnLATOR— IX. liiitaiic*, 100.
Beer— II. Truman & lUnbury, 91.
2\irk»u. ZoUvereia (I), Chriitiaiii, 15.
Beer Engines— v. StocUer 8. & G., 43!l. xxii. Warner
& Sum, 798.
Beer and Spirit Preservers— xxii. Qrewi k Co., 033.
Bees v<>t work in OltM Hivet)— ix. Milton. 391.
Bees (Intlrument for leourlnK Swarmi)— IX. Nuun, J. P.
& E. B., i\H, Sm alio Beehives.
Bees' Wax— Canada, Parlnault, 139.
South Africa, Lindenbcrg, 45. Ceylon. China.
France, Laiigier, 1C40. India, iv.
Portugal, Bretw, 622. Carvallio, 633, 624. De Ficalbo,
A I ft fil Q
Van biemm't Land, Mmgim, 213. Hout, 393.
Beethoven, Louis Von, Statue or (Bronie)— ^HeereiR
(I), Blaner 310.
Beetles— II. Tlie London Druggiit*, 117.
BBrr-RooT Rabpino Machine— ix. White, 18i.
BeetRoot Sugar— XXIX. Wright, 250.
Austria, Lubkowiti, Prince, 08. Luriich-Moennich,
Count, 09. Neuwall't Manufactory, Ofi. Hicliter &
Co., 57. Robert & Co., 55. Tlumaci Manufactory, 60.
France, Dubreuille k Co., 480. Serret, Hamoir, k Co.,
1465.
Sussia, Koukell JaunopoUky, 335. Sangoushko, Prin-
ceM,78.
ZoHverein (1), Behm, 685. Brumme k Co., 667.
Hfnnige k Wieae, 691. Voii Samlen, 14.
Belgium, Statistics or — Belgium, Lesigne, 379.
Bella, Cattle — Austria, Blumauer, 474. Tomaichiti,
470. Switzerland, Schopfer, 218.
Bell8,Churcb,&c.— Main Avenue, West (from Montreal).
I. Stirling, 4:^8 (Main Avenue, East), v. Drury,
758. X. Broadbent, 133. xxii. Hodgn, 519. Meare,
C. & O., 684 (Main Avenue, West). Murphy, 683
(Main Avenue, West). Taylor & Sons, 682 (South
Transept). Warner & Soni, 798 (North Traneept).
Canada, Motion, 154.
France, Bollee, 1U93. Hildebrand, 540.
Netherlands. Petit & Fritaen, 78.
ZoHverein (.^), Gruhl, 37 (Main Avenue, East). See also
Hand-bells.
Bells, Elrctric— x. Bret), J. & J. W., 429.
Bellb, Musical Clock— xxii. Hale, T. & Co., 486.
Bells, Musical Hand— x. Drury, 506. xxii. Warner &
Sons, 798.
Bell-hangino and Furniture — xxii. Bryden k Sons,
44. France, Petithomme, 954. See also BeU-Sopes,
Bell-Metal — i. Stirling, 438. India, i.
Bell-Rock Liobthoube (Model of)— tii. Commiuionert
of Northern Lighthouses, 99.
Bell-Ropes — xxviii. Woodhead, 191.
Portugal, 1105-1)57. ZoHverein (1), Zeisig, 225.
Bell-Ropes (Church)— xiv. Day, 55.
Bell Telegraph— {7mtediSta(es, Howland, 486,
Bellows- XVI. Allin, 35. xxii. Allday, 353. Linley
k Sons, 41. Onions, 349. Taylor, 351. See also Blast
Fans.
Belts, Surgical— x. Lawrenee k Co.^ 722.
Bentinck, Lord 6. (Design for Monument to) — xxx.
(Fine Art Court) Milnes, 184.
Benzoic Acid— ii. Fowler, 55. India, ii.
Berlin Roval Arsenal (Model>—ZoUverein (1), Seeling,
Berlin Wool Work— xni. & xv. Quitzow & Co., 1 78.
XIX. Barnard, 94. Bloomfield, 187. Burton, 118.
Butcher, i56. Evenden, 162. Gardner, 174. Hayter,
198. Heyn, 178. Kiddell, 221. Kingsbury, 225.
Macdonald, 243. Osborn, 260. Russell, 285. Sib-
thorpe, 299. Smith, 304. Slurmy, 90. Szaffeld, 308.
Tann, 340. Taylor, 312. Whitwell & Co., 345.
Williams,. Lady, 349. Wilson, 350. xx. Miles, 89.
xxvr. Azulay, 64.
Berlin Wool and Worsted Yarns— xii. & xv. Burgets
& Co., 343.
Austria, Viislau Worsted Yam Spinning Co., 198.
Bkrrt Wax— South 4f"ca, Lindenlierg, 45.
Bibles— xvii. British Kc Foreign Bible Society, 201.
Belgium, Briard, 277.
^reAerland^, Eusohede k Sons, 109.
United Slates, Starr, 88.
ZoHverein (I), Badeker. 833. Graf, 746.
Billiard Cloths— xii. k xv. Fenion, ti9. Palling, 213.
BiLUARD Cues- /ranee, Jeannin, liji.
Billiard Tables — xxvi. Burnmglies le Walts, 4, Ra-
niui, 152. Thurston k Co., 17. Austria, Knill, 633.
irance, Bouhardet, 1106. Forton, Dii|iun<;eau & Co.,
1238. Fouaueau, 1330. Sauraux, 36/.
Binding— £'«• Bookbinding.
Binnacles, Ships'— viii. Browning, 103. Helrostey, 106.
Jenkins, 111. MacDonald, 339. Taylor, 105. See
also Compasses, Mariners'.
Bibd-Caoes — XXII. Fox, 30. Kain, 45. Vere, 31.
xxvin. Whitaker, 137. xxix. Hall, 343. Quin,330.
Hamburgh, Bum, 111. Heine, 51. Lehrmann, 47.
Richler, 50. 8oliulti,48. Zoi/verein (l),Gaertner, 193.
See also Aviary.
Birds' Nests (Edible, ke.y—India, it.
Birds, Stufped — Van Diemen's Land, Bonuey, 381.
Ince, 349.
Western j^frica, Sutherland, Duchess of, 16.
BiBCUiTMAKiNO MACHINE- VL Barrett & Co., 410.
Biscuits (Ship and other)— iii. St. Etienne, 13a xxix.
Boland, 104.
Canada, Fitts, 130. Robb, 136. Stewart, 134.
Vem Diemen's Land, Brock, 04, 00. Milligan, 53.
France, Violette, 1538. Portugal, Wheelliouse, 529
Bismuth— II. Howards k Kent, 11.
Bismuth, Oxide— ii. Godfrev & Cooke, 93.
Bits and Bridles — See Saddlery and Harness.
Bitumen, Mosaic— 2o/{verein (4), Seeger, 78.
Bituminous Shale — i. Bituminous Shale Company, 331.
Bituminous Substances, Apparatus for generating heat
from — VII. English Patent Camphine Company, 133.
Black Lead — i. Nicholson, 504a. u. Bluudellft Co., 48.
Ceuiada, Horwood, 167.
Spain, Malaga Mines, Insnector of, )9,
Van Diemen's Land, Wallcer, 195.
Black Lead Penciui — i. Banks k Co., 69. Reeves k
Suns, 66. Wolff & Sons, 68. XXix. Burch k Son,
69. Morel], 248. xxx. (Fine Art Court) Reeves k
Sons, 7.
ZoHverein (2), Birkmann, 7%, Fafaer, 81. Rehbach, 83.
See also Pencih.
Black Lead Pencils (Materials for) — i. Adair, 67.
Brockedon, 60. Brookanan & Laiij(don, 64.
Blacking and Boot Varnish— ii. Mason & Son, 33.
IV. Coovey, 70. xvi. Carr, 32'J. Everett k Co., 39.
XXIX. Alcock & Co., 373. Cockerill, 381.
France, Hebert, 869. Sardinia, Bourgoin, 70,
United States, Baker, 401. Steere, 390. Turner, 420.
Van Diemen's Land, Ward, 186.
Blankets— xn. k xv. Burnley & Sons, 490. Clay &
Sons, 136. Crabtree, 50. Early, E., 269. Early, J.,
& Co., 268. Fox & Co., 7. Firth & Sons, 37. Hague*
&Co.,25. Neill & Sons, 263. Nicolls, 261. Robin-
son, 34. Schwann, 1 10; Thornton & Co., 32.
Algeria, Alxiers, Delegate of, 58. Uaractai, Tribe, 06,
Si' Ahmed-el-Hachemi, 48.
Austria, Matschuko, 201. Maurer, 200.
Canada, Gamble, 139. Paterson, G., 115. Patterson,
J., 146. South Africa, Thalwitser, 27.
France, Albinet, 4U0. Buffault &Truchon, 1120. Guy-
on, 1264. Guyotin-Loisignol, 253. Pepin- Viellard,
1675.
Netherland», Hoogeboom & Son, 37. Scheltema, 38.
Wyk, Brothers, & Co., 36. Zaalberg k Son, 34.
Zuurdeeg & Sun,. 35.
Nova Scotia, Nova Scotia Central Committee, 3.
Portugal, 7 \i. Corsino, 809. Lafaurie & Co., 810-813.
l\inia, 1-5, 7-9, II, 80. Tuscanif, Franceschini, 63.
United States, Parker, Wilder, & Co., 407.
ZoHverein {\), Hoan & Suns, 3(i6.
Blankets, Cotton— .Be^'um, De Buhault du Carmois,
191. Malta, Villa, Fratelli, 5.
xxxviil
ALPHABETICAL AND CLASSIFIED LIST OF ARTICLES
DLANKim, HoMB— S«0 Hone Clothing.
Blaht Kanh for Furnaced, &c, — I. Kennedy, 3(11. Stt
alio JirltowM,
Ulaht Kurnacks-i. Jumee, 4l.'>>i. Watnejr, 270.
United Statrt, lUroii, Urutliert, 370. Perkini, 541.
BiJUiTiNO Cartiui>ok8— I. Cupelaiid, 6'^0.
Bleacuino Powder— II. Kane, !i'i.
BucBOiNa, IN8TRUMKNT8 FOR — X. RiMi, 60C. Stt aln
Cupping InitrniiwiUt.
DiXNDB & < ' ' MINE— I. Grey, S06. Howe, 402.
Bund, Api ..hatus for teachino the— x. Iliighci, 410.
Tol putt, 382. XVII. Kdiiibiirgli Blind Scliuol, 170. Gall,
171. Huglies, -iU. Suciety fur TMoliing Iho Blind
(Regent'f Park), 108. Siidolnli, 19. Watti, 164.
France, Foiicault, 2J0. Laoi d'Agneu, 1338, 1633.
United State», Kiwnbrandt, 480. Howe, 430. Starr,
88. Thom|»oii, 26.
ZoUverein (>), Uarthell, 5. (2), Felir & Kiioiiriiig, 94.
See also Ink for the lilind.
Bund, Manufactures uv the (Various)— xviii. Glat-
govt Ulind Aiylum, 66a.
United Staten, New York Blind Institute 113. See alto
liaaheta and Baahet-work. Netted Work.
Bund, Nkedle-tiireader for the— xxix. Adanu, 33.
Bund- Rolu:r8— See Window- Ulind Rollers.
Blocks for Bdildino— vii. Aster, 5.
Bu>ck8, Ships'— viii. Betteley, 63. Brown, Lenox & Co.,
61. Chapman, 121. Ewlailes & Co., 126. Fergutun,
C. A. & T., 184. Canada, Clarke, 165.
Hamburgh, Friedricliten, 8.
BumD JuicK— Van Diemerie Land, Dcniton, Sir W. T.,
1^87.
BuviTiNa Roixer— VII. Nunn, 187.
Bix>wiNO Machines— V. Lloyd, 300. France, Enfcr, 830.
Blowpipes — x. Braliam, 280. Ilibetton, 459.
Blue Diamonds — xxiii. Hope, 73.
Blue Lias — See Limestone.
Blues (for Dyeing, &c.)~See Azure and Mineral Blues.
Cobalt Blue, Indian Blue. Indigo. Pastel. Ultra-
marine.
Blues (for Laundretiet) — iv. Coovey, 70.
Boat-plugs— V. Stevent, l;!6.
Boat Propellers— v. Ferguton, 78. Reed, 91.
Boat Reels, Sheets, &c.— viii. Beadoii, 90. Johnion,
328.
Boats, Gutta Percha— viii. Hubbard, 180.
Boats, Ships', River, &c.— vin. Bayley, 352. Biffen,
170. Jarrett, 310. Leftwicb, 27. Monteagle, Lord,
317. Noulton & Co., 178. Searle & Sont, 169.
Wentiell, 167.
Bermudas. Canada, Central Commission, 171.
Ceylon. China, Haedmon. India, viii.
Eastern Archipelago, ^c— Hammona & Co., 2.
Netherlands, VoUenhoven. 93.
New Brunswick— Qny, the Dowager I.fldy, 1. Turkey.
United States, C&ptn, \7i. Francis, 533. Goddard, 537.
Van Diemeu's Zanrf— Milligan, 270. See also Canoes.
Fishing- boats. Life-boats. Punts. Yawls. Wild-
Jowl shoot in;/, ^c.
Boats, Ships' (Method of launching)— viu. Baird. 74.
Ktrick, 327. '
Bobbin Ladder (for Vettels)— vii. Hopkinton, 104.
Bobbin Machine— France, Vigouroux, 728.
Bobbin-making Machines— vi. McNauglit, W., 25.
Bobbin-net-lace Machinbrt— vi. Birkin, 94. Sewell, 92.
Bobbins {Cotton, &c.)— vi. Mather, 10. xxix. Brown &
Son, 237.
Bodkins— VI. Morrall, 240.
Boo—See Peat.
Bog-Wood Furniture, Carving, &c.— xix. Irith Work
Society, 77. xxvi. Bell, 212. Jones, 78. xxiK.
Auttm,36. XXX. (Fine An Court) Jones, 70. Keboe.OO.
Boilers, Copper -v. 129. France, Gervais, 520.
Boiler?, Steam— v. Carrett, 35. Erskine, 100. Fostick
& Hackworth, 10. Galloway, W. & J., 124. vii. Crog-
gon & Co., 110. Sampson, 137. ix. Blackball, 33.
xxn. Kertlake, 92. Prideaux, 239.
United Stales. Stevens & Co., 475.
Boileb Cleanser— v. Scott, 151.
Boiler Explosions (Safety apiMtralns iu case oO— /Vonm,
(.laly Catalot, 1239.
Boiler-Felt (for iirevenling radiation nf heat) — vii.
Cniffgon &a)., 110.
Boiler-Plates, Fusible— v. Whitney, 09.
Boiler Pumps— v. Uroughton, 447.
Bolt and Nut-making Machines— vi. Shanks, 310.
Williams, 234.
Bolt Riixr, Antiria, 113.
HoLTiNO Apparatus— /rrtMM, Hennecart, 1206.
Bolts for Gates, &c.— vii. Wilton, 188. xxil. BointMr
& Son, 681. France, Dervaux Lefehvre, 145.
liOHBAZINES— XIII. Pugh, 2.
Bone Black— /•'/■aiice, Tordeux, 600.
Bonk Carving— ZoWuerein (1), Bergmann, 268.
Hone Dust— i. Ramtay, 44.
Boner, Human (Specimen of) — Nova Scotia, Centra
Committee, 2.
Bonnets, Beaver, Felt, tec. — xx. Pearson, 12Ga.
Austria, Muck, 354.
Bonnets, Hiohland— xx. Darling, 131.
Bonnetm, Straw- XX. Allan, 13. Bethel, Ware.d Co., 76.
Cooi)er, J. J. & Q., 172a. Elliott, 172. Field & Sons,
10. Muirs & Co., 173, 215. Spurden & Co., 14. \jM
k Sons, 11. Welch & Sont, 12. Wowthoute & Co.,
19. Russia, Lolt, 272. Switzerland, Isler & Otto, 213.
'l^mrnnij, Nannucci, 67. Vyse & Sont, 66.
Zolherein ( 1 ), D'Henreuie, 244. See alio Straw Plait, ^c.
Bonnets (Varioui)— xx. Aslilon, 171. Corah & Sont, 208,
Gwatkin, 87. Harris & Sons, 108. Laurence, 158,
Long, IfiA. Price & Harvey, 9. Rutlent, U7a.
United States, Milward & Son, 93.
ZoUverein (3), Stoehel & Son, 66. See alto Feather
Bonnets.
Bonnet Tops and Crowns- xx. Johntton, J. & O., 113,
Bookbinders' Fukss- vi. Whitfaker, 140.
Bookbinders' Tools — vi. Shcrwin, Cope, & Co., 104,
XXII. Briggt, 145.
Hamburgh, Berend, 145.
United Stales, Thompton, 224.
Bookbinding— XVII. Barrett & Co. 196. Batten, 59. Bone
& Son, 62. Budden, 97. Churton, 67. Clark, 134.
Clark & Davidtun, 135. Clarke, 68. Cleaver, 307.
Cocki& Co. 123. Cundall & Addey, 106. Delu Ilue
& C .. 76. Erans, 8. Gould, 113. Leighton, J.& J.24.
I>eighton, J. & B., 158. Lewis 163. Macnair, 1 17.
Macomie & Co. 20. Neil, 91. Orr & Co. 109. Rains,
162. Remnant & Co. 5. Riviere, 89. Saps""ord, 39.
Stirling, 118. Tarrant, 43. Wettley, J. 48. Westleys
&Co. HI. Wodderspoon, 1.59. Wright, 130. xxx.
(Fine Art Court), Corns, 36. Leake, 63 A. Wilson, 55.
Austria, .Strasny, 377.
France, Dauthuille, 1171. Houdaille, 1270. Lebrun
906. Lortic, 1651. Simier, 693. Weber, 739.
Hamburgh, Mieoici, 1 14. India, xvii,
Malta, Fenech, 6. Netherlands, Regeer, 113.
Sweden, Beck, 101.
United States, Bradley & Co., 473. Brady, D' Avignon,
& Lester, 142. Gassett, 4^0. Holtart &, Robins, 399.
Lippincott,Grambo, &Co.,57. Putnam, 1*23. Walker
& Co., 123.
Van Diemeu's Zand— Royal Society of Van Diemens
Land, 349.
Bookbinding in Silver, (ancient mode of) — xxiii.Skid-
more & Son, 129.
Bookbinding Machine— f/ntVed States, Starr, 88.
Bookbinding (Materials for)— xvii. Atkinson, 56. Bing-
ley, 61. Clements, 71 . Ciissons & Co., 09. Newbery,
T. & R., 148. xviii. Wilton, 17. xxvi. Newbery,
i. & R., 3 '3. Russia, Dolgoroucky, Prince, 396.
BookMaHK— f/ni<cd States, Winship, 354.
Books — xvii. Religious Tract Society, 154.
Uetytum, Briard, 277. ^.yp<, 248, 374.
France, Bailliere, 406. Bance, 446. Bouchard-Huiard,
775. Detroiiers, 817. Firmin-Didot, Brothers, 212.
Garach, 232. Gaume & Co., 843. Gide & Buudry,
236. Gruel, 857. Mailre, 318. Niedtee, 065.
Paguerre, 940. Plon, Brothers, 1399. Rame, 1418.
Renouard, Jules and Co., 352. Schoeneuberger, 371.
Texier, 1034. Hamburgh, Miiller, 22. ,
^ill
DESCRIBED IN THE CATALOGUE.
xxxix
Set nlio Feather
Batten, 59. Done
Von Diemen't
Ntthtrlandt, Kwcwoanlt, 111.
Ntv) South WnUi, Cullagliaii, 4. Mitchell, 5.
Portiiffal, Mi>titeiro, 1233. Jlomt, D«ei, 6U.
Sardinia, C'liiriu & Mina, 69,
United Slatet, Beach, 598. Lippincolt, Orambo, ft Co., 57.
Putiiam. 123. Koy, 373. Stanton Blind Inatitule, 270.
Van Diemen'e Lund, Dowliiiv, 331-3:13. Milligan, 197.
Kolwegan, 196. Hoyal Society of Von Diemeu'i Land,
345.
ZoUverein (1), Badeker, 832. Schoening, 154. Vietreg
Ji Son, 822. Vogel, 671. a). Rrockhaui, 178. See
•Im Biblet. 7)/pographieal Works,
Books, Iixubtratkd and Illuminated— xvii. Maokcni'e,
94. Parker, 120. Pickering, 140. WiNinan, 103.
Wright, 139. Bthinm, Muquardt, 473.
France, Barliat, 1067: L«ngloii5( Leclercq, 2S9. Mame
& Co., 321. name, Dtte, 50.
United Statei, Brady, 380.
ZoUverein (1), Graf, 746. (5), Schmerber, 30. Welter-
miin, 749.
Dook-Ca8E8— XXVI. Dovrtton, 122. JucVlon and Graham,
261, Willi & Barllett. 160. Auilria, l.ciatler, 633.
India, xxvi. ZoUverein (1), Spinn and Mvnke, 838.
B00K-CLA8P8 AND MoUNTiHOB— XXII. Uiddle, 2!>7.
Book Titles (llluminaled)— vi, Nelton, 120.
Book TraiS (Carved)— xxvi. Uarrie, 104.
Boot Ulockino Machine— vi. Manaell, 502.
Boot and Shoe Lasts— xvi. Bowler 236. Gumer, 312.
Lewiii, 165. Scott, 228. xxviii. Wlieatley, 109. xxix.
Briien, 257. JBelyium, Stainler, 438.
Canada^ Wardle, 104.
Van Dtemen'g Land, Miligan, 181. See alio Boot TVees.
Boot and Shoe Machine- vi. Wait, 6U4.
Boots and Shoes— xvi. Allen 8t Sun, 149. Allin, 327.
Atheuonm Boot and Slioe Warehouse (Norwich), 137,
Atloir, 131. Barker, 18S. Barraclouxh, U8. Baxter,
156. Beam & Jefls, 118. Becked, 220. Berrall &
Son, 115. Bird, 189. Boiiard, 294. Bridget, 210.
Brotohie, 200. Burgeai, 1 35. Butterworth & Co., 3 10.
Clapham,9. Clark, 134. Clarke, 191. Cowling, 142,
Creak, 141. Cremerjc Co,, 198. Crow, 196. Currie,
313. Deemond, 171. Dodge, 160. Dodaon, 183a.
Doe, 143. Dowie, 180 (Main Avenue, West). Bitex,
326, Faulkner, 316. Geary, 233. Gilbert & Co.,
179 (Main Avenue, Weit). Godfrey & Hancock,
168. Goodeve, 176. Gordon, 313. Graliam, 123.
Groom, 131. Grundy, 337. tiundry, 173. Guppy,
177. Hull & Co., 164. Hall, J. S., 163. Hall.H., 182.
Hartley, 166. Heath, 195. Hefford & Eacer, 130.
Henaon, 133. Hickson 8t Soni, 103 (Main Avenue,
Weat), Hoby, 203. Hodgei, 184. Hook, 114. Hubert,
194. Hudwn, 131. Hutchinga, 134. Langdale, 333.
Line & Ca, 130. Lloyd, 117. McDougall, 331.
M'Dowall, 170. McOibbon, 147. March, 174.
Mariden, 316. Manhall, 211. Mather, 139. Med-
win&Co., 163. Mitchell, 213. Moore, 119. Nelaon,
324. Newcome, 323. Newman, 146. Norman, 201.
r«rKer, J., 343. Parker & Sons, 116. Pattiaou,
186. Peal, ;197. Peplow, 137. Pettitt & Son,
134a. Phippi, 319. PoUett, »I0. Ramabottom,
127. Ridley, 304. Ro»«rli, 128. Roberl, 234.
Robotham, 199. S^ilter, 309. Sannden, 135. Schal-
ler,30U. Smith, 237. Stanley, 208. Tallerman, 70.
Taylor & Bowley, 181 (Main Avenue, Weat). Thomas
86Son,2ll. Thompaon, J30. Walker,2(l6. Wallace.
132. Walah, 207. Wildemith, 190, Wilahin, 205.
Winter, 178. Wright, 153. xx, Atloff, 33, Hall, 4.
Longdon & Sbna, 168. Norman, 167. Ridley, 165.
Smith, 119. XXVIII. Hall, 184. Jouea, 123.
Austria, Christil, 327. Frank, 328. Friedl, 333. Helia,
331. Hermanitadt Shoemakera' Aaiuciation, 330.
Kunerth, 333. Laiigder, 339.
Belaium, Cabu-Fevrier, 263. Vandenboe Poelman, 374.
Vanderoost, 427. Van Trooatenberghe, 364.
CawKfti, Barbeau, 110. Dangerfleld, 111. Montreal
Central Commia«ion,ll2. Ondagahout, 173.
CA»no,.Hewett & Co. Lindaay. JJenmarA, Peteraen, 1 1 .
/Swice, Bredif, Brothera, 73. Bridard, 1115. Crucifix,
133. Deicli«mpa,1185. Dufowe, 1301. Dufowe.ien.,
1300. Guillot, 534. Jacob! ftDupuii, 886. Lttfebvr*,
578. Maaaet, 1347. Meier, 1353. Poirler, 1308.
Rapp, U74, Thierry, 301. Viault-Kate, 735.
Uamhurgh, Utniel, 40. Kinol, 30. MaKdalinaki, 38.
Sahlbtrg, 36. Schooit, 37. India, xxix.
Jersey and Ouemsejf, Manuel, 48.
Netherlands, Rooyackera ft Sun, 53.
Nova Scotia, Nova Scotia Central Committee, 3.
Bussia, Baraliaghai., 313. Miller, 234. Nijni-Nor-
goroil Peaaanta, 314. Pupinofr, 310. Shouvalufl'ft
Son, 341. Starikoir, 313. ^rJtnia, Gulliii, 53.
S'iPM/en, Stubrcke, 112.
Su>i<reria;i(i, Dietiker, 311. T^nu, 13, 87. Turhey.
United States, Addington, 471. Breed & Co., 411.
Church ft Cliittenden, 382. Fogg ft Bnrbank, 410.
Friabie, 136. Hayward Rubber Co., 2U4. Joflera, 116.
New Brunawick India Rubber Comiwny, 560. Ro-
binion ft Co., 429.
VanDiemen'sLand,neggfVil. Sly, 339. Wani, 183.
Western Africa, Jamieaon, 22.
ZoUverein (I), Adolphi, 173. Andreaen, 177. Buchner,
735. Guttachalk, 733. Langrilial, 740. Mohr, 180a.
Muller, 183. Pfeill'er, 184. ScUuelzcndorflT, 3'IU. Wie-
gund, 745. (3), Prunk, 53. m, Schimiacher 'Jt, Sen, 47.
Werner, 48. (7), Wemmer, 7. See alao Wooden i'hoes.
BooT-TRiixs— XVI. Cant, 169. Gamer, 330, 313. Lomai
& Evea, 125.
Be'ufium, Stainier, 428. United States, UpHeld, 470.
See alao Boot and Shoe Lasts,
Borax- II. Howardnft Kent, 11. India, u,
BoBiNO Machines and Tools (for mining and other
purpoaea)— I. Gowona, 132..
Netherlands, Sondermeyer, 72. Switzerland, Ijiue, 65.
Botanical Gardens, Regent's Park (Model) — vii.
Turner, 7.
Botanical Specimens — Loddigta b Sona, page 851.
II. Keih, 90. III. Lawaon & Son, 105. iv. King, 3.
Rock, 3, Tilley, 3a. x. Ward, 664 (North Tranaept).
China, Berncaatle. Nova Scotia, Central Committee, 2.
Spain, 1 17. ZoUverein H), Heckel, 430.
Bottles, Glass—xxiv. Aire ft Calder Bottle Co., 6.
XXVII. Weatwouil and Moore, 113.
France, Audeile & Co., 1540. De Poilly & Co., 1396.
Deviolaine, Brothera, 1187. Leroy Suyer, ]3'20. Van
Leempoel, De Colnet, ft Co., 714.
Hamburgh, Wright, 37. ZoUverein (I), Wagner, 414.
Bottles (for Antimony) — Egypt, 275.
fioTTUNO AND CoRKiNO APPARATUS— VI. Moaterman, J.
&T.,621. Ty lor & Son, 606. Vlii. Hely, 13. xxvi.
Kendall, 246.
F^rance, Montebello, 651. Jersey and Quemsey, Harris, 28.
Bowls, Pair of — xxix. Maaaey, 190.
Bows AND Arrows— XXIX. Beaney, 130. Buchanan, 175.
Here, 151. Jacobs, 183. Muir, 150.
British Guiana, Aiiiott, 142, 143a.
StMth Mrieti, Thalwitzer, 27. India, viii.
Switzerland, Kapp, 66.
Western Africa, M'William. Trotter, 5.
Boxes (for Luce, &c.)— xx. Oliver, 88.
Bracelets (Designs for)— xxx. (Fine Art Court) Farren,
13. See alao Jewellery.
Brackets- xxviii. Rogera 179. xxx. (Fine Art Court)
Wright, 98.
Branch-Pipes, Flexible— Cana«/<i, Ferguaon, 164.
Brandt — ZoUverein (6), Sichel, 84.
Brass Foundry and other Ware (varioua)— xxn.
Hale & (30., 486. Handa, 263. Hurcourt, W. St J.
237. Haywood & Son, 647. Home, 275. Kimberley,
362. Lea, W. & J. 665. Malini & Son, 261. Mariun,
363. Osmond, 658. Simcox & Co. 321. Tonki &
Sun, 361. Whitfield, 336. Winficld, 373. Woods,
33. Wouldridge, 347. xxvi. Sibling, U.
Austria, Haller, 463.
Belgium, Chau<{oir, 377. De Rosee, 365.
/Vance, Carle, 1132. Poulat, 963. Thoumin, 606.
/lu/to, XXII. Sioe</en,Dahlbom,71. Djursun,70. Turkey,
ZoUverein (1), Kissing & Mbllmann, 647. See also
Lacquered Ware.
Brass Lettering on Glass- xxix. Fletcher, 240. See
alio Metallic Letters,
ll
AI.PilAUKTICAL AND CLASSinED LIST OF ARTICLR8
M
ti'
BiiAM, PKNromATKO— xxii.WalUr, a'J.
Uram boLUKii— XXII. Uiilion, 36 1.
Uhkau-c'uttinu MAc'iiiNKa— XXII. Unru, 010.
Hwiltnlaiul, Buvltllvr, 60. ZollvtrtU (4), BucUtler,
IIU
BrKAP MARINO Maciiinb— VII. I'lalt, Hi.
Franct, Moucliui, HMI7.
Brkau HLATTKBa— XXVIII. Smith J., ax
URi:ARWATKHii(M<Hlt!li)— vii,ilou|wr, 106. HurwootI, 31.
K«iiiiiiK)»ii, (i. W. & J. 70. Hettit, l.'iO. ginitli, 165.
Taylur, 'il.'k.
/m/i'i, vii, &< alio Goodivin Samii. Plymouth
lirtiikwattr,
Brbwkry (MiHlel of)— VI. Tiiiard, 630.
Bricrh— I. riilicr, 110. King, I U. Hoak*, 60. xxii.
King, 407. XXV. Bowrrt, K). xxvii. Ambrow, IJti.
BMwick, 1U6. Futdhaiii & Sun, 1 18. Hadiluii it V.,,.,
114. Uuric, 100. Luv<>laor, Karl uf, 87. Lullt, HI.
Rufriird.N'J. Saaly, 130. Wuikman, 110.
AHttria, Mieibach, tilo. Canada, Logan, 1.
India, l. Portugal, 27A--JU3. 7mni«, 108.
2o//t'n-eiN (1), NfilcliiO. St« a\%o Firt BriKhi. Float-
ing Uriclu.
Bricrs, Olasko- xxv. Finch, 38.
URICK8, Hollow— IX. Grimiley, UIO. Rnb«rti, 1226. xxv.
Uidgway tic Co , '>. xxvii. UtH§,'2'2.
Brick Kartii— i. Fisher, 110. KIuk, 115.
Brick and Tile Machines -v. Greaturex, 415. vi.
Iieiirt,30l. Bradley & Co., 310. Hart. 308. IX. Grimi-
ley, 130. Jonet, 133. AVIiil«heui>, PjO.
JBelyium, KeiMlf, 137. United f,l .te$, Adanif. 570.
Cochran, UI. St* uUo Drain Tilt and Piftt Machinit.
Brick Window Framed— xxvii. Key, 1.'6.
Bridub GiRDERii (Model)— VII, Todd, 03.
Briuoes, Foot (Mudela)— vii. Williams, 109.
Bridobs, Portable— VII. Lowe, 33.
Belgium, L)e Pauw, 48.5,
Brukies, Hailway, &c. (ModeU)— Salter, page 851. vii,
Byne, 3a. Freeman 177. Leather, 107. McKirdy,4.
Perkes & Co., 163. Hennie, 08. Sadler, 61. IX.
Sawney, 31. Spurgin, 76.
Belgium, Van Eucheii, 137. Canada, Lewii, 211.
Imfia, VII. Aew South Walts, Shieldi, 18.
Netherlandt, Conrad, 90.
United Statet, New York Iron Bridge Company, 147,
611 (Main Avenue, Rait).
Vai* JHemen's Land, Blackburn & Thomion, 313.
Thcmion, 344. See alio Sutpention Bridget. Tim-
her Viaduct,
Bbxen Boroiume'b Harp (Model of)— xxx. (Fine Art
Court) Ball, 157.
Brighton Chain Pier (Model) — vii. Brown, Sir S., 334.
Bristles — Belgium, Hauieni-Hap, 257. Somse-Maliy,
2b5. India, iv.
Buuia, Ercliofl', 339. Koriakin & MoujikofT, 134. Se-
menutr&Faleyeir, Brolheri, 135. ZolotorelT, 136.
Zolherein ( I ), Foeie, h 13. Hucke, 697.
Britannla Briimie (Model)— vii. Claik, 106 (Main
Avenue, Weit).
Britannia Metal Goods — xxiii. Broadliead It Atkini,
43. Dixon & Sons, 3». Uwen & Levick, 41 .
BRITI8H Metropolitan Necropolis (Model) — xxx.
(Fine Art Court) Willwn, 304.
Brocades— XI. Owtram & Co., 02. xii. & xv. Blake-
ley, 285. Kay & Co., 186. Groivenor, 53. xiu.
Dulhoit, 12.
Aii»tria, Giani, 297. Koitner, 264. Lemann & Son, 265.
India, xv.
Rutsia, Kolokolnikoff, 203. Sapognikoff, 372. Sitoff,
Brothen, '20.', 323. Tuscany, Kiva & Mafl'ei, 63.
Brocatelle for Curtains, &c. — xui. Stillwell &Son, 7.
XX VI. Crace, 530.
Bbomelia Fibre — Trinidad, Lord Harrii.
Bronze Colours and Powders— iSoUveretn (2), Benda,
I, 9. Birkner & Hartman, 2. Brnndeii, 3. Fuchi &
Sons, 4. Haeiile, 47. Lepper, 6. Meier, 3b. Rau, 13.
Btober, 16. Stoeben & Son, 7, 16.
Bronze Frames— /Vance, Carre, 445.
Bbo' ze Medals — Sardinia, Cavigiuli, 87.
Bronze Wares— CAi/ia, Iteevei.
JVuMe, Delaeour, 1582. Fetu, 1601. Henry, 1622.
Levy, Brulhen, O'lO. Hohin, 1447. VillemMiii, 1707.
Zolhtriin (4), Krhaidl & Sum. A3.
URONZKS-Wyali, |Mge f)53. Cmlbroiik Dale Company,
XXII. 041. xxx. (Fine Art Court) Gardie, 261. Hal-
Held, <'<.'>. ILiwkiiii, 132. Peachey, 320. Kichardiun,
l:)3.
Autlria, Berg, 579. Gamr, 703.
Z/#/(/lH»i, liiicliaul, 498, Jacquet, 461. Leoherf, 479.
China, Baring, Brotlieri, Hewelt 8t Co. Lindiay.
Franct, Barliailienira & Co., 1700, 1723. Bunnoaiex,
64. Boulonnoii, 433, lioyer, 7U. Brocot, 441.
Buignier, 1134. Cain, 1120. Cordier, 460. D«
Briiux-D'Anglure, 770. Eck & Durand, 1 2 1 1 . Fratin,
12:l5. Gillul, 840. Grignon, 1617. Lnurean, 293.
Lcrullee, Brothen, 1318. Lombard, 913. Mattit'ut, 033.
Mene, 630. Miroy, Brotheri, 646. Moriiot, 031.
Paillard, 1713. Pradier, 1407, Saye, 1601. Sum*,
Brotheri, 1033. Vittoi, 1530. Weygaud, 740.
Hanover, BernitorfT tt Kicliwede, 8,
Netherlands, Luraico, Brotlieri, 160,
Kustia, Krumbigel, 3a7. Spain, Nauri, 281.
Sweden, Bergilrom, 08.
Tuiumnij, Ciutuli, 106, Dnpre, 105,
Zullverein (I), Uernhard Allnger, 300. Blaeier, 310.
Kiniie<lel, 762. l^adilerjuliii, 294. Fiiclier, 296.
Fleiichmann, 763. Frani, 203. Fribel, 289 (Main
Avenue, Kual). Frnh, 298. Kalide, 289 (Main
Avenue, Eoit). Keiiler, 209 (Main Avenue, Bait).
Kill, 270 (Main Avenue, Kuit). Konaruwiki, 3U0.
Moeller, 292. MUller, 00, 287 (Main Avenue, I'lalt).
Wild It liobinion, S80. (2), Grenantb, Brothen, 95.
Miller, 90.
Brooch-Fasteners and Protectors— xxiii. Gowland,
60. Kettall, 63. Tucker, 10. Witetliil, 65.
Brooches (Highland)— xx. Macdougull, 83.
Brooms— &• Brushes and Brooms.
Brown Colour (from the Smut of Corn)— ii. Parrolt, 46.
Brushes, Artists' and Painters'— xxviii. Child, 61.
Frinneby, 181. Naili, 68. RIgby, 58. Smith, 55a.
Austria, Lang, 3 >0. France, Pitet, 059. Preibourg, (i89.
Brushes, Plate, &c.— xxviii. Dow, 20. Jackion, 21.
Brushes, Shoe, &c. xxviii. Haitingi, 3.
Brushes, Toilet— xvi. Burgeu, 244. xxviii. Baker,
84. Child, 61. Coate & Co., 91. GoineU & Co.,
05, Hamilton, 177. Hawkini, 2U0. Hawley, J. & T.,
161, Low 8t Co., 30. Rou & Soni, 64. Titterton,
93, Truefitt, r>9.
Austria, Pattnk, 350. Ritter, 696.
Belgium, Loncke-Haeie, 430.
France, Laurenfot, 1296. Paillete, 1377.
United States, Clinton, 190.
Zollverein (4), Klein, 80. (5), Rhr, 25.
Brushes and Brooms (Varioui, including Clotiiei and
otlier Brushei, Floor and other Broomi) — xxil. Alton,
367. xxviii. Cook,34. Huide, 196. Slajie, (>7.
.<4u«(m, Pattak, 350.
Belgium, I>oncke-Hiieie, 430. Some, J., 268. Somie-
Maliy, 365.
Canada, Brainerd, 83. Nelwn, & Co. 84. Wheeler, 167.
France, Dufour, 174. Fauquier- Lemaiire, 9U2. Lau-
-enfof, 1296. Paillele, 1.377.
Netherlands, Dirks, 39. Sardinia, Fino, 77. Montu &
Co., 78. Sweden, Carlwon, 110,
United States, Barnard, 17. Clinton, 190. Eaton, 28.
Henry, 5U8. Moore, 149. Rowe, 326. Sanderson,
004a. Tuply, Brothen, 920, Tew,320F. Warner &
Co., 431. Van Diemen's Land, Rout, 173.
Zollverein (1), Engeler & Son, 242. (4), Klein, 80.
(9), Klir, 25. See alio Bristles. Brushes, Artists'
and Painters'. Brushes, Toilet, Feather Broums.
Buckingham Paij^ce, Model of i. Fire-place in —
vii. Quincey, 146.
Buckles — France, Mathieu, 617.
Buckskins — Austria, Brunn Trade Union, 313. Stelfens,
232.
Zollverein (I), Merkelbach St Son, 351. Muller, 352.
OflTermann, 350. OBrffen & Ax, 667. Sauerbier,
353. Scheibler, 354. (3), Bernard, 121. HuefTer,
111. Kiiiteu, 113. Lehmann, 107. Mueller ft
nKSCRIBEl) IN THE CATALOQUE.
xli
J., 268. Somie-
0, 77. Montu &
I, 313. Steffeni,
Co., 113. BpaiiKltr, 117. ZMhilU * Cu., 110.
(7), OudiohaiK, lirittlitti, I.
BuauM-viii. Sliaw, 3.}4. x. McN«ill, Ol'i.
UuuL Work xxvi. liwultlla, 1!)3. Kark, 130. ,s'm
also AtaniHilrU,
BuiLDiNU Matkriam-i. l^a, lat. mil, 200. LUkmra
C»inmitt«i>, 167. St. Aiiildl Cominillto, 168.
BuNioNn, Api'aratui ruH thk ('urk or— x. LaiwRMi, 728.
BuRNiiiTiieu TiNBEH, Canva*, &o.— IV. Burii«t, Sir
W., 7.
BtiRNiiAN LioiiTiitiViB (MikI«I)-xxix. Flrtch«r, 344.
BVRNINHINO 8tonb» (fur PUt«, &c.)— xxix. Cliainber-
lain, XII. France, DeKarillii, 1174.
Bum, 'I'HR LATR M AHiiUU or, Statue III', Tliomat, pag* 853.
BuTTKR— iii/y/j/, 03.
I'raiwt, Diiiaiit & Hiictt*, 1190. Omliii, 1376.
irm/crn^/rtcd, M'WIIIiani. Wetton,!. iSm alto CAitrM.
IIUTTER FhinT8 AND liOARDS— IX. Jully, d!>.
BtiTTKH TtOM-ix. Jutly, 60. Eyi/pt, 361.
Button Faitenino«~xxiii. Hanting & Co., 74.
BuTTONi, Horn— XXII. Ingram, 304. Weill, 200. xxix.
WriKlit, IM.
AiiMlria, Kratichimann, 607.
Zi>Uverein{l), Teinclikv, 35H. Weirlirr & Straitnanii, 034
BuTTONa, Leather— XVI. ilidden, 313. Judge, 41.
Buttons, Metal (Military, Naval, &o.)— viii. Firiniii
& Soni, 1^11. Jeiinen & Co., 201. xx. Firmiii &
Smii, 161. WtMidliouae, 18U. XXll. Ciiatwin &
Soiii, 286. Rlliolt & Soni, 3U'.>. Uammund* & Co.,
382. Hardmaii & Co., 28 1. Kiiowlet, as9. Pigott
& Co., 281. Sinilli & Co., 395. Twigg, O. & W., 270.
Biwiia, Buch, 280. Switzerland, Sclieitliii, 217.
Zollverein (I), Caroii, 693. Greef & Son, 693. liuiterey,
648. Kitzel, 630. Turk, 636.
Button, Metal, Machinery— vi. Jaquin, 68. 5ee alio
Uiei.
Buttons, Mother of Peabi., &c.— xx. Harding, 311.
XXII Banki, 287. BritlMnd, 364. Smith, Kemp, &
Co., 393. Wheeler, 799.
Attttria, Arrer, 669. Meliner, 698.
Z<yllKerein (I), Trittchke, 238.
BinroNS, Screw — Finance, Itedelix, 1424.
Buttons, Self-adjusting — xxii. Lee, 603,
BuTTONB, Silk, Stuff, &c.— xiii. Stubbe, 43. Wetton
& Son, 46.
France, Dabaret-Tampe, 132. Martin, 613. Mornieux,
IS62. Turkev.
Zollverein (1), Greeff, Bredt, & Co., 900. Grelich &
GreifT, 537. Langenbeck & Martini, 376. Trapp-
matin & Spiti, 964. Weyerhuich, 370.
Zollverein (3), Hillroann, 160. Muehlenderlein, 137.
Oehiiig & Schmidt, 134. Uhlig'i Widow & Junker,
133. (6), Schmidt, 38.
Buttons, Wirb— xxix. Fisher, 220.
Cabdaoe Oil,— Belyiiim, Debbauit, 92.
Cabin FtBNiTURE (Ship's)— VIII. King, 19. xxvi. Tay-
lor & Sons, 9. See also Tables for Ships' Cabins.
Cabinets & Cabinet Work — xxiii. Slieffleld School of
Deiign, 39. xxvi. Arrowimith, H. & A., 383. Bamp-
ton, 123. Belleaby, 143. Clieek,46. Uoveston, 122.
Engliih, 57. Footliorape & Co., 132. Halbeard &
Welliugi, 131. Hanson & .Sons, 197. Harrison's
Wood Carvinif Co., 222. Hayball, 344. Herbert,
67. Howard & Sou, 238. King, 113. Medcalf, 80.
Smee & Son, 1 74. Tanner, 63. Toms & Luscomb-,
178. XXVIII. Hayden, 132. xxix. Burch & Son,
3U9. Hiiie,47. Hodge, 313. xxx. (Fine Art Court)
Freeman, too. Ingram, 321.
.^{(^ert'a, Cailliez, 13. Converso, 21.
Austria, Klanner, 642. Belgium, Demanet, 402.
South Africa, Woodman, 26.
Ceylon, Kitchen. China,
France, JeaiaeXme, 1276. Laurent, 564. Tahan, 1556.
Hamburgh, Aspern, 88. Mehne, 81.
Lttbeck, Keeper, 11. New South Wales, Burchett, 8.
i^ussia, Gambs, 297. iS[ir(/i'nta,Griva,65. Martinotti, 62.
Switzerland, Vogel, 226. Wettli, 237.
Tuscany, Barbetti, 74.
United States, State of Maryland, 371.
Van hiemerii Land, Hamilton, 8.
Zollverein (\), lianer, 223. liauinann, 221. Dreuiikv,
2tS. Iligcn, 770. Illlgen, 639. I'alltnUrK, 421.
Kicht, 22U. Hchievelbein, 237. (2), Barth, Brolhera,
67. Fortner, 6U.
Cables, Ships'— vii. Brnwn, Sir S., 334. Relgium, Gmiis,
237. See also Chain Cablet,
CArVBINB— 11. .S|wncer. 31.
Caukn — 8«« Aviary, liird-Caget,
Cairngorm Htonks— i. Jumieson, 23. xxiii. Wei|bton
& Son, 22.
C^ake-brkakino Machine* (fur Cattle and Manure)— ix.
Horniliy & .Son, 2<3. Stanley, I.
Calabahhes .|yrt'a'sAOui'(inu,Outridgf, 148B-I33. West-
irn j^f'rica, Jamlrenn, Sb.
Trinidad, l^iid Harris.
Western Africa, Jamitson, 3b, 22. M'William. Trot-
ter, 5.
Calamine - /ndia, i.
i?u//if<r(i'n(l), llagen, 322, Mala|«ne Royal Pruseian
Iron Works, 2.
Calcareous Grit — Van Viemen'i Land, Dcnison, Sir
W. T., 272.
Calcined Straw— iv. Crowcher, 3*.
Calculating .Machines— x. Wertheimer, 387.
France, Claii 1151. Delabaume, ^^81, Hamtnii,
861. Ma :, Jaget, ACo., 631. 1nnmai,390.
Russia. SlalVel, 148. Switterla ' /, Schilt, 59.
Calder Suspension Aqueduct (Model)— vii. Leather,
107 (Main Avenue, >Vest>
Calicoes — xi. Glover &, Dunn, bj.
Belgium, De Dan. 180. Di weime, 29.*) Idiert, 'A37.
VerlniUt & Co., 389. Vuiirinian, 394.
France, Denis, 161. Gros-Odier-Knma , \ Co., 218.
Hartmann & Sons, 236. Japiui A ? i.., ,^74. Ouri-
camp .Society, 379.
Portugal, Scutch Linen Trade, 701-704.
Russia. Kabeneck, 173. t^: \.-'n'a, Annecy & Pont, ..4.
Switzerland, Greater & R .'ter, jfcuther*, 133. Heimuun,
194. Suiter, 187.
United States, Globe Print Company, 31. Paige & Co.,
436.
Zollverein (1), Dockm'iihl, Schieper, & Hecker, 600.
Dannclierg & Sun, 710. Kliruulierg & Ricliter, 750.
Hagen Turkey Red Dyeing Company, 602. Lupp &
Son, 605. Nauen, Loewe, It Co., 93. Rolfli &
Co., 34;>. West huff. Brothers, 599. (3), Becker &
Sclirapi, 84.
Calico for Bookbinding. See Bookbinding, MntMah
for.
Cauco, &c.. Printing (Illiistrations and Specimens of; —
II. Johnson, 60. xvui. Andrews & Co., 3. Ashworth,
87. Kayley & Craven, 34. Benecke & Co., 42.
Black & Co., 51. Braniley, 84. Burd & Sons, 36.
Collins, 86. Dalglelsh & Co., 27. Ewing & Co.,
67. Hargreavei & Co., 38. Hoyle & Sons, 36.
McCpX im, 64. Mercer, 48. Nelson & Co., 30.
Potter .V i )., 30. Sale, 39. Sulis & Co., 41.
Simp) ". .'.', Co., 47. Strinet Printing Company, 28.
Swanick ii Co., 33, Waterhouse, 73.
France, Feltrappe, 1600. India, xviii. See also Colourt
(for Calico-Frinting, ^c). Printed Fabrics (^Design*
for).
Ca^i^co Printing Machinery— vi. Dalton, 4. Mather,
16. xxviii. Clayton, 06.
Californiam Gold, Sjjeciment of— i. Marriott, 530
(Main Avenue, East).
Caluorapby (Specimens of)— xvii. Caffry, 167. Gard-
ner, 199. 'Wilson, 178.
.<4us<rta, Greiner, 374a. Schutz, 375.
Denmark, Scholer, 37. France, Berliner, 52.
United States, Duiilop, 483. Stanton, 367.
Zollverein (1), Heinrigs, 837.
Calotvfe Apparatus — x. Bingham, 302. Home & Co.,
220.
Calotvpe'' Process (Illustrations of)— x. Colls, R. & L,,
303. Field & Son, 250. Hcnneman & Co., 297.
Owen, 670. xxx. (Fine Art Court) Buckle, 301
(Main Avenue, West). Harmer, 298. Hill, 30O.
Jersey and Guerntey, Collie, 22.
xlii
ALPHABETICAL AND CLASSIFIED LIST OF ARTICLES
m
I
Camalosb (Pictiire-frame made of) — Mexico, the Mexican
Commiuinnera,
Cambrics— XI. Moir & Co., 59. xii. & xv. Salomons &
Sons, 3US. XIV. Hell & Co., 6. Hulilen & Co., 1.
Ricliardson & Co., 21. Sadler, 30.
Austria, Leitenberger, 186, 1S7.
Belgium, Dommer, 233. £gvpt, 179. 183.
France, Boniface & Sons, 32. Godard & Bontemra,
24U. Guynet & Becquet, 254. Legrand, 1313.
Meattvier & Hamoir, 636.
Jiussia, Cliarlovetx, 374. Proklioroff, Brothers, 349.
Switzerland, Raschle & Co., 168.
Zollverein ( I), VVestermann & Sons, ,544. (3), (ilaeser, 63.
Cambridge Assize Courts (Model)— vii. Salter, 120
(Muin Avenue, West).
Camew' tiAiA—Hiisaia, Bashkirs Tribe, 133, 200.
Jhmis, 190. Tiirke;/.
Camels' Hair Cu>th — Russia, Dourassoff, 197. No-
guisk Tartars, 196. 7>(r*ey.
Cameos and Cameo EMBossiNa— xxiii. Paravagna &
Casella, 84. xxv. Wed);wo(id & Sons, 6. xxix.
Thompson. 209. xxx. (Fine Art Court) Brett, 32
Nicliols, 251. Whitinff, 123. Wood, 209. «.
Belgium, Julin, 383. China.
' Venmarh, Petersen, 35. Conradsen, 36.
France, Dafrique, 1575. Netherlands, Dionisy, 106.
Rome, Deos, 49. Manley, Gen,, 32a. Savalini, 24,
Camera Obscura (Photograpliic and other)— x. Abraliam
& Co., 263. H.iss, 254 (Main Avenue, West). Varley
& Son, 257. Willats, T. & R., 263.
France, Mayer, Brothers, 623.
United States, Harrison, 223.
CAMOMII.E Flowers — iii. Carleton, 3.
Camphine — XXII. Salt and Lloyd, 343.
Camprine Lamps — Zollverein (6), Reis & Co., 49.
Camphor and its Preparations — II. Howards & Kent,
11. Murray, Sir J., 87.
China, France, Conrad, 1156.
Camwood Dye — Western Africa, M'William.
Canal Boat Weighing Machine— v. Pooley, 784.
Canal Lift, or Utdro-pneumatic Elevator— v. Lead-
lietter, 630. vii. Watt, 20.
Candelabra — xxiii. Hunt & Roskell, 97 (Main Avenue,
West). Mayer, 14. Smith, Nicholson and Co.,
110. XXIV. Pellatt & Co., 33. xxvi. Nutchey,
258. Wills & Bartlett, 160. xxx. (Fino Art Court)
Romoli, 331. Stevens, 158.
Austria, Hullenbach, 581. Salra, Prince, 430 (Main
Avenue, East). China.
France, Marcliand, 607. Susse, Brotliers, 1023.
/famidrj/A, Schultz, 112. India, xxvi.
Russia, llhopin, 365. Krumbigel, 2S7. Sazikoff, 366.
Slitange and Vezfel, 370.
Su-eden, Bergstrom, 08.
Candelabrum (Design for) — Austria, Bougiovanni, 741,
Candle <'ap — xxix. Joni-s, 95.
Candle Mould Frame— vi. Biertumpfel, 506.
Candles, Bitusien— i. Gowans, 132.
Candles, Mineral— xxix. Mitchell, 94.
Candles, Wax, Tallow, Composite, Stearine, &c. —
II. Hiiml'rey, 78. iv. Barclay & Son, 24. Freeman,
25. Prices Paient Co., 83. xxvi. Tucker & Co., 536.
xxix. Brien, 90. Dixon, 91. Hale, 99. Morrell, 92.
Austria, Ciukelius, 45. Hermannvtadt Steariue Candle
Company, 42. Pfitzner & Beckers, 41. Vienna
Stearine Candle (Apollo Candle) Company, 39.
Stearine Candle (Milly Candle) Company, 40.
.Betyii/m, Delstanche, 433. Quannone, 431. Vancani-
penhoudt, 436. Canada, Matthewson & Son, 329.
China, East India Company. Denmark, Holmblad, 27.
Eqijpt, 200.
Jra/ice, Delacreiaz & Co., 158. Do Millv, 044. Don-
neaud & Co., 478. Dumortier & Co., 1593. Jaillon
& Co., 273. MAsse, 1346. Netherlands, Brandon, 70.
Nova Scotia, Central Committee, 2.
Portugal, Carvalho, 1212.
Russia, Aifian, 306. MHnufncturiug Company, .363.
Mdtisen & Co., 303. Nilson & Junker, 308. Pitau-
sier, 307. Sai)elkin, 309.
Sardinia, Quito, 23. Ron & Co., 6,
Spain, Bert, 2J5, 246.
Sweden and Norway, Hierta & Michaelson, 99, Johani*
son, 17, 08. Lamm, 18.
United States, Emory, 18. Macy & Sonii, 308.
Van Diemen's Land, Murray, 40.
Zollverein (1), Motard, 262. (4), Reugs, 99. See also
Spermaceti. Stearine.
Candlesticks— XXII. Bluws & Sons, 349. Sweden, Mol-
lenbor^, 60.
Cane-top Cutter — ix. Ransomes & May, 1 24.
Cannel Coal — See Coal, Anthracite.
Cannon (Models, &c.) — viii. Fer);UBon, 184. Fitcmaiw
rice, 283. Gardner, 280. Haughter, 295. Lilly-
white, 273. Munro,i82. Tylden, 276. x. Webster,
671a. XXII. Daniell, 607. Hird & Co., 85.
.Ce/^t»)n,Doalrewe,149. Royal Cannon Foundry, 142.
Canada, Bartram, 162.
France, Delvigne, 473. India, viii,
Spain, Onate Ordnance Office, 262 (Main Avenue.East).
Seville Cannon Foundry, 263 (Main Avenue, Kast).
Sweden, Baron Wahremlorff, 32. Bergqi'.ist, 80,
Zollverein (I), Kriipp, 677.
Cannon Locks- iv. Kvans, 9a.
Portugal, Bobone, 643, 644.
Canohs — New Jiruittwick, Grey, the Dowager Lady, 1.
United Stales, Capers, 174. See also Boats, Ships\ ^t
Canterbury Pilgrims (Carving in Oak)— xxviii. Hal
liday, 137.
Canthabides — II. Burt, 85. Dirhey,
Cantharidine— II. Burt, 85. Smith, T. & H. 94.
Canvas— VIII. Margary, 87. xiv. Anderson, 86.
Biidport Local Committee, 73. Dundee Locai Com-
mittee, 63. Fraser, 79. Hayward & Sous, 44. Jame-
son & Co., 60. Plummer, 78. Ramsey & Co., 83.
Belgium, Kums, 468.
India, xi. xiv. Netherlands, Theunissen, 39.
Portugal, 670. Janqueria Manui'actoiy, 635, 636.
Torres Novas Company, 658-660.
Spain, Manufactory of Isabel II., 193.
Switzerland, Heiniger, 124.
Zollverein (6). Bingman, 83. See also Sail-cloth.
Canvas fob Embroidery — xix. Hall, 185.
Zollverein (1), Menken, 581.
Canvas for Painting— xxx. (Fine Art Court) Robert-
son & Co., 6.
Belgium, Van Nuffel and Coveliers, 225.
France, Haro, 866.
Zollverein (2), Srhutzmann, 40. (3), Einenkel, 165.
Caoutchouc, and Manufactures thereof — i. Turner,
223. IV. Granville & Co., 116, viii. Hodges, 269, ix.
Burgess & Key, 237.' xx. Joubert, 40. xxil. Sparks,
430. XXVIII. Bnnu&Co., 77. Hancock, 83. Hodges,
72. Horsey, 188. Mackintosh & Co., 76. Mathews,
81. Nickels & Co., 78. Sanders, 73.
British uuiana, Outridge, 47 & 4S,
France, Ihiquet and Perrier, 1116, Ducourtiouz, 1199,
Grosmann & Wagner, 830. Huet, 270. Leblond, 1'97.
Rabourdin, 141C. Vie, 726.
India, iv. Fastern Archipelago, Hammond & Co., 2.
Netherlands, Rooyackers & Son, 32.
Russia, Lerkhe, 311. Switzerland, Piece, 233.
United States, Day, 308. Goodyear, 378. Goodyear
Rubber Co., 295. Hayward Rubber Co., 294. Moul-
toii, 534, Ross, 584.
ZoUverein (1), Hoeltring & Hoeffkeii, 662. Rompler,
781. See a.\io Gutta Percha. Waterproof Fahrici,
Cape Town (Model of)— Cope of Good Hope, Foord, 30.
Capers— Por/Hi/a/, 432.
Caps, Men's— See Hats and Caps.
Caps (Travelling)— xx. Braund, 66. Halev, 124.
Cap Peaks (Leather)— xx. Garrard, R. & J, 61.
Capsicums— iynoVi Guiana, Shier, 21-24. Stutclibury,
2.T. Portugal, 445. Spain, Manso, 133.
Capstans, Ships'— viii. Salter, 116.
France, Barbotin & Legofl', 1083.
Capsules for BoTTLia- xxvi. Kendal, 246.
France, Dnpre, 493.
Cap-sules ofCopaiiiv— i'or/«(/«/, Norberfo, 617,
Sardinia, Scula, 16,
Capsules, Medicinal— Lehuby, 302,
DESCKIBED IN THE CATALOGUE.
xliii
aelaon, 99, Johaitf
: SoiiR, 306.
Reuis, S9. See alao
349. Sweden,^o\-
May, 124.
on, 184. Fitzmaii*
ughter, 295. Lilly-
-m. X. Webster,
& Co., 85.
lion Foundry, 142.
ilain ATenue.Eant).
in Avenue, Ea»t).
rgqirUt, 80.
>owager Lady, I.
> Boats, Ships', fft
>ak)— XXVIII. Hal
, T. & H. 94.
Anderson, 86.
undee Local Com-
I Suns, 44. Jame-
iinsey & Co., 85.
lissen, 39.
ictoiy, 636, 656.
13.
Sail-cloth.
185.
rt Court) Uobert-
25.
Eiiienkel, 165.
;BKor— I. Turner,
llodj,'e», 269. ix.
XXII. Sparks,
iock, 83. Hudges,
., 76. Matbews,
ucourtioux, 1199.
0. Lebloud, i'97.
mond & Co., 2.
cp, 233.
378. Goodyear
3o.,294. Moul-
662. Rompler,
ttproqf Fabrics,
iupe, Fourd, 30.
lev, 124.
J. 61.
4. Sfutclibury,
133. '
i6.
o, 617.
Cardboard Cuttino and Printing Machine— vi.
Church and ttuddurd, 1 3').
Cardboard Models (Arcbilectural, &c.) — Salter, (lage
851. Wyatt & Uraiidon, page 834. xxx. (Fine Art
Court) Spiers & Son. 361. Swain, 176.
Carding — Portugal, Loureiro, 647.
Carding Combs (Cast Steel)— France, Raguenet, 1417.
Carding Engines — vi. Mawun, 46. Parr, Curtis, &
Aladeley, 6.
Cards (for Cotton and Wool Carding)— vi. Rigge & Co.,
63. Belgium, F«-tu k Cu., 120.
France, Cupnin, 128. Surive, Krothers, 1005. Whitaker
& Co., 741. United States, Bryant, 184.
Zollverein (1), IJhlhorn, 475.
Cards (Paiier) —i/e^um, Olenisson & Vangenechten.
286.
JTance,Bondon,63. Brear.te,36. Miroude, Brothers, 645.
CABD-8"TriNG Machines— VI. Crabtree, 3.
Frai , Papivoino & Chaiel, 339.
CAHDWi.E— t^mterf States, Washburn & Co., 421.
Carmine— 11. Godfrey & Cooke, 92. Marshall, 68.
Austria, Pets, 28.
ifussttr, Tchuplatofl; 315. Voloskoff, A., 317. Volos-
kjff, M., 316.
Carpe.-'^ers' Tools— Sec Tbols {Carpenters' ^-c).
Carpe' c -XII. & XV. Schwann, 113. Wilson & Son,
468. XIX. Bright & Co., 115, 4Ul. Brinton & Sons,
110. Brown & Co., 114. Cardinal & Co., 321.
Cole & Son, 132. Crossley & Sons, 142. Dove &
Co., 155. Dowbiggen & Co., 156. George, 175.
Gilbert, 176. Gregory & Co., 182. Hailing & Co.,
212. Harris & Co., 192. Henderson & Co., 200.
Henderson & Widnell, 201. Hindley & Sons, 206,
Holmes, 208. Humphries, 210. Jackson & Graham,
390. Kiteley, 226. Lapworth, 232. McFarlane,
Brothers, 243. Monkhouse & Son* 2.')1. Morant, J.,
391. Morton & Sons, 252. Newcomb & Jones, 237.
Newton & Co,, 258. Sewell, Evans, & Co., 288.
Sheridan, 294. Shirer, 206. Simcox, 302. Temple-
ton & Co., 315. Turbeville & Co., 318. Watson,
Bell & Co., 337. Waugh & Son, 339. White, Son &
Co., 343. Whitwell & Co., 345. Woodward, 354.
Woodward & Co. 355. Wright & Co., 358. xxvi.
Crace, 530. Jackson & Graham, 261a. Morant, 164.
Algeria, Delegate of Algiers, 58. Haractas Tribe,
56. Si Ahmed-el-Hachemi, 48.
Austria, Dierzers, Heirs of, 244. Fusinata, 300.
Belgium, Fretigny, 342. Royal Carpet Manufactory, 297.
Verdure, 296. Wvinknecht, 259.
Canada, Barber, 140. Gamble, 139.
Denmark, Warming, 7. Egi/pt, 249.
France, Braqtienie & Co., 435. Flaissier, Brothers, 204.
Gobelins Manufuctuty, 1360. Laroque & Jaquemet,
901. Lecun&Cu., 130'i. Queru& Co., 1415. Salland-
rouze de Lamornaix, 146S. ^am&u>^A, Appel, 119.
India, xix.
Netherlands, Myihm, 41, Henkeusfeldt, 42. Kroonen-
burg, 43. Nova Scotia, Central Committee, 2.
Persia, Copeland. Watson, Hell & Co.
Portugal, Daupias & Co., 895-898.
Eussia, Baba-lmau-Verdi-Ogli, 264. Kcrbalay-Khooda-
Aghali-Ogli, 203.
Switzerland, Hermann, 194. Zuppinger, 209.
Tunis, 19, 20. Turkei/.
United States, Lawrence & Co., 409.
ZbWoeretn (1), Beckh, Brothers, 174. Dinglinger, 175.
Gmssmaim, 752. Lipke, 165. Oston, 150. Patey,
169. (3), Beck & Heynlg, 148, 149. (,•)), Vaconius,
15. See also Druggets. Felt Carpeting.
Carpets (Worked by band)— xix. Barclay, 38'J. Cham-
bers, 126. Coveiiey, Mrs., 139. Ladies of Great
Britain, 379. xx. Mucdougall, 83. Austria, Thorn])-
liusaia, Sliechtel, 357.
Carpets (Designs for)— XIX. George, 381. Lawaon,235A,
325. Waugh & Son, 339. xxx. (Fine Art Curt)
Lawton, 357. Somerset House School of Lesign, 10.
France, Chebeaux, 1 146. Grandbarbe, 244.
Carpet Cleaning (Procesi oH— xxvi. Arrowsmith,
H. & A., 383.
Carpet Loom fat work)— xix. Jackson & Grabam, 300
(North Transept).
Carpet Shuttles- xxix. Quin, 230.
Carpet Strainer— xxvi. Wuo<lman, 73.
Carriages (Vurions, incliuting Models) — v. Anderson,
801. Andrews, J. 80.3. Andrews, R. 802. Bascombe,
804. Bishop, »06. Black & Co., 806. Booker &
Sons, 809. Bowler, 756. Briggs & Co., 811. Brown,
Marshall & Co., 8i2. Brown, Owen & Co., 813.
Browne, 814. Cable, 808. Chand & Munro, 819.
Cuates & Blizard, 815. Cook, Rowley & Co., 816.
Corben & Sons, 818. Cousins & Sun, 820. Croall
& Co., 824. Crosskill, 826. Davies, 828. Duiiield
ft Co., 844. Fowler & Fry, 843. Fuller, G. & T.,
845. Greville, 856. Hadley, 860. Hallmarke &
Co., 862. Harvey, 946. Hill & Stone, 970. Holmes
& Co., 872. Ho<.>per, 874. Home, 880. Hutton &
Son, 884. Kent, 892. Kesterton, 894. Kinder &
Wheeler, 805. Kings, 896. Ma8on,910. Middleton,
W.&C, 914-916. Mitchell, 918. Mulliner, F., 922.
Mulliner, H. 924. Newbam, 926. Nurse & Co., 932.
OiTurd, 934. Peters & Suns, 938. Quan & Suns,
940. Rigby & Lee, 947. Robinson & Co., 950.
Ruck & Son, 956. Saunders, 938. Shanks, 962. Silk
& Brown, 968. Swain, 976. Thomson, 978. Thorn,
W. & F., 979. Thrupp, 982. 1 ilbury, 984. Vezey,
R. & K., 988. Walker & Gilder, 989. Ward, 990.
Wyburn, Meller, & Turner, 996.
Austria, Knierim, 107. T,,aurenzt, JOS.
Belgium, Deman, 116. Junes, Brothers, 118. Van
Aken, 121, Van Aken & Son, 122.
Canada, Laurin, 180. McLean & Wright, 178.
O'Meara, M., 179. Ceylon.
France, Arnoux, 1542. Belvalette, Brothers, 50. De-
longueil, 1585. Dumaine, 490. Dupasquier, 1205.
Hayot, 258. Moussard, 657.
Hamburgh, Cruigsan & Lautenstein, 7. India, v,
Bussia, Babounoff, 345, JakolefT, Brothers, 344. Tou-
liakuir, Qrotliera, 346. Sardinia, Bertiuetti, 61,
Sweden, Wegelin, 53.
United States, Aitman. 174a. Gould & Co., 98. Rid-
dle, 466. Watson, 53, 361. Wood &Tomlinson, 3S6.
Zollverein (1), Friedrich, 49. Mengelbier, 340. (6),
Dick & Kirscbten, 17. See also Omnibuses. Kailway
Carriages. Wheels, Carriage, ^c.
Carriages, Hand — xxviii. Hodges, 72, See also In-
valid Wlieel Chairs.
Carriage Axles— See Axles ^ Axlelrees. Railway Axles.
Carriage Fittings (Metal)— xxii. Holden, 348. See
also Coach Ironmongery.
Carriage Jacks — v. Fuljames, 993.
Carriage Retarder — v. Shuir, 971.
Carriage Rugs — xvi. Essex, 326. Robinson, 7. xxviii.
Armstrong, •13.
Carriage Springs — v. Rock, J. jun. 952.
Sweden, Wegelin, 53.
Carriage Time-pieces — xxiii. Ellis & Son, 12.
Carriage Upholstery (Lace Trimmings, &c.) — v.
Diut & Son, 849. Harding & Co., 864. Huttly, 882.
Paternoster, 936. xil. & xv. Fry & Co., 267. Lup-
ton & Co., 33. XIII. Keith & Co., 1. xix. Onion, 66.
^oWyerejn (1), SchaerfF, 118. - .
Carriage Wheels. See Wheels, Carriage.
Cartuane Oil — Egypt, 55.
Cartonpierre (Works in) — xxvi. Jackson & Sons, 5.
xxx. (Fine Art Court) Brown, 264.
France, Cruchet, 810. Lechesne, Brothers, 574.
Zollverein (1), Grupius, 226. (2), Mayer, 70.
Cartridge Cases — xxii. Tarian, 544.
Cartridges— VIII. Cuvers & Lane, 286 a. Eley, W. &
C, 225. Joyce & Co., 277.
Carts and Waggons ffor Agricultural and other Pur-
Soses)- V. Brotherhood, 502. Crosskill, 826. ix.
a\\, 132. Barker, 230. Barrett, Exall & Andrews,
128. Beddon, Capt., 208b. Braby & Sons, 24. Busby,
15. Chard & Munro, 235. Crosskill, 135. Crowley
& Sons, 96. Digges La Touche, 263. Forbes, 2fi9A.
Fowler & Fry, 28b. Glover, 121. Harding, 13.
Harveys & Tait, 16. Kingswell, 26b. Law, 94.
Maynard & Sou, 122. Race, 44. Ransomes & May,
i
ill
xltv
ALPHABETICAL AND CLASSIFIED LIST OF ARTICLES
124. Rol'crtsoii, 26. Smith & S<in, 234. Squires,
144. Swan, 80. xxix. Sprutt, 121. India, ix.
Carvers' Toots — xxi. Addn, J. B., .'3. Addi», S. J.,
1 1 . Matliienn, 32. Howartli, 181.
ZoUverein (4), Boehlerli & Co., 55. Weber, 84.
Carvino Machine— Jordan, page 851. Belgium, Wy-
nants, 47'^.
Carvings, Ivort — See Ivory Carving.
Carvings, Stone— See Stone Carving.
Carvings, W'ooD—Se* Wood Carvi)tgs.
Cash Boxes— .^wstrta, Beill, 438. Wagner, 437.
Cashmeres (including Caihmere Wool)— xii. & xv. Al-
bert, H. H. H. Prince, 500 (Main Avenue, West). Cow-
gill, JesHop & Co., 122. Learoyd, 8'J. Maaon &
Co., 303. Scliolield, A., 474. Scholield, J., 125.
Thornton & Co., 32.
Austria, Posielt, 223. Schmitt, 238. Schoell, 226.
Seidel,228.
France, Bietry & Son, 356. Crocc<, 809. Fean-Bechard,
198. RHndoing,973. Thiurry-Miet,', 15U6. India,xv.
Portugal, 805.
Jtussia, Goutclikoff, 189. MatvielT, 367. ProkhoroiT,
Brothers, 349. Tchuriloflf, 188. Voluer, 190.
United States, Vasselboro Manuf.icturing Comp., 314.
ZoUverein {\y, Buehine, 362. Bruegmann & Co., 363.
Hilger, Brotliers, 874. Grafe & Neviardt, 591. Zum-
bona, 359.
Cashmeres, Waterproof — xxviii. Tullerman, 70.
Casks-vi. Bartow, 613. L»urence, 604. Wild, 8.
xxvni. Mac Gregor, 146. xxix. Briudley, 210.
Warner, 9. Belgium, Van Loy, fiOS.
JPrance, Herviot, 171)8. iSee also Vats.
Cask-tilting Frame— ix. Buddon, 208 b.
Caskets— XXVI. Du Cane, 535. xxviii. Tate, 162. Tus-
cany, Marchetti, 121. See aim) Jewel Cases.
Cassava Jvics— British Guiana, Bee, 29. Stutchbury,
28, 30.
Cassava-sifter — British Guiana, Bee, 134.
Cassava-squeezer— i?rt(iaA Guiana, Shier, 133.
Cassia— Egypt, 19.
Cassimeres ur Kersetmeres— XII. & XV. Brook & Son,
487. Brown & Forster, 9. Peters, 220. Schofield,
474. Sliepherd.W. B. &G.,485. Walker & Sons, 79.
Austria, SteffVns, 232.
France, Machet-Marote, 596. Nanet, 060.
United Slates, Lawrence, Stone & Co., 464. Skinner &
Co., 450.
ZoUverein (1) , Elbers, 348. Menzerath, 356. Fault
& BuchhoU, 3U8.
Cassinets— Si/'itcerZanrf, Ernst, 149.
ZoUverein (3), B.iettiger, 108. Burkhart, 109. Collel,
110. Hueii'er, 111. Kaufmann & Son, 114. Kirs-
ten, 113. Matlhess, 118.
Casting Pots (for Brass, Gold, Silver, &c.)— i. An-
stey, 118.
Castor Oil— Egypt, 24, 71. Russia, MikirticheiT, 73.
Sardinia, Girardi, 5.
Castoreine— II. I.umptough, 71.
Castors (for Furniture) — v. (ireeuway, 698.
France, Roux & Co., 905. See also Brass Foundry.
Catamarans — See L&e-Boats.
Catawba Wine — Lnited States, Bucliaiian, 12. Cor-
near, 13. Duhme, 15. Longwoith, 199, Schumans,
204. Yeatman, 11.
Catcu-key Lock — vii. Cochrane, 1 58.
Catechu — ZoUverein (1), Krimmellbein & Rredt, 457.
Catenary Water-Wheel (Model)— v. Wiglit, 480.
Cattlb Medicines — See Veterinary Medicine»,
Cattle Slaughtering Instrument— x. Titterton, 727a.
Cattlg-weiohino Gauges— X. Tree & Co., 324.
Ceiling Decorations — xxvi. Bay I. Bielereld, 25.
Croughton, 21. Hervieu, 20. Jackson & Sons, 19.
School of DesiKti, 23, -24. Thomas, 22. Bay M.
Calli He Cotti, 24. Jackson & Graham, 23. Jackson
ftSons, 22. Trollope & Son, 21. Bay P. Jones &
Co. (late Robson & Jones), 15. Litbgow & Purdie, I.
Austria, Montanari, 738.
Ceiling Laths— Belgium, Lioen, 138.
Cement (PooIoo'i Chinese, &c.>— ii. Maion, 77. xxn.
Nixey, 640.
Cement, Roman, Portland, &c. (with illustrations of
theirapplication) — Western end, South Knclosure (Out-
side), GreaveH, 7. Rubins & Co., 5. Towler, 27.
White & Sons, 10. l. Dyer. 131b. Fahie, 30.
Greaves, 99. MacAnaspie, P. & J., 131a. Monkland
Iron & Sletd Company, 426. Pilier, T. & W., 130a.
Randall, 275. Sweelman, 40. Thome, 473. White
& Sons, 130, 130a. ii. Nixey, 112. xxvii. Francis
& Sons, 47. Griffiths & Strong, 67. Robins & Co.,
103. Stevens & Sons, 24. xxx. (Fine Art Court)
Pulham, 216.
France, Rt-gny & Co., 1427. New Zealand, Smith, 19.
ZoUverein (I), Eisner^ Co., 4. See also Chalk Cement.
Dolmite. Gypsum, Hydraulic Cement.
Cenotaph (of Granite>— i-rance, Puillen, Brothers, 962.
Censers — China, Sicliart & Co. See also Ecclesiastical
Furniture.
Centripetal Punch and Gauge— x. Park, 337.
Chacoes and Helmets (Military) — xx. Uuckmaster &
Co., I. Canada, Alio, 81. Morriti, 334.
Chaff-cutting Machines — ix. Alcock, 27. Barret &
Co., 128. Bland, 205. Cornes, 83. Cottam &
Hallen, lOtfA. Crosskill, 135. Deane & Co., 180.
Domax, 275. Ferrabee & Sons, 274. Garrett & Sons,
142. Gillett, 78. Gray & Horn, 150. Lomax, 273.
Marychnrch, 93. Richmond & Chandler, 137.
Samuelson, 18.). Smith, A.,256. Smith & Son, 234.
Smith, W., 276. Stanley, 1. Wedlake & Co., 127.
Williams, 157.
Austria, Pammer, 445. Belgium, Dels'anehe, 310.
ZoUverein (1), Stulle, 65. See also Hay and Straw
Cutting Machines.
Chain Cables— i. Beecroft, Butler, & Co., 413. vii.
Brown, Lenox & Co., 6 1 . Brown, Sir S., 334. Parkes,
108. vm. Hawks, Crawshay & Co., 86. Wood & Co.,
102. XXII. Wood, Brothers, 75,
Chain Cable Welding Machine — Jersey and Guernsey,
Sarchet, 32.
Chains — vii. Hawks, Crawshay & Co., 88,
Austria, Kurg, 465.
France, Dervaux Lefehvre, 145. India, i.
Chains fob Pits— viii. Brown, Le'iox & Co., 61. Parkei,
IU8. XXII. Edge, 51.
Chains, Wood— xxviii. McClintock, 20.
Chairs — xix. Teunison, 313. xxvi. Aspinwall & Son,
213. Billamore. 230. Dawes, 135. Karp, 13. Eng-
land, 7, 528. Evans, 224. Herbert, G7. HIndley &
Co., 266. Jackson & Graham, 261. Jordans, 384.
Lambert, 33. Meakin, 148. Scholey, Misses, 142.
Spurrier, 76. Tomasini, 176. xxviii. Criper, 10).
Be/yiHm, Coifs, 417. Dosin, 429. Judo, 420.
Ca/Ki</a, Allan, 121. Dunn, 119. Hilton, 123.
head, 120. Reed & Co., 113 a.
South Africa, Adderley, 37.
Jrance,"Balny, 1066. Descartes, 815. Durand
Faure, 1219. Jeanselme, 1276. Verge, .722,
sonnet, 1392.
Hamburgh, Kruger, 80. Geseller, 68. Heymann, 78.
India, xxvi. Sardinia, Cuglierero, 67. Canepa, 74.
Tuscany, Bonuiuti & Suns, 81. Faicini, Brothers, 84.
United States, American Chair Com|)any, 85. Augustus,
515. Commifordft Co., 129,495. Elia8,313. Ragan,
690. Tuph, 383.
ZoUverein (I), Becker, 232. Walker & Son, 782. See
also Hocking Chairs.
Chairs, appendage to (to hold Gloves, &c.)— xxvi.
Allan, 87.
Chairs, Carved— xxvi. Brittan, 220. Budge, 219.
Carmichat'1, 114. CoHinson, 90. Curran & Sons,
215. Findley, 146. Gillow &Co., 186. Hunter, W.J.
R. &E. 202. LeMercier, 181. Martin, 406. Hut-
chinson, 22. Shacklock, 29.
Chairs, Invalid— v. Tnnsta11& Williams, loOO. Ward,
997. xxvi. North, 259. Ward, 279.
Portugal, Royal Military Arsenal, 1119. See also Chairs,
Spinal Curvature. Invalid Beds, Chairs, ^c. In-
valid yVlieel Chairs.
Chairs, Portable— xxvi. Lovegrove, 23.
Chairs, Reclining— xxvi. Hancock, 239.
I United States, Ragan, 193.
Red-
1207.
Pill-
■f
DESCRIBED IN THE CATAJ^OQUE.
xlv
with illuatralioni of
juth Kticlosure (Otit-
!«., 5. Towltr, 27.
131b. Fahie, 30.
r., 131a. Moiikland
jier, T. & W., 130a.
'home, 475. While
12. XXVII. Fraucia
67- Rubins & Co.,
i. (Fine Ait Court)
Zealand, Smith, 19.
also Chalk Cement.
Cement,
len, Bnitheri, 062.
e alio Ecclesiastical
. Park, 337.
-XX. Biickmaster &
ris, 334.
9ck, 27. Barret &
!s, 83. Cottam &
Deane & Co., 180.
M. Garrett & Sons,
150. Loinax, 275.
k Chandler, 137.
Smitli & Sod, 234.
edlake & Co., 127.
)elsianehe, 510.
90 Hay and Straw
& Co., 415. Til.
Sirs., .S34. Parkea,
., 86. Wood & Co.,
Terse}/ and Guernsey,
.,86.
It a, I.
&Co.,61. Parkei,
20.
Aspinwall & Son,
I. Karp, 13. Eng-
rt, 07. Hindley &
!61. Jordanf, 364.
loley, Misses, 142.
i^lll. Griper, 101.
ido, 420.
iltoii, 123. Red-
Durand, 1207.
t^erge, ,722. Pin-
Heymann, 78.
Caiicpu, 74.
li, Brotliers, 84.
iiy, f45. Angustus,
Jios, 515. Ragan,
& Son, 782. See
vet, &c.) — XXVI.
Budfre, 219.
Ciirrun & Sons,
16. Hunter, W.J.
urliD, 4U6. Hut-
ms, lOOO. Ward,
j^eealso Chairs,
Chairs, ^c. /»•
9.
Chairs, Rustic— North Transept, xxvi. Cooper, 291.
Karp, 13. Origu', 401. Hudson, 34. Molloy, 81.
Chairs, Spinal Curvature— x. Seltzer, 726.
Chairs, Suspensory — xxvi. Brown, J. M. St T., 1^.
Chalk— I. 3<J. Turkey.
Chalk Cement— ZoZJ«e»ein (4), Leube, Brothers, 6.
Chamois Hunting (Relief Model)— SwitzerZand, Meze-
ner, 247.
Champagne Bottles— xxrv. Wood, Ifi.
Champagne Capsules— xxvi. Kendall, 246.
Champagne CLARiFiER—/5'ance,Canniaux& Sons, 1 130.
Chandeliers (Metal, Glass, &c.)—xxii. Bailey & Sons,
8U5. Faraday & Son, 444. Hale, T. & Co., 486.
Hill, 355. Hughes, 4') 1. Hulett, 643. Leaver, 583.
Lloyd & Summerfield, 700a. Lockerby & Stephenson,
439. Martin & Gray, 332. Messenger & S»iib, .140.
Potts, 323. Sedgwick & Taylor, 644. Winfleld, 373.
XXIV. Pellait & Co., 33. xxvui. Kin^, 41.
Austria, Biose, 580. Salm, Prince, 430 (Main Avenue,
East).
France, Carrier-RouRe, 1136.
Sweden, Rergslrom, 68,
Zollverein (I), Hermann, 435.
Charactograph- X. Chadburn, Brothers, 259.
Charcoal— I. Aiulay, 224. Cahill, 222. Rogers, 240.
Denmark, Owen, 44.
France, Lapeyriere, 1710. Popelin-Ducarre, 1404.
Violette, 1528. MecMenburg-Schwerin, Meyer, 6.
Netherlands, Smits, 20.
Portugal, Pinto Basto, 629, 630.
Jlussia, Demidoff, 21, 120.
Spain, The Director of S. Pedro De Araya Factory, 12.
lYittidad, Warner, 9. Zollverein (1), Waechter, 434.
Charcoal Filters— irance, Ducommun, 482.
Charlotte, Princess, the late (VeUet Carpet made
tbr the Marriage of)— xix. Simcux, 302. Electrotype
Plaster Statue of— Belgium, Micliiels, 385.
Charts .(Undescribed) — Hamburgh, Gerbers, 21.
Charts (to assist memory, &c.) — xvii. Bell, 203.
Straiigeways, 204. United States, Ringgold, 598.
"Willard, 536.
Char-volant (CarriaRe drawn by Kites) — x. Gilbert, 234.
Chatelaines — xxi. Durham, 46. xxiii. Tbornliill, 49.
Durham, 58.
Cheese Pitesses — ix. Carson, 110. Harkes, 23.
Rodenhurst, W. & J., 61. Stokes, 255.
Chemical Balances fob Analysis — x. Dover, 344.
Marriott, 34 1. OertlinR, 334. Sweden, Bergstroni, 85.
Chemical Drawings— xxx. (Fine Art Court) Hamer,
118.
Chemical Matches — Sardinia, Albani, Brothers, 7.
Chemical and Philosophical Apparatus— x. CufR-y
& Smith, 4.')4. Griffin & Co., 45". Kiiigbt & Sons,
453. Stathara, 456. xxv. Minton, I.
Austria, Batka, l.'io. Jerak, 134.
France, Bonnet, 1096. Briet, 439. Grosse, Brothers,
529. Fouche, 216. Leperdriel, 307. Macbly, 915.
Ozouf, 670. Qiiennesseii, 1683.
Tuscany, Nardi, Brothers, 70.
Zollverein (1), Arnold!, 778. Greisler, 854. Hoffmann
« Eberhardt, 8S. (5), Albert, 23. Lulime, 83.
March, 240. Seel, 483.
Chemical Preparations (Various)— i. Longinaid, 441.
Smith, 499. ll. Bulluck, 34. Button, 3 Daven-
port, 111. Ddvy, Mackmurdo & Co., 62. Fux
& Barrinttton, 44. May & Baker, 14. Squire, 93.
Watts, 103. XXIX. Fisher & Co., 22.
Austria, Brauii, 21. Wagenmann & Co., 19.
Belgium, Cappellemans, 37. Soci(<t6 de Floreffe, 38.
France, Dataille, 42. Bobee & Lemire, 1092. Cnixnet
& Son, 1 153. Cowmerie & Co., 462. De Cavaillon,
109. Digeon, 1590. Drouiu & Brussier, 169.
Grandval, 1255. Kuhlmaun, Brothers, 555. Lalande
& Chevallier, 1288. Patoux, Drion & Co., 674.
Poisatft Co., 1399. Pummier, 1400.
India, ll. Jersey and Guernsey, Arnold, 33.
Nova Scotia, Central Committee, 2.
Russia, Hirshmannjc Co., 26.
Sardinia, Bonieau, 12. Calloud, 11.
Spain, Santo, 242.
United States, Fenfield & Camp, 296. Power k
Weightman, 262. Wetherill, Brothers, 43.
Zo/2ver«in (I), Kunheim, 13. Marquart, 327. Mat-
ches & Weber, 464. Pauli, 326. Prussian Chemical
Manufactory, 683. Scliuer & Kohring, S43. Schwem-
sal Alum Works, 463. Stohmaiin & Wuiteiifeld,
460. Wesenfeld & Co., 461. (Ty), Zimmer, 3.
(6),Oehler, 6.
Chepstow Railway Bridge (Model)— vii. Finch k
Wllley, 9 (Main Avenue, West).
Cherry-stone, Carved, Tuscany, Romoli, 120.
Chess Boards and Men — xxv. Wedgwood & Sons, 6.
XXVI. Nunn & Sons, 165. xxviii. Fentum, iS. xxx.
(Fine Art Court)— Lain^, 240.
Austria, Wien, 578. Oelgium, Branden, 511.
Bermudas, Jackson, 2. China, Copland. India, xxvi.
New South Wales, Burchett, 3.
Zo;;uerein(l), Scharf, 776. Schrader, 777. Weishaupt
and Sons, 412. (3) Jahii, 34.
Chess Tables— xi. Lincoln & Bennett, 57. xxiiii. Eady
109. XXVI. Jeniiens & Bettridge, 187. Nunn Se
Sons, 165. Rose, 28. Webb, 171. xxvii. Vokins,
30. Whishaw, 61. Wilson, 11. Wood ruffe, 77.
Chest Expanders (Elastic)— x. Uinyon, 610. xxix,
Clive, 54.
Chest Protectors- x. Cook & Williams, 685.
Chicory — iii. Saumlers & Gatchill, 144.
France, Lervilles, 591. Netherlands, Heuveldop, 16,
Russia, Sorokin, 69.
Zollverein (I), Bleibken, 686. Salomon & Co. 692.
(6), Zahn & Volbrechi, 12. See also Pastel.
Chicory-cutter — ix. Ransomes and May, 124.
Chiffonieres— XXVI. Clay & Co., 169. Gillow&Co.
186. Hindley & Co. 266. Newton, 97. Spurrier,
76. Trapnell & Son, 312a.
Canada, Reed & Mt-akins, 115a. India, xxvi.
Childbed Linen— xix. Smith, Anderson & Co., 82.
Chimney Filter-drain— ix. Sadler, 156.
Chimney Guards — vii. Bramhall, 129.
Chimney Pieces (Stone, Metal, &c.)— Brine & Sharp,
page 847. xxii. Coalbmok Dale Co., 641.
Glenton& Chapman, 2.38. Pierce, 107. Jobson&Co.,
106. Robertson & Co., 802. xxvi. Moxon, 252.
Thomas,276. Wurme & Luinsden, 19. xxvii. Bovey,
4. Breudon, 3. Coates, 19. Frewer, 5. Lomax, 81.
I..ondon Marble and Stone Working Co., 17. Mirror
Marble Co., 18. xxix. Stirling, 315.
Austria, Benzoni, 725. Buitinelli, 726. Motelli, 728.
Belgium, Du Buis & Co., 360. Lerlercq, 424.
France, Aub^nel, 1055. Desanges, 1184. Dupuis, 184.
Ltbrun, 572. Luce, 1332, Maria, 608. Seguiii, 692.
Zottvereiu (1), Egells, 200. Porzelt & Harperath.
317. '
Chimney Pieces (Machine for Constructing) — tii
Vttughan, 139. "
Chimney Pots -vii. Oliver, 65. xxii. Cowper, 23.
Green, 42.
Jersey and Guernsey — White, 12. See also Wind
Guards.
Chimney Screens — Hamburgh, Albrecht, 59.
Switzerland, Hallmeyer-Appeiizeller, 246.
Chimney-sweeping Machines— vii. Dorr. 57. Every
120. Neale, 121. Taylor, 194. Te»gl», 217. xxil!
Bentley, 606. xxix. Barrett & Son, 308.
Zollverein (3), Rickboru, 14.
Chimney Ventilating Apparatus— vii. Beeatnn, 191.
Friarson, 203. Hearder, 205. Hill, 68. Oliver 65
Stafford, 189. xxil. Hart & Sons, 636. '
Chimneys, Towees, &c. (Machine for Constructing)— vii.
Bam, 34.
China — See Earthenware and China. Porcelain Ware.
Pottery.
China (Designs for)— xviii. Heaviside, 91.
China, Imitation— xxvi. Gushlow, 37.
China Clay— fie/(/iHm, Gaiffier, 14. Tom belle, 12. Se*
also Pottery Clay.
China Grass— iv. Hives & Atkinson, 45. Marshall &
Co., 55. Wright & Co., 42.
China Grass Fabrics— xiv. Wilford & Sons, 42.
CaiNiDiNE— Zo/{tieretn (5), Zimmer, 3.
xlvl
ALPHABETICAL AND CLASSIFIED LIST OF AJITICLES
Chintzes— XII. & xv. Littlt-r, 282. xviii. Iliudlfly &
S.ns, 15. M'Alpin & Co., 14. ManHbeiulel, 88.
Nelson & Ci)., 29. Swainiton, 21. xxvi. Crace,
&3U. India, xi.
Euaaia, Czarevsk. Chintt Manufactory, 1 78. Lutch,
179. Miyer & Zindell, 177. Prokhomff, Brotliers,
349. Sivit Zetland, lliirlimann, 125.
Cbiraoon, Thk, or Hand-ouidk fob Blind ob Tre-
mulous Writers— xv:i. Stidolph, 19.
CniSGU. See Thota {Carpentera', ^c).
Chittle — Mexico.
Chlorine— IV. PiesHe, 129.
Chloroform— II. Duncan & Co., 104. Squire, 93.
Zollverein (1), Murcjuurt, 327. Prussian Chemical
Maiiul'actury, 683.
Chocolate— III. F.- and Son, 31. Gentile, 108. Le-
baigiie, 29. Mouteiro, 34. Moore, 139. Paris Cho-
colate Company, 30. St. Etienne, 138. White, 32.
Erance, Choquart, 1119. De Sandoval & Co., 365.
Feyeiix, 20'J. I^uit, Brothers, & Co., 316. Menier
& Co., 925, Perron, 343. Turpin, 1046. Watrelot
Delespaul, 738.
Netherlanda, Deyl Lvendert & Son, 10.
Spain, lliiesca, 178.
Switzerland, Siichard, 2.
Zollverein (1), Gross, 17. Wittekop & Co., 695. (3),
Jordan & Timaeng, 6. See also Cocoa.
Chocolate Apparatus— vi. Gatti and BoUa, 450.
Chopping Machines— xxii. Price, 397.
France, Mareschal, 330. See also Lump Sugar Chop-
piny- Machines. Sausage' Choppers.
Chopsticks — China, Bernuastle.
Choheoraphical Apparatus— J?o//t;erei« (6), Barou
Klein, W.
Christian Memorials, &c. (Models)— xxvii., Laurie 10! .
Curomatype Pictures (Vlr. R. Hunt's)— x. Uennemau
& Malone, 297.
Chrome— //irfja, i. Sweden and Norway, Hoe, 8.
Chromic Acid— ii. Hopkin and Willianig, 41.
Chromo-Lithographv (Specimens oO— xxvi. nichard-
son, 207d. XXX. (Fine Art Court), Day and Son,
80. Dicksee, 271. Hanliart, M. & N., 64. Ward &
Co., 43. Russia, Dregger, 362.
United States, Uuvat, 52.
Cbronoglobium and Planetarium — Austria, Zi-
beimayr, 132.
Chronocr'aphers — France, Rie\issec, 1685.
Chronosieters, Marine— X. Aubert and Klaftenberger,
52a. Barraud and Lund, 34. Bennett, 1. Brockbank
• and Atkins, 40. Connell, U. Delolrae, 19. Dent, 55.
Frodsham, 57. Hutton, 7. Jatksoi., W. H.& S.,32.
Lowry, 10. Olurenshaw & Co., 3. Pennington, 53.
Pliilcov, 22. Vieyeres and Repingon, 01.
France, Huard, Brothers, 266. Lefebvre, 577. Reilier,
14.'5.
Zollverein (1), Richard, 342. Tiede, 78.
Chronometers (Pocket and other) — x. Barr.iud &
Lund, 34. Gowland, 27. Holl, 13. Hutton, 7.
Lowry, 10. Parkinson & Frodsham, 35. Walker,
697. XXIII. Hunt & Roskeil, 97. Lester & Sons,
27. Martin & Co., 2. Phillips, Brothers, 87.
Austria, Marenzellrr, 166.
Denmark, Jur^ensens, 17.
France, Leroy & Son, 1186. Detouche & Houdin,
1589. Laumain, 292. Lefebvre, 577. Monet, 1664.
Vissiere, 733.
Sweden, Kulberg, 116.
S«»»tzerZaH<f, Andermars, 22. Brandt, 10. Courvoisier,
34. Favre, 23. Golay-Lereche, 92. Graiidjean, 8.
Lecoultre, 25. Mercier, 96. Ateriood, Brothers, 15.
Patck, 99. Retor, 101.
Chronometers, Railway — x. Wishaw, 419.
Chucks (for Lathes). See Lathes.
Church Architecture- v. Swain, 976. xxx. (Fine
Art Court) Johnston, 19.
Church Windows (Designs for, &c.)— xxx. (Fine Art
Court) Stocker, 270. liehjium, Pluys, 491.
France, Thibaud-Dallet, 1501. See also Painted Win-
dows, Stained-Glass Windows,
CauBNS— V. Whttelaw, 68, viu. Williams, 332. ix.
Amos, 66a. Burt^ess & Key, 237. Deanu & Co.
180. Digges La Tuuche, 263. Drummond, 8S>
Jolly, 69. Robinson & Son, 139a. Samuelson
185. Smith & Co., 266. Tytherleigh, 212. Wil-
kinson, 220.
Belgium, Duchene, 166.
Canada, Weese, 85. France, Lavoiiy, 1299.
United States, Dalpliin, 493. Tillinghast, 27.
Van Diemen's Land, Jennings, 236.
Cider — Canada, Penner, 132.
Cider Presses— ix. Harkes, 23. White, 181. xxn.
Gartun & Co., 483.
Cigarettes— ifHssia, PrntassofP, 334.
Spain, Fernandez, 1-27b. The Central Factory o£ To-
bacco, Philippine Islands, 248
Cigar-holders- .4Hs<r/a, Alba, 664. Astrath, 666.
Beisiegel, 667. Floge,fl70. Friedrich, 671. Grun-
hut. A., 672. Grunhnt, J., 673. Grunhut, W., 674.
Litschke,678. Nagl,680. Pltegner,682. Sievers,683.
Cigar-making Machine— vi. Adorno, 448.
CiGARiLLAS— III. Buckland & Topliss, 48.
Cigars- III. Benson, 39. Cohen & Orr, 49. Goodes,
G. & S., 50. Jonas, Brothers, 42. Jones & Co.,
43. Sales U Co., 47.
Algeria, Andre, 1. Oxeda & Aqui, 40.
South Africa, Moss, 36. India, ill.
Portugal, Royal Tobacco & Snuff Company, 1196-
1209. Gomez, 126a. Gonzalez, 126b. Manilla
Factory, 248. Partajjas & Co., 251.
Russia, Protassolf, 334.
Spain, Gomez Alvaric, 126a. Gonzalez Carvajal, 126b.
TheCeiitral Factory of Tobacco, Pliillpi)inelslaiid8,248.
ZoWuerein(l), Carstani>n, 468. Hocholl, 467. See aUo
Cigarettes. Cigarilhis. Tobacco.
CiMOLlTE — Greece, The (ireek Government, 16.
Cinchonib— II. Morson&Son, 106.
CiNCHONiNE— II. Howards & Kent, 11.
Cinder-sifters— XXII. Bishopp, 591. Kent, 553.
Cinnabar — i. Forbes, 5J'2. India, ii.
Zollverein (1), Do Bois, 7. Lucas, 8.
Cinnamon— Ceyfon, Parlett & Co. India, iii.
CiE"'us Models— SpaiH, Mata Aguilera, 289.
Cist ibns, Knamelled — xxii. Kenrick & Sons, 360a.
CisT.iRNs, Self-Cleaning — vii. Lowe, 145.
Citric Acid— ii. Copner, 118. Howards & Kent, 11.
Huskisson, J. W. & H., 86, Sardinia, Acquai-one,84.
Clarified Fats- iv. Ewen, 30.
Clarionets— K(Enig& Pask, 504. Austria, Hell, 152.
Belgium, Mahillon, 175. Canada, M'Pherson, 183.
France, Bullet, 4il. Breton, 1555.
Switzerland, Felchlin, 80.
Zollverein (1), J.n.npfcrbofr, 485. (2), Boehm, 23.
(:i), Harold, 19. Schuster, 23. (6), Klein, 23.
Scidel, 20. (8), Heckel, 8.
Clay, (undescribed) I. 39, 96. F.ihie,30. Nicholson, 504a.
Ross, 51. III. Strange, 83. xxvii. Ambrose, 128.
Sealy, 130.
British Guiana, Bee, 5. India, I. Turkey. See also
Pipe Claij. Potteri/ Clay.
Clay (Article's in) — Panorino, page 850. xxvii. Bran-
na'm, 131. Singer & Co., 88. xxx. (Fine Art Court)
C'lri'-tie, 188. India, xxx.
iVeM(?;7rtnrf», Martin, (i3. See aha Baked Clai/ Ornaments,
Clay Pipes— /Vfinee, Dumeril & Co., 176. Fiolet, 211.
Clay-screenino Machine (for making bricks, pipes, &c.)
—IX. Harkes, 23.
Claystone— I. Rock, 50.
Clino.meters (for showing list and trim of ships) — vill.
Berthon, 104.
Clocks, Astronomical— x. Dent, 55. Frodsham, 57.
Hall, 60. Parkinson & Frodsham, 35. Payne & Co.,
73. Denmark, Fundi, 16. France, Cannery, 516.
Netherlands, Holiwu, 86. Kaiser, 84.
Switzerland, Dubois, 9. Zollverein (1), Thiede, 78.
Clocks, Barometer— x. Brvson & Sons, 164, 665.
Clocks, Centrifugal— x. Gerard, 109.
Clocks, Electric and Electro-Magnetic — x. Bain,
434. Gowland, 27. Shepht-rd, 1J8, (and South
Transept). Webster, 17. Hamburgh, Uiiicking, 11.
Uniled States, Bond &: Sou, 463.
DESCRIBED IN THE CATALOQUE.
xlvii
137. DeauH & Co.
i. Drummond, 88'
139a. SamueUon
lerleigh, 212. WiU
Aiy, 1299.
in^jhast, 27.
White, 181. xxn.
itral Factory o( To-
64. Astrath, 666.
iedrich, 671. Griin-
Grunhiit, W., 674,
ier,682. Sievur8,683.
o, 448.
9,48.
; Orr, 49. GoodeR,
42. Junes & Co.,
,40. '• " '
I.
iff Company, 1196-
ez, 126b. Manilla
15i.
izalez Carvajal, 126b.
Iiilippine Islands, 248.
choll, 467. See alto
}.
rnment, 16.
I.
. Kent, 553.
[I.
8.
India, ill.
era, 289.
k & Sons, 360a.
ve, 145.
iwurilg & Kent, II.
lima, Acqiiaraue,84.
iiislria, Hell, 152.
M'Pherson, 183.
(2), Boelim, 23.
(6), Klein, 23.
Nicholson, 504a,
h'li. Ambrose, 128.
Turkey. See alio
350. XXVII. Bran-
. (Fine Art Court)
erf Clay Ornaments.
176. Fiolet, 211.
{bricks, pipes, &c.)
im of ships) — vill.
Frodsham, 57.
35. Payne & Co.,
•e. Cannery, 516.
84.
in (1), Thiede, 78,
na, 104, 665.
I.
QNETIC — X. Bain,
:.'8, (and South
rgh, Uiiicking, 11.
Clocks, Geooraphical—x. Uadlurd, 119. Stoker, 204.
Aiialria, Hatzenliofer, 167. /ronre, Pieriet, 300.
Clocks, Htdraclic— i?ee Hydraulic Clock.
Clocks, Marine— x. Gerard, 109.
Clocks, Musical — x. Churchill, 99. Marchaiid, 71.
Zollverein (1), Spiegelhalter, 879.
Clucks, Foltuorion— x. Tanner, 28.
Clocks, Tell-tale— x. Newington, 20. Smith & Sons,
129. France, Arera, 752. See also Alarums (for
Clocks, ^c).
Clocks, Timepieces, Ac— x. 105. Adams, 14. AUis,
87. Bell, 679. Bennett, O. W., 49. Bennett, J.,
I. Briscall, 95a. Broadbent, 122. Brutton, 96.
Cole, 31. Dell, Brothers, lOU. Edwards, J., 1U4.
Edwards, J. T., 103. Klisha, 39. Frodsham, 57.
Gerard, 109. Gowland, 27, Harvey, 47. Howell,
James & Co., 16. Hutton,?. Jackson, W. H. &S.,
32. Kaiser, 66. Lamb, 42. Lovejoy, 158. M'Dowall,
68. Mapple, 69. Moore & Sun, 33. Pace, 117.
Parkinson & FrocUham, 35. Payne & Co., 73. Rix,
74. Robinson, 37. Smith & Son, 129. Taflinder, 54.
Taylor, 127a. Thornelowe, 43. Trotroan, 698.
Walker, 697. Walter, 41, Webster, 17. Yates, 9.
Young, 131. XXII. Clark & Restell, 446. xxiii.
Walker, 93.
Austria, Anderwalt, 170a. Kralik, 169. Schubert,
168. Zelisko, 170.
France, Arrera, 752. Bally, 408. Cha? in, 450. Gillot,
849. Gouidm, 525. Leon - Clement & Bourgeois,
3U6. Lendles, Brothers, 1318. Leroux, 309. Leroy
& Son, 1186. Mallat, 1340. Matifat, 923. Moser,
653. Pescheloche-Vavin, 344. Potonie, 964, 1401.
Redier, 1425. Reydor & Colin, 984, Susse, Brothers,
1023. Wagner, 736. Weygaud, 740.
Hamburgh, Nieherg, 10.
Jersey and Guernsey, Feltham, 8.
Ntth'erlands, Eder, 88. Russia, Chopin, 365.
Sweden, Linderotb, 86.
Switzerland, Perret, 18. Viiilleumier, 12.
United States, HoUoway, 114. Rogers & Co. 532.
Sperry, 345.
ZoUverein (1), Baltzer, 82. Ouerlin, 68. Seemann, 75.
(4),Haller, 16. Holch, 18. Stoss, 19.
Clocks, Timepieces, &c. (Designs lor)— xxx. (Fine
Art Court) Tnomas, 236. See also Clock Cases.
Clocks, Travellinq— .^Kstria, I^iszt, 165.
France, Bailly-Comte & Son, 407. Bechot, 48. Leroy
& Son, 1186. Moser, 653.
Switjer/anrf, Borel, 19. Girard,30. Leuba, 91.
Zollverein (1), Thiemke, 72.
Clocks, Turret— X. Bell, 679. Bennett,!. Blaylock,92.
Dent, 55 (Main Avenue, West). Roberts, 130. Smith
& Sims, 129. Jersey ^ Guernsey, White, 12.
Clock Cases— x. Drnry, 56. xvii.' Macomie & Co., 27.
See also Clocks, Timepieces, ^. {Designs for).
Clock Dials— Fmnce, Dorey, 479. See aUo'Dial Illumi-
nating Apparatus.
Clock and Watch Works- /Vance, Huard, Brothers,
266. Japy, Brothers, 275. Marti, 611.
Clock-winder— X. Mapple, 69.
Clod Crushers- ix. Bennett, 75. Cambridge, 238.
Crosskill, 135. Gibson, 129. Pearce,77. Starkey,43.
Clogs— XVI. Carron, 325.
Cloth Papers (for pressing & finishing Woollen Cloth)—
XVII. Hanoer, 84.
Cloths— See Woollen Fabrics.
Clothes (systems for cutting out)— xx. GtifBn, 117, See
also Tailors' Measuring Apparatus.
Clouoh's Self-acting.- VII, Gates, 10,
Clover & Trefoil Seed, Engine for Drawing— ix.
Maynard, 109,
Clumber House (Model)— xxx. (Fine Art Court) Bain-
bridge, 163.
Clyster Irrigator— Prance, Biber, 62,
Coaches— See Carriages.
Coach Ironmongery— v. Gibson, 843. xxn. Ward &
Payne, 1 96. Warden, 368. See also Cama//ejFt«ing»
(Metal). •' "
Coachsmiths' Tools— iV«w SouthWales, Devilt & Moore,
Coal — Western End, Soutlt Enclosure (Outside), Abercarn
Coal Company, 49. Ba<;nall & Gesson, 53. Barrow, 41.
Biymbo Company, 47. Cameron's Coalbrook Steam
Coal Company, 39. Davis, 43. Fitiwilliam, Earl,
48. GilmouT & Co., 50. Haines & Sons, 40. Ince
Hall Coul Company, 38. Neath Abbey Coal Com-
pany, 44. Oakeley, 34. Price, T. P. & D., 45. Round,
36. I. Abercarn & Gwythen Collieries Company, 430,
Atkinson, 261. Barrow, 255. Butler, 247. Butterley
& Co., 4U0. Cadell, 217, Clarke, Executors of, 266,
Cnwper, 61. Day & Twibell, 262. Ebbw Vale
Company, 412. Farnley Comjiany, 406. Field,
Coopers & Faulds, 263, Frith & Co., 264. Ince
Hall (!oal & Cannel Company, 268. Llan^ennech
Coal Company, 259. Mitchell, 270. Munkland Iron
& Steel CumiMiny, 426. Moore, 208. Nixon & Co.
267. O'Byrne, 248. Pease, 122. Rock^ 50. Rogers,
241. Russell, 271. Turner, 223. Wylam's Patent
Fuel Company, 252. xxn. Bowling Iron Company,
83. Hird & Co., 85, Barbadoes.
Belgium, Boubier Cbarbonnage, 29. Chatelineau Four-
neaux et Charbonnages, 27. Couillet Fuurneaux et
Mines, 120. Delconrt, 30. Dianet,3I. Petit&Co.,
13. Pire et Violetto Chatbonnageg, 34. Punt de
Loup Charbonnages, 28. D'Oignie Coal-mines, 32,
Romsee, 5U6. Suermond, 5U5.
France, Berurd & Co. 51. India, I.
Labuan, ^c, Woolley, 3, JVeu) Brunswick, Gould, 3,
iVeto South Wales, Australian Agricultural Com-
pany, 1 9.
New Zealand, 38, 39, Connell, 10. Greenwood, 9,
Waikato Coal Committee, 22,
Nova Scotia, Central Committee, 2.
Portugal, Lacerdo, 19.
Spain, Asturias Mines, Inspector of, 15. De Araya's
Factory, 12. Palen Mines, Inspector of, 27. Pedroso
Iron Company, 24. Trinidad, Lord Harris, 28,
Turkey. Tuscany, Caillou, Maillan & Co., 19.
United States, Detmidd, 66.
Van Diemen's Zand, Douglas River Company.
Zollverein (1), Haniel, 4.)5. Saelzer & Nenaek United
Coal-mines, 450. (8), Nassau Government Engineers
of Mines.
Coal, Anthracite (Cannel or Stone Coal)— Western End,
South Enclosure (Outside), Buckingham, 35. Jumes
& Aubrey, 37. Jones, Sells, & Co, 42. Neath Abbey
Coal Company, 44. i. Bagot, 244. Bidelbrd An-
thracite Mining Company, -^42. Buckingham, 254.
Butler, 247. Fahie, 30. Ince Hall Company, 268.
Jones, Sells & Co., 258. Morgan & Sons, 272. Ram-
say, 269. Russell & Son, 249. Wandesforde, 111.
Watney, 276. Western Gas Light Company, 260.
xxvii. Cowan & Co., 112. ^Portugal, Oporto Co., 17,
See also Furnaces for Burning Anthracite Coal.
Coal, Anthracite, Articles in— xxvii. Albert, U.R.H.
Princi, 140. Ramsay, 90.
United States, Patterson, 478. Peale, 74.
Coal, Artificial — Western End, South Enclosure (Out-
side), Buckingham, 35.
Coal-Drop (d.: looding ships)- v. Durham, Earl, 999.
Coal-mines (Models)— i. Cawlev, 403. Huuter, 219.
Wales, 431. Vl. Bradley & Co. 310.
Coal-mine Machinery— j. Bangh & Co., 401. Mills,
418. Powell, 253. SutclitVe, 4i3. Wood, 432.
VI. Waring, 305. See also Chains for Pits.
Coal-mine Tools— i. Abercarn & Gwythen Collieries
Company, 430.
Coal-mine Ventilation (Models and Plans) — i. Brun-
ton, 404. VII. Martin, 25. x. Weight, 450.
Coal Plants, Diagram of a Group of, i. Ansted,
Prof., 241.
Coal-Scales (for ships)— xxn. Stanley, 238,
Coal-Scuttles, Vases, &c. — vii. Quinoey, 146. xxn.
Fearncombe, 160a. Shoolbred & Co. 66, Soutter,
354. Walton & Co., 69, xxvi. Rogers & Dear, 264,
Coat (made from the fleece in 13^ hours)— xx. Newbury
Local Committee, 1 66, See also Wearing Apparel.
Cobalt-Blue— Canarfa, Logan, 1. France, Peyroulx, 1676,
Zollverein (I), Graft', 592. (3), Schneeberg Royal SaxoD
Cobalt and Nickel Works, 9.
xlviii
ALrilARKTIOAL AND CLASSIFIKD LIST OK AUTICLK8
ConALT Ohkh- t. iUrnitt, 311. B\vt, 6\2.
SjHtiii, (IrHUiKlii Mines, liiii|H>ctiir of, Ifi,
SH'rtleH ami Nurwnif, Ttinuliurg Cnbult Wutki<, 9.
/j{/i«reiH(l), MruH, dti'2.
C'ODOi'HO Clutiir— XII. & XV. Hwhreiii, 180. Cla|ihain,
15H. U<ill>y, IM, Kckroyd & Hun, 130a. Ilomrnll
ft Co., 174. Peate & Cu,, 1H4. }Vul &, Co., 104.
Itunit&Stmi, I7;i. KuK(>r«,l43. ScliwunuAcCo., 141.
CociiiNKAL— IV. Juwesbiiry & Co., 60. Suillur, 70,
Algeria, ILinly, 'iH.
Madeira, Hvaj, 1.
Simiu, 136. .'Vicaiilr, 191, Ilvruiignor, lU.'A. Criii,
U'J, 201. Muron, IM).
Cocks oh Tai's— v. Liltlf, 170. vi. Cox, 608. Lang-
lamlt, 3:10. xxil, liarlow, 402. Diiviii, 5.10. Hall,
172. Lambert. 3;i4. Matttm, 0.34. xxiv. Hhupharil, 8.
Wood &, IVrkfii, 7. IMqium, Vewe, .175. See alio
Air-tight 7>i/i)i. Hall (VA» and 7>i/»s. Hermetic
Taps, Spirit 7'apii. Valves, Cittern.
CoCKH FUH KlTtMIKN IkHI.KHS— VII. Ilollailll, 13'2. XXII.
HolUnil, 602.
Cocks roR Stkam Koii.krr v. Littlv, 470. Siebt>, 440.
VII. Bikin, 34. xxii. Lambert, !>.\A.
Cocoa- ni. Uunham, 38. Fry & Son, 31. Orut, 36.
Sliiuton, 33. White, 32.
New (wranada, 1. Gtiit, 2. TVinidad, Lurd Ilarriv.
See hUo Chocolate.
C<KX)A, KxTRACT OK- III. Bndd, 37.
Cocoa-fat-- 7Vi«i'(/(i</, Lord llarriN.
CccoA-NUTS— Cei/lon.
^fallritiHs, l{o\ hI Surii'ty of Nalor^l History, 4.
Cocoa-nut FiniiB (incluclinK Mnttintr and other Arliclei
made tliprel'rum)— IV. liarfiiam, AO. xiv. MurriHon &
Hurn, 4t). Ve.ttes, 36. xxviii. Ueviu);ton&AlorriR,3H.
Bristol mind School, .10. Treloar,3U. Wildey&Co , 40.
Cocoa-nut Oih— Mam itiua, Alellon, 0. Royal Society
of Natural Hi«lory, Muuritius, 4.
Drinidad, Lord llariit.
Cocoa-nut SiiKLLS. Carvkd— /m/irt, xxviii,
Cod-Liver Ointmbnt— ii. Dicksmi & Co. 70.
Cod and Skatr Liver Oil— ii. Btll, 116, Dickaon h
C'l., 79. Lawrence, 36. Link'aler, 82. Owen, 83,
Hobertson, 81.
Newfoundland, Stabb,
Nova Scotia, Central Committee, 2.
Portugal, Norberlo, 509. United States, Simoi, 60.
Coffee— III. Moure, 139. Sn.iwden, 28.
British Guiana- liee, 17 & 18. Kennedy, IGa & 16b.
Netscher, 16. Ceylon, France, Tourncur, 1509.
St, Helena, Muf^nnj, 3. Masaami, I.
Eastern Archipdngo, Hammnnd & Co., 2.
Portugal, 440—15 1". Society Islands, Queen Pomare, 5.
Tiinidad, Lord lliirris.
Van Diemen's Land, Ilenison, Sir W. T.
Western Africa, Weston, 1.
Coffee, Kssgnce of— Lnne, 35.
Coffee Extractor, Zollverein (2^, Jacob, 78.
Coffee Filtebers— xxii. Loysel, 488. Seam, 620.
Coffee Leaves (Prepared)- hi. Gardner, 142.
Coffee Milus— vi. Fieldhouse & Co., 443. Muir, 206.
Egypt, 153.
Coffee Pots— xxii. Lane, 794. Shoolbred & Co. 66.
Warner & Son», 798. Zollverein (1), l^ick, 436.
Coffee, Uefininu Powder fob— xxix. Wood, 28.'>.
Coffee Roasting Apparatus— vi. Dakin & Co., 408.
Lav, 460. XXII. CoUier & Co., lUO. Keith, 601.
Orpwood, 552,
France, Vandenbroiicke, 711.
Coffee Works and Apparatus, (iiilodel) — Ceylon,
Clerihew.
Coffer-dam -vii. Teasdel, 44.
Coffin, Air-Exhausted— C7/ii(ed States, Tuckerman,
229.
Coffin Fihinitcre— xxii, Cooksey, 320. Hickmann &
Clive, -171.
Coffins, Slate— xxvii, Ekins, 13.
Cognac Oil— ZolUerein (5), Unsch, 2.
Coo-\Vheel9 for Macuinerv— ^oZ/vrrein (7), Metz
& Co., 6.
Coinage (designs for)-^ Canotfa, Dnncan, 331.
Coining PumsKs vi. M.iiidilay & Co., 228. India, ▼.
Zollverein (I), IJhIliorii, 470.
('oiNN X. Ilainilltni, 733.
Swittrrland, Srhuclimann, .01. See alio Medals,
Coins, jVt% United States, Mile*, 480.
Com FlURK (and artieles made tliereof) Ceylon,
India, xiv. United States, Mills, 489.
CoKH I. Diitler, 247, Cory, W, & W,, jnn,, 265.
Furnley & Co., 406. Pease, 122. Ramsay, 200.
Spain, Paleu Mines, Iniipector of, 27.
'Irinidad, Lord Harris, 10-14.
United Slates, Uetmold, 66.
Zollverein (I), Stinnes, 448. (8), Itouler, 4.
Coi.u Crkam -II. ..\iund, lOH.
('oi.l.lKHUM (Model*) -See <oal Mines,
CoiAMiNK (l)e«iiriisl'ur a Bridge over the Rhine at)— vii.
Mnorsom, 178. Itiisioll, 78.
VoiAtuvitmt f^ypl, 22.
CouniH Kxtraci"or .Apparatus— vi. Bouria, 610.
Colour Printing XXX. (Fine Art Court) Baxter, 119,
(^uidul and Addey, 1 12. Dicks, 68. Kronhuim, 40.
See al«o Chromo-Lllhmiraphy.
Coloured (Jlamh See Stained lllas:!,
CoiM'HH (for Calico Printinif, &c.) - u. Dentith & C!o., 8.
XXV. Kmer», 57.
<\)|.<«'HS (for (^liina and Pottery)— P.. Dentith & Co., 8.
Couiuiix, Comuination of (Device)— xxx. (Fine Art.
Court) Oliver, 16.
CouHiRS (for Painting. &c.)~ll. Bell & Co., 66. Blun-
dulKSi Co., 48. KlUm&Co., 58. Humfrey, 78. iv.
Biircli, 77. Smiths, 65.
Austria, Biffaglia, 34. Kinzloberger & Co., 27.
Kiitser & Li'hrer, 24. Setiur, 23.
Jirhjium, Ougrde Cliarbonnages et Foumaux, 40.
f Vy/i))i.
fVi'ina. France, Lange, 1291. Viard, 1521.
Niihrrlands, Diodericlis Brothers, 6. Duiira & V«r-
Ktocven, r>,
Stm/iMia, Bo, 19. SpaiH, Zabala, 240.
nsrani/, Miissini, 26. Ridolfl, 2.V
Zollverein (1), Diesel & Co., 824, 882. Heyl & Co.,
44. Scliwarzcnfells Electoral Alanul'actory, 463. (2),
S.ittler, U. (4), Abt, 7. Siegle, 6.
Comiicutting Machine- VI. Staight & Sons, 433.
lielqium, Van Mierlo, 133.
CoMii-MAKKRs' Ware, Sweden, Schuldheis, 105
CoMiiN, Mctai.lic- XXII.21. Deakin, 157. Marshall, 197.
ISelgium, Iloutthave, 130.
CoMiM, ToHToisGsiiELi,, IvoRY, Scc. — XXII. Armstrong,
580. xxvill. Cruninmck, 18. Gusnell & Co., ,05.
Stevenson, J.& J., 132. China, Hewett & Co.
Austria, HermannstaiU Trades Union, 696a.
/VaNrv, Fauvelle Delaberre, 202. Massue,0I3. Noel,
(iOO. Poinsignon, 1397. Trancart, 393.
Hamburgh, Umlauii; 83. India, xxix.
Van Piemen's Land, Anderson, 198, i /
Western /{f'rica, Jamieson, 22.
Commercial and Hanking Tables — United States,
Bartlett, 30.
CoMMOD»M— XXVI. Dowbigf;>n & Co., 404. Pratt, 196.
Co.MPASSES, A/.IMUTH— X. Cameron, 350. Crichton, 452.
Elliott & Sons, 320. Denmark, Weilbach, 21.
Co.MPASHis, Drawing— VII. Benni.igbam, 13. x. Barton,
708. Lawrence, 115. Penrose, 318.
IMgium, Qerim\, 182. De Hennault, 183. Lambert, I8S.
Sweden and Norway, Littman, 13. Viberg, 14.
CoMPASsiw, MARiNEtis— VI. Napier & Son, 158. vn.
Brown, Sir S., 334. vill. Soulby. 110. West, 109.
X. 692. Dent, 35. Hughes, 691. xxii. Howarth, 181.
China. Lindsay. Denmark, Weilbach, 21.
United States, St. John, 95. See also Binnacles,
Ships',
Compasses, Prismatic -x. Green, 446, Yeatcs, 332.
Compasses, Solar — United States, Burt, 187.
Composing Frames — France, Cluye, 798.
Composing Machine— /JenwiarA, Sorensen, 13.
Compositors' Page-marker — Belgium, Mackintokh,
471.
Compressed Air, Application of, to prevent Vessels
sinking— VII. W^it, 20.
i)Escridi<:d in the cataloouk.
xlix
Co., ns. India, V.
See alio MedaU,
I, 4H1).
I") t Vy/on.
4R9.
«i W., jiin., 205.
Kaiiiauy, '^00.
n.
loMler, 4.
the Rhine at)— vxi.
Bourrn, 610.
(;uurt) lioxtt-r, IIS.
68. kronhuiin, 4U.
i.'i.
u. Dentith & Co,, 8.
Dontith Si Co., 8.
)— XXX. (Fine Art.
k Co., 60. lihin-
Huinfruy, 78. iv.
lerger & Co., 27.
Fouroaux, 40.
aril, 1521.
6, Diiura & V«r-
'240.
[', 8S'2. Ileyl & Co.,
.uulactory, 405. (2),
0.
[t & Soni, 453.
|lhei«, 103
1A7. Mumball, 197.
XXII. Arimtronp,
lusnvll & Co., ,55.
lUewt'it & Co.
in, 0U6a.
laasiiD, 015. Noel,
rt, 393,
:ix.
iS— United States,
104. Prntt, 196.
50. Crichton, 452.
'uilbach, 21.
a
am, 13. X. Barton,
18.
183. Lambert, 185.
Viberg, 14.
' >i^
k Son, 158. vn.
. 110. \Ve«t, 109.
3^
XII. Howarth, 181.
'^f
b, 21.
B also Binnacles,
5. Yeatcs, 332.
J*
t, 187.
1)8.
^M
sen, 13.
■JM
ium. Mackintosh,
■S
IpBBVENT Vessels
(.'oMi-iiKHNKii AiK, Motive powkh iiv v. Full, 438.
CoNUKNTiiATKU ViiiM.- France, l)u LiKiiac, 92'2. Ou-
«lin & Co., 1375, See ulw Lactine. Milk, Eh-
sencH of.
CoNCKiiTiNAH X. Catp, 545. Chidlty, 544. Wheat-
Ntone » Co., 520.
Aimtria, Iteiiimch, 103. Bteiiikellncr, 104.
CoNCiiKTi: I. Smitb, 177. While & Himii, 130.
Coni'kctkinkhh' MuiiLUH - XXII. IiiKKO|'153. xxix. I^iealo
& Albri'clit, lOH. Ihnmarh, Moyer, 43.
CoNfKCTIONKlw'OllNAMKNTS XXIX. Fitrrull, 1'20. Hcm-
mie, 167. Wilken, 110. See uiio Wedding- Cake
Ornament*.
CoNFKCTiuNKUV XXIX. Ui'KKi '0^- (<lral>Bm, Lemon, &
Co., 103. Giuitt-r, 11-2. Iliintivy & Palmer, 107.
Liiciii, 110. Suboiilinff, 114. Warrick, Urotheri, 1 15.
Wotheripoon & Co., 106.
Canmld, Fletcher, 130.
I'rmwe, Aticlur, 10S9. Diiranil Si Co., 1206. Oiidaril
Si (3o,, 1374. Jersei) and Gitcrnseii, Pojie, 43.
Spain, Marliiu'i, 179.
Zollvercin (t), llaiir, Orolhem, 87. Goll, Uruthern,
88. Itoth, 89. TroHKleii, 91.
C0NPI.AC111ATION, Model of a- v. Se1f«', 452.
CuNUHEVK Matc'iik.h .Vfc LucifeT Matches.
CuNiFKHA .Sui'i'oRTKii (For CyprciHKit, Arbor-vitai, Si —
IX. Seward, 51.
CoNHKH vATuHi KH — See Greenhouses.
Cooking Appabatus— ix. Gill & Ward, 62. Hodf^cN Si,
Son*, 110. TlioinpHon, 248li. xxii, AudrvwH, 379.
Argall, J. & W., 404. Bcntivy, 006. liruwn & Ited-
putb, 477. Callum, 479. Cornell, 215. Kdwardii,
241. Kvana & Co., 103. Fluvel, 38. Front, 393.
Garton & JarviH, 48.1. Goddard, 380. Kued, 378.
Kv|iii & Co., 489. Loiigden Sc, Co., 105. Mapple-
heck & Lowe, 370. KirketK, 433. Seures, 020.
Tozer, 390. WuketitOd, 381.
Austria, Albrecht, .\rchduku, 43 1 . Barte Imus, Brothers,
& Beriihardi, 432. Plriichl, 433.
France, Audreoleti, W. C, 10. See al8o Gas-Cooking,
^c. Apparatus. Steam-Cuoking Apparatus.
Cooking Appaiiatdh (fur Ships)— xxii. Guodbehcre,
481. Wallace&Son, 413.
Cooking Stoves— xxii. Righy, 411. Wakefield, 381 .
Camida, Cheiwy, 151.
Cooking Utensiij* -iv. Diifaville, 125. xxii. Bray,
5110, Kent, 396. Simonite, 270.
Jielgium, De Rose, Uaron, .'165.
France, Boucher & Co., 776, Biidy , 783.
Hamburgh, T\i\v\, 123. India, xxii.
Russia, Iiiijierial Mining WutkH (I'lilarid), 288,
Western Africa, Trutter, 5.
Zollvercin (3), Lattermann & Suns, 27.
Cooling Appahatiin - xxii. Maaters, 634. See almi
Freezing Machines.
CoopKBs' Tools — Canada, Shaw, 149,
CooPERY Abticles—xxviii. Sprin|{iield, 138.
Canada, Bailey, 86, Dodd, 87. See uUo Casks.
Churns.
CoPAL Varnish — Belgium, Reuseng, 100.
Coping — vii. Beadun, 51.
Copper — i. Berger, 439, 5 18 (Main Avenue, West). Gra-
ham, 517. Low, 489. Ruyul Dublin Society of Ire-
land, 508. Swansea Committee, 473.
Austria, Upper Hungarian Mining Association, 3.
Vienna Imperial Minus, 2.
Canada, Montreal Mining Company, 10. China.
Nethcrlmids, Bosch, 82, A'ew South Wales, Mitchell,
5.
JVew Zealand, Taylor, 11,
Bussia, Perm Lnperial Cupper Works, 6, Bogoslovsky
Copper Workit, I, Pashkoff, 23, 24,
Spain, Asturias Mines, Inspector of, 15. Ibarra, 20.
Rio'Tinto Mines, Director of, 8. Fernandez, 25.
Sweden and Norway, Roruas Copper Works, 37.
Tunis, 33, 34. Ttirhen. Tuscany, Hall, Brothers, 12.
United States, Fetitchwanger, 409.
Zollvercin (I), Mansfeld Combined Mininir Works.
800,
Copper, Acetate of -France, Mairc & Co., 317,
('oPPKH, CAHiioNATKor- Siiulh Australia, Graham & Co.,
3.
Cupper Dm:ohations, Stampeu — /Vunce, Mar«anx &
I.«'grand, 332.
CopPKii Mining, Smelting, &c.. Machinery and
Tools i. liankart & Sous, 429. Duchy of Curii-
Wttll, 4^)2. Kicliiirdi, 441a. Taylor, 4.14, 450.
(.'oppER Ores i. Burratt, 511. Bennett & C^., 450.
Berger, 4.39. Breaddlbiuie, Mari|niM of, 7, 442.
(.'ollett, 458, Devon Great ('uiiihiI Cup|iur Mining
Ciimpany, 4,'i3. Dublin Royal •Society, 515. Fahie,
30. Lean, 415. Mining (Jompuny fur Ireland, 507,
Murchison, 521a. Muscliiimp, 511. Puekey, 446,
Itedruth ImvuI Cummittue, 413. S<*ci'umbe, 454.
Swansea Committee, 473. Tiiylor, 434. Tennant,
510. Thoriiv, 475. Welhurne, 470.
AUjeria, Mousaie Minos, 18.
Belgium, I)e Russe, 33,
(■'anada, Montreal Mining Company, 10. India, l.
Nku> Zmland, Lewis, 13. Mun'niiun, 2. Reeve, 12,
Russia, lioguslovsk (/'opper Works, 1.
St, Domingo, Sclioinbur|{k, Sir R.
Sou(/i Australia, South Australian Comjiany, I, Barossa
Range Mining Compunv, 2. Joseph, 10.
S/;ain, Almeria Mines, Inspector of, 1,1, Rio Tinto
Mines, Director of, 8, Sintaniler Mines, Ini>|iectur
of, 9. Saragosm Mines, Inspector of, 11.
Tuscani/, Vulterru .Salt Alaiiiifuctury, 2.
United States, Ward, 408.
Zullveiein (8), Nassau Government Engineer* u(
Mines, 1.
Copper Ores, Statistics of Sales- 1, Polkinghorue.
400.
Copper Oxide— Soh</i Australia, Graham & Hallett, 3,
Copper, phocehhkh for oiri'AiNiNG — Zollvercin (1),
Mansfeld Combined MiniiiK Works, 800.
CoppER-Pi,ATB Kngravinu (Specimen of) — Sardinia,
Mantaiit, 53.
Copper-I'late Press- VI. Grcig, D. & J,, 114.
Copper-Plate Printing — xxx. (Fine Art Court)
Whiting, 123.
Austria, Rattich, 29. France, Beard, 759.
Copper I'latiw (for Engraving) — xxii. Hughes &
Kimber, 009. Pinder & Suns, 574. See a.\»oFngra-
viwj Plates.
Copper, &c.. Salts of— ii. Tennants & Co., 7.
Copper, Sulphate of— i. Tennants & Co,, 71. 11.
Copner, 118. Hutmel & Ellis, 10 (Main Aveune,
West). Pontifex & Wood, 1.
France, Digeon, 1590. India, u.
Portugal, llirscli, 68, Leal, 06, 67,
Sardinia, Selojiis, Brothers, 4,
Copper, SuLPHURET OF- SoMtA Australia, Barosso Range
Mining Cumpany, 2.
'^/<at\ Granada Mines, Iiis]iector of, IC.
Copper Tubes— /Vance, Groult & llo., 531.
Copper Vases— 7?»«ssia, Demidoll", 324.
Copper Wares xxii. Terry &, Son, 691a. Tylor &
Son, 401. Gold Coast and Ashantee, Forster &
Smitb, 1,
Turhei). Western Africa, Jamieson, 22.
Zollvercin (4), Wagner, 61.
Copperas, Crystals of -ii. Buckley, Trustees of the
late, 4.
Copperas (or Gref:n Vitriol)— ii. Dick & Co., 7d,
Hall, 40. Lindsay, 16.
Copying Machines and Prbssfji- v. Dunn, 018, vi.
Mordan & Co., 205. Muir, 200. Puiw & Co., 148.
Woterluw & Sons, 164, vii. Plowman, 121, Webb,
136, Wedgewood, 475, xxii. Baker, 19, Pierce'
18. Price, 397. Ruthven, 20,
Canada, Peny, 137. France, ''uirier, 963,
CoQUlLLO Oil.— Mexico.
Corahs— See Handkerchiefs, Silk.
Coral and Coral Orna.he.nts- xxiii. Paravagna &
Casella, 84. Algeria, La Calle Fisheries, 41.
Cape of Good Hope, Maitland Wines, 1, Turkey.
Tuscan!/, IMTaelli & Son, 69.
Cordage" -See Ropes, Cordage, ^c.
CoBK (Haw uud Manufactured) iv. French, 127, Pcet,
[OrriciAi, Illistbated Catalogue.]
I
ALPHABETICAL AND CLASSIHED LIST OP ARTICLES
Ki-
\31. XVII. Lloyd, '2i, xxviit. liaw, 124
(laile & Murxrave, 125. French & Uulltr, 126.
Algeria, Wood and Furevt Cominiiiniun, 47.
France, Duiiriit «c Cii., 492. Portugal, 314.
Spain, Ueiuna, 189. (itiinurt, I8N.
CoiiK, AHT1C1.E8 EXECUTED IN— iTo/Zcfrein (I), GeHiutdt,
839.
Cork Cabvinos— xxx. (Fuio Art Court) Diiry, 23.
O'liyrn, 297. Olilenbiiryh, Coaiebuliin, 1.
Cork Hats— xxviii. Clarkson, 197.
C'oHK^i, Mf.ciianicai,— /r«Hce, Journial, 353.
CoHKscuKws -VIII. KicliardH It Co., 240. xxi. nmdfurd,
It. Si Co., 3. XXII. HuyiivH, 384. Jonei & !iuu», 277.
Unwin, 178.
Corn (including Grain of all Kinds)— iii. Alliert, H.K.H.
Priiicp, 1U7. Asprcy, 01). IK-xley, Lord, 100. Ca-
hill, 90a. CouHeiis, 88. Criiu)(liton, 92, Fordham,
94. Fox, 90. tiil)b8 & Co., 104. Cihsun, 102. II-
liiigwurth, 115. Irwin, 99. Jones, 100. .Iiison, 95.
Keene, 98. Kendall, 75. Levy, 120. McKillican.
114. Maund,79. Milne, 83. Payne, 82. Uayubitd,
II. L., 74. Ituynbird.U. H., 7:1. Sadler, 103a. Sheii-
iiard, 70. Slovt-ns, 91. Sutton & Sons, 112. Tay-
lor & Son, 77. Tiino l^cal Committor, 71. Walker,
8J. Watt, 110. Webb, 72. WelNmiMi, 78. Wrench,
J., & Sons, 80.
./l/r/r/'m, Chutliirt, 17. Dnpru du St. Maur, 23. Jean-
tut, 29. Lepellutier, 33. Murchiii, M.
Aunlria, Carnioliau Agriculluml Society, 70.
lielginm, Ileheyt, 70. Culle, 01, Coosemans, Od.
Delbaere, 60. De Mulder, 37. De Mathelieu, 58.
D'Hollaoders, 51. D'Huurt de Villemunt, 48,
Herinck, 43. Legras, 47. Merchx, 496. MerteiiH,
Huron, 5j. Miuleu, 34. Pevnians, 50. Peers, 73,
I'erdieus, S,"), Slobbel.iurs, 60. Vanden KUt, 45,
Vamlen Porre, 44. Van Opheii, 49. Verheyden, 46.
Vyven«, 39. Willems, 77.
Biitish Giiiiina, Neisclur, 8-11.
Canada, Allan, 28. Boa, 46. Desjardini, 30, 47.
Drummond, 32, Oraliam, 34, Laurent, 31. Logan,
27, 57, Muir, 37. Provincial Agricultural Associa-
tion, 33, 35. Shaw, 56. Titteniore, 30. Watts, 38.
Weene, 29.
&H</i i4/nca. Barn, 46. Rutherfoord, 23, VoUteedt, 6,
Cci/lon,
Denmark, Bi'nzon, 45, Pnggiard & Co., 1. Voiglit, 46.
£j)i/pt, 52, 68, 70, 73, 84, 85, 87-94, 101.
trance, Bazin, 1073, Cresi.el-Dclisae, 465, Mabire,
1334.
India, iii, Jersei/ and Guernsei/, Le Couteur, 2,
Malta, PuHn, 4, Monlserrat. Netherlands, Vis, 7,
Neuj lirnnswick, Blackville, 14, Brophy, 19, Clial-
mers, 29. Goiidrellow, 28. McDermot
15, 17, 22.
New South Wales, Hiillett, II. C & M., fi.
New Zealand, 38, I..0W and Mo<ion, 24,
Nova Scotia, Central Cominitte«, 2,
Portugal, 297-329, 331-39 1 ,
i^uxsirt.Bjfjner, 39, Bistrom, -JO. Bobrinsky, Count, 56.
Caucasus, .A|»ricidtoral Society of, 58, Cossacks of the
AzoffSea, 37, DokhtourofF, 35. Krshoff; 60. (iooriel,
Prince, 61. Hirshmann, 34, 114. Horticulture, Schuul
of, 41. Karklioff, 45. Kbalil-Beck-Saphieff, 5".
Klepatsky, 3j. Koucbeluii', Count, 32. Lushkareflj
33, MatveieflT, 40. Moroiuff; 38. Onnkovsky, r)4.
Pavlotr, 333. Pousnuoff, 59. Katbhinsky, 49. Kekkc,
48. Kopp, Baron, 47. Saronuii; 5.'>. SuliTaniiff, 32.
Shabelsky, 42. Treskoff', 43. Vielhorsky, Count, 44.
Vladimirskv, .^0. Zilfoogar Beck & Isk.imler Beck
«)>;li, 51.
South Australia, He.ith & Burrow, 9.
&>oiH,50,:.9, 60,63,72, 79, 82.86.87,91, 92, 96, 130.
Badillo, 57. Bartieutos, 63. Beierril, 71. Benito, 78,
Casailii, 85, C'asiellon, Corjioration of, 76, Cbh, 64,
Colom, 74, De Cordoba, 69. Enriquez, 73. Gil, 95.
tiinoves, 70. Guzman, 58. Macorra, 63. Medina
del Campo, Pedtosa, & Gonieznarru, 66. Monfort,
88. Nunno,62. Penafiel, 77. Piedrola,84, Pinan,
61. Porfilla, 291, 291. Salido, 75. Tcrnero, 68.
Torres, 67. Trinidad, Lord Hairis.
18.
Wyie,
Moses, 4.
Tiinis, 60-07, 69-72, 102-103. Tiirhfif.
Thscani/, Brucchi, 27. Paulelii, 20. Pavtorelli, 33.
Sluaue, 28.
United State», Bell, 103. Dix, 139. Heath, 6.
IU>cker& Urutber, 114. Horry, 320e. HutchkUs,
342. Jewett, 499. Kirtland, 84. Lathrup, 299.
Newton, 387. New York State Agricultural Hociety,
83. KeiiisburKb, 317. Ohio State Buutd uf Agri-
culture, 24. Thompton, 238.
Van Diemen'* Land, Brown & Co., 45, 46, Denisoii,
Sir W. T., 26, 28, 35, 38. HartHir, 185. Lipscombe,
42. McPberson & Francis, 350. McNauchten, 41,
43. Marshall, 36, 37. Patterson, 48. Tooth, 47.
Walker, 44, 49.
Zollverein (1), Lisia Corporation uf Millers, 35. (2),
Krii'h, 19. Haininerschmidt, 18. (6), Heme Darm-
stadt Board of Agriculture, 13. See also Flour,
CoBN-DRViNO Machine— IX. Vivian, 227.
Corn and Grain Cleaning and Dressing Machines —
VI. Hicks & Son, 218. ix. Brown & Archbold, 230.
Cuborn. 200. Garrett & Sons, 142. Orounsell, 148.
Holmes & Sons, 241. Hornsby & Son, 233. Robin-
son, 126. Uuwley, 87. Royce, 58. imith, 276.
Spiller & Taylor, 64, 64a. White, 181.
Belgium, Dauneau, 907. DelslanHie, 910.
Corn and Grain Grinding and Cr'jShino Miixs— vi.
Fairbairu & Co., 421. Iluxliams & Brown, 446. ix.
Bairett, Kxall & Anc 128. Beudell, 32. Clay-
tun & Shuttlewotth, . i. Crosskill, 133. Dcane,
Dray & Deane, ISO. Gillett, 78. Garrett & Sons,
142. Hart, 72. Hayes, 117. Ilansoines& May, 124.
Richmond & Chandler, 137. Samuelsun, 183. Smith,
236. Smith & Co., 266. Turner, 182. Wedlake «c
Co., 127. White, 181. Woods, 82.
France, Mauzaize, 924. Mesmer, Son & Co., 033.
.See also Grinding and Crushing Mills. Millstones,
Corn-lift— V. Armstroni;, 44.
Corn Mills- vi. Corcoran & Co., 416. Fairbai-.n, 403.
Westrup, 442. ix. Howard, J. & F., 240.
Corn and Seed Meters— ix. Gingell, 2)c. :(xviii.
Mactiregor, 146.
Corn Stacks and Stack Levels— ix. Jennison, 70.
Corn Whisi-s and Dvstkrs— Canada, Bruinerd, 82.
Nelsiin & Butieis, 84.
Cornelian Engraving— xxx. (Fine Art Court) Gif-
ford, 2S0.
Cornet-a-Pistons— x. Gisborne, 307. Jordan, 323. Mac-
failane, 673. Oates, 520. Pace & Sons, 517,
Canada, M'Phe:M)i., 183.
France, Besson, 424. (laubot, 844.
ZollL-ere\ii (3), Glier & Son, 20. (6), Mueller, 24.
Cornwall Mining Map - 1. Hunt, 321.
Cornwall and Swansea— Statistics of Sales of Cop-
per— I. Polkingbiiriic, 460.
Corrugated Ga!.vanizkd Iron — i. 216.
Cousin's. See Stai/s and Corsets. ,
Couundum-Stonk - II. Ellain, Jones & Co., 38. '
Cottages, Labourers', &c. (Models)— v. Grcatorcx,
413. VII. Holmes, 176. ix. Klliiitt,41. Grimitley,
136. xxvii. Albert, H.R.H. Prince (at the Cavaliy
Banackx, ii))pi)site tlie Kxhibiiion). Allen, 68.
Gritliths & Strong;, 67. Society lor improving the
ciindition of the labouiing classes, 124. xxx. (Fine
Art Court) Bardwell, 179. Bond, 2S. Evans, 202.
Sillett, 26.
Cotton Fabrics (Various)— xi. Allen, 65. Cross, 41.
Glover & Dunn, 50. Horrockses, Miller & Co., 60.
Kinur, R. & W. 23. Owtram & Co., 62. Paierson
&Ct>,, 11, Siidworth, 42, Thackeray & Sons, 27,
Walker, 46. xii, & xv, Behreus, 180, Dalbv,
152, Firth & Sons, 37, Pearson, 239, Wilson, 138.
xiv, Walton & Co., 38, xx. Carver & Gilbert, 98,
Algeria, C<ix & Co,, 68. Delegate of Algiern, 58.
Austria, Khinger, 181. Friedrich, 182. Lang, 183.
Leitenber^rar, E., 186, Leitenberger, F,, 187, Oss-
berger's Successor, 189, Wolfrum, 301,
Belgium, Canfyn, 190. De Cuiper, 192. Petit Noel,
Lerouge, & Co., 246-230. Satire, 483. Schelstraete,
231. Servaes, 293, .Servais, 291, Vanderberghe, 232.
CeyloH, China, Hewett & Co. Lindsay.
DESCRIBED IN THE CATALOGUE.
li
PuHtorelli, 39.
139. Heath, 6.
20is. HotchkUii,
Lathrop, 29<J.
(ricultural Society,
e Ouuid of Agii-
45, 46. Deni«oii,
185. LiiiBCumbo,
McNauchten, 41,
, 48. Tooth, 47.
Milli-M, 35. (2),
(6), He»»e Darin-
!« uUo Flour.
227.
ssiNo Machines—
I & ArchboUl, 250.
2. Groiin«ell, 118.
Son, 233. Robin-
58. iinith, 276.
lite, 181.
e,910.
jsniNO Mills— VI.
& IJrowii, 446. IX.
Ucmlell, 32. Clay-
skill, 135. Dcaiie,
. Giiirett & Sons,
nsoineii& May, 124.
iiiBldon, 185. Smith,
r, 182. Wedlake «c
ii2.
, Son & Co., 635.
yiilh. Miltntones.
16. Fairbai-.n, 403.
fc F., 240.
inell, 2")c. -ixviii.
X. JunniKon, 70.
ladd, UruiuerO, 82.
iiie Art Court) Gif-
, Jordnn,523. Mac-
& Sons, 617.
), Mueller, 24.
21.
:6 OF Sales of Cor-
1216.
I& Co., 58.
Is) — V. (ircaforcx,
[liiitt, 41. Grinisley,
|nce (at tbe Cavahy
iuii). Allen, 68.
/ lor improving •'"!
it, 124. XXX. (Fino
23. Evans, 202.
len, 65. Crow, 41.
1, Miller & Co., 60.
I Co., 62. Paiersoii
Ickeray & Song, 27.
lireiis, 180. Ualliy,
1,239. Wilson, 138.
iarver & Gilbert, 98.
lof Al(?ier», 58.
I, 182. Lant', 185.
Irger, F., 187. Oss-
ki, 301.
i, 192. Petit Noel,
|, 483. ScbeUtraete,
IVanderbergbe, 252.
Inilaay.
Denmark, Wii1flr& Sons, 5.
Juiypt, 175, 178, 180, 182, 183, 184, 186, 187, 207.
I^raiice, Uiech, Steinbach, & Mantz, 29, Ooiichard,
1103. Delamoriniere & Co., 1583. Duhar-Delei-
paiil, 148. Diiranton, 494. Ilartman & Sum, 256.
Ouricamp Society, 379. Patriaii, 1380. Scampi,
1479. Schlumberger&Co. 1481. Schwartz & Hu-
Kuenin, 1003. Soiui Sc S»n, 381.
Gold Coait and Aihantee, Fortter & Sinitli, I.
India, xi.
Malta, Banavia, 3. Pulia, 4. Schembri, 3. Villa,
Fratelli, 5.
Portugal, Harboia, 682, 6.S3. Da Lui, 775, 776.
Ddufrias & Co , 856-865. Liubon Weaving Co., 684-
700. Pinto & Co., 770-774, 777-780.
Iius»ia, Molkehanoft; 373. Popoff, i 74.
Sweden and Norway, 26.
i^uitierland, Aiideregg, 111. Bnvet & Co., 39. Brei-
tenstein, 117. Hnnziker & Co., 166. LHuterber)^,
129. Rikli, 133. Vauuher & Co., .36. Zeller, 144.
Tiinh, 10. Turkey. Tuscany, Pudreddii, 60.
United States, Amoskeag Manufacturing Co., 2. Char-
leston Factory, 175a. Delanoe, 545. Fox & Polhe-
mu8, 352. 6raniteville Factory, 175. Kimbal, 457.
Lonsdale Co., 35. Sayle, Merriam, & Brewer, 406,
Western Africa, 24. Fortter & Smith, 2. Ilutton,
\. v., 21. Hutton & Sons, 6. K.mg, 7. McWilliam.
Hothery, 4. Townsend, 11. Weston,!.
Zo'lverein (1), Bodemer & Co., 820. Cramer, 610.
Croon, Brothers, 609. Dahlheim, 814. Funke, 587.
Lambert & May, 579. Neuhiiim, 577. Seipermann
h M.'hlau, 676. Stephaii & Co., 159. Voelkel &
Co., 91. Vogel & earner, 711. (2), Lienbort, 43.
( )), Bock, 65. Becker & Schraps, 84. Uuehler &
Son, 56. Hetzer & Son, 64. Heynig & Co., 57.
(I), Kolb & Schule, 28. Zais, 48. (.)), Meyer &
Schwartze, 8. See also Mixed Fabrics.
Cotton Gins — India, vi.
United States, Bates, Hyde, & Co., 440. See also Cali-
coes. Cambrics. Chintzes. Cotton-opening, ^c. Ma-
chines. Damasks {Cotton, ^c). Doeskins {Cotton).
Dyed Cotton Velvets. Di/ed Cotton Yams and Cloth,
(winghams.
Cotton AIachinert — v. Squire & Co., 706. vi. Crichton,
36. Hibliert, Piatt & Sons, 1. Higgins & Sons, 14.
I.each, 7. Ryder, 222. Sutcliffe, 42. India, vi. See
t\ho Bobbins (Cotton, ^c). Carding Engines. Having
.Frames. Spindles. Spinning Wheels and Machinery.
iVarping Machinery.
CoTT-ON Ma'nufactuke, ILLUSTRATIONS OF — XI. Baillv,
53. Glover & Dunn, 50.
Cotton Opening and Cleansing Machines — vi. Cal-
vert, 27. Crichton & Co., 36. Hibbert, Piatt & Sons, 1.
See also Cotton Gins,
Cotton Plant, wild, Canada, Ashton, 355.
Cotton, Raw— iv. Koyle, 107. xi. Brook & Brothers,
24.
Algeria, Denes, 6. Cliuflart, 17. Dupre de St. Maiir,
23. (irima, 26. Haloche, 27. Murin, 39. Pelissier,
42. Reverclion, 44.
liarbadoes.
British Guiana, Bee, 74, 75, 76. Blair, 71, 72. Netscher,
73. Ridgway, 163. Ross, 76a, 768.
South Africa, Buzley, 3Ub. Butauic Garden,' 10.
Manuel, II. Cei/lon.
C/iina, Slianghae, ti. M.'s Consul at,
F^i'ipt, 106, 134. 151.
India, IV. Malta, Pulis, 4. Schembri, 3.
New South Wales, Dudgeon & Co., 4.
Portugal, 539, 540. Nogueira, .538.
liussia, Abdiiurzi-Maran-Ogli, 94. Djidjivadze, Prince,
95. St, Helena, Agricultural Society, 2.
Society Islands, Queen Pumare.
Spain, Villars, 162. Trinidad, Urd Harris. Turkey.
United States, Almy, Patterson, & Co., 454. Bagby,
329. Bond, 37. Hampton, 172b. Holmes, 316.
Jones, J. R., 172a. Jones, J. V., 172. Lak, 330.
M'Leod, 172e. Merriweather, 164. Mitchell, 179.
Morgan, 288. Nailor, 178. Pope, 32. Seabrook.
172f, 320d. Truesdale & Co., 494.
Western /j/rit<i. Trotter, 9. Wi'»ton, 1 .
Cotton SEi:D--iii. Burn, (iH, Western j^frica, Weston, 1.
Cotton VVaste— ii. Duncan, 76.
Cotton ITabn, Twist, &c.— xi. Dixon tt Sons, 19.
Gieenhalgh & Sons, 28. llouldNworth & Co. 54.
Oswald, Stevenson & Co., 10, Waters Si Co., 43.
XII. & XV. Black & Wingate, 204.
./luji/ria, Chiachich, 171. Dierziers, 176a. Grillmam,
172. Orohmann, 178. Hirscliell & Minerbi, 173.
I^nswn, 173a, Perger, 174. Pordenoue Cotton Mill
and Dyeing Kstablistiment, 175. Ricliter, 176, J9ri-
lish Guiana, Hies, 137,
France, Cox & Co., 392. Hofer & Co., 875. Motte,
Bosiut & Co., 691. Picipiot, 389. Vantroyen &
Malkt, 719.
Switzerland, Billeter, 147. Blum, 114. Buchler &
Sons, 120. Clais, 121. Imhoof, 12G. Leunuinn, Bro-
thers, 130. Rietir, 132. Suhmi>l, 13rt. Schwarz,
137. Springer, 138. Winkler, l-i2. Turkei/.
Zollvereiu (1), Rrlnck, 607. Hagen Turkey lied Dye-
ing Company, 002. NeuholT, 603. Sartoeins & Co ,
611. Schoeller, 603. Wiedemann & Co., 488.
WolfT, 600. (3), Bodemer, 40. Heymann 3!), Pausa
& Hauschild, 42. Siraiis<, 38. Otto, 47.
CouiiT Costume— XX. Phillpoits, 18. xxx. (Fine Art
Court) Mitchell, 124, .'l.>6.
Court Plumes— See Feathers, Plumes, ^c ,
CousoBKOUEUB— /'rrtHcc, Mai;niii, 1654.
Cow Bells- See Bells, Cattle,
Cow IIaih— xxix. Wright, 240.
Cradles, Coth, &c.— xx. Capjier & Son, 45. xxii. Reid,
043. XXVI. Dixcee, 16. Jennens & Bettridge, 167.
XXVIII. Tarbutt, 189. xxx. (Fine Art Court) Her
Mnji'sty the Qut-rn, 353.
Cranes— V. Allan, 711. Fairbaini & Sons, 417. Fox,
Henderson, & Co., 404. James & Co., 4 II, McNicoll
& Vernon, 4.34. Slight, 705. Stothert, Riiyno, & Pitt,
403. Warren, 558. vii. BremniT, 95. Spurgiii,
76. IX. Deaue, Dray, & Deanc, ISO. Slight, 42.
Netherlands, Enthoven, 76. See also Fireplace Crane.
Hydraulic Crane. Steam Cranes.
Cranks . for Swum-Knciines, &c. — v. Judge, 130,
Squire & Co. "Oti.
Crape— XII. & xv. Bottomlev, 161. xiii. Courtauld &
Co., 34, Grout & Co., 36. Pulling, 63.
Eiypt, 215, 318.
France, Hruiict Sc Co., 1120. Montessuy & Chomer,
1360. Thevenet, Ratfin & Roux, 1500. Turkey,
Zollvereiu ( 1 ), Fimke, 687.
Cravon Boards, Coloured— xvii, Tumbull, J. L. & J,
45.
Crayon Painting— xxx. (Fine Art Court) Kearney, 5,
CnwouB'-Zollverein (2), Rehbach, 82.
Cream of Tartar— .^Hstrtn, Weber, 18.
Sardinia, Custagneto, 76. Spain, Uescanzas, 239,
Creosote— II. Morson & Son, 106,
Zollverein (5), Broenner, 1. (6), Oehler, 8.
Chiiibage-board— xxx. (Fine Art Court) Wilson 200,
Cricket Bats, &c. -XXIX. Caldecourt, l!i9. Clap.haw,
180. Clements, 189. Dark, M., & Son», 197. Dark,
R., 198. Duke & Son, 191. Lillywhite & Sons, 196.
Medway, 195. Page, K. & W., 194.
Crochet Needles— XXII. Hardy, 146.
Crochet Work— XIX. Ci-nsiuble, 134. Copeland, 130.
Cross, 141. Daiibv,C. &T.,71. F.iudel & Phillips,
165. Fryer, 237. Irish Work Society, 77. Lock-
wood, 240. Padwick,251. Pearse, 266'. Riego de la
Brunchardiere, 17. Sutton, 3U8. Waterhuuse, E. &
M., 336. Woolcock, 356. Wratislaw, 357.
Ionian hlands, Mavroiaiuii, 2. ilfai/eira. Read, 1.
Zollvereiu (6), Mcprschel, VVinzenried & Co., 28.
Crosby Hall, Bisuopsgate— xxx. (Fine Art Court) Seal
218. '
Crown Glass— xxiv. Chance & Co., 22. Hartley &Co.,
100(Main Avenue, East),
Crucibles-i. Huel, 435. xxv. JulelT, J. & J., 30.
Mithell, 29a. lielgium. Puissant, 356.
France, Deyeux, 476. United States, Atwoixl, 426.
Crumb Cloths and Stair Carpeting -xiv. Beveridge,
e2
I'l
* I
1 1
I 11
"i
!
Ill
ALPHABETICAL AND CLASSIFIED LIST OP ARTICLES
CHVNTALUKiRAPiir (Models illuitraliva af)i— I- Levmii, 8,
Chyitam— I. Devoiuhir*, Duke of, 14, 531. Mitthrll, 9.
Tviiiiaiil, 14. XXIII. Kmanuel, II'J. xxiv. Uicliurd-
•on, \V. H. B. &J., 14.
J>anc«, DerUiid, 1349. LamWrt, 103s. SceaUoHoch
Cri/nlaU.
Cudi»:ah-ii. Marthall, 68. iv. Smitli & Son, G8.
CiTMNARY Utbshim.— A« CookiiKj UlemiU.
CULTIVATOR, SKLr-AiMuaTiNa— IX. Hfiidul), 33. See alio
IJley CuUivatoii.
CnPHiNo Instbuments— X. Pratt, 635.
Sii-itterluiid, luiiod, 106.
CuHn-Miu.— IX. Stukei, 29S.
CiiRUNO Stonks— 1. CiMeli, 26. Kay, 27.
CiiKiiANT-DRKSSlNO Maciiink ~ VI. Wealliotley, 441.
Curriers' Tools -xxii. UriKfC, 145.
CuRHv-coMUS 'Aimtriii, Kuller, 460.
United StaleifliimUier, 301.
CuRRV-PowpER, Chutnek, &c.— III. Payiie & Sun, 22.
CuRTAi.N Hods— France, Dupe* & Co., 1594. >%t also
liriiss Foimdrij, ^c.
CvnTAifis —AiiatrKi, Vulkmanii, 190.
Frivwe, CaHlcl, 83. Dauilvillc, 136.
Hambiiiyh, Heiier, 2ft, Muckeiiliuiiii & .\l|iers, 27.
Verheim, 28. Zollverein (4), Van Kwerger 8i Co.,
Hi.
Cushions, Neet>i.e Work, &c.— xix. Juiies,219. Kiddle,
384. xxvi. Illoit, 18.
Western Africa, Beecham, 12. Forbes, 8. Hutton, 21.
King, 7.
Custard Powder— hi. Edwarda, 134.
Cutlery— I. Solly & Co., 410. x. Philp & Whicker,
611. Weetloii, 640. xxi. Bciirli, 48. Blofeld & Co.,
4. Bradford, K. & W., 3. Uradford, 8., 2r>. Col|{an
& Soil, 23, Deaiie & Co., 6. Durham, 46. Orud-
w«ll, 40. Hilliard & Co., 33. Loy, 15. Malliews,
181. Mechi, 12. Morton, J. & G., 7. Moaely & .Son,
1.1. Oir.ml, 28. Sliarpe, J. & R., 10. Thornhill, 2.
Yffatei, 19. xxii. Algor, 118. Barge, 144. Bashaw,
143. Ulake & Parkin, 193. Rroukes & Son, IIOa.
Burrows, 222. Clayton, 142. Ellin & Co., 120. KIlis,
156. Ky'«&Co.,203. H lue, 22Ga. Hargreaves & Co.,
116. Hiiicliire,224. Uolh ja, 130. Hut in, 166. Ibbot-
■oii & Co., 191. Jones, 136. Ledger, 15'>. Leon, 225.
Mikin, 112. Mamiin & Brothrra, 139. Marsh & Co.,
162. Marsimll, 197. Mottram & H.iwkinn, GUI, New-
bould & Baildon, 133 a. Nicholson, l;i7. Nowill &
Sons, 149. Uliver, 121. Parkin & Marshall, 119.
Itodgers & Sons, 690 ( Main Avenue, VVest) . Saynor &
Sons, 198. Sellers, 147. Turner & Co., 117. Unwin&
Rogers, l.')9. Unwin, W., 178. Whittles & Frognait,
60;t. Willoughby, 173. Wilson & Son, 193. WinVs
& Son, 134. Wustenholm, 125. xxiil. lliKK<»s, 113.
Austria, Alsterlierger, 303. Bauer, 504. Bley, 503.
Ureshinaier, 306, Bubenitsch, 5U7. Daucher, 3U;4.
DernberRer, 509. Dietzl, 510. Doppler, 51 1. Fors-
ter, 312. Freukner, 313. Frohlich, C.,514. Frulilich,
J., 315. Grunwald, 516. Haindl, 317. Helm, 518.
Hofer, 319. Kalieiimark, 320. Kerbler, 521. Kraiia-
wetter, 522. Liclitl, 523. Lieder, 52 1. I.«sclien-
kolil, C, 525. I..08chi-nkoliI, J., 526. Maderbmck,
527. Miller, 328. Miller, J., 330. Mitter, J. Hen.,
529. Moser. A., .331, .532. Moser, C, 533. Moser,
F., 334. Moser, G., 535. Moser, J., 330, 537. Os-
terberger. 338. PessI, 344. Pfusterschmi>lf, 546.
Pichler, 539. 515. Pillss, 541. Pilss, C, 340.
Pilss, G., 512. Pilss, M., 543. Rapp, 547. I'eid-
ler, J., 550, Reidler, L., 5Jl. UessI, J., 548.
Ressl, M.. 549. Rosier, 532. Riipprecht, 353. Salz-
wiminer, 534. Schindler, 355. Sciiwingliammer, 536.
StierholVr, 5.^7. Stierl,558. Stuckliarf, 559. Voith,
560. Wacter,361. Weichselbaumer, J.,562. Weichsel-
buumer, M., 363. Teyfelmeyer, 564.
JJ^h/iiim, Mounoyer, 352.
South Africa, Aloravian Missionary Station at Geiia-
deii al, 44. Ceylon.
France, Charriere, 1145. Guerre, 858. Lanne, 1641.
Picnult, 348. Renodier & Son, 982. Roissard, 1450.
Yabourdeati, 1496.
I'ldia, I. XXI. Jersei/ and Guemsei/, Carmalf, 18.
Ionian hlandt. Ward, 6.
Nova Scciid, Acadian Iron Mining Assooialioii, I.
Archibald, 2. Jiuuia, lakvlelT, 286.
Su-eiien and Norway, Heljettrand, II, LuiuUjvisI, II.
Desterlierg, II. ^tille, 12 A. Svalling, II.
Turkey.
United State$, Ijiwrence. 517. Pouley, 225.
WfHtern j\f'rica, Jamiesoii, 22,
iSoUverein (1), Boecker, 633. C(i|ipel, 628. Hairii-
clever & Sons, 631, llenkels, 187. Ililgert & Suns,
(>31. Iloeller, 637, I.inder, 629, Luokliaus & Co.,
631, Pott, J, D, 615. Post & Sons, U 16, Schnioix !c C'o.,
673. Scliniz, 880. Nchwarte, 640. Tlionuu, 071.
(3), Krumhholi & Trinks, 30, Levy, 31. (4). Diitinar,
llrotlirrs, 57.
Cyanide Pov/dkr— Zollverein (1), Krimmelbeiii & Urcdt,
457.
Cyanoi'ype and Ciirvsotype Pictures (Sir J. Ilerschel's)
— X, Henneinan & Maloiie, 297.
CvcLups Steel Works, Sheffield, (Model oO - xxii.
Jnhnsnn, Cammill, & Co., 109.
CuTTiNO Machine— VI. Harrild & Son, 137.
Cypress Tree China, Standish & Nuble.
Daooers— f;aBC«, Vilpelle, 1523.
Jlumiia, Dazalay, 164. 08te-Selim-Molla<Noori-(>|{li,
163. Suain, Toledo Royal Ordnance, 206. Turhry.
M'eatern Africa, Hutton & Sons, 6. McWiliiam,
Zollverein (I), Schu z, 880.
Daouerreotypk Apparatus- X. Beaururd, 406. Claudet,
296, Field & Sun, 230. Home & Co., 220.
France, Mayer, Brotliers, 623.
Zollverein (1), Sciineider, 203. (5), Alliert, 7. &>ial«o
Calotype Apparatut. Camera (iliscura.
DAaUKHREOTVPE (oR PHOTOGRAPHIC) PlCTURKt - X.
Beard, 292. Bingham, 302. Claudet, 296. Gribltlie
and U Bean, 404. Kilburii, 294. Mayall, 2i>>.'.
Paine, 295. Hi|ipingham, 304. Tyre, Brothers, 209.
XXX. (Fine Art Court) Craddock, 227. LariKlie, 232.
VoigtlwuliT & Co., 254. Austria, Vogel, 739, 740.
France, Bayard, 414. Gouiii, 211. Le Gray, 585.
Maucomble, 620. Plognio), 1679. Sabatier, 14U7.
Saiigrin, 690. Thierry, 1038.
Hamburgh, Kohnke, 10.3.
United 'Stateu, Brady, 137. Itrainard, 509. Evans, 105.
Fontain & Porter, 330. Gnvit, 12.'i. Harrison, 223.
Lawrence, 131. Mayall, 491. M< ad & Brothers, 1 09.
Pratt & Co., 264. Root, 42. Win mile, 451. White-
hurst, J., 523. Whilehurst, J. H., 377.
Zollverein (4), Von Miimtoli, 191. Sfe also Ca{o(y/ie
Process. Chromatype I'ictiires. Cyanotype and
(^hrysotype Pictures.
Dairy l'TEN8iL8-r-/;«/i(/, vi. See also Butter Prints and
Hoards. flutter Tubs. Cheese Presses. Churns.
Curd Mili-i. Milk Pails. Milk Strainers.
Dam for Kivkb Opebatio.nm (Model)— vii. Green, 17.
Damask Looms— vi. Henning, 43.
Damasks (Cotton, and Cotton and Woollen) -Sivitzer-
land, liliimer & Jenny, 116.
Zo//(;ereirt(2),Biaun,39. (3), Heynig >"t Co. 57. IIa«scl
& Co. 86. Lohie, 83. iloehrig & Albrecht, 87.
Seyllert & Breyer, 8&.
Uamasks (Linen) - XIV. Brown & Sons, 17. Ciuiter, 36.
Capper & Son, U3. Carter, Brothers, 36. Corry &
Co., 24. Coulson, 92. Crawford Sc Lindsays), 13.
Devas & Co., 34. Fletcher, 36. Ilattersley i<<[ Co.,
36. Haxworth & Carnley, 3(>. Houghton, 30. Hunt
& Son, 28. Jackson and Matthewinan, 36. Kiiinis,
26. Pegler, 43. Pigott & Newton, 36. Richurdsuu
& Co. 7.
Austria, Von Harrach, 283. Simonetla. 291.
Belgium, Dujardin, 217. .
Frimce, (irassot & Co., 52G, 1257,
Netherlands, Galle, 47. Geffen, 46. Yen, 44. Voort,
43.
^o/{(ieretn (1), Mueller, 541. Uriian, 724. Westermaim
& Sons, 544. Wiedeiimann, 669. (2), Treiidels & Son,
41. (3), Beyer & Co., 51. Lieske & Haeliler, 32.
Proeiss & Sons, 34. Waentig & Sons, 53. (4), Fubur,
33. (6), Lohn, 29. Sturtli, 30,
DESCRIBED IN THE CATALUUUR.
liii
AnoeUtioii, I.
Luiidiiviit, II.
UK, II-
r, 225.
el, 628. Hiufii-
Ililgen & Sum,
Liicklmui & ('(I,,
0. Sclinioix fi i'l';
. Tliumof, 071.
,31. (4), Dillnmr,
nmvlbeiii & Urcdt,
( (Sir J. llertclierO
[MoiU'l oO - XX"-
.137.
lie.
.Molla.NiM>rl-()Rli,
ice, 200. Turhy.
McWiliiam,
ri>rd,406. Clauile»,
Co., 220.
, Allwrt, 7. Sen alio
icura.
IC) PiCTORKt - X.
idet, 29(i. Griii?th»
H. May all, '10 :.
Tyre, Drutlien, 200.
227. Lurnoliv, 252.
Vogel, 7;J0, 740.
Le Uray, 585.
Sabutier, 14li7.
509. Kvani, 105.
:>. iliirriiiiii, 221).
I lid & Hrolliera, 100.
iiilile, 451. Whilii-
377.
See alio Calotype
Ci/anoli/pe and
Butter Prints and
Prrnses. Churns.
Struiiirrs.
|)— VII. Green, 17.
I'oollen) - Switzer-
;.tCo. 57. Ila<»cl
& Albrecht, 87.
la, 17. Cmiter, 3«.
liters, 36. Curry &
Id & Liiidsn)'!*, )U.
lllutteritley & Cu.,
bugliton, 50. Hunt
^inan, 36. Kiuuia,
36. Ricliiirdauii
ktia, 291.
Ven, 44. Voort,
I 724. Westermaim
|2),Treudel»&Son,
Lke & Haeliler, 52.
[i>, 53. (4), Fiiber,
4
Damanks (Silk, Satin, and Velvet)— xil. & xv. Hoadley &
I'riilie, 128. Sliepard & Perfect, I il. XIll. Biiyd, 13.
Cumiibell & Co., 31. Orotvenor. 52. Sewell & Co. 10.
Slillwell & Son, 7. Swan and Kdgtkt, II. Wright, 54.
AuHtriu, Giuni, 257, China, Linuaay. Shea.
France, Adulphe, I. Lnpeyre, 1202.
Portuqal, ii,rge, (ifi 5-067.
Kumn, KondraOieir, 353. Matvlefr, 367.
Stirdinia, Chichiiolajc Co., 30. Spain, Orduna, 214.
Sweden, Almgren, 60. Folcker it Son, 89.
Zollverein ( 1), Lticiui & Co., 729. Wiegand, 734. (.*>),
Behr & Scliubert, 50. HoeMJ te Co. 86. I^liir, 85.
Roehrig & Albrecht, 87. SeyfTert & Breyer, 88.
Thnemer & Toeper, 90.
Dam A8K8 (Wonted and Woollen)— xii. Sc xv. Akroyd St
Son, 1.10. lirown, 129. Craveii & Harrop, 153.
Hoadley St Pridie, 124. Holdtworth St Co., 166. Mo
Crea, 135. Ripley & Son, 148. Shepard & Perreol,
131. Ward, 134. /^hmiu, Favar, 195.
Damp (Composition for preierviiig againit) — Belgium,
Coldtera, 41.
Damp nKTECTORS— x. Green, 446.
Damp Walls, Felt tor— vii. Croggon & Co., 110.
Date Dials (for Counting-houiM)— xxii. Slioolbred &
Co., 66.
Dates— a»pt, 27-36, 54, 60, 132, 133, 167.
Tunis, 78; 79, 112, 134.
Decanters— XXIV. Uavis & Co., 15. Gatcliell, 12. Jonet
& Son», II. Molineaiix & Co., 13. xxv. Sharpua &
Culliim, 41. See alio Ghiit Ware.
Decimal Scales— i'ortii^a/, Pinto Duafo, 631.
|)>xx>erio.N8 AND Infusions— II. Austin, 114. Ban, 05.
Decorations (Undescribed) — xxvi. Bonnar & Carfrae,
IU8. Cameron, 03. Good iaon 201.
Spain, Yraburo, 275, See also Ilouse Decorations.
Dental Instruments — x. Finii, 602. Goddard, '^30.
Hikrnell,U84. Harrington, 721. Jack 678. Wood, b43.
United S(a(e«, Chevalier, 120. See also Electric Gal-
vanic Apparatus,
Dentist's Chair— x. Matthews, 181.
Dentistry (Articles of, including Artiflcial Teeth,) — x.
Ash & Suns, 578. Uinsdale 718. Finii, 602. Ghrimes,
574. Harnett, 084. Harrington, 721. Home, 575.
Laurie, 576. Miles, 601. Morrison, 189. Nolan,
558. Parka, 4I3a. Perkiiia, 581. Ransom, 584.
Robinson, 582. Rose, 719. Sinclair & Hockley, 320.
Truman, 720. Wttite,441. Walt, 717. xxiil. Mor-
timer, 57.
Austria, Rdler Von Wursh, 52.
Canada, Dickinson, 193. Raliu, IOa.
Jersey and Guernsey, De le Coude, 7a.
Spain, r^oii, 274. Switzerland, Schneider, 102.
United States, Alcock, 220. Ambler & Avery, 214, 891.
Avery, 76. Barlow, 35U. Brown, 216. Browne, 419.
Buckingham, 63. Hnwea, 153. Hiclicock, 518.
Ho ter, 0. Jones, White, & M 'Curdy, 33. Pliila-
delphin, 558. Reynolds, 61. Wanlle, 47.
ZoUverein (1), Kunat, 70.
Deodorizino CHAMnERS — IX. Rflgera, 183.
Depurator— /v-rtnce, Risler & Son, 1438.
DERnrsHiRE Spar— I. Potter & Co., 87.
Derrick Cranes- v. Fox, Henderson & Co., 404.
Designs (Undescribed)— xviii.Gann, 91. Hunt, 9I». Sand-
way. 03.
Desks- See Writing Desks.
Dewrance's Patent Metal— v. Squire & Co. 706.
Dextrine — Austria, Engelmann, 2i,
DiAdRAPHS AND PANTOGRAPHS— Prancc, Gavard, 235.
Dial Illuminating Apparai ; .s— x. Blaylock, 92.
Dial Plates ("Barometer)— x. Uuf'< 137.
Di AM, Sun— X. Evans, 106. Green, 16. Lawrence, 1 1 5.
Mauritius, Balkeld&Co. 5. Natural History Society. 4.
Netherland Uhlmati, 85. ' J>
Dials, Sun (Portable)— x, Parkes & Son, 671,
Diamond Balances- x. De Grave & Co., 333.
Diamonds— xxiii. " Koh-i-Noor," Her Majesty theOueen,
140 (Main Avenue, East). Hoiic, 73.
India, (Durria-i-Noor, or Sea of Light), xxill. See also
Precious Stones.
Diapers— XIV. Beveridge, 29. Canter, 36. Carttr, Bro-
tilers, 30. C^ihborn it Co., 20, Fletcher, 36. Hal-
tersley & Co., C3. Huxworth St Carnley, 36. Hihbert
39, Jackaoii and Malthewmaii, 31). Pigolt St Newton,
36, Netherlands, (icffen, 46,
ZoUverein (I), DIerig, 92. (3), Branditelter, 55.
Diahtimeter — ZolUernn, (4) Kinxelhiirh, 26.
DinnLiNO MAcniHiat—Sfe .Seed- Dibbling, ((-r., Machines.
Dies (Medal, Button, &e.) — xvll. Pinches k Co., 33.
xxii. Linganl, 264. Nash, 310. xxx. (Fine Art
Court) Soiines, 359.
Sardinia, Lendy, 60, See also Button, Metal, Machinery,
DiuoiNG Machine (Model)— IX. Parsons, 112.
Dimity — xi. Cook, 38 Martin b Son, 37,
Zolluerein (I), Neuhaus, 577.
Dinant Cakc — Belgium, Clavereau, 60.
Dinting Vale Viaduct CModel)— vii. Jee, 222 (Main
Avenue, West). Sidter, page 851.
DiPLEiDoscopE— X. Dent, 55. i'
DiRECTioN-LAREiiS— XVI. Kvans & Soii, 18.
Disinfecting Fluids— iv. Burnet, Sir W., 7. See also
Deodorizing Chambers,
DiSINFKC .0 I'OWDER — II. CoUins, lOf).
DissoLvi.Mi Views — x. Home k Co., 22u.
DisTANCKf) (Instruments for ascertaining and measuring) —
X. Bridges, 330. Elliott & Sons, 320.
Distiller or Rectifier's recording Close Safe— vi,
Dawson, 612.
Distilled Waters— xxix. Taylor k Co., 5.
Distilling Apparatus— France, Andreulelll, 10. Lein-
ster, 1716. Ahcklenhurg-Schwerin, Stohenhetg, 1.
Distributor — vi, I.Awreiice, 604.
Diurnal' REFLECTORB—i-'mnce, Troupeau, 1703.
Dividing Machine — x. Best, 330.
DiviMO Apparatus — v. Deane, 426. vii. Heiiike, 53.
Sielie, 1.
Diving Belu— viii. Bell, 14.
Dock-Gate Caissoons — viii. Ditehbum, 30.
Doeskins (Woollen) — xii. & xv. Brook St Son, 487.
Cooper. D. & J., 42. Scott b Wright, I. Wheeler,
271.
Austria, Riedermann St Co., 206. Binder, 207. Gaee
Cloth Manufacturing Comiuny, 209. Iliek, 216.
Namiest Cloth Manu^turing Company, 220. Posselt,
223. Schoell, 226.
New South Wales, Rayner, A. & G., 22.
liusitia. Aloes & Co. 102.
United States, Withered & Co., 529.
Poo-Kennels — xxviii. Toplis & Sons, 154.
DoLFOR Church (Model) — v ll.Newnham, 170,
Dolls — ZoUverein (2), Neubronner, 97.
Dolomite (for Cement)— i. Sweetman, 40.
Canada, Logan, 1. VVilson, 2.
Domestic Implements — Turns, 51,52. See tAto Cooking
Utensils.
Doors (Models) — vi. Williams, 234. vii. Beadon, 51.
Smith, 119a. xxii. GreenHeld, 676a. xxvii. Emery,
141.
Doors, Swing— xxii. M'Clure, 508.
Door Fastenings— x. Elisliu, 39. xxii. Greenfield, 676a.
Knight. 587.
/?ri/i«/j GHiuna,Sli'c1e, 154, 155b.
France. Credrue, 134. Relicrt, 975.
Jersei/ and &'iieri..vey, "White, 12.
Door Furniture (Porcelain) — xxv. Meyer, T. J. & J. 9.
Door Mats— See Matf. Matting.
Door Tlatfj;, Knobs, &c — xxviii. Smith, 22. xxix.
Lucas, 277.
France, Corderant, 1 1 57. Trelon, Weldon & Weil, 700.
Door Slides (for excluding draughts) — vii. Wilson,
113,188. viil. Beadon, 90. xxii. Gidney, 556.
Door Srui.NGS— XXII. Hampden, 612. Savage, 56.
DouBLiN*^ Machine (for lace thread) — vi, Gardner &
Bazley, 87.
Down — Jiussia, Ladighin, 283. PophofT, 144. See also
Bed Feathers, Down, (fc, EiJer-doum.
Drags and other Apparatus fob saving Life from
Drowning — viii. C'leare, 311. Royal Humane
Society, 15. ix. Whitfleld, 68. See also Ice-Boats,
Drain-Tile and Pipe Machines — ix. Brodie, O.-*.
Clayton, 47. Cottam & Hallen, IOOa. Dean, 4.
m
I
Uv
ALPHAnKTICAN AND CLASSIFIKI) LIST OF AUTICt.KH
ScraKf, *i-i8. Mrliilvlii'ii I, 'i!!). Williami. 131. xxtl.
I'riilntiix, 'i 10. iSf* aim Urich and Tilt Mnchine*.
Drain-Tii.iin AM) I'li'Ki— VVMtcrii KimI, NdiiIi Kiiclutiirr,
(Oiiliiiltf), Diiiilliiii ft C>. 0(, Frrgi4Miii, Millvr, &
Co., 68, FruiicU & Niiiii, 71. I. CWrr, r.<i)A. Fit-
hif, :<(), \'X\). M<-tlireii H M<>ii>, \<H\. I>«.ii«, Vi'i. ix.
Kiiiiiikillrii, Karl ui, i3i. (Jriiiiiivy, 13(1.
fViiiu'f, i'liiliaiilt lliilcivp, l.ti)'i.
Dkain Thai'H— ."-'i* Srirrr Triif)*.
Uhainino M \riiiNK. (.Model) IX. O-PKory, 17 a.
Dhainino Tooiji IX. Cotluiii it li^lli-ii, lUtlA. .Saiimlfra,
'.'O'.Hi. X. Cox, 'A\7. Deiitnii, 317. xxil. Hktlloni,
"iJO. See ultii hind Vrtit»n.
Drammi.nu .■\i'1'au.\tlm (8iik iiiacliiiiery) - vi. Ddven|)orf,
t'O.
Dkait HIT HoARIM - Ste Cliriu Honrdi.
Dhamuhiikik, I'oHTAni.K (MimIvI) VII. I.iivaiicky, S.1,
Dhawini) Ho.tuiM)— XVII, TiinilMi'.i, J. L, Ik J., -IJ,
DHAWkNU KouKM— XXX. (Fitie Art(!ciiMt) llmwii, :I4.
DnAWIN'l I.NHTHUHKNTI)— X. DublUll, -'i'iS, Klllutt & Sull),
3-.'0.
JliiHiiii, fm;>c>rial Ijuiik \Viirk«, 169.
Sirrden and iXorirai/, liittinaii, 1^. Viliern, \4,
Xollrerein (I), Nielzclimunii & Vnccaiii, 7titi,
Dhawinu MuitKi.«— XXX. (Fine Art Cuurl) Green &
Falify. 8. SlLirp, 20.
Drawinu ltK.oiTi,AT<>H — United Slaten, Ildydpii, 38f;,
Drawino, Kovino, anu Si>inninu F11AMF.N — VI, HigKlni
fi .Soii«, ! I. I'lirr & Ca>., I>. See uUn Jluviiuj Frames.
Spinning Wheels and Machines.
Drawinuh (Viiriuui)— VI. liviiiittt, 2\i. vii. Martin, 23.
X. Pelerinnii, 711. xvii, Aiiilvrsoii, 200, XXX. (Fine
Art Court) Placf, 267.
Falkland hlandu, Wliitlingtoii.
J.abnan, fr>'; ('rev, tim Conntei'i, 1,
New Smith Walm, M'Arilinr, I.), See alio Chemical
Ihawinyn. Pen and Ink Drawings. Jtice-I'aper
Driiwiiuis.
DRt^s Fahtknkrs (Steel)— XXII, AHton, 283.
DRtiHHiNii-CASfis— X. Smith Si 8(111, 31, xvi, Rrindley, 21,
Ilurdy, 131. Nowill & Sona, Ul), XXII. Fearncumhe,
IbUA, XXIII. Stovken, 81, m). xxvi. I'age, 22U.
XXIX. n«9t, 37. Kdwiirda, 8i). Mei-lii,4;>, Sirudwick,
4i. France, Aiicoe, 10J2,
Zollieiein ( I ), Sclireilier, 783.
Dresslng-cask Fittings xxii. Drookea, 171.
Dri»!<ino Mac'iiini'X— IX. 1)« Porquet, 2U2. See alio
(.'urn Cleanim/ and Pressing Machines,
Dried Fruits— .SVe Frnils (Dried and Preserved}.
Dhii.i. Gruuiierm— IX. Gray & Soni, 1 50, Wiikie &
Co,, 21.
Dhili, I'lxiiToHS (fur Grceii Crop»)— ix. France, 73. See
also Driila.
Drilling MAcniNEa (for Imn-work)— vi. Hivk & Sun,
218. Parr & Co., 0. Wliilworlli & Co., 201. Wil-
liami, i34.
Drills— IX. CrosHkill. 135. Giirrelt & .Sum, H2. Grnnn-
aell, US. lloriialiy & Son, 233. See alau Drill
Ploughs. Seed-Dihhiing, ^•c, Machinr^.
Drii'-Sto.ne— Fan Diemeiis Land, Denison, Sir W.
T., 80.
Driving Belts (for Macliinery)— xvi. Lupton, 3. xxviii.
Curlia, Brotliera, 194.
Dm VINO -Wheel (fur Hailway Engines)— v. Warren,
1001.
Drowning Persons, Apparatus for the Recovery
OF— VIII. Cleare, 311. See ixUo Drags, ^-c. Ice- Boats.
Lift: Belts and Biinijs. Life-Boat's, lUifls, ^c.
Drugoets— .^Hstfirt TarlU-r, 202.
France, Boyer, I.,acour, Brotliers, & Co., 35.
Drugs (umleacribcd)- 11. Tlie London Driiggisls, 117.
Turkeu.
Uniteil Stales. Hii.koll, Merrit & Biiel, 3J0,
Zollverein (I), 120 a. See also Chemical J
Medical Herbs and Driii/s.
Preparalxons.
Drums— X. Ward, 527. Ilamhiirqh, De Rode, 16. India, x.
Western Africa, Hulton & .Soii», (i. Townscnd, 11.
Zollverein (2), Knocke, 100. (4), lU'xr, 05.
Drv Dock (Model)— vii, Giles, 71.
Drying Oil -11. Blundell & Co., 48.
DuKLi.iNo Pirrou— .Vv« (Juns, f-e.
Dumpy l,r.VKiM—Se» t^cels, Sarrei/iirs' . jr.
DuNDKE Thiilmpiial Arcii (.Model) "v' (F'lif Arl
Court) Uiiolicad, '.M.'.
Durham, Karluf, Monument to (&toiij>^ -vii. Qri>.ii,
3.
DuHRiA-i-NooR, or Stia of Light (a Dm . ,id) - India,
XXIII,
Dyki) Cotton Vbi.veth— xviii. Aiiclrcwa St, Co., '<1,
Ciiaaona iSc Co,, .'lA, Stirling Ac Soiia, 5(1,
Dyeu Cotton Yarn anuCixjth— rt. L.iwlliinn Si Parker,
22, XVIII, Cairna, 49a, Greenwood Si I'u,, 40,
Steiner «c Co,, 37,
<lold Coaal and Aihantee, Forater k Stnilli, 1.
Dyki) Fiatiikkm xvi, Adcock & Co, 3;^3 a (Main Ave-
nue, Weat),
Dyei> Furs— xvi, Bevington Ac Morria, 332,
Dyeu Goons (Varioua)- xii. & xv. Arniiiage Sc Co,, 140.
Iloldaworth, I(>5a. Holroyd Si Co. 1()3. Kipli>y ti
Son, 148. SoliuHeld & Co., .1. Smith, 163. xvill.
Johnaoti, 20.
DyeuHair— xviii. Iliicli, 59. xxviii. Koi« & Soiii, Oi.
Dyei) I.e.vtiier— IV. Smith St .Son, 08,
Dyed Silk Si Hatin— xi. Daily & Co., 64, xviii.
Jouriliiin, 01, Leliuvre, (iO. Reynold* & Son. 03.
llnssia, lladjI-liahi-Kelhalay-Ooiaein-Ogli, 53, 1 12,
Dyed Wool and Woollen Cloth— xii, St xv. liatetnn
& Co,, 30. Patvaon St Cu„ 40, xviii, Chahot, 62.
Hitch, 50.
Dyed Worsted— iv, Ruliinauii & Co,, 72. xviii. Walahaw
St Soiia, 5M.
Dyeing and Scouring (SiiecimenioO— /Vdfice, GriflToii,
1238,
Dyeing .Stufis— i. Jenkina, 502. 11, Kurtz St Sclimeraalil,
0, Dentith & Co., 8. Lee, U9, Linilaiiy, 1(1, Tennaiili
St Co,, 7,, IV, Burcli, 77. xx. Macduugall, 83,
Harria,.S, & U„ 117.
Beliiiiim, VIoebergi, 30, Cei/lun.
l.'hiiia, Kaat India Comp.iny,
/VaHie.Biitaille, 4'J. Michel, 040, Muttet,032, Steiner,
383, India, iv,
Netherlands, Smiti, 20, New Zealand, Culliiiion, 3.
Russia, 80.
S;>((iJi, Gishert, 137. Iluelva, 130. Saragossa Agricul-
tural Board, 148. Turkey.
Z«//»erei« (I), Grnene, 43, Weia, G84, 6Ve alio f -VAj-
nml. Colour Extractor Apiiaratiis,
Dynam<xirapii8— /lusfri'd, Vienna Polytechnic Inatitute,
130,
France, Clair, 1151. Tailfer & Co., 380, 1 020.
Dyna.mostater — Netherlands, Cazaux, 89.
Dynanometehs— IX, Beiitull, 'Jl 7. ^ee alao Eiectro-Di/Ha-
nometers.
Kar Trumpf.ts— X. Rein, 629,
Early-callino Machine — x. Smith, 359, See alio Ala-
rum Bedsteads. Alarums (for Clocks, ^c).
V,McrH-ltoixKn.— Netherlands, Sondermeyer, 72, See alw
lioring Machines, (fc.
Earthenware and China — xxv. Allen, 40, Anderaon
St Bettany, Ki, liowera, 13. Branield, 43, Brown,
T. & M, L., 4.'i. Chamberlain & Co., 44. Clfment-
■011, 8. Coke & Eilge, 21, Copeland, 2. Daniel,
A. B.&R.P.2.3. Deakin, 18, Dudaon, 50, Kdwardi
& Sons, 37. Fell & Co., 28, Finch, 38. Glover Sc
Colclough, 2>. Green, 50. Hilditcli & Hopwo<Ml, 17.
Juleir, J. St J., 30, Kennedy, 4. Keyi & MountlVird,
14, Lockett, 53. Tyiwe, 30. Mason, 3. Meigh Sc
Sons, 10. Meyer, T. J. & J., 9, Miles, 32, Mintoii
&Co., 1. Pratt & Co., 22. Sharp & Co., 36, Slmrpus
&Cullum, 41, Simpfuii,33, Till & Sun, 20, xxvil.
Porter, 06.
ylnxfria, Hardmulh, 621. Minitzek, 624. Ceylon.
China, Baring, Brothers. Braine. Hewett St Co. Rceve«,
Sicliart & Co,
Denmark, Polmager, 24, E^jypt, 345, .T47.
/''m/ice, Allnaiid, 1051, Avisseau, 1543, Barre-Ruasin,
20. Hoyer, 1554. Ds Boissimon, 427. Gonaa St
Perier, 12J3. Lecoq&Rieder, 1304. Mayer & Co.,
1656. Morel, Brotliers, 1734. Nast, 659. Ponyat,
^
I
DKSdUnKI) IS THK CATAr.OOUE.
Ir
•«j.' (riiifl Art
lotloi, -VII, Qr«»..i,
Dial , ikI) - Imlia,
iiilrnwt & Co., <<1,
la, M.
'^jwlliiiiM k Parker,
iwoimI Si I'o., •ili-
Smith, I.
'i'iA\ (Mitiii Ave*
I, 33.'.
rinilai{e & Co., HO,
J». 103. Itipley fc
Jmilli, 163. XVIII.
I. RoH&S»iii,04.
! Co., 61. xviii.
iiDJiU & s<iii. n:t.
i.Ogll, »3, \ll.
XII. & XV. Iluteion
xviii. Chabut, 62.
72. XVIII. WaUliow
0— /VrtMce, Griffon,
ICtirtt Si Scliineranlil,
iiilsiiy, Ifl. Tfiinaiiti
.\, Muc(luii|;n)l, 83.
blotter, 932. Steincr,
mil, Colliiiaon, 3.
Saragoggii Aijrlcul-
84. See alio Cochi-
IS,
lytecliiiic Iiittitutp,
380, 1026.
8'J.
: also Eiectro-Di/iia-
[359. See alio Ala-
leyer, 72. See alio
lien, 40. Aiulerion
|imel(l, 43. Brown,
lo., 44. Clt'ment-
eluiiil, 2. Daniel,
ion, 56. Kdwnrilt
ich, 38. Glover 8c
;li & Hopwood, 17.
|Keyi & Moinittbrd,
ion, 3. MeiKli &
lilei, 32. Minton
; Co., 36. Sliarpus
':Son, 2U. xxvii.
24. Ceylon.
velt & Co. Keevei,
347.
3. narre-Ruisin,
|i, 427. Gomas &
Mayer & Co.,
»t, 659. Ponyar,
687. Provunclier, 970. M«Mk h Co., 9M, Rtuud,
1 163. HOvrr* Niilional MtniiRictory, 1369.
Itiimhiinjh, ll.inu, ^a. Imlia, \\\ . Miillil, l)«c««ure, ',!<'.
NilherliiHih, Diiutiiina, liH,
I'orliiiiiil, I'ii.to, ll.iKlo St (V, 11 10, nil.
Itim'iii, Si. IVli'riliin'xIl liii|i«<rl.il Cliinit Muniirurtory,
3IS. Spain, Mmw,^\. V'hmi*, I3U-H8. 7W%.
Timfiiii/, Glnori, Miiri|iii*, 72.
ynii IHemrn* IaihiI, 'I'il'li*, 234.
WiHtrrn /{f'lirii, Jiiinieii J.'. McWillium.
Xiillrrrrin (I), Allrnnnn, 219. tJcmlu ft Mcielim^ «1.1.
Krinikeiilivrir, 216. .lannnracli, H'il. .Mullacliita, 21 7,
I'uel.cli ft IliniK', 21H. Simlil, 20(1. (11), A.li.'r, 17.^.
Naxiiii Itoyul Maimlaclnry, 171. (I), Uuclitrltii ft
Kaial, (tS. .Sre iiUii I'urcvltiin W'lire, I'liUery. J'utleti/
I 'liii/. Sluiiii Ware,
KiVUTItKNWAHK CoKNirHS— XXV. lloWel, 13.
K.VUTMKNWAIII': (tLAXI.MO, CoMTOSITION fOR— XXV. Wlial-
li-y, 27.
Kahtiih — .SVo SiiilHiind Ktirllis.
Kaht Pool. (Coi'i'Kii) Mink (Scctidnul iMmlel oQ I-
ItirlmnI, 4>Ia.
Kaii-hk-Coiaxink- XXIX. Fiiiina, 21.
Xiillveieiii (I), Furinu, •I2ii, 8.')8. Ilerstatt ft Co. 427.
MiirtiiJ, 42J. Speiiileck ft Co., 421. /unoli, .'4,')H.
KAir-i)K-<'«ixMiNK (Hiiiitli) -XXIX. SiHveiiaoii, 23.
KAir-i>i>('ouHiNK t'uvKTAlx -Aiiatriii, Farinii, 748.
KAVKS-(ilITTKIlH— Ml. Uoailol), 51.
Eniiw Vai.k InoN-WoHKs (Mapa and ModeU illiiatrative
of) — I. Kl)liw Vale (Jiinipany, 412.
KiioN\ — .SVb 7'imliir. WuuiU.
Ect'KNTlilc TuMUi.Kii - V. Heccroft, BiilliT, ft Co., 046.
KCCI.I:,S|AHTICAI, FlIltNITI'IlK, DkcOKATIONH, &«!. — XXVI.
Flench, 110. llardnian ft Co., .''<32. PoiiNOidiy, 19.).
Pratt, 190. Pugin, ,V20. Wynne ft Lumaden, ll>.
XXVIII. Wipiiel, 10.
Aiiatriii, Kvickl, 2i)3. PleninherKer, 350.
Jiilijiiiiii, Dnasaerl, 107. \'an Halle, 303. Iiidiii, xxil,
Sie alao Altar Furniture, Lerterns, Pulpits.
Eci.li'HK IsDit'AToKH— x. Mnrdocli, 202."
KcoNOMic Gkoixkiy (Specimena of)— United States, Ohio
Slate Hoard ol' AKricnItnre, 21.
Kfi I.UVIA Thaim— V. Jacknon, 08J. vii. I.owe ft Co., 02.
XXII. Uuley, 89. See alao .SeMtr Traps.
Eoo-Hkati-.h— XXII. Lnrkin, 6'.i2. xxv. Lorkin, 52.
Kud-lloii.KH — VIII. Inskip, 227.
Kgu-Siiki.i, Cauviniih, ftc- xxix. Bcasent, 293. xxx.
(Fine Art Cimrt) .lacot, 210.
KiDKii Dow.v— IV. Heal ft Siina, 99.
/4'H*vt(»,Semcni>ll"&Faleyell',Bio'hera,21'. .S'ecalao Down.
KiDKll-DowN QuitTS— IV. Heal ft .Sons, iiU. Nightingale
and Co., r)7. xix. Heal ft Son, 390.
Klbeh Pith (Moilela in)— xxx. (Fine ArtCunrt) Clillord,
22i. Coasena, 25. Limeuse, 179.
Eldon AND .Stowem, GHoirp— Kldoii, Karl of, page 848.
Ki,ECTnicCl.ocKS— ^ee Clucks, Electric.
KlkctiiicCopvi.no Teleobai'ii—x. Uakewcll, 433.
K1.EC1111C Galvanic Appaiiatus (for use in Dental
Snrgery)— X. Wnite, 441.
Electric Locomotives— /Vrtnce, Bn ton, Brotheia, 1 1 1 3.
ElKCTUIC rniNTINll TELEaRAPIIS— X. Brett, J. & J. W.,
429. United Stales, Sineail, 237.
Electuic Teleurapiis ft Apparatus— X. Alexantler,
426. Allan, 201. Bain, 434. Brett, 422. Biitiah
Electric Telegraph Company, 432. Dering, 43(;.
French, 435. Henley, 428. McNair ft 0>., 421.
Mapple, 120. Ileid, 427. Walker, 430. Wishaw,
419. xxn. Tnpper ft Carr, 9J0. xxx v. Aire ft
Calder Bottle Company, 0.
Ilunovrr, LohdeHnk, 4. United States, Dodge, 9C0.
Zollverein (1), Slemena ft HaUke, 2.52a, 3,0a. (3),
Stoehrer, 15. ^
Electric Tki.eoraphs (Comic)— x. Smith, 424.
Electrical Machines ani> AppARATUs-x.Harriaon, 464.
i'Vf/rtre Ducheime, 171. See aUo Gulvano- Electric
Mac/lines. Thermo- Electric liattrry.
Electrical Machines, Gutta Perciia.— x. Westmore-
land, 444.
Electro- Dv.VANOMKTERs(formeasuringGalvanic Currents)
— Zollverein (3), Leyser 16.
ItiilM'rta
Smith ft
X, C'reaa-
ft J. A.
ELCcriio-G'ii.iiiNd iS|»Minieim mj-^MII, OMtwright ft
Mirona, 250. IMine ft Son, 34V. Htnrgfi, 341.
Winliin ft Sons, 2«I8. xxill. Ilniaillimil ft Atkina,
43. Klkington, .Maaon ft Co., 1. (Main Avenue,
Weaf), Klkinnttm, 1)2, 1) I, 94. Gough, 31. Harrison,
37. nawkeaworlh ft Co., 35. Mi.rley, 67.
ft Halt, 40. Hoirmaoii, 06. Sharp, 120.
Co, no. Wilki>i<',nft Co., 32.
France, Thnnrot, 17('2.
Xiillrrrein (1), Miihring, 279.
I''.l»M'TI(o.Ma<ine'i'ic Alahi'M — X. Niclinia, 414.
KLKCriM-MAIINKTIC F.NCIISM- V. Slinitoii, 661.
well, 417. Ilurdy, s5. Hairiaon, C. W.
420, Watkina\: Hill, 659. />«MHm/-A. lljiath, 47.
KlEITHO-MaiINKTIC MACIIINKa AND APPARATUS — X.
Dium, OS'.iA. Henley, -128. Joule, 440. SiinoiM, 6ii3.
A'"ivi Siiilia, Archilnid, 2.
Xtillrirein (i), Zwedjilickeii iMi'rliJinical .School, 32,
Klectho-Platinu ani> Giijiino Apparatus- v:. Lyona,
:^03.
Klectroi'iiori's— X. Philli|i«, 411.
IOleitho-Sterkotvph Pi.atr (for Printing)— xvii. Muir,
171.
r.LECTuoTYPEH (incluilliig Specimena of Klerlrotypinu)—
X. Hamilton, 7,13, 742. Newlinry, 4liO. I'alnier,
4.) I. XVII. Ilarietl ft ('o., 1!I6. I'iggina, V. ft ,r,,
121. XXX. (Fine Art Court) Ibiietaon, 323, Pring,
2.6. We^Uvood, 292.
Zollrerrin (I), Snssniaiin, 305. Wilikelmami, 2S2.
(.1), Biirtlner, 187.
Elephants' Tketii and Tusks — South Africa, IWichanun
&r,aw,53. Bush. 60. Deaneanil Johnion, 19. Fai/pt,
115.
India, iv. Eastern Archipehuiu, Hammond ft Co., 2.
Weslrrn Africa, Hnltiin ft Sons, 0.
Elephant 1 rappiniis India, xvi.
Elizauktii, Queen (Stfilne(d)-xxili. Murcl &Co.,II7.
I''.LLli"TO(iRAPli (Wilsiin's)— XXII. Hiid ft Co., Hj.
KijtTER, ftc, VlADUi'TS (Models) iJi)//rm'iH (3), Drei-
deii liiiyal Dire^'tion of Hailwaya, 20.
Kmronhki) Articles -fVrtHiv', Desjardina-Licux, 1388.
Netherlands, (irelie, 10.'.
R>iiioHSiN(i Irons — xxii. Lee, fi93A.
Emiiossino Presses — vi. CoUett, 155. Harris, 151,
Janet t, 1J4. Muir, 20(i. United States, V\rV,1'i.
E.MnRoiDERY AND Kmiiroiiifrkd Gik)I>S (Silk, Mlislili,
ftc.)- XI. Mair ft Ciimpaiiv, ,'i!). Xll. ft xv. Itaiiil,
2'»0. Biittomlev, 181, Brown ft Forater, 9. Hnr^eas
ft Co., 243. Clark, 109. Forhes ft Hnlrhisiiii, 201.
Salomons ft Sons, 305. Smith & Whyte, 459.
Tetley, 172. Whiteliill ft Co., 2a7. Xlll.' Hoiilds.
worth ft Co., 64. Mason, 35. xiv. Biown, 2,
DiiOeriii'a, Lord, Schoul, ll.lf.ist, 3. Kenning, 16.
Pelling, 4. lingers ft C.i., ■12. Xix, Blackhnrn, 103.
llrooka, 113. Brown ft Co., 57. Bio«ii, S. U. ft T.
58. Canitort School of Charity, 227. Dalrymple, 377.
Daniel and Ciissins, 115. Davidacm, 148. Dill, 152.
Eviins, 101. Foster ft Co., .306. Il.nris, Bioll.ers, 193.
Hatch. 202. Howell ft Co., 5. Irinli Work Society,
77. Jncksiin, 84. Jones, 138. King, 22J. Inmlert,
229. Lanchenick, 230. Mallalieii, :^14. Mee, 51.
Melton, 2J0. Moore, Mrs., 47a. Mowhmd, 22,S.
O'Domiell, 53. Oliver, 259. Palmer, K., 2(i2. Palmer,
R., 40O. Pnrcell, 88. Uogers, 111. Uoonie, 28.3.
Sisters of Meicv, 213a. Stirling, 86. .Sutherland, 309,
Tawt.Mi, 391. "Waslihoiirne, 33j. West, 374. W lieler,
238. Whitney, ,347. XX. Moore, 47. Oddy, 121.
Wheeler ft Ahlelt, 22, xxvi. Scliolcy, Misses, 142.
Ali/eria, Bariich Tideilano, ;'iO.
Ai'islria, Benkowilz, 389. Ho.ssi, 3t0. Laporta, 387.
Meiiil, Heirs of, 383. Ridn, 384.
lichjiuHi, Belloni-Ance, 319. Berenlmrts ft Co. 334.
Dartevelle and Moniionry, 329. Diijardin, 317. Jacii-
main, 459. Pafernostre, 331. Roy, 301. Swevcghem,
Emiiroidery Workshop of, 323. Vonder Kelen, 313.
Weil-Meyer ft Co. 3.36.
Canada, De Montenac, 163. Dunn, 110. Henderson,
174. Henderson, H., 145.
China, Baring, Brothers. Hcwett & Co. Lindsay,
Itawson.
Ivl
ALPHABETICAL AND CLASSIFIED LIST OP ARTICLES
J^j,/I,t, 220, 283, 2S.V287, 319, 322, 323, 331.
/>fl«ce, Audiat, 1515. Berr & Co., 64. Bietry&Soii,
3J6. Cixichniiiial & Co., 1 1 (iO. Dvlaroche-Daiftremeni,
267. D«libelil, Pellrrin & Co., i 1 73. Felix, 503. Guy-
net & Recquet, 254, Ilooixir, Canroz, & Sulourier,
162.). Hubert, 208. Quern & Co., 141 ;">. Seib, 1009.
Hamburgh, Gersoii, 32. Key, 30. Scheie, 31.
India, xv. xix.
Ionian hlanils, Mavroianni, 2. Soatoii, LorJ, .'».
Jersey and Gitcrnseif, McDonald, ■-'!•.
Lidiech, Spiegel & Co. 8. Stolle, 9.
jtf(i/((i, Azzo|>ardi,'20. Dimecli, 21. Euriquez, 9. Grecb,
17. I.Agre3tiz, 18. Nuudi, 8.
Meckhnbiirg-Schwerin, Yerber, 10.
Nrtlierlandu, Otto, 55. Persia, Araman.
Kiissia, Hadgi-Aga-Baba, 209. (losir, 194.
Sardinia, Crocco, Drollier.i, 51). Steraiii, SO. Tesa.idn, 49.
Spain, 23j, 238. Gilaid, 237. Uammoii.l & Co., 236.
Sweden and Nbncay, Almgreii, 30. Hamreii, 28,
Horn, 29. Lingien, 96.
S«»«<ier/a«</, Alder & Meyer, 109. Altlier, 110. Baen-
liger, 188. Dvpieire, Bnitlieru, 189. Elirenzeller, 191.
Eugster, Brothers, 190. Fisi-.h, Brothers, 1 9.'. Holder-
egger, 195. Koellreutter, 196. Pauly, 199. Schoch,
Sohiess & Son, 202. Staeheli-Wild, 208. Sutter, 203.
Tanner, B., 204. Tanner, J. U., 205. Tanner &
Koller, 200. Waldburger & Langenegger, 207.
Zaeliner & Scliiess, 143. Tiirliey.
United States, n»rgni», 487. Getsinger, 320. Haight,
38,'). Van Diemens Land, Burgejs, 109, 110.
Western Africa, M'William.
Zollcerein {i), Grossmann, 752. Koenig, 163. Parey,
109. Pintun, 135. .Sc.hleuss, 160. Summerrekl, 173.
.Sliefl'& Hairass, 161. Weisaflog, 720. (2), Graetzsch,
51. Mayer, 52. Praetsch.SI. (3), Boehler & Son, 56.
Foerster, 68. Hietel, 168n. Koealer & Uldmann, 70.
Xrause & Co., 58. Mammea & Co., 59. MeinlioUl &
Stoffregen, 61. Schmidt & Cii., 00. Schnorr & Stein-
baeuser, 62. Schreiber, 71. Scliulfert, 156. Stoelzel
& Son, 66. Teubner, 15«a. (4), Neuburger & Sons,
49. Van Zwerger, DetTiier & Weiss, 52. (6), Kern,
45. Dulcius, 72. See a\so Berlin W^ool Work. Crochet
Work. Knitted Work. Needle Work. Netted Work.
Embroidery (Gold ami Silver) — xii. & xv. Bottomley,
181. Forbes and Hutchison, 291. xix. Abi-aliam, 76.
Barrett & Conney, 76. Ditl, 152. Hanson, 188.
Harrison, 85. .lancnwski, 48. Landiert & Hrown,
83. Newton & Co., 258. llod!!;er» & Son, 280. xx.
Sid. .moil, 80. Walsh & Co., 109. xxill. Hancock,
1)2. xxviii. Itousaeau, 116.
Algeria, ^udas Miihn, 30,
Austria, Bauhiifer, 3S8. Belgium, Paternoster, 331 .
China, Thorns. Egi/pt, 2 1 8, 220, 22 1,313-31 7, 329, 330.
France, Vaiigcois & Trucliy, 718.
India, xv., xix. Ionian Islands, Scaton, Lord.
Persia, Araman. Tiiompson.
Biissia, l'oi)ii'"ff. 310. Shikhnnin, 275, 276.
Spain, Giiavt, 237. Tunis, 41, 42, 83, 93, 94.
Turkeij. Tuscanii, Parlaiili, 101.
Zollverein (\), Allierii, 7.')1. Kausclie, 794. Sommerreld,
173. (i), Urentano, Pellouz & Co., 36
Emdiioidehv Patterns and 1)ksi(;ns— xxx. (Fine /.rt
Court) BelTost Government Scliool of Design, 338.
ifo/ZwrevKO, Gluer, 170. Grunthal, 166. Neie, 168.
Uodlotr Brotliers, 170. Seiffert & Co., 162. Todt,
171.
Emerald, CKVSTAlf— (the property '■■" ..o Huke of Devon-
shire) J. Tennant, 1 4.
FmkraujS — See Precious Stones.
E.MKHV— II. Kllam & Co., 58.
France, Rojon, 3.)8. Greece, 20.
Emery Cloth— xxix. Barsham & Co., 213. Itogers, H.
&n., 215.
Kmerv Grinders— /■V«hcc, Dubus, 481.
Kmigbant's House (Model)— vii. Wliytock, 156.
Emigrants" KiTfnENS— xxii. Uij^by, 411.
E.VAMEW AND Enamel PAiNTiN<i- XXIII. Buss, 79. Eil-
wards, 78. xxx. (t'iiie Art Court) Bell, 219. Bone,
238. Chesters, 240. Doe, 253. Essex, 211. Ether-
ington, 234. Ilaslem, 237.
China, Shea. Sichart 8c Co.
France, Baudouin, 44, Boquet, 1098. Sivres National
Manufacture, 1369. Sturm, .384.
Su-itzerUind, Bautte, 236. Chenevard, 210. Dufaux,
249. Hess, 341. Umbard, 245.
Unitett States, Savery, 5^.
Zollverein ( I ), Juenger, 40O. (3), Walther, 1 77. /
Enamelled Glass— xxiv. Baillie, 61.
Enamelled Manqers, &c.— xxii. Hood, 1.
Enamelled Slate— xxx. (Fine Art Court) Bingley, 226.
ENAi>tbt.LED 'VVAr.r: (Various)— x. Barlio).', 90. xxir.
Clark, 657. Hampden, 612. Hood, 1. Keniick &
Sons, 360a.
Encaustic Paintings— xxvi. Foster, 33.
Austria, Baggatli-Valieichi, 616.
Tusrani/, Ridolfl, 25.
Encaustic Tiles— 1. QuillamandCreer, 151. xxv. Min-
ton & Co. 1. xxvn. Allen, 68.
Engine Counter (applicable also to Turnstiles and
Bridges) — v. Richmond, 775.
Engine Turning, on Glass— xxxv. Long, 86.
Engineering Inventions (Undescrilied)— vir, Williams,
109.
England (Models of portions of) — Main Avenue, West,
Carrington, 00,
Engraved Razor&KnifeHandlgs — xxii. Mappin8,180.
Engravers' Tools— xxii. Howartb, 181. Sellers, 147,
Tayl( •, 129.
France, Clicquot, 1563. Reynard, 978.
Engraving, Brass Foundry— xxii. Haywood &Son,647.
Engraving & Carving Machines — France, Barrere, 40.
Engraving and Chasing on Metal (Fac-similes of) —
xxx. (Fine Art Court) Skinner, 362.
Engraving by Clockwork — xxx. (Fine Art Court)
Bishop, '?78.
Engraving FOR Earthenware Patterns — xxv. Serjeant
& Pepper, 19. Sherwin, 51.
Engraving on Glass— xxiv. Danby, 88.
Belgium, Deville-Thiry, 445.
Engraving on Marhle— xxvii. Bird, 83. xxx. (Fine
Art Court) Rayner, 47.
Engraving by Machinf.ry (Specimens of) — xxx. (Fine
Art Court) Chabot, 239. Luntley & Co., 214.
Engraving on Pewter- xvii. Cocks, R. & Co., 123.
K.nobaving-Plates— XXII. Hughes &Kimber, 609. Fin-
der & Sons, 574. xxx. (Fine Art Court) Sellers, 295.
See a\so Steel Plates for Engravers.
Engravinoe)— xvu. Mancliin & Morel, 128. Royston &
Brown, 205. Austria, Arneth, 368. Dinkier, 73.).
France, Biaize, 10S9. Chardon & Son, 116. Gaspard,
1610. Hul;,t, 883. Perol, 951. Pelitcolin, 953.
Sardinia, Scolto, 91.
Zollverein (3), Jahn, 183. (6), Felsing, 73. See also
Copper-Plate Enqraving. Line Engravings. Lithogra-
phic Ijrawing, itngraving, ^c. Wood Engraving.
Engravings, Fac-Simii.i-m of (l*roces8 tor producing) —
xxx. (Fine Ait Court) Hussell, 230.
Engravin<!S and Writings (Restoration of, after being
damaneil) — II. Clill'ord, 20.
Enveix)I-m- XVII. Dndmaii, 137. Ralph, 142. Spiers &
Son, 208. Belqium, Tardif, 231.
Zollverein (1), Maennel, 828. Ruhl & Son, 597.
Envelope Casks— xxvi. Stocken, 200. India, xxix.
Knvf.lope- MAKING MACHINES- VI. Redmoiid, 12U. Water-
low & Sons, 164. XVII. De la Rue & Co., 76.
Kpithems for Medical & Surgical Purposes- iv.
Markwick, 114.
Epsom Salts— ^Vc Magnesia, Sulphate of.
Kscritoirks — XXVI. Levien, 203. See axm Writing Desks,
KssE.scjks, Culinary— XXIX. Galbraitb, 17.
FiSSENCES (Various and lurdescribed)— /Vo/ipp, C<dla8, 801.
Ilugnes ai.l Son, 881. Tunis, 83. Scealso Perfumes.
Kssential Oii^~ Portugal, Seal, 497-500.
Ktchinos — Z/eZi/iiTOi, Mugnee, 440.
Etciiino-OrounI' Copper Rollers (Method of applying)
—VI. Foster, 1'02.
KrxEsis (for Shaving without Soiij)) - xxix. Lloyd, 6.
Excavator for Railways or Canauj (Model) -vi. Raii-
somes Sc May, 146.
KxcELsioB Soxp—United States, St. Job", 510.
1
I '1
■§
i*"^
DESCRIBED IN THE CATALOGUE.
1
Vll
I. Sivres Naliuiial
rd, lilO. Dufaux,
ihher, 177.
ill, 1.
mrl) Biiigley, 226.
rliii^', 90. XXII.
9d, 1. Kenrick &
13. ^
>r, 151. XXV. Mln-
to Turnstiles and
[)iig, 8(5.
d) — VII. Williams,
[ain Avenue, West,
XXII. Mappiiis,180.
181. Sellers, 147.
78.
aywood&Son,647.
'''ranee, Barrere, 40.
, (Fac-siuiiles of) —
2.
(Fine Art Court)
HNS— XXV. Serjeant
88.
il, 83. XXX. (Fine
IIS of) — XXX. (Fine
& Co., 21-1.
, R. & Co., 123.
Cimber, 6U9. Pin-
Court) Sellers, 295.
128. Royston &
Dinkier, 73;').
on, lib. Giispnrd,
Pelitcolin, 953.
iiiipf, 73. See also
ravings. Lilhogra-
Kid Eiiyruviiiy.
I'or producing)—
ion of, after being
lpl.,112. Spiers &
.1 & Son, 597.
India, xxix.
niond, 12U. Wuler-
& Co., 70.
X PUBP08E8- IV.
Of.
Jso
Iso Writing Desks,
17.
ronw, Collas, 80).
See also Perfumes.
lOO.
ethod of applying)
IX. Lloyd, «.
[^Model) —vi. Ruii-
1,'., 510.
Exhibition OF 1851 (Carving in Commemoration of) —
Belijium, Vandermeersche, 458. Model of tbe Building,
XXIV. Cogan, 26.
ExTBACTS-ll. Trix, 125.
Eves, Artificial — x. Fuller, 692. Grossmifb, 663.
Ualfonl, 604. Wbiteliouse, 280.
Austria, Schwefel, 608.
Netherlands, Hess, 108. United States, Gray, 302.
Falkland, Lord, Statue of (Model)— Bell, page 847.
Fancy Srvtvs— Austria, Furst, 296.
Portugal, Corneiro, 937, 938, 946, 947. Martins, 939.
Pimentel, 939.
Zollverein (3), Thuemer & Toeper, 90.
Fancy Wares and Work — xiii. Penfold, 59, xvii.
Trnnheim&Co., 181.
Austria, Habeniclit, 376. Jobne & Thiele, 379. Renel
378.
Canada, Campbell, 176. Henderson, 174. Ro.'iheleau,
175. China, Copland. Rawson.
France, Basely, 411. Cliaverondier, 453. Collelta-
Lefebvre, 458. Cornillon, 95. Mercier, 1354.
Moulard, 655. India, xxix. Malta, Falson, 25.
Russia, Flerovsky, 320. Loukutin & Son, 319.
Tur/iei/.
Western Africa, Jamieson, 22. McWilliam. Towns-
end, 13.
Zollverein (1), Gebliardt, 248. Koppe, 143. Krebs,
2<i0. Mossner, 251. Schmerbauch, 204. Schreilwr,
783. Sommer, 3U0. (3), Feistel & Son, 171. Rock-
han»eii, 172. Vogel, 89. Zieglcr & Haussmann, 92.
(4), Kieser & Co., 81. Schmidt, ^3. Weeber & Co.,
86. Witticli, Kemmel, & Co., 82. (5), Gouda, 26.
Koehler, 27. Woldfartli, 28. (6), Moench & Co., 66.
Fanning Mill — United States, Grant, 82.
Fan Paintings— Spain, Mitjoiia, 287. Pas-.ual y Abad,
286.
FAN8-7iri<is/i Guiana, Holmes, 130-132.
Canada, Henderson, 174. Rocbeleau, 175. Ceijlon.
China, Braiiie. Hewett Si Co. Egifpt, 349.
France, Doucet & Petit, 149. Duvelleroy, 405. Felix,
199. India, xxix. Spain, Mitjana, 287.
Trinidad, Lord Harris, Western Africa, Jamieson, 22.
Fardeb — Egypt, 10.
Farina — iii. Miller, 127. Stenbouse, 154.
Farm Buildings (Models)— ix. Bland, 205. Elliott, 41.
Morewood & Rogers, 1 52a. Tebbutt, 196. Thornton,
211. Tyson, 215a. Wilmot,170. xxix. Mechi,45.
XXX. (Fine Art Court) Baxter, 334. Bulmon, 228a.
Chancellor, 331.
Farm Machine-House and Machinery (Model) — ix.
Barrett, Exall, & Andrews, 128.
Farming Implements— See Agricultural Implements.
Fat-Boii.ino Furnace— VI. Grilbertson, 508.
Fat-Cuttino Machine— IX. Smith & Son, 234.
Feather Bonnets— xxix. Hard^ig, 166.
Fe\tiieh Brooms — France, Henoc, 201.
Feather Fix)\vebs— See Flowers, Artificial.
Feathers, Plume-s, &c. — xvi. Adcock & Co., 323a (Main
Avenue, West), xx. Poore, 169. Toilet, 154. xxvi.
Gilbert & Co., 130. xxix. Foster & Co,, 74. Stur-
geon, S3. Sugden & Co., 02.
South Africa, Rutlierfoord, 23. Schmieterloeiv, 42.
France, L'Huillier, 1325. Lodde, 1329. India, iv. xvi.
Netherlands, Hose, 3 1 . Turkey.
United Stales, Pratt, 102.
Van Diemen's Land, Gunn, 153. See also Bed Feathers,
Ostrich Feathers.
Feather Tissues — France, Badin, 1003.
Feet, Artificial — France, Ue Beaufort, 46.
Felspar— I. 31. Fahie, 30.
Felt— vn. Croggon & Co., 110. M'Neill & Co., 142.
XXII. Pope, 566. XXIX. Ksdaile, 278. Pope, 76.
Algeri i, .Ugiers, Delegate of, 58.
Austtid,. Bayer, 351. Muck, 351.
Franvi:, Budin-Signrz, 78. Landierl & Son, 1289.
Russia, Bardoflsky, 205. Turkey.
Tuscany, Cini, Brothers, 05.
Zollverein (3), Muehle, 167.
-xix.VictoriaFelt Carpel Company, 327.
XXII. Kuper, 32.
Proutat &
1027.
Porfelli, 23.
58. Sweden, Folcker,
Felt Carpetino-
Turkey.
Fencing Implements— Tin. Cox, 208.
Fenuoru— J5/Bn<, 46.
Ferns, Glass Cases fob— x. Ward, 664 (North Transept).
Ferule for Generators — France, Hurfrel & Co., 884.
Field Drains (Motlel)— ix. Thornton, 211. See alco
Drain l\les and Pipes.
Fioube-Heads (Ships')- vin. Brooker, 181. XXX. (Fine
ArtCourt) Hall, 317.
File-cutting Machine — Russia, Mentchinsky, 151.
Files and Rasps — xxii. Brooksbank, 163. Carr &
Riley, 108. Cocker & Son, 1 1 5. Johnson, Cammill &
Co., 109a. Jowitt & Co., 187a. Kirk & Warren, 161.
Marriott & Atkinson, 160. Pinder & Sons, 574.
Sheffleld Journeymen File-makers, 138.
Algeria, Ain Morka Mines Co., 19.
Austria, Beyer, 495. Fischer, 501 A. Lechner, 496.
Nussbaumer, 497. Preitler, 408. Richel, 409. Sonn-
lietlmer, 500. Unzeitig, 601. Valer, 502. Denmark,
Naylor, 22.
France, Alcan & Loca<elli, 4. Froely, 218.
Co., 969, Taborin, 1024. Talalwt & Co.,
India, l. Spain, Ibarra, 256a.
Sweden and Norway, Haglund, 11, Oelierg & Co., 11.
Rudberg, 11. Tliunberg, II.
Zollverein (1), Bleckmann, 623. Huth, Fried, & Co.,
632. Lohmann, 630. Mannesmann, 617. Pickhardt,
619. Rehishagen, 022. Schmidt, 646.
FlUGREE-WoRK (Silver and Gilt, &c.)— xxix. Allen, 293.
XXIII. Loenstark, 62.
France, Roucou, 1089. India, xxill.
Ionian Islands, Mavroianni, 2. Woodford, Lady, 1.
Malta, Critein, 24. Falsnn, 26.
Sardinia, Bennati, 59. Lolco,
07. Turkey.
Zollverein (ij, Loewenson, 437.
Filtercocks— VIII. Beadon, 90.
Filters — ^WesternEnd, South Enclosure(Outside),Strulheni,
16. I. Stirling, 209. v. Fell, 438. Slack, 423. vi.
Beart,301. vii. Askew, 48. Forsfer, 20 (Main Avenue,
West). XXII. Dawbee & Dumbleton, 499. Green
& Co., 532. M'lrray, 793. Wenham Lake Ice Com-
pany, 000. XXV. Lipsrombe & Co., 54. xxvii. Hunt,
109. Liiucombe, 49. xxix. Fletcher, 244. Stir-
ling, 315. Warner, 9. France, Bernard, 420. Noel,
936.
Van Diemen's Zand, Denison Sir W. T., 80. See
also Charcoal Filters.
Filtering Pump— v. Cheavin, 44S.
Finger Basins — See Glass.
Fingeb Plates — xxii. Hart & Sons, 636. See also Brass
Foundry, &c.
FiB-coNES & Fib-nuts — Tuscany, Ridolfi, Marq
Fire Alarm— x. Mapple, 1-J6.
Fibe Annihilatob — v. Phillipa, 92. X. Weare, 386.
Fire-Abms — See Guns, ^c.
Fib;:,-babs, Hollow — v. Firth, T. & J., 119,
FiBE-BoxES (for Locomotive and other Furnaces) — xxil.
Frith, 96a.
FiRE-liBicKS— 1. Pease, 122. Russell, 271.
454. Belgium, Smal Werpin, 398.
Russia, Barnavulsk Im))erial Works, 4.
Iron Works, 9. Portugal, Bastos, 279.
Spain, Aulencia Co., 53. Lugo Mines, Inspector of, 18.
See also Fire-Chni Goods.
Fire-Clay— I. King & Co., 91. Monkland Iron and Steel
Company, 420. Moore, 408. Nicolls, 89. Pease,
122. Phillips, 101.
Belgium, Boucher, 399. Pastur-Bertrand & Co., 395.
Temsonnet and I)artet, 394.
Zollverein {l). Von Mulmann, 319, (2), Wagner &
Co., 99.
Fire-Clay Goods —Western End, North Enclosure (Out-
side), Ferguson, Miller & C!o., 66. Ramsay, 70.
XXVII. Cowan & Co., 112. Ferguson, Miller, & Co.
93. Grangemouth Coal Company. 99.
Ramsay, 1 10. Rullord, 89. Sprot, M.
also Firc-Iiricks.
Fire-Engines— v. Baddeley, 409, Berriedule, Lord, 4C5.
rquis, 30.
Seacomlie,
Koussinsk
Pottei
& T. 98.
115.
See
Iviii
ALPHABETICAL AND CLASSIFIED LIST OF AUTICLES
Fire Aiiiiiliilator Co., 02a. Fletclier, 144. Merty-
wedtlier, 401. Kenil, 'JO. Sliaiiil & Muaoii, 410 (South
Traiincpt). Smith & Son, 449. Wiiriier & Sons, 424.
VII. Geary, 2. ix. Crump, 160. Siebe, 2 j5a.
Canada, Perry, 181.
Venmark, Dirk>en, 40. France, Flauil, 507.
Hamburgh, ReynoUl, 6.
United Stales, Cinciuniiti Fire Company, 206. See also
Garden Emji'tes, Hose for Fire-Emjines.
FlBE-KsCAPE8 — V. Merrywealher, 401. vil. Bayliss, 131.
Daniel, 182. Dunn, 204. Kll, 94. Hooke, 80.
Jackson, 201. Jackson & Clay, 75. Henily, 184.
Hopklusoii, 104. Mudgp, I'JO. Nicliulsun, 40.
Oliver, 65. Stucky, 193. Tlieobnl.l, 147. Tipler,
92. Tuckcy, 101. VVelhy, 148. Webster, 185. vili.
Boweri, 325. nrown, 109a. Dultou, 326. Piiraer,
28. Walters, 34. x. Welister, 671a. xiv. Morrison
& Hum, 49. XXII. 308. Hampden, 612. Nixey,
640. XXVI. Dixcee, 16. xxviii. Baker, 84. Winter-
born, 168,
Beli/inm. Jouvne, 123.
United States, Baron, 353.
FiRE-KxTiNouisHF.RS - v. Macbay, 586. vii. Dain, 197.
Bergin, 1S3. Rettie. 159. xxvill. Winterlxirn, 168.
See also Fire-AiinihUators. Ili/Jranl, or Fire Cock.
FiBK-KxTiNGUisHERS (for Ships) — xxii. ItiJdle, 637.
New South Wales, Bland, 17.
Fire-Irons -6'ee Hardware.
Firemen's Helmets, Tools, &c — v. Merrywcatlier, 401.
Fireplace Crane (for Farm Kitchen) — ix. Harveys &
Tait, 16.
FiRE-PLUcs — V. Sumption, 445.
Fireproof Door— vii. Boydell, 68.
Fireproof Flooring or Koofino— vii. Fox & Barrett,
166.
Fireproof Safes — xxii. Baker, 509. Barnwell & Son,
678. Cliiibb & Sjns, 64(). Leadbeater, 506. Milner
& .Son, 64J. Tann & Sons, -)07. Whitlield, 356.
Williams, 280. Netherlands, Giesbcrs, 62.
■ United States. Herring, 1 J4.
Zollvercin (I), Somnier.neyer & Co., 802. <S'ce also
Safes (Wrought- Iron).
FiRE-PuMPS— V. Sliaud & Mason, 410.
Fire Revivers— i. Parsons, 232.
FiRE-ScRKENS— xxii, Gregoiy, 99. xxvi. Warrack, 102.
Wetherell, 236. Austria, Becker, 643.
Netherlands, Zeegers, 9().
Fisii-HooKH - xxil. Barlleet & Suns, 329. Hemming, 3.'!l.
James, 317.
Fishing Boats — viir. Simmons, 124. xxix. Falmoutli
& Peiuyn Local Co' imittee, 185.
Fishing Nets, Tackle, &c. -iv. Trent, 41. v. Day &
Milhvard, 772. viil. Pe.ivce, 3:U). xili. Slasoii. 35.
XIV, Bridport Local Committee, 73, Falmonih Com-
mittee, 57a. Tull, 69. XXII. Alcock, 3()7a. xxix.
Ainge & Aldred, 180. Alfred, 179. Allies r)7. An-
derson, 2:^4. ISaiiim, 160. Bazin, 178. Hei'iard, 177.
Davidson, G. & W„ 158, Farlow, C, 176 Farlow. J.
K,, 181. Flynn, 156. Gould, 31, 171. Haimer, 168.
Haywood, 38. Jone=, IS2. Kelly & Son, i:)9.
Lambert, 138. Lascelles, 123. Linlon, 142. Little
& Co., 174. M'Nair, 162. Moik-y, 165. Nioh(das,
154. Parkins, 152. Nortliumberlund Patent Twine,
Hope, & Net Company, 15'), Pearce, 173,311, Pulman,
163, Ralferay & 'Tliompson, 20(i, Hlchurds, 118.
Howell, 153, Ustunsou & Pelers, 172.
British Guiana, Stutchbury, 13&, 139. Ceijlon,
France, Berlrand & Co. 59.
Jerse;/ and (riiernse;/, Dorey, 37.
New' Zealand, 3i). ' M(M)re, 37.
N^ova Scotia, Central Committee, 2.
St. Kitts. St. Vincent, Bullock.
Flags, K.nsigns, &c. — viii, Kdi^ingtun, 302, Hawkes &
Co., 212. xiii. Honldsworlh & Co., 0 I. xiv. Morri-
son & Hum, 49, XIX. Flower, 104, Shudilen, 293,
XXX. (Fine Art Court) Wliaite, 3 jO.
Behiium, Melottp, 30.'. Hamhiirijh, Mcinke, 120.
ZoUccrein (3), Hiefel, 168».
Fla(;stones - See I'av'iig-slniiex.
Flannel -.\l. Mair, Son, & Co. 59. xii. & xv. Bamford,
237. Clay & Sons, 136. Hotham & Whiting, 44.
Kelsall & Barllemore, 486. Leach & Sons, 5. Lloyd
&Co., 2Jl. Middlebrook, 74. Niclndls, 261. Samp-
son, 215. Scholield & Co., 3, 125. Smith & Sons,
235. Swaisland, 283. Tweedale & Sims, 4. Wilks,
6. XVIII. Mair & Co., 63a. xx. Peart & Dosseter, 5.
Austria, Hermannstadt Clothmakers' Association, 214.
Belgium, I)e Heselle, 203. Janssens, 103.
France, Boyer & Lacour Brothers, 35. Chalelain ft
Foron, 86.
Netherlandit, \'reede & T'o,, 3.3.
I'nited States, Johnson, Sewall, & Co., 441.
Zollverein (I), Damsch & Muensers, 715. Dietrich &
Son, 807. Merfcn, 502. Scheibler, 351. (3), Glafey
& Neubarth, 105. Lehmann, 107. (4), Scliill &
Wagner, 30.
Flasks (Drinking)— xxii. Dixon & Sons, 797.
Western Africa, Jamieson, 22.
Flatti NO- boll— iV«</ierian(/s, Nerin, Bogel, & Co., 80.
Flax— II. Picciotto, 33. iv. Adams, 49. Cator, Nelson,
& Co., 46. Claussen, 105. Donlan, 43. Gillman,
44. Hives & Atkinson, 45, Mason, 54. Picciotto,
03. Uoyal Belfast Flax Improvement .Society, 106.
Sectional Committee on Vegetable Kingdom, 40.
Trent, 41. xil. & xv. Quitzow, Schlesinger, & Co.,
178, XIV, Bridport Local Committee. 73. Jameson
6 Co., 61). Sadler & Co., 18.
Austria, Hermannstadt l{o|.emakers' Association, 277.
Petrax, 289. Sclionberg Linen Yarn Spinning-mill,
95a. Ullersdorf Flax-liaiting Kstablishment, 96.
Belgium, De Boe, 98. Degraeve, 80. Desmedt & Co.,
104. Ghent Liniere Company, 230, Haese, 115.
r.aviolelte, <J6. Leclercq, 88. Uoels & Co., S3. Van
Ackere, 215. Van Bognert, 107. Van Hoev, 100.
Van Weill, 114. Verl)eek, 113. Vercruysse, 213.
Canada, Basticn, 70.
China, Lindsay. Uawson. Eijifpt, 105, 107, 108.
France, Dumortler, 177. Joubert, Honii^iire, & Co., 552.
LaiUer, 5.')9. Ilouxel, 3b2. India, iv.
Netherlands, Swaab, 50.
New Zealand, 38, 39. Caradus, 25. Collinsnn, 3.
King, 26. llobertson, 4. Smith, 19. Tyrrcl, 1. Tyrrel,
J., 28. Whytlaw & Son, 34.
Portugal, Mi, 531, 653.
Russia, N. N. lOJ, 106, 107. Alerandrovsk Imperial
Manufactory, 19. Ardamalsky, Bi )thers, 99. Arda-
malskv, J. & T. 97. Babarikin, 96. Ilirshoiann,
34, 114. Karnovitch, 31, 101. MelnikolV, 111. Milo-
kroslietchiioi, 110, VaniukolV, 113, ZakliarolT, 108.
Spain,n, 155, 159. Heras, 161. Piuan, 159. Val-
goma, !l8.
Sweden and Norway, 21. Turkeij.
United States, Dix, 139. Ferguson, 574.
Van Dicmens Land, Dixon, 19. Lipscomlio, 174.
Zollnereln (I), Brnenger, 559. Klmendorlf, 470. Freilierr
Von Luetwitz, 42. Horing, 722, Koenigs & Bnecklers,
5,J2. Mi'vissen, 557. Ollerdiss-Jti, 551. Untin, 34.
(3), Gaetzschnnini, 3. Sommer, 1, Watteyne, 2. See
also Hemp. low.
Flax Coats, Waterproof— vi. Brown, 'i6.
FLA.i Manufactures (Various) — iv. (iillman, 44. vi.
Broivii, .56.
Belgium, Ameye-Berte, 209. See also Linen Fahrics
(various). Sail- Cloth. Sheeting.
Fl.\x Skkd- Canada, Desjardins, 58.
Neic Zealand, Smith, 19.
Fi.,vx Straw — vi. Hobmson, 54.
Flax Yarns— xii. &xv. Quilzow, Schlesinger & Co., 178.
XIV. Fraser, 79. Jameson & Co., 60.
China, Kawfon. France, I andernau Linen Co., 1019.
Zollcii-ein (I), KImendorf, 470. Ileepen Spimiing
Scho<]l, 5-16, (3) Sommer, 1,
Flax Tooiji and Machinery -vi, Higgins & Sons, 14.
Lawson & Sons, 75. Nimmo & .Son, 37. Plununer,
7 J. Holiinson, 51. Taylor, K. 72. Taylor, J. 51.
TX. Mcl'borson, 258. xxil. Worrall & Co., 161.
Belgium, Linlhei-re, 4^6.
France, Malo, Dickson & Co., 320. Ilarding-Cocker,
864.
Zollverein (4), SchoeUle,l2.
DESCRIBED IN THE CATALOOUE.
Hr
!\ & VVliitiiijf, 44.
& Suns, 5, L1i)y(l
chillis, 261, Samp-
b. Smith & Sous,
Ic Suns, 4. Wilks,
Peart & Dosseter, 3.
\gM)u'iatioii, 214.
193.
33. Cliatelaiit 8c
,441.
, 71.1. Dietrich &
, 354. (3), Glaley
2. (i), Schill &
IS, 7D7.
logel, & Co., 80.
I'J. Catur, Nelson,
laii, 43, Gillmaii,
)n, 34. Picciotto,
iient Society, iOO.
>le Kingdom, 40.
ichlesinger, & Co.,
ittce. 73. Juiiiesoii
Association, 277.
am Spinning-mill,
iblishment, 96.
', Desmedt & Co.,
230. Uaesp, 113.
lis & Co., S3. Van
Van Hocy, 106.
rercruysse, 213,
03, 107, 108.
inmiire, & Co., 332.
,1V.
25. Collinson, 3.
Tyrrcl, 1. Tyrrel,
androvsk Imperial
thers, 99. Arda-
90. Ilirslnnann,
nikolV, 111. Milo-
ZakliaroO', ItjS.
uan, 139. Val-
74.
scomho, 174.
rli; 470. Freilicrr
lenigs Si Biiccklers,
rtCA. UnHn, 34.
Watteyne, 2. .See
/:^6.
illman, 44. vi.
fo Linen Fahrirs
singer & Co., 178.
iiien Co., 1019.
[leepen H|iiniiing
{gins & Sons, 14.
I, 37. IMimnner,
Taylor, .1. 51.
& Co., Itil.
Harding-Cocker,
Flaxbian (Bust oO— XXVI. Bielefeld, 157.
Flint Glass— xxiv. Pellalt & Co., 33.
United Slates, Brooklyn Flint Glass Company, 113,
TLisia—Egi/pt, 166. Portiiyal, 294.
Flints, Polished— i. Powell, 2.
Floating BuKKa— Tuscany, Santi, 20.
Floating Church (Model of) — United States, Benning-
ton, 336.
Floating Docks (Model) — vil. Brown, Sir S., 3.14.
Floats of Paddle- \Viikei.s, Instrument for Feather-
ing—v. Smith, 141.
Flocks (for Bedding)— xii. & xv. Grist, 208.
Flocking Machine (for decorating walls)— xxvi. Hol-
land, 4U7.
Flcbtina (Musical Instrument) — x. Henrys & Co., 508.
Floodgates — vil. Bermingham, 13. See also Vock
Cttissoons.
Floorcloth — xii. & xv. Thomson, 229. xiv. Dundee
Local Committee, 63. xix. Barnes, 95. Downing,
0. & J. H., 137. Franklin, 169. Hare & Co., 190.
Horvey & Knight, 196. James, 213. Nairn, 253.
Rolls & Son, 281. Smilli & Uaher, 371. Wells, 341.
Prance, Seib, 1009. India, xix. See aUo Oilcloth.
Flooring Boards and Deck Planking Clearing-off
Tool — vi. Thomson, 430.
Floors (Designs for Ornamental)— xxx. (Fine Art
Court) Smith, 31a. See also Inlaid Flooring. Par-
queterie Flouring.
Floss Yarns (various kinds) — xii. & xv, .Tohnsoii, 112.
Flour— III. Buck & Son, 162. Clittly, 159. Filch, 160.
Hamilton, 6a. Kidd & Podgcr, 150. Marriage, 132.
Smith, 161, 163.
Algeria, Chapel, 16. Laya & Co. 32.
Austria, Fiume Privileged Steam Flour-mill, 63, Haw-
ranck, 65. Jordan & Barber, 68. Nowotny, 06.
Smichow Steam Flour-mill, 64. Thun, Count, C7.
Vienna Steam Flour-mill Company, 02.
Canada, Caniti; F. & T., 33. Frenholm, 52. Linglian,
49. Simpson & Co., 48. Tailey, V. P., 50.
South Africa, Prince & Co., 34. Sutherland, 30a.
Trutor, 8. Ceylon.
France, Cabanes & Uamhie, 1120. Darblay, 1576.
Feyeux, 209. Leblanc, 297. Lebleis, 570.
India, iii. Labuan, ^c, Hammond & Co., 2.
Netherlands, Voorst Uiike & Son, 14.
New South Wales, Dunbar, 6. Hallett 8s Sons, 5.
New Zealand, 31, Low & Motion, 24.
Portugal, 330.
Russia, Golovanoff, 64, Manin, 65. Rousanoflj 60.
Sapojnikotr, 67.
Spain, 80. Fernandez Vitores, 90. Turkey,
United States, Atlantic Dock Mills, New York, 126.
Catlin, 250. Finch, 300. Harmon, 158. Hecker &
Brother, 114. Hill & Son, 157. Hillyer, 343. Hotch-
kiss&Prcscott, 154. Leach, 155. Leech, 159. Merri-
weatlier, 164. Raymond & Schuyler, 128. Smith, 22.
Stallord, 29.
Van Diemen's Land, Clayton, 50. M'Naughfen, 52.
Walker, 51.
Zollverein (I), Wittekop & Co., 695. (6), Meyer and
Lindf, lU. See also Oat Flour. Oatmeal and I17(en«-
meal.
Flouu-drf.ssino Machines— VI. Ashby, 470. Bedford,
426. Blackmore, 428. Coondje & Co., 444. Cor-
coran & Co., 416. Hunt, 422. Shore, 433. Spiller,
436. > 1 .
Flour Extractor— WnVefi States, Learned & Reynolds,
38.
Flour-mills and Machinery. See Corn and Grain
Grinding and Crushinq Mills.
Flower-Baskets xxvi. iSrittan, 2.'0.
Flower-makers' Tlows— France, Hcdelix, 976.
Flower-Pots. See Garden Pots and Stands.
Flower-Stands— xxii, Huglies, 401, Massey & Co., 410,
xxvi. Nutchey, 258. Puxlcy, 39. Reynolds, 202.
xxviii, Grugi'on, 97, Scaling, 9, xxx. (Fine Art
Court) Massey & Co., I4(IA.
Austria, A(1i, 040. Franzony, 647. Mclier, 648. See
also Garden Pots and Stands.
Flower Supporters— ix. Roberls, 220.
Flowers, Artificial— xix. Bradbee, 72. Vischi, 47.
XXIX. Arthur, 38. Blackmore, 125. Fisher, SO.
Foster & Co., 74. Gatti, A. & G. 73. Hool, 87.
Jackson, 39. Maguire, 71. Perry, 00. Randolph,
60. Riddiford, 69. Slaugimn, 64. Sugden & Co.,
62. xxx. (Fine Art Couit) Foots, 20Sa.
Austria, Buer(»er, 700. Schlater, 701.
frn^iZ, Adumson, 1. Major, 4.
France, Breteau, 1112. Cha);ot, 1139. Constantin,
94. Florimond, 1224. FunstenhofI', 492a. Gaudet
I)u Fresne, 842. Graniljean, 243. Lacombe, 337.
Mallet & Uaillv, 1740. Perrot, Petit & Co., 952.
Rover, 1462. tilman, 698.
Hamburgh, Olshardsen, 90. India, xvi,
Jamaica, Nash. Malta, Gcrada & Daughters, 32.
Madeira, Read, 1.
Z'o)7Hya/, Marques, 1299 Ruball, 1152, 1153. Rus-
sell, 1298.
Sweden and Norway, Furstenhoff, 27.
Zollverein (4), Lindauer, 101. Viehhaenser. 103.
Flowers, Dried— xxix. Walker, 319.
Flowers, Gelatine— i-rn/ice, Pitoux, 960.
Flowers, Ornamental- xxx. (Fine Art Court) Hosse,
259.
Flowers Cur in Vegetables- iv. Putsey, 4. xxix.
Pursey, 67.
Flowers, Wax (including Wax Fruit and Vegt-tables)
— xxix. Chisholme, 78. Dorvell, 77. Down, 50.
Ewart, 75. Fielder, 86. Galtoo, 93. Ilarrison,
304. lloskinijN, 72, Jones, 82, Mmtorn & Co., 70,
Skill, 84, Stanton, 88, Strickland, 03. Temple, 61.
xxx. (Fine Art Court) Lumsden, 123. Makepeace,
185. Peuke, 144.
Bahamas, Barnut. Barbadoes, F;i ell, 2. Reade, 1.
France, Paroissien, 945.
Jersey and Guernsey, Stallord, 49. Mi-xico.
Zollverein (1), Schmidt, 831, (4), Kiess, 00, (fi),
Uirnfill, 71, (8), Ueesten, 12, See also Wax for
Miiaeiiiny Flowers.
Fluid Camphor and .Magnesia— ii, Murray, Sir J, 87,
Fluor Spar (Articles in)— xxvii. Bright, 80. Hall,
J.&T., 37, 38. Vallance, 40.
FLUTF.S— x. Card, 546. Potter, 538. Rudall, Rose &
Co., 530. Siccama, 535. Ward, 527.
Denmark, Selboe, 31.
France, Breton, 1555. Bullet, 442. Clare Godefroy,
454. Tulon, 398. India, x,
Switzerlan' Felchlin, 80. United States. Pfaff, .^26.
Zollverein ( .' /, Lampferhoff, 485. (2) 1:3;. !im, 23. (3),
Ghor. •.' i . (fi), Seidel, 20.
Flv PBESSEfi ^Ti. Cutting Steel) — vi. Muasel, 502.
Fi.Y '.'i.i:sSES \-f-- tJmbosjiiig). See Embossing Presses.
Fog -jh Alabi Signals -viii. Roliertsuo, Is. Scouller,
113. Ui .ted Uatts. Wilder, 388.
FoLio F;ij .uij— xxx. (Fine .\rt Couri) Vokins, J. & W.
46.
Folding Doors 3olt to •— xxil Knii;ht, 587.
FoL».' ii. Sir Willia.m, J^tatue of— Main Avenue
V'j>,<, Uehiios, 57,
Fonts— Peyman, page 850. xxvii. Bovey, 4. M.irgotts
8c Kyles, 91. xxx. (Fino Art Court) C.istle, 314.
Fonts (Designs for)— x.vx. (Fine Ait Court) Driver, 209.
Mating, 154.
FooTHAi Ls— XXIX. Gilbert, 187.
Foot Gauges— x. Hay, 370.
Force Pii.mps— See Pumps, Lift and Force.
VonoKS— Ceylon.
Forges, Portahle— v. Napier, 301. ix. Deane, Dray &
Co., 180. XXII. Allday, 253. Linley & Sons, 41.
Oiiioo", 249.
Forces, Portaule (Steam)— vi. Campbell, 2i6.
FoRGi.NG Maciii.ne VI. Rydtr, '.!22.
Fortification (.Models ai.d .Vlans)— viii. Fergusson,
270. Staines, 208.
Fossils (including Fossil Wood) —Western End, South
Enclosure, (Ontsiile), Criittwell & Co., 52. i. 1,52.
Bewick, 423. Paine, 30. Powell, 202. Randall, 273.
Tennant, 14. Webb, 12.
Antigua, Grey, The Countess, 1. India, I.
Nova Scotia, Central Committee, 2.
Ix
ALPHABETICAL AND CLASSIFIED LIST OP ARTICLES
Tuscaiiu,S»nli,20.
Van Diemen's Land, McLachlan.
Fountains— Kasfern End (Outside), Legler, 103. Heeley,
page 852. Thomas, page Ho3. v. Koe, -162 (North
Transept), vil. Forster, 26. James, 19 (Main Ave-
nue, Went). Trotman, 153. x. Lipscoralie & Co., 703,
XXII. CoHlbrook DiileCo., 641, (and North Transept,
48) Farrar,627. Handyside, 82. Stewart, 46. xxiv.
Binns, o4. Osier, F. & C, 20 (Transept), xxv.
Lipscumbe & Co. 54. xxvii. Lipscombe & Co., 49.
Austria, Farina, 748.
France, Audio, 10J3 (Main Avenue, East). Lechesne,
Brothers, 574.
Switzerland, Leemann, 258.
ZoUverein (1), March, 240 (Main Avenue, East).
Fountains, Portable— v. Li|mcombe, 679. xxv 61.
Fowling-pieces — See Giins, Pistols, ffc.
Fractures, Apparatus for— x. Blackwell, 734. Gowiiig,
736. Salt & Son, 628. Thomson, 5tl0.
Fraud Preventor (fur indicating the number of People
entering Vehicles, &c.) — v. Ollifie, 771.
Frederic William III. of Prussia (Cast of part of
the Pedestal of the Monument of) — ZoUverein (1),
Drake, 273 (Main Avenue, East).
Free-Laboi'R Produce, ami tbe Produce of Cuba, Brazil,
&c. (Undescril)ed)— III. Wlieeler, 27a.
Freestone — Western End, South Enclosure (Outside),
Dovp, 23. 1. 173. Gumming, 195. Haigh, 173.
Price, 184. Williams, 191.
^ova Scotia, Central Committee, 2. See also Bath
Freestone.
French Horns — x. Callcott, 547.
Fresco Painting— xxx. (Fine Art Court) Mills, 329.
West, 3J6.
Fresnel's Dioptric Apparatus — vii. Commissioners
of Northern Lijrbthouses, 99. xxiv. Chance & Co., 60.
Fresnel's Undulating Plain (Model of) — ZoUverein
(1), Engel.274.
Fretwork— xxvil?:. Taylor, C. & A., 113.
Fretwork Cuttings— xxviii. Fauldiii);, 91.
Friezes (Irish and other)— xii. & xv. Allen, 259.
Daly, 264. Dillon, 258. Ellis & Co., 70. Macdoim,
260. Murphy, 262. Neill & .Sons, 263. Niculls,
261 . Willaus, Brothers, & Co., 257.
Frill Machine -ZoUverein (I), Doerfl'el, 54.
Fringe, Machine fob Twisting— xh. & xv. Sampson,
215.
Fringes, Braid, &c.— xi. Waters & Co., 43. xiii.
Allen & Holmes, 5U. xix. Arthur, 69. Burch, 75.
Evans & C >., 74. Foot & Sous, 68. Yokes, 329.
XXIX. Standring & Brothur, 239. Westhead & Co.,
275.
Denmark, llolzapfel, 4 1 . Egi/pt, 2 1 1 , 21 4, 22 1 , 223.
Tiirkei/.
ZoUverein (3), Bach & Son, 158. Haeriel, Brothers,
153. Helwec, lo9.
Fruits (Dried and Preserve(i)— ii. The London DiuggixtH,
117. III. Batty & Feast, 116. Clemens, 56.
Copland, Bfirnes, & Co., 11. Faulkner, 1{. & C, 54.
Fortniim, Masou & Co. 05. Webb, 72.
Jlarltadoes.
Jlritish (iiiiana, Duggin, 26. Purtron, 15, I5ii.
Soitlh Africa, Bayley, 5. Clarence, 04. \'olsteedt, 30.
China, Hewett & Co.
France, Aubert & Noel, 40.'1. Maillt k Sigond, 1339.
Outlard & Boucberot, 1371. lioosseau, 360.
Greece, Inglesti", 7. Loudos, 6. Purotis, 8.
Ionian Islandn, Muvroianni, 2.
Portugal, 401, 439.
Hiisiia, Nikifin, 68. Sardinia, Romanengo, 82.
Spain, 81, 82, 92. Alvargonzales, 177. Albear, 100.
Arambarri, 101, 103.' Cordova Agricultural Board, 99.
Eiiriquez, 106. Malaga Agricultural Board, 94, Mout-
fort, 8S. Olmn, 107.
Tunis, 76, 84. Turheu.
United States, I>ouderl)ack, 7. Stephen-, 30i.
Tan JMemen's Land, Dixon, JO. Smitli, 23R--.'ll.
Zolkirein (1), Haberland, 689. (4), B;unniiig, 8.
Ficker, 10. .Schmidt, 9. See also Dates.
FhUiT Si-oNES, Carved (with a Penknile) - ZoUverein
(Octagon Room), Coburg-Outha, Count Einegt of,
830.
Fruit, Wax— See Flowers, Wax.
Fuel, Artificial (or Patent) — i. Azulay, 224. Bankart
& Sous, 429. Bideford Anthracite Mining Company,
242. Evans, 227. Great Peat-working Company
of Ireland, 231. Lyon & Co., 226. Parions, 232.
Patent Fuel Company, 230. France, Moreau, 326.
See also Steam Fuel.
Fuller's Earth — i. Cawley, 47. Gawkrogei &
Hynam, 48. South Africa, Calf, 55.
Spain, Malaga Mines, Inspector of, 19. Turkey.
ZoUverein (8), Nassau Government Engineers of
Mines, I.
Fulling-mill (Model)— £/«i(erf States, Read, 212.
Fumigating Apparatus (for Plants)— vn. Buuianger
198. IX. Brown, 91. xxii. English, 572.
Fumigating Pastiles-xxix. Tidmarsh, 111.
Fumigators (for Vapoor Baths) — vii. Boulanger, 198.
Funeral Carriage- v. Shillibeer, 964.
Funeral Pall (Design for^ — xix. M'Carten, 246.
Funnel (fo,- Marine Boilers)— v. Taplin, 5.
Funnel Pipe (Valved)—2fetyi«n), Lund, 476.
Funnels (Buttle) — xxii. Marsden, 531.
Furnace Bars- v. Firth, 119. ix. Weeks & Co., 248a.
Austria, Wurm, 137.
Furnace Bellows. See Bellows, Blast Fans for Fur-
naces.
Furnaces, Blast. See Blast Furnaces.
Furnaces FOR BURNi.NG Anthracite Coal — i. Watney,
276. V. Williams, 63.
Furnaces for .ioiling Fat — vi. Gilbertson, 508.
Furnaces, Smoke-consuming — v. Clav, 68. xxii. Map-
plebeck & Lowe, 370. Pope, 566.'
Furnaces (for Steam Engines) — v. Newcombe, 205.
Furniture (Various)— xvii. Isaac, 165. xxvi. 60. Bant-
ing, W. & T., 166. Grace, 530. Eyies, 50. Foot-
horape & Co., 132. Greig & Son, 159. Grubh,
25. Herbert, 67. Hindloy & Co., 266. Holland &
Sons, 161. Isaacs & Campbell, 241. Jackson &
Graham, 261. Johnson & Jeanes, 10. Miles, 11,5,
Morant, 164. Pratt, 106. Uauiuz, 152. Suell &
Co. 170. Si)urrier, 76. Toms & Luscombe, 178.
Trollope & Sons, 162. Wilkinson, W. & C, 184.
Wills & Bartlelt, 160. xxviii. Thome & Co., 86
xxix. Austin, 217. xxx. (Fine Art Court) Guokes
&Suns, 110.
Austria, Lechner, 634. Leistler & Son, 633. Men-
tasti,635. Muschini,636. Palhueber, 637. Rosani,
F. G., r>3X Kosani, P., 640. Tbonet, 641.
Belffinm, Barthelemi, 429, Bruno, 411. Delevoye,
421. DeKaedt,418. Hoo-jbstoel, 422. Jehio,410.
Judo, 420. Marin, 414. Massartio, 415. Misson,
A., 413. Misson, K.&L., 41 -^ Roule,419.
Canada, Central Commission, 301. Hilton, J. & W.,
123. Heed & Co., 115a.
China, Astell & Go. Baring, Brothers. Bowman.
Uraine. Hewett & Go. Rowson, C. Rowson, T. S.
Shea. Denmark, Hasen, 20. Nielsen, 26.
J'jYjHCf, Balny, 1066 Beaofils, 1074. Bellange, 1077.
Berliner, 02. Cardonnier & Co., 1159. Crcmer,
1573. Daiibet & Dnmaret, 1579. Descartes, 815.
Dulud, 1202. Dnrand, 1207. Duval, 474. Paure,
1219. Florange, 122:1. Fourdinois, 1231. Grade,
125-1. Jeanselme, 889, 1276. Jolly-Leclerc, 890.
Krieger & Co., 1283. Lechesne, Brothers, 574.
I.«t'ebvre, Son & Co. 907. Lombard, 913. Mercier,
927. Prctot, 1410. Hinguet-I.eprince, 1437. Ri-
vart & Andrieux, 1439. Van Valtlioven, 1016.
Hamhurijh, Adikes, 67. Brneuing, 63. Engels, 65.
FauUvasser, 71. Ha^cn, 64. Heymaun, 78. Koll,
82. Kopke, 77. Loose, C. L., 74. Loose, J. R., 75.
Rampendahl, 70. SengU, 66. Thiele, 109. Werner
& Pinlhein, 79. India, xxvi.
Jersei/ and Guernsej/, Stead, 21. Le Feuvre, 20
Madeira, Read, 1.
New Zealand, I^ucas & Co., -10.
7'o/«Mf/«Z, Fntcher, 1116-1119. Gapello, 64. Griva,65.
Descab.i. 72. Speich, 71.
Spain, Medina, 270. Tuscani/, Bnrbetti, 74, 80.
DESCRIBED IN THE CATALOQUE.
Ixi
GuuDt Eint-st uf,
iilay, 224. Bankart
a Mining Company,
working Company
22G. Paraons, 232.
■ance, Moreau, 326.
Oawkrogcr &
55.
19. Turkey.
lent Kngineeri of
s, Read, 212.
i) — VII. Uouianger
;ligh, 5"2.
irah, 111.
I. Uuulanger, 108.
64.
'Garten, 246.
lin, 5.
ind, 476.
\.
SVncks & Co., 248a.
3last Fans for Fur-
^es.
; Coal — i. Watney,
lilberUon, SOS.
lav, C8. XXII. Map-
6."
fewcombe, 205.
63. XXVI. 60. Bant-
Kyles, 50. Fuof-
Son, 159. Grul>h,
0., 2r>6. Hulland &
, 241. Jackson &
es, 10. MilHfi, 115.
muz, 152. Snell &
& Luscombe, 178.
on, W. & C, 184.
Thome & Co., 86
An Court) Cuukes
Si Son, 633. Men-
ber, 637. Rosani,
lionet, 641.
411. Delevoye,
-122. JehiD,410.
tlo, 415. Misson,
Roule,419.
Hilton, J. & W.,
A
'A
9.
rothera. Bowman.
C. Rowion, T. S.
sen, 26.
Bellange, 1077.
1159. Cromer,
Descartes, 815.
)uval, 474. Fuure,
lois, 1231. Griulf,
JoUy-LfcliTC, 890.
lie, DrotherR, 574.
rd, 913. Mercier,
rince, 1437. Ri-
thoven, 1516.
63. Engels, 65.
ymaun, 78. Koll,
Loose, J. R., 75.
hiele.lOO. VVeruer
Feuvre, 20
'Uo, C4. Griva, 05.
lelti, 74, 80.
f4
Sweden, Bohman, 57. Dumratli, 60. Edberg, 61.
Malmqvist, 59. Sjoblam, 63. Stenitrom, 68.
Van Diemeii's Land, Brown, 14. Pieraon, 9.
Zullvereiii (1), Fleischmann, 763. Hoifmeister & Co.,
773. Kramer, 610. Knettner, 236. (4), Wirth, 70.
See also Beds. Bedsteads. Bedsteads, Metallic. Cabi-
nets, &-C, Chairs, Chairs, Carved. Chiffoniires.
Cradles, Cots,frc. Curtains. Escritoires, iron Fur-
niture. Sofas. Tables.
i^'iBNiTOKE ( Designs for)— France, Zipelius & Fuchs,1738.
Furniture 0RNAME.NT8—Fr«Hce, TAjmaire, 1315.
Furniture Stuffs— xi. Crocker, J. & A., 61. xii. & xv.
lieynoldk, 266. xiil. Houldsworth & Co., 64. xviii.
Nelson & Co., 29. xxvi. Grace, 530. Turner & Co.,
320. Turkey. Swedin, Meyerson, 90.
Zollverein (1), Danneberg it, 8un,710. See also 'JXssues
for Furniture. Window Cut tains.
Furs and Skins (Main Avenue, West)— Nicholay & Hon,
Hudson's Bay Company, and others (xvi. 301).
xvi. BuvinKton & Mums, 332. Booth, 112. Clap-
hum, 9. Clarke & Sons, 307. Dick, 311. Drake,
30f), Ellis, .305. Hudson's Bay Company. 301.
Ince, 309. Lutge & Co., 328. Luige & Parsons,
310. Meyer, S. & M., 304. Nicholay & Son, 301a.
iiohinswn, 7. Samson, 303. Smith & .Sons, 310a.
Winsor&Son, 14.
Austria, (ieyer, 346. Hermannstadt Associated Furriers,
347. Belgium, Weinknecht, 259.
Canada, Henderson, 107.
SbhM 4/Wca, Blackburn, 18. Bridges, 21. Cluppini
& Co., 22. Hanbury, E., 20. Hanbury, E. J., 28.
India, iv. x\ i.
Nova Scotia, Central Committee, 2.
Bussia, Abass-Biik, 244. Abduol Ma!iomet-Ogli, 243.
Ali-Mehmet, 246. Ekatorinoslaff, Peasants of, 230.
Mahumet-Ogli, 245. Nijni Novgorod, Merchants, &c.
223. Spain, Delgarcb, ?31.
Sweden, Forsell, 109. Gulda, 108.
Stvitzerland, Meyer & Ammauu, 176. 7"h««s, 92.
Turkei/. United States, Mawson, Brothers, 87. Tricker,
577.
Van Diemen's Land, Barnard, 143. Denison, Sir W.
T., 176. Rout, 187.
Zollverein (1), Koenig, 139. Laugner, 833. Pintus,
135. Schulze, 884. (b^, Dunmich, 79.
Fustic —Trinidad, Lord Harr.'s.
Fuzes for Blasting, &c — t. Bickl'ord, Smith, & Oavev,
414. Bruutoo, 519. xxix. Bell, 101.
Zollverein (3), Schmidt & Co., 11.
Gaiters (Cloth and Leather)— xx. Smith & Gibbs, 71.
Wheeler & Ablett, 22.
Galena— See Lead, Sulphuret of.
Gallic Acid— ii. Madarlau & Co., 107 Morson &
Sun, 106. Srrith, T. & H. 94.
Sardinia, Gin>.i & Co., 8.
Zollverein {,), Schojnebeck Royal Chemical Manufac-
tory, 683.
Galloons, &c.— xiii. Booth and Pyke, 63.
Jlussia, Albertzuom, 284.
Galvanic Batteries and Machines— x. Meinig, 437
Gore, 690. Home & Co., 220. Ritterbandt, 730.
France, Lemolt, 303. See also Walking .S'ttc/u, Electro-
Galvanic.
Galvanized Irov— xxii. Tupper & Carr, 550.
France Paris, 1379. See uha Wim Netting, Galvanized.
Galvanized Iron, Corrugated— i. 216.
Galvanized Tinned Iron— i. Morewood & Hogers,436.
IX. Morewood & Rogern, 152a. xxii. Jlorewood »
Rogers, 610.
Galvano-Arsenical Apparatus— X. Morton, 078.
Galvano-Electric Machines— X. Chadburn, 259.
Galvanography (Specimens oC)- Zollverein (2), Ilanf-
staeMgl, 8j.
GALVANO.METER— X. Gogerty, 407. Home & Co., 220.
LiHit, 696.
Galvano-plastic Articles — France, Ufevre, 1648.
Zollverein (;X). Uuelluier, 187a.
Galvano-tvpic Plates -Sivit-.vrhmd, Stoetzner & Co.,
Gamboge- /nrfj'a, ii.
Gambroons — Austria, Witscbell & Reioisch, 293.
Game Kegisters— viii. Needham, W. & J. 218.
Gardens, &c. (Models and Plans of) — xxx. (Fine Art
Court) M'Hardy, 325.
Belgium, Russeel, 449. VanhuUe, 453.
Garden Kngines, &c.— v. Merryweather, 401. Sha.id &
Mason, 410. Warner & Sous, 424. ix. Crump, 160.
Jones, 123b. Read, 89. Siebe, 255a. Weir, 123.
xxil. Tylor &SoM, 401.
Garden Khiveb^ Austria, Bubenitsch, 507. Dernberger,
509.
Garden Labei.s (Enamelled and Metallic)— ix. Smith,
219. Restell, 208.
Garden Light ob Skylight — vii. Nixon, 174. ix.
Nixon, 161.
Garden Pots and Stands (Clay and Earthenware) —
Western e>id. North Euclosurf, (Outside), Phillips, 63.
IX. Roberts, 226. xxv. Kay, 31. Wedgwood &
Sons, 6. Wood, 34. xxvi. Martin, 2ft\. See also
Garden Seats {Eirthenware).
Garden Rocking-horse — xxia. Lucas, 127.
Garden Seats (Eartheiiware, Oak, &c.) — ix. Hoimes,
90a. XAii. Coaibrook Dale (.'om|)U'jy, 64! (Main
Avenue, West), xxv. Meyer, T.J. & J., 9. Dimmock,
12. xxvi. Alexander, 99. xxvii. Ulackburn, 21.
See also Chairs, Rustic.
Garden Tools — See Horticultural Implements.
Gas Apparatus — vii. Allen, 122. Booth, 134. Thomp-
son, 112. Youni;, 171. xxil. Leslie, 101. Love, 382.
France, Pauwels, 342.
Gas Cooking and Warming Apparatus— vii. Lamb,
206. XXII. Edwards, 241. Grant, 431. Hedlev,
577. Hulett, 613. Love, 382. Tozer, 389. Warri-
ner, 248.
Gas Fittings (including Burners, &c.)— vii. Allen, 122.
XXII. Uiddell, 438. Cowley & James, 62. Debaufer,
445. Grant, 431. Haldune & Rae, 432. Messen-
gers & Sons, 340. Snrson, 470. Whitehouse & Co.,
667. Wilkes, 366. xxiv. Vizetelly & Branston, 29.
Austria, Salm, Prince, ^30.
France, Dumas, 486. Pauwels, 1382. Parisot, 1673.
Gas-Meters- I. Glover, 438. v. Squire & Co., 706.
vii. West & Gregson, 21. xxii. Holt & Allen, 422.
Botten, 426. Cochraue, 434. Edge, 441. Hulett,
643. Paddon & For.l, 424. Roiier, 437. Ryan,
436. Shears & Sons, 438. France, Pauwels, 1382.
Gas, Portable— Spain, Golferichs, 247.
Gas Retorts (Iron Clay)— xxvii. Cowan & Co., 112.
Hickman, 107. Potter, 115. Ramsey, 110.
Gas-Soot Consumer — v. Jud;;e, 130.
Gaseous and Aerial Currents Regulator — xxii.
Edwards, 241.
Gaseous Waters Apparatus — See Soda-Water Ma-
chines.
Gassing-machine— (For singeing loose fibre from lace,
&c.)— VI. Burton & Eames, 96.
Gates for Parks, Uailwav Crossings, &c.— vii. Ad-
cock, 192. IX. Hill & Co., 140. Uphill, 277. XXII.
Coaibrook Dale Company, 641 (North Transept), 49.
Collinu'e & Co., 573. C'ottam & Hallen, 698 (South
Transept). King, 5. United States, V^w\man, 198,
Gauffering-machines — XXII. Hu^heH, 581.
Gaufre Iron Uoor— Sardinia, Ropulo, 54.
Gauges— VIII, Somalvico &Co., 681a.
France, Vasse De St. Ouen, 716. See also Cattle-
weighing Gauges. Centripetal Punch and Gauge.
Foot Gauges. Pressure Gauges. Bain Gauges.
Square-cutting Gauge. Steam-Boiler Water Gauge.
Steam and Vacuum Gauges. Tide Gauges. Timber
Gauges.
Gauntlets (Military) —xvi. Geary, 235.
Gauzes— XIII. Brocklehurst & Sons, 38. Penfold, 59,
China, Hewett & Co.
France, Grolleau & Deville, 1618. Vatin & Co., 1704.
Russia, Roehefort, 176, 191, 199, 208.
Switzerland, Forster, 193. Turkey, Sic also Lace,
Muslins. Ribbon.i.
Gelatine-iii. Glass, 141. iv. Dufaville, l.'S. Mul-
ler, 125a. Nimmo& Co., U'2. Swinbunn;&Co.,119i
i
Ixii
ALPHABETICAL AND CLASSIFIED LIST OP ARTICLES
rm I
i
irani'e, Oiignet & Son, 1153. Buiiassv, Li'bel & Co.,
774, 110:^. Castelle, 107. D'Eiifert, Dnithera, 490.
OrvDvt, 2-17. Herve, Hn.hvrii, 16:^4. Hiimbeit &
C»., 1^7-2. L«clvic<|, 1302. Rieaa, 355. Uuyvr,
1461. Netherlands, Oemen, 8.
rortmjal, NorI.eitn, C'25, 026.
Su'itzerlaiid, Leiiilenmaiin, 56.
vrviATiNE Soup— XXIX. Wright, 250.
Gem Fainting on Glass— xxvi. Lime, 128.
Gkoo" iPHV, Indicator FOR Teaching— X. MuHoch, 208,
Geological Specisiens— i. Higlili-y, 98.
Cnnada, I.oj:^ii, 1. France, ElolVe, 1097.
Jersey and Guernsey, White, 1.
iVeM' Zealand, Ci>lliii8on, 3. Smith, M. Taylor, 11.
Jiussia, Koussiiiiik lion VVorkB, 9. IVrm Imperial Cip-
per Workfi, 6. Poland Imperial Mining Wurks, \!t.
Satkinsk Iron Works, 17.
South Australia, Joseiili, 7. See also Minerals, ^c.
Spain, Kei lie, 300.
Geometrical Instruments— x. Matthias, 3<J5. Yates,
3"?.
Austria, Rorchetti, 136, See also Mathematical Inslru-
11 ents.
Gjxmetrical Models— Zo/Zuemn (6), Scliroeiler, 77.
Geometrical Staircases — vii. Banks, 05. xxx. (Fine
Art Court) Sea gar, 13.
George '. of Bouemia, Statue of — Zollverein (2),
M • l"r, 'JO.
George 'lows and Demebara, Diagrams showing the
Tf ■erature at — British Vuiana, 107, 157a.
Gerha^^ ^lver Ware- j4Ms/rirt, Poiger, 461.
MicUikh :r,j-Schwerin, Meyne, 5.
ZoUvn:i' rl), Nottebohm & Cc, 635. (8), IsabcUeii
Hntte S'lieltiiig Works, 3.
Gili'iNG (! 'iislrations of) — xxvi. Baxter, 380. Viiin,
-TS. xxx. (Fine Art Court) Vinn, 205. Watiion,i30.
A'.slrir Jlehr, 645. Polt, 600, /•VaHC , Mazarin, 026.
^oth,'.'' ' ). Uniige, 2J2. (1), Heller, 77. Mausis,
3"! :i.^::-^r, 227.
GiLDi\'(i, -V ,.iHABLE — XXVI. Furse, 369.
GiNCEP, 'iEAD Nuts — xxix. Hubbi'rd, 113.
GiNGBAMb -XI. Andersor, !). 8: J., 16. Anderson, J. &
A., 7. I'ixon & Soiin, 19. Fyfe & Son, 18. Henry
& Sons, 111. Letliem & Co., 9. Lowlhiaii & Parker,
2-2. M'Uride % Co., 6. MUibboii, 20. OCoiinel,
31. Paterson&Co., n. Pearson & Co., 21. J'ullat
& SoiiH, 4. Walkei J. & R., 3. India, xi.
Switzerland, .\nderegi;. Ml. Boe 'ch & Sous, 110.
HuMziker & Co., 166. Metller & Son, 197. Rascblc
& Co., 168.
United States, Uppham, Appletou & Co., 403.
Zollverein (2), Jaiiseu & LueluWf, 06.
Girandole (Antique) — xxvi. Ponsonby, 199.
Girders, Buidge — vii. Todd, 5'2
Girders for Koofs — liussia, Votinsk Imperial Iron
M'orks, '.JG.
Glass CuiMNEY-piixrs — xxiv. Forrest & Bromley, 42.
Glass-cutting (lllustrationiuO^xxiv.OliIson, 10. .Perry
& Co., 36.
Glass Decouatioxs— xxiv. B^xmes, 49.
Glass Ksgraving — lielyium, Deville-Tliiry, 445.
Glass Fountains— xxiv. Binns, 34. OsUr, F. & C,
'.'0 (Transept), xxvil. T.ipscomlie & Co., i"
Glass-house (Models of). Melting-pots ANr ' ■ols-
I. King & Co., 91. S(iuires& Sons, 117. xxi-. hart-
ley & Co., 100 (Main Avenue, East). Si . air, 00.
XXVII. Harper & Moore, 1 19.
Glass Letters -xxiv. Shove & Co., 24.
Glass-makers' Sand — See Sand (for (Hass-inahimj).
Glass Ornasu.nts — Gold Coast and Asliantce, Foisler &
.Sniitli, 1 .
Glass Panelling— xxiv. nallanlinc & Allan, 78. x.vvi.
Pavies, 129. Hnrwutz, o.iS.
Gl. , .-liRFOHATED (lor Ventilation. &c.)— xxiv. LocU-
liead, 23. Swinliuine, 4. See also VeiUilators,
Window.
Glass Pipes. Tubing, &c.— i. Mav; & Co. 18. x. Ed-
wards, 4,J8. xxiv. ('uiithu]ieii, ^v C;o., 47. Powell &
Sons, 3i. Shepbard, H, SHiihuriie, 4.
Glass Sasu Barm, Sh\ x.xii. .Ijiioo, 23U.
Glass SuADK-cuTTiNa Machine — vi. Clau(let& Hough-
ton, 306.
Glass Silvering (Processes, & Articles in) — xxiv. Kidd
3. Swinburne, 4. Varnish, 27.
GI.A89 Tiles— Zo//i)erei« (I), Rohrig, 768.
Glass Vehandaus (Portable, for Plovers)-- xxiv. Cogan,
26.
Glass Warf. (Various)— xxii. Edwards, 349. xxill.
Lambert & Rawlings, 102. Martin & Co., 2. xxiv.
Bacchus & Sons, 19. Binns, 34. Cliance /Ic Co., 23.
Claudet & Houghton, 25. Coathnpes Ik Co., 47.
Cogan, 26. Coniie, 28. Davi* & Co., 15. Gatchell,
1-2. Green, 32. Hancock & Co., 46. Harris & Son,
21. Iletley & Co., 2. Junes & Sons, 11. Lloyd &
Siimmertiefd, 18. Molineaux & Co., 13. Naylor, 30.
Osier, F. & C, 20. Pellatt & Co., 33. Perry & Co.,
36. Pettit, 55. Powell & Sons, 31. Richardson, W.
& J., 14. Sanderson & Son, 9. Shepliard, 8. Varnish,
27. Viietelly & Branston, 29. Webb, 17. Wood, 16.
XXV. Brown, T. & M. L,, 1 5. Copelaiid, 2. xxvi.
Brann & Co., 172. xxx. (Fine Art Court) Donalds
&Crt., 41.
Austria, Buquov, 584. Czermak, 585. Franke, 602.
Grohniann, 086. Harrach, 587. Hegenbartb, 588.
Helmicb, 589, Hufinan, 590. Hoitinger, d89A.
Jaiike, Brothers, 591. Kittl's Heirs, 592. Konig,
596. Kuchinku, 003. Lbtz & Gerstner, 094. Meyr's
Nephews, 090. Pelikan, 597. Pfeiffer & Co. 606.
Spielscbka, 609. Viviit, 598. Zahn, 899.
BeUiium, Brodier, 396. Capellemans, 37, 387. Dierckz,
391. Frison, 392. Zoude & Co., 388.
France, Cliartier, 83. De Poilly & Co, 1396. Jouhan-
iieaud & ])ii))ois, 1630. Lacarriere, 1284. Maes
Poussielgne-Rusand, 14U0.
Gold Coast and Ashantee, Fnrster & Smith, 1 .
Ilamhurqh, Bohm, 97. India, xxiv.
Netherlands, Regout, 99. Vcrfiyal, Alfonso, 1023-1043.
Ifusxiii, lialivsky, 293. i'urkey.
liiiited States, Chnptnan, 68.
Zollverein (I), Oawia. & Boehme, SI5. Finsch, 211,
Goebel, 8l}8. Uutschenreuther & Sons, 805. Metzer
& Luhme, 212. Schalfgotsch, Count, 208, Sulms,
C.nnt, 210. Von Minutoli, 191. (2), Reinsch, 63.
(5), Tuccbis & Co., 21. Vogelsang & Sons. 22.
See also Bottles, *lllass. Decanters. Flint Glass.
Optical Glasses. I'icture Frames, Glass. Window
(thss.
Gi.^vss, Window— Sre Crown Glass. Flint Glass.
Painted Glass. Painted Windows. Plate Glass.
Sheet Glass. Stained Glass. Stained Glass Win-
dows. Window Glass.
Glaurerite- N/i(iiH, Burgos Mines, Inspector of, 35.
Glaziers" 1)iamon.>s — vi. RadcliOe, 328.
Hamhuryh, Hitdebrand, 2.
Gl-vzing for Greenhouses— xxvii, Kent, 122.
Ciix)iii:s— X, Adorno, 218. Beiitley, 213. lidkins & Sun,
2U7. Fletcher, 200. Johnston, W. & A. K., 198.
Newton & Son, '212. Richards, 188. Stoker, 204.
XVII. Wyld, 175.
Austria, Hiedl, 131, Zibermayr, 132.
Belt/ium, Browne, 4'jO. France, Gosselin, 249.
Zollverein (I), Kunmer, 194, (2). Klinger, 29.
Glove Boxf:s Zollverein (I), Blankcnstein, 842.
Glove Clasps France, Lepine, 910.
Glove MAKl.^<i Machines and Tools — France, Brun,
37. J. . ,, 893. J«ivin & Doyon, 1279.
Gloves, Cloth, Thread, Silk, &e.— xx. Biggs & Sons,
2(10. Dent & C"., 7». Firkins J. & C, 163. Foster &
Cm., 2. Fownes, Brother*, 82. Galloway & Harris,
93. Hdrnr,&Son8, 198. Lonsdon & Sons, 168. Miic-
d.iugall, 83. Morley, I. cSi R., 101. Musson, R. &
.V, 97. Pitman, 187. RecU-rave, 164. Saxton, 90.
Ward & Co., 195. W heeler & Ablett, 22. Wood,
137.
France, Diissol, 15(1. HeJer, 539. Lanret, Brothers,
903. Tailbouis, Verdivr & Co., 1020.
Malta, Aiiopanli, 20. liussia, Lafont, 270, 277.
.S'lcci/cH, Isoz, 197.
Turliii/.
\'iiii JJiemim'a Land, Qufeii'i Orphan Schools, 138.
DESCRIBED IN THE CATALOGUE.
hiii
Clau(let& liough-
e« in)— XXIV. Kidd
768.
er*)- XXIV. Cogan,
ards, 345. xxill.
in & Co., 2. XXIV.
Cimnce Ac Co., 23.
hiipvn K Co., 47.
Co., 13. Uatcliell,
4(i. HariU St Son,
loim, 11. Lloyd &
^o., 13. Naylor, 30.
, 33. Perry & Co.,
1. Richaidaon, W.
epiiard, 8. Varniib,
■bb, 17. Wood, 16.
yopulaiid, 2. XXVI.
\rt Court) Donaldi
)65. Franke, 602.
HuK«n^artli, 588.
Hottinger, SSOa.
eira, 592. Kiinii;,
rstner, 594. Meyr'n
'hiffet & Co. 606.
ihii, 599.
I, 37, 387. Dierckz,
3&8.
Cn. 1396. Jouban-
riertf, 1284. Maes
; Smith, 1.
Alfonso, 1023-1043.
315. Finsch, 211.
^008, 805. Metzer
otuit, 208, Solma,
(2), Keinsch, 63.
sanj; & Suns, 22.
ers. Flint Glaus.
Glass. Window
Flint Glass.
Plate Glass,
itaincd Glass Win-
ispector of, 35.
28.
Mit, 122.
Kdkins & Sun,
& A. K., 198.
88. Htokcr, 204.
elin, 249.
]). Klinger, 29.
itein, 84'2,
- France, Brun,
, 1279.
X. I)i);g8 & Sons,
C, 103. Foster &
lloway & Harris,
Sons, 168. Mac-
MiiHsoii, K. &
6-1. Siixton, 90.
;)lL'tt, 22. Wood,
Lanret, Brothers,
t, 270, 277.
Schools, 138.
Hooper
Dicki,
Money,
Zolluerein (3), United Merchant Maniifaclurets, 72-83.
(6), Moerschel, Winzenfrivd & Co., 28.
Olovks, Cu)TH fob— XII. & XV. Alien, 225.
&Co., 210. Norton, l26.
C}|X)VE9, Tlesii— X. Lawrence & Co., 722.
Gu>VE8, Leather — xx. Corry, J. & J. 190.
184. Fi.'kins, J. & C. 163. Foiier & Gi. 2.
Ib9. Wliitl)y, 186. Wingrave & Sons, 16.
Austria, Januemar, 33J. Prague Glovers' Auociation,
336. BeUiiiim, HegW, 348.
Denmark, Muttut & Sons, 10. Tliomsen, 9,
France, Urun, 37. Cliosson & Co. 1150. Houbigant,
1027. Jouvin & Doyon, 1279. Lncocq Preville, 1303.
TamlioHr-LBiloyen, 388. Texier, 1033.
Netherlands, Kaiser, 51.
J'ortiiijal, Baron, 1154.
Jliissia, Beinio-Niveta, 273,
Spain, Vilardet & Callejas, 258.
Sweden, Isoz, 107.
Zollverein (1), I^bmann, 138. Plessner, 179. Sclinei-
cler, 185. Wuhlen & SolitMidt, 401. Welter, IbO.
(7), Lnxcmbourg Ganteriu FraiiQaise, 4. iJee also
Shins (for Gloves).
Gluk -IV. Abbott & Wright, 121. Groves, 131. Mnller,
1J5a. Nimmo & Co. 12:^. Swinborne & Co. 119.
Tucker, 121. Watt & Son, 120.
Beltjinm, Biliet, 93. Briers, 99. Hansotte-Delloye, 94.
Ji)l)art, 89.
Canada, McFarlane, 124.
Denmark, Holinblail, 27.
France, Coigiiet & Sun, 1153. Estivant, Brotliers, 1214.
Herve, Brothers, 1621. Lubeck, Bebrens, 3.
Netherlands, Oeinen, 8. Roosegaarile, 21.
Portm/al, Da Foiicua, 627. Piexoto, 628.
Van hieinen's Land, Button, 21. Hurt, 162.
Zollverein (1), Feigeiispahn, 688. Loosen, 336. Lo-
reiiz, 37. See also Murine Glue.
Gluten— III. Jones & Co., 128. St. Elienne, 138.
France — Vezoii, Brothers, 1520.
Gneiss— I. Riddcll, Sir J. M., Bart., 55.
Goats" Hair — Ilnssia, Abramott", 131. Cossack Women,
19S. Tunis, 181.
Goaw-Haib Shawls — linssia, Bondarevsky, Prascovia,
Olga, &c. ;j58. A Cossack's Wife, 282.
GonEiiTANOE Stones— yy«tyt«ni, Beemaert, 439.
GoDFiiF.Y OF Bouillon (Eiiui'stviiui Slatue ol) — Belgium,
Siini>ni3, 464 (Main Avenue, Kast).
Gold and Gold-Orb — l. Brucciani, 486. Marriott, S.'iO
(Main Avenue, East).
Cf(HiYf/n, Cb.iudiere Mining Co. 12. Logan, 1.
Chili, .Schneider & Co, I . India, I.
New South Wales, Hallett & Sons, ,').
llussi'i, Demidoff, 21, 120. Titrkei/.
United Slates, Hohson, i77. Walbridge, 186.
Western Africa, Sivanzy, 23.
GoLD-liEATERs' Skin— IV, Puckridge, 108. x. Puckridge,
(i09. Marshall, 104.
Van Diemens Land, Hood, 106.
OoLPnK.tTlNG Machines — France, Bottier, 1101.
United Statei, Vine & .\sbmead, l!Hi.
Gold-Ieaf (including Silveh-Leaf) — I. Bennet, 498.
Pimu; & Co. 478. xxill. .Marshall, 101.
France, I'arvel, l:i20. Tiirkeij.
United States, Aiiliey & Son, 54. Asmead & Uarlburt,
;)3j. \an Oienicn's Land, l\iwi], 10.).
(ioLD MAMiKACTiTRE (Processes ol) — XXMI. Emanuel, 119,
(ioLO OuE, Specimens of, from C.ilil'ornia — i. JNlarriott.
530 (Main Avenue, Kast).
Gold Ohes (Machines for VVashing)— if usstff, Demidoff,
I.-.H.
Goia> Pens— VI. Mordan & Co. 205. Wiley & Co. 325.
XXIII. Mosley & Co. 107. Nicoll, 21.
United .St'ites, lioed, 484. Slinipson, 4()l.
Gold Plati:m (Engraved)— Sit itity7u«rf, Grandjean, 46.
Kuiiilert, 45.
Gold Plating — France, Urunier, 76,
GoLD-iiEviviNG Ki.LlD — France, lloasi'let, 1452.
Gold Sand Spain, Tlie Inspector of the Granada Mines,
16.
GoM) AND SiLVKR Lace— XIX. Iluiding & Co., ISO.
Belyium, Noel, 332,
JVnnc«, Guillemot, Brotbera, 251. Putin, 1414.
linssia, Startcbikoff, 321.
i?o/<»«rein(2),Troell8ch& Haiiaelmann, 59. (6), Anselm,
59.
Gold and Silver SrvFfs— Netherlands, Travaglino, 48.
Portuyal, Carvallio, 909-91'.'. Lima, 105. Jiussia,
SapognikofT, 372. Turkey. iSn{/»ereiM (I), Kronin){, 851.
Gold and Silver Ware- xxii. Bell, 232. Guest, J. &
W. 624. Wiley & Co. 325. XXIII. Abbott, 66.
Adams, 88, Angell, 0. 103. Angell,J. HI. Alteidio-
rough, 113. Barling, 85. Beiniett, 18. Broadliead
& Atkins, 43. Collis, 34. Connell, 16. Dixon & Sons,
38. Dodd, 122. Donne & .Sons, 127. Eaton, 52.
Ellis & Son, 12. Emanuel, 119. Forrest, 108. For-
iter, 77. Gbrrard, R. & S. 98. Gaas, S. H. & D.
83. Greenwell, 7. Hancock, 112. Harvey & Co.,
02. Hawkesworib, Eyre, & Co. 35. Higgins, 115.
Billiard & Thomason, 'J9. Hunt & Roskell, 97,
Keith, 121. I.Ambert and Rawlings, 102. Lester &
Sons, 27, Lias & Son, 126, Loewenstark, 02. Mar-
rian, 31. Marshall & Sons, 23. Martin, Baskett &
Co., 2. Mason, 128. Mayer, 14. Mills, 56. Morel
&Co. 117. Mosley & Co. 107. Padley, Parkin,
& Co. 42. Payne & Sons, 4. Phillips, Brothers,
87. Reid&Sons, 3. Sharp, 120. Skidmore & Son,
129. Smily, 04. Smith, Nicholson, & Co. 110.
Spurrier, 28. Thompson, 25. Wert lieimer, 130. Wiil-
dowson & Veale, 100. Wilkinson & Co. 44. Wood-
bridge, 53. XXVI. Hardman & Co., 532. xxx. (Fine
Art Court) Donalds, W. J. & C. 41.
Algeria, Algiers, Delegate of, 58.
Austria, Baecber, 575a. Friedrich, 720a. Ratzersdorfer,
577.
Belginm, Verberckt, 470. Canada, Siuage, 340.
Ceylon, Grey, the Countess. China, Walkinshaw.
FiJiipt, 369, 375, 378-380, 382, 385-387.
France, Christofle & Co. 1562. Durand, 1595. Fray,
512. Froment, 1720. Gueyton, 1619. Marrel, Bro-
thers, 331. Odiot, 1671.
Gold Coast Sr Ashantee, Forster & Smith, 1.
Hamburgh, Brahmfeld & Gutrup, 54. India, xxill.
Ionian Islands, Seaton, Lord, 5. Woodford, Lady, 1.
Malta, Cretien, 24. Falson, 25.
iVeMcWflnrfs, Grebe, 102. Kenipen, 101. Lucardie, 103.
Portugal, De Francii,l022c. llodrigues, 1022a.
y^Kssiff, 274, 291. Koshlull", 369. VarbovzolV, 368.
Sardinia, Montefiori, 57.
Sweden and Norway, Folcker, 67. Palmgren, 49. 68.
Tostrup, 46.
Switzerland, Dubois, 43, Dutertre, 219. Fries, 221
Golay, 220. Tunis, 83. Turkey
United States, Bateman, 587. Brown, 134. Simpson,
565. Wright, 589.
Zollverein (1), Jacolii, 787. Schneider, 203. Sirahl,
206. Wagner & Son, 840. Weisbaupt & Sons, 412.
(2). Grenanth, Brothers, 95. Zeiler, 93. ('J), Sirube
& Son, 33. (4), GroeiHfr, (iO.
Gold, Silver, and Colouued Tissues— xxvi. Newbery,
J. &U.3 13.
Golf Balls— xxix. Gourhiy, 192.
Goix)sii&s— xxviii. Hall, 190. Denmark, Petersen, 11.
United l^tates. New Bmnswick India Rubber Co., 560.
(ioNCS — C7ii;»a, Ilewell & Co. Turkey.
(I'oNtOMETER— Zo//('<'it(7( (4), Kinzelbacli, 2(i.
GooDiiALi., Dr., Statue OF — Weekes, pa^'e 853.
(iooDWiN Sands (Model of Breakwater and Lighthouse for),
—VII. King, 160.
GoRiNor.vBiLi,s,Iiivetitiontoprevent — xxix. Mitchell, 274.
GoiisE Cutting and Bruising Machines— ix. Bennett,
i:i. Burrell, 37. AVedl.ik, .'t Co., ]'27. While, 181.
Gothic Door— xxx. (Fine Art Court) Kmery, 345.
Gothic Window (Undescrilieii)— ZoWterew (-1), Staib &
Wasserott, 69.
Grain — .See Corn.
Graining and Flatting (Specimens oO — li. Fawcett,
29. IV. Enilerson, 16. xxvi. Arthur, 303. See
also Wood, Painting on.
Granite — Western End, Nortli Enclosure (Outside),
Hosken, 75. i. 193, Brcadalbniie, Marquis of, 7.
hiv
ALPHABETICAL AND CLASSIFIED LIST OF ARTICLES
i 1
Clatk, 190, Gumming, 19*. Folmouth & Peiiryii
Local Commitfeo, 163. Freeman, W. & J., 160.
Jamiemn, 25. Mikxwell, 134. Riddel), Sir J. M., 59.
Rnu, 51. Ruumore, Lord, 1-12. Sim, 137. Spark),
154. Canada, Logan, 1. Wilion, 2,
France, Colin, 1504.
Jer»eii and Guenuei/, Clugoi, 25.
Portugal, Bonnet, «9, 103-105.
Sweden aitd Norway, Kullgrin, 118 (Eagfeni End, Ont-
»ide). Tiirkeu.
Van Diemen'a Land, Milligan, 250, 237.
Granite Columns, Obelisks, &c.— Weitern End, Souiii
Kncloiure (Outside), Freeman, W. &J., 14. We»tern
End, Nortli Kncloiure (Outtide), Clieeiewring (jranite
Co., 54. - Hoiken, 75. Eaitern End, Kullgrin, lOU.
XXVII. M'Donald& Leslie, 74. Pearce,75. Wright, 43.
Granite (Small Article! in)— i. Hutchiion, 161. Jamie-
ion, 25. xxiil. Ellis Si Sou, 12.
Grasses— III. Gibl)i & Co., 104.
Turkei/. New Zealand, Moore, 37.
Grasses", British, Treatise on — xvii. Binn»& Goodwin,
14.
Grass ('loth — China, Hewett & Co. Lindsay. Rawson.
Gold Coast and Ashantee, Forster & Smith, 1,
Western Africa, Forster & Smith, 2. Button, J. F., 2 1 .
Hulton & Sons, 6. Straitli, 18.
Grass Fibre— iJn7is/i G«ia««, De Burton, 80, 81. Dug-
gin, 79.
Grass and Hat Cutting Machines— ix. Shanks & Son,
67. Ferrabee & Suns, 274.
Grates— XXII. 111. Coalbrouk Dale Co., 641. Featham
& Co., 686. Deane, A., Ml. Gorton, 374. Gray &
Si>n, 405. Hoole & Co.,140. Leslie, 101. Niuholson,
87. Robertson & Co., 802. Stewart & Smith, 102.
See also Kitchen Ranges, Stoves.
Grattan, Henry, The late (Statue oQ— xxvii. Mont-
eagle, Lord, 72.
Gravv Dishes— XXII. Gray, 615.
Grease— IV. Rose, 27.
Great Britain, Steam Ship, Means used for raising
(Models)— VII. Bremner, 95.
Greek Slave, The (Statue by H. Powers)— United
States, Grant, 522 (Main Avenue, East).
Greek Theatre (Model of)~- Zollverein (I), Stefter, 304.
Greenhou8E8,Con8ERVatohies, &c. — Western Enil,Norlb
Enclosure (Outside), Uench, 61. Kent, 62. IX. Toby
& Son, 210. Weeks & Co., 248a. (North Transept.)
XXII. Coalbrook Dale Company, 641. (Main Avenue,
West,) Gidney, 556. xxx. (Fine Art Court) Frewer,
219. iS^e alio Glazimj for Greenhouses.
Greenhouses, Portable— x. Ward, 664,
United States, MacWeenev, 365.
Green Peas— «Mssirt,KhokholkolV& Co. 63. Mlagkkoff,62.
Green Stone I. Graham, 517. Sparks, 154.
New Zealand, Moore, 37.
Van Diemen's Ltiwl, Milligan, 342.
GuEEN Vitro L — See Copperas.
Grenades — liiissia, Imi^rial Nijne Issetsk Iron Works,
159,
Grev, Earl, The late. Monument to (Model)— vii.
Green, ;!.
Grinding and Crushing Mills (for Minerals, Grain,
Seeds, Drugs, &c.)-vi. Crosjliill, 404, Hall, 4T2.
Savage, ibti. ix. Crosskill, \:ib. xxil. Whitmee &
Ciiapman, 242, .S'ee also Corn and Grain Grinding
and Crushing Mills. Hudraulic Seed-Presses, Tan-
Tiers' Barh-grinding Mill.
Grinding Machines — Fra,ice, Hermaim, 873. Huck, 541.
Grindstones — Western End, South Enclosure (Outside),
Bedford & Co. 24. Dove, 23. Haywood, 22. i.
Meinig, 81. ix. Deane, Dray & Co., 180.
Iiulia, XXIX. New Brunswick. Portugal, 295, 290.
United States, Lombard & Hall, 428. See alio Hones.
Millstones. Whetstones.
Grist-mills — See Corn and Grain, Sfc. Mills.
Gritstone —I, Devonshire, Duke of, and Capt, Eddy, 496,
Groats (Prepared) — iii. Styles, 157.
Grooving Machine — Untied Slates, Woodbury, 443.
GROlinERH (or Cultivators) ix. Cowan, 12tn. I)ii,'ges La
Touche, 203, Drummoiid & Sons, 49, Prance, "'>.
GuALDA DvE— Sudin, Oiil)crt, 137.
Guano-i, Gill, 38. V
South Africa—De Fan, 50. Seatight, 37,
United States, Dix, 139.
Van Diemen's Land, Milligan, 255.
Gueridon, a. — France, Comolera Madame, 1741,
GviPlJHE— Belgium, Establishment of St, Joseph, 322.
Guitars— X. Cliurch, 514. Dubruwoliki, 524. I'anurmo,
525.
Austria, Biitiier, 144. France, Huiion & Co. 885.
India, x.
Zollverein (1), Rhumaun, 90. (3), Glier & Son, 20.
Klemm, 18.
QuiTARRA Harpa— S/iat'n, Gallegoi, 272.
Gum-Paste Figures- xxx. (Fine Art Court). Wood, 174.
Gums— II. Jenningi,99, London Druggiits, 117. I'icciotto,
33, III, Colmaii, 117, Tucker, 121, iv. Convey,
70, Gillman, 44, Halliday & Co., 73. liea, 116.
Austria, Engelmann, 22.
British Gtiitma, Duggin, 49, Outridge, 51.
Ceylon, Pieris. Egypt, 20, 120, 121. Frame, Augan, 12.
India, iv. Eastern Archipelago, ffc, Hammond & Cu, 2,
New Zealand, Brown, 16, Portugal, 458.
Sardinia, Saluce, lO. Trinidad, Lord Harris. Turkey,
Van Diemen's Land, Milligan, 81, 254. Milligan &
Hull, 288. Quiim, 94. Smith, 296.
Western Africa, Weston, 1.
Gun Barrels- VIII. Goddard, 235. Hart, 249, Robin-
«)n, 214, Wilkinson & Son, 200,
Belgium, Amand, 368, Moncheur, 366.
liussid, Ismael-Abddol-Rugtiel-Ogli, 160.
Zollverein (1), Aiischutz, 698.
Gun Carriages— VIII. Ferguson, 84. Ferguson, C. A. &
T., 184, Mumford, 144, Munro, 282.
Russia, Poland Mining Works, 147, 155. Yotkinsk Im-
])erial Iron Works, 156.
Gun Elevator— Beadon, 90.
Gun Furniture— VIII. Beattie, 216.
Gun Implements — viii, Baylis & Son, 251a,
Gun Locks— viii. fiaker, 263. Ri|ipingille, 258,
Belgium, Ledent, 148, Tunis, 83,
Gun Metal— I. Stirling, 428.
Gunpowder— 11, Tulloch, 21, ri/nj's, 91,
Guns, Inlaying and Engraving on — viii. Shorman, 266,
Guns, Pistols, &c„ (incl>'ding Hides, Muskets, Blunder-
busses, &c,)— viiL I eattie, 216. Beckwith, 220.
Bentley & Son, 221, Boss, 219. Brazier, J. & R„
206, Brookes & Son, 246, Bull, 239, Clierrett, 297,
Coo|ier & Co., 241. Davidson, 238. Davis, 253,
_ _ --- Deane, G. & J., 223a. Egg,
Fairman, 233, Fletclier, 255,
Gibbs, 215, Goddard, 235,
Goldiiig, 228. Grainger, 278,
245. Haswell, 250. Hoskins,
Deane & Co., 223.
2.12. Erskine, 257,
Foisylh & Co., 256.
Golden & Son, 264.
Greener, 59. Hart,
252. Kini;, 281. Lang, 226, Manton & Son, 217,
Moore & Grey, 209, Mortimer, 267. Needham, 260,
Needham, W.& J.,218. Osborne, 234. Parker & Co.,
221. Parsons, 270. Potts, 207, Powell & Son,
249. Reilly, 237. Richards & Co., 240. Rigby,
W. & J., 230. Sliaw, 234. Squires, 287. Townseiid,
243. Trulock & Son, 222. Watkins & Hill, 238a,
M'ebster, 263, Veomans & Son, 231. x. Webster,
67 lA. Winton, 250, Witton & Co., 203. WoodHeld,
229. Woodward, 230. xxn. Oliver, 121. Ashfield,
78, 200. Boyd, 77, 259.
./liafria, Keldiier's Nephew, 116, Kiriier, 121, Lebeda,
114, Meyer & Co., 112. Micheloni, 119. Nowak,
ll3. Perger, 111. Schamal, 118. Schoeiihuber, 1 13.
Belgium, Ancion & Co., 143. Bernimoliii & Brotlieri,
150. Dehousse, 153. Doutrewe, 149. Falisse &
Uupmaim, 134. Henrard, 140, Jaiisen, 139. Lar-
dinois, 131. Lepage, 143. Mulherhe, 147. Montigiiy
& Fusuot, 158. Plomdeur, 146, Reiikin, 503,
Uenkin, Brothers, 141. Thonet, 144. Tiidut, 152,
Tiiurey, 155.
r «;W(/, AsliHeld, IGl, Boyd, 160. Ceylon.
Denmark, Jessen, 14.
France, Hergor, 418. IJcringor, 1546. Bernard, 1347,
Itertoiiiiet, oS. ('iinm, I 133. t^iisson, Poinchicr, &
Udssigiiol, 408, Uevisine, 100. Duclus, 1712. Flo-
■i
DESCRIBED IN THE CATALOQUE.
Ixv
,37.
ime, 1741.
. Joieph, .122.
i, 524. Paiiornio,
)n & Co. 885.
Glier & Son, 30.
'2.
:uurt). Wood, 174.
iti, 117. I'icciotto,
121, IV. Coiivey,
»., 73. K«a, 116.
France, A»gan, 12.
Hammond & Co. 2.
408.
1 Hartia. Tiirkeu.
254. Milligaii &
16.
[lart, 245. Rubin-
J6.
160.
Ferguson, C. A. &
282.
I5S. Votkiiisk Im-
, 25lA.
gille, 258.
91.
III. Sliorman, 266.
Muskets, Bluiider-
Beckwith, 220.
Brazier, J. & R.,
|39. Clierrett, 297.
!38. Davis, 253.
J., 223a. EBg,
l3. Fletclier, 25J.
Goddnrd, '.^35.
Grainger, 278.
1, 259. Hoskins,
inton & Son, 217.
Needliam, 260.
14. Parker & Co.,
Powell & Son,
;o., 240. Rigby,
287. Townseiid,
ins & Hill, 238a.
131. X. Webster,
203. Woodtield,
121. AsliHeld,
lier, 121. Lebeda,
liii, 119. Nowak,
Schoeiiliulier, 1 13.
Inuliii Si Brotliers,
ll49. Falisse &
t'sen, 139. Lar-
147. Montigny
Iteiikin, 503.
M. Tiidot, 152.
Bernurd, 1547.
■on, Foiircliicr, &
Iclos, 1712. Flo-
bert, 215. Fontenau, 909. Gaitimie-Reneltr, 1611.
Oauvain,16I2. GodUet, 1251. Houllier, 1628. Jacqus-
mart, Brotlien, 272. Lagt«ge, 1724. Lefraucheux,
1308. Malbieu,6l8. Morel, Brothers, 1 734. Motitier
le Page, 1364. Peigiif, 947. Prelat, 16BI. Ronch-
ard-Slauve, 1401.
Hanover, Tanner, 3. India, vni.
Jersey and Giiemsei/, Juulmud, 10.
Liibech, Fischer, 5.
Mecklenbury-Schwerin, Schmidt, 3. Periia, Major.
Portugal, Royal Military Arsenal, G30-640.
Jtimia, Sliali-Wedi-Ogli, 166.
Spain, Aretio, 269. Garate, 270a. Ibariabal, 268.
I'lacencia Royal Ordnance, 269. Ziiluaga, '.61a.
Sweden and Norway, Hagstrom, 79. Hook's Iron Works,
78. Kungslwrl' Manuractory, 40.
Switzerland, Destraz, 71. Fischer, 269. Jeannet, 9.
Peter, 67. Saurbrey, 68. Vannotl, 69. Turkey.
United States, Allen, 236. Anthony, 089. Cult, 331.
Palmer, 347. Pecare & Smith, 307. Robbins &
Lawrence, 328,
.Zi>Hiwei»(l), Blanoke, 801. Brecht, 699. Gehrmann,
60. Gleicliaiif, 8s7. Grzybowski, 63. Hauaii, 700.
Kehl, 64. K6ni){& Sons, 701. Lildlich, 61. I'istor,
4SI. Pokorny, 79. Sauberbrey, 702. Saner & Son,
479. Sclialler, 478. Schilling, 895. Spangenberg,
Saner, & Sturm, 477. Teutenberg, 678. Weiland,
388. (2), Heiidein, 20. Huckenreuter, 21. (3), Thueri-
gen, 32. (4), Oberiidorf Royal Gun Manufactory, 19,
(9), Weber & Scliultheis, 6. (6), Dickore, 18. See
also Cartridges. Percussion Caps, Shot ^ Bullets.
Stanchion Guns. Steam Gun, IVar-Enyiue. Wild
Fowl Shooting, Guns, ^c.,for.
Gun-shot Distance Measurer — Switzerland, Zeigler,
1U8.
Gun-Stock8— Van Diemen's Land, Robinson, 90.
Gun Waddings — viii. Fairman, 233. Joyce & Co., 277.
.Symington, 286. Walker & Co., 284. Walker, R., 242.
XII. & XV. Wilkinson, 91. xvii. Hamer, 84.
Gutta Pehcha, and Articles hade thereof — vi.
Gutta Percha Company, 424. x. Wishaw, 419. xix.
O'Dunnell, 53. xx. Helps, 168a. xxii. Tasker,221.
Tliomi>son, 808. xxvi. Gutta Percha Company, 21.
Tliorn & Co., 1, xxviii. Bunn & Co,, 77, Gutta
Percha Company, 85. Hancock, 00. Walker, 87.
XXIX, Iliff, 253, Muorson, 253, Austria, Dinzel, 348.
Canada, Wheeler, 353. India, iv.
Eastern Archipelago, Hammond & Co., 2. Turkey,
See also Boats, Gutta Percha. Electrical Machines,
Gutta Percha.
Gutta Percha Horse-shoeing— xxviii. Hewens, 199.
Gymnastic Apparatus— x. Chaplin, 970.
Gypsum — Western Knd, South Enclosure (Outside), Rays-
dale 4. I. 13lc. Blyth & Jacobs, 131.
Canada, IiOgan, 1. Lahuan, ^c, Hammond & Co., 2.
Trinidad, Lord Harris. 7'Hnt.s', 50, 166, 169-171.
Gypsum (Articles in)— xxvii. Hull, J, & T., 37, 38.
Tunis, 13, Turkey, Zollverein (1), Noe, 418,
Hackles— See Flax Tools and Machinery.
Haejiatite— I, Ainswurth, 422. Dickenson, 407. Drew,
449. Llverston Mining Company, 420,
Trinidad, Lord Harris, 21.
Hair (Artiticial)— xvi, Laycock & Sonn, 330, xxviii,
Uoss & Sons, fi4, TrueHtt, 65, xxix. Rinimel, 3.
Hamburgh, Pepper, 18, Tunis, 182, Turkey,
L'nited States, Wisdom, Russel, & Whilman, 205.
Zo//cereiH (3), (loetze, 169. See aUo Dyed Hair. H'igs.
Hair-Brushes — See Brushes, Toilet.
Haih-Clotu- xvi. Laycock & Sons, 330, Webb, 243.
Haik, Cow— xxix. Wright, 290.
Haih-dressers' Figures— /ranee, Allix, 6,
Hair Dyes - iv. Barker & Co,, 62. xvi, Leath.wt, 317.
xxvin. Trueflit, 62. Russia, Belilclieti; 330.
Hair Fancy-work and Ornaments— xxiii. Hakewell,
70. Cleal, 59. Forrer, 99. Guss.S, H,&D,, 83, Huia-
sen & Co,, r24. Ilermann, 90, Lee, 71. Townley,
125. Wall, 5. xxviil. G'een, CO. .School for llw
Imligent Hliiid, 100. XXIX. Adair, 307. xxx. (Fine
Alt Oiiul) Gray, 293.
Austria, Fraiike, 602. Denmark, Lange. 42.
France, Lemonniei & Co., 909. Hamburgh, Uomiierti, 33.
Madeira, Read, 1.
Netherlands, Lefebre, 107.
United States, Bourgard, 309. Phalun, 390.
Zollverein (1), deel, 6.) 7.
Haih-I'uwdbr - III. Jones & Cu., 128.
Austria, Ritter, 696.
Hair Sieves— Thiim, 137.
Hairsprings— S«>««*«r/nm/, Luti, 94.
Hair, Vegetable— /l/i/erta, Averseng & Co., 3.
Hair-workino Machine— VI. Thumpfon, 903,
Halters (Horses') -xi v. Wall, K. & T., 70.
UA».MocKB-J!/ri(isA Guiana, Barkly, 139, 138, 139.
Rose, 136. Stutchbury, 126, 137.
H .mpden, Statue or (Model)— Page 848.
Hand-Bells- V. Warner & Sons, 424.
n ANDKERCHIEFB (Cambric, Cotton, and others)— XI. Thorn,
son & Son, 10. XII. & XV. Black & Wingate, 204.
Wehber & Hairs, 277. xiv. Dufferin's, Lord, School,
Belfast, 3. Richardson, J. & T., & Co., 31. xviu.
Mair&Co., 13.
China, Baring, Brothers. Egypt, 319, 322, 323, 328. 331.
France, I^iare & T^cruix, 9U5.
Ionian Isles, Fiiiroy, ImuI C., 4.
Portugal IX Lux, 756-760. Motter, Weyhe, & Co.,
748-755. Vussia, Rabeneck, 173.
Switzerland, . wnziger, 112. Greuter & Rister, Bro-
thers, 123. .lunziker & Co., 166. Mueller, 160.
Schiesser, 134. Turkey.
Zo/;i>erein(l), Bauch, 793. Funke, 987. Kirstein, 120.
Prentiel, 129. (4), Kohlor, 46.
Handkerchiefs (Silk)— xi. Mair, Son, & Co., 59.
xviil. Baker & Co,, 2. Foster & Co., I6. Kerr &
Co., 94. Keymer, J., 12. Walford, 19. Welch & Co.,
7. Wilkinson, 8. xix. Bennock & Co., 394.
.i4/</erta, Casteiran, 15,
Austria, Laportn, 387. Liebig, 241, Mayer, Brothers,
266. Robz, 384, Siel)ert, 271, S|ianraft, 273,
Belgium, Verreyt, 290, China, Hewett & Co.
France, Chumbon, 112, De|)onlly, 1586, Lazare &
Lacroix, 905, Meures & Caiidin, 1397, Nourry,
Brothers, & Meynard, 1670, Paul, 676,
Greece, Nuns of St, Constantine, 54.
Hamburuh, Bahr & Co., 122. Laile, 23.
Ionian Islands, Mavroiunni, 3. Seaton, Lord, 9.
Portugal, Carneiro, 960-962. Martin, 997.
Bussia, Jtaf-Ogli, 207. Sardinia, Annecy & Pont, 34.
Switzerland, Uaenziger, Koln, & Co., 156. Schmid,
Brothers, 269. Tanner, 20j. Walty, Brothers, 141.
Tunis, 10. United States, Pierce, 248a, Updegraff, 546.
Zollverein (1), Simons, 514.
Handkerchiefs (Designs for) — Trance, Preinsler, 1409.
Hand-Loom Fabrics (Cotton, Wool, Silk) — France, Tri-
cot, Brothers, 396.
Hand-Mills (for grinding Flour)- vi. Adams, S.& C., 429.
Egypt, 155. France, Uouchon, 431.
Hand-mule Cotton Machinery— vi. Mason, 10.
Hand-power Machine— v. Gunn, 754.
Handley, H. (M. P.), Testimonial to the Memory of
(Model)— xxx, (Fine Art Court) Mabey, l4l.
Hands, Artificial— x. Bursill,673A. Little, 196.
Harbour of Refuge on the Kast Coast of Ireland
(Model)— VII. BrulV, 49.
Hardware (various)— xxii. Bailey Sc Sons, S09. Blew*
& Sons, 349. Burton, 247. Carpenter & Tildestey,
659. Chambers, b07. Fearncombe, I60a. Featham &
Co., 6S6. Glenton & Cliapman, :'38. Gorton, 374.
Gray & Son, 262. Hale & Co., 486. Hardy, I4fi.
Harper & Sons, 96. Harrison, 555. Holgate, 450.
Hoole & Co., 140. Mapping, 180. Mappleliecke &
Lowe, 370. Moore & Co., 274. Moretun Si Langley,
669. Morton, 104. Newbold & Owen, 133. Pender
& Sons, 574. Price, 397. RobertsOD, Carr & Co., 801?.
Rowley, 278. Shenstone& Mills, 273, Shoolbred&Co.
66, Smionite, 270. St.>er & Webster, 124. Stirk, 666.
Tarin, 514. Taylor, 359. Terry & Son, 691a, Turner
& Co., 174, Walton, 701, Wright, 177. xxix, Mitchell,
138, Waul less, 266.
Austria, Hauser, 4b2,
[Offictal Illustrated Catalogue.]
Ixvl
ALniAnKTICAL AND CLASSIFIKD LIST OF ARTICLKS
■•" \y
Funics, Briciird ft, (tuuiliier, 437. C( j1iiux& Co., Vl'i.
DLTvaux-l^rulivrr, 1-19, (JiiKleiilMirg k Cu., 831,
1737. JiiccniPtiiurt Urolliers, 'J/i. Luiiry, 568. Morel,
l)rollur«, \li\. I'ieriiii, i»'i7.
i/rtw/" '/A, CliiMiMi, 110. KliPMlicim, fi'2. Meyer, 3J.
Boliuliii' St Sclici I my, -IK. India, xxil.
Aowi Sriiliii, Arcli,i.,ilii, 3. Iliimiiii, .Ijikvlvfl', 'J8li.
Zulli'treiii (1), HiMB & Fiiclii-r, i nl, Dorcker, C3.J.
Cliriatiuii, li'.^4, Kiiiiku & Hui-ck, Uj'.'. Hu.4t'iirlrvt'r
&S»iis, 1)31. Hil^t^r^ & Soiii, cai. Huili, Fiivil vV,
'X (i:)2. LucuiiSc C'm.,C.5(>. Liickiiuin& Co., 631.
.VHK 7li.). Sclimi.ll.lilil. (3), HiilVirinii, 36. (4),
JJfffni'r, 71. Sir Mu /ronmiiiiijeri/. IronWarea. Ju-
ftdiined Warea.
HaBMomiimh -X. Wheatitoiie & Co., 520.
Hfhiiim, VerlioMiii, l"'.t.
Zdlhireiit (3), /imnu'iinanii, '21.
France, Debain, \\7\i. Treiiia'ix, 304.
Harnksh, &c. See Siidiliiry aiin Harness.
HAHi't)<)N fiu.s AM> Ai'l'AHATl's VIII. Miiu ly, ■1.18. *Ve
ulso W/iiite-(fnn.i.
Habi'cons- XXII. Tliciiiiiui, 3d8.
IlAiii's,— X. Bray, 531. .Iolle^ 53J. Vonliira, 18.
Fiiince, Domoiiy, 477. Krard, 4U7.
Habik)\vs-ix. IJurker, iSL'. Harrett. Kxall & Aiiilrew",
1-28. Campbell, 17. Carson, HO. Coleiuan, 21l>.
Comins, 143. Cro»»ki ,13.5. Oigjfps La Toiiclie, '263.
Garretl & Soin, 142. Grant & Cu., ^67. William*, 151.
India.
Z"//cfWH (').Kiiencmuml, 795. .•^prenijel & Co., 67.
Hassocks - xix. Hope, '209.
Hat-Uanus, &c. vui. Boothe & Pyk' 03. ' "ilson, 5G.
Hat MAKlN(i (Mill ils for)- xiii. N* all" ■ iSt Son, 'J.
VVilion&C>., 1 XX, Oietrtcli, 56. aimuiunda ^S:
A\ nilnmn, i05.
Hat Manufacturk (lUnslratioin of> -vi. Gaimcs, San-
ders, & Niihol, 57, .^ij. XV '' isty & Co., 35.
Stainlmrn Si H.ingli, 58.
Hatband Caps viii. .\lleii i Co., 20.', xi. Lincoln &
Konnett, 57. xx. Aslmifaii & Tyltr, 53. Aslilon &
Sons, 5J. llarbcr, 57. Barfonl, 170. Ik'cslon, lfi'2A.
Berui & M.'lliar.l, 103. U.'liel, Ware & Co., rH.
Hrann, 61a. Uranml. 06. larriii/lon, S. & T., 120.
Cleniei & So is, 15G. I )anilo. Sons Jk Co., 50. D.irling,
131. Davlei, '216. Dietrich, 56. Kliiott & ooper,
172. y.velpi;;b & S m, 104. FelU & C(. , 51a.
Gaimes, Suiilt.), ^>. XicIljI, 57, 59. Garr<iril, U. &
J., 01. Gregory, Cnuiii .'''„ f. o., 8. .Ioli!iMin &Ci., 48.
Lauglitanil, 114. '.ees, Ml/,, hawf,, 10a Mason,
157. Molton, 54. Midtllebiook. l-.'3. M,illady .t
Sons, 1 25. Ritchie, 145. Smith & Ci., 55. Thoin))-
»on&C)., 192. Tres.s& Co., 10.', White, 51. Zox,
59. xxvui. Clarksun, 197.
Alijeri'i, Algiers, Dele^Mte of, 58.
Austria, Hnbsdi, 3.')2. Krise, 353. JInck, 35 1. Srba, 355.
Behjiam, Ancliianx, 344. Jacqnot, 347. Lievain, 351.
\'an Nieuveulwr};, Brothers, 343. JJriizH, Mornay, 3.
South Africa, Deane & Johnson, 19.
France, Badin, 1003. Baton & Son, 1009. Cheoard,
Brothers, 87. Coupin, 1102. Doiiat & Co., 119:!.
Duchene, 1198. Ernoux, 403. Lambert & Sun, 1289.
I^jeniie, 1314.
Hamhuryh, Caken, 34. Cohn, 42. Coijar, 35.
Hanover, Wagner, 7. India, xv. xxvui.
New Zealand, St. Johirs Colieg". 7.
Portugal, Borges, 973-977. Kirsh, 085, 986. Roxo,
978-984. Itusaia, Fitzner, 271.
Spain, nelnioiite, 250. Sweden, Ericsson & Co., lOG.
Switzerland, Jeannertf, 38.
Tunis, 10. 7'iirliei/,
United Stalls, Genin, 232. Leary & Ci., 130. Oak-
ford, 45. Western Africa, Malson, 9.
Zollvereiii (I), Freystailt, Urotliers, 178. Israel, 754.
Leimkiieler, 398. Uoessler, 397. Knps, 613. Solimidt
& Sons, 700. Seldis, 181. Yassel & C >., 180. (0),
Schuchard, 19. See also Plushes {for Ilals, ^-c.).
Hats, Straw, &-c.— xx. Cooper, I. J. & G., 172a. Elliott,
172. Aitstiia, Faller, Fritsclieller & Co., 650.
Jirilish (luiana, Harkly, 70,
C(i«(/(/(/, Counnissioner^, 3.19. Malta, Villa, Fialelli, 5.
Spain, Settler, 2r2A.
New South Walts, Webiter, 23.
Vai' lUemen's /,(!«(/, Syinondi, 271-278.
Western Africa, lleecliani, 12. liiiltuii ft. Sum, 6.
»lcWillMiin. Zollvertin (1), Faller & Co., 419.
UaUTHovs— .^'ce Oluies.
II AV Hil<linm, Vaiiilen Abeele, 42.
Hav Cart (Model) xxix. Spralt, liL
IIaymakinu Mac'iiiniih IX. Barrett, 1. ill & Andrews,
128. (iraiit cSc Co., :67. Smith & Co., 2 14. Wedlake
& Co., 127.
Hay and Straw Cittino MAOtivv^-ix. Uiiilttiiliiirtl,
W. & J., 61. Smith, A. & V; . i(t C I., 206. St« ului
('ha(r-cuttinii M icliines,
Hay-Backs (forSheep) -IX. IpiUI. 277.
Hay-I{aki:s (Horse). >'ee Ilahfs, Horse.
Hav-Safkro.n -II. Keating, 102.
Hkalu-makino MaciiinI'^s VI. Jndkiiii, 53.
Hearth AND OTHKR Hids— xvi. Clapham, 9. CUrk, C.
Ik J., 48. Dick, 311. Poland »(. Co., 30'2. Holiln«on,
7. Bootl & Co., 40. XIX. ivis, 395. Ho.ioni,
100. Briiitun ainl Sona, 1 lU. i ulace, U. X J., 100.
Fortnne, 168. Lawioii, 235a, 325. M'Farlane,
Brothers, 2 13. XXVIII. School fur the Indigent Blind,
100. S'e a\io (Jarpets. Cai riaije liiiijs.
IIkartii Iti'GS (Designs for) -xn;. lluiison, 188,
Ukatino Apparatus— /•>««(•?, Piinont, 1391. .SVe nisn
Almopi/res. Gas Cvohimj and Warminij Apparatus.
Jfnt-a'r Apparatus. Ilol-water Apparatus,
IIeDc.i:8 (Models)— IX. Jennisun, 70.
Hkiuelrkro Castle (Model) — Oldenhurj, Cikssebohm, I .
Hkuourapiiic Prints France, Blanquart, 1551.
Hei.MK.ts — See Militaril Accoutrements.
HEMMiN'i-MAciiiNES —France, Seneclml, 373.
IIkmp (iiiclnding mainifactures thereof) XIV. Bridporl
Local Committee, 73. Jameson I'b Co., OU. XXVlll.
Bevington & Morris, 38. Treluar, 39. Wuudlieud,
191.
Austria, nirnbaum, 95. llermannstadt I'opemakers'
Association, 277. Jagcr, 278. I'ai6cli, Brothers, 279.
liahamas, Thompson.
liehiinm, Gilta, 105. Van Bogaert, 107. Van Riet,
103. Verhelst, 102. <'</«(/(/(/, (irice, 71.
South Africa, Waterineyer, 17.
China. IJIUpt, 152.
France, Joubert-Bonnaire & Co., 832. Laine-Laroclie &
Ma. ,280. Leclerc, Brothers, 576.
India, 1 .'.
Portugal, Palmella, Duke of, 530-532.
Rome, Centre Chamber of Commerce, 9. Minglieiti, 10.
7i'i/s<ti((, FilemonolV, 103. Kraslienenerofl', 100. Milni-
kolV-Gloushkoir, 212. Milnikoir-GloutlikolV, M., 211.
Milnikotl-GloushkolV, P., 213. Vulkhonsky, Prince,
109.
Spain, 154, 155, 157, 158. Caldenm, 152. Ciutellon
Corporation, 153, 194. Diez de Itibera, 17'2. Hip-
alda, Count, 163.
Turheij. United States, Dix, 139. Wliite, 397.
Western Africa, Tniiler, 5.
Zidlcerein (I), Bin b.icli, Brothers, 799. Doebel, 5J7.
Haoch, 792. Kisker, 553. Krieg, 88«. Verein, 790.
(2), Braun, 39. See nUn Flajc, Oahum. Jioim and
Cordage. String and Twine. Tow.
IIkmp-dressino Machines t'Hi/e(i Stales, William*, 14.
Hemp Palm— CViina, Kast India Company.
Hk.n'Bane, KxTitACT OF— II, Tnstian, 97.
Heraldic Kncraviso— xxiii. Matthewi, 05. See also
Armorial Hearings.
IlERnARiUM— r«iV((/ Stnir.<i, Chase, 09.
Herds and Roots - ii. McCuUoch, 96.
Hereford Cathedral (Lectern fur)- Main Avenue,
West, Potter, 03.
Hermetic Taps — France, Frinault, 1603.
Hides -See Leather and Hides.
Hide-hollinu Machine- -v. Newcombe, 205.
Highland Dresses and Ornaments -xx. Macdongull,
83. xxiil. Marshall & Sous, 23. Meyer & Moninicr,
47.
llmiiLAND (tAMEs (Model)— XXX. (Fine Art Court) An-
derson, 189.
DEHf'UIBED IN THE CATALOGUE.
Ixvii
iiituii <C Soiii, l>.
«( C»., -Hi).
RaaU Ac Aniln'wa,
DtK.S:)!. .\V«.llake
4 IX. Hiiilciilinrit,
[' I., JtiO. iSt'o uU»
7.
He.
iii», 52.
)li»ni, t». CUrk, C.
',o.y 'Mt'i. UoliiiKon,
t'm, 31I.X Ho.liini,
Hliico, U. \ J., Hit).
32S. M'Farliim-,
llie Indigent Illiiiil,
moil, IH8.
lit, I3U1. See nho
'armimi Apiniralus.
pixinitiin,
biirij, Ciiuvliuhm,! .
Klimrt, l&Cil.
il", 373.
)!') XIV. Ilr'ulpin'l
& Co., tiO. xxviii.
iir, 39. Wooilheail,
istailt Itoix-inakprs'
iiskIi, HiollitTS, ii7'J.
f, 107. Von Rirt,
rice, 71.
Laiiie-Laroclie &
-2.
, it. MiiiBliolli, 10.
iHTofl; 100. Miliii-
[iloiiniikolV, M., 'Jll.
ulklioiisky, I'riiicf,
Li, 152. Ciislelliin
Uilieru, 172. Ui|<-
|\Vliit»', 397.
^99. Doeliel, 517.
[lS8«. Verciii, 7!)0.
[>((Amm. it'i'/w niui
m\
l(((<es, Williams, 14.
Iiiuiy.
lewi, 95. See aUu
I) - Main Avenue,
)9.
le, 205.
1-xx. MaciloiiRull,
kleyer & Morliiuer,
Lo Alt Court) Aii-
IltNAi, on Indian V xnn — Sucieli/ Mamlii, yueeii I'o-
mure, 4,
IIiNOKM (VARiODi)— XXII. Hariiaril k Hitliop, 34, Col-
llnKe & Co., 573. Gerliln, 652. Giilloii, (151. Ilai-
Um, 421 riiriipi., 07fi Wliitley, 056.
IIoEH- IX. Uufour & Co,, 1:4a, 8|>iir(|io, 2.W. Warren,
257
Hoes. Horxk -ix. Barker, 230. Hentall, 217. Uiuliy, 15.
Comir.*, 143. CroMkill, 135. Crowley & Sim», !»(>.
Garrett &Soni, 142. Gray & Sonii, 150. I In ken, 23.
Sainuelioii, 185. Smitli, 270. Wedlake& Co , 127.
HoEH, Turnip -IX. Groumell, 148.
IloiSTlNO-MAL'HiNKH V. (treiitorex, 415.
Holy-Wateb Vks-skw *>« Kcili'sittalical Furnuure.
IIoM(Koi>ATiiir Mkdicine Casks- XVI. Allen, 31).
IIonk-Stones and Hones— I. Row, 41. Scrampton, 1)2
Solomon, 81. Tlmrne, 475.
Behiiim, Gnillaume, 1, I^Amlierty, 3. OPVrgelil, 4.
dtte, 2. Iiuliu, I. Trinidiul, Lord Harris, tl).
Van Diemen'a Lund, MilliKan. 79.
IIoNKY AND HoNKVfoMn-iii. Ijciitlcy, 4. Doul)le<lay, 2.
Duttoii, 6. Fortniv.n, Miuon, & Co., 55, Kilclivner,
5. LiKlilon. 1. Weutlierley, 27.
Austria, Carniolian Agricultural Society, 70.
Jil'.tiali (iiiiana, liee, 124. C'limJa, Lyiiam, 131.
Smith ^rica, Jonlierf, 52. I'aardeberg, 7.
Cei/loH. Eyupt, 56, 50, 61, 02.
France, Cliailloux & Co., 1553. Langier. 1640.
(ireece, Kiibflon, Uiahop of, 14. Tailzemliakoa, 13.
India, il. Madeira, Head, 1. I'ortuyul, 593-598.
Sardinia, Guiso, 23.
*))0(», Aliad 181. Heiijumeu, 1S5, 189a. Cenlencra,
184. C.ilmenero, 182. Kscnilero, 183. lluelva,
13'Jc. Ubot, 105. Molina, ISO.
ri/nis, 155, 163. Turkeu.
Van Diemen'a Land, Kenton, 330. Rout, 291. Str
alio lieeHivax.
HoNEV (ApparatuD for obtaining)— III. Kitchener, 5. See
also UecliivcH.
HoNKYCOMUs, AiiTiFiciAi. — France, Damainville, 153.
Honna-Leaves— 7>(Hi/), 85,
HOOK.VIIS— //It/lrt, XXV. XXVIII.
H00K8 and Kye8 — XXII. Hardinan & IlifTe, 28L Woods,
33. France, Hue, 2(i9.
Hops— I. Paine, 36. ill. Aihlmrnham, 60. AHfieUl, 01.
Goldiiig, 63. Maaters, 65. Paine, 62. Hicliardsun
& Sons, 50.
Auntria, Sclinefel, 99. Von Walli», 93
Beluimn, Degryse, 63. De Quidt, G4. Lava, 'iOO.
Van Merris, 65.
Canada, Pcnner, 65. Smith, 64. New 2!ealand, 39.
Van Diemens Land, Smitli, 78.
Zollverein (6), Stein & Schroeder, 81.
IIop-Baogino Machines — ix, Elliott, 144a. Plenty, J.
& K„ 272. Wheeler, 216a. Woodbourne, 76.
Hop Fungus— III. Plomley, 64.
Hop Separating Machines— xxii. Collins, 88
Hop Talues— X. HicharUson, 264.
Horn (Articles in) — Turkey.
Zollverein (8), Montag, 11. See also Horn Carvings,
Horn Carvings- Swi7*er/unrf, Uelfsclii, 236.
Horn Paintings — Hamburgh, Cornides, 101.
Horn, Stained (to imitate tortoiseshcll)— win. Hitch, 59.
Horniilendb — I. Liitkeard Committee, 513.
IIoHNS (Animal) — Canada, Tliompson, 99.
Siinlh Africa, Bridges, 'J I. Honbury, 28. Mee'.T, 16.
Watson, 5S. Ceylon.
Fgi/nt, 113. U-l, 117-119, 124, 125. Lidia, iv.
Turkeu. United Slates, Goddard, 537.
Horns (Musical liistrnnients)— .S'ee Trumpets and Horns.
HoRSE-noxES, Railway— IX. Lydes, 141.
Horse & Cattle Medicines -Sec Veterinary Medicines.
HoRSE-CioTHiNO— XII. & XV. Gandy, 216. Hagues &
Co., 25. Whitworth & Son, 56. Wilson, J. & W.,
245. XIV. Morrison & Horn, 49.
Austria, Maurer, 200. Canada, Gamble, 139.
noRSE-HAiB— IV. Blyth, Hamilton, & Blyth, 00.
Uehjium, HuuseiisHap, 257. Kistemaeckers, 270. Somze-
Miihy, 205.
Hamburgh, Meyer, 105. Netherlands, Catz & Co., 30.
/luuia, Uetrunlc 'vnikol1-8ol(ol<ilT, 248. Ivaniifl', iiJO.
Kondriall^ell-Jaileiiaflsky, 340.
Suitterlaiid, Florter k liiiholier, 2)1. Roth, Si3.
Van Diemni \ J.'iml, Itoat, 212.
Zollverein (1). Fndir.kar, .J'JO.
IIORNKIIAIR CumiKS-LINEH XIV, Willi, E. & T., 70.
HoRNEHAiR Lace- Switzfrland, Sulilierger H .'Mtermanii,
231,
HohmehaihTkxtiirex XIV. Wall, E. &T., 70.
Uehjium, Kislemoeckeri, 270.
France, Uelacour, 472,
Zollcfrein (1), Mengcii, 581.
lioiiMK-powER Macuin>:s (Undescrilied) —France, Poiiyer,
967.
United States, Eddy & Co., 523.
HoRHE-HiioRH - V. Hiilines ^ Co., 672. xxil. Cliopping
&Co., II. Co»k. 16. Fogarthy, 1,3. Guy, 4. IlilU
man, 15. H»lines, 12. Miles, 9. i'lunilpy, 1*.
Stevens, 7. Wliite'iead, 10. Woudin, 8.
Zollverein (2), Grotlmaii, 55.
HoHHi iioES (Tem|)<ir«ry) -X. MacMahnn, 60Id,
HoiiNi -iioEiso, GiiTTA Perciia— XXVIII. Ht^ens, 195.
lIoit^K-MuoElNCi Tools IX. Barrett, Exall, Si Andrews,
' .'■«.
Hoi. s CijctjiK—Huisin, Khirghi*, 2*R.
11(1' KKTH, Instrument tor operating on— x.
., ,, 1)4.5, 710,
Hon ,.- Wheel— V. Warner & Sons, 424.
lIoRTiciJLTUiiAL Implemknth - IX. Rates, 186. Ebln,
56a. Senders, 2U9ii. Sinilli, 222. Wiiiton, 259a.
XXII. lircKiket Ik Son, 110a. Kyre .<^ Co., 2ii3.
Marsden & Co., 169. Skeltons, 220. Sorby & Sons,
■M)4. Tlioman, .138. Thornliill, 2.
Austria, Lolikowit/., Prince, 454.
/Wi/ii/m, Le Dicte, 161. i-Vnflce, Aridieiter, 753.
/m/i<i, IX. iSVt<ier/(im/, Choi let, 7ti.
Tutcani/, Marreti, 06a.
United'States, Allen & Co., 97.
Zollverein (1), Scheller & Welier, 663. See alio Agri-
cultural Imphments. Flotcer- Stands, (t'arden Fn-
yines. Garden Pots and Stands. Sci/thes.
Hose for Fire-Engines— v. Merry weather, 401. Sliand
& Mason, 410. ix. Burgess & Key, 2.37,
Hosiery— XII, & xv. Burgess & Co., 243. Dicksons &
Luings, 23L Garvie & Dios, 227, Reid .<^ Son, 481.
Standen & Co., 281. XIX. Hollins, 30. Irish Work
Society, 77. xx. Allan & Sully, 100, Aiigrave, Bro-
thers, 202. Baines, 200, Barnes, T, & G., 27, Beale
& I,atchmore, 204, Biddle, 207, Biggs & Sons, 205.
Billsnn & Hames, 201. Biadshaw, 39, Brie & Co.,
24. Cartwrigbt & Warners, 196, Carver & Gilbert,
98, Corah & Sons, 208, Farrange, 176, Foster
Porter, & Co,, 2, Fry, 193, Furley, 94, Gleiiny,
37, Iladden & Sons, 134, Holland & Co., 194,
Hollins, 96, Homan&Cu,, 17, Hudson, 199, Hurst
8c Sons, 99, Johnston, 128a, Kaye &Co., 140, Laing,
133, Lart & Son, 81. Morley, I. & R,, 101. Muir
& a»,, 146, Neville & Co., 7, 20. Paterson, 19,
129. Peart & Dosseter, 5. Pope & Plunte, 6. Roy,
136. Sandland & Ciaiie, 38, Shaw, 91, Taylor,
3. Taylor & Beales, 197. Thompson & Co., 192,
Thresher & Glennv. 79. Thurman & C"., 92. Ward
& Sons, 203. Ward, Strut, & Co., 195. Weather-
head, 33. Welch & Co., 2 12. Wheeler, 206, Wheel-
ler & Ablett, 22, Whitehead & Son, 139. Wilhier,
44a. Wilson & Son, 183.
Austria, Budinsky, 39.3.
France, Cochois & Cidlii, 124. Esprit & Noye, 499.
Laiiret, Brothers, 903. Milon, 930. Trotte, 701.
New South Wales, Morrison, 25.
i'ortwiyoZ, Jorge, 908, I.K)ureiro, 727. Parreira, 1109,
1170,
Russia, Narimoff, 193,
South Australia, Webster, 3.
S'()i<?er/rtH(/, Bdlly &Co,, 210. Frey, 212. Turkei/.
United States, Titovin, no. Peck, 248,
Van J)iemen's Land, Queen's Orphan Schools, 138-141,
Zollverein (1), Kohlstadt, 400. Krocker & Son, 753.
Schopper, C. F., 758. Scliop|ier, F., 75". Welieii-
durler. Brothers, 759. Z>innieiiii»n & Sun, 718. (3),
.f 2
IMAGE EVALUATION
TEST TARGET (MT-3)
?•
^
M/
A*
y.*^
*\^
1.0
1.1
liiM2.8
■ 2.2
l25 III 1.4
1^
11 1.6
6"
HiotDgraphic
Sciences
Corporation
23 west MAIN STREET
WfSSTER.N.Y. MSSO
(7t6)S73-4S03
^V
4
'^
'i
IxviU
ALt>HABETICAL AND CLASSIFIED LIST OF AIITICLES
i
United Merchant Manufacturers, 72-83. (4), Hill,
Haaii, & Co., 53. Rrlim, 34.
HoBiERT iMona— France, Bertlielot, 422.
Hosiery Yarns— xi. HoUiiw & Cu., 1, 36. xii. & xv.
Fox, Brotliera, & Co., 7.
HosPiTAii (Model of )— XXX. (Fine Art Court), Merrett,
171
HoT-AiR Apparatus— V. Green, 63.
Untied States, Perkiiu, 472.
Hot- Air Ovens — United Statei, Rodriguez, 48S.
Hot-Watbr Apparatus — v. Hill, 94. ix. Hannell, 2i)4.
Weeks & Co., 248a. xxii. Dale, SO I . Garton & Jarvix,
483. Tozer, 390. xxix. Frost, 34.
United States, Perkins, 341.
Houses (Models cf^ — i. George, 213. vii. McLaclilan,
181. Melrojiolitaii AMociatiou for Improving the
Dwellings of the Inriustrious Classes, 172. xxix.
Lascelles, 123. xxx. (Fine Art Court) Harrison, 180.
Pearse, 32.
British Guiana, Barkley, 133. Colling, 162. India,yn.
See also Cottages, Lahoiirers'.
House Decorations (Designs for)— xvin. Glovjr, 92.
XXVI. Home, 32. Moxon, 252. Turner & Co., 320,
xxx. (Fine Art Court), Pupwortb, W. & J. W.,
22a.
Howoabs — State Howdahsand Palanquins presented to her
Majesty. India, and page 847,
Howitzers — See Cannon, ^c.
HuDDERSFiEUt ViAOUCT (Model)— VII. Rok-bnck, 30.
Human and Animai. Bioob— France, Brocchieri, 74.
jikEealsu Albumen of Blood.
Humheujno-machines— IX. Garrett & Sons, 142. .See
also Barleif-HummKllers.
Hunting KmvEa—See Cutlery.
huNTiNO AND Shooting Bags and "Hism—Zollverein (1),
Zeschke, 239.
Hurdle or Gate-making Machines— ix. Burrull, 37.
Htacinth Glasses and S'tpports — xxii. Tye, 314.
Hvdrant, or Firb-Cock— xxii. Guest & Clirimes, 524.
United States, Bartholomew, 333.
Hydraulic Battery- x. Brelt, 422.
Hydraulic Cement — Western End, South Enclosure
(Outside), Tuwier, 27. Canada, Logan, 1.
Netherlands, Maas, 4. Portugal, 1 16.
Hydraulic Clock— /^Vance, Tift'ereau, 1042,
Hydraulic Crane— v. Armstrong, 44. ScotI, 98.
HfDRAULic Engines- V, Slialders, 402. Sliaw, 113.
Hydraulic Foot-warmer— Jra/ice, Viguier. 729.
Hydraulic Lamp--x. Taylor, 672.
Hydraulic Locomotive— v. Erskine, 100.
Hydraulic Machines— v. Armstrong, 44. Scott, 98.
France, De Cali.nny, 101. Fontaine, 1227. Leclerc,
299. Moison, 1338.
Jersey and Guernsey, Seignuret, 3.
Hydraulic Presses- v. Bank Quay Foundry Coropaiiy,
412. Greatorex, 413. Jackson, 682,
Hydraulic Ram- v. Eoslon & Amoa, 408. Roe, 462.
United States, Gatchel, 468.
Hydrauuc Valves and Seats— v. Carneli & Hosking,
201.
Hydrochloric Acm— Sardinia, Selopis, Brothers, 4.
Hydro-Electric Machines— VI. Watson, 165. Sweden,
Bei'f^trom, 8.i. Zollverein (2), Ozann, 87.
Hydro Extractor— JFrance, Bpzault & Co. 425.
Hydrographic ENGRAviNos—FrflMce, Collin, 126.
Hydrograpbic Instruments- France, Keller, 280.
Hydrometers— X. Aclund, 368. Baker, 396. Durham,
608. Griffin & Co., 457. Numi, 371.
France, Arrera, 752. United States, Eakins, 236,
Zollverein (4), Kinzelback, 26. See also Spirit Meters.
Water Meters.
Hydrometers (Scales for making)- x. Acland, 368.
Hydro-Pneumatic Apparatus— x. Stathum,436.
Hydro-Pneumatic Elevators —vii. Watt, 20.
Hydro-Pneujiatic Engine -v. Jenkins, 88.
Hydro- Pneumatic Lire for Canal Locks— v. I.*d-
l.itfer, fi JO. VII. Watt, 20.
Hydro-Pneumatic Ship Lift -vii. Watt, 20.
Hydrostatic Balances, &c.— x. I)e Grave, Sliurt, &
Fuinior, 333.
Hydrostatic Presses & Apparatus— v. Burgess, 471.
Firth, 472. vi. Cottam & Hallen, 221. viii. Gale, 79.
Hygrometers— X. Negretti & Zambra, 160a. Newman,
674.
Hymn for all Nations— (in thirty languages) xvii.
tiiettell, 169.
Ice-Boat8 (tin Sav:no Life from Drowning)— vnx.
Royal Humane Society, 13.
IcE-Box— XXII. Keith, 001.
Ice-Cream Freezer — United Slates, Fryer, 372.
IcE-MAKiNO Machines— France, Fumet, 513.
United Stales, Asher, .355, 372.
Ice-Plane- XXII. Keith, 601.
Ice Safes— Keith, 601 . Wenham Lake Ice Company, 600.
Illuminated Designs, Missals, &c.— xvii. Hood, 157.
xxx. (Fine Art Court) Beeson, 11 1a.
China, Buileau, France, De Bastard, 1717.
Illustrated Books— See Books, lUustraied.
Ihpuuoria— V. Crestadora, 537.
Incense — Trinidad, Lord Harris.
Inclines, mode of auisting Carriages up and down — v.
Snowden, 388.
Incuuation (Models of)— X, Dinsdale, 718.
India Paper (Substitute for) — xxx. (Fine Art Court)
Leith, 114.
India-rubber Manufactures— See Caoutchouc.
Indian Blue— ii. Estcourt, Vn,
Indian Curiosities, &c. — Her Majesty the Queen, page
847. British Guiana, Barkly, 133. Colling, 162.
Canada, Indians of Lorette, 177.
India, xxx. Nova Scotia, Central Committee, 2.
United States, Davis, 563.
Indian Ink— CAtna, Copland. Reeves, J. Reeves, J. R.
Zollverein (1), Diesel & Co., 882.
Indicating Levels (Engineers')— x. BIyth, 367. Ca-
meron, 336.
Indigo— 11. Marshall, 68. m. Colman, 117. rv. Cuovey,
70.
Austria, Fiala, 23. China. East India Company.
Egypt, 79. India, iv. T^mis, 16-17,
Western Africa, Beecham, 12.
Zollverein (I), Krimmelbein & Bredt, 457.
Infusion Appai.atus— ii. Squire, 93.
Infusions, Medicinal. See Decoctions and Infusions.
Inhaber Eines, Patent and other Fabrics — xxviu. Fors-
ter, 17tJ.
Inks — xvn. Galbraith, 179. Hawthorne, 7. Lines & Co.,
168. Lovi^joy, 176. Peckerd, 110. Stokes, 80. Todd,
119. XXIX. Kde&Co., 18. Galbraith, 17,
Austria, Halla & Co., 54.
France, T..arenaudiere, 1294.
Hanover, Hostmann, 2. Itidia, xxix.
Sardinia, Bo, 19. Tunis, 81.
United States, Maynard & Noyes, 443.
Zollverein (2), Sammet, 30.
Ink for the Bund— xvii. Edinburgh School fur tlie
Blind, 170.
Ink-Bottles— xvii. Isaac, 165.
Ink- Lithography ^Specimens oO— xxx. (Fine ArtCourl)
Leiiibton, 59.
Ink, Marking— ii. Pouting, 25. xvii. Swann, 133. '^
Ink-Powder— XVII. To<ld, 119.
Ink, Printers' — xvii. Parsons & Co., 31.
Inkstands — vi. Murdan & Co., 203. Cole, 31. zxii. Ed-
wards, 343. xxiii. Cartwright & Hiron, 30. Mayer,
14. Mortimer, 13. xxiv. Wood & Perkes, 7. xxvi.
England, 526. Howell & Co., 190a. North, 257.
Lxxvil. Rowlands, 63. xxvill. Mallandain St Co., 108
XXIX. Strudwick, 42. Turkey.
Ionian Islands, Ward, 6.
Inlaid Flooring— xxvi. Cowell & Co., 526,
Austria, Leistler, 663. Bussia, i!tlillvr, 299. See also
Parqueterie Flooring.
Inlaid Woods (Imitation of )— xxvi. Davis, 329. Fon-
nereau, 40. xxx. (Fine Art Court) Bonnar & Carfrae,
314.
Inlaid Work— xxviii. Peters & Son, 131. xxx. (Fine
Alt Court) Carrick 93. Millbank, 99. Sutton, 106.
Ceylon, Kitchin,
-V. Burgess, 471.
1. VIII. Gale, 79.
160a. Newman,
languages) xvil.
ROWKiNo)— vni.
ryer, 372.
«,513.
(
[ce Company, 600.
-XVII. Hood, 157.
lU.
1717.
traled.
up and doiTD — v.
718.
(Fine Art Court)
aoutchouc.
y tlie Queen, page
. Colling, 162.
' 1
1
ommittee, 2.
, J. Reeves, J. R.
Blyth, 367. Ca-
' i
ll 7. rv. Coovey,
lia Company.
; t
DESCRIBia) IN THE CATALOOUE!.
Ixfx
457.
and Infusions.
Im — xxviu. Fors-
7. Lines & Co.,
Stukes, 80. Todd,
iti), 17.
I School for the
, (Fine ArtCouri)
Swonn, 159. ^
II.
e, 31. ZXIl. Ed-
iron, 30. Mayer,
Perkes, 7. xxvi.
Oa, North, 257.
andain&Co., 1U8
,526.
299.
See also
)avis, 329. Fon-
ioiinar & Carfrar,
31. XXX. (Fine
Sutton, 109.
Hamburgh, Faulwasier, 71. Loose, C. L, 74. Loose,
J. H., 79. Rampendahl, 70. Werner & Piglbein, 79.
Sardinia, Bertinetti, 61. Capello, 64,
l^ain, Medina, 270. Perei, 271a.
Sweden, Dumratb, 60.
Tuscany, Muuettl, 90. Polli, 89.
Van Uiemen's Land, M'Naughten, 192.
Zolluerein (1), Praetorius, 853. Se» also Buhl Work.
Mosaic Work.
Insects, Collections of — New Zealand, Moore, 37.
Van Diemen'i Land, Co*, 280.
Zollverein (4), Noerdlinger, 11.
Insects, Fumioatino Apparatus for Kilunq — vii.
Boulauger, 108. ix. Brown, 01. xxil. English,
572. See also Vermin Destroyer.
Instruction Tables— Jiw-sey and Guernsey, Messervy,
1 1. White, 12.
Instrumental Performers (Instruments for giving
strengtii, &c,, to the Angers of) — x. Andrews, 591.
Edwards & Son, 916.
Intaglios— XXX. (Fine Art Court) Butters, 290. War-
ner, 279. Wilson, 319.
Intaouos, (Mode of taking Impressions from) — xvii.
Hyde & Co., 21.
Invalid Bed Carruoes— v. Willoughby, 992. xxvi.
Ridge, 8.
Invalid Beds, Chairs, &c.— x. Chapman & Alderman,
601c. Gray, 724. Greenhow, 630. Lee, 614. W«iss
& Son, 631. XXII. Jeflcoat, 755. Savage, 56. Tippen,
41-2. XXVI. Gilbert & Co., 130. Minter, 211. Town-
shend, 2a. See also Chairs, Invalid.
Invalid Wheel-Chairs— v. Dawson, 830. Heath, 868.
Jordan, 888. Newnham, 928. Ward, 997.
Iodine— II. Bullock & Co. 37. Howards & Kent, 11.
Huskisson, J. W. & H., 86. Ward, 89. Ward & Co.,
94. Watt, 32.
France, Cournerie & Co., 462.
Zollverein (1), Prussian Chemical Manufactory, 683.
Ipecacuanha — ii. Lamplough, 71.
Iridiua— I. Johnson & Matthey, 477.
Irish Gold and Silver — x. Donegan, 92.
Irisii Jewellery — xxii. Waterhouse, G. & S., 20. West
& Sun, 19. xxiii. Bennett, 18. Cunnell,16. Mos-
ley, 17. xxvin. Griffith, 192.
Iron (Various)- i. Butterley Iron Co., 400. Crutwell &
Co., 402. Solly & Co., 410. ii. Howards & Kent, 1 1 .
V. Coalbrook Dale Company, 641. xxii. Johnson &
Co., 109. Solly, 298. Whitehouse & Co., 667.
Austria, Schwarzenburg, Prince, 417. Thum, Cuunt,
419. Topper, 411. Caimdo, Ferrier, 9.
Jrance, Festugiere & Co., 1721. Gallicher & Co., 229.
Masrat, 920.
Nova Scotia, Acadian Iron Mining Association, I. Ar-
chibald, 2.
Bussia, Perm Imperial Copper Works, 6. Votkinsk Iron
Works, 13. Sardinia, Grange, 1.
Spain, Cerain, 1 . Giro, 23. Pedro De Araya's Factory,
Director of, 12. TVnw, 31, 33, 34. Dirkey.
United Slates, Adirondac Manufacturing Co., 344.
Darling, 191. Farrington, 286.
Zollverein (2), Gienanlh, Brothers, 95.
Iron Abutments and Tt-nsion Rodp on Piers- vii. Mor-
rell. 59.
Iron, Bar— i. Bird & Co., 41 1. v. Coalbrook Dale Com-
pany, 641. Eastwoo<l & Frost, 672. vii. Royal
Scottish Society of Arts, 29. xxii. Fisher & Bramall,
206. Perry, 61.
Austria, Andrassy, Count, 419. Bouquoi, Count, 414.
Lindheim, 422. Zois, 409. France, Lapeyriere, 1710.
India, I.
Swedem and Norway, Floo<l, 7. Lagerhjelm, 1. Tres-
chow, 36. Zollverein (8), Lassen, 2.
Iron, Bloom of— xxii. Bateman, 84. India, i.
Sweden and Norway, Lagerhjelm, 1.
Iron, Cast— i. Stirlmg, 428.
Austria, Vienna Depot of the Imperial Iron Jlines and
Iron Works, 408. ^r^^'ifm, Pommerueil Fourneanx, 6.
France, Morel, Brothers, 1666. Moul Brothers, 1734.
Russia, Kamensk Iron Works, 8. Satkinsk Iron Works,
17. Spain, Peilroso Iron Company, 24.
Tuscany, Follonica Royal Foundry, 73.
Zollverein (1), Vorster, 446. (b). Lessen, 2. See also
Iron Castings.
Iron, Cast, Testinq-macbine— vi. Stewart & Co. 238.
Iron Castings — i. Wingerworth Iron Company, 416.
V. Coalbrook Dale Company, 641. vn. Clark, 8. xxn.
Bramall & Co., 693. Coalbrook Dale Comiiany, 611
(Main Avenue, West). Gidney, 996. Hanaysiile, 82
(Main Avenue, West, 85). xxx. (Fine Art Court)
Baity & Sons, 308. Sherwood Iron Works, 138.
.^lusfrta, Fischer, 421. Kitscbelt, 434. Salm, Prince, 430
(Main Avenue, East). Belgium, De Latour, 353.
Muncheur, 366.
France^ Andre, 1053. Muehl-Wabl & Co., 934.
New Zealand, Bourne, 35.
Nova Scotia, Central Committee, 2.
Zollverein (I), Berlin Royal Prussian Iron Foundry, 271
(Main Avenue, East). Drake, 273 (Main Avenue,
East). Jacobi, 833. Malapane Royal Prussian Iron
Works, 2. Schlegelmilch, 643.
Iron, Chemical Preparations of — ii. Huskisson, J. W,
& H., 86.
Iron, Chrohate of — India, i.
Sweden and Norway, Garmann, 38.
Iron, Fagotted- xxii. Warden, 368.
Iron Flooring — United Slates, Lawrence, 916.
Iron-Foundino (Instrument for illuminating moulds in),
X, Jr.rdan, '289.
Iron Furniture— France, Oandillot & Co., 230. Trouchon,
19X2.
Iron Joists and Rafters (New method of joining to
wood, &c.) — VII. Boydell, 96.
Iron Lifting-Crabs- IX. Barrett, Exall, & Andrews, 128.
Iron Ochre — Canada, Duberger, 21. La Barre, 17.
Caron, 19. Hall, 18. Kelly, 22. Logan,]. Seer, 16.
Turkey.
Iron Orf.s — Western End, South Enclosure '(Outside),
Round, 136. I. Ainsworth, 422. Atkinson, 261.
Blackwell, 427. Cumming, 199. Drew, 449. Fal-
mouth 8c Penryn Local Committee, 163. Harrison &
Co., 409. Montague, 421. Moore, 408. Ross, 91.
Russell, 271. Schneider, 409. Sweetman, 40. Tay-
lor, 448. Thomas, 419. Tborne, 473. Ulverston
Mining Company, 420, Welborne, J.W., 470. Well-
borne, W. 447. Wingerworth Iron C!<>mpany, 416.
XXII. Bowling Iron Company, 83. Perry, 61.
Algeria, Beauregard, 4. Egger, Count, 401, 402.
Austria, Rauscher & Co. 403.
Belgium, Benoit, 369. De Hanseh, 23. Perard &
Mineur, 18.
Canot/a, Dickson, 3. Ferrier,9. Lancaster, 6. Logan, 1.
Marcotte, 8. Morin, 9. Proulx, 7. Wilson, 2.
South Africa, Greig, 96. Maitland Mines, 1.
Greece, \T. India, i. iVeto .BrunsmcA, Hutchison, 10.
New Zealand, Purchas, 23.
Nova Scotia, Central Committee, 2.
Russia, Alexaudrovsk Imperial Cannon Foundry, 2.
Spain, Almeria Mines, Inspector of, 13. Amor, 22.
Sweden and Norway, Grekasar Blast Furnace, 3. Helle-
fors Iron Works, 4. Lovenskiold, 39. Motala Works,
6. Norberg & Sather, 102. Osterby Iron Works, 6.
Rettig, 2. Uadeholm's Co. 117.
THnidad, Lord Harris. Tkirkey.
Tuscany, Volterra i>aU Manufactory, 2.
United States, Anderson & Co. 281. Cocke, 271.
James & Chapman, 181. I.«e, 332. Missouri Iron
Mountain Comjmny, 163. Patteson, 278. Rousseau,
314. Sims, 267. Swedish Iron Manufacturing Com-
pany, 320c.
Van Diemen's Land, Little, 310. Milligan, 263, 2G6.
267, 306.
Zb{2veretn (I), Bennighauss, 679. Dresler, 449. Ham-
block, 434. (8), Nassau Government Engineers of
Mines, I.
Iron, <1xide of — United States, Barton, 228.
Iron, Pig— i. Ainsworth, 422. Bird & Co., 411. Mon-
tague, 421. Schneider, 409. Wingerworth Iron
C'impany, 416. xxii. Fisher & Bramall, 200. Hird
& Co. 85. Perry, 61.
Austria, Fischer, 420. Kossuch, 406. Pillersee Imiierial
IlX
ALPHABETICAL AKD CLASSIFIED LIST OF ARTICLES
Smelting Worki, 407. Radmeiiter Community, 400.
Zoii 40S. B*lgium,Be\iT,20. Cjckeri), 119.
Catutia, Marmora Iron Coripaiiy, 4. India, I.
Bumia, Koudivinik Iron Works, 5. Verkhne-Tourinik
Ironworks, 12. Sweden and Norway, Lagethjelm, 1.
Uniled Slates, Detmuld, 66. Hopkins, 192. Morris,
Jones, & Co., 44,
Zollvtriin (I), Lohe Steel-work*, 324. Lohmann, 630.
MaegdtKprung Works, 682. (8), LaHcn, 2.
Ibom, Pbosfii vtb of— II. Greenish, 124. Canada, Lan-
caster, 6.
Ibon, Rolled — % Eastwood & Frost, 672, Mersey Iron
Cumpany, 64!)
Ibon-rollino Mai hikes— VII, Dobson, 114,
Zollverein (I), Ki ipp, 649,
Ibon Roofing— vn. Allen, 191, Turner, 7, xxii.
Tupper & Carr, 5.^0.
Ibon Safes— ZDl/verei.i (I), Aniheim, 189. Kolesch, 196.
See also Fire-proof Safes.
Iron, Salts of— ii. Hemingway^ 24,
Iron-8and— ilVirv Zealand, Collinson, 3. Smith, 14,
Van Diemen's Land, Abbot, 29u,
Ibon, Sheet and Plate— i, PbiUipt, Smith, & Co., SCO.
XXII. Perry, 61.
Belgium, Delloye, 376. Orban & Son, 372. Remade,
Perard, & Son, 371. Canada, Cheney, 15ft.
Sussia, Khamounitsky Iron Works, 20. Nijiie-Issetsk
Works, 16. Nijne-Tourinsk Iron Works. 10, Vsevo-
louky, 330a,
United States, Morrell, Stewart, & Co., 202.
Ibon Ships and Vessels (Contrivance for construction oO
—VII. Sadler, 61.
Iron Stampinos— xxii. Griffiths, 291.
Iron, Sulphate of — i. Samuel, 4b9A. ii. Bankart, 49.
Buckley, 4. Wilson, 6.
Austria, Hochberger, 14. China,
France, Bouxwiller Mines Com|jany, 376. Dupre, 183.
Portugal, Algoza, 63. Hirsch, 64. I^al, 69,
Sardinia, Selopis, Brothers, 4.
Iron Wares (generally)— I. Biddulph, 417. Wingerworth
Iron Company, 416. XXI. Nicholson, 87. xxii.
Clark & Co., 657.
France, Camion-Pierron, 790. Oucel, 824. Karcber &
Westerman, 1632. Martin, 614. India, xxu.
Portugal, Bacheley, 1019-1020. Spain, Zuluaga, 264.
Sweden and Norway, Bolinder, 56. Hallenius 8i Co., 1 1,
Motala Works, 6, S)»ngberg & Co, 11,
Uniled States, Perkins, 941.
2Mlverein (I), Assmann, 406. Eiusiede), 762. Kissing
& Mollmann, 617. Lt'hmann, 197. Scblegelmilch,
643. (6), Seebass, 50.
Iron Wares, Glazed— xxii. Sraallman & Co., 2.
Iron Wire (Coppered)— xxii. Curnforth, 322.
Iron-wire Netting— See If ire Netting, ^c.
Iron- wire Rope— See Wire Rope.
Iron, Wroi;gbt (including atticles made thereoO— i.
Wingerworth Iron Company, 416. vii. Nasmyth, 10)9.
XXII. Hardman & Co., 700. Hird & Co., 85, xxx.
(Fine Art Court) Crook, 97.
Austria, Furstenburg, Prince, 412.
Belgium, Chimay, Princeof, 370. Cuuillet Mines et Char-
bonages, 120. India, I.
JKiissia, Satkiiisk Iron Works, 17. Verkhne-Borantchiiisk
lion Works, H. _
ZoHverein (1), Gleiwitz Royal Prussian Smelting Works
and Iron Foundry, 1.
Iron, Wrought, Table of Weights of — v. Richard-
son, 618.
Ibonmongebv (Various)— xxii. Cope & Collinson, 255.
White, 200.
France, Cugnot, 99. Daiidoy, Maillard, Lucq & Co.,
491. Jacquemart, Brothers, 272. Japy, Brotliers, 275.
Morel, Brothers, 1666. See also Hardware.
Ibonstone— I. Bewick, 423. Bn>die, 54. Butterley Iron
Co., 400. Ebbw Vale Co, 112, Fariiley Co., 406,
Monkland Iron and Steel Cd., 426. Pagf , 425. xxii.
Fisher & Brumall, 206. Hird & Co,, 89.
Austria, Von ChristulniKg's Mining Co., 401.
Van Diemen's Land, Milligan, 2C4,
Western Africa, V^■eslo^, 1 ,
Zollverein (1), Benuinghauss, 679.'
Ibonstone Mines (at Dowlais, South Wales), Section of—
I. Dickinson, 414.
Ibrigatino Machines— IX. Burcbam, 35b. Wier, 123.
Bentley, 606. Belgium, Debaune, 131.
Isinglass— IV. Dawson & Morris, 118. Simpson & Co.,
117. Swinborne &Co., 119.
British Guiana, Morison and Knox, 123.
France, Faiusemagne, 1590. India, iv.
Eastern Archipelago, Hammond & Co., 2.
ifussia, Marinianott*, 81. Vsevolodowilcb, 338. Turkey.
Italian Paste — Portugal, 520, 527,
Sardinia, Giielfl, 94,
IvoRT— IV. Fauntleroy &Sons, 135. Belgium, Segbers, 110,
South Africa, Deane & Johnson, 19, Ceylon,
Turkey. See sAio Elephants' Teeth and Tusks. Vegetable
Ivory.
IvoBY (British) — xxvui. Brown, 49. xxx, (Fine Art
Court) Gear, 249.
IvoRT Black (for Printers, &c.)— xvii. Cahn, 69.
Zollverein (6), Michel & Morel], 16.
I VORT Carving andTurning—iv. Straight, 109. Tebbitt,
III. VI. Hollzapffel & Co., 232. xxviii. Hemphill,
158. Johnson, 15. Maunder, 28. Smith, 95. William,'
163. XXIX. Straight & Sons, 252. xxx. (Fine Art
C!ourt) Cheverton, 104. Jordan, 208. Lucas, 306.
Solomons, 69. Stirling, 186. Tobin, 171.
Austria, Dreher, 6U8. Ketterl, 668a. Ceylon.
China, Baring, Brothers. Hammond & Co. Hewett
& Co. Rawson, Sichart & Co. Denmark, Klingsey, 34.
JVonce, Laut«, 295. Tellier, 389. Wolf, 714.
Hamburgh, Meyer, 86. Rampeitdabi, 96. Zuber, 107.
India, xxviii. Persia, Thompson.
Portugal, Mularinho, 1236, Vieira, 1234, 1235.
Sweden, Danckwart, 48.
Tuscany, Bigptti, 78. United States, Fenn, 111.
Western ^rica. Trotter, 9.
Zollverein (1), Fischer, 281. Schulz, J., 880. Schiilz,
L. W., 811. Schuli, W., 881. (2), Frank, 75. Ha-
gen,38. Lang, 77. (3), Kieli, 185a. (1), Stoll, 85.
(6), Friedrich, 74. Heyl, 75. (8), Geismar & Co.,
13. See also Taming in Wood, ^c.
IVOBY-CUTONG MACHINE— VI. Straight & Sons, 455.
Ivory, Paintings on— xxx. (Fine Art Court) Newton,
Sir W., 250.
IvoRT, Statuettes in Imitation of— xxx. (Fine Art
Court) Franchi, 190.
Ivory Veneer— C/ntted States, Pratt & Co., 567.
Jaconets — Austria, Leitenberger, E., 186. Leitenberger,
F., 187. Belgium, Verhulst & Co., 213.
SiottzerZantf, Sturzeniieger-Nef, 139. Zellweger, 145.
Jacquard Looms and Machinery — vi. Barlow, 82.
De Fontaine Moreau, 30. M'Kenzie, 39. Taylor &
Son, 23. XI. Walmesley, 51, xii. & xv. Atkinson &
Co , 25t) (Main Avenue, West),
uliistrta, Gamba, Heirs of, 109.
France, Acklin, 399. Maitin, 323.
Kussia, Alesandriivsk Imperial Manufactory, 119.
Zollverein (I), Booardel, Brothers, 53. Winter, 56.
Jalap-root — ii. Keating, 102.
James's, St., Church, Louth (Model) — xxx. (Fine Art
Court) Avhton, 152.
Japanned .Slate — xxvi. Steedman, 346.
Japanned Wares — xxii. Fearocombe, 160a. Perry, OOa.
Terry & Son, 691a. xxvi. Eloure, 188. ScfoxtOii,
271. British Guiana, Hopkiiison, 159,
China, Hewett & Co. Denmark, Meyer, 6.
France, Delignon, 1180. Sardinia, Baflco, 79.
Zollverein (1), Meyer & Wried, 764. Stobwasser & C '.,
1<J9. (4), Ran & Co., 72. See also Lacquered Wares.
Jardinier — Pugin, North Transept.
Jam— Egypt, 342.
Jasper- I. Courtown, Lord, 143. India, I. Turkey,
Jasper Vases— J2ussia, Ekaterinburg Imperial Polikhing
Manufactory, 326. Kolyvan Imperial Polishing
Manufactory, 327.
Jaw-Levkk (fur administering Medicine to Cattle) — x.
MacMahon, 6UId.
Jelly Moulds — See Confectioners' Moulds,
DESCMBEa) IN THE CATALOGUE.
Ixxi
*), Section of—
Simpton & Co.,
1, 338. TVrAey.
Kxx. (Fiue Art
.Tenner, Dr, (Model for a Statue of — ManhiU, poge 650,
jEBSEr, Model repreiuntiiig Her Majeaty landing at, in
1846 — Jeriey and Guernsey, Saundera, 23.
Jet and Jet Ornaments— I. Slater & Wiight, II. vni.
Slater & Wright, 312. xxili. Greenbury, 8. xxix.
Fletcher, 244.
Spain, 33. Van Diemen'i Land, Milligan, 324.
Jbwel-BOXEb — VI, Mordan & Co., 205. xxni. H. M.
The Queen, 140. xxti. Foothorape & Co., 132.
Levien, 203.
ZoUverein (I), Kullrich, 68. Wallack, 767.
Jewel-Enoravers' MoDEii— France, Perot, 1385.
Jewellery— XXII. Balleny, 299. Goude St Boland,
■294. Gueat, J. & W., 524. Parker & Acott, 298.
Sheldon, 292. Walters & Stone, 296. xxiii. Bake-
well, 70. Campbell, 76. Ellis & Sun, 12. Forrer,99.
Gass, S. H . & I)., 83. Harding, 1 1 . Hilliard & Thorn-
ason, 29. Hunt & Roskell, 97. Lvster & Sons, 27.
Martin & Co., 2. Mayer, 14. Molt, 116. Nash, 86.
Phillips, Brothers, 87. Rittie & Sons, 24. Row-
lands, C. & W., 118. Stone ^- Sun, 123. Wather-
■ton & Brogden, 105. Wheeler, G. & M., 01. WoilfT,
68. Zimmerman, O. & S., 80.
Austria, Grohmann, 576. Spietschka, 609.
Belgium, Hubert, 482. Prins, 382.
Canada, Legeatt, 341.
France, Bouillette, Hyvelin& Co., 1 107. Bruneau, 1 1 19.
Dafrique, 1575. Fayolle, 197. Felix, 199. Henne-
quin, 1623. Henri, 871. Huudaille, 1270. Latellia
& Payen, 1643. Lemonnier, 304. Montignar, 4S0.
Ochs, 6()8. Payen, 1674. Fichard, 1388. Plichon,
684. Rouvenat, 1460. Rudoluhi, 1465. Savard,
1476.
Gold Coast and AshatUee, Forster k Smith, I.
India, xxni.
Ionian laiands, Seaton, Lord, 5. Woodfurd, Lady, I.
Malta, Cretien, 24. Falson, 25.
iVe(/ier2an(is, Rumuin, 104. Sauerbier, 114.
Portugal, Mamede, 1022. Soiisa, 1021.
Russia, Aga-Melik-Mahomet, 290.
Spam, Moratilla, 261. 7^nts,83. Turkey. Tuscany, \^,
Western Africa, 3 a.w\e%on,ii. Townsend, II.
ZoUverein (I), Backes & Co., 411. Devarani.e & Son,
280. Haulick,4l3. Hoeller, 6.17. Keller & Co., 888.
Schwartz, 202. Stein)iaeuer& Bier, 410. Te88ler,4l.
(5), Goldschn.idt, 20. (6), Schrot^r, 51. See also
Bracelets, Coral, ^c. Gold and Silver Ware. Irish
Jewellery. Jet and Jet Ornaments. Precious Stones.
Jews' Harps- Austria, Grabnvr, 469. Schwarz, C, 470.
Schwarz, F., jun., 472. Schwart, F., sen., 471.
Schwarz, I., 473.
John's, St., Church, Paddinoton (Model) — xxx. (Fine
Art Court) Fowler, 142,
Johnstown Castle, Wexford (Model) — xxx. (Fine Art
Court) Morgan, 215.
Joiners' Tools— iSec Tools {Carpenters', 4fc.).
Joinery and Cabinet-makino Machines — vi. Gilbert,
447.
Jordan's Machine Carving (Siiecimens of)— page 851.
Jujube Fruit — ii. Pound, 108.
Jujube Wood— Tiinw, 35,
Jute— XIV. Dagnall & Co., 89. Dundee Local Commit-
tee, 63. Jameson & Co. 60. India, iv. xiv.
Kaleidescopes- X. Saunders 8c, Son, 205.
Kalmuck Fabrics— Zo//verei'n (I), Lambert & Son, C04.
Kaolin Earth— /ndtti, i.
Karman — British Guiana, Bonyun, 50.
Keelsons, Wrouoht-Iron (for wood-built Ships)— viii.
PilkiuK'ton, 176.
Kelp, and its products— ii, Bullock & Co., 37. Ward,
89. Watt, 32.
Kermes (Red Dye)-- Greece, Petntpoulos, 5,
Kersgvmeres— S^ Cassimeres.
Kettles— See Tea Kettles.
Keys — See Lochs, ^c.
KiEFF Suspension Bridge, Russia (Model) — vii.
Vignoles, 105 (Main Avenue, West).
Kitchen Rangf.s, &i\ — xxii. Benham & Sons, 98.
Bentley, 606. Cualbrook Dale Company, 641.
Crook, 244. Deaue& Co., 186. Ellis, 86. Halstead
& Suns, 93. Kennard & Co., 804. Sherwin, 243.
Steele, W. & P., 60. Tindall 542. WakeBeUI, 381 .
Wordsworth, 360. Sweden, Bulinder, 56, See also
Grates, Stoves.
Kitchen Ranges, Porcelain (Adapted to a gas fire) —
XXII, Edwards, 241. Strode, 443.
Kites. See Char- Volant.
Kneading Machines- France, Boluid, 428. See also
Breadmaking Machine*.
Kneejoint Extensor- X. Eaglaud, 567,
Knife-cleaning Machines— xxii. Cunningham, 626,
Kent, 553. Masters, 634. Piice, 397.
Knighthood, Badges of. See Badges, ^c, of Knight'
hood.
Knitted Work (various)— xi. Ratcliffe, 34. xii. & xv.
Standen & Co., 281. xix. A blind person, 214.
Bayne8,97. Bernaid, 372. Burton, 117. Caulfield,
125. Conerding, 146. Cunliffe, 144. Dawson, 149,
Hallowell, Mrs., 270. Hardy, 147. Holloway, 207.
Kettlewell, 223. Lerwick Local Committee, 213.
Newcastle-upon-Tyne Blind Asylum, 284. Riclimoud
Lunatic Asylum, 249, Sewell & Co., 288. Thwaites,
317, Turner, 322. xx. Beaufort, 156a. Farrange, 176.
Hathaway, 160. Laui{hland, 144. Linklater, 174.
Mackenzie, 142. M<Crae, 218. Rxy, 136. Shreeve,
46a. Webb, 138. Westminster, Marchioness of, 217.
xxvni. Indigent Blind School, 100,
Austria, Schreier, 390a, France, Foulqtiie & Co., 1603,
Jersey and Guernsey, Bertrarox, 41, Bruhier, 13, Du
Faye, 14. Dunl'evie, 3a. Guernsey Cottagers, 38,
Marie, 16, Vibert, 15,
Malta, Conservatorio of San Giusejipe, 22,
Van Diemen's Land, Queen's Orphan Schools, 139-142.
Western ^rica, McWilliam.
ZoUverein (4), Robeck, 50,
Knitting Machines— vi, Whitworth & Co., 201.
United States, Eastman, 338.
Knitting-Pins— Morrall, 240.
Knives and Forks— See Cutlery.
Knox's, John, House, Edinburgh (Model)— xxx. (Fine
Art Court) Weir, 151,
"Koh-i-Noor" (Diamond) — xxin. Her Majesty the
Queen, 140 (Main Avenue, East),
Kousso (a Drug)— II. Keating, 102.
Kreosote — See Creosote.
Label-printing Machine — vi. Marriott, 116.
Labour Machine (for Prisons)— v. Ijotten, 429.
Labbadorite— Cunat/a, Clausen, 13,
Lac-dye— II, Mart-hall, 68. iv. Jewesbnry & Co., 66
Reii, 116, India, iv.
Lace— XIX. Adams & Sons, 21. Ayers-, 388, Ball & Co.,
19, Biddle, 1, Birkin,20. Cardwell, C. & T., 122,
Clark, 18. Clarke, Eliza, 129. Clarke, Esther, 130.
Crick, 140, Diggcs, 234. Fisher & Robinson, 2,
Forrest & Sons, 45. Frewin, 170. Gard, 16. Gill,
386, Gonid, J. & F., 14, Greasley & Co., 34.
Groucock & Co., 3. Herbert & Co., 28, Heymann
& Alexander, 25, Hill, 203. Hollins, 30. Howell,
James, & Co., 5. U»t»*, 211. Irish Work Society,
77. Johnson, G. & C, 216, 316. Kettlewell, 223.
Kightley, 123. Ladies' Industrial Society, 213.
Lambert & Burt, 4. Laugher & Couzens, 10,
Lee, 241, lister, 236. Macarthur & Co., 6(1.
M'Farlane & Porter, 63. Mackellar & Hampson, 231.
Maclean, 248. MacQuarie, Fisher, & Co,, 6.t.
Mallet & Barton, 29. Moore, 31. Nerinck, Sceurs, 8,
Patent Utrecht Company, 265, Phillips, 272. Priie,
373, Pullun, 12. Reckless & Hickling, 32, Rose,
50. Sim, 301, Stergmann & Co., 41. Tawel, i:^
Tizard, Brothers, 274. Treadwin, 55. Uphill, 323.
Urling, 15. Viccar", 235. Vickers, 33. Vincent, 328,
Weedon, F., 6, Weedon, F. P., 11, Whitlock &
Billiald, 27. XX. Capper & Co., 45. Hollins, 96.
.<Iusfria,Grohmann, 382, Meiul, Heirs of, 383. Schlick,
385.
Belgium, Atelier de Notre Dame, Brussels, 304,
Beck &; Son, 324, Belloni-Ance, 319. Beernaert &
De Ciiypeie, 326. Bousson De Vliegliier, 328,
Ixxii
ALPHABETICAL AND CLASSIHED LIST OF ARTICLES
DartevelU & Mounoury, 329. Dvlehay*, 305. De-
blauwa-Ptol, 325. Dvfieniitf,3l6. Duhajon-Brunfaut
& Co.. 314. EveH«rt,3;.M. Haeck,34l. Hamniel-
Mlh, 337. Heuwcheu ft Co., 310. JoM|ih, St.,
BiUblUhment of, 322. Letnaivur & Co., 3(J0.
Naelijeai, 308. Paaltiyni, 484. Plettinck, 340.
Rvallivr. 309. Robyt, 311. Buanen, 338. Sloe-
quart, Bratheit, 307. Tullenaert, 330. Van Haeltin,
299. Van Hallo, 303. Van Uiul, 333. Van Loo,
339. Van Straelen, 327. Vandeihaegen, 312.
Vaadenmiiiawio, 319. Wathvr, 318.
Ceylon. Denmark, Wiilff & Son*, 9.
Firance, Aubry, Brotlien, 1944. Chaverondier, 493.
Cull«t,93. Delcambre, 1984. Docagnn, 1718, Duptcr,
1194. Julicn, 279. Lefebvn, 1646. Mallet Brotbrn,
099. Randoii, 1684. Rol)ert-Faui«, 1442. Srgiiiii,
1U08. Vail Bckoiit & Co. 713. Videcoq 8t Simon,
1706. Violard, 731. India, xy.xix,
Madeira, Read, 1.
Mdia, Camilleii, E. 14. C-imilleri, F. 16. Caiha, 13.
Ditnccb, 21. Goto, II. Gravagiia, 7. Naudi, 8.
Polito, 13. Schembri, 10. Vella Paolo & Co. 19.
PortugtO, 1395-129?.
Ruuia, Rochefort, 176, 191, 199, 208.
Sardinia, Bayno, 48. Teuada, 49.
Spain, Fitter, 221, 222. Margarit & Rna, 223.
Smtzerland, Bmioii, 40. Perret, 39, 271.
Van Diemen't Land, Sharlaitd, 3i\,
ZolloereiM (3), DoertCelSfSoiiM, 69. Foenter, 68. Hae-
ncl, 152. KoMter & Ublmanii, 70. Priem, 67. Schrei-
ber, 71. Stoeliel & Sun, 66.
Lace (Dnigna for)— xix. Smith, 198.
Belgium, Polak, 298. Violard, 320.
France, Mereaux, 631. Tuiuiaiut, 464.
Lace-dressino Fbahe— VI. Hudaon & Bottom, 88.
Lace, Imitation — xiv. Adami, 12. xix. Rul|ili, 282.
Belgium, Alelier de Notre Dame, 304. Van Haeleii, 299.
Lace Mairtfacture, Paintingi illuitrating — vi. FuHoll,
99.
Lace Papebs— xxx. (Fine Art Court) Moetman, 204.
Francr, Devrange, llbS.
Lace Trimminos— xix. Cardwell, C. & T., 122. Kigbtley,
123. Spain, Mir, Brothers, 276.
Lace-weavino Machine — France, Foucher, 837.
Lacquered Vf jlbs— Belgium, Giron, 408.
China, Barini;, Brothers. Hewett & Co. Rawson.
Shea. India, xxviii. Sweden, DahHwm, 71. Hiilt-
man, 81. JSirkey. See a.\u) Japanned Waree,
Lactine (Artificiul Milk) — iii. Piesne, 129. See alio
Concentrated Milk.
Ladders— VII. Ell, 94. Spurgin, 76. ix. Starkey, 43.
Belgium, Lambert, 189. See alHu Library Ladders.
Ladies* Dresses (New Material for, undetcribed) — xix.
Newcumb & Jones, 257.
Laiooome— ^ustrta, En^elmann, 22.
Lake— II. Godfrey & Couke, 92.
Lahpblack— Zol/verei'n (6), Michel & Morell, 16.
Oehler, 8.
Lamp-burners— France, Grison, 12(j0.
Zollverein, (3) Hoffmann, 36.
Lamp-Oil— &e Oil*.
Lamp Refixctors, Glass— xxit. Tarin, 51.
Lamp-Screens— Austria, 0|ipeiiheimer, 701 a.
Lamp-VV-cks— XXII. Bright, 498.
Lamps, Carriage — xxii. Black, 464. Dugard, W. ft H.
390. Hawkins, 474. Hetherington & Co., 391.
Lowe, J. & H., 346, 803. Messeu^er & Sons, 340.
Miller & Sous, 645. See also Railway Carriage
Lamps.
Lamps, Klectric Table— x. Allman, 458.
Lamps and Lanterns, Ships' — viii. Macdonald, 329.
XXII. niews & Sons, 34<J. Brown & Kedpath, 477.
Lamps, Marine Signal— xxii. Gilbert, 120. Rettie &
Sons, 449.
Lamps, Railway Carriage- xxii. Holden, 348. Saund-
ers 455. Smiths & Co., 492. Squire, 4.'> I.
Lamps, Safety, or Davy— i. Walex, 431. x. Newman,
674. XXII. Baker & Co., 319. xxix. Purdon, 30.
Belgium, Eluin, 11. Mnteler, 24. France, Cliuard, 123.
Lamps and Lanterns (Various)— vii. Quiucey, 146.
Rettie,199. x. Newoomb, 672a. Boake, 697. Bright,
458. xxii. Childs, 459. Clark & Retlell, 446.
Deane&Co., 186. Evans & Co. 1U3. Hodges & Sons,
487. Lambert, 534. Lloyd & Summertteld, 700a.
Miller & Sods, 645. Naylor, 638. Nibbs, 472. Pal-
mer & Co., 447. Salt & Lloyd, 343. Strode, 413.
Warner & Sons, 798. Voniig, 442. xxiv. Webb,
17. xxx. (Fine Art Court) Cuff, 312. Egypt, 340.
Erance, Bourgogne, 1553. Delignon, 1180. Duval &
Paris, 191. Gagiieau, Brothers, 227. Hadrot, 359.
Lefebvre & Co. 580. Neuburger, 663. True, 703.
India, xxii. Ionian Islands, Ward, 6. Sweden, Djur-
sun, 70. United States, Conieliu> & Co. 46.
Western ^rica, Forbes, 8.
Zollverein (I), Piegler, 769. Pokorny, 79. Stobwasier
&Co. 199. Stubgeii & Kleeman, 766. Zobel, 190.
(9).*Tacchis tt Co., 21. &e also Camphine Lamps.
Oat Lamps. Singeing Lamps,
Lamps, Ornaments for— xxii. Hill, 365.
I'iANA Fruit and Dvk— British Guiana, Kock, 55a, SSb.
Land-measuring Chains— xxii. Gortie, 41.
Land-presber fob Fen Land— ix. Cheuery, 56.
Landscape (Model of )— xxx. (Fuie Art Court) Cribb, 146.
Lantern of Demosthenes, Athens (Model)— xxviii.
Minns, 99.
Lanterns. See Lamps and Lanterns.
Lanterns, Dioptric— vii. Northern Lighthouse Commis-
sioners, 99. X. Abraham & Co. 263.
Lanterns, Horolooical — x. Cole, 31.
Lanterns, Magic — See Phantasmagoria.
Lanterns, Trinoptric— x. Abraham & Co. 263.
Lanterns, Weather— xxii. Nibbs, 472.
Lanyard Plates for Ships— viii. Rigmaiden, 291.
Lapis Lazuu, Articles in— xxiii. Morel & Co., 117.
Bome, Jones, 48.
Lapping Machine — United States, Campbell, 553.
Lard— XXIX. MacKean, 28. Belgium, Toucbe, 434.
Lard Oil— xxix. MacKean, 28.
United States, Emory, 1 8. Frank, 1 9. Holbrook & Stan-
ley, 208. Mears, 562. Shearman, 572. Whipple, 579.
Lasts, Shoe, &c. — See Boot and Shoe Lasts.
Latches, Door — See Locks, ^c.
Lathes (Slide, Screw-cutting, and other) and Tools
connected THEREWIth~vi. Church, 244. Dalgety,
226. Kades & Sun, 224. Holtupffel & Co., 2.32.
Mason, 10. Muir, 206. Parr, Curtis & Madeley, 6,
213. Sandford & Co., 223. Sharp, Brothers, 204.
Shepherd Sc Co., 220. Smith & Co., 230. Victory, 67.
Whitworth & Co., 201. Williams, 234. xxi. Buck,
18. Mathieson,,'i3. Howarth, 18. xxviii. Peel, 175.
Hamburgh, Kulin, 17. Switzerland, !Jrbrau, 4.
Zollverein (1), Hamann, 58,
Laundry, Domestic (in one machine)— xxii. Nunn, 703.
Laundry Irons, Apparatus for Heating— xxii. Jeff-
coat, 755.
Lavender, Oil of— xxix. Short, 1 29.
Law, Clerical, and Civic Gowns— xx. Price, 68.
Lawn —XIV. Malcolm, 22.
France, nieriot & Lemaitre, 30. Boniface & Sons, 32.
Giidard & Bonteinps, 240. Legrand, 1313. Mestivier
& Hamuir, 636.
Lawrence, Sir Thomas, Bronze Bust of— xxx.
^ine Art Court) Peachey, 320.
Lay Figures— X. De Dunin, 210. Austria, Borrini, 734.
Lead, Acetate of— ii. Melincrytbeii Chemical Co., 2.
France, Mai re & Co. 317.
Lead, Carbonate of -i. Dyer, 62. Wallace & Coo|)er,
510. VN'sllon, 85. n. Ruuell & Robertson, 59.
India, ii. Portugal, Narzivellia, 71.
Spain, Zamora Mines (Insjiector uf), 20.
Lf,aD, Cuhohate of— II. Russell & Hubertaon, 59.
Portugal, Leal, 73.
Lead and Lead Manufactitres (Generally)- i. Buc-
cleucli, Duke of, 509. Royal Society of Ireland
(Dublin), 508. Sopwith, 484. Truro I.(ical Com-
miltee, 467. li. Huskiasun, J. W. & H., 86. xxii.
HaiiKHi, 616.
Belgium, Blyberg Mines et Fonderies, 22. Vedrin
S>ici£i£, 17.
Spain, Almeria Mines, Inspector of, 13. Asturias
^ - -
DESCRIBED IN THE CATALOGUE.
Ixxiii
Bust of— xxx.
MinM, Iiii|iector uf, 19. Livares Mines, Director of,
5. Lugo Millet, IiuiMctor of, 18. Zamura Miiiei, In-
ipector of, 20. Tumi, 26-30, 3'i, 45. TVrAey.
Tuscany, Metallurgic Society, 14. Vegni, 13. Volterra
Salt 'Manufactory, '^.
ZoUverein (1), Bratieur & Co. 314. Bredt & Co. 315.
Guuaclc, Sii. Eachweiler Mines et FonUeriei, 318.
Harkort, 876. Lambinuu, Ulricli & Co. 4dl. Maeg-
(lesprung Works, 682.
Leab-nine Machinert— I. Buocleuch, Duke of, 509.
Lead, Nitrate of— ii. Hatmel & Ellis, 10.
Portugal, Serseilello Sr. Co., 72.
ZoUverein (1), Kunlieim, 13.
Lead Ores (including 8ilver-I^a<l Oree) — I. Arkansas
Mining Co., 52>. Bird, 457a. Breadalbane, Matouis
of, 7. Byers, 494. Coates, 492a. Davies & Taylor,
523. Krakine,S32. Fahie, 30. Harrison, 49 1 . Mining
Co. for IrelaiiJ, 507. Murchitou, 521. Ofllahertie,
521. Pattinson & Cain, 497. Rowe, 492. Royal
Society of Ireland (Dublin), 508. Sopwith, 484.
Thome, 475. Walton, 85.
Canada, Logan, 1.
South Africa, Maitland Mines, 1.
France, Cavelan & Co. 1131. India,i. Portugal, 1295.
iSpat'n, Linares Lead-mining Association, 14.
Sweden and Norway, Guldsmedsliyttan Mines, 16.
United Statet, (Jbrici, '239.
ZoUverein (1), Meinerzliagen & Krenser, 316. (8), Nassau
Government Euitioeers of Miner, 1.
Lead, Oxidized —ZoUverein (1), Brasseur and Co., 314.
Lead Pencils— See Black-lead PendU.
Lead, &c. Pipes, Joint for connectino without
Soldering— XXII. Jennings, 810.
Lead, Red Dichromate of— ii. Russell & Robertson, 59.
Lead, Sheet and Pipe— i. Byers, 494. Royal Society
of Ireland (Dublin), 508. Morewood & Rogers, 436.
Attttria, Kggar, 435.
Lead, ^ws— France, Poulet, 1680.
Lead, Sugar of— ii. Melincrytban Cbemical Co., 2.
Russia, Sauin, 28.
Zollverein^O), Augustin, £26. Kunheim, 13.
Lead, Sulfhuret of (or Galena)— i. Cumming, 493.
Riddell, Sir J. M., 55.
Belgium, Blyberg Mines, 22. Vedrin, Soci^t^ de, 1 7.
India, i. New South fVales, Mitchell, 5.
Portugal, Naisareth, 13.
Spain, Linares Mines, Director of, 5. Tarragona and
Gerona Mines, Inspectors of, 2.
Van Biemen's Land, De Little, 300. Milligan, 311.
Lead, White Oxi-Cbloride of— ii. Bell 12. Blun-
dell, Speuce & Co., 48.
Leaf Metals — Zo2/i;eretn (2), Geratendorffer, 10. Kilb-
ler, 1 1 . Lepper, 6. Linz, 5. See also Gold Leaf.
Leather and Hides— xvi. Bevington & Sons, 1.
Bossard, 294. Boutchier, Mortimer & Co., 293. Busp,
4. C»rry, J. & J., 314. Cousins & Greatrix, 2b3.
Deed, 10. Dixon & Whiting, 290. East & Son,
34. Evans & Son, 18. Garry, 26. George, C, 32.
George, J., 289. Glover, J. & T. 19. Heintze, 29.
Hemsworth & Lindsey, 20. Hogarty Brothers, 13.
Holmes, 16. Jackson, 288. Kelsey, 266. Lamliert & Son,
63. Lutwyche & George, 53. Nicholls, 5. Oastler
& Palmer, 286. Pullman, 289. Randall & Dicks,
284. Read, 47. Rheam, 15. Soul hey & Co., 51.
Squire, 2. Stukill, 17. Tombs, 297. Wilson &
Co., 11. Wood, W. & S., 25. XX. Whitby, 186.
Austria, Emhanser, 344. Hermannsladt Leather-cut-
ters'Association, 345. Messener, 321. Pollak, 322.
Portschest, 337. Seykora,321. Suess,325. Wolfe, 326.
Belgium, Bauchau de Bare, 162. Boune, 488. Buuvy,
2(16. Deweweirne, 293. Dubois, 469. Dusauchciit,
272. Fasbender, 260. Hesnault & Brother, 273.
Houdin & Lambert, 253. Jorez & Son, 306. Lom-
baer, 261. Ma8sou,267. Mouthny, 117. Taillet, 254.
Tiberghien, 493. Van Alleynnes, 271. Weber, 258.
Brazil, De Mornay, 3.
Canada, Alios, 94. McLean & Co., 95. Murray, 96.
Teongathasea, 97. Tetu, 109. Tourangean, 98.
South Africa, Bridges, 21. Cluappini & Co., 22. Mossos,
41. Schmieterloew, 42. Ceylon,
Denmark, Topn, 3.
^ypt, 127,232-242.247,268-271.
France. Barraude, 756. Bay vet, Brothers, & Co., 41 S.
Bertbiot, 57. Brison, 781. Brun, 37. Budin. 77.
Carriere, Brothers, 106. Cominuel, 461. Coulboii,
1569. Courtepee-Ducheinay, 606. Courtois, 808,
1571. David, 812. Deadde, 813. Delisle & Co.,
1181. Despreaux, 164. Deiaux-Lacour, 167. Du-
buit&Son, 170. Dulud, 12U2. Dumont, 488. Du-
port, 182. Durand, 1208. Emmerich & Ooerger,
1212. Estivant, Brothers, 1214. Felix, 503. Fieux
& Co., 210. Fortier-Beaulieu, 510. Gauihier, 1244.
«3iraud, Brothers, 850. Goube-Pheraoie, 852. Ouerlin,
1261. Guillot, 534. Herrenschmidt, 538. Houette
&Co. 1271. Jouvin, 893. Jouvin & Doyon, 1279.
Laroqiie & Jaquemet, 901. Laudrim, Brothers, 1639.
Laydet, 296. Le|{al, 583. Leven & Son, 1323. Lo-
lagnier, 1330. Maniguet, 1341. Manson, 917.
Massemin, 1345. Merlant, 634. Nyset & Co., 1373.
Paillart, Brothers, 348. Pelierean, 677, 949. Prin &
Son, 1411. Reulos, 1434. Robant, 988. Rouget,
Son & Co. 1496. Simon, 1697. Souoin-Corbel, 1698.
Suser, 1022. Trouve-Cutivel & Co., 702. Ventujol
m. Chassang, 1384. Vincent, 1527.
Oold Coast and Ashantee, Forster & Smith, 1.
Greece, Calotas, 55. Hamburgh, Wamosy, 19.
Hanover, Friedrich, 10. India, iv., xvi.
Lubeck, Beckmaun, 4. Behrens, 3. Brunswig, 7.
A'etAer^antfo, Buyteweg, 22. Kok, 23. Roosegaarde, 21.
New South Wales, Watson & Co., 1 6. NewZealand, 39.
McVay 5.
Nova Scotia, Central Committee, 2.
Portuaal, 1I24-I121B. Barreto, 1123b. Bello, 1123d,
1126. Bratts, 1125a-1129o. Rretess, 1122a. Da
Silva, 1123c. Fialho, 1122, 1123, 1125. Fragata,
1126b. Monteiro, 1123a.
Russia, Abass-Bak, 244. Bakhroustrin & Sons, 240.
Boudelin, 238. Dolgoroucky, Prince, 396. Gribannff,
237. Jolovitzin, 236. Koteloff, 239. KonsnofT & Sons,
224. Litke, 226. May, 227. Ozerov, 228. Podsos-
Boff, 229. Satoumiii, 233. Shouvaloff & Son, 231.
Skvorzotr, 232, 235.
Sardinia, Durio, Brothers, 46.
Spain, Roig, 2^9b. Vignaux, 249a.
Switzerland, Gissiger, 171. Hauser, 172. Imhof &
Sons, 173. Kappeler, 1 74. Mercier, 179. Meyer &
Ammann, 176. Mueller & Co., 177. Raichlen, 178.
Ressegueire, 179. Raymond, jun., 170. Schalch, 180.
S|)engler, 181. Ttnis, 12, 21, 35, 83, 92. Turkeu.
United States, Crawford, 91. Gamble & Brothers, 169.
Van Diemen's Land, Button, \35. Reeves, 11. Regan,
184. Rout, 187.
Western 4/Hco— Jamieson, 22. Trotter, 9.
ZoUverein (1), Adolpbi, 172. Bardt'eld, 188. Berrei,
385. Buschmann, 386. Kncke, 736. Federer, Bro-
thers, 381. Grammersbach, Brothers, 860. Gruti-
macher & Suns, 142. Harkort, 874. Heintze & Freuden-
berg, 382. Kramer & Baldamus, 737. LeudersdofF,
387. Lietzmann, 182. Mecklinghaus & Wix, 67.'.
Obercouz, 383. Ranniger & Sons, 741. Sclieibe, 742.
Selenka, 800. Weber, 384. (2), Esclierich, 48. Mayer,
46. (3), Kunze, 5. (4), Bantlin, 37. Eckhardt, 38.
(5), Roth, 9. Roth & Sons, 10. Rupp & Bechatein,
11. (6),Doerr&Reinliard,33. Hellmann, 34. Heyl,
.32. Ihm, Buehm& Pfaltz, 31. Mayer, 35. Mayer,
Michel & Deninger, 36. Minoprio & Holiwiesner, 37.
(7), Ganterie, Franfais, 4. iS'ee also Buchakins, Vyed
Leather.
Leather Articles (Various)— xix. O'Donnell, 53. xxvi.
Burton, 77. xxx. (Fine Art Court) Esquilant, 103.
Austria, Einhauser, 344. Hermannsladt Leather-cutters'
Association, 345. Gold Coast and Ashantee.
India, xvi. Jersey and Guernsey, Ellis, 44.
Portugal, Royal Military Arsenal', 1126.
Van biemen's Land, Davies, 178, 179. Denison, Sir W.
T., 188. SImrland, 175.
Western Africa, Hutton & Sons, 6. Jamieson, 22.
M'William. Trotter, 5.
ZoUverein (I), Scheilie, 719. Scbnller & Weber, 603.
Schulz, 593. Slab, 228. (4), Reichhold, 39. Suheuck
Ixxiv
ALPHABETICAL AND CLAEHIFIED LIST OF ARTICLES
ft Co. 40 (6), Berk*, Brotlien, 60. Klein, 64. Lu«t-
tringhauf, 63. Nariiny, 67. 8«elirig St Becker, 69.
Leather Clothing— XVI. Vincent, 153.
Lkatheh Cu>th8- XII. & XV. Lmikwoud & Keigbley, 104.
Leather, Dyed— iv. Smith & Son, 68.
I EATHER-MAKiNo Ma ■hinkrt— ». Newcomb, 672a.
Leather, Stained (in Imitation uf VVowl) — xvii. Evani,
8.
Leather Tapestrt Hanginos— xxx. (Finr Act Court)
licakr, 63a.
Leaves (Impreuione of)— xxix. Stirling, &7,
LKCTBRN8 FOR Chcrches— Potter, page )*i'i. xxvin. Lee,
35.
Ledgers— XVII. Thoma* & Soni, 44. Williami, S3.
France, Neraudeau, 661.
United Stateg, M'Adama, 432. See aim Account Booh.
Leeches, Mechanical— x. Kiditon & Co., 646. MouiU
Hard, 93. Bussia, Koiiniky, 343.
I^eos Industrial Training School — (Model) xxx.
(Fine Art Court) Cotton, 177.
Leg Hbst— X. WoodliouK-, 731. Woodman, 281.
Legs, Ahthicial- x. Bo<iingliam, 723. Brunton, 596.
Evani, 274a. Fuller, 592. Groumith, .')65. Heath,
351. Matten, 569. Uobinion, 617. Switlienbaiik,
571. See also Wooden Legs.
Leiocoue— ^UMio, Scblippe, 27.
Lemonade— XXIX. Oower, 102.
Lemons, Essence ot— Spain, Canalee, 242a.
Lenses— X. Braham, 289. Callaghan, 268. Chadbum,
Bruthert, 259. Sharp, 308. Hyami, 278.
Lentils— III. tiuillerei, 103. ^ypt, *J6, 98.
Lktter-Boxes (fur Street-Doors)— xxii. Bradnack, 575.
Green, 570.
Letter-Cups — XVII. Sohletinger & Cd., 38. Wedge-
wood, 47.
Letter-Coptino Presses. See Copying-Machinei.
Letter ENORAViMo--Su7i(zer^n(/, Patton, 44.
Letterpress Printing- See Printing,
Lettuce-Oil — Egypt, 53.
Levels, Surveyors', &c.— ix. Rickman, 278. Weir, 123
X. Chadbum, Brotbere, 259. Elliott & Soni, 320.
Watkin* & Hill, 659.
Austria, Vienna Polytechnic Institute, 130.
Belgium, De Hennault, 183. Netherlands, Becker, 83.
Sweden and Norway, Littman, 15.
ZoUverein (1), LUttig, 81. (6), Huch, 22. See also
Dumny Levels, Draining Levels. Indicating Levels,
Boaa Levels. Spirit Levels.
Lever-Bridge Church, Bolton (Model)— vii. Willock
& Co., 223 (Main Avenue, West), page 853.
Lever-Wheel Plates (Carriage) —v. Sunders, 938.
Library Ladders — Netherlands, Horrix, Brothers, 97.
Libussa, Queen of the Bohemians (Statue o()— ZoU-
verein (2), MUller, 90.
Lichen and its Products- ii. Wood & Bedford, 47.
Life-Belts, Buoys, &c. — vm. Ayckboum, 23. Carte,
29. Clapton, 1. Hely, 13. Hitt, 296. Holbrook,
9. Laurie, 195. Lavars, 31. Lee, lO. Light, 5.
Reekes, 6. Taylor, 197. Vickers, 8. xx. Bain, 70.
Caulcher, 1 12. Zox, 59. xxii. Reekes, 400. xxviii.
Walker, 87. xxix. Cox, 68.
Life-Boats, Rafts, &c. — Western End.^North Enclosure
(Outside), Hateman, 59 (Elastem End), v. Angus, 716
vil. Bremner, 95. Martin, 25. Rettie 159. vm.
Acheson, 47. Allan, 51. Anderson, .1., 187. An-
derson, R., 190. Ayckboum, 23. Bateman, 335.
Beadon, 90. Bell, 14, 157. Berthon, Iu4. Boniiey,
49. Bremner, 83. Claik, 91. Clarkson, 2. Currytoii,
82. Croid,304. Druery, 322. Dyne, 60. Erskine,4.5.
Fawcelt, 62. Fomter, J. & T. 168. Gale, H. 79
Gale, O. H. 323. Harland, 324. Hatt, 16. Haugh-
ter, 295. Hawks, 136a. Hawkswnrth, 53. Hely, 13.
Hodson, 50. Holbrook, 9. Husband, 151. Laurie,
195. Light, 5. Maiihy, 22. Mason, 81. Milbuni,
138. National Institution fur Preservation of Life from
Shipwreck, 309. Northumberland Life-boat Cnmmiltee,
136. Plenty, J. & E. P. 137. Reed, 54. Reid, 54a.
Rhind, 290. Richardson, 40. Robinson, 100. Slater &
Wright, 312. Sparke, 17. S|)arrow, 313. Spencer,
11. Swallow, 308. Taylor, ls>7, 215. Tredwen, 55.
Truscott, 289. Wenttell, 167. White, T. J. & H., »0A.
Wilson, 299. xxviii. Godfrey, 183.
Jersey and Ouemtejy, Drake, 45. Goodridge, 39. Grellier,
7. See also Shipwreck Apparatus.
Life Preservers — India, xxviii.
Life Protector— vii. Jeffrey, 14.
Lift-Pumps, See Pumps, Lxft and Fore*,
Lifting-Crabs- IX. Barrett, Kxall & Andrews, 128.
Lifting Jackb—v. Dayman, 485. Galloway, W. & J. 124,
Gladstone St Co, 488. Haley, 480. Thornton St Sons,
490. See a,\»ob'crew lifting jiuks. Traversing Jacks.
Lighthouses and Lighthouse Apparatus (MndeU,
&c.)— VII. Gaiidell,33. Maplin, 164. Northern Light-
house* Cummissioners, 99. Stevenson, 100. Wells, 82.
Wilkins,167 (Main Avenue, West V vn. Brown,SirS.,
334. XXIV. Chance & Co., 22 (and Main Avenue,
West, 60).
France, Saget, 364, 14C8.
Jersey and Ouenuey, Chevalier, 6.
Lightning Conductors- xxii. Kuper, 33.
United States, Spratt, 5.
Lightning Conductors (fur Sliipi mg)— viii. Hurris,
Sir W. S., ISO.
Lignite— />u/ia, i. New Zealand, Hargreaves, 8.
Portugal, Roque, 18, 19. IVinidad, Lord Harris, 27.
ZoUverein (6), Sa!zliausen Salt & Lignite Works, 3.
LiMDs, Artificial— X. Atkinson, COS.
Belgium, Champagne, 187. See also Arm*, Artificial.
Hues, Artificial, Hands, Artificial, Legs, Artificial.
Noses, Artificial. Wooden Legs,
Lime— I. Dann, 56. Greaves, 210. France, Agombard, 2.
Regny & Co., 1427.
Portugal, Machadn, 54-56. Spain, Prats, 48.
Tunis, 38, 91. Western Africa, Tnitter, 5.
Lime, Acetate oy— France, Maire St Co., 317.
Lime, Carbonate of — i. Walton, 85.
Lime, Chloride ov— Austria, Wagenmann & Co., 19, ,
Portugal, Hirsch & Co., 77.
ZoUverein (I), Wesenfeld St Co., 461.
Lime, Phosphate of — Canada, Wilson, 2.
Western Africa, M* William.
Lime, Sulphate OF— II. Austin, 114. i.<?/)<iin, Cue*ta,49A.
Lime, Superphosphate of— i. Ramsay, 44. ii. Austin,
114.
LiMES-i-i?rt(isA Ottiana, NetKher, 18,
Limestone — Western End, South Enclosure (Outside),
Greaves, 7,. . Aaynes & C3o. 25. Towler, 27. i. «,
156. Bell, 189. Cumming, 157. Fahie, 30. I.en-
taigne, 5. Moore, 4U3. Smith, 177. Sparks, 154.
Sweetman, 40. Taylor, 201. Walton, 85.
CafWa, Logan, 1. India, I,
New Zealand, Brown, 18. Purchas, 23.
Portugal, Bonnet, 107.
Bussia, AlexanJrovsk Imperial Cannon Foundry, 2. Bar-
imvulak Imperial Works, 4. Kamensk Iron Works, 8.
Tunis, 168. Turkey,
United States, Penniman, 249.
Van Diemen's Land, Bichens, 326, 327.
W. T., 270. Milligan, 260-262, 325.
Line KNORAviNOS-^See Engravings.
Linen Fabrics (Various)— xii. & xv.
Baumann & Wuubh, 206. Bird, 223.
Co., 205. XIV. Anderson, 86. Bennett & Adams,
11. Ciuiter, 36. Capper & Son, 95. Carson, 14.
Carter, Brothers, .36.' Diindee Local Committee, 63.
Kmshall, 40. Fletcher, 36. Hattersley & Co. 36.
Haxworth & Carnley, 36. Henninir, 10. Jackson 8t
Matthewson, 36. Jeirn>y, 59. Kirk St Sons, 10.
Lcadbetler & Co., 9. Leeming, 4 1 . M'Murray & Co.,
25. Malcombe, 22. Pegler, 43. Pigutt & Newton,
36. Pinkerton, J. & R., 15. Richardson & Co., 23.
Richardson, Sons, St Owden, 7. Sa<ller, 30, 91 . Sadler
& Co., 18. Walton & Co., 38. Wilford & Sons, 42.
Wilk»,31.
Austria, Haupt, 286. Hielton, 275. Milan Benevolent
Society's Establishment, 2S3. Peldrian's Heirs, 288.
Siegl & Co., 290. Yonwiller & Co., 292. Witschell
& Co., 293.
Belgium, Ameye-Berte, 209. Bernard, Saint, House of
Correction, 226. Bonguerts, 229. Catteaux, 215.
Denisun, Sir
Allen, 259.
Lead better &
.,*
DESCRIBED IN THE CATALOOUE.
lixv
Decuck, 221. Deroubaix, 23U. De« Mcdt, 232. Dub-
bolaetr, 208. Donmer, 233. Hftilov, Hrulbfri, 224.
Moerman,23l. Parmeiitcr, 222. Servaif,20l. Thi-
baii-Accuii, 220. Tliilau, 292. Vou Ack«re, 210.
Van Ooi>, 2 IB. Vercruyur, 213.
Canada, Kotiier, 141. Chim, Hewitt & Co. Rawson.
^Dpl, 226, 30U-309, 311, 312, 338.
trance, Boiiiraca & Soim, 32. Doucvt & DuuUro, 147.
Mealivi«r & Hamuir, 636. Socive, Brotlicri 8t DaiiMr,
1U06. Hanover, Schultie, 0.
Madeira, Read, ).
Portugal, Barboia, 682. Torret Novai Company, 661-
60j, U67-66'J. 679, 677.
i?uMta, Doinbrowitcli,3aa.Jul«niu«, 221. Kunovniiin, 220.
Spain, Caitelloii Corporatiitn, 194. liabel II., Manufac-
tory of, 103.
Sweden and Norway, 23.
Switzerland, Htag & Sunt, 164. Huniiker & Co., 166.
RoethlisberKer & Sum, 169. Tunit, 10, 18.
Turkey. United l<tate». Mills & Co., 444.
Zollverein (1), Buleniut & Nulte, &62. Bruckmann,
S3!). Bruenger, 9S9. Deliu«, 060. Deliui & Soni,
518. Gante & Sunt, 91)3. Ileidtick, 999. Klopper,
480. Kramtta & Sunt, 128. Kiueniir, Wilhelm, &
Sont, 996. Landwehrmaiin, Brotheri. 950. Rimann
& Geitl«r, 124. Schnell & Sunt, 998. Schraidt &
Cn., 732. Seyler. 121. Ttcborn & BUrgeo, 130.
Velhtgen, 940. Webiky & Son, 122. Wettel, 542.
Wettermann, 943. Wettermaiin & Sont, 914. (4),
Lang, 34. Seemann, 36. See alto Cambrics. Da-
masks {Linen). Diapers. Flax. Ginghams. Hemp.
Linen Sheeting. Linen J^vists. Linen Yam. Table
Cloths {Linen, ^c).
Linen Presses— xxii. Tindall, 942.
Zollverein ( 1 ), Kiittner, 236.
Linen Sheeting— XIV. Crawford & Lindiayt, 13. Curr
& Co.. 88. Nicul & Co., 87. Sadler & Co., 18.
Portugal, 672-674, 676, 678. Torret Novot Co., 666.
Linen and Silk (mixed fabrici) — xiv. Beveridge, 29.
Hunt & Sun, 2S. See alto Mixed Fabrics.
Linen Twists — France, Soini & Sun, 381.
Portugal, 694.
Linen-Washino Machines— iSw Washing, Drying, and
Ironing Machines.
Linen Yarns — Austria, Peldrian'i Heirt, 288. Petrak, J.
289.
France, Duranton, 404. Hanover, Sclmllze, 6.
Zollverein (1), Buleniut & Nulte, 962. (4), Urach Ma-
nufactory of Linc'i Yarn, 35,
Linens, Woollen Cloths, &c. (Obnahents fob deco-
rating)— XVII. Mantel], 27.
Lines, Clothes- &« Horse-hair Clothes-lines. Hopes,
Cordage, ffc.
Lining and Relief Copting-hacbine (Speciment)—
Zollverein (1), Wagner, 155.
Linseed Presses— vi. Blundel & Co., 420, xvi. Ben-
tun, 12.
Linseed and Linseed-Oil and Cake— hi. McGarry &
Suns, 132. Peterton, 66. iv. Penney, 64. Spur, 58.
Austria, Steinbock, 183.
Belgium, Vandettraeten, 84. Vercauteien, 82. Ver-
cruytse, Bruthert, 91.
jyamfcMrj/A, Peterten, 5. India, tv, Zu&ecA, Plalzman, 1 .
Netherlands^ Oemen, 8. Calvi, 22.
Sardinia, Girardi, Brothers, 5. Spain, 170.
United Stales, Lee & Co., 930.
Zollverein, Waechter, 434. See alto Cake-breaking
Machines. Rape-seed and Rape-seed Oil, ^c.
LiNSEV-WoLSEY Fabrics— XII. & xv. Byert & Son, 232.
Clay & Sunt, 136. Garvie & Dias, 227. Green, 92.
Lucke, 15. Mills, 2o3. Pliillipt, 222. Rnljertt, 460.
Renwick, T. & A., 233.
Lint— II. Oyler, 113.
Lint-Machine -VI. Searle, 65.
Lion, Bavakim— Zollverein (1), MuUer, flO (Main
Avenue, East).
Liqueurs- XXIX. Taylur & Co., 5.
Liouid-Manure Machines— viii,
Reeves, T.
Manure.
Turkey.
Truscntt.
2S9. IX.
R & J. 108. See alto Pumps, Liquid
Rauh, 360.
Rngelmann Se
Kopiwlin,
Liquid Metric— v. Keith, 466. Tebay, 430. xxii. Ktilh,
6i>l.
Liquids, Apparatus for cooling or wabmimo— xxii.
Hewitt, 30.^, See ii\io let-Machines.
Liquorice — Egypt, 50. Greece, Congot, 97.
Spain, Saragusaa, Academy of Medicine uud Surgery,
1284.
Litharge— I. Byert, 494. India, ii.
LiTBOOBAPHio Drawing, Kngbavino, and Pbintino
(Mpecimmii oO— xxvi. Hichardion, 207. xxx. (Fine
Art Court) Cox, 248. Duelin, 58. Graf, 76. Hull*
mandel & Walton, 71. Martin & Hood, 89. Slau*
did)^ & Co., 37. Underwood, 77.
Austria, Bermann, 370. Neumann, 373.
Belgium, Avanio, 446. Daveluy, 448.
Canada, Meyer, 190.
France, Couiin, 1572. Dupont, 181.
Gtaf, 192. Gillut, 522. Guetnu, 859.
894. Schmanti, 370. Tudof, 397.
Hamburgh, Ka,\i\a, 117. New Zealand, }lloon, 37.
Portugal, 1238-1251. Lopet, 1254.
United Slates,BTadySiCo.,\ 42. Browning,557. D'Avig-
non, 132. Peate, 230. Pralt, 102. Sowrell, 448.
Zollverein (1), Winkvelraann & Sont, 306. See alto
Chromo-Lithographu,
LiTBOGBAPBic ftujsic Pbintino— XXX. (Fine Art Court)
Cbapiiell & Co., 66.
LiTBOOHAPBic Pbesses— VI. Greig, D. & J. 114. Mo
Clure k Co., lUO. Straker, 142. Underwood, 103.
France, Brittet, 440. Lacrois & Son, 263.
Switzerland, licdoux, 98.
LiTBOORAPBic Stones— Western end. South Encloture
(outtide), Raynet & Co., 29. i. Brodie, 54.
Canada, Logan, }.
France, Cha|iot & Pelon, 448. Mam & Co., 1732.
Marx & Co., 1343.
Greece, The Greek Government, 24. India, I.
Portugal, Dejante, 1 10-1 15. See alto Limestone.
LiTBOPONV (Speciment of) — France, Du Trembluy, 395.
LiTBOTVPES — Canada, Matthewi, C., 188.
Liverpool Batbb and Wasb-houses (Drawingt)— v.
Pooley, 784.
Liverpool Docks, &c, (Model) — Liverpool Local C^>m-
mitiee, page 851.
Liverpool, Specimens of imports into (Undetciibed)
— XXIX. Liverpool Local Committee, 270.
Llama Cloth— iS'eelferinoes.
LocKMAKiNO (Illuttrationi of the art oQ— xxii. Aubin,
663,
Locks, &c. (Various)— xxii. Barnwell &Son, 678. Barron
& Son, 699. Bigford, 660. Boobbyer, 680. Bramah
& Co., 693. Bryden & Sont, 44. Carpenter & Til-
des' '-, 655. Cartwright, 661. Chubb & Sont, 646.
C? ■; '-i Restell, 446. Cotterill, 307. Downs, 679.
Feau.i\i-.i & Co., 686. Funs, De La, 800. Fuster, 690.
Oerisii, 6.'<2, Gibbons, 654. Hartey, 660. Haywood
& Son, 647. Hortun, 674. Hiiffer, 649. Lewis, 673.
Lingard,264. Lungfleld, 503. Marr, 510. Mayo &
Bates, 648. Mitchell, 672. Parket, 659. Pearce,U71.
Taylor, 622. Tucker, 668a. Walters, B. & P., 670.
Windle & Blythe, 668. Wisson, 679. Wulversun,
'276. Yates, 664. Egypt, 168.
France, Cugnut, 99. Fayet-Barnn, 1221. Granger,
1734. Orangoir, 1256. Hue, 269. Paubkn, 946.
Portugal, 6i2. Sarcfinta, Barbie, 56. jS/)ain,Ca1lejn,257,
Sweden and Norway, Hallenius & Co., 11. Hedlund,
11. Lundherg, 11. Ulander, 11.
Tuscany, Ciuni, 104.
United States, Adams & Cu. 462. Arrowsmith, 138.
Day & Newell, 298. Hanley, 375. Knight, 570.
McGregor & Lee, 20. Tuckerman, 333.
Western Africa, Miller, 10.
ZoHierein(l), Bleckmann,623. Post, 615. Schmidt, 651.
(5), Rottb, 18. See a\BO Door-fasteners.
Locks, Wooden — British Guiana, Steele, 154, 154b.
Locksmiths' Toois— Zollverein (1), Asbeck & Co., 615.
Locomotive Axle and Connecting Rod — v. Squire &
Co., 706.
Locomotive-Engine Driving Wheels— v. Warren,
558, 1001.
Ixxvi
ALPHABETICAL AND CLASSIFIED LIST OP ARTICLES
LocoMonvB Bnoinm, Kailwat (Inclutling Modvlt)—
V. Atlami, 5IU, Cromploii, SU8. DimIiU Ac Son,
ei. Klliutt, 702. Biiglaiiil, 509. Enkiiif, 100.
FairlMirn, 522, 732. FomIcIc & Hackwortli, 10.
Great Wvtterii lUilwav Guinpaiiy, 506. Harvey, 692.
llttWihurn, H. & VV., 536. H«mmiii|{way, 574.
Hinilt, 714. Kitioti, Thumpion tt Ot., 53-i. Lam-
brrt ft Sou, 47ti. Lettrr, 700. I^ndoii and Nurlli-
Wcttern Railway Company, SI2, 513. Stanton, 661.
Wilfon, C^ 697. Wilton tc Co. 526. vii. Reu.
ciyniki, 27. xxii. Johnwn, Cammill k Co., 109.
J7efyiNM, Cockfrill, 119. Marciu«lle«stCouillel, Socidti'
Aiionyme, 120.
Canada, Kotlier, 346.
Fraitce, Cail & Co., 1557. Mtherlandt, Maitland. 92.
TnicaHif, Peloii, 36. Unittd Stale*, Pinkui. 504.
LocoMonvB Enoinb Safety Appahatus -France, h»-
Ihuillier-Piiiel, 312.
LocoxonvB Machinbrt (for Inclinei from or to Wharft)
—V. Barber- Beaumont, 752.
LocoMonvB Reovlator, Spindle Joint for — vi.
Schiele, 402.
Locomotive Steam-Carriaoe for Common Roads—
V. Bevan, 105.
Locomotive Strap— France, Bloncbct, BrotlMn^ 768.
Loos, Ships'— VIII. Beitlion, 104.
Jtrety and Guemtey — AUeond, 27.
LoawooD— TKm'diu/, Lord Harris.
London (Model of), with designs for Railways in the
Streete— V. Macliay, 586.
London Bridge (Model)— vii. Townley, 39.
Longcloths— See Colton Fabriea-
Longitudb (Itiitrument to And llie) — x. Macdonald, 357.
Looking-Glasses, Mirrors, &n. (including Cliimney
and Pier Glane*)— xxvi. Britidi Plate Ulau Com-
pany, 408 (Main Avenue, West). Cliupman, 191.
Crawford, 96. Donne. 108. Gardner, 231. Herring
& Sunn, 205. McCulium & Hodeon, 130. McLean,
386 (Main Aveuue, Weit). Ponsunby, 199. Roger*,
195. Squire, 2:3. Wliitcomlw, 211 A.
Austria, Alwle, 582. Rattenderfer, 577. Vieliofen,
Mirror Manufactory, 583. China, Hewett & Cu.
France, Berlios & Co. S3. Chamouillet, 1 142. Ledreney,
1307. Luce, 1332. Paillard, 671.
Hamburgh, Huebcner & Pohle, 61. Korlan, 62. Ram-
penduTil, 60. Ruuia, Ameloung & Sun, 296.
Tuscany, Seraflno, 123.
ZoUverein (I), Fleitclimann, 763. Heinrich, 771. (2),
Hecliinger, 60. Heilbronn, 61. (6), Buettner, S3.
Looking-Gla88 Frames— xxvi. Bielefeld, 157. xxviii.
Tliorii & Co., b6.
France, Hardimin, 865. Jertey and Guernsey, Ellis, 41.
Sardinia, Martimitti, 63.
Looms (including Models)- vi. Brown, 56. Cross, 64.
Henning, 43. Smith, '22. xix. Jackson & Graham,
390 (Nort)i Transept). Belgium, Jouvne, 123.
Ceylon, France, Jacquin, 646. .Mercier & Co. 632.
India, vi. Western ^rica, Forbex, 8. See also Hand
Loonu. Jacquard Looms, Power Looms. Silk
Looms. Stocking Loom*.
Lord Mayor's State Barge (Model) — viii. Searle &
Sons, 169 (Main Avenue, West).
Lord Mayor's State Coach (Model) — xxx. (Fine Art
Court) Jibb, 14.
Lozenges- XXIX. Lucas, Brothers, 316.
Lozenges, Digestive — Austria, Prince Lobkowitz's
Mines, 53.
Lubricators- V. Hasketh, 206. Horry, 122.
Lucifer-Match Boxes— France, Lefran9oii, 301, 582.
Lucifer Matches— xxix. Bell & Black, 243.
Austria, De Majo, 50. Furth, 46. Hoffmann, 49.
Pnllak, 47. Prescliel, 48.
ZoUverein (4), Kuliii, 102. Sutorius, 100.
Ludlow Castle (Model)— xxx. (Fine Art Court), Gill,
145.
Lump-Sugar Chopping-machines— xxii. Symes, 23.
Lunarians— X. Paxon, 191. Perigal, 693.
Lustres- /liinocer, BenutorflT & Kicliwede, 8.
ZoUverein (5), Junge & Wultiier, 17.
Luxoa Obeusk (Model)— Zo2/veretn (I), Sutsmann, .^Oj.
Macaroni, Vermicblu, &o.— hi. Gsntlls, 106. Ltvyt
120. Portuatil, h\», i'2».
&ir(/iNia, UeBarbieri,63. Guelfl, 94. Valdettaro, 81.
Macb (with Sampivs of the M«al)-iit. M'Cullum, 133.
India, ill. Labuan, ^c„ Hammond Ac Ca, 9.
Machine Cards- United Slates, Karl* Ac Co., 456.
Machine Mouldings — f/ni(«(f Slates, Chatain, 337.
Fay Ac Co., 203. Roddis, 571.
Macrbady Testimonial —XXIII. Smith, Nicholson &
C.I., 110.
Madder and Madder Root— il/^eria, DnprsdeSt. Maur,
23. MontiKuy, 3S. Piglin, 43.
/Vance, A vi|{nonClmrob«r of Commerce, 1040. SsnKun-
wald, 1010. Greece, Malundriniis, 3. Phillippos, 4.
India, iv. Mecklenbuni-Slrelitz, ScharrnberKt 3.
Hussia, liubaivff, 86. K«nm Haghim Ogli, 87.
Spain, 86, 138, 141, 142. Marcos, 147. Matesaos, 140,
144. Svmovilla, 113.
Ttisrany, PastoreHI, 35. ZoUverein (I), Weiss, 684.
Magic Lantern. Sm Phantasmagoria.
Magna Charta, on vellum, ornamented with shields —
xxx. Partridge, 333.
Magnesia— II. Howanis Ac Kent, 11.
Auttria, Prince of Lobkowits' Mines, 53. India, I.
United States, Husband, 40.
Magnesia, Bicardonate of— n. Murray, Sir J., 87.
Magnesia, Carbonate of— ii. Mnrrajr, Sir J., 87.
Greece, Greek Government, 21. India, I.
Sardinia, Ros»i Ac Schiapparelli, 6.
Magnesia, Citrate of— ii. Kins, 84.
Magnesia Lozenges — Austria, Lolikowits, Prince of, 53.
Magnesia, Sulphate of — 11. Copner, 118. Muberley, 17.
France, Malnpt^rt, 319. Jersey and Guernsey, Gould, 34.
Van Diemeris Land, Smith, t%o.
Magnesian Minerals and Chemicals- ii. Dinneford &
Co., 51. Canada, Lngan, I.
Magnetic Dip and Intensity Instruments- x. Brooke,
144. Wilton, 402.
Magnetic Iron and Iron Okr— India, i.
Russia, Gorobla^rodatsk Imperial Iron Works, 7.
Magnetic 'Vo'^s— ZoUverein (2), iNsmsyer, 26.
Magnetized Balances — x. Fox, 377.
Magneto-Rlbotric Machines — See EUctro- Magnetic
Machines.
Magnetometers (Self-RegiaterinK)- x. Brooke, 144.
Magnets- x. Chadbnrn, Brotheis, 259. Heurder, 430.
Henley, 428. Rundell, 43JA. xxi. Stubs, 3C.
xxiL Shaw and Son, 216.
Netherlands, Logeman, 87. See also Compassea, Mari-
ners'.
Mahogany— IV. Faiintleroy Ac Sons, 135 (Main Avenue^
West). Gillow Ac Co., 15.
St. Domingo, Schomburgk, Sir R.
Malachite— I. Hall, T. Ac J., 146.
Russia, Boitoskivsk Copper Works, 1. Perm Imperial
Cupper Works, 6.
South Australia, Graham and Hallett, 3.
ZoUverein (!), Welsh aupt Ac Sons, 412.
Malt— III. Wri(?ht, 107. New Zealand, Hooper Ac Co., 39.
Malt, Crystallized— hi. Poole, 146.
Malt-drying Machines— vi. Corcoran and Co., 416. ix.
Abbott, 55.
Manchester, Plan of the Town— xxx. (Fine Art
Court) Adshead, 328. Illustration of Sewering,
Paving, Sec. at — vii. Nay lor, 81.
MASDOUsva— Switzerland, Metert Ac Co., 97.
Mandrils— VI. Hick Ac Son, 218.
Manganese, and Manganese Ore— i. Fahie, 30. Sweet-
man, 40. Williams Ac Sons, 505. 11. Kane, 53.
Canada, I..ogan, 1. France, Cavelan Ac Co., 1131.
Hamburgh, Meyer, 1. India, i.
New Zealand, Mcleod 30. McRae, 8.
Van Diemen's Land, Milligan, 268.
Zo//ycre.n(l), Biegel, 311. Harkort, 874. (6), Briel
Ac Co., 4. Rosenberg Ac Co , 2. (n),JNa8i>au Go-
vernment Eniiineers of Mines, 1.
Mangles— IX. Wilkinson, 220. xxii. Baker Ac Co., 547.
Dannatt,43. Moreton,554. Strutlerd, 545. Tindall,
542. Wilkinson, 540.
Man-belp for Painting Ships, Acc.—vii. Williams, 128.
DESCRIBKD IN THE CATALOGUE.
Ixxvh
ttl«, 108. Levy,
Perm Imperial
Williams, 128.
Man, liUB or, Lirr. BuAn viii. Fowcctt, tii.
M ANIOCA I'urtUjial, Butr 'hu, 34 1 , 04*2.
Manna - Van l>Umm'i i^uod, Buuut), '280,
Mannitb-ii. I'icoluitu, 33.
Mannitk, Crtitallized- II. Smith, T. ft U. 94.
Manombtow— fVaiic*, Oaly Caialot, 1230.
MANTEL-PiKcea.— 8>« Chimntg-pitMi,
Manufactorv (MuUel of) — xxx. (Fiii* Art Court) Nor-
Ion, 346.
MANOrACTUREi (Vtrioui D«>if(nt for)— xxx. (Fine Art
Court) Wyatt, 30. nravei, 322. Harvay, 1 19.
franc*, D« Linle, Ui5. Oulim>iri1, 224. Jaret, 888.
Miiynitir, 038. Rat(ut, D7I. KouK«t ile Liilv, 1466.
Manure Machine— A^«M«r/aii(/<, Htum, 73.
Manuru-i. Blvlh & Jacob*, 131. Kvaiii, 327. Gill, 38.
Harris, 42. Iptwich Muwum Committer, 3d. I^incw,
37. Nvvbiit, 46. K,imHay. A. 44. Rainaay, 6. II.,
2t)0. Tvichamachur, 41. ii. Mob«rl«y, 17. ix.
Blackhall, 33. Daniell, 263.
Belgium, Burlier, 9i. Denmark, 0#vn, 44.
/Vance. Fouche le Helletier, 122'J. Rancher, 1422.
ZoUoeiein (I), Wuttchter, 434. See uitu Guano.
Manuscriith ^f the 15th century)— /ronce, Luiidy, 014.
Maps (Varioui)— i- Knipe, 529. x. Aciorno, 218. Clup-
ham, 712. Denton, 317. bandenon, 160. xvii.
Candy, 60. Cruchley, 74. Hughei, 4. National
Mociety, 211. Orr & Co., lOU. Huff & Co., 103.
Saunderton, 37. Tupiwrell & Innee, 191. Whitehead,
1U2. xxx. (Pine Art Court) Wishaw, 232a.
ilu((ria, Cerri, 364. Military Geographical Institute,
363. Kayier, 368a. Muller, 372. Kaffeliperger.
365. Belgium, Vaiiderniaelen, 437. Egypt, 126.
' France, Buuerkeller & Co., Iu72. Coiiiuin, 804. Ma-
brun, 1653.
Aeio South Walet, Mitchell, 5.
JVew Zealand, Moore, 37,
Nova Scotia, Central Committee, 2,
United States, Bidwell, 477. Coltim, 310. Cowper-
thwaite & Co., 360. Diiituriiell, 215. Luwience, 521.
Sherman & Smith, 143. Siebert, 505.
Zullverein (I), Heymann, 290. Schro)>p, Simon, & Co.,
303. Stolle, Dr., 895. Trautwein, 158. (3), Itoyal
Saxon Military Plan Office, 184. (6), Joughaus &
Venator, 0. See also Atlases. Globes.
Maps, Ordnance— i. Tennant, 199. viii. Ordnance
Survey Department*, I2S.
Maps in Reuef— xxx. (Fine Art Com itaveley, 263.
/Vance, Guas D'At^nen, 1238, 1635.
Switzerland, Schneiter, 42. Zollverein ( I ), Dickert, 432.
Mardles (Specimens uf) — Western End, South Enclo-
sure (Outside), Franklin, 28. I. 155. Bell, 189.
Ciark, 100. Cumniing. 195. Fa1iie,3i). Gelling, 139.
Hall, J. &T., 146. Howard, 29. I^ntaiitne, 138.
Manderson, 148. Quillam & Creer, 151. Tayler,201.
Whittaker, 53. xxvii. Frankliu, 73. Porter, 66.
Pulham, 108. xxx. (Fine Art Court) Cuute, 140.
Belgium, Fallon Pirn, 10. Canada, Logan, I.
/Vance, Caffort, 444. Coliu, 1561. Derville & Co., 162.
Seguin, 1693.
Greece, 25-39, 43-45, 47, 49. Cleanthes, 40-42. Hy-
mettUH Monastery, Prior of, 48. India, I,
Portugal, 120-231.
Spain, 30, 32. AlmeriaMines, Inspi-ctorof, 13. Asdirias
^ Mines, Inspector uf, 15. Cordova, Mining Iiisjiectur
of. Snail), 29. Granada Mines, Inspector of, 16.
Madrid Royal Library, 31. Sautosy l)iaz,34. United
States, M'Kensie, 569. Pierce, 248a.
Fan Diemeris Land, Denison, Sir W. T., 337. Strutt,
232.
Zollverein (I), Laverdure, 845. Meyem-Hohenberg,
892. Riiueland Ducal Foundry Inspection, 780. (8),
Diei Marble Mauuractory, 5. See also Purheck
Marhle,
Marble Colomks, Slabs, akd other Works — i. Cliam-
pernowne, 158, page 848. Culles, 140. Franklin, 144.
xxvi. Hunter, W. J. R. & K., 202. xxvii. Bird, 83.
Cumming, 64. Hull, J. & T., 37, 38. Hoban, 58.
Lonias, 8l. London Marble ii Stone Company, 17.
Monteagle, Lord, 72. Oldfield & Co., 76. Ujyal
Dublin Society, 71. Rumley, 59. Stuart, 55. Tur ier.
K2. Vallunee, 40. xxx. (Fine Ait Court) Simmvus,
126.
Btlqium, Dramanet de Biesma, Viset., 16. Gulslaiu
423. Laclerq. 425. SoHth 4/rica, Wells, 69.
France, Simon, 1016. India, i. xxvii.
Portugal, Bonnet, 258. Da Figuairedo, 248. 240,
252-257. DeJeanI, 232-217, 250, 251, 258-274.
Tbomar, Count, 1223. Home, 37. Tunis. 05.
Tuicanu, Fontina. 122. Guidutti, 92. Alsflvi, 9f.
Nobili, 91. Royal Technological Institute, 98.
Zollverein (1), Cainiaii, 235 (Main Avenue, East). Dtt-
visse, 837. Me) em, 892.
Marble, appucation or, to Miniature Paintino- -
xxx. (Fine Art Couit) Carrick, 242.
Marble, ARXiriCTAL— xxvi. Taylor tt Sons, 9. xxvii.
Ranitum Jt Parsons, 07. Austria, Behi, 645.
Sardinia, Spaniia & Co., 88.
Spain, The Apol) tomane Comnaiiy, 55a.
Marble, Imitation (Varluus) — xxvi. Arthur, 303.
Coumber, 3U7. Hanbiiry, 41. Hopkins, 234. Pur-
kias & Sun, 315. Sewell, C. & V., 340. Smith,
C, 341. Smith, G. F., 141. Suuthall & Co., 342.
XXVII. Bradley, 39. Buckley, 44. lies, C. Ik C, 28.
Kershaw, I. Muoie, 25. Nicol& Allen, 69. Oliver,
41. Read, 32. Wilsun, 14. xxx. (Fine Art Court),
Williams, 82.
France, Bisiaux, 767. Evrot, 190. Letillois, 1322.
Marble Painting on Glass— xxiv. Davies, G., 37.
Davies, L., 38. Kiddle, 39. xxvi. Holland & Suns,
62a., 407. Lee, 43, 402. M'Lachlan, 337. Wallace,
2. xxx. (Fine Art Court) Lee, 341.
AIarble Pastes for Mosaics— xxvii. Skinner & Whal-
ley, 121.
Marble, Prepared (to resist Grease, &c.)— xxvii.
Page 26.
Marble and Stone Working Machinery, &c.— ix.
Hudd, 157.
Marine Engines. See Steam- Engines, Marine.
Marine Glue— viii. Jefl'eiy & Co., 188.
Marine Plants— iv. Holt, 128.
Marine Productions — Bermudas, Jackson, 2.
Marking Ink — See Ink, Marking.
Marl. Turkey. United States, Braxton, 269.
Marquees— <S'ee Tents and Marquees.
Marqueterie— XXVI. Bailes, 20d. Boadella, 193. Bruns-
wick, 180. Gilluw & Co., 186a. WaUun, 175.
Wood, 109.
Marqueterie, Imitation — France, Pichot, 349.
Mart's, St., Church, Whitechapel (Model)— xxx.
(Fine Art Cuurt) Evans, 202.
Masks— .i4u8(ria, SeraBno, Palatini, & Co., 702.
Masonic Jewels— xxiii. I^enstark, 62,
Masons' Tools— i. Mitchell, 461.
Mast Clamps- viii. Beadon, 90.
Masting-Shears — VIII. Hughes, 318.
Masts (Ships')— viii. Burgess, 123. Dempster, 174,
Ferguson, C. A. &T., 184. Shuldham, 172. Bermudas.
Matches— II. Dixon, Son, & Co., 126.
Match-boxes— 5ee Lucifer-Match Boxes.
Mathematical Instruments— x. Adorno, 218. Ashe,
194. Braham, 2S9. Cameron, 356. Gerard, 109.
Graham, 359. Haggard, 328. Hardy, 348. Miller,
361. Parkes & Son, 671. Penrose, 318. Rookes,
J. & A., 340. Russ, 342. Williams, 352. Yuteii,
378. xxx. (Fine Art Couri), Rowuey & Co., 3.
Belgium, Groetaeres, 156.
France, Buron, 443. DeHbordet), 1587. Gnidicelli 8e
Delabarre, 1614. Lemseigne, 1728. Molteni &
Siegler, 649. Jersey and Guernsey, Le Moyne, 5.
Switzerland, Gisi, 85. Homel-Eiser', 81. Kern, 88.
United States, Fisher, 263.
ZoWyerein (1), Liiltig, 81. (2), Riefler, 34. See also
Geometrical Instruments.
Mathematical Telegraph— C/ni<ed States, Fuller, 490.
Matico (Drug)- II. Keating, 102.
Mat Machine (for wiping Shoes)— xxx. (Fine Art
Court) Deacijck, 72.
Mats— XIV. Dagnall & Co., 89. Wall, E. & T., 70. xvi.
Robinson, 7. xxviii. Armstrong, 43. Bevington &
Morris, 38. Canley, 193. India, xxviii.
Ixxviii
ALPHABETICAL AND CLASSIFIED LIST OF ARTICLES
jV«(A«r/aNdf, Crap, -iV PorlHgat, Vtnitt, UU. Soum,
lirj.
KutBin, Iranofl, 367. LcvMhtlT, 20(1. Schulti, 2i18.
Soeiitg Mimd$, Quwn Vamm, I . THni$, 1 7H- 1 80, 1 8 i.
IKMlfrN Mrka, Furiter li Smith, 2. Yiotttr, S.
Weilon, r.
Haplr Hvauk —CatMila, B*Im, 67, Fiihtr, 60, Munt-
rcitl C»mniiMion, 66. Piirktr, 69.
Nova Scotia, Cvntral Cummittoc, 8.
Ui>it*d Statu, Hariiri, 2-16. Deun, 343. Dix, 130.
Mattiho— xxviii. Kubiwon k Co, 42.
Aljfria, Btni Snout Tribe. 67. Ctgloit,
China, Hcwett k Co. ^gpt, 128.
Aew Zealaml, Culliniton, 3. Moure, '-^7.
Portugal, Ferraira, 1112-1110. Sm klw Coeoa-nul
t'ior*, ^c.
Mattrassks— IT. Nightingal* k Co. 97. xii. k xv.
Grini, 208. xxvi. Bitom, 218. Johoilon k Co., 7.i.
Unilmi Statu, KitteiidM, 293.
Mattram Covkrh —Btlqium, Ft*lhoen-C<)iick«, 481.
Mbanvru. See Citrn or Seed Meter i. Weight* S[ Meatiirei.
MiAauRiNO Apparatus (fur Tailor<)— x. ThompMii, 363.
XX. Cattitnach, 133a. Junn, 141). Hubiiiiuii, I4Ua.
Smart, 13.). Uniled States, Oliver, 393.
MxAtcRiNo Machines— VI. Wbitworth & Cu. 201.
J\i$cttiii/, Gunnella, 37,
MmAr-CvTrOL— United Statei, P«rry, 72. See alio Saut-
age Choppers.
Mbat, KgBKNCE or— in. VVarriner & Soyer, 21.
Mkat Phksrrver— XXII. Huckin, 302.
Mrat Scrgbn— XXII. AndrewvK, 379.
Mkath, Prbskrved— £!ra Provisions, Preserved,
Mkchanical Drawinos from Sculpture — fVanc«,
Lhoeit, 012.
Mechanical Fiodrbs— /Va/tce, Mullat, 1340. See alxo
Lai/ Figures. Milliners' Dolls,
Mechanical Inventions (Uodetcribed) Specimens of—
United States, Godwin, 217.
Mechanical Pictures— xxvi. Qt'iM, 401.
M»x;hanical Purchases— xxviii. liodKea, 73.
Mechanical Stllabicator— XVII. Banner, 60.
Metonic Acid— II. Mnnon k Son, 106.
Medallions— xxni. Hdt, 106.
Austria, Petn)wils, 730.
Borne, 39. Busiia, Count Tolitoy, 328.
nscany, Giuili, 117.
Medals- VIII. National Institution for the Prewivation
of Life from Shipwrrck, 309. xxil. Allen & Moore, 300.
Ottley, 306. PiK0tt&Co.2Sl. xxx. (Fine Art Court)
Adamit,281. VVoodlioute, 289a. Wyon, L. C. 286.
Wyon, W. 284.
Austria, Fruener, 732. Zappharelli, 733.
Belgium, Hart, 441. Jehotie, 447. Wieuer, 443.
Canada, Wlifeler, 333.
Denmark, C^nradsen, 36. Petersen, 35.
Russia, Tolstoy, Count, 328.
United States, Uevelol, 189.
2o//(;erein (I), Fischer, 281. Pfeufier,286. See also
Coins.
Medalh, Coins, kc, Fac-similes of— xxviii. Peel, 173.
Medical Cloth Tbacked with India Rubber) — xii. & xv.
Wilkinson, 51.
Medical Herbs k Druos (Various) —ii. The London
Drng^iats, 117. Austria, Batka, 100.
British Guiana, Duf^sin, 70.
Cci/Wa, Fletcher, 127. Macculloch, 72.
South 4frica, Jeppe, 4. Scheuble & Co. 48. Thal-
witser, 3.
Spain, 118, 119, 130, 122, 123, 123. Bartolome, 126.
Durango y Trigo, 127. Palencia, 121. Pardo y Bur-
tolini, 116. Saragossa At-ademy of Medicine ft Sur-
gery, 128».
7V<»is, 136. See alio Chemicals. Drugs.
Medical Walkino-Staff (containing Instrument!),
Medicine, &c.)— x. Gray, 10 (a.
Medicatf.d Bands (for tlie Cure of Rheumatiim) — x.
Coles, 660. Austria, Bachrich, 43a.
Mf.dicine Chests— xxix. Lucas, 49,
Medico-Chiruroical Ambulance -x. Veitch, 6.
Medico-Galvanic Apparatus— x. Hoarder, 439.
Mkoiabval OlMCCTa (UiidairrlUd^ — Xollverein (5),
Sehwarber, 30. Sm alio Ecclesiastical Furniture.
Mrkrschaun — Greece, 33. 7Vr%.
Meerschaum Pipes— xxiii. luderwicb, 06. xxix. Bar-
ling k irtons, 303.
Austria, All>a, 664. BeUiegil, 607. Qrunhul, A. 673.
Urunhut, J. 673. Grunhut, W. 674. Zeiii^r, 687.
Spain, 4ik. Zollverein (1), iEiegler, Brothers, 7M I.
Melodiun Organs — France, Alexandre & 8on, 1719.
Mrlophonem hVance, Pellerin, 1383,
Meltino k Diitillino (New Mode oO -xxii. Defiles,
482.
Mkrcurv— I. Forbes, 333. ii. Howards k Kent, 1 1.
Mercury, Biniodideof— ii. Hopkins ft Williams, 41.
Mercury, Bisdlphurbt or — /'or/u(/a/,S<-rsvdell(i&Cu.flO.
Mercury, Chemical Preparations or— ii. Huskisiun,
J W. & H. 86. Austria, Urosilie, 30.
Mercury, Oxide or— i'orfu^a/. Seal, 78,
Merino Fabrics (Various)— xi. Henry k Soni, 13. xii.
k XV. Brewiii k WlieUtnne, 343. Clough, 131.
Craven k Son, 149. Day k Hon, 11.1. Hudson k
UousHeld, 21. Mason k Co. 303. Rogers, 497.
Schofleld, A., 474. Schwann, Kell,& Co. 141.
Belgium, Wood, 492.
France, Bahuet, 17. Bnibeanx I,ieeuyrr, 19. Bouches-Po-
thier, 34. Cnillet, h2. D.tuphinot-Perard,471. David-
Labbes k C >. 138. Fournival k iJo. -,^21. Galland,
989. Gesaon-Maxille, 2.>3. Gigot k Boisotau, 331.
Girot de I'Ain, 1249. Lamoit, 806. Lemaitre, 1316.
I^siieuxft Son, 1321. Leveit, Urothers, 1324. Lurai,
Brothers, 1331. Maquet, 60-i. Mxquet-Hcrmel, 603.
Mareelle, 603. Oudin-Cormy, 669. Petil-Cieuient,
679. Ragot-Mayens, 072. Ramliouillet National
Sheepfold, 1 080. Keqnillart, Rou»s<-ll, k Ciioc(|ueel,
1433. Robert-Boilemi, 31. Rol>ert-Guerin, Itll.
Iiol>i rt-?4athieu, 1443. Rousielet & Barunnet, 1459.
Sautret k Son, 1473. Vaucher-Picare, 710. Yeissiere,
720. Bussia, Volner, 190.
Switzerland, Mueller, Pluess, &Co. 151. Ziegler, 140.
Zolloerein (1), Rothschild, 28. See also Cashmeres,
Cohourg Cloths. Orleans Cloth. Paramatta Cloths.
Merino Wool — iv. Dorrien, 81. y/uMi'a, n.n., 125.
Zollverein^V), KUpfer, 29. OberburggrafVon Brunneck,
43.
Metal (Anti-friction) —xxii. Bolt k Allen, 422.
Metal Articles (Varioui) — xvii. Cundy & Aildey, 106.
XXII. Allen & Moore, 300. See alio Hardware.
Metal Bunds- xxvi. Burt, 390.
Metal Castings (Undeicribed)— xxii. Stocker, 414.
Metal k Flock combined— xxvi. Williams & Co., 321
Metal Gauges— x. Hayward, K. L. & W., 2U8.
Metal Model— 1. Ibbetson, 486a.
Mf.tal, Perforated— xxii. Tylor & Pace, 63. See also
Blinds, Perforated.
Metals and their Alloys (Various) — i. Jordan, 487.
Metals, Malleabiuty of (Illustrations of) — xxiii.
Marsliall, 104.
Metals (Rolled) -xxii. Kverilt k Son, 392.
Metallic Clay, Articles in— xxvii. Haywood, II. &R.
127.
Metallic Cloths & Gattzes -Irance, Ruswag k Sun,
1638.
Switzerland, Graeser & Schweiier, 316.
Metaluc Colouring, New Mode of— xxx. (Fina Ait
Couit) Gould, 247.
Metallic Cord —xxix. Ritchie, 259. See also Wire Rope.
Metallic Lava Pavement— xxvii. Orsi & Armani, 30.
Metaluc Letters (for Hxing on GUss)— xx. Wond-
liouse, 180. xxx. (Fine .\rt C mrt) Humphreys, 33lA.
See also Brass Lettering.
Metallic Paste or Cement (for preventincr Damn in
Walls)— V. Cheavin, 448.
Metal'JC Pocretbooks— XVII. Ciark & Davidson, 135.
Penny, 32.
Metallic Roofing. See Iron Roqfing.
Metaluc Shield- x. Jones, 632.
Metallic Sponges— France, Clienot, 119.
Metbooraph— X. Hiirdy, 348.
Metronomes-x. Greaves, 503. S:holefield, 148. See
also Norma Viriums.
DESCRIBED IN THE C4TAL0aUK.
Ixxix
k, 00. XXIX. Bitr-
>0 -XXII. DMfiiui,
i)ia, N.N., 12^.
;raf Vun Brunnock,
>ace, 63. See also
e, RoNwag & Sup,
-XXX. (Finu Art
•e also Wire Rape.
r«i & Arnmni, 3*1.
nan)— XX. Wo(m1-
Iiimphreya, 'i3\A.
U.WTRUPOUTAN CaTTM AND CaRCAIM MARKKT, ABAT-
TuiR, &c,(Mu(l«l)-vii. Dunhill, 00.
MiCHOUHArillC iNRTHVNKNTa— Atiiir*. Nkchtt, 1370.
Mii'HoMKTUH ZollvtretH (\), Nobtrl, 77.
MicHUNooFK, llliMlratiuiKurth* Uttauf lb*— X. Laiinaril,
3U6.
MicRotcoPM- X. Abraham ft Co. 3A3. Chailhurn,
Iirothtri,a40. Jackton, K. & W. 338. Ladil, aOlA.
Pilliichai, 3(i9. KoM, 334 (Main At«iiu<-, Wukt).
8lmilb<ilt, 077a. Sweden ^ Aorwig, Littman, 13.
Untied Slalei, Haiart, 16.
ZoUverein (I), Aunfvld. 704. (2), Mwii k Soni, 30.
Micxoacopxa, Achromatic, &e.— x. Kivlil k Sun, 330.
KiiiK, 287. KUitehirr, 260. Frllehard, 248. Smith
k U«vk, 333.
MiCRoscoPKH, Oxt-Htdrooxn— X, Hornfl k Co., 330.
IblMtiiion, 430.
Micnoac <pt! Taduw— x. Smith k Back, 333.
MicRoaC'.pic OiUKCTB— X. Halt, 340. Hutlaon, 330.
Poult )n, 333. Slark, 284. ToppiuK, 667.
France. UuurguKiie, 434.
Microscopic Odjectb, Cabinkt for— x. Smith k Back,
233.
Mildew -Egypt, 21.
MiLDBW Oih—J^ypl, 39.
MiLEoMicTER— X. Wvbitar, 67lA.
MlUTAllV AcCODTREMKNTt — VIII. BtvinRtOD, 213.
Hawkaa k Co., 313. Landun k C»., 201. xvi.
Ooary, 233. xix. Hanaoii, 188. xx. BuckmMtcr, 1.
Lyoix, 67. Middlcbrookf, 123.
Canada, Murrii, 334. India, viii.
JVtther/ande, Hrynvberger, 102a.
Sardinia, aaiidulll, 03.
ZoUverein (1), Meiitiel, 94. (6), Maury, 21. See aUo
Chacoet Sf Helmeti. Regimental Trowien. Swordt.
MlUTAHY ACCOCTHENBNTS (Brail Muuntiii|{i fur) — viu.
Firmin k Soni, 211. xx. Wuodhouie, 180.
MiUTABY Cu>AK CoAT (Deaigii fui)— VIII. Howell, 310.
MiUTART Plans, Mouklb, &o.— viii. Moulin, 272.
Belgium, Neyt, 137. Aino Zealand, Halneuvia.
Mils, Consolidated or Soudifieo— hi Padauilhc,
140. £>«/9tMm, Fontaine, 67.
France, Martin de Lignac, 0'J2. 13m alio Concentrated
Milk. Lactine.
Milk, Kssence of— in. Moore, 130.
Milk Pails, Tubs, &c.— ix. Jolly, 69. xxn. Walton &
Co. 60. Swilterland, Faeaiiier, 329.
Milk Strainer— ix. Jully, 60.
Millboards— XVII. Spicer, Brothcn, 42. See alio Card-
board,
MiLUNERs' Dolls— JVance, Daiijard, 136.
Millinery. See Bonnett, Straw. Bonntta (variotii).
Wearing Apparel.
Mills (UndMrrlbed)— fVanM, Mouiiillac, 933.
United States, Hom, 213.
Mills, Corn-chcsrino and Grindino. See Corn-
grinding, ^c. Mills.
Millstone Dressing Machine— v. Pariuni, 642.
Millstones- I. Corcoran k Co, 416. Sparki, 154. vi.
Hughes k Suns, 459. Huxhama k Drown, 446.
Tomi & Co. 407
St. Hubert, 8.
Belgium, Morimunt, 0.
Canada, Logan, I .
France, Gaillard, 226.
Montcharraont, 650.
083. Roger, 1448.
ledeld, 148. See
Gueuvin-B>:uehnn & Co. 033.
Petit, Son, k Co. 343. Riby,
Thell, 1035. Thibault Boilesve,
1002. Touaillon, 1008. Greece, 18. Dinis, 167.
ZoUverein (1), Landau, 321. Micbeli, 871.
Millstones, Apparatus for supplying Air to the
Surface of— vi. Hurwood, 414.
Milton, Royal Terrace Pier at (Model oO— vii.
Rolinan, ]'.'.
Mine Shaft Machinery (for ascending & descending)
—I. Blee, 439. W bite & Grant, 471. v. Begg, 407.
Fourdrinier. 406. Belgium, Vander HHcht, 475.
Mineral Blue. See Ature.
Minerals and MineralOres (Various andUndcscrihed)
—1.32,34. Brymbo Co., 274. Burr, T. W. &G. 49.1
Clive, 277. Deering, 121. Ilownid, 2!>. Ipswich
Museum Committee, 35. Lance, 37. Mitchell, 45.
Randall, 270. Row Ian lion, 4!)0. 8mit;i,4g0. Don-
with, and a Commiltva of Mining Aftnli, 483. TaV
ling, 33. Taylor, 474. Tenixut, 14. Wallac* k
CwiKr, 510. XXVII. 29.
Alyerta, Alglara Minaa Cummiaiion, 40. Bonn Minss
CommiHiun, 46,
Atistria, Batka, 9. Chrittalnigg'n, Count von. Mining
Company, 4U4. Kggtr, Count, 40 1 , 403, Ilochber-
5vf, 14. KaiigTvl, 8. Kochmaistar, 0. Koaaurh,
00. Pillvrwa k Z»nnbaeh Sinalting Wnrki, 407.
Radmtialar Community, 400. Rauacher k Co. 403.
Sapy, 6. Ssumrak, 4. Upper Hungaiiaii Mining
Aaioeiation, 3. Vienna Imperial Mines, S, 408.
Zemberg Mine, 7. Zuis, 400.
Caiuuiri, l^igan, I. Wilton, 9.
Ceiflon. Falkland Islaadi, WhittinglOD.
Fi-anee, Baiin, 708. India, i.
Madeira, Head, 1 .
Aew Brunswick, Fraier, 9. McCully, 1 1 .
Aew Soutk V/ales, Dudgeon k Co., 1 1 . Aew Zealaml.iS.
Portugal, 1-17, 20-27; 08-60, 8i-10A 106-109, 119.
Ruetia, 'i'i, Alexandrovik imperial Cannon Fouudrjr, 2.
Baniaoulik Imperial Works, 4. Boguslovsk Cupper
Worki, 30. Kamenik Iron Works, 8.
Sardinia, Orange, 1.
South Australia, Graham & Co., 3. Joseph, 7. South
Australian Company, 1.
Spain, 3. Almeria Mines, Inspector of, 13. Asturias
Mines, Inspector uf, 10, Barcelona Mines, Inspector
of, 2. Ceruin, 1. Granada Mines, luapictor of, 16.
OuipuseuaMines, Inspeclorof, 4. LaMancha Muien,
Inspector of, 6. Leon Mines, InniMctorol, 17. Linares
Lead Mining Aiiociation, 14. Linaras Minea, DirvC'
tor of, 5, Lugo Minei, Snh-Inspectur ol', 18. Ma-
laga Minei, Ini|<H'tor of, 19. Marte Mining Cum-
uany, 10. Muicia Mines, lus)iector of, 7. Pedro
be Araya'i Factory, 12. Rio Tinto Mines, Director of,
8. SantanderMines, Innprctorof, 0. Saragoisa Mines,
Inapectur uf, 11. Zamnra Minea, Inspector of, 20.
Sweden and Norway, Flood, 7. Grekasar Blast Fur-
nace, 3. Hellefor's Irun Works, 4. Legerhjahn, 1.
Osterby Iron Works, 0. Reltitr, 2.
Trinidad, Lord Harrii, 26. Tunis, 25.
T\iscanu, Volterra Salt Munufaclorv, 2.
C^ntlec/StcKes, Cocke, 271. Collyer, 289. Faber, 279.
Faker, 280. FeuUhwanger, 469. Maupin, 2b0.
New Jersey Min>ng Curonany, 166. Tuurev, 160.
ZoUverein (1), Bii-get, 311. ' BiMhop and Rhuiliut, 312.
Drauenr & Co., 314. Bredt & Co., 315. Coaack,
82.5. Drealer, 449. Kachweiler Mints tt Fondrriex,
318. Felthausa, 666. HaKen,322. Hamblock, 454.
Koningah-iette, Royal Works at, 3. Ulrich k C>.,
4.'il. Malapui.d Royal Prussian Iron Works, 2. Mein-
ershagen k FCreuaer, 316. (8), Nassau Government
KngineeiN of Mines, 1. &e aUo Cup/ter Ores. Iron
Ores. Zinc Ore.
Mineral Oils— ii. Young, 7.
Trinidad, Lord Harris, 10-14.
ZoUverein (I), Wit^smann & Co., 331.
Mineral Paints— i. Thorne, 470. ii. Blundell, Spenve
& Co., 48. Coulson, Jukei, & Co., 72.
Nova Scotia, Centml Committee, 2.
United States, Mott, 8 1 .
Mineral Washing Cases— <%« Ore Washing Cases.
Mineral Waters (uHtural and artiScial)— i. Ellis, 13.
II. Godson, 50. Schilling & Sutton, 52. Siruve & Co.,
52a.
Canada, Mann, 324.
Sardinia, Domenget, 06.
Tint's, 152, 133. See also Soda Water. Soda Water
Machines.
Miniature Frames — France, Carre, 445. Marten*, 610.
Miniature Painting— xxx. (Fine Art Court) Tenuent,
273. /'ronce, De Bustard, 1717.
ZoUverein (4), Holder, 106.
Mining Machinery and Implements- i. Hoaking, 472.
VI. Waaley, 412. India, \i. See also Boring Ma-
chines and Tools. Chains for Pits. Coal-mine A/a-
chinertj. Fuzes for Blasting. Leud-mine Machinerij.
Parachute for Mines. Pumps, Mining.
Ixxx
ALPHABETICAL AND CLASSIFIED UST OF ARTICLES
Mining Vbntilatino Apparatus— vii. Reltie, 159.
Belgium, CuuilM Miiiei, liiU, Francr, Mehu, 627.
Mint, Essence ov—Eyijut, ill.
Mirrors. See Loohiny-glasses.
M18CEU.ANEOU8 Artici£8 (Undescribed)— xxviii. Can-
niDga, 186.
MiBSALi, KoMAN — Belgium, Haniq, 233. Wesmael-Legros,
•m.
Mixed Fabrics (Cotton, Silk, Wool, &c.)— xii. & xv. But-
tumley He Suns, 169. Clabbiirii & Son, 28-1. Clap-
ham, 157. Day & Son, 113. Drummond, 15U.
Kcioyd & Son, I3U. Ellis, 70. Fuiter & Sun, 143.
Fow1«r & Co., 309. Oreffory, Brothers, 182. Jebb
& Soiia, 82. Juwtitt & Co., 114. Mason & Co., 303.
Milhgan & Son, 140. Peace & Co., 91. Peuae,
Hraioii & Co., 60. Pugh, 306. Suyce & Co., 307.
Schofielil, Brown & C'.. 3. Thornton & Co., 32.
Treinel & Co., 147. Welcli & Co., 304. Willey,
Nephew & Co., 310. Woodhouse, 71. xiv. Ueve-
ridi;r> 29. xviii. Andrews, Sons & Gee, 5. Ban-
nerman & Sons, 33. Crocker J. & A,, 11. Inglis &
WakeHeld, 4. Kessulmeyer & C >. 44. Ramsey it
Co. 32. Samuels & C»., 31. Thomson, Brothers,
25. Woodcroft & Co., 45. xix. Ladies' Industrial
Society, 213. xx. Mucdoo);all, 83.
Austria, Fiirsi, 296. Kroitzsch, 297. Tial, 307.
Westhauster, 303.
France, Route, 33. Mollet-Watme, Brothers, 648.
Veliii, Brothers, 721. Vigoroux, 728. India, xv.
Switzerland, Borel, Boyer & Co., 37. Mueller, Pluess &
C>., 151. Naef, 131. r»r%.
Zollvtrein ( I), B.iuer & Furbringer, 72). Bodemer, 726.
Boeddinghaus & Co., 572. C >hii & Hermann, 104.
Cohii & Co. 137. Diergardt, 509. Kuiiifcuaiiii, 123.
Lorrntz, 588. Neuhaus, 577. Pferdmengex, Brothers,
574. Pler<lmenge» & Kleiiijting, 573. PtirflTers & Ax,
667. Pintus, 135. Riirmann & Me>'kel, 580.
Scheibler, 3'i4. Siissmann & Wiesenthal, 132. Zoll-
mann & Steigerthal, 566. (2),Steinhaeii8er, 44. Treii-
dels & Son, 41. (3), Dietrich & StratT, 103. Oraefe
&Son, 102. Lehmaiin,107. Richter, 104. Trinks,98.
See aUo Linen ^ Silk mixed Fabrics.
MoBAiR, Mohair Cloth, &c. — xii. & xv. Baufrhan,
Brothers, 183. Gill & Bishop, 77. Ha^gas & Sons,
155. Huth & Fischer, 123. Lambert, 30. Milli|;an
& Son, 140. Sulr, 139. Smith & Son, 29. Stowell
& Sii»;den, 496. Townend, Brothers, 162. Walker &
Co. 23. Walker & Sons, 87. Wheeler, 271. xiii.
Browett, W. & H., 80. Turkey.
Zollverein (3), Haene), Brothers, 153.
Mohair Manufactures, ]ij.ustration8 of— xii. & xv.
Milligan & Son, 140.
M0LA88E8— .BriM'sA Guiana, Shier, 27.
Molasses, &c.. Centrifugal AppARATira for — vi. Na-
pier & Son, 158. Riitch & Finzee, 4U5.
Molasses Spirit— Fronce, Francuis-Gtegoire, ' 511.
Gregoire, 1739.
Moleskin Manufacture, Illustrations of — xi. Barnes,
40. See al>o Cotton Manufactures.
Monument to H.R.H. Prince Albert, Design [for —
XXX. Bennett, 268.
Monument, Gothic — Mather, page 850. Purdy, page
852.
Monument of London (Model) — xxx. (Fine Art Court)
Smith, l(i7.
Monumental Brasses, &c.— Archer, page 847. Gould,
page 849. Ross, page S52. Waller & Co., page, 8.')3.
Moon, Maps and Models of the— x. Blunt, 372.
Niismyth, 688. Readliouse, 677,
Mooring Chains- viii. Paikes, I OS. See also Chain
Cables. Screw Moorings.
Moquette — ivaHce.Requillart.Roussel&Cliocqueel, 14-33,
Moravian Settleme.nts, Labrador (Models of Dwell-
ings, &o., at)— y fix. Millalieo, 289,
Moreens — xil. & xv. Ciaven 1^ Ilarrop, 153. Salt, 139,
Morphia — 11. Mocf'arlan & C>., 107. Murson & Son,
106. India, 11.
Mortising and Bobino Machine— (Mted States,Oitii, 21,
Mosaic Work -xxvii. Bright, 80. Tomlinson, 79. x.xx.
(tine Art Court) Cricliton, 229, Wyatt, 30.
,<4u<itrta, Bigaglia, 600. GrOger, 631. Sfieluui, 638a.
Belgium, Convert & Lucas, 401. De Keyn, Brothers, 406.
Lerlerc, 425.
JVance, Bussi, 773. Chretin, 1561, Laurent-Fiancuu,
1297. Murcelin, 606. Theret, 1499.
Portugal, Bonnet, 258.
Home, 25, 32c, 36, 39. Barberl, 15. Boschetti, 17.
Moglia, 20, 21. Peter's, St., Royal Manufactory, 2 i.
Rinaldi (Main Avenue, East). Rocchigiani, 22,
Russia, Peter'ioif Imperial PoHihing Maoufaetory, 298.
Spain. Jimenez, 285.
7Wany, Bianchiui, 113, Buonnisegni, Brothers, 112,
Delia Valle, Brothers, 114. Romoli, 1 1 8, 11 9.
Zollverein (1), Kielman & Von Minutuli, 847, March,
240. MoosbriiKger & Kobbe, 428. Praetorius, 653.
SchievellHiin, 237, 1'iebbe, 33. Wiegandt, 415, (7),
Uoch, 5. See ulso Marble Pastes for Mosaic. Pave-
ment, Mosaic.
Mosaic Cloth Work— xii, & xv, Brayiham, 463.
Mosaic, Imitation — xxx, (Fine Art Couit) Albert, Hi*
Royal Highness Prince, 350,
Rome, Marrhesi & Co., 13,
Mosses- II. The London Druggists, 117. xv. Holt, 128.
Ruck, 5, New Zealand, 139.
United States, Davidson, 661. Miller, 559. Set also
Lichms.
Mother-of-Pearl— XXII. Banks, 287.
Mother-of-Pearl Articles— XXII. Brisband, 364.
Austria, Schwarz, 684,
China, Copland. Hewett & Co, Shea,
Bfgpt, Til, 273, Hamburgh, Eckert, 84, Turkey. See
also Buttons, Mother of Pearl.
Motion, New Method of Transmitting- x. Good, 146.
Motive Power (Model of convertible Wind, Water, or
Sttam power)— V. Fit*, 118.
Mouldings (Picture-Framo. Ceiling, Cornice, &c.)—xxvi.
Bielefeld, 157. Vipers, 362. White & Parlby, 6.
Woollams & Co., 210. xxvill. Blilard, 127.
France, Archambault, 401. Vincent, i525.
Moulding Machine— vi. Furness, 401.
Moulding I'ools — xxviii. Blizarj, 127.
C inada, Wallace, 147.
Mounto, Ste., for Drawings, &c. — xiii. Burke, 97. xvii.
Kirby, 23. xxvl Burke, 361.
Mouth-Bao for Horses— IX. Low, 264.
Mowing and Reaping Machines— ix. Bates, 190. Beck>
ford & Gosling, 60. Blakie, 89a. Fairless, 155.
Garrett & SonK, 142. Mackay, 81. Trotter, 145.
France, Brother Eustote, 193.
United States, M'Cormick, 73.
Mules (Cotton, &c., Spinning)— vi. Mason, 46. Parr,
Curtis, & Madeley, 6. Higgins & Suns, 14.
MuLTUM IN Uno (forming Loo, Bagatelle, &c. Table) —
XXVI, Jennens&Bettridge, 187 (Main Avenue, West).
MuNUics — See Pyrites,
MuNJEET (Dye)— XI, Sandeman, 2, -f
Muriatic Xcvo— Denmark, Owen, 44,
Zo//uertin (1), Matbes & Weber, 464.
Musuroosi Spawn — iii. Grace, 58a.
Music- XVII. Baxter, 209. Brettell, 169. Cocks, R.,
& Co. 123. Fromeneld School, 17.'. Wesley, 169.
Austria, Mechetti, 371. Muller, 372,
i^ra/ice, Brandos & Co., Ill I, Roussel, 361. Tauten-
stein & Cordel, 1029. ,
Hamburgh, Schuberdli & Co., 102.
Aoua Scotia, Central Committee, 2.
Zollverein (1), Kurner, 747.
Music, Diagrams for Teaching— x. Oakey, 075. See
ulso Transparent Music.
Music Kngravino, Plates for — France, Dumerey, 487.
Music (New System of )— xvii. Davis, ls3.
Music Printing— xvii, Armstrong, 77. Novello, 127.
Sinclair & Co,, 92, xxx. (Fine Art Court) Jullien
& Co,, 63, Hamburgh, Schultze, 46.
Music-Stands — X. Besunt, .%9, xxvi, Evans, 224,
McCiiUum & Hodsoii, 136. Riddett, 49.
Musical Bells— x, Drury,506. xxii, Warner & Sons, 798.
Musical Boxes — Austria, l{zeliit«chi'k, 162,
Switzerland, l)u (..'ommun GiriMl, 77. Gay & r.ouprin,
83. Jaccurd, Brothers, 27. Jaques & Son, 33. Le-
y
DESCRIBED IN THE CATALOGUE.
Ixxxi
H. Turkey. See
Burke, 97. xvii.
1,361. Tauten-
coiiltre, Brothera, !*0. Lecoultre & Sun, 32. Mtstisrl
& Laiigilarf, 97. Paillaril, 26.
Musical Composing Stick — France, Bencher, 60.
Musical Game— x. Prince, 522.
Musical Instruments (Various)— x. Anelli,311. Koeuip
& Pask, 5U4. Kubler, 010.
Austria, Hell, 152. Iluther, 149. Kiendl, 148. Pelitti,
161. Uiedl's Widow, 153. Rott, A. H, 158. Rott,
J., 199. Stehle, 154. Stohr, 160. Tbeiii, 152a.
Uhlmann, 155, Ziegler, 156.
Belaium, Mahillon, 179. Canada, McPbenon, 183.
China, Hewett & Cu.
France, Beiwm, 424. Cuuttois, 463, 1163. Debani,
1172. Derawy, 814. Gaubot, 844. Labbaye, 556.
Roth, 993. Savaresse, 907. Rax & Cu., 1726.
Triebert, 1510. Villeroi, 15-22. Viiillaume, 735.
India, X. Malta,Tonna,l. Turhei/. Tuscany, Von-
tina, A., 122.
Western Africa, M'William. Mataon, 9.
Zolherein (1) Sommen, 893. (3), Uenild, 19. Klemm,
18. Schuster, L. 22. SchuHter, M., 23. (6), Klein, 23.
See also Accordions, Bassoons, Clarionets, Cornet-a-
Pistons, Drums, Flutes, Guitars, Harmonicas, Har-
moniums, Harps, Oboes, Ophicleides, Organs, Piano-
fortes, Trombones, Trumpets and Horns, Violins,
Violoncellos.
Musical Instrument Strings — Austria, Callegari, 150.
Indi'i, 151. £e/^tHm, Lacroix, 4^0.
/ranee, Bernardel, 421. Cumbei, 459. Savareste, 997.
Zollverein (1), Reichel, Brother*, 442.
Musk, Artificial— ii. Godfrey & Cuoke, 02.
Musk Root— ii. Savory & Moure, 1 15
Muskets— See Guns, ^c.
Muslins — xi. Anderson, J. & A., 7. Auld & Co., 5.
Cook, W. W, & J.. 38. Crocker, J. & A., 61.
Davidson, W. & J., 17. linlayson & Co., 8.
Henry & Sons, 13. Johnson & Nephew, 55. Le-
thrrn, Biyth & Lethern, 9. Mair & Co., 59.
Owtram & Co., 62. Ko);ers, Lowett, Holy land & Co.,
58. Symington & Co., 14. Young & Co., 12. xili.
Grout & Co., 36. xiv. Holden & Co., 1. xviii.
Devns & Co., 6.
Austria, Leitenberger, E., 186. Leitviibtrper, F., 187.
FYance, Berr & C»., 54. Dollfus, Mieg & Co., 1191.
Feroiu lie & Rolland, 2(IU. Hartinann & Sons, 256.
Jourdain, 1631. Matagrin, Stoltx & Co., 016.
India, xi.
Russia, Charlovelz, 374. Rochefort, 176, 191, 199,
2U8.
Swi<zer/3n(/, Baenziger, 112. Fehr, 123. Forster, 193.
Imhoof, Briinnrr & C>., 127. Nef, 193. Schluepler,
135. Scblaepper, .Schlatter & Co., 201. Vonwi-Ucr,
140. Turkey. See ulso Gassing- Machines. Lawns.
Muslins (Desii^us for)- xviii. Ciidman, 74. Percival,
73. Roberts, Rl. Whittaker, 76.
Muslins, Sewed— xix. Brown, 64. C>>nnaught Schools,
Glasgow, 61. Macdonahl, D. & J. & Co., 66.
M>Furlane & Porter, 63. Park St. Thomson, 59.
Rohortsun & Sons, 62.
Musun Trimmings — xil & xv
Mustard— III. Colman, 117.
&Sons, 132.
France, Grey, 527. Louit, Brothers. & Co., 31f).
Spain, Cordova Agricultural Board, 99.
United States, M'Alister & Tannehill, 362. McColloch,
70.
Mustard Seed — Cape of Good Hope, Jeppe, 4.
Egypt, 51. Portugal, I'onte Boa, Viscount, 518.
Myutta Austraus — Van Diemen's Land, Dunn, 190.
Lowes, 191.
Myrrr— II. Lamplongh, 71.
Myrrhine aids to the Digestive Organs— ii. Lea,
1U5.
Nails— XXII. Kartrum & Co., 25. Cornforth, 322. Keep &
Walkins, 76. Manly, 313. Reynolds, 315.
Austria, Kgger, Count, 402. Ernst, 457. Falent, 468.
Sanderl, 459. Vingert, 460. Wtidl, 401.
Belgium, Couillet Mine* & Ciiarbonages, 120. De
Bavay, 361. Faucoiiier, 38U. Drion, 353. Lefibvre
Salomons & Sons, 305.
Dewur, 119. McGarry
& Co., 354. Limelette, 381. Macquinay, Brothers and
Nephew, 378. Mallet, 467. Sevrin, 367. Sieton, 358.
Canada, Holland & Dunn, 152.
Francf, Morel, Brothers, 1666. Sirot, 1017.
JVova Scctia, Archibald, 2. Russia, Zeitler, 343.
Siteden and Norway, Godgard Forges, 13.
United States, Field, 455. Morris, Joues, & Co., 44.
Swedish Iron Manufacturing Company, 320c.
Zollverein (3), Wolf, 29.
Nail-makinu Machine, France, Frey, 1C07.
Nankeens— XI. Major & Gill, 49. CAtna, Hewett & Co.
Malta, Dimech, 21.
Naphtha — Turkey. Zollverein (6), Oehler, 8.
Naphtha, Apparatus for producing -xxii. Pope, S66.
Naphthaune— II. Uvans, 5. Spencer, 31. Wilson, 6.
Napoleon, Statues, &c., of — France, Seguin, 1693.
Russia, Imperial Alexandruvsk Cannon Foundry, 285.
National Gallery, Design for— xxx. Bury, 349.
Natron — Egypt, 11, 16, 17.
Nautical Apparatus (Various)— viii. Wood, 102, See
also Binnaclei. Sfiips' Compasses. Mariner^ Logs,
Ships' Rudders. Ships' Soundimj- Leads.
Nautical Models — i. Vieille Muntagne Mining Company,
437. VII. Morton S. & H., 24. viu. Admiralty,
145, 146 (North Transept). Aldebert, 152. Allan,
85. Azulay, 39. Bailey, 64. Baillie, 70. Bilbe &
Co., 141. Brown, Sir S., 334. Browne, 158. Cole-
grave, 142. Deans, 40. Downs, 133. KUis, 129.
Eiiderby, 162. Grantham, 93. Gray, 160. Green,
131. Hall, 73. Harvey, 150. Hedley, 307. Hen-
derson, 306. Hodgson, 316. Horn, 161, Howe, 132.
Inglefielil, 99. Laing, 31.5. Lamport, 134. Lap-
tliorne, 170. Maclaren, 139. Moore, 35. Penrice,
173. Rose, 164. Royal Thames Yacht Clid., 294.
Russell, 127. Simons, 33. Smith, H., 165, 279.
Smith, T. W., 305. Stevenson, 304. Tovell, 37. Turn-
bull, K. 1:)4. Turnb-ill, R. 15.3. Weld, 186. White,
J., 36. White, T., jun., 52. While, T. J. & R., 36a.
Wigram, Money & Sons, 56. xxx. (Fine Art (3ourt)
Brooker, 109. Brazil, Cox, 2. China, Haemoud.
Hamburgh, Bufe & Son, 9. India, vill.
Lahuan, ffc, Hammond & Co., 2.
United States, Boole, 312. Davton, 449. Griffith, 226.
Pook, 446. &e also Boats. Figure-Heads {Ships").
Fishing-Boats. Steam- Vessels.
Naval Architecture (Diagrams, &c., illustrative of) —
VIII. Allan, 85. Brown, 334. Hall, 73. White,
52. Scamp, 298. Sloggett, 32. Smith, 125.
United States, Griffith, 226.
Nawab Nazim of Bengal, Articles presented to Her
Majesty by — India.
NEprANDRiA Radiaei, OB Green-heart Bark— ii.
Howards & Kent, 1 1.
Needle-making Machinery— vi. Morrall, 240.
Nfxdles- VI. Morrall, 210. xxii. Bartleet & Sons, 329.
Bonlton & Son, 330. Chambers, 297. Cocker & Sons,
115,234. Goodman, 335. James, 295, 3 1 7. Morrall,
333. Worrall & Co., 164. xxix. Kirby, Beard &
Co., 96. Austria, Strunz, 477.
Barbadoes. France, Tachy & Co., 1497.
Zollverein (1), Beissel & Son, 407. Schleicher, 405.
Needlework— XIX. Bales, 375. Braysbaw, 382. Daviei,
49. Faudel & Philliiis, 165. Hattlree, K. & G., 199.
Hayes, 330. Helleconner, 199. Hill & Co., 204.
Lee, 255. M'Darmid, 247. Phillips, 271. Pickthorn,
273. Read & Humphreys, 275. Robinson, 278.
Shaken, M., F., & E., 289. Teiinison, 313. Ward,
334. XX. Smith, 2!). Staiidish, 106. Staudou,213,
Belgium, Plettinck, 340. Van Loo, 339.
China, Rawson.
France, Billicoq, 26. Helbronner, 260.
Hamburgh, Appel, 119. Hartng, 115. .Severin, 118.
Persia, Thomson. Sweden and Norway, AIner, 42.
Switzerland, Uaenziger, 188. Schiess, 2u0.
United States, Gelsinger, 320. Golding, 320a. Leask,
108. See also Embroidery (Silk, Muslin, ^c). Tatting,
Netted Work— XIX. Wilson, 112. xxviii. School for
the Indigent Blind, 100. France, Ulancher, 27.
Western Africa, Trotter, 5.
Netting (for Fruit.Trees, &c.)— IX. Farlow, 221. Hall,
[Official Illustrated Catalogue.]
Ixxxii
ALPHABETICAL AND CLASSIFIED LIST OF ARTICLES
158. XIV. Morrifon 8c Hum, 49. xix. Hill, 185.
XXVIII. Woodlicad, 191.
Nettinu-Machines— CniVof Statei, M'Mullen, Ci4.
Newcastle and North Shields Hailway, Model of
Arch on the — vii. Oreeii, 3.
Newcastle-upon-Tyne Central Railway Station,
Hoof (Model) — vii. Dobsoii, 114.
Newcastle-upon-Tyne County Courts, &o. (Model*)—
XXX. (Fine Art Court) Grainger, 165.
Newcastle-upon-Tyne Uion Level Bridge (Draw-
ii)!^) — VII. Green, 3. Hawka, Criiwaliay, & Co., 86.
Newspapers (publiilieU in New York) — t/nttee^ States,
Bracli, Drollien, 544. Dawaon, 543.
New York (Views oO — United States, Bachman, 391,
New Zealand, Views, &c. or—Aew Zealand, Moore,
37.
Niagara, Falls of (MoieV)— United Slates, Cutlin, 531 ;
page 847.
Nibelunqenued Heroes CS(atues) — Austria, Salm,
Prince, 430.
Nicholas, St., Church, TlAMDURaH (Model)— vii. Scott,
22 (Main Avenue, West).
Nickel — Spain, Lugo Mines, Sub-Inspector of, 18. Ma-
laga Mines, Inspector of, 19.
Zollverein (8), Isaliellen Hutte Smelting Works, 3.
Nickel Ore— i. Goodhalc T; Reeves, 476.
Spain, Lugo Mines, Sub-Ins|)ector of, 18.
Night Dials— vii. Trutman, 155,
Night Lights- xxii. Bird, 267.
Nineveh Marbles (Models ol) — xxx. (Fine Art Court)
Layard, 78.
Nipple-Shields— X. Jones, 652.
Nitre — Portugal, Serzedello & Co., 42,
Spain, Elias, 39. Paulo y Daitolini, 44.
Nitric Acij>— Sardinia, Selopis, Brotliers, 4. India, ii.
Nitric Acid, Crystals of— ii. PontiiVx & WootI, 1.
Noctographs (for the Blind)— xvii, Wedgwood, 47.
France, Couteux, 8115.
NoRE Viaduct, Kilkenny (Model"' -vii. Moorsom, 178.
Norma Viriuhs, or Musical Accentuators— x. Simp-
son, 532. See also Metronomes.
Northumberland and Durham Coal-fields (Maps and
Flans illustrative oO — I. Coal-Trade of Norllmmber-
land and Durham, 273.
Noses, Artificial— x. Fuller, 592. Wliifehouse, 280.
NoYEAU, Crystallized- Sart/inta, Salucc, 10.
NuTOALLS — XVII. Hawthorne, 7, Iiuiia, iv.
HvT-Oit,— Spain, 166.
NcTS (Various) — British Guiana, Duggin, 20.
Portugal, 352-400.
Spain, 97, 110. Labat, 104. Malaga Board of Agri-
culture, 94, Reus Board of Trade, 109. Tarragona
Board of Agriculture, 114. VulgDmo, 98. Trinidad,
Lord Harris, runts, 107, 108.
Turkey. Western Africa, Jamieson, 22.
Oak-bark— J3e^'«m, Stabbe & Bacye, 97. See also Barks.
OuLVVl— Russia, Ardamatsky, Brothers, 99. Kazalett, 1U2.
Sabinin, 116,
Oars fob Boats — vni. Pearson, 65.
Hew South Wales, Bogue, 2, J\trkey.
United States, Page, 92.
Oat-Flour— III. Smith, 161. liussia, Davidofl", 332.
Oatmeal and Wheatmeal— III. McCann, 153, Buck
& Son, 162.
Canada, Kicher, 55. Squair, 51. Trcniiolm, 54,
United States, Clark, 234.
Oboes (or Hautboys) — Denmark, Selboe 31.
France, Buffet, 442. Zollverein (2), Boelim, 23.
Ochres (Yellow and other)— i. Qme, 12Sa, Jenkins &
Beer, 92. Sweetman, 40. Canada, Logan, 1,
JVance, Gautier, 1245. India, I.
Abt>a Scotia, Central Committee, 2.
Trinidad, Lord Harris, 17-20, 31.
Van Diemen's Land, Denisoii, Sir W. T., 335, 336.
Milligan, 265.
Odometer (for measiuring distances)— x. Payne & Co., 73,
Odoriferous Lighters (for igniting Tapers, Lamps,
&c.)— XXIX. Sandell, 97.
OrncE Index and Tablet Memento— x. Dyer, 379.
Oil for Painting— ii, Blundell & Co., 48,
Belgium, Vandestraeten, 84.
Oil-cake Miltj), Crushers, &c. — ix. Barrett, Exall,
& Andrews, 128. Bennet, 73. Halstead & Sons, 106.
Maynurd, 109. Nicholson, .50. Ransomes & May,
124. Samuelson, 185. Wedlake & Co., 127.
United States, Bullock, 145. &e also Linseed- Presses.
Oilcloth— XIV. Grimslmwe & Wilkinson, 52. xviii.
Clarke, 2:1.
Austria, Pfenniberger, 359.
Belgium, Jorez&Son, 306. Van Nuffel &Coveliera, 225.
Canada, Lallamine, 1 16, 122, France, Le Crosnier, 1305,
United States, Albro & Hoyt, 183. Woodcock, 135.
Zollverein (\), Burchardt & S<mis, 16-i. Lehmann, 167.
(3), Goehring & Boehme, 164. Quast, 162. Roeller
& Huste, 161. Teubner & Co., 163.
Zollverein (6), Ihm, 46. See also Floor Cloth,
Oil-Colour Printing — See Colour Printing,
Oil-Paintino on Velvet— xxx. (Fine Art Court) Yeo,
260.
Oil-Presses— See Linseed- Presses.
Oil-testing Machines — v. Whytehead, 101. vi. Muir,
206.
Oils, Expressed and Essential — ii. London Druggists,
1 1 7. IV. Barker & Co., 62.
Ceylon. Parlett & Co. Pieris. Stt also Lavender, Oil
of. Peppermint, Oil of.
Oils, Medicinal — India.'u. iv. See also Castor Oil.
Oils, Processes of extracting, from the refuse
Soapsuds of Woollens, Sic— iv. Dauwens, 26.
Oils (Various) — ii. Breary, 80. IV. Freeman, 25. H>.llas,
28. Miller & Sons, 29. xxix. Langdale, 55.
Algeria, Curtet, 22.
Belgium, Claude, 85. Robyns, 487. Vandestraeten,
84. British Guiana, Stntclibury, 52, 53.
South Africa, Clarence, 4. Jeppe, 4. Knnhardt &
Co., 14. Schmicterloew, 12. Ceylon.
China, East India Company. Denmark, Owen, 44.
Fl^ypt, 39, 53, 5\ 102, 129-131, 3<J0.
1tu«cc, Geminy, 1613. Jolly, 2/6. Mnrean, 325. De
Hnolz, l-ieo. lndia,rv. New South mt/e«, Gibbs, 24.
Leon, 20.
New Zealand, Smifli, 29, Sardinia, Girardi, Brothers, 5,
South Australia, Webster, 3. Dinidad, Lord Harris.
Tinis, 187, 188. Turkey.
Van Diemen's Land, Brown & Co., 283, 285, Gunn &
Milligan, 282, Lowes, 286. Hart, 163, 164.
Western Africa, Huttiin & Sons, 6.
Zollverein {V), Romer, 337. Schramm, 806. See also
Olive Oil.
Oleic Acid — Belgium, Viincnmpenhoudt & Co„ 436.
Oleine (For Watcliea and Fine Machinery) — ll. Hreurey,
80. Godfrey & Cooke, 92. Belgium, Bisse, 87.
Olive- Jab (l&ailUen)— Portugal, 1U98 (Main Avenue,
East).
Olive Oil— iv. Brotherton & Co., 23. "' •
Algeria, Borde, 9. Curtet, 22. Mnffre, 35. Mercurin,
37. Ionian Islands, Mavroianni, 3.
New South Wales, Hallett & Sons, 5. Portugal, 4fiO-48C.
Sardinia, Me.snin, 31. Simone Muucu, 15.
Spain, HH, \t}5, \T\. Diez de Rihera, 1 72. Fernandez,
160. Montesinos, 167. Sobradiel, Count of, 174. Valen-
cia Board of Agriculture, 173. Zayas, 168. Turkey.
Tuscany, Orsetti, 31, Pacini, 33. lluschi. Brothers, 32.
Saracini, 34.
Olives— /l/(/eriV/, Julien, 31. Egypt, 57, SS,
Portugal, ■140-444.
Spain, Carahe, 112. Cordova Agricultural Board, 99,
I^icsacn, 113. Marquez, 108. Zambrano, 1 11,
7'Hnts, 68, 136, 159-161,
Omnitiuses (including Models) — v. Cook & Co., 816.
Kinross & Co., 898. I^wis, 902. Menzies, 912.
Parsons, 807. Rock & Gower, 934. Wheatley, 810.
Omnibus Passenger Becisteb- x. AVebster, 671a.
Omnibus Ventilator— v. Stevens, 130.
Opera Glasses— x. Dixey, 271. Elliott & Sons, 320.
Pillischer, 269. Solomon, 286. Wliitehouse, 2S0.
France, Plagniol, 1679. Prudent, 1412.
Ophicleides— X. Jordan, 523.
Belgium, Mahillon, 175. ' ■«
DESCRIBED IN THE CATALOGUE.
Ixxxiii
nm, 806. See al«o
Tio, 33. Merourin,
France, Beuim, 42i, Cuurtuia, 1163. Gauhof, 8J4.
Zolleerein (2), Pfaff, 35.
Opiuh— II. Howardi & Kenf, 11. La^nijlon^li, 71,
Algeria, Frederic, 25. Harily, 28. Egypt, 23.
France, Aiibergier, 75-J, India, II., lii.
Optic Square— x. Yeatei, 332.
Optical I nstritments ( Various)-^x. Heath, 35 1 . Gard-
ner, 363. Goddard, 274. Hyami, 278. Jordan, 285.
xxiv. Chance & Co., 22. Howell & Sons, 31.
France, Bernnrd, 702. Beyerle, 765. Biinm, 443.
Chevalier, 1729. Dillenieger&Patry, 168. Dubnarq-
Sulei), 1197. Jamin, 548. Lehrnn, 298, 571.
Molteni & Siegler, 649. Schiertz, 9U9.
. i7n«ria. Pick, 170. Aiat'n, Oppelt, 271.
Switierland, Daguet, 75. Jaccard, 104.
Zollverein (_l), BuKh, S9. (2), Eiteiimenger, 24. Merz
& Sons, 30. See also Lenses. Opera Glasses. Specta-
cles. Telescope Glasses, Telescopes.
Oranoe-Wine— Surrfinio, Garrissini, 9.
Orchil— II. Marshall, 68, iv. Smith & Son, 68,
Austria, Heinzen, 2B, France, Mottet, 932,
Zolliierein (1), Krimmhelbein & Co , 4S7,
Orchilla-weed— II, Hatmel& Ellis, 10.
Cape of Good Hope, Watermeyer, 51.
New Zealand, Smith, 19. Portugal, 505-509.
Orders of Knighthood (in Enamel and Silver) — viii.
Firmin Si Sons, 211. xx. Firmin & Sons, 161.
Ordnance. See Cannon.
Ordnance Survev Instruments — x. Hall, 4.
Ore Washing-cases and Machines — i. Hunt, 482.
VI. Briinton, 304. Hunt, 207. Russia, Demidofi, 153.
Organ-pipes, &c.— x. Hoome, 548.
Van Diemen's Land, Valentine, 182.
Organs (Church, Cabinet, and other)— x. Bishop, 553.
Bryceson, 735. Bnitlon, 96. Forster & Andrews, 562.
Gray & Davison, 555. Hill & Co., 556. Hohlitch,
5:)7. Rohson, 559. Walker, 561 . Willis, 209.
France, Alexandre & Son, 1719. Ducroquet, 173
(Main Avenue, East). Foumeaux, 1605. Herz, 1268.
Jaulin, 1274. Martin, 1711. Muller, 1363.
Tuscany, Ducci, 58,
Zolleerein (1), Korner, 747. Schultze, 707.
Organs, Barrel (for Travelling) — France, Husson, 885.
Muller, 1365.
Oboanzine — France, Dumaiiie, 175. Dyedier, 1580.
Farjon, 1217. Jourdain, 1631. Menet, 16.57. Mourgue
& Bousquet, 1363. Verdet & Co. 1519.
liussia, Rebroflr, 143.
Sardinia, Imperatori, Brothers. 38.
Orleans Cloth — xii. & xv. Eckroyd & Son, 130a. Green
& Sons, 65. Hangas & Son, 155. Kershaw, S. & H.
161. Milner & Co. 168. Shuttleworth. 156. Simon,
sutler & Co. 103. Wall, Cockshot & Wall, 159.
Belfiiiim, Decock, 22 1.
Zollverein (1), Friedheim & Sons, 109.
Or-Molu articles— xxiii. Warriiier, 60. xxrv. Green,
32. XXVI. Toms & Luscombe, 178. Wertlieimer, 177.
United Slates, Hocinpr & Ci>. 459.
Or-Moi.u, ImitatH' of — xxiii. Rawlings, 64. xxvi.
Follit, 364. LilliKow & Purdie, 106. Newnliam, 365.
XXX. (Fine Art Court) Vinn, 205.
Ornamental Work (Undescribeil)— xiii. GrecnshicUls,
58.
Ornaments for Interior Decorations — xxvi. Tillinir
111.
Ornithological Specimens— viii. Hubbard, 180. ix.
Milton, 291. XXIX. Bartlett, 291. Dennis, 161.
Gaidner, 223, Gonlon, '.>(I2. Hancock, 320. Lead,
beater, 221. S|iencer,222, Waltord, 207. Williams,
219. Withers, 292. xxx. (Fine Art Court) 27.
Bvlqium, Brenta, 435.
British Guiana, Ridgwav, IfiO, 161.
Orreries— X. Facy, 195. " Newton & Son, 212. Plant,
215. Jersey and Gnernsey, Le Fenvre, 10.
ORTHOHAaiiDic INSTRUMENTS (for Deformity of the Spine)
—X. Cuplin, 570, 570a.
Orthochord— X>enH/ar/i, MoUer, 32.
Orthopedical Apparatus, &c.— France, Pillant & Co.,
35 1 . Spain, Cott y Marti, 273.
OsBETiAN Cloth— JZMs«a, Cacki Shvilly, 183.
Osteotom (Suruical Instrument) — x. Hess, 648.
Switzerland, Wermuth, 107.
OsTRAClDE ^^or Oysler-opener)— x. Brown & Son, 637,
Ostrich Kcos — South Africa, Trutor, 8.
Egypt, 270.
Ostrich Feathers— xxix Foster & Co. 74,
South Africa, Ruiherfoord, 23. Tunis, 92.
Turkey.
OsTRicii Skins— Ti/nis, 180.
Otto of Roses— II, Bell, 116. India, vr. TVmis, 83.
Ottomans— XXVI, Apfgio, 83. Everest, 27. Sandeman,
173. Sowerhy & Castle, 192. xxix. Aggio. 312.
OusE HiVFJi Railway Dridoe (at Selby)— vii. Walker
& Burgess, 324 (Main Avenue, West).
Ovens— XXII. Powell, 372. Shave, 90.
China, Reeves. France, Lespinasse, 311.
United Slates, Perkins, 541. Zollverein (1), Kaeten,
408.
Ovens, Gas— xxii. Edwardi, 241. Warriner, 248.
Ovens, Portable— Powell, 95.
Oxalic Acid — Schlipne, 27.
Portugal, Himh & Co. 603.
Oxford, Martyrs' Memorial at — xxx. (Fine Art
Cou rt) Day ,161a. Spiers & Son, 361.
OxYDiZEU Silver, Tablk of— Main Avenue, East, Wag-
ner, 1200.
Oyster Shells- Sou/A 4/Wcff, Calp, 53,
Packing-machine— VI. Marrio**, 1 10.
Padding and Wadding- xii. & xv. Wilkinson, 51.
Paddle-Wheels, Boxes, &c. (including Models)— ▼,
Flynn, 126. Jones, 156,' Pym, 160. Terrett, 126.
Wilding, 60. vii. Askew, 48. Spurgin, 76. Wilson,
97. VIII. Flynn, 183. Long. 173. Mathews, 119.
Mumford, 144. Poole, 77. Pym, 321. x. Adcock,
364.
Paddle-Wheels, Instrument for fkatherino the
Float of — v. Smith, 141.
Paddle-Wheels, Instrument for registering speed
op— xxn. McKeniie, 418.
Paging and Numbering Machine— vi. Schlesinger &
Co. 168.
Paints— IV. Brace, 74. Rose, 27.
British Guiana, Oiitridge, 55c.
France, De Ruolz, 1466. Zuber & C!o. 1536.
Netherlands, Bleekrode, 1. See also Colours.
Paint, Fire-froof — United States, Blake, 233. Houslon,
554.
Paint-mills — United States, Harris, 512.
Painted Glass — xxiv. Chance & Co. 60. Davies, Q,, 37.
Davies. W., 38. Gibhs, 75.
Paini'ed Windows— xxiv. Bland, 80. CImnce & Co.,
60. Claudet & Houghton, '/5. Gaunt, 68. Gibson,
73. Toms, 71. xxvi. Hariiman & Co., 632.
Austria, Bertini, 737 (Main Avenue, East).
France, Lasson, 565. Lawrent, Gsell, & Co. 294. Mare-
chal & Guynoii, 329. Hamburgh, Bostelmann, 99.
Zollverei "■ ,, Kellner, 86.
Painting t -ass— xxiv. Jackson, E. & W. H. 77.
Kiddle, Newsham,79. Powell & Son, 31. Price,
43. XXVI. M'Lachlan, 337. xxx. (Fine Art Court)
Pike, 336. Austria, Geyling, 736.
Chi/ia, Hewett & Co. Sichart & Co.
France, Lafaye, 284. Thevcnot, 1036.
Hamburgh, Rosing, 100.
Zollverein (1), Burckhardt, Brothers, 810, Zebger, 308.
(4) Wetze', 109. See also Painted Windows.
Painting on Marble— xxvi. Horsfall, 56.
Painting on Tiles— xxvii. Dupper, 51.
Painting, Encaustic —.S'ee Encaustic Paintings.
Painting, House-decorative- xxvi. Calvert, 82. Hol-
land, 407.
Painting in imitation of Marble — See Marble, Imita-
tion.
Painting in imitation of Wood— xxvi. Carson, 109.
Coomber, 307. Davis, 143. Gaitliwaite,48. Holland,
407. Sewell, C. & F., 340. Smith, 141. xxvii.
Kershaw, 1.
Painting, New Style of — xxx. (Fine Art Court) King,
113.
?2
Ixxxiv
ALPHABETICAL AND CLASSIFIED LIST OF ARTICLES
ll
u
m
Paintinos (Oil and oilier)— vi. Fuiiell, 95. xx. New-
bury Local Cuininittee, 1G6. xxx. (Fine Art Court)
Miller, 1.
CAino, Baring, Brotlien. Hewett&Co. Reevei.
France, Bowrgery, 778. Maresie, lUSd. India, xxx.
£a>tem ArchipaUtgo, Hummo.id & Co. 2. Home, 40-47.
United State*, Jfffrey, 190.
Zo//t'«-etii (I), Jacob, 78(i. Stockmaim & Co. 766. See
alio Miniature Paintings.
Paintinos propvcgd bt Chemicai. Avnov—ZoUvtrein
(I), Rungfe, 3U2.
Palan<wjinb— State and other Palanquin* presented to
Her Majesty. India, v.
Palladium — i. Jobimun & Matthey, 477.
Palm Fbcit, Sic.—Egi/pt, 38.
Wettem j\friea, Hiition & Son», 6. Trotter, *.
Palm-House, Kew (Model)— vii. Turner, 7.
Palm Oil— iv. Price t Patent Co. 83. Row, 27. xxix.
MacKeaii, 28.
Portugal, 496a.
Western jif'^'"'> Hnttoii & Soni, 6. Wetton, 1.
Palmatine Candles— ^M«(rta, PHtiner & Becker*, 41.
Palmetto Plait— Bermuda*, — .
Panels and Panel Decorations— xviii. Oauthorp, 70.
XIX. Greenwood, 181. xxvi. D'Almaiiie, 301. Hiiicli-
liff & Co. 310. Pickering, 347. Turner & Co. 320.
xxx. (Fine Art Court) Coolc, 9. S'eealao Glau Panelling,
Panoptic Polvbama— xxix. lloucliet, 124.
Panoroues — France, Jauliii, 1274.
Pantographs — France, Oavard, 239.
Paper- XVII. Cuwnn & Soiia, 101. De la Rue & Co. 76.
Dobbs & Co. 79. Hastings & Mellor, 89. Joynson,
42a. Mausell, 27. Spicer, Brothers, 42. Spiers &
Son, 208. Venables, Wilson, & Ty ler, 1 40. Waterloo
& Sons, 4<. XXX. (Fine Art Court) Burke, 42.
Algeria, Algiers, Delegate of, 98. Fletcbey, 24.
Austria, Eggerth, 361. Smith & Meyuier, 360.
Belgium, G'enisson & Vangenecbten, 28ri.
Chxna, Copland. Denmark, Drewsen & Sons, 4.
France, Angrand,7. Blanchet, Brothers, & Kleber, 1090.
Bondon, 63. Breton, Brothers, & Co. 436. Callaux
Belislenoriel De Tinan & Ck>. 788. Deliconrt, 1719.
De Sarlay, 1484. Doumerc, 822. Dufour, 483.
Genoux, 1714. Germain-Simier, 1246. Gratiot, 854.
Guesnu,290. Houzeau,878. Lacroix, Brothers, 1636.
Lapeyre, Kob, & Ci). 1642. Lefevre, 1311. Marion,
609. Mauban & Vincent, 377, 619. Mayer, 624.
Meillet & Fichot, 629. MontgolBer, 324. Obry & (3o.
334. ()dent,938. Reichmann, 1429. Souclie Paper-
mills Company, 377, 619. Zulier & Co. 1936.
India, xvil. Netherlands, Gel & Sons, 61.
Portugal, De Toial, Count, 987 a-989. Rome, Miliani, 1 2.
Bussia, Aristatkhoff, 3r)9. Fetter & Kahn, 262. Sole-
nikotr, 261. Spain, Romany y Miro, 230.
Switzerland, Steinlui, 183. Thurneisen, 182.
Tuscany, Cini, Brothers, 68.
United States, Belvidere Manufacturing Company, 282.
Zollverein (1), Gbarl, Brothers, 145. Engelhard & Karth,
417. Fechner, 266. Hoesch & Son, 392. Karclier,
391. Koch, 329. Maniac, 249. Piette, 394. Ruhl
& Son, 997. Schaeller, Otto, & Co. 193. Schuell,
393. Selenka, 800. (2), Dessaur, 68. Haenle, 47.
(3), Fischer, 168. (4), Rauch Brothers, 44.
Schaeuirelen, 41. Veiel & Co. 49. (6), Freund, 38.
Weber, 43. West, Brothers, 44. See also India Paper.
Perfarated and Lace Papers. Rice Paper. Stationerj/,
Paper-Cloth — xvii. Bretnall, 164. China, Shea.
Papkr-Cuttino and Foldino Machines— VI. Black,
138. Titrombe, 108. Wilson, 112. See also Fn-
vehpe-mahing Machines.
Paper-Hanoinos (Various) — xii. & xv. Cropper, 249.
Martin, 249. xviii. Carter, 65. Law, W. & E., 10.
XXVI. Archer, 265. Arthur,303. Ascron,304. Barrett,
305. Clarke & Co., 62, Cotterill, Brothers, 149.
I Crace, 530. Fletcher, E. 84. Fletcher, R. 151.
Gaunt & Son, 88. Goddard, 303. Haseldei), 93.
Helbronner, 123. Heywood & Co., 71. Ilincliliff &
Co., 310. Home, 32. Jeffrey & Co., 326. Law &
, Sons, 89. Marsden, 927. Newbery, J. & R. 313.
Potter, C. H. & E. 74. Rlchardaon, 207. Scott &
Co., 300. Simpson, 270. Townsend & Co., 318.
Turner & Co., 320. Williams & Co., 321. Wooloms
and Co., 210, 309. Woollam* J. & Co., 322.
Austria, Spoerlin & Zimmermaim, 691.
ZTe^um, Devi»,401. Leferre, 403. PicBid.Masy,405.
Chxna, Hewett & Co.
France, Cerceuil, 793. Couder, 1566. Daudrieu, 199.
Williams, 7^2.
.Ha/Miier, Herting, 9. i^ussta. Fetter & Ron, 262. Vai>
gouiiin, Brothers, 260, 302,
United States, Hart, Montgomery & Co., 260. Howell
& Brothers, 48. Str^c'eH, Arondal, 111.
Zollverein (I j, Arnold, 835. (7), Lamort, 2.
Paper-makino Machinebv— VI. Brewer, C. & W., 144.
Brewer, J. 132. Cowan & Sons, 166. Fourdrinier,
100. Lightfoot, 192. Sullivan, 156. Watson, 169.
XXII. Makin, 1 12.
JVance, Bauchet-Verlinde, 413. Varrall, Middl«ton&
Elwell, 717. ZoUverei* (1), Wuttig, 191.
Paper-rdlino Machine— VI. Shaw, 1 10,
Paper-Shades-makino Machine— vi. Taylor, 136.
Paper Weights (Marble) — Van Diemen's Zand, Boyd,
233.
Papier-Mache Ware— XXII. Bray, 500. Walton, 701.
XXVI. Davies, 120. Gushlow, 37a. Jackson & Suns, 9.
Jennens&Bettridge,187. Spiers&Son,70. Welch, 150.
Austria, Becker and Kronick, 643. Huffrichter, 644.
France, Trouve, 1513. Persia, Abbot.
Sweden, Johnson, 64.
Zollverein (I), Ueliiw, 233. Herford Prison Directors,
721. Hupfer & Walferman, 774. Sommer, 390. (2),
Adt, Brothers, 66. Pleisch, 72. (4,% Rau & Co., 72.
(3), Kindermaim, 170.
Papier-Machi! (Designs for)— xviii. Heaviside, 91.
PAPyROORAPHV— VI. Taylor, 136. xxviii. Barber, llti.
Burgess, 119. School fur the Indigent Blind, 100.
XXIX. Daniel, 170. Herbert, 301. PriUeaux, 303.
xxx. (Fine Art Court) Hine, 201, Uiiwin, 22.
Jersey and Guernsey, Sauudeis, 23. Simon, 24.
Rome, Livizzana, 14.
Sweden and Norway, De Liewen, 32.
Parachutes for Mines — Bdgiutn, Vander Hecht, 479.
See also Balloons and Parachutes.
Paraffine — II. Voung, 7.
Pabamatta Cloths- XII. & xv. Craven & Hanrop, 193.
Fowler, Campiii & Co., 309. Middleton & Ainswortb,
312. Peel & Co., 164. Belgium, Decock, 221.
Parasols. See Umbrellas and Parasols.
Parchment— IV. Groves, 131. xvi. Evans & Son, 18.
Lever, J. & J. 24. Tomliii, 22. xvii. Saunders, 36.
Belgium, Bemand, 478. France, Berthault, 56.
Netherlands, Honig, B. C. & F. 99. Hoiiig & Son, 60.
Vau Diemen's Land, Button, 172.
Zollverein (1), Sondermaim, 743.
Parian, Abticles in— xxv. Boote, T. & R. 1 1. Hughes,
60. Meigli & Sons, 10. Meyer, T. J. & J., 0. Mintoii
& Co. 1. Rose & Co., 47. Simpson, 33. xxvii.
Keene, 10, 27. xxx. (Fine Art Court) Boote, T. &
B. 139.
Paris White— i. Walker, 120.
Pabk Gates-xxii. Coalbrook Dale Co. 641, (North
Transept, 49). Cottam & Hallen, 698 (South Transejit).
Park Gates, Designs for— xxii. Phillips, 6.
Par()Ueterie Flooring-— Austria, Leistler & Son, 633.
France, I^Aurent-Fruncois, 1297.
Zollverein (I), Beyer & Heiutre, 761. Elsholz, 230.
(vi), Hartmann, 73. See also Inlaid Flooring.
Parthenon, Athens (Model of the Portico)— xxx. (Fine
Art Court) Day, 16 1 a.
Partitions of Rooms (Model of Partition, to rise from,
and sink into the Flr)or)— vn. Hurst, 66.
Pasteboard- .i4^erta, Fkcliey, 24. Belgium, Dussaert,
407. Henry, 283.
France, Beguiii, 23. Deuzy, 165. Piques, 1393.
Zollverein (1), Biefaiig, 661. (4), Kaemmerer, 42.
Schaeufl'elen, 41. See alio Cartonpierre. Millboard.
Pasteboard Work — France, Bertou, 1084. Cerf &
Naxara, 84.
Pastel, ob Imitation Woad (made from the Cliicor/
Plant)— IV. Saunders ftGotcltcU, 71. . -,
DESCRIBED IN THE CATALOQUB.
Ixxxv
inder Hccht, 475.
Irom the Cliicory
Pastileb — XXIX. Tidmarih, III.
Patcuouly, Kisence (if~iii. Pietw, 12t).
Patchwork— XII. & xv. Barnei, 219. xix. Chaplin,
367. Peiilcy, 392.
PATHOiiOaicAi. Illcstrationb— x. Paxtoii, 742.
Pattern Cards— xii. & xv. Nicholion, 170a.
Patterns (Tartan and other) Machine for liirenting— xii.
& XV. Btpwarr, 29S.
Padl'8, St., Catuedrai- (Model)— xxx. (Fine Art Court)
Scollick, 158. Wilby, 162. (Model of Ball and
Cdim)— XXX. (Fine Art Court), Kepp & Co., 15.
Pavement, Specimeruof— (Wntern Eud.Soutli Eiicloiure),
Sinclair. Brown, Ruiby & Co. Fraiililhi. (Eastern
End), SeyHel Asjihalte Comiiuny. (South or Trauiept
Entrance), Fettiniog. vil. Hadley, 91.
Pavement, Mosaic, Encaustic, &c. — xxx. (Fine Art
(3ourt), Wyatt, 30.
Pavement, Ornamentai/— xxx. (Fine Art Court) Pap-
wurth & Co., 22a.
PavinoStones— Western End, South Enclosure, (Out-
tide), 17. Brown & C!o., 29. CumcRie, 'JU. Falmoiitli
and Penryn Local Committee, 30. Franklin, 28. Moi
phet, 16. Sharp, 18. Sinclair, 13. l. Carnegie, I'JH.
Dublin Royal Society, 207. Johnstone, 175. Long,
199. Sinclair, 206. vil. Woods, 42.
Aiittria, Cristofoli, 38.
Belgium, Sovtens, 424. Zainar & Co., 136. 7\israni/,
Uiovannini, 99. See also Metallic-Lava Pavement.
Patino-Machine (for Vessels)— f/ni«ed States, Baiter, 1.
Pearls — Hope, page 849. i. Cowie & Rae, 16. Jamieson,
25. Ceylon.
Pearu, Imitation— France, Estique & Delamare, 1213.
Iruchy, 1045. Vales, 707.
Pearlash — India, I.
Pearl Glass Articles — xxvi. Lane, 128.
Peas — See Beans and Peas. Green Peas.
Peas, ARTinciAL— xxix. Gatti, A. & G., 73a.
Pea-Supporter- IX. Stent, 18.
Feat and its Products — i. Bagot, 244. Cahill, 222.
Cuhbold, 228. Evans, 227. Fitzgerald. Rev. 233.
Great Peat-working Company of Ireland, 231, Moore,
408. Oxiand, 225. Rees, 227. Rogers, 240. iv.
Classon, 22.
Canada, Boutillier, 26.
Zollverein (I), Von Mulmann, 319. See also Bog-Wood
Furniture, ^c.
Pebbles— I. Falmouth & Penryn Local Committee, 88.
IV. Rock, 5.
Pedometer — x. Payne & Co., 73.
Pedomotive or Self • propellinq Carriage — v.
Dawson, 830.
Peel, Sir Robert, The late (Electro Bust of)— Elking-
ton & Co. (Bronte Bust of), xxx. (Fine Art Court)
Gardie, 261. (Statuettes of), I. Vieille Montagne
Mining Company, 437. xxx. (Fine Art Court)
Ross, 191.
Peel Testimonial, Designs fob (Models, &c.)— xxx.
(Fine Art Court) Wilson, 337.
Pegs (to hold Papers, &c.)— xxviii, Begent, 1 10.
Pegs, Shoe— >See Shoe Pegs,
Pemettoforo (Machine for carrying heavy Burdens) —
Tkiscany, Turchini, 55.
Pen and Ink Drawings — Portugal, Da Silva, 1296,
1297. Godinho, 1253. '
Pencils— ilustrta, Hardmiith, 381.
irance, Gilbert & Co. 238, 847. See also Black- Lead
Pencils.
Pencils (Ever-pointed)— i. Brockedon, 65. ii. Stevens, 74.
XXII. Hague, 226a.
Pendulum, New Mode of Suspendins (Model) — x. Vul-
liamy, 700.
Pendulum Regulator— J'rance,Moriceau & C&yeux, 328.
Penholders— xxn. Bidle, 297. Mitchell, J. 339.
Mitcliell W. 328.
Penmanship (Specimens oO — xvii. Caflry, 167. Gardner,
199. Wilson, 178. xxx. (Fine Art Court), Salt-
marsh, 34.JA. Austria, Greiner, 374a. Schutz, 375.
France, Berliner, 52.
United States, Dunlop, 483. Stanton, 367.
Fens, Glass- xxiv. Cogon, 26. United States, Parsb, 588.
Pens, Metallic— ii. Stevens, 74. viii. Walker, 242.
xxii. Gillott, 324. Hincks & C».,32<1. Kelt, A. &
Co., 327. Knight & Foster, 689, 6<J4. Mitchell,
J., 339. Mitchell, W., 328. Myers & Son, 338.
Perry & Co., 687. Windle & Blyth, 668.
France Blanzy, Poure & Co. 28. See also Gold Pent.
Steel Pens, Machine for making.
Pepper — ii. London Druggists, 117. Barbadoes.^
India, iii. Eastern Archipelago, Hammond & Co., 2,
Portugal, 44Sa. TVinidad, Lord Harris.
7\HiM, 101,140. Turkey.
Van Diemeris Land, Denison, Sir W. T., 27.
ireji(ern4/rica, Jamieson, 22. Weston, 1. See also Afad'co.
Pepper-orindino Mills- VI. Fieldhouse & Co.. 443.
Peppermint, Crtstallizeo- iSViri/i»ia, Saluce, 10.
Peppermint, Oil of — xxix. Short, 129.
United S(a(M, Hotchkiss, 156.
Percolator— XXIV. Freeman, 48.
Percussion Caps- viii. Faimian, 233. Joyce & Co., 277.
Walker, R., 242. Walker, S. & Co., 284.
Austria, Sellier & Bellott, 122.
France, Givelot & Lemaire, 519.
Zollverein (1), Dreyse & (>lk'nbusch, 638.
Percussion-Cap Machinery — Netherlands, Goossens,
77.
Perforated Blinds, Zinc — i. Jack, 437a.
Perforated and Lace Papers— xxx. (Fine Art Court)
Mossman, 204. France, Devrange, 1188.
Perforated Plates (for marking Linen)— xvii. White-
man, 51.
Perfumes and Perfumery- iv. Barker & Co., 62.
XXVIII. (Sosnell & Co., 55. Rnss & Sons, 64. xxix.
Ede & Cb., 18. Faiers, 26. Fisher & Co., 22. Oal-
hraith, 17. Grossmith, 13. Hendrie, 10. Kendall
& Co., 25. Low Si Co., 30. Payne, 29. Rimmel, 3.
Rowland & Sons, 1. Wliarry, 27.
Algeria, Mercurin, 37. Simouuet, 51. Ceylon, — .
Egypt, 135-137.
France, Bertnu, 1084. Bleuze, 1091. Gelle & Co., 845.
Landon & Co., 1290. Leistner, 908. Meio, 1356.
Oger, 939. Thollon, 1701. Tunis, 83.
United States, Basin, 36. HaucI, 40.
Zollverein ( I ), Kendall, 422. Lipp, 658. See also Dis-
tilled Heaters. Eau de Cologne. Roses, Otto of.
Periphans (for the Study of Astronomy)— X. Baker, 354.
Cox, 347.
Persian Powder (for destroying Insects) — Russia, n. m.
146.
Perspective, Illustrations of— xxx, (Fine Art Court)
Herdman, 3-i3A.
Pebspective-Dbawing Machine — x. Anderson, 403.
Perspective Hulebs- .<luslria, Vienna Polytechnic In-
stitute, 130.
Peruvian Babk, Alkaloids fbom — 2b{{veretn (6), Koch,
7.
PesTACBio Powder— III. Piesse, 129.
Peteb, St., Statue of (in canopied Niche) — xxvii.
Lane and Lewis, 53.
Petrifactions (& Petrified Wood)— i. Home, 17.
XXVI. Clarke, 179. Egypt, 6. India, i.
United States, Davidson, 561.
St. Domingo, Schomburgk, Sir R.
Petroleum— /ndja, i. Trinidad, Lord Harris, 2, 10-14.
Pewter Articles- v. Stocker, S. & G., 422. xxii. Watts
& Horton, 557.
France, Robert & Co., 1440. India, I.
Austria, Hirsche, 436.
Phaeton- Hood Lifteb — viii. Beadon, 90.
Phantasmacobia— X. Carpenter & Westley, 270. Or-
chard, 161. United States, Langenheim, 62.
Pharmaceutical Apparatus — France, Leperdriel, 307.
i;b//(;eretii(l), Arnold!, 778. Seel, 483. See a\so Che-
mical and Philosophical Apparatus. Surgical Ap-
paratus.
Pharmaceutical Products— II. I to 123. See Chemical
Preparations.
Phenaristicope — Zollverein (Si), Albert, 23.
Philosophical Instruments — France, C<dlott, Brothers,
1155. Delvil.lUO. Grusse, Brothers, 529. Laur, 567.
Switzerland, Favre, 11. United Spates, Erricsson, 146.
Ixxxvi
ALPHABETICAL AND CLASSIFIED LIST OK ARTICLES
See alto Aetronomical Itutrumenle, Baromettrt.
Chemical and Philosophical Appanitiis, Maijnftic
Dip, ffc, iMtrumentt. MaqneU. Mathetnalical In-
ttrumente. Microscopes. Thermometers,
Phonetic Short-Hand Pbintino— xvii. Pitmuii, 197.
Pmonicon— ^ii»/rio, Cerveny, 1S7.
Phonoorafhic and Pbonotyphic Alphabets— xvii.
Pitmuii, 197.
Phosphorus — France, CHgnet & Sun, 1193.
Spain, Cuiiclia, 49. Zollverein (I), Puiili, 328.
Photographic Self-reoistehinu Magnetic and Me-
teorological Apparatus — ^x, Broukr, 14-1.
Zollverein (5), Strauch, 33.
Photographs and Photographic Apparatus. See
alio Daguerreottjpi. Apparatus, Dayuerreoti/pe (or
Photographic) Pictures.
Photometers— X. Eilgc, 702. xxii. Edge, 441.
Phrenological Uustb (in Miuiature)— xxx. (Fine Art
Court) Baity, 173.
Physical Instruments— ZbHwerem (I), Dreitliaupt &
S»nt, 6'(). See alio Philosophical Instruments. Sur-
gical Instruments.
Pianofortes (including Models) — x. Addison, 487.
Aggio, 488. Akerinan,490. Allison, 480, 483. Uains-
mead, 474, Broadwood & Sons, 518 (Main Avenue,
West). Cadby,471. Collard & Ck>11ard, 168 (Main
Avenue, West). Deaoock, 473. Dimoliiie, 489. En<
never & Steedman, 479. Cireiner, 468. Harrison,
464a. Harwar, 403a. Huldernesw, 482. Hopkin-
Mn, J. & J., 500. Hund & .Son, 480. Hunt, 477a.
Jenkins & Sun, 484, Jones, 481. Kirkman 8i Son,
467. Mathews, sriO. Metzler,475. Moore & Co., 476.
Mott. 498. OelsDiann & Plumb, 683. Peachey, 902.
Rolfe& Sons, 472. Smytli & Huberts, 401. Sontliwell,
469. Stodart & Son, 470. Tootal and Bruwn, 70ti.
Towns & Packer, 404. Woolley, 403. Wornum, 409,
XXVI. Grace, 930. Jenuens & Bettridge, 187 (Main
Avenue, West).
Austria, Deutschmann, 14 Id. Hoxa, 141 e. Pottje,
141a. Schneider, 140 Seuffert, 141b. Vlasky, 141.
Belgium, Aerts. 186. Berden, 174. DefTaux, 188.
Jastrtebskl, 176. Sternberg, 180. Vogelsangs, 181.
Canada, Herbert, 18a.
Denmark, Hornung, 30.
France, Aucher, 404. Bord, 1099. Cropet, 131. De-
bain, 1172. Detir & Co., 47.'i. Domeny, 477, Erard,
407. Franche, 1234. Hurdeng, 335. Herz, 1268.
Kleinjasper, 1633. Mercier, 633. Montal, 1665. Pa|ie,
943. Roller & Blanuhet, 1687. Scholtus, 1482. Suu-
flello, 1600, 1731. Zciger, 747.
Hamburgh, Baumgardten & Haius, 12. Eumms, 14,
Schorder, 13, Lxibech, Lunau, 6.
Netherlands, Cuijpers, 05.
Nova Scotia, Central Cummittee, 2.
Russia, Lichtt'iital, 172,
Sweden, Rosenwall, 62.
Switzerland, Frey, 82. Hueni & Hnliert, 87. Kueteing,
80. Sprecliar & Daer, 103.
. United States, Chickering, 458. Gilbert & Co., 435.
Hems, 438. Meyer, S9 Numis& Clark, 374. Pir-
son, 00.
Zollverein (1), Adam. 487. Bessalie, 71. Gerhard, 467.
Guricke, 73. Heitemeyer, 486. Klems, 595. Scheel,
668, Westermann & Co., 80. Zeitter & Winkelmaii,
709. (3), Breitkopf & Haei tel, 25. (4), Dieudonne &
Bladel, 20. Doerner, 21. Lipp, 22. Scliieilraayel &
Sons, 23. (6), Kuehust, 20. Scliolto & Suns, 25.
Pianoforte Case Bedstead— xxvi. Mummery, 292.
Pianoforte Frames, Strings. &c. — x. Erard, 496.
Newcomb, 672a. Turnbull, 500a.
Austria, Willielm,142. France, Furtin-Boutellier, 484.
Pianoforte and Harmonium— x. Luff & Son, 477.
Pianoforte-makers' Tools— xxi. Matliicsun, 32.
PlANO-VlOLiNO— £/nited States, Hale, 933.
PicKLBS AND Preserves— III. Batty & Feast, 116. Payne
& Son, 22.
Van Diemen's Zand, Haines, 298-303.
Picture Frames— IV. Samuels, 21a. xix. Burton, 117.
XXIV. Beningfield, 45. xxvi. Alexander, 99. Burton,
77. Gilbw, & Co., 186. Grundy, 121. Uaiisuu &
Suns, 197. Hay, J. & J. 100. Hold, 8.). Mcxon, 292.
Nicoll, 182. Nuiin, 228. Punstniby, 199. Richard-
sun, C. J., 207. Squire, 273. Thomas, 275. Wallace,
2. Whitcomlie, 211a. Jones, 7. xxix. Rankin &
I.«ar» 302. xxx. (Fine Art Court) Kehue, 00. Ross
& Thumsun, 299.
Austria, Kull>el, 645a. Pauller, 649.
France, Uouguillard, 777. Clerget, 799. J.eniercier,
587. Lesecq, 592. Lombard, 913. Saintin, 091.
Servais, 1012. //rim&ur^A, Korlaw, 93. Mexico.
Madeira, Read, 1. Home, 40-17.
Van DitmensLand, lluod, 126, 127, 129. Marriott, 128.
Zollnerein (1), Gebaulir, 848. Kersten, 243. (4^, Lette-
meyer, 75. Vetter and Erno. 74. ((I), Wenderlein, 55.
See also Miniature Frames.
Picture Models- xxx. (*"ine Art Court) Barritt, 339.
PiCTiiRU Printing- See Printing in Colours.
Picture-supporting Mouldings — xxii. Putts, 323.
Pictures and Transparencies (Undescribed) — France,
Poget, 1677. Zollverein (I ), Trumpelmann, 780,
Pier-Glasses. See Looking- Glasses,
Piers for Bridges, &c. (Model) — vii. Morrell, 99.
Saiikey, 32.
PiLL-MAKiNo Machines- FraHce, Viel, 1047.
Zollverein (I), Pokoniy, 79.
Pillows, Spring- xxvi. Board, 210.
Pinchbeck liisaa— Austria, Kranowither, 463.
Pins- XXII. Edelsteu & Williams, 336. Goodman, 335.
XXIX. Chambers, 297. James, 295. Kirby, Beard,
& Co., 96.
Austria, Sirunu, 477. JVance, Vantillard & Co., 1517.
Malta, Falson, 25.
Zollverein (1), Reinecker and Co., 404.
Pin-Stickino Machine— VI. lies, 61.
Pine-Needle Wool (for Wadding)— 2bZ/rerei« (I), Fa-
bian, 95.
Pine-Tree Fungus— Cana</a, Macculloch, 186.
Pipe-Clay-i. 127a. Pike, W. & J., 102. Whiteway &
Co., 00. India, i, Turkey,
Pipe Fittings and Joints— vii. Martin, 25. xxii.
Mitchell, 611.
Pipes, Cast-iron, Mould-jiaking Machine fob— vi.
Stewart & Co. 238.
Pipes for Drainage, Gas, and Water— vi. Stewart &
Co. 233. IX. Craig & Co. 262a. Mapplebeck & Low,
131. X. Wishaw, 419. xxn. Hodges, 519, Kenrick
& Sots, 360a.
Canada, Ferguson, 164. See also Tubes Sf Tubing.
Pipes, Draining, Machinf.8 »x)r Making— ix. Clayton,
47. United States, Leruy, 986. See also Brick and
Tile Machines.
Pipes, Glass. See Glass Pipes, T\tbing, ^c.
PiPE8 for Smoking. See Meerschaums, Smoking Pipes,
Tobacco Pipes.
Pipes for Warming Buildings by Hot Water— ix.
Weeks & Co. 248a.
Piques (Printed)— ^Mstna, Liebisch, 188. Winter, 180.
Pistols. See Guns, ^c.
Pistons for Musical Instruments- Frawce, Courtois,
130.
Pistons for Steam Engines— v. Thornton & Son, 490.
X. GiUett, 7!)B.
Pit-Chains — viii. Brown, Lenox & Co. 61. Parkes,
1U8. XXII. Edge, 51.
Pit-Frames— XXII. Edge, 51. See also Mine-Shctft Ap-
paratus.
Pitch— Portugal, 459.
Trinidad, Lurd Harris, 1, 3-8. Tiirkey.
Pith Models- xxx. (Fine Art Court) Clifford, 222.
Cossena, 25. Limeuse, 170.
Plaids, of all kinds -xii. & xv. Brunton & Co. 230,
Cla|)|)erton, T. & G. 193. Clay ASons, 136. Cross, 202.
Dalrymple, 240. Dicksuiis & Laings, 231. Dixon,
it. & T. 187. Gibson, 132. Hallcy, 470. .Tolmston,
274. Lees, R. & G. 1 92. Morgan & Co. 299.
Reid &Sun, 481. Renwick, T.& A. 233. Rolwtson,
J. & J. 301. Sandersmi, R. & A. 196. Schwann,
F. 11a. Schwann, Kell & Cu. 141. Sime & Co.
195. Sinclair, 467. Tulson & Suns, 116. Watson,
J.&A.477. WillaiM&Co.257. xx. Wigiiam&Co.85.
DESCRIBED IN THE CATALOGUE.
Ixxxvii
. Mcxiiii, Hi.
199. Richard-
i75. Wallace,
cix. Rankin &
eliue, 90. Row
0. I^niercier,
Saiiitiii, 09 1.
, Mexico.
Marriotl, 128.
43. (4^, Lelte-
Ycnderlein, &5.
Burritt, 339.
in.
Potti, 323.
ibeil) — France,
inaiin, 789.
[. Morrell, 59.
047.
,463.
Goodman, 335.
Kirby, Ueard,
& Co., 1517.
Iverein (1), Fa-
1, 186.
!. Wliiteway &
rtiii, 25. XXII.
HINE FOB — VI.
—VI. Stewart &
plebecli & Low,
, 519. Kenrick
Sf Tubing.
1— IX. Clayton,
uUo Brick and
•c.
Smoking Pipes.
Watee— IX.
Wiuter, 180.
•mice, Cuurtois,
& Son, 49Q.
01. Parkea,
'ine-Shaft Ap-
Clifford, 222.
Ml & Co. 230.
IB. Cross, 202.
231. Dixon,
70. Johnston,
& Co. 299.
Rol)erlson,
6. Schwann,
Sime & Co,
16. Watson,
;ham&Co.85.
Plane8~xxi. Ihbotaoii, 27. King & C'l. 9.
Canada, Wallace, 147. See alio Planing Machines,
PhASETAMVit—SiviUerlanil, Mauet, 95.
United Slates, Barlow, 69.
Planimetkrs (for calculatini; Area of Plane Figure*)—
X. Sang, 338. Switzerland, OoldsRhmid, 84.
Zollverein (1), Amfeld, 704.
Planino-machines — VI. Furneii, 401. Slianki, 210.
Sharii, Brolheri, 204. Thornton, 430. Whitworth &
Co. ioi.
France, Sautreuil, 1474.
Zollverein (1), Moser & Co. 861.
Planino-machines (for Metals)— vi. Parr & Co. 6, 213.
Planino-machines, Steam Enoines fob— v. Erskine,
lOU.
Planispheres— X. Molli^on, ;)85.
Plantaoenet Guard Hassors— xxi. Stewart & Co. 21.
Plantain Fibre— £ri<JsA Guiana, Davison, 77. Netscher,
78. India, iv. xiv.
Gold Coast %■ AshaiUee. Spain, Viiias, 160.
Plantain Fruit- iii. Colnuhonn, 13.
Plantain JAeai. — British Guiana, Netscher, 8-11.
Diiviwn, 12. Garnett, 13, 14.
Plantino-Line (Garden)— IX. Hadwick, 216.
Plants, Closkd Cases fob tub Growth of— x. Ward,
604 (North 'I'raiisept).
Plants, Specimens of — North Transept, Loddiges &Sons.
II. Kent, 90. x. Word, 664 (North Transept).
Canada, Ashton, 355.
Spain, 117. South Australia, Hallett & Sons, 5.
Trinidad, Lord Harris. Tiirkeij. See also Botanical
Specimens.
Plant-Watebi.no Machine — ix. Kennedy, 20Sc.
Plaster " Casts, Statues, Mouels, &c. (Various) —
Bell, page 847. Forrest, page 849. Leifchild, page
891. Panormo, page 850. Sibson, page 852. xxx.
(Fine Art Court) Urodie, 159. Burns & Palmer, 21.
Colley, 121. Fox, 29a. Gushlow, 223. Harmer, 56.
Peppercorn, 396. Uichatdsoii, 133. Smith, 211.
Smith, F. S. 170. xxx. (Scnipture Court) Gallagher,
43. Hunhea, 3. Kirk, 25. Lawlor, 22. Simnners, 32.
Belgium, Follet, 426. Geefs, 451 .
Denmark, .leiichau, 39 (Main Avenue, East).
France, Da Seigneur, Is7. Etex, 1215. Imlin, 543.
Simon, 1015. Hamburgh, Engelhard, 96.
Rome, Trcntanove 31. Tuscany, Papi, 116.
United States, Chickerinc, 555.
Zollverein (1), Cauer, 431. Drake, 273. Kicbler, 272.
Franz, 283. Harrel & Lauchliammer, 852. Kalidc,
285. Krausz, 879. Sondermonn, 288. (2), Foltz,
94. Haling, 84. Knoll, 88. (3), Rietshel, 185.
Plasteb of Pabis— I. Blytb & Jacobs, 131. White &
Sons, 130. See also Cement, Koman, ^c.
Plasteb Stone — Egypt, 7.
Plasters (Membrane)— x. Puckridge, 609.
PlasticCasts (ill imitation of metal)— xxvill. Tate, 162.
Plastic Earth — Belgium, De Ferrare, 15.
Plastic Work. (Tableau of Rural Fete at Castle Florence),
— Zollverein (1), Soiinenbeig Association of Manufac-
turers, 8U4.
Plate-Glass— XXIV. Chance & Co. 22 (Main Avenue,
West). Harley and Co. 100 (Main Avenue, East).
Swindon, 4 (North Transept), xxvi. Thames Plate-
Glass Works, 399 (Main Avenue, West).
Zollverein (1), Kiihrig, 768. Willmanns, 209.
Plate- Glass Grinding and Poushino Table — vi.
Bessemer, 400,
Plate, Gold and Silver. See Gold ^ Silver Ware.
Pijite-Wabmer— XXII. Uojier & Son, 399.
Plated-W ABE— XXII. Clayton, 142. Hardy, 131. Sobey,
689. XXIII. Bradbury & Son, 36. Cartwright &
Hiioii, 30. Creswick, T. J. & N. 45. Dixon &
Sons, 38. Gray, 101. Owen & Levick, 44. Spurrier,
28. XXIV. Pinkerton, 5.
Eiissia, Petz, 292. Switzerland, Baatard, 235.
Zollverein (1), Wolff & Erbsloh, 656. (4), Bruckmann
& Sons, (i5. Rau & Co. 72.
Platilles Hoy &1.EB— Zollverein (1), Albert- Brothers,
231.
Flatinuu— I. Johnson & Mattbey, 477.
XXX. (Fine Art
Hulot, 882.
(6), Frommann, 39. Reuttr,
Plavino Cards— xvii. Whitaker, 49.
Court) Haeteiis, 212.
Austria, Sleigrr, 374. Belgium, Daveluy, 448.
Denmark, llnlmlilad, 27.
France, Blaqiiiere, 1552.
Sweden, Huerlin. 113.
Zollverein (5), Wuest, 14.
40. Schnapiwr, 42.
Plavino Cards, Miniature— xxx. (Fine Art Court)
Baeteni,2l2.
Ploiiobs— IX. Abbot, 59. Alcock, 27. Alexander, 198.
Armitage it Co. 38a. Ball, 132. Barker, 230. Bar-
rett & C<i. 128. Bentall, 317. Busby, 19. Clark,
99. Comins, 143. Cottam & Hallen, 109a. Crow*
kill, 135. Drummond & Sons, 49. Dufour ft Co.
124a. Fenvrick De Porqiiet, 202. Garrett & Sons, 142.
Grant & Co. 267. Gray & Sons, 150. Halttead &
So s 106. Harkes, 23. Hay ward, 114. Hensman
& Co. 149. Howard, J. & F., 24U. Jordan, 91a.
Law, 94. Laycock, 134. Low, 264. Lowcock, 28.
Ponton, 104. Raiisomes & May, 121. Ritchie, W.
& J., 224. Samuelson, 185. Seller & Son, 85.
Sewell&Co. 107. Slight, 42. Smith, 296. Squires,
144. Stuart, 268. Warren, 257. Wedlake&Co., 137.
Williams, 151. Willoughby D'Eresby, Lord, 199.
Wilkie &Co. 21. XXIX. Wantless 266.
Austria, Prince Lobkowitz' Agricultural Implement
Manufactory, 124,
fW^tum, Berckmaiis, 170. Delstanehe, 910, Denis, 160.
D'Omaliiis, 171. Dufour, 159. ()deur, 169. Ro-
medenne, 169. Van Made, 168. Verbist, 162.^
Canada, Fleck, 92. Hulliert, 91. Egypt, 173,
France, Andre & Count De Brono-Bronski, 1054, Baiin,
416, Bo<liii, 426. Bonnet, 1099. Leljcrt, 569.
Pardoux, 341. Seguy, 372. Talbot, Brothers, 1028.
India, ix.
Netherlands, Jenken, 74. Switzerland, Gisin, 72.
United States, Allen & Co, 07, Hall & Spear, 259,
Prouty & Mears, 404, 413, Rogers, 258, Starbuck,
91. Tliomfison, 26.
Zollverein (6), Hesse-Darmstadt Board of Agriculture,
1 3. See also Drill-Ploughs, Dyiiainostater.
Ploughs, Draining— ix. Ferguson, 214. Fowler, 28a.
Ploughs, Steam— IX. Usher, 123a. Willoughby D'Eresby,
Lord, 195.
Ploughing, &c.. Machine — xxvi. Lyon, 30.
Plug fob Ships' Boats— viii. Parker, 67. Robinson, 6Sa.
Thom])son,'66.
Plumbago— SoiUA Africa, Calf, 99. India, i.
New Brunswick, Gvuld, 3.
United States, Clingman, 358. Richards, 357.
Zollverein (2), Kapeller, 28.
Plumbago Crucibles — Belgium, Coste, 397.
Plum-pudding Stones (for Crucibles, &c.) — Belgium,
Marchin Communal Commission, 396.
Plushes (for Hais,&c.)— xii. & xv. Baughen, Brothers, 183.
XIII. Booth & Pyke, 63. Evans, 60. xx. Ashton &
Sons, 52. Taylor & Co., 127. Austria, Schipiier, 269.
France, Barth, Massing & Plichon, 21. Brisson, Bro-
thers, 1117. Courte, 11G4. Couturier & Renault, 98.
Doiiiit & Co. 1 193. Martin & C^imir, 612. Massing,
Brothers, 333. Thibert /t Adam, 1037.
Biissia, Lorteff, 204. Sardinia, Guillot & Co. 41.
United States, Dumont, 287.
Zollverein (1), Andreae, 360. Bachoven & Vollsch-
witz, 830. Kauffmann, 1 1 7. Lehmann, 136, Meyer,
Max, & Co. 133. Oehme, 116, Scheibler & Co, 534.
(J), Kiiorr, 38, Simon, 37,
Plymouth Bbeakwateb and Lighthouse (Model) —
VII, Stuart, 28 (Main Avenue, West).
Pocket Knives— See Cutlery.
Pois CmcHK— Egypt, 43, 95, 97.
Pneumatic Instruments— x. I^add, 291a. Taylor, 466.
Pneumatic Govebnob (Larivieie'a Patent) — v. Tuck,
200.
PocKKT-BooKs— xvii. Sclilesinger & Co. 38. Widnall
M. Ionian Islands, Seaton, Lord, 5.
Zollverein (1), Sommer, 878. (6), Haas & Co., 62.
Pocket Pbotectob — xx. Shinton, 75.
PoLiBiES (Harness, &c.)— xxviii. Harris, S. & H., 1 17
«'i
Ixxxviil
ALPHABETICAL AND CLASSIFIED LIST OF ARtlCLES
l/mltd Statu, M'Laiiaii, 3A2. See alio Blacking and
Boot yarnith.
PoLitHiNO Powders— I. Flmher & Hadcn, 80.
Polychromatic Ukcorationb (Uuigiu for)— xxx. (Fine
Art C»iirt) Pullaii, 2(i5.
PoMEaRANATBB— T'hNI'x, 135.
VonToosB—UnUed Stuten, Armilrong, 319.
Poplins— XI. Luwtliiuii Si I'urkrr, 22. xii. & xv. AikiiMon
& C». 256. U»IliiKbr<ike, C. & F., 31 1. Clublmmi k
Non, 2S4. Fry & C». 267. Uiiidc, K. & F. 313.
Joiici, -26'). IMiiltlletun St Ainiwurtli, 312. Pirn &
Co. 255. Reyiiolili, 266. Towiifiiil, 175. xiii.
Carter Se Co. 30. (tregion & Brien, 14. xix. Iriili
Work Society, 77. liimia, (iuulchkofl; 18U.
Porcelain Friezes— xxvii. Miniuii, U. & Co. 86.
Porcelain Letters — xxv. Eariidiuw & Ureavet, 24.
I.ee, 48.
Porcelain Paintinqr -Franctf, Nurgat, 1504a. Simonet,
375.
Ducang, Fontina, 131.
ZoUverein (I), Schade, 680. (2), SchmiJi, 92. (3),
Backer, 176.
Porcelain Paver— France, Bondoii, 63.
Porcelain Ware— x. Kdwarda, 438. xxv. Alcock &
Co. 7. Bell & Co. 26. Brown, T. «c M. L., 45.
Clementson, 8. Cuiielaiid, 2. Dimmock, 12. Finch,
38. Graiiiffer, 46. Keyi & Moiinirord, 14. Mintoii
&Co. 1. Pindar & Co, 15. Uidgway & Co. &. Huie
&Co. 47. Wed|{wood & Soni, 6. xxvi. Gillow
& Co. 186. Million & Co. 531. xxvil. lliiflurd, 89.
Austria, Bagaiti, 616. Fiicber, C, 6 1 7. Fiiclier, M.,
618. Haai, 619. Haidinger, Brotliera, 6:^0. Hultiier,
622. Kriegel & Co. 623. Nowotnv, 625. Portlieim,
626. Qua*t, fl27. Vienna Imperial Porcelain Manu-
factory, 615. Zaacha, 6J8.
Belgium, Cappellemans & Diil)oust, 393. De Fiuueaux,
400. China, Liiidiay. Monteiro, Reeves.
Denmark, Cojienhagen Royal Porcelain Manufactory,
33. Egi/pt, 3H\.
JVance, Bapteroues, 409. Bettignies, 1086. Boquet, 1098.
Bouilon, 432. Colville, 802. De Serionne, Loin &
Co. 1483. Foulqiiei, 1602. Gillp,84H. Honore, 877.
Jacob Petit, 1629. Jacol>b(r,27l. Jolly,277. Lachas-
sagne, 1286. Laliocbe, 1287. I^urent, 5()3. Peyroulx,
1676. Piedagnt-l, 1390. Valin, 708.
Portugal, Pinto Basto & Co. 1047-1104.
ZoUverein (I), Berlin Koyal Prussian Porcelain Manu-
factory, 213. Conta & Bueliine, 815. Goebel, 808.
Henneberg & C >. 772. Looff, 192. Tielscb & Co.
219. Ungerer, 241. (2), Kymplienburg Royal Por-
celain Manufactory, 64.
Porcelain Ware, Haw Materials used in the Ma-
nufactcre of— xxv. Minton & Co. 1.
China, Kiaing-tibt Cliing's Porcelain Works,
France, Deimelle, 1183.
Porcelain Ware (Semi, or Cbemical)— xxv. Grainger,
46.
Porphyry— Wall is, page 853. i. Barry & Harry, 178.
Breadali>anp, Marquis of, 7. Gumming, 195. Gelling,
13!). Fuliiiouth & Penryn Local Committee, 163.
Hicks, 1G4. Jenkins & Stick, 170. Meredith, 141.
Nicholls, 102. Rodd, 169. Whitley, 165. Greece,
46.
Sweden, Klfdahls Works, 47.
Porrooraphes — France, Recy, 1423.
Porte-Monnaies — ZoUverein (1), Sommer, 818, (2),
liischoif Sc Co. OS.
Portfolios— XVI. James, 40. xvii. Hood, 157. xxvi.
McCulliim & Hodsoii, 135.
ZoUverein (2), BisctioflT & Co. 98. (6) Klein, Reisser, &
Co., 86.
Portfolio Brackets and Stands— xvii. Rickman, 194.
XXVI. llindley & Co. 266,
Portland Cement— See Cement, Roman, ^c.
Portmanteaus— See Trunks, ^c.
Portland Vase, Copies, &c, of the— xxv, Boote, T,
& R,, 11. xxx. (Fine Art Court) Copland, 136.
Holmer, 231,
Postage-stamp Expedient -XVII. Gill, 12.
PosiAOE-Si'AMPS— /ranee, Meillet & Picliot, 629.
Potash (Potaim, Potassium, or Barilla)- ii. Bullock
& Co., 37. Howards & Kent, 1 1.
France, Antlielme, 1541, India, I.
Sardinia, Selopis, 4. Spain, 37, 42, 45. T'lirilsy.
Tuscanf, Itistun, 43a.
Van Uiemeu's Land, Denison, Sir W. T., 334.
Potash, Acktatk of I'ortmjal, 75.
Potash, Bichromate of— ii. lientilli, 8 (Main Avenue,
Wtsi). India, I.
Sweilen and Nunraif, I.eeien Manufactory, 39.
I'oTAHH, Chloride of il Walt, 32.
France, Cournerie & Co., 462.
Potash, Chhomatk ur- India, I.
Potash, Cvanate of- ZoUverein (1), Kunheim, 13.
Potash, Feuro-cyanide of— ii. Uramwell & Co., 27.
Austria, llraun, 21,
Potash, Uydro-iodinic - ZoUverein (4), Bom & Son, 2.
Potash, Iodine or—France, Cimrad, lldO, Cournerie &
Co., 462. .terse;/ and Guernsey, Arnold, 33.
Potash, Muriate OF- II. Ward, J., 89. Ward, Smith,
& Co., 54. Austria, Wugi'iimiuni & Co., 19.
Potash, Nitrate of— ii. Hills, 23. India, i. iSjpatn,
Paulo y Bnrtolini, 44.
Potash, 1'rumhiate of- ii. Bramwell & Co., 27. Hur-
let & Cam|Nie Alum Gimpany, 13.
France, Coigiiet & Son, 1 153.
Hussia, Uruavtiiiii, 29. Schlippe, 27.
ZoUverein (I), Cocliius, 12. Giithnil & Co., 439.
Kriminelliein Si Bredt, 457. Paul!, 328. Prussian
Chemical Manufactory, 683.
Potash, Sulphate of- ii. Ward, 89, Wanl, Smith, &
Co., 54, Walt, 32. France, Cournerie & Co., 402.
Potash, Tartar ot— Portugal, Ferreirn, 33, 34, Garland
& Co., 39. Lr.iI, 32. Sersedello & Co., 38.
Potato- Flouh— III. St. Biienne, 13*1.
Beli/ium, BIyckaert, 78, Docquir & Parys, 68. Van
liuiien, 74,
France, Lebleis, 570. Lc Paisant, 590.
Netherlands, Schoneveld & Westerbaan, 13. Visser
& Co.. 15. Bussia, Abiishetf, 331.
ZoUverein (1), Eipenachleid, 330. Farthmann, 16.
Wuhl, 332, Weerlh, 333. Welcker, 331.
Potato-oerm Extractor— IX. Stewart & On, 213.
Potato-Roaster- XXII. Loyaell, 488.
Potatoes (Preserved)— CanaJa, Urunsden & Shipton, 128.
Russia, Aliasheir, 331.
Potatoes, Preparations rwm— Sweden, Lundgren, 100.
Potato-Starch — Canada, Brunsden &Sliipton, 128.
Russia, YurKhenaon, 72.
ZoUverein (I), Lubnrg Maiuifactory, 694. Paetach, 18.
Uechtrilz, 21, (6), Hofmaiin, 14.
Potters' Flint and Colour-mill— vi. Fourdrinier, 100.
Pottery (Various)— i. Duller, 128, Methven & Sons,
126, lioake, 60, xxvii. Bowers & Co., 104.
Oold Coast and Ashanlee, Forster & Smith, 1.
India, xxv. Switzerland, Ziegler-Pcllis, 260.
Western Africa, Jamiuxon, 22,
ZoUverein (I), Villeroy & llocli, 361. See also Earthen-
uare and China. Porcelain-ware, Potteryrclay,
Stone-ware,
Potterv-Clav— I, Browne, 109. Burnett, 106. Ennis-
killen, Earlof, 116. Fahie, 129. Fayle & Co., 100.
Grimsley, 105. Hodgson, Sir G., 123. Jenkins &
Courtney, 93. Marlyn, 107. Michel!, 110. Minton
& Co., 97. North Devon Pottery Company, 127.
Phillips, 101. Phipiuril, 113. Pike, W. & J. 102.
Pease, 122, Thriscutt, 94. Trnacott, 104, Wandei-
forde, Hon. C, 111. West of England China, Stone,
& Clay Company, 103. Wheeler & Co., 108. White-
way & Co., 00, Whitley, 9,j, Egypt, 12. Turkey.
ZoUverein (S), I^eicher, 6, Nassau Government £ugi-
nrera of Mines, 1.
Pottekv Kilns- xxv. Ridgway, 625.
Pottery Printing— xxv. Potts, 49.
Pottery Printing-presses— VI, Fourdrinier, 100.
Pottery Tissue-paper— vi, Fourdrinier, 100, xvii.
Lamb, 147,
Poultry-troughs— IX, Wishaw, 59,
Powder-barrel— VIII, Slater, 78.
Powder and Shot Flasks— viii, Inikip, 227. xxn.
■ft-'
fe
DESCRIBED IN THE CATALOOUE.
Ixxxix
<a)— II. BuUuck
. Turktg.
?., 3il4.
8 (Main Avmiuv,
)ry, 39.
^unlieim, 13,
iwdl & Co., 27.
), nuni & Son, 2.
no. Cuurnerie &
luld, 33.
). Ward, Smith,
Co., 19.
Wtd, I. Spain,
kCo., 27. Hur-
oil & Co., 43!).
i, 328. Pruitiun
Ward, Smith, &
erie & Co., 402.
,.13,34. Garland
Co., 38.
Poryi, 68. Van
moil, 13. Vi*ser
Fnrtiimann, 16.
331.
& 0>., 213.
!n&Shipton, 128.
, Lundgren, 100.
Ihiptoii, 128.
)4. Pa«Uch, 18.
Foiirdriiiivr, 100.
iethven & Sons,
Co., 104.
itii, I.
I, 260.
See also Earthen-
Pottery Tclay.
it, 106. Ennit-
lyle & Co., 100.
23. Jenkiiif &
, 110. Minton
Company, 127.
W. & J. 102.
104. Wandet<
id China, Stone,
,108. White-
, 12. Turkey.
vernmeut Eugi-
inier, 100.
r, 100, XVII.
ip, 227. xxn.
.'■aft
Dixon &Soni, 797. France, Hoclir, 709. India, viii.
See al>u f^hot Delti, Puuvhe; ffc.
POWDER-MAOAZINGS FOIl MARITIME PuRPOBEl— VIII.
liearfmit, 274.
PowGR-ENOiNB Mkteri— X. Brown, 335.
P0WKR-LOUM8 (liicliidinff Ma«leli)— VI. Bullough, 12.
Clmlinem, 32. Cricliton, 39. Elliott ft ilayet, OU.
Harriicin, 18. Ilililiert, Plait, & Son*, I. Motoii, ID.
Milligan, 38. Purkn & Co., 77. Reed, 89.
France, Dorey, 823. Fromai(e, 219.
United State», Lowell Machiiip-thiip, 447.
Pbeciour Stones- Hope, page, 840. i. Biil1«r»!i, Bonitto,
& Parii, 4. MucdonaUl, 20. Mnjeiidle, 28, xxil.
floode it Boluud, 294. XXIII. (iiurunl, R. & 8., <JG.
Hunt & Roikell, 97. Moid & Co., 117. Pliillliii,
Brother!, 87. Thittletliwiiyte. 24.
Auitria, Lohkowili!, Prince ot, 10. Schonborn, Count of,
15. Ceylon. Fruiice, Lrmonnier, 304.
New Bruntwick. India, i. xxiii.
! New Granada, \. Balleraa, 3. Bonilto, .5. Pnrii, 4.
Turkeii, United States, Feutchwaiiger, 460.
Van Diemen's Land, Kemp, 320. Milligan, 310-319.
Zollverein (1), Romaiin, 10. Weithaupt &Som, 412.
William, 307. (4), Faiit & Steinhaeuier, 64. See
alto Diamond*. Emeralds. PearU.
Frf,cioij8 Stones, Imitation— xxiii. Henrys&Co., 131.
.lu8(nVi, lligiiglia, 6U0. Blaichku & Suns.'OOl. Pazelt,
603. Pfeift'er, 004. Sander, 0U7.
France, Henri, 871. Savory & Mothacb, 368.
Switzerland, Mauy, 222. Verel, 223,
Zollverein (1), Wilier, 325. (6), Wagner, 52.
Precipice C1.IHDIN0 Apparatus— VIII. Hubbard, 180.
Preparations from the Torpedo — Tuscany, Prof. Ca-
lamia, 60a.
Preserved Fruits— See Fruits, dried and preserved.
Preserved Flowers— iv. Stevens, 3.
Preserved Pitcher-Plants— iv. Cook, 2a.
Preserved Provisions. See Provisions, Preserved.
Press (Undejcribed)— /Vance, Meurant, Brotbem, & Wil-
lemin, 1650.
Press-papers— XVII. Hamer, 84. Haitingi & Mellor, 85.
Pressure Gauge— v. Bunill, 753.
Preston Hall (Model)— xxx. (Fine Art Court) Thomas,
235 a,
Prince Albert's Mirror— viii. Beadon, 90.
Printed Fabrics (Cumbrica, Miialin, Linen, Silk, &c.) —
XIV. Devon & Co. 34. Tee&Son, 37. xviii. Bradwell
& Adama, 40. Gourlie & Sou!i, 52, xix. Bright &
Co., 115. Bnrch, 113, India, will.
Portugal, Miranda & Co,, 728-747,
United Slates, Reed, Cliadwick, & Dexter, 400. See
also Calico Printing.
Printed Fabrics (Designs for)— xviii. Bridges, 79, Cad-
man, 74, Flelclier, 69. Green, 70a. Hobba, 83,
Jarvie, 82. Kay, 68. Smitli, 89. Wateraon, 67.
XIX, Harvey, 197. Austria, Hartmann, 742.
JVance, Baibe, 1068. Cliatel, 118. Didier, 820. Gat-
tiker, 841. Henry, 1267. Loroche, 291. Naze, Son,
& Co., 625. Picard, 347. Queru & Cj. 1415.
Trouillier, 466. Walwein, 737.
Printers' Counting-machines- x. Greaves, 503.
Printers' Frames— xvii. Gallard, 11.
Printers' Ink— 2bHierein (3), Haniegen, 7. Jagod/.insky,
8. (5), Baldeiiecker, 12. (6), Petri, 41.
Printers' Page Markers— fWj^tum, Mackintosh, 471,
Printers' Hollers- Sieftzer/anrf, Lendenmann, 232,
Printing, Anastatic— xxx. (Fine Art Court) Cowell,
Printing Apparatus— vi. Cooke, 118. Sec also Com-
posing Frames. Composing Machine.
Printing Cases— xxix. Napier, 262.
Printing, CmsuBE- Zollverein (\), Beyerhaus, 144.
Printing, Colours for— xvii. Caslon & Co., 78.
Printing in Colours- xvii. Kisiier, 10. Hodson, 166.
xxx. (Fine Art Court) Baxter, 115. Cundall &
Addey, 112. Dicks, 68, Jones, 54. Kronhein, 40,
Melton, 297.
Printing, Decorative— xxx. (Fine Art Court) Hum-
phreys, 50.
Pbintino, Letter-pbess (Specimeus of )— xvii. Bagiter
& Sons, 87. Bradbury & Evans, 130. De la Rue k
Co., 76. Evans, 113. Leighton, J, & J„ 21. Owen,
180. Silverloek, 40. xxx, (Fine Art Court) Harris,
244. Mvers, 117.
Austria, Vienna lm|ierial Court and Government Print*
ing-Ufflcr, 362, Canada, Bureau & Marcotti, 192.
France, Balteiiberir, 1070, Cliardon & Son, 110, Friry
& Riga, 1237, Gauthler,234, Guesnii,250. Meyer,
637. National Pi int ng-OfUce, Paris, 544. Silber-
niann, 374, India, xvii,
Netherlands, Nooidendorp, 110.
United States, Walker & G>., 123. Whiting, 530.
Zollverein (I), Decker, 148. Eiigel. 885. Llepmann,
147. Mnester ft Kuhii, 156. Wagner, 155. (3),
Ilirsclifeld, 180, Meiiihold & Sons, 181. (3), Bauer
& Krebs, 13, See alto 7V;>e. Tyvographu.
Printing-machines— VI. Cowper, 134, Hopkinson &
Cope, 162, liigiam, 122. Napier & Son. 158. Nel-
son, 120. Sherwin & Co., 104. Ullmer, 121. Water-
low & Sons, 1 64. China, Astell & Co. Zollverein (2),
Reichenliach, 102. See ii\»o Label Printing- Machines.
Printing on Metaluc Surfaces — xvii. Aclii* &
Tucker, 55. xxil. Abate, 265.
Printing, Music—See Music Printing,
Printing, Ornamental— xvii. Gill, 160. Ramsay, 187.
xxx. (Fine Art Court) Wilton, 44. Canada, Starke
&Co. 191.
Printing, Phonetic Short-hand— xvii. Pitman, 197.
Printing Presses and Machines- v. Raniomet Jc
May, 640. vi. Clymer & Dixon, 124. Cobb, l.'iO.
Cowslade & Lovejny, 91. Harrild & Son, 137. Se«
also Type.
Printing on TinfoiI/— xvii. Arlissand Tucker, 35.
Prin-hno Tvpograpr for the Blind— x. Hughes, 401.
Fruiting Type— &e Type.
Printing, Wood-Cut— xvii, Bradbury & Evans, 136.
Folkard, 112.
Prints (Undescrilwd)— xxx. (Fine Art Court) Apple, 274.
/Vance, Simon, 1014. Zollverein (,\), Engel, a89.
Prismatic Colours in Glass (Speciment of )— x. Rich-
ardion, 264.
Propelung Apparatus (Undetcribed)— viii. Corrylon,
82. XXII. Marideii, 513.
Proving Presses- v. Fox, Henderson, & Co., 404.
Provisions, Preservfd- tii. Brocchiere, 16. Copland,
Barnes, & Co., 1.. ' -A. ible, 12. I.eonard, J. & T. P.,
2(1. Linklater, 24. Moses. H. E. & M., 101. Ritchie
&McCa11, 15. Smi>b,14. Underwood, 23. Whitney,
26. IV. Dufaville, ..'a.
Canada, Nicolton, :i26.
South Africa, Marti 1, 40. Schlussler, 39.
Hamburgh, Scbiiautz, 104. New Brunswick. Prater, 24.
New South Wales, Bogue, 2. Brieaiis, 2a. Daiigar, 7.
Dudgeon & Co. 11. Nova Scotia, Central Com-
mittee, 2.
Bussia, Vsevolui'owitch, 338.
Spain, 139b. Coiiti, 139a. Switzerland, Baup, 52.
Turkeu.
United States, Botden, 624. Duffield, 363, 363a. Hough,
5U7. Smith & Co., 519. Usher, 379. Wadsworth &
SheMoki, 348.
Fan Diemen's Land, Adcoiik, 6. Lipacombe, 297. See
also Alimentary Preserves. Amazone.
Prussian Blue— ii. Iteade, 3a. France, Souchon, 1491.
Pulleys, Antifriction — vii. Coles, 11.
Pulp-Strainer (for Pajwr-making) — See Paper-making
Machinery.
Pulpits— XXVI. Cooper, 239. Moulin, 163. xxviii.
Cooper, 151.
Pulpits with Hearing Apparatus for the Deaf— x.
Heeps, 619.
Pulpits, Portable— xxvi. Melville, 3.
Pumice-Stone — Austria, Hanlfmulh, 35. Schabas, 36.
Bermudas. New Zealand, Meurant, 15.
Pump (Model in Glass)— xxiv. Skidniore, 52.
Pump fob supplying Boilers — v. Broughton, 447.
Pumps, Aiu See Air-Pumps.
PrMPS, Boat— VIII. O'Conner, 189.
.". MPS, Centrifugal — Umted States, Gwynne, 140.
Pumps, Obaimmg— v. Appold, 420. Bessemer, 421.
sa
ALl'HABETICAL AND CLASSIFIED LIST OF AUTICLKH
Riiiile, 121.
E<l<ly, 403.
QoiMK<>, 414. VIII.
100. Williumt, :)32.
Pump*, Fumik, Sumtitutk for— x. PImi>, 215.
PuMPi, Lirr AND FoRCK-v. Stoclirr, 8. & G,, 432
Wunifr & 8<>i», 4'H. WilliKMH 138.
Bilgium, Juuviie, I i3.
PuMPN, Liquid Manitrs— ix. (^)tl«m & IIall«n, 109a
Orump, 160. Weir, 113.
PuMpa, Mbdical-x. Nuiin, 371.
PuMPa, MiNiNU— I. Arlliiir, 41)'2.
Pump*, Shi ph'-v. liewemrr, 4,21
Macilonulil, 3i'9. lUibiiifini,
PUMl*s (Vnriima, iiioluiliii)( Moileli)— V. Cliino, 47i
Duly, 400. Dowiituii, 474. KmiI, 00. 8eir«, 4.Vi.
Bhitlileri, 402. gmilli, K. & Hun, 440. Wtinier &
Built, 424. Whitrlaw, OS. vii. Poiitifex 8c Wuod, 602.
VIII. Diillnii, 320. IX. Tliom|Muii, 2iSn. BiirKsu
& Key, 237. Duatir, Dmv, & Daune, 180. FuirlM*,
133. Key & Mitcliell, 237. x. Kiiule, 127. Well-
way, 463. XVI. Tbomaa & Muii, 211. xxii. Ilodgai,
5 10. Ae^iiiM, Joiiviie, 133. Kntomont, 309.
China, Liiidiay. Venmnrk, Liiiide, 13.
J-)rance, Nilu*, 033. Jeney and Ciuenuei/, While, 13,
IjHited Slatet, Riiker, 237.
i!b//crrri'» (I), Wiirileii & Cu. 31. See alio Archime-
dnin Scrtw», Steam I'limug.
Pump Valvks— I. Hutkiiig, 41)0.
PUNCIIINU-MACIIINU*— VI. WllilWUrtll & Co. 201. VIII.
Ktrick, 327.
PUNT8 (fur wild fi)wl sliuuling) VIII. Aiiiell, 183.
PuRBKCK Mahule (witli artich'i. tliereiii)- Main Avenue,
Weit, Mather, 61. i. Freeman, W. & J., 16U.
Sparlu, 134. Vum, 133.
PuRCiiASK H1.OCX8— l>iii<«i States, Sutton, 430.
PuRHKMAKiNu Machine— /'raiiir, Laneiiville, 287.
Putty-Stone OnNAMENn— /ri/ite, Heiliireiithul & Co.
339.
Puzzles —XXVI. Aiulay, 64.
PuzzoLAN A— (»r«ce, 23.
Pyrites— I. Jenkiiu, 302. 11. Hall, 40.
Belgium, Suci^lu de Vedriii, 17. India,!.
Sardiuia, Selopii, Brotlicra, 4.
Pyrites, Wham -Algeria, Kriqiieler & Co. 1 1.
Pyrites, Copper— i. Urylh, S., & Kedrndi Committee,
444. Jiiissia, lioguduvak Cupper Wurka, I,
Dirhei/.
Pyrites, Iron— I. Liakeard Cu]iimilteo,313. 11. Speiice,
7. Wilaon, 0. Tiirkei/.
Pyrites, SuLPnim— ii. Kunc, 33.
PvRu-OALUC AND Pyro-iiecunic Acids— II. Maraon, T.
& Sun, lOti.
Pyrooraphv (Spcimeiia oO— xxx. (Fine Art Court) Cal-
vert, 1)7. Manhall, 338. Mills, 90. Mitchell, 87.
Belgium, Ducluutel, 443.
PvRouoNEOus \cio— France, Batnille, 42.
Fyrolionkous Acid Manuf.vcture Apparatus — vi.
Halliday, 617.
Pvrometi;rs— .4«jt<ri(», Wurm, 137.
United States, Erricasun, 14U,
Quadrants — &e Sextants, Quadrants, 4'c.
Quadrant-Stand— VII. Uenciyntiki, 27.
Quadrioa (Mmlel oO — xxx. (Fine Art Court) Wyatt,
183.
Quartz— I. Cook, 19. Falmouth & Penryn Local Com-
mittee, 8», 163. 01dlield,:il. Sweetroan, 40. Braid-
ley, 23a.
Ceiflon, Albrecht, Greenhill & Co.
France, Ilertaud, 1349,
Spain, Dorcelona Mines, Iiujiectur of, 3.
"Turkey.
Tuscany, Frediaiii, 16. United States, Brown, 283.
Quartz-crusher— f/HiVfrf Stales, Wright, 185.
Quartz Crystal- i. Duke of Devonshire, 331 (Main
Avenue. Kaat).
Quassia — British Guiana, Arrindell, 69.
QUEEN, Her Majesty The— Equestrian Statue of Her
Majesty liy TlioniycroO, jiage, 833. — Equestrian Sta-
tues of Her Majesty uiid H.K.H. Prince Allwrf, hy
Wyatf, jMige 833.— Portraits cmi S' "res China of Her
Majesty, hy Ducluzeau, and of H.K.H. Prince Albert,
by Bazenget, after Winterhalter, Main Avenue East,
06, 07. -Staluf of Her Mujnly,iii Kino, hy iIm VieilU
Munlugne Mining Co., i. 437 (Main Avenue, Ka*t). —
llutis uf tlie Queen and Prince Allwrl, in Xiiie, I.
Virille Muntagne Mining Co., 4'I7.— Portrait of Her
Maiesty, woven in silk, xill. Crose, 32. — Purtrait
of Her Majeaty in Eniliruiderv, xix. lAml)ert, 220.
— Domestic (Jrou|)a uf Her Majesty and llio Prince of
Wales, in Ormolu and Brunie, by Bell xxil. Mee-
srngrr k Sons. 340.--Silver Statiiettrs uf Her Majesty
and H.lt.ll. Prince Alliert, xxiii. /inimerinan, 80.
- Broniu Bust uf Her Majesty, after Chantrey, xxx.
(Fine Art Court) Ilutlleld, 133.— Oval Medallion of
Her Miijestv, pro<luceil by a aingle line of equal thiclc-
iieae, xxx.(Fine ArtCouit)Bi«hop 378.— Jew«l-cas«,d«-
signeil by (Jruiier, with iMrtraits of Her M^jealy, H.K.H.
Prince Allwrt, and the Prince uf Walea, alter Thurburn,
XXIII. 140 (Main Avenue, Weat).— Cradle carved in
Turkey Iiuxwuo<l, by Kugert, 333. — Wax Figure of
Her Majeaty, Holding. 317.— Wax Figure of Her
Majeaty and H.K.H. Prince Allierf, Trundle, 73.~
Portrait uf Her Mitjeaty in Needlework, Swedin and
Norway, Ainer, 43.— Full-length Portrait of Her Ma-
jeaty, in enamel, alter Clialun, Switterliiad, Dufauz,
349.
Quercus-Cerris, Extract— ifo//«erei« (2), Boerer & Por-
seliua, 8.
Quicksilver- /'Vrtwce, Violetfe, 1328.
Spain, Almeria Mines, lna|iector of, 13,
Tuscany, 0-11. Vulterru Salt Manulactiiry, 2.
QUILI.H-1V. Morrell, 38. xxvi. Gillioit & Cu. 130.
Ceylon. Oldeuhunjh, Uramluge, 2.
JiuHsia, Rubievilch, 360.
Quilts -&e Bed Quilts. Eider-Down Quill;
^ivlvnnaa—Zollverein (4), Weigle, 29. See also Waist-
coatings.
Quince (Ikngol)— ii. Pound, 108.
Quinine— II. Huwards & Kent, 11. S|)encer, 31.
Siirdinia, Dufuur, 13.
Quinine, Sulphate ov— Tuscany, Currldi, 22.
Zollvereiu (4), .lobat, 4.
Radetzkv, Field-Marshal Count (Statue of )— .<4u«<Wa,
Prince Salin, 430 (Main Avenue, Euit).
Railways (.Models, &e.)— v. Dunn, 998. Perry, 562.
VIII. Brown, Sir 8., 334. Netherlands, Claiuen, 9J.
Railway Accidents, Plans for preventing. Set
Railway Collisiont Prevention.
Railway, Atmospheric (Models) — v. Cunnioirhum &
Carter, 631. Hurlow & Yuuuk, 633. Jacksun.
703.
Railway Axles— i. Beecrult, Butler, & Cu. 41"). v. liee-
crol't, Butler, & Cu. 046. Patent Ishait & Axletreu
Cu. 343. Tbururycrol'l & Co. 636.
ZoUverein (I), Piepunstuvk & Co. 472.
Railwav-Axlk Hoxes— v. Adams, 310. Parsuns, 642.
W'orsdell & Co. 637.
Railway- Axle Forues — v. Wursdell &Co. 637.
Railway Bars —v. Cwm Avoo Iron Cu. 64.'i. Derwent
Iruii Co. 647. Dudds & Sun, 64. Ebbw Vale Cu.
638.
Railway Breaks— v. Botten, 429. Davies, 828. Dillon,
560. Gray, 694. Handley, 600. Jones, 656. Knox,
514. McNauftht, 22, 686. Pisiie, 5:)9. Stoy, 705.
Walker, 693. vi. Chalmers, 32.
France, I^ignel, 1637. Jersey and fr(/er/i««y, Borland, 4.
f/Mi7e(/ &a(eji, Cochran, 481.
Railway Brioues (Models)— See Bridges, Railway,
Railway Buffers — v. De Berftue, 552. Clarksim, 568.
Fossick Si Hackworth, lU. vii. Nicholson, 40.
XXII. Brnwn, 233.
Railway Carriages (including ModeU & Plans) — v.
Aduins, 510. Chiibut, 684. Cripps, 576. Green,
704. Haddem, 541. Lester, 700. Macbay, 386.
M'Cunnel, 539, Mellin(j, 708. Tennaut, 564. Wil-
liams, 330. vil. Cules, 1 1 . Geary, 2. Nichulson,
4t). Suukey, 32. Smith, 96. viii. Brown, Sir S.
334.
Zolloirein (X), Rciffert, 886.
Railway Cabriaqe Cushions— /Vance, Voruz, 1333.
DESORIBED IN THE CATALOGUE.
xol
(2), Uoerer&Por-
IIaii.wav C.tHRiAoi: Uamvh. Sei Liimpi, Railway Cur-
riiiiie.
Uailwav CahruukSi'IIINoh v. Aduma. AIO. GitiNon,
84H. Mpfueur & iSon, 6<Vi. xxii, Juliniuii, Cammill,
ft Co., 100.
Railway CA*it-IioxiiH xxii. Sparki, i'M.
Hailwav Chair* —v. Ikinvi, M43, Hamuli, 610.
Railway Colliriond 1'rkvkntkin, &c. (I'lin* foi)— v,
Chmkhicc, 6UI. Gumpuiti, 6Vi. Mitchttll, OIU. X.
Mupplf, 1J5.
Railway Coui'linos — v. Jiine«, CM. Murruy, 466,
Tliiiriil.iii & Hoiii, 400. Wurrun, ASS.
Railway Cronminuh, (Uteh for— v. YuiinK tc Co. 600
(Wealvru Kml, North Kiiclutiire, Oiitnitlv, liO).
IIailwav CuHVKii, Inhtrument i'oh Suiting Out— v.
Sanilvriinn, A7li.
Railwavk, Farh— ix.Croukill, l.l.'i.
Railway (iAi;uKa(MiMli-l8)— vii. Smith, 00.
Railway Grv,a»k— France, Murvuii, 1301,
Railway (iuARD§' TiMK-i'iKCED-x. U«nn«t(, 1. Pairar,
3(i. Tiiliiiiii &C». 78,
Railway Inclinkn, MuiIr of otiiitiiig CurriuKei up and
down — V, .Siiowdeu, 588,
Railway Locomutivk Kscisks. See Locomotive Engiiiea,
Rnilway.
Railways, Apparatus for tiia.nmferrino Mail Uaob
o.v— V. Dicker, C74.
Railway 1'krmanknt Wayh (ModeU, &c.)— v. Uurliiw,
W, H, fi02. Burlow, l»,W. (101, Crultwell & Co,
\M'i. Ciiliilt, U28, Grrat We»terii Railway Com-
pany, .tOl, Hoby, (iU, Sumnel, OIU,
Raij,wav, Portarlk (Model)— IX, Stuewni, '18,
Railway Uailh — v. Oreavea, 013, RichuvdKon, OSI,
Amtria, Linilhuim, 42'i. A'eu) South IF<i/e«, Slileldt, 18.
RiiHMia, Poland Lnperial Mining WorkH, 13.
Railway Siuino Stop— v. Uockers, 303.
Railway Sional-Lamps— vii. Rettie, 159. viii. Pearce,
330, XXII. Uoake, 607, UulKalet 450, Meweiiger
& Son*, 340, Riddle, 637. Binitli* & Co. 452.
Railway Signaub— v. Brotherhood, 002. Cnoley, 561,
CoplinK, bUH, Cowiivr, 6U0, De Pontnine, 610,
Hatteriiley, 701, Hoy, 710. Lockyer, 5S2. Luni?,
662. Peiircr, 709. Shaw & Co. 728. Stevt-ni, 572.
Stevens & Son, 609. Tidmumh, 707,
VII, Jeffrey, 14. vill. Pearce, 33U.
XXII. Clark & Restell, 446.
Railway Sleepers— v. Harlow, 601.
Lui-y, 356. itungomei & May, 640,
Belyium, Marchal, 302.
Railway Snow-sweeping Engine — v. Faure, 720.
Railway Switches & Crossings— v. UaineH, 643. Ken-
nurd, 641. Parionn, 642. Sharp & Co. 728.
United States, Cochran, 297. Tyl.r, 397.
Railway Tickets-dating Machine — vi. Church &
Goddard, 133.
Railway Trains (Models) — v. Jones, 656.
Railway Trains, Apparatus for Shipping & Un-
shipping—vii. Houch, 73.
Railway Thaversino Apparatus — v. Great M^'estern
Railway Com^iany, 301. Dunn, 618. Ormerod & Son,
624.
Railways, Trenails & Wedges for— v. Ransomes &
May, 610.
Railway Trucks— v. Ashbnry, 73), Stj uiso Springs,
Bailwai/ Truck.
Railway Turn-Tables— v. Allan, 711. Greenway, 698.
Leadbeiter, OJU. Ormerod & Son, 624. Ruusomes
& May, 640.
Railway Tubn-Tables, Model of Railway dispensiug
with— V. Dunn, 9U8.
Railway Waggons- v. Henson, 532,
Railway Water-Cranes— v. Ransomes & May, 640.
Railway Wheels— V, Banks & Cham bers, 666, Beecroft,
Butler, & Co. 646. Haddan, ,'>41. Mansell, 713,
Sandford, Owen. & Watson, 554, Wharton, 713.
VII. Irish Kn((ineering Company, l.'iO.
United States, Shattuck, 509.
Railway Wheels, Invention to prevent Vibration
of— V. Lipscombe, 670.
Railway Wheel-Tides & Tihe-Babs- i. Beecroft, But-
WatHon, 712.
X. Allen, 413.
Greaves, 615.
tur, tc Co. 415. V. P<iecrof>, Butler, k Co., 640.
Thorneycroft, 636. Warien, 1001. Worsdall & Co.
637.
Railway Wiiistlm— v. Fuurncis, 381, Robtrtw, 530.
Tabor, <)«1.
Railway Wrappers— xii. St xv. Gaudy, 346. Wilson,
J, & W„ Hi.
Rain-Gaugen-x. Biker, 396. Newman, 674. Fhilliiw,
411.
Raising-machink— XXII. Jackson, 311.
Raihinr .V/>/<iH, Ciiado, 103. Tunis, 107, 109.
Raker, HoHHK,&i:.— IX. Grant & Co. 267. Hulmes &
Sons, 241. Howard, I. tt F.aiU. Da Porquet, 202.
Smith & Son, 334.
Ramrods— VIII. Brider, 301. See also Ouns, ^c.
l<AMH(l,kTI': HUVELLEHS, MoDEL OF LUGUKR USED BY —
VIII. Twyman, 144.
Rape-Seed & Rapk-Seed Oil & Cake— in. Mctiarry &
SnuH, 132. IV. Brothertou & Co. 33.
Austria, Mulvieux, 103.
Nelherlamls, Debaau, 9. See also Linseed ir Linseed-
Oil, i-c.
RANPnEHRV Vinegar— Crtmi(/(«, Fletcher, 127.
Ratoiikt-iiuistino Machine (Model)— C//ii(«(/ States,
Holmes, 331.
Rattans —/Aihunn, fee Hammond * Co. 2.
Netherlands, Hoop & C». 34.
Razors— XXI. Bradford, R. & W., 3. Stewart & Co. 31.
Tozucks, 22. Wood, 8. xxii. Butcher, W.&S. 192.
Klliutt, 131. Feunev, 114. Gilb«-rt, Brothers, 123.
Hawcrufi & Sons, 135. Mariin, 133. Webster, 134.
Winks & Son, 134.
Auttria, Bluy, 305. Bresilmuii-r, 306. Rosier, 353.
Rupprecht, 553. Wachler, .^61. 6'Aina, lierncattle.
India, I. Mechlenburg-Schwerin, Buhrt, 9,
Swmlan &• Norwai/, Stille, 13a.
Switzerland, Bu'rkhardt, 270. I.«cnultrc, 315, 363.
Lecuultre. Brothers, 314. Hoeller, 637.
Zollverein (4), Ditlmur, Brothers, 57.
Razor-Guards- x. Heather & Bluckwell, 633. xxi.
Stewart &Co. 21.
Razor-Sirops— X. Saunders & Sun, 205. xx. Barnes,
T. &G.,27. XXI. Cowvan, B.&S. 0. Sauuderi, G.,
34. Stewart & Co., 21. xxvill. Dewsnap, 190.
XXIX. Sacker, 214.
Gibraltar, Cuarnig. 1.
Sweden and iVorwai/, Burkhardt, 270.
Reading Stands and Tables— xxvi. North, 239. Rid-
dett, 49. Warren, 2»8.
Ready-made Linen- xx. Brie & Co., 21. Ford, 30.
Hemming, 28. Human & Co., 17. Lennox, 147.
Marshall, 25. Minifle, 151. Neville & Co., 20.
Nicull, 34. Puterson, 19. Porter, 30. Reid, 23. Scott,
141. Smith, 29. Wheeler & Ablett, 22. White, 159.
United States, Forrest, 539.
Reaping-machines- Seeilfowtnt^and Reaping Machines.
Reception Seat, >\ ith Canopy, &c.. Presented to Her
Majesty by the Nawab Natim of Bengal — India.
Reciprocating Engines (Invention for converting into a
uniform force the fluctuating force derived from reci-
procating Engines) Models — v. Constable, 70.
Reclinia, The (fur Astronomical purposes)- x. Roper.
197.
Record Office (Model oQ — xxx. (Fine Art Court),
Dighton, 160.
Rectilinear Motion ('Machine for converting into Curvili-
near Motion) — Belgium, Demanet, 178.
Red Lead— .4uitri«, Herbert, 32. Zollverein (\), Ohle, 62.
Reeds (for Weaving)— vi. De Bergne, 43. Gatenby &
Pass, 60.
Refractor— J?o/Zferein (2), Merg & Sons, 30.
Refrigerators— VI. Askew, (ill. Coffev, 615. Hulls,
618. Lawreme, 604. x. DarvcU, 389,
Regent's Park Botanical Gardens (Model) — vii.
Turner, 7,
Regimental Axk— Portugal, Bolmne, 616.
Regimental AppoiNTJiENTS — See Military Accoutre-
ments.
Regimental Trousers, Invention for frooucino a
Red Stripe on— xx. Grosjean, 60.
xeii
ALPHABETICAL AND CLA88IFIRD LIST OP ARTICLITS
Rmivlatino Ikaiw to* CAiinAaM— fyanm, lUktuuin,
Hill.
Rmin— II. HavM k Co., 7i. Tli« London DcugKitts,! 1 7.
Of/un, Ptvrii. Iiidia, iv.
Kutia, RwUtl, •4.
&iaiit, r\<»—, CaMeron ft d., 341.
Arktg. Km Dumtn't Land, MilligM, 299. Stt alio
Otim$..
RnmuTOK Smokino Pint— xxv. L«iteh & H<4inmonil,
50.
RvTicuuB- xri. Brindly, 31. xxvi. FoothuMM ft
Co.. 132.
RnoiiTi— Sm Crveiblti. 0<u- Retort*.
RivmiBut CuoTH (rioUhril on lioih lidra) — xii. ft xv.
UnrKraa** ft Muwyi, 38. Shaw, Son, ft Cu., 1 10.
WriKl*y, J. & T. C, 117.
Rbvolvmu~iSm Ohh$, ^e.
RBEiocuNBi (or Spring B«ilst«ndi) — xxvi. Cottam,
221.
Rbxdmatio Pitcr-plaitxk— Zo//v«rWN (4), Faulhnbtr ft
L«ub«, 43.
Rhidmatiiii, Mxoicatbd Banoi pom thb Cdud or—
X. CoIm, 660.
Rhodium— I. Johnmn ft Matthey, 477.
Rhododendron Wood— AuMta, Coutaii (Govommant
oO. 118.
Rhdbakb— 11. Lamploush. 71. Tmtian ft IJihrr, W,
RiBBONi (Silk, Gautv, ftcj— xiii. Allen ft HulmtN, AG.
Barry, Bruth«r«, 75. Br<ty ft Co., 67. Brid^alt ft
Co., 49. Brucklohurat ft Sons, 38. Caldvcott, R. ft
R.,68. Co|)e&Cu., 70. Cornell&Cu., 22. Coven-
try Ribboni Coinmittea, 72. Cux, 66. Hart, 76.
Hawaii ft Co., 27. Lawia ft AUanby 16. M'Ray,78.
Marthall ft Snalnrove, 33. R.itliff; J. ft C, 73. R»d>
may no & Co., I A. Kobiniion, 77. Sharp ft Co.,
69. Sturdy ft Turnar, 79. xix. Bannock ft Co., 394.
Auttrta, Mamat, A., 246. Moaring, 217. Pfcning-
bargar, 248.
Fraaca, Ualay, 1061. Bairallon ft Broiiard,ie. Buii-
•011,1129. ColIi^rdftCoiite,ll24. Couchoud, 1161.
Da H.ijalaira, 18. Ooiiivl ft Matmaiar, 1193. Dii-
tron, 1209. Gcrimon, Kon, 242. Larchar, Faure, ft
Co., 1293. Miehflin, 641. Molyn La^ouef, 13)9.
RubarNFaura, 1442. Schnaider ft Legrand, IU02.
Tuveo ft Co., 7U4. Vigoat, Brothvn. 1924.
India, xiii. kuiiia, Loitt- if, 204. Spain, Sana, 274a.
Switterland, Ribbon ManiifacturerN, 192.
TuHiM, 10. Turkey.
Zollvertiit (1), Amlrcae, 370. Bruck ft Soni, 939.
Grotf , 938. Haydwvller &S»ni, 921. Hoaninghaui
ft Soiia, 919. Linganbrink ft Vennamann, 926.
Menghuif, Brothari, 930. Paii, 377. Scheibter ft
Co., 934. Siabel, 913. ZolUerein (3), Eiaanttuck
ft Co., 151.
Ribbons (Ouaigni for)— fVanee, Braun, 72.
Rice — ^tj^a. Hardy, 28.
Briti$h Guiana, Duggin, 7. Neticher, 6.
Ceylon. En-j-J, 40-43, 79, 83, 86.
France, Vary, 909. India, iii.
Labuan, ffc, Hammomi ft Co., 2.
Mauritius, Reader. 7. Natural Hiitory Sooiaty, 4.
Sardinia, Blondel, Gaaton, & Co., 18. Palleatrini, Bro-
ther!, 17.
Spain, 72. Martinet y Perei, 89. TVinidad, Lord Harrii.
Turkey.
United States, 'aeiiot,\72c. Merriweather, 164. Ward,
172d.
Rice, Machine for Peeling— Be/^^tum, Houyet, 129.
Rice Paper — China, C'>pland.
Rice- Paper Drawings — China, Copland. Hammond
ft Co.
Richard C<bcr-de-Leon (Siatuei oQ— Western End
(Outside) Alaroclietti. Hamburgh, Englehard, 93.
Rick Cloths- xir. Morrison & Hurn, 49. xxix. Fisher,
29. See alw Tarpaulini.
Rick Ventilator— ix. Oillett, 78.
Rifle Mallets (for hot climates)— viii. BriJer, 262.
Rifles- Sw Gunt, |-c.
Ritetino-machines— VI. Fairbairne ft Sons, 200. Gat-
forth, W. J. ft J., 208.
Road Lbtbu (for Agrteuliural purpowii) -x. Rickmaa,
681.
ROAD-MBAIVIIIHO AND MAPPING MaCHINB— X. Adcock.
399.
RoAD-WATBBiMO Machinbi— V. Gaary, 846. ix. Cuoda.
194a.
Roaitino AppAiuTin— vii. Ramington, 179. &«al«o
Cooking Apparatus.
RocHBLLB 8Ai;r»— II. Pontifex ft Wood. I.
Rock CBvaTALi (including Arliclasthanin)— i. Carter, 3.
XXVI. Wabli, 171. Ceylon.
Spain, Zamiira Minaa, Inijiaetor of, 80.
Zo//MrWN(3), KuoRlar, 186. >
Rock Urchilla— Porta^a/, Butaiha, 900a.
Rock Nalt - 1. Thompaon, 73. Wotthiogtun, 97.
Husnia. Obroutchali; 348.
St. Helena, Aarioullural Society, 2. Turkey.
Rock Stonb— Oi9ra//ari. (from Arctic regions) Snow, 89.
HocKET Apparatus— VIII. Corls, 177.
Hocking Boat— xxix. Porter, 144.
Rocking Chairs— xxvi. Cunning, 16Aa.
Rocking Horses— xxix. Dear. 138.
KoujSD Iron Plates (uxed in Marina Knglaas, ftc^T,
Derwnnt Iron Company, 647.
RoLLXR Blinds— See Window Blinds.
HoLLER-MiLL— IX. Staiilev I.
Rollers (for l.and). See Clod Crushers. Garden Rollers.
RoLUNG-MACRiNES See Iron-rolling Machines,
Roman Cement— Sm Cement, Roman, (re
Roman Missals— Ae/ytum, Humcq, 289. Wwmael La-
gro% 282.
Rood Screens— xxvi. Ringham, 42.
Roofing (for Housea, &«.■.)— v. Tannsut, 964. vii.
McClKllamI, 116. Newnham, 170. Willat, II.
Canada, Hall, 18. See also Glass Tiles. Iron Roqfing,
Slates/or Roofs. Tiles for Roi^fing. Timber Ho^.
Roots of Agricultural Plants — iii. M'Arthur, 111.
Ropes, Cordage, ftc— i. Huggie, Bnithers, 300. iv.
I'reiit, 41. VIII. Robertson, 18. xiv. Gordon O. ft
A. 83. Goiirock Ropa-wotk Company, 72. HhII &
Co., 61. Hawke, 94. Hollowuy, 74. Huddarl, Sir
J. ft Co., 68. Morrison ft Hurn, 49. Smith, 69.
S<ip«r,64. Spyvre ft Coopers, 63. Tull,69. xxviii.
Woodhead, 191.
Bahamas, Baines ft Co.
^rt'd'sA Ouiana, Stiitehhury, 70, 126, 127.
Canada, Dixon, 170. Henderson, 168. Henderson, H.,
291. Ceylon.
Ihypt, 298, 299, 394-396, 362.
France, Bernard, lUchoux, ft Genest, 61. Joly, 891.
Leclerc, Brothers, 676. Leduc, 1649. Louit-Blais,
Sun, Letellier, ft Co., 319. India, iv. xiv.
AirtAerZam/s, Deefliiigh ft Co., 37. Cats, 94. Hoogen,
26. Lafubre, 38.
New S'Uth Wales, Mitchell, 5.
Russia, Cuialeit, 223. £^ain, 197. Martinet, 196.
Switzerland, Beugger, 113. Braendling, Brothers, 119.
TVinidad, Lord Harris. Turkey.
Tuscany, FerriKini, 100. United States, Brans, 474.
Van Dtemen's Land, Rout, 194-198.
Western Africa, M'William. Trotter, 6.
ZoUverein (I), Felten ft Guilleaiime, 380. See also
Bell- Ropes. String and TV-ine. Wire Rope.
Rope (lor Paper-making)— xvii. Lamb, 147.
Rope-making Machine— vi. Crawhall, 78.
RoPB-MANCEirvRiNG APPARATUS (for Ships) — France,
Barhotiu & Legoff, 1083.
Roses, Confection of— ii. Tustian, 97.
Roses, Otto of— &« Otto of Roses.
Rose Engine Lathe— //iamftun/A, Kohn, 17.
Rose Knoine and Tracing Machine— vi. Mordan ft
Co., 205.
Rosin- See i7esin.
KoTATORT Machinery (Machine for giving motion to) —
IX. NichulU,20.
Roving Frames— vi. Higgins & Sons, 14. Mason, 10.
Parr ft Co., 6. See also Drawing, Roving, ffc.
Frames.
Roving and Spinning Ironstone Pobcrlain Guides—
VI. WatkinSjW. &T.,66.
DESCRIBKD IN THE CATALOUUE.
xeiil
i. Hendcraon, H,,
iving motion to) —
CELAiN Guides—
RowutOBi (BoaU')— VIII. U«*di>n. 00.
KoTAL Kjicmamob (Mo.I«U)— XXX. (Kin* Art Cuuit)
Hmilh, IA7. Tlu, IH2.
RvDDXR FAtTiHiNoi -VIII. YuuitK ft Co., 63.
KtiDUiiM (Hhl|N')- VI n r«rp«iii«r, 104. iUH, 14*.
XXII. Hain|Ml»n, Iil2. I'lrtHgal, Ilioalhu, 1201. .Vm
•Uu Sertw-proptlliag Hudihr. Slttring'WkmU and
Apparatm. Tilleri, fihipt',
Rvoa-xvi. B«viii|)iHi A M<irri«,332. R>mi, 3M, Inc«,
809. Lutg* i Co., J'JH XIX. B«avit, PV Bot-
tom, I0«. Hrinluiv 110. liiiriiin, 117. Cut, 'iiO,
CroMlty h Soiii, 14:2 Kiiitue-. R & J., 160. Vut-
luot, 118. Hiirriii, I '2 Hill, aU3. Jackioii k Ora-
Um, 390(Ni)rili TrMiMji;. I.ttW>iun, 32A. I'anli>« &
C>.. aai. Fi«kthurn«, 373. HhariiUti, 394. Simcux.
303. TvinpWieii k 0>., M-i. xxvi. Jnekton k
Gnliam, MX. xxviii. Can1«y. 103.
Auttria, Kamnar, 100. Mainohuku, 201 . Manrvr, 2U0.
JWiia, Abb»t. rorl»iaal, Dniifrlaii k Co., 809-004,
Suttia, Mahma«-««li-(>||li, 343. T\irk»y.
Zollmrtin M), DinKlinMr, 173. Sm alio Carriag*
Kugt. Umtrth afdotkv R»gi,
RiTLEa, MBAiUHBa.&e — X. Rvat, 830. Rlllott k Sum, 320.
Trtia k Co., 331. xvii. 8ehl«iin(«r k Co^ 38.
Atutria, B«>|{tt«ig«r, 680. Buelib«rnar, 090, Tubar, 60 1 .
Ey^pt. 144.
RuUMO-MACiiiNM— Sm Paptr-ruUiig Machinu.
Rum— ^yiX, 380.
UvmtMT aiMOH'a Diamomo — xxiii. U«r Mi^ctty tba
QuavD, 14U (MhIii Avvnue, Katt).
Etnu—Portugol, 938, 637.
RuaaiA, Knpbiioh or (Eauaatrian Statui, Bronia)—
ZuUvtrtU (1), Blaaaar, 310.
RoiaiAN Duck— Sm Ziaaa Fabrict.
Ru8T- PBEVBNXivB CoMPOiiTioN— XXII. Jonaa k Co.,
136, 801.
Rutland, Dukb or, Slalua uf.— Davii, paga 848.
Rtb Floub— i^Mfftn, Davidofr, 332.
Rtb RRAaa-xiv. Nicul k Co., 87.
Sabior — Spain, Semiwra, 41.
SACcuARONGTEBa— iiuitrta, Brandats, 133.
Sacrb and Sackino— XIV. Baala Browi). T., 77. Dun-
dee liocal Cummittre, 63. Garland, 84. Grimaliawe
& Witkinton, d2. Munriaon ft Horn, 49. Nioul ft
Co. 87. Ramwv & Co. 83. Cra/oa.
Wettem 4fnea, baadiam, 12. Trottar, 6. Sm alio
Bed Sacking.
Sack-Holder— IX. Cooch, 03.
Sacred Harmonic Bociett. Kxeteb Hall <Mo(U1 of the
Orcheatra)— VII. Sacred Harmoiiio Society, 38 (Main
Avenue, VVeit).
Saddlery and Harnesb — v. Duflield k Co. 8-14.
Holmes & Co. 872. ix. Key and Mitchell, 337. Xll.
ft XV. Gaudy, 246. xvi. A«fur«t, W. ft O. 64. Ban-
ton, C. 56. Bell, 93. Blackwell,S.&R.78. Blower*,
272. Blythe,90. Bower, 3'.i0. B<>wmar,87. Brace, 58.
Brown & Soil, 65. Bywater, 94. Caidor, 77. Caiiavan,
101. Charge, 277. Clark, 75. Clarkiun, 102. Culegravr,
97. Coleman, 68. Cooper, 50. Cuwan, 273. Cox, S.
55. Cox, T. 275. CuflT, 96. l)ax, 278. Ducie,
Karl. 267. Eariiihaw, 107. Garnet*, 69. Green, 85.
Hawkini, 38. Hickt, 61. Iludion, 60. Hughet, 106.
Kirkby, 111. Lan|{dun, 89. Lennan, 61. Mackie
&Son, 104. Maiben, 46. Marlow, 34. Midille-
more, 67. Moriarty, 95. Mntaalwbite, 71. Oakley,
270. Paiimore, 79. Pearl, 100. Peel, 66. Penny,
91. Pim59. Pollock, 279. Ramsey, 74. Rutland,
99. Saunders, 271. Shipley, 82. Skinner, 83. Stoker,
103. Swaine & Adeney, 92. Taylor, 269. Thomas,
76. Tisdale, 88. Vick, 70. Weir, 72. White, 86.
Wilson & Son, 98. xxii. Duguaid, W. & H. 350.
Flather, 167. Hale, 563. Marples, 218. Ward &
Payne, 196.
Algeria, Bonlanger, 10. Si-El- Bey Be<i-Bou-Rai, 50
Auttria, Gellinek, 338. Luffler, 339. Weinberger. 2S0.
Zapf,340.
Belgium, Giliay, 379. Ladoubee, 256. Lambert, 373.
Van Moll% 255. Vaiutiaelen, 269. Brazil, Mor-
iiay, 3.
Cana^ Ball, 101. Holwall, 101. MeGlllan ft Sulli-
van, 103. Moirla,ll9. Slawwrt, 333a. Blawatt, W.
134.
Egipt, 227-331, 251, 367, 868, 970, 87^ 373.
JVcMM, RenciaA. 21. LUgwrd, I6AI. Fraa ft LbbUb,
688. Sarrae, 1471.
Hamburgh. Calian, 34. Krugtr, 30. Mia. xvi.
Jrraey oaif Outrtuef, La Belr, 36. ScMfe, 17.
Setkerlatidi, LalWber, 5X
Portugal, Virialradis 1 131. Emt, Bianahlnl, II.
^Miaia, Aiadian, 251. Arutin, 252. Babounoflr, 344.
Caaslm-Ouatain-Cooli^li, 240. Oada, 260. Gaofi.
bartavomuir, 287. IIasaanOuala-Nanali.O|li, 233.
Iraa-Couli-Hailji-Cagtamau-Uili, 234. Jukoleir, Bro-
thers, 344. Pent, 388. Ra|ibi-Nuba-0|li, 235.
Rffu«twm, 356. SmiM, Baaehas, 258a.
rimu. 36. 42, 43, 63, 03. TVrAsy.
TuieaH^, Cern, 101.
United Statet, Adams, 476. Baker, 408. Jannlng* ft
Claghorn, 276. Ucay ft PlillliiM, 41. Lloyd, 78.
Milaa, V66, 444. Searla, 488. Troliiiaii, 2U7.
Van Ihemtn'i Land, Wisaman, 133.
WtHlern /\frica, Uruwn, 3.
2u//v<r«iM (I), Lan<e, 789. Mueller, 301. Relnacka^
394. (3), Grh-ss. 43. (3), Haussman, 173b. Pappa<
rila, 173. See tAt" CurriCombe,
Saddlk Hugs, Linen— xi v. Tea ft Son, 37.
SADDLKRa' IrONMONOERV— XXII. Low*, i. ft H., 346.
BarE* (Wroughl-lrnn)— XXII. Longfleld, 303.
Netherlandt, Pilger, 32a. See also Fire-proof &{/>*.
Strong Boxea ami Sqftt.
Sapbtt Bolt— france. Boarlngar ft Co., 770.
HarBTT Boxsa (I'ur collecting money)— XXIX. Fiihar, 508.
{UrBTT Cot— VII. Williams, 128.
SArBTT DooRa— XXII. Ridley ft Kdser, 621.
BArBTT PocKKTi— XX. Grosjean, 60. Hurley, 73.
Sapety Lampb — See Lamtu (Sq/'etg or Vavjf),
BArrLOWER— IV. Long ft HaynoTds, 73.
Ruuia, Kvaviloff, SO.
SarrLOWER Carmine— 2o/{Mreia (I), Krimmelbain ft
BraUt, 457.
BArri^wER KxTBACT— 2bl{v<r«in (1), Jbeger, 469.
SArrRON— II. Bpurgin, 38.
Alqeria, De Lutsuw, 34. Montiguy, 38.
China. Eg^pt, 100.
France, Chailloux, Lepaga, ft Poohon, 1338.
Ruitia, Ayvaioff, 91. Spain, 92. Cabello, 139.
7^nia, 14.
Saoo- III. St. Etienna, 139. Ceylon. India, in.
Eautern Archipelago, Hammonil ft Co., 2.
Sailcloth- IV. Donlan, 43. xiv. Biemnar, 74a. DtBnn
ft Lunifslalf, 73. Duncan ft Co.. 80. Oourock Rope-
work Company, 73. Harlord, 71. Huddart, Sir J. ft
Co. iiS. M'Leownan ft Co. 06. Moure, 67. Poole,
J. ft C. 46. Renny&Cu.,8l. Row, 43. 8almond,83.
Auetria, BuUchek & Grafl', 281. Chiachic, 282.
Belgium, Ameye-Berte, 209. Bosteela-Geerinck, 238.
Haagens. 228. Van Overluop, 236. Wilford. 21 1.
^yp' '«^250.
Jrat , Liundernau Linen Joint-Stock Company, 1019.
Aik o, Dickson & Co., 320. Hanover, Hansen, 5.
Malta, Bonavia, 2,
Rjiuia, Belibin, 217. Bistron, 215. Bruaghin, 216.
Zotufi; Brothers, 218.
Spain, Cartagena Itoyal Arsenal, 191. Castell^ 190.
Kscudero and Azara, 192.
Zollverein (I), Kitker, 553. See also Canvat.
Sails for Ships (Mutlels, &c.)— viii. Addison ft Co., 192.
Geordesuii, 42. Trail, 191.
Sails for open Boats, Treatise on— viii. Orr, 73.
Sail-Hooks- XXII. Buuliun & Son, 330.
St. Michael and the Dragon (CoIusmI Group in
Plaster) — France, Du Seigneur, 187 /Main Avenue.
Eaat).
Sal-Ammoniac— II. Hills, 23.
Zollverein (1), Pauli^ 3.'8. (6), Oehler, 8.
Sale Ornaments — China, Reeves.
Saline Ashes— £ri(uiA Guiana, De Patron, 29a.
Saline Products— i-rajice. Prat & Agard, 168;i.
Salinometer— X. Mudie, 683a.
XOIV
ALPHABETICAL AND CLASSIFIED LIST OP ARTICLES
Salt— I. Hill, 58. Longmaid, 441. n. Bell, 116.
Cbeihire, 30. in. Noak, W. & J. 1 18.
Algeria, Bedel, 0.
Auttria, Galliciu Imperial Salt Worka, 17. India, i.
Portugal, Currea De Samora, 43, 44-48. St. Ube'i Salt
Works, 45.
JRuma, Bamavulik Imnerial Worka, 4.
St.Helena, Agricultural Society of St. Helena.
Spain, Aiiana Salt Works, So. Maisterra, 43.
Tiinu, 165. Tttscany, Vnlterra Suit Manuractory, 2.
Van Diemen's Land, Struliaii, 1 7.
Zollverein (1), Arteru Koytl Salt Worka, 681. Duerren-
l«rg Royal Saltery, 856. Prussian Chemical Manu-
factory, 683. Prussian Salt Works, 445. Schoenebeck
Royal Salt Works, 834. (6), Salsliausen Salt & Lignite
Works, 3. TheoUorslialle Salt Works, 5.
Salt, Chemical Preparations of — Zollverein (1),
Prussian Chemical Muimractory, 683.
Salt Water Distillation — France, I.eroux-Mainguet,
447. See also Sea-Water Regenerators.
Saltpetre— II. Richardson, Brothers, & Co. 19.
Jigypt, 13. India, i. & ii. Tunis, 46. Turkey.
Sandals — Western Africa, Jamiuson, 22.
Sands for Castings— i. ColUnson, 75. Moore, 408.
Wonsdesforde, 111. Wilson, Sir T. M., 49.
Sands for Glass-making— i. 127a. Claxton, 73. Lee,
125. Morrison, 77. Phippard, 113. Smedlev, 124.
Squire, J. & W. 74.
United States, Gray & Co., 405.
Sands (Various)— I. Fahie, 30. Falmouth ocPenryn Local
Committee, 88, 163. Howard, 29. Long, 78. Nichol-
son, S04a. Relf, 70. Rock, 50. Rouse & Whitley, 79.
Sweetmon, 40. Whittaker, 53. ii. Austin, 114.
BritishGuiana, Bee, 5. Duggin, 3 & 4. Pollard, 1 & 2.
Trinidad, Lord Harris, 23,
Sandstone— I. Bewick, 423. Freeman, 172. Jennings,
194. Sparks, 154. WMsh (Executors oQ, 183. Taylor,
201. Canada, Bo--'.!oin & Lebere, 15. Ferrier, 5.
Fxigan 1. New Zealand, 39.
Trinidad, Lord Harris, 16, 21, 22.
Zollverein (I), Koenig, 323.
Sandstone Carving- xxx. (Fine Art Court) Muntefiore,
SirM.B., 161.
Sardines — Algeria, Verrier. 57.
France, Caillo & Prin, 100. Camus, 789.
Sarsaparilla and its Preparations- II. Bell, 116.
Hattersley, 110. Keating, 102.
Portugal, 516.
Spain, Academy of Medicine & Surgery, 128a, Alvarez,
118. TViniWatf, Lord Harris.
United States, Andrews, 540, Howe, 497.
Sarsenet— XIII. Clark, 20. Sardinia, Annecy & Pont, 34.
Sashes and Sash-Frames— See Windows, ^c.
Sash-Fasteners— See Window Fastenings.
Sash-Lines- XIV. Wall, K. & T., 70. xxii. Kuper, 32.
XXVI. Austin, 391.
Sash and Roof Bar-cutting Machines— v. Coalhrook
Dale Company, 641. vi. Birch, 4(IG,
Satins-xiii, Campbell & Co., 31. Carter & Co., 30. Ro-
binson, J.& R. & Co., 5. Robinson, .1. & \V, & Co. 24,
Austria, Blalia & Rosenlierger,2Sl. Mayer, Brothers, 266.
lielgium,!)' H.i)ut,206. CAtna, Baring, Brothers. Lindsay.
/Vance, Bacot & Son, 1062. Barrallon & Brossard, 10.
Bonnet & Co., 1097. Bouchard, 1103. Gindre, 1247.
Meckel & Co., 870. Joly, 692. Kunxer, 883. Pin-
Bayard, 682. Iiandoin^^ 973.
PortHjaZ, Barbnza, 959. Carmiers, 926. Joirge, 928-932.
Pimentel, 927. Russia, Zalagliin, 209.
Sardinia, Chichizola & Co., 39. Molinarl, 43.
Switzerland, Bisch.iff, 157. Turkey.
Zollverein (I), Hermes & Wolli'ers, 520. Jacobs &
Bering, 524. Kaibe!, 525. Krauhaus & Kaiiertz, 527.
Kup(er&Steinhau8er,528. Peltzer, 518. Schildknecht,
131. (3), Behr & Schubert, 50. Kaufmann &Co., 1 14.
Shroeer, 120. ZschilleA Co. 119. See aho Silk Fabrics.
Satin-de-laine— ^eZt/fiini, Pireniie & Duesbcrg, 199.
Piron, 200.
Zollverein ( I ), Siegfried & WuldthcuHeii, 8G2.
Satinette— XIII. Le Mare & Sous, 21.
Canada, M'Kay & Co. 144.
Satinwood — See Woods.
Sauces- XXVI. Blott, 18. xxix. Cocks, E., 286. Cocks
&Co.,3l7. EasterlinK, 282. Harvey, 169. Nicholls,
164. Payne, 29. See also Pickles and Preserves.
Sausage CuoppERij — vi. Perry, 501.
Sawing (S|)ecimens uf)— xxviii. Sandy & Powell, 112.
Tunibull, 98.
Sawing-Bench (Models, &c.) — vi. Barker, 417.
Sawinc-machines— VI. Barker, 417. Prosser 86 Hadley,
456.
United States, Tuckerman, 117. Wright, 77.
Saw-milw Machinery— f/«t7erf States, Hotchkiss, 94.
SAW8(Variou»)— XXI. Buck, 18. Hill, 47. Wealherly, 1.
XXII. Atkiii & Son, 365. Carr & Riley, 108. Cocker
& Son, 115. Hall, 172. Ibbotson, K.,2U9. Ibbotson
& Co. 191. Peace, 233. Slack & Co, 208. Spear &
Jackson, 113. Tasker, 205. Taylor, Brothers, 21 1 .
Turner Ss Co. 117.
Austria, Brunner, 574. Hamburgh, Hunten, 44. India, i.
Zollverein (1), Bleckmann, 6..'3.' Brand, 620. Felde, 625.
Post, 615. Schon, 402. Ullrich, 403.
Saws, Machine for setting the Teeth of — vi.
Vaughan, 242.
Saxe Codourg Gotha ; Tableau representing F6te held at
Castle Florence— ifoWuerein (1), 804.
Scaffolding for Building Purposes (Model of)— vii.
Nicholson, 40.
ScAGLlOLA — See Marble, Artificial.
ScAGLioLA (Works in) — xxvii. Dolan, 45. Tuscany,
Romoli, 118,119.
Scales and Weights — See Weights and Measures.
Scarfs — See Shawls.
Scarifiers (lor Agricultural Purposes)- ix. Beart, 34.
Carson, 110. Coleman, 216. Hill & 0>., 140. Han-
lomes & May, 124. Smith & Son, 234. Thompson,
105. Wedlake & Co., 127.
Scent-Bottles— VIII. King, 281.
Scent Fountains— xxix. Riminel, 3.
Austria, Farina, 7-18.
Scented Waters — Tunis, 53-57. See also Perfumes and
Perfumery.
Schools, Modeij9 for the Use of — xvii. National So-
ciety for the Education of the Poor, 211. xxix. Coh-
per, 245.
School Desks — United States, Slmttuck, 412.
School Stationery — xvii. Hey wood, 83, Shean, 177.
Tait, 185. XXIX. Dultoii & Co., 287.
New South Wales, Mitchell, 5. See also Instruction
Tables.
Scientific Instruments — France, Froment, 1609.
Zollverein (1), Liittig, 81. See also Chemicaland Philo-
sophical Apparatus. Mathematical Instruments. Phi-
losophical Instruments.
Scissors— XXI. Beach, 48. xxii. Cousins & Sons, 165.
Gibbins & Sons, 194. Higginbotham, G. & W.,
188. Newbold & Owen, 133. Unwin, 178. White-
ley, 126, Wilkinson, T. & G., 175.
Austria, Kaltenmark, 520. Mitter, 530. Rosier, 552.
Stierl, 558. Nova Scotia, Archibald, 2.
Portugal, Da Silva Cerqueira, 634. Tunis, 137.
Turkey. United States, Heinizcli, 168. *
Zollverein (I), Berg, Brothers, 873. Bleckmann, 62.1.
Gerresheim & Neef, 872. Plumncher, 618. Post &
Soiis,6l6. Woe8le&Co.,654. See aUn Cutlery, f^hears,
Scotch Articles, in wood (painted, &c.) — xxviii,
M'Rae & Co. 106. XXIX. Smith, W. & A., 205, 280.
Scott's, Sir Walter, Monument, Edinburgh (Model)
—X. Evans, 106.
ScouRiNC-PowDERS— IV. Classon, 22. See also Bleach-
ing-Poicders.
Scrap-books— xvii. Cross, 68. Rock ^ Co., 108.
Scraper (Shoe)— xxii. Averne, 303.
Screens (of various kinds) —xix. Greene, 180. Stirling,
86. XXVI. Arthur, 303. Bifield, 534. Gore, 144.
Hall, 63. Innes, E. & S., 91. Rose, 28. Sewell,
340. Turley, 138, xxx. (Fine Art Court) Earle, 49.
China, Copland. Hewett & Co. Sichart & Co. Twi-
ning. Hamburgh, Albrecbt, 89.
Switzerland, Hallmeyer-Appcnzeller, 246. ^.
SCREENING-M.VCHINE— IX. Smith, 4a.
DESCRIBED IN THE CATALOGUE.
xcv
Y & Powell, 112.
also Perfumei and
also Instruction
Screw and Bed Wbenches— iSm Wrenches.
Screw Friction Clutch— v. Aahby, 202.
Screw Jack Loading-machine— irance, Mara, 919.
Screw Liftino-Jacks— v. CoHinge & Co., 482. VI.
Williams, 234. See alio Lijliny Jacks,
Screw Moorings— v. WIUhh & Co., 526.
Screws, Perforated Fi.exible (For banging Pictures)
—XXVI. Barker, 147.
Screw Propellers (Mod-^li, &c.) — v. Hodgion, 143.
Keailey, 140. Maudilay, Sons, & Field, 38. Powell,
2. Smith, 3. vill. Admiralty, 145. Carpenter,
194 IngleHeld, 9U.
Neto <uth Wales, Mitchell, 5. See also Ship Pro-
pellt. i.
Screw Propelling Rudder— viii. Lyons, 86.
Screws and Nuts— vi. Scliiele, 402. xxii. Hall, 17-2.
Hawkim, 3 1 8. Henii & Bradley, 3 1 6. Patent Pointed
Screw Company, 649. Russia, Zeitler, 343.
Zollverein (1), Altenloh, Brinks, & Co., 642. Mannes-
mann, 617. Ullenberg & Scbintzler, 355. (V), Kecb-
steiner, 28.
Screw Steam-vessels (Models, &c.) — vin. Buckland,
308. Campbell, 147. Mason, 81. Rankiiie, 351.
Screw Stocks, Taps, &c — vi. Muir, 206. Wbitworth
& Co., 201.
Screw Winch (for Ships' Rigging, &c.) — viii. Chapman,
121.
Screwino-machines- VI. Glasgow, 219. Whitworth &
Co., 201,
Sculpture — Adams, page 847. Bailey, page 847. Behnes,
ntge 617. Bruccinni, page 847. Davis, page 848.
Earle, ])age 848. Eldon, Earl ol', page 848. Elking-
tun & (Jo., page 848. Engel, page 848. Foley, page
848. Hancock, page 849. IZollins, page 849. Legrew,
Sage 851. Lough, page 850. McCarthy, page 851.
[ui-dowell, page 850. Marshall, page 850. Miller,
page 850. Milnes, page 850. Peyman, page 850.
Physic, page, 850. Stephens, page 853. Thomas, page
853. Walton, page 853. VVeekes, page 853. Woud-
ington, page 853. Wyatt, page 854.
I. Gowans, 132.
XXVI. Minter & Co., 155.
xxvii. Plows, 34.
XXX. (Fine Art, Court) Abbott, 53. Barker, 131.
Batsford, 262. 'Beauclerc, 156. Bumard,302. Cox,
283, Davis, 65. Evans. 202. Franchi, 190. Gar-
die, 261. Kaulbach, 316. Norchi, 309. Pa])era,
17. Pidgley, 225. Watkins, 187. Worrall, 196.
Wright, 203.
XXX. (Sculpture Court) 28, 55, 85. Adams, 37, 62.
Beauclerc, 51, 63. Behnes, 54, 77. Bell, 24, 71, 72.
Brown, 1. Campbell, 23. Carew, 9, 10, 1 1, 53. Du-
rant, 5,78. Durham, 75,76. Earle, 16, 21, 82. Farrell,
J., 53. Farrell, T. 18. Foley, 4, 19,70. Francis, 33.
Franks, 60. Hogan, 14. Jennings, 81. Jennings, B., 6.
Jones, 40,45, 84. Kirk, 2. Legrew, 8. McDonnell, 30.
McDowell,Gl. Manning, 57. Marshall, 15. Miller, 50.
Miller, F. M., 17. Munro, 41. Nelson, 35. Pap-
worfh, 27. Physick, 47, 69. Ritchie, 29. Sharpe,
20, 20. Smith, 44, 83. Stephens, 36. Taylor, 42.
Theed, 13, 59, 79. Thomas, J., 12. Thomas, J. K., 7.
Thrupp, 56, 58. Thruppe, E., 39. Wyon, 86. Yar-
borough. Earl of, 80.
Austria, Cacciatorl, 706. Cesari, 731. Cocclii, 707.
Crofl; 708. Dal Negro, 719. Emanuel i, 709. Frac-
caroli, 710 (Main Avenue, East). Galli,7n. Gandolfi,
712 (Main Avenue, East). Kaehszmann, 704. Magni,
714. Manfrediiii, 71.'i. Marches!, 716. Max, 705.
Micotfi, 717. Monti, 746 (Main Avenue, East).
Motelli, 718, 728. Pierotti, 720 (Main Avenue,
East). Puttinali, 721. Sangiorgio, 722. Soma-fni,
723. Strazza, 71.1.
Belgium, De Cuyjier, 455 (Main Avenue, East). Fraikin,
405 (Main Avenue, East). Geefs, 466, 466a (Main
Avenue, East). Jacquet, 463 (Main Avenue, East).
Jehotte, 463 (Main Avenue, East). Marchand, 4G0.
Simonis, 464 (Main Aveinie, East). Tuerlinkx, 456
(Main Avenue, Kast). Van Linden, 512.
Denmark, Bissen, 38 (Main Avenue, East). Jerichau, 39
(Main Avenue, East).
jPranc«,Dagand, 811. De Bay, 45 (Main Avenue, East).
Du Seigneur, 187 (Main Avenue, East). Etex, 1215
(Main Avenue, East). Famin, 833. Farochon, 834.
Ljche-Leraaire, 586 (Main Avenue, East). Lequesne,
(Main Avenue, East). Michel, 1660. Pradier, 1407.
Ramus, 1419. Seguin, 1693. Susse, Brotherly 1023.
Hamburgh, Kleft, 94. Schiller, 95.
Netherlands, Versnel, 105.
Borne, Cassin, 32b. (Groups by Benzoni) Leyland, 16
(Main Avenue, East). Gott, 28. Macdonald, 18.
Kinaldi, 29 (Main Avenue, East).
Sardinia, Frumentn, 92. Spain, Bicnaime, 293.
Sweden and Norway, Hillniann, 31.
Tuscany, Dupre, 105. Freccio, 110. Giovannini, 97.
Nencini, 108. Villa, 107.
United States, Grant, 522. Powen, 522, 548 (Main
Avenue, East). Remers, 254. Stephenson, P., 467
(Main Avenue, East). Stephenson, R., 548 (Main
Avenue, East).
Zollverein (1), Uianconi, 295. Bonee, 222. Cauer, 431
(Main Avenue, East). Dietrich, 297. Drake, 273
(Main Avenue, East). Egloffsteln, Count, 897. Kulide,
285. Wessely, 849. Wolff, 307. (2), Helbig, 87.
Leeb, 89. Miller, 90. (3), Rietschel, 185. (4), Von
Hofer, 105 (Main Avenue, East). Wagner, 108. (5),
Kresii; 32. Vnnni, 31. See also Alto- Relievos,
Bas-Reliefs. Bromes. Plaster Casts,
Sculpture Engraving (Specimens) — xxx. (Fine Art
Court) Chahot, 239.
Sculpture by Mechanical Processes— xxvih. .Shaw,
164. France, Barbadienne &Co., 1709.
Scuttles (Sbi)»')— vii. Hurwood, 31. vni. Gregory, 69.
Hiipwood & Co., 68. XXIV. Lockhead, 23.
Scythes— IX. Fussel &; Co., 197a. Boy<l, 199. xxr.
Tumlin&Co.,38. xxil. Eyre & Co., 203. Garfltt
& Son, 219. Hutton & Newton, 215. Keep & Wulkin,
76. Slagg, 158. Stanifortb, 214. Waldroo & Sons,
185. Wood, Brothers, 73.
Austria, Dietrich, Baron, 439. Gatt, 440. Graber, 441.
Grauss, 442. Hierzenberger, 443. Ofiiier, Brothers,
444. Pammer, 445. Penz.,J., 440. Penz, T., 447.
Weinmeister, G., 448. Weinmeislcr, J.. 449. Zeit-
linger, J., 450. Zeitlinger, J. A., 451. Zimmer-
man, 452. France, Talabot & Co., 1027.
Russia, Imperial Artinsk Works, 167.
United States, Hitchcock, 376. North Wayne Scythe
Company, 323.
Zollverein, Post, 615. (4) Haueisen &Snn, 58.
Scythes, Iron and Steel welded for- xxii. Hutton,
166.
Scythe-Stones— IX. Seal, 262.
Sea Walls, Ap])aratus for building, in deep water (Model)
— VII. Bremner, 96.
Sea-Water Regenerator — v. Fell, 438. See also Salt-
Water Distillation.
Sea-Weed, with its Preparations— ii. Bullock &
Co., 37. Watt, 32. xvil. Ackerman & Co., 1.
Sealing-wax — iv. Morrell, 58. Rea, 116. xvii.
Couke & Sons, 73. Hyde & Co., 21. Waterston, 93.
Belgium, Zegelaer, 280. India, xvii.
Portugal, hassa, \16\, Zollverein (2), KiAxn, 49.
Sea-Snails— CejZon.
Seals and Dies— xxii. Biddle, 297. xxx. (Fine Art
Court) Kitchener, 289. Rundell, 279. India, x\ix.
Seals, Ijifressions from — xxx. (Fine Art Court) Long-
man, 288. Wyon, 287.
Seed Dibbling and Sowing Machines— ix. Dufour &
Co., 124a. Eaton, 22. Guest, 3. Haywood, I4.
Hensmau & Co., 149. Holmes & Sons, 241. Hunter,
W. &J., 119. Johnson, 257a. Lampitt, 130. Mar-
shall, 35. Newberry, 57. Nicliolls, 20. Padwick, 215.
Ransomes & May, 124. Revis, 21a. Sherifl", 74. Watt,
63. West, 246. Windsor, 25.
Fi'ance, Crespel-Delisse, 465. See also Drill-Grubbers,
Drill Ploughs for Green Crops. Drills,
Seed Presses — See Grinding and Crushing Milh,
Seeds (Agricultural, Horticultural, and other)— 11. The
London Druggists, 117. in. Gibbs & Co., 104. 111-
ingworth, 113. McKillican, 1 14. Barbadocn.
British Guiana, Duggin, 54, 56, 57, 64, 119. Hughes,
xcvi
ALPHABETICAL AND CT.ASSIFIED LIST OP ARTICLES
74a, 74b. Maugel, 69, 121. Netsclier, 19. Shier,
55, 58, 67. 133. Stutchbury, 63, 65, 66.
Canada, Vither, i9. McOinu, 61. Jellrie*, 62. Shep-
herd, 63. Uhardeau, 60.
Eoypt, 51, 67, 72, 74, 76, 78, 81, 109, 110, 122, 123.
Malta, PuIm, 4. New Brunswick. Searle, 26.
Rutsia, Felkeraain, Buroii, 82. Mikittichell', 73. Tres-
coli; 74. Trinidad, Lnrcl Harrii. Tunit, 106, 110.
Turluy. United States, Bell, 103.
Zollverein (I), Vereiii, 790. (6), Appel, 15.
Seeds (Mode of preparing for sowing) — ix. Keene, 193,
Selby Railway Urioob (Model)— vii. Walker & Bur-
geM, 224 (Main Avenue, West).
Self-Calcuiatob— X. Sang, 338.
Self-inkino Press— VI, Ullmer, 121.
Self-motive Mechanism— /ranee, Bourdaloue, G7.
Senna — Eyypt, 25. India, ii.
Sepulchral Monuments — Main Avenue, West, Cundy,
60. XXVII. Uuker, 54. Brown, 52. See also Tornbs.
Seraphines- X. Snell, 528.
Seroe— XII. & XV. Cl.'..:.e, 432. Craven & Harrop, 153.
Fox, Brothers, & Co. 7. xiii. Brocklehurst & Sons,
38. Davidson & Co., 47.
Serpentcleides- X. Jordan, 523.
Serpentine Stone — Western End, South Eticlosure
(Outside), Organ, 1. Penzance Ser|ientine Company, 26.
Canada, Logan, I. Wilson, 2. France, Colui, 1564.
India,!. Por<u(/a/, Bonnet, 119.
Spain, Granada Mines, lnHi)ector of, 16, Malaga Mines,
Inspector of, 19. Turkey,
Serpentine Stone Articles— xxvii. Organ, 85.
Serving Maixiets— United States, Batty, 351.
Setons, Cotton for— x. Morton, ti78A.
Sevres China, Portraits of Her Majesty and H.R.H. Prince
Albert on. after Portraits by Winterhalter — Main
Avenue, East, 96, 07.
Sewage of London, Model fob Removing— v. Stotherf,
403a.
Sewage of Towns, Application of, to Agricultural Pur-
poses— VII. Martin, 25. Various inventions iu con-
nexion witli — VII. Legras, 93,
Sewer Traps— v. Jackson, 682. vii. Lowe & Co. 62.
Martin, 25. Pratt, 16. Wilson & Woodfiir 195. xxil.
Duley, 89. Tliompson, 705, See a,\ao l^ffluvia Traps.
Sewing Cotton— XI. Clark, 3'2. Evans & C»., 33, Hay-
thorn, 25. Harris, 29. Marsland & Co. 63. Raworth
& Co. 30. XXIX. Danharn, 228.
Sewing-machines— VI. Barlow, 41. Judkins, 52. Ma-
ther, 16. France, Magiiin, 1654.
United States, Bacon, 465. Blodget, 551. Morey, 573.
■See aUo Hemming Machines.
Sewing and other Thread— xiv. Bri<l|)ort Local Com-
mittee, 73. Finlavson & Co., 48. Harris & Sons, 76,
Holdsworth & Co.,' 53. Titley & Co., 51.
Austria, Hiellen, Sons of the late Elius, 275. Tauber,
276.
Belgium, Berthelot & Boute, 2 1 C . Catleaux, Brothers, 244.
Cooreman, 212. Cumont, 235. Debrubaudere, 218.
Demeuleuacre, 223. Kliaert, 234. Ghent Liniere
Company, 230. Idlers, 287. Pyn & Van Pelt, 210.
Snhep|)er8, 497.
France, Cherot & Co., 88. Dautrtmer& Co., 137. De-
lage-Montigna:, 141, Fauquet I^maitre, 2UI, Frinc
& Sun, and Martetin, 12)3, Langevin & Co., 8'.i8.
Legrand, 1313, Pesel & Menuet, 678. Polliart &
Carpentier, G86. Roger, Brothers, & Co., 1449.
Schwartz, Trapp, & Co., 1004. Scrive, Brothers, 1007,
Vcrstraete, Brothers, 723. Malta, Piilis, 4.
Oldenburg, Sharnhorst, 3.
Portu^ra;, M67. Da Cjsia Romfto, 1168. De Ficalho,
Murquiit, 535. Lisbon M^eaving Company, 725, 720.
Loureiro, 716-720.
Spain, Alcala & Son, 213. Ferrer & Co., 206. Martinez,
156. Monfort, 2U8.
Sweden and Norway, 22. Johnsdotter, 33.
Switzerland, Knnz, 128, Miescher & Co,, 167.
Tunis, 87. Turkey. Western y\frica. Trotter, 5,
Zollverein (!), Felten & Guilleuume, 3i50. Mevissen,
557. (3), Muttoch, 43. Trinius & Sons 45.
Sextants, (juadrants, &c.— viii, Soulby, 110, x. Bar-
rett, 349. Ciichton, 452. Dixey, 271. Heath, 351.
Somalvico & Co., 681a, Taylor, 350. Watkins &
Hill, 659.
Shade (Undescribed) — xxvi. Hopkins & Son, 154.
Shakspeare, Unfinished Statue of— Bell, page 847.
Bust ol, XXX. (Fine Art Court), Wilbred, 291,
Shakspeare's House (Model of)- xxx, (Fine Art Court)
Powell, 148.
Shakspeare Jubiise — xxx, (Fine Ait Court) Aldred,
236.
Shale (or Schist)— i. Biluminoui Shale Company, 221.
Cow per, 61, II. Spence, 7.
Shawl-Boxes — xxviii. Rousseau, 116.
Shawl Cloaks— xx. Holmes & Co., 84.
Shawl Dresses (Wool and Cotton) — xii. & xv, llainey,
Knock, & Co., 198.
Shawls (Various Fabrics)— Jackson, l.xii. and xv. Aber-
crombie & Yuill, 292. All>ert, H.R.H. Prince, fiOO
(Main Avenue, West). Archibald, J. & R., 461.
Archbald & Sons, 465. Barber & Co. 19. Baumann
Si Wunch, 206, Blakely, 285. Brunton & Co.
230. Brunton Sc Nesbit, 462, Burgeu, 289. Camp*
bell & Co. 201. Clabbnrn & Son, 284. Chirk &
Co. 293. Cross, 202. Dick & Sons, 295. Forbes
8i Hntuhison, 291. Fyfe & Co. 197. Gibson &
Co. 464. Holmes & Co., 280. Holms, Brothers,
288, Jackson & Banks, 278. Kay & Co. 186.
Keith 8e Co., 279, Kerr, 300. Kerr & Scott, 275.
Lawsou & Co., 294. Lewis & Allenby, 276, Littler,
282. Morgan & Co. 299. Norton, 126. Od>ly,
121. Puton, J. & D,, 466. Robertson, J. & J., 301,
Rowat, R. T. & J., 3U2. Roxburgh, J. & A., 296.
Sampson, 215. Schwann, 115. Smith & Sons, 235.
Swaisland, 28,3, Towler, Campin &Co, 286, Watson,
J. & A„ 477. Webber & Hairs, 277. Whifehill & Co.
287. Wilson, 138. Wingate, Son & Co. 2U0. xin.
Smith, 51. xvill. McNair & Brand, 50. Monteith
& Co., 49, 53. XIX. Ball & Co., 19. Patent Utrecht
Company, 265. Shuldam, 298. xx. Haywooil, 148.
Holmes « Co. 84. Macdougall, 83. Oddy, 121.
Algeria, Algiers, Delegate of, 58.
yltixtrta, Berger, 309. Bossi, 239, 3S6, Brotzmaun,3in.
Haydler, 311. Kubo & Son, 312, Laporta, 387,
Martinek, 313, Mogel, 314. Ramede, 300. Rein-
hold, 315, Riss, 316, Schindl, 318, Schmitt (Heirs
of) & Co. 238. Spanraft, 273. Wenzel, 319. Zjcisel
& Blumel, 320.
Belgium, Dietens, 288. Paquet, 335, Stocquart, Bro-
thers, 3U7. Cliina, Hewett & Co.
France, Aubry, Brothers, 1544. Berrus, Brotheis, 55.
Bertrand, Gayet & Dumontal, 1085. Bietry & Son,
356. Bonflls, Michel, Souvraz & Co. 1094. Cham-
bellan & Co. 1140. Chinard, 89. Chocqueel, F.,
1148. Chocqueel, L., 90. Damiron & Co. 1167.
Delamoriniere, Gonin & Michelet, 1583. Denei-
rouse, Glavy & Co, 1182, Duche, 1592, Fourquemin
& Godet, l(i04. Ganuen & Co. 1241, 1243, Gode-
froy, 12J2, Grillet & Co, 1259, Herbert & Son, 1621.
Lion, Brothers & Co. 1327. Pin-Bayard, 682. Re-
(wyre, 983. Reynier, Cousins, 353, 1435. Roche &
Dime, 990. Thevenet, Raffin & Roux, I5U0. Ttoc-
con, 1511, Zadig, 1535,
Greece, John, 58, Hamburgh, Windrauller, 29.
India, XII, XV.
Ionian Islands, FitzRoy, Lord C.,4. Seaton, Lord, 5,
Nova Scotia, Central Committee, 2.
Portugal, Crui,lo6. DaSilva, 9.55. Daupia9,866-8S1.
Lafaurie & Co., 814-839, Lisbon Company, 7U7-7I2.
Moreira, 956. Pereira, 713, 714.
Eussfi, Boiidarevsky, &e„ 3J8, A Cossack's Wife, 282.
Lafont, 270, 277, Merlin, A, & V„ 281, Prokhoroff,
Brothers, 349, Rochefort, 176, 191, 199, 208.
Switzerland, \\\iietfgg, ]l\. Baenziger, 112. Cuendet,
l.'iO. Mettler & Son, 197. Mueller, 160. Tanner &
Koller, 206, Tunis, 7, 9, 10, 80, Turkey.
United Slates, Lawrence, Stone, & Co, 464, Roy, 578.
Van Diemen's Land, Queen's Orphan Schools, 142.
Western Africa, Faddy, 20,
Zollverein (1), Bauch, F, T., 728. Baueli, J. F., 793.
Bockmuehl, 586, Culiu & Co. 137. Engelmann &
DESCRIBED IN THE CATALOGUE.
Xcvii
171. Heath, Sai.
ISO. Watkiiit &
Son, 154.
-Bell, page 847.
ibred, -^91.
(Fine Art Court)
t Court) Aldred,
) Company, 221.
. & XV. Uainey,
II. and XV. Aber-
l.H. Prince, 500
, J, & R., 461.
0. 19. Baumann
Brunton & Co.
ess, 289. Camp-
1,284. Cliirk &
)ii9, 295. Forbes
197. Gibson &
Holma, Brothers,
Cay & Co. 186.
err & Scutt, '275.
by, 276. Littler,
on, 126. Odily,
tson, J. &J., 301.
;h, J. & A., 296.
lith & Sons, 235.
Co. 286. Watson,
Whiteliill & Co.
i Co. 2U0. xin.
id, 50. Monteith
1. Patent Utrecht
:. Haywood, 148.
I. Oddy, 121.
Brotzmaun, 310.
Laporia, 387.
lede, 300. Rein-
Scbmitt (Heirs
|ize1, 319. Zjcisel
Stocquart, Bro-
tus, Brothers, 55.
Bietry & Son,
1094. Cham-
Chocqueel, F.,
ron & Co. 1167.
1583. Denei-
[92. Fourquemin
1, 1243. Gode-
[bert& Son, 1621.
ayard, 682. Re-
1435. Roche &
|ux, 15U0. Tioc-
iller, 29.
leaton, Lord, 5.
I)aupias,866-8«1.
Impany, 707-712.
Lack's Wife, 282.
jJSI. Prokhoroff,
J99, 208.
I, 1 12. Cuendet,
1 160. Tanner &
Wtrkey.
1»64. Roy, 578.
cliools, lil,
[wch, J. F., 793.
Engelmanii &
Sun, 571. Haarhaus, .567. Kein, 578. LuehdorlT &
Co. 584. Marx ftWeigert, 113. Meixel,396. Meyer
& Eiigelmann, 582. UpdeuholT & Hartung, 134.
Pluecker, 568. Rurmaim & Meckel, 580. Hchild-
knecht, 131. Simons, 514. Weigert & Co. 115.
(2), Gelihart. Brothers, 42. Steinhaeuser, 44. (3),
Facilides & Co. 05. Koesler & Uhlmanu, 70. Sey-
fnrth & Co. 106. StoeUel & Son, 66.
Shawls (Designs fur)— xviii. Hudson, 66.
France, Carnet, 105. Hartweck, 867. Herault, 872.
Mathieu, 13)1.
Shearing-machines — vi. Whitworth & Co. 201. ix.
Taylor, 139. Belgium, Troupiii, 128.
France, Schneider & Legraud, 1001.
Zollverein (1), Thomas, 57.
Shears (various)— xxi. Tomlin & Co. 38. xxn. Hunter,
228. Jowelt, 170. Linley, 211. Machon, 168.
Matkin, 210. Shearer, 127. Steer & Wcl»ter, 124.
Wilkinson & Son, 122. Wilkinson, T. & G., 175.
United States, Heinizch, 168.
Zollverein (1), Black mann, 623. See also Scissors.
Sheathinq Metal and Ships' Fastenings — vui.
Muntz, 101. XII. & XV. Wilkinsun, 51.
Sheep-Crib — ix. Katon, 22.
Sheep-dipping Apparatus— ix. Bijfg. 65. Rume, 152.
Sheep-washino Apparatus— IX. Fyfe, 41a.
Sheet Glass— xxiv. Hartley & Cj., 100. See also
Plate Glass.
Sheeting- See Linen Sheeting.
Sheets fob Cotton Cardisq— Switzerland, Scliellinir,
62. "
Sheffield Ware— See Plated Ware.
Shell Marl — Canada, Huston, 25. Oe Lrsderniers, 24.
Kelly, 22. Yeomens, 23.
Shells & Shell-work— J9aAo)iia«, Gregory, Governor.
Greig. Nicolls.
China, Thorns. France, Hostin, '265. India, xxviii.
Jerseu and Guernsey, Dobree, 30. Hutchinson, 31.
Valpy, 40. Eastern Archipelago, Hammond & Co. 2.
Mauritius, Balkfield & Co. 5.
Home, Deas, 49. Sardinia, Rondelli, 90.
Van Diemen's Zamf, Milligan, 194.
Shell Propeller— t/nited Stales, Treese, 169.
Shield, Presented by the King of Prussia to the Prince of
Wales— Main Avenue, East, H.R.H. Prince Albert,
98. Casts taken from the Shield, Zollverein ( 1 ), Krause,
278. ^ ^
Shipping, Models of— See Nautical Models.
Ship-Pkopellebs— VII. Brown, Sir S., 334. Corryton,
82. Kincaid, 89. ix. Slarkey, 43. See also Screw
Propellers.
Ships' Cabin Tables— viii. King, 19. Ladd, 80.
Austria, Reitch,639.
Ships' Cabin Window Apparatus- xxii. Gray, 518.
Ship's Deck, Section of — viii. Mason, 81.
Ships (Apparatus for preventing Sbiiis from Logging) — viii,
S|)enceley, 117.
Ships' Cabin Furniture— xxvi. Taylor & Son, 9.
Ships' Cargoes, Machine for Discharging— v. Ncvill.
4.50. '
Ship Fastenings- viii. Husband, 151.
Ships' Lanterns. See Lamps and Lanterns, ^c.
Ships' Pumps— See Pumps, Ships'.
Ship Screws— vii. Peile & Co., 77.
Ship-Scrubbers— VIII. Murray, 38.
Ship's Stove— xxii. Harvey, 4 JO.
Ship Sheathing, Felt— vii. Croggon & Co., 110.
Ship Trenails- v. Runsomes & May, 6.J0.
Ship XKSTJhATona—Lnited States, Kmerson, 433.
Ships' Yards— Jersey and Guernsey, Marquard, 42.
Shipwreck, Apparatus for Saving Life in Case of—
VII. B«in, 197. vui. Carte, '29. Greener, 59. Holtum,
20. Jermngham, 21. Mariners' Friend Society, 310.
Ollbrtl, 23. Oflord & Bradbeer, 26. Parsey, 88.
Jersey and Guernsey, Clievalier. 6. See also Life-Belts.
Life-Boats.
Shipv,:!ights' Tools— See Tools, Shipwrights'.
Shirtings— XI. Cross, 41. Hurrockses, Miller & Co., 60.
Pearson* Co., 21.
SmnTs- See Ready-made Linen.
Shoemakers' Awls and other Tools — xxii. Baker,
559. Timmins & Sons, 312.
Austria, Bachner, 56.'). Buchberger, 479. Derfler, 480.
DilUch,481. Grotsaver, A., 567. Grossaver, F., 568.
Kettenhuber, 483. Kulm, 484. Multerer, C, 486,
487. MoIterer,0.,488. Molterer, M., 490. Molterer.
v., 491. Northlian, 492.
Shoemakers' Trimmings, Sweden, Hand, 92.
SuoE-MAKiNO Machine — France, Dumerey, 487.
Shoe-Pegs — xxviii. Jones, 122.
United States, Bretts, 211. 'I'hay er, 422.
Shoes. See Boots and Shoes,
Shoe-Socks— xvi. Clark, C. & J. 48.
Shoe-Stuffs— 2b//t;emn (1), Kretschmann, 738. Macht,
730.
Shoe-Tips and Heels— .Austria, Mitterberger, 467.
Shop Blinds, Rotatory- xxvi. Lucas, 397. See also
Shutters, Iron Safety.
Shop Fittings — Austria, Batka, 029.
Shop Fronts (Models) — vii. Harris, 74. McLean, 72.
XXX. (Fine Art Court) Beecliam, 332.
Shop Letters— xxix. Miers, 85. xxx. (Fine Art Court)
Thompson, 343. See also Brass Lettering on Glass.
Glass Letters. Metallic Letters. Porcelain Letters.
Wooden Letters.
Shop-Shutter Shoe— xxii. Jennings, 810.
Shot Belts, Pouches, &c.— xvi. Jones, 30. Middle-
more, 67.
Western Africa, Button & Sons, 6. See also Powder ^
Shot Flasks.
Shot and Bullets — i. Royal Dublin Society of Ireland,
508. Austria, Diet, 122a.
Portugal, Da Silva, 991-1014.
Eussia, Barantchiusk Imperial Iron Works, 158. Koush-
vinsk Imperial Cast-Iron Works, 157.
Shot Tower (Model) — vii. Shield, 79.
Shoveis, Railway — v. Thornton & Sons, 490.
Shower-Baths— See Baths.
Shumac — IV. Kitchin, 1'26a.
Shutters (for Shops & Private Houses)— vn. Askew, 48.
Holland, 132.
France, Hoen, 264.
Shutters, Iron Safety — vii. Bunnell & Co. 152. Horn,
67. Quincey, 146. .
Side-Arms — France, Coulaux & Co. 129.
Sideboards- XXIII. Sheffield School of Design, 39. xxvi.
Bland, 112. Caldecott, Messrs., 206. Gillow & Co.,
186. Hindley & Cu., 266. Hoyles, 345. Hunter,
W. J. R. & E., 202. Jackson & Graham, 261. Le-
vien, 203. Palmer, 59. Puule & Macgillivray, 204.
Rivett & Sons, 153. Ross, 107. See also Furniture.
Sieves— VI. Saddington S. & W., 609. Egypt, 156-161.
Tumi's 8fi, 87. Trinidad, Lord Harris.
Van Diemen's Land, Symonds, 243-245.
Western Africa, Trotter, 5.
Sieve-bottoms — Austria, Benedig, 356. Globotsching,
357. Locker, 358.
Sieve-Hoops — France, Peyron, 955, 1 387.
SiFTlNG-MACHiNE, ARCHIMEDEAN— IX. Service, 122a.
Sign Boards- JVance, Reniond, 977.
Signals (Undescribed) — vii. Rettie, 159. See also
Lamps, Marine Signal.
Signals, Fog. See Fog Signals.
Signals, Hand— xxii. Squire, 451.
Signals, Marine— viii. Dempster, 174.
Signals, Railway— See Railuay Signals.
Signals, Steam-Boat — v. Tidmarsli, 707.
Silk, Raw— iv. Dodge, .32. Duxnt & Co., 35. Durant,
31. Jaquemot, 37. xill. Hadwen & Suns, 42. xix.
Simpsun, 67.
Austria, Canossn, 86, Ouerim, 84. Pare, 85. Ron-
clietti, 82. Rossi, 88. Scheibler & Co., 80. Sleiner
& Sons, 87. Verza, Brothers, 87a.
British Guiana, 76a. China, Hammond & Co.
frunce, Chambon, 113. Cliampanhet-Sargeas, 114. La-
pierre & Son, 561.
India, iv. xill. Ionian Islands, Seaton, Lord.
.fersey and Guernsey, Martin, 26. Malta, Pulis, 4.
jl/odeiro, Read,l. Mauritius, D\\\mu\,% Netherlands,
Knthoven, 49. PoriKja/, Garcia, Oil,
[Official Illustrated Catalogue.]
XCVlll
ALPHABETICAL AND CLASSIFIED LIST OF ARTICLES
I
li
w
i
South Australia, Murray, 6. Grey, Earl, 7. Sweden,
Haga Plaiitulloii, 93. Turkey.
Weitern 4/fr'«». TrutUr, fl.
Silk Down— xxti. Herring, 379.
SiUL FABB1C8 (VarioiiO— IV. Hondi & Lt-avesley, 3-1.
Huwe & Co. 30. xii. & xv. Belirena, 180. Dulby,
192. Mkcfarlniip, 'M. Sliuttlewurtli, & C>., 489.
Whileliill & Co., '^87. xiil. Adsliead & C»,, 3M.
Iloyd, 13. Brocklfhurst & Song, 3H. Hrooks, 26.
Hrowetf, W. & H., 80. Burke, 57. Clarke, 20.
Critcliley & Co. 40. Crius, 32. Davidson & Co.
47. Dear, ii7. Graham & Suns, 17. Grout & Ci).
3li. Hadweu & Sons, 42. Harrop & Co. 6i. Hill
& Co. 25. Howell & Co. 27. Keitli & Co., 1 (and
Main Avenue, Wcttl, I.ewii & Allenby, IG. Mar-
(Iia11& Snelgrove, 3.3. Pugli, 2. Rubinion J. & R.
& Co. 9. Hobinaon, J. 8c \V. & Co. 24, Sanderson
& Reid, 3. Seamer, 13. Sewell & Co. 19. Soper, 20.
Stone & Kemp, 18. Swan & Edgar, II. Towler,
Camiiin & Co. 236. Vanner & Son, 4, 29. Wardle
Gt., 41. Weston & Son, 46. Winkworth & Procters,
63. xviu. Evans & G). I. Jourdain, 61. Le Lievre,
60. Reynolds & Son, 63. Swan & Edgar, 9. xix.
Bennock & Co. 394. Mackellar & Hanipaon, 231.
Perry, 268. xx. Carver & Gilbert, 98. Rawlings,
188.
Algeria, Delegate of Algiers, 38. Catteiran, 13. Cliuf-
fait, 17. Hardy, 28. Morin, 39.
Austria, Backliausen, C. & J. 249. Bader, Brothers, 250.
Bugatti, 2J2. Dortleuthner, 233. Flemmich, 254.
Fries & Zeji))ezaner, 233. Oiani, 237. Gratz Silk-
worm-Breeding Association, 73. Gruber & Enzitiger,
258. Haas & Sons, 23<). Hell, 260. Herziir & Son,
261. Heriog, 76. Kofler, Hermann & Co., 76a.
Humbostel & Co., 262. Lorenz, 73. Alattiuzzi, 77,
Mestroii, 367. Pappafava, 79. Pari, 85. Quurini, G.
84. Radulovils, Druthers, 74. Reichert, 268. Ron-
chetti, 82. Rossi, 88. Salzer, 243. Siheibler & Co.
80. Schonper, 270. Scola, 72. Secchi, 81. Seni-
gaglia & Carminati, 78. Sig.nund, 272. Steiner &
Sons, 87. Verza, Brothers, 87a.
Belgium, Deconinck, 112. l)e Mevins, 86. Depotler,
111. Aletdepenningen, 207. Olivier & Co. 201.
China, Aslell & Co. Copland. Hewett & Co. Lindsay.
Egypt, 198-201, i03, 203-210, 295, 296-298, 3t0, 305,
323, 339, 384.
France, AfTounit, 74<J. Alcan, 1050. Alcau & Limey,
5. Arduin & Chancel, 8. Ayne, Brothers, 765. Bar-
ral, 410. Barrallon & Brossard, 16. Barres, Brothers,
41. Barthelats, 7f)7. Beauvais, 1076. Rellon&Cti.
1079. Benonville, 760. Bert, ,63. Bertrand, 764.
Bertrand,Gayet & Dumuntat, 1085. Bianchi & Dusei^
neur, 1087. Bonnal & Co. 429. Bonnet & Co. 1097.
Bouneton, 771. Buudon, IIUS. Bourdiu, 1730.
Buuvard & Lancoii, 1110. Bronski, 782. Brunet,
Lecomte, Guichard & Co. 1120. Buisson, Robert, &
Co. 784. Cabrit& Koux, 81. Curriere, 1136. Causse
& Garion, 1 1 37. Cliambon, 1 13, 793a. Champagne
& Ruugier, 1143. Ciiainpanhet, 114. Cliampoiseau,
794. Cliampmief, 793n. Charlron . Sons, 796.
Conderc & Soucaret, 96. Darras, 470. Darvieu, Val-
mald & Co. 1169. Delarbre, 1 173, 1176. Deleuze,
1178. Desprtaux, 164. Dumaine, 173. Dussol, 150.
Duval, 189. Deydiff, 15S0. Eymien & Son, 831.
Fabregue-Nouriy, Bariiouin &Co. 832. Farjon, 1217.
Galimard, E. 313. Galimard, F. 83<Ja. Gibelin &
Son, 846. Gindre, 12J7. Girodon, 1250. Gmlleau
& Ueville, 1618. Guinon, 1203. Herme, 537. Jame,
Bianchi & Duseigneur, 1273. Lavemlie & Mathieu,
12U8. Lupeyre, 1292. Leniire & Son, 1649. Lyons
Agricultural Society, 1537. Lyons Chamber of Com-
merce, 1141, 1505. Mafhevou & Uouvard, 1349. Me-
jean, 1333. Menet, 1657. Molines, 647, 930a.
Montessey & Cimmer, 1360. Mnurgue & Buiunuet,
1363. NoKarede, 937. Pature-Lupin, Seydoux, Seib-
lir & Co. 1311. Poiison, 1403. Pottoti, Rambaul &
Co. 1402. Pradier, 14U6. Regard, Brothers, 1426.
. Reidon, 1430. Repiquet & Silvent, 1432. Reynier,
1433. Ruas & Co. 1404. Sambuc, 1470. Schlum-
berger, Gaspard, & Co. 1000. Teissier du Cros, 1031.
Thomas, Brothers, 1040. Valansot, 1314. Verdet &
Co. 1510. Vincent, 1326.
Gold Coast and Ashantee, Forster & Smith, I.
Oreece. Costautonlachi, S3. Panlazopoiilus, 91. Pit-
houlis, 52. Ralli, 50. St. Constantine, the Nunt ul',
54. India, iv., xiii., xviii.
Netherlands, Eyndhoven, 49. Rooyen, 38.
Persia, Tliomimon.
Portugal, 8i)6-859, 040-943, 948-950, 1171. Carneiro,
9.i8. Garcez, 611-615. Jorge, 963. Palmella, Duke
of, 604-610. Pimentel, 964. . Ramos, 054.
Rome, Berrette, 6. Filanda-Bracci al Fano, 7. Morti, 9.
7^im(i, Hadji Babi-Kelbalay-Oossein-Ogli, 53, 142, Jral'-
Ogli, 207. Juditsky, 137. Kherson Peasant Women,
211. Kondrasheff, 333. LaptelV, 371. PoliakuflT &
Zamiatin, 20.3. Rayko, 140. RebrolT, 139, 143. Rier,
138. Vikoulin, 141. ZaUghin, 200.
Sardinia, Bravo, 24. Casissa & Sons, 27. Chichiiolit
& Co. 39. DeHerrari, Brothers, 44. Fermento, 37.
(iaiimberto, 29. Jacquet & Co. 26. Rignon & Co.
30. SInigaglia, Brothers, 29. Suley, 40. Vertu, Bro-
thers, 2S.
Spain, 196, 203. Alcala & Son, 213. Almansa, 200.
Amigo y Saury, 217. Calderon, 220. CastiUo, 218.
Cruz, 201. Dotres, Gaspar & Co., 215. The Baron of
Finestrat, 195. Garcia, 205. Gener, 212. Gonzalez,
198. Margarit, 204. Monfort, 208. Montfort, 202.
Orduna, 214. i'ryaU, 197. Rey & Co., 207. Rey-
noso, 211. Roig, 210. Talavera Guilds' Manufac-
turing Co., 219. Treiior, 210. Valencia Board of
Auriculfure, 209.
Sweden and Norway, Casparsson & Schmidt, 24. Meyer-
son, 24.
Switzerland, Aliotli, 134. Boelger, 158. Custer &
Schachtler, 148. Fogliurdi, 54. Goelz, 193. Lane,
53. MuUer, 133. Romain, 165. Ry bluer & Sons,
161. Schmid, Brothers, 269. Sulzer, 186. Voii
der Muebl, Brothers, 162. Wegner, lri9. Zurich
Silk-Stuffs Manufacturers, 153. Tunis, 10. Turkey.
TStscany, Casuccini, 30. Davilti, 46. Delhi Ripa, 38.
Franueschini, 43. Lambruschini, 36. Le|)ori, 47.
Mordini, 43. Panuilini, 42. Petrucci, ' 40. Pieri,
41. Poidebard, 39. Ravagli, 48. Rimediotti, 44.
Savi, 51. .Scoti, Brothers, 37. Zavagli, 40.
United States, Ryle, 336. Western Africa, Trotter, 9.
ZoUverein {\), Bovenschen, 536. Duyn, Hipp & Co.,
310. Funke, Boeddinghans & Co., 572. Gabain, 1 19.
Greef, 533. Hermes & Wolffers, 520. Roddick, 598.
Jacobs & Bering, 524. Kaible, 525. Kerkzoff, 512.
Kiszewsk V, 39. Lucius & Co., 729. Lumm & Ruetten,
331. Meer & Co., 529. Neuhaus, H. T. 522. Neu-
haus, L. 577. Peltzer, 518. Rappard & Co., 516,
517. Schmidt & Co., 589. Schroers, 513. Simons,
614. Stork, 511. Weyerbusch, 570. (3), Behr &
Schubert, 30. Roehling & Co., 50b. (6), Weintrant,
70. See also Brocades. Damasks (Silk, ^c.J. Dyed
Silk. Gauzes. Mixed Fabrics. Organzine. Popftns.
Ribbons. Sarsenets. Salins. Waistcoatings.
Silk Grass — xiv. Dagnall & Co. 89.
Silk Looms & Machinery— vi. Davenport, 80. Frost,
84. Smith. 22. Austria, Scbeibler, 80.
France, Harding-Cocker, 864. Muzard, 1366. Roeck,
1446. Soulieyrand, 1490. Russia, Graff, 150.
Zollverein (1), Die|)ers, 472. Schrodter, 484.
Silk, Sewing, Netting, &c.— xiii. Alsop & Co. 48.
Bridgett & Co. 40. Brock leliurst & Sons, 38. Brougli
& Co. 44. Browett, W. & H. 80. Davidson & C<i.
47. Hammersley & lientley, 4J. xix. Simpson, 67.
Surr & Co. 80.
Silk Spinning — France, De Tillancourt, 697.
Silk, Thrown— XI. Walsh & Windley, 26.
Silk Trophy — xiii. Keith & Co. 1 (Main Avenue,
West).
Silk Wa£>te — xiii, Holdfurth & Son, 61. Hadweu &
Suns, 42. XIX. Cox, Miss A., 220.
Silk-worm Gut— Spain, 199.
SiLK-WoRM8—.4Hs<na, Grass!, 83. Hoepfncr, 128. Turkey.
Silk-worm Spinning Apparatus (Models) — Austria,
Hoepfiier, 128. Zollverein (1), Bolzani, 38.
Silver— II. Howards '
Zollverein (1
& Kent, 11.
DESCRIBED IN THE CATALOQUE.
xdx
514. Verdet &
imuU,24. Meyer-
Gt. Hadweu &
Canada, Badgley, II. Logan, I. Montreal Mining Coin-
jmiiy, 10. Chili, 3 (Main Avenue, EiL>t).
China, Lindsay.
Sitain, Almeria Mine*, Inipector of the, 13.
Sweden and Norwag, Kougiberg Silver Worki, .34,
Turkey. Zollverein (1), Kicliweiler Mineu, 3)8.
Silver Rmbosseo CHASiNa— xxx. (Fine Art Court)
Bremner, 2o8.
SiLVKB Lack— See Gold and Silver Lace.
Silver Lead-obeb— See Leml Orei.
Silver Leaf— See Ooldand Silver Leajt.
Silver Ore— Canada, Badgley, 1 1 . China, Lindsay.
Jiuisia, Barnavulsk Imperial Worki, 4. Spain, 3.
Sweden and Norway, Gnldsmediliyttan Mine*, 10.
Zollverein (I), Cotack, S25. r.amhinon &Co. 451.
Silver Plate— See Gold and Silver Ware.
Silver, Prockssks for obtainino— ^Wwrein (1), Mans-
I'eld Combined Mining Works, 850.
SiNOEiNu Horses with Gas (Instrument fur)— ix. Crump,
16U,
SiNUEiNO Lamps- XXII, Ueakin, 107.
Size— II. Davies, "0.
Sizing or Dressing Machine— vi. ILnnby & Kcnwortliy,
20,
Skates— XXI, Loy, 14. xxii. Brown & Sons, 182. Flailier,
J 67, Marsden&Co. 169, Wright, 177. xxix. Pm-
don, 39.
Sweden, Nystrand, 82.
Skates, Summer- xxii, Bradnack, 2'5,
Skerrtvore Lighthouse (Model)— vii. The C')mmis-
sioners of Northern Lightliouses, 99,
Skins (Ibr Furs, Sec)— See Furs and Skinn.
Skins for Gloves- ,4M*/ria, Boulogne, 334.
Skins and Hides- i^ee Leather and Hides.
Skippino-Kopes — XIV, Super, 64,
SKTLtoHTS— VII. Maxwell, 102. Nixon, 174.
Slag — Spain, Cvrain, 1,
Slate— Western End, South Enclosure, (Outside), Old
Delabole Slate Company, 8, Stirling, 9, Welsh SInte
Company, 12, i. 205. Breadall>ane, Marquis of, 211.
Dawbarn & Co. 2(J8. Delabole Slate Company, 214.
Freeman, W, & J,, 160, Greaves, 210, Limerick
Local Committee, 212, Taylor, 201, Williams, 215,
Slate, Enamelled— xxvii, Hull, 42, Magnus, 46,
Slate Manufactures— Western End, South Enclosure
(Outside), Old Delabole Slate Company, 8. Siruthers,
16, I. Stirling, 209, v. Slack, 423. x, Wishaw,4l9.
XXVI. Steedman, 346. xxvii. Blackburn, 21. Stir-
ling, 120.
Slate Painting— xxx. (Fine Art Court) Borrows, 11.
Slate Pavement — South, or Transept Entrance, Festiniog,
Nurlh Wales.
Slate-Pencils — Belgium, CoUette-Doucet, 5.
United States, Cain, 247.
Si A/ri^s (for Roofs, &c.)— Belgium, CoUetle-Doucet, 5.
Canada, Hall, 18. Logan, 1. (^uigtey, 20,
France, I^rtviere Angers Slate Works, 290, Rimugne
Slate Works Company, 378, 694,
Sardinia, Pianello, 3, Zolesi, 2,
Trinidad, Lord Harris,
United Slates, Siins, 274, 275,
Zollverein (8), Nassau Government Engineers of Mines, I,
Slates, Metallic— 2oWi;erein (4), Uometsch, 73,
Sledges — Bussia, Uabounuli' 315. Jakolelf, Brothers,
344.
Sweden, Norman, 54.
Sleighs— Canacia, Lawrin, 180, McLean & Wright
178. O'Mearo, 179.
Slide Taps (for Fire-engines)- v. Fletcher, 444.
Slide Valves (tor Slfam-Engincs) — v. Atherton 1,
Houghton, 7. Wheeler, 305. '
Sijdino Rule of Involution— Hooker J. and A. 340.
Slottino-machines— VI. Sharp, Brothers, 204, Whit-
worth & Co,. 201.
Slubbing and Roving Frames- vi. Mason, 10. Parr
& Co., ti.
Smalt— ^//fcrfeH (I), Horstmann & Co., 4G2.
Smelling-Bottles —France, Maillot, 597. See also Scent
Bottles.
Smelung Salts- ii. Hills, 23. ,
Smelting Furnace (Model) - i. Fresize, 464. Ceylon,
Ssiith's Hearth or Forge' (Portable)— vi. Hick & Son,
218.
Smiths' Implements— xxii. Keep & Watkin, 76. Wuodi
Brothers, 75.
Smoke-Condenser- VII. Cochrane, 158.
Sjioke-consuming Furnaces (Jukes' Patent)— v. Suf
mun & Co., 65.
Smoke Consumption (Apinratus for elTecting) — viii
Devey, 54.
Sjioke-Damper— V. Craig, 770.
Smoke-Jacks— XXII. Benham 8c Sons, 08. Crook, 244.
Shokino-Pipes- XXV, Leitch and Hammond, 59.
Canada, Ht-nderson, 187.
Gold Coast and Ashantee, Forster & Smith, 1.
Persia, Hudson. Turkey,
Western j^rica, Beechain, 12. McWilliam.
Zollverein (1), Lux, Brothers, 769. See also Hookahs.
Meerschaum Pipes. Tobacco Pipes, ^c.
Smoky Cuimnevs, Apparatus for Curing — vii. Bram-
iiall, 129. (Jrisdall, 58. France, Fondet, 508.
Smoothing-Tree (for Kid Leather) — Zollverein {i^We-
ber, 744.
Shut-machines — vi. Coorobe & -Co., 444. Millington,
B. & E , 462. Rankin, K. & J., 4G6.
Snow-Shovels — Canada, Montreal Cuntial Commission,
301.
Snuff — lll. Lundy Foot & Co., 44. Richardson, Brothers,
52. Taylor, 45.
Austria, Vienna Imperial Tobacco Maim factories, 09.
Belgium, Brovellio, 72. Plaideau, 71.
Canada, Levey, 130.
Portugal, Royal Tolwcco and SniifT Company, 1172-
1195. i^ussia, ProtdSHoir, 331. Spiglazoir, 76.
runts, 81, 88.
Zollverein (1), Carstanjen, 468. (5) Miiioprio & Co., 4.
(6) Bernard, Brothers, 9.
Snuff and Tobacco Boxes— i. Jamieson, 25. xxiii.
Baird, 26. McGregor, 46. xxvill. Garrett, 141.
XXIX. Stiveiis & Sons, 35. Austria, Hofrichter, 644.
CAtna, Shea, J-Vonce, Mercier, 1658, /nrfi'o, xxviii.
Van Diemen's Land, Milligan, 201-203.
Zollverein (I), SchuU, 880. (2), Pleisch, 72. (4)
Abele & Co. 76. (6), Frank, 61.
Soaps (Common, Scented, &c.)— xxviii. Gosnell & Co.,
55, Williams & Son, 4. xxix. Carrick, 16. Clea-
ver, 20, Cowan & Sons, 19. Dixon, 91. Gibbs, D.
& W., .305a. Going, 87a, 201. Grossmith, 13.
Hendrie, 10. Kendall & Co., 2.5. Knight, 8. Low
&Co., 30. Mackean, 28. Payne, 29. Pears, A. &F.,
24. Taylor & Co. 5. Williams & Son, 4. Yardley &
Statham, 2.
Algeria, Arnaud, 2.
Austria, Chiozza & Son, 43 Hermonnstadt Stearine Can-
dle Company, 42. Melzer, 44. Richter, 44 a.
Belgium, Touche, 434.
Canada, Matthewson & Son, 329.
South Africa, Smitliers, 38. Ceylon.
Denmark, Owen, 44.
France, Allard & Claye, 750. Arnavon, 402. Bleuze,
1091. Jaillon, Moinicr & Co., 273, Milliun, 929.
Moveau, 1361. Piver, 1678, Roiilct. Gilly, & Clmpoii-
niere, 359. Hamburgh, Douglas & Sdu, 92.
India, xxix. Netherlands, Perselaert Sc Son, 71.
New South Wales, Hallett & Sjiis, 5.
New Zealand, Smith. 6.
Nova Scotia, Central Cummitlee.
Portugal, Royal Soap Conlractois, 1158-1164.
liussia, Besuiic, 303. Nilson & Junk^, 308. Stier, 3G4,
Sardinia, Albaiii, Brothers, 7. Uossi & Schiappaielii, 0.
Spain, 275 a. Bert, 245, 24G, Giro, 244. Leon y
Hico, 243, 2h«i», 172-176, 189,
Turkey. Tuscany, Conti & Son, 23.
United States, Buzin, 36. (JIawson, 5(i3,
Hyde, 67. Lord, Lynch & Co., 306,
St, John, 510. Taylor, 292.
Van Diemen's Land, Clelnune, 144.
Western Africa, Hutton & Sons, G.
ZMrerein (1), Uelimel, 254. Pull?,
Wuiuler, 250.
Hanel, 4(1,
Moore, 561.
203, Suvre, 253,
h 2
ALPHABETICAL AND CLASSIFIED LIST OF ARTICLES
Soap-Bkbries (Sapimiiit)— II, Pound, 108.
Britith OiiiaiM, How, 130.
SoAP-ccTTiNO Machine— VI. Muir. 2U6.
8oAP, Soft— Knight, 8. McKean, 28.
Soap-Stonb — Canada, Lo|{<ui, I. Greece, 15.
Switzerland, Pwlolin, 40.
United Statet, Cocke, 371. M'Henry, 501. Maryland
Soitp-Sloiie Company, 180.
Soda— II. Huikitson, 86.
Cane of Oood Hope, Jep)ie, 4. Egypt, 367.
India, i. Turkei/.
Soda, Aogtate or — France, Maire & Cl, 317.
Soda, Anhydrous Sulpbatb of — Belyium, Socidtd de
Fbreffe, 38.
Soda, Bicarbonate of— ii. Pattinton, 18. Sievpnwn, 20.
Soda, CAraoNATEOF— II. Bower, 42. Cook, 15. Watt, 32.
Srnth Africa, Seppe, 40. India, I. ii.
Portugal, Hirsch, Brother*, 51. Serxedello & Co. SO.
&>aiii, Canary Iilandi, 33.
Zollverein (1), Malthei & Weher, 464.
^"OA, Preparations mon— Zollverein (1), Wewnfeld &
Co., 461.
Soda Soap —Sardinia, Albaiii, Brothen , 7.
Soda, Stannate OT—Amtria, Braun, 21.
Zollverein (1), Krimmelbein & Bredt, 457.
Soda, Sulphate of— ii. Bullock & Co. 37. Kane, S3.
France, Malapert, 310. Intlia, ll.
Spain, Anirnla, 38. Burgot Mine*, Inapector of, 35,
Zollverein (I), Mattliea & Weber, 464.
Soda, Tinate ot— Zollverein (1), Kunheitn, 13.
Sooa-Water— XXIX. Thwaitei, A. & R. & Co. 105. See
al>o Vaiei, Si/phon (for Aerated Walere).
Soda- Water Machines — vi. Cooper and Buiaill, 624.
Cox, 6U8. Tyler & Co., 60S. Tylor & Son, 606.
XXII. Masters, 634. France, Savareeie, 1477.
Sodium, Acetate of — Anttria, Wagenmp.'.in & Co. 19.
Sofa Bed (to prevent lea-sicknaw) — vin. Brown, 160a.
Sofa Bedsteads— xxvi. BuniU, 7a. Ramux, 152. Ver-
riiider, 217.
Sofas— XXVI. Bunill, 7. Gillow&Co., 186. J ;kson,242.
Canada, Heed & Co., MSa.
Soils and Karths (Sfiecinieni) — i. 43. Lance, 37.
K4iake, 60. Rogeri, 70. Eggpt, 9, 12, 18.
Portugal, M.ira^x, 116. Telim, 117.
Home, Btancoucini, 1.
Spain, Almeria Mine*, Inspector of, 13.
Trinidad, Lord Harris, 33-35. Tunis, 24. Tuicany, 3.
See also Brick Earth. Clay. Pottery Clay.
Solidified Milk — See Concentrated Mili.
SoLiTE Obelisks— XXVII. Beld, 57.
Sou.. UNO Instruments — Belgium, Van Httcke, 480.
France, Lecoentre, 300. Mulot & Son, 638.
South Shields Cobles (Models) — viii. Alan, 8'».
South Wales Hailway Iron Bridge (Model) — vii.
Kinoli & Willey, 9.
SoUTHWATER Church, Sussex (Mod.l oO— xxx. (Fine
Art Court) Carruthers, 30,5.
Sowing Machines, See Seed-Dibbling and Sowing
Machines.
Spades— 5ee Digging Machine. Horticultural Implenients.
Spain, Her Majesty the Queen of ; Articles of jewellery
iMloiiging to — France, Lemonnier, 304.
Spain, The Kino of, Iron bust of— Spain, Trubia, Royal
Ordnance, 280.
Spanners- X. Park, 337.
Spectacles, Readino-Glasses, &c.— x. Bayley, 273.
Braliam, 289. Braithwaite, 283. Callaghan, 268.
Ciiadburn, Brotlieri, 259. Clark, 276. Dixey, 271.
Rowlev, 290. Solomon, 286. Weaber, 27!). Wlii»e-
liniise,'2S0. Yeatei, 332. XXii. Balleny, 299.
Belgium, Latinie, 184.
France, Berger- Walter, 25. Henri, 262. Plagniol, 1679
Poulof, 906.
Zollverein (1 1, Busch 89. (2), Eisenmenger, 24.
Spectacle-Frames— ^Muertiri (4), Lenz, 67.
Speed Indicator (for Steam.engiiie« or Machines)— v.
Yiites, 777.
Spelf-machine — VI. Smith, 59.
StKhT— Belgium, Da Heunheuse, 62.
Spelter— I. Grey, 506.
Microscopes) — x.
ni. London Spica
, Grose. 1.
Spermaceti and Spermaceti Candles— iv. Miller ft
Sun^, 29 (Main Avenue, West), xxix. Ogleby & Co.,
130. Sweden and Norway, Lamm, 18,
United States, Macy & Sons, 306.
Spermaceti Oil— See OiVs (various).
8ph;bro-Annular Condenser (for
Shadbolt, 077a.
Spices— II. lAiudon Druggists, 117.
Trade, 53. Barbadoes. Grenada,
India, ill. Labuan, ffc, Hammond & Co.,'2.
Mauritius, Natural History Society, 4. Reader, 7.
Trinidad, Lord Harris, 2. Western Africa, Weston, 1.
Spike-Machine— {/nifeti States, Morey, 580.
Spinal Curvature Chairs— x. Seltzer, 726.
Spinal Curvature, Support for— x. Wood, 737. See
also Orthorachidic Instruments.
Spindles ( t'or Cottim and Silk Spinning) — vi. Booth 8t
Co., 2. Lewis & Sons, 209. Preston. 5. Uyder, 222.
XXII. Lucas & Son, 2U4a. Portugal, 1222.
Spinninu-wheels and Machinery — vi. Higgins ft
Sons, 14. Leacb, 7, Macindoe, 24. Parr & Co., 6.
Behfium, Sociiti du Phenix, 134. Goudeau, 135.
Vandevin, 126. France, Stamin & Co. 1021.
Gold Coant and Ashantee, Forster & Smith, 1.
//am&un/A, Boye, 11.3. India, \.
Mecklenburg - Slrelitz, Gundlach, 4. Sweden, Ehren-
l)erg, 65. See also Mules (Cotton, ^c. Spinning).
Throstles for Spinning.
Spirit-Cases— XXII. Young, 442.
Spirit-Levels—v. Judge, 130. x. Dobbs,316. Liddell,
362. XXII. Bloomer & Phillips, 176. Morrison &
Parker, 177.
Spirit-Meters- X. Brown, 335. Towns, 327. xxii.
McCullum, 523. See also Hydrometers.
Spirit-Taps— V. Sfocker, S. & G., 422.
Spirometers— X. Kwart, 729.
Sponges— XXVIII. Harris, S. & H., 1 1 7.
.BaAamtu, Barnes & Co. Greece, P'<u<ides, 12.
Tunis, 73-75, 150, 151. Turkey.
Zollverein (1), Winkler, 31. (3), Thieme-Widtraarkter
& Pueschel, 4.
.SpoNOio-PiLiNE— IV. Maikwick, 114.
Sporting Implements — Austria, Cassel, 478.
France, Boche, 769. See also Gunpowder. Guns,
Pistols, ^e. Shot-Belts, ^c.
Spoons- See Gold and Silver Ware. Plated Ware.
fiVMsa-BW— United Slates, Day, 575.
Spring Braces- x. Grossmith, 565.
Spring Propeller— v. Clarke & Williams, 965.
Spring Seats — United Stales, American Cliair Company,
85.
Spring Windows (requiring no lines)— Sv^erfea and Nor-
way, Ro^enkilde, 45.
Springs (Carriage, Cart, &c.)— v. Gibson, 848. Marriot
& Atkinson, 160. India, l.
Springs for Door.s — xxii. Aldridge, 687.
Springs, Locomotive-Knoine— xxii. Turton & Sons,
190.
Springs, Mattpass— xxii. Wakefield, 337.
Springs, Railway-Tkuck— xxii. Marsh & Co., 162.
Spur Wheels — v. Jackson, 682,
Spurs- XVI. Maxwell & Co., 52. Thomns & Son, 211.
Belgium, Giliay, 379. Western Africa, Janiieson, 22.
Square-cutting Gauge— xxii. Robertson, 565.
Square for Measuring- x. Purvis, 325.
Stack-covering (Various)— xxix. Fisher, 225.
.Staff of Honour (African)— W. Africa, McWilliam.
Stained Glass— xxiv. Bailiie, 61. Ballautine & Allan,
78. Holland & Son, 63. Swinburne, 4. Tobey, 81.
XXVI. Loe, 43, ■102. i,;.',r' . ., Bigaglia, 600,
l/e/(/i«m, Jonet, 389. /'.-;»i''.', Gerente, 517. Maes, 656.
United Stales, Gibson, 346. Hannington, 311.
Zollverein (6), ScliifTmaim, 76.
Stained Glass, Substitute fob— xxviii. Bushell, 182.
Stained-glass Windows— xxiv. Bankart & Sons, 87.
Bury, 64. Costle-slreet Glass-Work:, 83. Forrest &
Bromley, 42. Hall, 41. Mayer, 76. xxx. (Fine Art
Court) Wyutr, 30.
Belgium, Capronnier, 438. France, Leclerc, 575.
Staineo-olabs Windows (Designs fur)— xxii. King ,5.
DESCRIBED IN THE CATALOQUE.
ci
Stained Woods— ii. Hawthorne, 39. Ntiylur, 35. iv.
.Stowe, 10. XXTI. Palmer, S3.
Stainr for Wood— II. Coppock, 65. Hawtliorne, 39.
Steveiii, 74,
Staia Baldstradrr— XVI. Marlonr, 54. xxn. T.ongtlen
& Ctt., 105. France, Keton, 504.
Staircase Kailinqb, Iron (Ue*ign for)— xxii. Cotton
& Hillen, 608
Staircasgb, Karthenware— XXV. Ridgway & Co., 5.
8TAIRCA8B8, Spiral— 2bMwer«n (6), Schroeder, 77.
Stair Wow— United Slates, Hiler, 218.
Stalactite (or Stalaomite). See Alabaster.
STAMPINO-PBE88— xvn. Piiic'ie* & Co., .33.
8tanciiio!<-(jun8 (For Wild-duokSliooting)— VIII. Aniell,
185.
Stannateb- II. Young 7.
Stabcr— II. Jennings 99. III. Berger, 130, Brown &
Pillion, 123. Colman, J. & J,, 117. St. Etienne,
138, Jonei & Ci)., 128. Miller, D. & W., 127.
. Keckitt & Sun, I2S. Shand &Miickart, I2(i. Tucker,
E„122. Tucker, R.O., 121. Wollienpoon, 124. iv.
C>)oiiey, 70.
Belgium, Bocken Sc Co. 73. Vangeeteriiyen, 489.
British Guiana, Garnett, 31 & 32. Sliier, 33-35.
Canada, Prenilergast, 123.
Fiance, lielleville, Brollieri, 1078. Ruet, 363. Stein-
bach, 382. Netherlands, Bocken, 11. Print, 12.
Portugal, 453. Holbeche, 454.
i^Mssia, Kuterman, 71. Verdan & Co., 30. Volkonaky,
Prince, 70. St. Domingo, Schoinburgk, Sir R.
Spain, Mirat, 128. Trinidad, Lord Harrii.
United States, Colegate & Co., 301. Oswego Starch
Fnctnry, 104. Van Diemen's Land, Murray, 1 8,
Zollverein (1), Barre & Kuster, 827. Haller, 090. Kruie,
19. LobiirK Manufactory, 694. Schramm, Brothers,
406. (6), Hufmaiin, 14. See also Potato Starch.
Starch Gums— hi, St. Etienne, 138.
State Barge, The Lord Mayor's (Model)— viii.
St-arle & Suns, 169 (Main Aveinie, West).
State Beds— XXVI, Scrymgeour, 101.
State Coach, The Lord Mayor's (Model)— xxx.
(Fine Art Court), Jibb, 14.
Stationebt— XVII. Cowan & Sons, 101. De la Rue &
Co., 76. Hastings &Mellor,8.'i. Mansell,27. Ralph,
142. Smith, K., 100. Smilh,J.,4l. Spicer, Brothers,
42. Walerluw & Sons, 46. xxx. (Fine Art Court)
Burke, 4.'. France, Vincent & Tisserant, 730.
India, xvii.
Zollverein (1), Glanz, 146. Kuhn & Sons, 152. See
also Account-books. Albums. Bookbinding. Books,
Envelopes. Lace Papers. Ledgers. Paper. Parch-
ment. SealingWax.
Stationery, Fancy— xiii. Burke, 57. xvii. Ackermnn
& C»., 1. Austin, 151. Rancks, Brothers, 96.
Burke, 152, Byam, 144. Dean & Son, IS. Dnblis
& Co., 79. Hampson, 153. Tuler, 17. Kronheim
& Co,, 181. Meek, 190. Spie. . & Son, 208. Wildes,
i02. XXVI. DixoM, 190. xxvill. Rousseau, 116,
XXIX, Stocken, 43,
France, Valiant, 1515. Vanderdorpel & Son. 712.
Malta, Fenecb, 19. Russia, Aristarkhoif, 359,
Statuary — See Sculpture.
Stays and Corsets— xx. Caplin, 32a. Davy, 44,
Gallaway, 12v), Geary, 49. Hod^'s.m, 155. Hurst
& Reynolds, 16i2, Jonbert, 4U, M'Cliiitock & Co,,
152, Piijer, 41, ?.>!» & Plante, 6. Roberts, 40a,
Shrceve, 46a. Smith, 119, Sykes, 43, Thomiis, W,
& Brothers, 46, Tinsley & Co., 122.
Belgium, Berger, 349. Van Bene<len, 345, 346.
France, Allix, 6. Cilllaux, 80. Clemenyoii, 1152.
Dumouliii, 178. Fontaine, 1226. Graiib'oir, 1616,
Joly, 892, Josselin, 551. Maco, 1335. Meurisse,
928. Kichei, 1436. Robert-Werly & Co. 1444.
Soules, 1402. Suchell, 1700.
Stays for Weavers— Zo/fuerein (1), Krdelen, 474.
Steam Boilers — See Boilers, Steam.
Steam Boiler Cocks— See Cocks for Steam Boilers.
Steam-boiler Feeder— x, Sielie, 3.j8,
Steam-boiler Furnaces— v. Green, 53. x. Newcomh,
U72a. xxii. Edwards, '<t41.
Steam-boileii Safety Appabatds— irann, Letliuillier-
Pinel, 312.
Steam-boiler Water-oauoes— v. GoodMlow, 778.
Howe, 779.
Steam-Chest and Valve— viii. Maedonald, 329.
Steam-Cooeinq Apfabatcb (for Agricultural |iurpotM)
— IX. Stanley, 1.
Steam Cranes (Models)— i. Oowoni, 132. v. M'Nicoll
tt Vernon, 434,
Steam Dibtiluno Appabatdb — Zollverein ( t). Wolff.
13.
Steam-engine Cranks— v. Judge, 130. Squir* & Co.,
706.
Steam-engine Fittinos— v. Lambert & Son, 478.
Thornton & Suns, 400.
Steam-engine Indicators — v. Whitehead, 10 1.
Steam-engines, Vabious (including Models) — i, Vln>
cent, 465. Wilding, 60. v. Armstrong, 44. Beckett,
106. Bickle, Ml. Bunnell & Co, 48. Butterley & C<>.
3J. Clayton, Shuttleworth, & Co., 39, Cofegruve,
162. Cullinge & Co. 49. Constalile, 70. Craddock,
76. Crimskill, 25. Daviet, J. Sc U,, 16. Deane,
158. Ebbw Vale Com|iany, 67. Kdwanli, 12.
Evans & Son, 37. Fairbairn & Suns, 26. FitiMaurice,
57. Gadd & Bird, 208. Carrett, 35. Hawthorn
& Co. 11. Hay craft, 151. Hick ft Son, 13. Hodge
& Bailey, 29. Joyce, 20. Uigh, 61. Lambert &
Son, 478. Linton, 116. Lloyd, 45. Lynch & Inglis,
24. McNaught, 22. Maudslay, Sons & Field, 38.
Morrell,82. Nasmyth, 41. Patenon, 148. Perry, 112.
Pope & Son, 40. PotU 1C2. Ransome* & May, 35.
Redmond, 6ti. Snmuel, 616. Sharp, 104. Siemens,
46, 2U3, Siminon & Shiplon, 14. Squire & Co. 706.
Tuck, 200. VVatkins & Hdl, 56. vi. Croukill, 401.
Fourilrinier, 100. Hick & Son, 218. Shanks, 110.
Williams 234. vii. Remington, G. W. & J., 70.
Rencsynski, 27. ix. Tuxford & Sons, 271. x. Betlle,
679a. Gogerty, 407. xxn, Stuart & Smith, 102.
Austria, Milesi, 106. Schmidt 105.
Belyium, Cockerill, 1 19. Sardinia, lienoit, 33.
France, Bourdon, 1108. Flaiid, 507. Galy Coialot,
1239. Pierrat, 958. Stolti & Son, 1494.
Nova Scotia, Archibald, 2.
United States, Higginhotham, 231.
Steam-engines, Agricultural — ix. Barrett Exall &
Andrews, 128. Caborn, 200. Burrell, 37. Buttin,
115. Clayton, Shuttleworth, & Co. 242. Hemming,
134. Hensman & Son, 149. Hornsby & Son, 233.
Ransomes & May, 124. Roe & Hanson, 84. Stan-
ley, I, Turner, 182.
Steam-engines, Marine (including Models) — v. Ather>
ton, 1. Day, 133. Doukin & Co, 42. Elder, 153.
Hodges, 103. Maudslay, Sons & Field, 38. Penn &
Son, 8. RePT >, G. & Sir J, 52. Richards, 138.
Stothert Slaughter & Co. 4. Watt & Co. 6. Web-
•ter, 108. vn. Remington, G. W. & J., 70, 175.
Canada, Garth, 158. See also Sub-marine Condenser.
Steam-engines, Railway (Locomotive) — See Locomo'
tive Engines, Railway,
Steam Fuel— xxvii. Stirlinu, 120.
Steam-Generator— IX. Gill &; Ward, 62.
Steam Gvt>— United States, Perkins, 541.
Steam-Hammer— VI. Nasmyth, 236.
Steam-Indicators— X. Oxley, 689. Somalvico & Co..
68lA.
Steam-producino Apparatus. — Mecklenburg-Strelitz,
Benecke, 1.
Steam-Pumps— V. Oirrett, 35. Macintosh, 28.
Zollverein (I), Wunlen &Cb. 51. iS'ee also Pumps /or
supplying Boilers.
Steam Travelling Crane— v. M'Nicoll & Vernon, 434.
Steam Trigger (Model)— vi. RadcliHe, 328.
Steam-Tugs— VIII, Brook, 42. Brookes, 143, Petley, 58.
Robson, 57.
Steam and Vacuum Gauges- v. Lees, 204. Watkins
& Kill, 56. X. Baker, 396. Cameron, 356. Chad-
burn, 259. Somalvico&Co., 68lA. xxii. Davis, 643,
Steam-gauge Whistle— DenmarA, Lunde, 12. Set also
Railway Whistles.
STEAti Vessels (Models, &c.) — vn. Royal Scolllsh Six
dl
ALPHABETICAL AND CLASSinED LIST OF ARTICLES
Matiirii & Go.
See also Candles
Turheij.
-XXII. Jowitt &
Tiirtoii &
ciely of Art*, 29. vill. Clarkr I3&. Ditclilnirii, 30.
Oiltion, 41. Huiliiuii, 33S. Muciial), 130. Mure &
Co. NU. Miller & O). IC3. Kubinton & Itumell,
103. Rook, 32U. Ilulliveii, 171. SturJcv, 3)7.
While, T. J. h R., 36a. See alio Paddle- Wheel*.
Screw I'ropellern. Screw Sleam- Veitelt.
Stkam-Vessklo (,u|>|:1icatioii of Wliiitle to) — v. Tabor,
6MI.
Stkakic Acid — France, Donneand ic Co. 478.
Stearine-ii. Bell, 1 10. iv. Field, J. C. & J., 130.
XXIX. 0«l.-by&Co., 139.
Auitria, HenimiinsdiiU Steariiie Cmdle ComiNtny, 42.
Steariiie C>iiidle (Apollo Citiiillf) Company, 30. tilea-
fine Ciiidle (Milly Cmidle) Company, 40.
Belgium, Qiianomie, 431.
JtusHta, Muimfacluring Company, 363.
303.
Sweden and Norwai/, Juhannon, 1798.
(Wax, Tallow, <Jc.).
Steatite — i. Sweeimuii, 40, India, i.
Steel Manufacture (lllii«tratiiiiia nf)
Uiitlie 187a. Nttylor, Vicken, & Co. 19!)
Soiii, 190.
Steel, and Steel Wares — i. Sclmeiiler, 409. Solly Sc
Co., 410. Wingerwortli Iron Company, 416. Vlll.
Greener, 59. xxi. Stnhi, 89. xxil. Cocker & Son,
115. Earl & Co. -.207. Hale 563. Heeley & Soni, .305.
Hutton 1G6. Jolniaon & Co., 109 a. Jones & Co.,
801. Jowitt & Co., 187a. Makin, 112. Marriott &
Atkinson, 160. Marsli, Drotliere, & Co., 162. Nay-
lor. Vickers, & Co., 199. Oxiey, W. & Co., 806.
Soll^, 258. Worrall ft Co., 164.
Algeria, Ain Morka Mines Company, 19. Bonn Mines
and Iron Works Com|)any, 20.
Auttria, Egger, 402, 409, 410. Fischer, A., 420.
Fisciier, D., 4J1. Gurk, Iron Works of the Chapter of,
416. I'feill'er, 418. Pillersee and Zeiinhach Imperial
Smelting Works, 407. Schwarzenberg', Prince, 417.
Tliurn, 419. Vieinio Depot of the Imperial Iron
Mines and Iron Works, 408. Zois, 405.
i^e/f/ium, Delloye, 376. Kalloise, 384. St. Leonard Com-
pany, 374. Ceylon.
France, Baudry, 1071. Cliauvin, 449. Daniel, 1108.
Huet, 880. Voizot, 1531. India, I.
Nova Scotia, Acadian Iron Mining Associatioi), I. Archi-
bald, 2.
Siissia, Arlinsk Imperial Works, 3. JakovlelT, 25.
Perm Im|)erial Cop|)er Works, 6. Tomsk Imperial
Works, 18. Zlatooust Fire-arm Manufactory, 14.
Spain, Carreros, 252. I.ieoiie$a Astnrian Compuny, 21.
Sweden and Norway, Eskiistuna, 12. Kuckii'm, 79.
Warodell, 74.
Switzerland, Fischer, 47. Mat hey & Son, 41.
United States Adirondac Maimfacturii.g Company.
344.
ZoUuerein (1), Ante, 627. Asbeck & Co., 645. Boeing,
Roehr, & Lefaky, 453. Devaraime & Son, 280. Eak<?
Royal Mines, 326. Erbschloe & Sons, 614. Harkort
& Son, 456. Huth, Krind, (k Co., 632. Krupp, 649.
Lehrkind, Falkeuroth, & Co., 447. I^)he Steelworks,
324. Lohmann, 630. Mannesmann, 617. (2), Gre-
nanth, BrotherH, 95.
Steel-cutters— Sitvrfen an-i Norway, Halleberg, 1 1 .
Steel Pens— i'ee J'cns, Metull-c.
Steel Pens, Macuine fob maki.vo— xxii. Hinks &
Co.. 326.
Steel Plates fob Engravers— xxii, Hughes & Kim-
bcr, 609. Spear & Jaeksnn, 113.
Steel Platf.s (Process of Tinting) — xxx. (Fine Art
Court) Hayward, 337.
Steels (llutcliers')— xxi. Barker, 37.
Steels for striking Lights— .^wsfria, Ring, 468.
Stbeiii.no Wheels and Apparatus- viii. Allison, 1 ib.
Fayrcr&Co., 112. llugUis, 318. lM»g,l\. Itobin-
BOM, 100. Wood & Co., 102. xxx. Grissell, 335.
See also Rudders. Screw Propdliiig Rudder.
Sterf^chromic Pictures -2b//tyrei»' (2), Muhr, 91.
.'■ tkreoscopes Zullrerein(J>), AHjeit, 23.
Stereotvpe Plates— xvii. Knight & Hawkes, 107. Man-
chhi & Mordl, 128.
Stbreotvpino (8|i«oim«iM oi)— France, Curmer, 135.
United State*, Star, 194. •
STETUOMETEHa-x. Uelolme, 19.
STETH08COPE8— X. Leare«l, C20. Matthew*, 181.
Sticks— Sue Whip*, ^c.
Stillb— Wetlcni End, North Enclotur* (Outside), Singer
& Co., 65. Ceylon.
Stocking FHAHiea -vi. Carver, T. &T.O.,89. xxx. (Fine
Art Court), Lee*, 105.
Stockings— See Iloiieri/,
Stockings, Elastic- *e« Surgical Bandage*, ffc.
Stone (Siwcimen* of)— Wustem End, Suutli Enclosure
(Outside), Brown & Co., '20. Franklin, 28. Freeman, W.
&J,14. Raynes &Co.,25. Sinclair, 1.1. Towler, 27.
I. 196. Al«rrarn & Qwytlien Collieries Company, 4.30.
Clark, 100. Clugas, 168. Damon, 149. Driver, 203.
Falmouth h Penryn Local Committee, 163. Frestnn,
13.3. Gillaume, 153. Uowans, 132. Grissell, 185.
Howard, 29. Kirk & Parry, 179. Lindley^ 187.
Long, 147. Luonl, Beedham, it Co., 176. Powell,
P., 197. Powell, W. J., 202. Koss, 51. Rutherford,
182. St. Austell I^ocal Committee, 470. Seymour,
192. Snowden, 171. Siiark*,154. Stanlio]ie Limestone
Quarries 204. Staple, 181. Stocks, 188. Towiisend,
186. Walsh, Executors of, 183.
Egypt, 14 15. India, i.
Ionian Iilands, Lord Sraton, 5.
Malta, Darmnnin & Soiia, 26.
New South Wale*, Hallett & Sons, 6.
New Zealand, Greenwood, 17. Trinidad, Lord Hani*.
TuHcany, Itoyal Technological Institute 1.
Z^/Zverein (4), Zcller, 1. See a\m AMar Stone. Bath
Freestone. Flint Stone. Freestone. Granite. Lime-
*tone. Marble. Paving Stone*. Quartz. Serpentine
Stone.
Stone, Artificial (including Work* therein) — Western
End, South Enclosure (Outfiide), Board, 2. Furse, 19.
Seeley, 11. Teagle, R. & W., 3. xxvil Bowen, 94.
PiiMiam, 108.
Austria, Cristofoli, 38. Rohlik, 37.
France. Debay, 45. Virebart, Brotiier*, 732. See also
Marble, Artificial. Scagliola (VFbrAs in).
Stone-uoring Apparatus— VI, Beart, 301.
Stone Carving— I. King, 136. xxx. (Fine Art Court)
Foster, .''03. China, Thom*.
Afa;to,Dimech,28. Soler,29. Te»ta,F.,33. Testa, S. 30.
Tiirhey.
Stone, Coloured (l>y Infiltration)— x. Pliillips, 411.
Stone Sawino, Drksbino, Planing, &c., Machines—
VI. Hunter, 312. Randell and Saunders, 324.
United States, Eastman, 3. Morey, 460. Foot, 180.
Freeman, W. & J., 160.
Stone Tombs, &c.— xxvii. Hurfley, 12.
Stone-Ware generally — Western End, North Enclosure
(OuUiile), Doultiin & Co., 64. Ferguson & Co., 60.
Garnkirk Co., 69. Grangemouth Coal Company, 68.
Green & Co., 67. Singer & Co., 65. xxv. Bell &
Co., 26. Bourne, 35. xxvii. Belts, 22. Doulton &
Co. 23. Ferguson & Co., 93. Green & Co., 125.
Westwood & Moore, 113.
Austria, Nowolny, 625.
Cape of Good Hope, Bridge*, 21. /Vance, MansartI, 1342,
Portugal, Pinto, Baslo, & Co., 1100.
Sweden and Norwaif, Uyi\A Quarry 43. Turkey. '\'
Tiscany, Imperial ilard Stone Works, 111.
Zollverein (I), Actien, 214. Villeroy & Bocb, 361.
Stoppers to Bottles— xxiv. Ayre and Calder Bottle
Company, 6.
Stove Furniture — Canorfa, Cheny, 159.
Stove Ornaments— xxii. Smith, 269.
Stove Polish— 6'«i<erf State*, Seabury, 121.
Stoves— VII. Reltie, 159. xxii. Alderton & Shrewsbury,
403. Bailey & Sons, 805 (Main Avenue, West).
Burton, 247. Conlbrook Dale Company, 641. Col-
lins, 88. Court, 3s9. Crook, 244. Deane, A. 392.
Deane&Co., 186. Dowson, 476. Duley, 89. Ed-
wards, D. O., 241. Edwards, F., 387. Evans & Co.,
103. Fcetlmm & Co, 276 (Miiin Avenue, West).
Gidney, 556. Gray, J. & Son, 405. Harvey 440.
Haywood, 97. Huxliain & Brown, 406. Huxley &
DESCRIBED IN THE CATALOGUE.
ciii
Liriner, I'M.
I, 181.
>u((ide), Singfr
80. XXX. (Fine
uulli Eiicloiiire
8. Freeman, W.
3. TowUr, 27.
Company, 430.
). Driver, 203.
, 163. Frettoii,
OritMll, 185.
Liiidley, 187.
, 176. Powell,
1. Rulherrurri,
t70. Seymour,
ihojie Limeitune
88. Towiisend,
ltd, Lord Hanrii.
1.
or Stone, Bath
Granite. Lime'
rtx. Serpentine
ereiii)— Wesletn
J, 2. Furse, 19.
vii. Duwen, 04.
I 732. See aUo
i in).
UI.
Fine Art Coml)
33. Te»ta,S.30.
lillipi, 411.
, Machines —
ers, 324.
iO. Foot, 180.
Norih Enclosure
■on & Co., 60.
Company, 68.
XXV. Uell &
22. D»uIton &
n & C')., 125.
!,Mansa«l,1342.
Turkey.
!.
Hocli,361.
Calder Bottle
|21.
& Shrewsbury,
Ivenue, West).
|ny, G41. Col-
~ eaiie, A. 392.
^uley, 89. Ed-
Evuiis & Co.,
Avenue, West).
Harvey, 440.
1)6. Huxley &
IIeriot,336. Jealies, 237 (Main .4venur,Weit). Joliion
ft Co., lOU (Main Avynup, Wvil). Kreue, 04.
M'Slierry, 408. Munnd, 792. Ncttleton & Son, 3b8.
NiciiolKin, 87. Norman, 391. I'eterion, 383. Pierce,
107. Porie & Son, 343. Price. 397. Ue<l|{ate, 410.
Searle, 480. 443. Yalei & Co., 384. xxvi. Lyon,
30.
Aimtria, Metfernicli, Prince, 413.
Jlelijiiim, Mutliya, 35!>. Point & San, 474.
Canada, Cheney, 156.
China, Baring, Brotiien. Denmark, Lnnde, 12.
France, Delixnon, 1180. Durand, 180. Ferouelle &
Holland, 200. Ucocq. 1644.
Hamhwiih, Beinhauer, 121.
Mechlenhiirg-Strelitz, Denecke, 1. Lange, 3.
Aethetiandt, Graamani, G5. Martin, 63.
Tifitcany, Cantafralli, 71.
United Slatei, Hnrcli, 513. Chtlann, Klchurdion, &C».,
417. learned & Thutclier, 100. Pond & Co., 414,
434.
' 2bH«;er««(l), Bainn 760. Schmidt, 644. Slolberg-Wer-
nigrrnde,Karlor,779. (5), HufTman & Son, 16. (7),
Metz & Co., 6. See alto Gratet. Kitchen Ranges.
Stoteh, Gas— IX. Smith, 19:^. xxii. Azulay. 397. De-
friei, 482. Edwarda, 241. Sharp, 01. Tozer, 3:;U.
Stoves, Lamp— xxii. Deane & Co., 186.
Stoves, Thebmometeh— xxii. Warren 402.
STOWEI.L, LoBD-See Eldon and Stowell Group.
Strasduro Cathedral CSloiie])— Switzerland, Wylten-
bacli, 257.
Straw Chairs— ^oHwrein (0), Reinliard, 54.
Straw-cutters — United States, Whiieman, 240. See
also Chaff-cutting Machines.
Straw-Plait. &c., for Bonnets— xx. Cooper, J. J. & G.
172a. Elliott, 172. GreRorv, Cubilt, & Co., 8.
Mai , 182. Muirs & Co., 173, 215. Wexford
Peasanta, 181. xxvill. Rendall, 144. Still, 143.
Austria, Taudlcr, 657.
Madeira, Read, 1.
Switzerland, Abt, Brother*, &c. 227. Clarei, 228. Hart-
mann & Co., 230. Tuscan;/, Pastorelli, 35.
Zollverein (4), Haa», 70. See alao Bonnets, Straw.
Straw-sharer— IX. Rohinaon, 1'26.
Straw TAiihr.— Belgium, Bt-rtani, 477.
Straw Work— xix. Sewell, Evana & Co., 2:i8. xx.
Cooper, J. J. & G., 172*. Klliott, 172.
Malta, BultigieR, 31. Mauritius, Balkdeld & Co., !S.
Switzerland, Siilzlierger & Akermaim, 234.
Tunis, 178-180. Zollverein (2), WippWr, 90.
Strawberries, Earthenware Support for— ix. Smith,
222.
Street Barricade— vii. Ruck, 143.
Steeet-cleanino Machinery (Model*') — vii. Nichol-
aon, 40. Townley, 39.
Street Engine— v. Fire Annihilator Co. 92a.
Street Waterino-Carts (Models)— v. Geary, 846. ix.
Coode, 154a.
Strichnine— II. Moraon & Son, 106.
String and Twine— xiv. Bridport Local Committee, 73.
Hiiywood & Sons, 44. Moore, 67. Morrison & Hnrn,
49. Nicol&Co., 87. Smith, 65. Tull, 69. Witliey
& Smith, 47. xxviii. Farrar & Son, 16.
Conrjrfa, S|)o;iner 169. A^eto 2eaZanrf, Caradua, 25.
^//(rrein(l), Blankenburg, 561. Kiigel, 125. Heinig
& Sons, 812. Hoeraick, 554. Schwemann & Sons,
545. See also Hopes. Cordage, g-c.
String and Twine Boxes— xxi. Yeates, 19. xxx.
(Fine Alt Conit) Christie, 137.
String and Twine Reels— vi. Slate, 69. xxix. Slate.
226. '
Strings for Musical Instrusients— See Musical
Instrument Strings.
Strong Boxes and Satbs —Belgium, Delaroclie, 364.
Gob, ,357. Malhys, 359. Jrancf, Verstaeii, 1 705. See
also Fire-proof Safes.
Strontia, Carbonate of— i. Ridddl, Sir J. M. 55.
France, Digeon, 1590.
Strontia, Nitrate of— /Vance, Digeon, 1590.
Portugal, Serzc<lello & Co., G2.
Stkostia, Sulphate of -France, Digeon, 1590
Stucco C\n»- Sardinia, Parini, 01.
Zollverein (I), Kramer, 416.
Stuffs (Worsted, &c.)— xii. &xv. Hirat &Grrcii, 491.
Bahamas, llainea & Co.
Belgium, Calteanx, 245. Gilann & BoaanI, 341. I^*
maire, D«cam|)a & Peiaaart, 240. Lienart CltufTaux, 242.
France.' 'leiix. 1058. Rerleclie, Cliesnon & Co., 108-'.
Cheui e, 1559. Juliel DesmareK, iJH. Koecklin,
Brothera, 1634. Naiet, 660. Saiivage & Co., 1473.
Teillard, 1030. Terrier & Co., 1032.
Zollverein 0), Broeael 727. Kramer, 610. Mnrnnd &
Co., 731. Neit(er& Brabant, 583. Schweitzer & Heller,
733. Schlnila&Hidlhana 585. Troo*t,60l. Weiasflog,
7J0. Weber, 716. (i)) Uehr&Si'hulieit,, 50. Glau-
chan Wravers'School,lOO. Graefe & Son, 102. Hecker
&Taacn, 96. Koehler &Suhedlicli, 93. Rochling &
Co., 50h. Trinka, 98. Vogel, 89. (4), Kolb and
Schule, 28.
Stuffed Birds and Animam— xxix. Beevor, 204. Dnn-
lmr,234. Huncock, 320 (North Transept). Harbor, 203.
Wall'ord, 212.
Canada, Perry, 354.
Nova Scotia, Central Committee, 2.
Sardinia, C>ml»ii, 83. Turkey.
Unit id Slates, Hnrst, 80. Moyaton, 25.
Weitern Africa, Faddy, 10.
Zollverein (1), GrafT, 803. Leeven, 423. Rlngelann,
253. (4), Ploticquet, 107. iS'ee alao Ornitliolo(,ical
Specimens.
Stylograph? (Siiecimen of) — /)eM/MarA> Schiilcr, 37.
Subclavian SecYor (for meaiuring the body)— xx. Smart,
135.
Sun-MARiNE Boats— viii. Bell, 14.
Sub-marine Condenser — France, lloclier, 991.
Sub-marine Construction, Machines and Apparatus
FOR — VII. Bri'mner, 95, 164. Gardiner, SO.
SuB-HARiNB Propellers— V. Ecclt-sliall, 132. viii.
Brown. Sir S., 334. See also Screw Fropellcrs, Ship
Propellers.
Subsoil Pulverisers— ix. Barrett, Exall, and Andrewa,
128. Cumins, 143. Gray & Sdiis, 150.
SucciNE Acid— yl«»/rta, Brosche, 20.
Succory — Zollverein (1), Teicbman, 693.
Suez, Isthmus of. Ship Cana' Mirough (Model)— vii.
Clark, 18.
Sugar— III. Perkins, 149. Wlweler, 27a. xxix. Uxland,
R. & J., 98. Austria, Real!, 0 1 .
Belgium, Claua & Orron, 81. Barhadoes.
British Guiana, Anderson & Co., 3(i. Jones, 37
& 38. Laing, 40. Shier, 41-44. Stutchbury, 39,
45 & 46.
Ceylon. Egypt, 44, 45, 47, 48, 103, 391.
France, Jeanti, Prcvost, Pcrrand, & Co., 1277. Numa,
Grar, & Co., 667. Uoiissean, Brothers, 1437.
Hamburgh. Reesing, 3. Wagener, 4. India, ill.
Eastern Archipelaqo, Hammond & Co , 2. Mauritius,
Webb. 3.
Portugal, Pinio, Bastos, & Co., 455 417.
liussi'a, Ilirshmann & Co., 79.
Spain, Arrieda, 202. Arriela, 295. Enriquez, 170.
Zuluetla, 179a.
f'ujerfen, Seyboldt & Co., 101.
Trinidad, Lord Il.nris. Turkey.
United States, New York State Agricultural Society,
83. White, 397. See also Beetroot Sugar. Maple
Sugar.
SncAB BAf-NS (satin-wood) — xxvl North, 257.
Sugar, Be.^troot — See Beetroot Sugar.
Sugar-Candy — Denmark, Tutein, 2S. Egypt, 66.
Suoar-Canes — Egypt, 101. Turkey.
Sugar of Lead — ii. Melincrytlian Chemical Company, 2.
Russia, Sanin, 28.
.Zb//ierew(l\ Augnstin, 826. Kunheim, 13.
SuGAR-OF-MiLK CRYSTALS- II. Hopwood, 100.
Sugar-mills, Machinery, &c.— v. Squire & Co., 706.
VI. Collingc & Co., 432. Graham, We.M & C >., 445.
Pontifex & Wood, 602. Robinson & Rnsseil, 418.
Sharp, 440. Sqniie & Co., 449. ix. Rans >mes &
May, 124. Smiih & Co., 2CC. xxii. Hird & Co,, 85.
Belgium, Van Gottlicm, 12-t. France, Niliu«, 1371.
dv
ALPHABETICAL AND CLASSIFIED LIST OK ARTICLES
Hamburgh, TliUI, 123. Nttherlnndi, Van VliMiiigoii
ft Cu. 7S. iVm alid Vacuum Pan;
«t(LPHi)R-i. Highly, 23. II. Hutmel k Kllit, 10.
Iiiypl,S. Oreece, VJ, India, l.
Tftw Zealind, Siiiiih, 14. Nomt, Raiiitri, 20.
Sardinia, .Velopii, Brotlien, 4,
Spain, 4'i\, 45. Dumiido y Trign, 40. Yuit & Co.,
Tiirkef. Tii$canif, 4. Vullerra Salt Manufactory, 2.
Zolherein (I;, Harkort, 870.
Sulphur Ore— I. Williiiini& Siiiia, 505.
SULPIilTRATOR AND FtlMIQATOR rOR H0P8, &0.— IX.
AUop, 'iix. Kmn, 101.
Sulphuric \ciD—jfenmaik, Owen, 4'!.
Portugal, Hinch, 2'J.
Sardinia, Albaii), Drolheri, 7 . Selopii, Brotlieri, 4.
Sweden, Hieria & Michaeltoii, 90.
KuLPHURio-ACiD ChAY—ZoUverein (1), Schwomial Alum
Wurkii, 403.
ScLPMURiNu Apparatus -VI. Tliom, 71.
Sumach VfooD—Kutgia, 93.
Sumach— i'ortHj^ai 511-513. Monteiro, 510. -Spain, 146.
Sun PicTi'RES (on Paper)— See Culotgpe Process.
Sun Sh.vdgs - XXVI. Dawei, 135.
Surgical Bandaoes, Stockings, &c. — x. KitKlaml, 567.
Loiigdon & Tut)l)erfr, 57 J. France, Flamet, 213.
See alio Medicated Bands. Trusses. Bandages, ^c.
SimoicAL Instruments and Apparatus— ix. Head, H9.
X. Arnott, 610. Bii(f{ & Son, 670. DIackwell, «3S,
734. Uottomley, 097. Brown & Son, 02^. Gliad-
Iwm, Drothera, 250. Goxeter, 683. Ellii, 031b.
EvuiiH & Co., 643a. Kvrard, 647. FerKiisou & Sons,
631. Gowing, 280, 645, 130. James, S77. Jordan,
285. LEstrange, .t97. List, 175. Macliell, 654.
Marsliall & Co. 686. Matthews, 181. Moore, 66a.
Philp & Whicker, 641. Reid, 583. Ross, 601b.
Salt & Son, 028. Sim|>aon, C42. Sparks & Co.,
AOI. Weedon, 640. Weiss & Son, 631 A. Whib-
ley, 607. Wood, 737. Woodhouie, 731. xxii. Nel-
son, 220. Scidmore & Co., 183. Seller*, 147.
Whiltles & Froggart, 213, 693.
Austria, Teuflnieyer, 564. Belgium, Noggenith, SOI.
Denmark, I^^iiiggaaril, 18. Nyrop, 19.
France, Hiondetti, 706. Borsary, IIUO. Cahirol, 786.
Charriere, 1145. Darbo, 1577. Hamm & Co. 862.
Lupr,133f). Mathicu, 618. Pujade, 1413. Roisiord,
1450. Thier, 1505. Valerius, 706.
Nova Scotia, Archiliald, 3. Russia, Roocli, 341.
Sardinia, Maaera, 97. Spain, Pareren, «49.
United States, benjamin. 152, 251. Filch, 479. Palmer,
3'J. Thompson, 26. Yeuger & Ord, 58.
Zollnercin (1), Uaunscheidt, 344. Goldschmidt, 85.
J.nppold ti4. Mies, 341. (2), Jordan, 27. See also
Dentists Instruments, Fractures, Apparatus for.
Medical Walking Staff. Orthopedical Apparatus.
Osteotom, Thoracitone.
Surveying Intruments— x. Cricliton, 452. Davis, 70.
Gerard, 100. William, 343. See a\io Land-measuring
Chains. Levels, Survei/or^. Road-measuring and
Mapping Machine. Tlieodolites.
Survevors' Plans— xvii. Wason (M.P.), 188.
Suspended Animation (Apparatus for restorin'^)— x.
Small, 6J1.
Suspension-Bridge Links— v. Howard, Ravenhill, &Co.
413. P.ileiit Shaft and Axletree Company, 543.
Suspension Bridges (Models. &e.)— v. Watts, 750. vii.
Hell, 03. Clive, 41. Grout, 47. Hammond, 15.
Reiiczyiiski, 27. Royal Scottish Society of Art», 20.
Hu-sell, 78. Smith, 165.
United States, New York Iron Bridge Comiwny, 511.
See also Kieff Suspension Bridge.
Suspension Tunnel (Moilel J— vii. Smith, 165.
SwAK— Tunis, 137, 138.
SwANSDOWN — XI. Barnes, 40.
Swanskins— XII. & XV Nic(dls, 231.
Ztillcirein (3), Lelimann 107.
SwimminoBelts— iS>e Life Belts and Buoys.
Swimmisg-Glovej - VIII. Cooper, 334a.
Swivel-Bridge Klevator, &c.— v. I..eadbetter, 650.
Swords— VIII. Firmiii &Son<, 211. Mole, 248. Reeves,
Oreavw & Co. 344. Wilkinson & Son, 200. xx.
FIrmin&Sons, 161.
i^M^n'a, Milter, 520. Riedler, 110.
China, Herncastle. Etij/pt, '2'i*, 2S2.
France, Dtlacour. ISB'i. India, I. viii.
yova i$icn(ia,Archi>wlil, 2.
Russia, Khamoir, 163. Ooit*-Calcliey-Oi)ste-Ali-Beck-
Ogli,163. Zlatoust ImpvrialMaiiiifaclory of Arms, 10 1.
Spain, Tidedo Royal Ordnance 266. Vsasi, 307. Zu-
luagn, 304a. Sweden and Norwaif, Ahlb«ok, 14,
Zetterberg, 10. >>
Turketf. Tuscany, Marioiti, 08a.
Western Africa, Ackland, bir T. D., 17. Hutton k
Sons, 6. Jamiesnn, 5b,
Zolloerein (I), Hocller, 637. Schmoli & Co. 673.
Schniiiler & Kirschbaum, 480. (4), Kohl, 14. See
also Daggers.
SvDEROLiTE Ware — Austria, Bahr & Maresch, 612,
Schiller k Gerbing, 614.
Stmhetrometeh (for cutting Ct>ats)— xx. Jones, 140.
See also Measuring Apparatus,
Svmphonian — X. Wiieatitone & Co. 536.
ISympiesomkter— X. Nfgretti & Zambra, 160a.
Syringes, Rotatory — xxii. Siebe, 433.
Syrups — ii. Greenish, 124. Turkeif.
Taaffe's Patent Slating— vii. Russell, 78.
Tabinets— XII. & XV. Allen, 259. Jones, 205. Pim,
Brothers, & Co., 355.
Table Cloths, &c. (Linen, &c.)— xi. Walmesley, 61.
XIV. Andrews, 5.
Austria, Mathie, 287. Simom t.a, 291.
Belgium, HausMins Hap, 257.
Canada, Bean, 137, 142. France, Daudre, 1170.
Hamhurah, Amdt & Berend, 24.
Mecklenburg- Schwer in, Gerbtr, 3.
Russia, Dombrowitch, 355. Vou Mengdcn, 222.
Sweden, Stenberg. 94.
Switzerland, Beck and Sons, 1C3. Fankhaiisur,
Brothers, 103. Miescher & Sons, 103. Sohmid,
Brothers, 103.
Zolherein (1), Eickholt, 549. See also Damasks, Linen.
Diapers.
Table Covsr^ (Silk, Cotton, Worsted, &c.) — xi.
M'Bride & Va,, 0. xii. & xv. Baughen, Brothers,
183. M'Cren, 135. Ward, 134. xiv. Birrell, 27.
Dewar, Son, on<l Sons, 35. xviii. Underwood, 22.
Welch, 18. Yates & Taylor, 24. xix. Cook, 135.
Dewar. Son, & Sons, 150. Johnstone, 218. Stokes,
307. Victoria Felt Carpet Company, 327. White,
Son, & Co., 343. Wood, H, «6 T., 352.
.4u«(na, Liebig, 241. Pfenuiberger, 359. Prochaska.
244a. Wurst, 302.
Canada, Bean, 137. Henderson, 14.'i. Laflainme,116,
122. Hamburgh, Dissmar & Harloff, 25.
Persia, Bidwell. Thompson.
Portugal, Thomar. 1233.
United States, Nicholson, 549.
Zollverein (1), Karschelitz, 157.
barth, 105. Schubert, 150.
Tbuemcr & Toeper, 90.
Table Knives. See Cutlery.
Table Ornaments (Composition)— xxix. Keogh, 119.
Tables (Console)— xxvi. Holland & Sons, 161. Le-
cand, 183. M'Lean, 386 (Main Avenue, West).
Portugal, Caetano, 1224.
Sardinia, Da Ficno, 73. Descalzi, 72.
Tables (Inlaid. Papier Mache, &c.)— xxiii. Elkington
&Co., 1. Hancock, 112. xxvi. Abbott, 45. Clark,
179. Dawes, 135. Edwards, 247. Gillow & Co,,
186. Grundy, 121. Harding & Son, 209. Herring
& Sons, 205. Jordans, 384. Kor, 103. Lee, 133.
Lithgow and Purdie, 100. Miles, 250. Price, 312.
XXVI. Dixon, 190. Holbeard & Wellings, 131.
Jenuens & Bettridge, 187 (Main Avenue, West).
Lane, 128. McCullnm & Hodjon, 136. Mechi, 79.
XXVII. Plows, 50. Woodruffe, 77.
Austria, Becker & Kronick, 043. Mcntasti, 035.
JSe/jiimi, Branden, 511. Bruno, 411. Demanct, 402.
Ceylon, Kitchin. France, Grade, 1254.
(3), Glafey & Neu-
SeylTert & Breyer, 88.
4
DESCRIBED IN THF rXT OrtlTK.
}on, 200. XX.
17. Hiiituii 8e
Jamasks, Linen.
9. Prochaska.
Laflamtne, 116,
Hamburgh, Bey, 73. Faulwanscr, 71. Kohler, 72.
Lo»)w, 74. Muller, 76. PlainlKJck, 69. Werner &
Piirlhein, 79. India, xxvi. Jiomt, l)i«f, 34, .IS.
Sardinia, Diuo, Hrothun, (!». Claudo, 68. Magni,
70. Perulli, 06. Spain, l\tez,-2'\A.
Switzerland, Voeel, 3'J)).
TuHcanji, Corrldi, 89. Martinvtti, 88.
Van liicmen'i Land, Haniilton, 8. Lip«comb, 308.
Zollverein (I), Il«iinlmrK«r, 88<. Puff, 775.
Tadlks (Mahblb, Stone, &c.)-xxvii. 89. Cham-
pernowne, 6. Humble, 9. I^mbert, 70. Moon, fiU.
Pearion, 65, Plowi, SO. Thornliill, 48. Tomliii-
lon, 79. Woodley, 39. Canada, Uummoad, I \H.
Cape nf Good Hope, 68. Itome, 38.
Tuicany, Quido Du Coiiti, 93. Guidntti, 93. Nanni,
94. Panciatichi, 96. lioyal Technological Infti-
tute, 98.
Zollverein (\), Canliaii, 235 (Main Avenue, Eiul).
DevJMc, 837. Stolberg Wvrnigfiodo, Eurt of, 779.
Tables (Mf.tai,)— IX. Samuclson, ISS.
Tables foii Modbllehs, &c.— xxx. (Fine Art Court),
Palmer, I97.
Tables, Kustic — xxvi. Drew, 116. Warner, 73.
Bates, 44. ••
Tables ior Suips' Cabins— viii. Kingr, 19. Ladd, 80.
Austria, lieitch, 638.
Tables (Variuui)— ix. Starkey, 43. xxvi. Aspinwall
& Sod, 213. Auldjo, Mrs., 404. Caldecott, 206.
Calder, SS. Chaplin, 214. Greaser, 289. Dawes, 135.
Dinbani, 92. Eloiire, 188. Fisher, 36. Foothorape &
Co., 132. Gardner, 231. Oeake, 31. Gillow & Co.
IbG. Greverie, 355. Harrold, 117. Hawkins, 237.
Herbert, 67. Herring & Sons, 205. Hockendon, 69.
Jeniiens & Bi'ttrid);e, 187 (Main Avenue, West), Jones,
; 287. Marchant, 253. Morant, 164. Newlon, 97.
Palmer, 59. Richardson, 207. Simpson, 267. Star-
key, 26. Turley, 138. Turnell, 317. White &
Parlby, 6. Whyte,43. Wilson & Sons, 293. Wood,
118. XXIX. Down, 56. xxx. (Fine Art Court)
Fletcher, HI. Wilkinson, Sir G., 139.
Austria, ('olonibo, 630. Belgium, Doaiii, 429.
British Guiana, Uce, 158.
, Canada, Hilton, J. & W., 123. Ramsay Sc McArthur,
117. Read & Meakins, 1)5a. Cey/un, Kitchin.
France, Balny, 1066. Grade, 1254.
Hamburgh, Kbhler, 72. New Zealand, Lucas, 40.
BusuOj Schoenfeldt, 375.
Sardinia, Capello, 64. Switzerland, Flnekk, 224.
United States, Doe, Hazelton & Co., 418. South Caro-
lina Railroad Company, 177.
Van Diemen'e Land, Brown, 15, 16. Champion, 12.
Denison, Sir W. T„ 149-151. Lumsden, 145, 146.
Zollverein <1), Sommerfeld & Hubner, 238.
Table-Tops (Marble, &c.)— xxiv. Jones, 44. Mathienon,
120. xxvi. Mouslpy, 123. Wells & Co., 392.
xxx. (Fine Art Court) Earlo 49.
British Guiami,nee, 82, 83. Alalia, Darmanin & Sons,
26. Aew Zealand, 38.
Tuscan!/, Magtriorelli, Brothers, 87. PoUi, 85. Ragnini,
86. Van IHemen^s Land, Brown, 1 5.
Zollverein (1), Caiitian, 235.
Tablets (Glass, &c.)— xxiv. Aire & Calder Bottle Co. 6.
xxx. (Fine Art Court) Ilerwitz, 347.
Western j\frica, Jamieson, 22,
Taffetas— xiii. Redmayne &Co. U. xix. Ball & Co. 19.
i^ypf, 301, 326, 334-335.
Russia, Ayrapet, 201. Iraf-Ogli, 207. Tedjoom-Beck-
Melik-Shah-Nazaroff, 206.
Sardinia, Soley, 40.
Switzerland, Von Der Muelil, Brothers, 102. Tiirheu.
Tailors' Arm-pad— xxviii. CollinffK, H^).
Tailors' Mbasurino &c., Apparatus — x. Thompson,
363. XX. Cattanach, 135a. Griffin, 117. Jones, 149.
Robinson, 149a. Smart, 135.
Tailors' Trimmings— i^raHce, Laurent, 902. Leu-
nenschloss, 313.
Zollverein (3^, Muehlenderlein,l57. Oehmig & Schmidt,
154. Uhlig's Widow & Juiika, 155.
Talbotvpe I'rocess— See Calolype Apparatus. Calotupe
Process. ,
TAir Rrll.llll, (1. //«, I.
l.hii- '"■», KugKlei' 16.
Tallow Miiuim, I'o" |3|,
New South Wales, Mo»«% .V Co. It.
South yy'rica, 38.
'Jhiis. 185. Turkey. UnilM Sim Douiiuleli, 9
Van IHemen's iMud, Wutchorii, U
Jfu/ZfrretM (I), Palis, 263. .S'ee »>> 'eartAe and ('•^a*
table.
Tallow Oih— Zollverein (1), Pa'is, 2«;t.
'tAHAMSoa—Eiiypt, 64.
Tanks -xxiL Burney & Bellamy, 633. See alio Cm-
terns.
Tanners' Bark-urindinoMill— VI. Haxliams& Brown,
446.
Tannic Acid— ii. Macfarlun & Co. 107. Morson & Son,
106.
Tanninu Materials— II. Ilopkin Sc Williams, 41. iv,
Curtis, Brothers St Co. 126. Kitchlu, 126a. xvi.
Boutcliier, Mortimer, & Co. 293.
Canada, Allon, 100. India, iv.
S'ew Zealand, McViiy, 5.
Trinidad, Lord Harris. Tunis, 137. See also Barhg.
Leather-making Tools, ^c. Oak Bark.
Tanninq Materials (Instrument for Teitiiig)—x. Evans,
67(»A.
Tapes & \ji.ct»— Zollverein (1), Wuelfing & Windratli, 565.
Tapestry— XII. & xv. Underwood, 501. xix. Batters,
96. Benliow, 100. Bridges, 108. Bright & Co. 401.
Brinton & Sons, 1 10. Chxpnian, 128. Harmsworth,
181. Hhidliaugh, 2l>5. Hull Patent Camphine Co.,
264. Lees & Co., 79. Pardoe, Hoomans, St, Co., 263.
Trollope, 320. XXVI. Craoe, 630.
France, Beauvals, National Manufacture of, I3A7,
Braqueiiie & Co. 435. Carquiliut, C>>iidy & Co. 1 134,
Gantillon, 1241. Gobelins, National Mimiifacture
of, 1366. Lyons Chimber of Ciommerce, 1141. Kal-
laiidrouze <le Lamornaix, 1469. India, xvm.
Jerseij and Guernsey, LeFeuvre, 11 A.
Persia, Ede & Son.
Bussia, Imperial Alexandrovike Manufactory, 210,319.
Zollverein (1), Flammersheim, 395. Weyguld, 429. (3),
Beck, 149.
Tapestry (Designs for)— xix. Underwood, 403.
Zollverein (4), Tanner, 51.
Tapioca— III. Etienne, 138. Grenada, Grose, 1, India,m.
Portugal, Bataiha, 543.
Taps— See Cocks or Taps.
Taraxacum, Juice of- ii. Bell, 118.
Tarbouches of Toi — Fgi/pt, 302-304.
Target, Marine— viii. Browning, 103.
Tarpaulin — vi. Brown, 56. xiv. Anderson, 86. Beale
Brown, 77. Bridport Local Committee, 73. Can-
ter, 36. Carter, Brothers, 36. E<lgington, 90. Fletch-
er, 36. Hattersley & Co. 36. Haxworth & Carnley,
36._Jackson & Matthewman, 36. PigotI & Newton,
36._Salmoiid.l83. See also C«nfa«. Kichcloths.
Tabtans (Wdiillen & oiher) — xi. Anderson, J. & A. 7.
XII. & XV. Archibald & .Sous, 465. Ballantyne &Soii,
194. Forbes & Hutchison, 291. Gibson &Co. 464.
Gill, 190. Gilniour & Co. 203. I>aird & Thomson,
199. Locke, 15. MoBride & Co. 6. Palon, J. &D.
466. Willans & Co. 257. Wilson & Son, 468. See
also Plaids.
Tartaric Acid— Howards & Kent, 11. Hnskisson, J. W.
& H. 86. Pontifex & Wood, 1 .
Austria, Hrosche, 20. Wagenmann & Co, 19,
Portugal, Serzedello & Co. 504.
Tatting — xix. Ellis, 159.
Tazza ("f Iron, Alal)a8ler, 8(c.)— France, Matifat, 923
(Main Avenue, East).
Rotne, Moila, 19 (Main Avenue, East).
Tea— III. Assam Tea Co. 143.
China, Reeves. Hammond & Co. Ripley. India, in.
Tea Ca'^'ies- xxii. Feurncomlie 160a. xxvi. Newton,
::,. North, 257. xxviii. Bevan, 171. Day, 169.
Tea Chests- XXIX. Mechi, 45.
Tea-dealers' and Grocers' Show-goods (for deco>
rating Shops) — xxvi. Scroxton, 271.
Tea EiiUiPAQE (Travelling)— xxix. Luuchars, 44.
cvl
ALl'HABKTICAL AND CLAH8IFIRD LIST OF AllTICLKS
TiA Kkttlhi (('•tetit ft ollMr>-vii. \^'illiunii>, I'iH. iX'
lltMlgei tc Hoim, ll'l, xxil. Durham, dU. Frutn-
CDinlH), l(iO,\. lIiMlgv & 801KI, 4H7. I'yrku & 8<)ii«,
41m. SoulUT, .'194. Toavr, 989. Wnlloii tt Co., (10.
Canada, SavBRe, .140. .*«>• alio Hardmnrr.
TBA-LKAVU(IJntwitl«d)— f'AiNd, lUnimoiiil It Co.
Tea I kni XXII. IUm|)<lrii, OU. I'yrkn it Horn, AM.
HoutU'r, 354. Tylor tt Soni, 4U1. VVarnur it 80111,
79A*
Dtum'arh, Wiilff, a3.
Ttrru, Animals' ( Varloiw) EnMlern Airhipthujo, Ham-
muiiii " C»., 3. Sixilk A/rim, Thamtua, m,
Vuii Uiemtn't Land, MoHua iVCo. 'i2%.
Tkbth, ARTiriciAL Sm JJtHliilrif.
TcKTH, Natural (^S|ifciincinof )— x. IlarnoU, 084.
Vnilfd malm, Kvxna, SS8.
Telkurapii, Marine (Drawing of a Syttum of Sea
Hignali)— VIII. Dcmptter, 174.
Telgurai-h ItKuntTERH - f/niW -^'/i/fM, Ilogorii, 1'i7.
TeleohapiiicUelt*- ifo//i'rrm (l)i Siciiifiii K tlnUk«,
a52A.
Teleorapuic L1011TI10U8E— VII. Weill, 8d.
Teleohaphh, Chemical— /u/ZirreiA (I), Sivmcni &
Uul»ke, aS2A.
TBLE<inAPiiH, DoMKNTic -X. Hiirdctt, 42.1.
TKLEonAPiiH, Klkctric - Set Klirtric Tehi/rapfii.
TELEKUUI'IIONONORSt'EAKINuTELEClRAPU— X. WhilllBW,
410.
Tu.E8COPBa-x. Doyle, 303. Cnllaghan, 368. Chad-
burn, HrotlierH, 359. Crichton, 4a3. Dixey, 371.
Klliott & Sons, 33U. Ilarris & .Son, 149. Murratt,
409. Hein, 639. Richardson, 364. Ross, 354
(Main Avenuf, West). Salmon, 360. Varley St
Son, 357. Wray, .109.
Zi'llverein (4), Kiusellbach, 36. See also Anlronomical
iiilnimenli.
Telescope Glasses— x. Harris 8t Son, 149. Rcade,
354a.
Telescope Stands — x. Crickitt, 367. Renczynski,
661.
Tempest Pkoonosticator— x. Merry weather, 151.
Temple Church (Model)— xxx. (Fine Art Court) Day,
161.
Temples, Models of— xxx. (Fine Art Court) Fulton,
169. India, xxx.
Tennis Racquets— xxix. Jeffries, 184.
Tents and Marquees— Kastern End (Outside), Jubul-
pore School of Industry, (/n(/ta,viii.) viii. Diitlioil,
301. Richardson, 385. xiv. Morrison & Hum, 49.
Timis, 82.
Terra Cotta (Specimens of. Articles in &c.)—Willi)ck,
pajre, 85.1. i. Bank Park Pyropolite Works, 86. xxv.
Bell & Co. 26. Dimmock, 12. Marsh, 58. Meigli
& Sons, 10. Minton & Co. 1. Pratt & Co. 23.
xxvii. Bell & Co. 96. Betts, 23. Blanchard, 92.
Doulton & Co. 23. Fernley Iron Works, 102.
Minton & Co. 86. Pulham, 108. Willock, 8.
xxx. (Fine Art Court) Pulham, 316. Saiigiovanni,
83.
France, Devers, 818. Fox, 12.12. Graillon, 853. Hul-
stein, 876.
Spain, Gutierez de I^on, 281a. Pena, 283.
Zollverein (4). Staib & Wasseroff, 09.
Terralite Wake— Austria, Hnffzky, 013.
Terro-Metallic Articles- xxvii. Joues, 105. Peake,
123.
Tessellated Work— i. Meredith, 141.
Tethuoeons Pobrooraphes— FroHce, Uecy, 142^;
Thames Tunnel (Model)— vii. Doiikin & Co. 40.
Theatre, Her Majestv'8, Model of the Interior of—
Deighton, page 818.
Theodolites— VI. Muir, 200. x. Ci-ichton, 452. Elliott
& Son, 320. Marratt, 409. Watkins & Hill, 039.
Wilton, 402. Yeates, 332.
Austria, Vienna Polytechnic Institute, 130.
Canada, Joseph, 182.
Thermo-Klectric Batterv— .ZoHiereiii (1), S'e^s, 482.
Thermometers— X. Acland,3fi8. Huker,3')(i. liemutt, 1.
Brooke, 144. Cameron, 350. Casello & Co. 157a.
Dixcy; 271. Durham, 008. Green, 4 tc. Harris &
Sou, 14'.). Jones, 141. NoKrvtti It /umbN^
Newman, 074. Phillips, 411.
Zollverein lit). Albert, 'J:l.
Thimbi.ks (Ventilated) xxii. Marsdcn, 531.
Tiiisti.m I'urtuiial, Hiilhevhe, 54t.
Tiiohacitonk (Medical Inilriinient)- x. Barker, 040.
TiiRAsiiiNii-MACiiiNES V, Dodds Jk Son, 04. ix. BIyth,
154. Carpenter, 31). Clayton & Shtittleworth, 242.
Crosikill. 139. Davis, 40. Garrett & Sons, 143.
Gray & Sons, 150. Heiisiiian & Son, 149. Ilolnies
and Sons, '.'41. Horiiiby & Stm, J.'Cj. M'Cartncv
& Druminond, 24H. Hanioiiies Jk May, 124. Itudu,
157. Sargent, 20. Smith, 250.
Thread Counter, ur Linen Pruver x. Willati, T.
It It. 305.
Thread and C!«tton, 8kwin(1. See Sewiii;/ Thread.
Thread and I'ai-kh (British Vegetiilile Fibre for the
Manufacture of) -IV. Koliertsoii, 51.
Threads, Shoemakers' and Saddlers'— xiv. Ulla-
tlionies and Loiigstuffs, 00.
Thrkadwurk - iV(H(/ri/, 1105, 1100. See also Needle-
work.
Throne, African CiiiEr's Western Africa, Hutlon k,
Sons, 0. •
Throstlkh I'on Spinning- vi. Booth St Co. 3. Sharp,
Brothers, 15.
TicKKT-PBiNTiNd, &c. MACHINES —VI, Churcb & God-
dard, 135. Sclib'singer & Co, 108.
France. Baranowski, 15. .See also Uailwai/'lichet Vatimj-
machine,
Tickinu (for Bedding, 8ce.)—Beliiiiitn, Deroubaix, 339.
Marynen Vues, 227. Vorrlest, 314.
France, Sanson, 300. Scrive, Brolhers St Danser, 1000.
Taillandier. .187.
Netherlands, Tbeunissen, 39.
Portugal, Scotch Linen Trade, 705, 700. Torres Novas
Co. 008.
Zollverein (I), Schraidt & Co. 732. Stiller St Son,
127.
Tidal Indicator x. Ilvles, 190.
Tidal Staircase- VII. Uuitseil, 78.
Tide Gaiioe':! - x. Hewitsou, 152.
Tiles, Kncaustic— i. Quilluni & Crecr, 151. xxv. Min-
ton & Co. 1. XXVII. Allen, 08.
Tiles for Koofino, &c. (Various)— i. lioake, 60. ix.
Enniskillen, Karl of, 232. Griuisley, 130. xxvi.
Minton, 531. xxvii. Griffiths St Strong, 67. Key,
126. Brown, 117. Joues, 105. I^ivelace, Karl of,
87. Lull, 111. Minton & Co. 86. Sealey, 130.
Austria, MIesbach, 010.
France, Arauller, 405. Fox, 12^2. Roger, 1448. Thi-
bault Boilesve, l.'iC-'.
<S/)aiii, Gonzalez y Vails, 5.5. Tegr & Co. 54. &ealso
Drain- Tiles and Pipes.
Tile, &o. Machines— ix. Cottam&Hallon, 109a. Dean,
4._ See aha Urick ^ Tile Machines. Drain-Tile and
Pipe Machines.
Till (to prevent Fraud) -xxii. Nixey, 040.
Tillage-machine and Ikrioator— ix. llurcliam, 259b.
Tillers, Ships'— viii. Denham, 72. RolK'rtson, 18. See
also Rudders. Sieei infi-appuratusfor Ships.
Timber (Specimens oO— Main Avenue, West, iv. Grisor
& Co. 1.
Canada, Davis, 78. Henson, 79. Montreal Com-
mission, 80. ParisauU, F., 77. Parisault, J., 76.
Reed & Mcakins, 75. India, iv New lirunswich.
New South Wales, Bogue, 2. Francis, 5. Turheif.
Van Diemcn's Land, Deni^oii, Sir W.T.. 1-3, 73-77,
3.18-340. Kustoii&Milli};iU.,105,100. Hood, 1 1 1-120.
Hull, 208, 217-220. Watson, 340.
Wislrrii Africa, Weston, 1. .See also Woods.
TiJiiiKii '■ < AL'iiE, ^c. (for measuring standing Timber) —
X. / icook, 304. Davidson, 385.
Timber-, I FTi NO Apparatus -viii. Etrick, 327.
TiMBKK liooF (Model)— VII. Giles, 71.
'I'lMUER-SKAsoNiNU APPARATUS— VI. Hurt, 408. Rau-
Ronies & May, 146. .Squire, 407. xxvi. Squire,
27.1. See also liumellized Timber, Wood, Sea-
soned.
Timber Viaduct (Design for)— VII. Rose, 180.
DBBCRIBKD Of TBI CATALOOUI
evil
k /umbra, I6UA.
i-x. wm»u, T.
151. XXV. Min-
TiMHPir.(.°K«. Se* f 'Am'Ad and Timtpiecti.
TiMKPiKiK. Ktandn X. (Jrant, 4I>.
Tim— I. mm & VAh 411. W«ll)ornt, 4Sn. xxii, Perry,
el. 'iVrry ASoii, HOI.
Auiitriii, Vivnuk liiipvrial Minn, 'J.
IhiHvr, KolMirt h C». 1440.
HiiHuid, I'ariu Iinpvriul L'oppt'i" VVorkt, (1.
Siiiiiii, iMgq Miiivi, Sub-liiiDvctor uftiic, IH.
Uuiitd Stitln, Hr.iMer, ^>J4, h\ii.
Zi'llvMrein (I), I.ewy, lln>tlior« 198.
Tin, Mi.'HiATKor tiuuiti, Schlippt', 27.
Tin ()i«k I. Uulltho, 440. Colu, 604. Dlamoml, 457.
Phillip*, Smith, & Co. SOU. Ht. Auitvll Lnoul Com-
mutei', 4(19. SfcoomlM?, 454. Wi-lborne, 456, 470.
Jml, ri, I, Set aliio ^\'u^J'rl^m,
TiNcix'iiM—ii. Oreenlili, 134.
TiNioiL— />a»c«, Jandin, H87. Itotuirt & Co. 1440.
TiNPLATr. MANi'rACTunKM ' i. lliddiilph, 417.
TlNPLATR-WOIIKKHl' TooUl XXII. JuvklOII, .'111.
TiN-powDKft- ifoWwrm (I), Krimmelbviii and Uredl,
457.
TiN-aMKi.TiNo Machinkry- I. liolltho, 440.
TiN-HTONE-i. Ueadwin, 45').
TiN-WAHB-i. Truro IahiuI Committee, 4fi8. Welboriie,
455. XXII. UrifflthK, '254. Perry, «l. Terry &
Hon, nuiA. Walton & Co., 09.
Anstriii, llirsche 4.1U. Fraiict, Delignon, UliU.
Wntern ^rica, Jamleson, 2'i.
Zullvtrein (1), Lewv, lirotheri, 198. Zobel, 195.
TiN->vAiiK (Method oi Ornamenlina)— xxii. Aiibin, 063.
TiNNKU SiiKin'-lHON— XXII. Coruh>rth, 3'J'J.
AuHtria, Kleist, 424. Privileged Auociutiou of Manu-
facturers, 42;). ZallvereiH (I ), Atiman, 400.
TiNSKi. Obnamknts -France, Noel, 16(>9.
TiNTGHN AnuKV (Models oO-xxx. (Vine Art Court),
Lewis, 143. Morgan, 200.
Tipthgk-IIall Fahmkhv, Kf.i.vedon (Model) — xxx.
(Fine Art Court) Mcohl, 220.
TiBE Bab»— V, Dodds & Sou, C4. '
T188UE Paper— CAina, Copland.
ZoUverein (I), Iloesuh & Sou, 393, See aUo Pottery
Tiiuue Paper.
TiSBUGH (for Furniture, &e.y — France, Dauchel, 154.
Hess, 2(>3. Mourceau, 1008.
Tuacanij, Catauzaro, 04. Manetti, Brothers, CI.
Tobacco - III. Henson, 89. Biemner & Till, 41. Cohen
& Orr, 49. Uynnis, 46. Jonas, Brothers, 4'i. I>ambert
ti Butler, 40. Uiclianlsun, Drotliera, 53. Taylor, 45.
Algeria, Andre, I. Diipre de St. Maur, 23. Morin,
39. Oxeda ti Aqui, 40. Reverchoo, 44.
Belgium, Billiard, 70. Brovellio, 73. Lahousae, 80.
Plaideati, 71. Versuhawe, 79. CVinaifa, Levey, 73.
Ceylon. Egypt, 37.
Gre«c«, AlbaiiBii'on, 9. Cacoulidis, 11. Lapas, 10.
India, ill.
Nelherlandf, Linden, C9. Perria, Hudson. Thompson.
Russia, Uovdiniky, 77. Eydnrotf, 75.
South Africa, Mosa, 30.
Spain, Manilla, Society of. 350a.
Trinidad, l^rA Harris. Tunis, 49, 88. Turkey.
United States, Cooke & Sons, 318. De Ford Si '0>. 538.
Dill & Muchahcy, 373. Grant, 384. Hardgrove, 368.
Ludland, 389. Monahan & Beers, 349. Mooklar &
Childs, 8. Owens, 319. Ovler & Anderson, .305.
Hobiuson, 305. Stewart & Co. 303. Strattou, 183.
Warwick & Otey, 335. Whitlock, 309.
Van. Diemen's Land, Denison, Sir W. T. 34.
Zollverein (1), Carstaiijcn, 468. (0), Mueller, 11. See
also Cigars, Snuff,
Tobacco Boxe8— See Snuff' Sf TchacM Boxes.
Tobacco Pipes, Bowls, Tubes, !<ic,—i. 137a. xxii.
Mitcliell, Oil. XXV. Jieitch & Hammond, 59. South-
orn & Co., 39. Ycrbury, 308.
Ar tria, Biodek, 060. feiistallcr, 009. Flogc, 670.
llartmann,075. Infangev,076. LanR,601. Litschkc,
078. Partsch, Oil, 603. PetechacTier, 08" Tren-
tier, 063. Wojtech, 686.
Egypt, 2-8, 379, 303, 364. Hamburgh, Wcibke, .•<!).
Sardtnia, Strnuss, 80. 7i<ntii, 163.
Zollverein (I), Ziegler, Brothers, 784. (2), Held, 65.
Wludgtndcr, Bro>
WeUigbach, 671.
Scott, 148. Sbaw,
Hamburgh, \\\\int.
(8), Muhleiihach k Thewahl. lu.
tlivrs, U. See aUu Smuking Piiitt,
Toiurr Box— xxix, Johns. 51.
TuiiiNm -/i>;/v«r«tM (4), Utcht & Arnold, 97. W«klt,
39.
Tombac— Kyyp/, 36. «
ToNBi (DitlKiti for) -XXX. (Pinr Art Court) Truefltl,
75. Wtiblier, 1 10. See aUo StpuUhral MoHuments.
Stunt Tbmht,
ToNNAiic IN SiiiPa (Plan for Meusurcmcnt of)— viii.
Watson, 70.
ToNUUiN Bean— WrrtuA (^Mifinn, Siutchbury, 118, IIBA.
Trinidiut, Lord Harris.
Tool* (Carpenters' & other lidge Tools)— i. Kolly St
Co., 410. VI. Maidluw, 407. xxi. Huunah, 31.
Mathii-Km Ac Co., 35. xxii. Arniilage, M. & H,,
150. Atkiu Si Son, 305. Biggin & Sons, 319.
Illoomer ft Phillips, 170. Briggs, 145. Brookes &
Son, I lOA. Iltowu & Sons, I83. Butcher, W. & ».,
102. Chambers, 807. Cocker & Son, US. Cdtler,
317. Jowett, 170. Marples, 138. Muisden St Go.
169. Miirrison jlc Parker, 179. Spear K Jackson,
113. Sorby & Sons, 304. Warburton, 187. Ward &
Payne, 190. Algeria, Soual, 53.
Austria, Feldbauiner, 463. Hanscr, 483. K' ^nt,
509. Metx, 485. Keindo, 493. Schniidlehnrr, 455.
Sailer, 570. Weisa & Sou, 572.
Wertheim 573.
Canada, Ladd, IS I a. I^avitt, 160.
149. Wallace, 147.
FVance, Ooblenberg St Co. 1737.
43.
Jndia. vi. xxi. Noea Scotia, Archibald, 2,
Russia, Skalkin, 347.
Sweden, StuhllierK, 'i'l.
United States, Simmons & Co. 119.
Zollverein (1), Arns, 030, 037. Braunschweig, 091.
Christian, 034. Hulh, Filed, St Co. 033. Post, 61B.
Drbschloe Si Sons, 014. See also Saws.
Tools, Siiipwuiouts' - Canada, Montreal Commission,
80.
Tools (Various)— xxi. Baker, 90. Belcher, 43. Carr As
Itiley, 108. Hill, 47. Macpherson, 30. Moseley <k
Soil, 13. XXII. Blaku & Parkin, 193. Flather, 16 .
France, Dandoy, Goldeubcrg & Co., 851, 1797. Lena-
seigne, 1738. Maillaril, Lucq, It Co. 491.
Russia, Ekaterinburg Kngiiie Factory, 168.
Switzerland, Keigel, 3.
United States, Uliss & Co. 415. Brown St Wells, 959.
Van Diemen's Land, Millignn, 180.
Zo/Zceretn (1), Brand, 630. Braiiuschweifr, 031. Felde,
635. Hasanclever & Sons, 031 . Hilgvrs & Sons, 631 .
Luchhaus & Co. 631 . Post, 615. (4), Uoebel, 66.
Tooth Fobcbps— >S'ee Dental Instruments.
Toothpicks — PortifffrtZ, 54j-5dl.
Tooth Powder— <S'icjt«tr/aHrf, Gimper, 273. Soutter, 51.
United States, Cummings, 453. iS'ee also Perfumery,
Tooth-powder Uox — xvi. Allen, 36.
Tofooraphical Fainting — xxx. (Fine Art Court)
Caplin, 231.
Tobmaline— 2Wanw, Aiinuiiriati, 17.
Tornooraphy (Specimens of)— xxx. (Fine Art Court)
Martin, 282.
ToRTOISESHELL & TORTOISESHELL ARTICLES — Ceu/on.
Eastern Archipelago, Hammond & Co., 3. France,
Philip 080.
Trinidad, Ixird Harris.
TotmNKjuETS (Railway)- X. Brown & Son, 037.
Tow — IV. Trent, 41. Home, Biauconcini, 4.
Russia, Alcxandrovsk Imperial Manufactory, 19.
Ardamatsky, 98. Bukhareff, 104. Zempskoff, II 5.
Zollverein ( 1), Hornig, 723. <See also J7(W. Hemp,
Ropes, Cordage, ^c. String ^ Twine.
Tow-Bajs— XIV. ix)ckhart& Sons, 57.
Tow-Boat— Frrtwce, Lebel, 1300.
Tow-Sheetino— XIV. Curr&Co. 88.
Tow-vitbie— XIV. Salmoiid, 83.
Tow-Vabn— XIV. Gordon, G. & A. 82.
Towellinq— XI. Christy, 44. MoHride & Co. 6. xiv.
Canter, 36. Capper & Son, 95. Carter, Brothers, 36.
CVIll
ALPHABETICAL AND CLASSIFIED LIST OF ARTICLES
Fletcher, 36. Hattersley & Co., 36. Haxworth &
Carnley, 36. Jackson Sc Matthewman, 36. Pigott
& Newton, 36. How, 45.
Austria, Harrach, 235. Sardinia, Borzone, 4.'5.
Tower of London, after the Destruction of the Ar-
moury (Model)— vm. Hall, 271.
Tots (Various) — xxix. Biirsill, 216. Montanari, 122.
Spurin, 126. Trebeck,200.
Austria, Hallers, 652. Kietaibl, 653. Muller, 6S4.
Purger 655. China, Hewett & Co.
Hamburgh, Lowenthal & Co. 91. India, xxviii.
Zollverein (1), Bahn, 256. Gerlach, 252. Kummer,
817. Scheller & Weber, 663. Soehlke, 265. (2),
Eichner, 80. Issmayer, 26. Lang, 77. (3), De
Buenau, 35. (4), Blumhardt, 94. Buhrer, 69.
Dieterich, 96. Kuosp & Bache, 27. Rock & Oraner,
98. Roininger, 95. Wittich, Kemmel & Co. 82. (5),
Albert, 23.
Tracing-machine — x. Stephenson, 674a.
Trafalgar, Battle of (Moilel) — viii. Constable, 140.
Tram-Roads (New Moile of Paving Streets, &c., by
Trams)— VII Geary, 2.
Trame— .<4»s(rta, Cluviilla, 7 1.
Traneen Grass, Plaited — xx. Peasants of Wexford, 181.
Transit Instruments— -See Astronomical Instruments.
Transparencies- ZoZJvff' in (1), Trumpelmann, 789.
Transparent Curra — France, Husson, 542.
Transparent Music (used in Teaching) — x. Orooine,
549.
Transparent Shades — Zollverein (1), Schmidt, 809.
Transparent Silk— xix. Caley, J. W. & P. 119.
Transparent 'WRlTliio— Netherlands, Foon, 113.
Transplanting Machines— ix. Bates, 186. See also
Tree- Remover.
Traps, Pigeon-shooting — xxii. Rol)ertson, 665v
Traps for Rabbits— xxii. Gray, 571.
Traps, Rat— xxii. Robertson, 505.
Traps for Street Drains— See Sewer Traps.
Travancore's, Rajah of. State Palanquin (Model)—
India, v.
Travellers' Staffs — xxviii. Hodges, 72.
Travelling Belts— £<;,yp/, 299.
Travf;llino Cases— xvi, Byam, 23. Harrows, 43.
Smith & Son, 31. xvii. Byam, 144.
Travelunq Pouches— .<4«g<ria, Bubenitick, 120.
Traversing Jacks- v. England, 484.
Trays -fi/y;;/, 3.50-S52.
Tree-Guard— IX. UpfiU, 277.
Tree Remover (lor Transplanting large Shrubs & Trees)
— IX. Seaward, 51.
Tree Supporters— IX. Restell, 208.
Trees- iSpoj>, Castellon Agricultural Board, 132.
Trigonometrical Instruments— x. Gerard, lo9.
Trigonometrical Machines for marking out Cloth-
ing—x. Thompson, 363.
Trimming Carding Machines— vi. Steane, 70.
Trimmings, Gimp, &c.— xiii. Browett, W. & H. 80.
XIX. Kightley, 123.
Franc , Julhen, 1280.
Trinkets. See Gold ^ Silver Wares. Jewellery. Precious
Stones.
Trinity College, Cambridge (Model)— xxx. (Fine Art
Court), Brooker, 109.
Tripods— xxvi. Jones, 287.
TaiTURATiNo Strainers— XXII. Kent, 553.
Triturators— VI. Mackenzie, 314.
TnoEKfi—Egi/pt, 65.
Trombones— jB*tyt«»n, Maliillon, 175. France, Courlois,
463, 1163. Gaubot, 844.
Trowser Stuffs (Undescribed)— .Be/(?««ra, Lemaire-Des-
camps S: Vlissurt, 240. Lienart-Chaffaux, 242. Petit
Noel & others, 246-250.
Trumpets & HoRr— x. Gates, 520.
Austria, Hell, 16^. Belgium, Mahillon, 175.
Jr«nce, Courtois, 463 1163. Giiubot, 844.
India,x. Sweden, AUlbeig, 72. Switierland,ll\iehscher,
&6.
Zvllverein (2), Pfaff, 35. (3), Glier, G. 21. Glier &
Son, l'O. Herold, 19. Kleram, 18. Schuster, L. 22.
Schuster, M. 23. See also Cornet-a-Pisions.
Trunks, Portmanteaus, &c. — viii. Etrick, 327. xvi.
Finnigan, 29. James, 40. Jimison, 28. Kane, 62.
Last, J., 33. Last, S., 38. Lenny, 27. Meller, 73.
Motte, 37. Weir, 72. xx. Thomas & Brothers, 46.
XXVI. Pratt 403. xxix. Purdon, 39.
Austria, Groshopf, 343.
Canada, Dean, 1U2. Irwin, 196.
Spain, Morella Corporation, 232.
United States, Hickey & Tull, 58. Hill, 364. Mattson,
50. Van Dicmeiis Land, Rout, 152.
Zollverein (1), Scheller & Weber, 663.
Trusses, Bandages, &&— x. Atkinson, 605. Blackwell.
734. Bourgeaurd, 866. Bunney, 606. Coles, 660.
Eagland, 567. Ellis, 631d. Huxley, 598. Lindsey,
613. Longdon & Tubberer, 572. Miles, 568.
Newson, 675. Offord, 680. Salmon, Ody & Co., 594.
Salt & Son, 628. Spratt,612. Smith, 573. Tod, .589.
White, 587, 687. Wood, 737. xxi. Hilliard' & Co.,
34. XXII. Wright, 177.
France, Burat, Brothers, 79. Charbonnier, 115.
Spain, Jaren, 249.
Tubes and Tubing (Metal)— xxii. Bolton, 353. Everitt
& Son, 352. Lloyd, 357. Mapplebeck & Co., 370.
Massey &Co. 416. Winiield. 373.
Tubes, Whispering -X. Rein, 629.
Tubular Bridges (Drawings, &c., of)— vii. Bain, 34.
Sankey, 32.
Tunbridge Ware— xxix. Hollamby, 41. Russell, 40.
Tuning Forks— x. Greaves, 503.
Turbine (Model of a)— France, Fromont, 220.
Turf or Peat— See Peat.
Turmeric— II. Marshall, 68. •
British Guiana. Stutchbury, 28, 30. Ceylon.
China. Trinidad, Lord Harris.
TuBUiNO Lathes and Tools— Sec Lathes.
Turning, Patterns for — Hamburgh, Jantzen, 83.
Turning in Wood, &c. (Specimens of)— vi. Holtzapffel
& Co., 232. XXVI. Fleet, 24. xxviii. Hemphill, 158.
Johnson, 15. Mitford, 167. i4u«(rta, Kraftl, 677.
Canada, Bailey, 293. Dodd, 294. Parkes, Brothers,
186. SiM<rer/(jnrfi Meystre, 22.5.
Turkey. United States, Everett, 427.
Van Diemen's Land, Brown, 199. MIlHgao, 200-206,
227.
Zollverein (2), Baader, 74. See also Ivory Carving and
Turning.
Turnip-cutting Machines — ix. Burgess & Key, 237.
Carson, 110. Crosskill, 135. De Porquet, 202.
Digges La Touche, 263. Hay, 259c. Holmes & Sons,
241. Key & Mitchell, 237. Marychurch, 93.
Palmer, 48a. Phillips & Co., 252. Samuelson, 185.
Smith, 256. WeUlake & Co., 127.
Canada, Montreal Central Commission, 93.
Turnip Dibblers— ix. Digges La Touche, 263.
Turnip Plants, Prepauation for Preserving— ii.
Sturges, 88.
Turnip-sowing Machine— ix. Wilson, 249.
Turnips- III. Sutton & Sons, 112.
Turpentine— France, Flemry, 214.
Russia, Lisinsk Forest Institution, 83.
Spain, Flures, Calderon & Co., 241. <
United States, Jamison, 173.
Tusks, Elephants'— See Elephants' Teeth and Tusks.
Tweeds (for Trousering, &c.) — xii. & xv. Allen, 259.
Ballantyne&Son, 194. Bliss, 270. Bowman & Son,
231. Brown & Co., 409. Byers & Son. 232. Clapper-
ton, T. & G., 193. Cochrane, J. & W., 188. Ciombie
& Co., 228. Ualrymple. 240. Dixon, R. & T., 187.
Gilmour & Co., 203. Hartley & Son, 61. Inglis &
Brown, 191. Lambert, .30. L<icke, 15. Mncdona,
260. Morton, 160. Roberts & Co., 480. Sanderson
&Sibbald, 189. Sime & Co., 195. Watson, J. & A.,
477. Van Diemen's Land, Denison, Sit W. T. 136.
Twine— See Siring, ^-c.
TwineCanvas— XIV. Moore, 67.
Twist— XIII. Alsop, Kobins & Co., 48.
Portugal, Rio Vizello Co., 72.3.
Russia, Rabeneck, 1 73a.
Zollverein (I), Luehdorff & C>., 584. (3), Iloeffer,
41.
DESCRIBED IN THE CATALOGUE.
ok
, (3), UocflRer,
Tynemodth Castle (Model)— xxx. (Fine Art Court)
Morgan, 2b6.
Type (Specimens of)— xvii. Besley & Co. 195. Fair-
bairn, 9. Ferguson, Brothers, 90. Figgins, V. & J.,
124. Knight & Hawkes, 107. Miller & Richard,
150. Reed & Pardon, 184. Stephenson & Co., 182.
Watts, 164.
. Austria, Battagia, 366. Haase, 367. GoTemment
Printing OfBce (Vienna), 362.
Canada, Herbert, 18a. Palsgrave, 189.
France, Laboulaye, 895. Legrand, 584.
Netherlawia, Enschede & Sons, 79.
Riisiiu, Revillion, 3C1.
United Slates, Hobart & Robins, 399. Stanton Blind
Instilute, 270. Tobit, 395.
Zollverein (1), Beyrhaus, 144, Decker, 148. Haenel,
284. (3), Schelter, 183, (5), Dresler, 24.
Type, Calugbaphic— xvii. Caslon & Co., 78.
Type Founders' Implements — xrii. Besley & Co., 195.
Sardinia, Farina, 47.
Type-Founding, &c., Machines— vi. Harding &Co,102.
Zollverein (1), Leonhardt, 55. (3), Brockliaus, 13.
Hoffman, 12.
Type Moulds— xvii. Figgins, V. & J., 124.
Portui/al, Das Neves, 648-651.'
Type, fttusic- xvii. King, T. & J. H., 22.
Typhodeictor— x. Lloyd, CoU 322.
Typooraphicai. Engbavino (Drawings for) — France,
Cabasson, 785.
Typographical Ornaments— xvii. Besley & Co., 195.
Typographical Works — Belgium, Castermau & Son,
275. Hayez, 276. Lesigne, 279.
Zollverein (3), Barth, 179. (6), Zabern, 78. See also
Boohs.
Typography (Specimens of )— iSee Printing, Letter-press.
Uley Cultivators- IX. Barrett, Exall & Andrews, 128.
Grant & Co., 267.
Ultramarine— II. Dauptain, Gorton & Co., 63. Picciotto,
33. Kurtz & Schmersahl, 9.
Austria, Kutzer & l.iehrer, 24. Setzer, 23.
France, Bonze & Brothers, 772. Chapus & Richter,
795. Courtial, 807. Guiraet, 1620. India, i.
Zollverein (1), Curtius, 458. (2), Gademan, 12.
Leverkus, 875. Schruck & Uhlich, 15. WoUf &
Co., 17. (3), Saxon China Manufactory, 10. (4),
Breuninger&Son, 3. (6), Buechner, 1. (8), Roehr, 7.
Umber— I. Swcetman, 40.
Umbrellas and Parasols- xxix. Boss, 146. Evans &
Co., 148. Foster & Co., 149. Hargrave, Harrison
& Co., 147. Holland, 131. Jacobs, 183. Lewis &
AUenby, 141. Morland & Son, 306. Butter, J. &
W. 137. Sangster, W. & J., 136. Slark, IS.-i. Siears,
132. Waddington & Sons, 134. Wilson &Matheson,
133.
Austria, Herdt, 694. Rademacher, 695.
Belgium, Robert, 432. Ceylon.
China, Hewett & Co.
France, Cazal, 108. Charageat, 1144. Connerot, 1567.
India, %xix. Portugal, \127-1150. Tunis, 37, SI.
Umbrella and Parasol Sticks— .^Hstrio, Tiffe, 692.
WeiM, 692a. Zandra, 693. Zollverein (1), 257.
Undercuff, Isle of Wight (Model of)— Ibbetson,
page 651.
Union Suspension Bridge across the Tweed (Draw-
ing of)— VIII. Brown, Sir S., 334.
Upholstery— /See Furniture.
Upton-Lovel Bridge (Model)— vii. Chapman, 45.
Uranium— I. Johnson & Mattbey.477.
Vaccination Drawings — x. Badcock, 732.
Vacuum Gauges (for Steam Engines)— &e Steam and
Vacuum Gauges.
Vacuum Pans, &c.— Russia, Heke, 152.
Zollverein (1), Heckmann, 52. Siegert, 74.
Valerianic Acid and Valerianates — ii. Barnes, 45.
Valonia — Greece, Sophianos, 2. Zaphviakis, 1.
Valves— VI. Watson, 16J. xxii. Jennings, 810.
Vapour, Apparatus for applying— x. Downing, 634.
Vapour Baths— &e Baths.
Varnish, Leather— /S'ee Blacking ^ Boot Varnish.
Varnished Cloth— France, Langlade, 1650a.
Varnishes (Various)— ii. Blundell, Spence, & Co., 48.
Hayes & Co., 75. Naylor, 35. Tennant, 101. iv.
Barker & Co., 62. Bruce, 74. English's Patent Cam-
phine Company, Hull, 61. Manning, 63. Rea, 116.
Rose, 27. Penney, 64. Belgium, Wouvermans, 35.
China.
i^/anfe, Dida, 1189. Le Fevre, 1647. Leon, 305. Le-
tillois,1322. Pommier,1400. Renard, 1431. Soehnee,
Brothers, 380. Viard, 1 52 1 .
Tuscany, Querci, 21.
Zollverein (1), Gammersbach, Brothers, 8C0. (S), Ja-
godzinsky, 8.
Vases (Gold, Enamelled, &c.) — xxiii. Goodwin, G4. Sey-
mour, E. & J. 72. Watherston & Brogden, 105.
XXVI. Latham & Dighton, 251. Nicoll, 182. Seibe,
11. XXIX. Harding & Standfast, 81. Spurrier, 76.
Bahamas, Grant. Ceylon.
Vases (Marble, Terra Cotta, Iron, Bronze, &c.)— North
Transept, Minton, 50. Main Avenue, West, Tho-
mas, 68. Main Avenue, East, Wallis. xxii. Han-
dyside, 82. xxv. Battam, 53. Minton & Co., 1.
XXVI. Greverie, 255. xxvii. Bright, 80. Ferguson
&Co.. 93. Jepson, 1.12. Redfern, 78. Woodruffe,
77. xxx. (Fine Art Court) Daymond, 192. Pulham,
216.
Austria, Gottl, 724.
France, De Braux D'Anglure, 779 (Main Avenue, East).
Malta, Decesare, 27. Dimech, 28.
Rome, Norchi, 51. Trenta Nove, 52a.
Sireden and Norway, Hjula Quarry, 43.
Zollverein (I), Cantian, 235 (Main Avenue, East). Roya,
Prussian Iron Foundry, Berlin, 271 (Main Avenue
East). (2), Uoyal Porcelain Munufactury, 64.
Mauritius, Balkiield & Co. Russia, Sazikoff, 366.
Vases, Syphon (.for Aerated Waters)— xxvii. Mayo
& Co., 7.
Vats, English Oak (Models)— xxix. Hurrell, 46.
Vault Light— xxii. Barlow, 462.
Vegetable Fibres (of a Silky Nature)— ZoZ/i>erei« (1),
Holtzstamm, 48.
Vegetable Gas Apparatus- vii. Booth, 134.
Vegetable Gums— IV. Coovey, 70.
Vegetable Ivory (including articles in)— iv. Fatmtleroy
& Sons, 135. XXVIII. Taylor, 47.
Vegetable Meal— France, Begon, Brothers, 49.
Vegetable Oils and Manures— hi. Peterson, 66. See
also Cabbage Oil. Linseed and Linseed Oil and
Cake. Rapeseed Oil.
Vegetable Products of Scotland (Undescribcd)— hi.
Lawson & Son, 105.
Vegetable Tallow— iv. Price's Patent Company, 83.
Vegetable Wax— ii. Jennings, 99.
China. St, Domingo, Schomburgk, Sir R.
Vegetables, Wax. See Flowers, Wax.
Vegeto-Animal Food— III. Gentile, 108. St. Etienne,
138.
Vellum— XVI. Lever, J. & J. 24.
Vellum (Design on)— xxx. (Fine Art Court) De Lara,
243.
Velocimeter, Aquatic— United States, St. John, 542.
Velocipedes — v. Sawyer, 960. Watts, 991. Wilson,
995. United States, Rodgers, 496.
Velvets— XII. & xv. Uaughen, Brothers, 183. Bennett
& Co. 185. Lockw(K)d & Kei)ihley, 104. xill.
Brocklehurst & Sons, 38. Brooks, 26. Burke, 57.
Campbell & Co. 31. Casey & Philips, 23. Graham
& Sons, 17. Harrop & Co. 62. Hill & Co. 25. Le
Mare & Sons, 21 . Robinson, I. & R. & Co. 5. Robin-
son, J. & T. 6. Robinson, J. & W. &Co. 24. Seamer,
15. Stone & Kemp, 18. Swan & Edgar, 1 1 . xviii.
Law, W. & E., 10. Swan & Edgar, 9. xix. Ball &
Co. 19.
Austria, Blaha & Rosenbergcr, 231. Frohlich & Sons,
177. Grohnmnn, 178. Haas & Sons, 243. Lange &
Sons, 179.
France, Balleidier, 1065. Barth, Massing, & Plichon,
21. BroS!^e & Co. 1118. Fontainp, 1225. Giravd &
Co. 1248. Motte, Bossut, & Co., C54.
ox
ALPHABETICAL AND CLASSIFIED LIST OF ARTICLES
India, xiil. Netherlands, Warnar, 32.
Portugal, Martins, 919. Moureira, 918. Pitneutel,
923-935.
Russia, Lorteif, 204, Panteleeff, \1!S. Solovieff, 354.
iSar</i;uV»— Chichizola & Co. 39. Defferrari, Brothers,
44. Guillot & Co. 42. Molinari, 43.
Spain, Orduna, 214.
Hmilzerland, Silk Stuff Manufacturers, 153. Turkey,
Zollverein (1), Andruae, 360, 379. Fudickar, 596.
Gerlicli & Greiff, .537. Ldimann, 136. Lingeubrink
& Venuemann, 526. Marx & Weigert, 113. Men-
Scn, 581. Menghius, Brothers, 530. Morgenroth &
Imgroann, 532. Peltzer, 518. liappard >% Goesmann,
517. Scheibler & Co. 534. Schroers, .'il.'i. Weigert
& Co. 115. (3), Batr, 1.50.
Velvets, Printed— xii. & xv. Swaisland, 283,
Vblveteen — Russia, liabeneck, 173.
Vgneerino (New Method of)— xxviii. Meadows, 165.
Veneebino (Specimeus of)— iv. Scott & Co. 19.
Algeria, Cabanillas, 12. Belgium, Sivoii, 138.
Canada, Montreal Commission, 81.
France, Bernard, 1081. Volkert, 1532.
Hamburgh, Kail & Ballheimer, 108.
New Zealand — Lucas & Co., >i0.
Sardinia, Bertinetti, 61.
United States, Parmenter, 244.
Van Diemen'a Zawrf— Freeman, 2 10-2 16. Peck. 224-
226. Quiun, 95.
Zollverein (6), Andre, Brothers, 56.
Venetian Blinds— vii. Geary, 2. Quincey, 146. xxiv.
Mash, 54. xxvi. Avery & Dangar, 309.
VENEtiAN Stucco— xxvii. Orsi & Aimaui, 36.
Ventilating Apparatds — vi. Greig, D. & J. 114.
VII. Inglis, 199. xxii. Edwards, 387.
Belgium, Debaune, 131. Van Hecke, 480. >%« also
Chimneif Ventilating Apparatus, Coal-mine Ventila-
tion. Glass, Perforated.
Ventilating CuBTAiN-PuMP—vii. Hill, O. &J., 124.
Ventilators— XXII. Boobbyer, 6S(). Hayward, Brothers,
582. Price, 397. xxiv. Moore, 53.
Ventilators FOB Mines. See Mining Ventilating Ap-
paratus.
Ventilators, Window — vii. Naylor, 64, xxii. Moore,
595. See also Glass, Perforated.
Veratric Acid— ii. Morson & Son, 106.
Vebd Antique, Irish— i.TalbotdeMalahide, Lord, 145.
Vermicelli — See Macaroni.
Vebmin Destboyer— y4i(»tria, Dolleschal, 51.
United States, Lyon, 221. See also Insects, Fumigating
Apparatus for Killing.
Vetebinary Instruments. See Horses' Teclh, Instru-
ment for extracting. Jaw Li:ver.
Veterinary Medicines— France, Miramont, 1358a,
Netherlands, Jorritsina, 18,
Vices— VI, Mason, 46. xxii. Armitage, M. & II., 150,
Slirk, 74. Warden, 368. Wright, 360.
Austria, Teuflmayer, 494, Belgium, Mertens, 132,
Sweden and Norway, Bjork, 11,
VicTOBiA Tower, Kingstown (Model)— xxx, (Fine Art
Court) Russell, 327,
VicONA Cloth— XII, & xv. Bennett, J. & A. 95. Clay,
124. Hargreave & Nusseys, 28.
Vignettes- i'Vance, Doublet & Huchct, 821,
Vinegar— HI. Hills & Underwood, 7. xxix. .Mitchell, 94.
Austria, Wagenmann & Co. 19.
Canada, Gillespie & Co. 133. Ceylon.
i^rance, Courtin, 1570. Gregoire,'l739. Maire & Co.
317. Rigault, 1686. Russia, Schlippe, 27.
Zollverein (1), Jannasch, 836.
Vinegar Apparatus, Plant, &c. — vi. Hill, Evans, &
Co. 619. XXIX. Mitchell, 94.
VioLiv, Cl.wic Attachment to— x. Brooks, 705.
Violins- X. 289. Bcloe, 709. Belts, 619. Dearlove,
707. Forstt'r, 509. Guinness, 541. Purdy & Fiudt,
537. Spurgin, .542.
,• Austria, Bittner, 144. Cerveny, 157. Eurico, 147.
Herzliebj 140. i^eZyiiim, Darclie, 177.
.. Canada, Higgins, 18 J.
i France, Bernardel. 421. Husson & Buthod, 885.
Jacquot, 547. Russia, lludert, 171.
Sardinia, Rocca, 32. Switzerland, Pupinnat, 100.
United States, Geinunder, 442.
Western Africa, Iluttoii Sc Sons, 6.
Zollverein (2), Baader, 22. Neuner & Hornsteiiler, 33.
(3), Glier and Son, 20. Klemra, 18.
Violin and other Strings— x. Dodd, 503.
Austria, Callegari, 150. Indri, 151.
France, Bernardel. 421. Combes, 4r9. Savaresse, 997,
Zollverein (1), Reichel, Brothers, 442,
Violin and Violoncello Bows — x. Dodd, 543.
France, Simou & Henry, 1489, Vuillaume, 735.
Zollverein (2), Neuner & Hornsteiuer, 33, (3),
Klemm, IS,
VioLONCELix)8— X, Hcaps, 510, Gisborne, 507,
Austria, Ilittner, 144, llerzlieb, 146. Kosselt, 145.
Belgium, Darche, 177. Mahillon, 175.
France, Bernardel, 421. Jacquot, 547.
Hamburgh, Cellier & Son, 15.
Stritzertand, Pupinnat, 100.
Zollverein (2), Baader, 22. Neuner & Ilomsteiner
(3\ Klemm, 18.
Visiting Cabds, Designs for— xxx. (Fine Art Court)
Barclay, 285.
ViTBlOL. See Copperas. Muriatic Acid.
ViTRUM MARM0RIATU3I (for Table-tops)— XXIV. Ford,
40.
Volcanic Skories — Portugal, 118.
" VoLTA-SuBiTo," Turn-over Desk and Stand— x,
Tudsbury, 704.
Vote Recorders (Models of)— x. Chamberlain, 399.
Voting Telegraphs — United States, Smith, .5S6.
Vulcan Spring, fob closing Doors— vii. Mackenzie,
125.
Waddings — France, Candlot, 104. SeeaUo Gun Wadding.
Wafers— IV. Morrell, 58. xvii. Watergton, U3.
Austria, Berger, 380,
Waggons— See Carts and Waggons.
Waistcoats, Embroidered— xii, & xv. Allen, 259,
Forbes &Hutclii80ii, 291. Macilona, 260, Wliitehill
& Co,, 287, XIV, Tee & Son, 37, xix, Clowes, 150,
Gabriel, 70, xx, M'Gee & Co,, 118,
Zollverein (I), Dieckmanii, 612, Stietl'& Harrasi, 16],
Waistcoatings (Silk, Woollen, and oilier) — xi. Barlow,
Gooddy & Jones, 35, Johnson, 48, Spencer & Son,
52, XII. & XV. Brown & Forster, 9, Goodwin, II,
Helme, 207. Murlev, W. & C, 10, Scliofleld, 125,
Schwann, 1 1 5, Taylor & Son, 111. Tulson & Sons^
lie. XIII. Uubinson, J, & R. & Co, 5, Vanner, J. &
Son, 4. Washington & Daviss, 8. xiv. Cory & Co,
24, Tee & Son, 37,
Austria, he'mert,Z03. Bruder's Widow, 295, Ecliinger,
Biothers, 304, Kraal, 305. Mayer, Brothersi, 266.
Mestrozi, 267. Rockslioli, 300. Wogfecb, 274.
France, Croco, 809. Dehncliy, 140. Vigoruux, 728.
Viviery & Co., 1529. India, XV.
Portugal, Daupios and Co., 853-859. Pimentel,
951-953. Russia, Lorteif, 204.
Sardinia, Crocco, Brothers, 50. Zollverein (1), Bock-
muelil, 58G. Boeddingliaiis anil Co., 572. (I'rave 8e
Neviandt, 591. Heymaim, 575, Neuhaiis, 577. llur-
mann & Meckel, 5S0. Sclmlte, 675. Tack &Peliaiens,
674. Weber & Metzfjos, 569. (;)), Kraiue, 147.
Wales (Prin-ce of) and Royal Children. Statues of —
xxx. (Sciil|iliire Court) Thotiieycroft, T. & M., 34.
Portrait of tlie Piiiice of Wales in hair, xxill.
Hanssen & Co., 124. Chair in honour of the Prince
of Wales, XXVI. Le Mercier, 181.
Wales', Prince of, Shield — Main Avenue, East. H.R.H.
Prince Alburt, 98, Casts from the Shield, Zollverein,
(1), Kraiise, 278.
Walking -Sticks and Canes— viii. Pearce, 330. xvi,
AtkJHson&Eluiiil.SO. Ca8e,3l5. Martin, 81. xxix.
C.irpL'ut(!r, 143. Cluriie, 14. Dean, 128. Jacob',
183. Meyers, 140. Preston, 145.
Austria, Ludwig, 679. Hartnianti, 075. Pfcifl'er, 681.
Tantz, 0«5.
British Guiana, lie?, 150. Duggin, Mb-l-ISA.
China, Carpenter.
DESCIUBED IN THE CATALOQUE.
oxt
upianAt, 100.
3. Savarcsse, 997.
AND Stand— X.
XV. Allen, 259.
859, Pitneiifel.
France, Bujtre, 112;t.
Hamburgh, Harter an Hubeii, 87.
South Africa, Brides, il. Haubury, 28, Groeiikloof
Missionary Stiitiuii, 43,
Trinidad, I^rd Harris.
Tiiscanu, Tout!, 101. United States, Peckham, 320b,
Vanliiemen'a Zanrf, Denison, Sir W. T. 30J. Marriott,
307. Screen, 305.
Zollverein, (I), Lusk, 140. Scliulz, 593. (4), Hcitlinger
91. (li), Frank, 61. See also Medical Walking Staff.
Walking-Stick Bottle, with Wine Glass — xvi.
.Martin, 81.
Walking-Stick Stool, &c. — xxn. Learwood, 578.
Walking-sticks, Electro-Galvanic— x. Winter, 423.
WwhETS—Egi/pt, 244-.246.
Walnui^Oil — Sardinia, Girardi, Brotliers, 5.
Wab-enoine (for Discliarging Boll-Cartridges) — viii.
M'Gcttiick, 288.
Wardrobes — See Furniture.
Wardrobes, Travelling- xxvi. Pratt, 403.
Warlich's Patent Fuel — i. Patent Fnel Company, 230.
Warmbrunn and other Places (.Models of, iuCumposi-
tiou)— Zollverein (I), LUM, 270.
Warming Apparatus— VI. Pi ill, 631. xxii, Nunn,
7(J3. France, Foiidct, 508.
See also Atmopi/res. (' ■< ( oking ami Warming Appa-
ratui. Hot-Air Apparatus. Hot-Water Apparatus.
Warping-machines- VI. Hall & Co., 90. Dickens, 62.
Jordan, 29.
Warwick Vase (Copies oO— xxx. (Fine .\rt Conrt)
Norclii, 30'J. Eii ia, Heke, 329.
Zollverein (I), Itoyal Prussian Iron Foundry, Berlin,
27 1 (Main Ave:iue, East).
Wash-hand Basins — xxii. Haldane & Rae, 432.
Wash-Stands— XXII. Fearncombe, 160a. xxvi. Cattle,
20. Riddle, 14.
Washing, Drying, Ironing, &c., Machines for — vi.
Manlove & C»., 454. Marsden, 317. xxil. Adams,
538. Fryer, 546. Macul])ine, 548. Nunn, 703.
Pearson, 541. Price, 535. Price, V., 397. Reid,543.
Talker, 539. France, Cliarles fie Co., 117.
Watch and Chronometer Works, &c.— x. Brookes, 25.
Bryson & Sons, 665. Chevalier, 23. Dell, Brotliers,
100, Hart & Co, 113. MacDoual, 67. Philcox, 22.
lioskell, 123. Tobias & Co. 78.
France, Clemens-Bourgeois, 455, Montandoii, Brothers,
601.
Switzerland, Bandelier, 6. Darier, 76. Lecoultre &
Golay, 263. Paquet- Fazy, 105.
Zollverein (4), Baclier, 17.— See also Clock and Watch
Works,
Watch Dials— x. Hinton, 62,
Watch Glasses — xxiv. Ross 8c Co. 1.
France, Burgun, Waller, & Co. 39.
Watches — x. Adams & Sons, 2. Aubert & Klaftenberger,
52a. Bell, 679. Bolton, 94. Copland. 46a.
Cousens & Whiteside, 86. Cragg, 8. Davis, 30.
Delolme, 19. Dent, 55. Donegan, 52. Elisha, 39.
Frodsliam, 57. Fuller, 592. Funnell, 26. Gibbs, 21.
• Gowland, 27. Hutton, 7. Jackson, W. H. & S., 32,
Jones, 64; 338 Strand, 699. Loseby, 12. Marchand.
71. Parkinson & i'rudsham, 35. Pettit & Ci>. 81.
Roberts. 130. Rotherham & Sons. 124. Tanner, 28.
Tobias & Co. 78. Vieyeres & Refrincnn, 91. Walker,
697. Walk Ins, 85a. Yates, 9. xxiii. Harvev &Ci>. 92.
Hunt & Roskell, 97. Martin & Co. 2. Ph'illips, Bro-
thers, 87.
France, Boyer, 69. Fraigneau, 1606. L,efebvre, r)77.
Leou-Clement& Bourgeois, 306. Paget, 337. Pesclie-
loclle-^'avin, 344. Rieussec, 1685.
Switzerland, Aubert, 73. Audemars, 22. Baron &
Uhlman, 74. Bock, 31. Bovet, 13. Dely, 16.
KllVotb, 78. Evard, 29. Fatio, 79. Figuet Brothers,
266. Golay, 220. Grosclaude, 24. lunod, Brotliers,
7. Kopp, 17. Kramer, 268. Mercicr, 96. Mermod,
Brothers, 15. Meylan-Golay, 98. Moser, 20. PeiK l
& Son, 21. Piquet, Brothers, 273. Rauss & Colomb,
14. Taillard, Brothers, 267. Vaucher, 28.
United Slates, Jacot & Courvoirler, 381 ,
Zollverein (1), Dorer, 343. (3), Lange. ' 7. (4), Baclier,
17. — See also Chronometers, Marine; Chronometers,
Pocket; Chronometers, Jiailwai/.
Watches (Models ofj— x. Bryson & Sons, 154.
Watchmakers' Tools & Machinery— x. MacDoual, 07.
Sardinia, Benoit, 33.
Sweden, Lidber)r, 76.
Su)j(zer/anrf, Darier, 61. Pajjan, 64. Slatzer, 03.
WatcH' making, Jewellery, &c.. Designs ion— Swit-
zerland, Dubois, 43.
Watep-carts— V. Geary, 846. vii. Geary, 2. ix.
Coode, I5Ja.
Water-closets-viii. Macdonald, 329. xxii. Aberry,
529. Chambers & Robbins, 53:i. Downlon, 530.
Green & C , 532. Guest & Chrimes, 524. Haldane
& Rae, 432. Hanson, 702. Jennings, 810. Lambert,
534. Stokes, 252. Warner & Sons, 798. Wiss, 525.
France, Guinier, 252.
Water-closets (Service-box applicable to) — xxii. Rosin-
dale, 516.
Water Colours — xxx. (Fine Art Court) Robertson &
Co. 6. Sweden, Hasselgren, 97. Switzerland, Gwiu-
ner, 50. See also Colours, Artists', ^c.
Watering Roads and Streets (Machines for) — viii.
IVuscoit, 289. IX. Read, 89. See also Street Water-
ing-Cart.
Water- Jets — France, Plasse, 1394.
Watermarks in Paver (Improvements in)— xvir. Saun-
ders, 36, 160.
Wateb-Meters— V. Billinlon, 468. x. Brown, 335. See
also Hydrometers.
Water-bull (}Aa<ie\)— Netherlands, Wal, 94.
Water-power for grinding Corn (Improvements in)
— IX. Paxtoii, 1 25. See also Water- Wheels.
Waterproof Fabrics (Various) — vi. Brown, 56. ix.
Bell & Co , 197. XII. & xv. Martin, 249. Stanton &
Son, 224. XIV. Morrison & Hum, 49. xxviii. Wans-
borough, 75. /'Vance, Gilbert, 237. Moreau, 1361.
See also Caoutchouc.
Waterproof Coating Painting— Irance, Paradis De
Roulz & Co. 340.
Waterproof Paper— xvii. Martin, 29.
Waterproofing Composition — xvi. Hodges, 184.
Stoilzerland, Laiittrberg, 48.
Water Purifiers— xxii. Bird, 267. See also Filters.
Water, Supply of, to Towns (Models) — v. Turner,
428. XXII. Turner, 520.
Water Tanks (Models) — vii. India.
WATER-yABK— United States, Salt & Mear, 203.
Water Wheels (Moilels) — v. Devon Great Consol Copper
Mining Company, 418. Kiskiiie, lOO. Ferguson, 78.
Stevens, 136. Warner & Sons, 424. WiRht. 480. ix.
Smith & Co., 260. x. Adcock, 364. India, vii.
United States, Griffin, 144.
Wavertree Church (Model)— xxx. (Fine Art Court)
Lascelles, 18,
Egypt, 116.
Carvalho, 617. De Ficalho,
183.
Cock,
Hold-
Wax— .4H«/rta, Reali, 101.
Netherlands, V'tmer, 17.
Portugal, Brele.«, 620, 622.
Marquis, 618, 619, 621.
liussia, N. N. 85. Spain, Colmenero, 182. Tunis,
Turket). See also Bees' Wax. Vetjetahle Wax,
Wax Baskets — Zollverein (I), Kmmteich. 261.
Wax Blossoms of Fruit — Madeira, Ferraz, 2,
Wax, for Etching — xxx. (Fine Art Conrt)
147.
Wax Figures— xxx. (Fine Art Court) Allin, 199.
ing, 2 1 7. Montanari, 224. Soniies, 277.
Austria, Schlater, 701.
Malta, Darmaniii & Sons, 2G. Polito, 34. Mexico,
See also Hairdressers' J'igvres.
Wax Flowers— ^'er /■/niiers, Wax.
Wax, for M<ii)i i.i.i.so Flowers— xxix. Lemare, 79.
Wax Mdiu.i.s— xxx. (Fine Art Court) Bursill, 60.
Fraiwi; Chomereaii, 122. Barhadoes, Elwell,
Wax Paintings— i-Vance, Vivet, 734.
Wax Portraits — xxx. (Fine Art Court) Morrison, 276.
Rouw, 294.
Weapons (small-arms and other)— .(4i/«trta, Preis, 117.
Reidler, 110.
British Guiana, Arnott, 142-144, 145a, Duggiu, 141.
oxii
ALPHABETICAL AND CLASSIFIED LIST OF ARTIfi^ES
|;
Ceuhn. New Zealand, .loore, 37. Turkey.
Western Africa, AclantI, Sir T, D., 1 7. Hiitlon & Sons,
6. JamieKoii, 22. McWilliam. See aUo Guns, PistoU,
frc Swords.
Wbarino Apparei. (Voriou«)— xi. Cross & Co. 47. xii.
& XV. AU)ert, H.R.H. Priiicr, 5U0 (Main Avenue,
WeHt). BIakely,285. Clarke, 432. Fyfe&C)., 197.
Knox, 197a. Mason & Co.. 30 1. Ruiney &Co.,198.
Smith & Whyte, 459. Taylor & Son, HI. Weblw 8c
Hairs, 277. xm. Cross, 32. xiv. Beale Brown, 77.
XIX. Patvnt Utrecht Co., 265. xx. Beale&Latclimoie,
2U4. Birt, 153. C'liaii, 74. Caplin, 32a. Capper &
Son, 45. Capper & Waters, 21. Clowes, 150. Cody, 64.
Cutler, 09. Dincley, W. &S., 115. Doudney, 113.
Firkins & Co., 163. Fry, 116. Gates, 72. Goulding,
110. Hunis&Tomkins, 111. Hill, 107. Holmes &
Co., 84. Hurley, 73. Kearse, 175. Kelly & Co., 178.
Kiacli,65. Laurence, 158. Lee, IIOa. Lewi8&Siiii,114.
M'Rae, 128. Martin, E. & E. H.. 42. Nairn, 179. Ne-
ville & Co. 7 Powell, 26. Redgrave, 164. Robert, 130.
Solomon, 86. Stewart, 177a. Tliompsoii & Son, 6i.
Vincent, 177. Warner, 31. Walker & Babb, 63.
Walsh & Co., 109. Watts, 108. Wheeler & Ablett, 22.
XXII. Hardman & Co., 700. xxvi. Hurdman & Co.
532. XXVIII. Cording, 82.
Algeria, Uen Zekri. 7. Beiii Abbes Tribe, 53. Bernar-
don, 8. Bou Taleb Tribe, 54. Caid Ben Zekie des
Seignas, 61. Cherif Ben MImoun, 60. Drides Tribe,
65. Mohamed Ben Acliir, 62. Si Ali Bel Lamouchi,
65. Si Amon Bel Onatat; 64.
Austria, Bruder"s Widow, 295. Bndinsky, 393. Her-
manustadt Trade Union, 398. Jenny & Schindler,
183. Klamer, 184. Krach, Brothers, 391. Mala-
tinszky, 394. Nessel, 395a. Neubert, 299. Oestrei-
cher, 396. Rigo & Kraetsclimar 395. Sulnamm, 397.
Seitter, 399. Singer, 392. Volkmunn, 190.
Belgium, Weil, Meyer, & Co., 336.
Canada, Adams, 331. Bell, 173. Henderson, 107, 332.
Herbert, 18a.
China, Bowring. Daniel. Hewitt & Co.
Denmark, Fjelrad, 8.
Egypt, 190-194. 197, 281-283,285-294,320-324,327,
328, 332, 333, 336.
France, Brie & Jeofrin, 780. Cherif Ben Mimoun,
1560. Cochois & Colin, 124. Cocu, 125. Damet,
1578. Depoully, 1586. Doual, 11 'J2. Doucet &
Duclerc, 147. Haraud, 863. Hayem, 1265. Martel,
GeolTrey & Valensot, 921. Meyruers & Son, 639.
Miion, 930. Mohamed Ben Suluh, 1663. Mohammed
Ben Achir, 1662. Molyn Lesoiief, 1359. Mureau &
Co., 652. Opigei & Chazelle, 336. Parimit & Co.,
673. Reynier, Cousins, 143,'). Si Ali Ben I^monchi,
1695. Si Amon Ben Onat, 1694. Si HamiUi, 1696.
Tailbouis, 385. Valtat & Rouille, 709.
Greece, Saris & Rengos, 56.
Hamburgh, Kupp & Kroll, 41.
India, xv. xx. Ionian Islands, Lady WoodA rd, I.
Jersey and Guernsey, Dobree, 3'^.
Malta, Dimeck, 21. Feneck, 6.
Nova Scotia, Central Committee.
Persia, Araman. Thompson.
Bussia, Kerhalay-Hoosseiii-Ogli, 279. n. n. 280. Prok-
horotr, Brothers, 349.
Sardinia, Forno, 51. Gandolfi, 95.
Society Islands, Queen Pomare, 2.
South Africa, Deane & Johnson, 19. Moag, 29.
Schmieterloew, 12.
5;>ain, 235. Ciirborell, 290. Fister, 222. Lucena Cor-
poration, 231a.
Sweden, Forsell, 109. Gulda, 108.
Switzerland, Brudercr, 118, Hanselmann, 165.
Tunis, 1-12, 22, 23, 41-44, 47, 48, 94. Turkey.
United Slates, Haight, 385. Jeimiiigs & C>., 118.
l.eask, 108. Rallnigs, 398. Shepherd, 10. Simmons,
303. Thornton, 227.
Van Diemen's Land, M'Kenzie, 167, 170. Slieglitx, 168.
Tooth, 169, 171.
Western Africa, Forbes, 8. Hiitton & Sonn, 6.
M'William. Rothery, 4. Townsen.l, 11. Trotter, 5.
Zollverein (1), Boeddinghau* & Co., 572. Levin &
Sons, 114. Neviiindt & Ptieiderer, 523. Zeitz, 841.
(2), Geblmrt, Brothers, 42. (3), Lnther, 187. See
u\m> Bonnets, Boots aiul Shoes. Gloves. Gaiters.
Hats and Caps. Ready-made Linen. Shawls. Stays
and Corsets. Waistcoats.
Weavers' Heudles — United States, Sennel, 75.
Weavino-Caros — Sfiain, Alenian, 254. Deu, 253.
Weavino-Comds— irance, Buvarot & Son, 800. Durand
& Bal, 829. Henry, 536.
Spain, Carreras y All)ericli, 232. Tuscany, Cuyere, 59.
WEAViNa-MACHiNES— .See Hand-Looms. Loums. Power-
Looms.
Weaving, Specimens of (Various)— xi. Walmesleyj 51.
XII. & XV. Rogerf, 472.
Zollverein (6), Klein, 63. Rust, 68.
Weaving and Spinning Instruments (Undescrihed)—
Gold Coast and Ashantee, Forster & Smith, 1.
Webbing, Elastic— xx. Hall, 4.
Webs and Webbing— xii. & xv. Bliss, 270. Bridport
Local Committee, 73. Early, 269. Gaudy, 246.
XVI. Taylor, 269. xx. Thomas & Brothers, 46.
Ceylon,
Webster, Daniel, Plaster Cast oi— United States,
Chickeriiig, 56'i,
Wedding-Cake Ornaments — xxix. Vine, llfi.
Wedding Cakes — xxix Gunter, 112. Moore & Murphy,
'J32.
Wedges— viil. Bcimett, 293.
Weed-destrotino Machines — ix. Fleming, 253. Grant
& Co., 267.
Belgium, Delstanehe, 510. India, ix.
Weeping Cvpress (with .Specimens of the Wood) —
Eastern End (Outside), Stundish & Noble, 100.
Weft (Undescrihed) — Portugal, Rio Vezello Company,
721, 722, 724.
Weigh-Bbidges— IX. James & 0>., 86.
Weighino-Machines- -V. Cartel!, 766, Craig, 776.
Davidson & Co., 774. Day & Millwaril, 772. Donba-
vand, 782. James & Co. 411. Medhurst, 780,
Morris, 764. Nicholl & Co., 770. Pooley, 784.
IX. Grant & Co., 267. James & Co., &6. Mapplebeck
& Lowe, 131. Maynard, 109. Smith, A. & W. &
Co.,266. x.Macpherson, 684a, Webster, 671a, Young
& Son, 366. XXII. Marriott, 795.
Weights and Measures (including Scales, Beams, &c.)
—I. Cadell, 256. Nicholl & Co., 770. x. De Grave,
Short & Fanner, 333. Siebe, 358. Tree & Co., 324.
XXII. Elliott, 151. Tyler&Soii, 401. Warner & Sons,
798. Austria, Pfleiderer, 476. Schmidt, 105.
i?e/^{Hn), Sacre, 504. Canada, Ladd, 151a.
Egypt, 162, l(i3, 163.
France, Beranger & Co., 761. Conservatoire des Arti et
Metiers, 1568. Parent, 944.
Gold Coast and Ashantee, Forster & Smith. 1. .
India, v. Netherlands, Becker, 83. '
ifussio, VesofllchikolV, 173. Tunis, 37.
United States, Bache, 395a, Insler, 161.
Western Africa, Ueecham, 12. Hulton & Sons, 6.
Zollverein (1), Bunmaim, 76. Uroemel, 705. Oertling,
87. Reimann, 86. See a,\ao Decimal Scales. Diamond
Balances
Weld — Spain, Martinez, 145,
Well-block— ri/nis, 86, 164.
Well-boring Apparatus— vi. Beart, 301. Speller, 330.
Wellesley, Marquis of, (Statue of) — Weekes, page
833.
Wellington, Duke of (Busts and Statues oO— Milnes,
page 850. Elkini^ton &Co., page 848. xxill. Wid-
dowson & Veale, 100. Ritchie, 193.
Wesley, John, Bust of— xxv. Hughes, 60. Statue of,
XXX. (Sculpture Court) Manninj.-, 73.
Westminster, Designs for a IIuidoe at — vii. Hunt
& Gandell, 37. Rovere, 163. Russell, 78.
Westminster, Design for Improvements — xxx. (Fine
Art Court) Itardwell, 175.
Whale, Jaw-bone of — Van Diemen's Land, Moses, 207
(Main Avenue, West).
Whalebone- IV. Hornn, 103. Westall & Co., 104,
United Stales, Goddard, 537.
Van Diemen's Land, Moaes, 237. ^
DESCRIBED IN THE CATALOGUE.
cxiii
, Walmeslexi 51.
— United Statet,
iniiig, 253. Grant
:n1es, Beams, &c.)
60. Slutue (if,
Lam-
6'ee
70.
80. Callow & Son,
XXIX. Callow & Sun,
Whale-fibhino Implements— XXII. Iloultrn & Son,
330.
Whale-Gun— VIII. Bea<loii, 90. See alw Ilarpoon-Gunt.
Whale-Oil— See Oils {mrioiit).
Wheat — See Cum.
Wheat-dressing Machines— See Corn ^ Grain Dress-
ing Machines.
Wheat (Remedy for the Smut in)— ii. StnrReM, 68.
Wheat-Straw Paper, &c.— iv. Wriglit & Co., 4J.
Wheel Bands, Gut— v. Holier, fi39.
Wheelbarrows— VII. Ell, U4. ix. Ellii, 29. Wimhn,
;<6.
Wheei,-Chaibs— .?ee Invalid Wheel -Chairs.
Wheel-cutting and Uividing-Knoine — vi. Lewis &
Sons, '209.
Wheeler's Patent Condensers— vi. Hulls, 618.
Wheel-frame— if H»»ia, Imijcrial Coach-making Esfa-
blishmeiit, 154.
Wheels, Carriage, Cart, and Other (Morlels, &c.) —
V. Brown, Marshall, & Cj., 812. Crosskill, fc2r..
(iomperiz, fia.'. (irisiliile, 858. Jacksdn, 682. Lee,
5U7. Sliilton, 966. ix. Crosskill, II. x. Broadhent,
122.
Sweden, Bernhardt, 87.
Van Viemen'n Land, Fra»er, 10.
Wheem for Gun-Cabriaoes— v. Smith, 972.
U'heels, Metal— v. Eastwood & Frost, 672. xxii.
Lucas & Soil, '204a.
Wheels, Noiseless (Vulcanized India-Rubber) — v.
Mark', 908. Tilhury, 984. xxvi. Ward, 279.
Whetstones — i. Scrampton, 8'2. ix. Seal, 262.
Behjiiim, Cullette Doucet, 5. Dupierry, 494.
berty. Brothers, 23. CanaJu, Logan, 1.
Turkey.
Zollverein (I), Schumacher, 93. Wagner, 104
also Grindnlones ; Hones.
Whipcords— XIV. Wall, E. & T.,
Whips — xvi. Atkinson & Eldrid,
3U8. Ciise, 313. Martin, 81.
83. Stark, 135.
Austria, Griess, 341. Manscliiin,
C«narfa, Tlirelkeld l(i(>.
India, xvil. Netherlands, Post & Wendt, 55.
South Africa, Bridges, 21. Hanbury, 28. Groenkloor
Missionary Station, 43.
United States, Rowe, 326. Marshall, 159, 160. Wise-
man, 130-132.
Zollvtrein ( 1 ), Becherer, 141. W irtb, 8 1 9.
Whipthonos— XXIX. Barnes, J. & W., 1 5.
Whithy Abbet, Ruins (Model of) — xxx. (Fine Art
Ciiurt) Robinson 1'2U.
White Island (Model in Sulphur) — New Zealand, Ligar,
27.
White-lead and White-lead Ore — i. 59. Dyer, 62.
Potter & Co., 87. Whittaker, 53.
Austria, Bigaglia, 34. Diez, 33. Egger & Co., 31.
Herbert, .10. BeUiium, Brasseur, 42. Dehbaudt, 39.
France, Bouze & Brotliers, 772. Maire & Co., 317.
Poelman 961.
Netherlands, Poortman & Visser, 2. Stratnigh & Co ,
3. Sardinia, Profumo, 14.
United States, Welherill, Brothers, 43.
Zollverein (i), Bischop & Bhodius, 312. Patent Manu-
factory, 5. Walilthausen, 320.
Whytock's Patent Velvet (Portiere made of) — xix.
Henderson &VVidne1l, 2U1.
Wicker Table-mats— ^iistrta, Kumpf, 658. Wunsche,
639.
WiCKER-WoRK. See Baskets ^ Basiet-Work.
Wicks for Stearine Candlf.8 — France, Nicod &Son,
663.
Wios-xvi. Beck, 247. Bouchet, 246, Brown, 300.
Browne, 245. Burgess, 244. Carles, 251. Causse,
2J9. Douglas, 297. Gates, 183. Hewlett, 238.
Isidore & Brandt, 253. Madden & Black, '256.
Mantel, ,321. Miissn, 260. G'Leary, 205. Pigott,
'201. Prcvost,2J0. Hobey,2G2. Rossi, '248. Tvzack
26-1. Winter, 249. Worn, 255. xxvin. Triitflit,
62. France, Croisat, 1;') 74. Thibierge, 695.
Netherlands, Coucke, 67.
342.
Unil'd States, lUmrgun}, 309. Clirehugh, 133. Gilbert,
42. Plialon, 31.0. See also Hair, Artificial.
Wild-fowl Decoy (Model)— xxix. Down, 267.
Wild-fowl Shooting, Gums, Punts, &c., foh- viii.
Hawker, 205. Wilkinson & Son, 2UU. iS'efl also
Stanchion Guns.
Willow, -BARK — France, Leroux, 308.
Willow-straw — Austria, Tamassia, 07.
Wilton Church (Model)— vii. Wyatt & Brandon, 220
(Main Avenue, West).
Wince fob climbing Pbecipicls (Model)— viii. Hub-
bard, 180.
Winchester, Earl of, a. d. 1215 (Model) — xxx.
(Sci.lpture Court) Westmucott, 74,
Wind-Dials — x. Hennett, I. <^u;e(fen, Adm. Kriuger, S.'i.
Wind-Guards for Chisiney-tops— vii. Green, 1^6.
Grisdale, 58. xxil. Edwards, 387. Jersey and
Guernsey, Diipre, 9.
Winding and Cleaning Engine— vi. Davenport, 81).
Winding-machines (Cotton)— vi. Marsland & Co., 47.
Paterson, 28. France, Riitler & Son, 1438.
Wind Instruments. See Cornet-a- Pistons, Vphicleides.
Trumpets ^ Horns, ffc. ^c.
Windlass Purchase- viii. Brown, len(,x & Co., 30;i.
GlaJiione, 182. Wood & Co., 102. xxii. Wood,
Brothers, 75. .
Windlasses, Ships' — viii. Belteley, 63, 97, Brown,
Lenox, & Co , 61. Cotlew, 98. Hastings, 114.
Soulby, 110.
Windmills (Moilels, &c.)— v. Terrelt, 126. Vallance,
127.
Window-Blind Rollers, Pulleys, &c.— xxii. BryUen &
Sons, 45. Jenkinson, 594. Long & Co.j 290a.
Window-Blinds (Spring-bolleb)— xxii. Azulay, 597.
XXVI. Kobelt& Sons, ,316,
Window-Bunds, Tbanpparent and Paimted— xxvi.
Harris, ."JOS. Heasman, 52. NohI, 400. Wells, 232.
Trance, Bacb-Peres, 1061. Hoen, 261. Morgant, 1726.
Hamburgh, Boekel, 116,
Zollverein (1), Bengen, 234. Wamj) & Schroeiler, 2.^9.
See also Metal Blinds, Ferforated Blinds, Zinc,
Venetian Blinds,
Window Blinds, Wire— vii. Walker, HO.
Window- Cleaner— VII. Ness, 123.
Window-Cubtains— XI. Bradbury, Greatorex, & BeaV,
56. XIX. Tenipleton & Co. 315. XX. Shaw, 01.
Zollverein (11, Eichelberg, 660.
Window Fastenings— vii. Mackie, 126, xxii. Boulter,
677. Fons, De La, 800. Pierce, 18.
France, Credrue, 134.
Window GhAas— Belgium, Bennerl & Bivort, 390. Prison,
392.
France, Patoux, Drion, & Co., 674. Renard & Son, 981.
Robichon, Brotliers, & Co., 1445.
Hamburgh, Hildebraml, 56.
Portugal, Pinto, Basto & Co., 1044-1046.
Russia, KokhanolT, 295. Moussin, 294.
/Sii-itrer/anrf, Daguet, 75. Zollverein (,2) 'ft, 62.
See B.\aQ Crown-Glass, Hint-Glass. I .tinted Glass,
Painted Window.<i, Plate-Glass, Sheet-Glass. Stained-
Glass. Stained- Glass Windows,
Window-Glass, Coix»ured— xxiv. Cl-ance & Co., 2'2.
Hartley & Co., 100.
Window-Glass, Ornamented by Machinery — xxiv.
James, 85.
Window-Shutters — See Shutters (for Sliops, ^c.)
Windows, Window-Sashes, &c. (Models, &c.)—vii. An-
derson, 144. Bates, 09. Bodlev,4.1. Bunnelt & Co.,
ir.2. Farrell, 140. Harper, 141. Herring, 60. Hill,
68. Hurwood, 31. Mackrory, 173. Maxwell, 192.
Newnham, 170. Roberts, 127. Theobald, 147.
Tulton, 118. XXII. Barrow, 4a. Jours, 230. xxiv.
Caslle-street Glass Works, 83. St. Htlen'g Plata
and Sheet-glass Works, 66. xxvi. King, 61. xxviii.
Godfrey, 183. Jersey and Guernsey, Dupre, 9. See also
Brick Window Frames, Church Windnu-s. Painted
Windows. Sank Lines. Spring Windows. Stained- Glass
Windows.
Wine-Casks, Vats, &c.— xxx. (Fine Art Ciuit) Wood
48.
[Official Illustrated Catalogue.]
cxir
ALPHABETICAL AND CLASSIFIED LIST OF ARTICLES
France, LnourU-Deliile, 593.
Portugal, RanKel, 1120.
WiNB-KiNiNG Whisp— XXVI. Kciidall, 246.
Wine Jar, Earthen (fromTuboio in La Munclia).
Spain, \sm\, &1 (Main Avenue, Kail).
Wine-machines (Used in the MuniiKemrnt of Winet and
utiier Liquurt)— xxtl. Farrow, 60U.
Wine-Pbe9be8— VI. Uurlow, G13.
France, La Forntier, 1709.
Wines — China, Lindsay. Tiirkei/.
Z'lUerein (1), Deinhart (c Jordan, 869. Oeyger & Co.,
870. (6) Doel, 83. Mellernich, 83.
Winnowino-machines— IX. Coucb, 53. Collain fc Hal-
len, IODa, Marycliurch, 93. Nicholion, 50. Kali-
tou, 254. Sawney, 31. Sheriff, 74. Smith, J., 25ti.
Smith, W. 270. Weilluice & Co. 127. Windwr, 25.
Belgium, Delitanelie, 510.
Wire— I. Morewood & Rogers, 436. xxil. Bateman,
St. Bidinn, 353. Cornrurth, 322. Ererilt & Son,
8S2. Honrull, 334. Wakefleld, 337.
Austria, Ebentaller & Scliindler, 427. Egger, 425.
Hueher, 423. Schetll, 4'.>0.
France, E<tivant, Brothers, 1214. Palmer, 042.
India, xxii.
Abva Scotia, Acadian Iron Mining Auocialion, \,
Archibald, 'i. Nuremhurg, Fuclis.
Rnsiia, Zeiller, 343.
Sweden, Kkmon, 83.
Switzerland, Nenhau* & B16<ch, 1.
, United States, Trt-ton Iron Co. 167.
Zollverein (I), \igsing & Mollman, 647. Ohie, 62.
Ueinecker & Co., 4U4. Schleicher, 405. (2) Am-
mon, I!a. Fuchs, 11b. Grenanlh, Brotliers, *j5. Kal-
ten^cker, 54a. Kuhn. 57. (4) Rexer, 62. Stohrer, 60.
Wire Bhidoes for Parks, &u. — vii. Grout, 47.
V'lRE Cartridges— VIII. Eley, W. k C, 22 J. Joyce &
Co., 277.
W.re Cloth— xxii. Greening & Sons, 39.
Canada, Rice, ISOa.
■ Spain, Saslachs. 255. See also Metallic Cloth. Wire,
Wove and T\i'ist.
Wire-Drawino Bknche8~vi. Johnson & Co., 212.
Wire Fences- xxii. Giduey 5^6.
Wire Fences, Screw for Straining— x. Richardsjn^
264.
Wire Gaoze— xxn. Baker A Co., 319.
France, Gaillard, 225. Lanir, 288.
Zollverein (4), Rexer, 62. See also If ire. Wove and 7lr«V.
Wire Netting— xxii. Fox, 35. Gorrle, 40.
Wire Netting, Galvanized— xxii. Barnard & Bishop,
31.
Wire Rope-xxii. Kuper, 32. Newall, 36. Wilkins &
0>., 30.
Austria, Fisclier & Wiirm, 426. Wurm, 137.
Zollverein (1), Felten & Gnilleaume, 380 (Main Avenue,
East). See also Metallic Cord.
Wire Hope, Galvanized— xxi^. Wilkins & Co., 30.
WiuE Tacks- .^Hstrta, Duhsky, 456.
Wire-work (various articles, in)— ix. Green, 66. xxii.
Cornrortb, 322. Fox, 35. Reynolds, 37. Richardson,
26. XXX. Hull, 3i4. Zollverein (5), Zimmeimann, 19.
Wire, Wove and Twist— vi. CoomI*, B. 8c Co., 444.
Corcoran &Co, 416. xxil. Coombes, 27. Niclclen
& Sneath, 332. See a^m Wire-Cloth. Hire Gauze.
Witney Duffils (Wool Dytd)— xii. & xv. Swaine, J. &
E., & Co., 41.
WoAD— IV. Saunders & Gatchell, 71.
Zollverein (I), Giessler, 696.
Wolfram— I. Jenkins, 502. Oxiand, 485.
Woods (S|i«cimens of)— ii. I oiidon Druggists, 117. IV.
Breadalbane, Marquis of, 134. Classon, 22. Cross,
136. Dillon, Viscount, 138. Evans, 9 A. Fuuntlc-
roy Ac Sons, 1 35. Fitch, 8. Gilman, 44. Harrison,
R. & J., 6. Holizapffel & Co., 14. Long, 47. Mur-
ray, Sir W., 137. Oliver 39. Saunders, 9. xxii.
Onions 249.
Algeria, Wood and Forest Commission, 47. Bahamas.
British Guiana, Bee, 102c, lo3, 103a, IOSb, 105c, 116—
117a, 156. Buchanan, 86, 86a, 90, 90a, 95, U5a, 96, 96a.
Duggin, 90b, 99— 102 a. Fduset, 93, 94. Oiitridgc,
84, 84a, fc6, Sr,a, 85c, 87, 87a, K8, S8a, 89, 89a, 91,
9 1 a, 9a, 92a, 97, 97a, 97b, 98, 98a, 104, 105a, 106—
115a, 1 1 7a— 11 7e. Pontil'ex, 102d. Stutcliliury,65A,
117B-1I7B.
0(na(/(i, Central Commission, 80, 81. Davis, 78. Egan,
74. Porisault, 76, 77. Reed & Meakiits, 75.
Cei/lon. Eastern Archipelago, Wuoliey, 3u.
FA/ypt, 112,138-149,388.
irunce, Baudiin, 43. Boucherie, 1104, St. Ubery, I-IOj.
Ionian Islanda, IjytA Seaton, 5.
Mauritius, Mellon, 6.
Mexico. New Brunswick, Mackie, 7. McKillop, 7a.
McRae, 4, 6. Sliields, 18.
JVeui <S^oM(A Wales, Bidwell, I. Dudgeon & Co., 11.
New Zealand, 38. Johnson, 21. Lucas & Co., 40.
Nova Scotia, Central Committee, 2.
Portugal, 5(15, 508, 581-591. Batallia, 509, De Ficalhn,
Marquis, 552. De Loul6, Marquis, 553-579. Vaz, 580,
Pome, Bianconcini, 4.
Russia, Kauffmann, 117. n.n. 89. Tiflis, Govemmeiit
of, 119, St, Domingo, Schomburgk, Sir R.
South Africa, Bush, 60. Dumbletun, 47. Moravian
Missionary Station, Genadendal, 44. Woodman, 26.
Spain, Madrid Cabinet Botanical Garden, 186. Manilla
Economical Society, 187.
Drinidad, Lord Harris. Tunis, 96-100. Turkey.
United Slates, Bell, 176. De Saussure, 176a. Pell,
115. Thompson, 241.
Van Diemen's Land, Akers, 328. Brownrigg, 107, 108.
Denison, Sir W. T., 56-70, 121-12S, 229, 269. Fow-
ler, 82-89. Freeman. 210-216. Hadden, 103, 104.
McLichlan, 348. M'Naughten, 96, 102, 209. Mil-
ligan, 221, 223, 313, 341. Quinn, 95. Smith, 189.
Whitesides, 91-93.
Western Africa, Hntton & Sons, 6.
Zollverein (1), Hilgers, 659. Mess & Co., 247. (4),
Noerdlinger, 11. See aUo Mahogany. Timber.
Wood Carvings— Eastern end, outsiile, (itandish & Noble,
1. Main Averie, West, Boullon & Swales, 63.
XXVI. Hayball, 344. Harrison's Wood Carving Com-
)iany, 222. Hoyles, 345. Myers, 033. Seibe, II.
Thomas, 275. xxviii, Crespin, 36. Howton, 160.
Moore, 176. Sandy & Powell, 112. Wallis,8. Winter-
born, 168. Wolstenholme, 1 73. xxx. (Fine .Art Court)
Aitken & Allen, 310. Austin, 313. Bias, 307. Bond,
311. Cook, 104. DeGroot,92. Field, 360. French, 62.
Gordon, 3 1 . Harvey, 86, Hellyer & Son, 6 1 . Liech-
fleld, 330, Ungley, 95. Nisbet & Co., 1 16. Perry,
101. Pullen, 84. Ringliam, 88. Rogers, 74. 3J3.
Stalon 108, Tweltidge, 102, Walker, 102, Wallis,
89, Webber & BarlUtt, 153,
Belgium, Geerts, 450 (Main Avenue, East). Menge, 409
(Main Avenue, East). Vanliool, 4.54 (Main Avenue,
East). Wynants, 472. Ceylon.
China, Hewett & Co. Shea. Sichart & Ci.
France, Crochet, 810, Dumont-Pettrelle, 826, Fanre,
1218. Kueclit, 282, Leinard, 1326. Leschesne, 573-
Pinsonnet, 1392. Yon, 745.
Ilamhuruh, Baitlels, 106, India, xxx.
Mecklenburg-Schwerin, Bear, 8, .
New Brunswick, Gibbs & Co. 2. A.
Oldenburg, Casseboli, I . Persia, Abbot,
Portugal, deUno, 1223-1231. .Naval Arsenal, 1225-
1227. Vieira, 1232.
Sardinia, Bosio, 1:5. Capello, 64. , •
South Africa, 69. "'
Sweden and Norway, Ahlborn, 50. Thesen, 44.
Switzerland, Bauuiaiin, 239. Fluekk, 238. Jann, 255.
Kelirli Brothers, 242, Kessler, 243, Klarer, 244,
Michel, 248. Schild, 250. Wettli, 237. Tunis, 59.
Tuscany, Barbeiti, 76, r.rmibardi, 75. Marchetti, 79.
Pasqui, 83. Western Africa, Trotter, 5,
Zollverein (1), Alberty, 27(', Bouge, 222, Daelins,
269. Grzylirowski, 444, Heydenruicli, 443, Junda,
894, (2), Lung, 77.
Wood Engraving and Printing- xvii. Mancliin &
Morel, 128, xxx. (Fine jirt CmrtjCmidal & Addey,
112. /WatMm, Jamar, 444. CVu'na, Thorns.
France, C.iiboi»ieau, 104. Uujardin, 825.
ZoWterm (1), Kilian, 663. Oaten, 150.
DESCRIBED IN THE CATALOGUE.
CXV
8&A, 89, 89a, 91,
104, 105a, lOU—
Stutclibuiy,85A,
Dav'm, 78. Egaii,
kkiiiH, 75,
y, 3u.
St. Ubery, M95.
, McKillup, 7a.
on & Co., 11.
as &. Cu,, 40.
509. DeFicalhn,
.a-579. Vaji, 580.
"iflii, Govemtntiiit
, Sir R.
II, 47. Moravian
Woodman, 26.
en, 186. Manilla
K Turkey.
ire, 176a. Pell,
ownrigg, 107, 108.
, 229, 209. Fow-
[adden, 103, 1U4.
}, 102, 209. Mil-
05. Smith, 189.
& Co., 247. (4),
y. limber.
Standisli & Nol>1e,
I & Swalei, 63.
nod Carvin); Com-
[ 533. Seibe, II.
Howtun, 160.
iVallig,8. Winter-
(Fine .Art Court)
Biss, 307. Bund,
3G0. French, 62.
Son, 6 1 . Liech-
Co., lie. Perry,
Rogrw, 74. 3J3.
Iter, 102. Wullii,
last). Menge, 409
(Main Avenue,
&C.>.
elle, 8.26. Fanre,
l^schesne, 573'
.1 Arsenal, 1225-
lesen, 44.
238. Jann, 255.
3. Klarer, 244.
237. Tunis, 59.
Marchetti, 79.
■, 5.
222. Daehni,
lull, 443. Janda,
ni. Manchin &
Cundal & Addey,
Tliums.
25.
0.
Wood, Imitation— xxvi. Holland & Soim, C2a.
United S'tateg, Newman, 402.
Wood Impreonated with Block Tin— i. Dowrliam,
501.
Wood and Indian-Rubber Joininos— viii. Foiter, 7.
Wood Matrices (Cauls from, for the uie of Silk, Cotton,
and other Printer*) —x VII. Barker, 189.
Wood, Mosaic- xxvi. Nye, 54. Spain, Jiminet, 283.
Wood Mouldings- ZoMiwrtn (1), Nee», 420.
Wood fob Musical Instruments— iS'u)it««r/onrf, .Stern,
57. Zolluerein (2), Hensetii, 76;
Wood Ornaments (Cor Furniture, &c.) — Belgium, De
JuuKhe, 416.
Wood, Painting os— Switzerland, Wirli, 258. See also
Graining and Flatting.
Wood, Seasoned (Speciineiu) — ii. Peacock, 73. iv.
Betliell, 21. Newton, 20. Payne's Patent Company,
139. .S'ee also Bitrnettized Timber. Timher-Seaitoning
Apparatus.
Woods, St/'nfi— ii. Hawthorne, 39. Naylor, 35. iv.
Stowp, 10. XXVI. Palmer, 53. See also Stains fur
Wocd.
Wood Tissue— Frrt»c«, Cliristophe, 91.
Wood Types- XVII. Fairliairii, 9.
Wood Ware (Fancy & other)— xvii. Clark & Davidson,
135. xviii. Shepherd, 111. xxix. Smith, 280.
India, xxvill.
Wooden hEaa —Swi'zerland, Lompard-Janpeau, 93.
Wooden Letters— xxx. (Fine Art Court) Tliom|)gon,
343.
Wooden Shoes — Belgium, De Ketelaere, 350. Ponseele,
495.
France, Biithier, 22. Fmment, 208.
Wool (of various kinds) — iv. Caliill, 91a. Dorrien, 81.
Good & Co., 95, Henderson, 80. Irving, 94. Lippert,
97. Mailings, 86. Millner, 85. Moore, 78. Preller,
91. Uebow, 84. Sands & Co., 88. Sectional Com-
mittee on Animal Kingdom, 85a. Smithsun, 101a.
XII. & XV. Brunton & Co., 230. Burgess & Co., 243.
Clieeseborough, 179. Cheetham, C. O. & W., 45.
Fox & Co., 272. Pease & Co., 184. Salt, 139.
Sykes & Ogden, 118. Thomas, 493. xx. Laugh-
land, 144. XXIX. Quill, 230.
Alfleria, Canton, 14, Ilaractas Tribe, 56, Si Amar
Smin, 49.
Austria, Figdor & Sons, 90. Hunyady Von Ketheley,
89, Larisch Moennich, 92. Paiina & Alexis, 94.
Rotsch & Reichel, 98. Vou Mittrowsky, 91. Von
Wallis, 93.
Belgium, Le Chevalier Loenens, 109. Petit Noel, Leronge,
& Co., 246-250. Soheppers, 497.
SbKtAi4/rtca, Breda, 32. Dumbletoii,47. Reitz&C.).,31.
' Denmark, Kolbjornsen, 2.
France, Bemoville, 1,548, Bill iet & Huot, 1550, Bru-
neaux & Son, 38. Cauvet, 1 138. Delattre & Son, 142.
Desplanque, 816. Dollfus, Mieg& Co., 1 191, Gaillet-
Baroiii. t, 839. Girod de I'Aiii, 1249, Graux, 245.
Guerot, 533, Hartmann & Co., 257. Lantein & Co.,
566. Laporle & Son, 900. Laroque & Jaquemet, 901.
Latache de Neuvillette, 562, LeI'evre, 1312, Mulin-
gie, 322. Manjguet 1341. Pature-Lupin, Seydoux,
Seibler, & Co., 1381. Richer, 354. Bivaud, 987.
Sentis & Son, 1011. Sourd, 1493. Terrasson de Mont-
lenu, 1498. Warmont, 1048,
Madeira, Read, 1,
New South Wales, Armitage, I, Learmouth, 8, 10.
McArthur, 13. Motley, 9,
New Zealand, Tyrrel, 1, 28.
Portugal, Cornea, 600. Danfrias & Co., 856-865,
• 8S5-8H9. De Ficalho, Marquis, 601-603,
■ J?«sno, Gamaley. 123. Gigolo, 130. Gorigoretsk Farm,
121. Konovnitzin, 337. n. n. 128. Narishkan,
127. Philibert, 124. Shah, 126. Vassal, 122. Youz-
bashj 129.
Sardinia, Brun, Brothers, 21. Mesina, 31, Nuoro Divi-
sional Committee, 36. Prever, 20.
S;)ain,226,229. B.iriasa, 228, Hernandez, 230. Montero,
225. Municio, 224. Tudela Economical Society,
227.
Sweden and Norwa;/, 20. Tunis, 5, 9, 1 1 , 39, 4 0. Turkey.
Tuscany, Collacchioni, 52. Tuscany Grand Duke of,
63, 54.
C/'ni(ed£'(«i(e«,Blakeslee, 131. Brown, 4. Browne, 102a.
F.wing, 188, Hurdley, .<S83, Ktmb<-r,500, Parker &
Brown, 235. Perkins & Brown, 201, Peters, 106.
Sibley, 197.
Van Diemeii's Land, Grant, 346. Kermode 235. O.ik-
deii, IGl, Reeves, 322. Richardson & Co.. 346.
Smith, 222.
Zollverein (1), Kckardstein, 32. Flockenliaus & Co.,
335, Fraiikenfelde, Royal Administration of, 27.
Mimann 47. LUbbert, 24. Nordmann, 30. Ober-
burggraf Von Bruiineck^ 45, 46, Peill Si Co., 3C0. Sau-
keii, 433. Scbwetin, Count of, 33. Tliaer, 2.1. Von
Lipski,25. VoiiLueiwitz, 42. Treptow Roval Kemount-
iiig Dejwt, 22. Weimarsson, 797. (3), ^.liuetie, 188.
Wool, Artificial— .fie/(;ium, Nan der Schrieck, 101.
Wool-combing Machines— vi. Donisihorjie, 40.
France, Desplanque, 816. Harding-Coker, 8t;4.
Wool COMBING, Tools fob— vi. Uinns, 55. xxii. Wor-
rall &Co., 164.
Wool Sheets (for Packing Wool)— XXIX. Earnshaw, 261.
WooLi,EN Counterpanes— Canui/a, Bean, 137. Dixon,
138.
Woollen Fabrics (various)— xii. 8c xv, Aked & Sons,
137, Allen & Biuiks,2'.^6. Armitage, Brothers, 103.
Barlier & Co., 19. Barber & Sons, 105. Uarnicot &
Hirst, 1 05. Barraclough & Sun. 1 33. Oeardsell & Co.
109. Beardsell &Son, 120. Ueatimoiit, 72. Bennett,
J. & A., 95. Binks, 31. Briimley Woollen Cloth
Company, 64. Brett, Brothers, & Co., 20, Brook, J.
& Son, 487. Brook & Sons, 86, Brown & Forster, 9,
Brown .1. & H. & Co., 469. Hull & Wilson, 12. Carr,
T. & W., 273. Cheetham, C. G. & W., 45. Chick.
221, Clark, J. & J, 1.3. C lav, 124. Cooper, D. &
J., 42. Curmack, 68. Crosland, W, & H., 97. Da-
vies & Sons, 214. Dicksons & Laiiigs, 234, East 8e
Co., 2. Kcroyd & Son, 130a. Edmunds & Edmondo,
218. Ellis & Co., 70. Eyres & Son, 27. Fox & Co.,
272. Godel^-.iy, 308. Gott & Sons, 47. Gray, 67.
Hagues & Co., 23. Haigli &Sons, 2."6. Haley, A. &
C, 39. Harris & Fiioii, 145, Hastings, Brothers, 100.
Hayley & Sons, 38. Henry & Co,, 38, Hibble-
thwaite & Lister, 96. HiuchliflT, J. & G., 119. Hinch-
liffe & Son, 93, Holmes & Sons, 107. Hooper &
Co., 210. Horsfall & Co., 174. Hudson & BousHeld,
21. Hudswell & Son, 85. Hughes, 251. Hiitb &
Fischer, 123. Ireland &;Co., 247. Irwin, 26. Jebb&
Sons, 82. Kenyon, J, &'j,, 94, Lambert, 30. Lewis,
238, Lockwou<l &Keighley,104. M'Crea, 133. Mal-
liiisun & Suns, 108, Marling & Co., 209, Mills, 254.
OldHeld&Co. 127. Overbury,216 Pal mt, 213. ParU
ridge, 212. Pearson, 239. Phillip, w Co., 217.
Playne&Co., 211. Powell, 8. Ripley & Sou, 148.
Roberts, 171. Salter & Co., 250. Saville, 16, Sclio-
field. A., 474, Schofield, J,, 125. Schwann, 113. Shaw,
J. W. & H., 98. Shaw, P., 90. Sliaw, Son, & Co.,
110. Slieard & Sons, 81, Sheppard, W. B. & G., 18,
Slater, 22. Smith & Co., 14, Smith & Son, 29, Smith,
W,, 80. Smithson, 48. SiipII, 24. Stancomb & Son,
16. Stancomb, W, & J,, 17, Slarkey, J. & A., 121.
Stead & Co, 57. Stow, Brothers, 33. Swain &
Co., 41. Sykes, D., & Co., 75. Sykes & 8(m», 34.
Taylor, 88. Thointon & Co., 32. Vickeimnn & Beau-
mont, 102, Walker & Sons, 87. WeUter, A., 84.
Webster, D., 63. Webster, T., 62. Wheeler, 271,
Wilkinson. W.&E, 32. Willott &Co., 114. Wilson,
D., 83. Wilson, J., 138. Wilson & Son, 252. Win-
gate & Co., 200. Wrigley, J. & T. C, 1 1 7. Wrigley
& Sons, 101. Yewdall & Son, 78. York & Sheep-
shanks, 49. XX. Cross & Co., I 13a,
Algeria, Algiers, Delegate of, 58.
Austria, Auspilz, 201. Bauer & Co., 205. Biedermaiin
& Co., 206. Binder, 207. Blaschka & Co., 2l)-l,
Bracht, 240, Brunn Trade Union, 212. Fial, 307,
Fuller, 20S. Gacs Cloth Manufacturing Company,
209. Oiiizel,2I0. Guertler,21l. Haitig, 212. Her-
mannstadt Cloth-makers' Association, 214, Honaiier,
213. Iliek, 216. Kamner, 199. Kruitzoch, 297.
Liebig, 298. Miess, 217. Moro, Brothers, 218,
I 2
cxvl
ALPHABETICAL AND CLASSIFIED LIST OP ARTICLES
Mueller, 219. Namiett Ctutli Miiiiiiluotiiriiig Com-
pany, 2'20. Neiihaeiiier, Seigmuml. & Co.. 'i'i'J. Uir«r-
manii, 221. Popfwr, Brutlieri, 222. Pumit, 223,
223a. Schmieger, A., 193. Sclimiegvr, J., 224.
Scliinitt, 223. Scliuell, 22ti. Scliurller, Brothers, 227.
Scidel, 228. Siegmiin<l, 230. Slepaiick. P., 231.
SteiTena, P., 2.32. Srrakmch & Son, 233. Tliumiu,
ISa. Tbiim, 197. Trenkler & Sonn, 234. Tsclmernvr,
23}. Ullriclit, 236. Vunwillet & Co., 'J37. VVucliuv-
•ky, 203. Wolfium, 301.
Behfium, Biollev, 19J. Diiboii, lOG. Janueni, 193.
Irffonurd, 108.' Olivirr ft Co,, 2UI. Simpnia, 194.
Sirtiiine, 197. Siioeck, '2U2. Vundentraeten, 203.
Canada, Bean, 137. McKay & Co., 144. Palcrson,
G.,115. Palenon,J., 146. Willetf, 143.
I^ypt, 18H, IbO, 366.
Irance, Binon, 1 088. Bouchard, 1103. Chatelain &
ForuD, 86. Cheniieviere, 120. Courley, Brutherii, 8c
Barei, 97. David, Brotliem, & Co., 157. Dela-
moriiiiere & Co., 1S83. Delegue & Co., 143. Del-
t»n», Brollieri, 144. FKiiu-Becliird, 108. Fortel,
. Larbre, & Co., 200. Fortin-Boutellier, 1109. Four.
uival,Son, Altmuyer,&C<>., 221. Gaudchaud-Picard,
222. Ooffinet-Salle, WH. Guinoiiprez & Co., 835.
tiros-Odier-Rnman k Co., 248. Gudl>ert & Wateau,
8(i4). Guinon,l263. Hiir!inann&Son8,2')6. Hindenlaiigr,
1269. KuMier, 883. Laporte & Son, 9U0. Lefebvre
Ducattean, Brgthen, 1300. Lenormand, 588. Machel-
Marote, 396. Muistre, Brother*, 398. Milon, 642.
Naiet, 660. Paret, 13/8. Putriau, 1380. Pin-
Payard, 6S2. Poilevin & Son, 683. Rouuel-Dazin,
14)8. Scblumberger & Co., 1000, 1481. Schwartz
& Hugueiiin, 1003. Signoret Rochas, 1013. Si Ha-
tnido, 1696. India, xil.
Eastern Archipelago, (irey, The Counteu, 1.
Nelherlandu, Henveldop, 16, Knopniaii% 40. Vreede
& Co., 33. New Zealand, 8f. John't Culleee, 7.
Nova Scotia, Central Committee, 2.
Portitqal, 806-808. Correa & Co., 708-S03. Lafanrle
& Co., 814-840, Larcher* & Co., 787-797, Mello,
804. Valerio, 79S.
Suasia, Anenoff, 182. Bedlano Peasant Women, 330.
ii'Iedler, 351. laaien; 184. Stumpt', 161. Tcharti-
Gbdool-OKli, U6. Vareii, 3'i2. Zakliert, 183. Zou-
IxifTft Stepounin, l&fl, Sardinia, Rev, Brutliers, 33.
Society IdaSuls, Queen Pomare, 3.
Spain, Cruz De Areas 233c, Mendez, 2o3b. Snntii
Muria de Nieva, Alcalde of, 233. Sastre, 233a.
Trueba y Cumpo, 233e,
Sweden and Norway, Bergewall, 19. Landmark, 19.
Malmgrew, 19. Suderlierg & .\rospniiis, 19.
S«,i7r«r/<u«/,HuR-Ith, 18.1. Kelly, 150. Kunz, 128.
Tiiniii, 77. Turkey.
United States, Cook, 2^2. Lawrence & Co., 409.
Macy, Stanton, & Co., 368.
Western Africa, Acland, Lady, 14, Beecham, 12.
Hutton & Sons, 6. M'William. Trotter, 3.
2b//ier«ii(l), Anihoni, 378, Beeck, 4"J4. Behrend &
Schmidt, 98. Bolten, Welhelm, & Son, 490. Bor-
mann, 112, Bothchfr & F.ngel, 865. Braun, Bro-
thers, 401. Brubm & Nailer, 816. ChristofTel,
347. Cohn & Hermann, 104, Delius, 8n6, Feaiix
& Riedel, 364. Feller & Son, 107. Feulgen, Bro-
thers, 307. Forstpr. 220. Forshmann & Hufl'mann,
608. Geissler, 100. Gevers & Schmidt, 50, Graft;
.. 803, Haan & Sons, ,360. Hiiasft Sons, 357. Haher-
,) l.ind, 99. Harra««, 798. H.iseloff & Co., 713.
Hendrichs, 367. Hey, 26. Hilger, Brothers, 408.
HofTmann, 110. Homt)erg & Scheibler, 339. Hueck,
- 499. Huffmann, Brotliers, 500. Itzigsohn, 97.
Jansen, 340. Jobaimy-.A.bhue, 493. Kayser, 370.
Kesselkaul, 371. Kleinsclimit & Co., 372, Knops.
" Brothers, 373, Lucius & Co., 729. Lutze, Brot>iers;
103. Miiclit, 730, Martens, 868. Montzel, 94. Mer-
- liu«, 8()7. Moll, 501. Muller, 723, Peill ic Co.,
. 369. Pelbermamann & Co., 497. Rufter & Son,
101. Scheder & Co., 102. Scheibler & Sons, 864.
. Scheidt, 505. Sclieidt, Gebruder, & Co., 504. Schlief,
Brothers, 108. Schnabel, Brothers, 503. Schotllcr,
J. P.. 365. Schoeller & Sons, 374. Schuermann &
Scbiihlcr, 400. .Steriiickel tc GnelclitT, 370. Teschey>
inaciier& Kattcnbuach, 492. TliywiMen, Brothers, 375,
Traugott ilcCo., Ill, Visseur 358. Wagner & Son,
346. VVultiier, Heimig, &Co., 714. Weyerliusch, 570.
Wiesp, Brothers, 405. Zambunn, 359. Ziegier, 30.
ZirkenlNich, 701. Xachdle, J. C. & K., 8-44.
(3), Bernhard, 121. Boeltiger, 108. Uuchwald, 133.
Biirkhart, 109. Casmri, 132. Collel, 1 10. Fielder,
128. Glafey Ac Neiibartli, 103. Graefe & Son, l02.
Grossman, Brothers, 125, Giiwtmaini, 124, Oruener,
101, HelliiiK&Ot*., 112. Hermann, 130. Herrmann &
Son, 122. Hoes«l&Co.,(<6. HuelVer, 11). Jaehnig, 134.
Junghuns, 131. KuulVmnnn, 114. Kirsteii, 11.3, Kob-
lich, 123. Lehmoim, 107. Meisiner, E. 136, Meissner,
F. A., 130. Meisiner F. T. 120. Meissner, M., 137,
Meissner, T. 120. Moerbitz, 127. Mueller & Co.,
113. Uehler, Brothers, 110. Petxoldt, 141. Press-
prich, Krnit, & Son, 135. Reichel, 140. Schrcrer,
120. Seyl'erth & Co., 100. Singer, 143. Spengler, 1 1 7.
L'nger, 140. Weickert, 106. Wolf, C. A. 142. Wolt;
J. G„ 143, Wollf, 144. Ziegier & Haiisimann, 02.
Zschille, Brothers, 138,
(4), Finckh, 31. Kohler, 46. Suhill & Wagner, 30.
Schonleber, 32. (6) Arzt, 27.
See also Uaize, JJlankets, Cassimeres. Damasks
(Worsted and Woollen). Doeskins {Woollen), Dyed
Wool and Woollen Cloth, Felt, Flannel, Friezes.
Plaids. Reversihls Cloth. Tartans. Tweeds. Waist-
coatings.
Woollen NKTriNO— xii. & xv. Sloler, 170.
Woollen Rcqs, &c,— xvi. Clapham, 9, Deed, 10,
Hartly, 6. Hill, 8. Robinson, 7. xix. Harrison,
IU4.
Jersey and Guernsey, Raiidell, 40.
Woollen Yarns— iv. Breadallume, Marquis of, 95a.
XII. & XV. Briinton, & Co., 230. BorKeis & Co., 243,
Pox & Co., 272. Marriott & Son, 47.3. Uenwick, T.
& A., 233. Sharp, 177. Simon & Co., 103, Thomas,
493. Townend, 1 73. Williams & Co., 257,
Austria, Keller, 191. LeideMfrost, 192. Schmieger,
193, Soxhlet, 194. Tetruer, 193. Thum, 197.
France, Billiet & lluol, 1350. Hartmanii & Co., 257.
Lia<:ha])ei:e & Levurlet, 1283, Lorthiois-Desplansque,
314, Lucas, Brothers, 1331. Pradine & Co., 1408,
Jtussia, Moei & Co., 102.
Sardinia, Messina, 31,
yan Diemen's Land, Denison, Sir W, T., 137.
Zollverein (I), Clurenbach & Son, 5(i0. Cockerill,
103, Keller & Sun, 107. llagenbruch, 712. Ulleidierg
& Schintzler, 335. Wald & Son, 96, (3), Schmidt
& Sons, 49, Solbrig, 47, Wolf, 48,
Woollen MAcniNKRV— vi. Hunt, 49, Leach, 7. Sande-
mnn, 44. xvii, llamer, 34. xxii. Carr & Riley,
ItiS. .
France, Dorey, 823. Harding Cocker, S64, ^
United States, Read, 212,
WoBK-BoXES— XXVI. Davis, 129. Welch, 150. xxviii.
Home, 160. xxix. Meclii, 43, xxx. (Fine Art Court)
Newham, 100, China, Hammond Si Co,
France, Ai'dot, 11,
South Africa, Grociikloof Missionary Station, 43.
WoBK-Box Fittings— XXII. Brookes, 171,
WoBKiNO Classes, Dwei linos fou (Models)— S>ee Cot-
tages, Labourers', ^c.
Worsted Fabrics— xii. & xv, Akroyd & Son, 130. Bird,
223. Dalliy, 132, Kckroyd & Son, 130a. Fowler
& Co., 309, George, W, T. & Co., 50. HaRgas &
Son, 153, Holdsworth & Co., 106, Pease & Co., 184.
Rand & Sons, 173, Sheimnl & Perfect, 131. School
of Industry for the Blind, 30. Sugdeii, Brothers, 167,
Tov ler, Campin & Co., 309. Wilson, 138. xx, Hail-
-Jen & Sons, 134,
Zollverein (3), Gueiither & Simon, 94. SchilTner St
Zimmermaini, 97. Strauss & I,cu3chnei|, 99. Winkler
& Son, 91. See also Merino Fabrics. Mixed Fabrics.
Stuff's (Worsted, ^c), Turlaus.
Worsted Macuinebv — vi. Berry & ?ons, 48.
India, I,
Worsted Manufacture (lUuslrations of)— xii. & xv.
Peace & Co., 184.
(•
I
*'
DESCRIBED IN THE CATALOGUE.
exvil
& Wagner, 30.
Worsted Spinning (Illiuiratioiii o()—Zollverein (3),
I^ipiig Society of Worsled Spiiinera, 44.
WoRBTED Yarns — xii. & xv. Urewin & WlietstDiie, 243.
Kckroyd & Son, 130a. Pupiiletnii, 2i4. Tiiwrienil,
Urutlieri, 1G2. Waliac Co., 159. Wliitmuie & Cj.,241.
XX. Ciirlwriglit & Wariieri, 196.
Auilria, Dierzeri' Heiri, 169a. Sclimieger, 193. Wort-
te<l Yarn Spinning Cumpaiiy, 1 08.
Belqium, Xlioirray & Co., 2U4.
Zollverein {\), Betgmaw ^»., lOB. Weill &C:>., 717.
(3) Fetiuia & Ell. , .0. Triiiiiii & Sum, 45. (4)
Sclioiileber, 32. See alio D_^ed Worsted.
Wort Heatino and Coouno' Machines — vi, Tliomii-
ion, Younger, & C>>.t 623. See alio Jiefrigerators,
Wrenches, Screw and other— v. Thornton & Sons,
490. VIII. Williami, 3J-J. ix. Ferrabee & Soui,
374. lAwrencp, 1 10,
Writing Cabinet— XXVI. S>pwith, T. & J., 316.
Writing Cases— x. Smitli & Son, 31. £<jyrl, 348.
Sweden, Hiuselgren, 97.
Zollvereia (1), Sommer, 878.
Writing Desks— xxvi. Fuoiiinrape & Co. 132. Stoplier,
66. Strngnell, 343. Tliompson & Wortliy, 1.34.
XXVIII. Buker, 84. Strugnell, 174. Waller, 1:^1.
XXIX. Asprey, 50. Daltoii, 48. Meclii, 43. Turrill,
02. XXX. (Fine Art Court) Newham, lUO.
Ceylon. France, Gocht, 1610.
IVeio South Wales, Burohet, 3.
Portugal, Portugal, King of, 1237.
Writing and Tracing Cloth— xvii. Smith, 41.
Wrought Iron— See Iron, Wrought.
XyLOPYROGRAPHV (or Charred Wood Engraving) — xxx.
(Fine Art Court) Calvert, 97. Muriliall, 35!*. Milli,
96. Mitchell, 87. J^e/^ium, Duchostel, 443.
Yard Measures— x. Elliott & Soni, 320.
Yarn Tarring Machine— vi. Plenty, J. & E., 53.
Yarn Washing Machine— xxii. Robertson, 60.5.
Yarns (Varioui) — xii. & xv. Burgess & Co., 243.
Kckroyd & Son, 130a. Sugden, 167. Whitley, 176.
Wilhini & Co., 257. xiv. Schwann, 50a.
irance, Croulelle, 132. Turkei/,
, Zollverein (\) Luehdorff & CJo., ,')84. See also Cotton
Yam. Flax Yum. Hemp Yam. Linen Yarn.. Woollen
Yam. Worsted Yam.
Y ASMAB—Swilterlund, Geilinger, Brothert, 2i)l.
Yawls (n»n-ca|itizuble) —/'Vance, Lahurr, 285.
Yeast, Dried powdered— JSo/Zveretn (1), Ftiedenthal,
846.
Yellow Berries (for Dveing)- /Stasia, 92.
York Minster (Muileli) — xxx. (Finj Art Court) Dicken*
ion, lUI. Middlelun. 166.
Zaffre — Zollverein (1), IIi>ntmann & Co., 462.
Zinc and Zinc Castings and Manufactures— i. Morr>
wood & Rogers, 430, Vieille Montague Mining Com-
pany, 437. II. Ilowordift Kent, 11. Huikiiion, J.W,
&H.,86. XXII. lAwrence&Cu.04. TreKgon,U.& W.,
55. XXVI. Vinnell, 200.
i?e/(/ium, C'>rphalie, Soci£l6 de, 21. Detliier, 19. Nou-
velle Montague, Sociilu de, 7. Vandercumer, 355.
Egypt, 368.
France, Do Braux D'Anglure, 779 (Main Avenue, Etut).
Deydier, 819. Ufevre, 581. Paillurd, 071. Sorel,
1020. Vioille Montague Cmipuny, 1018.
Netherlands, Bleekrude, 1. Svhutz, 98 (Main Avenue.
Kait).
Spain, Granada Mines, Ini|M!ctor of, 16.
Zollverein (I), Biichop & lthodiu.i, 312. Bredt & Co.
315. Devarunne & Son, 260. Ueiis, 2G7. Ilugeii,
322. Harkott, 874. Hosch & Sons, 6(i3. Kiss 279
(Main Avenue, East). Lambinon & Co. 45 1 . Mala-
T)ane Iron Wurki, 451. Uenjer, 50. Itochali, 452.
Ituffer &Co., 11. (5), Zimmermann, 19.
Zinc Cement— ii. Spence, 7.
Zinc, Ceruse of— /Vance, Mantoii, 918.
Zinc Engraving— xxx. (Fine Art Couit) Calvert, 228.
Green. '.'33.
Zinc Ore- i. Davey, 503. XXH. f^awrenco & Co., 54.
■ Belgium, C»r|)halie, Socidt(< de, 21. Vieille Montague
Mines et Fondries, 26. Canada, Logan, 1.
United States, New .Teriey Miniiij; Company, 166 (Main
Avenue, East).
Zollverein (1), Eichweiler Mines et Fondries, 318. (8),
Nassau Government Engineers of Mines, 1.
Zinc, Uxideof (with colours made theiefrom)—ii. Brown,
57. Scott, ei.
Zinc, Perforated— i. Jack, 437a.
Zinc, Sulphate of — Portugal, Serzedello & Co., GO.
Zinc, Sulthubet of— i. Riddell, Sir J. M., 55.
Zithers- .tlustrta, Huther, 149. Kiendl, 148.
Uels)— See Cot-
>'•■
^■■'-
INDEX OF EXHIBITORS
AND OTHERS
WHOSE NAMES APPEAR IN THE CATALOGUE
Mcmoranilum.—ThiM Index Includa the name of ever; Penoii, and Public or other Cnmpiny, mentioned in the Calalugue, whether ai Contil-
biilor, Manufaeturpr, Patentee, Agent.or in any way connecteil with Articlei in the Exhibition. The rrfereneea following each name
distinguiah— I. Claa* in the United Kingdom, the Colony, or Foreign Country in which the aame will be found ; and >. The number In
the Catalogue Iwrne by the entry to which the name li prefixed.
I
Albert, H.HH. Piiince.— Page 112
Almil, M.— Spain, 181
Aliasheir, N.— Kuuia, 331
A-hois-Mak. — Husiin, 2-11
Abate, F.— xxii. 203
Abbey & Sun.— United Stalef, 5t
AIiImxI, F.— Persia, ..
Abbott, «.— XX1II.C6; xxx. (Fine Art
Court), 33
AbboU, J.— XXVI. 43) Vail Diemeii'i
r.aiiil. ;:90
Abbott, T. T.— Uiiileil Statet, 396
AblMJtl, W.— IX. 53
Abbott & VVritjhf.— IV. 121
Abilool-Mi>liuniet-()Kli. — RnMia, 243
AbdourziiMaram-OjjIi.— Russia, 94
Abele anil Co. — Zollverein (-4), 76
Allele, F.— Austria, 582
Abell, W.— VI. fcO
Abercarn Ccal Co. — Western eiiil, South
enclosure i Oulsiile), 40
Al>«rciirn ^'Gwytheii Collieries Co.,
(Nevvport).— I. 430
Abercrombie & Ynill. — XII. & XV. '292
Alierry, J. — XXII. 52'J
Ablett, see \\ heeler & Ablelt
Abraimm, A. & Co.— x. 203
Abralmni, G. A. — xix. 76
Abraliam, J. A.— x. 140
Abramoff, J. — Russia, 131
Abt, lirutliers.— Switzerland, 227
Abt, W.— Z..llverciii (4), 7
Acadian Iron Mining Association.—
Nova Scut i a
Ach, Dubois & Co.— Belgium, 300
Aclieson, J.— viil. 47.
Ackere, J. C, Van. — Belgium, 215
Ackernian & Co.— xvil. I
AckUnd, W.— x. 368
Acklin. — France, 309
Aclund, Lady. — Western Africa, 14
Acland, Sir T. D., Burt., M.P.—
Western Africa, 17
Acott, see Parker & Acott
Acquaronp, J. B. — Sardiiria, 84
Actieii, Verein. — Zidlverein (1), 214
Adair, B.— XXIX. 307
Adair, K.— i. 67
Adam, gee Tbiliet & Adam
Ailnni, A. — Western eird, South enclo-
ante (Outside), 18
Adam, G.-Zollv.(l), 487
Adanii, iv. 40 ; see Bradwell & Adams.
Deane, Adums, & Deane
Adams, O. — xxx. (Fine 'Art Court),
281
Adams, G. G. — xxx.(Sculp<ure Court),
37. 48. 62.— Page 817; see alio
Howell, James, k Co.
Arlams, G. W. — xxiii. 88
Adams. H.— United States, 476
Adams, .!.— xxil. 538
Adams, Jane. — xiv. 12
Adams, N.— United States, 570.
Adams, K.— ix. 28
Adams, S.— xxix. 33
Arhims, S. «t C vi. 420
Adams & Sons. — x. 2; xix. 21
Adams, T.— x. 14
Adams, W. B.-v. 510
Adams, W. & Co.— United Slates, 462
Adams, W. H. F.— Canada, 331
Adamsnn, O. G. — Brazil, 1
.'\damsoii. It.— xxx. (Fine Art Court),
3flU; xxviii. 156.
Adcock & Co. — XVI. 323a (Main Ave-
nue West)
Adcock, J.— X. 353, 364
Adcock, T., jun. — vii. 192
Adcock, Mrs. W. — Vau Diemen's
I^nd, 6
A<lderley,C.B.,M.P.— South Africa, 57
Addey, see (luadnll and Addey
Addington, \V. II.— United Slates, 47 1
Addis, J. B. Jun.— XXI. 23
Addis, S. J.— XXI. U
Aildison & Gilbert. — VIII. 192
Addison, K.— x. 487
Adikes, J. I) Hamburgh, 67
Adirondnc Maimfactiiring Com|)any. —
United States, 314
Adier, C— ZoUverein (3), 175
Admiralty (Somerset House) — vill.
Ui, 1 40 (North Transept)
Adolphe, C. — France, 1.
Adolphi, C. F. W.— Zollv., (1), 172
Adorno, J. N.— vi. 448 ; x. 218
Adshead, J.— xxx. (Fine Art Crt.),328
Adshead, VV. & Co.— xill. 39
Adt, Brothiis.— Zollverern (2), 66
Aerls, F. G.— Belgium, 186
Aflfourtit, G. L.— France, 749
Adi, F.— Anslria, 616
AgaMelik Mahomet Hadji Uisoof Ogli,
— Ruuia, 290
Agadjan, O. — Russia, 251
Agard, F., see Prat A. & F. Agard
Aggio, O. H. — x. 488; xxvi. 83;
XXIX. 312
Agombard, P.— '."ranee, 2
Ahlbeck, G. C— Sweden. 73
Ahlberg, O.— Sweden, 72
Aldborn, C. — Sweden, 50
Aikeii.—v. 812
Aiii Morku Mines Co. — Algeria, 19
* inge & Aldred. — xxix. 180
Ainslie, see Harrison, Ainslie, & Co.
Ainsworth, see Mirldleton and Ainiwoith
Ainsworlli, J. — viii. 136
Ainsworth, T.— i. 422
Aire & CaMer Brltle Co.— xxiv. 6
Aitken & Allen. — xxx. (Fine Art
Court), 310
Aked & Sons.- XII. & xv. 137
Aken, C. B. Van,— Belgium, 121
Aken, P. Van, & Son.— Belgium, 122
Akerman, W. H. H.— x. 490
Akermanii, 8eeSulzburger& Akermanii
Akers, Lieut. — Van Diemen's Land, 328
Akroyd & Son.— xil. & xv. 130
Aksenoff, J.— Russia, 182
Alabama, Governor of the State of. —
United Stale>, 289
Alba, S.— Austria, 664 \
Albacetf.— S|)ain, 5(>
Albani, Brothers. — Sardinia, 7
Albear, J.— Spain, 100
Alliert, J. v., jun.— ZoUverein (5), 23
Albert, J. W.— ZoUverein (5), 7
Alberti Brothers. — Prussia, 231
Allrcrli, Fr.— ZoUverein (I), 751
Allieity, J.— ZoUverein (1), 270
Albertzoom, S.— Russia, 284
Albinet. — France, 400
Albrecht, see Leale& Albrecht. Rneh-
rig & Albreclit
Albrecht, A.— Hamburgh, 59
Albrecht, Archduke. — Austria, 431
Albright, A.— If. 126
Alluo & Hi.yt.— United States, 183
Albuquerque, A. S. d'.— Portugal, 353
Albuquerque, J. D', c MfUo.— Portugal
478, 479
INDEX OF EXIIIDIT0K8, &d.
cxix
I, whether u Contii.
bllowlng each name
d S. The number In
Hadji UiaoofOgli.
Co.— XXIV. 6
Kxx. (Fine Art
Albreclit, Roeli-
il States, 183
.— Porlugiil, 353
Mvllu. — I'orlugal
Alcaide, D. M. G. -Spain, 151
AlcitlaaiSon,— 8|miii, 213
Alcan. — France, 1030
Aluan & Limey.— France, 9
Alcan & Liiciitelli,— France, 4
Alcock, J.— United Statei, 'iiO
Alrocit, S. XXII. U07a
Alcock, H. Si. C'u,— XXV. 7
Alcuck, S. U. & Cu.— XXIX. 'J72
Alcock, T.-lx, 27
Aldrliert, nee Hallniaike, Aldebert, &c.
Aideliert, I.— vill. 132
Alder & Meyer.— Swilierland, 100
Alderman, J., let Cliapman, T, & Al-
derman, J.
Alderton & Slirewabnry.— XXII. 403
Aldrcd, s«e Ainge & Aldred
Aldred.S.— XXX. (Fine Art Court) 233
Aldridge.J. M.— xxil. (j88.
Aleman, P. — Spain, 'J34
Aleon, H. — France, 1338
Alexander, «ee Heyman & Alexander
Alexander, K.— ix. 198.
Alexander, J. T.— xxvi. 99
Alexander, W.— x. 426
Alexandre & Son.— France, 1719
Alexia, J., aee Panna, N. Jk Alexia, J.
Alfonso, M. J— Porlngal, 1023-1043
Alfred, W. H.— xxix. 170
AlDan.— Uuaaia, 306
Algiers, Delegate of. — Algeria, 58
Algiers Mines, Commisaiun uf. — Alge-
ria, 43
Algor, J.— XXII. 118
Ali, Meliemet. — ltuaaia,246
Aliofh.T. S. & Co.— Switierland, 131
Allard & Cluye.— France, 7.iO
Allan, see Uallantine & Allan,
Allan, A.— V. 711
Allan, D.— XXVI. 87
Allan, J.— XX. 13} Canada, 28
Allan, J. sen. — vil. 122
Allan, J. H.— VIII. SI, 83
Allan, T.— X. JOl
Allan, VV.— Canada, 121
Allcroft, see Dent, Allcruf>, & Cn.
Allday, W.— xxii. 253
Allen. — XXIX. 196 ; see also Aitkon &
Allen. Uott& Allen. JellVey, Allen,
& Co. Nicol & Allen. Oldfield,
Allen, & Co.
Allen, A. D. & Co.— United States, 97
Allen & Banks.— XII. & xv. 211}
Allen & Co.— VIII. 20J
Allen, C. B.— XXVII. C8 ; xxx. (Fine
Art Court), 79
Allen, E. E.— x. 413
Allen, F.— XXII. 293
Allen, G.— XII. & XV., 225
Allen, G. F.— United Slates, 236
Allen & Holmes.— XIII. 3U.
Allen, J.— VIII. 292 ; Canada, 35
Allen, J. M.— XVI. 36; xxv. 40
Allen & Moore.— xxii. 300
Allen, R.— XI. 65 ; xii. & xv. 259
Allen & Solly.— XX. I(j0
Allen & Son.— XVI. 149
Allen, T.—vii. 151
ADenhy, see Lewis & Allenliy
Alleond, Emanuel. — Jersey & Guern-
sey, 27
Allies, SCO Cruttwell, Allies, & Co.
Allies, F.— XXIX. 157
Allin, J.— XXX. (Fine Art Court), 199
Allin, W.— XVI. 35
Allin, W.S.— XVI. 327
AWiott, sec Manlove, Alliott, Si Seyrig
Allis, J. H.— X. 87
Allison, K W.— VIII. 115
Allison, K.-x. 480, 483
Allix, A. J. -France, 6
Allmun, F.— X. 43S
Allon, J.— Canada, 100
Alloa, J.— Canada, 94
Allnund, sen.— France, 1051
Almunsa, l).--8]>uin, 200
Alnieido, J. V. d'— Portugol, 318
Almeida, Silva, & Co.— Portugal, 473.
477. 460
Almeria, Inspector uf the Mines of tlie
diatrict of, -SfMiin, 13
Almgren, K. A.— Sweden and Norway,
30, 89
Almy, Patterson, 8e Co.— United Statea,
454
AIner, Anna,— Sweden and Norway, 42
Al|ieia, >ee Muckenlieim & Aliiers.
Alplien, G. Van.- Netlierlanifa, 41
Aliup, D,— IX. 25a
Alaop, Koliins, and Co.— XIII. 48
Alslerbergrr, J.— Austria, 303
Altenloli, Brink, & Co., Zoll. (I), 612
Alley nnea, S. L., Van. — Belgium, i!71
Alther, J. C— Switierland, 110
Altmann, J. G.— Zollverein (I), 213
Allmnyer, see Foiirnival, Son, Allmuyer
& Co.
Alvarei, Cullejo, D. S.— Spain, 1 18, 106
Alvargonziilea, 1), U. — Spain, 177
Alvea, E.J. da.— Portugal, 407
Amand, J, — Belgium, 368
Amunn & Egli, Swiizerlund, 133
Amann, J, — Switzerland, 153
Ambler & Avery.— United States, 214,
291
Ambrose, see Billing! and Ambrose.
Ambrose, J,— XXVII, 128
Ameloung & Son. — Russia, 296
American Cliair Co, — United Slates, 63
Ameye Berte, R, — Belgium, 209
Amigo y Saury, R. — Sinin, 217.
.Amman, .see Meyer and Amman
Ammunniati, Capt. G. — Tuscany, 17
Ammon, J. P.— Zoll. (2), I Ia
.\nior, J. — S|iain, 22, 121
Amos, see Deun, Amos, & Co. Eaaton
& Amua
Amos, J. — IX. 66a
Amnskeag Manuracturing Company. —
United States, 2
Amsell, P.— Zdllv. (1), 343; (3) 52
Amiker.— Zollverein (1), 772
Amuller, K. F.— France, 403
Anana .Salt Works, Alava. — Spain, 36
Anchiaux, J. — Belgium, 344
Ancion & Co. — Belgium, 143
Andclle, G. & Co.— France, 1540
Andereifg, T. — Switzerland, 1 1 1
Andersen, P,— Denmark, 13
Anderson. — Van Diemen's Land, 198,
See also Oyler & Anderson, Smith,
Anderson, & Co,
Anderson & Ucttany, — xxv. IG
Anderson, C. — xiv., 80
Anderson, D. — xvii. 200
Anderson, D. & J. — xi. 16
Anderson, G. — vii. 144
Anderson, G. &Co. — British Guiana, 36
Anderson, J.— v. 801; viil. 187; x.
403; see also Anderson, D. & J.
Anderson, J.& A. — xi. 7.
Anderson, J. R. & Co.— United States,
281
Anderson, R.— viii. 190; xxix. 224
Anderson & S.ns.— Zollv. (1), 897
Anderson, T. — VIII. 136
Anderson, W.— xxx. (Fine Art Court),
189
Anderwalt, Pasquale. — Austria, 170a
Andrassy, Count G. — Austria, 413
Andie.— Main Avenue Eoal; Algeria,
1 ; Zollverein (I), 788
Andre, Brolbera, — Zollverein ^0), 36
Andre, J, & M^jor Count do Z. Brono-
Bronaki.— Fr,ince, 1054
Andre, J, P.— France, 1053
Andreue, C— Zollverein (I), 360. 379
Andreolell, W.C.— France, 10
Aiidreaen, P.— Zollverein (I), 177
Andrewea, II. P.- rxil, 370
Andrewa, see Barrett, Exall & An«
di'ewa, Foraler & Andrews
Andrews, II. Q.— United " ttcs, 340
Andrews, J.— v. 8U3
Andrews, M.— Xiv, 5
Andrewa, U.— v, 802; x. .151
Andrews, Sona, & Gee, xvill. 5
Andrews, VV. & Co.— xviii. 43
Andrieux, «e« Rivart & Andrieus
Anelli,J.— X. f)ll
Angell, G.— xxiii. 103
Angell, J. — XXIII. Ill
An^ermaland. — Sweden & Norway, 21
22, 23
Angrand, — France, 7
Angrave Brothers. — xx, 202
Angulo, I, — S|)ain, 38
Angus, F. J.— v. 716
Animal Kingdom, Sectional Comniitte*
on.— IV, 85a
Annecy & Pont. — Sardinia, 34
Anschuez, It, — Ziillveiein (I), 693
Ansell, C— VIII, 183
Anselm, F, C— Zollverein (6), 30
Ansted, Professor, D, T.— I. 241
Anstey, S.— I. 118
Ante, A,— Zollverein (I), 627
Anilieit, Socicid Corplmlie D', — Bel-
gium, 21
Anthelme. — France, 1541
Anthnni, H, A.— Zollverein (1), 378
Anllinny,C,J.— IX, 237; United State*,
583
Anund NatliRoy, Rajah. — India,xxvi.
A()olytomeiie Co., Madrid. — Sjiain, 53a
Appel, C— Zollverein (0), l.')
Appel, J, C. — Hamburgh, 110
Apiiel, H.— xxx. (Fine Ait Court), 274
Appett. — France, 751
Applegath, — vi. 122
Appleguth, A. — xviii. 12
Apuleton, see Uphum, Appleton, & Co.
Appihl, J. G.— V. 420
Aqui, sec Uxeda & Aqui
Aruman, H. — Persia
Aramlarri, G. — Spain, 101
Aramkarri, G, A. — Spain, 103
Archaiiiliault, — France, 401
Archbotd, see Brown & Arcbbold
Archer, E, T,— xxvi. 263
Archer, J, S.— xxiii. 110
Archer, J, W,— Page 847.
Archibald, C. D,— Nova Scotia, 2
Archibald, Jane R, — xii, & xv. 461
Archibalil & Sons,- xii, & xv. 46.)
Ardamatiky, Brothers,— Russia, 99
Aritamatsky, J. — Russia, 98
Ardamatsky, J. &T, — Russia, 97
Arduin & Cliancel, — France, 8
Arera, N, G, — France, 752
Ar»fio, C, — Spain, 269
Argall, J. & VV.— xxii, 404
Arjjall, VV,, sec Argall, J, & \\\
Aristarklioft'. — Kussia, 359
Arkansas Mining Comjiany, — i. Cy2o
Arliss & Tucker.— XVII. 55
Armakoona, see Marimano & Arniu>
koona
Armangitnd, France, 14
Armani, see Orsi Si Armani
cxx
IXDKX OF i:xiiiiirroMillO0'IBIE8
AnnilUK*> llrnllirrt. XII. & XV, lUi;
Ntw .Stiulli Walef, 1
Arniitnge, 0. ti Cu.— IX. ilSA; XII. k
XV. ua
Arniitag*, M. & II.— xxn. ISO.
ArtnitDttil, H.— xxiil. 07
Arniitrung, arc lliipwooil K Ariniln.n);
Arinttroiig, J. — xvii. 77; xxviii. 43
ArmttriiiiK, J. jiiii.— xxil. HfO
Ariiiitriiii/, .S. T.— Uiiilrd Ulutit, 3lt)
Ariiiiitroii;{, \V. (i.— V. 4-1
Ariiaiiil. — Algeriii, 2
Arriiivoii, II. — FnuiCP, 102
Ariidt & Ui^ri'iiil.—IIainlxirgli, 24
Ariii'tli, J. — Aiiitria, 11(18
Anilielm, 8. .1.— /ollvriein (1), 189
Ariilieiler. — Frunu*. 733
AriiDlti $ee Ileclit Sc Arnold
ArlKilil, A. — Jerwy Ic (Jii*rii«f jr, 33
Ariiiilil, V. II.— Z.)llveruiii (1), 835
Arii..l.l, S. W'.— XXV. 7
Aniiildi, K. y.— Zullvereiii (1), 778
Aniotj, Dr.— X. d'J4, 012, Cl'Jj xxil.
387, 63G
AriKitt, K.— Iliitiili Guiitim, 142-14JA
Ariiuux, C, — France, 1342
Arm, A — ZuUvireiii (I), G2H
Ariiliii, TulukiiolT.— HumIii, 2j2
Aroinlal'i MumilUctdry, S«e(lcii, HI
Aruwniiii, tee Smlerborg & Aruieniiis
Arrault. — France, 0
Arret, J.— Amtrio, 663
Arrieda. — S|)ain, 292
ArrieU. — Spain, '."Ja
Arrindi'll, Mn.— Ilriliah Giiliinn. (iO
Arruwiinitli, A., sec Arruwiniitli, II. & A.
Arrowsniilli, G. A.— Unltf ' Stales, 138
Arrowaniitli, H. & A.- xxvl 3:1.)
Atlerii, Hoyal Salt Wurlu ol.— Zoll-
verein (I), 081
Arthur, sco llulmei, Herbert, & Arthur
Artlmr, Ann. — xix. 09
Arthur* Kdey.- xxix. 183
Arthur Si Frazer. — xii. & xv. 466,
Arthur, J.— i. 402
Arthur, Mary, 8.— xxix. 38
Arthur, O. C. — xxvii. 4
Artluir.T.— XXVI. 303
Artnian. J. — United States, 174a
Arxl, P. L.-i5ollveteiM (0), '.'7
Ailieck, C. & Co.— Kollverein (I), C4J
Ascroft, T. —XXVI. 304
A»li & Sons. — X. 378
Ashhurnliaui, Dowager Lady.— iii. 00
Aslihurv — v. 73'J
Ashl.v, J. V. 202
Ashby, W.- VI. 470
Ashe, Lieut. K. D.— x. 194
Ashe, W. A.— X. 194
Ashtr, A.— United States, 35>
Ashlield, J.— Canadl^ 16 1
Ashford, G. see Asiiford W. & G
Ashford, W, & J.— xvi. 04
Ashinead, sei- Vine & Ashmead
Ashmead & Tyler, .1. T. — XX. 53
Ashme.id He Harlburt. — Uritcd States,
533
Ashton, see Niciiolls & Asliton.
Asliton, A.— XX. 171
Ashtiin, J, 1\- -Canada, 355
Ashton & S<)ns. — xx. .')2
Ashtun, W. — XXX. (Fine Art Court),
Mil
Asliworlh, S. A. — xvm. 87
Askew, C— VI. 611 ; vii. 48
Aspdiii, .s'cr Robins, Aspdin, & Cux
Asperii, W. M. V.— Hamburgh, 88
Aspiiiull, J.— V. 57
Afpinwali & Son. xxvi. 213
A»|iif y, C- XXIX. 50
Asprey, J. - III. !)3
AiMin Uiiiiip.iiiy.- III. 143
Aaair, L. VII. 3
AiaiMiinn, J. Zollvoreln (I), 410
A«li'll ti Co.- tJliina
Aaioii, J. XXII. 301, 307
Anton, W. XXII. 283
A«trath, C. - Anitria, 600.
Ajlnrioa (Oviedo), InB|iect(ir iif the
Mines nl'thit Dii4liict ol'.--.S|Mi!n, 13
Allianoaiiiu, \i. (Jreece, 9.
Atlienoinm Hoot gt .Sliue Wurehuusa|
(Norwich). —XVI. 137
Atln'ra, Lieut.— Van Uiemeii'i I^and,
^J8
Aihi'iton, C. - V. I
Aikin & Son — xxii. 363
Atkins, M'l' llioudlicad & Alkin*. Drock-
Uuik Si Atkins
Atkinson, aiv Hives & Atkinson. Mar-
riott Si Atkinson
Atkinson, U. F.- x. 60')
Atkinson & KIdrid.- xvi. 80
Aikinson, J.- I, 201
Atkinson, R. & Co.— xil. & xv. 256
Atkinson, \V. — XVII, f)6
Atluff, J. G.— XVI. 131 i XX. 32
Atleniiorongli, K. xxill. 113
Atlllild, C— III. 61
Atwouil, G. U.— United Statci, 426
AulMiie). — France, 1035
Aubvrgier, 1*. II. — France, 751
Auhcrt Si Klaflenlierger.— X. 52a
Aul)ert, L. A. — Switzerland, 73
Aultert & Noel.— France, 40J
Aniieux. — France, 1038
Auliin, C— XXII. 603
Anbin, F. we Auhin, H. & F.
Aubin, H. Si F.— XXII. 003
Aubrey, see Jam« & Aubrey
Aubry, Urol hers.— France, 1544
Anclier. — France, 404
Auckland & Waikato Cual Coni|iany.
- — New Zealand, 10
Auclcr, P. see Ancler, W. Sc 1*.
Aucler, W. & P.— Fiance, 1059
Auco4'. — France, 1052
Andeniars, I,.— Switzerland, 22
Aniliat, F. — France, 154i
Aiidot, J. — France, II
Aui?»n, M. — France, 12
Au^nslin, H. F. L.— Zollverein (1), 820
Angustua, K.— United States, 513
Aiild, Denio, Si Malhieaon. — xi. 5
Auldjo, Mis. Ilichardsoii. — xxvi. 405
Auleuzia Coni])y, Madrid. — Spain, 53
Ausf'eld, 11.— Zollverein (I), 704
Auapitz, L. — Austria, 204
Austell, St., Local Committee. — I. ICC,
409
Austin, G, — XXIX. 36 '
Austin, J.— XXVI. 391
Austin, J. B.— II. 114
Austin, W.— XVII. 151; xxix. 217;
XXX. (Fine Art Couit), 313
Australian .-VKricultnral Cuminuv, New
S. Wales, I'J
Auznux, Dr. L. — France, 13
Avunzo, D. — Belgium, 446
Avern, K.— XXII. 303
Averseng & Co.— Algcrio, 3
Avery. — x. 631a, sea also Ambler &
Avery
Avery Si Dan-jar.- xxvi. 389
Avery, O.— Unite<l States, 76
Avignon, Chuinber of Commerce of. —
France, 1019
Avignon, Uo. F. D". — Unitfil Stales,
132; sec also Urady, D' Avignon &
Letter
Avisstau, C, — France, Ift43
Ax, a..' I'lirirrrs Si Ax
Ay('kbourii, F.- vill. 23
Ayers, W. xix. 3«8
Ayne, lliothers. — France, 755
Ayrapet, '■'.- Kiissiii, 201
Aytoii, J, VI. 428
AyvazolV, 8.- - Itunsiu, 91
AzcvimIo, J. It. de. Portugal, 310
AtolV Sim, Cossacks of the. Unaaiii, .'17
Atulay, 11.- I. 224 j viil. 39; xxil.
597 ; XXVI. 04
Aizopardi, J. M. Malta, 20
Bojider, I Zollverein (2), 71
Uaailer, J. A. Si Co.— Z illven'in (2), 22
lliuitard, J. A. SwitiU'ilanil, 235
Uabu-lniani'Vi-rdi-Ogli. — Kusaia, 204.
HabaielV, A. — Uuaxin, SO
Hdiarikin. M.— Itussia, 90
liabb, see Walker Ik llablt ^
liabvr, see.Sniilh & Uaber
Uabbiit.— V. 700
lla'jounon', II. — Russia, 345
lijcchns Si Son*. — XXIV. 19.
liach.— Zollverein (1), 717
llach, a. F. & Son.-Zullv. (.'»), 158
llacli, P. - Fiauce, 1001
liache, Professor, A. D.— United States,
39.5
Dacheley, T. - Portugal, 1015-1020
llacher, A.— Zollverein (l)i 1*^
liachnian, J.— United Slates, 391
Uachner, F. — Austria, 505
Uachoven & Vollschw it/. --Zollverein
(1), 830
Uachrich, J., Austria — 4Aa
liat'.ke, see Knoape Si Uacke
Uackca, J. F. & Co.— Zollv. (I). 411
lluckhauaen, C. & J.— Austria, 219
Uackliauacii,J., see llackhausen, C. & J.
liacon, see Sewell, Kvuns, &c.
Uacon, S. F.— United States, 405
Hacon, W.— xxvi. 218
Uacot, P. & Son.— France, 1002
Uacye, sec Stulibe & Uacye
Uadcock, J.— X. 732
Uaddeiey, J. H.— XXV. 13
liaddeley, W.— v. 409
Baedeker, J.— Zollverein (I), 832
liader, lirothers. — Austria, 250
Badtfley, J. F Canada, 1 1
Badillo, J. M.— Spain, 57
Hadin, J. V. F.— France, 1003 '
Badouin, A. P. — France, 41
Baecher, A. B.— Austria, 575
Uaechca, A, Spain, 2.')8a
Baeuzigi'r& Co.— Switzerland, 112
Baenziger, J. -Switzerland, 188
Baeiiziger, Kolp, & Co.— Switzerland,
150
Baer, see Sprecher & Baer
Baelens, Miss, — xxx. (Fine Art Court),
to lib
Ballco, J. L. F.— Sardinia, 79
B.igaiti, v.- Austria, 010
Uagby, Gov. A. P.— United States, 3.'9
Uagnall & Jesam. — Western end, South
Knclosuie (Outside), 53
Bagot, C.--I. 244
Bagshaw, W. — xxii. 143
Uugster & Sons. — xvii. 87
Baguer. — Russia, 39
Bilin, A. K.— Zollvirein (1), 256
Bahr, H. & Co.— Ilaniburgb, 122
lialir & Marescb. — Austria. (il2
liahrt, H,— Mecklenliurg-Schwerin, 9
Bahuet, A.— France, 17
Baildon, see Newbould & Baildoii
WiroSK NAMKS AI'I'llAIl IN TIIK CATAI.OOUK.
L'xxl
Jo. — SwitiierUiiil,
laer
^Fiiie Art Cuurl),
lktil«>, li. VIII. (il
milvy, i:. il. XXIII. U7
liuiUy, J. -CuiiBilu. 8U
Uulllie, li.- VIII. 7U
lioilliv, K. xxiv. lit
liaillii'ie, J. 11.— Kmiice, 100
liuilly, nrr M.illH A lluilly
liuilly, ('iiMit. , & Null.- Fritiicr, 407
lliiily, K. H. l'.iKi> M7
Ikily, J.- viii. 3Ja
Daily &Hiiii(. xxii. 809, (M'tiii Av«-
iiiiii, Wnt) ) XXX. (If'iiie Art Cuuit),
aU8
Duin, A.— X. 4.1-1
liaiii,C.-vii. ai
llaiii, W. — VII. 107 ! XX. 70
lUiiiltriilKo.J.— XXX. (Fine Art CuurO)
103
Uuiiit'f ic Co. — BaliuiiiM
liuiiivt, J.- XX. 'iUO
IliiiiKV, T.— Cii|i« of (looU Ilu|iii, 07
Uaiiiei, W. -v.OiU
Iluiril, J.~xu. Si XV. 300
MiiinI, J. 11.— VIII 74
Httird, W.— XXIII. 20
Uuji'luire, E. De. — Kiuiice, 18
lluktrttii, T. T. & Sunt.- Switieiluiul,
Mi
Iluker, let Miiy Si Ilaker
linker, A.- Uiiilvtl Slulei, iiJ
Uuker, C— xxil. AOO; xxviii, 8t
llaker&Co.- .\ui. 319, 017
Ikker, K. B.~ xxii. 19
Iluker, H.- x. 3'JO
Ikker, J. 11 United States, 498
Hoker, H.— x. 301
lUker, II. C— xxvii. 54
Uuker, S.— United Stutet, 1
Uuker. S. & Co — Mauiitiui
Iluker, T. K.— viii. '^03
Iluker, Tuckert, & Co.— XVlll. 2
Uuker, W.— xxi. '.iO ; xxii. 03!)
Uuker, W. It.— United SUtet, 401
Uukewcll, K.-- x. 433
Uukewell, W. -xxill. 70
Uukliruiialiin Si Sons. — HiiMin, 'J40
liuloiicc, J. & Sbus.— XVIII. 9
Ualuy, J.— France, 10C4
IluldunuM, see Krunier & Buldamus
Uuldeiiecker, T. U. jnn.— ZuUv. (0) 12
llulea, J. — Canada, 67
llalfdur, J.— XIV. 35
Uulklield & Co.— Mauritius, 0
Uall, Duiniiclin'e & Co.— VI. 00; xix.
19
Bull, R. - XXX. (Fine Art Court), 157
Hull, W.-ix. 132
Ball, W. Y.&Co.— XX. 80
Uullaiitinv & Allan.— XXIV, 78
Uulluntynv & 8on.— xil, & xv. 104
UalleidW, F,— France, 1000
Bulleny, J.— xxil. 299
Bulleras, O. E.— I. 4 ; New Granada, 3
BuUlieimer, see Frale & Ilalllieinier,
Bulling, J. N. — Austria, l.'J3
Bully & Co.— Switzerland, 210
Ually, P.— France, -tOS
Bully, Vy.— XXX. (Fine Art Court), 173
Bulneavis, Lieut. U. C. — New Zealand,
20
Balny, J. P. jini.— France, 10C3
Balthoven, P. Van.— France, 1010
Uultzer, A.— ZoUverein (I), 82
Uumlier & Son. — xxil. 681
Uunil)er){er, L. — Buvnria, 102
Humfi'r-I; J.— XII. * XV. 237
Bumiiton, J. A. — xxvi. I 'JO
Banco, jnn. — France, 4 16
Uonckii, Urotlieia. — xvii. 00
Uundt'lirr, I*. F. 8wit<rrUiid, U
llanini, M. XXIX. 100
Il,ink Park Pvri>|Hdit« Works.— l. 80
Hunk (t^nuy Foundry Coiii|iaiiy (War-
riii|{ton),--v. 412
Buiikurl.-xxil. 343
liuiikurt, F. II. 49
Uunkarl & N.ins, -I. 4J0. xxiv. 87
liuiiki), sr« Alien & liuiiks) Juiiieson &,
Hunk I
Hunks Si Barry .—x. 561
Banks Si Cliu.iiliers, -v. 006
Bunks, K.— XXII. 2s7
Hunks, I,.— VII, M
Hunks, Son, \ Co.— I. 69
Buiinerniun tt .Sons. — xviil. 33
HantiiiK, !'■• see lluntiiiK, W, «( T.
Bunting W.Ik T.— xxvi. 166
Huntliii, C. 1).— Zollvurein (4), 37
Baiitoii, K.— XVI. 56
Hu|iterussei, J. F.— Fmnce, 409
Ilurunluhiiisk, lin{ieriul Iron Works of,
— Uussis, 138
Barunowski, J. J. — France, 15
Burlmiliunne & Co. — France, 1700
Barliut.- France, 1067
UurLs, C— France, 1068
Uarl)euu, J.— C.tiiuda, 110
Burlieaux Lecuyer, L. J.— France, 10
Uurbvdiunne, J., d Co. — France, |7J3
BarU', net Fii.li, Barber, & Co. ; Jor-
dan & Uurlicr
llarliei-Ueuuinont, O. D. — v. 702
Burlier, C. A.— xxviii. 118
Burlier, Howse, Si Mead. — xii.&xv. 10
Barber, Jumes, Si Co, — rliiiiu,
Burlier, Messrs,- Canada, 140
Hurber, S.— xx, 07
Burlier & Sons,-xn. & XV. 100
Uurlieri. — Uanic, I J
Barljciti, A.— Tuscany, 74. 80
Burlielli, U,— Tnscany, 70. 77
Burble, J. — Sardinia, 06
Bnrbirri, De, — Surdiniu, 93
Hurliotin & Leg;on',--Frttnce, ID'S
Buriiozo, Joze, — Portugal, 683. 040,
O.'iO
llurbrinsky, Count A, — Ituisio, 56
Barcelona, Inspector of Minei. of the
District uf. — Spuin, 2
Burclny, G. — xxx.(Fine Art Court) 285
Barclay, J.- -vii. 117
Burcluy, Miss P. S. — xxx. (Fine Art
Court) 2fc0
Burcluy & Son.— iv. 24
BarilotViiky, T.— Russia, 265
Dardvn'Il,W.— xxx. (Fine Art Crt.) 1 75
Barez, see Cuurtey, llrotliers, & Uarez
Bardfeld, C— ZoUverein, (1;, 188
Burlord, F.— xx. 170
Barge, II. — xxu. 144
Uarinir, Brothers. — China
Baring, Thns., M. P.— Austria, 74G
Barker, CM.— VI. 417
Borker & Co.— iv. 62
Barker, G xxvi. 147
Barker, J.— IX. 230; xvii, 189
Barker, Dr. J.— x. 049
Uatkir, K.— XXI. 37
Uurker.T. J.— xxx. (Fine Art Court) 131
Barker, W.G.- XVI. 188
Burkly, Mrs. — British Guiunu, 1 20, 128,
129, 133
Hurling. J.— x. 90 ; xxili. 85
Darling & Sons, — xxix, 300
Darlow. — V, 640
Barlow, A. — vi. 82
Barlow, C— vi. 41
Darlow, K.— United Stales, 300
Uurlow, G<Mddy, Si Jones. — xi. 3J
Harliw, II, B.--VI.013
Barlow h Ilenld. - v. 040
Harlow, J. XXII. 4Sj
Ikuli.w, P. W.- V. 601
Barlow, T. H.-Unlled 8i«Im, CO
Barlow, W. Il.-v. eOi
Barn, T. A.— Houlh Afriea, 40
Bariiuuulsk lin|ieriul Works.— Uussia, 4
Burnurd & Bisliop, - XXII. 34
Barnard, K.— XIX. 04
Barnuid, J.— United SlatM, 17) Van
Diemen's Lund, 143
Barnes, tee Greenwood ti Uaritw.
llur-ies ic Co., Bahamas,
Barnes, K.- XII. & XV. IMO.
Ilurnes, (J. see liarnei, T. & O.
Barnes, J. B.— ll. 43
! Bumes, J. tc W.— XXIX. 13. '
Barnes, R. Y, ix. 03
Barnes, T,-xi, 10.
Hurnes,T, &(J.— XX. 27
Barnes, W.— XXIV. 4U. Unllesl Sluirt,
246) Sfoalsullarnes, J. & W.
Harnett, .Mrs. Kdwurrl.- llaliania*
Hurnicotl, see Beaoli li Buriiioott
Uariiicot & Hirst.— xil. & xv. 105
Barnouln & Co m« Fubreguf-Nuurry,
Uarnonin, & Co.
Burnwell Si Son.- XXII. 678
Boron, Bruthert.- United Btutei, 353,
370
Baron, F.— Portugal, 1154
Baron & Ulilinan. — Switzerland, 74
Baronnet, see Rousselet & liuronnel
Barossa Range Mining Co. — South
Australia, 3
Burraclougti, S.— xvi. 148
Burruclough, W. & Sun.— Xil. & xv.
133
Barral, C— France, 410
Burrallon & Brotsard. — France, 16
Barruiide, J. B. — France, 750 '
Burrasa, M,— S|iain, 228
Uurruiid & Lund.— x. 34
Uarre, D. G. I.A-Canttdu, 17
Durre & Kuester.— ZoUverein (1), 827
Haj' -e, B.— France, 40
B'xrre-Russin.— France, 20
Barres Brothers. — France, 41
Uarrelo, F. T.— Portugal, 1123b
Barrett & Co.— VI. 410
Barrett, see Fox & Durrett
Barrelt,Capt.— I. 511
Barrett & Corney. — xix. 76.
Barrett, Exall, & Andrew*.- VI. 410;
IX. 128
Barrett, J,— xxvi. 305
Barrett, R. M — x. 349
Barrett & Sun.— xxix. 308
Barrie, J.— xxvi. 104
Barrirntos, F. — Siiain, 83
Harrington, see Fox & Harrington
Barritl & Co.— xvii. 190
Barritt,J.L.— xxx. (Fine Art Court) 339
Barron. — xxil. 622
Barron & Sun.— xxil. 003
Burrow. — xxil. 4 a
Barrow, R. — Western end, South enclo-
sure (OuUide), 41; I. 205
Barrowman, J. — ix. 40
Harry, see Banks & Barry
Barry & Barry.— i. 1 78
Harry, C— xxvii. 27. 92
Barsnaghan. — Russia, 312
Barsham, J. — iv. 56a
Bnrshain, Son, & Co.— xxix. 213
BartelmuSj Brothers, & Bernhardi.-~
Austria, 432
Bartels, J. C. M.— Hamburgh, 106
Hurth, Brothers.— ZoUvereiu (2), 67 ' •
cxxu
INDEX OF EXHIBITORS AND OTHERS
Darih, J. A.— Zollverein (3), 179
Barlli, Moiiiiiij;, & Plicliun. — France, 21
Barlhel, J. C— Zollverein (5), 5
Bartlielati, L.— France, 757
BartholomeMr, F. H.— Uniteil Stalea,335
Uartleet, W. & Soni.— xxii. 329
Bartlemorp, see Kelsall & Barllemore
BartleU, see Wcbt)er & Battlelt ; W. 1*
and Burtlelt
Bartletf, A. O.— xxix. 291
Bartlett, R. M— United Statea, 30
Bartley— XVI. 97.
Bartolome, M. — Spain, 126
Barton, see Mallelt & Barton
Barton, C. D.— United States, 228
Barton, H. W.— x. 703
Bartram, A. — Canada, 162
Bartriim & Pretyman. — xxil. 25
Baruch Toledano. — Algeria, 59
Barwell & Co.— xxil. 536
Barwia, W. H. B.— Western end, South
encloiure (Outside), 12
Bary, T. de, & BisclioiT.— Switzerland,
152
Basely. — France, 41 1
Basli!ini, F.— United States, 315
Bashkirs, tribe of the.— Russia,133. 200
Basin, A. — France, 758
Baskcoml), G. H.— v. 804
Baskett, see Martin, Baskett, & Martin
Buss, J.— II. 95
Hass, J. H. — xxviii. 124
Bast, C. de.— Belgium, 1S9
Basse and Fisclier. — Zollverein (1), 664
Basset, see Cliatelain & Biisset
Bastard, A. de. — France, 1717
Bastien, M.— Canada, 70
Bastoi, F. Pinto, & Co. — Portugal,
9. 279. 290. 455-457.581. 629. 631.
1044. 1109
Bafiiille, v.— France, 42
Batailler, A. P. K.— France, 412
Batalha, F. R.— Portugal, 40lA.
4!)dA. 406a. 505. 309. 341-513, 558.
Batatlio, see Miranda, Balalho, & Co.
Baleman. — Western end, North enclo-
sure (Outside), 59
Bateman, I). & Sons. — xxil. 81
Bateman, J. — viil. 335
Bateman, Dr. J.— x. 187
Bateman, J. & A. Moore— xxil. 524
Bateman, James. — xxii. 84
Bateman, Mrs.— United States, SS7
Bates, see Mayo & Bates
Bates, F.— IX. 186
Bates, Hyde, & Co.— United States, 440
Bates, Jemima. — xix. 375
Bates, T.— VII. 69
Bates, T. H.— xxvi. 44
Biteson & Co.— XII. & xv. 39
Bathier, V. — France, 22
Batjeman, H. C— United States, 552
Batka, Wenzel.— Austria, 9. 100. 135.
629
Ratley, see Hi)dge & Batley
Baton, VV. & Son.— France, 1069
Batsford,J.— xxx.(FineArtCourt),26'?
Batt, R. & Sons.— XX. 1 1 6a.
Balfam, T.— xxv. 53
Battagia, G.— Austria, 366 . .
Batten, A.— i. 19
Batten, D.— xvii. 59
Battenberg, G. — France, 1070
Batters, Martha.— xix. 96
Battie, see Jowitt & Baltic
Batty & Feast.— III. 116
Batty, T.— United States, 3.M
Bats, P.— Zollverein (3), 150
Bauch.— Netherlands, 98
Bauch, F. T.— Zollverein (1), 728. 793
Bauchau De Bore, A. — Belgium, 362
Bauchet-Verlinde. — France, 413
Baudon. — France, 43
Baudry, see Gide & Baudry
Baudry, A. T.— France, 1071
Bauer & Fuerbringer.— Zollv. (1), 723
Bauer, G.— Zollverein (2), 78
Bauer, J. — Austria, 504
Bauer & Krebs.- Zollverein (5), 13
Bauer, R.— Zollverein (I), '223
Bauer, Theodor, & Co. — Austria, 205
Bauerkeller. — Zollverein (6), 6
Bauerkeller & Co.— France, 1072
Haugh, see Stainburn & Baugh
Baugh— Deeley, & Co.— I. 401
Baughen, Brothers. — xii. & xv. 183
Baughen, T., see Baugben, R. & T.
Bauhofer, F.— Austria, 388
Baum, E.— Zollverein (I), 760
Baumann, A. — Switzerland, 239
Baumann, Louise. — Zollverein (1), 224
Baumann & Streueli — Switzerland, 153
Baumann, T. — Zollverein (1), 76
Baumann & Wunsch. — xil. & xv. 206
Baumgardten & Hains. — Hamburgh, 12
Baunscheidt, C. — Zollverein, 344
Baup, H. — Switzerland, 52
Baur, Brothers.— Zollverein (4), 87
Bautte, T. F.— Switzerland, 236
Bauwens, L. F.— iv. 26
Havay, P, De— Belgium, 361
Baxter. — xvii. 172
Baxter, G.— XXX. (Fine Art Court), 115
Baxter, J.— xxx. (Fine Art Court), 334
Baxter, R.— xvi. 156 ; xxvi. 380
Bay, J. De. — France, 45 ; Main Avenue
lilast, 573
Bayard, H. — France, 414
Bayer, J. G.— Austria, 351
Bayley and Craven. — xviii. 31
Bayley, J. — vili. 352
Barley, J. B.— South Africa, 5
Bayley, R.— x. 27J
Bayley, W.— xxiii. 75.
Baylis & Son. — vill. 251a
Bayliss, T.— vii. 131
Biyman, H.— v. 485
Kaynes, R. Agnes, — xix. 97
Bayno, J. — Sardinia, 48
Bay vet. Brothers, & Co. — France, 413
Bazalay, M. — Russia, 164
Bazanget, A. — Main Avenue East, 97
Bazin, sen. — France, 1073
Bazin, A. — France, 4IG
Bazin, G.— xxix. 178
Hazin, Xavier. — United States, 36
Bazley, see Gardner & Bazley
Bazley, T.— xi. 53 ; South At'i ica. 30d
Beach, Brothers — Uniteil States, 544
Beach, V\'.— xxi. 48 ; Uniteil States, 592
Beach & Barnicott— xix. 222
Beacock, see Smith, BeacocV, &Tannett
Beadon, G., Cant. R.N. — vm. 90; ix.
20Sb
Beadon, W. — vii. 51
Beale Brown, T. — xiv. 77
Beale & Latchmure— xx. 204
Beale, Rev. J. B.— ii. 3
Beales, see Taylor & Beales
Beall, see Brailbnry, Greatorex, & Beall
Beamish. — i. 1 12
Bean, S. K. T.— Canada, 142
Bean, S. Hutley .—Canada, 137
Beaney, T. — XXIX. 130
Bear, H. — Mecklenliurg-Schwerin, 8
Beard, see Kirby, Beard, & Co.
Beard, J. — France, 759
Beard, R.— x. 292
Bearde, S.— Omado, 93, 08
Beardsell, C. & Sods.- xii. & xv. 120
Beardsell, I. & Co.— xii. & xv. 109
Bearfiiot, R.— vm. 274
Beorn & JetTs.- XVI. 118
Beart. — xxvi, 282 : see also Roberts &
Beart
Beart, R.— vi. 301 ; ix. 34
Beat tie, J.— vm. 216
Beattie, W.— xxill. HO
Beau, Le, see GritUths & Le Beau
Beauclerc, l.'apt. G. — xxx. (Fine Art
Court), 156; xxx. (Sculpture Cit.),
51. 63
Beaulils.— France. 1074
Beauford, R.— X. 4U6
Beaufort, Miss. — xx. 156a
Beaufort, De. — France, 40
Beaumont, see Vickerman & Beaumont
Beaumont, G. D. Barber.— v. 752
Beaumont, W.— xii. & xv. 72
Beauregard. — Algeria, 4
Beauvais, C— France, 1076
Beauvais, National Mauufaclure of.—
France, 1367
Beauvoys, Cli. De. — France, 46
Beavis, J.— xix. 393
Becerril, A. — Spain, 71
Becherer, J. — Zollverein (1), 141
Bechot, jun. — France, 48
Bechslein, see Rupp & Bechstein
Beck, see Smith and Beck
Beck & CO.— Simhi, 134
Beck, F.— Sweden, 104
Beck, G. F.— Zollverein (3), 65
Beck, Henry.— Zollverein (3), 149
Beck & Heynig.— Zollverein (3), 148
Beck, R.— xvi. 247
Beck & Son.— Belgium, 324
Beck & Sons. — Switzerland, 163
Becker, see Seeling & Becker
Becker, C— Netherlands, 83
Becker, F. C— Zollverein (1), 232
Keeker & Kronick. — Austria, t)43
Becker, Sapp, & Co.— Zollv. (1), 471
Becker & Scliraps. — Zollverein (3), 84
Beckers, O. E.— v. 503,
Beckett, E. G.— v. 106
Beckett, G.— xvi. 220
Beckford, T. & Gosling, W.— IX. 60
Beckli, Brothers.- Zollverein (I), 174
Beckmann, J. J. C. — Lubeck, 4
Beckwith, H.— VIII. 220
Becquet, see Guynet & Becquet
Bedel. — Algeria, 5
Bedford, see Wood & Bedford
Bedford, Bonson, Drake, & Co.— West-
em end. South enclosure (Outside),
24
Bedford, F.— xxx. (Fine Art Court) 80
Bedford, J.— vi. 426
Bedington. — xxii. 370
Beiiluno, Peasant Women of. — Russia,
350
Bee, B VIII, 324
Bee, J. F.— British Guiana, 5, 17, 18,
29, 74-76, 82, 83, 102c, 103, I03a,
IOhi, 105,1, 116-1I7A. 124, 134, 156.
158
Beecham.— xxx. (Fine Art Court 332
Beecham, Rev. Dr. — Western Africa, 12
Beeching, J.— vm. 136
Becchy, Rev. St. V.— x. 263
Beeck, J. C. Van der.— Zollverein (I),
494
Beeckmans, J. — Belgium, 1 70
Bcecroft, Butler, & Co.— i. 415; v. 6<16
Beeilham, see Luard, Beedlium, & Co.
Beeftingh, N. Van, & Co. — Netherlands,
27
Beek, B. Van.— Netherlands, 80
Beer, see Jenkins & Bsw
WHOSE NAMES APPEAR IN THE CATALOGUE.
cxxut
& XV. 109
kiso Hoberts &
}4
Le Beau
[X. (Fine Art
sulpture C>t.),
I 8i Beatimont
-V. 733
V. 7i
76
jfacture of.—
ce, 46
(I), 141
echstein
k
(3), 65
I (3), 140
rein (3), 1-18
324
1(1, 163
cker
8J
h 0). 232
ria, ti43
Uv. (1), 471
rereiu (3), 84
.—IX. 60
rein (I), 174
eck, 4
icquet
lord
Co.— West,
re (Outside),
irt Court) 80
of. — Russia,
«, 5, 17, 18,
103, 103a,
24, 134, 156.
Court 332
irn Africa, 1 2
jllverein (1),
170
415; V. 646
hum, &, Co,
Netlierlands,
Is, 80
Beere, G.— v. 467
Beemaert, A.— Belgium, 43!)
Beeriiaertli& DeCu.ypere,H. — Belgium,
326
Beers, tee Monalian Ss Beer*
Beeson, J. — xxx. (Kiiie Art Cour»)1 1 1a
Beetten, J. Van.— ZoUverein (8), 12
Beeston, J.— VII. 191
Beeston, J. S.— XX. 162a.
Beevor, J. — xxix. 2U4
Hegent, T. J,— xxvni. 110
Begg, W. «.— v. 407 ; xxix. 109
Begon, Brother*. — France, 49
Begsteiger, M. — Austria, 689
Beguin, A. — France, 23
Behault, Du Carmois de. — Belgium,
191
Beheyt —Belgium, 76
Behm, F.— Zullverein (1), 685
Behnes. — xxx. (Sculpture Court), 54.
77. Page 847
Belir, C— Austria, 645
Behr, F. L.— Belgium, 20
Behr & Schubert.— Zullv. (3), 50
Behrend &Sclimidt.— Zullverein (1), 98
Belirens, J.— xii. & xv. 180
Behrens, J. C. — Lulieck, 3
Beinhauer, C. — Hamlmrgh, 121
Beir, N. le. — Jersey and Guernsey, 36
Beiser, W.— Zollv. (1) 748
Beisiegel, H. — Austria, 667
Beissel & Sun.— ZoUverein (1), 407
Beitl, F.— Austria, 438
Belcher, 1. — xxi. 42
Belfast Royal Flax Improvement So-
ciety.— rv. 106
Belfast School of Design.— xx. 118;
xxx. (Fine Art Court) 338
Belibin, P.— Russia, 217
Belisle-Callaud, Nouel, Detinan, & Co.
see Cullaud, &c. and Co
BelilchefT, M.— Russia, 330
Brll, fee Watsbii, Bell, & Co.
Bell & Black.- XXIX. 243
Bell, (;.— XVI. £3
Bell & Co.— 11. 66 ; xxv. 26
Bell, D.— XXVI. 212
Bell, E. B.— Unitwl .5|tales,176
Bell, F. & Co.— IX. 197
Bell, H— VIII. 14, 157; x. 715
Bell, J. L.— II. 12
Bell, J.— I. 189; li. 116; xxvii. 57
Bell, .T. & Co.— xxvii. 96
Bell, John. — XXII. 232. 340. 641 ;
xxx. (Sculpture Court), 24, 71, 72.
Page 847
Bell, Major— xvii. 203
Bell, P. W.— Canada, 103, 173
Bell, R.— XXIX. 101
Bell,T.— X. 679; XIV. 63; United
States, 103
Bell, T. & Co.— XIV. 6
Bell, W.— VII. 63
Bell, W. C. -XXX. (Fine Art CrI.), 249
Bell, W. P.— Canada, 280
Bellamy, «ee Barney & Bellamy
Bellange, A. L. — France, 1077
Bclleaby, W.— xxvi. 145
Belleville, Brolliers.— France, 1078
Bellhouse, E. T. & Co.— v. 416
Bellioni-Ance, L. — Belgium, 319
Hello, J.G.— PortURul, 1123d. 1126.
Bfllon, J. & Co.— France, 1079
Bellot, see Sellier & Bellut
Uelmonte, Count de. — Portugal, 386-
389
Belmotite, R.— Spain, 256
Beloe, W. L.— x. 709
Below, F.— Zollvepeiii (1), 233
Beivalette, Brother*. — France, 50
Belvidere Manufacturing Co. (Kich-
mond)— United States, 282
Bemaud, R. — Belgium, 478
Ben Zekri. — Algeria, 7
Benagazil, Viscount de. — Portugal, 307.
324. 328. 339. 366. 376, 377. 402
Benbow, Mrs. — xix. 100
Bencraft, S— France, 24
Benda, George. — ZoUverein (2), 1. 9
Bendall, J.— IX. 32
Benecke, W. — Mecklenburg-Strelitz, 1
Benecke, W. & Co.— xviii. 42
Beneden, Van. — Belgium, 345, 346
Benedig, J. — Austria, 356
Benes, Miss M. — Algeria, A
Bengen, D.— ZoUverein (1), 231
Benham & Sons.— xxu. 98
Benham, W. A.— in. 38
Beni Abbes, Tribe of the.— Algeria, 53
Beni Snous, Tribe of the. — Algeria, 67
BeningHeld, W. — xxiv. 45
Benito, M. — Spain, 78
Benjamin,J.R.— l'nitedStates,152,251
Benjamin & Moses. — New Soulli Wales
Benjumea, J. M.— Spain, 185. 189a
Benkowits, Marie. — Austria, 389
Bennati, J. — Sardinia, 59
Benner, Dr. VV. — xvii. 60
Bennert & Bivort.— Belgium, 390
Bennett, see Lincoln and Bennett
Bennett, A, see Bennett, J. & A.
Bennett & Adams. — xiv. 11
Bennett, Carr, & Co.— I. 450
Bennett & Co.— xii. & xv. 185
Bennett, E.— viii. 293 ; xxx. 268
Bennett, G. W.— x. 49
Bennett, H. — ix. 75
Bennett, J. — vi. 215 ; x. 1
Bennett, J. & A.— xil. & xv. 05
Bennett, T.— I. 498 ; xxiil. 18
Bennighauss, J. C— Zollv. (1), 679
Benno-Niveta. — Russia, 273
Bennoch, Tweutyman, & Rigg. — xix.
394
Benoit, A. — Sardinia, 33
Benoit, F.— Belgium, 369
Benouville, M. — France, 760
Benson, C. — xvi. 12
Benson, W. — in. 39; Spain, 251
Bentall, E. H.-ix. 217
Benfinck, Col. H.— xix. 400
Bentley — viii. 261 ; see also Hammers-
ley & Bentley
Bentley, J.— X. 213
Bentley, J. F.— iii. 4
Bentley & St)n.— viii. 221
Bentley, W. H.— xxii. 606
Henzon. — Denmark, 45
Benzuni, G. — Austria, 725
Benzoni, Gio. Maria. — Rome, 16
Beranger, J, & Co.— France, 761
Berard & Co. — France, 51.
Berckmaiis, J. — Belgium, 170
Berden, F. & Co.— Belgium, 174
Berend, see Arndt & Berend
Berend, W. — Hamburgh, 45
Berenguer, J. B. — Spain, 192a
Berenharts, A. & Co. — Belgium, 331
Berg, Brothers.— Zollv. (1), 873
Berg, F Austria, 579
Berge, Brolliers. — ZoUverein (G), 60
Berger, see Burgiin, Waller, &c. and Co.
Berger, C. H.— Austria, 380
Berger, F.— i. 439 (Main Avenue,
West); France, 418
Berger, J.— l. .'il8 ; Austria, 309
Berger, Madame.— Belgium, 349
Berger, S.& €•).— in. 130.
Berger, Walter.- France 25. 1072
Bergewall, F. — Sweden & Norway, 19
Bergin, M. O.— vn. 183
Berginann & Co.— Zullverein (1), 106
Bergmann, L. — ZoUverein (1), 268
Bergmann, W.— ZoUverein (1), 207
Bergquist. — Sweden, 60
Bergstrom, J. W.- Sweden, 68, 77. 8.5 .
Bergue, C. de— v. 502 ; vi. 45
Birichon, M. Eug. — Mauritius
Beringer, B. — France, 1546.
Beriiigton, J.— viil. 213
Berland, J. — Jersey & Guernsey, 4
Berlin, L. R. & Lode.— Zollv. (I), 342
Berlin Royal Prussian Iron Fiiuiidry.—
Zollv. (1), 271, (Main Avenue East)
Berliner, A. — France, 52
Berlioz & Co. — France, 53
Bermann, J. — Austria, 370
Bermingham, T.— vu. 13
Bemadun, H. A. — Algiers
Bemaert & De Cuyjier, H. — Belgium,
326
Bernard. — France, 420
Bernard, Brothers. — ZoUverein (6), 9
Bernard, D. F.— France, 762.
Bernard, J. — xxix. 177
Bernard, J. B.— France, 1081.
Bernard, Hon. Jane G.— xix. 372
Bemiinl, Jules, see Obry, Jules Bernard,
& Co.
Bemard, L. — France, 1547.
Bernard, St., Board of Direction of the
House of Correction at — Belgium, 226
Bernardel, senior. — France, 421
Bernardis. — Austria, 430
Bernardis, Bernardo de. — Austria, 141b.
430 (Main Avenue, East) ; 633, 643,
646
Berncastle, Dr. — China
Bernhard, AKnger, J.— Zollv. (1), 309
Bernhard, von Saiiden. — Zollv. (I), 14
Bernhard, W.— ZoUverein (3), 121
Bernhardi, see Bartelmus, Brothers, &c.
Bernhardt, G. — Sweden, 87
Berni & Melliard.— xx. 103
Bernimolin, N. & Biothurs. — Belgium,
150
Bernoville, Larsonnier, & Cheiiest. —
France, 1548
Bemstorff & Eichwede, — Hanover, 8
Berr & C». — France, 54
Berrall, W, and Son.— xvi. 115
Berres, M.— ZoUverein (1), 385.
Berretta, Daniele. — Rome, 6
Berrie, see Auld, Berrie, & Mathieson
Berriedale, Lord. — v. 403
Berrus, Brothers. — France, 55
Berry, B. & Sons.— vi. 48
Berry, Brothers. — xill. 75
Bert.- France, 763
Bert. J.— Si<aiii, 246
Bert, J. J.— Spain, 245.
Bertani, A. — Belgium, 477
Bertaud,jun. — France, 1549
Berteche, Chesnon, & Co. — Fiance,
1082
Berthault.— France, 56
Betthelot, N.— France, 422
Berthelot & Bonte.— Belgium, 216
Berthiot. — France, 57
Berthon, Rev. E. L.— vili. 104
Bertlioven, Van. — Belgium, 502
Bertinetli, P.— Sardinia, 61
Rertini,G. — Austria, 737 (Main Avenue,
East)
Bertonnet. — France, 58
Berlou, H.— France, 1084
Bertram, J. — viii. 136
Bertrams, Mrs.— Jersey and Guernsey, 4 1
Bertrund, A. — France, 764
Bertrand, F. & Co.— France, 09
CXXIV
INDEX OF EXHIBITORS AND OTHERS
i
1
Itertraiul, Gayet, & Dumoutat. — France,
108ft
Dcrtrand, Piovancber, — France, 970
Beunt.— X. 360.
Bescania, F.— Spain, 230
Betcber, R. F— France, 60
Beieke.— Kuwio, 303
Betley, R. & Co.— xvii. 199
Beinard,lticboux, & Geuett. — France,6 1
lietaalie, H. P.— ZuUverein (1). 71
Benarabia, School of Horticulture.—
' Kuuia, 4 1
Bewemer, H.— v. 421 ; -vi, 400
BeiMnt, Maria. — xxix. 293
Beuon, A. D. — Switzerland, 40
lletaon, G. A. — France, 424
Best, Messrs. — Van Dieinen's Land, 345
Best,T.— X. 330; xxix. 37
Ueswick, J.— iii. lUO
Beswick, R.— xxvil. 106
Betbel, Ware, & Co.— xx. 76
Betbell, J.— IV. 21
Bettany, aee Anderson & Bettauy
Betteley. — vm. 97
Bettelcy, J.— vm. 63
Betteley, J. & Co.— viii. 97
Bettigiiies, M.— France, 1086
Bettle, P.— X. 679*
Bettridge, see Jenueiis & Bcttridge
Belts, A X. 619
Bettu, E. r..— xxvii. 22
Beugger, J. — Switzerland, 113
Bevan, C.— xxviii. 171
Bevan, H.— v. 105
Beveridge, E. — xiv. 29
Bevington & Morris. — xvi. 3.32 (Main
Avenue West, 301); .\xviii. 38
Bevington & Sons. — xvi. 1
Bewick. J.— I. 4-.'3
Bexley, Lord. — iii. 100
Bey, H.— Hamburgh, 73
Beyer, \. — Austria, 495
Beyer & Co.— ZoUverein (3), 51
Beyer & Heinz. — ZoUverein (I), 761
Beyerhaus, A. — ZoUverein (1), 144
Beyerle, G. — France, 765
Bezault, J. & Co.— France, 425
Bezronkavnikuff-Sokoluff, A. — Russia,
248
Bianciii, J. & Duseigneur. — France,
1037—1273
Biaucliiui, G.— Tuscany, 113
Biancbini, Luigi. — Rome, 1 1
Biancoui, F.— ZoUverein (1), 205
Biancoucini, Count. — Rome, 4
Biancoucini, Count Biagio. — Rome, 1
Biber, L.— France, 6;
Bicalbo, tlie Maimfacturers of. — Portu-
gal, 1294
Bicbeno, J. E. — Van Diemen's Land,
294. 326. 3J7
Bickford, Smitb,& Davey.— I. 424
Bickle, W.— V. 131
Bidden.— IX. 124
Bidden, G. A.— xxii. 438
Biddle, D.— XIX. I
Bidille, J.— XX. 207 ; xx«. 297
Biddulpb,J.— I. 417; v. 615
Bidetbrd Anthracite Mining Co. — 1.242
niilen, F. see Biden, J. & F.
Uiden,J.&F.— xxm. 61
Bidwell, J.— Persia, 7
Bidwcll, J. G.— New Soutii Wales, U
ilidwell, Rev.W.ll.— United Slates,477
Biedermann, M. L. & Co. — Austria, '^06
Biefang, C— ZoUverein (I), 661
Blegel, J.— ZoUverein (1), 311
Bielefeld, C. F.— xxvi. 157 (Main
Avenue West) ; xxvi. Bay I, 25
Bienaime, A.— Spain, 293
Bienert, D. & Son.— Austria, 143
Biencrt, F. — Austria, 303
Bier, see Steinbaeuer & Bier
Bier, Brutbers.— Zollv. (I), 673
Biertumpfel, H.— vi. 506
Biffen, W.— viu. 179
Bifield, Caroline.— XXVI. 534
Bigaglia, Lorenzo, see Bigagliii, P.
Bigaglia, P. (late Lorenzo Bigaglia). —
Austria, 600
Bigaglia, Pietro. — Austria 34
Bigford, H.— XXII. 650
Bigg, H. & Son.-x. 676
Bigg. T.— IX. 65
Biggin & Sons.— XXII. 212
Biggs. S.— XXII. 453
Biggs & Sons.— XX. 205
Bigotti, L.— Tusca ly, 78
Bihet, H.— Belgium, 93
Bill* & Co.— VIII. Ill
Billamore, Mrs. — xxvi. 230
Billecoq. A. — France, 20
Billeter, Z.— Switzerland, 147
BilliaUl, see Wbitlock & Billiald
BiUiard, L.— Belgium, 70
Biliiet & Huot.— France, 1550
Billings & Ambrose. — United Statcs,34
billinton, W.— v. 468
Uillson & Hames.— XX. 201
Binder, Traugott. — Austria, 207
Bingham, H. J.— x. 302
Bingley, H.— xxx. (Fine Art Crt), 226.
Hingley, M. — xvii. 61
Bingman & Co. — ZoUverein (6), 85
Binks, B.-xii. & xv. 31
Binns & Gooilwin. — xvii. 14
Biniis, H. W. — XXIV. .34
Binns, W. — vi. 55.
Binsmead, J. — x. 474 .
Binyon, A.— x. 610
Biofley, F.— Belgium, 198
Biondek, M. — Austria, 6(>0
Biondetti, H.— France, 706
Birch, J.— VI. 4U6
Bird, see Gadd & Bird
Bird, A.— XXII. 267
Bird, Alfred.— XXII. COO
Bird & Co.— I. 411
Bird, E.— XXVII. 83
Bird, J.— I. 457a
Bird,R.-xii. &XV. 223
Bird, W.— XVI. 1S9
Birk.— ZoUverehi (1), 191
Birker & Hartman.— Zullverein (2), 2
Hirkin, R.— VI. 94; XIX. 20
Birkmann, M. — ZoUverein (J), 79
Birnbaum, J. —Austria, 95
Birnstell,J. — ZoUverein (6), 71
Birrell, D.— xiv. 27
Birt, H.— XX. 153
Bischol'.— ZoUverein (I), f.82
Hischofl', tee Bary, T. de, & Uischoff
Bischofi; C.A.& Co.— ZoUverein (2)98
Bischoii; C. J — Switzerland, 157
BiscbotV, Brothers.' — Switzerland, 152
Bischolf, Siber, Switzerland, 152.
Biscbop & Rbudius.— Zollv. (1). 312
Bishop, see Barnard & Bishop; Gill &
Bishop
Bisliop, J.— V. 805; xxx. (Fine Art
Court), 278
Bisliop, J. C. — X. 5.i3
Bisbupp, Rev. J.— XXII. 591
Bisiaux. — France, 707
Biss, J.— xxx. (Fine Art Court,) 307
Bisse, L. E.— Belgium, 87
Bissen. — Denmark, 38 (Main Avenue,
East)
Bisso, Brotliers. — Sardinia, CO
Bision, J. jun.— France, lU!i8 ,
Bislrom, Baron. — Russia, 46
Bistrom, Madame. — Russia, 215
Bittner, D. — Austria, 144
Bittner, F.— Austria, 699
Bituminous Shale Co. — i. 221
Biven & Co.— in. 8
Bjurk, C. L. — Sweden & Norway, 1 1
Biorkman, J. L. — Sweden, 103
Black, see Bell & Black
Black, B.— XXII. 464
Black, Dr.— X. 453
Black, H. & Co.— v. 806
Black, J.— VI. 138 .
Black, J. & Co.— xvin. 61 .* '
Black & Wingate.— XII. & xv. 204
Blackburn, Ann Maria.— XLX. 103
Blackburn, B. — xxvii. 21
Blackburn, J. — South Africa, 18
Blackburn & Thomson. — Van Diemen's
Land, 343
Blackelt, Walter.— xxx. (Fine Art
Court,) 55
Blackball, J.— ix. 33
Blackmore, Brothers. — xix. 325, 337
Blackmore, Mary. — xxix. 125
Blackmore, W.— vi. 428
Blackville. — New Brunswick, 12
Blackwell, R. see Blackwell, S. & R.
Blackwell, S. H— I. 427
Blackwell, S. & R.— xvi. 78
Blackwell, W.— x. 653, 734
Blackwood & Co. — xvii. 165a
Bladel, see Dieudoune & Blade 1
Blaeser, G.— ZoUverein (1), 310
Blagg, see Cooiier & Blagg
B1aha& Rosenberger. — Austria, 251
Blain, see Corry, Blain, & Co.
Blaikie, J. — ix. 89a
Blair, U. — British Guiana, 71, 72
Blair, J.— XXII. 409; vm. 303
Blair, R.— vui. 136
Bluis, see Louis, Blais, & Co.
Blaize, H.— France, 1089
Blake, see Stephenson & Blake
Blake & Parkin.— xxil. 193
Blake, W.— United States, 233
Blakely, E. T.— xil. & xv. 285
niakeslee, J.— United States, 131
Blanchard, M. H. — xxvii. 92
Blancbet, see Roller & Blancbet
Blanchet, Brothers. — France, 768
Blancbet, Brothers, & Kleber. — France,
1U90
Blancber, J. B. — France, 27
Blancke, E.— ZoUverein (1 ), 801 ,
Bland, Dr.— New South Wales, 17 '
Bland.J. G.-ix. 205 '
Bland, M.— XXVI. 112
Bland, .S. K.— xxiv. 80
BIank,E. &H.— Zollv.(l),656 ;(3), 70.
Blank, H., tec Blank, E. & H.
Blankenbnrg, F. — rJoUvereiii (1), 501
lUankenstein. — /u'lverein (1) 842
Blanqiiart, E. — Fiance, 1551
Blanzy, Puure, & Oo. — France, 28
Itlaquicre, ,1. M, — France, 1562
Blasclika & Co. — Austria, 294
Bloschka & Sons. — /.ustria, 601
Blaylock, J.— x. 92
Blech,Steiubacb,& Mantz. —France, 29
Bleckmaiin, J. E. — ZoUverein (^t\ iil'i
Blee.R.- 1. 459. 512
Bleekrode, Prof. S.— Netherlands, 1
Bleibtreu, L.— ZoUverein (1), 313
Bleibtreu, L. O.— ZoUverein (I) 686
Bleriot & Lemaitre. — France, 3(i
Bleuze, H.— Fiance, 1091
BlewB & Sons.— XXII. 349
Bley, J. — Austria, 505
Blind Asylum (Glasgow). — xviii. 56a
t*
WHOSE NAMES APPEAR IN THE CATALOGUE.
cxxv
40
sia, 215
4
I
[. 221
Norway, 1 1
n, 103
6
51
& XV. 204
-XIX. 103
2t
frioa,18
-Van Diemeii't
X. (Fine Art
;ix. 325, 337
s. 125
8
swiuk, 12
well, S. & 11.
7
'I. 78
734
I. 165a
; Blade 1
(1), 310
gg
Austria, 251
&Co.
18, 71, 72
III. 303
Co.
it:
Blake
93
eg, 233
XV. 285
latea, 131
ril. 92
tlanchet
uice, 768
leber. — France,
27
(1),801
Walea, 17
),656iC3), 70.
&H.
ein (1), 561
II (1) 842
"551
runce, 28
e, 1552
,1:94
ria, 601
z.— France, 29
verein Qk),6J3
licrlandx, 1
1 (1), 313
irein(l)686
mce, 30
I
9
). — xviH. 56a
Blind, Society for teaching tlie, (Regent'i
Park).— XVII. J'J8
Bliu, H. & Cu.— United Slates, 415
BliM, W.— xii. & XV. 270
Blizanl, an Coatea & Blizard
Bliiard, J.— xxviii. 127
Blotlget, S. C— United States, 551
Blofeld, J. H.— St. Helena, 4
Blnfeld, T. G. & Co.— xxi. 4
Blofeld, T. J.— II. 77
Blondel, Ooston, & Co.— Sardinia, 17
Bloomer 8c Philipps.- xxn. 176
Blonmfield, Miu. — xix. 187
Bliiscb, see Neuliaus & Blbsch
Blott, Esther.- XXVI. 18
Blowers, W. R.— xvi. 272
Blum, T. G.— Switzerland, 114
Blumauer, W. — Austria, 474
Blumel, C., see Zjcisel, J., &c.
Blumel, J., see Zjcisel, J., &c.
Blumer & lenny. — Switzerland, 116
Blumhardt, H.— Zollverein (4), 94
Blundell, Spence, & Co.— ll. 48 ; vi. 420
Blunt, H.— X. 372
Blylierg, Compagnie des Mines ct Fon-
deries de (Lifige), — Belgium, 22
Blyckaert, G.— Belgium, 78
BIyth, ses Lethem, BIyth, & Co.;
Wiiidle & BIyth
BIyth & Jacobs.— I. 131
BIyth, Hamilton, & Blyth.— iv. 60
BIyth, R.— X. 367
Blyth, R. J.— IX. 154
Blythe, R.— xvi. 90
Bo, A.— Sardinia, 19
Boa, Viscount de, Portugal.— 327. 378.
513
Boa, W.— Canada, 39. 46
Boadella, J.— XXVI. 193
Boake, J. F.— xxii. 697
Board.— Western Knd, South En-
closure (Outside), 2
Board, C— xxvi, 240
Bobee & Lemire. — France, 1092
Bobonne. D. J. d'.\zevedo. — Portugal,
641.646
Boch, tee Villeroy & Boch
B')ch, J. F.— ZoUvereiu (7), 5
Boche, M. — Krance, 769
Bock, H.— SwiUerland, 31
Bocken, C — Netherlands, 1 1
Bocken, Hubert, & Co. — Belgium, 73
Bockmuehl, P. E.— ZoUverein (1),586
Bcckmiihl, Schie|)er, & llecker. — ZoU-
verein (1), rC'6
Bode, H.— XXVIII. 103
Hodemer & Co.— ZoUverein (1) 820
Bodemer, G.— ZoUverein (3), 40
Bodemer, J. jun. — ZnUverein (1), 726
Borliii, J. — France, 426
llodley. — VII. 43
IJoe, D. De.— Belgium, 98
Boecker, H., see Buecker, II. & II.
Boecker, U. & H.— ZoUverein (1).633
Boeddinghaus & Co.— Zoll. (I). 572
Boehler, F. L. & Son.— Zoll. (3), 56
Bochm. — X. 536 ; <ee also Ihm, Boehm,
&Pru1tz
Boehm, T.— Zollversiti (2), 23
Boehme, see Conia & Boelime
Boehme, C. L.— Zollvrrein (I), 362
Boeing, Roehr, & Lefsky.— Zoll. (1),
453
Boekel, A. — Hamburgh, 116
Boelger, M. — Switzerland, 158
Boelstler, J.— Switzerland, 60
Boelsfler T.— ZoUverein (4) 110
B.)elsterli, C, & Ci>.— Zoll. (4), 55
Uueringer & Co. — France, / 70
Buescli Sf .Sons. — Switzerlaiul, 115
Boesche, C. J.— ZoUverein (1), 785
Boettiger, H. G.— ZoUverein (3), 108
Bogaert, J. B. \'an. — Belgium, 1U7
Bogel, see Nering, Bogel, & Co.
Bugoslovsky Imperial Copper Works. —
Russia, I
Bogue, A.— New South "vVales, 2
Bohm, Aug. — Hamburgh, 97
Boileau, E. — xvii. 78
Bohman, E. J. — Sweden, 57
Boileau, Lieut.-Col., A. H. E.— China
Boilieu R. — France, 31
Bois, A. Du & Co.— Belgium, .3G0
Boisotau, tee Gigot & Boisotau
Boissimon, C. de. — France, 427
Boland, A.— France, 428
Boland, tee Goode & Boland
Boland, P.— xxix. 104
Bolenius & Nolte.— ZoUverein (1), 962
Bolla, see Gatti & Bolla
Bollee, B.— France, 1093
Bo1in,C.— Russia, 32:j
Bolinder, J. & C— Sweden, 56
Bolingbroke,C. & F.— xil. & xv. 311
Bolitho, E.— I. 440
Boiler, C— XIX. 184
Bolm, C— ZoUverein (1), 760
Bolten, Wilhelm, & Son. — ZoUverein
(1). 490
Bolton, Capt.— St. Helena, 2
Bolton, T.— X. 94 ; xxii. 353
Bolzaiii, A. M.— ZoUverein (1) 38
Bompiani, Roberto. — Rome, 23
Bonaiuti, C. & Sons, — Tuscany, 81
Boiiardel, Brothers. — ZoUverein (1), 33
Bonosse, Lebel, & Co. — France, 774
Bonavia, C. — Malta, 2
Boncourt, tee Durand, Boncnurt, &c.
Bond, C— XXX. (Fine Art Court), 28
Bond, S.— United States, 37
Bond. W. & Son.— United States, 463
Bondarevsky, Prascovia, Ogla, &c. —
Russia, 358
Bondelin, A. — Russia, 238
Bondnn, L. — France, 03
Bone, H. P.— xxx. (Fine Art Court), 238
Bone & Son. — xvii. 62
Bonet, see Vacossin, Bonet, &c.
Bonfils, Michel, Souvraz,&Co. — France,
1094
Bongaerls, F. A. — Belgium, 229
Bonge, A. L.— ZoUverein (1), 222
Bongiovanni, B. — Austria, 741
Boniface & Sons. — France, 32
Bonito,Sir T. — New Granada, 5
Bonitto, J. — I. 4
Bonjean & Co.— France, 1082
Bonjean, J. — Sardinia. 12
Bonn Mines & Iron Works. — Algeria,
XX. 46
Boimal, V. & Co.— France, 429
Bonnar & Carfrae. — xxvi. 108. xxx.
(Fine Art Court), 344
Bonnassieux. — France, 64
Bonnet, jun, — France, 1096
Bonnet, C— Portugal,' 1. 22. 58. 89.
107. 119.258.381. 1223
Bonnet & Co.— France, 1097
Bonnet, J. B.— France, 1095
Bonneton. — France, 77 1
Bonneville, M. De.— United States, 210
Bonney. — Van Diemen's Land, 281. 289
Honney, W. W.— viil. 49
Bonsoii, see Bedford, Bonsun, & Co.
B iiite, see Berthelot & Honte
IJonte, L. — France, 33
Bontemps, see Godard & Bonlemps.
Bimtems. — France, 430
Bontems, C— Switzerland, 181
Ponvencchen, H.&ro.— ZoU.(l), 536
Bonyun, G. R. — British Guiana, 50
Bom & Son.— Zollvtrein (4), 2
Bonzt.nigo. — xxx. (Fine Art Court) 82
Bonzb & Brothers. — France, 772
Boobbyer, J. H.— xxii. 680
Booker. E. & Sons.— v. 809
Boole, L. H.— United States, 312
Boone, J. A. — Belgium, 488
Boote, R., see Boote, T. & R.
Boote, T. & R.— XXV. 11 ; xxx. (Fine
Art Court), 139
Booth, see Brown, Rusby, & Booth
Booth & Co.— VI. 2
Booth,G. H.— VII. 134
Booth,J.P.~xvi. 112
Booth & Pike.— XIII. 63
Boquet, Marie Virginie. — France, 1093
Bord.— France, 1099
Borde, J. — Algeria, 9
Borden, G.— United States, 524
Boreham, S. — xxiii. 92
Borel, H. J.— Switzerland, 19
Borel, Boyer, & Co.— Switzerland, 37
Boier & Porzelius. — ZoUverein, (2), 8
Borges, Suttere Antonio. — Portugal,
973-977
Borgnis, MissM. A. — United States, 487
Bormann, F. A. — ZoUverein (1), 112
Borras, see Sugden, Borras, & Co,
Borrini, L. — Austria, 734
Borrows, Mary L. — xxx. (Fine Art
Court), 11
Borsary. — France, 1100
Bortier, P. — Belgium, 95
Borzone, J. — Sardinia, 45
Bosch, C. G.— Netherlands, 82
Bosch, P. Van den.— viii. 136
Boschetti, Benedetto. — Rome, 17
Bosio, A. — Sardinia, 85
Bosquet, see Mourgue & Bosquet.
Boss, I. A.— XXIX. 146
Boss, T.— VIII. 219 '•
BoBsard, J. — xvi. 294
Bossi, J.— Austria, 239, 386
Bossi, J. B.— France, 773
Bossingliam, B. — x. 723
Bossut, see Gilson & Bossut.
Bossut, see Motte, Bossut, & Co<
Bosteels Geerinck, J. — Belgium, 238
Bostelmann, A. — Hamburgh, 99
Boston, Mr. .Sheriff.— Canada, 25
Botanic Garden. — South Africa, 10
Bothcher& Engel.— ZoUverein (1), 865
Bott & Allen.— XXII. 422
Botten, C— V. 429. xxii. 426
Boltier, L. N.— France, 1101
Bottinelli, G.— Austria, 726
Bottinelli & GandolS,— Austria, 727 '
Bottom, see Hudson & Bottom.
Botton), J. — XIX. 106
Bottomley, G.— x. 657.
Bottomley, J. — xil. & XV. 181
Bottomley & Sons. — xil. & xv. 165 '
Bou Talel) (tribe of the). — Algeria, 54
Bouasse, V, L. & Co France, 1102
Boubier, Compagnie du Charbonnage
de. — Belgium, 29
Bouch, T.— VII. 73
Bouchard, F.— France, 1103
Bouchard- Houzard, W. — France, 775
Boucher, E. & Co. — France, 776
Boucher, T.— Belgium, 399
Boucherie, J. A. — France, 1104
Boucherot, see Gudard, L. & Bouchard
Bouchet, A. — xxix. 124
Bouchet, C— XVI. 246
Houchez-Pothier. — France, 31
Bouchon, I.. A. — France, 431
Boudet.— France, 503
Buudoiu and Lel>re. — Canada, 1$
cxxvi
INDEX OP EXHIBITORS AND OTHERS
BoudoD, L.— France, 1 105
Boudoii (leSt. AinaiK.— France, 432
Bouduurit, B. — Greece, 21
Bauflet,jun. — France, 442
Bouliardet, C. P.— France, 1106
Bouillette, Hyvelin, & Co.— France,
1107,
Boulanger, Pierre Honore. — Algeria, 10
Boulanger, T. C— vil. IPS
Boulogne, P.— Auitrio, 334
Bonlonnoif. — France, 433
Boulter, B.— xxii. 677
Boultou & Son.— XXII. 330
Boulton & Swalei.— Page 852
Bouquillard. — France, 777
Bouquoi, Count. — Austria, 414
Bourdaloue. — France, 67
Bourdin, C— France. 1 730
Bourdon, E.— France, 1IU8
Bourgard, C— United States, 3U9
Bourgeaurd, P. — x. 566
Bourgeois, set Leon-Clement & Bourgeois
Bouigery, Mrs. — France, 778
Bourgogne, A. — France, 15)3
Bourgogne, J. — France, 434
Bourgoiu, B. — .Sardinia, 75
Bourne, see Pinder, Bourne, & Hope
Bourne, K.— x. 636
Bourne, J. — xxv. 35
Bourne, W.— New Zealand, 3i
Bourra, L. A.— vi. 610
Baiisfleld, see Finlayson, Bousfleld, & Co.
Hudson and Uousdeld
Bousson, Mrs. Vleigheer de. — Belgium,
328
Boutchier, Mortimer, and Co. — xvi. 293
Boutillier, Dr.— Canada, 26
Bourard & Lancon. — France, 1110.
Bouvy, A. — Belgium, 266
Bouxwiller Mines Joint-Stock Company.
--France, 376.
Bovenschen & Co. — Zollverein (1), 536
Bovet & Co. — Switzerland, 35
Bovet, F.— SwiUerland, 13
Bovey, J. — xxvii. 3, 4
Bowdenv G. — xvii. 63
Bowell, J. — XXIX. 153
Bowen, A. F.— viii. 323
Bowen, J. — xxvii. 'J4
Bower, J. — ll. 42.
Bower, M. xvi. 329
Bowers, Cliallinur, & Wooliscrofll'. —
XXVII. 104
Bowers, G. P.— xxv. 13
Bowler, J — v, 756 ; xvi. 236
Buwiey, see Taylor & Bow ley
Bowling Iron Com)>any. — xxil. 83
Bowman & Sun.— xil. & xv. 231
Bowman, William.— China.
Bowmar, C. U.— xvi. 87
Bowring, Edgar A. — China
Boyce, Dr.— XVII. 123
Boyd, C. — I. 462a ; lee also Hunt, J.
Boyd, F. J.- C -.nada, 160
Boyd, I.— XIII. 13
Boyd, J.— Van Diemen's Land, 233
Boyd, J. E.— IX. 199
Boydell, J.— v. 660 j vn. 56
Boye. C. T.— Hamhurgh, 113
Boyer. — France, 70, 1554; see also
Uorel, Boyer, & Co.
Boyer, sen. — France, 35.
Boyer & Co.— France, 7 1
Boyer, P. J. — France, 69
Boyle.— X. 392, see Turbeville, Sinitli,
&Co. ; Williams, Coopers, & Co.
Boyle, R.— V. 1002
Boyle, W.— XXX. (Fine Art Court), 141
Brabant, see Neilzer 8t Brabant
Braby & Son.— n. 24
Brace, H.— xvi. 58
Bracht, F. W.— Austria, 240
Bradt)e«, O. W. — xix. 72
Bradbeer, S., see ODord ft Bradbeer
Bradbury & Evans, xvii. 136
Bradbury, Greatorex, & Beall. — xi. 56 ;
xviii. 64a
Bradbury & Son. — xxiil. 36
Bradford, B & W.— xxi. 3
Bradford, S.— xxi. 26
Bradford, W. see Bradford, R. & W.
Bradley, see Henn & Bradley
Bradley, B. & Co.— United States, 473
Bradley, J. — xxvii. 35
Bradley, R. & Co.— vi. 310
Bradnack, I. H.— xxii. 575
Bradshaw, G,— xx. 39
Bradwell Sc Adams, xviii. 40
Brady, M. B.— United Slates, 137
Bra«ly, W, N,— United States, 380
Brady, D'Avigiion, & Lester. — United
States, 1-12
Braendlin, Brothers, — Switzerland, 1 19
Braham, J.— x. 239
Brahmfeld & Gutrup. — Hamburgh, 5t
Braidley, Mrs.— •. 23a
Brain, see Saxby & Brain
Braine, C. T.— Cliina
Brainard, C. II.— United States, 599
Brainerd, O. M.— Canaila, 83
Brainerd, O, N.— Canada, 82
Braithwaite, S.— x. 283
Urake, K.— x. 354
Bramah.— xxil. 622
Uramah & Co. — xxil. 653
Bramall, see Fisher & Bramall
BrameM, J. W.— xxv. 43
Bramhall, T.— vii. 129
Bramlagr, A, — Oldenburgh, 2
Bramley. — xviii. 84
Bramley Woollen Cloth Company. —
XII. & xv.64.
Bramwell, T. & Co.— ii. 27
Brand, see M'Nair & Brand
Brand, P. W.— Zollverein (I), 620
Brandeis, I, jun.— Zcdlverein, (2), 3
Brandeis,lt. W.— Austria, 133
Branden, J. A. Van den. — Belj;lum, 51 1
Brandon, tee Wyatt & Brandon
Brandon, N, D.— Netherlands, 70
Brandstetter, F.— Ziillverein(a), 55
Brandt, see Isidore & Brandt
Brandt, F. E. — Switzerland, 10
Brandus & Co. — France, 1111
Brannam, T. — xxvii. 131
Branscombe, S. — xvi. 298
Branston, see Vizetelly & Brnnston
Biaquenie & Co. — France, 435
Brasseur & Co.— Zollverein (1), 314
Urasseur, K. — Belgium, 42
Uraun.— Zollverein (2), 30
Braumiiller, W. — Austria, 368
Uraun, Hrolliers. — Zollverf:'< (I), 491
Brann, C. — France, 72
Braun & Co. — xxvi. 1 72
Braun, O. J. — Austria, 21
Braun, H. — xxiv. 46
Braun, L. — xx. G4A
Braund, J. — xx. 60
Brauiischwei|{, T. — Zollverein (1), 021
Braux-d'Anglnre, I)e. — France, 779
Bravo, M. — Sardinia, 24
Braxton, C— United States, 2C9
Bray, C— XXII. 500
Bray, C. & Co. — xill. 67
Biay, J. — X. 531
Braysham, G.— xii. & xv. 463
Braysliaw, J.— xix. 3H2
Brazier, J. & U.— vm. 206
Braiier, R. see Brazier, J. & R.
Breaute, E. — France, 36
Breadalbane, Maiquis of. — I. 7, 211,
442; IV. 95a. 134
Brearey, W. A.— ii. 80
Brecht, A.— Zollverein (I), 699
Breda, D. J, Van.— South Africa, 32
Bredif, Brothers. — France, 73
Bredt, see Greeft', Bredt, & Co. ; Krem-
melbein & Bre<it
Bredt & Co.— Zollverein (1), 313
Breeu, N. A. & Co,— United States, 411
Breitenstein, J. & Co. — Switzerland, 117
Breithaupt, F. W, & Sons. — Zollverein
(l),e70
Breitkopp & Haertell.— ZoUv. (3), 23
Bremner, J.— vm. 83. 136 ; xiv, 74a;
XXX. (Fine Art Court), 258
Bremner, J. D, & A. — vil. 05
Bremner & Till.— in. 41
Brendon, W. S. — xxvii. 3
Brentu, D. — Belgium, 435
Brentano, Pellouz, & Co.— Zollv. (2),36
Hrehlmaier, J. — Austria, 506
Breteau, C. A.— France, 112
Bretes, M. F.— Portugal, 620. 622.
1122a. 11J3A
Bretnull, T. D.— xtii. 64
Breton. — Krance, 1555
Breton, Brothers, & Co. — France, 436.
1113
Brett, A.— X. 422
Brett, Brothers, & Co.— xil. & xv. 20
Brett, Q.— XXX. (Fnie Art Court), 52
Brett, J. & J. W.— X. 429
Brett, .1. W. see Brett J. & J. W.
Brett & Little.— X. 422. 696
Brett, S. G.— United States, 21 1
Brett, T. W. B.— X. 429
Brettell, T.— XVII. 169
Bretles, M. F.— Portugal, 383
Breuning, F. — Zollverein (4), 8
Breunhiger & Son. — Zollverein (4), 3
Brevis, Brothers, Messrs. — Austria, 80
Brewer, see Savie, Merriam, & Brewer
Brewer, C. & W.— vi. 144
Brewer, Jane.— vl. 132
Biewer, W. see Brewer, C, & W.
Brewin & Whetstone. — xii. & xv. 242
Breyer, see Seyfl'ert and Breyer
Breyer, G. W.— Lul)eck, 10
Briaril, J. H.— Belgium, 277
Uricurd & Gauthier. — France, 437
Brichant. — Belgium, 4'J8
Bridard, J. — France, 1115
Brider, G.— vm. 2C2
Brider, J.— vm. 26 1 t
Bridges. — XVIII. 70
Bridges, C— South Afric.i, 21
Bridges, C. H.— xvi. 21 'J
Bridges, G.— X. 339
Bridges, W.— XIX. 108
Bridgett, T. & Co.— xiii. 49
Bridport Local Committee.— XIV. 73
Brie, J. & Co.— XX. 24
Brie & Jeofrin.— France, 780
Briears, J. — New South Wale«, 2a
Briel, W. & Co.— Zollverein (6), 4
Bricn, see (iregson and Brien
Bricn, C. — XXIX. 90
Brien, J.— Canada, 44
Briere, A. — France, 438
Briers, J. •en, — Belgium, 99
Briet, J, ('.—France, 439
Brigg.— V. 636
Briggs, G. &Co.— V. 811
BriggN, S.— XXII. 145
Briggs, T.— IX. 103
liriglit,<ee GU)b8, Bright, & Co.
Bright&Co.— XIX. 401
Bright, J. & Co,— XIX. 113
WHOSE NAMES APPEAR IN THE CATALOGUE.
cxxvil
.f.— I. 7. 211.
(I), 699
th Africa, 32
:e, 7a
& Co. ; Kreiii>
1(1), 313
iited State*, 411
iwitierlami, 117
na. — Zullveieiii
Zollv. (3), 25
136; XIV. 74a;
), 25S
ai. 95
I
.3
3d
-Zollv. (•2),3G
,506
,112
;al, 620. 622.
H
-France, 43G.
XII. & XV. 20
\rt Court), 52
29
, & J. W.
696
ates, 211
•J
i1, 303
m (4), 8
ilven>iii (4), 3
— Austria, &0
am, & Brewer
144
& W.
cii. & XV. 242
Breyer
10
277
rauce, 437
B
3
C.I, 21
49
ee.— XIV. 73
780
Wales, 2a
rein (6), 4
Irien
99
I
I
& Co.
13
1
Bright, R.— xxn. 438
Bright, S.— xxvn. 80
Brillicf.— XXII. 6)3
Brimley & Stina.— xil. & xv. 490
Brinck, J. W.— Zollvereiii (I), 007
BrinUley, J. — xxix. 'HO
Brindley, T.— xvi. 21
Brine, brother), & T. Sharp.— Page
847
Brinks, »ee AUenloh, Brinki, & Co.
Brinsley, tee Critchley, Brinsiey, & Co.
Urinamead, J. — x. 474
Briiiton & Suns.— XIX. 1 10
Briqi'.eeler & Co. — Algeria, 1 1
Briquet & Ferrier. — France, 1116
Brishand, H. — xxil. 364
Briscall, J.— X. vo A
Briaun, P. a«n. — France, 781
Briaon, R.— xxix. 257
Brisaet, K. — France, 440
Brisaon, Brothera, — France, 1117
Briatol Scliool of Industry fur tlie Blind.
— xxviii. 30
Britisli Klectric Telegraph Co.— x. 432
British & Foreign Bible Sue— xvii. VOl
Britiah Hlate Olaas Co.— xxvi. 408
(Main Avenne, West)
Briton a:id Sons.— xix. 296
Brittan, W.— xxvi. 220
Britten, J.— xxii. 096
Brixlie, M. K.— Belgium, 21
Broadhent, J. — x. 12s!
Broadiiead & Atkina. — xxiii. 43
Broadwood & Bona. — x. 518 (Main
Avenue, West)
Brocclii, C. P.- Tuscany, 27
Brocchiere, P. — lii. 16
Uroccliieri, P. — France, 74
Bruck. — Van Diemen'a Land, 5J, 55
Brockbank & Atkins, x. 40
Brockedon, W.— I. 65
Brockhaus, F. A.— Zollv. (3), 13. 178
Brouking, W.— Hamburgh, 11
Brocklehurst & Sons, xiii. 38
Brocklcsby & Wessels.— Zollv. (1), 830
Brockmann, F. — Zullverein (1), 539
Brucot, A. — France, 441
Brodie, tee Muirs, Cunnell, & Brodie
Brodie, P. B.— I. 54
Brodie, W.— IX. 98; xviii. 56a; xxx.
(Fine Art Court) 159
Brodier, C. — Belgium, 3S6
Broemel, A. — Zullverein (I), 705
Broenner, F. 1. — Zollverein (.I), 1
Broesel, K.— Zollverein (1), 727
Brogdeii, aee Watberstune & Brogden
Briiliier, H. — Jersey and Guernsey, 13
Bruilzscli, M. — Austria, 297
Broling, J. — Sweden, 115
Bromley, G. — vill. 136; tee also For-
rest & Bromley
Bronski, Major Connt de Bruno. —
France, 782 ; see also Andre, J. &c.
Brook, J. & Brothers.— Al. '24
Brook, J. and Son. — xii. & xv. 487
Brooke, C— x. 144
Brooke, Gov. Sir Jas. — Labuan, &c. I
Brooke & Sons — xil. & xv. 86
Bronker, G.— xxx. (Fine Art Court) 109
Brouker, J. — viii. 181
Brookes, H.— vjli. 143
Broukes, J. — x. 25 ; xxil. 171
Brookes & Son.— viii. 216
Brookes, \Vm. & Sous. — xxil. 110a
Brooklyn Flint Glass Comp. — United
States, 113
Brodkman & Langdon. — I. 64
Brooks, E. — XIX. 113
Brooks, G. jun. — x. 705
Bi-ooks, H. & T.— X. 479
Brooks, T. — xiil. 26 ; ue also Brooks,
H. &T.
Brooka, VV. T.— United Slalea, 222
Brookabank, A, — xxil. 163
lirophy, P. — New Brunswick, 19
Brosclie, F. X. — Austria, 20
Brose, W.— Auatrio, 580
Uroaely, M,— i. 275
Broasard, see Barrallon & Brossard
Brosae & Co. — France, 1118
Hrosaier, see Drouin & Brussier
Brotchie, H.— xvi. 200
Brotherhood. II.— v. 502
Hrotherton & Co.— iv. 23
Brotzmaini, A. — Austria, 310
lirough, J. & J. & Co XIII. 44
Brough, J. see Bruugh, J. & J, & Co.
Broughton, H. H.— v. 447
Brovellio, J. B. & Co.— Belgium, 72
Browett, H., see Browelt, W. & U.
Browelt, W. & H.— xiii. 80
Brown— XXII. 370 ; United States, 283 ;
see also Inglis & Brown; Ijambert,
Brown, & Patrick ; Harker & Brown ;
Perkins & Brown ; Royaton & Brown ;
Schofield, Brown, &c. ; Silk & Brown ;
Tootall & Brown
Brown, A. — xvi. 300; xxx. (Sculpture
Court), 1
Brown, Alfred.— xxill. 97. 105
Brown & Arclibold.— IX. 250
Brown, Captain S. — vii. 10
Brown & Co. — ii. 7o ; Van Diemen'a
Land, 45-46. 283-285
Brown, D. S.— ix. 91 ; x. 676a
Brown, F. — ii. 57
Brown, Fielding. — Van Diemen's Land,
199
Brown & Forster. — xii. & xv. 9
Brown, G.— xxx. (Fine Art Court) 264
Brown, G. S.— United States, 110
Brown, H. — xix. 64 ; xxvni. 49 ; tee
also Brown, J. & H. & Co.
Brown, J.— vii. 202; viii. 169a ; x.
713; XXII. 235; xxvi. 140; xxx
(Fine Art Court), 34
Brown, J. & H. & Co.— xil. & xv. 469
Brown, Jolin. — Van Diemen's Land,
14, 15, 16
Brown, J. M. &T.— xxvi. 15
Brown, J. P. — Western Africa, 3
Brown, J. R. & W.— xiv. 2
Brown, L.— United States, 131
Brown, Lenox, & Co. — VVestern end.
North Enclosure (Outside), 58 ; viii.
61
Brown, M. L., tee Brown, T. & M. L.
Brown, M'Laren, & Cn. — xix. 114
Brown, Marsliall, & Co.— v. 812
Brown, Owen, & Co. — v. 813
Brown, P. A. — United States, 4
Brown & Poison. — iii. 123
Brown, 11.— xxvii. 52, 1 1 7
Brown & Redpath.— xxil. 477
Brown, Rusby, & Booth. — Western end,
South Enclosure (Outside), 29 ;
Western end, North Enclosure (Out-
side)
Brown S.— x. 335 ; United States, 216
Brown, Capt. Sir S. — vil. 334 ; see
also Brown, Lenox, & Co.
Brown, S. R. & T.— xix. 58
Brown & Son.— x. 627 ; xiv. 07 ; xvi.
65 ; xxix. 237
Brown & Sons.— xiv. 1 7 ; xxil. 1 82
Brown, T. — Van Diemen's F^nd, 345 ;
see also Brown, J. M. & T. ; Brown,
S. R. & T.
Brown, T. & M. L.— xxv. 45
Brown, W.— XII. & XV. 129; New
Zealand, 16, 18; tee also Brown,
J. B. & W
Brown & Weils.— United States, 259
Browne, «e« Coode, Browne, & Co.;
Wriglit, Tootal, & Browne
Browne, C. A.— United States, 419
Browne, F.— xvi. 245
Browne, J. H.— viii. 136
Browne, H. — Belgium, 490.
Browne & Lambert.— United Stales, 334
Browne, P. A.— United States, lOiA
Browne, W.— I. 109; v. 814
Browne, W. C— viii. 158
Browne, Sharpe, & Co.— xix. 57
Browne, T. B.— vi. 66
Browning, S. J.— viii. 103
Browning, W.— United States, 857
Brownrigg. — Van Diemen's Land, 107,
108
Brucciani, D.— Page 847; i. 486
Bruce, G. — iv. 74
Bruck. — Zollverein (1), 747
Bruck, H. von & Sons.— ZoU. (1), 53ft
Bruckisch, W.— Zollverein (I), 66
Bruckmann & Sons. — Zullverein (4),65
Brudei'a Widow, Rudolph. — Austria,
293
Bruderer, J. — Switzerland, 118
Bruenneck, Von O. — Zoll. (1), 45, 46
Bruenger, A. — Zollverein (1), 559
Bruening, C. D. — Hamburgh, 63
Biuff, P.— VI1.49
Bruegmanu & Co. — Zollverein (1),
363
Brugiaaer & Co. — Switzerland, 227
Bruhm & Naegler.— Zollverein (I), 816
Brumme, A. F. W. & Co.- Zollverein
(1),687
Brun, A .—France, 37
Brun, Brothers. — Sardinia, 21
Bruneau, L. A. — France, 1119
Bruneaux & Son. — France, 38
Ilrunel, I. K. — vii. 9 (Main Avenue,
West)
Brunet, Lecomte, Guichard, & Co. —
France, 1120
Drunier. — France, 76
Bruuier, Letiormand, & Co. — France,
75
Itruniquel Iron Works. — France, 1710
Briiim Trade Union. — Austria, 213
Brunner, see Imhoof, Brunner, & Co.
Brunner, A. — Austria, 574
Brunner, H. — Switzerland, 133
Itrunu, H. — Belgium, 41 1
Rrunsden & Shipton. — Canada, 128
Drunswick, Ducal Foundry Inspection.
—Zollverein (1), 7Si0
Brunswick Iron Works (Wednesbury),
—V. 543
Brunswick, M. — xxvi. 180
Brunswig, G. H. — Lubeck, 7
Brunton, J.— x. 596
Bruuton & Nesbit. — xii. & xv. 462
Brunton, W.— I. 404. 519
Brunton, W., jun. — vi. 304
Brunton, W. J. & Co.— xii. & xv. 230
Brupbacher & Bleuler.— Switzerland,
153
Brusghin, A. — Russia, 29
Brussels, Atelier de .Notre Dome.—
Belgium, 301
Brulhwaite, H.— Barbadoes, 2
Bruthwaite, Mrs. H. — Barbadoes, 2
Brnttiin, C— x. 90
Bruzghim, A, — Russia, 216
Bryan, Rev. J.— x. 40S
Bryant, W.— United States, 171.181
lirycesun, H.— x. 735
Bryden & Sons. — xxii, 45
exxvni
INDEX OP EXniBITOBS AND OTHERS
Brymbo Coal Company (VVrexImin).—
Weatern end, Suiitli Biicluiure (Oiit-
■ide), <I7; I. -274
Bryson & Soni.— x. 194. 669
Bubcnitieck, J.— Aiiitria, 120. 507
Buccleugh, Dtike of.— i. 90!)
Buccrill, A.— ^paiii, 71
Bucli.— Ruuia, 2R'J
Buchanan, A. — Brit. Guiana, 86, 86a,
90, 90a, 99-S6A
Buchanan, J.— xxix. 179
Buchanan & Law.— South Africa, 93
Buchanan, R.— United Statet, li
Buchberger, F.— Auitria, 690
Bucliljerger, J. — Auitria, 4/9
Buclihulz, see Pauii & linclilioli
Buchler, E.— Zollverein (3), 93
Buchner, A.— Zollverein (I), 735
BuchwaUl, R.— Zollverein (3), 133
Buck, J.— XXI. 18
Buck He Son.— III. 162
Bucker, 1 1. -Zollverein (3), 176
Buckingham, J.— Weiteiu enil, South
Kncloiure (OuUide), 35 ; I. '294 ;
X. 673a
Buckingham, T. L.— -United States, 63
Buckland, J.— viii. .308
Buckland & Topliu.— in. 48
Buckle, S.— XXX. (Fine Art Court),
301 (Main Avenue, Weat)
Buckley, 6.— xxvn. 44
Buckley, Truitees of the late.— ii. 4
Buckmasler, W. & Co.— xx. 1
Budd, J. T.— III. 37
Budden, E.- xvii. 97
Budge, J.— XXVI. 219
Budin. — France, 77
Budiii, Signei. — France, 78
Biidiniky, A. — Austiia, 303
Budy, J. P. A.— France, 783
Buechiier, W.— Zollverein (C), 1
Buecklera, see Koenigs & Buecklera
Buehler& Sons.— Switzerland, 120
Buel, see Haskell, Mrnit, and Uuel
Buenuu, R. — Zollverein (3), 39
Buerger, J. — Austria, "Oil
Buettner, G.— Zollverein (S), 187a
Buettner, P.— Zollverein (0), 53
Bufe, T. C. & Son.— Hamhiirgh, 9
BuiTaiilt anil Truclion.— France, 1 122
Buflet, jiin. — France, 442
Bugre, A. — Franr ., 1123
Buholzer, see Hurler & Buhoher
BUhrer, F.— Zollverein (4), 59
Buignier, G. S. F.— France, 1 124
Buisson, sen. — France, 1 12>5
Buisson, E. Robert & Co. — France, 784
Bnjatti, F.— Austria, 252
Bukhareif.— Russia, 104
Bulfour, J.— XIV. 35
Bull, J.— VIII. 239
Bull & Wilson.— XII. & XV. 12
Buller, T. W.— I. 128
Bullock, R. & Co.— II. 37
Bullock, G. — St, Vincent
Bullock, J. —see Bullock, S. \V. & J.
Bullock, J. G. — XXX. (Fine Art Court),
199
Bullock, J. L.— II. 34
Bullock, S. VV. & J.— United States,
149
Bullough, J.— VI.21
Bulman, J. — xxx. (Fine Art Court),
228a
Bunen, Miia Van. — Belgium, 74
Bunn, Lockington & Co.— xxviil. 77
Bunnett, J. & Co.--v. 48; vil. 152
Bunney, C. — x. 006
Buouinsegni, Brothers. -Tuscany, 112
Buquoy, Count. — Austria, 584
Burat, Brothers. — France, 79
Burbach, Brothers — Zoll. (1), 700
Burbaiik, see Fogg & Burbank
Burcli. — XIX. 401
Burch, C. St Son.— XXIX. 69, 300
Burch, J. — XIX. 115
Burcli, S. ]).— United States, 91.1a
Hurch, W.— IV. 77
Burcham, C— IX. 290d
Burchardt & Suns.— Zollverein (1), 161
Burclielt, J. R.— New .South Wales, 3
Burckhard, T.C. Sc Sons.— Switzerland,
192
Burckharilt Brothers.- ZoUv. (1), 810
Uurckhiirdt, U. — Switzerland, 192
BunI & .Sons.— XVIII. 26
Burdett,J.— X. 429
liureau & Marcntte. — Canada, 192
Burg, Chevalier A. De. — Austria, 130
Hilrgeosee,Tschorn, — Zollverein(l),130
Burger, M. L.— Zollverein (I), 148
Burgess, see Walker & Burgess
Burgess, A. &, Co.— xil. & xv. 243
Burgess, C. — xii. & xv. 2S9
Burgess, D.— V. 471
Burgess, K. — xxiii. 2
Burgess, F. — VIII. 123
Burgess, G.— XVI. 1.05
Burgess, J. — xxviii, 119
Burgess & Key.— IX. 237
Burgess, Mrs. — Van Uiemcn's Land,
109, no
Burgess, It. — XVI. 241
Burgh, R.— XIX. 75
Purgi, J. J.— Switzerland, 193
Burgos, Inspector of Mines of the Dis-
trict of. — Siiain, 35
Burgun, Walter, Berger & Co. — France,
39
Burke.— xxx. (Fine Art Court), 42
Burke, .1. H.— xxvi. 361
Burke, T. H.— xiii. 57; xvil. 152
Burke, W. K.— IV. 115
Bnrkhard and Naegeli.— Switzerland,
153
Burkhardt, J.— Switzerland, 270
Burkhart, H. T.— Zollverein (3), 109
Uurklioven, Van — Uel^ium, 502.
Burn, R.— III. 68
Burnard, N.— xxx. (Fine Art Court),
302
Burnay— Portugal, 493. 496
Burnett, N.— I. 100
Burnett, Sir W.— iv. 7
Burney & Bellamy.— xxil. 633
Burnley & Sons. — Xll. & xv. 490
Burns & Palmer. — xxx. (Fine Art Co.)
21
Huron. — France, 443
Burr, G. see Burr, T. W. & G.
Burr.T. W. & G.-i. 495
Hurrell, C— ix. 37
Burrouglies & Walls. — xxvi. 4
Burroughs, J. — Zollverein (:t). 92
Borrow!), see Healh & Hiirrows
Burrows, Mary L.— xxx. 11
Burrows, S. — xxii. 2.'2
Burrows, T.— xxii. 570
Bursill. — XXVI. 7 ; see also Cooper &
Bursill
Bursill, K. & Clara.— XXIX. 21 G
Bursill, G. H.-v. 753; x. 673a,
XXVI. 7
Bursill, G. H. & II.-xxx. (Fine A:t
Court), GO
Bursill, H. sen Bursill, G. H. & H.
Burt, II.— XXVI. 3!)0
Burt, II. P.— VI. 4U8
Hurt, S. J.— II. 85
Burt, T. & Sung
Burt, W. A.— United Slates, 187
Burton & Kamcs. — vi, 96
Button, II.— XXIX. 117
Burton, J, De.— British Guiana, 70
llurton, M. — XIX. 117
Burton, Matilda Sarah.— XIX. US
Burton, Miss. — xxvi. 77
Burton, W. S.— xxii. 247
lltiry, see Lambert & Bury
Hury, R. xxx. (Fine Art Court).— 23
Bury St. Edmunds— vi, 110
Bury, Talbot— xxx. 349
Hury, T. T.— xxiv. 64
Busbaclier & Zufrjpdenheit. — Zollverein
(0,315
Husliy, W.— IX. 15
Uusch, !<:.— Z(dlverein (I), 89
Husch, P. A Zollverein (5), 2
Duschmann, J. W.— Zollverein (I), 386
Huse, N. — XVI. 4
Husb, C. J. — Smith Africa, 60
Biishull, G.— XXVIII. 183
Huss, H XXIII. 79
Buss, W.H.— Hamburgh. Ill »
Butcher, Missea.--xix. 256
Butcher, S. see Butcher, VV. & S.
Butcher, VV. & S.— xxil. 192
Bulhod, see Ilusson & Uulbod
Butler, see Hoecroft, Ruiler, & Co.
French & Hiitler; Lambert & Buller
Butler, J. see Nash, K,
Butler, J. L.— I. 2 47
Butliii, VV.— IX. 115
Uutschtk & GralV.— Austria, 281
Butteley.- VIII. 97
Biitlerley Iron Co.— I. -lOO; V. 34
Butterley, R. — XXII. 240.
Butters, see Nelson & Butters
Butters, L —xxx. (Fine Art Co.), 290
IJuflerworlh.— Unitcil Stales, 333
Hutterworth & Co.— xvi. 240
Buttigieg, M.— Malla,3l
Buttiin, ('. — n. 3
Button, T. — Van Diemen's Land, 21 to
23. 135. 172
Buxtorr& BischofT.— Switzerland, 192
Buylcweg, N. — Netherlands, 22
lJ)Tim, Kliza.— XVI. 23 ; xvii. 114
Hyers, J.— i. 494
Byers and Son. — xil. & xv. 232
Byne, H. H.— vii. 3(i
Ryrn. O.— XXX. (Fine Art Court). 257
Bywater, W. M — v. 427; xvi. 94
Cabanes & Rambie. — France, 1126
Cabanic Patent 'Jo.— xxvii. 112
Cabanillas, Widow. — Algeria, 12
Ciibasson, G. A. — France. 7S5
Caliello, U. li.- Spain, 139
Cable, G.— V. fcOS
Caboni, J.— ix. 200
Cabriol, J. M— France, 7f6
Cabrit & Roux.— France, 81
Cabu-Fevrier, F.— Uelgiuin, 2G3
Cacciatori, B. — Austria, 706 <
Cacki-Slivilly. — Russia, 183
Cacoulidis, J. — Greece, 11
Cadl)V,C.— X.471
Cadeil, II.— I. 217; V. 706
Cadinan. — xviii. 74
Ca;sar, J, — Horlii).al, 3*3
Cuelano, T.— Portu-ul, 1224. 1228-
1231
CalTort, J.— France, 444
Cairry, J.— xvii. 167.
Cahan, K.— xx. 71
Cahcn, T. J.— Hamburgh, o4
Cahill, M.— I. 222; iii.90a; iv, 9Ia
Cahlman, Consul S.— Zoll. (1), 699
i
WHOSE NAMES APPEAR IN THE CATALOOUE.
cxxix
leit. — Zullvcreiii
>ii's Land, 21 to
12-2J. 1228-
Cuhti, D.— XVII. US
« ttliii, 8. & Co.— ZoUverein (1), 593
C'uiU Ben Zekie De» Svignai (llie wife
oO.— Algeria, 6 1
Call & Co.— France, IS57
Cail, Deruiiiei see Vliuengen, Van, &
Co.
Calllaux, Madame A.— France, 80
Caillet, Franqiieville.— France. 82
Cuilliex, A. L. J.— Algfriu, 13
Caillu,jiin., & Prin.- France, 100
Cailluu, Maillan, & Forniigli. — 1'u>-
cany, 19
Cain, lee Pattinaon & Cain
Cain, J.— France, 1129; United Slalei,
2-17
Cairns, J.— xvill. 49a
Cairni, J., jun. — I. 63
Caiator, A. b.— xvi. 7'
Calamia, Prof.— Tiwcany. figx
Calcutta Lapidariea. — India, I,
CaUlecolt, Meaars.- . 2(J6
Caldecoirt '. !1, t. 199
Calder B ■ Co., 8^ e & Calder
Bottle Co.
Calder, J.— xxvi. .'55
Culderon, see Klorea, Calderon, & Co.
Calderon, J. M.— Spain, 152
Calderon, J. M.— Siain, 220
Cildicott, 11. & H.— xill. 68
Caldwell, G.— XXX. (Fine ArtCit.), 33
Caley, F. G., ne Caiey, J. W. & F. G.
Caley, J. W. & F. G.— xix. 119
<;ttir, J.— South Africa, 53
Callieiroa, J. L. — Portugal, 460
C^aligny, Do. — France, 101
Callaghan, Attorney - General. — New
Soulli VValea, 4
CttUaKJian, W.— x. 268
Cullam, T xxii. 479
Calland-B^liale, Nouel,Detiiian &Co.—
France, 788
Callcott, J.— X. 547
Calle, I^ Fisheries nf. — Algeria, 41
Callegari, A. — Auatria. 13U
C^llejas, see Villardel & Callejas
Callnjo, J. — Spain, 257
t;alli & Cotli.— XXVI. Bay M. 21.
Calloud, F. — Sardinia, 11
Callow & Son.— XVI. 308; xxix. 83
Calotas, P. — Greece, ft5
Calvert, F. A.— vi. 27
Calvert, G.— xxvi. 82
Culvert, W.— xxx. (Fine Art Crt.), 228
Calvert, Rev. W. — xxx. (Fine Art
Courl), 97
Calvi, J. — Sardinia, 22
Cambridu^, W.— IX. 238
Cameron, J. B. — Uahamas
Cameron, G. — xxvi. 9-'J.
Cameron, P. — x. 356
Cameron's <Joall>rool< .Steam Coal, and
.Swansea and Luuglior Hallway Co. —
Western end, South Enclosure (Out-
side), 39.
Camilleri, E.— Malta, 14
Camilleri, FortMiata. — Malta, 16
Cammill, see Johnson, Cammill, & Co.
Camp, see Penfleld and Camj)
Campbell. — Viii. 147; see also laaaca
& Campbell.
Campliell, A.— xxiii. 76
Campbell, A. F.— vill. 147 ; ix. 17
Campbell & Co.— xii. & xv. 201
Campbell, G.— vi. 246
Campbell, G. H. — xxx. (Fine Art
Court), 2J0
Campbell, Harrison, & Lloyd. — xiii. 31
Campbell, Major. — Canada, 176
Campbell, S. — United States, 5J3
Campliell, T. — xxx. (Sculpture Couri),
23
Cainphine Co., English's Patent, iv. 61 ;
VII. 133 ; XIX. ii64
Cnmpin, see Fowler, Campin, & Co.
Campos, M. & Brothers— Portugal, 803
Cumus, M. — France, 789
Canada _ West, Provincial Agricultural
Association. — Canada, 33, 35
Canales, J, — Spain, 242a
Canaud, see Pliilippe & Canaud
Canavun, A. — xvi. 101
Candin, see Meures Si Candiu
Cundlot.— France, 102.
Candy, M,, see Curquillat, Miss M.,
Candy & Co.
Candy, T. H.— xvii. 66
Cane|>a, J. U. — .Sardinia, 74
Canfyn, N. — Belgium, lUO
Canili; T., see CunifT, F. & T.
Canneaux & Suns— France, W'M
Cannings, Mary Jane. — xxviii. 186
Cannon-Pie ''•■aii *, 700
Canusso, M n:!:ii>; is Kleonora. — Aus-
tria, 86
Cant, G. W.— XVI. 169
Caiitagalli, L. — Tuscany, 71
Canter, J. — xiv. 36
Cantian, C. — ZoUverein (1), 235.
(Main Avenue, Uasi)
Canton. — Algeria, 14
Ca|ie of Good Ho|m! Agricultural So-
ciety.— South Africa, 31-J9
Capelfemuna, J. U. — Belgium, 387
Capello, G. — Sardinia, 64
Capers, C. B.— United Slates, 174
Caplin, J. F.— X. 570
Caplin, J. H. 1. — xxx. (Fine Art
Court), 221
Caplin, Madame R. A., — x. 570a
Cappellemaiis, J. U.&Co. — Belgium, 37
Cappellemaus, J. I)., & Oabnust. — Bel-
gium, 393
Capper & Son.— xiv. 95 ; xx. 45
Capjier & Waters. — xx. 21
Capronnier, J. B. — Belgium, 438
Carabe, M. — .Siiain, 112
Caradus, J. — New Zealand, 25
Cartionneau, J. B.C. — l ranee, 104
Curborell, M.— Spain, 290
Card, W.— X. 546
Cardinal & Co.— xix. 321
Cardwell, C. & T.-xix. 122
Carew, J. E.— xxx. (Sculpture Court),
Carfltt, T. & Son. —XXII. 219
Carfrae, see Bonnar and CarlVae
Carinthia Iron-works of the Chapter nf
Gurk St. Magdalena. — Austria, 416
Carl, see Tielnch, Carl, & Vo,
Carle, A. F.— France, 1132
Carles, H. R.— xvi. 251
Carleton, E. — iii. 3
Carlsson, C. A. — Sweden, 110
Carmalt, J. — .leraey and Guernsey, 18
Carmichael, J.— xxvi. 114
Curminat!, «ee Seiiigaglia & Carminati
Carnegie, W. F. — Western end, South
Enclosure (Outside), 20; I. 198.
Carneiro, D. F.— Portugal, 926. 937,
938, 94.3-948. 960-962
Carnell & Hosking.— v. 201
Carnet, X. — France, 10,')
Carnet-Saussier. — France, 791
Camley, see Haxworth and Carnley
Caruii, see Claus & Caron
Caron, A. — France, 1 133
Caron, J. M. & Co.— ZoUverein (1), 635
Caron, E. — Canada, 10
Carpenter, Captain.— viii. 194
Cariienter & Co. — xxil. 653
Car|ienter, J.— xxix. 143
Carpenter, T. S. — (Jliina
Carpenter & Tildesley.— XXII. 633
Carpenter, W.— n. 30
Cariicnter & Wwtlev.— x. 270
Carpentl6r, see Poillurt & Carf«nli£r
Carquillat, Mist M. Candy & Co. —
France, 1134
Carr, see Bennett, Carr, & Co. ; Robert*
son, Cdrr, & Steel ; Tupiier & Carr
Carr, J., & Kiley.— xxil. iti8
Carr, T. & W — xil. & XV. 273
Carr, W.— xvi. 328, see Curr, T. & W.
(>arre, L. — France, 443
Carreras, Y. Albericli Spain, 233
Carrett, W. K.— v. 35
Carrick, C— xxx. (Vme Art Court), 93
Carrick, J.— xxix. 16
Carrick, T.— xxx. (Fine Art Court), 242
Carrier-Rouge — France, 1133
Carriere, Brothers — France, 106
Carriere, F. — France, 1136
Carriugton, C. A. — Main Avenue West,
90
Carrington, S. & T.— xx. 126
Carron, W.— viii. 231 ; xvi. 325
Carroi, see Hoo|)er, Cariut, and Sa*
lourier.
Carruthers, W.— xxx. (Fine Art Court),
303
Carson. — xxii. 392; see also Rom,
O'Connor, & Carson
Carson, H.— ix. 110
Carson, R.— xiv. 14
Carson, W.— xxvi. 109
Carataiijen, A. F. jun.— Zollv. (1), 468
Caratens, U. H. — Lubeck, 2
Cartagena, Royal Arsenal. — Spain, 191
Carte.— X. 336
Carte, A. G.— viii. 29
Carteaux 8t Chaillou. — France, 792
Carter. — xvill. 65; see Cunningham
& Carter
Carter, Brothers.— xiv. 36
Carter, J. — Western end.South Enclosure
(Outside), 8 ; I. 3
Carter, M.— xxvi. 183
Carter, Vavaseur, & Hix. — Xin. 30
Cartier, see Mernier & Cartier
Cartisser, Joseph. — xxiv. 83
Cortisser, Pouasein. — xxiv. 83
Cartwright, D.— xxil. 661
Cartwright & Hirons. — xxil. 260 ;
XXIII. 30
C .rtwright & Warners.— xx. 196
Carvalho, G. R — Portugal, 909-917.
919.
Carvalho, M. L. de. — Portugal, 617,
624. 1212-1221
Carvac, A. F.— Portugal, 359. 367
Carver & Gilbert.— xx. 98
Carver, T. & T. G.— vi. 89
Casailo, J. P.— Spain, 85
Casado, J. — S[iaiu, 105
Case, C— XVI. 315
Case, G.— X. 345
Casella, see Puravagna & Casella
Ciisella, L. P. & Co.— X. I57a, 676i
CumIIi.— VIII. 184
Casey and Phillips,— XIII. 23
Caaba, C— Malta, 12
Casissa & Sons. — Sardinia, 27
Caslon & Co.— XVII. 78
Caspari, J. F.— ZoUverein (3), 132
Casimrsson & Schmidt. — Sweden and
Norwav, 24. 91
Carvalho' G. R.— Portugal, 909—917.
919
Cassebohm, T. H.— Oldenburgh, 1
Ca'isel, J. — Austria, 478
k
cxxx
IXDEX OP EXHIBITORS AND OTHERS
Camels, \.— I. 20
Ciuaiin-Uu9wiii-Cuoli-Ogli. — lluuiu,
•J 40
Cauiii, H.— Rumc, 32h.
Cuftagiietu, K. — SardliiiH, 76
Cuileiraii. — Algeria, 15
Cailel, K.— Kruiicc, 83
Cajlelle, H.— France, 107
Ca»telliiii, Uall'aele.— Uimie, 23
Castrlluiii A|;iiciiltiiiul lliiartl uf. —
S|iBiii, I3'J
Castellitti, Corporation of. — S|u)iii, 76.
153, 1<J4
Ca»lell, J.— Spain. 190
Costerman. J. & Sou.— Uelgium, 27i
Castle, tee Sowerl)y & Castle
Ca»tle, J.— XXX. (Fine Art Court), 314
Ca«tle-Street dlaw Works.— xxiv. 83
Casuccini, C. F.— Tujcany, 50
Catuniaro, M.— Tuscany, li4
Catharino, M.— Portugal, l'J78
Catlin, G.— United States, 531. — Page
847
Castillo, M.— Spain, 218
Catlin, H. W.— Uuileii States, 2.'5U
Cator, Nelson & Co.— iv. 4G
Cattanach, C— xx. 13JA
Cutteaux, Brotlieis.— lielgium, 244
Catteaux, G. — Uelgium, 245
Cuttle, J.— XXVI. 20
Catz, J. B. Van.— Nctlierlands, 54
Calz, P. S. Si Co.— Netlieilands, 30
Cauer, Brothers. — Zollverein (I), 431.
(Main Avenue East)
Caulclier, J. D.— XX. 112
Caultield, VV. U.— xix. 123
Causae, D. A. — xvi. 259
Causse& Garion. — France, 1137
Cauvet, C— France, 1 I3S
Cavaillun, De. — France, 100
Cavelan & Co. — France, 1 131
Cavers & Lane.— viii. 28()A
Cavigiiili, C. — Sardinia, 87
Cawley, J.— I. 47 ; xxvi. 22.) ; xxvill.
193
Cawley, P.— I. 403
Cayeux, see Muriceau & Cayeux
Cayley, Sir G. — x. 673a
Cazal.— France, 108
Cuzalett, A. — Uussia, 223
Cazaux, J. — Netherlands, 89
Cea, P. A. — S|)ain, 64
Cellier, F. & Son.— Hamburgh, 15
Centenera, E.— Spain, 184
Cento Chamber of Connnerce. — Rome,
9
Cerain, J. B.— Spain, 1
Cerceuil, L. F.— France, 793
Cerf & Nttx.ir.i. — France, 84
Cerqueira, M. J. da Silva. — Portugal,
634
Cerri, C. — Austria, 30 1
Ceru, C— Tuscany, 103
Ceruti, E.— Austria, 147
Cerveny, W. F.— Austria, 157
Cesari, I). — Austria, 731
Chahot, C— V. 684 ; xxx. (I'ine Art
Court), •J39
ChaM, P. ,1.— XVIII. 62
Chadhurn, Brothers.— x. 259
Cliadwick,.see Itecd, Cliadwick, &c.
Chagot, sen. — France, 113'J
Chailloux, Lepage, & Pociion. — France,
15)8
Clmleyer, J.— France, 111
Challinor, see Bowers, Challinor, &
Wooliscrott
Chalmers, D.— VI. 32
Chalmers, J. — New Brunswick, 20
Chaml)ellun & Co.— France, IMO
97 J
Cliumberlain.— xxx. (Fine Art Court),
74
Cliamlxrlainft Co. -XXV. 44; XXVI. 30
Clmmlxrluin, T,— XXIX. 231
Chamlierluin, VV,, jun. — x, 390
Chaml)ers, te» Bankr ft Chttml)er«
Chumliers, Kliiiibetli l(.~xix. 120
Chaml)ers, R,— xxix. 297
Chambers Xi Robbins.— XXII. 533
Chambers, W.— xxii, 807
Cliambon, C. A.— Frame, 113, 793^
ChamlM>rd, F.— France, 112
Cliamouillet. — France, 1142
Champagne, D. — Belgium, 187
Cham|iagne it Rougier. — France, 1143
Cham|ianhet-Sargeas, M, M.J, — France,
114
Cliampernowne, H.— 1, 138. — Pogc848.
xxvil. 6.
Champion. — Van Diemen't Land, 12;
see also Moses, Champion, & Co.
Cham)K)iseau, N. — France, 794
Clmmponet, J France. 793u
Chance, Brothers, & Co. — x. 742 ;
XXIV. 22
Cliancel, see Atduin & Cliancel
Chancellor, F. — xxx. (Fine Art Court),
331
Chandler, see Riclimond tc Chandler
Chandler, T.— ix. 108
Chantry, Sir F, (the late.) — xxill
xxx, (Fine A.t l^outt), 135
Cha|iel. — Algeria, 16
Cliapin, W. G.— United States, 31
Chaplin, C— xix. 367
Chaplin, T.— xxvi. 214
Chapman, — vill. 121; see also Glenton
& Chapman; Hilliard & Chapman:
James 8i Chapman ; Wiiitniee &
Chapman
Chapman, Eli/.alieih Annie, — xix. 128
Chapman, J. — vil, 45 ; XXVI. lUi
Chapman, J. L. — United States. 68
Chapman, T. & J. Alderman. — x. 601c
Chapman & Whitaker. — xil. & xv. 163
Chapon, Madame E. — Mauritius, 5
Cha|K)nniere, see Roiilet, Gilly, &c.
Cha|K)t & Peloii.— France, 448
Chapjiell Sc Co. — xxx. (Fine Art
Court), 66
Chupus & Richter. — France, 793
Clmrageat, E.— France, 1114
Charhonnier. — France, 1 15
Chard & Munro.— v. 819; IX. 233
Chardon S( Son. — France, 1 16
Charge, R.— XVI. '^77
Charles & Co.— France, 1 1 7
Charleston Factory, — United States,
175a
Charldvetz. — Russia, 374.
Charlwood&(;uir.minB. — United States,
07
Charrilre. — France, 1145
Charrihre & Deleuil.— France, 17l
Charrny. — Gibraltar, 1
Cliartier, P.— France, 83
Chartreuze Sociele des Charboimages
Pire et Violetto.— Belgium, 34
C^hartron 8i Sons. — France, 796
Cliasp, Mary VV.— United States, 99
Chassang see V'entujcd St Chassang
Clmtain, H.— United States, .337
Chatel. — France, 118; se* also Pa|)a-
voine & Chatel
Chatelain & Basset.— France, 797
Chalelain & Foron, — France, 86
Chalelinenu, Soci£-t6 des Hautcs Four-
neaux Usines e Charbonnages I)u. —
Belgium, 27
Chatwin, H.— xxviTI. 14
Chatwin Sc Suns,— xxil, 286
Cliuudidie Mining Cumi)uny. — Canada,
Chaudoir, C. & H.— Uelgium, 377
Chauvin, (i,^ France, 449
Clmverondier, H, — France, 453 -
Cliavin. — France, 430
Chaselle, ue Opigei & Chazelle
Cheuvin, S.— V. 418
Chebeaiix, J. — France, 1146
Cheek, VV.— XXVI. 46
Chieseliurough, VV.— XII. & xv 179.
Cheesewring Granite Co. — Western end,
North Enclosure (Outside), 34
Cheetham, G. C. & W.— xii. & xv. 45
Cheetham, W., see Cheetham, G. C, &
W.
Chcnard, Brothers. — France, 87
Chenery, S.— ix, 66
( henest, see Uernoville, Larsonnier, &r.
Chenevard, L. — Switzerland, 240
Chenev, G. H. — Canada, 151. 153,
13'i.' 130
ChenneviCre, D.— France. 120
Chenneviire, T. — France, 1359 *
.Chenot, A. — France, 119
Cherici, G. & Sons.— Tuscany. 100
Cherif Ben Mimoun. — Algeria, 00 ;
France, 1560,
Cherot Si Co.— France, 88
Cherrett, D,— viii 297
Cheshire, J, jun. — il. 30
Chesnon, see tieitche, Chesnoii & Co.
Chesthire, K.— v.691
Cheaters, S.— xxx. (Fine Art Co.), 240
Chevalier, B.— x. 23
Chevalier, C. — France, 1729
Chevalier, J. — Jersey and Guernsey, 0
Chevalier, J. D.— United States, 120
Chovallier, see Lalande & Chevallier
Cheverton, B.— XXX. (Fine Art Conit),
194
Chevet, J.— France, 121
Chiachic, M.— Austria, 171. 282
Chichiiola, J. & Co. — Sardinia, 39
Chick, B.— XII. & XV. 221
Chickering, J.— U nited States, 438, 553.
(Miidlev, R.— X. 544
Child, W. H. -XXVIII. f.l
Childs, see Mooklar St Childs <
Cliilds, J.— XXII. 459
Chilson, Richardson, & Co, — United
States, 417
Chimay, Prince de. — Belgium, 370
Chinard, jmi. — France, 80
Chiozza, C. A. & Son. — Austria, 43
Chirio St Mina. — Sardinia, 80
Chisholme, Kmma. — xxix. "K
Chittenden, see Church Si Chittenden
Chitty, E.-III. 159
(^locqueel, L.— France, 90
Chollet, S.— Switzerland, 70,
Chomer, tee Montessery & Choir.er
Chomereau. — France, 122
Chopin, F.. — Russia, 365
Chopping Si Maund.— XXII. 1 1
(Uiuquart, C. — France, 1 1 49
Cliosson Si Co. — France, 1150
^liretin, M, T.— France, 1561
Ciirimes, see (inest and Chrimes
Christ, see Frey, Thurneisen, & Christ
Chrislttlnigg's, Count Von, Mining Co.
— Austria, 404
Christian, E.— xxvi. 10
Christian, T.— Zollverein (1). 0J4
Christiuni, C. H.— Zollverein (1), 13
Christie, A.— xxx. (Fine Art Court),
137
Christie, J.— xxx. (Fine Art Court),
188
WHOSE NAME8 APPEAR IN THE CATALOGUE.
cxxxt
[I. &XV 179.
.1. — Weateni eiiil,
itiiile), H
.—XII. & XV. 45
eetlmm, U. C. &
, Lanonnirr, &c.
iIuikI, 'UO
mia, lul, 135,
lie Art Cu.), 24G
, 17-29
kiid Giiernaey, 6
etl States, IM
B & ClievalliiT
?ine Art Comt),
ic Co.— Uniteil
le Art Cuiirt),
Cliiiitl, J.— Aiistiiu, 3J7
CliiiitDlVel. L.-^Z(illveri'iii M), 917
Cliriitufle & Co.— France, I.'iU'J.
Cbriatoplie, L. A, — France III
Christy & Co.— xx. 34. Od
Clirisly & Sunn. — xi. 44
ClirystalL— XXVI. 'Zti
Chuaril. — Fiunve, 123
CliuUh & Sou.— XXII. 04G
Cliiittart, — Algeria, 17
Cliiircli, 0.-x,3l4
Clmroli, J,— VI. 214.
Cliuroh & Cliitlenden. — United Stales,
3H2
CInircli & Goildaril.— VI. 135
Clnircbtll, Ci.— x. «0
CImrton, K. — xvil. 67
Cliwallu, Ant. C. — Austria 71
Cini, Brotliers.— Tuscany, 63, 08
Cioni, G. — Tuscany, 104
Claosen, P. C— Nellierlauds, 01
Clabbuni & Son.— xil. & xv. iai
Claes, P. — Ueljjiuin, 163
Claxliurn, set Jennings & Clugiiorii
Clair, P.- France, II. "jl
Clais, C. S. Von. — Switzerland, 121
Clapliam, John.— xil. & xv. 137 ; xvi.
«
Claiiham, J. K.— X. 712
Chiphain, VV.— xil. & xv. l.iS
Clapiierton. T. & (J.— XII. & XV. 103
Clapshaw, M.— XXIX. |S6
Claniz, A.— Swilzerliind, 228
Clare, Godf IVoy, sen. — Fr.uice, 454
Clarenliuch & Sons. — Zollverein (1),
306
Clarence, R.— South Africa, 13, 54
Clark, see Nuniis nnd Clark
Clark, U.— XVI. 154
Clark, C— VII. lis '
Clark, C, see Chirk, T. & C. & Co.
Clark, C.C— XXII. 317
Clark, C. & J.— XVI. 48
Clark, D. G v. 4-.;5
Clark & Davidson.— XVII. 133
Clark, K.— VII. lUG
Clark, r.— X. 276
Clark, G. D.— v. l.'S; vil. 8
Clark, G. H.— i. 190
Clark, J.— VIII. 91 ; IX. 09 ; XII. &
XV. 1 09 ; XIX. 78 ; Canada, 8U ; see
also Clark, C. & J.
Clark, J. A.— VIII. 135.
Clark, J. & J.— XII. & XV. 13
Clark, J[.,jiin. &Co.— xii. & xv. 293
ClarfcV Itv^Uuitcd States, 234
Clark, R;, & Restell.— XXII. 446
Clark, S. B.— xxvi. 179
Clark » Co.— XXII. 6 J7.
Clark, W.— XVI. 73; xvn. 134
Clarke. — xxvi. 42
Clarke & Co.— xxvi. 62
Clarke, K. — xviii. '^3
Clarke, Eliza.— XIX. 129
Clarke, Ksthvr. — xix. 1 30
Clarke, K. W.— xvi. 191
Clarke, G. H. — xxii. 3
Clarke, J.— xill. M; xvil. 08;
18; XXVI. 127; Canada, 163
Clarke, J. P.— xi. 32
Clarke, Phidias. — vii. 38 (Main
nue West)
Clarke, R. C. (Executors oO-- 1. 206
Clarke, R. & Sons.— xvi. 307 ; (Main
Avenue West 301)
Clarke, T.— xii. & xv. 432
Clarke, T. C— xxx. (Fine Art Court).
3-I2A
Clarke & Williams.— v. 963
Clarkson, J. C— xvi. 102
XIX.
Ave-
Cl.irkHoii, r. C. — v. 508 J vm. 2;
XXVIII. I!«7
Clarkson & Co.
Clarne, W. R.— xxix. 14
Classen, F. F. — llaniliurgh, 110
Classon, J. — iv. 22
Claude, L. — Uelginm, 83
Clttudet, A. F. J.— X. 296
Claudet & Houghton. — V. 306 ; XXIV.
25,74
Claudo, J. — Sardinia, 08
Clans & Caron. — Belgium, 81
Claussen, Chevalier. — Canada, 13.
Clanssen, P.— iv. 105; vi. 86
Clavereau, Brothers, J. — Belgium, 09
Clauson, H. N.— United States, 5113
Claxtun, J.— I. 73
Clay, see Jackson lb Clay
Clay & Co.— XXVI. 189
Clay. J.— III. 17; v. «R.
C;lay, J. T.— XII. & xv. 124
Clay &Scius. — xii. & xv. 136
Chiye, see Allard Sc Cli'.ye
Claye, J. — France, 798
Clayton, B.— xxviii. 96
Clayton, G. — xxii. M2
Clayton, H. — ix. 47 ; Van Diemen's
Land, 50
Clayton, R. — viii. 1
Clayton, .Shuttleworth, & Co.— v. 39 ;
IX. 212
Cleal, VV.— xxill. 59
Cleantlies, S. — (ireece, 40-42
Cleare, C. — viii. 311
Cleaver, F. S.— xxix. 20
Cleaver, W. J.— xvii. 207
Clehurne, H. — Van Diemen's Land,
144
Clemenfon, Madame. — France, 1152
Clemens, J. — iii. 50
Clemeiil-Bourjfcois, f,. — France. 455
Clements, J.— xvii. 71 ; XXIX. 189
Clemeiitson, J. — XXV. 8
Clemes & Son. — xx. 1 56
Clerget, C. E.— France, 799
Clesinger. — France, 1 709
Clesinger, T.— France, 419
Clibborn, Hill, & Co.— xiv. 20
Clicnuot. — France, 1503
Clifford, G.— II. 26
Clifford, W.— xxx. (Fine Art Court),
222
Clinch, J.— New South Wales, 5
Clingman, T. L.— United States, 358
Clinton.— X. 538
Clinton, E.— United Stales, 190
Clirehugh, V.— United States, 133
Clive, see Hickman fc Clive
ClivP, J. H.— VII. 41 ; XXIX. 54
Clive, J. W.— I. 277
Cloel, C— France, 456
Close, Misses. — New Brunswick
Clough, R.— XII. & XV. 151
Clowes, F.— XX. 150
Cluappini, A. k Co. — South Africa. 22
Cliigas, T., juu. — Jersey and Guern-
sey, 25
Clunes, T.— V. 475
Clutton, H.— XXVI. 19
Clymer & Hixon. — vi. 124
Coiilbrook Dale Co. — v. 641 ; xxil.
641 (Main Avenue West)
Coalbrooke Dale China Manufactory. —
XXV. 23
Coate, J., & Co. — XXVIII. 51
Coates & Blizard.— V. 81,")
Coates, K. J.— xxvii. 19
Coates, W.— I. 492a
Coathupes & Co. — xxiv. 47
Cobb, T.- VI. 150
Cohbohl, K.— I. 228
Coiiourg-Gotiia, Count Ern<st of. —
Zollv. (Octagon Rorni), b3ti
Cocchi, L.— Auslrii, 707
Cochins, E. E.— Zollverein(l), 13
Cochois & Colin. — France, 124
Cochqueel, see Iteqiiillart, Rnussel, &a.
Cochqueel, F.— France, 1 1 48
Cochran, J. W.— United Slates, 141,
297. 480
Cochrane, A. — vil. ITiS
Cochrane Sc, Co.— vil. 26
Cochrane, J. — xxil. 434
Cochrane, J. & W.-xii. & xv. 188
Cochrane, W., see Cochrane, J. & W.
Cock, H. — xxx, (Fine Art Court), 147
Cocke, Gen. J. H.— United Slates, i7l
Cocker, S. & Son— xxii. 115
Cocker & Sons. — xxil. 234
Cockerill, J.— Belgium, 1 ID
Cockerill, R.— XXIX. 281
Cockerill, W.— Zollvereui (1), 103
Cuckn, C., see Cocks, J. & C,
Cocks, E.— XXIX. 286
Cocks, J. & C— XXIX. 317
Cocks, R. & Co.— xvn. 1 23
Cockshol, see Wall, Cockshut, & Wall
Cucu, A. — France, 125
Cod, Nicholas. — New Zealand
Cody, J,— XX. 64
Cotley, J. A., and J. Smith.- x. 434
Coffey, T.— VI. 615
Cogan, R.— XXIV. 20
Cohen, U.— " iria, 746
Cohen & Or in. 49
Cohn, J. H.— „ol!verein (I), 603
Cohn, L. H. — Hamburgh, 42
Cohn, Brothers, & Herman, Brothers.—
Zollverein(l),I04
Colm, Philip, & Co. — Zollverein (I),
137
Coignet & Son. — France, 1153
Colmbra, the Nuns of. — Portugal, 417
CointBavarot, & Son.— France, 800
Colclough, see Glover & Colclougli
Coldleis, Van Roy. — Belgium, 41
Cole, E. J.— I. 504
Cole & Son.— XIX. 132
Cole, T.— X. 31
Colegate,\V..S(; Co.— United States, 301
Colegrave, F. E.— v. 102; vm. 142;
XVI. 97
Coleman.— United .States, 374
Coleman, Mrs. C— I'niled States, 71
Coleman, R.— ix. 210
Coleman, T. G — XVI. OS
Coles, W.— VII. 1 1 ; X. 660
Coifs, J. T.— Belgium, 417
Colgan & Son. — xxi. 25
Colin, see Cochois & Colin
Colin, J. R. — France, 1504.
CuUacchioni, G. — Tuscanv, 52
Collard & Collard.— X. 108
Collars, J. B.- VIII. 30!)a
Collas, M. A. C— France, 801
Colle. — Belgium, 61
Collel, F.— /ol I vereii. (3), 1 1 0
Collenbnsch, see Dreyse & Collenbnsch
Colles, A.— I. 140
Collet, F. C— France, 93
Collett, C— VI. 155
Collftt, W. R.— I. 458
CoUetta-Lefebvre. — France, 458
Collette, Doucet. — Belgium, 5
Colley, G. — xxx. (Fine Art Court), 121
Colliard & Comte. — France, 1154
Collie, W. — Jersey and C-ucrnsey, 22
Collier, Son, & .Snowdon.— xxil. 100
Collin, C. K.— France, 126
Colling, J. — British Guiann, 162
k 2
cxxxii
INDEX OP EXHIBITORS AND OTIIEKS
C<illiiiK«.-v. 8'i8.
CiilliiiK*, C.tcCo. V. 49. 482. 817;
VI. •13'.>:xxii. &73
Culliiikt, J.-xxviii. 120
Cilliiii, C. W. X. -Iftg
Culliiii, F.— XVIII 80
Culliiit,J.-xxii. 88
Collins & Rom. -XIX. 133
CoUiiii, It. N. -II. 1U1I
Colliiiiun, ne Cope Mi CoU'iiiion
0)lliiuuii, C.-l. 7d
Gulliiiiuii, n. C xxvt. <10
CollinMii, Key. J. — New Zealaiul, 3
Colli..- France, I701»
CoUii, «. K.-xxiii. 34
Colliion, <«e Prince, Colliinn, & Co.
CoUof, Ilrulliert.— France, 1195
ColU, L., Me Colli, R. & L.
ColU. R. & L,-x. :<U3
Collyer, Gov. H. W.— Unite<l States, 289
Colman, J. & J.— in. 117
Colmenero, F. & J.— S)Min. 182
Colnet, De, SM Leem[M>el, Van, De
Colnet & Co.
Colon), D. Juan.— S|min, 74
Colomb, fee Rauss & Colonib
Colombo, O.— Austria, 63(1
OolquliQun, J. N., Lt.-Col.— in. 13.
Colt, S.— United Slates, 321
Collon, J. W.— United Slates, 310
Colville, M. & Mile.— France, 802
Comba, F.— Sardinia, 83
Combes. — France, 4S9
Cumii.i, J.— IX. 143
Cumnieford & Redt{ute.— United States,
129. 495
Common, J. — xxn. 630
Ciimuleni, IVfailame. — Franco, 1711.
Comte, see Colliard & Cointe
Con, Van der Maeren & Co. — xxiv. 20
l.'oncanen, E. — xxx. (Fine Art Court), 2
Concha, A. — Spain, 49
Coiide, M. De la.- Jersey and Guern-
sey, 7
Conerdinir, Mrs. Ma Von. — xix. 146
Coiigos, O.— Greece, 57
Connauulit Schools. — xix. 61
Coime, A.— XXIV. 28
Connell, see Muirs, Coiniell, & Brodie
CuiHiell, 1). — xxin. 16
(Joiniell, W.— X. II ; New Zealand, 10
Connerot, M. — France, 1.567
Conrad, F. U.— Netherland*, 90
Conrad, W.— France, 1156
Coiiiadsen, N. — Denmark, 36
Constable.— IX. 109
Constable, H.— viii. 140
Constable, Haiinaii. — xix. 134
Constable, W.— v. 70
Constantin, Messrs. — France, 94
Constantine, St. Nuns of. — Greece, 54
Constantinople, Central Committee of.
—Turkey,
Constantoulaclii. — Greece, 53
Cunta & Boehine.— Zillverein (1), 815
Conte.— xxx. (Fine Art Court), 140
Conti, Guido de. — Tuscany, 93
Cunti & Son. — Tuscany, 23
Conti, v.— Spain, 139A
Contreras, R. -Spain, 283
Converso. — .Algeria, 21
Cooch, J. — IX. 93
Coode, Browne, & Co. — South Australia
Coode, G. — IX. l.isA
C>M>k, see Hagups, Cook, & Wormal
Cook, A.— 1. 19
Cook, G.— XXX. (Fine Art Court), 104
Cook, J. — xxvin. .'J4 ; United States,
24.'; see also Cook, W. W. & J.
O)ol<, J. R.— xxx. (Fine Art Conrt), 9
Cnok, Rowley, k Co. v. 816
Cook, T.— XXII. J79
Cook, T. A. n. 15
Ctwk, W.— XIX. 135 i XXII. 16
Cook, W. W. & J. -XI. 38
Cook k Williams.— X. 085
< looke, sre GiMll'rey k Cooke.
O(ok», K. VV.— IV. 2*i X. li64A
Cooke, H.— VI. 118
Cooke k Sons.— XVII. 73
Cooke, W. k Sons.— United Stales, 318
Cookes&Sons— xxx. (KineArtCrt.)llO
Cooksey, H. K.-xxii. 3.'U
Couley, J.— v. 961
Cooinb«r, J. XXVI. 307
Coombes, B. ft Co.— xxn. 37 ; vi. 444
Cooney, C— iv. 70
Coo|)er k BlagK.— Zollverein (3), 96
Cooper k Hiinill.- VI. 624
Coo|ier, D. & J.— xii. & xv. 42
Cooper, E. O.— viii. 334a
C'0\m, G.— XXII. 223; xxvi. 291;
see also Cooper, J. J. & G.
Cooiier, J., see Coo|jer, D. k J.
Coo|ier, J. J. k G.— xx. 172a
Cooper, J. M.—xxviii. 151
CoojKT, J. R. & Co.— VIII. 241
Cooper, M.— XVI. 90
Cooper & Maclean.— VIII. 72
Cooper, S.— I. I 29a
i:oo|)er, M. M.— XXVI. 235
Coo|)ers, see Field, (^oo|iers, k Faulds;
Spyvee & Cooiwrs; Williams, Coo-
[lers, Hoyle, k Co.
Ciioremau, A.J. — Beljfium, 212
Coosemans, M. — Belgium, 96
CiNitais, Government of. — Russia, 118
Co|)e, see Hopkinson k Cope; Siierwin,
( 'ope, k Co.
Cope & Collinson.— XXII. 295 ; xxvi.
122
Cope, Hammerlon, k Co. — xill. 70
Copeland, Aid. M. P.— Persia, 6 ; see
also Copeland, \V. T.
Cojieland, Fanny.— xix. 136
t'opeland, O. A.— I. 520
Coiieland, W. T.— xxv. 2; xxvi. 180a
Copenhagen Royal Porcelain Manu-
factory. — Denmark, 33
Coiiestake, see Groucock, Co|)eslake &
Aloore
Copland, Barnes, & Co.— in. 1 1
Copland, C. M.A.— x. 46a; xxx. (Fine
Art Court), 136; China
Copling, J. jun. — V. 608
Copney, W.-n. 118
Copiiel, A.— Zollverein (1), 628
Coppi, see Hall, Brothers, Sloaiie k
Coppi
Coppin, L. jun.— France 128
Cop|iock, J. — n, 69
Corah & Sons.— xx. 208
Ci'rl)en k Sons.- v. 818
Curboda.— Spain. 29
Corcoran, B. & Co.— vi. 416
Cordel, see Tautenstein & Cordell
Corderant, A. — Fr,.nce, 1157
Cordier, C— France, 460
Cord'ng, J. C— xxviH. 82
Cordo.>nier& C"- — Prance, 1159
Gordovai Agricultural Board of. — Spain,
99
Cordova, Mining Inspector of — S|iain,29
Cork & Edge.— xxv. 2 1
Cornfea, V. «.— Portugal, COO
Corneau & Son— United States, 13
O)meiro, B. F.— Portugal, 940
Cornelius, k Co. — United States, 46
Cornelius & Kanlbach. — Zollverein (1),
148
Cornell, Ly«ll,& Webster, xni. U.23
Curnell.T.- XXII. 219
Cornet.- IX. Mi
Cornw, J.— IX. 83
Coriiay, Mt Barrett k Comey
Coniforth, J.— xxn. 322
ConiidM, L. — Hamburgh, 101
Ctiriiillon, J. H. — France, 95
Coridquel, C. — France, 4b I
Corns, W.— xxx. (Fine Art Court), 36,
Cornwall, Duuby of, - 1. 452
Correa, B. de 8.— PorliiKal, 43
Currea, V. G.— Portugal, 600
Corridi, O. — Tuscany, 22
Corridi, P.— Tuscany, 89
Corry, Blain, & Co.— xiv. 24
Corry, J. k J.— XVI. 314; XX. 190
Corrvton, J.— viii. 82
Corsinu, J. da F.— Portugal, 809
Cort y Marti, P.— SiJttin, 273
Corte.— viii 177
Coruuna, Ins|)«ulor of Mines — Spain, 18
Cory, W. k VV. iun.— I. 209
Cosack, J.— Zollverein (I), 829
Cosfhs, see Laugher & Cosens
Cosquin, J,— France, 804
Cossack women, Orenbourg.— Ruuia,
132. 198
Cossack's Wife, A.— Russia, 282
Cossens, B. J. — xxx. (Fine Art Court),
25
Cossins, see Daniel and Cossins
Cossley k Sons. — xix. 1 42
Costa, R. da— Portugal, 343
Costain, T.— VIII. 136
Coste, F.— Belgium. 397
Costuli, Prof. A.— Tuscany, 106
Cottam, E — xxn. 59
Cottam k Hallen.— vi. 221 ; ix. IOOa;
XXII. 698 (South Transept)
Cotterell, Brothers— xxvi. 140
Colterill, E.— xxn. 307
Cottew, J. B.— VIII. 98
Cotti, see Call! and CottI
Cottingham, N.J. — Main Avenue West,
63
Cotton, D.— xxx. 177
Couchonnal k Co, — France, 1 100
Couchoud, St. R.— Fiance, 1161
Coucke, C. — Netherlands, 57
Couder, A, — France, 1966
Couderc k Soucaret, jun. — France, 06
Coulaux, sen. & Co. — France, 129
Coullwis. — France, 1909
Coulson, J, & Co. — XIV. Oi
Coulson, Jukes, k Co. — ii. 72
Coulson, W.— XIV. 93
Coulton, J. D.— xxx. (Fine Art Court),
342
Coiipin, J.— France, 1162
Cuurnerie k Co. — France, 462
Court, J.— xxil, 389
Courtauld, S. k Co. — xill. 34
Courte, P. — France, 1164
Courtepee-Duchesnay.— France, 806
Courtey, Brothers, and Barez. — France,
97
Courtial. — France, 807
Courtin, R.— France, 1570
Courtney, see Jenkins and Courtney
Courtois, A.— France, 1163
Courtois, A. sen.— France, 130. 463
Courtois, E.— France. 808. 1571
Courtown, Lord. — i. 143
Courvoirier, see Jucot & Courvoirier
Courvoisier, F. — Switzerland, 34
Cousens, S. — in. 88
Cousens & Whiteside.— x. 86
Cousin. — France, 1572
Cousins & Son.— V. 820 ; xxil. 165
er. XIII. U. 23
WII()8E NAMES APPEAR IN THE CATALOGUE.
L'XXxiii
II Avenue Wf«f,
•"iiie Art Court),
CiiutMux, A. J.— Kraiicv, bUA
<;i.ute, D. v.- 139a
C'outeur, Col. Juhii f.«— Jrruy k Guerii-
roudirirr & RmihiiU.— France, 98
Convert & Liicaf. — lielt(ium, 404
Covtlier«, m« Niiflel, Van, & Cuveliera
Coveney, Mr». — XIX. 1.19
Coventry Rilihoiii'Commiltpe.— xiu .72
Cuwaii, A. & Sun*.— VI. 166; xvii. 101
Cowan, H.— IX. I'.Mv
Cowan, L.— XVI. 273
Cowan It Sum.— xxix. 19
Cuwell, 8. H,- XXX. (Fine Art Co.), 38
Oiwel) & Tliomo*.— XXVI. 526
Cowen & Co.— xxvii. 1 12
CowKill, Jeuop, & Co.— XII. & xv. 122
Cowie & Rae.- I. I<i
Cowley & Jamei.— XXII. 62
Cowling, J.— xvx. 142
Cow|ier, «M Murray & «Jow|ier
Cow per, Pnif. K.-vi. 134
Cowper, R. A.- v. 699; xxix. 245
Cowper, J.— I. 61
Cowper, T„ §et Wallace, W.
Cow|iertbwaite & Co. — United Slalei,
3li0
Cowdadeft Lovejoy. — vi. 91
Cowvon, U. &S,-xxi. 9
Cuwvan, 8., me Cuwvaii, li. St 8.
Cox. — Braxil,2; Meal9uItobiiM,Ai]Klin,
&Cox
Cox, MiM A.— XIX. 220
Cox, R., & Co.— Algeria, 68
Cox, F.— Van Diemen's Land, 280
Cox, G.— X. 347
Cox, G. J.— XXX. (Fine Art Co.), 248
Cox, H.— XXX. (Fine Art Court), 283
Cox, J. — XXIX. 68
Cox, N. F.— VIII. 208
Cox, R. S., & Co.- XIII. 66
Cox, 8. — XVI, m
Cox, T.— XVI. 275
Cox, W.— VI. 608
Coxeter, J.— x. 682
Coxlieail, «ee Fordati, Coxlieail, & Co.
Cozeni &Greatrex.— XVI. 283
« ;rabtree, T.— vi. 3
Crabtree, W.— xil. «c xv. •'53
Crace, J, G.— xxill. 97; xxvi. 5.30
Craddock, T.— v. 76 } xxx. (Fine Art
Court), 227
Cragg, J.— X. 8
Craig.— x. 259
Craig, J.— v. 776
Craig, J., & Co.— IX. 262a
Cramer, L. & Co.— Zollverein,(l) 610
Crampton, T. R.— v. 508
Crane, see Saiidland & Crane; aluo
Wright, Crump, & Cruiie
Crane, J.- XXVI. 210
Crap, H. .1. L.— Netherlandi, 25
Craven, see Bayley & Oaven
Craven 8t Harrop. — xil. & xv. 153
Craven & Son. — xil. & xv. 149
<'rawforil, H. M.— United Slates, 91
Crawford, J.— xxvi. 96
Crawford & Linda<iv9. — xiv. 13
Crawhall, .1.— vi. 78
Crawsliay, see Hawks, Crawsbay, & Co.
Creak, J. — xvi. 141
Creoaer, Mr*. — XXVI. 289
Credrue, F.— France, 134
Creer, «<« Quillium & Creer
Ctemetf: Co.— xvi. 198
Ciemer, J. — France, 1573
Creapel-Delliue. — France, 465
Crespin, E. — xxviii. 36
Crcsson, Elliott.— United States, 327
Ctesswell, J.— X. 417
Cresla'luro, A.— v. 557
Creiwick, N., tee Creawick, 1', J, it N.
Crviwiek, T. J. & N. xxill. 45
Crew, J. J.— XXIII. ^3
Cribli, T. J.— xxx. (Fine Art Cuuri),
116
Crirliton tt Co.— vi. 36
Cricbtoii, I).- VI. 35
Crirbton, O.— XXX. (Fine Ait Court),
229
Crichton, J.— X. 453
Crick, Kllen.— XIX. 140
Crickiit It. K.-x. 2fi7
Criiier, «.— xxvill. 101
Crip|«, W. N.-v. 576
Cristofoll, A.— Austria, 38
Critcliley, Brinsley, &Co.— xili. 40
Criteir, E.— Malta, 24
Cro«ll, W., jun., & Co.-v. 824
Crocco, nruinrrs. — Sardinia, 50
Cnxsker, A., see Crocker. J. & A.
Crocker, J. St A.— xi. 61 ; xvili. i 1
Croco, F.— France, 809
Croff, U.— Austria, 708
Cro;{gon St Co.— Vll. 110
Croid, R.— VIII. ;'04
Croiiat, J.— France, 1574
Croissant St I..aueiistein. — Hamburgh, 7
Crnmiick, J, J.— xil. St xv. 68
Cronibie, J. & Co.— XII. & XV. 228
Crwik, F.— XXX. (Fine Art Court), 57
Crook, W,— XXII. 244
Crookes, C. — North Transept, 49 ; xxil.
641 (Main Avenue, West)
Croon, Mrothers.— Zollverein (1), 600
Cropet. — Frmice, 131
Crosnier, M. L. Le. — France, 1305
Cross. C— VI. 64; xiii. 32
Crose, C. & Co.— xi. 47 ; xx. 115a
Cross, O.— XVII. 88
Cross, J.— XI. 4 1
Cross, Mary.— XIX. 141
Cross, S.— IV. 1 ;)6
Cross, W.— XII. & XY. 202
Crosskill, K.— V. 826 ; ix. 11
Crosskill,W.— v.2r); vi. 404; ix. 135
Croiislitnd, H., see Crosiland, W. St H.
Crossland, W. & H.— xii. & xv. 97
Crossley & Sons. — xix. 142
Crouch. — South Africa, 58a
Croughton, H.— xxvi. Hay i, 21
Croughton, \\ . P.— m. »2
Croutelle. — France, 132
Crow, T.— XVI. 196
Crowcher, (;. jun. — iv. 3a
Crawley & Skiis. — ix. 06
Crowquill, Alfred.— xxv. 7
Cruchley, 0. F.— xvil. 74
Cruchet, V.— France, 810
Crucifix, E.— France, 133
Crtlger. see Droiii, Criiger & Co.
Crummack, E. — xxviii. 18
Crump, see also Wright, Crump, & Co.
Crump, T.— IX. 160
Crutwell, Allies & Co. — Western end.
South Enclosure (Outside), 52; 1.402
Cratwell & Co.— v. 659
Cruz, Areas, D. — Siinin, 253o
Cruz, F. J. da— Portugal, 756. 776
Cruz, J. de la— Spain, 149. 201
Cruz, P, de la— ^♦|)ain, 196
Cubitt, see Gregory, Cubitt, & Co.
Cuhitf, J.— V. 628
Cuend^t, Adeline. — Switzerland, 159
Cuesia, A. De la. — Spain, 49a
Cu«; R.— XVI. 96
Cuff, R. P.— xxx. 312
Cugat, J. P.~Spain, 247
Cuglierero, R. —Sardinia, 67
Cugiiut, A.— France, 99
Cuijpers, J. K.- Netherlands, 05
Cullnm, see Sharpus St Ciilluin
Culverwell, W.-xxii. 7.'>4
Cummiiig, J. G.~ I. 151. 493
Cummiiig, Rev. J. O.— i. 157. 195;
XXVII. 64
Cuininiiigs, see M'l^iean St Cummliigs
Cummiiigs, J. A. — Unileil Ntutes, 452
Cummins, see Charlwood St Cummint
Cumont, I).— Belgium, 2il5
Cuiidall St Aililey. — XVII. 106 ; xxvill.
13 ; XXX. (Fine Art Court), 112
Cundy, S.-Page 848
Cunliffe, Sarah Ann.— XIX. 144
Cunning, W.— xxvi. 165
( 'iimiingbam, A. R. — xxii. 626
Cnnniiigbam & Carter.— v, 654
Cunnings, Jane.— xxvill. 159
Curjar, T. — Hamburgh, .15
Curmer, A. — France, 133
Curr St Co.— XIV. 88
Ciirran St Sons.— xxvi. 215
Currie, J.— xvi. 215
Currif f, ft« Prin, Tanner, &c.
Curtet, jun. — Algeria. 22
Curtis, see Parr, Curtis and Madeley
Curti<, Brotbers&Co.— iv. 126 ; xxviii.
194
Curtius, J.— Zullverein (I), 458
Cusson,Puurcher,& Rossigiiul.- Fruiice,
468
Cussons & Co.— XVI, 34 ; xvii. 69 ;
xvill. .55
Custer St Schacktier. — Switzerland,
148
Cutch, Rao of. — India, viii. : xxx.
Cuthlwrtsoii, see Scott & Cuthlieilsun
Cutler, .!.— XXII. 217
Cutler, W.— XX. 60.
Cuvillier, H., sen. — France, 469
Cuyere, Mrs.— Tuscany, 59
Cuyper. De. — Belgium, 455 (Main Ave-
nue East)
Cuyper, De L.— Belgium, 455 (Maiu
Avenue East)
Cuyper, H. De, see Rernaert & Cuyijer,
H. De
Cuyper, J. F. De.— Belgium, 192
Cuyper, H. De, see Ueemaert, &c.
Cwm Avon iron Co.— v. 645
Czekelius, C. — Austria, 45
Czermak, P. — Austria, 585
Dabaret-Tampe. — France, 152
Daboust, see Cappellemaiis, J. B. and
Daboust
Dada, B.— Russia, 250
Daehns, A.— Zollverein (1), 269
Dael, G.— Zollverein (6), 82
Daflamme, M. A. — Canada. 1 13
Dafrique,F.— France, 1575
Dagand. — France, SI I
Dagnall & Co.— xiv. 89
Dagnet, T.— Switzerliuid, 75
Dalilbom, P. A.— Sweden, 71
Dalilheim, J.— Zollverein (1), 814
Doily and Co. — xi. 64
Dokin & Co.— VI. 408
Dalby, J.— xil. & xv. 1521
Dale, U.— XXII. 501
Dalgetv, A.— VI. 226
Dalgleish, Falconer, & Co. — xvitl. 27
D'Almaine, W. F.— xxvi. 301
Dalphin, J. E.— United States, 493
Dalrymple, Mary E. — xix. 377
Dalrymple, W.— xu. & xv. 240
Daltoii, J. — Vi. 4
Dalton, T.— XXIX. 48
Daly, J — V. 400; xii. &xv. 264.
cxxxiv
Bnm Of natiRois and otbkrs
■<
D«m«iii«ilU.— Fruiicr, 1ft3
Ditmaiit, W." XXVII. .1, 4.
DamiriNi ft Cu. -Kruiict, 1 1(17
DamMi, T. - 1. \VJ
Dittntrh & Mii«ii<«rt Siinf, — SS<illv«rt>iii
(0. 7li
Diuiliy, (!. &T.— XIX. 71.
Dmby, J — xxiv. Hit.
DiiiiliT. 1'., m' Danby, C. tt T.
lUiickwurt, Lifiit,— Swwlfii, iH
l)«ii(l(>, M« Hanliiiy, Ditii<lii, H Co.
Diui<l<s Nohs, & C<k— XX. do
Ditnilojr, Miiillitrd, I^ic(|, St Co. —
Frmicr, 4U1
Daiigtr, $fi: Avrrjr At Ditiifrar
DaiiKnr, It. C New Soiilli Wulvi, 7
iJannwHclil - Canada, 1 1 1
DAnid.jun. — tfraiirr, I Hi8
Duiifl ic CowiiM.— XIX. Hi
DiMiicI, J. — Chiiut
D^iiel, T.— X) IX. 170
Daniell, A. U. & H. H.~xxv. 23
Daiiiell, J. C.~ix. 'J65; xxil. Oo7
Duiiell, K. P., M« Daiiiell, A.D. & H. P.
Daniell, W.— VII. 1«2
Daniclli. — XII. & XV. 12.
Dapjard, L. V. — France, 136
Danii, T.— I. 56.
Daniiatt.J.— XXII. 43
Daiineau. — Hclgium, .'0'.
Daniiebeig & Sun.— 2<(.llveretri (I) 710
DaiiMr, J., tee Sorive, Un. & J. OunMr
Darblay, jiiii. — France, l.'V'U
Darbru, K.— France, 1377
Darche, C. T. — Uelnium, 177
Darier, H.— Swiliorlanil, 61, 76
Dark, Matilda, & Son*.— xxix. 197
Dark, R.— XXIX. lUH
Darling, N.- XX. 131
Darlinir, W.— Uiiiled 8»a«e«. 191
Darmaniii, J., & Sum, — Mallo, 20
Darnell, J.— x. 383
l>arnet. — France, (078
Barrai, P.— France, 470
Dd:». & Son.— V. 849
Dartel, $ee Temioniiet, Dartet, &c.
Dartevelle& Muimoury, — BclKinm, 3'29
Darton. W.— United Slatei, 449
Darvell, W. J.— x. 389
Darvieu, ten. Valmald&Cu. — France,
1169
Daubani. — xxix. 22R
Daulietand Dumaret. — France, 1379
Daticliel, jun. — France, 154
]).iucher, S. — Anilria, 508
Daudre, A. — France, 1 1 70
Dautlrieii. — France, 155
Daudville, A. — France, 156
Daupliinot-Perard. — Fraiu-f, 471
Daiipiai & Co.— Portugal, 851-901
Dauptain, Gorton, & Co, — ii> 03
Dauthuille, A. T.— France, 1 171
Dautremer St Co. — France, 137
Dautriame, lee Parnuit, V. Dautrisiiie,
Son« & Co.
Daveluy, D. — Delgiuni, 448
Davenport, J. L. — vi. 80
Davenport, J. T.—u. Ill
Davey, lee Bickford, Smith & Davey
Davey, 8.— i. 503
David, Druthers, & Co. — France, 157
David, C— France, 812
David, Lahbez, St Co.— France, 133
Davidoff, B.— Russia, 332
Davidson, tee Clark & Davidson
Davidson. A.— X. 385
t)avi<lson, C. H.— viii. 23S
gavidsoii, Capl. I). — viii. 238
avidsoii, O. & W.— xxix. 158
Davidson, J., $ee Davidson, W. & J.
Pavidsoii, J. St Co.— V. 774 ; xiii 47
Davhlwin, J, D.— United States, 961
Davidson, liletit,- xix. 1 18
Davi<l«iii, W., X. 108) «N Daviilson, G.
St \V.
Davidson, W. .": >. Ai Co.-xi. 17
Davits, Archdearon. Van DIenirn's
Land, 178, 179
Davifs, D. V. h28
Davie*, U, - XXIV. 17 I set also Davies,
.1. St U.
DavJM, (J. C. XXVI. 120
Davies, J.- II. 70
Davies, J. & ii.-v. 16
Davies, Mrs.- xix. 49
Davie«, R.— XX. 216
Davies St Stins. -xii. St XV. 214
Davies St Taylor.- i. 323
Davies, W.— xxiv, 38
Davis, see Moses, 8<iii & Davis; uho
SchoHHid, Hrown. \c.
Davl*, C- XXII. .')22 j xxvi. 329
l>ivis, I). — Weslerii end, South Knclo-
siire I Outside), 43
D.ivis, K.— Pn|{e 848
Davis, G.— XXVI. 143
Davis, Grealliead, ft (I'lteu.— xxiv. 13
Davis, H. A., ire Davi^, W.
Davis, J.— VIII. 233 i x. 70, 331)
XVII. 183; Canada, 78
Davis, J. II.— XXII. 536. 643
Davis, J. 1).— Unilfd .States, 0o3
Davis, R.— VIII. 271.
Davis, T IX. 4(»
Davis, W.— X. 30; xxx. (Fine Art
Court), 65
Davison, fiee Gray and Davismi
Daviss, we Wasliiiigton & Daviss
Davison, W, — Urilisli Guiana, l3, 77
D.tvitti, L. — Tustuny, 40
Davy.— IX. 237
Davy, Rev. C. R.— VI. 234
Davy, Mur.kmiirdo, *t Co.— ii. 02
Daw, see Wilton, Daw, St Co.
Dawliarn & Co.- i. 208
Dawb<« & Dimililetoii, — XXII. 499
Dawes, H.— xxvi. 135
Dawson, «e« Hird, Dawson, St Hardy
Dawson, C. — x. 554
Dawson, Deborah. — xix. 140
Dawson, F. W.— v. 830
Dawson, G.— Unileil Stati-s, 543
Dawson, J. — VI. 612
Dawson & Morris. — IV. 118
Dttx, R.— xvi. 278
Day.— xxvi. 280; xxx. (Fine Art
Court), 30
Doy, H. H — United Stales, 308
Day, H. J. -v. 133
Day, J.— XIV. 55 : United States, 575
Day, T. & VV.— New South VV ales, 2
Day & Millwuril.— V. 772
Day, Mins. — xxviii. 169
Day & Newell.— United States, 298
Day, R.— xxx. (Fine Art Court), 161a
Day & Son — xii. & xv., 113; xxx.
(Fine Art Court), bO
Day & Twibell.— I. 262
Day, W., see Day, J. & VV.
Daymond, J. — xxx. (Fine Art Co ), 1 02
Deacovk, E.— xxx. (Fine Art Co.) 72
Deacock, T.— x. 473
Deadde.— France, 813
Deakin, E.— xxv. 18
Deakin, G.— xxii. 157
Deakin, G. & Co.— xxll. 1 10
Dean. — Canada, 1 1 1
Dean, Amos & Co.— United St,ite9, 101
Dcun, \j. — United .States, 245
Dean, H.— Canada, 102
Dean & Nun. - XVII. 18
Dean, T. - IX. 4.
Deune, A,— xxil. ,10.'
Deane, Aduiiis & Deane. — viii, 223
Deane, C. A. -v. 15m
Deane, Drity, St Deane.- IX. 1^0; XXI.
6 ; XXII. 186
Deune, U St i. VIII, 223a
Dvaiie, J — V. 426, fc m'r Deane, U. & J.
Deane ft Johnson.- Hoiilh Al'iica, 19
Deans, VV.— VIII. 40
Dear, see Rogers ft Dear
Dear, A.- xill. 37
I ear, J. C- XXIX. 128 ,
Dearlove, M. VV.- x.707
Deas, (I'll Uarvit' ft D-us
Deas, U.— Itiime, 49
Debaiii, A. C— France, 1172
Deiiaul'er, H.-xxii, 443
Debauiie, U,— Uelginni, 131
llelilittudl, Hrollieri. — lielKiiim, 39
Debbuust, lie la Croix.— Iklginin, II']
Debliel, Pellerin ft Co. France, 1 173
Deblauwe.Peel, Jean.- lielgiuni, 323
Deliraluuidere, P. F. - Uelgiuni, 2l8
Debray, C— ^Franc.i', 139
Debtioliy, F. — France, 140
Deby, A. ft Co.- Helgiuni, 37
Decesure, P. P. -Malta, 27
Decker, H. L.-Zollverrin (I), 14«
Decocli, W.— BeUlutii, 221
Deconinrk, A.— ItelKiuin, 112
Deed, J. S. -XVI. 10
Deering, J.-- I. 121
Delbiux, J. B.- Iieli(ium, 188
DflTeirari, Hrolliers,- Sunliiiia, 44
Delliier, scu Zwerger, Van, DeQ'ner, ft
VVeis*
Dcdner, C.-- Zollvereiii (4), 71
DelVeniie, Sopliii'.— Helgiuin, 310
Defries, N xxii. 482
Degardin, V, A. M. France, 1174
Degrueve, D.— Uelgiuni, 00
Degryse, L.- Uel)(iiim, 63
Delimel, H.-Zollv. (I), J34
DvliuuNse, L,— lielginni, ]!i'.i
DeiglitoM. — Main Avenue West, .')Ha
Deinlmrd & Jor.lan. Zi.llv. (I), b6f>
Deitrich, liaron J., Von.— Austria, laO
Dejante.— Portugal, 1 10, 111. 1 1,). 2:12-
247. 250, 2:) I. 263, 26 1. •.'60, 2(i7
Delalurre, see (iuidicelli ft Delubarre
Delabaunie, C. — France, I5fll
De la Bond, Count. — xxx. 311
Delabole Slate Company. — VVeslerii
end, South Kiiclosuie (Outside), 8 ;
I. 214
Delacour, H. P. — Fiance, 472
Delttcour, L. F.— France, 1382
Delacour, Peigne.— France, 370
Delacrelazft Fuurcade. — France, 158
De la Fons, J. P.— xxil. SOO
Delage-Montigiiac, F.— France, 141
Delahaye, A. -Belgium, .303
Delamare, aiv Rstiijiie ft Delamare
De la Morinitire, Gonin, ft Michelet. —
France, 1583
Delanoe.Capt, J. C— United Slates, 545
Delarbre.— France, 1175
Delarbre, V.— France, 1176
Delaroche, F. T.— Belgium, 304
Delai'uche-Dait;i'emont, — France, 207
De la Rue & Co.— xvil. "6. 177
Delaltre ft Son,— France, 142
Delbaere, Madame. — Belgium, CO
Delcttinbre, A.— Fruiic", 1581
Delcourt, A.— Belgium, 30
Deleglie ft Co. — France, 143
Deleuil.scf Chariii're & Delenil
Deleuil, Ii. J.— France, IGO
WU08K NAMES AIM>KAR IN TIIK CATAhUUUE.
cxxxv
«.— VIII. 3i3
.—IX. I^U; XXI.
iiiteU States, 54a
D«lwi«, A.— Krai'M, 1178
D»l<tvl|{iM.— Ihlgiiim, 'M?
Utltvuyt, V. D.— IMKiiim, 4il
D«lfMM>i HruthuM, — Vr«iio«i 144
DflgMio, D.— N|Htill, -^31
l)tl|wl«H J. J. It.^ I>.)rtii!al, 300
IMioourl, K.~rrMlc^ 1710
Ualioft, J., ««« Fttu, A., & J. Dfli«,j<i
Dtliroon. v.— rrmiof, II8U
D<ili«l<lhCo.~-Vniiov, lltti
Dcliui, C— Zollv. (I), H(M
Deliut, K. A. & .Soiu.- XolW. (<), ^48
Dtliut, J. D.-Knllv«r«in (I), AhU
D«lkwk«in|i, F. W.- Zullv. (0), 19
1)«U, Bnitlicri.- X. lUO
Dalolinr, H. -X. 10
Uelongiivil, H. — Kraiirti, lAfi5
l>«lluy», M. C- UfUiiim, »7tf
DfUtknuhr, L. nca Delituiiolir, A. tt L.
I)«litaiiclir, K. Jb Iirroy — UalKium, 433
DeliUiich*, F.— llolKium, 610
JMvignr, O. — Fraiicr, -173
D«ly, M.— Swiiurlaiiil, 16
Dcmati, T. — UolKiiim, 116
DamuiMt, C. — Helginm, iOi
Drmaiirt, Ooloiiel.- HrlKium, 178
Deineiilcimcrr, E.— Bvlgiiini, 2'J3
D«midiiir, Meurt - Ruwia, it I, 120,
133. 3:^4
Deinuiitrfliiili— XXX. 3A0
DeiniMter, *!.— viii. )74
l)«mytli«iwi'r«.— Ii<>l|{iiini, 246-'2<'iO
D«iich,— WMterii Kriil, Niirlli Kiioltwiire,
(OiiUiilc),«l
Dtfneirouw, K. Uoit, Gluvy & Co. —
France, 11(12
Ueiiliunn, Ca|ilain. — vin. 72
l)«iiingrr, ho Mayer, Michel, &c.
Deiiii, A, — France, 161
Denii, J, Br- BelKium, 160
Deiiisuii, Sir MT. T. — Van Dieinen's
Land, l-.'i. 24-3). 38. 06-77. MO.
121-120. 136, 137. 140-IM. 176.
188. 217-220. 2'.'9. WJ, 270. 272.
217.304.312.331-340
Denniiigliin, C. L*— United Statet, 300
Deiinii G.— Britiili Quiuna, 14U
l)enni», Rev. J. B. P.— xxix. 161
Deniiyi, ace Swainton & Dennyt
Dent, Alcroft & Co.— xx. 78
Dent, K. J.— x. 00. 68 (Main Avenue
VVeet)
Dent, L. — China
Denter, seo Reed, Chadwick & Denter
Dentith, W.— II. 8 (Main Avenue Wett)
Denton, J. B.— X. 317
Deniielle, A. D.— France, 1 183
Dro Narain Sing. — India, xxvi.
Depierre, Urutlien.— Swilierlund, 189
De|mtt«r, A. — Belgium, 1 1 1
DepouUy, C— France, 10i6
Deraiey. — France, 814
Derfler, J.— Auitriu, 480
Dernig, O. E x. 436
Deriiherger, F. — Atiitria, 500
Deroubuix, H. — Belgium, 230
Dervaux-Lefebvre. — France, J43j see
also Dubreulle, &c.
Dervilleft Co.— France, 162
Derwentlron Company, -v. Cl7
Desanges, A. — France, 1 184
Deabrodes. — France, 1587
Deacaliif J. — Sardinia) 72
Descartes, J. — France, 810
DeschamiM, N. — France, 1 189
Desjardini, B. — Canada, 08
Desjardins, P. — Canada, 30. 47
Desiardins-Livux. — France, 108s
DHsiandelles, acv Guiliery, Deslandelles,
&Co.
l)«smMii«t d» Itircme, Viieuunl C, —
lleliiium, 16
t>i>ani>-dt & Co.— Belgium, 101
IK-snirill, Madame — Belgium, 323
l>»«nii>nd, M.— XVI. 171
Dnplanque, jnn.- France, 816
D'siMMilainea, Maiiun, Leroy, & Bun. —
France, 1186
Deapreaux, A. A. — Frannr, 164
Dearutiere, A. -France, bl7
Deaiaucr. — Austria, 371
DesMuer, A.— SSollverein (2), 68
Deslrai, L.— Swltterland, 71
Dctaiw.— France, 1710
Delliltr, A.— Belgium, 19
Detige, $i!t Lemaieur, C, Detigr, k Co.
Uetir tt Cu. (Piano Workmen tiuciet/).
— France, 475
t>elmold, C. E.— United States, (if
Delouolie Al Houtlin. — France, I0j9
l)*u, U.— Spain, 2^3
Dculsclimann, J. — Austria, 14Id
Deuty, P.— France, 160
Devarunne k Sun.— Zollverein (I), 2^0
Deviis, Minrliener, & Hoii(leilgi>. - -
XIV. 34; xviii. 0
Devaux & Co -France, 340
Devers, J. — I ..nee, 818
Devey, O. — vii. 04
Deville, leo Grolleau Ic Deville
Derille-Thlry H.— Bel,; urn, 4- •<
l)«viulaiiie, Urutliers, — France. Il87
Davis, K.— Belgii.m, 401
Devisme. — France, 166
Devisw, N.— Zollv. (1), 8.17
Devitt& Moore.— New Hontli Wales, I)
Devon Ureal C'onsoliilated Cop|H:<
Mining Co. (Tavistock, -I 453;
V. 418
Devon North Pottery fimpu'i .— l.
127
Devonshire, Duke of,— i. 14. 496. Ml;
(Main Avenue East); Austria, 746
Devrange, B.jun. — France, llbb. .
Devy. Eliia.— XX. 44
Dewar, Son, & Sons.— xlv. 34 j XIXi
100
Dewar, T.— 111. 119
Dewdney, J. — xvii, 143
Deweweirne, J, J. — Belgium, 293
Dewrance. — v. 706
Dewsnap, J.— xxviii. 109
Deydier, Mdme, — France, 819
Deyeux. — France, 476
Deyl, Van der, Leendert & ion, —
Netherlands, 10
neiaux-T.iicour. — France, 167
Diiimoiiu ,; .' i. 457
Dianet, -.. f . -Belgium, 31
Dick, A XVI. 311
Dick, D.— United States, 79
Dick, D. & Co.— II. 7d
DiH, & Kirschten.- iJoIlverein (6), 17
Di..lt and Sons. — xil. Se xv. 295
' 'ickenson and Falkuu, xxii. 422
Dickenson, J.— xxx. (Fine Art Court)
181
Dicker, J.— v. 674
Dickert.T.— Zollverein (1), 432
Dickes, W.— xxx. (Fine Art Court)
68
Dickins, T.— vi. 62
Dickinson, C. M. — Canada, 103
Dickinson, J. — i, 414.
Dickinson, T. F.— i. 407
Dickore, A.— Zollverein (fi), 18
Dicks, W.— XX. 184
Dicksee, J. R. — xxx. (Fine Art Court)
271
Dickson, soo Malo, Dickson, & Co.
Dickson, Mr. HheriH' A. -CaiMda, 3
l)icks<m, O. & Ci. - II. 7!>.
DicksuiM Mid Laiiigs. - XII. ft XV.
234
Di'ta, A. -France, 1189
Didirr, F.- France, 820
Didot, Brotliers.' France, 212.
Dieikmann, W.& C- Zollverein (I),
612
Diederichs, Biolhersr-- Netherlands, 0
Dieiiera, J. H.-Zollverein (1), 412
Diercki, F.~Belgiiim, 391
DierKardi, F.-Zollverein (1), OfS
Dierig, C— Zollverein (1), 92
Dierters, .1,, heirs ur.--Austrin, I70a.
1U6a. 244
Dies.— Borne, 34, 3^, 00
Diesel It Co.-Zollverein (I), 824. 882
Dietens, J. B.— Belgium, 28N
Dieterich, C. F.— Zollverein (4), 06
Dietikrr, J.— Switierland, 21 1
Dietrich, Baron— Austria, 439
Dietrich, F.— Zollverein (I), 207
Dietrich, F. A.— XX. 06.
Dietrich «( Son.— Zollverein (1), 807
Dietrich & Straff'.— Zollverein (3), 103
Dietsch k Co.— France, 146
Dielil, Mr— Austria, 010
Dieudoniie& Blmlel.- Zollv. (4), 20
Diet, Marble Manafaotory at.— ZolU
vetein (8), 0
Diet. K.- Austria. :<.1, 122a
, ■ >i de Ri'^ere, A.— S|)i.iii, 172
' ■igeoii, — France, 101)0
'; .;ges, Miss l.a louche.— xix. 234
')igges. Rev. T. I« Toiiche.- ix. 263
Dighton, irr Latham & Dighlon
Dighton, " XXVI. 276 ; xxx. (Fine
Art Con, ), 142.235a
Dighton, T. D.— xxx. 160.— Page 848
Dill k Mulcahey— United States, 273
Dillenseger & Patry.- ; i4 ■<.'•; 168
Dillon, J.— V. 0(i0
Dillon, L.— XII. & XV. 208
Dillon, Viscount— iv. 138
Diltsoh, J — Austria, 481
Dimech, F.— Malta, 28
Dimech, Mrs. — Malta, 21
Dimmocr,T. — XXV. 12
Dimoline.-xxvi. 187
Dimoliue, A.— x. 489
Dinant& H.iette.— France, 1190
Dingley, S., ice Dingley, W. & 8.
Diiigley, W. & S.— xx. 113
Dinglinger, A. F.— Zollverein (1), 17A
Dinham, Annie. — xxvi. 92
Dinkier, C— Austria, 735
Dinneibrd k Co. — ll. 01
Dinsdale, C— x. 718
Uiriil, F.— Austria, 348
Dionisy, J. M. — Netherlands, 106
Dirk, «ee Voorst, Van, Dirk, & Sun
Dirks, H. J.— Netherkntls, 29
Dirksen, G. — Denmark, 40
Dissmar k Harloff. — Humliurgh, 25
Disturnell, J. — United States, 210
Ditchburn, T. J.— vui. 30
Ditl, Madame.— XIX. 102
Dittniar, Brothers. — Zollverein (4), 07
Dix, aee Randall and Dix
Dix, E. R.— United States, 139
Dixcee, T.— xxvl 16
Dixey.C. W.— x.271
Dixon, F. — Canada, 94
Dixon, G.— XXIX. 91
Dixon, J. — XXVI. 190; Von Diemen's
Land, 19,20
Dixon, J. k Sons.— XXII. 797; xxni.
38
Dixoii & Lungstaff. — xiv. 75 '
CXXXVl
INDEX OF EXHIBITORS AND OTHERS
Dixon, P. & Sum.— XI. 19
Di»on, R. & T.— XII. & xv. 187
Diion, Sun, & Co.— II. IM
Dixon, T.— Canada, 138. 170, w« also
Dixon, K. & 'r.
t>ixoii & Whiting.— XVI. 290
Djiiljivailie, Prince Nikn. — RiiMia, 95
Djanon, C. — Sweden, 70
Dobbelaere, H.— B<-lgiuin, 2U8
Dobbie, W.— X. 166
DohU, O.— X. 346
Dubbt, Kiild, & Co.— xvii. 79
Dobree, D. — Jersey & Guernsey, 35
Dobree, Harriett. — Jersey & Guernsey,
30
Dobrowolski, B. W.— x. 524
Dobson, J.— vii. 114; x. 3'i3
Doeagnr, S.— France, 1718
Docquir, P. J. & J. Parys— Belgium,
68
Docte, H. Le — Belgiuui, 161
Dudd, E.— X. AGS
Dodd, J.— X. 543
Dodd, P. G.— xxin. 122
Dodd, R. S.— Canada, 87
Dodds & Son.— V. 64
Dodge, Catherine, — iv. 32
Dodge, N. S.— United Sutes, 566
Dodge, W.— XVI. 16a
Dodshaux, Brothers. — Zullverein (7), 1
Dfldson, J. — XVI. 182a
Doe, E.— XXX. (Pine Art Court), ii
Doe, Hazietou & Co. — United State*,
418
Doe, W.— XVI. 146
Doebel, H. J.— Zollverein (I), 947
Doerffel, C. G. & Son*.— Zollvereni (3),
69
Doerffel, T.— Zollverein (1), Ii4
Doertier, F.— Zollverein (4), 21
Doerr & Reinhardt.— Zillvereiu (6), 33
Dokhlouroir.— Rnsiia, 36
Dolan, D. — xxvii. 45
Dolbeau, see Lapere & Dolheau
Dolguroucky, Prince. — Russia, 35G
Dolleschal, J. — Austria, 5 1
Dollfus, Mieg, & Co.— Fraucp, 1 I9i
Dnllond, G.— x. 145.
Domhrowilch, C. — Russia, 355
Ddinenget. — Sardinia, 96
Domeny, L. J. — France, 476
Doniinick, G.— United States, 21
Dommer, T.— Belgium. JS.J
Don, Brothers, & Co.— xiv. 63
Don, W, & J., & Co.— XIV. 63
Donalds.- xxill. 103
Donalds, C, see Donalds, W. J. & C.
Donalds, W. J. & C— xxx. (Fine Art
Court), 41
Donat, A.— France, 1192
Donat & Co.— France, 1 193
Donbavand, W.— v. 782
Doncaster, U.— xxii. 184
Donegan, J.— <x. 32
Donisthiiriie, O. K.— vi. 40
Donkin, B. & Co.— v. 42; vi. 130;
VII. 46
Donlan, M. J. J.— iv. 43
Donne, G.— xxiv. 4
Danne, G. J. — xxvi. 198
Dunns & Sons. — xxill. 1 :i7
Donneaud & Co. — France, 478
Djnohue, J. — Western end, Suutii En-
closure (Outside), 2
Doniel and Maussier. — France, 1 1 95
Doodinsky. — Russia, 77
Dpopler, A. — Austria, 5 1 1
Dopter, J. V. M.— France, 1194.
Dorer, M.— Zollverein (I), .143
Dorey, D.— Jersey & Guernsey, 3 7
Dorey, J.— France, 479.
Dorey, J. F.— France, 823
Dorfleutbuer, L. — Austria, 253
Dorr, W.— VII. 57
Dorrien, C.— iv. 81
Dorvell, Elixalieth. — xxix. 77
Dosin, B. J.— Belgium, 429
Dussetor, tee Peart & Dossetor
Dotres, Gaspiir, & Co. — Spain, 215
Doubleday, H. — iii, 2
Doublet & Htichet.— France, 821
Doucet ft Duclerc, A. — France, 147
Doucet & Petit,— France, 149
Doudney, E.— xx. 113
Douglas, J. S. & Son. — Hamburgh, 92
Douglaa, R,— xvi. 237
Douglas River Coal Co, — Van Dieuieu's
Land, 13
Doulton & f'o, — Western enil, North
Enclosure (Outside), 64; xxvil. 21
Doulton & Walts. — North Transept,
4'>A ; xxvu. 95
Doumerc, E.— France, 822
Dourassotf. — Russia,! 97
Doutrewe, F. J. — Belgium, 149
Dove, C. W. & Co,— XIX. 1.55
Dove, D. — Western end, Soulh Enclo-
sure (UutsiUe), 23
Dover, J.— X. 341
Duveston, G. — xxvi. 122
Dow, A. — xxviii. -^9
Dowbiggin & Co. — xix. 156; xxvi.
404
Dower, J. — XVII. 37
Dowie, J. — XVI. 180; (Main Avenue
West)
Dowling,H. — Van Dieinen's Land, 331-
333
Down, J. — XXIX. 56
Down, S. — XXIX. 267
Downing, Dr. C. T.— x. 634
Downing, O. & J. H.— xlx. 157
Downing, J, H., see Downing, G. &c.
Dowjiman, H. H. — i. 301
Downs, Andrew. — Nova Scotia
Downs, H. — Viii. 13-1
Downs, W. — XXII. fi75
Downton, J.— v. 474 ; xxil, 330
Dowse, — XVII, 41
Dowse, Henrietta, — xxx. (Fine Art
Court), 230a
Dowson, see Youn);, D>>wson, & Co.
Dowson, J. E. — XXII. 476
Doxat & Co.— IV. 35
Doyon, see Jnuviii & Doynn
Draaisma, D. — Nelherlandu, 68
Drabble & Co.— v. 812
Drake, see Bedford, BonM)ii, Si Co.
Drake, P. — Jersey and Guernsey, 45
Drake, Professor F. — Zollverein (I),
273 ; (Main Avenue East)
Drake, R.— xvi. 306
Draper.— V. 997
Drajier, W".— xxvi. 320
Dray, see Deaiie, Dray, and Deane
Dre)fger, F. — Russia, 362
Dreher, A. — Austria, 668
Dresden Rnyal Saxon Military Plan
Otfice,- Zollverein (3), 184
Dresler, F,— Zollverein (5). 24
Dreiler, J, H,, sen. — Zollverein (I),
449
Dreusike, W.— Zollverein (1), 245
Drew, D. — XXVI. 116
Drew, J.— I. 449
Drew, T.— xxx. 332
Dr«wson und Sons. — Denmark, 4
Drevse & Collenbuscb. — Zollverein (1),
638
Drides, Tribe of the,— Algeria, 65
Drion, E.— Belgium, 353
Driver, C, H.— xxx. (Fine Art Coutt),
269
Driver, J.— x, 102.
Driver, W,— i. 203
Droitwich Patent Salt Works.— ll. 1 10
Droni, CrUger, & Co. — Zullverein (I),
357
Drouin & Brossier. — France, 169
Druery, J.— vill. 322
Druggists' Company, — il. 117
Druitt, R.— X. 612.
Drummond, sea M'Cartney & Drum-
mond,
Drummond, J. — xil. & Xv. 190;
Canada, 32
Drummond, P. R. — ix. 88
Drummond & Soiis. — ix. 49
Drury, F.— v. 758
Drury, J.— x. 56
Drury, J, F,— x. 306
Duliai-Deles|>ttul. — France, 148
Dul>erger, (t. — Canada, 21
Dubler & Sons.— Switzerland, 227
Dublin, Royal Society of.— i. 207. 308.
515; v:i' 141 ; xxvii. 71
Dubois, see Jnubunne & Dubois
Dubois, A. — Switzerland, 43
Dubois, A. & Co.— Belgium, 3G0
Dubois, C, see Dubois, G. & (^o,
Dubois, F. W.— Switxerlaiid, 9
Dubois, G.— Belnium, 469.
Dubois, G. & Co.— Belgium, 196
Dubois and Son.— France, 170
Duboscq-Soleil. — France, 1197
Dubreuille, Dervaux, Lefebvre, Sc De
Fifle— France, 480
Dubsky, Count. — Austria, 436
Dubus, — France, 4iil
Du Cane, A. — xxvi. 535
li'.cci, A. — ^Tuscany, 82
Ducci, A. & M. — 'luscany, 58
Ducci, M., see Ducci A. & M,
Ducel, S, J.- France, 824
Duchastel, Comte. Helgium, 443
Duclie, sen. & Co. — France, 1392.
Duchene, sen. — France, 1198,
Duchene, J. J. — Belgium, 166.
Duchenne, Dr. — France, 171.
Duchesne. — France, 1 72
Ducie, Earl. — xvi. 267.
Duclerc, A., see Doucet & Duclerc
Dnclofi, J. — France, 1712
Ducluieau, A, — Main Avenue Kust, 96
Ducommmi, — France, 482
Du Commun Girod, F, W. — Trance, 77
Ducourtioux, C. U — France, 1199
Ducroquet, P. A. — France, 173 (Main
Avenue Bast)
Dudgeon & Co.— New South Wales, 1 1
Dudgeon, Patrick. — China
Dudman, J. — xvii. 137
Dudson, J, — XXV. 56
Duelin, M. — xxx. (Fine Art Court). 58
Duerrenberg, Uoyal Sallery at,— ZjIIv,
(1),856
Dueslierg, see Pirenne & Dnesberg
Dul'aux, L. — Switzerland, 249.
Dufuiix, O. — Switzerland, 249
Dufaville, W.— IV. 125
DulTerin's, Lord, School, Belfast, —
XIV, 3
Duffield, C— United States, 363
Duffield, J, E, & Co,— V, 844
Dufosse,— France, 1201,
Dufosse, sen. — France, 1200
Dufour, — Belgium, 159; «ee also Snr«
rac, IJ. & Dufour
Dufour, juii. — France, 174
Dufour & Co.— IX. 124a
WHOSE NAMES APPEAE IN THE CATALOGUE.
cxxxvii
Work*.— II, 116
— ZoUvereiii (I),
louth Wales, 1 1
iua
Art Court). 58
lery at.— ZjIIv.
>ul, Uelfost. —
Dtifour, J. B.— France, 4S5
Diifour, L.— France, 483 ; Sardiuia, 13
Dufreiz, Albert.— France, 193
Dugard, H. «e« Dugard, W. & H.
])iigard, W. & H.— XXII. 350
Diii{gin, 1'. B. — Britisli Guiana, 3, 4,
7, 20, 36, 49, S I, 56, 57, 6 1, riO, 81,
90b, 9U-1U2A, 119. 141, 146-148A.
Duliajuu-Bruhfaut & Co. — Belgium,
314
Duhme, H.— United Statef, l.'i
])ujardm. — Belgium, 246-250
Dujardin, C. — Belgium, 217
Duiardin,L. — Belgium,317:Francr,825
Duke & Sun — xxix. 191
Dulcius, C— Zollverein (6), 72
Duley, J.— XXII. 89
Dullgen Brothers.— Zollverein (1), 641
Dulud.—I- ranee, UOi
Dumaine, J. A.— France, 490
Dumaine, X. — France, 175
Diimaret, lee Daubert & Dumaret
Dumas, A.— France, 486
Dumbleton, see Daw bee & Dumbletun
Dumbleton, H. — South Africa, 47
Dumerey. — France, 487
Dumeril, Sons, & Co. — France, 176
Diimmich. V. — Zollverein (6), 79
Dumont, F. L. H.— France, 4b8
Dumont, J. S. — United .Stateii, 287
Dumont-Pettrelle.— France, 8.'6
Dumontat, see Bertrand, Guytet, &c.
Dumortier & Co. — France, 1593
Duroortier, L. — France, 177
?)umoulin, S.— France, 178
Dumrath, H. — Sweden, 60
Duntur, D. — New South Wales, 6
Dunbar, D. & Sons. — viu. 315
Dunbar, W.— xxix. 234
Duncan, see Sinclair, Duncan & Son
Duncan, D. & Co.— xiv. 80
Duncan, Flock hart, & Co.— u. 104
Duncan, J. — Canada, 351
Duncan, W. L.— ll. 76
Duncum, see Foster, Son, & Duncum
Dundee Local Committee. — xiv. b3
Dunliill, T.— VII. 90
Dunin, Mx. K. de.— x. 210
Duulevie, Mrs. — Jersey & Guernsey, 3
Dunlop, J. — xxviii. !56
Dunlop and Series. — Mexico
Duulop, \\. A.— United States, 483
Dunn, — V. 624; Van Dienirn's Land,
190; see also Holland & Dunu
Duim,J. — V. 998
Dunn, M.— VII. 204
Dunn, T,— V. 618 ; x, 689a
Dunn, W,— Canada, 119
Dunniclil)', see Bull, Dunnicliife St Co.
Durit, see Hancock, Kixon, & Dunt
Dunton, J. H.— United States, 195
Dui«s, K.— France, 1204
Dupaiqnier, J. P. — France, 12U5
Dupes & Co.— France, 1594
Diipierry, C. jun. — Belgium, 494
Duponceau, see Forton, DuiMinceau, 8t
Co.
Dupont, A.— France, 180
Dupout, Evena. — Mauritius, 2
Dupont, P. — France, 181
Dupiirt, V, — France, 182
Duppu, — XXVII. 51
Duprat & Co. — France, 492
Du])re, Prof. A. — Tuscany, 105
Dupre, A. G. — France, 493
Dupre, J. F.— France, 183
Dupre de St. Maur. — ,\lgeria, 23
Dupre, W. H. — Jersey and Guernsey, 9
Dnpuis, J. — France, 184
Dui^uesne, see S«rret,Hamoir,& Co.
Dursnd. — France, 186; see alio Eck
& Durand
Durand & Bal.— France, 829
Durand, Boncourt, & Pitard. — France,
1206
Durand, R, P.— France, 1J07
Durand, F.— France, 1595
Durand, G.— France, 12U8
Durand, J.— France, 1596
Durango y Trigo, J. — S|ain, 46. 127
Durant, H. juu.— iv. 31
Diirant, Susan.— XXX. (,Sclpt. Ct.) 5.78
Duranton, J. B. — France, 494
Diirliam, Earl of.— v. 99')
Durham, J. li.— xxi. 46; xxili. 58;
XXX (Sculpture Court), 75, 76
Durham, 1. 1).— x. 668.
Durham, T. D. -xxil. 614
Durio, Brothers. — Sardinia, 46
Durley & Co.— xxvi. 169
Dusauchoit, K.— Belgium, 272.
Duseigneur, see Bianchi, J., & Duseig-
neur
Diissaert, J. — Belgium, 407
Dussol — France, 150
Dutertrfi, A.— Switzerland, 219
Duthoii, J.— XIII. 12.
Dutlioit & Co.— VIII. 301
Dutron, jun. — France, 1209
Dutton & Co.— XXIX. 287
Duiton, B. W.— HL 6
Dutton, S.— VIII. 326.
Duura, Van, & Versleeven. — Nether-
lands, 5
Duval. — France, 474
Duval, A.— France, 189
Duval, M.— France, 1210
Duval, P. S — United States, 52
Duval & Paris, — France, 151
Duvellerov, P. — France, 495
Duyn, Hipp & Co.— Zollverein (1), 510
Dyedier, C. P.— Frauce, 1580
Dyer, C.K.— I. 131b
Dyer, H.-x. 379
Dyer, W.-I. 10
Dyer, W, B.-i. 62
Dyne, W.— vill. 60
Eades & Son.— VI. 224
Eady, H. J.— xxiii, 109.
Kagland, T.— X. 5(i7
Eakins, S.— United States, 25S
Elames, see Burton & Eanies
Eiirl, Smitii, & Co.— XXII. 207
Karle, J. H.— XXX. 49
Earle, T.— Page 848 ; XXX. (Sculpture
Couit), 16, 21. 82
Earle, T. K. & Co.— United States, 456
lOarly, E.— xil. & xv. 269
Early, J. & to,- xil. & xv,268
Earnshaw. — x. 11
Eurnshaw & (i reaves. — xxv. 24
Earnshaw, H, — xvi. 107
Eariisliaw, R.J. — xxix, 261
Earp, E. — xxvi. 13
Eassou, A. — XIV. 63
East India Company. — Cliinti ; India
East, Landon & Holland. — xil, & xv, 2
East & Son,— XVI. 34
EasterlingjJ, — xxix, 282
Eastern Archipelago Co. — Labuan, &c.
Eastman R, — United Stntes, 3
Eastman, W. P,— United States, 338
Eioton & Amos,— V. 408
Eastwoofl & Frost,— V, 672
Eastwood, G,— XXI. 49
Eaton, C. L.— United Stuteii, 28
Eaton, E. — xxiii. 52
Eatun, J. IX. 22
Ebart, Brothers.— Zollverein (1), 145
Ebbt, B.— IX. 56 &
Ebhw Vale Co. Abergavenny. — i. 412 ;
V. 67. 638
Eberhardt, see HofTman & Kberhardt
Eberstaller & Schindier.— Austria, 427
Eccleshall,T.-V. 132
Ecliinger, Bn>thers. — Austria, 304
Eck & Duraud.— France, 1211
Eckardstein, Baron A, — Zollverein (1),
32
Eckert, J. C. H.— Hamburgh, 84
Eckhardt, F, M,— Zollverein (4), 38
Ecklin, see Goetx& Ecklin
Economical Society (Amicus del Pais),
Bisayas Islands.— S|iain, 234
Ecroyd, W. & Son.— Xll. & XV, 130a
Edberg, C. K.~Swedeu, 61
Eddy, Capt.— I. 496
Eddy & Co.— United States, 509. 523
Kddv, J.— I. 463
Ede&Ci..— XXIX. 18
Ede, F. & Son.— Persia, 4
Edelsten & Williams.— xxil. 336
Eder, S. T.— Netlierlands, 8S
Edey, see Arthur & Kdey
Kdgar, see Swan & Edgar
Edge, see Cork & Edge
Eilge, J. — XXII. 51
Edge, T.— X. 71)2; xxii. 441
Edgington, B. — viii. 3U2
Edgington. T. F. — xiv. 90
Edinburgh School for the Blind — xvil
170
Edkiiis & Sim.— X. 207
Edler Von Wursli, W.— Austria, 52
Edmond, J,— vill, 136
Edmonds, see Hemnant, Rdmniids, &c.
Edmonds & Edmonds. — ^xii. & xv, 213
Edser, see Hidley & Edser
Edwards, 1), C— xxii. 241
Edwards, E,— xxil. 345
Edwards, F.— xxu. 387
Edwards, H.— iii. 134
Edwards, J.— x. 104; xiv. 73; xxx.
(Fine Art Court), 67
Edwards, H. J.— x. 516
Edivards, J. & Sons. — xxv. 37
Edwards, J. B.— x. 43»
E<lwards, J. T — x. 103
Edwards, R. — xxiii. 78
Edwards, S — xxvi. 247
Edwards, T. — v. 1 2 ; xxill. 94
Edwards, T. J.— xxix, 89
Eerkhoudt, Van, see Heusschen, Van
Eeckhoudt & Co,
Eeckhout, Van, & Co.— France, 713
Egan, J,— Canada, 74
Egells. F. A.— Zollverein (1), 200
Egg, D.— VIU.— 345
Egg, H.— VIII. 232
Egger, Count Ferdinand Von. — Austria,
409,410. 425
Egger, Count G. Von.^Austria, 31,
401, 402
Egger, J, B. — Austria, 43j
Eggerih, J.— Austria. Mil
EgloHaieln, Count.— Zollverein (1),897
Kgyptian Government. — Egypt, 1-3'Jl
Eliinger, A. — Austria, 181
Elir, N.— Zollverein (5), 25
Elirenberjf, J, F. — Sweden, 66
Ehrenberg & Richter. — Zollverein (1),
700
Ehrensperger & Co. — Zollverein (3),
Ehrenzeller, F. — Switzerland, 191
Eichelbetg, H. D. & Co. — Zollverein
(1), 660
Eiciiler, G.— Zollverein (1), 272
exxXvm
INDEX Of EXHIBITORS AND OTHERS
!
KicbiMT, O. L.— Zollvereiii (-J), 8U
Sicliwede, tee Berniitorflr& Eicliwede
Kiokbolt, A.—Zollverein (1), 349
Eiflerft Co.— ZuUverein v. I), 891
Eimen. — Turkey
Xiuenkel, J. C. C— Zollverein (3), 165
Kiiihaiiier, J.— Aiutria* 344
Eiiisiedel, Count O. — Zollverein (1),
762
KlntieUelschef. — Main Avenue, Ea«t
Einile, E.— X. 127
Kipenichleid, L.— Zollverein (I), 330
Eiienbrandt, C. H.— United Siuiei, 481
Eiaenmenger, (i. — Zollverein (2), 24
Eiwnring, see Fehr 8i Eiaenrin^;
Eiienituck & Co.— Zollverein (3), 151
Ejoff; J.— Kustia, 8U
Ekaterinburg Imperial Polishing Ma-
nufactory.— KuMia, 3:26
EkateriiKMlalf, Peiifaut«of.— RuHia,230
Ekina, G.— xxvii, 13
Ekman* G.— Sweden, 83
Elberi, J. H.— Zollverein (1), 348
Elder, D.— V. 162
KIdon, Earl of.— Page 848
Eldrid, see Atkinson and EKIrid
Electric Telegrapb, — x. page 941.
Elemenborst, Brothers. — ZuUverein (\\
708
Elex, A.— France, 1215
Eley. C, see Eley, W. & C.
Eley, W. & C.~vin. Ho
Klfdalils Porphyry Works.— Sweden, 47
Elfroth, n. H.— Switierlund, 78
Eliaert, C— Belgium, 234
Elias, A.— United Slates, 513
Elias, M.— S|)ain, 39
Kltusiun. — Sweden, 93
Elinhauaer, J. — Austria, 344
Elisha, C— X. 39
Elkington ft Co.— Page S48
Elkington, H. — xxin. 1
Elkington, Mason, & Co, — xxill. I.
Ell, G.— VII. 94
Ellam, Jones, & Co. — ii. 98
Ellin, T. & Cn.--xxii. 120
Elliott.— vil. 13
Elliott, G.— IX. 144*
Elliott & Heys.— VI. 50
Elliott, J.— IX. 41 ; XXII. 151
Elliott & Sons.— X. 32U. 322 ; xxii. 302
Elliott, T.— V. 702
Elliott, W.— XX. 172
Ellis, F. A.— viii. 129
Ellis, F. St .1.— XX. 209
Ellis, G.— XVI. 305
Ellis, H.— XVII. 111.
Ellis, J.— 'X. C31a; xxil. 196; see also
Ellis, F. &J.
Ellis, J. W. & Co.— xii. & XV. 70
Ellis, Miss. — Jersey and (iuenisey, 44
Ellis, R.— I. 13 { see also Halinel St
Ellis.
Ellis & Son, XXIII. 12
Ellis, Sophie A.— XIX. 159
Ellis, W.— XXII. 80
Ells.— IX. 29
Elmendorf, E. F.— Zollverein (1), 470
Eloffe.— France, 1597.
Eloin, F.— Belgium, 1 1
Eloure, W. W.— XXVI. 188
Elsholtz, F,— Zollverein (I), 230
Eisner, Von Gronow, & Co. — !£ullverein,
(1),4
Elwell,se(»Varrall, Middleton,& Rlwell
Elwell, H — Barlmdoes, 2
Emanuel, M. — xxiii. 119
Emanueli, G. — Austria, 709
Emerson, F.— Unileil Srates, 433
Kniery, F.— xxv. 57
Kmery, J.— I. 532; xxxvii. 141
Emmerich, J. B. ft Goerger, M. jun, —
France, 1212
Emory & Co.— United States, 148
Emory, T.— United States, 18
Ems, G.— Zollverein (I), 983
Rmshall, G.— xiv. 40.
Ena, see Margarit ft Eiia
Eiicke, F. — Zollverein (1), 736
Enderby, S.— vili. 1 62
Enderson, H. J. — iv. 16
Enfer.- France, 830
Enfert, D', Brothers.— France, 496
Engel, see lioshcher ft Engel
Engel, K., jun.— Zollverein (I), 125
Engel, F.— Zollverein, (I), 274
Engel, J. — Page 848; xxx. (Fine Art
Court), 74
Engel, H.— Zollverein (1), 885
Engel, P. H.— Zollverein (1), 389
Engeler ft Son.— Zollverein (1), 242
Engelhard ft Karth.— Zollverein (1),
417
Engelhard, F.-Humburgh, 93
Engelhard, W.-^Hamhurgh, 96
Engehnann & Graf. — France, 192
Kngelmann, S. — Austria, 22
Engelmann & Son. — Zollverein (1), 971
Engels, H. W. M Hamburgh, 65
England, G.— v. 484. 509
England, O. W.— xxvi. 528
Knglinh. — xxil. 343
English, E. F. — xxvi, 57
English. J. — XXII. 572
English's Patent Camphine Co. — iv. 01;
VII. 133
Ennever ft Stee<lman. — x. 479
Enniskillen, Earl of.- 1. 116; Ix. 232
Enrico, C. — Austria, 147
Enriquez, J. — Spain, 73, 106
Enriquez, J. N. — Spain, 176
Knriquez. Maria. — Malta, 9
Enschede ft Sons.— Netherlands, 79, 109
Ensor, T.— xx. 185
Knstoller, G.— Austria, 669
Enthoven, C. L. — Netherlunds. 76
Enthoven, Van, A. J. — Netherlands, 49
Knthoven ft Son. — Netherlands, 1
Enzinger, «ee Grulier it Enzlnger
Eoke, Royal Mines at. — Zollverein
(I). 326
Epps W. J.— IX. 101
Erard, P.— France, 497
EraM, P. O.— x. 496
Erhraii. J. — Switzerlnnd, 4
Erbschloe & S.>D4.— Zollverein (I), 614
Erhsliih, see VVolir& Kriisluh
Eriihoff, A Hu«sia, 339
Krdelen, C— Zollverein (1), 471
Erhardt & Sons.— Zollverein (4), 63
Erich, C. A.— Zollverein (2), 19
ErricsNon, A. ft Co. — Sweilen, 1 00
Ericsson, J. — Uiiite<l States, 1 16
Erivan, Agricultural Society of tiie Cau-
cacns. — Russia, f>9i
Ernn, see Vetter ft Erno
Eriioux, C. H<— France, 498
Ernst, see Hetzer, Krnst & Son ; Press-
pitch, Ernst, & Son
Ernst, F. — Switzerland, 149
Ernst, P. — Austria, 497
Erret, *ee Petzold & Krret
Ersholt.— Kussia, 60
Erskine, D.— v. 100; viti. 45^
Erskine, J.— i. .')32 ; vm, 257'
Krtel, Tiaugolt & Sons.— Zi.llv. (2), 29
Escher, .S.— Switzerland, 153
Esclierich, T.— Zollverein (2), 48
Ksi;hweilcr,D., Sooield ilea Mines et Fon-
(lerivj.— iiiillvFrein (I), 318
Eacudero, C. — Spain, 183
Escudero and Aliara. — Spain, 193
Esdtile, J.— XXIX. 278
Eadailes ft Margrave. — VUI. 126
XXVlll. 125
Esprit ft Noye.— France, 499
Esquilant, E.— xxx. (Fnie Art Court),
103
Esschen, N. G. Van. — Belgium, 137
Essex, J.— XVI. a.'6
Essex, W. — XXX. (Fine Art Court)
241
Estcourt, S.— II. 64
Estique ft Delaraare. — France, 1213
Estivant, Brothers.- France, 1214
Estrange, F, L'— x. 597
Etex. — France, 1219 (Main Avenue
East)
Etherington, H. — xxx. (Fine Art Court)
234
Elienne, Madame D. St.— III. 138
Etrick, A.— VIII. 327
Eubcea, Bishop of. — Greece, 14
Eugster, Brothers. — Switzerland, 190
Kustace, J., see Eustace, R. & J.
Eustace, K. ft J.— xix. 160
Euslate, Friar.— France, 193
Eustun ft Milligan. — Van Diemen's
Lund, 109, 106
Evans, see Bradbury ft Evans; Gads-
den & Evans ; Hill, Evans & Co. ;
Sewell, Evans & Co. ; Voigtiaiuler,
Evans & Co.
Evans ft Co.— x. 643a; xi. 33
Kvans, D., & Co.— xviii. I
Evans, Dr.— United Stales, 558
Evans, E.— xvii. 113
Evans, F.— XXVI. 224
Evans, F. J. — ll. 5
Evans, G.— i. 227
Evans, H.— United States, 474
y ,ans, J.— XXX. (Fine Art Court), 202
Evans. J. S.- xvlr. 8
Evans, O. B.— United States, 1 05
Evan», K. & Co. -xix. 74
Evans, S.— x. 670a ; xili. 60
Evans, S. A. — xix. 161
Kvans & Son.— v. 37 ; xvi. 18
Evans, Son, & Co.— xxil. 103
Evans, T. & Co.— xXix. 148
Evans, W.— IV. 9a ; x. 274a
Evans, W. F.— x. 106
Evard, E. P.— .!lwitzerland, 29
Eveleigh & Son.— xx. 104
Evenden, Eliza Anne.— xix. 162
Everaerl, Misses, — Belgium, 321
Everest, J.- xxvi. 27
Everett, A.— United State-, 427
Everett ft Co.— xvi. 39
Everitt ft Son.— xxil. 352
Every, S. F.— vii. 120
Ktrird, J,— x. 647
Evrot, C. N.— France, 190
Ewalil, L.— 2!iillverein (li), 6
Ewart, — X. 324
Ewart, G.— X. 729
Ewart, Henrietta.— XXIX. ?5
Ewen, J.— IV. 30
Kwens, .1. H. & Co.— XIV. 73
Ewing, J. H.— United States, 188
Ewiiig, Orr, & Co.— xviii. 57
Exall, see Barrett, Exall, & Andrews
Exall, VV.— VIII. 3
EydarolT, M.— Russia, 75
Eykyii & Millichop.— xxil. 309
Eyles, see MarRett.". T. K,, & Eyles
Eyies, H,— XXVI. .'jO; xxvii. 91
Eymien ft Son.— France, 831
Eyndhoven, A, J. Van. — Netherlands, !9
Eyre, si't; Huwkswoifli, Eyre, & Co.
WHOSE NAMES APPEAR IN THE CATALOOlTE.
CXXXIX
te. — \ui. 126
ice, 499
(Fine Ar» Court),
-Belgium, 137
[Fine Art Court)
tJ'ine Art Court)
5t.— III. 138
E Kvana; Giiils-
, Kvana & Co. ;
1). ; V'oigtiuiiiler,
Eyre, Ward, & Co.— xxil. 20;l
Eyre», W. & Son.— xii. & XV. 27
Ezcaray, Maiiuracturing Cuin|)auy of
the Ouilds at.— Spain, 219
Fdber, A. W.— Zollver«iii (2), 81
Fuller, C— 'ZoUverein (4), 33
Fuber, W.— United State., 279
Faliian, C. G.— ZoUverein (I), 95
Faal>e, U. A. — Switzerland, 1 1
Fabrege, Noury, Son, Uaruouiu, & Co.
—France, 832
Facer. — xvi. 150
Far.ilides & Co.— ZoUverein (3), 99
Facy, K.— X. 195
Fadderjalin, B.— ZoUverein (I), 294
Faddy, Mrs. Col.— Western Africa, JO
Faddy, Col. P;— Western Africa, 10
Fadeuillie, V. B.— III. 140
Foessler, J. A.— Switzerland, 229
Faliie, J. K.— I. 30. 129
Faiera, J. — xxix. 20
Fairbaini & Co. — vi. 421
Fuirlmirn, K.— XVII. 9
Fairbaini, W. & Soni.- v. 26} 417,
522, 732 ; vi. 200, -^03
Fairer, J. — X. 36
Fairlesa, F.— ix. I3.i
Fairly, E.— viii. 339
Fairman, J.— VIII. 233
Faist, «ee Ueclitritz & Faist
Faist & Steinliaeuser. — Zollv. (4), 54
Faker, W.— United States, 280
Falcini, Brothers. — Tuscany, 84
Falent, M.— Austria, 458
Falisse % Rapmann.— Uelgium, 154
Falkenroth, see Leiirkina, Falkenroth,
&Co.
Falkingbridge, W.— viii. 133
Falkou, see Dickenson & Falkou
Faller,Trit8clieller, & Co.— Austria, 656
ZoUverein (1), 419
Falloise, J.— Belgium, 384
Fallon Pirn, J. B.— Belgium, 10
Falmoutli Local Committee. — i. 88
Falmouth & I'enryu Local (Committee.
— Western End, Soutli Enclofiure(Ont-
side), 30, 163 ; xiv. 57a ; xxix. 183
Fal8on,S.— Malta, 25
Famin, T. A.— France, 83.1
Fancourt, Catlierine. — xix. 378
Fano, TlieFilanda-Bracci Al.— Rome,7
Faraday, see Smee & Fara<Uy
Faraday & Sons. — xxil. 444
Farina, A.— Sardinia, 47
Farina, J. M.— xxix. 21 ; Austria^ 748;
ZoUverein, (I), 42(), 8:)8
Farjjn, H. — France, 1217
Farlow, C. — XXIX. 1 76
Farlow, J. K.— ix. 221 ; xxix. 181
Farmer, P.— xxx. (Sculpture Crt.) 31
Farmer, T.— xxx. (Sculpture Crt.) 73
Farnley Coal Co.— I. 406
Faroclicin, E. — France, 834
Farquharsun, J. — x. 655
Farrange, Miss. — xx. 176
Farrar & Son.— xxvin. 16
Farrar, W.— XXII. 627
Parrel, A. — France, 1220
Furrell, I.J. — vii. 140; xxx. (Sculp-
ture Court), 32
Farrell, H. H.— xxix. 120
Fttvrell, T. — xxx. (Sculpture Court) 18
Furreu, M. — xxx. (Fine Art Crt.) 12
Farriugtoii, A. C. — United Slates, 286
Farrobo, Count de. — Portugal, 4t)9, 470
Farrow, C— xxil. 560
Farrow, G. — viii. 136
Fartlimatni. — ZoUverein (I), 10
Kasbender, H. J.— Belgium, 260
Fallo, J. A. — Switzerland, 79
Fauconier, Mailame — Belgium, 380
Faudel and Phillips.— xix. 165
Faukhauser, Brothers. — Switzerlan4l, 163
Kaulding, J.— XXII. 502; xxviii. 91
Faulds, see Field, Coo))ers, & Faulds
Faulhaber & Leulie.— ZoUverein (4),43
Faulkner, C. see Faulkner, K. & C.
Faulkner, E. — x. 330
Faulkner, C.—xvi. 216
Faulkner, R. & C— lii. 34
Faulwasser, C. K. — Hamburgh, 71
Funntleroy, R. &Sons. — iv. 135 (Main
Avenue Wfst)
Kauquet-Leniiiitre. — France, 201
Pauquier-Lemuitre, F. — France, 502
Faure, see Larcher, Faure, & (,o.
Faure, .\I.— France, 1218, 1219
Faure, T.— v. 720.
Fanset, T. — British Guiana, 93, 94
Faussemagne, J. M. — France, 1599
Fauvelle-Ueleliaire. — France, 202
Fuvar, C— Russia, 195
Favre, A. E. — Switzerland, 10
Kavre, B. A, — Switzerland, 11
Favre, H. A. — Switzerland, 23
Fawceit, B.— ii. 29
Fawcetf, F.— viii. 62
Farvens, G. — viii. 137
Fay & Co.— United States, 203
Faye, T. De — Jersey & Guernsey, 1 4
Favel-Barnn. — France, 1221
Fayle&Co.— I. 100
FayoUe, L. T.— Fiance, 197
Fayrer & Robinson. — viii. 112
Fearncomlie, H.— xxii. 160a
Feast, see Batty & Feust
Featham, Miller, & Sayer.— xxil. 686
Feau'Uechard, V. A. — Fiance, l'J8
Feaux & Riedel.— ZoUverein (I), 364
Fechner, F.— ZoUverein (1), 266
Federer, Brothers.— ZoUverein (I), 381
Peer, F. & Co.— Switzerland, 132
Feetham & Co. — xxil. 276a (Main
Avenue West)
Fehr & Eisenriiig. — ZoUverein (2), 54
Fehr, J. C— Switzerland, 122
Feigenspan, A. — ZoUverein (1), 688
Feistel &Son. — ZoUverein (3), 171
Felch1in,C.— Switzerland, 80
Feldhaumer, P. — Austria, 453
Felde, R.— ZoUverein (1), 628
Fele, T. & Co.— xxv. -.^8
Felhoen-Coucke, Madame. — Belgium,
481
Felix, A.— France, 109
Felix &Co.— XX. SIa
Felix, J.— France, 51)3
Felkersham, Baron.— Russia, 82
Fell & Co.— I. 106; xxv. 28
Fell, R.— V. 438
Feller & Son.— ZoUverein (1), 107
FelliuB Ciiemical Woik8(Gate8head). —
II. 18.
Felsing, H. — ZoUverein (6), 73
Felten & Guilleaiime.— Zollv. (1), 380
Fetter & Kahii.— Russia, 262
Feltham, R. D. — Jersey & Guernsey, 8
Felthauss.- ZoUverein (I), 606
Feltrap|)e, Brothers. — France, 1000
Fendt. see Purdy & Fendt
Fenech, Antonia. — Malta, 19
Fenech, V.— Malta, 6
Fenii, J.— United States, 1 11
Feniiey, F.— xXII. 1 14
Fenton. — xxil. 422 ; see also Sadler,
Fenton, & Co.
Kenton, Airs. — Van Diemcn's Land, 330
Fenton, W.— xil. & xv. 69
Fentum, M.— xxviil. 48
Ferguson, Brothers. — xvii. 90
Ferguson, C. A. & T.— viii. 84. 184 )
xxii. 85
Ferguson, D.— v. 78— United States, 574
Ferguson, J. — ix. 214
Ferguson, Miller, & Co. — Western end,
North Enclosure (Outside), 66)
XXVII. 93
Ferguson & Sons.— x. 631
Ferguson, T. see Ferguson, C. A. & T.
Ferguson, W. — Canada, 164
Fergusson, J. — viii. 276
Ferie, W.— Austria, 284
Fermento, L. A. — Sardinia. 37
Fernandez, D. F. — Spain, 127b
Fernandez de Cordolia, D. M. M.— >
Spain, 69
Fernandez, M.- -Spain, 169
Fernandez, V. — Spain. 25
Fernandez Vitores, J. M. — Spain, 90
Ferncolii. — Austria, 430 (Main Avenue
East)
Fernkeriia. — Austria, 430
Fernley Iron Works. — xxvii. 102.
Feron. — France, 86
Feron, J. F.— France, 504
Ferouelle & Rollaiid.— France, 200
Ferrabee & Sons. — ix. 274
Ferrare, F. de. — Belgium, 15
Perraz & Sisters. — Madeira. 2.
Ferreira, A. J. — Portugal, 3:?-3r>
Perreira,G. B.— Portugal, 1114, 1115
Ferreira, M. B. jnn.— =-Porlugal, 510
Ferrer & Co — Sjjain, 206
Ferrier, Hon. J. — Canada, 5
Ferrigiiii, G. — Tuscany, 100
Ferv, A. — France, 505
Feslugiere, E. J. & Co.— France, 1721
Fetu, A. k J. Ueliege.- Belgium, 129
Fetu, J.— Fran<;e, IbOl
Feulgen, Brothers. — ZoUverein (1), r)07
Feutchwanger, Dr. L. — United States,
469
Feuvre,G.C.I>e. — Jersey ^Guernsey, 20
Feuvre, Mrs. F. Le. — Jersey & Guerii'
aej, 11
Feuvre, P. Le. — Jersey Ik Guernsey, 10
Fevre, l.e. — France, 1647
Feyeux. — France, 209
Flal, J.— Austria, 307
Fiala, W. — Austria, 25
Fialho, D. da Cnnha.— Pcrtugal, 1'22,
1123
Kicalho, Marquis do. — Porlu^Hl, 299.
301. 317, 335. 347. 356, 357. 375.
382, 400. 440. 481, 482. 535. 552.
596. 602, 603. 619,621
Ficker, C— ZoUverein (4), 10
Field, see Maudslny, Sons, & Field ;
Parker, Field, & Sons
Field, A.— United States, 455
Field, Coopers, ami Faulds.- 1. 263
Field, E.— XXI. 16
Field, G.— xxx. 360
Field, J. see Field, J. C. & J.
Field, J. C.& J.- IV. 130
Field & Son.— X. 250
Field & Sons.- xx. 10
Fielder, A. D. G.— ZoUverein (3), 128
Fielder, A. G. — Russia, 351
Fielder, W. E.— xxix. 86
Fieldhouse, G. &, Co.— vi. 443
Fieno, J. B. da. — Sardiiiin, 73
Fierz, R.— Switzerland, 153
Fieux, sen. Son, & Co. — Fiance, 210
Figdor, I. & Sons. — Austria, 90
Figgiiis, V. & J.— XVII. 124
Figueiredo. J. J. de. — Portugal, 21?'
249. 252, 257. 1121
cxl
INDEX OP EXHIBITORS AND OTUEllS
Fiipiel, Brothen.— ^SwiiMrlaiid, 266
Filemonoff. — RuMia, 103
Filletnore, O.— Canada, 4^'
Finch, H.— United Stutet, 300
Finch, J.— XXV. as
Finch & Willey.— VII. 0; ISO
Finckh, J. O.— Zollvereiii (•!), 31
Findlay, m« Kaye, Kindlay, & Co.
Fiudlry, C. V.— XXVI. Nti
Finiitrat, Baron de. — Siwin, 19d
Fiiilay, Juhii. — xxn. 140
Finlaytun, BuuaHeld, & Co.— xiv. 48
Finlayton, F. & Co.— xi. 8
Finnagan, J. — xvi. '29
Fino, J.— Siirdinla, 77
Fiiitch, M.— ZollvKreiii(l), 191. 211
Finiel, .rr Rutch & Fiiixel
Finii, S. K.— X. 60i
Fiolet, Loiiit. — France, 211
Fire Annihilator Co. — V. 02 a
Firkins, J. & Co.— xx. 163
Firmin Didot, Briitliera. — France, 212
Firmiu & Soni.— viii. 211 ; xx. 161
Firth, see Thornton, Firth, &c.
Firth, T.— V. 472} xxii. 96a; xxx.
(Fine Art Conn), 263
Firth, T. & J.— V. 119
Firth, Barber, & Co.— I. 264
Fifth & Sons.— XII. & XV. 37
I'isch Brothers. — Switierlaiid, 192
Fischer. — Zollverein (1), 747 ; tee also
Bawe 8t Fischer ; Hiitb & Fisclier
Fischer, A.— Austria, 420.
Fischer, B.— Austria, 421
Fischer, Brothers. — France, 506
Fischer, C. — Austria, 617
Fischer, C. A. — Lulieck, 5.
Fischer, C. F. A.— Zollverein (3), 168
Fischer, C. H.— Zollverein (1), 296
Fischer, E.— Switterland, 2(i6
Fischer, F. — India, iv.
Fischer, G. — Austria, .'iOlA
Fischer, G. F.— India, I.
Fischer, J. C— Switwrlaiid, 47
Fischer, K.— Zollverein (1), 281
Fischer, M.— Austria, 618
Fischer and Wurin. — Austria, 426
Fishbouriie, Captain.— vin. 127
Fislier, see MacQuarie, Fisher, & Co.
Fisher, A.— Canada, 69
Fisher & Bramall.— xxu. 206
Fisher, t;.— xxix. 225
Fisher, K.— I. 119
Fisher, J.— XXIX. 80, 220; Canada, 43.
59
Fisher, J. IL— xvii. 10
Fislier, J. N.— xxn. r)08
Fisher, J. W.— xxvi. 37
Fisher & Robinson. — xix. 2
Fisher, T.— United States, 26.'!
Fisher, T. W. & Co.— xxix. 22
Fister, J.— S|>aiii, 221, 222
Fitch, F. C— in. 16(1; iv. 8
Fitch, Dr. S. S.— United States, 479
Fiter,J.— Spain, 221,222
Fitt, W.-v. 118
Fitte, De, see Dubreuille, &c.
Fitts, A Canada, 135
Fitii^erald, Rev. H.— i. 233
FitsMaurice, Hon. W. E. — v. ')7.i viu.
283.
Fitiner, C— Russia, 27 1
Fitzruy, Lord C. — Ionian Islands, 4
Filswilliam, F.arl. — Western end. South
Enclosure (Outside), 48
Fiume Privileged Steam Flour-mill. —
Austria, 63
Fiuii, S. L.— X. 602
Fjelirad. — Denmark, 8
Flacheruti-Huyard. — France, 836
Flaissier, Brothers. — France, 204
Flamet.— France, 213
Flammersheim, W.— Zollv. (1), 395
Flather, D.-xxii. 167
Flather & Haden.— l. 80
Flaud, H. P.— France, 507
Flaussen, Dr.— Zollvereiii (1), 704
Flavel, S.— XXU. 38
Flechey, J. B.— Algeria, 24
Fleck, A.— Canada, 92
Fleet, J.— XXVI. 24
Flegg, R. C— Vail Uiemen's Lund, 271
Kleisch, N.— Zollverein (2), 72
Flelschman, C. W.— Zollverein (2), 71
Fleischmanii, A. — xxix. 126; Zoll-
verein (1), 763
Fleming, G.— ix. 203
Fleming, S.— Canada, 153. 350
Flemmich, A. — Austria, 254
Flemry, J. F, — France, 214
Fleruvsky, M.— Russia, 320
Pletclier, see Parsons, Fletcher, & Co.
Fletcher, A.— xiv. 8
Fletcher, K.— xxvi. 84
Fletcher, H.— xxix. 240
Fletcher, H. T.— xiv. 36
Fletcher, J.— xviii. 69; xxx. (Fine
Art Court), 111; Canada, 127. 136
Fletcher, P.— x. 200
Fletcher, R.-XXVI. 151.207
Fletcher, T.— v. 444; viii. 255
Fletcher, W.— xxix. 244
Klobert. — France, 215
Flockeiihaus& Co.— ZoUv. (I), 335
Flockhart, gee D'lncan, Flockliurt,& Co.
Fluersheim, J. M. — Hamburgh, 52
Floge, G.— Austria, 670
Flood, J. — Sweden and Norway, 7
Floodman, see Good, Fliiodman, & Co.
Florance. — France, 1223
Floreffe, Society de.— Belgium, 38
Flores, Calderon, & Co —Spain, 241
Florimond.— France, 1224
Flower, Ann. — xix. 164
Fluekk, Kliiabeth.— Switzerland, 238
Fliiekk, J.— Switzerland, 224
Flynn, W.— xxix. 156
Flynii, W. P.— V. 125; viil. 183
Foerster, F Zollverein (3), 68
Foese, G.— Zollverein (1), 813
Fogarthy, J.— xxn. 13
Fogg & Bnrbank.— Unired States, 410
Fogliardi, O. B.— Switzerlaiiu 54
Folcker, G. F Sweilen. fi7
Polcker, J. P. & Son.— Sweden, 88
Foley, J. H.— Page 8JH. xxx. (Sculp-
ture Court) 4. 19. 70
Folkard, W. J.— xvn. 112
Follet, G— XXVI. 364
Follet, Narcisse. — Belgium, 426
Follonica, Royal Foundry at — Tuscany,
73
Foltz, L.- Zollverein (2), 94
Fonseca Vaz., .\. P. da.— Portugal, 394-
399. 406.411.580
Fonseca, J. L. F. da.— Portugal, 627
Fonnereau, Kate G.— xxvi. 40
Fontain & Porter. — United Slated. 550
Fontaine, F.— France, 1225, 1226
Fontaine, G.— Belgium, 67
Fontaine Moreau, De. — v. 610; vi. 30 ;
X. 326
Fontaine, P. L.— France, 1227
Fontano, Mrs.— France, 205
Foiite Boo, Viscount ile. — Portugal,
305. 327. 378. 441. 018
Kontenau, F. — France, 000
Fiiiilinn, A. — Tuscany, 122
Fomi, Dr. H.— Netherlands, 113
Fuord, It.— South AAica, 30
Foot, J 1. 180
Foot& Sons— XIX. 68
Foots, Mrs.— xxx. 208a (Pine Art Crt.)
Foothorape,Showell, & Shuntoii.— xxvi.
132
Forbes, Dr.— i. 522
ForlMs, F. G.— Western Africa, 8. 10
Forbes & Hutchison.— Xll. & XV. 291
Forbes, R. B.— ix. SAOa
Ford, see also Paddon & Ford
Ford, C. D. de,& Co.— United Slates,
028-
Ford, D.— XXIV. 40
Ford, R.— XX. 36
Fordati, C-txhead, & Co.— France, 1464.
1490
Furdham & Son.— xxvu. 1 18
Fordham, T.— ill. 04
Forestier, Le. — France, 1709
Formigli, see Caellon, &c.
Foriio, J. — Sardinia, 01
Forrer, A,— xxiii. OJ
Forrer, Biedemoiiii, G. — Switierlaiid,
153
Forrest, A. H — Page 849
Forrest & Bromley.— xxiv. 42
Porrest, R.— United States, 539
Forrest & Sons. — xix. 40
Forrest, W.— xxiii. 108
Forsell, D.— Sweden, 109
Forsler. — xxviu. 178, see also Brown
& Forsler
Forster & Andrews.— x. 062
Forsler, E.— xxin. 77
Forster, F.— Zollverein (I), 220
Foriter, J. — Main Avenue West, 26 ;
VII. 28 ; VIII. 7
Forster, J. B.— Switzerland, 193
Forster, J. & T.— vin. 168
Forster, 1... — Austria. 012
Forster, Simon A.— x. 509
P'orster & Smith.- Gold Coast and
Ashaiitee, 1 ; Western Africa, 2
Forster, T., see Forsler, J. & T.
Forstmann & Huffmann.— Zoll.(l ), 008
Forsyth & Co.— viii. 206
Fortel, Larbre, & Co.— France, 206
Fortier, M. — Canada, 141
Fortier-Beaulieu. — France, 010
Foi'tin, see Roux & Fortin
Fortin-Boutellier.- France, 484. 1109
Fortner, F. X.— Zollverein (2), 69
Fortnum, Mason. & Co. — in. 55
Fortoii, Duponceuu, & Co.— France,
1228
Fortune, Eliza. — xix. 168
Forzano, see Rufibui, Vincenzo, & For«
zano
Fossick & Hackworth.— V. 10
Foster, see Knight & Foster
Foster, E. R.— xxx. (Fine Art Crt.), o03
Foster, O. — xxvi. 33
Foster, Porter, & Co.— XVIII. 16 ; XX.
2; XXIX. 14!>
Foster, R.— XXII. f)50A
Foster, Riitliy, & Co.— xix. 306
Foster & Sihi.— xil. & xv. 1 13
Foster, Son, & Duncum. — xxix. 74
Foster, T.— vi. 202
Foucuult, P.— France, 220
Fouclie, L. — France, 216
Fouche le Pelletier, E. K. F.— France,
1229
Foucher. — France, 8.') 7
Foulis, Dr.— xvn. 170
Fotilques, H. — France, 1602
Foulquie, Mile. & Co.— France, 1603
Fouqueaii, L.— France, 1230
Foiircade, see Delacreiaz & Foiircade
Fourdinuis. A. G. — France, 1231
WHOSE NAMES APPEAR IN THE CATALOGUE.
cxli
(Fine Art CrI.)
Iieiiloii,— XXVI.
Africa. 8. l.)
II.&XV. 3<Jl
— Switterlaiiil,
F(nuUriiii«r, B. N.— v. "tOO
Fimrdrinier, O. H.— vi. lUO
Fouriiea, U'.— v. 081
Fduriioiix. — France, 1605
Fouriiier, §ee Vucouiii, Bonet, &c.
Fuurnier, C. — Caiiiula, 45
Fiiuriiival, Sun, Allmayer, & Co. —
France, i2\
Fuurqufmin & Godet. — France, 1604
Fum, J. P. De la— xxil. 800
Fowler. — Van Diemen's Laiiil, 82-89
Fowler, C— XXX. (Flue An Court), 142
Fowler & Fry.— v. 843 j ix. 28b
Fowler, J. — II. 5i) ; ix. "JSa
Fownei, firotl:8rs. — XX. Si
Fox.-x. joa
Fox & Harrett.— VII. 166
Fox & Borrington.— II. 44
Fox, Brulliers, & Co. — xil. & xv. 7
Fox, C— XXX. (Fine Art Cdurl), 2"J
Fox & Co.— xii. & XV. 272
Fox, E.— XXX. 29a
Fox, Henderson, & Co. —Western end,
Nortli Knclosure (Ouiiide), 55 ; v.
4U4; vin.336
Fox,J.F.— France, 1232
Fox, J. J.— III. 90
Fox & Pollieiniis.— United States, 352
Fox.H. W.— X. 377
Fox, T.— XXV. 168
Fox, T. H.— XXII. 35
Fraccuroli, I. — Austria, 710 (Main
Avenue Kast)
Fretier, G. B.— Austria, 732
Fragata, C. A.— Portugal 1126b
Fraigneu, A. — France, 1606
Fraikin, C. A. — Belgium, 465 (Main
Avenue East)
Franc, A. & Son, &Martelin. — France,
1233
Franco, A. de. — Portugal, 1022b.
1022c
France, A.— ix. 73
Francescliini, F. — Tuscany, 62
Franceschini, G. — Tuscany, 43
Franclie, C. — France, 1234
Franchi, G. J. — xxx. (Fine Art Court),
190
Francis, J. — viii. 136; xxx. (Sculp-
ture Court), 33 ; United States, 533
Francis & Sons. — Western end, North
Enclosure (Outside), 71 ; xxvii. 47
Francis, gee Mucplierson & Francis
Francit, C— Zollverein (2), 75
Fiwicois-Gregoire. — France, 511
Frank, F.— United States, 19
Frank, J.— Austria, 328 ; Zoll. (2), 53
Frank J. G.— Zollverein (6), 61
Frunke, J.— Austria, 602
Frankenberg, Count L.— Zollv.(l), 2 16
Frankenfelde, Koyal Administration of.
—Zollverein (i), 27
Franklin. — Western end, Nortli Enclo-
sure (Outside) ; see also Robson,
Levey, &c.
Franklin, J. D.— Xix. 109
Franklin, Joseph. — v. 784
Franklin, P. L.— Western end, South
Enclosure (Outside), 28; I. 144;
xxvii. 73
FrankliM8ki,J. A.— V. 816
Franks, C. — xxviii, 128
Franks, J.— xxx. (Sculpture Court), 60
Franz, see I^ange, Franz, & Sons
Franz, J.— Zollverein (I), 28,3, 293
Fraiizjny, A. — Austria, t)47
Fraser, A. — Van Diemen's Land, 10
Fraser, D.— xiv. 79
Frasef, W. J.— New Brunswick, 9, 24
Fratin. — France, l'»36
Frauenknecht, O. — Austria, 606
Fray, M.— France, 512
Frazer, see Arthur & Frazer
Freurson, J. — xxil. 288
Freccia, P. — Tuscany, 110
Frederic, J. B, — Algeria, 25
Fredericksen, J. F. — Cape of Good
Hope, 30a, 58
Frediani, C. — Tuscany, 16
Fredric, Col. C— Belgium, 112
Freeman.— IV. 25; xxiv. 48
Freeman, C. — tee Freeman, W. ScC,
Freeman, D. — xxill. 51
Freeman, K. & J. — xxiv. 23
Freeman, Rev.E. — Van Diemen't Land,
210-216
Freeman, J.— vn. 177; see Freeman,
W.&J.
Freeman & Roc. — v. 462
Freeman, S. — i. 172
Freeman, W. & C— xxvi, 38
Freeman, W. & J. — Westi rn end, South
Enclosure (Outsidp), 14; I. 160
Friedenthal, C— Zollverein (I), 846
h'reidrich & Son.— Zoll. (3), 72-83
French, B.— iv. 127
French & Uuiler.— xxvui. 126
French, C— xxx. (Fine Art Court), 62
French, O. J.-xxvi, 110
French, J. & Sons — xxill. 89
French, W. H.— x. 435
Frenholm, B.— Canada, 52
Fresuel, M.— vii. 99
Freslon, W.— i, 133
Fretigny, L. — Belgium, 342
Freudenburg, see Heintze & Freudenburg
Freukner, A. — Austria, 513
Freuiid, E. A.— Zollverein (6), 38
Frewen, Elizabeth. — xix. 170
Frewer, J.i— xxvii. 5
Frewer, J. R.— xxx. (Fine Art Court)219
Frey, A. J. G.— Switzerland, 82
Frey & Son.— Prance, 1607
Frey, T., see Frey, T. F. & T.
Frey, T. f. & T.— Switzerland, 1.52. 212
Frey, Thumeisen, & Christ. — Switzer-
land, 15-i
Freystadt, Brothers.— Zoll. (1), 178
Freyvogel & Heiissler. — Switzer. 152
Friarson, M.— vil. 203
Friebel, L.— Zollverein (1),289. (Main
Avenue Bast.)
Friedheini& Sons.— Zollverein (I), 109
Friedl, L.— Amtria.— 332
Friedrich, A. — Austria, 182
Friedrirh, C— Zollverein (1), 49
Frittilri.h, J. H. Zollverein (6), 74
Friedrich, J. — Austria, 671 ; 729a
Friedrich, J. P. — Hanover, 10
Friedrich & Son.— Zoll. (3), 72-83
Friedrichseii, K. A. — Hamburgh, 8
Friend.— Zollverein (I), 747
Fries, H.— Switzerland, 221
Fries & Zemiczttuer. — .\ustria, 255
Frinault.— France, 1608
Frinnehy, F. R.— xxviii. 181
Friry & Keg*.— France, 1237
Frisliie, M. J.— United States, 136
Prison, J. — Belgium, 392
Fritsclieller,«eeFaller,Fritsclieller,&Co.
Fritsen, see Petit & Fritsen
Frodsliam, see Parkinson & Frodsham
Frodsham, C. — x. 57
Froely, A. — Fiance, 218
Froggart, tee Whittles & Froggart
Frohlich, C. — Austria, 514
Frohlich, J.- -Austria, 515
Frohlichn, O., & Sons. — Austria, 1 77
Fromage, L. — France, 129
Frome Field School.— xvil. 172
Frument, dolus.— France, 208
Froment. — France, 1720
Froment, G.— France, 160C
Frommann, M. — Zollverein (6), 39
Fromunt. — France, 220
Frost, see Eastwood & Frost
Frost, H.— XXII. 393; xxix. 34.
Frost, J.— VI. 84
Frost, Noakes, and Vincent. — v. 476
Frueh, G.— Zollverein (1), 298
Frum>!nto, J. B. — Sardinia, O'i
Fry, tee Fowler & Fry
Fry, J.— XX. 193
Fry,J. L.— XX. 116
Fry & Son.— III. 31
Fry, W. & Co.— XII. & XV. 2C7
Fryer, F.— United States, 372
Fryer, Miss N — xix. 237
Fryer, R.— xxil. 516
Fuchs, H. M.— Zollverein (2), Ua
Furhs, M. — Nuremburg.
Fuchs & Sun.— Zollverein (2), 4
Fudickar, H.— Zollverein (1), 596
Fuisseaux, N. tie.- Belirii-.di, 4U0
Fuller, G. & T.— v. 846
Fuller, J.— X. 592
Fuller, J. E.— United Statet^ 490
Fuller, T., see Fuller, G. & T.
Fulljames & Co.— v. 993
Fulton, H.— xxx. (Fine Art Court) 109
Fumet, C. F.— France, 513
Fundi, A.— Denmark, 16
Fiinke & Boeddinghaus & Co. Zoll*
verein (1), 572
Funke & Uuck.— Zollverein (1) 652
Fuiike, R.— Zollverein (I), 587
Funnell, B.— x. 26
Furbringer, tee Baur & Furhringer
Furler, Franz. — Austria, 208
Furley, J.— xx. 94
Furness, W.— vi. 401
Furse, C. & S.— xxvi. 369
Furse, S., see Furse, C. & S.
Furse, T. W,— Western end. South en-
closure (Outside), 19
Furst, J.— Austria, 296
Fursteiiberg, Prince. — Austria, 412
FurstenhiiflT, Emma. — France, 4^)2 ;
Swe<len and Norway, 27
Furth, B. — Austria, 46
Fusinata, Maria. — Austria, 390
Fusnot, tee Montigny & Fusnot
Fussell, F. R.— VI. 95
Fussell, S.in, & Co.— ix. 197a
Futcher, R.— Portugal, 1116
Fyer & Robinson— viii. 1 1 2
Fyfe, A. & Co.— xil. & xv. 197
Fyfe, H. & Son,— XI. 18
Fyfe, W, W.-IX, 4lA
G. M., Mrs.- Spain, 238
Gaas D'Agnen, \,— France, 1238
Gabain, G. —Zollverein (1), 1 19
Gabelsberger, —Zollverein (3), 1 82
Gabriel, J. VV.— xix. 70
Gadd & Bird.— v. 208
Gademun, H. — Zollverein (2), 12
Gadsden & Evans. — British (iuiana, 26
Gaertner, A.— Zollverein (I), 193
GacsClothManufacturingCo. — Austria,
2U9
Gaetzschmann, W, — Zollverein (3), 3
Gagelin, tee Opigez & Chazelle
Gagneau, Brothers. — France, 227 •
Gaiilier, Buron E. de. — Belgium, 14
Gaillard,— France, 225
Gaillard, sen, — France, 226
Gaillet-Baronnet.— France, 839
Gaiinet, Sanders. & Nicul. — vi, 57, 58
oxlil
INDEX OP EXHIBITORS AND OTHEUa
Oalitbin, ««« Harrii 8c Oiilnliiii
Giilbraith.W.J.T.— XVII. I71»;xxix. 17
«ale, «. H.— vill. IJU. 32.1
Gale, J. & K.— VIII. 70. 130
Gule, R., »'■« «al', J. & R.
Galimard, K,— France, .'ilS
GalimanI, F.— France, 830a
Galimonl, N. A.— France, 228
Oiiliinberti, C— Sardinia, 29
Gall, J.— X. 687*; xvii. 170, 171
Gall, M.— XVII. 171.
Gulluglier, J. — xxx.(8cti I pliireCoui i) 43
(ialland, R.— France, 98'J
Galiard, W.— xvii. 1 1
GallawBV, T.— xx. 120
Galle, P. H.— Netherlund*, 47
Gallegoi, J.— S|)ain, 272
Galli, A.— Austria, 711
Gallicher & Co.— France, 229
Ualluway, J., see Galloway, W. k J.
Galloway & S.)ii«. — xx. 03
Galloway, VV. & J.— v. 124
Gallon, Mary Ann.— xxix. 93
Galy Caxalot.— France, 1 230
Gamaley, T.— Hiwsia, 123
Gamlia, P., the llein of. — Austria, 100
(-iambartxuumoft', Artem.— Uu»iii| 2J7
Gamble, O. F. — xxix. 43
Gamble, J. H.— III. 12
Gamble, Brotliera.— United States, 163
Gamble, W.— Canada, 130
Gambs. — Rus«ia, 297
Gammersbacli, Urotliert. — Zollv. (1),
860
Gancoiirt, Mdllvs. — Mauritius, 3
Gandell, see Hunt and Uandell
Gandell, K F.— vii. 3J
Gandillnt & Co.— France, 230
GanditlK.— Sardinia, 93 ; see also Botti-
nelli <( Gandu'.ri
GandolH, D.— Austria, 712 (Main Ave-
nue East)
Gandy, G.— XII. & xv. 246
Gann, l^uisa. — xvili. 94; xx%. 12a
Ginnery, V. — France, 316
Ganger, J. — Austria, 256
Gante & Sons.- ZoUverein (I), 363
Ganterie, F.— ZoUverein (7), 4
Gantillon, C. K.— France, 1241
Ganville, W.— Canada, 95. 114
Garach, J. — France, '^32
Garate, M. de.— S|)ain, 270a.
Garcia, J. — Spain, 205
Garcia, J. C— Portugal, (ill
Card, W. S.— xix. 16
Garde.- Portugal, 113:>
Gardie, L.— xxx. (Fine Art Court) 201
Gardiner, M. — XXJI. 356.
Gardlnier, sea Mix and Gardinier
Gardner & Bazley.— vi. 87
Gardner & Co.— x. 365
Gardner, H.— vii. ."iO.
Gardner, J.— xxix. 223
Gardner, J., M.U.— ill. 1 42
Gardner, J. H.— xxvi. 231
Gardner, J. N.— United States, 304
Gardner, M. A.— xix. 174
Gardner, W. H.— xvii. 199
Gardner, W. T.— vill. 280
Garfortb, J. m'Gart'ortli, VV. J, &J,
Garfortli, VV. J. St J.— vi. 208
Gariun, see Causse &Garion
Garland & Co.— Portugal, 39-41
Garland, T.— 1.488
Gailand, W.— xiv. 84
Garmann, H. C. — Sweden & Norway, 38
Gariiaud,jun. — France, 233
Garner, D.— xvi. 230. 312
Garnett, H. T. — Britisli Gui.ino, 13, 14.
31,32
Garnett, W.— XVI. 60
Garnkiik C4>.— Western end, Nmlli En-
closure (Outside), 60
Garrard, J,, sre Garrard, It. & J.
Garrard, K.&J.— xx. 61
Garrard, R. & S.— XXIII. 98 j Austria
720
Garrard, S., see Garrard, R. & S.
Garrett, G. — xxvili. 141
Garrett & Sons.— ix. 142
Garrisaini, P. — Sardinia, 9
Garry.— XVI. 26
Garth, C.—(Uma<la, 138
Garthwaite, W. — xxvi. 48
Gartim & Jarviii. — xxil. -.jj
Garvie & Deas.— xil. & xv. 227
Gaspar, see Dotres, (ia8|)ar, & Co.
Gai<|)ard, G, A. — France, ICIO
Goss, I), see Gass, S. H. & I).
GasH,S. H. & D.— XXIII. S3
Ganser, J. — Austria, 703
Gasselt, H.— United States, 420
Gasliiuie-Renette.— France, 161 1
Giiston, see Blondel, Guston, & Cu.
Gatchel, J. L.— United Staled, 468
Gatchell, G.— xxiv. 12
Gutchill, «ee Saunders & Gatchill
Gatenby & Pass.— vi. 60
Gates, Laura Charlotte. - xx. 72
Gates, T. F.— xvi. 183
Gates, VV.— United States, 423
Gating, R. J.— United States. 162
Gatt, A.— .\n»tria, 440
Gatti, A. & G.— XXIX. 73
Gaiti & UoUa.— VI. 450
Gatii, G. see Gatti, A & G.
Gattiker, G.— France, 841
Gaubot, sen. — France, 844
Gaudchaux-Picard, Sons. — Prance, 222
Gaudet du Fresne. — France, 842
(iaume & Co. — France, 8 13
Gaunt & Son.— XXVI. 88
Gaunt, T.— xxiv. 68
Gaussen St Co. — France, 1242
Gaussen, juii. — France, l'.)43
Gauthier, see liricard & Ganthirr
Gauthier, jun. — France, 231
Gauthier, J.— France, 1244
Gauthorp, — xviii. 70
Gautier, U. — France, 1213
Gautier, J. — France, 1J44
Gauvuin, J. — France, 1612
Gavard, A. — France, 235
Gavit, D. K.— United States, 125
Uawkroger & Hynam, — I. 48
Gay & Liiquin, — Switzerland, 83
Gayet, see Iterlrand, Gayet, & Uuniontat
Gaymard & Gerault. — France, 618
Gayrard, see Vechte, Gayraril, St Yon
Gaie.— X. 196
Giize, T.— VIII. 1.16
Geake, T, — xxvi. 31
Gear, J. W. -XXX. (Fine Art Court),
215
Geary, N.— xvi. 235 ; xx. 49
Geary, S.—v. 816; vn. 2
Gebauhr, C. J.— Zollv. (2), 848
Gebliardt, C. A.— Zollvoiein (1), 248
Gvbhardt, Roltmaini,& Co. — ZoUverein
(l), 585; ZoUverein (3), 90
Gehhart, Druthers, — ZoUverein (2), 42
Grbruder, see Scheldt, Gcbru<ler, & Co.
Gee, »ee .Andrews, H, & Sons, & Co.
Geeli, G, — Belgium, 460; (Main
Avenue East)
Geefs, J. — Belgium, 451; (Main Avenue
East)
GeeCs, S.— Belgium, 451, 466*
Geerti, C— Belgium, 450
Geffrn, J. 11. Van.— Netherlands, 46
Oehreiilieok, see Nacke & (ielirenlieck
Gehrniann, T. — ZoUverein (1), 60
Geigfr, Prnl'essor. — Austria, 372
Geilinger, Brothers. — Switzerland, 201
Gkiimar, L. St Cu. — ZoUverein (8), 13
Oeisi.-/ollveiein (I), 267. 270
(ieiMt)rrger, F. — Austria, 1 1
Geissler, V. S.— ZolUereiu (I), 100
Geistimann & Cu, — Switzerland, 227
Gelder, Van, & Sons, — Netherlands, 61
Qelle, sen. — France, 845
Gellinek, J, — Austria, 338
Gelling, F, L.— I. 139
Geminy. — France, 1613
Gemuniler, G.— Uniled States, 442
Genadendal Missionary Station. — South
Africa, 44
Genest, sf.e Besnard, llichoux, St Genest
Genin, J. N.— United States, 232
Genoa, Duke of, — Sardinia, 61
Genoux, F. — France, 1714
Gentile, J, P,— in, 108
Geoghegan, VV. M, — xiil. 14
Geological Survey of the United King-
dom,— I. 139
Geordeson, J. — vm, 42
(jeorge, see Kutwyche & George
George, C. — xvi, 32; xix, 175
George, J.— I. 213; xvi. 289
George, J. B.— Xix. 381
George, T. VV. & Co., xii. & xv. 50
George's, St., Fields, School lor tlie In-
digent Blind. — xxviii. 100
Gerard, A,, and daughters. — x. 109
Gerard, A. J. — Belgium, 182
Gei'slendoeiTer, J, & Kubler, jun. —
ZoUverein (2), 10
Gerada, A. — Malta, 32
Geiaull, see Gaymard & Gerault
Oerl>er, C. H. A. — Mecklenburo'-
Schwerin', 3
Gerbers, E, — Hamburgh, 2 1
Oerente, France, 517
Gerhard, A,— ZoUverein (I), 487
Gerhaidt, A,— Zollv, (I), 839.
Gerimon, Son, France, 242
Gerish, F, W.— xxil. 652
Gerlach, C. F.— ZoUverein (1), 232.
Gerlich & Griefl'.— ZoUverein (I), 537
German, A. A. & Co, — France, 81
Germain-Siniier M. — France, l'J46
Gerresheim & Neef.— Zollv. (1), 872
Gerson, H. — Hamburgh, 32
Gerstendoeffer, J., & Kubler, jun.—
ZoUverein ^.2), lu
Gerstiier, see Lotz St Gerslner
Gervais.— France, 520
Geseller, H. — Hamburgh, 68
Gessnvr, A, — Switzerland, 153
Gesson-Mazille. — France, 223
Geuiiiger, M. H,— United States, 320
Gevelot,— Uniled States, 189
Gevelutand Lemaire. — France, 319
Oevers & Schmidt.— ZoUverein (I), 30
Geyer, J. — Austria, 346
Geyger, A. & Co.— ZoUverein (I), 870
Geyling, C. — Austria, 736
Ghent Liniere Compy. — Belgium, 230
Ghent Soui£tu du Phoenix. — Belgium,
134
Ghrimes, S. — x. 574
Giani, J. — .Austria, 257
Gibbons, J., jun. — xxil. 634
Gibbon!) & Sons. — xxii. 194
Gilibs, Blight, & Co. — New Bruns-
wick, 2
Gibbs & Co.— III. 104
Gibba, Cul.— New South V\'ales, 2t
Gibbs, U. & VV.— XXIX. 30,iA
Gibbs, G.— VIII. 2l5
WHOSE NAMES APPEAR IN THE CATALOGUE.
cxliii
& Geraiilt
— Mecklunljiir '-
Gii.b«, H— X. j:
Gibl)8, 1. A.— XXIV. 75
Giltelin & Sun. — Fruiice, 84G
Gibioii, A. — VIII. 41
Gibson, C— III. 10'2.— XX. 132
Gibaoii&Co.— VI. 19; xvi. 101
Gilwun, Jiiliii. — XXIV. 7'J; xxx. (Sculp-
ture C»»rt), 04
Gibauii, M.— IX. 129
Oibioii, T.— V. 848
Gibiimi, W.— Unit«<l Stutcs, 468
Gibauii, VV. & Co.— xil. & XV. 464
Gick, J.(4.— ZoUveruiii (6), i7
Giile Sc Bundry. — France, 'J3l)
Giilney, J. W.— xxil. 550
Uieiiaiiih, Brutliera.— Zullv. ('2), 95
Giesliers, T. M. — Nftlierlaiiiis, 62
Givilrr, see Himiiiiii St Givsler
Giessler, N. H.— Zollvereiii (1), 696
Gift'ord, J.— xxx, (Fine Art Court),
Gigolo, S.— Russia, 130
Gigot & Koisotau.— France, 224
(ill, v.— Spain, 95
Gilart, R. D.— Sp.iin, 237
(iilbert. A.— United States, 432
Gilbert, Brolhera.— XXII. 123
Gilbert, C— xvi. 179; (.Vlain Avenue
West) ; see also Addison & Gilbert;
Carver & Gilbert
Gilbert, C. J.— France, 237
GilUrt & Co. — XVI. 179; (Main
Avenue West) ; XXVI. \'M —
France, 238. 847; United States, 430
Gilbert, E. -VIII. 120
«iH)ert, G. M.— x. 234
Gilbert, H.— IX. 53
Gilbert, J. — vi. 447; xix. 176
Gilbert, S.— xxil. 494
Gilbert, W.— xxix. 187
Gilberteoii, J. — vi. 508
Gilder, see Walkers & Gilder
Giles, A. — VII. 7 1
Gill & Bishop.— XII. & xv. 77
Gill, 6.— xxx. (Fine Art Court), 145
Gill, H.— XVII. 160
Gill, K.— xu. &xv. 190
Gill, T. D.— XVII. 12
Gill, v.— Spain, 95
Gill & Ward.— IX. 62
Gill, W. E.— I. 38
Gill, W. L.— XIX. 386
GiDam, J.— DC. 138
Gille,J. M.— France, S48
Gillespie & Co.— Canada, 133
Gillespie & .Son. — xxil. 493
Gillet, A.— France, 521
Gillett, J.— IX. 78
Gillctt, W. S.— X. 79
Gillmaii, E. — iv. 44
Gillot.— France, 522
Gillot, F.— France, 849
Gillott, J.— XXII. 324
GiUow&Co.— IV. 15; xxvi. 186
Gilly, see Uonlet, Gilly & Cbaponniere
Gilmour, A. & Co.— Western end, South
Enclosure (Outside), 60
Gilmour, W. Si Co.— xii. & xv. 203
Gilaon & Uossut. — Belgium, 241
Gilta, J. L.— Belgium, 105
Giltay, J. J.— Belgium, 379
Giinper, G. — Switzerland, 272
Gitier, J. — Spain, 212
Gingell, W. J.— IX. 25c
Giuori, Marquis L. — Tuscany, 72
Giiioves, J. — Spain, 70
Ginzel, R. C— Austria, 210
Giovanni, San. — xxv. 7
Giovannini, Paaquul.- Tuscany, 1. 97.
Giraid, Nephew St Co.— France, 1248
Girard, P.— Switiierlan<l, 30
Girardi, Brtitliera. — Sardinia, 5
Girand, Brolhera. — France, 850
Oirii, J.— S|>aiii, 23. 244
Girod, M. & Co.— Sardinia, 8
Gimd de L'Aiii, Le General, — France,
1249
Girodon, A. — France, 12')0
Giron, Madame. — Belgium, 403
Gisbert, J.— S|)aiii, 137
Giaborne, J — x. 507
Gisi, F. — SHritzeriand, 85
Giain, J.— Switzerland, 72
Giaaiger, V. — Switzerland, 171
Giudicelli & Delabarre. — Fratice, 1614
Giuseppe, San, Conservaturio of. —
Malta, 22
Giuati, P. — Tuscany, 117
Gladalone, J. inn. 8t Co. — V. 488; viii.
182
Glaeaer, F.— Zollverein (3), 63
Glaeaer, J, S. jnn.— ZoUv. (3), 72-83
Glafey & Neul>artii.— Zollv, (3), 105
Glandore Miniii|j Co, Wicklow. — I.
505
Glaiiz, P.— Zollverein (1), 146
Glasgow, J.— VI. 219
Glaaa, G. M,— III. 141
Glaast'ord. — Canada. SO; see also,
Scott & Glassford
Glaucbau Weavers' School. — (Saxony)
Zollverein (3), 100
Glavy, see Deneirouae, E, Bois, Glavy,
and Co.
Gleichauf, B.— Zollverein (I), 887
Gleiwitz Royal Prussian Smelting-worka
and Iron Foundry. — Zollv. (1), 1
Glenissim & Vangenechlen. — B«lg. 286
Gleiiny, see Threalier & Gleiniy
Gleiiny, C— XX. 37
Glentun & Chapman.— xxil, 238
Glier, F. & Son.— Zollverein (3), 20
Glier, G.— Zollverein (3), 21
Globe Print Company (Maasachuietta).
—United Statea, 31
Globotachuig, A. — Austria, 357
Glover St Colclough. — xxv, 23
Glover & Duini. — xi, 50
Glover, J. & T — xvi. 19
Glover, M, — XVIII. 92
Glover, T. — i. 438 ; see also Glover,
J, & T.
Glover, W.— ix. 121
Gliier, L. — Zollverein (1), 178
Glib, J. — Belgium, 337
Gobelins, National iVlanufacture of, —
France, la68
Gocht, F.— France, 1615
Godard & Boiitemjia. — France, 240
Goddard, see Church Si Qoddard
Goddard, Brothers. — United Statea, 35
Goddard, H.— xxil. 380
Goddard, J.— xxvi. 30S
Goddard, .1. T.-x. 274
Goddard, L.— x. 636 ; United Stateg,33 1 .
537
Gmldard, S. A.— viii. 233
Goddet, A.— France, 1251
Godefroy.— France, 1722
Godelroy, L. — France, 1252
Godelroy, 1'. A.— xii. & xv. 308
Godfrey & Cooke,— ii. 92
Godfrey Cc Hancock. — xvi. 168
Godfrey, W.— xxvill, 183
Godin, J. L. & Son.— Belgium, 284
Godiniio, M. N. — Portugal, 125J
Godschaux, Brotliera.— Zoll. (7), 1
Godson, S, H.- -ll. 50
Goebel, F. D.-/.,.llvere;n (1), 808
Uuehel, G.— Zollverein (4), 96
Goehnng & Uoolimr.— Zollv. (3), 164
Goena, L.— Belgium, 237
Ooerg«r, M, jun, m« Emmerich and
Goerger, M. jun.
Gueti, F.— Switierland, 135
Goethem, V. Van.— Belgium, 124
Ooetz St Ecklin.— Switierland, 132
Goetie, H.— Zollverein (3), 169
Goffliiet-Salle. J. B.— France, 524
Gogerty, R,— x, 407
Going, J.— XXIX. 201
Going, J. St Co.— XXIX. 87a
Golay, see Leconltre St Golay
Golay, ll. — Switzerland, 220
Golav-Lereche, A. — Switttsrlaiid, 92
Golden & Son.— VIII. 264
Goldenberg, G. St Co.- France, 831,
1737
Goldiii);, E. — IX. 45a.
Golding, M, C— Unite<l Statea, 320a
Golding, Mn.— United Statea, 31Q.\
Goldiiitr, R.— in. 63; IX. 45
Golding, W.— VIII. 228
Goldner.— III. 15
Goldachmid, J. — Switzerland, 84
Golilachmidt, M., juu.— Zollverein (3),
20
Goldachmidt, S.— ZollTerein (I), 85
Goirericlia& Cugat.— Sjiain, 247
Goll, Brothers.— Zollverein (4), 88
Oollop, J.— XXII. 651
GolovanofT. — Ruasia, 64
Gomel, J. L.— Portugal, 403. 418-42U
Gomex Alveric, B. — Spain, 1'..6a.
Gompertz, H. — Hamburgh, 33
Gonipertz, Fi.— v. 652
Gonin, see Delamnrini£re, Goi.in, &c.
Gonnella, Prof. T.— Tuscany, 57
Gonzalea, P. — Austria, 713
Gonzalez, Carvajal, M. — Spain, 126u
Gonzalez, S. — Spain, 198.
Gonzalrzy Valla, R. — Spain, 55
Good, Floodmaii, and Co. — IV. 95
Good, S. A.— X. 146
Goodbehere, Q. T.— XXII. 4S1
Goode & Boland.— XXII. 294
Goodea, G. & S.— in. 50
Goodea, S., see Goodea, G. St S.
Goodeve, G.— xvi. 176.
Goodfellow, A. — New Brunswick, 28
Goodfellow, J.— V. 773
Goodgard Forges. — Sweden&Nurway , 1 3
Goodhale & Reevea — i. 470
Goudison, — xxvi. 201
Goodman, O. — xxii. 333
Goodridge, J., jun. — Jeraey and Giiern-
ley, 39
Goodwin, see Biniis & Goodwin
Goodwin, C. — xxill. 64
Goodwin, J.— XII, & XV. 11
Goodwin, T.— United States, 217
Goodyear, C— United Statea, 378
Goodyear Rubber Co, — United Statea,
295
Goolab Singh, Maha Rajah, — India, xv.
XXVI,
Gooriel, Prince Lieven, — Russia, 6 1
Goosaena, G. — Netherlanda, 77
Gordon, A., see Gordon, G, 8i A.
Gordon, C— xxix. 202
Gordon, E.— XVI. 212
Gordon, G, & A. — Xiv. 82
Gordon, J.— x. 639 ; rxx. (Fine Art
Court), 81
Gore, C.W.— 1.128a
Gore, G.— X. 690a; xxvi. 144
Gorigoretzk Farm. — Russia, 121
Gorlitz, L.— Zollverein (I), 890,
Gorrie, T.— xxii. 40
cxliv
INDEX OF EXHIBITORS AND OTHERS
Gorriiige, VV.— xxx. (Fine Art Court),
164
Oortai tc Perier.— FraiiM, \2i^
Uurloii, let Dauptaiii, Qorloii, &Co.
Oorlon, O.— XXII. 374
OuMmunii, tte KapfHird & GoMman
GMliiiir, W., (M Beckrord, T., & Go*-
ling, W.
Gotiif II ft Co.— XXVIII. 95
Gou, H.— VI. 20e
GuHOKe, J. — V. 414
GoMeliii, A.— Frnncr, 249
Gott, M.— Rome, iS
Ooit & Soni.— XII. tt XV. 47
Oottl, B.— Auitria, 7U
UotUchalk, J. A.— Zollverein (I), 793
Gottvclialk ft Schioeiler. — Xullverein
(l),7:<0.75S; Zullverein (3), 88. 163
Goube-Pheracie. — France, b5.'
GuuJa, P. F.— Zullverein (5), 26
Guudeau, C. — Belgium, I'di
Gough, W.— xxin. 33
Guuin, A. — France, 241
Goulard— Puitugal, 20. 25
Gould.- Page 849
Gould, A.— XXIX. 31, 171
Gould, F., aee Gould, J. & F.
Gould, J.— XXVIII. 143; xxx, (Fine
Art Court), 247
Gould, J. & Co.— United Stalei, 98
Goulil, J. & F.— XIX. 14
Gould, N. — New Brunswick, 3; Nova
Scotia
(xould, T. — .leriey and Guernsey, 34
Guuldirig, J.— XX. 110
Gourdin. — France, 529
Gourlan, I.— xxix. 192
Gourlie & Son. — xviii. 52
Gourock Itoiwwork Co. — xiv. 72
Gous, B.— Zullverein (1), 720
Goutchkofr, K. & J .—Russia, 189
Goutclikuff, J., see Goutclikuff, K. & J.
Gowans, J.— i. 13i
Gowar, aee Ruck & Guwar
Gower.T.— XXIX. 102
Gowing, J. W.— X. 736
Gowing, T. W.— X. 645
Gowland.J.— X. 27
Guwlund, T. — xxill. 69
Gozo, Salvo Del.— Malta, 1 1
Graber, J. — Austria, 441
Grabner, F.— Austria, 469
Grace, D. — lii. 58>.
Grade, L. — France, 1251
Gradinann, A. — Zullverein (2), 55
Gradmans, H. C. — Netherlands, 65
Gradwell, G.— xxi. 40
Graefe, J. F. & Son.— Zollvetein (3),
102
Graeser &Schw«izer. — Switzerland, 216
Graetzer & Hermaini. — France, 54. 199.
296; Zollverein(l), 589
Graeztsch, — Zullverein (2), 51
Graf. C— xxx. (Fine Art Court), 76
Graf, H.— Zullverein (I), 746
Graf<! & Neviardt— Zullverein (1), 591
Grair, sec Butschete & Graff, 281
Graff, H.— Russia, 150
GratI, P.— Zullverein (1), 592
Graff, W.— Zullverein (1), 803
Graham. — Canada, 23 ; see also Jackson
& Graham
Graham, G.— x. 233
Graham, J.— I. 517 ; X. 355; xvi. 122;
Canada, 34
Graham & Hallett.— South Australia, 3
Graham, Lemun, & Cu. — xxix. \0'i
Graham & Sons.— XIII. 17
Graham, West, & Co. - vi. 449
Qraiilon, P. A.— France, 853
Grainger, G. & Co.— xxv. 40
Grainger, J.— vill. 27H
Grainger, R.— xxx. (Fine Art Court),
169
GrandN), «c« Lipplnoott & Co.
Granada, lns|ieclur nl Mines of. —
Spain, 16
Grandliarhe, — Frani-e, 244
Grandjean, H.— Switserland, H
Grandjean, Madame O.— France, 243
Giandjean, P. U.— Switxrrland, 46
Grandval, J. B.— France, 1255
Grsner, we Rook & Gianer
Grange, F.— Sardinia, 1
Grangemouth Coal Coin|iaiiy, Sunder-
land.—Western end. North Knolusure
(Outside), 68 ; xxvil. 99
Granger, J. M. V. L.— France, 1734
Grangoir, E.— France, 1616.
(irangoir, J. M. — France, 1296
Graniteville Factory (South Carolina),
—United Slates, 179
Grant, see While & Grant
Grant, A. T. & Co.— United State* 82
Grant, C.— xxiii.93. 110; xxx. (Fine
Art Court) I'JO
Grant, D — xxii. 431
Grant, J.— United Slates, 6' ■ Van
Diemen's Land, 347
Grant, J. C ix. 267
Grant, J. H.— United Slates, 281
Grant, Miss. — Bahamas
Grant, P.— x, 46
Grant, W.— viii. 136
Grantham, J. — viii. 93
Gruntliam, W,— xxix. 39
Granioff, B. A, & Co.— Austria, 122
Granville & Co. — iv, 1 15
Granxini, J. — Sanlinia, 99
Grassi, Ur. G.— Aus ria, 83
Grassot & Co.— France, 926. 1297
Gratiot, A.— France, 854
Grali Silkworm Breeding Auocialion.
— Austria, 73
Grauss, J. — Austria, 442
Graux. J. L.— Fiance, 197, 249
Oravagna, Maria. — Malta, 7
Grave & Neviaiidt.— Zollv. (i), 991
Grave, De, Short, & Fanner, — x. 333
Graves, D.— xxx, ( Fine Alt Court), 322
Gravil, Capt.— XVI. 16
Gray. — Bermudas ; see also Martin &
Gray
Gray, A. see Gray, J. & A.
Gray & Davison. — x. 9^9
Gray, Kliza Maria. — xxx. (Fine Art
Court), 293
Gray, G.— v. 694
Gray, G. Le — France, 989
Gray, J.— vill. 160; xxil. 571. Aid;
xxui. 101
Gray, Dr. J.— x. 104a; United States,
302
Gray, J. & Son.— XXII. 405
Gray & Keen.— x. 138
Gray, P.— x. 724
Gray, S.— xii. & xv. 67
Gray & Son.— xxil. 262
Gray & Sons.— ix, 1 50
Gray, T. & Co.— United States, 405
Gray, T. H.— xxii. 513
Grayson, see Slack, Sellers, & Grayson
Greosley & Hopcn)l1.— xix. 34
Great Peat Working Co. of Ireland. —
1.231
Great Western Railway Co.— v. 90 1 . 906
Greathead, see Davis, Greuthead, &o.
Greatorex, see Bradbury, Greaturex, &c.
Greatorex, D.— v. 415
Oreatrex, tte Cozens & Oreatres
Gre.tves, see E.iriishaw & Gieaves ;
Reeves, Greaves & Co.
Greaves, E.— X. 903
Greaves, H. — v. 619
Greaves, J. W.— 1. 210
(irvaves, R. — Western end, South Enclo-
surt (Outside), 7 ; i. 99
Grebe, J. O.— Netherlands, 102
Grech, Giuseppina. — Malta, 17
GrMf, F. W.- Zollverein (1), 933
Gretff, Brrdt, 8c Co.— Zollverein ( I ), 9<>0
Greeff & Son, J. P.— Zollverein (1), n5J
Greek Ouvemment. — Greece, 1 :i-.iO,
22-24. 26-39. 43, 44. 46, 47. 49
Green.— xxviil. 60; see Davis, Great-
head, & Green ; Hirst & Green
Green, A.— xxii. 42
Green, U. — vii. 3
Green, C— xxii. 570
Green & Co.— xxii. 932
(ireen, E.— v. 93
Gieen & I'ahey. — xxx. (Fine Art
Cuui ', 8
Green, H.— xvili. 70a
Green, I.— vil. 186
o.ven, J.— VII. 17; xii. & xv. 92;
xxv. 90; xxx. (Fine Ait Crt.) 233
Green, J. G.— xxiv. 32
Green, R.— vni. 131 ; xvi. 89
Green, S.— x. 446 ; xxii. 53;^
Green, S. & Co. — Western end. North
Enclosure (Outside), 67 ; xxvii. 125
Green & Sons. — xii. & xv. 69
Green, T.— ix. 66
Owen, W.— V. 704
Oreeiibury, J. — XXIII. 7 \
Greene, H,— xix. 180
Greener, W,- vm. 59; 136
Greeiilield, J, — xxil. 676a
Greeiiliaigh & Suns.— XI. ;:N
Greenhuw, T. M.— X. 630
Greening & Suns.— xxii. 39
Greenish, T.— II. 121
Greeiishields, W. — xill. 58
Greenway, C— v. 698
Greenwell, J.— xxill. 6
Greenwood, Anne Christiana. — xix. l&l
Greenwood & Barnes. — xvni. 46
Greenwood, W. — New Zealand, 0, 17
Gregan, J . E.— xxx. (Fine Art Co.), 2 1
Gregoire, F.— France, 1739
Gregory, A.— vm. 69
Gregory, Brothfrs.- xn. & xv. 182
Gregory, Ciibitt, & Co. — xx. 8
Gregory, Governor. — Bahamas
Gregory, R,— ix, I 7a
Gregory, T,— xxii. 99
Gregory, Thomsons, & Co.— Xix. 182
Gregsun & Brieii. — xill. 14
Greig, D. & J.— vi, 114
Greig, G. & Co.— South Africa, 96
Greig, J., see Greig, D. & J.
Greig, Misses. — Bahamas
Greig & Son. — xxvi. 159
Greiiier, G. F.— x. 468
(ireiner, M,— Austria, 374 A
Grekasar, Blast Furnace of. — Sweden
& Norway, 3
Greiiier, J. — Jersey & Guernsey, ''
Gremailly, sen. — France, 246
(irenei, L. F. — France, 247
Gressler, E — Zollverein (1) 894
Greuter& Rietvr, Brothers. — Switz. 123
Greverie, A. 8. — xxvi. 255
Greville, J.— v. 896
Grey, see Moure & Grey
Grey, the Countess. — Antigua, 1 ; Cey-
lon ; Eastern Archipelago, 1 ; Mau-
ritius, 1
Grey, Karl.- South Australia, 7
WHOSE NAMES APPEAR IN THE CATALOGUE.
cxiv
10
ieii(l,SuulliRiict(>-
I yu
Uiidt, 102
Malta, 17
treiii (I), 533
Zullver*iii(l),d!>0
Zullven!in(l),«5J
—Qpftce, 1 :t-)10.
44. 4(t, 47. 4»
M« Davit, Greut-
irat & Grrvn
XXX. (Fine Art
itigua. 1 ; Cey-
slugci, I ; Mau-
Grey, tlie Dowuger Lady. — New Briiui-
wick, 1
Grry, J.— I. »06
Grey, M.— France, 3:7
GrilNmuflT, P.— Ituuia, I'M
(irice, F.— Cunado, 71
Orielf, see Gerliuli & Grit- IT
Griesf, F.— Aiutriu, 3-11
(irieiii, I,.— Zidlverein (2), 45
Griffin, U.— XX. 117
Giiflin, D.— United Statei, 141
Griffln,-J. J. & Cu.— x. 457
Griffin & Ward, ace Ward (late Gdffin
& Ward)
Gritfltli, J.— X. 331
Griffitli, J. W.— United Statei, 226
(jrillitlii, \V.— XXVIII. 192
Griffitlii & Le Ileau.— X. 404
Gritlitha & Strong.— xxvii. 67
Grifflllii, T. F XXII. l'51
Grill'on, Biiitliers, &c.— France, 12r)8.
Gri(;g, J.— xxvi. 401
Grignun, AI. — France, 1617
Grijfor, .1. & Co. — iv. 1
Griller, J.— Anitria .'^74
Grillet, sen. & ( 'o. — France, 1 23!)
Grillmayer, J. — Austria, 17-
(jriinB, F. — Algeria, 26
Griinoldi, H.—x. 159
Griinon))r«t & Co. — France, 853
Grimshiiwe & Wilklnsun — xiv. 32
Grimsley, H. — I, 105
Grinnley, T.— ix. 136
Griidale, J. E.— v. 858 ; vii. 58
Griion. — France, 1260
Griisell, H. & M. D.— XXX. 335
Griwell, T.— I. 185
Grist, M.— x«. & XV. 208
Griva, M.— Sardinia, 63
GroeWr, A. — Zollvereiii (4), 66
Groenkloof Miasiunary Station. — Scmth
Africa, 43
Gnietaero, Capt. J. B. — Belgium, 156
Groger, F. — Austria, CSl
(irolimann, A. — Austria, 382
Grolimann, C. — Austria, 178
Grohmann, H. — Austria, 576
Gruliniann, J. — .Austria, 586
Orolleau and Deville. — France, 1618
Grunuw, Von, see EUner & Co.
Groom, J. &U.— XVI. 121
Groom, R., see Groom, J. & R.]
Groome, J. — x. 549
Grobt, C, De.— XXX. (Fine Art Court),
;.• .02.' *'":;;;
(Bropiijs, P.— Zollverein, 226
Gros-Ouler, Roman, & Co. — France,
248
Grosclaude, C. H.— -Switzerland, 24
Grose, H. — Grenada
Groskopf, Q. — Austria, 343
Grosjean, F. — xx. 60
Gross, D. J.— Zollverein (1), 17
Grossauer, A. — Austria, 6(>7
Grossauer, F. — Austria, 568
Grosse Brotliers. — France, 329
Grossnr.ann Brothers. — Zollv. (3), 125
Grossraann, C. G. — Zollverein (3), 124
Grossman & Wagner. — France, 836
Grossmann, Agnes. — Zollverein (I), 732
Grossmitli, J. — xxix. 13
Grojsinith, W. R.— x. 565
Grosvenor, W. — xill. 52
Grole, H. G.— Zollverein (1), 538
Groucock, Copestake, Moore, & Co. —
XIX. 3
Groult, jun. — France, 330
Groult & Co.— France. 531
Grounsell, W.— ix. 148
Grout, A. — VII. 47
Grunt, J. 8t Co.— xiiI. 36
Groves, N.— iv. 131
Grul.l>, F. C— XXVI. 25 ■>
Grulier Si Knzinger, lirutliers. — Austria,
258
Gruel- France, 837
Gruene, W., jnn.— Zollvt-rein (I), 43
Gruener, F. W.— Zollverein (3), 101
Grugeon, A.— xxvili. 97
Grnlil, F.— Zollverein (3), 37 ; (Main
Avenue, East)
Grund.-ZoUv. (1)338
Grundy, J. C— xxvi. 121
Grundy, T. — xvi. 227
GrnntT, I.. — xix. 1)6; xxii. 310;
xxill. HO, (Main Avenue West^ ,
xxvii. 14U, 111; XXX. (Fine Art
Court), 330
Grunliut, \\ , & Co.— Austria, 672
Grunlnit, .1,, jun, — Austria, 673
Grunlnit, A. sen. — Austria, 674
GruentlittI, — Zollverein (I), 106
Grnnwald, J. — Austria, 'tlO
Grut, B.— III. 36; New Granada, 2
Grutzmaciior & Sons, — Zollverein (I),
142
Qrylls,S.-i. 444
GrzybowHki, H. — Zollverein (1), 63
Grzybowski. Kev. — Zollverein (I), 44-1
(iuudalajura. — Spain, 3
GubW, H.— Zollverein (I), 4.15
Guehin, M. — France, 1
Guelciier, sje Sternickel & Gnelclier
GuelH— Sardinia, 04
Guenal. — France, 13S9
Guentlier & Simon. — Zollverein (.3),
94
Guernino. — Rome, 23
Guerlin, H.— France, 1261
Guerlin, P.- Zollvereio (I), 68
Guernsey Cottagers. — ^Jeney and Guern-
sey, 38
Guerot, A.— France, 533
Guerre, sen. — France, 838
Guertler, J. — Austria, 21 1
Guesnu.— France, 230. 859
Guest, J.— IX. 3
Guest, J. & W.— XXII. 524a
Guest, W. see Guest, J. & W.
Guest Si Clirimes. — xxii. 524
Guettler, W.— Zollvereiii (I), 6
Guevrin-Bonclion & Co. — France, 532
Gueyton — France, 1619
Guicbard, see Urunet, &c.
Guidotti, G.— Tuscany, 92
Guidre, L. — France, 1 247
Guiliery, Ueslandelles, & Co. — Fronce,
12R2
Guilliert & Wateau.— France, 660
Guillaume, G.— I. 153
Guillaume, J. A. — Belgium, 1
Guillaume & Son. — France, 1618
Guilleaume, see Felten & Guilleaume
Guillemot, Brotliers. — France, 251
Guillerez, A. F.— ill. 103
Guillot, J. & Co.— Sardinia, 41, 42
Guillot, J. J. A.— France, 534
Guinaet, J. B.— France, 1620
Guinart, J.— Spain, 188
Guinier, T. — France, 252
Guinness, R. — x. 341
Guinoi', N. P.— France, 1263
Guipuzcoa, Inspector of tiie Mines of
the district of — Si)a!n, 4
Guislain, C. — Belgium, 423
Ouisn, BI. — Sardinia, 23
Gulda, J. — Sweden.
Guldsmedshyttan Mines. — Sweden and
Norway, 16
Gullia, J. B.— Sardinia, 52
(I'undlach, C— Mecklenliurg-Strcliti, 4
Gundry, J. & Co.— xiv. 73
Gundry, W.— xvi. 173
Gunn, J,— v, 734
Gunn, W, — Van Diemeii's Land, 153.
2H-J
(<nn(er, see Luckliaus Si Gunter
Uiniter, R,— XXIX, 112
Guppy. J, W.— XVI. 177
Gurioke, IJ. — Zollverein (1), 73
(iiirr, C— VIII. 136
(iushlow, G.-xxx. (Fine Art Cl.)223
Guiihlow, T.— XXVI. 37a
(lutierrei de Leon, R. — Spain, 281a
(.ulheil & Co.— Zollverein (I) 459
V itta Perclia Co.— vi. 424; XXVI. 2I{
XXVIII. 83
Guy, S,— XXII. 4
Guynemer, A. sen. — France, 1018
Giivnet & Becquet. — France, 234
Guynon, see Marnclial & Giiynon
Guyon, E, — France, 1264
Gnyot, jc'c Laurenaudiere
Guyolin-Lorsignul. — France, 253
Guzman, It. — Spain, 58
Gwatkin, Eliza, see Gwatkin, Emily
Gwatkin, Emily & Eliza.— xx. 87
Gwinner, J. — Swit/eiland, SO
(■Wynne Si Hay— I. 231
Gwynne, J. S.— United Slates, 1-10
Gwythen Collieries, see Aliercain and
Gwytlien Collieries Co.
Gysi, F.— Switzerland, 85
Haug & Son. — Switzerland, 164
Haan, A. de. — Netherlands, 9
Haan, C, & .Sons.- Zollverein (I), .366
Haarhaus, J. C. & Sons.— Zoll. (I), 5tJ7
Haas & Co.— Zollv. (0), 62
Haas & Sons, Zollv. (1), 337
Haas, \. — Austria, 019
Haas, V. P.— Zollverein (4), 79
Haas, P. & Sons.— Austria, 243. 2.J9
Haase, 6. & Sons, — Austria, 367
Habenicht, A. — Austria, 376
Haberland, G. A —Zollverein (1), <)9
Uaberland, W.— Zollverein (I), 689
Uuckworth, see Fossick & Hackworth
Haddan, J. C— v. 641
Hadden, Capt, — Van Diemcn's Land,
103, 104
Hadden & Sans.— xx. 134
Haildon, J. C— XXVII. 1 14 ■
Haden, see Flatlier & Haden
Hadji Aga Balia. — Russia, 260
Hadji Babi Kelbalay Oossein Ogli. —
Russia, 53
Hadley, C— vii. 91
Hudley, sie Frosscr and Hadley
Hadley, J.— v. 860
Hadley, R.— xvi. 320
Hadrot, jun. — France, 23.)
Hadwen & Sons. — xill. 42
Huebler, see Lieske & Huebler
Haeck, 1. T.— Belgium, 341
Haegens, C. — Belgium, 228
Haeleii, Madame Van. — Belgium, 299
HaemonJ, W. — China
Haenel, Lrothers. — Zollverein (3), 133
Haeiiel, E —Zoll. (1), 284 ; (3), 152
Haenel, J.— Zoll (1), 852,
Haenle, L.— Zollverein (2), 47
Haertel, H. C— Zollverein (3), 72-83
Haese, B. — Belgium, 115
Haga Silkworm Plantation. — Sweden,
95
Hagen, A. Von. — Zollverein (1), 770
Hageu, F.— Zollverein (1), 322
Hagen, M.— Zollverein (2), 83
cxlvl
INDEX OP EXHIBITORS AND OTHERS
Hageii.T. K.— Hamburgli, 64
H»K«n Turkey-rail Dyniiig Cumpkny. —
Zullrcrelii (I), (,0i
llaK>i>>>tucli, C. ».— Kollvrrcin (1), 712
H>gg»rd, W.-x. 3.'8
HaRgAi tt Son. -XII. & xv. 103
Haglie, L. —XXX. (Fine Art Court), 80
Haglund, K.— Sweden & Norway, II
Hagilrom.— Sweden, 79
Hague, 8.— XXII. i'i(i\
Haguet, Cook, & VVorinald.- XII. &
XV. 25
Haidinger, nrotliers. — Auilria, C'JO
Haigli. J. I. 174
HaiKh & S(in«.— XII. & xv. 236
Haiglit, Mm. K.— United .Statei, 3h.1
Haindl, A.- Austria, &I7
Hainei, G.— XXVI. Ill
Haiiie<,J.— Van Dieinen't L. 298-3U3
Hainei & Sum. — Western end, Suulli
Kiiclosurt (Outiide), 4U
Haini, m< Uaumganlteu & Hain*
HnirleM, T.— IX. \ii
Ilain, see Welilier & Hnirt
Hullieard & Wellinga, xxvi. 131
Halbig, J.- ZuUverein (J). 84
Haldune & Rue.- xxir. 432
Hale, J.-- xxn. 363
Hale, J. P.— United State«, ,')33
Hale, T. k Co.— xxn. 4»6
Hale, W. S.-xxix. >J9
Haley.— V. 486
Haley, A. & C.— xi r & xv. ,W
Haley, C, tee Haley, A. & C.
Haley, J. & Son— xil. & xv. 58
Haley, W.— xx. 124
HalTern, Von, t§e Klelnsclimit, &c.
Hal ford, H.— x. ()04
Hal], $ee alio Lombard & Hall ; Roberta
& Hall
Hall, A.— IX. 158; xix. I&5
Hall, Brothert' Sloane, & Coppi.— Tui-
cany, 12
Hall & Co.— XVI. 1G4
Hall, G. F.— X. 60
Hall, II. W.— VIII. 349
Hall. J.— II. 40; viii. 150; xxix.
242; Canada, 18
Hall,J. &C0.-XIV. 61
Hall, J. S.— XVT. 163; xx. 4; xxviii.
181
Hull, J. & T.-l. 14« ; XXVII. 37, 38
Hall, J. W.— XXIV. 41
Hull, Lieut.-Col.— VIII. 271; x. 4
Hall, Messrs. — viii. 13t>
Hall, K.— XVI. 182 ; xxx. (Fine Art
Court), 317
Hall & Son.— XXIV. 70
Hall & Spear.— United States, 255
Hall, T.— III. 131 ; xxvi.63; «e« also
Hall, J. & T.
Hall, T.H.— XXII. 172
Hall,Tliomas & Co.— New S. Wales
Hall, W.— VI. 472 ; xxvii. 42
Hall, W.E. -VIII. 73
Halltt& Co.— Austria, 84
Hullam, see Worrall, Hallam, & Co.
Halle, J. Van.— Belgium, .103
Hallel)erg, L. J. — Sweden & Norway, 11
Hallen, see Cottam and Ilallen
Hullenius & Co. — Sweden & Norway, 1 1
Haller, A. — Austria, 462
Haller, F.— ZoUverein (4), 16
Haller, J. C— ZoUverein (I), 690
Ilallers, J. — Austria, 652
Hallett, see Graliam & Hallett
Hallett, G.— I. 481
Hallett, R. &Sons.— New South Wales,*
Halliday, A. P.— vi. 617
Halliday,W.— xxvin. 157
lUllidity and Cu. iv. 73
Hailing, I'eamn mid Stone, xix. 312
Hullinarke, Aldeberr, 9t Halliiiuiko.-
V. 863
Hallmeycr-Appcnicller, — SwitMrland,
246
Hallowell, Mn.— xix. 370
llally, G. XII. Si xv. 470
Haloclie. — Algeria, 27
Hulie, set Schollelii, Brown, Sit,.
Halske, M* Sienieiii & Hulike
Halslead & Sons.— IX. lOtI; XXII. 93
llamanu. A.— ^Zollverein (1), 38
Ilumanii, K. F.— France, 861
HamblorN, J.- Znllverein (IX 454
Hamliurj^er, Hogert, ft Co.— XIX. 186
Hamer, A.- xvii. H
Ilamrr, M. J. — XXX. (Fine Art Court),
11H
Hame<, set Billion & Haniei
Hamilton. — Van Diemen'i f^tMl, 7, 8 ;
aeealso Ulyth, Hamilton, and BIylli
Hamilton, C. F.— xxviil. 177
Hamilton, O. & P.— iii. 6a
Hamilton, H. «.— x. 733
Hamilton, Miss. xil. & xv. 25!>
Hamm & Co. — France, 8t;a
Mammelrath, P. H.— Belgium, 337
lliitiimerscbmidt, K.- /ollv. (2>, 18
Hanimeraley & Bentli^v — xill. 43
Hnmmeri'ey, J. A.— xvill. 71
Ilammeriley, AV., & Co. — xni. 48
Han)merton, «ee Co])e, Hammerton,
& Co.
Hammond, aee Leitch St Hammond
Hammond, N. P., & Co.— Spain, 230
Hammond, 11. — Canada, 118.
Hammond, R. C. — vii. l.'i
Hammond, Turner, &Sons — xxn. 282
Hammond, W. P., & Co.— Cbina,
Eastern Archipelago,. 2
Hamoir, set Mesliviers & Ilamoir ;
Serret, Hamoir, & Co.
Hampden, J. — xxii. 612
Hampion, se* Maukellar & Ilampson
Hampton, B. — xvii. 153
Hampton, W.— United States, 1 724
Hamren, Sophie — Sweden & Norway, 28
Hamsworth, Martha — xix. 191
Hanau, W.— ZoUverein (1), 700
Haiibury, see Truman & lianl)ury
naid)ury, K.— Sontli Africa, 20
Hanbury, E. J.— .South Africa, '-'8
Hanbury, Louisa Kmily — xxvi. 41
Hancock, see Godfrey & Hancock
Hancock, C- — xxviii. 90
Hancock, C. P.- xxiii. 112
Hancock, J. A.— Page 849; xxix. 320
Hancock, J. L. — xxviii. 83
Hancock, N. — xxvi. 23'J
Hancock, Rixon, & Hunt — x^iv. 4Ca
Han.lley, W.— V.690
Hands, J.— xxn. 263
Hands & Leavesley— iv. .34
Handyside, A. — Main Avenue, West,
85 ; XXII. 82
Hanel, C. E.— Sweden, 92
Hanesh, l)e — Belgium, 23 '
Hanfstae.igl, J. — ZoUverein (2), 8.)
Hanhart, M. & N.— xxx. (Fine Aft
Court) 64
Hanhart, N.— see Hanhart, M. & N.
Hanicq, P. J. — Belgium, '.'85
Haniei, F.— ZoUverein (1), 455
Hanley, J.— United States, 375
Hanon-Valcke, vi. 457
Hannah, A. — xxi. 31
Haimay, Major. — India, i.
Hannirigton, W.— United States, ail
Uanu — Hamburgh 58
Hanielmann, jm Troelteeh U Hansel'
niann
Hantelmann, J.- Switurland, 163
Hansen, C. U. — Denmark, 25
Ilaiiteii, J. O. — Htuiover, 5
Hansen & De Koning— xxiil. 124
Manser, J.— Austria, 482
Hanier-Kiici), St«, — Hamburgh, 123
Hanson, see Hue Sc Hanson
Hanson, C. — xix. 188
Hanson, G,— xxil. 702
Hanson, J.— xxu. 616
Hanson & Sons.— xxvi. 197
Hansotte Delloye, H. Gr— Belgium, 94
Hanseen-Hap.- BelgiNm, 257
Haractot, Tribe of llie. — Algeria, 30
Harand, E.— France, 863
Harbor, T.— xxix. 203
Harcourt, J., tee liarcourt, W, & J,
Harcourt, W. 'It J.— xxn. 237
Hardegen, G.— ZoUverein (3), 7
Harden^;— France, 335
Hardgrove, T. tt 8.— Initeil States, 2G8
Harding-Cocker. — France, 864
Harding, Daudo, St Co. — xxin. 74
Harding, E.— IX. 13
Harding, J. — xxiii. 11. ; see also Hard-
ing, J. St J. VIII. 136
Harding, J. P.— xxix. 166
Harding, Pullein, St Johnson. — VI. 102
Harding & Soi..— XXVI. 209
Harding & Standfast.— XXIX. 81
Harding, T.— XX. 211
Harding, W. & Co.— v. 8ft4
Hardinge, Lord— Pa^e 847 v
Hardman & lliffe.- -XXII. 284 \
Uardiaau, J. St Co.- -xxil. 700 ; xxvT.
532
Hardouin..— France, 86A
Hardtmuth, C. «ee Hardtmulh, L. & C.
Hardtmuth, L. & C— Austria, 35. 381.
621
Hardwen & Sons. — xill. 42
Hardwicke, W.— xxn. 496
Hardy. — Algeria, 28; see also Hird,
Dawson, Stc.
Hardy, Miss F. C— xix. 147
Hardy, O.— X. 83
Hardy, J.— x. 348
Hardy, R. E.— xxil. 131
Hardy, T.— VIII. 315; xxn. 146
Hare, J. & Co.- xix. 190
Harford, G.- xiv. 71
Hargrava, Harrison, &Co. — xxix, 147
Hargreave & Nusseys.— xil. St XV. 28
IlargreaveSjBrothers, &Cu. — xviii, 9.38
Hargreovcs, J. — New Zealand, 8
HargreavFS, VV. St Co.— xxn. 116
Harkes, D.— ix. 23
Hatkorl. C— Zollv. (1), 876
Harkort & Son.— ZoUverein (1), 45&
Harland, K.— vin. 324
Harley, G. xxiI. 660
Harloff, see Dissmar & Harloff
Harlon, VV. H. & Co. — India, xiv.
Harlow, see Pfvton & Harlowr
Harlow & Young.— v. 655
Harmer, H. R.— xxix. 168; xxx. (^Fiue
Art Court). 298
Harmer, J. jui. . — xxx. (Fine Art Court),
5G
Harmon, A. — United States, 158.
Harmswortb, Martha.— xix. 191
Haniett, J.— x. 684
Harnett, W.— x. «33
Haro, E. F.— France, 866
Har|ier. — Van Diemen's Land, 185
Harper & Moore.— xxvii. Ill)
Harjier & Sons.— xXll. 96
Harper, T.— vu. Kl
WHOSE NAMES APPEAR IN THE CATALOOUK.
cxivii
lUeh k lUiiMil*
Fine Art Court),
Harp«rath, <m Portelt & Huqwralli
Hurnicli, Count F. K. Vuii,— Auilria,
'iSi. 587
Hiirriui. P. - Zollverein (I), 798
Harrild le Sum.— VI. IS7
Harrington, O. F,— x. 721
Harrii.— Unitvil Slalet, iVi
Hurrif, firotliera.- xix. 193
Harrii, C— VI. 191
Hurrii & Flinn,— xil. & XV. 143
lUrrii, O. Sc C».— xix. VJi
Uarrii & G'nlabin. — xvii. 173
Hiirrii, H. lee Harris. S. & H,
Harrii, H. O.— xxvi. 3!t5
lliirrli,J.— I. ii ; xxx. (FiiM Art Court),
iU
Huriin, J. C— VII. 74
Hurrii, Lord. — Trinlilail
Harrii, P. O. — Jeney Sc Oiierniey, 28
Harrii, H. & Sin.— xxiv. 21
Harrii, S. & H.-xxvili. 117
Harris & Sun. — x. 14!)
Harrii & Sum.- xiv. 70 ; xx. 198
Harrii & Tumkini. — xx. 1 1 1
Harrii, VV.—PaKe 851
Harrii, W. S.— xi. 29
Harriit, Sir W. S.- viil. 150
Harriaon, see Cuinpliell, Harrison, &o, ;
Har|;rave, Harrison, & Co,
Harrison, A. P.— xvii. 202
llarrisun, Ain*lie, & (X — i, 405
Harrisuii, C. C— United Staten, '^23
Harrisun, C. \V. & J. J.— x. 420
Harrison, J.— i. 491; vi. 18; x. 464,
464a; XIX. 194; xxiii. :i7
Harrison, i.S.see Harrison, C. W. .Sc J,J.
Harrison, J. P.— xxx. (Fine Art Court),
305
Harrison, Mari^aret. — xxix. 304
Harrisun, R, & J. — iv. 0
Harrison, T.— xix. 85
Harrison, W.— xxil. 5./9 ; xxx. I SO
Harrison's Wood Carving Co. — xxvi.
222
Harrold, T.— XXVI. 117
Hurrop, see Craven & Harrop
Harrnp, Taylor, Sc Pearson. — xui. 62
Harruwi, G. — xvi. 43
Hart, see Walker & Hurt
Hart, C.-ix. 72
Hart, G.— XIX. 81
Hurt, H.— VIII. 245
Hurt, J. - - VI. 30:J ; XHI. 76 ; Cape of
Good Hojie, 67
Hart, L. J.— Belgium, 441
Hart,Montgoniery, &Co. — United Stoten,
260
Hurt & Sons.— XXII. C36
Hurt, VV. & Co.— X. 113
HUrtel, H. C— ZoUverein (3), 72. 83
Hurler & Huben, — Hamburgli, 87
Hartig, J.— Austria, 212
Hartley, KUzulielli.— xvi. 6
Hartley, J.— xvi. 166
Hartley, J. & Co.— xxil. 700; xxiv.
.100; Soutli-East corner (United
States ilejiartment)
Hartley .<; Son.— xii. & xv. 61
Hartley, T. H. — xxvil. 12
Hurtmun, see ^. iier & Hurtmoii
Hurtmaun & Co — France, 257
llartmaiin, L. — .\ustria, 675. 742
Hurtmann, L. & Co. — Switzerland, 230
Hartmann & Sons. — France, 256
Hurtmann, J. J.— ZoUverein (2), 73
Hartog, Hrotliers. — Belgium, 224
Hartog, C. H.— Hamburgli, 115
Harton, see Walts & Harton
Harltree, E. & G.— xix. I'Jj
Harttree, G. see Harttree, £. & G.
Harliiii((, !<•« 0|uiflrilM>n' jc Haitung
Hurlweek, K. Friiiice, ^07
Harvey, A. xxx. (Fitie Art Court),
86
Harvey h Co.— xxill. 92 ; see also Pricf
& Harvey
Harvey, I).— v, 092 i viil. 159
Harvey, F.— xxx. (Fine .Art Court), 31
Harvey O. -xxil. 440
Harvey H.- xxiX. If >
Harvey, J.— V. 946
Harvey, J. K -MX. 197} xxx. (Fine
ArtConr'^ 1 9
Harvey &:>iiiglii,— xix. 106
Harvey, T. & Son.- viii. 136
Harveys & Tail.— IX. I«
Harvey, W.-x. 47
Harwar, J.— x. 493a
Harwood, Hon. — Canada, 14
Hose, J. H.— Netlierlands, 31
Haieldfii. — xxvi. 9.'>
Haseloll Co.— ZoUverein (1), 713
HttsencKver & .Sons.— Zollv. (1), 631
Haskell, Merrit, & Buel.—Uniteil Slates,
340
Hasketh.— V. 205
Huslam, W.— xxil. 421
Haslem, J,— xxiii, 97 ; xxx. (Fine Art
Court), 237
Haslem, T.— xxill. 72
Hass & Co. -ZoUverein (6), 62
Muss& .S,>n9.~Zollvereiu (I), 357
Hussun-Oosle-Neflali-Ugli. — Kuisia,253
Hasse, K.— xxx. (Fine Art Court), 250
Huslinga, Brolbers. — xii. &xv. lOU
Hastings, J. — viii. 114
Hastings Sc Mellor.— xvil. 85
Hastings, S.— xxviii. 3
Huswell, R.— VIII. 259
Hutch, Caroline. — xix. 202
Hulfleld, J. A.— xxx. (Fine Art Court),
135
Hathaway, Mrs,— XX. 160
Hatmel & Ellis.— ll. 10 (Main Ave-
nue, West)
Halt, C— VIII. 16, 136
Hatterslev, Parkinson, & Co.— XIV. 36
Huttersley, W.— ii. 110; v. 701
Hanch, A.— Zollvercin (1), 792
Huueisen & Son. — Zollvereiu (4), 58
Hauel, J.— United States, 4
Haugliter, V. — viii. 295
Huulick, F.- ZoUverein (1), 413
Huupt, L. — Austria, 2^6
Hauschild, see Paiisa & Hauschild
Hauser, J. — Austria, 482
Hauser, J. de.T. — Switzerland, 172
Huussman, see Ziegler & Haiissman
Haussmnnn, L. — Zullvprein (3), 173a
Havenner, T. H. & Brothers United
States, 322
Mawcroft & Sons, — xjill. 135
Hiiwes, (J. K.— United States, 153
Hawke, E. H.— i. 52C; xiv. 54
Hawker, Cul, P.— vii(. 203, 234
Hawkes & Co. — viii. '^12
Hawkins, see Mottram & Hawkins
Hawkins, B. W. — xxii. 611; xxx,
(Fine Art Court), 132
Hawkins, Cnpt. — India, viil.
Hawkiiiii, G. — xxx. (Fine Art Court.),
80
Hawkins, J.— XVI. 57; xxii. 318. 174
Hawkins, S. — xxvi. 237.
Hawkins, T. — xxviii. 200
Hawks, Crawsliay, & Co. — vii. 86
Hawks, W. R.— VIII. 130a.
Huwksworlh, A. — viii. 53
Hawksworth, Eyre, & Co. — xxni. 35
Hawley, J. & T,— XXVIII. 101.
Huwley, T.-sM Hnwley J. ti T,
Hawranek, C- Austria, <15
Hawthorn k Co, v. II
lluwthorn, R. & W. -v. 5.10
Hawthorn, W. see Hawthorn R. & W.
Iluwihorne, J, - II. ,39; xvii. 7
Iluxworth & Carnley.— XIV. 30
Hay, ste Gwynn* tt Hay
Hay, J. IX. 2.VJ.;
Huy, J., Right Hon. Lord. — Viii.
136
Hay, J. fc J.— XXVI. loo
Hay, W.-X. 376
Uiyball, A.— XXVI. 344
Haycrurt, W. T.— V. 151
Hayday, James.— XVII. 106
Huyden, J,— xxviii. 13a
Haydcii, W.- United States, 38C
Haydter, S. —Austria, 311
Hayem,sen. — France, 1265
Hayes, Miss E, J. - xix. 330
Hayes, J.— ix. 117
Hayes, M.— ix. 208a
Hayes, P. & Co.-u. 75
Haypz, M. — Belgium, 276
Huyncs, J.— xxil. 584
Huyot, Jules Joseph.— France, 258
Huyler, F. S.-xiX. I9S
Hayter, SirC— XXIII. 97
Hayllniru, J. W.- XI. 25
iliiyward, llruihcrs. - X. 298; XXll. S82
Huyward, G. — ix. 114
Haywaril, H. J.— xxx. (Fine Art
Court), 337
Hayw.ird Rubber Co.— United States,
294
Hayward & Sons.— xiv. 44; see also
Hayward, C. L. & W.
Haywood, see Yates, Huywood, & Co.
Haywood, H. & II — xxvii. 127
Haywood, J. — Western end. South en-
closure (outside), 22; xxil, 97
Haywood, M.— xxix. 38
Haywood, Mary.— XX. 148
Haywood, R. see Haywood, II. & R.
Haywood & Son.^xxil. 647
Kiywood, W. see Haywood, E, L.
& W.
Hazatt, U.— United States, 16
Hazelton, see Doe, Hazeltun, & ('o.
Heal & Son.— IV. 59 ; xix. 390
Heald, see Barlow & Heald
Heald, B.— xix. 269
Heald, H.— xix. -^95
Heuly, J. —XII. & XV. 259
Heuphy. — New Zealand, 27
Heaps, J. K.— X. 510
Hearder, J. H.— vii. 205
Hearder, J. N.— X. 439
Heasman, W. — xxvi. 52
Heath, G.— X. 351 ; United States, 0
Heath, J.— v. 868
Heath, S. H.— XVI. 195
Heath & Burrow. — South '-.istralia, 9
Heuton, see Pease & Heatun
Heaviside, J. — xviii. 91
Heblilelbwuite & Lister.— xii. & XV. 96
Heliert, L. A.— France, "69
Hebert & Son.— France, 1621
Hel)rides, Schoiil in the. — xx. 191
Hechinser, H. ZoUverein (2), 60
Uecht & Arnold.— ZoUverein (4), 27
Hecke, Der A. T. Van.— Belgium, 480
Heckel, sen. & Co. — France, S70
Heckel, C. F.— ZoUverein (I). 430
Heckel, T. A.— ZoUverein (Si, 8
Hecker, see Bockmiihl, Scbei[)er, &c.
Hecker Brothers. — United States, 114
Hecker & Tusch.— ZoUverein (3), 96
Heckmann, C. — ZoUverein (1) 52
I 2
rxlviii
IXDF.X OP KXniHITOUH AND OTtfERS
llrclKUmI, G.- XXIV. OU
Ili'ilinKi'r C. /iilltfi'i'iii (4), 09
ilfilUy, (1— VIII. .'107 i XXII. ^77
Hrilluiiil, J. - .'twrilrii & Nurwuy, 1 1
Hi'ol, \'aii, M« Vliuriitfi'li, Vuii, \ uii
HMty & 8<>iM.- XXII. 3UA
Hmiicii, Npiiiiiiiig Kclioul,— Zullvtreiii
Hmih., J. II. X. CIS
lUfl'orilft r.ic<>r. XVI. I.V).
IlrHriilMitli, A.— Audrm, dt)8
H<-kI«, C. HelKium, .'ilH
Hriiliivk. r,. A.— /ollvrr<-iii (I), 3.15
llri<lwrill<-r & .Soiia.— Z»1I. (I), S'JII
Hailliriiiiii, L. — /i)llver«iii (i), 01
llviliKeiitliikl & C.I. -Kruiiue. '^.)9
ilfiniliinxrr.— ZiillvarMiii (I), 8tt3
Ilfiiie, U.T.— Il.iniliiiiKli. -Il
lleiiiig, J. U. & Sum.— Zullvorein (I),
nii
Heiiiiitrr, J. — .Swilzeiliiiid, 12-1
Heiiiixcli, ]{.— IJiiilfil Nliitvt, 108
lleiiike, C. K.— \ll. 33
Hi-ihlfiii, C. v.— /(.Ilveieiii (•.'), 20
llviiiricli. — Ziillvcreiii (I), 'H
Ileiiirixii J. /ullv«r«iii (1), 857
Huiiilre, «re Itfyer & Ileiiilru
HeiiiUc, L.— XVI. 2!)U
lleiiiUe 8i Freiiileiiliurtj.— xvi, 299 ;
/.illvrrpiii (1), Mi
II«iii(zniaii, A. — iSullvrreiii (I), 233.
.17-i. (i3i. 829 ; /ullveteiii (3), (i7.
72-8;». 101
Tieiiiivii, Brutlivn.- Aixtiin, 20
Hi'irilnimiii.— Zollveiein (I), (117
ilpiicliiiiikiin, A. — /ullvcreiii (I), 763
Hviscr, F. L.— Hainburgli, 26
Huileiiivier.T.— Zullvereiii (I), 486
Hike, I).— Kuulu, 13.'. 329
Hell.iK, J.-Zollverpiii (2), 87
Hrlliruiiner, O.— France, 'Jtio
Helbroiiner, R.— xix. 199
Heltl,K.— Zollvereiii (2), 65
Helena, St. Agricultuiul Suciely. — St.
Helena, 2
Helfn'i, St. Piute and Sheet Glau
Work*. — XXIV. 60
Helia, J.— Aiiatria, 331
Heljeitrand, C. V. — Sweden & Norway,
II
Hell, F.— A nutria, 152
Hell, G.— Anslriii, 200
Ui'Ucl'or* Iron Wurki. — Sweden & Nor-
way, 4
Heller, see Scliwcitzer & Hellor
Heller, C.~ ZoliverCMi (J), 77
Hellin(f,0. & Co.— Z.dlverein (.1), 112
Hellmunn, .1, — ZuUverein (0), 34
Hellyer&Son.- XXX. (Fine ArtCt.)61
Helm, A. — Austria, 518
llelme, W.— xii. & XV. 207
Helraioli, F. A.— Austria, 539
Helps, Miu.— XX. 168a
Hflwetr, Hons. — Zollverein (3), 159
Helwert, J.— Zollverein (4), 24
Hely, A. A.— VIII. 13; xxil. 004
Hemeni, N. J.— xxviii. I'JS
Heminijway, A. W. — ii. 24
Hemming, K.— xx. 28
Hemmini;, (i. — v. 134
Hemming, H. — xxii. 331
Hemminijway, A. — v. 574
Hempliill, W. D.— xxviii. 158
Hemsley, T.— viii. 100
Hemswortli & Linley. — xvi. 20
Henderson. — v. 765 j ix. 42; Canada,
168, 187 ; see also Fox, Henderson,
&Co.
Henderson & Co.--xix. 200
H>'ndvr«in, H.-Cuiiail», 145
llviidiMsiiii,.!.- viil, 3UU| Canada, IU7
Honileraon, K, — IV. XV
Hoiidersori, T. — Canada, 174
Hendersun k Widi.ell.- XIX. 201
M'-ndlry, Ii. -United Slates, 583
HeiiilrlclM, F. Zollverein (I), 307
lUndrie, K. XXIX. 10
Hendy, J. VII. 181
il-nkels, J. A. /ollvervin (1), 187
Henley, W. T. X. 428
llenn He Hradley.- xxil. 31)1
Hennault, l)e. — lielitium, 183
Heniieliertf, F. K. & Co.-Zoll. (1),
772
Hennecart, J. F,- Franct, 1260
Heinienian & Malone. — x. 297
Hrnnequin.- France, 1623
llenniKi se< Waltlier, Hennittf & Co.
Henni|ie fi Wiese,— Zollverein (I), 691
Henning.— Hunuver, 1
lIvniiinK, J.— vi. 43 ; xiv. 16
Henor.— France, 261
llt'iirard, M.-- Belgium, 140
Henri, J.- France, '.'02
Henri, P.— France, 871
Henriques, A. — Prrlugal, :I64
Henry, see Himon & Henry
HcMry, A. «t 8. & (^i. xii. & XV.38
Henry, C- France, 5:16
Henry & Co.— xxil. 532
Henry, F.— France, 1622
Henry, H. F. -France, 1267
Henry, P. — Ilelgium, 283
Henry, S.— United Stule% 508; «ee
also Henry, A. & S. & Co.
Henry & Sons.-- XI. 13
Henrys & Co.— x. 5(18; xxill. 131
Heiisel, C. J.— Ilumliurgh, 40
Hensetli, J.--Zollv< reiti (2), 76
Henslow, Ilev. J.— see Ipswich Museum
Committee
Hensman & .Son.^ix. 149
Henson,H. H.— v. 532
Henson, J. — Canada, 79
Henson, W. «.— XVI. 133
Henton, J.— IX. 191
Heiapatli.— X. 280
Heran, P. de las.- Spain, 161
Hcranlt. — France, 8/2
Herbert, sec Holmes, Herbert, & Arthur
Herbert & Co.— xix. 28
Herbert, Mrs. — XXIX. 301
Herbert, F. P.— Austria, 30
IIerl)ert, J. — Austria, 32
Herbert, J. W.— Canada, 18a
Herbert, Right Hon. S.— I'age 834
Herliert, W.— xxvi. 67
Herdmun, W. G.— xxx. 343a
Herdt, J. U.— Aus(rii, 6'J4
Herford Prison (Westplialia), Director!
of.— Z.''verein(l), 721
Herinck, F.— Belgium, 43
Heriot, see Huxley & Ueriot ; Huxley,
Heriot, & Co.
Heiiot, K. T.— United States, 172c.
Hermann, see Graetzur & Urrniann ;
Holler, Hermann, & ('o.
Hermann, A.— xxiii. 90
Hermann, C. — Zollverein (1), 435
Hermann, F. — Switzerland, 194
Hermann, F. G. & Son.-Zoli. (3), 122
Hermann, G.— France, 873
Hermann, J. W.— Zollverein (3), 139
Hermanniitadt Associated Furriers. —
Auslriii, 347
Hermaimstadt Cloth-makers' Associa-
tion.— Austiin, 214
Hermaimstadt I^atlier-cutters' Associa-
tion.— Austria, 345
Hetmaiinstoill Ho|it.mahei('Assocl.klioti.,,^
— Austria, 277
11 'rniao'Mtedt Siioeiimkeis' Association.
.'. *lri.i, 310
ii' ■! i"i|-' ,:'* t'leurinu C<nidlii C'olii-
I'.'i. — Aiifliiii, 12
liei ' 'I t.iMl 'i'w'f Unluii.— Autiria,
a; . , ;»: 'i; 600»
Heriiie. France, 537
Hermes, Uroliieiir, ''j, WollTers,— ZulW.
..('),52d
iternandfi, J. — Spain, 230
Herold, C. Ii- Z.dlverein (3), Iff
Herrensehmidt, (i. V. Franre, ft'M
llerriik, J. K.- Unileil .Hla(e^ 5UJ
Herring, C,- vil. 0(1; xxvi. 379
Herring, H. C. - United .Stain, 124
Herring Si Sons.-xxvi. 205
Htrrioi, I.. -France, 1708
Her»latt & Co.- Zollverein (I), 427
Hertirig, C.- Hanover, 9
Hertz. I. 21
Herve, lirolhers. — Frunre, 1624
Heivieu, A.— XXVI. Hay i. 20
llvrz, H. France, 1208
llerxig, J. St, Son. — Austria, 201
Hi'rilii'b, F.— Austria, 140
Her74ig, K. -Austria, 76
Hexelle, J. A. de. Belgium, 203
Hcsnuult & Brollier.- Belgium, 273 {
Hess, G.— France, 203
Hess, L.- Switzerland, 241
Hess, H.- X. 648
Hess.T. A.— Netherlands. 108
Hesse- Darmstadt, Hoiird of Agricultui*
of.— Zollverein (6) »3
Hesselink, W. F.— Netherlands, (!()
Helheringlon, T. & C>u.— xxil. 351
Helley, J. H. & Co.— xxiv. 2
Helt, A.— X. 249
Uetzer, Kriist, & Son.— Zollv. (.1), 64
Henkensfeldt, I.— Netherlands, 42
Heunheuse, De. — Belgium, 02
Huureuse, C. D'.— Zollverein (1), 214
Heurteloup, Baron. — x. 660
Heiisschen, Van, Keckhoudt, & Co. —
Belgium, 310
Heuveldop, H. — Netherlands, 10
Hewett & Co.— China.
Hewitt, D. C— X. 900
Hewitson, «ee Kilson, Thompson, &c.
Hewitson, J. — x. 152
Hewitt, H. B.-xxii. 395
Hewlett, A.— XVI. 23S
Heworth Chemical Works (Newcastle-
upon-Tyne). — II. 27
Hews, G.- United Stales, 438
Hey.— Zollverein (1),2«
Heydenreich. — Zollverein (1), 443
Heyl, C— Zollverein (6), .32
Heyl, C. W.— Zollverein (6), 73
Heyl, J. F. & Co.- Zollverein (1), 44
Heyler, Mary.— France, 539
Heymann, C— Zollverein (IX 290. 373
Ueymann, G. F.— Zollverein (3), 30
Heymami, J. D. — Hamburgh, 7a
Heymann & Alexander. — XIX. 23
Heyn, Kmma.— six. 178
Hey nig, tee Beck and Hevnig.
Heynig, J. G. & Co.- Zollv. (3), 57
Heynsbergen, W.J. Van, — Netherlands,
102a
Heys, see Filliott and Heyg
Heywood, Higginbottonu, Smith, & Co.
—XXVI. 71
Heywood, J. — xvil. 83
Heywood, W.— x. lOlA
Hil)bcrt, Plutt, & Sons.— vi. 1
Hilibert, T.— xiv. 39
Hick, B. & Sou.- V. 13 ; vi. 1. 218
WnoSF. NAMES APl'KAR IN THK CATALOOUE.
cxixlx
•kvitAttucUliim.,
k«i«' Auoclution.
M CiiiilU C'kiii*
Uiiitiii,— Auitria,
A'ulfTvri. -Kullv.
ri
llickrv ft Tull.— Uiillril .Stutri, 5H
Hickliiitr, w« IttcklcM & iliukliiig
Ilirkinuii Si Clivi*. XXII, S(7I
Hivkmuii, ll.&Co. XXVII. 107
Hirki, <J.— UiiitrtlNlulM, di'J
Hiuki, II. XVI. 84
llirki, T.--I. 101
IIick«<iii k Hi — xvt, 102 (Main
Avfiiii)', Went)
HiiliUii, T. XVI. 313
lliilri, KliiaU'tli. - XVII. 17
HiflUii (wiiK or ill* lui* Kliiu). —
AiKiiiii, 'i7'<
Ilii'rtit & Mioliiiolioii.— Swfilrn, 00
llirr«rlili«r|(«r, it.- Aiiitriu, 413
lliflrl, J. A.- Zollvetein (3), lOSn
HiKKiiilHiiImn), U. & W.- XXII. 188
lliKKiiili<illiuiii,l..<'.-i;iiit«'il8ruln,-.23l
HiKKiiibutlmiii, \V., fM Iliggiiilioiliam,
U. k W.
lliKt{*i>''<'i'"n>*> 1" Hvywooil, &o.
HiKKiiKi K,— XXIII. 1 13
Hi|{'(ini, P. 11.- Cniiaila, \M
lliKKi>l*A(8iiliii,— VI. II
II ilOfiiiiun, (iiivrriinr.— Ani igiia.
Hi«lil»y, 8.- X. 7'.'7
HiKliUy, H.jun.-i. 23. !18
HiKliton.- X. 43J
HiiilfliruiiiJ, A. — FruncF, S40
IIilil«liriuiil, {', G, — HiiniliiirKli. 3
Hilileltrunil, C. L,— Httiiiliiiruli, AU
IIilililcli& HopwiiiHl.— XXV. 17
Hilvr, .S.— Uiiiteil Stutei, 318
llilltrr, Drollieii.- Z»ll.(l), 498. 674
IIil|;«r>, C - Kollvrreiii (I), 660
Hiliirrt & .Soni.- iSiillvi-rriii (I), 631
Hill, (fs CliliUm, Hill, & Co.; Slifp-
lirni, Hill, &c.; Watkin* & Hill
Hill, B.— XIX. 3U3
Hill, C. J. k Son.- Uiiileil Stain, 107
Hill &C0.-XIX. 204
Hill. I). ().— XXX. (Fine Art Cnuit),."?©©
Hill, K. & Co. - IX. NO ; xxit. Ua
Hill, R. k W. I)e la llue.-xvii. 76
Hill, Evoni, & Ct).— VI. 619
Hill, O.-xvi. 8
Hill, J.— XXII. 335
Hill, J. &C0.-XIII. 23
Hill, J. v.- 1, :^ti. 210 ; XXI. 47 ; United
State*, 364 ; ue alsu Hill, O. k J.
Hill, L. M.— XX. 107
Hill, 0.& J.— VII. 124
Hill, 8.— VII. 68
Hill &StoiiF.-v. 970
Hill,. W.—v. 94
Hill, W. k Co. X. S3«.
Hillm, P.— IV. 28
Hilliuid & Cliiipniuii.— XXI. 33
Hilliard & Tlioniiuon. — xxiil. 29
Hillier, O.— xxx. 351
Hillmun, A. — Sweilen and Norway, 31
Hillman, F.— Zollvrreiii (i), 160
Hillman, J.— XXII. 1ft
Hill», F. C.-il. 23
Hilli& Underwood. — iii. 7
Hillyer, V.— United States, 343
Hill, Haa«, & Co.— ZoUveiein (4), 53
Hilton, J. & W.— Canada, 123
Hilton, John. — x. 625
Hilton, W. «ee Hilton, J. & VV.
HinclicliflTe, J.— xxii. 224
Hinclilill & Co.— XXVI. 310
Hincliliff, «. see Hiiicliliir, J. & G.
Hincldiir, J. k G.- xil. k XV. 119
HinchlilVe & S<in.— xil. & xv. 93
Hiiicki, W'ellii, & Co.— XXII. 326
Hinde, R. & F.— xii. k xv. 313
Hinde,F. see Hinde, K. & F.
Hiiide, J. G.— XXVIII. 1!I6
Hiiidenlang.— France, 1269
Hiiidliaii){li, iMiiiy. XIX. 205
Hindley«(N.ini. xviti. 15; MX. 206)
XXVI. 2ua
Nine, K.— xxx. (Pint Art Coiitt), 20 1
Hiiiv, J.- XXIX. 47
Hiuite, J.-v. 714
Hinki, II.— VIII. 1.10
llinton, C- X. Oa
Hinlae, m« I'lietiK^li k IlintM.
Hipi), M« Duyii, Hipp, k Co.
Ilird, Duwuin, k lliidy.— xxil. 83
Hiron, tte CurtwiiKlit k Hiron.
Iliricli k Uroilirr.— I'lirliigul, 28. 32.
01. 08. 77. 50.1. '.185
Hir>i-lie, F.— AiHtriii, 130
Hirtcliel & Miiivrbi.- AiKtria, 1*3
IlirKhreld, J. B.-Zollvereiii (3), 180
Ilirlcldiurn, tee Ullmnir, Hiricliliorn, &
Co.
UinliemlorfT, «e« Hirilimaii, llirilien-
dorlT, &c.
Hirilimuii. — Riiuia, 34-114
Hirdimann, Hiriliendorf)', k Ravitcli. —
Kuuia, 70
Iliralimunn & Kijeviki.— RumIo, 20
Hint, ite Kurnlcot k Hint
Hitcli, M.— xviii, 89
Hitchcock, Dr. U. K.— United Stutci,
518
HitclicDik, W. T..— United Statei, 370
Hitt, T.— VIII. 190
Hivri Jk AtkiiDon.- iv. 43
Hjorth, .S.— Denmark, 47
Hjuln Quarry. — Sweden and Norway,
43
Hoiullev, G.— XXIV. 82
Hoadley & Pridie.— xii. k XV. 128
Hoare, M.— XXX. (Fine Ait Court), 108
Holiun, M.— xxvii. 38
Molmrt k Rohins.— United States, 300
Hohbi, W.— xviii. H3
HoImoo. F.— United Statei, 277
Hoby, G.— XVI. 20a
Hobv, J. W.— V. 614
Horhberger, J. — Austria, 14
Hockeiidon, J. — xxvi. 60
llockin, C— xxil. 392
Hockley, see Sinclair it Hockley
Hoddick, \V.— Zollverein (1), 598
Hodge & Butley.— V. 29
Hodge, W.— XXIX. 313
Hodges, B. J.— V. 103
Hmlges, R. K.— Viii. 269 ; xxviii. 72
Hodges & Sons. — ix. 110; xxii. 41:7
Hodgei, T.— xvi. 184; xxti. .il9
Hodgion & Huley. — vi. 3b
Hodgion. M.— VIII. 316
Hodgson, R.— V. 143
Hodgion, T.. jun. — xx. 159
Hodion, xee MiCulliini & Hodiun
Hodson, Sir G.. Hart.— i. 123
Hodion, J.— viil. 50. 130
Hodson, J. S.— XVII. 166
Hoe, H. — Sweden & Norway, 8
HoefTer, C. F.— Zollverein (3), 41
Hoett'ken, ««« Hoeltring & Hoell'ken
Hoehn & Baumann. — Switzerland, 133
Hoehn & Sraenb'.:. -.Switzerland, l.')3
lloeller, A. & E.— Zollverein (1), 637
Hueller, E. see Hoeller, A. & K.
Hoeltring & HoelVken.— Zull. (I), 662
Hoen, J. li.— France, 264
Hoeniiighuus & Sons. — Zull. (I), 319
Hocpfner, J.— Aiisiria, 128
Hoerkeiis, H. I.— Zollverein (I), 554
Hoesch & Son.— Zollverein (1), 392
Hiiesel, K, — Zollverein (3), 8(i
Hoey, S. P. Van.— Belgium, 106
Holer, H. & Co.— France, 875
Holer, L. Vou.— Zollverein (4), 105
Hiir*r.P.~Auilria, 510
Hnr«r, Von.— Zollvmiii (1), 105
H>mniin,C.-Zollv«ein (3), I'J
HoUnmn, F.innniiel.— Switirrland I ."tl
HolVniaii, G.J. Zollverein ( t ), -t 10
HolTmMnn, C. W.— Zollvriein (I), 430
HnlTiimnn, K.— Zollverein (I). 110
Homnann & Klx'rhaidl.- Zoll, ( 1), 88
Hullinanii, F.- Zollverein (.3). .'1)1
lloiriimnn, F. A. ft Co. Zoll. (.')), 193
llofl'iiiann, C k G.- Austria, 49
HolTinann, G. W. -Zollverein (6), 14
Hollinanii k Hon. — Zollverein (5), 10
HMll'ineisler, T. & Co. Zoll. (1), 77J
Hol'inaiMi, W. — Austria, 090
HoCriclilHr, C— Austria, 044
llogan, J. xxx. (Srnlptine Court), 14
liogarty, Hrullivrs. xvi. 1,1
Holiwiesner, lee Minoprio, kc,
Hohwn, A.— Netherlands, 80
K •'••'• jhe, M. M.-Portugal. 451. 944
llolU'ck,J.JkCo.-xxiii. 112
Holbrook, J N.— viit. 0
Hollirouk k Stanley.— United Statei,
204
Holch, W.-Zollverein (4), IR
Hold, A.— XXVI. t3
Hidden, II. A.— XXll. 3^8
Ilolden, 3.k Co. - xiv. 1
Holder, T. M.— Zollverein (4). 100 ;
Holdeieifger, C. — Swilitrlaiid, II13
Holdernesae, (',— x. 482
Holdich, G. M. II.- X, 357
Holding, Mrs. Sybeliu,— xxx. (Fine Art
Court;, 217
Holdsrorlh k .Son.— xill. 01
Huldsworili & Co.— XII. k xv. lOQ (
XIV. 93
Iloldswortli, J.— XII. k XV. 1U5a
Holgate, J.— XXII. 490
Holl, F. U.-x. 13
Hoi I, J. & Co.— VIII. iro
Holliiuiby, 11.— XXIX. 41
Uollund, tee Kust, l..undon, ke,
Holland, C— AuKtriii, 600; Zollverein
(1), 92S. 716. 731. 781 j (:i), 23. 09.
1:^8. ItiO
Hollunil k Unini. — Canada, 192
Holland, H.— xxix. 131
Holland k Son.— xxiv, 63
Holland & Sons.— xxvi. 161
Holland, T.— VII. 132; xxil. 002
Holland, T. & Co.— xx. 194
Holland, W.— xxvi. 407
Holland, \\\ & Sous.— xxvi. 62a
Hollanders, D'. — llelgiuni, 91
Holli-nliach, A. — Austria, t4lB
llollenliacli, D. — Auittriii, 981
Holliday, 11,— xxii. 448
Ilolliiis, P.— Pagi' 840
Hollins, S.— XIX. 30 ; xx. 90
Hollini, W. & Co.- XI. 36
Holloway & Co.— United Slates, 514
HoUowuy, Pliujlie.— xix. '^07
Holloway, T. J.— xiv. 74
Holm.— VI. 162
Holmlilad, L. P.— Denniaik, 27
Holmcr,S.— xxx, (Fine Art Court), 231
Holmes, sec Allen & Holmes
Holmes, C. — XXII, 130
Holmes, Caiitain.— XXII. 12
Holmes k Co.— xil. & xv. 280
Holme,, G. L.- United Slates, 316
Holmes, Herbert & Artlmr, — v. 872
Holmes, J.— VII. 170 ix. 9(lA ; XIX.
208
Holmes, J. & Co. — xx. 84
Holmes, J. K.— United States, 331
Holmes & Sons.-
107
IX. 241 ! XII. &xv.
cl
INDEX OF EXHIBITORS AND OTHERS
i
Holmei, T. — xvi. 1 6
Holmes, W. H.— British Guiana, 130-
132
Holms, Brolliers.— XII & xv. 288
llolroyd & Co.— xii. & xv. 103
Hulste, Mr, — Austria, 143
Holsteiii, J. P.— France, 876
Holt, E.— IV. 128
Holt. J.— XXIII. lOfi
Hnlthau», see Sclimits & Ilultliaiii
Holtum, W.— VIII. 20
HoltwptTel & Co.— IV. U ; vi. 232
Holtzstarnm. F.— Zollvereiii (1), 48
Holwell.— Canada, 101
Holylaiid, see Rogers, Lo»ry, &c.
Holzapfel, C. — Denmark, 4 1
Homau & Co.— xx. 17
Homberg & Sulieil>ler.— Zollv. (1), 339
Homer, K. L.— United States, 504a
Mommel-Esser, F. — Switzerland, 81
Honaeur, F. — Austria, 21.5
Honegger, H. — Switzerland, 153
Honiball, J. — viu. 95
Honig, B. C. & F.— Netherlanils, 59
Hoiiig, F.. see Honi);, B. C. & F.
Houig & Son. — Netherlands, GO
Hoiiore, E. — France, 877
Hont, J. D.— Belgium, 200
Hood, see Martin & Hood
Hood, J. H.— XVII. 157
Hond, K. \, — Van Diemen's Land,
111-120. 126. 127. 129. 165, 160.
345
Hood, S. — XXII. 1
Hoogeboom, J. J, & Son. — Netherlands,
37
Hoogen, T. Van der. — Netherlands, 26
Hooghstiiel, L. F. — Belgium, 422
Hook, J.— XVI. 114
H(H)k's Iron Woiks. — Sweden, 78
Hooke, T.— VII. 80
Hool, Mary. — xxix. 87
Hoole, Itobson, & Hoole.— xxii. 140
Hoomans, sec Pardoe & Hoomans
Hoop, J. Van der, & Co. — Netherlands,
24
Hooper & Co. — New Zealand, 30
Hooiier, C. & Co.— XII. & xv. JlO
Hooper, F. see Hoo()er, S. 8i F.
Hooper, G. — v. 874
Hooper, G. Carroz, & Solourier.—
France, 1025
Hooper, H. N. & Co. — United States,
4ay
Hoojier, W. jun, — v. 196
Hooper, \V. H. — vii. & Hopcroft
Hopcrol't, see Greasleyiiie, & Ilopa
Hope, see Piiider, Bourne, & Hope
Hope, A. J. B. Esq., M.F.— Page 849
Ho|)e, G.C.-XIX.209
Hope, H.T. (M.l'.)— xxiii. 73 (Main
Avenue, East)
Hopkins, H. — xxvi, 234
Hopkins, J. M.— United States, 192
Hopkins, U.P.-xxvi. 139
Hopkins & Son. — xxvi, 154
Hopkins & Williams. — ii. il
llopkinson & Cope. — v .^a
Hopkinson, J. sen. — vii. 104
llopkinson, J. & J.— x. 500
Hopkinson, Jonathan. — British Guiana,
159
Hopley, E.— XXX, (Fine Art Court\
206
Hopwood, see IliMilcli & Ilopwood
Hupwood & Armstrong.— VIII. 68
Hopwood, H. -II. lUO
Horan, H,— iv. 103
Hore, W.--XX1X. 1 jl
Horn, A.— VII, 67
Horn, H.— VIII. 161
Horn, Mrs. — Sweden & Norway, 29
Hornaii & Co. late Hodgers& Sou. — xx.
17
Horiiboslel, C, 6. & Co.— Austria, 262
Hornby and Kenworthy. — vi. 20
Home.— I. 17; xxii. 255
Home, J. — X. 575
Home, R. — xxvi. 32
Home, T.— XXII. 275
Home. Thornthwaite, & Wood,— x. 220
Home, ">V. y. WoM ; A.tvin, iGO
Horner, G. — xxx. 364
Hornig, C. E.— Zollverein (1). 722
Hornsby & Son, — ix. 233
Hornung, C. C, — Denmark, 30
Horrix, M. 5s W.— Netherlands, 97
Hurrix, W. see Horrix, M. & W.
Horrockses, Miller, & Co.--xi. 60
Horry, W. B. C— United States, 320e
Horsey, J. — xxvm. 188
Horst'all, J.— XXII. 334
Horsfall, J. G. & Co. — xil. & xv.
174
Horsfall, Mrs, — xxvi. 56
Horsky, F.— Austria, 123
Horsteiner, see Neuner & Horsteincr
Horstman, J. — Zollverein (1), 691
Horstmann & C ). — Zollverein (1), 462
Horticultural ;joci«ty of London. —
China.
Horton, A.— XXII. 674
Hbsch & Sons.— Zollverein (1). 863
Hosken, K. — Western end (Outside),
75; 1.466.472; xxix. 185
Hosking, H.— I. 4'i6, 472
Hosking, K.— V. 201
Hoskings, Ann. — xxix, 72
Hoskins, J. — viii. 'iJ2
Hiisterey, G.— Zollverein (1), 648
Host in, — France, 265
Hostmann, C. — Hanover, 2
Hotchkiss, G.— United States, 94
Ilotclikiss, H. G, & L. B.— United
States, 150
Hotchkiss, L. B. see Hotchkiss, H. G. &
L. B.
Hoiclikiss & Prescott.^United States,
154
Hotchkiss, W,- -United States, 342
Hotham & Whiting.— xii, & xv. 44
Unttinger, A — Austria, 589.*
Houbigant, C. — France, 1627
Houdaille, F. N.— France, 1270
Houdin, see Detotiche & Houdin
Hondin & I^mbert. — Beli^iurii, 253
Houelte, A. & Co.— France, 1271
Hou^h, see Scliooley and Hough
Hough, R. M.— Uiiiteil States, 507
Houghton, see Claudet & Houghton
Ho'jghtoii, .Sarah.— xiv. 50
Houldsworth, J. & Co.— xill. 64
l.ouldswcrth, T. & Co.— xi. 51. 59
Houlgate, see Puckering & Houlgute
Honllier, B.— France, 1028
Huunsell, ,1. — xiv. 7'3
Hounsell, W. & Co.— xiv. 73
Houssard, E. F.— France. 1626
Houston, ,1. D.— United Slate" 554
Houton, W. Van.— VIII. I.'IO
Houtthave, S.— B-ilginm, 130
Houyet, A. — Belgium, 125
Houzeau, E. — France, 878
Howard, F. see Howard I. & F.
Howard, Frank.— XXIII 97
Howard, T. & F.— ix. 2^9
Howard & Kent,- ii. 1 1
Howard, KaveiiliiU it Co.— v. 413
Howard St, Son.— xxvi. 23S
Howord, T.— I. 29
Huwarth, J.— xxil. 181
Howe. — VIII. 132
Howe, D. W.— United States, 49/
Howe, G.— V. 779
Howe, J. & Co.— IV. 36
Howe, J. G. — XXIV. 67
Howe, S. G.— United Stales, 439
Howell & Brothers.- United States, 48
Howell, James,& Co. — x. 16 ; xiii. 27 ;
XIX. 5 ; XXVI. 190a
(lowland, C— United States, 486
Howse, see Barber, Howse, &c.
Howton, G. W,— xxvm. 166
Hoxa, F, — Austria, 141c
Hoy,J,— V. 710
Hoyle & Sons.— XVIII. 36
Hoyles, H.— xxvi. 345
Hoyt, see Albro & Hoyt
Huard, Brothers, — France, "^66
Huart deVilleinont, D. — Belgium, 48
Hubbard, see Sewell, Evauf<, &c.
Hubbard, C— viii. 180
Hubbard, H. B.— xxix. 113
Huben, see Hurter & Huben
Hul)er, C. E.— France, 879
Huber & Co.— France, 333
Huber, Franz, — Austria, 633
Huber, liordorl', — Switzerland, 153
Hubert, see Boken, Hubert, & Co, ;
Hueni & Hubert
Hubert, A.— Belgium, 482
Hubert, C— xvi. 194
Hubert, Josephine.— ^France, 2C8
Hubert, E. de St.— Belgium, 8
Hubner, see Summerl'eld & Uubner
Hubner, J. — Austria, 622
Hiibsch, J. — Austria, 352
Huch, H, C— Zollverein (6), 22
Huchev, see Doublet & Huchet
Huck. — France, 541
Hucke,C,-Zollvp;c;u (1), 6!i7
Huddart, Sir J. & Co.— xiv. 68
Hudson & Uouslield. — xii. & xv. 21
Hudson, A. — XVI. 151
Hudson & Bottom.— VI. 88
Hudson, C. — XVIII. 66
Hudson, F. T.— X. 256
Hudson, J.— VIII. 338; XX. 199; xxvi.
34, Persia
Hudson, S. — XVI. 60
Hudson's Bay Company. — xvi. 301a
Iludswell & Son.— XII. & xv. aS
Hue, J. H.— France, 269
Huebener & Pohle. — Hamburgh, 61
Hueber, F. — A'istria, 42S
Huebsclier, C — Switzerland, 86 ;'
Hueck, see Funke & Hueck
Hueck, A. see Hueck, D. & A.
Hueck, D. & A.— Zollverein (1), 499
Huefler, H.— Zollverein (3), 111
Hueni & Hubert,— Swiljerland, 87
iluerlimann. J.— Switzerland, 125-.
Huerlin. — Sweden, 113
Huet, J.— France, 8S0
Huef, Made. — France, 270
Iluette, see Dinant & Huette
HulVer, J.— XXII. 049a
Hnffmarni. Hrotiiers.— Zolv. (1) 500
HuHnagle. C. — India, iv.
Hullzky, Vincenz. — Austria, 613
Hugget, J. jun.— United States, 209
Huggie, Brothers. — I. 300
Huglies.— VI. 459; X. 691
Hughes, E.— XVII, 4
Hughes, G. A.— XVII. 20
Hi glies, H.— XXII. .'jSI
Huglica, J.— VIII. 318
lluj.'he», J. G.— XXII. 401
Hughes & Kimbcr.— XXII. G09
WHOSE NAMES APPEAR IN THE CATALOGUE.
cli
Hughes P.— British Guiana, 74a 7iu
Hughea, R.— xu. & XV. 231 ; xvi. 106 ;
XXII. 609
Hughes & Sons.— VI. 459
Hughes, T.— XXX. (Sculpture Court), 3
Hughes, T., juii. — xxv. 60
Huglies, W.— X. 401; xii. ^xv.472.
47.'i
Hug-Ith.— Switterland, 185
Hugueiiin, see Schwartz & Hugut-.iiin
llugues, J.J. Si Son. — France, 881
Huillier, K. L'.— France, 1325
Hutbert, S.— Canada, 91
Hulett, D.— x:.ii. 643
Hull. D.— XXX. 324
Hull, Hugh.— Van Diemeii's Land, 208.
288
Hull [.lOcal Committee. — xxix. 290
Hull Patent Camphine Co.— xix. 264
Hull, Theodosia.— xxvi. 63
UuUmandel & Waljn. — XXX. (Fine
Art Court), 71
Hulls, J.— VI. 618
Hulot, A.— France, 882
Hultman, J. A. — Sweden, 81
Humane Society, Royal. — viii. 15
Humbert & Co.— France, 1272
Humble, W.— xxvii. 9
Hume, Rev. W. E.— xvii. 186
Humfrey, C— II. 78
Humphrey) see Simpson,Humphrey, &c.;
Taylor, Humphrey, & Co.
Humphrey, H. Noel.— xvH. 139
Humphreys, see Read & Humphreys
Humphreys, J.— xxx. (Pine Art Court),
23lA
Humphreys, N. H.— xxx. (Fine Art
Court) 5U
Humphries, T. — xix. 210
Hund, F. & Son.— x. 486
Hungarian, Upper, Min'ng Association,
(Schmolluilz). — Austria, 3
Hunt, C— XXVII. 109
Hunt, E.— VI. 49
Hunt & Gandell.— VII. .'17
Hunt, J.— I. 482 ; vi. 4:i2
Hunt, J. (per Boyd, C.)-vi. 207
Hunt, J. C— xviu. 90
Hunt, R.— X. 477a
Hunt, Robert,— I. 524 ; x. 297
Hunt & Roskell (lateStorr & Mortimer).
—XXIII. 97 (Main Avenue, West)
Hunt & Son.— XIV. 28
HUiiten, J. A. F, — Hamburgh, 44
Hunter, Dr. — India, xxv.
Hunter, E. — xxil. 228 ; see also
Hunter W. J. R. & E.
Hunter, J. —VI. 312; see also Hunter,
W.&J.
Hunter, L.— I. 219
Hunter, W. & J.— IX. 119
Hunter, W. J. R. & E.— xxvi. 202
Hunter, W. M.— United States, 9
Huntley & Palmer. — xxix. 107
Hunyady Von Ketheley, Count J. II. —
Austria, 89
Hunziker & Co. — Switzerland, 166
Huot, see llilliet & Hunt
Hupfer& Wolfermann.— Zollv. (I), 774
Hurlet & Campsie Alum Co. — li. 13
Hurley, D.— xx. 73
Hurlimniann, J. — Switzerland, 119
Hurn, see Morrison & Hum
Hurrell, W.— xxix. 40
Hurry, II. C— v. 122
Hurst, A.— I. 44.
Hurst, G.— VII. 66 ; xix. 211
Hurst, J. A.— United States, 80
Hurst & Reynolds. — xx. 162
Horst & Sons.— XX. 99
Hurst, W.— XXII. 102
Hurtell, M. — Su 'ely Islands
Hurter & Buliolzer.— Switzerland, 231
Hurtrel & Co.— France, 884
Hurwitz, B.-xxx. 347
Hucwood, G. — VI. 414; vii. 31
Husband, J. — viii. 151
Husband, T. J.— United States, 49
Huschenreuther, F. A. & Sons. — Zoll-
verein (1), 80 J
Huskisson, H. see Huskiuon, J.W, & H.
Huskissou, J. W. & H. -ii. 86
Hussey, O. — United Slates, 65
Husson & Buthod. — France, 885
Husson, F. C. — Trance, 542
Huste, see Roeller & Huste
Hatchings, J. — xvi. 124
Hutchinson, E. — xxvi. i2
Hutchinson, E. jun. — xxvi. 22
Hutchinson, El izabeth. — Jersey&Guem-
sey, 31
Hutchison, J. — l. 161
Hutchison, see Forbes & Hutchison
Hutchison, R. — New Brunswick, 10. 25
Hutcliison, T.— XII. & xv. 298
Huth, F. & Co.— Zollv. (1), 378.632
Huth & Fisciier.— XII. & xv. 123
Iluther, M. — Austria, 149
Huttly, F.— v. 882
Uutton, J. — X. 7 ; xxii. 160
Hutton, J. F.— Western Alrica, 21
Hutton & Newton. — xxii. 215
Hutton & Sons.— V. 884
Hutton, W.B.& Son.— VV. Africa, 6
Huxham & Brown. — vi. 446 ; xxii,
406
Huxley, E.— x. 598
Huxley, Heriot, & Co.— xxii. 230
Hyams, H.— x. 278
Hyams, M. — iii. 46
Hyde, see Bates, Hyde, St Co.
Hyde & Co.— xvii. 21
Hyde, F.— United States, 67
Hyde, J. J.— United States, 582
Hymatlus, Prioi- of the Monastery of. —
Greece, 48
Hynam,see Gawkrnger& Hynam
Hyvelin, see Bouillette, Hyvelin, & Co.
lakoleff. Brothers. — Russia, 344
Ibarra J.— Spain, 256a
Ibarra, J. M.— Sjiain, 26
lbarzal)al, G.— Spain, 268
Ibbetson, Brothers. — France, 1710
Ibbetson, Cupl. L. L. B.— Page 851.
I. 486a; X. 459; xxx. (Fine Ait
Court), 323
'bbotson. — XXI. 27
Ibbotson, Brothers, & Co, — xxil. 191
II)bot8on, R. — XXII. 'l.iQ
Ibrahim Pasha. — Egypt, 301
Idiers, A. J. — Belgium, 287
Ihm, F.— ZoUvereiu (6), 46
Ihm, Boehm, & Pfaltz.— ZoUvereiu (0),
31
lies, C— VI. 61 ; xxvii. 28
iliir, W. T.— XXIX. -.'53
IlilTe, fee Hurdmun & IliflTe
lllek, F.— Austria, 210
lllingworlh, A.— iii. 115
Imhof & Suns Switzerland, 173
Imhoof, B.— Switzerland, l.'O
Imhoof, Bruinier— Switzerland, 127
Imlin, F.— France, 343
Imperatorl, J. H. Brothers.— Surdinia, 38
Ini|ierial Salt Works, Gulicia. — Aus-
tria, 17
Imrie, P.— xxvi. 'J8
Incellall Coal and CauuelCo,, Wigan,
— Western end, South enclosure
(Outside), 38 ; 1.268
Ince, J.— XVI, 300
Incf, W. H.— Van Diemen's Land,
349
Inderwick, J. — xxni. S6
Indian Iron & Steel Co.— -India, i.
Indore, Resident at. — India, xv.
Indri, .\. — Austria, 151
Infan{;<'r, M. — Austria, 676
Infeld, Chevalier Von.— Austria, 124
Inglefleld, E. A.— viil. U9
Inglessis, N. — Greece, 7
Inglis, see Lynch & Inglis
Inglis, A. — VII. 199
Inglis & Brown.— XII. & xv. 191
Inglis & Wakelield. — xvui. 4
Ingram, H. — vi. 122
Ingram, J. VV. — xxx. 321
Ingram, T. W.— xxil. 304
Iiines, Elizalietli& Susanna. — xxvi. 91.
■See a/so Tapperel &'lnnes
Innes, Susanna, see Innes, Elizabeth &
Susanna
Inskip, H. — VIII. 227
Inslee, J. A.— I'nited States, 161
Inspectors of Works. — Portugal, Ho.
563—370
Ipswich Museum Committee, (by Rev.
J. Henslow.)— I. 35
Irelond, J. & Co.— xii. & xv. 217
Ireland Mining Co.— Dublin, i. 507
Irish Engineering Co. — vii. 150
Irish Work Society. — xix. 77
Iron Bridge Company, New York,—
United States, 147
Irving, G. V. — iv. 94
Irwin, E.— XII. ii xv. 26
Irwin, Elizabeth, — iii. 'J9
Irwin, J. — Canada, 196
Irza-Cooli-Hadji-Cagruman-Ggli. —
Russia, 234
Isaac, J. R. — xvii. 165
Isaacs & Campbell. — xxvi. 241
Isabel II., Manufactory of. — Spain, 193
Isttbellen Uiitte Smelting VVorks. —
Zollverein (8), 3
Isaieft', P. — Russia, 184
Isern, J. — Spain, 1 17
Isidore & Brandt. — xvi. 252
Iskander-Beck-Ogli, see Zilfuolgen-
Beck, &c.
Isler, J. & Co. — Switzerland, 227
Isler, J. jun. — Switzerland, 227
Isler, J. & Son. — Switzerland, 227
Isler & Otto.— Switzerland, 213
Ismael-Abduol-llugliil-Ugli. — Russia,
160
Isuz, J. p. — Sweden, 107
Israel, C— Zollverein (1), 754
Jssmayer, I. M. — Zollverein (2), 20
Istunce, R.— IX. lUO
Itchegoluil'. — Russia, 136
Ilzigsoini, M. — Zollverein (1), 97
lunod Brothers.— Switzerland, 7
Ivanotf. — Russia, 2(i7
Ivonoff, P Russia, 259
.faccard. Brothers. — Switzerland, 27
.liiccard, L. — Switzerland, 104
Jack, C- 1. 437a
Jack, VV.— X. 678
Jackson, see Spear & Jackson
Jackson, C— xix. 84
Jackson & Clay. — vii. 75
Jackson, Elizabeth.— xxix. 59
Jackson, E. & W.— x. 2J8
Jackson, E. & VV. II,- xxiv. 77
Jacksun, G. xxvi, 242
clil
INDEX OP EXHIBITORS AND OTHERS
Juckson & Graliam.— XIX. 300; (North
Transept) ; xxvi. 26 1 ; Uiiy M. 23
Jaclituii, H.— VII. 201
Jackson, H. H.— Bermudas
Jackson, J.— v. 703 j xi. I
Jackson & Matthewmim, xiv. 36
Jackson, P. H.— v. 082
Jackson, R. B.— xvi. 288
Jackson, S. we Jackson, W. H & S.
Jucksiin & Sons.— XXVI. 5. Buy M. 22.
I. 19
Jackson, T.— xxviii. 21
Jackson, \V. — xxil. 311 ; see also Jack-
son, E. & W.
Jackson, W. H. nee .Tackson, E. & W.
H. ; Jackson, W. H. & S.
Jackson, W. H. & S.— x. 32
Jttcoli, H.— Zollverein (1), 786
Jacol), .1. — Zollverien (2), 78
Jacol), P.— France, 1629
Ja(.'ol)l)er — France, 271
Jacobs, see BIytli & Jacobs ; Trnesdale,
Jacol)s, & Co.
Jacobs & Uering. — Zollverein (I), 524
Jacobs & Dnpuis. — France, 8^6
Jacobs, 6. — xxix. 183
Jacoby, F. A.— Zollverein (1), 787
Jauot, H. L.— XXX. (Fine .Art Court),
210
Jaoot & Coiirvoirier. — United States,
381
Jacqinain, G. — Belgium, 4.')9
Jarqiieinart Brothers. — France, 272
Jucquet, H. & Co.— Sardinia, 26
Jucquet, H. — France, bXb
Jacquin, J. J. — France, 546
Jacquot. — France, ft47
Jacqinit, F. — BelKinm, 347
Jueger, C. — Zollverein (1), 469
Jaen. — Spain, 82
Jaelniijf, \V.— Zollverein (.1), 134
Jall'ray, J. H.— Anstri.i, 72.'
Jager, F. I. — Austria, 278
Jaget, see Manrel, Jaget, & Co.
Jagodzinskv, A. — Z(dlvereiii (3\ 8
Jabn, A.— Zollverein (3), 34
Jaliii, F. H.— Zollverein (3), 183
JailloTi, Moiiiicr, & Co. — France, ^73
JakoletV, Madame Catherine. — Kusiiu,
2J. 286
Jalovitzin, J. — Russia, 230
Jamar, \. — Beli^iuni, 444
James, see Cowley and James ; Howell,
James, & Co. ; Walt, Jumes, & Co.
James & Aubrey. — Western end. South
enclosure (Outside), 37
James & Chapm&n — United States, 181
James, H.— xix. 215
James, J. — i. 41 3a; vii. 19 (Main
Avenue, West) ; xvi. 40 ; xxil. 317;
XXIX. 2i):>
James, J. & Co. — v. 411; ix. 86
James, J. H. — x. .577
Jumes, .Tabez. — vii. 106 (Main Avenue,
West)
James, W. H. — xxiv. S.'i
Jameson & Bunks — xii. & xv. 278
JuMiesnu & Co. — xiv. 60
Jamieson, see Paterson, Jumieson, &Co.
Jamiesoii, (». — l. '-J
Jamiesoii, J.— Western Africa, 5n
Jumieson, U. — Western Africa, i'2
Juir.in. — France, 548
Jamison, V. 1). V.— United Stales, 173
Jaucowski. — xvi. 50
Jancowski, W. — xix. 48
Jando, J. Ziillveiriii (I) 894
Jai\ke, Brothers. — Austria, 391
.lannosrli, 11.— Zollverein (I), 821
JaioiascI,. O. — Zollverein (1), fc3(i
Janqueria, Manufactory of.— Portugal,
fijS, 056, 657
Jansen, A. — Belgium, 139
Jansen, J. W.— Zollverein (I), 349
Janseu & Luelidorff. — Zollverein (2),
56
Janssen, N. H. A. — Netherlands, 19
Janssfns, I). — Bel|riuin, 193
Jantten, G. E.~Zollverein (I), 205
Jantzcn, J. C. F. — Hamburgh, 83
Japuis & Son. — France, 274
Japy, Brothers. — France, 275
Ja(iuemar, F. — Austria, 335
Jaquemet, see Tjoroque, &c.
Jaquemut, J. M. — IV. 37
Jaques & Son. — Switzerland, .13
Jaquet, J. — Bel);ium, 461 (Main Ave-
nue, East)
Jaquet, jun. — Belgium, 462
Jaquin, C. — VI. 68
Jaren, J. A. — Spain, 249
Jarrett, G.— VI. 154
Jarrett, W.— VIII. 319
Jarrow Chemical Works (South Shields).
—II. 20
Jarvies. — xviii. 82
Jarvis, see Garton & Jarvis
Jiislrzebski, F. — Belgium, 176
Jauilin, A.- — France, 887
Jaulin, J. — France, 1274
Jauu, T. — Switzerland, 255
Javet, C— France, 8S8
Jeakes, W. — xxii. 237
Jean, Franc. — Switzerland, 152
Jeanes, see Johnstone & Jeanes
Jeanneret, Hrotiiers. — Switzerland, 38
Jeannet, F. — Switzerland, 5
Jeunnin. — France, 1275
Jeanselme. — France, 1276
Jeanselme, J. P. F.— France, 889
Jeantet. — Algeria, 29
Jeanti, Prevost, Perraud, & Co. —
France, 1277
Jee, A. S.— VII. 222. 755. (Main Ave-
nue, West)
Jeft'coat, v. L. — xxil. 753
Jellers, W. H.— United States, 116
Jeflery, R. — vil. 14
JelVery, Walsh, & Co.— vm. 188
JelVrey, A.— United States, 150
Jellrey, Allen, & Co.— xxvi. 326
Jeffrey, R.— xiv. ftO
Jeffries, I. — XXIX. 184
JellVies, J. — Canada, 62
Jeff:*, see Beam & Jell's
Jehin, H. J. — Belgium, 410
Jehotte, C.— Belgium, 447
Jehutte, L. — Belgium, 463 (Main Ave-
nue, East)
Jenkeu, W. — Netherlands, 74
Jenkins & Beer.— i. 92
Jenkins & Courtney. — I. 93
Jenkins, G.— v. b8
Jenkins, J.— VIII. HI
Jenkins & Stick.— i. 170
Jenkins, W. H.— i. 902 ; ll. 43
Jenkins, W. & Son.-X. 481
JenkinsoM, J. — xxii. 594
Jennens& Betlridge. — XXII.371; XXVI.
187 (Main Avenue, West)
Jenneiis & Co. — viii. 2(11
Jennings, B. — I. 194; xxx. (.Sculpture
Court) 6. 81
Jennings & Clughorn. — United States,
276
Jennings & Co. — United States, 118
.lennings, (J.- xxil. 810
Jennings, H. C- ii. 99
Jeriiiing!>, J. D. — Van Uienien's Land,
236
Jeiniisoii, J. — ix. 70
Jenny, see Blunier & Jenny
Jenny & Schiiidler. — Austrii., 183
Jens, see Wulff, Jens, & Sons
Jejipe, H. — South Africa, 4
Jepson, W.— XXVII. 132
Jerak, F. — Austria, 134
Jerichau, J. A. — Denmark, 39 (Main
Avenue, East)
Jerninghani, Commander. — vm. 21
Jerome, Brothers. — France, 549
Jessen, N. S. — Denmark, 14
Jesson, see Bagnall & Jessoii
Jessop. — V. 64 ; see also Cowgill, Jessop,
&Co.
Jetu, C. A.— Canada, 109
Jewett, S. W.— United States, 499
Jewesbury & Co.— iv. 66
Jimenez, M. — Spain, 285
Jimison, C— xvi. 28
Jibb, J.— XXX. (Fine Art Court), 14
Jimenez, M. — Spain, 285
Jobart, A. — Belgium, 89
Jobsun&Cu.— XX'I. 106
Jobst, F.— Zollverein, (4), 4
Jodh]>ore, H. H. the Itajah of. — India, x.
Johanny-Abhoe, A. W.— Zoll. (1), 493
Johansson, J. — Sweden and Nurwav, 17.
98
John, A. — Greece, 59
John, J. R. St.— United Slates, 95. 510.
542
John's, St. College. — New Zealand, 7
Johne & Tliiele. — Austria, 379
Johns, G. E.— XXIX. 51
Johiisdotter, Christina M. — Sweden &
Norway, 33
Johnson, see Deane & Johnson ; Hard-
ing, Pullen,& Johnson; Swanwick &
Johnson
Johnson, A. — Sweden, 64
Johnson, Cammell, & Co.— XXII. 109
Johnson & Co. — xx. 48
Johnson, E. — xxii. 67 ; xxvi. 243
Johnson, G. & Co. — xix. 316 ;
Johnson, H. T. — vm. 328
Jo'risoii, J.— XI. 48; XII. & XV. 112
i>ew Zealand, 21
Johnson, J. U.— ii. 60
Johnson & Matthcy. — i. 477
Johnson, P, — XXVIII. 15
■lohnson, R., & Brother.— Vl. 212
Johnson, R. J. — xviil. 20
Johnson, R., & Nephew.— xi. 55
Johnson, Sewall,& Co. — United States,
441
Johnson, T. — ix. 257a
.lohnston. — x. 419
Johnston, A. K., see Johnston, W^.A A.K.
Johnston & Co. — xxvi. 75
Johnston, G., see Johnston, J. & G.
JohnstoiijG. J.— xxx. (Finc.VrlCo.), 19
Johnston, J. — XII. & xv. 274; xx.
128a.
Johnston, J. & R.— xx. 143
Johnstun, \V. & A. K.— x. 198
Johnstone, G.— i. 175
Johnstone, J. — xix. 218
Johnstone & Jeanes. — xxvi. 10
.Johnstone, W. — i. IJ4.\
Jolly, F.— France, 270
Jolly, J.— IX. 69
Jolly-l.eclerc— France, 890
Joly. — France, 277
Joly, J. M,, sen. — France, 891
Joly, Mmes.— France, 892
Jonas Brothers. — iii. 42
Jone.i. — XXII. 121; sec also Barlow,
(iooddy, & Jones; Kllani, Jones, &
Co. ; Morris, Jones, & Co.
WHOSE NAMES APPEAR IN THE CATALOGUE.
cl
111
mrk, 39 (Muiii
Sfat««, 9J.510.
I. — Sweden &
uhiiann; Hard-
; Suuiiwick &
m.W.&A.K.
Junes, A. J.— xxvi. 78 ; xxx. (Fine Ait
Court), 70
Jones, B.— X. 533
Jonea, Brotliers. — Belgium, 118
JoiiM, C. E — IX. L'60
Jones & Co.— III. 43 ; xxvi. 33G ; Bay
P. 15
Jones, I). — XTVin. 7; Canada, 41
Jones, K. — ix. 5'2. 133; xil. & xv.
259. -205; XXVI. 215
Jones, l)r. K.— x. 127
Jinies, G.— III. 106
Jones, Isal)ella B. — XXIX. 82
Jones, J.— XX. 149; xxii. 13fi 230;
XXVIII. 122 ; XXIX. 182 ; iiritiish
tiuiaim, 37, 38
Jones, J., & Co.— XXII. SOI
Jones, Jolin — x. 61
Jones, J. C— X. 481
Jones, J. E. — xxx. (Sculplure Court),
40. 45. 81
Jones, J. juu. — viii. 136
Jones, J. K.— Unite<l States, 1 72.i
Jones, J. v. — United States, 172
Jones, L. V. — xix. 138
Jones, Mary.— XIX. 219
Jones, Owen. — xvii. 139; xxx. (Fine
Art Court), 54
Jones, O. & Co.— Ill, 128
Jones, P.— IX. 123b; x. 652
.Tones, H. & Sons.— xxii . 277
Jones, Sells, & < "o. — Western end, South
Enclosure (Outside), 42 ; i. 258
Jones, Simonson, & Co. — ZoUverein (I),
787
Jones & Sons. — xxiv. 1 1
Jones, T.— VIII. 344 ; x. 655
Jones, T. M.— v. 656
Jones, W.— V. 156; xxvi. 287 ; xxvii.
105 ; Rome, 4S
Jones, VV. 1).— xvi. 30
Jones, Rev. VV. H. — xxix. 95
Jones, Wliitc, & M'Curdy. — United
States, 33
Jones, VV.&S.—x. 141
Jones, Z. — XXIV. 44
Jonet, D.— Belgium, 389
Jongliiius & Veniitor — Zollverein (6), 6
Jongtie, A. l)e. — Belgium, 416
Joostens, G. J. — Belgium, 4f>7
Jorilan. — Page 851 ; see ulso Deinliart &
Jordan
Jordan & Barber. — Austria, 68
Jordan, C. — i. 487; x. 28.i ; xxx.
(Fine Ait Court), 208
Jordon. J.— x. 523
Jordan, J, F.— Zollverein (2), 27
Jordan. T. — IX. 9lA
Jordan & Timaeus. — Zollverein (3), 6
Jordan, W.— vi. 29
Jordan, W. H.— v. 888
Jordans.— xxvi. 384
Jorez, L., juu. — Belgium, 306
Jorge. M. J.— Portugal, 920. 928-931.
953. 9b3. 9fi5. 908-072
Jorrilsma, A. — Nellitrlands, 18
Josepli, J. A. — South Australia, 10
Josepli, J. G. — Canada, IH'2
Josliua, 1).— Zollverein (3), 72-83. 89
Josseliii, ,1. J. — Fraiicp, 551
Jouliert, Bonnuire, & Co. — France, 552
Joiilieit, J. G. — South ACrica, 52
Joubert, < aroliiie — xx. 40
Joudpoie, Rajah of.— India, xxvii.
Joulianneand & Ouliois. — France, 1630
Jouhuud, P, — Jersey & Guernsey, 19
Joule. J. P.— X. 440
Jourdain, VV, 1). — xviil. 61
Journet, V., see Maubaii & Journet, V.
Jourdain, X. — France, 1631
Joiirniul, J. — France, 5.'>3
Jouvin & Doyon. — France, 1279
Jouvin, Widow. — France, 893
Jouvne, L. H. F. — Belgium, 123
Jowcit, J.— XXII. 1 70.
Jowitt & Battie.— XXII. 187a
Jowitt, '!'„ & Co,— XII. and xv, 144
Joyce, F., & Co.— vill. 277
Joyce, VV.— v. 20
Joynson.— XVII. 42
Joynson, W. — xvii. '12a
Joysel.— XXII. 612
Jral'-Ogli. — Russia, 207
Juhb & Sons.— XII. & XV. 82
Jubulpore School of Industry, — Eastern
end (outside), 104. — India, vill.
Judas Muha. — Algeria, 30
Judge, C. — XVI. 41
Judge, T.— V. 130
Juditsky. — Russia, 137
Judkins, C. F.— VI. 52
Judo, J. B.— Belgium, 420
Juenger, J. (Widow).— Zoll. (1), 409
Jul<e8, see Coulson, .fiikes, & Co.
JuUff. .T. & J.— XXV. 30
Julenlus, Anna. — Russia, 221
Julieii, Marguerite. — Fniiice, 279
Julin, N.— Belgium, 383
Jullien.— Algeria, 31 ; France, 1280
Jullien & Co. — xxx. (Fine Art Court),
fi3
Junge & VValther.- Ztdlverein (5), 17
Jiinglians, I. G.- iiollverein (3), 131
Junker, see Nilson and Junker ; Uhlig's
widow & Junker
Juiiod, T. — Switzerland, 106
Juhel-Desmares, J. — France. 278
Jurgcuseus, Sons. — Denmark, 17
Jury, see Sharp, Odell, & Jury
Juson, VV. — III. 95
Koegi-Fiurz, J.— Switzerland, 153
Kaehszniaiin, J. — Austria, 704
Kaenimerer, ('. — Zollverein (4), 42
Kaesen, J.— Zollverein (1), 408
Kahler. A, — Hamburgh, 117
Kaibel, J.— Zollverein (I), 525
Kaiii, .1. F. — xxviii. 45
Kaiser, .' —Netherlands, 84.
Kttisei, (v C. F.— Netherlands 51
Kaiser, J.— " 66
Knlide.T. - Z,.llverjin (1), 285
(vaileneckiv. J. — !i'( Pverein, 54a
Ivallenmn. k. P, — Austria, 520
Kamre'., < r. ','.'. — Austria, PJ9
Kane, G. — xvi. 62
Kitnf, '.'(■. J. — II. 5,3
Kr-.niz ft S-'.)n», M. L Austria, 697
■vr.i peler F — 174
liapell-T, L. & Son.— Zollverein C2), 28
Kapp, C. H.— Switzerlniid, 1)6
Kaichev, F.— Zollverein (1), 391. 877
Karcber & Westermann. — Fra".;ce, 1632
Karnovitch. — Russia, 31. 101
Karsdielitz, S. N.— Zollverein (1), 157
Kartli, see Kngelhard & Karlh
Kase.— IX. 2)7
Katlenbusch, see Tesclitymaclier & Kat-
tenhusch
Kaueilz, sie Krahaus & K.i'erlz
Kaull'inann, H, — ZiUverein (1), 1 17
Kaulfmann, M.— ZoUveieiu (1), 123
Kaufmann, A. — Hiissiu 117
Kaufmann, C. H. & Si'i,- Zollverein
(3), 114
Kaulliacli, see Cornelius & Kaiilhach
Kaullmcli.K.-xxx. 31(i
Kansclie, (J. — Zollverein (1\ 794
Kuwau Cuniiiuiy. — New Zealand
Kay, H. — xviii. 68
Kaj, ,(.— I. 27
Kay, Richai'dson & VVroe. — xil. and
XV. 180
Kay, T.— XXV. 31
Kaye, Fiiidlay, & Co.— xx. 140
Kayser, A — Zollverein (I), 3/0
Kayser, J. — Austria, 368a
Kearney, W. H.— xxx. (Une Art Ct.), 5
Kearse, T.— xx. 1 75
Keasley. VV. H.— v. 140
Keating,'!'. — II. 102; Bolivia
Keddell, J. S.— XIX, 221
Keed, G. F.— xxii. 378
Keen.— xxx. (Fine Art Court), 158 j
see also Gray & Keen
Keene, R. VV.— XXVII. 27
Keene, VV.— in. 98 ; IX. 193 ; XXII. 94;
8|>ain. 300
Keep & Watkiii.— XXII. 76.
Kehl, J. C— Zollverein (1),'C4
Kehlnera, A. (>'. — Ansiria, IIU
Kelioe, J. — xxx. 90
Kelnli, Brothers. — Switzerland, 242
Keigel, F. A. — Switzerland, 3
Keighley, see Lockwood & Krighley
Keith, 1>. & Co. — xiii. 1 (Main Ave-
nue, West)
Keith, G.— V. 466 ; xxii. fiOl
Keilli, J.— xxiii. 12 1
Keitli, Shoobridge, & Co.— xii. and xv.
279
Kekul6,C.— Zollverein (1), 5.
Kell, see .Schwann & Co.
Ke!l, A. &C0.-XXII. 327
Keller.— France, 280
Keller & Co.— Zollverein (1), 688
Keller, J.— Austria, 191
Keilermann, F. — Zollverein (5), 19:
Zollverein (6), 62
Kellner, S.— Zollverein (2), 66
Kelly, J. & Co.— XX. 178
Kelly, J. J. — Switzerland, 150
Kelly, R. W.— Canada, 22
Kelly & Son.— XXIX. 159
Kelsall & Bartleniore. — xil. & xv. 486
Kelsey.J. T.— XVI, 2GC
Kemmel & Co., see VVillich, A. Kem-
mel, & Co.
Kemp, see Smith, Kemp, & Wright j
Stone & Kemp
Kemp, G. — Van Uiemen's Land, 320
Kemp, T.— Zollverein ( 1), 727
Keinpen, J. M. Van. — Netherlands, 101
Kendall, C. H.— xxvi. 246
Kendall & Co. — xxix. 2.i
Kendall, H.— Zollverein (1), 422
Kendall, .! — iii. 14, 7.5, 92; Zoll-
verein(l), 701. 76.3. 773. 815. (2),
98
Kendall, H.— Zollverein (1),422
Kengyel, J. — Austria, 8
Kennard, H.W.— V. 644; xxii. 804
Kennedy, Dr.— IX. 20t'c
Kennedy, Dr. E. — x. 725
Kennedy, J. — British Guiana, 16a, ICb
Kennedy, M.— v. 304
Kennedy. VV.S.— XXV. 4
Kenrick & Sons.— xxii. 360a
Kent.— XVI. 101, see also Howard &
Kent
Kent, A.— Western End, North Enclo-
sure (Outsi<le), 62; xxvii. 122
Kent, G. — xxii. 553
Kent, J. — XXII. 390
Kent, J. H.— II. 90
Kent, R.— V. 892
Kenworthy, .see Hornby Sc Kenwcrlhy
Kenyoii, J. & J.— xil. & xv. 91
Kcogh, II.— XXIX. 119
cliv
INDEX OP EXHIBITORS AND OTHERS
Kepp & Co.— XXII. J80; xxx. (Fine
Art Court), 15
Ker, W.— XXVI. 103
Kerba)ay-Hooiseiii-Ogli,— Kiinia, 279
Kerbalay-Kliooda-Agliali-Ogli. — Rutsio
263
Kerbler, J.— Austria, M\
Keremerle, M. — United States, 527
Kerim-Hagliim-Ogli. — Russia, 87
Kerke. A.— Russia, 48
Kerkkuft', Van der, & Kreitz.— Zollve-
rein (J), 512
Kermode, R. Q. — Van Diemen's Land,
239
Kern, H.— Zollvereiu (6), 45
Kern, J. — Switzerland, 88
Kerr & McMillan.— xviii. 54
Kerr, R.— xii. & xv. 300
Kerr and Scott.— xii. & xv. 275
Kersliaw, H. see Kershaw, S. and H.
Kershaw, S. & H.— xii. &xv. IGI
Kersliaw, T. — xxvii. 1
Kerslake, T.— xxil. 92
Kersten, A.— ZoUverein (1), 243
Kesseler,C.— Zollvereii.(l), 299 (Main
Avenue, East)
Kesselkaul, J. H.— Zollvereiu (1),371
Kpjselmeyer 8t Mellowdew. — xviii. 44
Kessels, H. — lielgium, 127
Kessler, N.— Switzerland, 243
Kestermont, J. B.— Btlpium, 509
Kentemost, J. B. — Belgium, 509
Kesterton, K.— v. 894
Ketelaere, De. — Belgium, 350
Ketteiihuber, J. — Austria, 483
Ketterl, K. — Austria, OGSa
Kettlewell, Mary.— xix. ^23
Key, see Burgess and Key
Key, E. S.— xxvii. 126
Key & Mitchell— IX. 237
Keymer, J. — xviii. 12
Keyn, De, Brotherit. — Belgium, 406
Keys & .\lountrord. — XXV. 14
Khalil-Beek-Saphiefl'. — Russia, 57
Khiiraull', M. — Russia, 162
Khuinunnitsky, Iron Works uf. — Russia,
20
Kliarkoflf, N. N.— Russia, 45
Kherson, Peasant Women. — Russia, 21 1
Khirghis. — Russia, 278
Khokiiolkofl'& Uregorlefle. — Russia, 63
Kiaing Tihl' Cl'in, Great Porcelain
Works of. — Cliiua,
Kidd, see Uobhs, Kidd, & Co.
Kidd, W.— XXIV. 3
Kidd & Podger.— III. 150
Kidder, C. F.— United Slates, 492
Kiddle, H. K.— XXIV. 39
Kiddle, J.— XIX. 384
Kidston, W.&Co.— X. CIO
Kiel, Misses Van.— Belgium, 333
Kielman.— Zi.Uverein (l)', 847
Kiendl, A. — Austria, 148
Kieser & C«. — Zollvereiu (4), 81
Kietailil, F.— Austria, 653
Kietz, T.— Zollvereiu (3), 185a
Kightley, J.— XIX. 123
Kijevski, see Hirshmann and Kijevski
Killmrn, W. K.— x. 29i
Kiliaii. H.— ZoUverein (1), 665
Killrogan Parochial School. — xi.\. 372
Kimbal, 1).— United States, 457
Kimber, see Hughes & Kimber
Kimber, A. M. & Co. — United Stptcs,
500
Kimberley, J. — xxil. 362
Kinimermaun, E. G. — Zullverein (.5),
19
Kincaid-Lcnilox, V, M. — .\x. 147
Kincaid, T.— viii. 89
Kinder & Wheeler.— v. 895
Kindermunn, A. — ZoUverein (3), 170
King. — xxill. 94
King, C. — XXII. 5; xxvi. 61
King & Co.— 1. 91
King, Emma. — iv. 2
King, G— 1. 115
King, J.— 11. 13; xxviii. 41
King, J. H. see King, T, and J. H.
King, Misj. — XIX. 224 ; New Zealand,
26
King, P. H. F.— VIII. 19
King & Pi .ch.— XXI. 5
King R. & W.— XI. 23; Western Afri-
ca,?
King, S.— XXII. 407
King. T— 1. 136
King, T. D.— X. 287
King, T. J.— vi;i. 281
King. T. & J. H.— XVII. 22
Kintf, T. R.— xxx. (Fine Art Court),
113
King, W. — VII. 160; see also King, R.
and W.
King, W. A., XXVI. 1 13
King, W. W.— II. 84
Kings, W.— V. 8'J6
Kingsbury, Louisa. — xix. 225 ; xxvi.
124
Kingswell, F.— ix. 25b
Kinnear, see Johnson, T.
Kiniiis, W.— XIV. 26
Kinol, A. — Hamburgh, 39
Kinross, W.&Co.— V. «98
Kinielbach, T.— ZoUverein (4), 26
Kinzleberger & Co. — Austria, 27
Kirby, Beard & Co.— xxix. 96
Kirby, J. — xvii. 23
Kirby, W.— xvx. Ill
Kirk, Henry.— Austria, 729
Kirk, J. — xxx. (Sculpture Court), 40
Kirk, J. M.— xii. &xv. 163
Kirk, J. R. — xxx. (Sculpture Court), 2
Kirk &Sons.— XIV. 10
Kirk & Parry.— I. 179
Kirk, W. B. — xxx. (Sculpture Court),
25
Kirk & Warren. — XXII. 161
Kirkmun & Son. — x. 467
Kirkwood, W.— xxii. 524
Kirner, J. — Austria, 121
Kirschbaum, see Schenlzler & Kirsch-
baum
Kirschten, see Dick & Kirschten
Kirsli, J. N.— Portugal, 'J85— 987
Kir8toin,C.— ZoUverein (1), 120, 120a
Kirsteiii, F. — France, 281
Kirsten, C. W.— Zollvereiu, (3), 113
Kittlaiid, U. B.— United Slates, 84
Kiicli, S. A. — x.x. 65
Kisker, W.— Z.dlvereiu (I), 553
Kiss, Piof. A.-~Zollvereiu (1), 279;
(Main Avenue, East)
Kissel, J. — Fiance, 5i4
Kissing & Miillinanu.— ZoU, (1), 647
Kisteuiaeckcr", H. — Belgium, 271)
Kiszewski. — Zollvereiu (I), 3'J
Kitchener, T. — xxx. (Fine Art Court),
269
Kitchtner, W. C— III. 5
Kitehiii, J. — IV. 126a i Ceylon
Kiteley, J.- xix. 226
Kitsclielt, A.— A.:s!!ii, 434
Kitson, Thoiupsdu, Si Hewitsoii. — v. 534
Kitteri(b;e, F. O.— United States, 253
Kittl's Heirs, Aut.— Austria, 592
Klaftenberger, ice Aubert Ik Klaften-
bergsr
Klanier, .1.— Auslriii, 1S4
Klanuer, F. — Austria, 612
Klarer, J. A — Switzerland, 244
Klaus, R.— Switzerland, 153
Kleber, see Blancliet, Brulbers, & Klebcr
Kleemun, see Slurgen and Kleeman
Klel't, Brothers.— Hamburgh, 94
Klein, Baron.— Zullverein (6), &0
Klein, C— ZoUverein (6), 23
Klein, F.— Zollvereiu (1), 595
Klein, F. Q.— ZoUverein (4), 80
Klein, J. G, sen. — ZoUverein (6), 64
Klein, P.— ZoUverein (6), 63
Klein, Reisser, & Co.— Zoli. (6), 86
Klein-Schateer, S. C. F.— ZoU. (I), 578
Kleinjasper, J. F. — France, 1633
kleinjung, see Pferdmengea & Klein-
juiig.
Kleiusclimidt ii Von Halfern, — Zullve-
rein (1), 372
Kleist, Baron Von. — Austria, 424
Klement, F.— Austria, 569
Klenim, G. & A.— ZoUverein (3), 18
Klenis, J. U.— ZoUverein (1), 595
Klepatsky,' — Russia, 35
Klinger, C. A.— ZoUverein (2), 29
Klingsey, C. G. — Denmark, 34
Klopijer, H.— ZoUverein (1), 489
Knecht, Emile.— France, i82
Kneeland, H. — United Spates, 140
Knierim, F. — Austria, 1(»7
Kniglit, see Harvey & Knight
Knight & Foster. — xxix 694
Kniglit, G. & Sons.— X. 453 ; xxi. 24
Knight & Hawkes.— xvii. 107
Kniglit, J. — XXIX. 8
Knight, J. Y.— XVII. 86
Knight, T. & Co.— XVIII. 42
Knight, T. W.— XXII. 5s7
Knight, W.— IX. 22 ; United States, 576
Knill, J. — Austria, 632
Kniiie, J. A.— i. 529
Knocke, A.— ZoUverein (2), 100
Knoll, Brothers. — Austria, 724
Knoll, C— ZoUverein (-), 88
Knops, Brothers. — ZoUverein (1), 373
Knurr, F.— ZoUverein (2), 38
Kiios)) & Backe.— Zullverein (4), 97
Knowles, see Nelson, Knowles, & Co.
Knowles, H. — xxii. 2b9
Knox, see Murison & Knox; Rainey,
Knox, & Co.
Knox, A. L. — XII. & XV. ly7A
Knox, G. — V. 514
Kuuepler & Steinhauser.— ZoU. ( I ), 528
Kiiiittuer, A.— ZoUverein (I), 236
Kobbe, see Moosbrugger & Kobbu
Kobelt & Sons.— XXVI. .SUO
Kublick, H. M ZoUverein (3), 123
Koch, C. A.— ZoUverein f'.), 329
Koch, F.— ZoUverein (6),' 7
Kochmeister, F. — Austria, 5
Kock, U. A. —British Guiana, 55a,
5Jii, 59a
Kockum. — Svveden, 75
Koeclilin & Sons. — Switzerland, 152
Koeckliii, Brothers. — France, 1634
Koehler & Schledich.— ZoUverein (3\
93
Koellrciitter, F.— Switzerland, 196
Koenigs & Buecklers^Zollvereiu (1),
552
Kocnig, C. A.— ZoUverein (1), '63
Koeiiig, G. — ZoUverein (1), 323
Koenig, L. Zollvereiu {i), 139
Koenig & Pusk. — x. 504
Koenig, F. P. — Austria, 5i)6
Koerner, M. — Zollvereiu (1), 246
Koester&Uhliimnii.— Zollvereiu (.3), 70
Kolier, Hermann, & Co. — Austria, 7Ca
Kocliler, J. Zi llvereiii (5), 27
Kohl, G. H. -ZoUverein (1), 14
WUOSE NAMES APPEAR IN THE CATALOGUE.
Ifern. — ZoUve-
Kohler, F.— ZoUvcrein (4), 4fi
K(.liltr, J.—VIII. 'J54 , X. 540 ; Ham-
hnrgli, 72
Kohhtaaf, L.— Zollvcriin (1), 400
Koliii, M. A, — Hamburgli, 17.
Kolin, M. T.— ZoUvcieiii (2), 49
Kuliiike, F. J.— Ilamburgt], 103
Kubiigtamni, H. — Zollverein (3), 68
Koliriiig, see 3cluier, Dr. & Koliriiig
Kok, A. P.— Nelherlaiids, ri
Kokl.anolV.— Russia, 205
Kolb & Schule.— ZoUvMcin (J), 'iS
Krilbel, B.— Aiistriu, C45a
Kolbjornseti, K. — Denmark, 2
Kolescb, H.— Zollverein (1), ICC
Koll, J. N.— HainburKli, 8i
Kollsr, see Tanner & KoUer
KoUer, F.— Austria, 466
Kolm, J. — Austria, 484
KolokulnikntT. — Russia, 203
Kolp, see Raenzegei, Kulp, & Co.
Kolyvun, Imperial Polisbing Manufac-
tory at.— Russia, 327
Konurzewski, A. — Zollverein (1), 300
Kondrashefl'. — Russia, 353
KoniSriaffzell-Judeno&'iky, B. — Russia,
34(5
KongsbiTf, Manufactory of Arms. —
.Sweden and Norway, 40
Konii,', C. vi. & Sons. — Zollverein (1),
701
Kbnig, F. P.— Austria, 590
Kbiiig, G. — Austria, 2fi2
Koning, de, see Hansen & de Koning
Koningsliuette, Royal Works at. —
Zollverein (1), 3
Kouovnilzin, C'ount J. — Russia, 3r7
Konovnizin, Countess. — Rossia, 220
Koopmans, K. — Nellierlands, 40
Kopke, C. J. L. — Hamburgli, 77
Kopp, H. V. J. — Switzerland, 17
Kopp & KroU. — Hamburgh, 41
KopjH', A.— Zollverein (I), 143
Kopjielin, E. — France, 8'J4
Koriakin & Mougikoff (Peasants). —
llu8:>ia, 134
Korlan, (i.— Hamburgh, 53. 02
Korner, G. W.— Zollverein (1), 747
KoshkolT, M.— Russia, 009
Kosselt, Jf. — Austria, 145
Kv)S8ucli, J. — Austria, 406
Kostiier, A. — Austriii, 264
KoteioO; P.— Russia, 239
KouclieleiV, Count. — Russia, 32
Kougsberg Silver Works. — Sweden &
Norway, 34
Koiikcll, Jasnopnlsky, J. — Russia, 335
Koushvinsk Imperial Cost Iron \Vork8,
— Russia, 5; 157
Koussoll', J. & Sons.— Uussia, 224
Kracli, Brothers. — Austria, 3U1
Kraetschmar, see Rigo & Kraetschmar
Kraft, G. J.— Austria, 677
Kraliaus & Kauertz, — Zollverein (1),
527
Krai, A. — Austria, 305
Kralik, S. — Austria, 169
Kramer, A. — Switzerland, 268
Kramer & lialdanius. — Zollverein (1),
737
Kramer, C. A. — Zollverein (1), 410
Kramer, G., see Kramer, L. & (i.
Kramer, L. & G.— Zollverein (1), 010
Kramsta & Sons. — Zollverein (1), 128
Kranawetlcr, J. — Austrij, 522
Kranner, J. — Austria, G33
Kranowither, J. — Austria, 403
Krashenenckoll'. — Russia, 100
Kratschsmann, M. — Austria, 697
Krauliaus &. Kauertz.— Zull. (I), 527
Krause, C.G., & Co.— Zollverein (.1), 58
Krause, F. .V. — Zollverein (3), 147
Krause, M.— Zollverein (1), 278
Krausz.— Zollv. (1) 879
Krebs, W.— Zollverein (1), 260)
Kreiger & Co. — France, 1283
Kreith, see Kerkzull', Van der, & Kreith
Kreso, (1. L. \'on. — Zollverein (5), 32
Kress, G. L,— Zollverein (5), 32
Krelschmann, 11 . W. K, — Zollverein (1 ),
738
Kreuger, Aflme. — Sweden, 55
Kreuser, see Me!nerzha;!en & Kreuser
Kriclniber. — Austria, 371
Krickl, £. — Austria, 263
Krieg, J., Zollverein (1), 896
Kricgel & Co. — Austria, 623
Krimmelbuin & Biedt. — Zollverein (I),
457
Krise, C. — Austria, 353
Krocker & Son. — Zollverein (1), 755
Kroenig, F. W., & Sons. — Zollverein
(1), 556
Kruhn, Brothers. — ZoUvereiti (^1), 178
Kroilzscb, .M. — Austri;i, 297
Kroll, see Kopp Si KroU
Kronbeim & Co. — xvii. 181
Krunheim, J. M.— XXX. (Fine Art
Court), 40
Kronbeim, M.— Zollverein (1), 284
Kronick, see Becker & Kronick
Kriining, Dr. — Zollv. (1) 850
Kronnenburg, W. F. — Netherlands, 43
Krue|j;er, A. — Hamburgh, 20 j Zollverein
(1),69
Kruger, G. H.— Hamburgh, 80
Krugmann, see Morgenroth & Krug-
niann
Krumbholz & Trinks, — Zollverein (3),
30
Krumbigel. — Russia, 287
Kruniteich, L. — Zollverein (1), 261
Krupp, F.— Zollverein (1), 649. 677
Kruse, A. T.— Zollverein (1), 19
Kiuse, C. B.— Zollverein (1), 277
Kubler, G.— ZoUvereii: (2), 1 1
Kubo, J., & Son. — Austria, 312
Kuchenreuter,T. A. — Zollverein (2), 21
Kuhinka, F. — Austria, 593
Kuegler, H.— Zollverein (3), ISO
Kuehiist, G.— Zollveveiti (6), 20
Kuebnemuud, J. G. — Zollverein (1),
795
Kue'tner,C. A., Zollverein (1), 236
Kuelzing, C. — Switzerland, 89
Kuliler, J. H. — Haniburijh, 72
Kuhlniann, Brothers. — 1- ranee, 555
Kubmstedt. — Zollverein (I), 747
Kiihn, see Moeser & Kidni
Knbn, C— Zollverein (2), 57
Kubn, J.— Zollverein (4), 102
Kuhn & Sons.— Zollverein (1), 152
Kulberg, V. — Sweden, 1 16
Kullgrin, C. A. — Sweden and Norway,
118 (Eastern End, Outside, 100)
Kullrich, F. — Zollverein (2), 58
Kummer, K. W.— Zollverein (1), 194
Kummer, W. L. — Zollverein (l), 817
Kumpf, J. — Austria, 658
Kums, K. — Belgium, 468
Kundert, F. — Switzerland, 45
Kunerlh, A. — Austria, 333
Kunbanit & Co. — South Africa, 14
Kunheim, L, A. H.— Zollverein (I), 13
Kunst, J. A. — Zollverein (1), 70
Kunz, H.— Switzerland, 128
Kunze, C. F.— Zollverein ()), 120
Kunze, F. — Zollverein (3), 5
Kunzer, J. — France 346. 883
Kupcr, W. — XXII. o2
Kiipfer. — Zollverein (1), 29
Kiipfer & Steinhauser".— Zoll. (1), 52S
Kursteiner, nee Schlapi'er, Schlatter, &c.
Kurtz & Schuiersahl.— II. 9
Kurz, C — Austria, -105
Kuster, see Barre Sc Kuster
Kutzer & Leiner — Austria, 24
Kvaviloff, P.— Russia, 90
I^bat, M.— Spain, 104
I..abbaye. — France, 556
Laboulaye, C. & Co. — France, S5,')
Labouring Classes. Society for improv-
ing the condition of Ine. — xxvu. 124
Lacarriere, A. — France, 1 .'84
I.Acerda, R. V. de S. — Portugal, 19
Lacey & Phillips. — United Stales, 41
Lachapelle & Levarlet. — France, ;2S5
Lachassagne, A. — I'rance, 12b6
Lacombe, L, — France, 557
Lacuur, Brothers. — France, 33
Lacroix. — Belgium, 499
Lacroix, lirothers. — France, 1630
Lacroix & Son. — France, 1^83
Lacy, U. C. — v. 550
Lad'd, C. P.— vni. 80; Canada, 151a
Udd, W.— x. 291a
Lade, E — Hamburgh, 23
Lauies of Great Britain. — xix. 379
Ladies' Industrial Society. — xix. 213
Ladighin, Mad.ime, — Russia, 283
Ladoubee, L. — Belgium, 256
Lafaurie, P. A.— Portugal, 810-850
Lafaye, P.— France, 284
Lafebie, A. — NellierlaniKs, 28. 53
Lailamme, M. A. — Canada, 116. 122
Lafont, P.— Russia, 270-277
Lagerhjelm, P. — Sweden and Norway, 1
Lagrestiz, Elena Nuzzo. — Malta, 1»
Lagreze — France, 1724
Lalioche, P. L— France, 1287
Lahoussc, A. — Belgiuu), 80
Ijalinre.— France, 285
Laibach Carniolian Agricultural So-
ciety.— Austria, 70, 127
Laignel, J. B. — France, 1637
Lailler, E. H.— I'rance, 569
Laine-Laroche & Max. — France, 286
Laing. — xiv. 03
Laing, J.— vm. 315; xx. 133; xx^.
(Fine Art Court) 240 ; British Gui-
ana, 40
Laill^^s, see Dicksons & Laings
Laird & Thomson. — xii. & xv, 199
Liik, 1).— United Stales, 330
Lalaiide & Chevallier, late Mallet, —
France, 1288
La Mancha, Inspector of mines of the
district of. — Spain, 6
Lamb, J.— VII. 216; x. 42 ; xni. 147
Lambert, see Browne and Lambert ;
Houdin & Lambert
Lambert, A. C — xxvu. 70
Lambert, Brown, & Patrick.— xix. S3
Lambert a';d Bury. — xix. 4
Lambert & Butler.— m. 40
Lambert, Eleanor. — x.\ix. 188
Lamberi, Elizabeth.— xix. 229
Lambert, G,— Belgium, 185
I..ambert, J. xii. & xv. 30
Lambert & Rawlinga.^ — xxiii. 102
Lambert, S.— XXVI. 35; France, 10.38
Uimbert & Son. — v. 478 ; xvi. 03 •
France, 1289 '
Lambert, T.— xxii. 534
I.<imberts & May.— Zollverein (1), 579
Lamberts & Son — Zollverein (1), (i(U
Lamberty, Brothers.— Belgium, J5.
Laniberty, C— Belgium 3.
clvi
INDEX OF EXHIBITORS AXD OTHERS
!
It
'in
Laiiiliiiion, tJIricli & Cu. — Zullvereiii
(1), -ifll
Liniliriiachiiii, W.. — Tmcany, 3fi
l.jiinerr, Muilame. — Caniulii, 42,
Luniin, S. L. — SwiHleii and Norway, 13
Lainorf, G.— France, 896
Likmort, J. — Zullvfrein (7), 2
I^miiferliiilT, A., see Laiii|irerlio(r, F.
Lampferholi; J. & A,— ZoUvereiii (1),
4>(5
Liimpitt, C— IX. 130
Laniploiigh, H. — ii. 71
Lam|iort, C— vni. 134
Lamjisoii, C. M.— XVI. 301 (Main
Avenue, Weal.)
Laiittgan, F. — x. 728
Laiicuater. — viii. 346 ; Cuniido, 6
I^iice, B. J.- I. 37
Laiiclieiiick, Jane. — xix. 230
Lancun, see Unuvard & Lancoii
Landau, S. — Zollverfiii (I), 321
Landerl, L. — Austria, 43!)
Landernau Joint Stock Linen Company.
—France, 101»
Lnnilsraff, C— Zollverein (3), 72-83
LanclgraiV, Gotfried. — Zollverein (3\
72-83
Lanilkroflii, J. — Netlierlaiidi, 67
L,uiilmark, T. — Sweilen & Norway, 19
Lanilon, see Ka»t, Landon, &c.
I^tidon & Co.— France, U8!». 12S0
I^aiidon & Mnrland. — v<.,i. 20 1
Landrtin, Brotlieri. — Vrance, lti3H
Landwliermann, Iliotlier*. — Zollverein
(1), 550
Lane, see Caven and Lane
Ijine and I^wis. — xxvii. f'3
Lane, T.— XXVI. 1 28
L ine, W. R.— III. 35 ; xxii. 794
Lmenegger, see Waldbiirger & Lunen-
egger
Li'ienville, V. — France, 287
1^ ig, .\. F.— Zollverein (4), 34
Lan ', F.— Au-lria, ,349. 661
Lang, G.— Znllvflreiu (2), 77
Lang, I. — viii. 226; Anblria, 18j
Lang, I .. — France, 288
Langdal*, Ann & Helen.— xvi. 222
Lingdalf, D.— i. 220
Langdale, E. F. — xxix. 5)
Langdale, H.— xvi. 2. 2
Luiigdun, see Bronkman & Langdon
I^ngdiin & Sons.— XX. 168
Langdon, \V. — xvi. 91
Langdon, W. jnn.— xvi. ^9
Langdorl', see Melert Sc Li.ngdnrf
I^nge, A. — Zollverein (t), 17
Lange, C. — Mtcklenlnirg-Slrelitj, '2
Lange, t)esr,'onlin». — France, I'iJl
Liinge, F. — Zollverein (I), "39
Lange, Franz, & Sons. — Austiia, 179
Lange, H. — Denmark, 42
Langenlieck & Martini. — Zollverein
(1), 576
Langenheim, W. F.— United St,i! , 62
Lnnger, J. — Austria, 329
Langtlhal, G.— Zollvrrein (I), ; -;ii
Langevin & Co. — Franc*', S!<S
l..anggaard, J. P. — Denmark, 18
Langlade.— France, I65Ua.
I^nglands, J. — x. 336
J^ngley, see Murton & Lnngley
I^angloitl & Lecleri'q. — France, 289
Langner, h.— Zollverein (1), 833
T.anne, K. - France, 1641
Lantein & Co. — France, 506
Lantlieere, F. &0>.- llelgiiim, 486
Lapas, 1). -Greece, 10
Laptriere Frairi-., 1710
Lapieirc & Sou— France, 5G1
Lavjicyre (Uncle) Sc Dollieau, —
France, 1202
Lapeyre, Koli, & Co. — France, 1642
Laporta, II. F. — Austria, 387
Lnporte, V. & S.>n.— Fiance, 900
La|uliiii.— Uiissia, 145
r..apten', N.— ltiissia,371
liiiplliiirii, J. — VIII. 1 70
I.ritpwoitli, A. — XIX 232
Lara. '). de.— xxx. (Fine Art Court),
243
f<arlirc, see Fortel, I.arlire, & Co,
Larclier, Fanre, & Co.— France, 1293
Larclier, Joao. — Hoitiigal, 467, 468
F-arcliers & Co.— Portugal, 787-797
Ijarderel, (Jount F. do. — Tuscany, 24
Uirdinois, N. C. — Belgium, 15 1
Lari.«cli-M(ieniiicli, Count H. — .\ustria,
59. 92
Lirivicio, C. — France, 290 '
Ijiroclie, K.— France, 291
Ijiroclie, M.— XXX. (Fine Art Court),
252
Laroqiie, Son, Brothers, and Jaqiiemet.
—France, 90 1
l.arsonnier, see Dernoville, &c.
Ijarstig, M. — Austria, 62
Lart & Son.— XX. 81
Loaaca, J. J. — Spain, 1 13
Uscelles, K.- xxx. (Fine At* Ct.), 18
Lascelles, .1. \V.— XXIX. 123
lAssa, M. II. — Portugal, 1151
I^assiin, A. — France, 50 j
Last, J.— XVI. .33
Last, S.— XVI. 38
Lata.— Porliigal, IIM
Lataclie de Neuvilletle, P. .A. - Fiance,
562
fjilclitii i;e, see Beale, C A; liatilimore
Latolllii & Payeii.— Fr.iin f, 1643
Litli.iin & Digliton.- -xxvi. 2.)l
Litlirop, J. — United Stales. 299
Lalinie, A.— Belgium, 184
Ijilour, A. de.— Belgium, 3ti3
Lattermann & .Sonn. — Zollverein (3),
27
Ijiuclilmmmer.- Zollverein (1) 852
Laiulaclier. — Auslria, 164 a
iMude, A.- -France, 897
I.aue, Kliza.— Swilzorland, 55
L\iie, F.-Switierland, fi5
Liuglier & Cosens.— xix. 10
F.augliland. J. — XX. Ml
r..augier. — France, 1610
Lanniain, C. — France, 202
l.aur, J. A. — Fiance, 5o7
r^urean, L. — France, 2'.)3
Uiiireiiauiliere, lat<i (iuyot, — France,
1294
Liiiinnce, Kliiabetli.— xx. 158
Lhiueiignt, K, — France, 1290
Laurent, 1). -Canailii, 31
' ;iureiit, F.- Fiam-e, 36-1. 1297
; .'^ii-ent-Framoin. France, IU97
Lament, J. U. Viaine, 902
Laurent, Paiili'i" France, 0' 3
Fjaun-nl-Gscll ct bn. -Kraoci , 294
Lainenzi, L. -Austria, lOH
I-aiiret, Urotliers.— France, 903
Liiu'e, U. \V. A in. 195
liaiirie. S. - s. ''76
Laurie, W. -xxvii. 101
Lauiin, J. J. — (.'aiiada, l^0
Ijiury, (i. A. Ki'iiice, .')6b
Laiiteiistehi, sei- Croissan & I..iiitenslein
Laulerliing, F. Swilzerland, -IS
F.auterliuig, J. & Co.— Switzerland, 129
l.aiiti, I,. France, 2(15
Liva. l)c K. HelKinin, 500
Lavaiicliy, J. U, vii. 84
Lavars, J. — viii. 31
Laverilure. — Zollverein (!) 845
Lavernlie & Matliicu dit Verger. —
France, 1298
Laviolette, De Moor. — Belgium, !)(>
Luvoisy, A. D.— France, 1299
Law & Sons,- XXVI. 80
Law, see Buclianan & Ltw,
I^aw, K., nee Law, W. & K.
Law, K.— IX. 94
Imw, U',— VI. 460
Law.W. & F.— XVIII. 10
Lawilen, see Tipping Sc I<awden
Lawlor.— xxx. (Sculpture Court), 22
Lawrence, see lioliliins Sc Lawrence
La»reiice, A., see Lawrence, A. & A,&
Co.
Lawrence, Hon. A. — United Slates, 521
Lawren. e, A. Sc .\. Sc Co. — United
Slaten, 453
Liwreiice & Co.— X, 722
Lawrence, I. — x. 1 15
Lawrence, J., see Liwrence, T. B. & J.
Lawrence, J., sen. — VI. 6U4
Lawrence, M. M. — United States, 151
Lawrence, Stone, Sc Co. — United Stales,
464
Lawrence, Col. T. B. — United Stale.i,
5)6,517
Lawrence, T. B. & J.— xxil. 54
Lawrence, W.— II. 50
Lawson.— North Tramept, 390
Laivmin, A. — xiv. 63
LawsiJii, H.- X. 194
Laivson, J.— xix. 321 ; xxx. 357
Liwson, J. & Co. — XII. & XV, 291
Lawson, P. Sc Son. — in. l')5
I<aw8on & Sons.^ — vi. 75
L.ixton, H.— XXII. 106a
l.aya & Co. — Algeria, 3'2
Lavard, Caroline M.— xxx. (Tine .Art
Conn). 78
Laycock, J.— ix. 134
Laycock & Snis.— xvi. 330
Layilet, sen., & Co. — France, 296
Laz-ire, V. sen., & Lacroix. — France,
9(15
Lea, A.— II. 105
Lea, J., see Lea, \V. & J.
Lea, W. & J.— XXII. 065
Leadi, H. J., .we Leach, M. S. & H. .L
Leach, M.S.&H.J.— liiiiled States, 155
Leach & Sons. — XII. & XV. 5
Leach, T.— VI. 7.
Leudliealer, J. — xxii. 500; xxiX. 221
Leailhetter & Co.- xiv. 03
liCadhelter. J. Sc Co. — XII. & XV.
205 ; xiv. 9
I.eadlieller, J. (i.— V. 650
Lc.ike. F. XXX (I'ilie Art Court), 6 iA
Leal. F. .\L C. -I'oilinral, 31, 32, 65-
07, 73. 74, 7.^, 79, 497, 5r.
LealeS; Alhiecht.— xxiX. 108
Lean, J.- i. 44i
Lear, Klleii, sie Rankin, Kiiiily, &c.
Leared, A.— x. 620
Learmonth.T.—NewSoulh Wales, S, 12
Learned & llevnolds. United Males
31
Learned & Tliatclier.— United States,
100
Le.iiuyd, K. — XII. & XV. SO
Learwood, T. — xxii. 5/'8
Lcary & Co.— United Stales 130
Le.isiv, Mr.s. J.- I'niled hlales, 103
(.eatliart, T. — xvi, 31 /
Leallier, J. W. VII. 107 (Main A\c-
ime, West)
l.r.ner, J.— xxil. 5S3
Leavebley, see Hands & Lpave^ley
H
It •
wmz
WHOSE NAAIES APPEAR IN THE CATALOGUE.
civil
. 10
Ic IiHwiIfii
(lire Court), 21
< & Lawrence
rreiicp, A. Si \,8c
fptice, T. B. & J.
. (HI4
liteil Stiitpf, 151
). — UiiitetlStiitrg,
, M. S. & H. J.
iiiled States, 155
XV. 5
mil Wales, S, 12
Uiiiteil stales
!)" (Miiin A\c-
Leavilt, VI.— Caiuul.i, liill
Lebaijiiie.— m. 29
l.eliedu, A. \' , — Au«tria, Hi
Leiiel, L.^Kraiice, 1300
Lebert, L. — France, Jii'J
Lebihaii, K.— x. Ot&A
l«lilaiic, A, — l-'raiice, '207
Lehleid, H— France, 370
J.el.h.ml, J. D.— France, MO I
Leiiere, see lii)iiili)iii & Lelieru
LeljriMi, •*.— Fiance, -298, .171
l^eliriili. J. A. jilli. — Fiance, 672
Leiiriiii, L. J. — France, <JU6
Lecunil, S.— xxvi. 18U
l>eclieif, — liel^inm, JZO
Ijecliesne. — Fiance, 573 (Main Avenue,
Kasi)
Lecliemie, Hrolliers. — France, 574
Lecliner, K. — Auatria, 031
Lecliner, M.— Austria, 406
Leclerc, Urotliers, — France, 570
Leclerc. H. — France, 2'J9
Leclerc, J, —Fiance, 5r3
Leclercq, A. — Uelgiuni, 425
Leclercij J F. — Uelijiiim, ^8
Leclercfi, N. — France, IH02
l.eclerq, see Langloin and Locleiq
Lccucq, H. — France, 1614
Lecoi'ii-Previllc. — France, 1 303
Leciieiitre. — France, 300
Lcciiinte, see Hiiiiiet, &c.
I-ec(iq & Reider. — Fiance, 1 .304
LecDiilire, A. — .Switzerlaiui, 25
LeCDultre, Unillieis. — Switzerland, 90
214
Leeoultre, G.— Switzerland, 202
Leciiiiltre & Golay.— Switzerland, 203
Leconllie, J. — Switzerland, 215
Leeoultre, 1)., & Son. — Switzerland, 32
Lecun & Co.— France, 1306
Leddiard & Co. — xviii. 38
Ledeiit, M.— Bpl({ium, 148
Ledger, C;. — xxil. 155
I.edmix, A. — Switzerland, 58
I.edieiiey, C. — France, l:j07
Lediic, (.;. — Krance, IGIJ
I.ee, see M'(ire(;i)r& Leo ; UIgliy & Lee
Lee, IJ.— xxill. 71
Lee, C— II. (i'J
Lee, F.— xxviii. 35
Lee, U. — viii. 136 ; xxii. G93
Lee, G. L. — xxvi. 402.
Lee, J.— V. 5117; x. 614; xix. 241;
XX. 110a; XXV. 48
Lee, Or. J.— I. 125
Lee, J. & Co —United Slale^ 530
Lee,, I. G.— XXX. (Fine Art Court), 311
I.ee, L. — XXVI. 133
Lee, R.— XXIX. 185
I^e, T. — VIII. 10
Lee, W.— I'niled Stales. 332
Leeli, .I.-Z,.lIv.Meln(2), b9
Leecli, l>.-~L'iiiled States, 159
Lt'eirian, X.— Swiizerl.iiiil, 2j", 258
Lpenrnr, J.— xiv. 41
Leenipoel, \'aii, di! Coliiet & Co. —
Fiain:e, 714
Leendeit, see Oeyl, Van 'ler, &c.
Leeien .Waiiulactory.- Sweden and N )r-
way, 39
Lees, A. — XX. 127a
lA'es, G., see Lees, U. & G.
Lets, .1.— XXX. (l'"iiie Art Court), 195
Lees, U. & Co.- XIX. 79
Lees, li. & G.— XII. & XV. 192
I.<es, T.- V. 204.
LeesoM, Dr. H. B. I. 8
Leraucheiix.l'" lance, 1308
l.el'elire, see DcilueiiiUe, &c.
Lulebie L. J. jnn.— Nctlierlaiids, 107
Lerelmip, A. — France, 164il
I.eruliure, J. U. — Fraiice, 578
Ijt'lebvre, A. — Uelniiini, 40 I
Lefebvie, A. P., France, 577.
Lct'etivre, Dintliers. — France, 5/9
Leielivre, Son, & Co.— France, 907
Leiebvre, T. & Co.— France r.80
Lelebvre, V. & CIo.— Uelglum, 334
Leievre.- France, 581, 1311, 1048
Lel'ivre, E — France, 1312
Lel'evre, Diicatleau, Brutberi, — France,
1.S09
Lerraiitols.— France, 301, 582
fiehUy, see Uiieiii|if, Uoelir, & Lefaky.
Leltwicli, VV. IL— viii. 27
Legal, R. — I'rance, 583
LeKijatt.— v. 640
Leg-iitt, H.— Canada, 341
I^',!,'ler, — Kaslerii end (outside) 103.
Le^olY, see Uurlmlin & Ia-kM'.
■.rf^j-rand, see Mursaux & Legrand ;
Scluieider, Brotliera, & Legrand
Legraiiil, D. — France, 1313
Legrand, M. — France, 584
Legras, A.— Belgium, 47
T.«gra8, L. N. — vii. 93
Legrew, J. — Pago 851 ; xxx. (Sculpture
Coiirl), 8
Lelimann, A, F.— Zollverein (1), 197
Leiiinaiin, C. (•. — Zollverein (3), 107
Lelimann, 1). J. — Zollverein ( I ), 136
Lelimann, IL— Zollverein (1), 138
Leliiiiaiin, .1. A. — Hambuigli, 49
Lebmann, M. — Zollverein (l), 167
lieliMianii, H. — Zollverein (I), 47
l^lirer, see Kiitzer anil Lolirer
Lehrklnd, Falkeiirotli, & Co. — ZuU-
voreln (1), 447
Leiirniaiin, J. J. A.— Hariiburgli, 47
Leliuby, — France, 302
I.eiclior, A. — Zollverein (8), 6
LeidenlVost, E. — Auslria, 192
Leilchllil, II. S.— Page 851
Leigli, K. — v. 61.
Leii^liton. — xxx. (Fine Art Court,) 112
Leiglilon, J — XXX. (Fine Art Court), 59
Leigliton, J. & J. — XVII. 24
Leigliton, Jane & II.— xvii. 158
Leigliton, R., sec Leigliton, .lane, & R.
Leinikiielier. — Zollverein (I), 398
Leinster, G. L. — France, 1716
Leipzig, Society of Worsled S|iiiiner8 at.
-Zollverein (3), 44
Leisegaug, W. — Zollverein (1), 149
Leistler, C. & Son. — Austria, 633
Leistner, G, L. — France, 908
Leitcli & Hammond. — XXV. 50
Ijeitenberger, K. — Austria, 186
Leitenberger, F. — Austria, IH7
Leilli, S.— xxx. (Fine Art Court), 114
I.ejiune, K. — France, 1314
L^lean, P.— xxix. I8.j
Lemaieiir, C, Detige & Co. — Belgium,
300
I^maire. — France, 1315; see also
Gevel.it X: Limaire
Lemaire-Ucscamps & Plissart. — Bel-
giiiin, 240
Lemaire, H. — Fiance, 586. (Main
AveiHie, Fast).
Lemaiiv, P. II. France, 586
Lemaitie, see Bleriot & Lei;i.iilre
l.emaitre, U.- Fiance, 1316
1-emann, J., & ^on. - Austria, 205
Lemare, Jane Clara. — xxix. 79
Limeri-ier, K. .1.— France, J-^7
Lemire, see Bobee S; Lemire
Lemire & Son.— I'rance, 16 19
Lemoit, A. K. — France, 303
Lemon, see Gialiain, Li'iuuii, & Co.
Lemuniiier. — France, 301
Lemoiinier & Co. — France, 909
Ix-mseigne, L. — France, 1 728
l4<ii(lenmauii, J. C— Switteriand, 232
Lendeiiinanii, T. C— Switzerland, 50
Lendy, N.— Sardinia, 60
Leniian, W.— xvi, 61
Lennoii, R.— xviii. 77
l^nnox, V. M. K.— XX. 147
Lenny, J. T.— xvi. 27
Lenurmaiid, Me Brunicr, Lenormaiid,
&Cu.
Lenormand, A. — France, 688
Lenox, see Brown, I^nox, & Co.
f^inasen, J. — Austria, I73a
Lenlalgne, J. — I. 5, 138
Leni, C. — Zollverein (4), 07
Leun. — France, 305
Leon, .\.— XXII. 225
Leon District, Iniiiector of Mines of. —
S|iain, 17
T.«un, J.— Spain, 274
Leon-Clement & Bourgeois.— France,
.306
T.«oii, L, — New Soutli Walet
Leon y Rico, K. de.— Spain, 243
Leonard, C— France, • 9
I.«onard, D. — Belgium, 198
Leonard, J, & T. P.- ill, 20
Leonard, S. W.— x. 306
(..eoiiard, St., Comimny of (Liege). —
Belgium, 374
Leonard, T. P., see Leonard, J. & T. I\
Leonesa Astiirian Co.— Spain, 21
Leonbatdt, J. K.— Zollverein (I), .55
Lepage. — Belgium, 1 45 ; see also
i^liailloux, r^|iaf.'e, & Pucbon
Ijeiieletier. — Algeria, 33
r^|iei.lriel. — France, 307
lupine, F. D.— France, 910
I^pori, T. — 'I'uscany, 47
Lepper, G. — Zollverein (2), 6
Lequesne, K. E. Ij. — Main Avenue, East
Lerklie. — Russia, 311
LeroUes, Brotbers. — France, 1318
r.«rouge.— Belgium, 246-250
Leroux.— France, 308, 309
l^roux-Maingult. — France, 447
Leroy & Co.— United States, 586
Leroy & Son.— Friiiice, 1186.
Leroy Soyer. — France, 1320
Lervilles, J. — France, 591
F^rwick Local Committee. — XX. 2!3\
I^saca, J. J. — Spain, 113
Lescliesne, A. J. B. — France, 373
I.esderniei'es, P. T.C. de. — Canada, 24
Lesecq, H.— France, 592
Lesigne, T. — Belgium, 279
Leslie.— XXII. b7; sec alsj M'Uonald
& Leslie
Leslie, J.' — XXII. ;0l
Lesourd-Delisle, A. — France, 593
I>e8pinasse. — France, 31 1
Lesseiux & Son —France, 1321
Lester, see Biadv, D'Avigiion, & Lester
Lesler, T.—v. 700 ; xix. 236
Leiaurel, J. H. — Jersey & (Guernsey, 47
Leiellii r, see Louis, Blais, &c.
Letlieni, iUytb, & Leiliem.— XI. 9
Letliuillier-lMnel. — France, 312
Letonriieur, J. — vil. Main Avenue,
West, 157
Letlenmeyer, T. — Zollverein (4), 75
Lettillois, F. L. G.— Fiance, 1322
Leiiba, H. — Switzerland, 91
Leube, Brotbers. — Zollverein (4), 5
Leucliars, \V. — xxix. 44
LeudeisdorlV, A. C— Zollverein (1), 387
Leumann, Brotbers. — Switzerland, 130
Leiinonscbloss, M. — Frauce, 313
civiii
INDEX OF EXniniTORS AND OTHEllS
i
Leuictiner, ler. StuuM & Lfiiacliiirr
I^vui'let, nee Luclia|ielle& Levurlet
I^viuheff. -Himiii, JOB
I^treii, F.— Zollver.<iii (1), J23
Leven & Son. — France, 1323
Lever, J, & J .— xvi. '.^4
Leverkiis, C. — ZoUverein (I), 875
Levert, Brolheri. — France, 1324
Levey, J. — Canada, 73, 130
Levick, see Owen & Levick
I^vien, J, M. — xxvi. 203
Levin & Sont.— /ullverein (I), 1 II
I^vraud, P. J.— France, 51)4
I^vy, »(!« Roliton, Levy, &c
I^vy, Rrotliem. — France, i9.'>
I^vy, H.— Zollv«reln(3), 31
Levy, W.— III. 120
J^wln, H. G. — XVI. 165
I^wis, see Lane & Lewis
I^wi« & Allenhy.— XII. & xv. 27G;
XIII. 16; XXIX. 141
Lewii, Misa — xxix. US
Lewia, Mti. C— xvii. 103
Lewis, C. B.— V. U02
Lewii, D.— XXX. (Fine Art Court)^ 143
Lewia, G, — xxii, 673
Lewis, R. — Canada, 241
Lewis & Son. — xx. 114
Lewia & Sons. — vi. 2U9
Lewis, T.- New Zealand, 13
Lewis, W. — xil. & XV. 23tj
Lewy, Rrothem. -Zollverein (1), 198
Ley, jf.— XIX. 255
Leyland, (lapt.- — Main Avenue, East,
103 ; Rome, 16
Leyser, M, L.^Zollverein (3), 16
Llioest, C. v.— France, 012
Lias & Son. — xxiii. 1 26
Liclilental, M. — Russia, 172
Lirlill, J.— Austria, 523
Lidlieri;, A. G. — Sweden, 7C
Liddfll, J. J.— X. 362
Liddiard & Co. — xviil. 3
Liel)ig, F. — Austria, 24 1
Liebig, J.^Austria, 298
Liehixcli, J. — Austria, 188
Lieclifielil.— XXX. (Fine Art Court), 330
Lieck, A.— Zollverein (1), 436
Liedel, C. L— Zollverein (1), 276
Lieder, F. — Austria, 524
Liegard, H. — France, 1651
Lief^e, Royal Cannon Foundry. — Bel-
gium, 142
Lienard, M. J.— France, 1326
Licnart-Chan'aux, Madame, — Belgium,
242
Lienliardt, P.— Zollverein (J), 43
Liepuiann, J. — Zollverein (1), 147
Lieske & llaebler. — Zollverein (3), 52
Lietzmaini,J.C.H. — Zollverein (1), 182
J.ieviiin, L, — Ilelgiuni, 351
Lievigliani. — Tuscany, 6
Lievre, 11. I^e. — xviii. 60
Liewen, Madlle.de. — Sv.eden & Norway,
32
Ligar, C. — New Zealand, '17
Light, E.— viii. 5
Liglitfoot, T. M.— VI. 152
Liglitly & Simon. — Trinidail. Mexico.
Ligliton, J. — III. I
Lignac, Martin de. — France, 922
LikliaclielV, V. — Russia, 325
Lillywhite, J. — viii. 273
Lillywliite & Sons. -XXIX. 196
Lima, J. M. da. — Portugal, 905
Lirnelelte, F. -Belgium, 3S1
Limerick Local C;ommittee. — l. 212
Limes, see Alcaii & Limes
Limeuse, Charlotte. — xxx. (Fine Art
Court), 179
Limoges, D,— Canada, 40
Linurei, the Director of tli« Mines of. —
S])ain, 5
Linares Lead Mining Aiaociation. —
S|iaiii, 14
r^imner, L.— xvii. 24, 47. 158) xxx,
(Fine Art Court), 35, 211
Lincoln & liennett,— xi. 07
Lindauer, Miss E. L,— Zoll. (4), 101
Linden, P. Van. — Belgium, 512
Linden, A., Van der. — Nellierlands, 09
^in(leni>erg, J.— South Africa, 45
Ijinder, see Wi>x S^ Lindrr
Linder, B.— Zollverein (1), 629
Linder, H. — Switzerland, 152
Linderotli. — Sweden, 80
Liiidgren, C. — Sweden, 96
Liiidheim, H. D.— Austria, 422
Lindley, C.-i. 187
Lindsuy & Co. — viii, 134
Lindsay, G, — II. 10
Lindsuy, H. IL — Cliino
Lindsay, J.— xvii. 200
Lindsays, see Crawford & Lindsays
Liiidsey, M.-x. 013
Liiidt, see Meyer & Ijindt
Line, J., see Line, \V. & J.
Line, \V. & J.— xvi. 120
Lines it Co.— xvii. 108
Lingard, G. — xxii. 264
Lingenhritik !k Veiniemaiin, Zollverein
(l).52li
Lingham, T. — Canada, 49
Linhares, Count de. — Portugal, 483, 484
Liuioges, I). — Canada, 46
Linkliiter. — xx. 174
Linklater, J.— ii. 82; in. 24
Linley, see Hemsworth & Linley
Linley, G. A. F.— xxil. 231
Liidey & Sons. — XXII. 41
Linton, J. — v. 116
F.iMton, W.— XXIX. 142
Linz, J. L. — Zollverein (2), 5
Lion, Brothers, & Co. — France, 1327
Lipke, VV.— Zollverein (I), I6,>
Lipp, R. R.— Zollverein (4), 22
Lip|), Fredrichvon. — Zollverein (I), 058
Lip|)e, Count, — Zollverein (I), 310
Lip|)ert, D.— iv. 97
Lippincott, Grambo, & Co, — United
States.— 57
Lippmann, Julius. — Austria, 40
Lipscomlie & Co. — x. 703
Li|)8combe, F. — v. 070; xxv. 01; Van
Diemens Land, 42. 174, 297. 3,18
Li])9comlie, J. & Co. — xxv. 54 ;
xxvii. 49
Lipski, Von. — Zollverein (I), 25
LislMjii Comiittny. —Portugal, 707-712
Lisbon Weaving Company. — Portugal,
084-712. 715. 723
Liscoet, Du, .Son & Co. — France, 1328
Lisiiisk Forest Institution.— Russia, h3
Liskeard Committee. — i. 107. 513
Lissu, Corjioration of Millers al. — Zoll-
verein (1), 35
List, G. B.— X. 17.')
Lister, sfc Ilebhlethwaite & Lister
Lister & Sons, xxill. 27
Liszt, A. — Austria, 10.5
Litchlicld, .1. -XXX. (Fine Art Cf.) .'130
Lilht,'ow & Purdie.— XXVI. lOj; Bay,
P. I.
Litke, J.— Russia, 220
Litschke, C — Austria, 078
Little & Co.-xxix. 174
LitUe, R. De. — \'aii Diemen's Land,
;t09, 310
Little, Major R. .1. v. 470; x. I'.Hi
Littlehaics, P.- x. 333
Littler, Mury Aim,— xii. & xv, 282
Littmaii, E.- Sweden and Norway, 15
Liver|M)ol I<ocal Committee. — Page
831; xxix, 270
Liviiiana, Avo Krcole, — Rome, 14
Llangennech Coal Company.— i. 35!)
Lloyd, see Campbell, Harrison, &c. ;
Suit Si Lloyd
Lloyd, A,— XXIX. 6
Lloyd, E.— V. 48
Llovd, «,— v. 300
Lloyd, O, ».— XXII. 357
Lloyd, Lieut.-Col. J. A.— X. 322
Lloyd, J. P.- XVI, 117
Lloyd, L. J.— United States, 78
Lloyd, R.— XVII, 25
Lloyil & Snmniertteld.— XXII, 700a •
XXIV. IS
Lloyd, W. & Co.— XII. & XV, 2.^4
Lubkowiti, Prince Ferdinand Von.—
Austria, 16. 0.3. 58. 124. 404
I^lmrgh Muniifactory.— Zoll. (I), 694
[.ocatelli, see Alcan & Locatelli
Lof.hhead, J.— xxiv. 23
Locke, L— XII. & xv. 15
Locker, D'.Aiituiiio. — Austria, 358
Lockvrby & Stephenson. — xxii, 439
Lockett, O. — xxv. 55
Lockliart & Sons. — xiv. 57
Lockington, see Runn, Lockington, &c.
Lockwood, Georgiana.— XIX. 240
Lockwood& Keighley, — xil. & xv. 104
Lockyer, J. H. — v. 582
Lodde,— France, 1329
LiMldiges, J. Si Sons.— Page 851
LoelT, S,— Zollverein (I), 192
Loewe, see Nauen, & Co,
Liieweiison, M. — Zollverein (1), 437
Loewenstork, A. D. — xxiii. 02
LiJIIIer, F.— Austria, 339
Logan, .L— Canoda, 27. 57
Logan, W, E. — Canada, 1
liOgeman, \V, M, — Netherlands, 87
I^)hdellnk, W. A.— Honover, 4
I.K)he Steelworks.- Z(dlverein (1), 324
Lobmann, F. — Zollverein (1), 030
Lohn.— Zollverein (0), 29
L)h8e, E,— Zollverein (3), 85
Fjoin, see Seriotme De. Loin, & Co,
LoktelV, J.— Russia, 204
Lolagnier. — France, 1330
Loleo, J. — Sar<liniu, 58
Ijomas, J. — xxvii."bI
Loinas & Kves — xvi, 125
Lonmx, W. R.— ix. 275 ,
Liindiuer, ,T, B, — Belgium, 201
Lombard, — Franco, 9 1 3
Lombard, A. C. — Switzerland, 245
I.onibaril Si Hall. -United States, 428
Lomburdi, A. — Tuscany, 75
Lonibard-Juniieau, C. A.— Switzerland,
9;i
Loncke-IIaeze, C. L. — Belgium, 430
I>ondon Art Union. — xxx. (Sculpture
CourV) 85
London, 1). II.— United States, 393
Tiondon Dinggists. — ii, 117
London Marble and .Stone WoiUing
Company. — xxvil, 17
London \, North-Weslern Railway
roni|«uiy, V. 512, jl3
Loudon Spice Trade.-- in. 53
Londos. A. — Greece, 6
Ii<mg, C— XXIV. 86
Long, C, A,— v. 062
I.iong, G,— XX, 16a
Lon;,', ,1.-1, 78. 123a; iv, 47; see also
Long, J. Si .1. & Co,
Long, ,1. it J. & Co. — VIII. 71 ;
XXII. 290a
■•ynOSE NAMES APPEAR IN THE CATALOGUE.
dix
47 ; Are also
- VIII. 71 :
Long, J. P.— vni. 175
L(iri(f & Keynolili.— IV. li.-
rA)nB.W.-i. l'Jl>
Longden & Co.— XXII. 105
Loiigilon & Sdiih— XX. 108
liOiigdnn & Tuhberer.— X. Hi
Longfleld, W.— xxii. 503
Longley, W. H. — xxx. (Fine Art
Court) 95
Longmaid, VV.— I. 411
Loiigmnn, J. k K.— xxx. (Fine Art
Ciiirt) 238
Longridge & Co. — Wentt-rn end, North
encloinre (Outside), 57; vill. 333
LongttalT, nee Dixon & Ijongstull', UUa-
tliornes & LnngitaflT
Longworth, N.— United States, 199
Loukiitin & Son. — Ruaiio, 310
Lonidule Co. — Rhode Iiland, United
Stales, 35
Loo, F., «e« Loo, E. J. & F. A'lin
Loo, K. J. & F. Von.— Belgium, 339
Loose, C. L. — Hambnrgli, 74
Loose, J. R. — Hamburgh, 75
Loosen, J. G.— Zolverein (1), 336
Loot.— X. 690
Lopes, T. J.— Portugal, 1234
Lord, Lynch, & Co.— United Stales, 366
Lorenti, F.— Zollverein (1), 388
Lorenz, Alois — Austria, 75
Lorenz, 6. — ZoUverein (1), 37
Loretie, Indians of. — Canada, 177
Loriiig, G. — United States, 424
Lorkiii, J.— XXII. 692 ; XXV. 52
Lorse, B.— ZoUverein (3), 85
Lorthiois-Desplanque. — France, 314
Lortic, P. M.— France, 1632
Loschenkold, C. — Austria, 523
I^bsclienkolil, J. — Austria, 526
Losehy, K. T.— x. 12 ; xxii, 796
Loshkarefl'. — Russia, 33
lessen, M. — ZoUverein (8), 2
Lolt, G.— Russia, 272
Lotz & Gerstner. — Austria, 594
Loudcrhack, M. J. — United Stales, 7
LouRh, J. G.— Page 850
Louis, Ulais, Letellier, & Co. — France,
31o
Louit, Brothers, & Co. — France, 316
Louie', Marquis de. — Portugal 401b,
578
Loureiro, A. J. — Portugal, 647
Loureiro, A. G.— Portugal, 716-720.
727
Love, J.— ^xxii. 332
Lovegrove, H. jun. — xxvi. 23
Lovejoy, G. — x. 158; xvii. 176; see
also Cowslade & Lovejoy
Lovelaoe, Earl of. — xxvu. 87
Lovenskiold. — Sweden & Norway, 35
Loveridge, see Shoolbred, Ac.
Low, A.— IX. 2G4
Low & Co.— XXIX. 30
Low, J.— I. 4S9
Low & Motion. — New Zealand, 24
Lowcock, H, — IX. 28
Lowe, see Mapplebe'ck & Lowe
Lowe, A. & Co. — VII. 02
Ix)we, G. G. — VII. 145
Lowe, H., see Lowe, J. & H.
I/)we, J. & H. — XXII. 346.
Lowe, T.— XXV. 39
Lowe, VV— vii. 33
Lowell Machine Sliop. — United Stales,
447
Lowentlial & Co. — Hamburgh, 91
Lowes, T. V. — Van Diemen's Land,
191. 286
Lowry, see Rogers, Lowrv, &c.
Lowry, J. W I. 18a. ■
Iiowry, 8. — x. 10
Lowlhiaii & Parker. — xi. 22
lioy, F. Van.— llelgiuni, 508
L(iy, W. — XXI. 14
Loy, W. T. jun.— XXI. 15
Loysel, E.— xxii. 488
Luurd, Beedham, & Co. — i. 176
LUbbert, E.— ZoUverein (1), 24
Lucardie, J. M.— Netherlands, 103
Lucas, Brothers.— XXIX. 316 ; France,
1331
Lucas, F. — XXIX. 49
Lucas, F. W. & C— ZoUverein (1), 650
Lucas, G.— XXIX. 110. 277
Lucas, H.— XXIX. 127
Lucas, M. — ZoUverein (1), 8
I ucas, P. jun. — xxvi. .397
liucas, R. C— xxx. (Fine Art Court),
3Ufi
Lucas, R. & Co.— New Zealand, 40
Lucas & Son.— XXII. 2U4a
Luce, P. N.— France, 1332
Lucena,tiie Corporation of. — Spain, 231a
Lucius, J. C. & Co.— ZoUverein ( 1 ), 720
Luckhaus & Gunlher.— Zoll. (I), 631
Luckman, see Woodhouse & Luckman
Lucq, see Dnndoy, Maillard, & Co.
LUdens.— 2 llverein (I), 682
Ludiam, r> - United .States, 389
Ludwig, F.- \ustria, 670
Luedlich, W.- ZoUverein (1), 61
Lueiidorf, see Jansen and Luelidorf
Luehdortt', J. & Co.— Zoll. (1), 584
Luer, A. — France, 1.133
Luettringhaus. — ZoUverein (6), 63
Luetwiti, Freiherr Von. — ZoU. (1) 42
Lull', J. — XXVII. Ill
LulV & Son.— X. 477
Lugo, Breuse, & Cdrunna, Inspectors of
Mines of. — Spain, 18
Liihme, J. F, & Co., see Metier, U. &
J. F. Luhme
Lumm & Ruetten. — ZoUverein (I), 531
Lumsden, — Van Diemen's Land, 145,
146 ; see also Wynne & Lumsden
Lumsden, Miss I. — xxx. (Fine Art
Court), 123
Lunau, B. H. — Lubeck, 6
Lund. — XII. & XV. 163 ; Belgium,
476 ; see also Barraud & Lund
Lund, W. — France, 15
Lundiierg, R. — Sweden & Norway, 11
Lunde, P. F. — Denmark, 12
Lundgren, P. W.— Sweden, 100
Lundqvist, A. — Sweden & Norway, 11
Lundy, J. A. V. — France, 914
LundyFoot & Co.— iii. 44
Luntley, J.— x. 237
Lunlley, J. & Co.— xxx. 214
Lupp & Son.— ZoUverein (1), 605
Ltippold. — ZoUverein (1), 81
Lupton, see Raynes, Lu])ton, & Co.
Lupton, J. — XVI. 3
Lupton, W. & Co.— XII. & XV. 33
Lurasco, Brottiers. — Netherlands, 100
Luscombe, f^e Toms & Luscombe
Lusk, A.— ZoUverein (1), 140
Lusprin, see Gay & Lusprin
Lussy & Co. — Switzerland, 153
Lutch, J.— Russia, 179
Lutge & Parsons.- XVI. 310. .328
Luther, G.— ZoUverein (3), 187
Lilttig, C— ZoUverein (1), 81
Lutwyche & George. — xvi. 33
Lutz. — Switzerland, 94
Lutze, Brotiiers.- ZoUverein (1), 103
Lutzou, de. — Algeria, 34
Lux, lirothers. — ZoUverein (1), 7'J6
Luz, K. J. da. — Portugal, 7 Jli-709. 775,
770
Lydes,— IX. 141
Lyell, Me Cornell, Lyell, &c.
I.ymington & Co. — xi. 55
Lynam, U.- Canada, 131
Lynch, see XjotA, Lynch, & Co.
Lynch & Inglit.— V. 24
Lyon k Co.— I. 226
Lyon, K.— United States, 221
Lyon, W.— XXVI. 30
Lyons, Agricultural Society. — France,
1337
Lyons,. Chamber of Commerce.—
France. 1141. 1505
Lyons, O.— VIII. 86. 136
Lyonv, J.— xx. 67
Lyons, M.— vi. 203
Maas, H. — Netherlands, 4
Mabey, J.— xxx. (Fine Art Court), 141
Mahire. — France, 1334
Mabrun, P.— France, 053.
M'Adams, J. & W.- United States, 482
M'Adams, W., see M'Adams, J. & W.
M'Alister & Tannehill.— United States,
362
McAlpin, Stead, Se Co.— XVlll, 14.
Macalpine, W.— xxii. 548
MacAnaspie, P. k J. — I. i3lA
McArthur, see Ramsay k McArthur
Macarthur, D. & Co xix. 60
Macarthur, Lieut.-Col. E. — New South
Wales, 13
Macbay, VV.— v. 586
M'Bride & Co.— XI. 6
McCall, see Ritchie & McCall
McCallum — xviii. 64.
Mcl'allum & HodsDii — xxvi. 136
McCann, J.— III. 153
M'Carten, H.— xix. 246
M'Carthy,— XXIII. 112
M'Carthy, H.— Page 831
M'Cartnev & Drummond. — ix. 248
M'Cay, f.— XIV. 19
M'Clelland, D.— viii. 110
McClintock, G. — xxviii. 20
M'Clintock, J. & Co.— xx. 152
McClure& Co.— vi. 160
M'Clure, J.— xxii. 568
McConnell, 1. E.— v. 539
M-Cormick, C. H.— United States, 73
M'Cra.— XX.218
McCracken, J. & R. — Austria, 590
McCracken, R., see McCracken, J. & R.
M'Crea, H. C— xii. & xv. 135
M'CuUoch, see Glassford, Skinner, &c.
McCuUoch, C— II. 96
MaccuUocli, Dr. J. — Canada, 72
McCuUoch, S. D.— United Slates, 70
McCuUum. J.— XXII. 523
McCuUum, M.— III. 133
McCuUy, C. — New Brunswick, 11
M'Curdy, st'<! Jones, White, &c.
Macdaniel, O.— United States, 166
M'Darmid, Miss. — xix. 217
McDermott, F. — New Brunswic!., 18
Macdona, G.— xil. & xv. 260
M'Donald, A.— xxvii. 66 ; Rome, 30
Macdonald, Dr. — x. 357
Macdonald, Major C. — i. 20
Macdonald, D. & J. & Co.— xix. 60
Macdonuld, J.- — viii. 329 ; see also Mac-
donald, 1). & J. & Co.
Macdonald, L.— Uoine, 18
McDonald & Leslie. — xxvii. 74
Macdonald, Margaretta.— xix. 242
MacDonald, Sopliia. — Jersey & Guern-
sey, 29
McDonnell. — xxx. (Sculpture Court),
30
■i ■
elx
INDEX OF RXnrniTORS AXn OTTIERS
i
Mad). Mil. K. J.-x. 07
Mac(l.ni;{.ill, D.— XVI. 331 ; XX. S.J
Marl),.wall, C.~ X, 08
fll'Dowall, \V. xvi. 170
M.i-Dowell, P.— Page 830; xxx.
(Srnlptiirc (!i)iirl), 01
Mari', J. M, KraiicH, IllJIi
Mat' ilo, J. J. il.i. — PiirliiKal, 4I)T>
Maniirlan, J. F. Si Co II. 107
McKarlaiie, A. — ('aiiuii.i, I'.M
McKarliiiii>, Hinlliei*. — xix, '243,
MacK.iil.iiif, G. X. 673
.■NldFarlinc it I'lH-ter— XIX. 03
Macfailaiic, Sou &Co.— xn. &xv. '297
j\Ii!(>.iiry & Sims. III. I3'i
M'ine, J. «. & Co.— XX, 118
McCietliick, K. viii. JSS
McdililwM, K.-xi. 2i)
Mc(iili!..)n, .1,- XVI. U7
Mc(iill.iii&Sii1> vail.— Canada, 103
McGinn, T. — Cmatla, 01
:M'Givan & .Snlliv.m— Caim.li, 1(10
MncSregor, J. W xxviii. 1-10
MT.renor & Lee. t'nited .Stales, L'O
M'GreKor, M.-^xxiii. 4(!
Macliailo, K..\. — I'lirtug.)),.')!
M'Hurily, xxx. (Fine .\rl Com'), .12)
.Madiell,'! X. O.il ; XXII. O.li)
.Al'Henr.r, — l/iiilcd .Stuli-s, .301
Macliet-.Muroto,-- Y'l nice, 5".H)
Maulily, — Franee, 13
Maclion, J.— XXII. 108
Mactit, H. W.— Z<)llverein(I), "30
M.iiiniloe, O. P. -VI, . (.
McK IV & Co.— Canada, 141
Macka,. VV. II.— IX. 81
iVl'Kay, VV. L.— Ncwroiuidlaiiil
MacKean, \V.— xxix. 28
M.K'kie, A. — Nev. iii ,vick, 7
Macheller & Hi .n|isun. MX. 231
ALicintiisli, J.- f. 28
M'Kenitie, J.— United Slates, 569
McKenzie, 1).— vi. 39
MKenzie, A.— x.xii. 41 «
iMackenzif, J. S.— VI. 3N; vii. 12 j
M'Keiizif, Mrs. — ^Van J/ieuiens I iuid,
107. 170
>1acK.M'/ie, W.— >;vu. !'i
Ma<;;.eii«i.', M'. H.— x\. Mi
Miickie &.->>•.. -Wj. 104
Mackie, \V.— v»l. 120
McKillican.— III. 114
McKillop, New Ur.niswick, 5
Mackiiitosli & Co, — xxvin. 70; India,
IV.
Mackinlusli, T. — Bel^'inm, 471
McKirdy, .1, G. — vii. 4
Mackmurdu, see Daw, .Macmurdo, &
Co.
Jl.ickn.ry, F.-vil. 173
M'Laclil.ni, J. — VII. 181; xxvi. 337;
Van Dicinen'ii Laixl, 348
MacLardv, L.— vi. 200
AIcLiiren, VV.— viii. 139
Made, Van. — Delgiiim, 1()8
M'Lean. — Vii. 72; xxvi. .'i8G ; (Main
Avenue, West); Nova Scolia; tee
also Ciio|)er& .Maclean
McLean & Cummin^s. — Canada, 95
Maclean, Jane. — xix. 248
McLean & Wiijrlit.-Cai.aila, 178
McLenan, K. — United .Slates, 2.52
Jlcl.eod, R. — New Zealand, 30. 3i)
M'Leod, VV. W.— Uniled States, 172b
M'Le^iwiidii, J. & Co. — XIV. 9u
Maclise. - xxiii. 83
MacMaiion, C. — x. OOli)
MeMillan, «-■■ Keer & McMillan
M'.Mullen, J.— Uiiitc<l Slates, 04
M'Miirriy, T. & Co.— xiv, 25
Mairial), J. viil I'M
.McNa^hti'ii -Xiiu iiieinen'i Lai.', OU
1(»2
M'Nair xxix. 102
M.Nair, A. & Co.- x. 421
M'Nair & Hranil.-xvill. 30
Macnair, W.— xvii, 1 17
Mc.N'aiigiit.- V. 101
.McNauKliI, \V. V, 22. fiSfl ; VI. 23
M'.\'uii|{liteii, -- Van Dieineli'l Luid,
32. 90-10.'. 192-194. 2ii9
M'Nan);l>tvn, A. — Vuii Dienien't Land,
41. 43
M'Neill, F. & Co.— VII. 142
.McNeill, J.-x. 812
.McNicluiU & VenMii.- v. 434
Maconiie & Co.- xvil, 2ii
Macorrn, F. — Spain, 05
.MacPliemm, 1).— x. OSl.i
Macphersiin, C & II. — XXI. 30
Macplierson & Francis. — \ .vn Uieiiien"«
Liuid, 3J(I
MacplierKon, II., Stv Macpliersnn, (J.
Mcl'iierson, J. & Sons.— Canada, Ib3
McPlierMHi, 1'.- IX. 238
Mctinaiic, Ki.lier, & Co.—Xix. 05
.Macqiiinay, IJrotliers, & Nephews.—
Uiljjiiini, 37a
M.irquoid, — XXVI. 101
McUae, J. — VIII. 311 ; xiil. 78
MfiUae, J. & i!o,- -XXVIII. 100
M'Hae, J, J.-xx. 128
M'ltae, VV. — New Drunswick, 4. 6. 8.
.McSlieriy. M.— xxii. 408
McVay, J. — New Zealand, 5
M'VVeencv, .\I - Uniled Siaten, 305
McWiHi.i'in, Dr. J. O.— Western. Ulrica,
5a
Macy, J. & Sons.-Unileil Slates, 3(10
Macy, Stuntiiii, & Co. — United Suites
3ti8
Maddon & lilack.— xvi. 230
Madeira, F. A.— Porlngal, 1205
Madeley, arc Pair, Cinti«, &c.
.Maderboeck, M.— Austria, 527
Madrid, Auronomical Caliiiiet ol' the
lliitani(-iil (iarden or. — Spain, InO
Madrid, K 'val Library,-- Spain, 31
Maele, Van. - Helj^iuni, 108
Maennel, F.— Zollverein (1), 82'<
Maeien Vandeii, see Con Vamlin Mac-
reii Si Co. — Maes, France, b jb
Mallei, set' Uiva & MaHei
MallVi, C. J.— Tuscany, 93
Maffre, K. F. — Algeria, 33
Maijdaliiiski, J.- llaml)urgh, 38
Magdesprnnj,', Iron Works at. — Zoll"
verein (1), Os2
Magee. \\ . J. xiv. 7
Maggiorelli, Hrolliers. — Tincany, 87
MagncV, F,— lielginm, IW
Mai!;ni, F, -Sardinia, 70
Magni, (r. — Austria, 120
Magiii, I'. — Austria, 714
Magiiin, J. M. — France, 1654
Magiiiii, J. V. — France, 1337
Magnui. — X. 419
MagiuH, G. K.— xxvii. 40
Mugnu.i, Samuel.- St. Helena, 3
Maguire, VV. J.— xxix. 71
Maiia Rajuli GoulabSin^h.- — India, XV.
XXVI.
Malia Itajali Rao Scindiali. — India, xv.
XVI.
Malian, F.— United Slates, 508
Malier, Louisa.— xx. 182
Mahillon, C — Belgium, 173
Mahmel-Veli-Ogli.— Russia, 212
Mahomet-Ogli.— Russia, 243
Alaibeu, C. — xvi. 40
M.ilillow, J. VI. 407
Mailluril, F. Fianrr, 1338
• aille A Segi.nd.- France, 1339
Maillot, K. Fiance, r)97
Mair.- xxil, 230
.Vlair & Co, Frui;oe, 317
.Muir. Sun, « Cu.— xi. 30 ; xviu. .?
03a
M lislerrn.- S|(dln, 43
M.i <ire, Hrolhers. -France, 398
MaiHiind Mines.— South .Vliira, 1
Maiilaiid, K. T. Nelherlunds, Vi
Muihe, A.- France, 318
dnieiidie, Aslinrsl. — I, '-'8
;t;.ij.., S. l)e— Austria, 50
i.Ia]or & (iill.— XI. 49
Major, C. T. — liruzil, 4 ; Persia
.M.ikcpeace, Kliia. — XXX. (Fine Ait
( iiiirl), 1F;5
Makin, \V. -XXII. 112
Malaga, Agricultural Uoard of. -Spain,
91
Malaga, Ininectur of Mines of. — Siiain,
19
.Malukiitesi, J. — Greece, 25
Miilaiiilrinus, A.— Greece, 3
Malapune Iron Works.— /nllv. (I), 2
Malapert. — France, 3 1 0
Malalinozky, K. — Austria, 394 ,
Malcolm, J.— XIV. 22
Mallierbe, L.— Ilelgiutn, 147
Milling. — XXX. (Fine Arts Court), 13 1
Maling & .Sniull.— xxv. 42
Mttlingie. — France, 322 '
Malint & Son.— XXII. 201
Mallulieu, Hrothers.— XIX. 214 '\
Miillalieu, VV.— XXIX. 289
MuUundain & Co.— xxviii. 108
Mallat, J. B.— Fiance, 1340
M.illet, SY-e I.tiland« & Chevalier ; Van-
troycn S; Mallet
Midlet, llrutliers. — France, 599
Mallet, K. C— Belgium, 4ii7
Mallet & G).— France, 1035. 1740
Mallet, R.— I. 243
Mallelt & Barton.— XIX. 29
Mallinson Si Sons.— xil. Si XV. 103
Mallocli, P. -X. 208
Mulmgren,C. T. — Sweden & Norway, 19
Malmqvist, A. — .Sweilen, 59
Malo, l)ickson, & Co. — France, 320
.Mallos, T. P. de.— Portugal, 5J3, 391
Malvieux, C. J. — Austria, 102
.Mame & Co.— France, 321
Mamede, B. G. — Portugal, 1U22
Mammeii, F. A. & Co.— Zollv, (3), 59
Manliy, G. VV.— viii. 22
Manchin & Morel. -XVII. 12&
Mancu, le Chevalier Siinoiie.— Sardinia,
15
Manderson, W. — i. 148
Manetii, Brotliers. — Tuscany, 01
Manrredini, G. — Austiia, 715
Manget, Mrs. — British Guiana, 08. 121
Maniguet, N. — France, 1341
Manilla, Kconomicttl Society of. — Spain,
187, 234. 233, 2:5*
Manilla, Society of. — Spain, 250
Manin. — Russia, 05
Mailings. — IV. 80
Mauley, General.— Rome, 32a
Munluve, Alliott, & Seyrig.--vi. 403.
434
Manly, J. jun. — xxil. 313
Mann, A. — Canada, 324
Mannesmaiin, A. — Zollv. (1), 617
Mannheinier, W.— Zollverein (1), 438
M.inning, J.— IV. fi3
Maniiintr, S. — xxx. (Sculpture Court),
57, 73
WHOSE NAMES Al'l'EAH IN THE CATALOOUE.
olxi
VI. m
Kiuiirp, laUH
iicl.-Kr.ili.e, Ua'J
Kiikiice, ft!) 7
231)
*'iui;oc, ;i 1 ;
Co.— XI. iO| XVIII. 13
uiii, 43
er*. — France, 508
e». — SduiIi Allien, 1
r. Nrlliciluiiiis, Vi
ranee, 318
iiiral. — I. '.'8
Aiislriii, 30
— XI. -JU
-lintzil, -4 ; IVriiil
Cliia.— XXX. (Film Ait
xil. \\1
ultural Uiiartlof. -Spuiii,
ctur of Miiieiof. — Spain,
—Greece, 25
A.— Ciieece, 3
Worki.— Zullv. (1), 2
nice, 3 1 1)
B.— .*ii»lria, 3i)4
XIV. 2i
-lielgiuiii, 147
. (Fine Art» Court), l.jl
ill.— XXV. -Jii
mice, 3'i'2
— XXII. Jfil
Ihers.— XIX. 2J4 I
—XXIX. -iH!) I
Co.-xxviii. 108
-Fioiice, 1340
amle & Clievulier ; \'uii-
llet
■». — Fimice, 599
-BelKiiiin, 'l'>7
-France, 1(.'35. 1740
243
uii.— XIX. 29
ins.— XII. & XV. 108
. '208
— Sweden & Norway, 19
—Sweden, 69
& Co.— France, S.'O
-Pnrtugiil. 5J3, 394
Austria, 102
Friince, 321
— Poiiiigal, 1022
& Co.— Zollv. (3), 59
l-viii. 22
1. XVII. 12E
ier Simnne.- Savdiniii.
1.— Rome, 32a
i, & Seyrig.- -VI. 405,
XXII. 313
Ida, 324
.— Zdllv. (1), 617 ■
- ZiiUverein (1), 438
,fi3
tx. (Sculj)ture Court),
Maiiiiiiigi, G.— IV. 80
Mmiturd.— France, 1312
Manaliendel, —XVIII. 88
Maiiiclion, M. K,— Auilrin, 342
Maiiiell, D.— XII. & xv. 248
Maniell, J.— xvii. 27
Maniell, U. C— v. 718
Mantel I, T.— vi. 502
Maiiil'eld, tlieCuniliined Mining Worki
uf.— ZoUverein H), 850
Maniii, H.— ZoUverein (I;, 3U|
ManiO, R.— Spain, 133
Mttinon, E.— Fronce, 017
Mantmit, L.— Sardinia, 53
Mantel, W.- xvi. 321
Muiitoi", Mine.— France, 918
Manlon & Sun.— vill. 217
Mantt, see Ulecli, Steinliacli, &c.
Manuel, C — South Afric;i, 1 1
Manuel, H. 8.— Jersey & (jtierniey, 48
Miiiiiiractory of Patent W lite Lead. —
ZoUverein ( I ),d
Maplin. — vil. 164
Muppiii & BrotlK-ra,- XXII. 139
Mappins, J. — XXII. 180
Mapple, O. I).— X. 69
Mapple, H.— X. 126
Mapplebeck & I^we.— ix. 131 ; xxii.
370
Maqtiet, A. — France, 604
Moquet-Hermel. — France, 603
Marcelin. — France, 606
Murcelle, S. — France, 605
March, K.- ZoUverein (1), 240 (Main
Avenue, East)
Marchiil. — Algeria, 36
Marclial, D.- l)el»,Miiin, 362
Marchaiid, B.- Ki'iKium, 460
Marclmntl, J. B. — France, 607
Marchand, L. — x. 71
Marchttiit, M.— xxvi. 320
Marchant, W.— xxvi. 253
Marcliesi, G. B. — Austria, 139
Marches!, L. — Austria, 716
Marches! & Ossoli. — Rome, 13
Marchetti, L.— Tuscany, 79. 121
Marchiil, Communal Commission of. —
Belgium, 306
Marciiielle et Couillet, Societd Ano-
nyme, De. — Belgium, 120
Marcos, J. — Spain, 147
Marcotte, F. — Canada, 8
Marcuard, C. H. — viii. 343
Mare, C. J. & Co.— viii. 149
Mare, Le, & Suns. — XIII. 21
Mareclial & Quynon. — France, 329
Maienzeller, ^. — Austria, 166
Marescli, see Bahr & Maresch
Mareschal, J. — France, 330
Marga, E.— France, 608
Margarit & Eiia, — Spain, 223
Margari', J. — Spain, 204
Margary. — viil. 87
Margetts, T. K. & Eyles.— xxvil. 91
Margrave, see Ksdailes & Margrave
Marguerit, J. — Spaiii, -'04
Maria, J. — Portugal, 1 279
Marie, Louise.— Austria, 747
Marie, M. — Jersey & Guerncey. 16
Marimanofl'& Armakoona.— Kui .iu, 81
Marin, J. E.— Belgium, 414
Mariner's Friend Society. — vin, 310
Marion, A. — France, 609
Mariotti, S. — Tuscany, 68a
Marks, J. 1.— v. 0118
Markwick, M.— iv. 114
Marling, S. S. & Co.— xil. & XV. 209
Marluw, J. — xvi. 54
Marmora Iron Co. — Canada, 4
Marne, A. ft Co.— France, 1732
Marochetti, Baron. — Western extremity
(Oiiliiile), 76) North Transept, 30;
Main Avenue, W'eit, 92 ; XXIII. 1 12 j
XXV. 1
Murples, II.— XXII. tiS
Marples, W,— xxii, 318
Marqiiard, V. J> ney & Guernsey, 42
Marquardi, Dr. I-. C— Zollv. (I) 327
Marques, C J.— Purtngul, 1 .'1)9
Marquez, J. — Spain, 108.
Marr, W. xxii.dlO
Marratt, J. S. -X. 4U9
Mitrrel, Brothers.— France, 331
Marreti. — Tuscany, OtJA
MarrJAge, E.— ill. I5i
Marriaii, F.— xxill. 31
Marrian, J. P.— XXII. 363
Marriott, Archdeacon. — Van Diemen's
Und, 1J8. ;)07
Marriott & Atkinson, xxii. 160
Marriott, Mrs. 1'. — i. 530 ; (Main
Avenue, Kust)
Marriott, J,— ix. 243
Mill ", M.— X. 341
Mail ml!, W.— VI. 110 J XXII, 795
M 111. -France, 919
w iiiK & Letjrand. — Fru ice, 332
M "i>, B. VI. 317
^! Ui'uthers, & Silverwood. —
. i»i9
Miusden, C — xvi. 316; xxu. 531 ;
XXVI. 527
Marsh. — xwi. 67
Marsh, F.— xvi. 174
Marsh, J. — xxv. 58
Marsh, Brothers, k Co. — xxil. 162
Marsli, Mrs. — xix. 72.
Marsh, W. — XXVI. 31
Marshall. — Van Diemen's Land, 130,
160; see also Brown, Marshall, &
Co. ; Parking & Marshall
Marshall, C— xvi. 241
Marshall & Co.- iv, 55 ; x. 686 ; xiv.
26
Marshall, E. S,— xxm. 104
Marshall, U. — Van Diemen's Land, 36,
37
Marshall, J. — ii. 08
Mttrsholl, Lieut. U.— xxx. 358
Marshall, S.— xxu. 197
Jlarshall & Snelgrove.— xill. 33
Marshall & Sons. — xxiii. 23
Marshall, W.— Page 850; xx. 25;
xxx. (Sculpture Court), 15
Marshall, Lieut.-Col. W.— ix. 35
Marslanil & Co. — vi. 47 ; xi. 63
Marte Mining Co. — Zamora, Spain, 10
Martel, GeolVray, & Valensot. — France,
021
Martelin, see Franc, A. & Son, &c.
Martens, F, — France, 610
Marti, S.— Fiance, 601
Martin, see Pawson, Son, & Martin
Martin, Baskett, & Martin. — xxiu. 2
Martin, C. A.— France, 613
Martin & Casimii-. France, 612
Martin, E. C— Netherlands, 63
Martin, E. & E.— xx. 42
Martin & Gray.— xxii. 332a
Martin & Hood. — xxx. (Fine Art
Court), 85
Martin, J.— vii. .'J; xu. & xv. 249;
xvii. 29 ; XXVI. 406
Martin, L. P. A.— France, 1711
Martin, M. C— ZoUverein (1), 425
Martin, O. & Viry, Brothers. — France,
614
Martin, Peter. — Jersey & Guernsey, 20
Martin, R. J.— Portugal, 957
Martin, S.— xxii. 132
Martin & S<hi.— xi. 17
-Martin, T. xxx (I'ine Art Co.), 282
"lartin, W.— xxvi. 2 J 1 1 South Al'rics,
40 I France, 323
Martin. W. H. -xvi. 81
Martii,-k, J. -Aiiitriu, 313
M r Mi, p.- Tii« any, 88
MiiiiiiK'z, D. J. — Spain, 145
Martinez, P, SfHiiii, \!H>
Martinez, S.- S|iin, 17'l
Mai iiiei y Pere>, \ . Spaai, 80
Martini, Me Ijti./enheck & iMartini
Murtinoltl, J.— .Sardinia, 62, 03
Martins, 1(. J. — Portugal, 939-012,
057-050
Marlyii, K.— i, 107
iMurx & Co.- France, 1343
Marx & Weigert. Z 'herein (1), I M
Marychiirrh, J. — ix. 93
Maryland, Committee of State uf,—
I/niled States, 371
Maryland Snap-stnne C(>tn|. - < ^Dulti*
more). — United Statis, '■•'
Marynen Vues. — Belgioi;!, ''^'If
Mas«ra. — .Sardinia, 97
Mash, J. — XXIV. 54
Mason, see Klkingloi, Masoii, ?ic Co.;
Forlnum, Mason, & Co. ; Simnd &
Mason
Mason, Mrs. B.— ii. 77
Mason, C, — xxv. 3,
Mason, K,- v III. 81 ; x. 714
Mason, G.— iv, 94; Xlll. 33
Mawii, J,— VI. 10, 46
Mason, J, — XXIII. 128
Mason & Son.— li, 22
Mason, W.— XX. 137
Mason, W. & Co., xu, & xv. 303
Mason, VV. H.— v. 910
Masrat, France, 920
Massans, .S. St. Helena, 1
Massardo, Madame J. — Belgium, 415
Masse, VV. Trihouillet & Co, — France,
1346
Massemin, C. L. — France, 1345
Masset, L. — Switzerland, 95
.Massey, — France, 1347
Massoy & Co.— xxx. (Fine Art Com t),
IIOa
Massey, W. & Co.— XXII, 416
Massey, VV. A. — xxix. I!I0
Massing, see Earth, Massing, &c.
Massing, Brothers. — France, 333
Masson, C. — Belgium, 267.
Masson, E. — France, 1348
Masson, v.. — France, 628
Massue, L. J. — France, 616
Massy, J. F,— Switzerland, 222
Mosterman, J. & T. — vi. 621
Masterman.T., ,s.'' Masterman, J. & T.
Masters.— India, xi.
Masters, A,— in, 65
Masters, M.— x. 509, 733
Masters, T.— xxii. 631
Mata Aguilera, J. de. — Sjiain, 289
Matagrin, Stoltz, & Co. — France, 610
Matesanz, A. — Spain, 140. 141
Matlielieu, De. — ^Belgium, 58
Mather, A. A.— Paue 8.;0
Mather, J. — xvi. 139 ; xxil. 504
Mather, C.—scv Mather, W. & C.
Mather, VV. & C— vi. 16
Matherton & Bouvard. — France, 1349
Matheson, see Wilson & Matlieson
Mathes& VVeher.— ZoUverein (1),46-1
Mathews, Mary— x. 193
Mathews, T.— VIII. 119
Mathews, VV.— x. 550
Mathey & Son. — Switzerland, 41
Mathias, L. A.— France, 1330
m
^,
IMAGE EVALUATION
TEST TARGET (MT-3)
1.0
1.1
11.25
|50 "^^ 111^^
Hi Bii 12.2
£? ISA ""
!lf ii£ 12.0
V
y
Photographjc
Sdences
Corporation
^
4-
23 WEST MAIN STREIT
WEBSTER, N.Y. 145*0
(716) 872-4503
!>
<>
o^
clxli
INDEX OP EXHIBITORS AND OTHERS
Matliie, J.— Aiiitria, 287
Mailiietoii, see Auld, Beirie, &c.
Mathieson, A. — xxi. Si
Matbietun, Lady.— xx. 191
Mathiewn, K. R.— XXTI. 120
MatbicMn, T. A. & Co.— xxi. 35
Muthieii, U.- France, 1351
Mathieu, L.— France, 618
Slathieu, N. Daiiloy. — France, 617
Mathieu, dit Verger, see Laveruhe, &c,
Malhiiou, O. F.— i. 479
Mathyt, J.— Belgium, 359
Matifat, O. S.— France, 923 (Main Ave-
nue, Eait)
Matiseii, A. & Co. — Ruwia, 305
Matkin, T.— zxii. 210
Matscbuko, N.— Austria, 201
Matson, Captain. — Western Africa, 9
Mattat & Sous.— Denmark, 10
Mattheti, C, jun.— Zollverein (3), 118
Mattbewman, <ee Jackion and Mat-
thewman
Matthews, C— Canada, 188
Matthews, E. — xxni. 95
Matthews, G.— Canada, 152
Matthews, S. — xxviii. 81
Matthews, W.— x. 181
Mattbewson & Son.— Canada, 329
Mattbey, see Johnson & Mattbey
Matthias, J. H.— X. 395
Mattiuui, O. B. — Austria, 77
Mattoch, C. O.— Zollverein (3), 43
Mattos, J. B. da.— Portugal, 593
Mattschas, J. O. H.— Zollverein (1\ 217
Mattsun, T. W.— United States, 50
MatveieflT, — Russia, 40
Matyieff, P.— Russia, 367
Mauban, — Fnince, 377
Mauban & V. Jouriiet. — France, 619
Maucomble.. — France, 620
Maudo, De. — Portugal, 465, 466
Maudslay, Sons, & Field. — 7. 38 ; vi.
228
Mauget, Mrs. — British Guiana, 68
Maulaz, J., see Maulai, L. J. & Co.
Maulaz, L. J. & Co.— Belgium, 29
Maun(!, see Chopping & Maunii
Maund, B. — in. 79
Maund, E.— xxu. 792
Maimder, J. — xxvni. 28
Maupin, S.— United States, 285
Mauraudy, D. A. J. — Spain, 4U
Maurel, jaget & Co. — France, 621
Maurer, V.— Austria, 200
Mauritius Royal Society of Natural
History. — Mauritius, 4
Maury, J. C— Zollverein (6), 21
Mautois, Madame. — France, 602
Mauzaize, J. N. — Franc<>, 024
Mavroianni. — Ionian Islands, 3
Mavroianui, Madame. — Ionian Islands,
2
Mawson, Brothers. — United States, 87
Max, see Laine-Laioclie & Mux ; Meyr,
Max, & Co.
Max, E.— Austria, 705
Maxwell & Co.— xvi. 52
Maxwell, J.— vii. 102
Maxwell, Miss.— United Slates, 384
Maxwell. W.— i. 134
May, see Lambert & May ; RoDlomes
and May
May & Baker.— n. 14
May, R.— Russia, 227
Mayall, J. E.— x. 291 ; Ifnited States,
491
Mayer, Brothers. — Austria,266 ; France,
623. 1656
Mayer, Emilie.— Zollverein (2), 52
Mayer, G. — xxiv. 76
Mayer, J. — xxiii. 14 ; see also, Mayer,
T. J. & J.
Mayer, Madame J. — France, 624
Mayer, J. G. — Austria, 346
Mayer, J.— Zollverein (2;, 46
Muyer, Michel, & Deuinger, — Zoll-
verein (6), 36
Mayer, Paul.— Zollverein (6), 35
Mayer, J.— Zollverein (2), 70
Mayer, T. J. & J.— xxv, 9
Mayer & Zindell.— Russia, 177
Maynard & Noyes. — United States,
445
Maynard, R.— ix. 109
Maynard & Son ix. 122
Mayo & Bates.— xxn. 648
Mayo & Co.— 1. 18; xxvu, 7
Mayoress, the Lady. — xix. 379
Masarin, J. O. — France, 626.
Mazetti, A.— Tuscany, 90. 1 15
Mead. — v. 706; see also Barber,
Howse, & Mend
Meade, Brothers.— United States, 109
Meadows, J. — xxvin. 165
Meagher, J. — New Zealand, 7
Meakin, J. F.— xxvi. 148
Meakins, see Reed & Meakins
Mear, see Salt & Menr
Mears, see Prouty & Mears
Mears, C. & O.— xxn. 684 (Main
Avenue, West)
Mears, G. — Unite 1 States, 562; see
also Mears, C. & O.
Mechetti (late Carlo Mechetti). — Aus-
tria, 371
Mechi, J. J.— XXI. 12; xxvi. 79;
XXIX. 45 ; XXX. (Fine Art Co.), 220
Mecklingbaus & Wex. — ZoHverein
(1), 672
Metcalf, F.— XXVI. 80
Meilhurst, T.— v. 780
Medina, M.— ^paiii, 270
Medina del Cam]io, Pedrosa, & Gomez-
narro. — Spain, 66
Medway, J. — xxix. 195
Medwin & Co.— xvi. 162
Mee Cornelia. — xix. 51
Meek, G.— xvii. 190
Meer & Co.— Zollverein (l), 529
Meeser, F.— South Africa, 16
Mehue, P. — Hamburgh, 81
Mehu, J. M. F.— France. 627
Meier, F, — France, 1352
Meier, J. C— Zollverein (2), 3 b
Meigh & Sons. — xxv. 10
MeUeit.— Zollverein (1), 177
Meillet & Pichot.— France, 629
Meinert, Brothers.— ZoUv. (3), 72-83
Meinerzhagen & Kreuser, Brothers. —
Zollverein (1), 316
Meiiiliold & Sons.— Zollverein (3), 181
Meinbold & Stoffi-egiii. — Zollverein (3),
61
Meinig, C— I. 84
Meinig, C. L. A.— x. 437
Meinke, W. C— Hamburgh, 120
Meinl's, A,, Heirs. — Austria, 383
Meiiitraud, C, jun.- Zollverein (6), 70
Meissen China Manufactory, Saxony.
—Zollverein (3), 10. 174
Meissuer. B.— Zollverein (3), 136
Melssner, F. A.— Zollverein (3), 130
Meissner, F. T,— Zollverein (3), 129
Meissuer, M. — Zollverein (3), 137
Meissner, T.— Zollverein (3), 126
Meixel, A.— Zollverein (1), 396
Mejean, A. — France, 1333
MWean, G. — Tuscany. 15
Melincrythan Chemical Co. — ll. 2
Meller, see Wyhurn, Meller, & Turner.
Meller, C. C— xvi. 73
Melliard, see Berui & Melliard
Mellicbamp, Mary H. — United States,
177
Melling, R. jun. — v. 708
Mello, see Alliuqnerque, J. O' t Mello
Mello & Brothers.— PortugaJ, 804, 805
Mellon, M. — Mauritius, 6
Mellor, see Hastings & Melloi
Mellotte, E.— Belgium, 302
Mellowdew, see Kesselmeyer & Mellow-
dew
Melnikoff.— Russia, 111
Meluikoff-Glaushkoff, M Russ'a,214
Melnikoff-Glausbkoff, P.— Russia, 212.
213
Melton, — XXX. (Fine Art Court), 297
Melton, Eliza.— XIX. 250
Melton, H.— XX. 54
Melville, J. — xxyi. 3
Melser, D. — Austria, 44
Melzer, G.— Austria, 648
Mendelssohn. — Zollverein (1), 747
Mendes, R. P.— Portugal, 410
Mendet, J. J. — Spain, 253b
Mene, P. J.— France, 630
Menet, J. — France, 1657
Menezes, see Catheiros, J. l.. de
Mengden, M. Von. — Russia, 222
Menge, A. O.— Belgium, 409
Mengelbier, J.— Zollverein (1), 340
Mengen, C. — Zollverein (1^, 581
Menghius, Brothers. — Zollverein (1),
630
Menier & Co.— France, 925
Menke, see Spinn & Menke \
Mennet, see Pesel & Mennet - i
Mentasti, B. — Austria, 635
Mentcbinsiky, A. — Russia, 151
Mentzel, — Zollverein (I), 94
Menzerath, J. — Zollverein (1), 356
Menzies, A. — v. 912
Meraux, J. H. — France, 631
Mercer, J. — xvill. 38. 48
Mercier, —France, 927, 1334 '
Mercier, A. & Co. — France, 632
Mercier, C. V.— France, 1 658
Merceir, J. J. — Switzerland, 175
Mercier, S.— France, 633 ; Switzeilaud,
96
Mercier, Sarah S. A. Le. — xxti. 181
Merckx, M.— Belgium, 496
Mercurin, H. J. — Algeria, 37
Mere, Madame La. — Canada, 42
Meredith, see Poland, Son,&c.
Meredith, J. H.— i. 141
Meresse, M. A — France, 1355
Merkelbacb & Son.— Zollverein (1),
351
Merlaut, L. T.— France, 634
Merlin, A. & V.— Russia, 281
Merlin, V,, see Merlin A. & V.
Mermod, Brothers — Switzerland, 15
Mero, D. — France, 1356
Meron, £ — Spain, 150
Merrett, H. S.— xxix. 45; xxx. (Fine
Art Court), 172.220
Merriam, see Sayle, Sis.
Merris, Madame Van. — Belgium, 65
Merritt, see Haskell, &c,
Merriweatlier, J. B.— United States, 164
Merry weather, G. — x. 151
Merryweather, M. — v. 401
Mersey Iron Co. — v. 649
Merten, J. F.— Zollverein (1), 602
Mertens, Baron. — Belgium, 65
Mertens, C. — Belgium, 132
Mertens, H. J.— Zollverein (1), 867
Mertens, P.— Zollverein (1). 868
Merz & Sons.— Zollverein (2), 30 & 31
Melliard
, — United Statei,
08
le, J. ly e Mello
ottugal, 804, 805
It, 6
i Hellor
[1,302
Imeyer & Mellow-
11
, M.— Rum a.ZU
, P.— RuMia,212.
s Art Court), 397
2S0
44
648
ireiii (1), 747
iiga1,41U
I, '2538
,630
657
«, J. L.. de
Kuuia, 222
um, 409
verein (i), 340
ein (n, 581
— Zoliverein (1),
ice, 925
Menke .
Meimet ' I
a, 635
lunia> 151
.(I). 94
ivereiu (1), 356
[ice, 631
48
27, 1354
France, 632
ice, 1658
cerland, 175
633 ; Switzeilaiid,
Le— XXVI. 181
m, 496
geria, 37
Canada, 42
Son,&c.
41
nee, 1355
— Zoliverein (1),
nee, 634
iitaia, 281
n A, & V.
Iwitzerlaud, 15
356
iO
c. 45 ; XXX. (Fine
20
Belgium, 65
iec.
-United Statei, 164
151
401
649
rein (1), 602
gium, 55
. 132
verein (I), 867
ein (1). 868
rein (2), 30 & 31
WHOSE NAMES APPEAR IN THE CATALOGUE.
clxiii
Meeina, S.— Sardinia, 31
Metnier & Cartier. — France, 035
McM & Co.— Zoliverein (1), 468. 487
MeM, L. & Co.— Zoliverein (1), 247
MetMt, A.— Atiitria, 246
Meuenger & Som.— xxn. 340
Meuervjr, G, — Jertey and Guemiey, 11
Memier, F.— Austria, 321
Mestiviers & Hamoir, — France, 630
Mettroii, P.— Austria, 267
Meldepenningen, G. — Belgium, 207
Metert & Laiigdorf.— Switierland, 97
Metetani, Z.— Spain, 140
Methveii & Soni.- 1. 126
Metropolitan Anociation for Improving
the Dwelling* of the luduitrious
Cla«e*.— Tn. 172
Metlemich, C. A. de.-Zollv. (6), 83
Mettemicb, Prince. — Austria, 413
Mettler & Son.— Switzerland, 197
Metz, A. & Co.— Zoliverein (7), 6
Mett, G.— Austria, 485
Metzer, U., & J. F. Luhme.— Zolive-
rein (1), 83. 212
Metsler, O.— x. 475
Metzner, W.— Austria, 698
Meurant, Brothers, Se Willemin. —
France, 1659
Meurant, B. — New Zealand, 15
Meure* & Candin. — France, 1357
Meuriise, — France, 928
Mevissen, G. — Zoliverein (1), S57
Mevius, C. de. — Belgium, 86
Mexican Commissioner. — Mexico
Meyer. — Hamburgh, 105 ; see also Al-
der and Meyer
Meyer, A. D. — Denmark, 43
Meyer & Amman. — Switzerland, 176
Meyer, Brothers.— Switzerland, 153, 227
Meyer, C— United States, 59
Meyer & Co.— Austria, 112; Switzer-
land, 153
Meyer, D. — Hamburgh, 55
Meyer, B.— France, 637
Meyer & Englemaiin.— Zoliverein (1),
582
Meyer, H.— Canada, 190
Meyer, H. C, jun. — Hamburgh, 86
Meyer, J. E. — Denmark, 6
Meyer & Lindt. — Zoliverein (6), 10
Meyer, M., see Meyer, S. & M.
Meyer, Max, & Co.— Zoliverein (1), 133
Meyer & Mortimer. — xxni. 47
Meyer, S. & M.— xvi. 304 (Main
Avenue, West)
Meyer & Schwartze. — Zoliverein (6), 8
Meyer, T. W.— Hamburgh, 1
Meyer, W. — Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 6
Meyer & Wried.— Zoliverein (1), 764
Meyern, H. L.— Zoliverein (1), 892
Meyers, A. & P. J., & Co. — Zoliverein
(1), 768
Meyers, B.— xxix. l-)0
Meyers, P. J., see Meyers, A. & P. J.
Meyerson, L.— -Sweden & Norway, 25. 90
Meyersteln, W. — Zoliverein (1), 757;
Zoliverein (3), 72-83. 87. 95
Meylan-Golay, H.— Switzerland, 98
Meyne, J. — Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 5
Meynier. — France, 638 ; see also Smith
& Meynier
Meyr, Adolf & Leonorenhain. — Austria,
595
Meyrueis & Son. — France, 639
Meystre, E. — Switzerland, 225
Mezener, J. — Switzerland, 247
MiagkkofT. — Russia, 62
Michel, A. — France, 640
Michel, BonRls, Michel, Souvraz, & Co.
Michel, G.— Switzerland, 248
Michel & Morell.— Zoliverein (6), 16
Michel, P.— France, 1660
Michelel, see Delamoriiiiere, &c.
Michelin, T.— France, 641
Miohell, P.- 1. 401
Michell, J. XXT. 29a
Michell, Sarah.— I. 110
Micheloni, G. — Austria, 119
Michels. F. X.— Zoliverein (1), 871
Micbieli, J.— Belgium, 385
Micolci, C. L. — Hamburgh, 1 14
Micotti, J. — Austria, 717
Middlebrook, J. — xn. & xv. 74
Middlebrook, T.— xx. 123
Middlemore, W.— xvi. 67
Middleton, see Varrall, Middleton, &c,
Middleton& Ainsworth, — xn. & xv. 31 2
Middleton, C, «ee Middleton, W. & C.
Middleton, J.— XXX. (FiueArtCt.), 166
Middleton, W. & C— v. 914-916
Midgley, Brothers.— xn. & xv. 99
Midworth, W.— XXX. (Fine Art Court),
308
Mienerti, J. — Austria, 212
Mierlo, A. Van. — Belgium, 133
Miers, W. J.— xxix. 85
Mierstein, VI. — Austria, 502
Mies, J.— Zoliverein ^1), 341
Miesbach, A. — Austria, 1, 610
Miescher & Co. — Switzerland, 107
Miescber & Sous. — Switzerland, 163
Miess, G. — Austria, 217
Miguel, J. de. — Spain, 260
Miguel, T.— Spain, 259
Milan Benevolent Society's Establish-
ment.— Austria, 283
Milburn, G.— vni. 136. 138
Milch, A.— Zoliverein (1), 9
Miles,E.— X. 601
Miles, O. Z.— United Stales, 444
Miles, H.— XXVI. 256
Miles, J.— X. 568 ; Zollv. (1), 341
Miles, P.— United States, 489
Miles, S.— XX. 89.
Miles, W.— XXII. 9
Milesi, A. — Austria, 106
Milford,J.— XIX. 183
Milkorroschetchnoi, K. — Russia, HO
Millbauk, D.— xxx. (Fine Art Ct.), 99
Miller — XXII. 112; see also Featliam,
&c. ; Ferguson, Miller, & Co. ; Hor-
rockses. Miller, & Co. ; Mitcliell,
Miller, &c.
Miller, J). & W.— in. 127
Miller, F. M.— Page 850 ; xxx. (Sculp-
ure Court), 17. 38. 49, 50. 66-68
Miller, P.— Zoliverein (2), 90
Miller, Q. jun.— Russia, 299
Miller, J. jun.— X. 361
Miller, J. E.— United States, 559
Miller, L.jun. — Russia, 234
Miller, R.— Austria, 528
Miller, Ravenhill, & Co.— vin. 163
Miller& Richard.— XVII. 150
Miller & Sons. — Main Avenue, West,
29 ; XXII. 645
Miller, T.— xxx. (Fine Art Court), 1 ;
Western Africa, 10
Miller, T.J. —IV. 29
Millian,jun. — Fiance, 929
Milliani, P. — Rome, 1 2
Millichap, see Ekyii & Millichap
Milligan, see Euston & Milligau
Milligan, A. M. — Van Diemcn's Land,
53. 282
Milligan, J. — Van Diemen's T^nd, 39,
79. 81. 180, 181. 194. 197. 200-206.
221. 223. 227. 230, 231. 254-268.
273. 279. 288. 292. 306. 311. 313.
315-319. 324. 325, 341, 342
Milligan, J. & Hull, H.— Vau Diemen'e
Laud, 288
Milligan & Son.— xii. & xv. 140
Milligan, W.— vi. 38
Milliiigton, B & E.— vi. 463
Millington, E. see MillingtoD, B. & £.
Millner, R.— rv. 85
Milner & Co.— xn. & xv. 168
Mills, «e«SheDStone & Mills
Mills, Eliza.— xxx. (Fine Art Court),
329
Mills, Elizabeth.— xn. & xv. 253
Mills, Isabella, —xxx. (Fine Art Court),
96
Mills, J.— XXV. 32
Mills, M.— xxin. 55
Mills, R.— I. 418
Mills, T.— XXVI. 115
Mills, W.F. jun.— Persia
Millward, see Day & Millward
Milly, De.— France, 644
Milne, W.— in. 85
Milner, J. & Co.— xn. & xv. 168
Milner & Son.— xxii. 642
Milnes, T.— Page 850; xxx. (Fine
ArtCourtX 184
Milon, M.— France, 642
Miloii, T. D. sen.— France, 930
Milton, J.— IX. 291.
Milward, J. & Son.— United States,
93
Mina, see Chirio& Mina
Minchener, see Devas, Miuchener, &
Routleilge.
Miner.— X. 402
Mineur, see Perard & Mineur
Minghetti, Marco. — Rome, 10
Minifle, C— rx. 151
Minitzek, Count S. Von. — Austria, 624
Minns, J.— xxviii. 99
Minoprio & Co.— Zoliverein (5), 4
Minoprio& Hohwiesner^Zollv. (6), 37
Minten, A. — Belgium, 54
Minter and Co. — xxvi. 155.
Minter,G.— XXVI. 211
Minton, H. & Co.— North Transept,
50; I. 97; xxv. 1; xxvi. 531;
XXVII. 86
Mintorn, Eliz., see Mintom, J. H. H.
Mintorn, J. H. U., Eliz., & Rebecca. —
XXIX. 70
Mintom, Rebecca, see Mintom, J. H. H.
Minutoli, A. Von.— Zoliverein (1), 191.
845. 847
Mir, Brothers. — Spain, 276
Aliramout — France. 1358a
Miranda, Batatbo, & Co. — Portugal,
728-747
Mirat, 6.— Spain, 128
Miroude, Brothers. — France, 645
Miroy, Brothers. — France, 646
Mirror Marble Company (Caatlenitreet,
South wark). — xxvn. 18
Missoii, A. — Belgium, 413
.Vlisson, Emile & Louis. — Belgium, 412
Misson, Louis, see Misson, Kmile, &u.
Missouri Iron Mountain Co. — United
States, 163
Mitchell, F.— XVI. 213
Mitchell, Rev. G.—v. 9! 8
Mitchell, G. A.— xxix. 94
Mitchell, G. D.— United States, 179
Mitchell, J.— XXII. 339, Oil, 072;
xxv. 29a ; XXIX. 138
Mitchell, J. T.— XXX. (Fine Art Court),
87
Mitchell, Miller, and Ogilvie. — xn. &
XV. 466
Mitchell, Mrs. S. A.— xxx. (Fine Art
Court), 124
m i
cxliv
INDEX OP EXHIBITOnS AND OTHERS
Mitchell, Sir T. L.— New South Wales,
31
Mitchell, W.— XHI. 328
Mitchell, Rev. W.— i. 9. 270; v. 919 j
XXIX. 274
Mitchell, W. B.— 1. 45
Mivrord, B.— xxvni. 167
Mitjona, R.— Spain, 287
Mittelette, V.— Franct 1661
Mitter, J.— Austria, d3i;
Mitter, J., len. — Austria, 529
Mitterberger, J. — Austria, 467
Mittrowsky,CountA. Vou —Austria, 91
Mix & Oardinier. — Uniteu States, 96
Moag, W.— South Africa, 19
Moberley, W. — ii. 17 (Main Avenue,
West)
Mock, J. W.— Canada, 333
Moda, Tommaso Delia. — Rome, 19
(Main Avenue, East)
Moes & Co.— Russia, 192
Moeller.— Zollverein (1), 289 (Main
Avenue, East)
Moeller, C— Zollirerein (1), 292
Moench, J., & Co.— Zollverein (6), 66
Moerbitz, C. 6. E.— Zollverein (3), 127
Moering, C. — Austria, 247
Moerman, V. L, — Belgium, 231.
Moerschel. Wiiizenried, & Co. — Zoll-
verein (6), 28
Moeser & Kiihn.— Zollverein (I), 156
Mogel, N. — Austria. 314
Mogford, — xxTi. 181
Moggridge, M. — xxii. 495
Moglia, Doiuenico. — Rome, 21
Moi(lia, Cavaliere Liiigi. — Rome, 20
Mohamed Ben Achir. — Algeria, 62 ;
France, 1662
Mohammed Ben Salah. — France, 1663
Mohr, W.— Zollverein (1), 186a
Mohring, F. L.— Zollverein (1), 275
Moinier, see Jaillon, Muiiiier, & Co.
Moir McD.— XIX. 180
Moison, F. — France, 1358
Mole, R.— vm. 248
Molin, — Sweden & Norway, 31
Molina, A — Spain, 180
Molinari, A.— fiiardinia, 43
Molineaux, Webb, & Co. — xxiT. 13
Molines, L.— France, 647. 930a
Molkelianoff. — Russia, 373
Moll. C— Zollverein (1), 501
Mollady & Sons.— XX. 125
MoUe, E. Van.— Belgium, 255
Molloiiberg, G. — Sweden, 66
Noller, C. H. A.— Hamburgh, 22
Moller, H. P.— Denmark, 32
Moller & Weike.— Portugal, 748
Mollet-Warme, Brothers. — France, 648
MoUison, J. — X. 585
MoUmaim, see Kissing & Mbllman
MoUoy. — XXVI. 8 1
Mulson, G. E. — Canada, 154
Molteni & Siegler. — France, 649
Molterer, C— Austria, 486. 467
Molterer, G.— Austria, 488
Molterer, M. — Austria, 490
Molterer, V. — Austria, 491.
Molyn Lesouef. — France, 1359
Moimhan & Beers. — United States, 349
Moncbeur, F. & A. — Belgium, 366
Monet.— France, 1664
Money, see Wigram, Money, & Sons
Money, Elizabeth.— xx. 189
Monfort, F.— Spain, 88. 208
Moniac, E.— Zollverein (I), 249
MonjikoflT, see Koriakin & Monjikoff
Monkhouse & Son. — xix. 251
Monkland Iron & Steel Co., Glasgow
-1. 426
Monnoyer, P. J. — Belgium, 352
Montag, L.— Zollv. (8), II
Montague, A. — 1,421
Montal, C— France, 1665
Montanari, A.— xxix. 122; Austria, 738
Montanari, N.— xxx. (Fine Art Court),
224
Montandon, Brothers. — France, 601
Montcharmont, — France, 650
Monteagle, Lord. — viu. 317; xxvn.72
Montebello, — France, 651
Montetlore, Sir M., Bart. — xxx. (Fine
Art Court), 160
Monteflori, C. — Sardinia, 57
Monteiro, L. A.— 1. 15C ; iii. 34 ; China
Monteiro, M. B., jun.-^Portugal, 510.
1123a
Monteiro, T. P.— Portugal, 1238. 1252
Monteith, H., & Co.— xviii. 49
Monteith, J., & Co.— xvill. 53
Montenac, Madame De — Canada, 163
Montero, 8. — S|)aiii, 225
Monteiinos, C. J.— Spain, 167
MonteMuy & Chomcr. — France, 1360
Montfort, F.— Spain, 202
Montgolfler, —France, 324
Montgomery. — v. 22. 553: see also Hart,
Montgomery, & Co.
Monthny, A. — Belgium, 117
Monti, R. — Austria, i'46
Montignac. — France, 489
Montigny. — Algeria, 38
Monligny & Pusnot. — Belgium, 158
Montioni. — Tuscany, 5
Montreal Commission. — Canada, 66.
80.81.93. 112. 171.301
Montreal Mining Co. — Canada, 10
Montu, J., & Co.— Sardinia, 78
Moody, E.— IX. 110.
Mooklar & Childs.— United States, 8
Moon, G. — XXVII. 56
Moor, Major W.— x. 66a
Moore, see Allen & Moore; Devitt &
Moore ; Groucock, &c. ; Harper &
Moore ; Savory & Moore ; Westwood
& Moore.
Moore, A. — xxvil. 25; see also Bate-
man, J., & A. Moore
Moore & Co.— x. 476 ; xxil. 274
Moore, D. D. T.— United States, 149
Moore, E. D.— ill. 1.19
Moore, G. — xvi. 119
Moore & Grev. — vm. 209
Moore, G. W.— xxviii. 176
Moore, J. — iv. 78 ; xxii. 595 ; xxiv. 53
Moore, Dr. J.— i. 408
Moore & Murphy. — xxix. 332
Moore, Mrs. — xix. 47A
Moore, F. G— New Zealand, 37
Moore & Sons. — x. 33
Moore, 8. W— xix. 31
Moore, W.— United States, .564
Moore, W. F.— vm. 3.-) ; xrv. 67
Moorsom, Cupt. — vii. 178
Moorson, Miss E. — xxix. 253
Moosbrugger & Kobbe. — Zollverein
(0,428
Morand & Co.— Zollverein (1), 731
Morant, G. J.— xix. 291 ; xxvi. 164
Moralilla, F.— Spain, 261
Moravian Missionary Station. — Cape of
Good Hope, 44
Mordan, S. — i. 65
Mordan, S., & Co.— vi. 205
Mordini, C. G. — Tuscany, 45
Moreau, A.— France, 378
Moreau, A. U. — France, 1361
Moreau & Co. — France, 652
Moreau, F.— France, 326
Moreau, U. — France, 325
Moreira, M. C— Portugal, 918. 956.
1169
Morel, Brothers.— France, 1666; see also
Manchin & Morel
Morel,J. V.&Co.— xxiii. 117; xxvi.
171
Morell, tee Michel & Morell
Morell, H.— XXIX. 248
Morella, The Corporation of. — Spain,
r232
Moreno, Brothers. — Spain, iiZd
Moreton, J. — xxn. 554
Moreton & Langley. — xxil. 669
Morewood & Rogers. — 1. 436; ix. 15i2A ;
XXII. 610
Morey, C— United States, 460.573.580
Morgan, E. — xxx. (Fine Art Court),
26S
Morgan, H. K. O.— xxx. (Fins Art
Court), 215
Morgan, J. & Co.— xii. & xv. 299
Morgan, J. S.— United States, 288
Morgan & Suns.— i. 272
Morgant, E. — France, 1726
Morgenroth & Krugmann. — Zollverein
(1), 532
Mori, J.— XIV. 63
Moriarty, D. — xvi. 95
Moriceau & Cayeux. — France, 328
Morimont, J. B. — Belgium, 9
Morin. — Algeria, 39
Morin, Capt. — Canada, 9
Morison, D. — XXX. (Fine Art Court),
276
Morison & Knox. — British Ouiana, 123
Morisot. — France, 931
Morland, see Landon & Morland
Morland, J. & Son.— xxix. 306
Morley, I. & R.— xx. 101
Morley, J. — xxix. 165
Morley, R., see Morley, I. & R
Morley, T.— xxm. 67
Mornay, E. De.— Brazil, 3
Mornieux, F. — France, 1362 ,
Moro, Brothers. — Austria, 218
Morozoff. — Russia, 38
Morphet, J. — Western end. South en-
closure (Outside), 6
Morrall, A.— vi. 240 ; xxii. 333
Morrell, G.— v. 82 ; vii. 59
Morrell, H.— iv. 58
Morrell, J. — xxix. 92
Morrell, Stewart, & Co. — United States,
202
Morris, see Bevington & Morris ; Daw-
son & MorriH
Morris, J. — Canada, 114
Morris, John. — St. Kitts
Morris, Jones, & Co. — United States, 44
Morris, R.— Canada, 1 13, 334
Morris, W.— v. 764
Morrison, G. — I. 77
Morrison, J. D.— X. 189
Morrison, Mrs. — New South Wales, 25
Morrison & Hurn. — xiv. 49
Morrison & Parker. — xxn. 179
Morrison & Son. — ix. 48
Morse, — x. 432
Morson, T. & Son.— li. 106
Morti, Signor. — Rome, 5
Mortimer, see Boutchier, Mortimer, &
Co. ; Hunt & Roskell ; Meyer &
Mortimer
Mortimer, T. E.— vm. 267
Mortimer, W, — xxm. 13
Mortimer, W. H. — xxm. 57
Morton, D.— xil. & xv. 160
Morton, J, -XXII. 1U4
Morton, J. & G. — xxi. 7
Morton, Prof.— x. 678a
WHOSE NAMES APPEAR IN THE CATALOGUE.
clxv
e Art Cuurt),
li Ouiana, 123
nd, South en-
United Statei,
Uorrii; Daw-
Morton, S. & U.— VII. 24
Morton 8t Sons. — xix. 252
Monbacb, see Savary & Moibach
Moichiiii, P. — Austria, 636
Moscow, Caarevik Cbiiiti Manufactory.
—Russia, 178
Moscow Manufacturing Co. — Russia,
363
Moseley & Son. — xxi. 13
Moser.— France, 653
Moser, A.— Austria, 531, 532
Muser, A. & Co.— Zullverein (1), 861
Moser, C— Austria, 533
Moser, F., jun. — Switierland, 20
Moser, F.— Austria, 534
Moser, O. — Austria, 535
Moser, J.— Austria, 636, 537
Moses, see Benjamin & Moses
Moses, Champion, & Co,— Van Die-
men's Land, 228
Moses, H. B. Se M m. 101 ; New
South Wales. 4
Moses, M., see Moses H. E. & M.
Moses, S. — Van Diemen's Lamt, 207,
237
Moses, Son, & Davis. — New South
Wales, 15
Mosley & Co.— xxui. 107
Mosley, J.— XXIII. 17
Moss Hall Coal Co.— Wigai), i. 247
Moss, N.— South Africa, 36
Moss, R.— XXII. 498
Mossman, W. — xxx. (Fine Art Court),
204
Mouner, A .— ZoUverein (1), 251
Mosso, T.— South Africa, 41
Motala, Iron and Engine Works. —
Sweden & Norway, 6
Motard, A.— Zollvetein (1), 262
Motelli, O.— Austria, 728
Motelli, M.— Austria, 718
Motion, see Low & Motion.
Motley, T.— New South Wales, 9
Mott, see Sibell & Mutt
Mott, C. A.— United States, 81
Mott, I. H. R.— X. 498
Mott, W.— xxin. 1)6
Motte, A.— XVI. 37
Motle, Bossut, & Co. — France, 6S4
Motter, Weyhe, & Co. — Portugal,
748-755
Mottet, C— France, 932
Moltram & Haw li ins. — xxn. 691
Moucheur, F. A. — Belgium, 366
Mouchot. — France, 1667
Mouilliard, P. F. V.— x. 95
Moulard, Mdlle,— France, 659
Moulin, — XXVI. 163
Moulin, C— vm. 272
Moulton, S. C.— United States, 534
Mounoury, see Dartevelle, &c.
Mountford, see Keys & Mountford
Mourceau, — France, 1668
Mourgue & Bousquet. — France, 1 363
Mousley, C. £. — xxvi. 123
Moussard, — France, 657
Moussiilac, — France, 933
Mousain, P. — Russia, 294
Moutier le Page. — France, 1364
Mousaie Mines, Commission of. — Al-
geria, 13
Mowland, Charlotte O.— xix. 228
Moxon, C— XXVI. 252. 276
Moyle, 8.— X. 710
Moyne, H. Le— Jersey & Guernsey, 5
Muysen. — France, 467
Moyston, W. A.— United States, 25
Muck, J. — Austria, 354
Muckart, see Shand & Muckart
Muckeuheim &Alpers.— Hamburgh, 27
Mudge, J.— VII. 190
Mudie, J.— X. 683a
Muehl, Von der, Brothers. — SwitierlanU,
162
Muehl, Wahl, & Co.— France, 934
Muehle, A. — ZoUverein (3), 167
Muehlenderlein, C. F.— Zull. (3), 157
Mueller, A. L. — Austria, 219
Mueller, G. A.— ZoUverein (6), 24
Mueller & Co.— Switserland, 177 ; ZoU-
verein (3), 115
Mueller, J. F.— ZoUverein (1), 201
Mueller, J. G.— ZoUverein (1), 541
Mueller, J. P.— ZoUverein (6), 10
Mueller, Pluess, & Co. — Switxerland,
151
Mueller, T. B. & Co.— Switierland, 160
Muelman, A. Von.— Zollverein(l), 319
Muenzert, see Damscb & Muenzeis
Muhlenbach&Tbewald.— Zull. (8), 10
Muhr, J.— ZoUverein (2), 9J
Muir, A. — Canada, 37
Muir, O.— Malta, 29
Muir, P.— XXIX. 150
Muir, R.— XVII. 174
Muir, W.— VI. 206
Muirs, Connell, & Brodie. — xx. 173.
215
Mulariuho, M. — Portugal, 1236
Mulcahey, see Dill & Mulcaliey
Mulder, De. — Belgium, 57
MUUer.— ZoUverein (1), 287; (2), 90;
(Main Avenue, East)
MuUer, A.— ZoUverein (1), 148
MtiUer, A. F.— ZoUverein (1), 723
MuUer, C. A.— Austria, 654
Muller, D. — Persia
MuUer, F.— iv. 1'25a; ZoUv. ri),227;
Switzerland, 155
Muller, H. F.— Austria, 372
MUUer, J. Van.— Denmark, 32
Muller, M. W.— ZoUverein (I), 352
Muller, T. A.— France, 1365
Muller, T. L.— ZoUverein (1), 183
Muller, W.O.— Hamburgh, 76
Mulliner, F.-v. 922
MuUiner, H.— v. 924
Mulot & Son.— France, 658
Mumford, W. T.— vill. 144
Mummery, F. H.— xxvi. 292
Municio, V. — Spain, 224
Munro, see Chard & Munro
Munro, A. — xxx. (Sculpture Court), 41
Munro, J., jun. — vni. 282
MunU. G. F. (M.P.)— vm. 101
Muquardt, C. — Belgium, 473
Murcliison, J. H. — I. 521a; New Zea-
land, 2
Murcia, Inspector of Mines of the dis-
trict of— ^Spain, 7
Murdoch,J.— X. 202
Murley, W. & C— XII. & XV. 10
Murphy, D. J. — IX, 386 ; see also Moore
& Murphy
Murphy, J. — ^xxn. 683 (Main Avenue,
West)
Murphy, Margaret. — xii. & xv. 262
Murray & Cow|ier. — xxvu. 66
Murray, H. — Canada, 96
Murray, J. — vii. 4
Murray, Mrs. — South Australia, 6
Murray, Sir J., M.D.— ii. 87
Murray, W.— i, 4-26 ; v. .506 ; vm. 38;
xxn. 793; Van Diemen's Land, 18.40
Murray, Sir W. Bart.— iv. 137
Muschamp, W. — i. 514
MUseler, B. L.— Belgium, 24
Museum of Royal Academy. — Portugal,
136-231
Mus«i, M.— XVI. 260
Mussini, Professor. — ^Tuscany, 26
Musslewhite, T.— xvi. 71
Musson, J., see Muuon, R. & J.
Musson, R. & J.— XX. 97
Mutrot, see Proutat, &c.
Mutard, L.— France, 1366
Myers.— XXVI. 533; xxx. (Fine Art
Court), 117
Myen 8s Co.— Western End, South
Enclosure (Outside), 35
Myers & Sou.—xxii. 338
Myerscough, Steel, & Co.— xi. 39
Nachet.— France, 1370
Nacke & Oehrenbeck, — ZoUverein (3),
72-83
Naef, M.— Switzerland, 131
Naef & Schwarzenbach. — Switzerland,
153
Naeltjens, J.— Belgium, 308
Naenny, H.— ioUverein (6), 67
Nagi, L. — Austi's, 680
Nagler, see Bruhm & Nagler
Nagpore, Resident nt. — India, xi.
Noilor, J.— United States, 178
Nairn, M.— xix. 25;i
Nttime, T. G,— xx. 1 79
Namechf, see Temsounet, O. &c,
Namiest Clotli Manufacturing Com-
pany.— Austria, 220
Nanni, L. — Tuscany, 94
Nannucci, — Tuscany, 67
Napier, J. — xxix. 262
Napier, J. R.— v. 301
Napier & Son. — vi. 158
Naples, tha late Queen of. — Austria,
747
Nardi, Brothers. — Tuscany, 70
Narimoff, O.— Russia, 193
Narishkin, L. K.— Russia, 127
Narzivellia, M. — Portugal, 71
Nazareth, A. J. D.— Portugal, 13
Nash,— xxu. 612
Nash, E. (late J. Butler).— xxm. 86
Nash, Mrs. — Jamaica
Nash, R.— xxu. 310
Nash, T, jun, — xxviii. 68
Nasmyth, G.— vii. 169
Nasmytii, J.— V. 41 ; vi. 236 ; x. 688
Nassau Government Engineers of Mines.
— ZoUverein, (8), 1
Nast, H. J.— France, 650
National Society for the Education of
thePoor— XVII. 211
Naudi, Rosina — Malta, 8
Nauen, Loewe, & Co.— Zull. (I), 93
Nauri, J, B.— Spain, 281
Nawe, FrariQois. — x. 592
Naxara, see Cerf & Naxara
Naylnr,I.— vm. 199
Naylor, J.— xxil. fi38
Naylor.J, H.— XIX. 173
Naylor, J. W.— Denmark, 22
Naylor, M. — vn. 81
Naylor, Vickers, and Co, — xxii. ISO
Naylor, VV.— ii. 35; xxiv. 30
Naylor, W. — vii. 64
Naze, Son, and Co. — France, 625
Nazet, B.— France, 660
Neal & Tonks.— XXII. 285
Neale, VV . J.— vn. 121
Neath Abbey Coal Company. — Western
end. South enclosure (Outside), 44
Needham, H.— vui. 26U
Needham, J., see Needham, W. & J.
Needham, W. & J.— vm. 218
Neef, see Gerresheim & Neef
Nees, A. F.— ZoUveiein (1), 420
Nef, J. J,— Switzeilund, 198
clxvi
INDEX OF EXHIBITORS AND OTHERS
N«ft, M. N.— ZolWerein (2), 63
Nflgretti & Zambra.— x. IOUa
Negro, P. Dal.— Auitrid, 719
Neie, K. W.— ZollvcKin(l), 163
Neighbour & Son— ix. 1200
Neil, R.— XVII. 01
Neill, Catlierine, and Sons.— xii. & xv.
263
Neiih, J.— XIV. 63
Neilier & Brabant— Zollverein (1), 383
Nelii, J.— I. 15
NelMMi & Butten.— Canada, 84
Nelion, G.— Page 848; xxx. (Sculp-
ture Court), 39
Nelson, J.— xvi. 324 ; xxii. 229
Nelfoii, Kiiowln, & Co. — xviii. 29
NelMii, Me«an.— xxn. 102
Nelson, T. jun.— vi. 120
Menciiii, Prof, L. — Tiiscanjr, 100
Neraudeau, J. A. — France, 661
Mering, Bogel, & Co. — Netlierlands, 80
Nerincic, Sister*. — xix. 8
Nesbit, see Brunton and Ncsbit
Nesbitt, J. C— I. 46
Ness, Mary.— vii. 133
Nessel, C — Austria, 399a
Netscher, A. D. van der Oon. — British
Guiana, 6. 8-11. 16. 19. 27. 73. 78
Neltleton & Son xxii. 388
Neito, M.— Zollverein (1), 148
Neuack, see Saelger & Neuack .
Neubarth, see Glafey & Neuliarth
Neuber, Frie<lricb.— Zull. (3), 72- 83
Neubert, C. G.— Austria. ?>I0
NeubtotiTxr, G.— iSollv. (2) 97
Neuburger. — France, 662
Neuburger & Sons. — Zollverein (4), 49
Neuhaenser, Siegmund, & Co. — Austria,
229
Neuhaus & Bloseh. — Switzerland, 1
Neuhaus, H. J.— Zollverein (I), 922
Neuliau^, L. — Zollverein (1), 577
Neuhoir, J. H.— Zollverein (I), 603
Neumann, Brothers.— Switzerland, 193
Neumann, T. L. — Austria, 373
Neuner & Homsteiner.— ZoU. (2), 33
Neuwall, Chevaliers de. — Austria, 56
Nevell & Co.— XX. 7
Neves, A. J. das.— Portugal, 648-631
Iseviandt, see Grave 8e Neviandt
Neviandt & Pfleiderer.— Zoll. (I), 923
Nevill & Co.— XX. 20
Neviil, J. P.— v. 430
Nevill, Major.— XVI. 301a
New Brunswick India-rubber Co. —
United States, 360
New Jersey Exploring & Mining Com-
pany.—United States, 166
Mew York Agricultural Soc. — United
States, 83
New York Atlantic Dock Hills.—
United States, 126
New York Blind Institute.— United
Stales, 112
New York City Bank.— United States,
339
New York Iron Bridge Company. —
United States, 911
Newall, R. S. & Co.— xxn. 36
Newberry, F.— x. 460
Newberry, W.— ix. 57
Newbery, J. & R.— XVII. 148; XXVI.
313
Newbery, R., see Newbery, J. & R,
Newbold & Owen.— xxn. 133
Newbould & Raildon.— XXII. 133a
Newbury Local Committee. — xx. 166
Newcomb, T.— v. 205 ; x. 672a
Newcomb & Jones. — xix. 237
Newcombe^F.— V. 203
Newcome, J.— xvi. 323
Newell, <«e Day and Newell
Newliam, J. -v. 936
Newham, R.— xxx. 100
Newingtou, S.— x. 20
Newington, Dr. B.— IX. I2'U
Newman, O.— xvi. 146
\ewmaii, H. J United SteUs, 402
Newman, J.— x. 297. 674
Newman, W. H.— xxvii. 60
Newnham, B.— v. 928 ; xxvi. 365
Newnbam, T. O.— vii. 170
Newsham, S. J. — xxiv. 79
Newson, H.— x. 679
Newton, see Button & Newtrai ; Winsor
& Newton; Pigott & Newton
Newton, C. H.— rv. 20
Newton, I.— United States, 387,'
Newton, Jones, and Willis. — xn. 298
Newton & Son.— X. 212
Newton, W.— xxvi. 97
Newton, Sir W. J.— xxx. (Fine Art
Court) 290
Neyt, A. — Belgium, 197
Nibbs, J. S.— xxn. 472
Nicholas, Marthu. — xxn. 194
Nicholay & Son.— xvi. 30 1 A (Main
Avenue, West)
NiclioU & Co.— V. 770
Nicholl, S. J.— XXX. (Fine Art Court),
272
Nicholls, H.— XVI. 9
Nicholls, J.— I. 89. 162
Nicholls, R. H.— n. 20
Nicholls, W.— X. 414; xxix. 164
Nicholl* & Ashton. — Belgium, 318
Nichols, Mary Ann. — xxx. (Fine Art
Court) 251
Nicholson, tee Smith, Nicholson, & Co.
Nicholson, A. — United States, 949
Nicholson, Siret. — i. 904a
Nicholson, O. jun. — vii. 40
Nicholson, J.— xn. & XV. 170a
Nicholson, R.— Otnada, 326
Nicholson, V. — xxni. 38
Nicholson, W.— xxn. 137
Nicholson, W. N.— ix. 50 ; xxn. 87
Nickels, C. & Co.— xxvin. 78
Nicklin & Sneath.— xxn. 332
Nicod, V. & Son.— France, 663
Nicol, see Gaimes, Sanders, & Nicol
Nicol, A. & Co.— XIV. 87
Nicol & Allen,— XXVII. 69
Nicolas, P. — France, 664
Nicoll, B.— XX. 34
Nicoll, T.— XXVI. 182
Nicoll, W.— xxni. 21
NicoUs, Miss. — Bahama*
Nicoll* A.— xn. & XV. 261
Nicolson, R, — Canada, 326
Nieberg, J. L.— Hamburgh, 10
Niedree, J. R.— France, 669
Nielsen, N. — Denmark, 26
Nietzschmann So Vaccani. — Zollverein
(1), 706
Nieuwenborg, Brothers. — Belgium, 343
Nieva, the Alcalde of Santa Maria de.
—Spain, 233
Nightingale.C, seeNightingaIe,W.& C.
Nightingale, W. & C— iv. 57
Nijne-Tourinsk, Imperial Iron Works of.
—Russia, 10
Nijni Novgorod, Merchants, &c. of. —
Russia, 223. 314
Nikitin. — Russia, 68
Nillus.— France, 1371
Nilson & Junker. — Russia, 308
Nilus, jun. — France, 939
Nimmo & Son.— vi. 37
Nimmo, T. & Co.— iv. 122
Nisbet, J. & Co.— xxx. (Fin* Art
Court), 116
Nissen, J. — Denmark, 20
Nissen & Parker.— n. 36
Nixey, W. G.— n. 112 ; xxn. 640
Nixon, J. & Co.— I. 267
Niion,T.— vn. 174; vx. 161
N. N.— Russia, 83. 88, 89. 103-107.
129. 128. 146.274.280.291
Noak, J. see Noak, W. «, J.
Noak, W.&J.— III. 118
Moakes, see Frost, Nonkei, & Vincent
Nobert, F. A.— Zollverein (1), 77
Nobili, C— Tuicany, 91
Noble, see Standiah & Noble
Noe, O.— Zollverein (I), 418
Noel.— France, 666. 1669 ; see alio
Aubert & Noel
Noel, F. -Belgium, 322; France, 936
Noel, H. W.— XXVI. 400
Noerdlinger, Professor.— Zoll. (4), 11
Nogaisk Tartars.— Russia, 196
Nogarede, J. L.— France, 937
Noggerath, Dr. — Belgium, 901
Noguiera, A. de S&.— Portugal, 401.
438
Nuirsain, J. — xxn. 491
Nolan, W.U X.338
Nolte, see Bolenius, &c.
Noordendorp, P. H. — Netherlands, 110
Noose.— Zollverein (1), 310a
Norberg & Satber's Iron Mines. — Swe-
den, 102
Norberto, P. F.— Portugal, 917. 999.
623. 626
Norchi, E.— xxx. (Fine Art Court) 309
Rome, 31
Nordmann, G. L. — Zollverein (1), 30
Nurgate, see Williams & Norgate
Norman. — Sweden, 34
Norman, G.— xxn. 391
Norman, 8. W.— xvi. 201 ; xx. 167
North, C— XXVI. 259
North, D.— XXVI. 257
Northern Lighthouse*, Commiseioner* of.
— vn. 99
Northern, W.— x. 419
Northumberland Life Boat Committee.
— vin. 136
Northumberland Patent Rope Company.
— XXIX. 1 59
Northumberland & Durham Coal Trade.
—I. 273
Norton, J.— xn. & xv. 126 ; xxx. 346
Norwood, C. — xxvi. 314
Nolhhaft, F.— Aiutria, 492
Nottebohm & Co.— Zollverein (1), 639
Noulton & Wyld.— vni. 178
Nourry, Brothers, & Maynard, Courin*.
—France, 1670
Nouvelle Monlagne (Societi de la),
Verviers. — Belgium, 7
Nova Scotia Central Committee, — ^Nova
ScofiA
Novello,J. A.— xvn. 127 ;
Nowak, F. — Austria, 1 13
Nowill, J. & Sons.— xxn. 149
Nowotny, A.— Austria, 66. 629
Noye, see Ksprit & Nnye
Noye, F.— France, 1372
Noyes, see Maynard & Noyes
No* & Diggelmann. — Switserland, 133
Nuifel, Van, & Covelier*. — Belgium.
225
Numa-Grar & Co. — France, 667
Nunes, J. P.— Portugal, 1237
Nunn, A.— VII. 187; ix. 92a ; xxii.
703
Nunn, E. B. see Nunn, J. P, &. E. B.
Nunn, J.— XXVI. 228
WHOSE NAMES APPEAR IN THE CATALOGUE.
dxvii
nmiwionen of.
Committee.
>>pe Company,
m Coal Trade.
26 ; XXX. 346
ieti de la),
littee. — Nova
Nunn, J. P. & E. U.— ix. 218
Nunii, H. M.— X. 371
Nunn & Som.— XXVI. 160
Nunni & Clark.— United States, 374
Nuno, D. — Spain, 62
Ntiure, the Diviiioiial Committee uf. —
Sardinia, 36
Nurgat, Made. — France, 1S04a
Nurie & Co.— V. 932
Nuwiiaiimer, L. — Aiiitria, 497
Niiueyi, Bee Hargreave & Nuueyi
Nutchey, J.— xxvi. 2J8
Nye, K.— XXVI. 54
Nyrop, C. — Denmark, 19
Nyset & Co.— France, 1373
Nyatrand.— Sweden, 82
Oakden, P.— Van Diemen'f Land, 161
—164
Oakeley, E. — Western end, South en-
closure (Outside), 34
Oakey, H.— x. 675a
Oakford, C— United States, 40
Oakley, T.— xvi. 270
Oostler & Palmer.- XVI. 286
Gates, J. P.— X. 520
Gates, W.— VII. 10
Gl»erconx, H.— Zollverein (1), 3i3
Ohemdorf, Royal Gun Manufuctory. —
Zollverein (4), 15
Obroutcheff— Kuuia, 348
Obry, Jules Uemard, & Co.— France,
334
G'Byrne, VV. C— I. 248
Ochs— France, 668
O'Connell, J.— xi. 31
G'Conner, U.— viii. 189 ; «es also Ross,
&c.
O'Connor, see Ross, O'Connor, & Carson
O'Connor, A., see O'Connor, M. & A.
O'Connor, M. & A.— xxiv. 65
Oddy, S.— XX. 121
Odell, see Sharp, Odell, & Jury
Odent, X., Sons, & C;o.— France, 938
Odeurs, J, M. — Belifiiim, 169
Gdiot.— France, 1617
O'Donnell, Mary. — xix. 53
Gdy, see Salmon, Ody, & Co.
Gel)erg & Co. — Sweden & Norway, 1 1
Gehler, Brothers —Zollverein (3), 116
Oehler, C— Zollverein (6), 8
Gehme, C. W.— Zollverein (1), 116
Gehmig & Schmidt.— Zoll.(3), 154
Oelbermaim, D. Sons, & Co, — Zoll-
verein (1), 497
Gertling, A.— Zollverein (1), 87
Oertling, L.— x. 334
Oe8terl)erg,C. O. — Sweden & Nurwuy,l 1
Oestreiclier, D. — Austria, 396
Octzmann & Plumb.— x. 683.
OfTergeld, F. J.— Belgium, 4
OOermaim, F. W — Zollverein (1), 350
Oflermann, J. H. — Austria, 221
Offlahertie, H.— l. 521
Gffiier, J. W.— Austria, 444
Offord, D.— VIII. 25; x. 680; xxi. 28
OfTord, D. & Bradl)eer.— VIII. 26
GlTord, R.— V. 934
Ogden, see Sykes & Ogden.
Oger, J. L. M.— France, 939
Ogleby & Co.— XXIX. 139
Ogilvie, see Mitchell, Miller, &c.
O'Halloran, see Parlett, O'Hallotan, &c.
Ohio Board of Agriculture. — United
Stales, 24
Ohle, K. F.— Zollverein (1), 62
Glilson, J. — XXIV. 10
Oigiiie, Charbonnagc d', Coal Mines, —
Belgium, 32
Oldfleld, Allan, & Co.— xii. & x^. U7
Oldfleld & Co.— xxviT. 76
Oldfleld, Rev.- 1. 21
Oldrlui, J.— Austria, I06a
0'Leary,J.-xvi. 265
Oliver, F.— United States, 003
Oliver, J,— xxvii. 41
Oliver, B. S.— xx. 88
Oliver, G. T.— xxx. (Fine Art Court),
16
Oliver, O.— vn. 65
Oliver, T.— Unitnl States, 34!
Oliver, W.— iv. 39; xxii »21
Olivier & Co.— Belgium, 201
Ollerdissen, P.— Zcllverein (I), 051
Glliffe, C. R.- v. 771
Olmo, J.— Spain, 107
Olmsted, Mrs. J.— Uuite<l States, 359
Oloneli, Ini|ierial Alexanilrovsk Camion
Foundry at— Russia, 285
Oloreiisbaw, J. & Co, — x. 3
Okbardsen, F.— Hamburgh, 90
Olver, Lydia.— XIX. 259
Omulius, G. D'.— Belgium, 171
O'Meoro, M.— Canada, 170
Omer, Kibury. — Turkey
Ouate; Royal Ordnance Office. — Spain,
262 f Main Avenue, East)
Ondagoliflut, P. — Canada, 172
Onion, B. — xix. 56
Onions, J. C— xxii. 249
Oomen, A. M. — Nrtlierlonds, 8
Oossein-Ogli. — Russia, 142
Gost, P. Van.— Belgium, 219
Ooste, A.— Russia, 194
Ooate-Catchey-Goste-Ali-Beck-Ogli. —
Russia, 163
Ooste-Selim-MoUa-Noori-Ogli. — Russia,
165
Opdenhoff& Hartung.- ZoU. (1), 134
Opheii, Van. — Belgium, 40
Opige* & Chazelle (late Gagelin) —
France, 336
Oporto Coal Mining Co.— Portugal, 17
Oppelt, B.— Spain, 271
Oppenheim, H. & Co. — Zollverein (1),
728 ; (3), 99
Oppenheimer, Caroline. — Austria, 701a
Orban, J. M. &; Son.— Belgium, 372
Orchard, J.— X. 161
Ordnance Survey of the United King-
dom.—i. 159 ; VIII. 128 ; x. 4
Orduna, V. — Spain, 214
Grense, Mining Inspector of. — Spain, 18
Organ, J, — Western end. South enclo-
sure (Outside), 1 ; xxvii. 85
Ormerod, R. & Son. — v. 624
Orpwood, G. — XXII. 552
Grr, see Cohen & Orr ; Ewing, Orr, &
Co.
Orr, M. — vin. 75
Orr, W. S. & Co.— xvn. 109
Orsetti, C. T.— Tuscany, 31
Orsi & Armani. — xxvii. 36
Ortega y Soler, F.— Spain, 193
Orton, R.— vin. 136
Gsborn, Matilda.— xix. 260
Osborne. — xx. 121
Osborne, C— vui. 234
Osier, P. & C— XXIV. 20 (Main
Avenue and Transept)
Osmond, G.— xxii. 658
OsshCTger's, P. successor. — Austria, 189
Ossoli, see Marchesi & Gssoli
Osten, L. V. D.— Zollverein (1), 150
Osterberger, L. — Anstria, 538
Gsterby Iron Works. — Sweden and
Norway, 6
Oswald, M. & Co.— Switzerland, 152
Oswald, Stevenson, & Co.— xi. 10& 45
Oswego Starch Factory. — United States,
104
Otis, B. H.— United States, 23
Gite, J.— Belgium, 2
Ollley, T.— XXII. 306
Gttn, see Isler & Otto ; Scbaffer, Otto, &
Sbeibe
Otto, F, H.— Netherlands, 56
Otto, H.— Zollverein (4), 4/
Gndard, L. Son, ti Boucherot — France,
1374
Gudin, C. A. P.— Finnce, 1876
Oudin & Co.— France, 1375
Oudin-Cormy.— France, 669
Guerim, O. — Austria, 84
Gugrie. — Soci£tJ des Cbarbonnages et
Hants Foumaus, D. — Belgium, 40
Ounkovsky. — Ruuia, 54
Ourscamp Society. — France, 379
Gutridge, J.— British Quiona, 20a. 47.
48. 01. 55c. 62. 84-85. 80b, 86c. 87
89a. 91-92A. U7-98A. 104. ]()5a.
106.-I15A. 117D-117ii. I48B.-103
Overbeck.— xxm. 129
Overbury, J.— xii. & xv. 216
Overloop, J. C. van. — Belgium, 236
Overman. — Belgium, 297
Owden, ttt Richardauii, Sons, &c.
Owen, see Brown, Owen, & Co. ; New-
bold & Owen ; Saiidford & Owen ;
Sandford, Owen, & Watson
Owen, C— II. 83
Owen, H.— X. 670; xvn. 180
Owen, J. — Denmark, 44
Owen & Levick. — xxiii. 41
Owens, J.— United States, 319
Owtram & Co.— xi. 62
Oxeda & Aqui. — Algeria, 40
Oxland, J.&R ii. 120
Oxley, W.— X. 689
Oxley, W. & Co.— XXII. 806
Oyler, S.— II. 113
Oyler & Anderson.— United States, 305
Ozann, Dr. G.— Zollverein (2), 87
Gzerov, T. Russia.— 228
Ozouf, H.— France, 670
Paardeberg, J. S, C— South Africa, 7
Pace, see Tylor & Pace
Pace, J.— X. 117
Pace&Sons.— X. 517
Pacini, D. — Tuscany, 33
Packer, see Packer & Towns
Paddon & Ford.— xxii. 424
Padley , Parkin, & Staiiiforth.— xxiii.42
Padreddii, F.— Tuscany, 60
Padwick, Anne. — xix. 261
Pndwick, W. F.— IX. 215
Paetoch, G. T.— Zollverein (1), 18
Paetsch & Hintze.— Zollverein (1), 218
Pagan, P.— Switzerland, 64
Page, E.— United States, 92
Page, Eleanor & W.— xxix. 194
Page, H. C— XXVII. 26
Page, H. M.— XXVI. 229
Page, J. R.— I. 425
Paget, J. A.— France, 337
Pagnerre. — Frsnce, 940
Paige, J. W., & Co.— United States, 436
537
Paillard, A., see Paillard, E. & A,
Paillard, A. V.— France, 1713
Paillard, E.— France, 671
Paillard Brothers— Switzerland, 26
Paillard, J. M.— France, 672
Paillart, Brothers.— France, 338
Paillete, P.— France, 1377
Paine, J. M.— l. 36 ; ill. 62
Paine, W.— x. 295
dxviil
INDEX OF EXHIBITORS AND OTHERS
Pauuit, L. il«.— France, 590
Pais, Beauroyi C. Di>.— Franor, 941
Pajk, O.— Auiiria, U7
PiiTatini, «M SffttUiio, Palatini k Co.
Palcncia, Impcctur of Mines of the
district of.— Spain, 27
Paleneia, M. R.— Spain, 12
Palnupber, V.— Auitria, 637
Plilii, A.-Zollverein, (1), 26 J
Palleiiberg, H.— Zollverein,.(l), 421
Palling, W.--X1I.& XV, il3
Palmella, Duke de.— Portugal, 114.
S30-634. 604-610
Palme', tte Burn* and Palnr.er ; Hunt-
ley >»d Palmer; Oostler and Palmer
Palmer & Co.— xxii. 4-17
Palmer, F. B.— United Slatei, 39
Palmer, O.— viii. 136
Palmer, H.— xxvi. 59
Palmer, Helen.— xix. 363
Palmer, J. L.— France, 942
Palmer, Hackillop, & Co. — Cliina
Palmer, Miu.— xxvi. 32i
Palmer, R.— IX. 48a ; xix. 400; xxvi.
53
Palmer, W.— xxx. (Fine Art Ct.), 197
Palmer, W. K.— United Statei, 347
Palmer.W.V.— X. 451
Palmgreu, P. F.— Sweden, 49, 68
Palsgrave, J. T.— Canada, 189
Pamer, S. — Auitria, 44)
Panciatichi, Marqiiii. — T''.scan]r, 96
Panna, N. & J. Alexis. — Austria, 94
Pannell, J.— ix. 204
Pannilini, C. A. O.— Tuscany, 42
Panormo, C— Page 890
Panormo, L.— x. 525
Pknsa& Hauschild.— Zollrerein (3), 42
Pantaiapuulus, A. — Greece, 51
Panteleetr, M.— Russia, 175
Paoletti, P.— Tuscany, 29
Paolo, see Vella, Paolo, & Co.
Papavoine & Cliatel.— France, 339
Pape, J. H.— France, 943
Papera, J. P.— xxx. (Fine Art Ct.), 17
Papi, C— Tuscany, 116
Pappafava. — Austria, 70
Papperitt, J. F.— ZolWerein (3), 173
Papworth, R. O. — xxx. (Sculpture
Court), 27
Papwortb, J. W.— xix. 379
Papworth, W. & J. W.— xxx. (Fine Art
Court), 22a
Paquet, Marie — Belgium, 33ft
Faquet-Fazy, Mde. — Switzerland, 105
Paradis, De Huoli,& Co.— France, 340
Paravagna & Casella. — xxiil. 84
Pardo y Bartolini, M. — Spain, 116
Pardoe, Huomaiis, & Pardoe. — xix. 263
Paidon, >ee Reed & Pardon
Pardouz. — France, 341
Pare, Gera Di. — Austria, 85
Parent.— France, 944
Parent, T. J. F.— Belgium, 278
Paret, M.— France, 1378
Parey, C. F. W.— ZoUverein (1), 169
Parfrey, Q.— v. 973
Pari, O. — Austria, 85
Parini, J. — Sardinia, 91
Paris, see Duval & Paris
Paris, C. E.— France, 1379
Paris Chocolate Co.— Ul. 30
Paris Conservatoire des Arts et Metiers.
—France, 1568
Paris, E.— I. 4 ; New Granada, 4
Paris, N atioual Printing-office. — France,
544
Parisault, F. — Canada, 77
Parisault, J.— Canada, 76. 129
Parish, R. jun.— United States, 588
Parisot, F.— France, 1673
Park, S. H.-X. 337
Park and Thompson.— xix. SO
Parker, §m Lowthian ft Parker ; Morri-
son ft Parker; Nissen ft Parker;
Towusend, Parker, &c.
Parker, ft Acolt.— xxiL 298
Parker ft Brown.— United States, 235
Parker, C.—vui. 67; see alio Parker,
C B ft C
Parker,"c. K." ft C— vi. 77
Parker, Field, ft Sons.— viii. 324
Parker, J.— xvi. 242 ; Canaila, 68
Parker, J. H.—xvn. 120
Parker, Rev. Dr.— China
Parker ft Sons.— xvi. 116
Parker, Wilder, ft Co.- United States,
513
Parkes, Brothers. — Canada, 186
Parkes, H. P.— yni. 108
Pkrkes, H. W.— xxii. 6A9
Parkes, J. ft Son, X. 671
Parkin, see Blake ft Parkin ; Padley,
Parkin, ft Slamforth, &o.
Parkin ft Marshall.— xxii. 119
Parkins, T.— xxix. 152
Parkinson, see Hattersley, Parkinson,
ft Co.
Parkinson & Frodsham. — x. 35
Parks.— X. 579
Parks, S. H.— X. 337
Parks, W. J.— X. 413a
Parlant!, B — Tuscany, 101
Parlby, see White ft Parlby
Parlett, O'Hallonm, ft Co — Ceylon
Parmenter, R.— United States, 244
Parmentier, P. — Belgium, 2'22
Pariiuit, V. Dautresme, Sons, ft Co. —
France, 673
ParoiMien, A. — France, 945
Parr, Curtis, ft Madeley.— vi. 6. 213
Parreira, M.— Portugal, 1169,1170
Parrot,;W.— n. 46
Parry, see Kirk ft Parry
Parsch, Brothers.— Austria. 279
Parsey, A.— v. 591
Parsey, W.— viu 88
Parsons, v. 807, see Ransom ft Parsons
Parsons, Fletcher, ft Co. — xvn. 31
Parsons, J.— IX. 112
Parsons, John.— i. 232
Parsons, P. M.— v. 642
Parsons, W.— viii. 270
Partogas ft Co.— Spain, 251
Partridge, N. — xii. and xv. 212
Partridge, W.— xxx. (Fine Art Court),
333
Partsch, A. jun.— Austria. 611. 662
Parys, J. see Docquir, P. J.,&c.
Pascual y Abad, A.— -Spain, 286
Pashkoir, A.— Rauia, 23
Paihkotr M.— Russia, 24
Pask, see Koenig & Pask
Paiquali, D. R. — Rome, 2
Hasquet, Ou, see Vaucher, &c.
Posqui, R.— Tuscany, 83
Pass, sne Gatenby Sc Pass
Pass, A. De.— Soutli Africa, SO
Pass, C. G.— ZoUverein (I), 377
Pasianionte, 8. — Rome, 32a
Passmore, W. — xvi. 79
Posteyns, P. — Belgium, 484
Fastor-Bertrand ft Co.— Belgium, 395
Pastorelli, D.— Tuscany, 35
Patek, P. ft Co.— Switzerland, 99. 274
Paternoster, T v. 936
Patemostre, J. — Belgium, 331
Paterson, O. — Canada, 1 15
Paterson, J.— XX. 19. 129
PatcrsoD, Jamiesou, ft Co. — XI. 11
Paterson, T.— v. 148
Paterson, T.L.— VI. 28
Paton, D. see Paton, J. ft D.
Paton, J. ft D.— XII. ft xv. 466
Patoue, Driun, ft Co.— France, 674
Patrian, C— France, 1380
Patrick, see Lambert, Brown, fto.
Patron, J. de.— 29a
PatUk G.— Auitria, 350
Patterson, D.— United BUtes,478; Van
Disman's Land, 48 ; see also Almy,
Patterson, ft Co.
Patterson, J.— Canada, 140
Patterson, W.— viii. 136
Patteson, R. S.— United States, 278
Pattinsonft Cain.- I.4U7
Patlinson, H. L.— I. 460
Pattinson, W. W.— II. 18 (Main Ave-
nue, West)
Pattison, E.— xvi. 186
Patton, J.— Switzerland, 44
Pature- Lupin, Seydous, Seibler, ft Co.
—France, 1381
Paublan.— France, 9 16
Paul-Ulyise.— France, 676
Pttuli ft Buohholt.— ZoUverein (1), 368
Pauller, J. ft Son.— Austria, 649
Paulo, y M. Bartolini. — Spain, 44
Pauly, A., see Pauly, G. ft A.
Pauly, G. ft A.— Switzerland, 109
Pauly, C— ZoUverein (1), 338
Pauw, De. — Belgium, 485
Pauwels, A.— France, 342, 1382
Pavlides, B. — Greece, 12
PavloflT, N. —Russia, 333
Pawson, Son, ft Martin.— xii. ft xv. 40
Paxon, W.— X. 191
Paxton, J.— IX. 125 ; X. 742
Payen, A. R. — France, 1674
Payne. — xxvi. 383; see also Rock,
&c. ; Ward & Payne.
Payne, O.— xxix. 29
Payne, H.— in. 82
Payne ft Son.— iii. 22
Payne & Sons. — xxni. 4
Payne, W. ft Co.— x. 73
Payne's PatentTimber Preserving Com-
pany.— IV. 139
Paxelt, A.— Austria, 603
Peace, A. ft Co.— xiL & xv. 91 ; xx„
128
Peace, H.— xxii. 233a
Peace, J — xxii. 233
Peach, see King ft Peach
Peochey, Emma.— xxvl 238
Peachey, G.— x. 502
Peachey, J. jun.— xxx. (Fine A rt Court
320
Peacock, A.— xxix. 193
Peacock, G.— ii. 73
Peake, C. C— xxx. (Fine Art Court),
144
Peake, T.— xxvn. 1 23
Peal, N.— XVL 197
Peale, C. W.— United States, 74
Pearce, E. E.— xxx. (Fine Art Court),
32
Pearce, T. B v. 709; vin. 330;
XXIX. 173. 311
Pearce, W.— ix. 77 ; xxu. 671 ; xxvn.
79
Pearl, J.— xvi. 100
Pears, A. ft F.— xxix. 24
Pears, F., see Pears, A. & F.
Pearse, see HaWiug, Pvarse, & Stone
Pearse, Clara.— xix. 266
Pearson.— XVII. 29; xxii. 541 ; Van
DIemen's Land, 109 ; see also Harrop,
Taylor, and Pearson.
Pearson ft Co.— xi. 31
WHOSE NAMES APPEAR IN THE CATALOGUE.
clxix
ltat«f,478; Van
•M aliu Almy,
— xn. & XV. 40
reierviiig Com-
1
k XV. 91 ; xx„
le Art Cuttrt),
n. 54] ; Van
re alfo Harrop,
Paanon, J.— XII. ft xv. 239 j xx. 126a
PMnon, J. w.— viii. aa
Paanon, W. P.— xxvii. 65
Ptart & DoMctnr.— XX. 5
PeaMiiti. Kamale, of VVcxfurd, xx. 181
PeafT, H. ft Co.— XII. ft xv. 184
Peaw, Heaton, ft Co.— xii. ft xv. 60
PtaM. J.— I. 122
PeaM, A. H.— United State*, 230
Peat— Braiil, 3.
Prat-wurking CompoiiT of Ireland. — i.
231.
Pecare ft Smith.— United Slatee, 307
Peck, Mn.C. P.— United Slatee, 248
Peck,0.— \'aii Uiemen'f Land, 224-226
Peckerd, J. P.— XVII. 110
Peckham, J.— United Sutee, 320b
Pedolin, P.— Switierland, 49
Pedro, 8. de Araya, the Director of the
Factory of. — S|)ain, 12
Pedroeo Iron Co., Seville. — Spain, 24
Peel, A. K.— XVI. 66
Peel, J.— XXVIII. 1 75
Peel, W. ft Co.— XII. ft XV. 164
Peemani, Mad. H. — Bvlgium, SO
Peeri, Le Chevalier E.— Belgium, 75
Peet, T.— IV. 132.
Peglw, C— xrv. 43
Peigne, V. J.— France, 947
Pelle, J. J. ft Co.— VII. 77.
Peill ft Co.— Zollverein (1), 369
Peirce, W.— XXII. 18
Peixoto, J. C— Portugal, 629
Peldrian't Heire. — .Auetria, 288
Pelikan, J.— Auitria, 097
PelittI, Q.— Austria, 161
Peliiarui, tee Tack, W. ft Co.
Pell, R. J.— United Statei, 115
Pellatt ft Co.— XXIV. 33
Pellegrini, S.— Rome, 27
Pellerin, G. A.— France, 1383
Pellier, Drothere.— France, 948
Pelling, C— XIV. 4
Pelliuier. — Algeria, 42
Peluai, E.— Tuicany, 56
Peltereau, A. — France, 677
Pelteieau, F. jun. — France, 919
Peltier, W.— Zollverein (1),518
Pemberton, see Simcox, ftc.
Fena, A.— Spain, ihi
Penafltl, E.— Spain, 7 J
Pendleton Alum Work*, Mancbeeter.
—II. 7
Peneau, J.— France, 950
Peneipe, Council of. — Portugal, 1281
PenHeld ft Camp.— United States, 296
Penfold, O.— xin.59
Penley, E. A.— xix. 392
Penn ft Son, v. 8
Penner, J.— Canada, 65. 132
Penney, H. — tv. 64
Penniman, U. H.— United Statee, 249
Pennington, J, — x. 53
Pennock ft Co.— i. 218
Pennaylvaiiia Railroad Company. —
United Statei, 327
Penny, H.— xvii. 32
Penny, J. — xvi. 91
Penrice, Lieut. B.B.— vni. 173
Penrose, F. C— x. 318
Penryn Local Committee, see Falmouth
and Penryn Local Committee
Pentelicon, Prior of the Monastery. —
Greece, 45
Penz, J. — Austria, 446
Peui, T.— Austria, 447
Penzance Serpertine Co. — Western end.
South enclosure (Outside) 26
Pepin-Viellard. — France, 1675
Peplow, W.— xvi. 157
Pepper, fee Serjeant and Pepper
Pepper, Otto. — Hamburgh, 18
Peppercorn — xxx, 3J6
Perard, ««e Heniacle, J. ftr.
Perardft Mineur. — Belgium, 18
Peroival, J.— xviii. 73
Percy.— XXIII. 94
Perdious, J, — Belgium, 53
Ptfrdr, J. F.— Belgium, 375
Perelli, A.— Sardinia, 66
Pereta, Mine* of— Tuscany, 4
Perez ft Co.— Spain, 271a
Perfect, see Shepard and Perfect
Perger, J.— Austria, 111. 174
Perier, see Gorsas ft Perier
Pereira, J. da 8.— PortUKal, 713
Perigal, H. jun.— x. 693
Perisault, J.— Canada, 323
Perkes ft Co.- xxil. 64.
Perkei, see Wood ft Perkea
Perke*, 8. ft Co.— vii. 162
Perkins, A. iM.— United States, 533. 541
Perkins ft Brown.— United State*, 201
Perkins, H.— ill. 149
Perkins, 8. M.— United States, 472
Perkins, W.— x. 581
Perm, Imperial Bogoslovsk Copper
Work* of.— Russia, 6. 20
Perm, Imperial Ekaterinburg Engine
Factory.— Ruuia, 168
Perm, Imperial Goroblagodatsk Iron
Works at. — Russia 7
Perm, Imperial Kamensk Iron Works at.
—Russia 8.
Perm, Imperial Kouuinsk Iron Works
at. — Russia, 9
Perm, Imperial Nijne-Isselsk Works at.
— Russia, 16
Perot, G. G.— France, 1385
Perot, G. J. sen. — France, 951
Perotis, O. — Greece, 8.
Perret, A.— Switzerland, 18
Perret, C— Switzerland, 271
Perret, Charlotte.— Swiferland, 39
Perret ft Son.— Switzerland, 21
Perron. — France, 343
Perrot, Petit, ft Co.— France, 952
Perry ft Co.— xxii. 687 ; xxiv. 36
Perry, E.— xxii. 60a
Perry, Rev. E.— xn. 268
Perry, G. J.— Canada, 181
Perry, H.— v. 112
Perry, H. J.— v. 562; vi. 601
Perry, J.— xxix. 60; Canada, 167;
United State*, 72
Perry, Mrs.— xix. 1^68
Perry ft Sou— xxn. 69 1 a
Perry, W. — xxx. (Fine Art jourt)
101
Perselaert ft Son. — Netherlands, 71
Perseveranca, C. — ^Portugal, 14
Pescheloohe-Viviu. — France, 344
Pesel ft Menuet.— France, 678
PessI, O.— Austria, 544
Pester, A.— Zollverein (3), 72-83.
Peter, J.— Switzerland, 67
Peterhoff Imperial Polishing Manufac-
tory.— Russia, 298
Peterman, A. — x. 711
Peters, see llstonson & Peters
Peters, D.— xn. ft xv. 220
Peters ft Son.— xxviii. 131
Peters ft Sons.— v. 938
Peters, T. C— United States, 106
Petersburg, St., Imperial Alexandrovsk
Manu.— Russia, 19. 149. 210. 219.
Petersburg, St., Imperial China Manu.
—Russia, 318
Petersburg, St., Imperial Coach Making
Establishment.— Russia, 154
Petersburg, St., Imperial JJorsk Work*.
—Russia, 169
Petersen, J. — Hamburgh, 5.
Petersen, P, — Denmark, 35
Petersen, P. L.— Denmark, II
Peterson, T.— iii. 66. xxii. 363.
Petit, see Doueet ft Petit
Petit, A.— Russia, 25H
Petit, Clement.— France, 679
Petit ft <;o. see Perrot, Petit, ft Co.
Petit, F.. ft Co.— Belgium, 13
Petit ft Fritsen.— Netherlands, 7H
Petit Noel, Leronge, ft Co.— Belgium,
346-250
Petit, sen., ft Co.— France, 345
Petitcolin, J.— France, 953
Petithomme, L. A. — France, 954
Petley, T.— viii. 58
Petrak, J.— Austria, 289
Petri, J.— Zollverein (6), 41
Petrina, Profrssor. — Austria, 135
P ..i-opouloe, C. — Greece, 5
PetroviU, D.— Austria, 730
Petrucoi, C. C. — Tuscany, 40
Petschacher, A. — Austria, 688
Pettit, R. Lewis.— XXIV. 65
Pettit, W., ft Co.— X. 81
Pettit, W. J.— IX. 92
Pettitt ft Son.— XVI. 134
Pets, C— Russia, 292
Peti, W.— Austria, 28
Pelioldt ft Bhrett.— Zollverein (3), 48
Petsoldt, F.— Zollverein (3), 141
Peuget, F.— XXVII. 92
Peyman, H. P.— Page 850
Peyron, S.— France, 955. 1387
Peyroulx, H. — France, 1676
Peyton ft Harlow.— xxii. 371
Pfaflr, 6.— United Stales, 626
Pfair, M.— Zollverein (2), 35
Pfaltz, see Ihm, Boelim, ft Pfalts
PfeiiTer, A. P.— Auetria, 6U4
Pfeiffer, C— Zollverein (I), 184
Pfeiffer, J.— Aiutria, 418
Pfeiffer, J., ft Co.— Auitria, 606
Pfeiffer, L.— Auitria, 681
Pfeningberger, J.— Austria, 248. 359
Pferdmenge*, see Widemann, ftc.
Pferdmenge*, Brothers. — Zollverein (1)
574
Pferdmenge* ft Kleinjuug.— Zollvereiu
(I). 673
Pfeuffer, C— Zollverein (1), 286
Pfeiffers ft Ax.— Zollverein (I), 667
Pfltzner ft Beckers.— Austria, 41
PHeiderer, see Neviandt, ftc.
Pfleiderer, J. — Austria, 476
Pfregner, F. A.— Austria, 682
Pfusterschmidt, J. — Austria, 546
Phalon, E.— United States, 300
Pharland, Mr*. — Van Diemen's Land,
177
Philadelphia- United States, 558
Philcox, G.— X. 22
Philibert, F., see Philibert, L. ft F.
Philibert, L. ft F.— Russia, 124
Philip.— France, 680 ; see also Wheeler,
Philip, ft Co.
Philip, J.— Page 848
Philippe ft Conaud. — France, 966
Philippine Islands, The Central Fac-
lory of Tobacco.— Spain, 248
Phillippos, G. — Greece, 4
Phillips, see Bloomer ft Phillips : Casey
ft Phillips; Faudell ft Phillips;
Lacey & Phillips
Phillips, Brothers. — xxui. 87
Phillips, C— Western end. North En-
closure (Outsitle), 63
Phillips, C, ft Co.— IX. 252
clxx
IKDEX OF EXHIBITORS AND OTHERS
PhllllM, Xmilr.-xn. in
piiiiiips, a.— IX. 12a
PhilliM, H.-xxii. m
Fhlllipt. J.-x. 411 ! XII. ft XV. 223
PbilliiN. J. 0.-XXII. 6
Phillipt, R«bece«.-xix. 373
PhilliM, Smiili & Co.— I. 000
PhllliiM, Smith & Philliiw.— xii. & XV.
217
Philtip* U Son.— ZoUvtrtin (I), 412
Phillips W.-1. 101
Pliillip*. W. H.— V. 91
Plilllpotti, Mary Ann*.— xx. 18
Philp & Whicker.— X. 641
PhipiMnI, T.— I. 113
PliiniN, Dr.— viii. 127
Phipp^ W. D.-XVI. 310
Pbtanix Maiiuracliiriiig Co., MoMoeliu*
Mito.— Uniletl State*, 426
Phytiok, R.G xxx. (Soulptui* Coiut)
69
Pbjriick, R. J.— Pag* 830 ( xxx. (Sculp*
tun Court), 47
Pian, Cailagiiaio. — Tuioany, 10
Piaiiello, D.— Sardinia, 3
PicanI, B.— Fraiioe, 347
Pioaril-Masy, R. — Belgium, 405
Pioault, O. F.— Eranee, 348
Picciotto, M. H.— II 33 ; iv. S3
Pichard, A. F.— France, 1388
Piehler, J.— Austria, 339, 345
Pichot, «ee Meillet and Pichot
Pichot, A.— France, 349
Picic, J.— RuMia, 170
Pickering, K. T.— xxx. (Fine Art Court),
234
Pickering, J.— XXVI. 347
Pickering, W.— xvu. 140
Piekhardt, O.— ZolWerein (1), 619
Pickthom, Kither.— xix. 273
Picquot, K. France, 13tt9
Fidgley, F. J.— xxx. (Fine Art Court),
335
Piece, liouiia. — Switierland, 233
Piedagnel, Mile.— France, 1390
Piedrula, M Spain, 84
Piegler, G.— Zollvereiii (1), 765
Piepenitock & Co.— Zollverein ( I ), 473
Pierce, Mre. J. 8.— United State*, ^48a
Pierce, W.— xxii. 107
Pieri, Count G.— Tuicany, 4!
Pierii, T. A. — Ceylon
Pierotti, G. — Au*tria, 720, (Main
Avenue, Ea*t)
Pierret. — France, 330
Pierret, J. B.— Franre, 958
Pierion. — France, 957 ; Van Diemen'i
Land, 9
Pieue, S.— III. 129
Piette, L.— Zollverein (I), 394
Piggott, «ee Tliurman, Figgutt, & Co.
Piglhein, see Wernrr & Piglhein
Piglia. — Algeria, 43
Pigutt & Co.— XXII. 281
Pigott, J.— XVI. 261
Pigott & Newton.— XIV. 36
Pike, we Booth & Pikd
Pike, J., see Pike, W. & J,
Pik*-, T. J — XXX. (Fine Art Court),
336
Pike, W. it J.— I. 102
Pilger, L. — Netlierlancli, 52a
Pilkington, J.— viii. 176
Pillaut & Co.— France, 351
Pillenee & Zenbach, Imperial Smelting
Works.— AuKtria, 407
Pillischer, M.— x. 269
Pilli*, F.— Austria, 541
Pilout.— France, 681
Pill*, C— Austria, 540
Pils*, O.— Austria, 543
Pil**, M.— Aualtia, 543
Pim, Brother*, tk Co.— xil. & xv, 2.^5
Pim, J. E.— XVI. 59
Pimenlel, J. M.— Portugal, 020-925.
927.935.931,932.964
Pimm, H. k Co.— I. 478
Pimont.— France, 1391
Pinan, J.— Spain, 61, 139
Piu-Bayard.- France, 08i
Pinche* ft Co.— xvii. >33
Pinder, Uoume, ft Hope.— xxv. 15
Pinder, W. ft Suns.— xxil. 574
Pinkerton, J.— xxiv. 3
Pinkarton, J. A U.— xiv. 15
Pinkerton, R., ue Pinkerton, J. ft R.
Pinku*, H.— United Stat**, 304
Pinnell, T. D.— xxvi. 260
Pinner, K. M.— Zollverein ^3), 179
Pinion net, A. L. — France, 1392
Pinto ft Co.— Portugal, 770-774. 777-
786
Pinto, F. X.— Portugal, 1280
Pinto, J. B.— Portugal, 471, 472
Pinto Pervi ft Co.— ii. 131
Pinto e Sonsa.— Portugal, 1021
Pihtui, H.jun.— Ziillvereiu(l), 135
Piwr, T. F — XX. 41
Pipor, T. ft W.— I. 130A
PilHsr, W.— f«* Piper, T. ft W.
Piques.— France, 1393
Piquet, Brothers. — Switzerland, 273
Pire-et>Violetto Cbarbounages. — Bel-
gium, 31
Pirenne ft Duesberg. — Belgium, 199
Pirun, T.— Belgium, 200
Pir*«on, J.— Uititad Stale*, 00
Piatur, G. ft W.— Zollverein (I), 481
Pitaiiiier.— Ru**ia, 307
Pitard, see Dmand, Boncourt, ft Pitard
Pitet, len.- France, 939
Pithoulis, N. — Greece, 52
Pitmun, I.— xvu. 197
Pitman, J.— XX. 187
Pitoux, v.— France, 960
Pitt, see Stothert, Rayiiu, ftu.
Piuto, Ferreira, ft Son*. — Portugal,
279-293
Pivcr, A.— France, 1678
Pitsala, F. A.— X. 162
V\ttw, W.— v. 359
Place, O. G.— XXX. (Fine Art Court),
267
Plocentia, Royal Ordnance. — Spain,
265
Plagniol.— France, 1679
Plaideau, J. P.— Belgium, 71
Plambeck, C. F. H.— Hamburgh, 69
Plant, see Pope ft Plant
Plant, F.— X. 215
Plasse.— France, 1394
Piatt.— XXIV. 17; see also Hibbert,
Piatt, ft Son*
Platsmun, Conrad. — Liilwck, I
Ployne, C, see Playne, P. P. ft C.
Ployne, P. P. ft C— xii. & xv. 211
PlotschI, A.— AuMtria, 433
Plenty, E., see Plenty, J. & K.
Plenty. .1. & E.— vi. 53; viii. 137;
IX. 272
Plenty ft Pellew— vm. 136; ix. 272
Plessner, S.— Z.illverein (1), 179
Plettinck, Madame. — Belgium, 340 •
Plichun, see Bnrth, Moxsing, &c.
Plichon, v.— France, (184
PlirasoU, S.— VI. 631 ; xxii. 185
Plissarf, see Lemaire-Descamps, &c.
Plomdeur, N.— Belgium, 146
Ploroley, F.— in. 64
Plomley, W.— XXII. 17
Plan, Brothers.— Fraiioe, 1393
Pluucquet, H -Zollverein (4), 107
Plowman, J.— XVII. 121
Plows, W.— xxvii. 34. 30
Plu«oker, M.— Zollverein (1), 568
Plueis, •*• Mueller, Pluese, ft Co.
PlUmacber, W.-Zullv«r«in (1), 618
Plumb, see Oetimann, ftc,
Plummer, H. L.— x. 716
Plummer, R.— vi. 74 ; xiv. 78
PInvs, J. F.— Belgium, 491
Pociion, see Cliailloux, I'cpage, &e.
Podgrr, are Kiild ft Podger
Po<lsossotr, P. A 8oiis.— Russia, 229
Poehle.— Zollverein (1), 191
Poelman, J. — France, Otil
Poget — France, 1677
Polile, see Huelmier ft Pohle
Poidebard, N.— Tuscany, 39
Puitfer, F. — Austria, 464
PuilUrt ft Carpentier.— France, 686
Poilleu, Briitheib. -France, 962
Poilly, De, ft l.'o.- Franc*, 1396
Piiiiisignon. — Fran ', 1307
Point ft Son.- Belgium, 474
Pointed Screw, Puleni, Co.— xxii. 649
Poirier, L. — France, 963
Poirier, P.— France, 1398
Poisat, Uncle, ft Co.— France, 1399
Poiteviti ft Sun. — France, 085
Pokomy, J. A.-Zollverehi (1), 79
Polak, Mile. F.— ItelKium, 2U8
Poland, Imperial Mining Work* in. —
Russia, 15. 155. 288
Poland, Son, ft Meredith.— xvi. 302
Pulhemus, see Fox & Pulliemus \
Puliakoff ft Zamiatin— Russia, 203 >
Pulito, the Canonico.— Malta, 13. 34
Polkinghorne, W.— I. 460
Pollak, J. J. & Sons.— Austria, 322
Pollak, A. M — Austria, 47
Pullard, see Sales, Pollard, ft Co.
Pollard, T. M.— British Guiana, 1 ft 2
Pollett, T.— XVI. 210
Polli, F.— Tuscany, 85
Pollock, J.— XVI. 279
Poison, see Brown ft Poison
Polt, A.— Austria, 650
Polycarp(^ A.— Portugal, 632, 633
Pnmare, Queen.— Society Islands, 1-4
Pommerueil Societi Anonyme des Haut*
Foumeaux de. — Belgium, 6
Pummier, P.— France, 1400
Pond, M. ft Co.— United Slates, 414.
434
Ponder, W. R.— IX. 146
Ponseele, E.— Belgium, 495
Punson. — France, 14U3
Poiisonby, T.— xxvi. 199
Ponf, see Annecy & Pont. _
Pont de Loup, Compagnie de* Char-
bonnages, de. — Belgium, 28
Pontifex, G. — British Guiana, 102b
Pontifex ft Wood.— ii. 1 ; vi. 602
Punting, T. C— II. 26 .
Ponton, G.— IX. 104
Pook, S. M.— United Slates, 446
Pool, C. see Pool, J. ft C.
Pool, J. ft C— XIV. 46
Poole, J. jun. — VIII. 77
Poole ft Macgillivray.— XXVI. 204
Poole, Sarah R.— in. 146
Pooley, H. V. 784.
Pooley, S. J.— Unilerl States, 225
Poore,J. B.— XX. 169
Poortman & Visser.- Netherlands, 2
Po|)e, C, see Poiie, T. ft C.
Pope, J.— United State*, 32
Pope, Mrs, — Jersey & Guernsey, 43,.
Pope ft Plant.— XX. 6
WHOSE NAMES APPEAR IN THE CATALOGUE.
clxxi
Pop« tt Soil.— V. 40; XXII. 243
Pupa, T & O).— VI. 148
Pi>l», W.— xxn. 5()6( XXIX. 7
Po|j«liifUucarr«.— Franca, 1404
Popiiioff, 8o|)hia.~KuMia, 310
Piipoir, A.— KiiMiit, 144
Pu|)oflr, T. it Suiif.— RuttU, 174
Pupptr, Urolliert.— Auttri*. 232
Puppleton, R.— XII. & xv. 244
Poraaiione Cuttun Mill and Dyting
R(tabli)hmeiit.— Auttria, 173
Forqutt, Faiiwioli, da.— ix. 202
Porttlli, A.— Malta, 33
Purtar, te* font, Portar, tt Co.;
M'Farlaiia & Portar
Portar, J.— Naw Braiiawiek, 27
Portar, T.— xx. 30
Portar, W.— xxix. 144
PorUr, W, H.— xxvii. 66
Porthaim, A. P. & Sun.— Auitrio, 626
Purtilla.— Spain, 291, 204.
Porlicliett.— Auatria, 337
Portugal, tha King of.— Portugal, 1337
Portugal Naval Araanol. — Portugal,
122S-1227
Portugal Royal Marina Anenal, 582.
11260
Portugal Royal Military Ananal. —
Portugal, 63.)
Portugal Koyal Tobacco and Snuff
Company. — Portugal,
Porialiui, see Uijrer & Poraaliu*
Porielt & Hur|ieratb. — Zollvarain (I),
317
Posialt, A.— Auitria, SSSa
Poualt, A. jun.— Austria, 223
Pott, J. D.— Zollverain (I), 615
Poat & Soni.— Zollverein (I), 616
Poat & Wendt.— Natharlaudf, 95
Potier, W.— V. 6.39
Potmoger, H.— Danmark 24
Potonia. — France, 064
Potonie, L.— Franca, 1401
Pottar, A. — xxvii. 119
Potter, C. H. & E.— xxvi. 74
Potter & Co.— I. 87
Potter, E. gee Potter, C. H. & B.
Potter, E. & Co.— xvin. 30
Potter, H.— X. 538 •
Pottar, L.— IX. 40
Potter, T.— Page 852
Pottje, J.— Auitria, 14U
Potton, Rambaut & Co.— France, 1402
Potta, !>.- xxviu. 104
Potti, J.— V. 102
Potti, T. H.— vui. 207
PotU, W.— XXII. 323
PotU, W. W.— XXV. 49
Poulat, A. — France, 965
Poulet, J. F.— France, 1680
Poullot.— France, 966
Poulton, C— X. !/52
Pound, M.— II. 108
Pourcber, see CuMon, &o.
Poure, see Blaniy, Pourt, & Co.
Pouaonuff. — Ruaiia, 59
PouHielgue-Rusand. — France, 1409
Pouyat, J. — France, 687
Pouyer. — France, 967
Powell, «ee alio Sandy & Powell
Powell, E. J.— V. 2
Powell, F.— I. 197
Powell, J.— xxn. 372 ; xxx. (Fine Art
Court), 148
Powell, R.— vin. 210
Powell, S.— XII. & XV. 8; XX. 26
Powell & Son.— vni. 249
Powell & Sons.— xxrv. 31 : 62
Powell, T.— I. 293
Powell, W.— xxn. 95.
Powell, W. J.-i. 2. 202
Power it Weightman,— United Slalaa,
Powen, Hiram.— United Stataa^ 922;
(Mala Avenue, Rait), 948
Pradiar, J.— Franca, 1406, 1407
Pradine & Co.— Franca. 1408
Proaticb, M.— Zoll. (2), 51
Pmtoriua, L.— Zollverain (I), 893
Prague Ulovera' Aawic.— Auitria, 336
Prale It Bollheimer.— Hamburgh, 108
Prat, A., St F. Agard— France, 1682
Prati, F.— Spain, 48
Pratt & Co.— United Slater 567
Pratt, F. & R. & Co.- xxv. 32
Pratt, H.— VII. 119; xxvi. 403
Pratt, J.— X. 635
Pratt, Major. — vii. 16
Pratt, R. ue Pratt F. & R. & Co.
Pratt, 8.— XXVI. 196
Pratt, W. A. &Co.— Unite<ISUtaa,264
Pratt, Z.— United Slatea, 102
Prax & Lanibin. — France, 688
Preiniler, T. F. V.— Franca, 1400
Preira, J. S.— Portugal. 713,714
Preii, A.— Auatria, 117
Preiiwerck, D. & Co.— Switierland, 152
Preiiwarok, Lui. — Switierland, 152
Preiller, M.— Auitria, 498
Prelat.— France, 1681
Preller, C. A.— iv. 91
Prendergait, J. — Canada, 12ft
Prentiel, J. C— ZoUverein (I), 129
Preibourge, P. — France, 680
Preicutt, tee Hotchkiii & Preicott
Preicott, S. H.— Canada, 87
Preihel, F.— Auatria, 48
Preiipricb, Emit, & Son. — ZoUverein
(3;, 135
Preitoii, F. — VI. ft
Preiton, R.— xxix. 145
Pretot, L. H. E.— France, 1410
Pretyman, gee Bartrum & Pretyman
Prever, J. J. — Sardinia, 20
Prevoit, gee Jeaiiti, &c.
Prevoit, M.— XVI. 250
Price.— xxu. 533
Price St Harvey. — xx. 9
Price, D. ; tea Price, T. P. & D.
Price, J.— I. 184 j xxiv. 43 ; xxvi. 312
Price, T. P. & D.— Weaterii end, South
encloaure (outaide), 49
Price, v.— xxn. 397
Price, W.— XX. 68
Price's Patent Candle Co.— iv. 83
Prideaux, Miii.— xxix. 303
Prideauz, T. S.— xxn. 239
Pridie, tee Hoadley & Pridie
Priem, Emily.— ZoUverein (3), 67
Prime & Son.— xxn. 342
Prin, SCO Caillo, jun. & Prin
Prin, sen. — France, 1411
Prince, Abelmde. — x. 522
Prince, Culliion, St Co.— South Africa,
34
Pring, Dr. J. H.— xxx. (Fine Art
Court), 256
Priua, C. C— Netherlanda, 12
Prinx, L. & J. B.— BulKium, 382
Prior, Rev. H. E.— xix. 373
Pritchard, A.— x. 248
Prochaika, W.— Auitria, 244a
Proctor, tee Winkworth & Proctor.
Pmenca, T. T.— Portugal, 371. 462
Proelia & Sons.- ZoUverein (3), 54
Profumo, J. — Sardinia, 14
Prokhoroff, Brotheri.— Russia, 340
Proksch, A. — Aiutria, 129
Prosier & Hadley. — vi. 456
Prosier, T.— U>iited States, 594, 595
Protas«>ff, A.— Ruiaia, 334
Prouls, J.— Canaila, 7
Proutut, Mutrot tt Tbumarel.— France,
969
Prouty tt Maara.— United State*, 413
Provincial Agricultural Association. —
Canada, 33. 3ft
Prudent, L— France, 1413
Piuisia, KinK of.- ZoUverein (1), 270.
285 (Main Avenue, East)
Piuasiau Royal Iron Foundry. — Zoll*
verein M), 271 (Main Avanue, Eaa)
Prussian Ruyal Porcelain Manufactory.
— Zollverkin (I), 213
Prussian Royal bait Works.— Zullrt-
raln (I), 445
Puchvr, J.— Austria, 740
Puokbrid|{e, F. L.— x. 609
Puckering tt Houlvata.— v, 826
Puckay, J.— i. 446
Puckritige, F.— iv. 108
I'uescheT, aeaThiame-Widmarkter, &o,
Puii; W.— Zullvereio (I), 775
Pug^aard, H. tt Co.- Deumaik, 1
Pugh, D.— India, xxvi.
Pugb, E.— viii. 3.)3
Pugh, J. W.— xn. tt XV. 306 ; xin. 2
Pugin, A. W.— XIX. 246 ; xxn. 700 j
XXVI. 186a. 529 (North Transept)
Puissant, F. — Belgium, 356
Puiade, J.— France, 1413
Pujali, F.— Spain, 197
Pulham, J.— XXVII. 108. ; xxx. (Fine
Alt Court), 216
Pulis, O.— Malta, 4
Pullan, Matilda.— XIX. 12
Pullan, R. P.— xxx. (Fine Art Court).
265
Pullar St Sons.— XI. 4
Pullieii, tie Harding, Pullein, Ste.
Pullen, R.— xxx. (Fine Art Court), 84
Pulling, J.— XIII. 53
Pullman, J., tee Pullman, R. W. & J.
Pullman, R. W. & J.— XVI. 285
Pulnmn, G. P. R.— XXIX. 163
Pulsifer, J. S.— United States, 261
Pulvermacher, T. L.— x. 437
Pupiiinat, F. H.— Switzerland, 100
Purcell, Frances. — xix. 88
Purchas, Rev. A. — New Zealand, 23
Purdie, tee Lithgow & Purdia
Punluu, T.— XXIX. 39
Purdy, C. W,— Page 852
Purdy St Fendt.— X. 537 '
Purger, J. B. — Austria, 655
Purkiis & Son.— XXVI. 315
Purser, J. — viii. 28
Puney, W. H.— iv. 4 ; xxix. 67
Purvis, J.— X. 325
Pustan, W. & Co.— China
Putnam, G. P.— United States, 122
Putron, J, Oe. — Britiih Guiana, 15-
15b. 29a
Puttinati, A. — Austria, 721
Puxley, W. -XXVI. 39
Puzin. — France, 1414
Pym,J.— V. 160; viii. 321
Pymore Company. — xiv. 73
Pyn & Van Pt-lt.— Belgium, 210
Pyne,J. B.— xxvi. 121
Pynson.- xxx. (Fine Art Court), 244
Pyike & Suns.— XXII. 465
QuEEK, Her Majbitv The. — Pages
111, 112.847
Quan & Soni.— V. 940
Quanoniie, C. & J. — Belgium, 431
Quoit, F.— ZoUverein (3), 162
Quait, J.— Austria, 627
einii
INDBX OF IXniBITORB AND OTHERS
Qutbte CommiMliiiMri.— CMKida, 339
WuMii'tOrphaii SohiMlf . — Vwi Oitmtii'i
LmkI. I3t>-Utl
Querei, O.— Tiueaiiv. 21
Qiiwtt, A. ft Co.— rrane*, 1415
Quid!, MmUiii* Dt.— Dalgium, 64
QuiffUr, M.-CmwiU, 20
QulllikmftCrMr.— I. lAI
QiiMiiborough Cunpcr Worki (hU ot
8li«iip«y).— II. 40
SutiinwMti.— Frwio*, 1683
utrini, O.— Aualria, H4
guin, J— XXIX. ao
Quine«]r, H.— VII. 146
Qiiiiin.— Vmi Uitmciri LmiiI, 04, 95
Quitiow, HchlMiiigtr, MidCu.— xii. ft
XV. 178
RMb,n. A. n.— Zollvwin (J), 18
lUlMiieck, L.— Ruuio, 1 7:iA
RabourUiii. — France, 1416
Rabuvitch.— RiiHia, 360
Race, R.— tx. 44
Raohat, C— Zullvntin (I), 452
RadoliAf, A.— Vl. 3iH
Radtmaoiier, C— Auilria, 609
Radfocd, J.— X. 119
Radciiter Community. — Aiiitria, 400
Raduluviii, Hrothera.— Amtria, 74
Ra«, fM Cowi* ft Rae ; HaldaiM ft Raa
Ra«dt, J. O. da.~U«lgium, 418
Raempler, J. L. — ZulTvaraiii (I), 749
RaffiMllc, Moiili.— Aiulria, 746
RalTeUiwrger, F.— Auatria, 369
Raffiii, ue Tliev<!iMt, RatRn, fto.
Ragaii, W.— United 8lat4^, 193. 990
Ragner, A. ft O.— New South Wal«s
Ragniiii, E.— TuKaiiy, 86
Ragot, J. F.— France, 971
Ragot-Mayeni. France, 972
Raguenet, R.— France, 1417
Rahn, C— Canada, 19a
Raichlen, L.— Switierland, 178
Raiueri, BiKia, Count. — Rome, 26
Rainey, Knox, ftCo.— xii. ft xv. 198
Raini, T.— xvir. 162
RaliMiti.— Zollverein (1), 788
Raliviky, Madame.— KuMia, 1^93
Ralli, L.— Greece, 50
Rallingt, Mrt. W.— United Statei, 398
Ralph, F. W.— xvii. 142
Raliton, W.— IX. 2.>4
Rambaut, f«« Potton, Rambaut, & Co.
Rambie, «<e Cabanet ft Rambie
Rambouillet, National Sheepfold of. —
France, 1080
Rame, B.— France, 1418
Rameder, J.— Austria, 300
Ramoa— Portugal, 954 "'
Rampendahl, H. F.— Hamburgh, 98
RampendabI, H. F. C. — Hamburgh,
60.70
Ramiay, R.— xvii. 187
Rnmiay, G. H. — Western end, North
enclofure (Outiide), 70 ; i. 44. 269 ;
xxvii. 90. 110
Raniuy & M'Arthur.— Canada, 1 17.
Ramiay & Smart. — xiv. 89
Ramiboitom, K. — xvi. 127
Ilamtden, <ee Thornton, Firth, &c.
Ramsey, C. ft Co.— xviii. 3a
Ramsey, J. — xxvni. 12
Ramsey, W. — xvi. 74
Ramus, J. M. — France, 1419
Ramui, A. — XXVI. I9'i
Ran, see Felter ft Ran
Ranaldi, K.— Rome, '29
Rand ft Sons.— xii. ft xv. 173
Randall & Dix.— xvi. 284
Randall, J.-i. 279
HitniUll ft Snunden.— VI. 324) IX. 136
Raiidell, Miss. — Jersey ft Guernsey, 46
Raiidoiug, J.— franoe, V73
Haiidolph. Wilhelmlna.— XXIX. 06
Randuii, L.— France, lil84
Rangel, A. P.~Purtugal, 1120
Rankin, Kmily, ft Kllen Lear.— xxtx.
302
Rankin, R. ft J.-vi. 460
Rankine, A.— viii. 391
Ranniger ft. Sons.- Zollverein (I), 741
Ransom ft Parsons.- xxvil. 97
Hansom, R.— x. 984
Hans4)mes ft May.— v. 30; 640) vi.
146; IX. 124.
Ranuiii, Count Angalc— Rome, 8
Rao Scindiah, Malia Rajali.— India,
XV. XVI.
Raphi-Nuba-Ogli.— Russia, 399
Rapmann, see Falisee ft Haproann
Uapp, C. F.— France, 974
Rapji, M.— Austria, 947
RapiMrd and Co.— ZolWerain (1), 916
Rappard ftGusemann. — Zollv. (I), 917
Rasclile ft Co.— Switterlaiid, 168
Hasse, A. de.— Belgium, .13
Hastouin, V.— France, 1421. 1727
Raswag, A. ft Son.— France, 1688
Ratclifl', Airs.- XI. 34
Ratliir, J.&C— XIII. 73
Halsliinsky. — Russia, 49
Ratteray ft Thom|ison.— xxix. 206
Hattlch, J. B.— Austria, 29
Kattanholer, J. F.— Austria, 167
Raliersdorfer, H. — Austria, 977
Rau ft Co.— Zollverein (4), 72
Rau, J.— Zollrerain (2), 13
Rauch, liroihers. — Zollverein (4), 44
Ranch, Profrssor.— Page R93
Raucher, L. jun. — France. 1422
Rausoher's Co. Ironworks. — Austria,
403
Rausi ft Colomb, — Switierland, 14
Raub, J.— Austria, 369
Ravenhill, see Howard ft Ravenhill;
Miller, Ravenhill, ft Co.
Ravugli, P.— Tuscany, 48
Ravitch, tee Hirshmunn, Hershendorff,
&c.
Rawlings, tee Lamliert ft Rawlingt
Kawlings, J.— xxiii. 54
Rawlings, J. B.— xx. 188
Raworth ft Co.— xi. 30
Raworth, B. P.— v. 913
Rawson, C. — China
Rawson, Mrs. — China
Rawson, T. S.— China
Rayko, N.— Russia, 140
Raymond & Schuyler. — United States,
128
Raynbird, H.— ill. 74
Raynbird, R.— in. 73
Rayner, A. & G.— New South Wales, 22
Rayner, Mrs.— xxx. (Fine Art Court),
47
Raynes, Lupton, & Co. — Western end.
South enclosure (Outside), 29; l. 197a
Rayiio, «ee Stothert, Hayno, &c.
Raysdale W. — Western end. South en-
closure (Outiide), 4
Rasumovsky ft Keitscb. — Austria, 68a
Hea,E.— IV. 116
Read.— IX. 42
Read, C. A.— United States, 212
Read ft Uumplireys.— xix. 279
Read, J. — Madeira.
Read, J. B.— xvi. 47
Read, R.— ix. 80
Read, S. K.— v. 90
Read, W.-xxvit. 32
Reatle, A. — Barba«locs, I
Reads, Rev. J. B.-ii. 3a; (Main Ave-
nue, Wset), X. 294a
Reader, J. 8.— Mauritius, 7
Readlinuse. Charlotte.— X. 077
Readwin, T. A.-l. 496
Real!, G. (late Antonio Reall).— Aus-
tria, 61. 101
Rrallicr, Mils.— Belgium, 309
Rebert, C— France, U79
Rebow, J. O.— IV. 84
Hebracli, J. J.— Zollverein, ii. 62
Rebruir.— RuMia, 143
Hebruir, A.— Russia, 130
Rechsteiner, J. B.- Zollverein (.1), 28
Reckitt ft Sun.— III. 129
Reckless ft Hickling.— xix. 32
Recy, C. M. H.— France, 1423
Redelix, C. H.— France, 076
Radelix, H.— France, 1424
Redrern,G.— xxvii. 78
Rwlgate, see Cunmieford ft Re<lgat«
Radgale, J.— xxii. 410
Redgrave, J.— xx. K14
Redhead, T.— Canada, 120
Redier, A.— France, 142'
Redman, J. H.— vii. 12
Redmayne ft Co.— XIII. 1a
Redmond, A. F.— v. 66; vi. 128
Redpath, see Urown ft Uetlpulh
Redruth Local Committee.— I. 443,444
Reed.— XVI. 101
Reed, Chadwick, ft Dexter.- United
States, 400
Reed, J.— VIII. 94 \
Reed, J. H.— V. 91 '
Reed, J. ft Sun.— Uniteil States, 484
Reed,J.W.— xxix. 211
Reed ft Meakins.— Canada, 75, 119a
Reed ft Pardon.— XVII. 184
Reed, T. S.— vi. 69
Reekes, J.— xxii. 400
Reekes, T.— viii. 6
Rees.— I. 429; xviii. 85; Van Die-
men's Land, 314
Rees, Mary — xviii. 85
Rees, R.— I. 227
Reesitig, H. B. — Hamburgh, 3
Reeve, J.— New Zealand, 12
Reeves. — Van Diemen's Land.— 3'22,
323. 315; see also, Goudhale ft Reeves
Reeves, (ireaves, ft Co.— viii. 244
Reeves J.— Cliina ; see also Rveves, T.
R. &J.
Reeves, J. G. — Van Diemen's Land, 1 1
Reeves, J. R. — Cliina
Reeves & Sons.— i. 66 ; xxx. (Fine
Art Court), 7
Reeves, T. R. ft J.— ix. 108
Reffaelli, P. ft Son.— Tuscany, 69
Regan. — Van Diemen's Land, 184
Regard, Brothers. — France, 1426 '
Regeer, H. J.— Netherlands, 1 12 ""
Regnier, Mr. — Belgium, 374
Regny, L. ft Co.— France, 1427
Regout, P.— Netherlands, 99
Rehbacli, J. J.— Zollverein (2), 62
Rebm, F. P.— Zollverein (4), 94
Reichel, Brothers.— Zollverein (1), 442
Reichel, C. P.— Zollverein (3), 140
Reichel, J. — Austria, 490
Reichenliach, C— Zollverein (2), 102
Reichert, P.— Austrio, 268
Reichhuld, O.— Zollverein (4), 39
Keichmann, A. — France. 1429
Reid, Capt.— VIII. 350
Reid, J.— VIII. 94a; xxii. 943
Reid, R.— X. 583
Reid ft Son.— XII. ft xv. 481
WHOSE NAMES APPEAR IN TOE CATALOGUE.
clxxill
xter.— United
Haiti toM.— XXIII, 3
Rtiii, V> .—X. 4J7 ( XX. 23
Rtiilcr, M« L«>coq Ac lUiilvr
Rtiiloii, K.- Fraiicf, 1430
HtilTfrt, T. C.-Zullmtin (I), S86
Railly, K. M.- viii. 337
HeiiMiiu, L.— Zollvtniii (I), HO
Rain, C.-x. 6ii'J
Raiiiiil, J. -Aiiitris, 40.1
Raiiwckti & 0>.-^oMvcrain (I), 404
Rtiiiclic, C— Z(illv«r«iii (I), 0U4
Heinliartl, m« L>o«rr & Reiiilwrd
ReinlwnJ, J. M,— Zullvtniii (A), 54
Rtinliudt, O.— Caiiad*, 10. 330
Rtinhold, W.— Auitriii, 313
Reiiilich, f«« Wil*cli«ll tt Hainiicli
Uainiieli, J.— AiiilriH, IU3
Reinoao, M. — Spam, 311
Rainioli, A.— Zullvaraln (2), 03
Rainihafaii, G.— Zullvaraiii (1), 622
Rail, a. tt Co.— Zullvaraiii (U), 40
Kait, J.J. doa— Portugal, II'J7
Haiti, Riada, & Cu.— Soutti Aflrica.—
IX. 31
Ralf,8.-i. 70
Raligio«w Tract Sooiaty.— XVII. 151
Itamaola, J. tc Parard & Sou. — Dvlgium,
371
Ramort, P.— Uiiitad .Statai, 'iH
Hamiiiirton, Anna. — vii, 17); xxii.
308
Remliiifton, O. W. & J.— vii. 70.
Remiiigioii, J. ««a Ramiiigtoii, Q, W,
&J.
Rammia, Miiaat.— xxix. 167
Ramnaiit, Edmoiidn, & Remnant. —
XVII. 6
Ramoiid, N.— Fraiica, 977
Ramiburgh, J.— United Stotai, 317
Raiiard.— France, 978
Rauard, L. — France, 1431
Reiiard & Sun.— France, 979
Renault, f«a Cuutiirier & Kanault
Hvnczjinikl, Cunt. O. A.— vii. 27 ; x.
661
Reiidall & Cuoinbi.— xiv. 73
Hendall, J.— ix. 36 ; xxviii. 144
Repel, A, — Auitria, 378
Reiigoi, see Sarii & Rengoa
Renkin, ten. — Belgium, 503
Renkin, Brntlieri. — Belgium, 141
Reiiner, S. B. jiin.— Zollvetein (I), 69
Rennie, O.— v. 63 i vii. 98
Rennie, O. B. juii.— vii. 98
Rennie,Sir J.— v. 62
Penny, Sunt, & Co.— xiv. 81
Renodler & Son.— France, 982
Renoiiard, Julea, & Cu. — France, 332
Renwick, T. & A.— xii. & xv. 233
Refieyre, S. — France, 983
Repingon, iee Vieyrea & Repingon
Repi^uet & Silvent.— France, 1432
Requillart, Rouiiel, & Chocqueel. —
France, 1433
Reraegiieire, C. — Switzerland, 179
Resil, J. — Auatria, 648
Reul, M.— Aualria, 519
Re8tell,«e« Clark, R. & Restell
Reatell, H.— ix. 208 ; XXIII. 63
Rettie, H.— vii. 150
Rettie & Soni.— xxii. 449 ; xxiii. 24
Rettig, C. A.— Sweden & Norway, 2
Retor, F.— Switzerland, 101
Reuloa, A. J.— France, 1434
Reus, tlie Board of Trade ot'.— Spain, 109
Reusen, P. T.— Belgium, 100
Reuis, Brothers.— Zollverein (4), 99
Reuter, S.— Austria, 206
Reuter, W.— Zollverein (6), 40
Reverchon, H. — Algeria, 44
Havillipn.— Russia, 301
llavis, T.-IX. i\A
lienar, C— Zullvarein (4), 25
Raxar, r.-Zullverain (4), 62
Ray, Brulhars. —Sardinia, 35
Ray &C<i.-Si*iii, 307
Hay, O. K.— Ilaniiiurgli, 30
Haydor, Urulliara, tt Culin.— Fraiiea,
084
Raymond, inn.— 8witk..rland, 170
Rayiiiar, Ctiusins. — Franca, 363. 1435
Haynuld, A, tt H. — Hamburgli, 0
Reynold, G. u* Reynold, A. It G.
Reyiiulds.— XXX. i Fine Art Court) 237 ;
aaa alao lliirst It Reynulds j Learned
It Reynolds ; Lung & Keynolda
Reynolds, J.— xxu. 37. 315 { xxvi.
363
Reynolds, R. J.— United Slatea, 61
Ktiynolds Ic Son.— xvili. 63
Reynulds, W.— xii. It xv. 360
H.F.— viii. 136
Rlieam, K.— xvi. lo
Rliiiid, W. «.— viii. 390
Hliudius, »t» Biscliop It Rodiua
Rhone, K.— v. 07
Rlhy, P.— France, 985
Rice, W. H.— Canada, ISOi
Richard, $t« Millar & Richard
Richaril, L.— Zullvarain (I), 343
Rieharda, Alfred.- 1. 441a
Richards, B. W.— United States, 367
Richards, N.— x. 188
Richards, R.— xxix. 118
Richards, T.—v. 188
Hichards, Westley, & Son.— vill. 340
Richardson. — see alsoCliilson, Richard-
sun, & Cu, ; Kay, Richardson, &e.
Richardson, Rrolhers. — ill. 63
Ricliardsnn, Hruthers, It Co. — II. 19 ;
Van Dirmpti's Land
Richardsun, C. J.— xxvi. 307
Richurdson Ac Cu. — xiv. 33
Richardson, K.— xxx. (Fine Ait Court),
133
Richardson, H. T.— vill. 46.
Richardson, J. & T. & Cu.— xiv. 31
Richardson, R. — v. 651 ; vill. 386 ;
XXII. 36
Richardson It Sons, — ill, 60
Richardson, Sons, It Owden. — xiv. 7
Richardson, T., Me Richardson, J. &T.
& Co.
Richardson, T. W.— x. 364
Richardson, W. H. B. It J.— xxiv. 14
Richer, A. — Canada, 66
Richer, F.— France, .354
Rirliez, Madame. — France, 1436
Richmond & Chandler. — ix. 137
Richmond, J,- -v. 776
Richmond Lunatic Asylum. — xix. 349
Richoux, see Besnard, Richoux, &:c.
Richt, 6.— Zollverein (\), 239
Richter, see Cliapus & llichter
Richter, A. — Austria, 44a
Richter & Co.— Austria, 67
Richter, F.—Austria, 176
Richter, H. L,— Zollverein (3), 104
Richter, J. M. S.— Hamburgh, 60
Richter, Linder. — Switzerland, 162
Kickards, C— viii. 342
Rickhorn, C. H.— Zollverein (3), U
Rickets, C— XXII. 433
Rickmon, W. C— ix. 278; x. 681;
XVII. 194
Ricroch, C. & Co.— France, 986
Riddell,SirJ. M. Bart. -i. 56
Hidden, T.— vii. 6
Riddett, G.- xxvi. 49
Riddiford, Jane.— xxix. 65
Riddle, K.-Unlled BUtas, 406
Riddle, T.— XXVI. 14
Riddle, W.-xxii. 637
Rider.— XVII. 21
Rider, R.— Uiiitad Slataa, Oil
Ridge, U.-XXVI. 8
Ridgway, A. F. -British Guiara, 100.
101. 163. 164a
Ridgway It Co.— xxil. 302
Ridgway, J. It Co.— xxv. 5
Ridgway, W.— xxv. 6a
Ridrer,F.— Auatria, 110
Ridley & Kdser.— XXII. 631
Hidley,J.— XVI. 204| xx. 166
RidulH, Marquis C— Tuscany, 30
RidolH, Proleasor M.— Tutcany, 26
Hieda, see Riela, Rieda, k Co.
RIedl, Von.— Austria, 13 1
Riedra,J. P., Widow.— Austria, 153
Riedler, J.— Austria, 560
Riedlar, L.— Austria, 661
Riefler, C.~Zollv«rein (2), 34
H'rgo da la Branchardiere, Elanora. —
XIX. 17
Hie|ie, K.— Zollverein (I), 447
Rier.— Kuaaia, 138
Hies, B.— British Guiana, 137
Hiaai-Htailburg, Baron W, F. von.—
Austria, 126
Riess, F. H.— Zollverein (1), 90
Rieas, M.— France, 366
Riet, Pierre Jean Von.- Belgium, 103
Rieler, T, J. It Cu. — Switzerland,
132
Rietry It Son.— France, 3^0
Rietsch, F. G.— Austria, 638
Hi'ta. :iel.— Zullverein (J), 33
Riatschel, Kritst.— Zollverein (3), 186
Kieussec, N.— France, 1685
Rifler, W.— Hamburgh, 43
Riga, ite Friry & Itigii
Higuult,— France, Iti86
Rigby, K, R.— xxviii, 68
Rigby J,, see Rigby, W. It J.
Higby & Lee— V. 917
Rigby, P.— XXII. 411
Rigby, W. It J.— VIII, 236
Rigg, see Beniioch, Tweiityman, Ice.
Rigge & Cc— VI. 63
Rigmaiden, Lieut. J. — viii. 291
Rigiion, F, It Co,— Sardinia, 30
Rigo & Xroatachmar. — Auitria, 395
Rikli, A, F,— Switzerland, 13J
Riley, E.— ii. 123; see also Carr, J, &
Riley
Rimanii, E.— Zullrerein (I) 10
Rimaiin It Giesler.— Zullverein (I) 124
Rimediotti, Signora A. — Tuscany, 44
Rimmel, E. — xxix. 3
Rimogne Slate VVorki Company.—
France, 378. 694
Riiialdi, R, — Main Avenue, East,
Rome, 29
Ring, J. — Austria, 468
Riugclhann. — Zollverein (1) 253
Ringeridga Nickel Works (Norway), —
I, 476
Ringgold, C— United States, 698
Riiigham, H.— xxvi. 42 ; xxx. (Fine
Art Court), 88
Ringuet-Leprince. — France, 1437
Rio Tinto Mines (Seville), Director of.
—Spain, 8
Rio Vizello Co.— Portugal, 721-724
Ripa, L. D. l)ella.— Tuscany, 38
Ripalda, Count. — Spain, 163
Ripley, P. W.— China
Ripley & Son.— XII. & XV, 148
Rippingham, W. — x. ^04
Rippiiigille, E.— viii. 268
clxxiv
INDEX OP EXHIBITORS AND OTHERS
H
Riiiioii, J— XIX. 27A
Riiler & Sun.— France, 1438
RiM, J.— AiMtria, 316
Riiter, Brothen, tet Greater & Riiter
Riatori, M.— Tuscany, 4iA
Ritchie, A. H.— i. 132
■Ritchie, J.— xxix. ^39 ; xxx. (Fine
Art Court), 193; xxx. (Sculpture
Court), '29 i see alio Ritchie, W.
&J.
Ritchie & M'Call.— ill. 15.
Ritchie, P.— xx. 145
Ritchie W. & J.— ix. 224
Ritter, N.— Au.tria, 696
Ritter, W.— Htmburgh, 43
Rilterhandt, L. A.— x. 730
RiUel, Willow.— Zollverein (I), 639
Riva& Maflei.— Tuicaiiy, 63
Rivart& Andrieux. — France, 1439
Rivaud, G.— France, 9S7
Rivett & Soni.— XXVI. 153
Riviere, R.— xvii. 89
Rix, tee Carter, Vavaseur, & Rix ;
Collin* & Rix
Rix, I.— X. 74
Rixon, see Hancock, Rixon, & Dunt
Hoake, J. W.— I. 60
Roat, W.— Van Diemen'i Land, 242
Kobant, L.— France, 988
Robarti, G.— xvi. 128
Robb, J.— Canada, 126
Robbini, see Chambers & Robbing
Robbin* & Lawrence. — United States,
3*^8
Robeck, C— Zollverein (4), 50
Robert, A.— xvi. 2-.J4 ; France, 357
Robert, A. & Co.— France, 1440. 1735
Robert & Co. — Austria, 53 ; see also
liuiason, K. Robert, & Co.
Robert, P. J. jun. — Belgium, 432
Roberf-Faure, C— France, 1442
Rubert-Guerin. — France, 1441
Robert-Mathieu.— France, 1443
Robert-Werly & Co.— France, 1444
Roberts, see Smyth & Roberts
Roberts, E. B.— xx. 77
Roberts, B. E.— vii. 127
RoberU & Beart.— xxvii. 22
Roberts, G.— XX. 40a.
RoberU, H.— xn. & XV. 171; xxvii.
141.
Roberts & Hall.— xxiii. 40
Roberts, J.— IX. 226
Roberts, J. E.— V, 5nO
Roberts, Mrs. — xix. 365
Roberts, R.— x. 130 ; xil. & xv. 4C0
Hol)ert«,T.— XVIII. 81
Roberts, W. & Co.— xii. fc xv. 480
Roberts, W. H.— ill. 10
Robertson, Carr, & Steel.— xxii. 802
Robertson & Co.— xxx. (Fine Art
Court), 6
Robertson, G.— ix. 26
Robertson, H.— IV. 51 ; xxil. 565
Robertson, J.— vui. 18; New Zealand, 4
Robertoon, J. & J.— xii. & xv. 301
Hober»80ii & Son.— xix. 62
Robertson, W.— ll. 81
Robertson, W. J.— ill. 161
Rol>ey, W.— XVI. 262
Robiclion,Br<>ther8,& Co.— France, 1445
Robin, L.— France, 1447
Robins, see Alsop, Robins, & Co. ; Ho-
bart & Robins
Robins, Asjxlin, & (^ox.— "^ejtern end,
Si)uth enclosure (Outside), 5 ; xxvil.
103
Robinson. — Van Diemen's L., 90 ; see
also Fisher & Robinson ; Fayrer & Ro-
binson Willi & Robinson
Robinson, A.— viii. 136. 214
Robiiisrn, C— xxvi. 263
Robinson, C. & Co.— United States, 429
Robinson & Co. — v. 950 ; xxviii. 43
Robinson, 1). — viii. 13G
Robinson, F. K. — xxx. (Fine Art Crt.),
120
Robinson, Isaac. — i. 483
Robinson, I. & R. & Co. — xni. 5
Robinson, J. — viii. lUO ; x. 582 ; xvi.
7 ; XX. U9a
Robinson, J. & Co.— iv. 72
Robinson, J. & T.— xiii. 6
Robinson, J. & W. & Co.— xin. 24
Robinson, Miss. — xix. 278
Robinson, P. — x. 37; United States, 265
Robinson, R. — vi. 54; x. 617 ; tee also
Robinson, 1. & R. & Co.
Robinson & Russell. — vi. 418; vilI.
127. 193
Robinson & Son. — ix. 139a
Robinson, T. — xii. & xv. 54; xiii.
77 ; see also Robinson, J. & T.
Robinson, W. — ix. 126; xxill. 96; see
also Robinson, J. & W. & Co.
Robinson, W. F. Lieut. — vill. 68a
Robinson, W. W.— viii. 136
Rohotham, S.— xvi. 199
Robson — ser Hoole, Robson, & Hoole
Robson, J. — VIII. 57
Robson & Jones (late), see Junes & Co.
Robson, Levy, & Franklin. — xxx. (Fine
Art Court), 112
Robson, T. J. F.- -x. 659
Robyns, P.— Belgium, 487
Robyt, L.— Belgium, 311
Rocca, J. — Sardinia, 32
Rocchetti, P.— Austria, 136
Rocchigiani, Antonio. — Rome, 22
Ruchats, C— Zullverein (I), 652
Ruche & Dime.— France, 990
Ruchead, J. T.— xxx. (Fine Art Crt.),
232
Rochefort, J.— Russia, 176. 191. 199.
208
Rocheleau, Helen. — Canada, 173
Rocher, M.— France, 991
Rochlits, B.— Hamburgh, 49
RochoU, T.— Zollverein (1), 4C7
Rock. — XXII. 655
Rock, Brothers, & Payne. — xvii. 108
Rock & Gowar.— v. 954
Ruck & Graner.— Zullverein (4), 98
Rock, J. jun.— I. 50 ; v. 95;! ; vii. 143
Rock, Mary — iv. 5
Rock Sr- Son.— V. 956
Rocke, W.— XXII. 256
Rockhausen, W.— Zullverein (3), 172
Ruckstruh, H. — Austria, 300
Uodd, T. H.— 1. 169
Roddis, T. R.— United States, 571
Rode, F. de.— Hamburgh, 16
Riidel & Son.— Fiance, 992
Kodenhurst, J., see Rodenhurst, W. & J.
Rodenhurst, W. & J.— ix. 61
Rodger, Lieut. W. — Western end, North
enclusure (Outside), 55 ; viii. 336
Ro<lgers, H. S.— United Slates, 4!J6
Uodgers & Sun. — xix. 280 ; see also
Human & Co.
Kodgeis & Sons.— XXII. 690. (Mair.
Avenue, Wi'st)
Rudier, P. — (Canada, 346
Rodrigues, J. F.— Portugal, 990. 1222a
Rodriguez, B.— Ujiited States, 485
Rodriguez, Palvncia, M. — Spain, 124
Hue & Freeman. — v. 462 ; ix. 84
Roebuck, J. J.— vii. 30
Rueck, L. — France, 1446
Roehling & Co. Zollverein (."?), TjOa
Roehr, F.— Zollverein (8), 7
Ruehrig & Albrecht.— Zollverein (3), 87
Roeller & Huste.— Zollverein (3), 161
Roels & Co.— Belgium, 83
Roemer, C— Zollverein (I), 337
Roe|ier, F. — Lubeck, 1 1
Roessler, C. H.— Zollverein (1), 397
Roethlisberger & Sons. — Switterland,
169
Roger, Brothers, & Co. — France, 1449
itoger Jun. — France, 1448
Rogers. — xix. HI; xxx. (Fine Art
Court), 116; see also Hamburger,
Rogers, & Co. ; Morewood & Rogers ;
Unwin & Rogers
Rogers, (.'. B.— United Slates, 238
Rogers & Co.— XXIX. 100; United
States, 523
Rogers & Dear.— xxvi. 264
Rogers, E. P. S. & C— xix. 204
Rogers, G. — xii. & xv. 142
Rogers, H. see Rogers, R. & H.
Rogers, J. — United States, I27
Rogers, J. W.— i. 240 ; ix. 183
Rogers, Lowry, Holyland, & Co. — xi. 58
Rogers, M.— xxviii. 179
Rogers, R. & H.— xxix. 215
Rogers, S. S.— I. 70
Rogers, W. G. — xxvi. 195 ; xxx.
(Fnie Art Court), 74. 353
Rogers, VV. 11.- xvi. 91
Rogers* Wroe.— XIV. 32
Rohlik, L. — Austria, 37
Rohrig, C— Zollverein (1), 768
Roig, J. — Spain, 216
Ruig, S.— S|iain, 249b \
Ruissard, J. M.— France, 1450 <
Rojon, J. L. — France, 358
Holfe, W. & Sons.- X. 47<!
Rolfls & Co.— Zollverein (1), 343
Rollaiid, see Feruuelle & Rutland
Roller & Blanohet.— France, 1687
Rolls & Son.— XIX. 281
Rolph, J.— XIX. 282
Rolt, P.— XXVII. 92
Rolwegan— Van Diemen's Land,l96. 345
Rolz, S.— Austria, 384
Romain, jun. — Switzerland, 153
Romain, D. — Netherlands, 104
Roman, see Gros-Odier, Roman, & Co.
Rumanengo, G. — Sardinia, 82
Romanes & Paterson. — xil. & xv. 466
Romanin & Co., see Callegari, A,
Romany y Mirn, A. — Sjnin, 250
Rom&o, M. J. da Costa. — Portugal,
1168
Rome, R. M. -IX. 152
Rome, Royal Manufactory at St.Peter's.
— Rome, 23
Romedenne, A. — Belgium, 165
Kometsch, C. — Zollverein (4), 73
Ruminger, J. — Zollverein (4), 96
Romoli, L.— xxx. (Fine Art Court),
351; Tuscany, 118-120
Riimpler, J. J.— Zullverein (I), 781
RomsSe, F.— Belgium, 506
Ronchard-Siauve. — France, 1451
Runchetti, P. A.— Austria, 82
Rondelli, F.— Sardinia, 90
Rouge, lie, see Verlmlst, &c.
Rooch, L. — Russia, 341
Rood, G. & Co.— XVI. 49
Rook, G. H.— vin. 320
Rouker, A. see Rooker, J. jc A.
Rooker, J. & A.— x. 340
Roome, Aim Kmpringliam. — xix. 283
Uoome, T. F.— x. 548
Roosegaarde, G. J. — Netherlands, 21
Roostan, C. — Russia, 256
Rout, M. A.— United Slate ■, 13
WHOSE NAMES APPEAR IN THE CATALOGUE.
clxXT
irein (1), 397
— Switcerlaiid,
-France, 1449
148
KX. (Fine Art
l>o Hamburger,
wood & Koger* ;
iLaiid,196.345
y at St.Peler'g.
Rooyncken & Son. — Netherlandt, 52
Uuuyen, H. Van. — Netlie:iandi, 58
Ru|)er, J. — XXII. 437
Roiwr & Sun.— XXII. 399
Hoper, W.— X. 197
K()))olu, P. — Sardinia, 54
Ropp, Baron. — Ruwiu, 47
Koqiie, J. J.— Portugitl, 18. 300
Uoraa* Copper Works. — Sweden &
Norway, 37
Roaaiii, Drrtliera. — Austria, 639
Rose, see Rudall. Rose, & Co.
Rote, Kliiakelh.— XIX. 60. ; xxvi. 28
Rose, J. & Co.— XXV. 47
Rose, J. E.— X. 719
Rose, J. T.— VII. 180 ; vili. 164
Rose, Miss.— Uritish Guiana, 136
Rose, VV. A.— IV. 27
Rosee, Daron A. De. — Belgium, 3C5
Roaenl)erg & Co.— Zollverein (6), 2
Roseuberger, see Blaha & Kosenberger
Rosenkilde,C.S. — Sweden & Norway, 45
Rosenwall, P. — Sweden, 62
Rosindale, C— xxii. 516
Rosing, F. W.— Hamburgh, 100
Rosinsky. — Russia, 3-12
Roskell, J.— x. U3
Rosier, J. — Austria, 532
Ross. — Main Avenue, West, 301
Ross, A.— X. 254. 6i)6
Ross, G.— Uritisli Guiana, 130; United
States, 584
Ross, A. H.— X. 157
Ross, C— United States, 213
Ross, D. — XXVI, 107
Ross, E, C. — British Guiana, 76a, 7Cb
Ross, H. — XXX. 191
Ross, Hon. Mrs.— Page 852
Ross, O'Connor, & Carson. — xxiv, 1
Ross & Sons. — xxviii. 64
Ross, T,— I. 51
Ross & Thomson.— xxx. (Fine Art
Court) 299
Ross, W,— X. 342
Rosseels, R, — Belgium, 449
Rosselet, (;, P.— France, 1452
Rossi, G. IVI. — Austria, 88
Rossi, L.— XVI. 248
Rossi & Schiapparelli. — Sardinia, 6
Rossignol, see Cusson, Pourcher, &c.
Rossler, F, Von— Zollverein (8), 4
Rossmore, Lord, — i. 142
Rossmore Mills. — xii. & xv. 261
Rotch & Finiel.— VI. 405
Rolerman, C. — Russia, 71
Roth, C, W.— Zollverein (5), 9
Rotii, J.— Switzerland, 53
Roth, J. C— France, 993
Roth & Sons.— Zollverein (5), 10
Roth, W.jnn.— Zollverein (4), 89
Rotherham & Sons,— X. 124
Rothery, Miss. — Western Africa, 4
Rothscliild.— Zollverein (I), J52
RotiiBcliild, Baron 8. Von. — Zollverein
(1), 88
Rotsch & Reioliel.— Austria, 98
Rott, A. H.— Austria, 158
Hott, J.— Austria, 150
Houcliier, F., & Son.— France, 994
Roucou, J.— France, 1689
Roiiget de Lisle, T. A.— France, 1455
Honget, Son, & Co.— France 1456
Uoughton, H. — V, 7
Rougler, see Champagne & Rougier
Rouille, see Valtat & Rouillu.
Roule, A. F.— Belgium, 419
Roulet, Gilly, & Chaponniere.— France,
359 '
Round, D. G.— Western end, South
enclosure (Outside), 3C
Rouse, Captain. — i. 79
Routsanofl. — Russia, 66
Rouiieau, A. — xxviii. 116
Rousieau, A. J.— United States, 314
Rousseau, Brothers. — France, 1467
Rousseau, L. — France, 360
Roussel, see Requillart, Roussel, &c,
Routsel, (J. — France, 361
Roussel, Requillart, & Chooquel. —
France, 1738
Roussel-Uazin. — France, 1458
Rousselet & Bororiiet. — France, 1450
Rout, W.— Van Diemen'a Land, 152.
154-158. 173, 187, 291, 293
Routledge, see Devas, Minchener, &
Rouvenat, L. — France, 1460
Houw, P,— xxx. (Fine Art Court) 294
Roux, see Cubrit & Roux; Thevenet,
Raffln, & Uuux
Roux, F. M.— France, 1690
Koux & Fortin.— France, 995
Rouxel, F.— France, 362
Hovere, F, P,— vu. 163
How, J. — xiv. 46
Rowat, J., see Ruwat, R. T. & J.
Rowat, R. T. & J. -xu. & XV. 301
Rowbottom, J. — IX, 262d
Rowe, J. M,, see Howe, M. & J. M,
Howe, M. & J. M.— United States, 326
Rowe, R,— I. 492
Howell, J.— XXIX. 153.
Rowland and Sou. — xxix. 1
Rowlands & Son. — xxiu. 118
Rowlands, 1. — xxvii. 63
Rowlands, W., see Rowlands, C. & W.
liowlanUson, T.— I. 490
Rowley.— XXII. 278; see also Cook,
Rowley, & Co.
Rowley, J.— x. 290
Rowley, J. J.— ix. 87
Rowney & Co. — xxx. (Fine Art Court) 3
Rowney,F.W.— xxx.(Fine Art Court) 3
Koxburgli, A., see Hoxburgli, J. & A,
Roxburgh, J. & A.— xii. & xv. 696
Roy, C. F.— Belgium, 301
Roy, Jessie.— XX. 1 36 ; United States,578
Roy, W.L,— United States, 373
Hoy, W. Von.— Zollverein (1), 441
Koyal Cannon Foundry — Belgium, 142
Royal Mines (Lobe).— Zoll.—(l)i 326
Royal Ordnance Office. — Siain, 262
(Main Avenue, Euat)
Royal Patent Decorative GlassWorks. —
XXIV. 83
Royal Porcelain Manufactory (Nymph-
enburg) — Zollverein (2) (J4
Royal Prussian Iron Foundry (Berlin).
Zollverein (I), 271 (Main Avenue,
East)
Hoyce, G.— ix. 58
Royer, J.C. A.— France, 1461
Royer, L. — Netherlands, 100
Hoyer, P. K, — France, 1462
Royle, Dr. J. F.— iv. 107; India, ii.
Roystou .& Urown — xvii. 34. 205
Rozurio, M. do — Portugal, 1277
Ruas & Co. — France, 1464
Huaud, J. B.— France, 1463
Huhall, v.— Portugal, 1152
liiibeland Ducal Foundry Inspectors. —
Zollverein (I), 780
Rubenitscli, J. — Austria, 507
lluhery, ,1.— xxvi. 7
Rudall, Rose, & Co.— x. 536
Rudberg, C.G. — Sweden & Norway, 1 1
Hudd, T.— IX. 1 J7
Hudert, H.— Russia, 84. 171
RudlolV, Brothers— Zollverein (I), 170
Hudolphi. — France, 14tid
Rue, De lu, & Co.— xvil. 76
Ruel, W. H.-I. 43.>
Ruetten, see Lumm & Ruetten
Huei, L.— France, 3l)3
RufT&Co.— XVII. 193
Ruffer & Co.— Zollverein (1), 11
Hufler & Son.— Zollverein (I), 101
RulTonI, Vincenso, & Forzano,— xxx.
(FiueArt Court) 220
RulTord, F. T.— xxv. 38 ; xxvii. 89
Rttfln, A.— Zollverein (1), ^4
Ruggles, G. H.— United States, 416
Rulil & Sun.— Zollverein (I), 597
Ruhmann, A. — Zollverein (1), 90
Humley. — xxvii. 59
Rumms, H. — Hamb"rgh, 14
Rundell, W. W.— x. 438a ; xxx. (Fine
Art Court), 279
Runge, Dr.— Zollverein (1), 302
Ruoli. — France, 1 466 ; see also Paradis,
De Ruolz, and Co.
Rupp & Becbstein. — Zollverein (5), 1 1
Rupprecht, 8. — Austria, 553
Rups, L.— Zollverein (I), 613
Rurmaiui & Meckel.— Zollv. (1), 580
Ruschi, Brothers. — Tuscany, 32
Rush, G.—x. 137
Russel, set Wisdom, Russel, &c.
Hussel, G.— xxx. (Fine Art Crt.), 206
Russel, Vicente. — Portugal, 1152
Russell, see Robinson & Russell
Russell, H. H.— VII. 78; xxx. (Fine
Art Court), 327
Russell, J.— I. 271
Russell, R.— XXIX. 40
Russell & Robertson. — ii. 59
Russell, S.— xxx. (Fine Art Crt.), 230
Russell, Sarah Ann, — xix. 285
Russell & Son.— I. 249
Russell, T. S.—viu. 127
Russell, v.— Portugal, 1295
Rust, F. A.— Zollverein (6), 68
Rutherfoord, H. K.— South Africa, 23
Rutherford.— X. 160a
Rutherford, J.— I. 182
Rutliven, J.— xxu. 20
Ruthven, M. W.— viii. 171
Rutland, W.— xvi. <J9
Rutochi & Co. — Switzerland, 153
Huttens, Helene.— XX. 147a
Hutfer.— XXII. 643
Hotter, J. & W.— XXIX. 137
kutty, tee Foster, Rutty, & Co.
Ryan, J.— xxil. 436
Ryder, W.— vi. 222
Hyfel & Co. —Switzerland, 153
Hyhiner, C. — Switzerland, 152
Ryhiner & Sons. — Switzerland, 161
Ryle, J.— United States, 336
Ryles, M.— X. 190
Rzebitschek, F.— Austria, 102
Saad Ben Bartha. — Algeria, 63
Subatier, H. — France, 1407
Sabinin. — Russia, 116
Sachs, T,— Zollverein (1), 411
Sachse, W, F.— Zollverein (1), 226
Sackcr, F. C— xxix. 214
Sacre, K. — Belgium, 504
.Sacreil Harmonic Society. — Main
Aveiuie, West ; vii. 38
Sadd, W.— X. 301
Suddington, S. & W.— vi. 609
Sadler.— XIV, 30. 72
Sadler, Fenton, & Co. — xiv. 18
Sadler, J.— iv. 70
Sadler, J, H.— vii. 61
Sadler, S xiv. 30. 91
Sadler, W. J.— iii. I03a; ix. 166
clxxvi
INDEX OF EXHIBITORS AND OTHERS
Saelier 8e Nenack, United Coal Minei,
(Kiieii).— Zullverein (1), 4.'j0
Saffre, Madame. — Belgium, 483
Safoiiofr. — RuMia, 55
Saget, W.— France, 364. 1468
Sagra, Ramon de la. — Spain. 157. 186
Salilberg, C. F. O.— Hamburgh, 36
Sailer, J.— Austria, 570
Saintin, A.— France, 691
Salamanca Mines, Inspector of. — Spain,
20
Sale, J. N.— xviii. 39
Sales, Pollard, & C».— in. 47
Salido, A.— Spain, 75
Salis, Schwabe, & Co. — xvin. 41
Sallandrouie de Lamomaix. — France,
1469
Salm, Prince.— Austria, 430
Salmon, Ody, & Co.— x. 594
Salmon, W. J.— x. 266
Salmond, W.— xiv. 83
Salomon. — France, 298
Salomon, J. A. & Co.— ZuU (1), 692
Salomons & Suns.- xil. & xv. 3U5
Salourier, see Hooper, Q., Corroy, &c.
Salt & Lloyd.— XXII. 343
Salt, M. & Sun.— X. 628
Salt & Mear.— United States, 203
Salt, T.— XII. & XV. 139
Salt Works, St. Ubes.— Portugal, 45
Salter. — vn. 107. (Main Avenue, West.)
Salter, G.— xvi. ^U9
Salter, J.— VIII. 116
Salter, S.— vii. 220, Page 851. 854
Salter, S. & Co.— xii. & xv. 250
Saltmarsb, 6.— xxx. 345
Saluce, M. — Sardinia, 10
Salter, C. — Austria, 245
Salxhausen Salt & Lignite Works. —
Zollv. (6), 3
Salxwimmer, P. — Austria, 554
Sambuc, P.— France, 1470
Sammet, T.— ZoUverein (2), 50
Samora, Baron de. — Portugal, 43, 44. 48
Sampson, P.— xvi. 303
Sampson, T.— vn. 137 ; xn. & xv. 215
Samson, «ee Temsonnet, G. &c.
Samuel, J.— v. 616
Samuel, Miss. — I. 489a
Samuels, D.— iv. 2U
Samuels, J. & Co.— xviu. 31
Samuelson, 0. — ix. 11:15
Sancbes Pescador and Miguel, T. —
Spain, 259
Sandell, E.— xxix. 97
Saiideman, G. — xxvi. 173
Sandeman, H.— vi. 44 ; xi. 2 ; xvni. 92
Sanders. — xxii. 655 ; see also Gaimes,
Sanders, &c.;Spurdeii,Woolley,&Co.
Sanders, J. — xxvill. 73
Sanders, S.— ix. 26!)b
Sanderson, A. — United States, 506
Sanderson, C— v. 570
Sanderson, G.— x. 160
Sanderson, R. & A. & Co.— xil. &
XV. 196
Sanderson & Reid. — xill. 3.
Sanderson & Sibbald.- xn. & xv. 189
Sanderson & Son. — xxiv. 9
Sanderson, T. J.— xxn. 226
Sandford, Owen, & WaUou.— v. 554 ;
VI. 223
Sandlane & Crane.— xx. 38
Sandoval, De, & Co. — France, 365
Sands, W. & Co.— iv. 88
Saiidway. — xvin. 93
S^ndy & Powell.— xxvui. 112
Sang, F.— XXVI. 233
Sang, J.— X. 338
Sangiorgio, A. — Austria, 722
Sangiovanni,B. — xxx. (Fine Art Crt.) 83
Sangoushko, PrinceM Mary. — Russia, 78
Sangster, J., nee Sangster, W. & J.
Sangster, W. & J.— xxix. 136
Sanin. — Russia, 28
Sankey, W. H. V.— vn. 32
Sanson, E. — France, 366
Santa Maria de Nieva, Alcalde of. —
Spain, 233
Saiitander, the Inspector of Mines of.—
Spain, 9
Santi, Dr. C— Tuscany, 20
Santo, Dr. D. A. C— Spain, 242
Santos y. Dial J. — S|jain, 34
Sapell'in, V.— Russia, 309
Saiiognikoff. — Russia, 372.
Sapojnikoff, Brothers. — Russia, 67
Sapp, see Becker, Sapp, & Co.
Sajisford, S. — xvii. 35
Sapy, A. — Austria, 6
Saracini, C. A. — Tuscany, 34
Saragossa, Academy of Medicine & Sur-
gery.— Spain, 128a
Saragossa, Agricultural Board of. —
Spain, 148
Saragossa, the Inspector of Mines of. —
Spain, 11
.Sarasin, J. F. — Switzerland, 152
Sarasin 8c Co. — Switzerland, 152
Sarchet, J, — Jersey and Guernsey, 32
Sarder, P.— Austria, 607
Sardinia, King of. — Sardinia, 64
Sargent, C— IX. 29
Saris & Rengos. — Greece, 56
Sarrac, H., & Dufour.— France, 1471
Sarre, H. jun.— ZoUverein (1), 255
Sarson, T. F.— xxn. 470
Sartorius, A. & Co.— ZoUverein (1), 6 1 1
Sastachs, J. — Spain, 255
Sastre, C. — Spam, 253a
Sather, see Norl)erg & Sather '
Satourin, M.— Russia, 233
Sattler, W.— ZoUverein (2), 14
Sauer, see Spangenberg, Sauer, &c,
Sauer & Sou.- ZoUverein (I), 479
Sauerbier, J. A. — ZoUverein (I), 353
Sauerbier, J. C — Netherlands, 114
Sauerbrey, L. — ZoUverein (I), 702
Sauerbrey, V. — Switzerland, 68
Saugrin. — France, 690
Sauken, A. Von. — ZoUverein (I), 433
Saulini, T.— Rome, 24
Saulsbausen Salt Works (Hesse).- Zol-
veiein (6), 3
Saunders, see Randall & Saunders
Saunders, C— v. 958; xvi. 135
Saunders, F. W.— xvi. 271
Saunders, G. — xxi. 34 ; Jersey and
Guernsey, 23
Saunders & Gatchill.— ill. 144; iv. 71
Saunders & Son.— x. 205
Saunders, T. H.— xvn. 36
Saunders, W. J.— xxn. 455
Saunders, W. W.— iv. 9
Saunderson, C. — xvn. 37
Sauraux, J. V.— France, 367
Saussure, J. B. De.— United States, 1 76a
Sautret, jun. — France, 1473
Sautreuil, jun. — France, 1474
Sauvage, R. & Co. — France, 1472
Savage, A. — vi. 458
Savage, G. & Son. — Canada, 340
Savage, R. W.— xxn, 56
Savalini, Thomas.—Rome, 24
Savard. — France, 1476
Savaresse, jun. — Franco, 098
Savaresse, H. — France, 997
Savaresse, P. — France, 1477
Savary and Mosbacli. — France, 3G8
Savery, P. B. — United States, 65
Savi, Professor P. — Tuscany, 51
Saville, J.— xn. & xv. 46
Savory & Moore. — ll. 115
Sawney, W.— ix. 31
Sawyer, W.— v. 960
Sax, A. & Co.— France, 1726
Saxby & Brain.— viil. 136
Saxon, A.— VI. 17
Saxony, Royal Direction of Railways
(Dresden).— ZoUverein (3), 26
Saxion, A.— XX. 90
Sayce, J. & Co.— xn. * xv. 307
Saye, P. G.— France, 1691
Sayer, see Featham, Miller, & Sayer
Sayle, Merriam, & Brewer. — United
States, 404
Saynor & Sons.— xxn. 198
Sazikoff, P.— Russia, 366
Scaling, W. — xxviii. 9
Scamp, W.— VIII. 298
Scam|is, P.— France, 1479
Scarfe, G.— Jersey and Guernsey, 17
Schalias, J. — Austria, 36
Sciiachtler, see Custer & Schachtler
Schade, E.— ZoUverein (1), 680
Schseck, Madame. — Switzerland, 251
Suhaefer,Otto,&Scheibe.— Zoll.(l),153
.ScliaenfTelen, G. — ZoUverein (4), 41
SchaerfT, R— ZoUverein (1), 118
Scliaflgotsch, Count of.— Zoll. (1), 208
Sdialcb, A.— Switzerland, 160
Sclialis, see Dunlop & Schalis
Scballer, C— ZoUverein (I), 478
Schaller, J.— xvi. 203
Schamal, F. — Austria, 118
Scharenberg,A. — Mecklenburg Strelitz,.^
Scharf, C— ZoUverein (1), 776
Schattenman, Mr. — France, 376
Scheder, J. & Co.— ZoUverein (1), 102
Schedl, C— Austria, 429
Scheel, C— ZoUverein (1), 668
Scheibe, see Schaffer, Otto, &c.
Scheibe, G.— ZoUverein (I), 719
Sclieihe, H. L.— ZoUverein (I), 742
Sclieibler, see Homberg & Schiebler
Scbeibler, F. J.— ZoUverein (1), 354
Scheibler & Co.— Austria, 80 ; ZoUve-
rein (I), 534
Scbeibler & Son.— ZoUverein (1), 864
Scheldt, Brothers, & Co.— Zoll v. ( 1 ) , 504
Scheldt, J. W.— ZoUverein (1), 505
Scheidweiler, M. — Belgium, 164
Scheile, C— vi. 402
Scheiper, see Bonckmiihl, &c.
Scheit, J. W.— Zidlverein (1), 605
Scheitlin, D. see Scheitlin, H. & D.
Scheitlin, H. & U.— Switzerland, 217
Scheile, J. G.— Hamburgh, 31
Scheller, Weber, &Wittich.— ZoUverein
(1), 663
Schelling & Co.— Switzerland, 62
Schelstraete, L. — Belgium, 25 1
Scheltema, J. & J.— Netlierlaiids, 38
Schelter, G.— ZoUverein (3), 182
Sciiemany, see Schulte & Schemany
Scliembri, A.— Malta, 10
Scliembii, O.— Malta, 3
Schenck & Co.— ZoUverein (4), 40
Schendel, P. Van.— Belgium, 173
Scheppers, F. — Belgium, 497
Scheuble,J. H.&Co.— South Africa, 48
Scliiapparelli, see Kossi & Schiupparelli
Scliiedmayer & Sons.- Zoll. (4), 23
Schiertz, J. G.— France, 999
Schiess, see Schovh, Schiess, & Co. ;
Zaehner & Schiess
Schiess, E.— Switzerland, 200
Schiesser, G. — Switzerland, 131
Schievelbein, J. F. E.— Zoll. (1\ 237
ScliifTmann, L. — ZoUverein (6), 76
WHOSE NAMES APPEAR IN THE CATALOOTJE.
clxxvii
ScliilTiier & Ziminermauii. — ZulUereiii
(3), U7
Scliild, J.— Switzerland, 2J0
Schildknecbf, C. F.— Zollvfrein (I),
131
Snhill & Wngiier— Zollvereiii(4\ 30
Schiller & Gerbing.— Austria, 614
Schilirr, J.~Hatnlmrgh, 95
Schilling, J.— Zollverein(l), 148
Schilling, V. C— Zullverein (1), 8SS
Schilling & Suttun.— li. 52
Schilt, v.— Swiltwland, 59
Schindl, A.— Auitrio, 318
Scliindler, lee Elientaller & Schindler ;
J«tniy & Schindler
Scliindler, S. — Austria, 555
Scliintiler & Kirtchbaum. — Zollverein
(I), 480
Schipper, C— Austria, 269
Sclilurprer, J. — Switzfrlund, 135
Schlaepfer, Schlatter, & Kursteiuer. —
Switzerland, :i01
Schlater, H.— Austria, 701
Schlatter, see Schlaepler, Schlatter, &c.
Schlrdich, see Koehler & Scliledich
Sclilegelmilcli, C— Zollverein (1), 643
Schleicher, C— Zollverein (1), 405
Scliiesinger, gee Quitzow, &c., & Co.
Schlesinger & Co.— VI. 168; xvii. 38
Schleuss, H.— Zollverein (I), 160
Schlick, F.— Austria, 385
Schlief.T.— Zollverein (1), 108
Schlippp, C. — Russia, 27
Schhiss, Widow, & Brother.— France,
1480
Schlumberger, jun., & Co. — France,
1481
Schlumberger, Gasiiard, & Co.— France,
lUOO
Schlimsler, H.— Soutii Africa, 39
Schmantz, C, aen. — France, 370
Schnierbauch, H. -Zullverein (1), 264
Schmerber, S.— Zollv. (5), 30
Schmersahl, tee Kurtz & .Schmersahl
Sch uid 8e Abegg. — Switzerland, 153
Schmid, Brothers. — Switzerland, 163.
269
Schmid, H.— Switzerland, 136
Schmid, H. D. — Austria, 105
Sclimidlehner, J. — Austria, 455
Schmidt, see Behren & Schmidt ;
Casparsson & Schmidt; Gevers &
.«chmidt ; Wahlen & Schmidt
Schmidt, C— Zollverein (1\ 644 ; (2\
9i
Schmidt, C. H.— Zollverein (1), 809
Schmidt & Co.— Zollverein (I), 58fl;
Zollverein (3), 11
Schmidt, E.— Zollverein (6\ 58
Schmidt, F.— Zollverein ' \ 83
Schmidt, G. F. & Co.— Zullverein (3),
60
Schmidt, H., see Schmidt, C & H.
Schmidt, J. — Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 2
Schmidt, J. C— Zollverein (1), 831
Schmidt, J. D.— Zollverein (I), 651
Schmidt, J. G., Jan., & Sons.— Zollve-
rein (3), 49
Schmidt, P. L.— Zollverein (1), 646
Schmidt & Sons.— Zollverein (I), 756
Schmidt, W.— ZoUveieln (4), 9
Schmieger, A.— Austria, 193
Schmieger, J. — Austria, 224
Schmieterloew, C— Scuth Africa, 42
Schmit, C— Zollverein (1), 641
Schmiti & Holthaus.— Zollverein (\),
585
Schmitt, F Austria, 225
Schmitt, S. M. (Heirs of), & Co.—
Austria, 238
Schmoelder, see VVidemaun, I'ferd-
menges, &c.
Schmolz, W. & Co.— Zollverein Tl ), 673
Schmuck, Suiicbay, & Cu. — Zollverein
(1), 729
Schodbel, Brothers.— Zo]lverem(l ), 503
Sclniap|jer, H. L. — Zullverein (6), 42
Schnautz, W.— Hamburgh, 104
Schneeberg Cobalt and Nickel Works
(Saxony).- Zollveiein (3), 9.
Schneider, A. see Schneider, E. & A. &c,
Schneider, Brothers, & Legraud. —
France, 1002
Schneider, E. & A. & Legraud. — France,
1001
Schneider, F.— Switzetland, 102 ; Zoll-
verein (I), 185,203
Schneider, H. >V.— i. 409
Schneider, J. — Austria, 140
Hclnieidu & Cu. — Chili
Schneiler, J. D. — Switzerland, 42
Schnelle & Sons.— Zollverein (1), .')58
Schnitzcr. — xxx. (Fine Art Court),
161
Schnitzler & Kirschbaum — Zollverein
(1), 480
Schnitzler, see Ulleiiherg & Sclmitzler
Schnorr & Steinhacuser. — Zollverein
(3), 62
Schoch, Schiess & Co. — Swit^ierland, 202
Schoefel, J. — Austria, 99
Schoefer. — Zollverein (I), 737
Schoell, A. — .\iisliiu, 226
Schuell, C. A.— Switzirland, 252
Schoeller, A. & F.— Zollverein (I), 608
Schoeller, Brothers. — Austria, 227
Schoel'.er, J. P.— Zullverein (1), 365.
Schoeller & Sons.— Zollverein (1), 374
Schdeneheck Chemical Manufactory. —
Zollverein (1), 68 1
Schiienelieck Salt Works. — Zollverein
(1),834.
Schoenenberger. — France, 371
Schoenfeldt. — llussia, 373
Schoenhuber, J.— Austria, 113.
Schoening, H. — Zollverein (1), 154
Schoettle, G. J.— Zollverein (4), 12
Schotield, A. — xii. & xv. 474
Schofield, Brown, Davis, and Halse. —
XII. & XV. 3
Schotield, J.— xil. & xv. 125
Scholefleld, D.— x. 148
Scholer, P. C— Denmark, 37
Scbolev, Misses. — xxvi. 1 42
Scholl,' J.— X. 666
SchoUus.— France, 1482
Schomburgk, Sir R. — St. Domingo
Schdn, P.— Zollverein (1), 402
Schiinberg Privileged Linen Yarn Spin-
ning Mill. — Austria, 95a
SchOnborn, E. — Austria 15
Schoneveld & Westerbaon. — Netl
lands, 13
Schonhofer.— Zullverein (1), 785
Schoidiofes, Sebuld.— Switzerland, 258
Schbnleber, A. — Zollverein (4), 32
Schouley & Hough.— United Mates, 200
School ut Charity, Ireland, — xix. 227
School for Indigent Blind. — xxvill.
HO
Schooling, H.— XXIX. 114
Schoost, J. N. C— Hamburgh, 37
Schopfer, 8. — Switzerland, 218
Schopper, F.— Zollverein (1), 757
Scbopper, H. — Zollverein (1), 758
Schopper, M. A. — Austria, 270
Schbrder, C. H. — Hamburgh, 13
Schotts, B. & Sons.— Zollverein (6), 25
Schrailer,C.— Zollverein (1), 777
Schraidt & Co.— Zollverein (n, 732
Schramm, Brothers, — Zollverein (1),
466
Schramm J. L. F.— Zollverein (1),806
Schramm, 8. — Austria, 397
.Schrader, Miss H. — xxix. 319
Schraps, see Becker & Schraps
Schreger, B.— Zollverein (6), 51
Schreiber, F. A.— Zollverein (3), 71
Schreiber.J. C. G.— Zollverein (I), 783
Schreier, Susanna. — Austria, 300a
Schrieck, Van Der, Brothers.— Belgium,
101
Schriider, see Schuermann & Schroder
Schrodter, E.— Zollverein (I), 484
Schroeder.— 1. 437 ; «e« also d'ottschalk
& Schroeder ; Wam|) & Schroeder
Schroeder, J. — Zollverein (6), 77
SchiflBcr, F. H.— Zullverein (3\ 120
Schroers, G. & H.— Zullverein (1), 515
Schroers, H., see Schroers, Q. & H.
Schropp, Simon & Co.- Zullverein (1),
303
Schruck & IJhIich.-Zollverein (2), 15
Schuberdh & Co.— Hamburgh, 102
Schubert, see Behr & Schubert
Schubert, A. — Austria, 168
Schubert, Mrs.— Zollverein (3), 1 56
Scliuchard, H. — Zollverein (6), 19
Schuchmann, W. — Switzerland, 264
Schueler, Dr.G.— Z(dlverein (I)
Schuell, L.— Zo::vertin (1), 393
Scliuer, Dr. & Kohriug. — Zollverein,
(1),813
Schui-rmann & Schriider. — Zullverein
(I), 496
Schuetze.— Zollverein (3), lf!8
Schnetzendorff, H. J. — Zollverein (I),
309
Schuldheis, A. E.— Swtaeii, 105
Schule, see Kolb & Schule
Schulte, J. H.— Zollverein (I), 675
Schulte 8t Schemann. — Hamburgh, 49
Schultheis, see Weber & Sclmltheis
Schulte.— Russia, 268
Schultz, F. J.— Hamburgh, 48
Schultz, G. S.— Hamburgh, 112
Schultze, D. — Hanuver, 6
Schnltze, F.— Hamburgh, 46
Schultze, J. & F.— Zollverein (I), 707
Schulz, C— Zollverein (i;, 593
Schuiz, J.— Zollverein (I), 680
Schulz, L. W.— Zollverein (1), 811
Schulz, W,— Zollverein (1), 881
Schumacher. — Zollverein (4), 93
Schumacher, J. itSons. -Zollv. (6), 47
Schumann, C. A, — United States, 204
Schuster. — Zollverein (1), 712
Schuster, L.— Zollverein (3\ 22
Schuster, M., jun.— Zollverein (3), 23
Schutz, F.— Austria, 375
Ichutz, L. W.— Netherlands, 98
"chutze, A, — Zollverein (1), 884
Schutzmaiin, A, — Zollverein (2), 40
Schuyler, see Raymond & Schuyler
Schwalie, see Salis, Schwahe, & Co,
Schwann, F. — xii. & xv. 115; xiv.
50 a
Schwann, Kell, & Co.— xil. & xv. 141
Schwanthaler. — Zollverein (1), 90.
285 ; (Main Avenue, liast)
Schwarte, J. D.— Zollverein (1), 640
Schwartz, C— Zollverein (1), 202
Schwartz & Uiigtienin. — France, J 003
Schwartz, Trapp, & Co.— France, 1004,
1UU5
Schwartze, see Meyer & Schwarize
Schwarz, C— Austria, 470
Schwarz, F. jun. — Austria. 472
Schwarz, F. sen. — Austria, 471
Schwarz, H. — Switzerland, 137
clxxviii
INDEX OF EXHIBITORS AND OTHERS
11
Schwan, I.— Auitria, 473
Schwsn, J.— Austria, 684
Sohwane, Dr.— Zoliverein (3), 179
Sohwaneiibach, J. J. — SwiUerUiid, 153
SohwarMnbaeb Bn>tli«ri.— SwitMrland,
193
Sohwanenberg, Prince.— Auitrio, 417
SchwarMnfcli Rlactoral dolour Manu*
factory. — Zoliverein (1), 465
Sohwebemeyer, C. — Zollvvrein (1), 181
Schwefel, A.— Auetria, 608
Schweitier & Heller.— Zollv. (1), 733
Schweiier, fee Grae«er .% Sclinreiier
Schwemanii & Son*.— Zullr. (1), 545
Schwemial Royal Alum Work*. —
Zoliverein (11, 463
Schwerber, S.— Zoliverein (*>), 30
Schwerin, Count of. — Zoliverein (1), 33
Schwingbammer, S. T. — Austria, 556
Scola, A. — Austria, 72
Scola, B. — Sardinia, 16
ScoUick, H. C— XXX. (Fine Art Court),
178
Scotch Linen Trade.— Portugal, 701-706
Scoti, Brutliers. — Tuicany, 37
Scott. — XXII. 612; «ee alw Keer & Soutt
Scott, Cutliberttun & Co.— xxvi. 300
Scott. E., & Co.— IV. 19
."cott, G.— V. 154
Scott, O. G.— Page 848; vn. 22).
(Main Aveiiup, VVeNt) xxTi. 235
Scott St Olanford.— Canada, 148
Scott, L.— II. 01
Scott, M.— V. 98
Scott, P.— XX. 141
Scott, S. T.— XVI. 228
.Scutt & Wright.— XII. & XV. 1
Scottiih Rnyal Society of Arts.— vn. 20
Scouller, J.— vill. 113
Scragg, T.— IX. 228
Scrampton. — I. 82
Screen, T — Van Diemen'e Land, 305
Scrive, Brothers.— France, 1005. 1007
Scrive, Brothers, & J. Dauser.— France,
1006
Scroxton, J. H.— xxvi. 271
Scrymgeour, H. — xxvi. lUl
Sculfert, E.— Austria, Ills
Sculthess Brothers. — Switieriand, 153
Seabrook, W.— United States, 320d
Seabury, J.& J. L.— United States, 121
Seabury, J. L., see Seabury, J. St J. L.
Seager,W — xxx. (Fine Art Court), 13
Seal, J.— xxx. (Fine Art Court), 218
Seal, F. M. C— Portugal, 497. 515
Seal, &— IX. 262
Sealy, J.— XXVII. 130
Searaer, T. — xili. 15
Searight, J.— South Africa, 37
Searle, C— xxii. 480
Searle, G. -United Stales, 488
Searle, H.— vi. 65
Searle, M.— New Brunswick, 21. 26.
Searle & Sons. — viii. 169 (Main .'Vve-
nue. West)
Sears, M. W.— vill. 348
Sears, H. — xxil.620
Seaton, Lord, — Ionian Islands, 5
Seaward.W.— IX. 51
Secchi, F. — Austria, 31
Seccomhe, S, — i. 454
Sedgwick &Taylor.— xxil. 044
Sedlag, G.— Zullvereiii (3), 72-83
Seebaos, A. R.— Zoliverein (b), 50
Seeger, E.— Zoliverein (4), 78
Seeger, J. A.— Zoliverein (I), 713
Seel, G.— Zollvevein (I), 657
Seel, H.,jun.— Zoliverein (I), 483
Seeley, J. — ■ Webtern-end, South cn-
clusiire (nutsitle), 1 1 ; page 8j2
Seeling & Becker — Zoliverein (6), 69
Seeling, O. W.— Zoliverein (1), 291
Seemann, C. & H.— Zoliverein (4), 36
Seemann, G. — Zoliverein (1), 75
Sf email, H., see Sreman, C. St H.
Seer, L. M.— Canada, 16
Seghers, B.— Belgium, 1 10
Segond. see Maille & Segtind
Seguin.— France, 692, 1693
Beguin, J. — France, 1008
Seguy. — France, 372
Seib, Jf. A.— France, 1009
Seibe, A. — xxvi. 11
Seib'er, see Pature-Lupin, &o.
Seiil Omer. — Turkey
Seidel, C. & C— Austria, 228
Seidel, J.— Zoliverein (6), 26
Seiffert St Co.— Zoliverein (I), 162
Seigneur, J. B. Du. — France, 187;
(Main Avenue, East)
Seignuret, H. ^.—Jersey & Guernsey, 3
Seipermann & Muhlau. — Zollv (I), 676
Seitter, A. — Austria, 399
Selboe, .1. C— Denmark, 31
Seldis, E.— Zoliverein (I), 181
Selenka, J.— Zoliverein (1), 800
Selfe, H.— v. 452
SelivanofT. — Runia, 52
Sellar & Son.— ix. 85
Sellers, see Slack, Sellers, &o.
Sellers, J.— xxii. 147 ; xxx. (Fine Art
Court), 295
Sellier& Bellot.— Austria, 122
Sells, see Jones, Sells, & Co.
Selopis, Brothers. — Sardinia, 4
Seltxer, Sophia.— x. 726
Semenoft'& Faleyetf, Brothers. — Russia,
135. 247
Semmens, J. — vni. 136
Semon, Siltser, & Co.— xn. & xv. 163
Semovilla, R. — Spain, 143
Semper.— Zoliverein (3), 1 74
Sempere, F. de — S|iaiii, 41
Sena Sorni de F.— Spain, 274a
Seiiechal. — France, 373
Seiigenwald. — France, 1010
Sengle, J. G. — Hamburgh, 66
Senigaglia & Carminati. — Austria, 78
Senu St Suter. — Switserlaiul, 152
Senneir, J. — United States, 75
Sentis, Son, & Co.— France, 1011
Seppe, H.— South Africa, 49
Seratiuo,; B.— Tuscany, 123
SeraHno, Palatini, & Co.— Austria, 702
Serioiine, De, Loin, & Co. — France,
1483
Serjeant St Pepper. — xxv. 1 9
Serley, C. G. De.— France, 1484
Serret, Hamoir, Duquesne, St Co. —
France, 1-185
Servaes, M. F.— Belgium, 295
Servais, J. B. — Belgium, 291 ; France,
1012
Service, W.— ix. 122a
Sersedello St Co.— Portugal, 37, 38. 42.
50. 61. 09, 70. 72. 75, 76. bO, 81.
504
Settier, B.— Spain, 272a
Selzer, J.— Austria, 23
Seuffert, E.— Austiia, 141b
SeveriM,E. — Hamburgh, llij; Belgium,
367
Severn, H. A.— viil. 186
Sevier. — xix. 1 15
Seville Royal Cannon Foundry. — S|>ain,
263 (Main Avei. e, East)
S6vin, C.— France, 1739
Sevres, Manufactory of Porcelain and
Stained Glass at.— France, 1369
Sewall, see Juhnsoi), Sewall, & Co.
Sewell, C. & F.— XXVI. 340
Sewell &Co.— IX. 107
Sewell, Evans, Hubbard, and Bacon. —
XIII. 10; XIX. 288
Sewell, F., see Sewell, C. & F.
Sewell, T. R.— vi. 92
Seybel, see Wagenmann, Seybel, St Co.
Seyboldt & Co.- Sweden, 101
Seydoux, see Pature-Lupin, &c.
Seyeux. — France, 1486
Seyferth, J. St Co. — Zoliverein (3),
106
SeylTarth, Dr.— Zoliverein (3), 1 74
SeyOertft Bieyer.— Zoliverein (3), 88
Seykora, J. — Austria, 324
Seyler, Q.-ZoUvercin (I), 121
Seymour, K. St J.— xxiii. 72
Seymour, J., see Seymour, K. St J.
Seymour, Z.— I. 192
Seyrig, see Maidove, Allioll, &c.
Seyssel Asubalte Co. — Eastern end. ; I.
229
Shabelsky. — Russia, 42
Shacklock, G.— xxvi. 29
Shadlwlt, G.— X. 677a
Shaft & Axletree Co.— v. 543
Shah, A.— Russia, 126
Shali-Wedi-Ogli.— Russia, 166
Shaken, Maria, Fanny, & Edw. — xix.
289
Shalders, W. jun.— v. 402
Shand & Mason (lateTilley & Co.) —
v. 410 (South Transept)
Shand & Muckart.— iii. 1 26
Shanghae, H.M. Consul at.— China
Shanks, A.— VI. 210 \»
Shanks, R. H.— v. 962 '
Shanks St Son.— ix. 67
Sharland, Mrs.— Van Diemen's Land,
177
Sharland, W. — Van Diemen's Land. —
175
Sharland, W. S.— Van Diemen's Land.
—321
Shanihorst, C. — Oldenburgh, 3
Shar(), see Ward, Street, &c.
Sharp, Brothers.— VI. 15. il04
Sharp, D. W.— xii. St xv. 177
Sharp, G.— xxx. (Fine Art Court), 20
Sharp, J.— XXII. 91 ; xxix. 218
Sharp, Odell, St Jury.— xiil. 69
Sharp, S. — Western end, Soutli enclosure
(ouUide), 18 ; vi. 440; x. .108
Sharp, T.— XIX. 1 ; xxiii. 120; xxx.
(Sculpture Court) 20. 26 ; see also
Brine, Brothers, & T. Sliarp
Sliarp, W. D.— V. 104
Sharpe, B.— vill. 136
Sliarpe, see Browne, Sharp, St Co.
Sharpe, Brothers, & Co.— xxv. 36
Sliarpe, E. — vii. 223 (Main Avenue,
West)
Sharpe, H. & D.— Zoliverein (1), 872
Sharpe, J. St R.— xxi. 10
Sharpe, R., see Sharpe, J. & R.
Sharpus St Culliim.— xxv. 41
Shattuck, W. F.— United States, 509
Shaltuck, W. G.— United States, 412
Shave, W. J.— xxil. 90 ; xxii. 628
Shaw, A. — Canada, 56
Shaw, B L.— V. 113
Shaw, C— xxviii. 161
Shaw, H. — XVII. 14; see also Shaw J.
W. and H.
Shaw, J.— VIII. 254 ; xx. 91
Shaw, J. & Co.— V. 728
.Shaw, J. W. & H.— XII. & XV. 98
Shaw, P.— XII. & XV. 90
Sliaw, S.— Cjiiada, 149
Shaw &S011.-XXII. 216 :
WHOSE NAMES APPEAR IN THE CATALOGUE.
clxxix
Diemeu's I<an(I,
emen'i Land. — •
Diemeu'f Laud.
Shaw, Son, & Co.— XII. &xv. 110
Shaw, W— VI. 110
Sliea, Caiit.— China
Sheaii, W. J.— xvii. 177
Sheard & Snni.— xii. & xv. 81
Shearer, J.— xxii. 127
Sliearman. B. 8.— United States, 672
hheai* & Sona.— xxii. 'ISSa
Shechtel, F.— Riiuia, 367
SbedUon, H.— xix. '/93
Sheeiiihanka, ite Yurl( & Sbaepthank*
Siielneld Ga« Cumiwny.— xxii. 448
Sheffield Jounieymen File-makeiik —
XXII. 138
Slieffleld School of Deeign, xxui. 39 :
XXVI. 344, 3^9
Shi'kliimin.— Runia, 276
Shekhunin, A. — Ruaaia, 27ft
Sheldon, fee VVadiwurth & Sheldon
Sheldon, J.— xxil. 2»-2
Sliembri, Antonia. — Malta, 10
Shenton, *e« Koothoraijp, Showell, &o.
Sheiiatone & Mills. — xxil. 273
Sheiurd & Perfect.— xii. & xv. 131
She|)hard, J. — xxiv. 8
Shepherd, C.—X. 128 (South Tianaept)
Shepherd, (J. — Canada, 63
Shepherd, Hill, & Spiiik.— vi. 220
Shepherd, R. A. J.— United States, 10
Sheppuril, A.— iii. 70
Slieppaid, F.— xxviii. Ill
Shejipurd, G., see Sheppard, W. B.,
&G.
Siiepiard, W. B. and G. — xil. & xv.
18
Sheridan, P.— xix. 294
Sheriff, T.— IX. 74
Sheringham. — xxil. 582
Sherman & Smith.— United States, 143
Slierrer, G.— New Suuth Wales
Slierwin, H.— xxv. 51
Sherwin, J. — xxii. 243
Shcnvin, Cojie & Co.— vi. 104
Sherwood Iron Works. — xxx. (Fine
Art Court) 138
Shield, J.— VII. 79
Sheilds, F. W. (C.E.)— New South
Wales, 18
Sliier, D.— Britiah Guiana, 21-24. 33-3).
41-44.55.58.67. 122. 133,
Shillibeer, G.— v. 964
Shilton, T.— v. 966
Shinton, R.— III. 23 ; XX. 75
Shipley, J. 6.— XVI. Hi
Slilpton, see Bninsden & Shiptuii
Shipwreck, National Institution for the
preservation of lift) from. — viii. 309
Sillier, A.— XIX. 296
Shull, J.— IX. 120; United Stales, 53.S
Slioobridge, see Keiih, Shoobridge, & Co
Shoullired, Loveridge, & Sboolbred. —
XXII. 66 ; XKVi. 282
Shore, T.— vi. 438
SliDrman, I.— viii. 266
Short, see Grave, De, Short, &c.
Short, J.— XXIX. 129
Shoiivaloff & Sou.— Russia, 231. 241
Shove, G. — XXIV. 24
Sliowell, see Foothorape, Sbowell, &c.
Shreevp, Mrs. — xx. 464
Shrewsbury, see Aldertoii & Shrewsbury
Slitttiige & Vozl'el. — Itiiasia, 370
SIiuB; W.— v. 971
Sliiildam, Harriett.— XIX. 398
Shuldham, M.— viil. 172
Shuttlewortli, see Clayton, SbutUeworlli,
&Co.
Sliuttlewortb, W. & Co. — xii. & xv.
156 1
Si Ahmed El Ilachemi.- -Algeria, 4S
Si Ali Beu Lamuucbi. — Algeria, 69;
France, 1695
Si Amar Smin. — Algeria, 49
Si Amon Ben Ouat, A. F. (or Si Ha-
mon Bel Onataf). — Algeria, 64 ;
France, 1694
8i-BI-Bey Ben-Bou-Ras.— Algeria, 90
Si El Medaoi.— Algeria, 66
Si Han la.— France, 1696
Sibbald, see Sanderson & SibbaUl
Sibell & Mott.— Uniied States, 339
Sibley, S.— United States, 197
Sibson, H.— Page 852
Sibtborpe, Fanny Louisa.— xix. 299
Siccaraa, A.— x. 535
Sichart & Co. - China
Sichel, M.— Zollveiein (6\ 84
Siebe, A.— v. 4-10 ; vu. 1 ; ix. 255a ;
X. 358 ; XXII. 435 ; XXVI. 1 1
Siebel, (;. W. & Brinck.— ZoUverein
(I), »13
Siebert, P.— Austria, 271
Siebert, 8.— Uiiite<t Si ues, 509
Siegert, C— Zollveniii (1), 74
Siegfried & WulUtlmusen. — Zollvereiu
(0.862
Siegl, J. & Co.— Austria, 290
Siegle, H.— ZoUverein (4), 6
Siegmund, see Neiihaeuser, Siegmund,
&Co.
Siegmund, W. — Austria, 2.30
Siemens, C. W.— v. 46. 203
Siemens & Halske. — ZoUverein (i),
310a
Siepermann & Moehlau. — ZoUverein
.(I). 676
Sieron, L. — Belgium, 398
Sievert, E.— Austria, 683
Sigaut. — France, 14fc7
Sigmund, I, — Austrin, 272
Sigiioret Rochas, P.— France, 1013
Silbermann, G. — France, 374
Silk & Brown.— V. 9G8
Sillett, J.— xxx. (Fire Art Court), 26
Siltter, see Semoii, Siltzer, & Co.
Silvii, see Almeida, Silva, & Co.
Silva, A. S. P. da.— Portugal, li97,
12G8
Silva, C. J. F. da.— Portugal, 1123c
Silva, R J. da.— Braiil, 4
Silva, J. J. da.— Portugal, 955. 9C6,
967
Silva, J. P. da.— Portugol, 370
Sdva, M. da.— Portugal, 991-1014
Silva Alves R. J. da.— Portugal, 407
Silva Junior, A. da. — Portugal, 319
Siheira, J. P. da.— Portugal, 349
Silvent, see Repiquet & Silvent
Silverlock, H.— vi. 158. 162 ; xvii. 40.
Silverwood, see M.irsden, Brothers, &c.
am, C. J.— XIX. 301
Sim, W.— I. 137
Simcox, G. P.— XIX. 302
Simcox, Pembertuii, &Sons. — xxil. 3S1
Sime, J. & Co.— XII. & xv. 195
Simes, S.— United States, 60
Simier, J, — France, 093
Simmeiis, J. — viii. 124
Simmonds & Woodman. — xx. 105
Simmons & Co.— United States, 119
Simmon^!, G. N.— i. 46i)
Simmons, J. — xxx. (Fine Art Court),
126
Simmons, Mrs. W. — United States, 303
Simms, W. — x. 741 (Main Avenue,
West) ; see also Troughton and
Simms
Simon, see Guentlier & Simon ; Lightly
& Simon ; Schropp, Simon, & Co. ;
VidcaMi & Simon
Simon, E.— France, 1014
Simon, H.— ZoUverein (2), 37
Simon & Henry. — France, 1469
Simon, J.— France, 1016
Simoii, Miss.— Jersey & Qutttmej, 24
Simon, P.— France, 1015
Simon, 8.— France, 1697
Simonet, Virgiuie. — France. 37S
Simonetta, P.— Austria, 291
Simonis, E.— Belgium, 464 (Main Ave-
nue, East)
Simonis, J. — Belgium, 194
Siinonite, J.— xxn. 270
Simons, J. (heiis uf). — ZoUverein (1),
914
Simons, W.— vni. 33
Simons, W. V.— v. 96 ; x. 663
Simonson, see Jones, Sinmnsoii, &c.
Simonson, J. & Co.— ZoUverein (3),
194
Simounet, P. — Algeria, 91
Simpson, Prof.— United Slates, 965
Simjison, Esther.— xx. Ill
Simpson, O.— X 624 ; xxvi. 267
Simpson, H. — X. b'i2
Simpson, Hannah,- xX. Ill
Simpson, Humphrey, & Vickert. — IV.
117
Simpson, J.— xxv. 33
Simjison, J. & Co. — Canada, 48
Sim|isoi>, M. — XIX. 67
SimjAon, Messrs. — India, V«
Simpson & Skipton. — v. 14
Simpson, T.—x. 532
Simpson, T. B.— Canada, 90. 277
Sim|json, W. B.— xix. 379; xxvi. 270
Simpson & Young.— xviii. 47
Sims, B. H.— United States, 274, 275
Sims, E. W.— United States, 267
Sinclair, C— xxiv. 50
Shiclair, D. — viu. 136
Sinclair, Duncan, & Siun. — xvn. 9°2
Sinclair & Hockley.— x. 329
Sinclair, J. — Western end. South enclo-
sure (outoide), 13 ; I. 206
Sinclair, J. jun. — xil. & xv. 467
Singer, C. F.— Z<illverein (3), 145
Singer & Co. — Western end. North en-
closure (outside), 69 ; xxvn. 88
Singer, J. — Austria, 392
Sinigaglia, Brothers. — .Sardinia, 29
Sioen, J. — Belgium, 138
Sirot.— France, 1017
Sirtaine, F. — Belgium, 197
Sisters of Mercy.— xix, 213a
Sitoff, Brothers.— Russia, 202. 323
Sjolilom, C. G.— Sweileii, 63
Skalkin.— Russia, 347
Skeltous, R., sec Skeltons, S. & R.
Skeltons, S. & R.— xxii. 2:0
Skidroore, T. R.— xxiv. 52
Skidmore & Co. — xxil. 183
Skidmore & Son. — xxiii. 129
Skill, Rebecca.— XXIX. 84
Skinner.— xxx. {Vine Art Court) 3G2
Skinner, A.— xvi. 83
Skinner, F., & Co.— United Slates, 450
Skinner & M'Cul'och.- Canada, 88.90
Skinner & Whalley.— xxvii. 121
Skipton, see Simpson & Skipton
Skvorzoff.— Russia, 232. 235
Slack, J.— V. 423
Slack, Sellers, & Grayson.— XXII. 208
Slagg, H. W.— XXII. 168
Slape, O.— XXVIII. 67
Slark, W.— XXIX. 135
Slate, J.— VI. 69; xxii. 386
Slater, E.— XII. & XV. 22
Slater, H.- XII. & XV. 170
Slater, J.- xxix. 226
n 2
clxxx
INDEX OP EXHIBITORS AND OTHERS
Slatw, W.— VIII. 78
Slater & Wright.— 1. 1 1 i viii. 136. 312
Sluughan, Kliiulieth.— XXIX. 64
Slaughter, «e« Stuthert, Slaughter, & Co.
Slifgliti, Mr*. — Vail Dietnen'$ Loiid,
168
Slight, J.— V. 765 } IX. 42
SliMne, Mt Hall, Uruthen, &o.
Sloaiie, F.— Tu«caiiy, 28
SLuolc, E.— xi. 6
Sloggett, R.— VIII. 32
Sluter.— Zollvewin (1), 270
Sly, J. — Van Diemen's Land, 329
Smal-Werpiii, A.— Belgium, 398
Smale, W.— viil. 94
Small, see Mating & Small
Small,T.— X. 6Jl
Small, T. O.— XXV. 42
Smallmaii, Smith, & Co. — xxii. 2
Smart, tee Kamaay and Smart
Smart, K.— xx. 13d
Smead, C— United States, 237
SmeJ, S. — Denmark, 29
Smedley, T.— I. 121
Smedt, B. De.— Belgium, 232
Smee & Faraday. — x. 464
Smee & Son.— xxvi. 174
Smeeton & Son.— xiv. 63
Sinichow (near Prague) Steam Flour
Mill. — Auitria, 64
Smily, W. R.— xxiii. 94
Smith.— XU. .& XV. 163} xvn, S3;
xxil. 368 ; see also Bickfurd, Smith,
&c.; Barl, Smith. & Co.; Furster &
Smith; Heywood, &c., & Co. ;
Pecare & Sm.th ; HhiHi|)S, Smith, &
Co.; Phillips, Smith, & Pliilli|>9;
Sherman &. Smith; Smallman, Smith,
& Co.; Stuart & Smith; Turheville,
&c.. & Co. ; VVar<l, Smith, & Co. ;
Wilhey & Smith
Smith, A.— xxviii. SSa ; Canada, 33 ;
see also .Smith, W. & A
Smith, A. K. — IX. 4a
Smith, Anderson, & Co.— XIX. 82
Smith, A. & W., & Co.— ix. 266
Smith, B.— vii. 96;xxiu. 110; Ca-
nada, 64
Smith & Baber.— XIX. 371
Smith, Beacock, & Tannett.— vi. 230
Smith 8f Heck.— X. 253
Smith, B. T. & C— IV. 65
Smith, C— I. 190a; xxvi. 341
Smith, Capt., R.N.— xxx. 318
Smith, Clmrlotle.—xx. 119
Smitli & Co.— IX. 234 ; XXII. 452
Smith, C. R. — xxx. (Sculpture Court),
44.83
Smith, C. T.— Van Diemen's Laud, 78,
189
Smith, Constable, & Co.— Spain, 236
Smith, D., see Smith, H. & D.
Smith, K.— XVII. 100
Smith, F. H.— United Slates, 566
Smith, F. P.— V. 3
Smith, F. S.— xxx. (Fine Art Court),
170
Smith, G.—v. Ill; IX. 219
Smith, G. A.— xxviii. 95
Smith, George, & Co. — xx. 55
Smith, G. F.— XXVI. 141
Smith & Gibl>s.—xx. 71
Smith, G. R.— X. 424
Smith, H.— VIII. 1G5. 2/9; ix. 192;
see also Smith, T. & H.
Smith, H. A.— xxx. (Fine Art Court)
211
Smith, H. & D.— United Stales, 22
Smitn, H. R.— XXX. (Fine Art Court),
3U
Smith, J.— III. 161 ; vi. 59; vii. 119a
IX. 356; XIV. 65; xvi. 237; xvii.
41;xviii, 89; xxviii. 22; leeako
Coffey, J. A., and J. Smith
Smith, J. & Sons.— XII. & xv. 235
Smith, J. A.— New Zealand, 6. 14. 19.
29
Smith, J. B. & Co.— XII. & xv. 14
Smith, J. R.— XX. 29
Smith, J. M. & Co.— United Slates, 519
Smith, J. W.-vi. 73
Smith, Kemi), & Wright.— xxii. 295
Smith, L.— United States, 86
Smith, Lieut., R.N. — Van Diemen's
Und, 238-240, 295, 296
Smith, M.— HI. 14; vi. 2:i
Smith, M. C T. — Vun Diemen's Land,
189
Smith, MaiiaL. — xix. 158
Smith, Maiy. — xiii. 51
Smith, Mary A. P. — XXX. (Fine Art
Court), 213
Smith & Meynier. — Austria, 300
Smith, NichoUiin, & Co. — xxill. 110
Smith, ().— XXVIII. 95
Smith, O. H. -v. 072
Smith, P.— Van Diemen's Land, 222
Smith, R.— I. 499
Smith, Mrs. H.— xix. 304
Smith, R.& Son.— V. 449.
Smith, S.— VIII. 12J ; x. 573
Smith, Smallman, F.— xxx. (Fine Art
Court), 170
Smith & Son. — IV. 68; xil. & xv.
29 ; XVI. 31
Smith & Sons.- X. 129; xvi. 310«
(Main Avenue, West)
Smith, T.— I, 177; ix. 222; xxii.57;
XXVIII. 172
Smith, T., jun. — xxx. (Fine Art
Court), 167
Smith, T. & H.— II. 94.
Smith, T. H.— XXII. 269
Smith, T. & W.— VIII. 305
Smith, W.— IX. 270; x. 359; xil. &xv.
80 ; see also Smitli, A. 4e W. & Co.;
Smith, T. & W.
Smith, W. & A.— XXIX. 280
Smith, W. H.— VII. 165
Smith & Whyte.— XII. & xv, 459.
Smilbers, J.— Suutli Africa, 38
Smithson, T.— IV. lOU
Smithson, T.— xii. & xv. 48
Sinits, P.— Netherlands, 20
Smyth.— XIX. 77
Smyth & Roberts.— X 491
Siieath, see Nicklin & Siieatli.
Sneider, Pellegrini. — Rome, 3
Snelgrove, see Marshall & Snelgrove
Snell & Co.— XXVI. 170
Siiell, J.— XII. & XV. 24
Snell, R.— X. 528
Siioeck, C. J.— Belgium, 202
Snow, VV. P. -I. 85
Snowden, R. — iii. 28
Snowden, see Collier, Son, & Snowden
Snowden, W. F.— v. 588
Soap Contractors, Royal. — Portugal,
1158-1164
Soaies, V. C. V.— Portugal, 360. 368.
390.391
Sobey, W. R.— xxil. 685
Sjbracliel, Count of. — Siiaiii, 174
Soderberg & Arosenius. — .Sv.'*!den and
Norway, 19
Sueders, U.— Netherlands, 81
Soehlke, (4.— ZoUverein (I), 265
■Soehnee, Brothers. — France, 380
Soeneii, F.— Belgium, 338
Soeneiis, LeClievali' r. — Belgium, 109
Soetens, C. — Belgium, 424
Soins & Son.— France, 381
Solenikoir.— Russia, 261
Soler,J.— Haltii, 29
Soley, B. — Sardinia, 40
Soller & Co.— Switzerland, 152
Solbrig, C. P.— Zollverehi (3), 47
Solbrig, Fraiifc— ZoUverein (3), 72-83
Solly, see Allen & Solly.
Solly & Co.— I. 410
Solly, J.-xxil. 258
Sutn.s, Count.- Zullverein (1), 210
Solomun, J. — X. 286
Solomon, S. — xx. 86
Solomon, T.— I. 81
Solomons, A.— xxx. (Fine Art Co.), 69
SoIoviefT, J.— Russia, 35 I
Somajiii, F. — Austria, 723
Somalvico & Co.— x. 681a
Somers, Karl. — I. 77
Somerset House School of Design. —
XXVI. 3U9 ; Bay I. 23, 24 ; XXX.
(Fine Ait Court) 10
Sommer, C. — Zollverein (3), 1
Sommer.C. F.— Zollvereiii (I), 818
Sommer, P.— Zollveiein (1), 878. 893
Sommer, J.— Zollverein (1), 390
SommerHeld, B.— Zollverein (1), 173
Sommerfeld & Hubiier.— Zullverein ( 1),
238
Sommermeyer & Co. — Zollverein (1),
802
.Somze, .1., jun. — Belgium, 268
Somze-Mahy, H. — Belgium, 263.
Sonilermann. — Zollvereiii (I), 2K8
Sondeimami, W. — Zollverein (I), 743
Suiidermeyer, J. K. — Netberlumls, 72
Sonneuherg, Association of Manufac-
turers at.— Zollverein (1), 801
Sonnleithner, A. — Austria, 500
Soper, H.— XIII. 29
Super, R. S.— XIV. 64
Sophianos, A.- — Grei'Ci-, 2
Sopwith, J. se« Sopwith, T. & J.
Sopwith, T.— I. 483, 484
Sopwith, T. & J.— XXVI. 316
Sorby, R., & Sons.- xxil. 204
Sorel.— France, 10 JO
Sbreusen, C — Denmark, 13
Soria, Inspector of Mines of. — Spain, 28
Sornk in, Catherine. — Russia, 69
Sorzano, Manuel. — Trinidad
Suten, J. — Canada, 355
S:>tto.— Sardinia, 91
Soual. — Algeria, 52
Soubeyrand, L.— France, 1400
Soucaret, see Couderu & Soucaret
Soui'.hay, seeSchmuck, Soucluy, & Co.
Souche Paper Mills Co.— France, 377
Souchon, J. M. — France, 1491
Soucin, Corbet. — Fraiicf, lt)98
Soufleto.— France, l()99. 1731
Soulby, J.— VIII. 110
Soule.— United Slate*, 342
Soules, Mdme. Hyppolite. — France,
1492
Sounes, J.— xxx. (Fine Art Ct.), 277
Sounes, W. — xxx. 359
Sourd, A.— France, 1493
Soiisa, see Pinto e Snusa
Souter; \y.— XXII. 354
South Australian Co. — South Austra-
lia, 1
South Carolina Railroad Co. — United
Stales, 176ii
Southoll & Co.— XXVI. 342
Southall, W.—x. 469
Southey & Co.— xvi. 51
Spithorn, W. & C.>.— xxv. 29
.Soutter, G.— Switzerland, 51
WHOSE NAMES APPEAR IN THE CATALOGUE.
flxxxl
of Deiigii. —
), 24 } XXX.
lutli Austra*
Co.— United
Suuvrai, ne Boiiflli, Micliel & Cu.
Kouia. J. B. (Ic— PurlMgul, 1112, 1113
Suwden, M.— I. 171
Sowerby, see Williams & Sitwerby
Suwerhy & Ctullc — xxvi. I'J2
Siiwrel, A.— Uiiileil Stalei, 448
Soxlilet, R. w< Soxhlet, H. F. & B.
Sorililet, H. F. k K.— Aiittria, 194
Siiyer, A. tee Warriiier, G. &o.
SiHililiiig, J.— X. 501
SpalingfT, J. — Switzerlnml, 2S3
SpiUijstH>rg&Cu. — Sweden anil Norway,
Spangeulwrg, Saner, & Sturm. — Zoll-
vereiii (I), 477
S|)anna, J. & Co.— Sardinia, 6S
SpRiiraO, F. X.— Aiitlriu, 273
Spurke, W.— vill. 17. 13(i
Sparki, J.— XXII. 430
S|)arki J. & Co.— X. 591
Sparkt, W.— 1. 1S4
Sparrow C— XXIII. 2.
Sparrow, R.— vni. 313
Spaulding, J.— United States, 313
8|)eur, ue Hall & Spear
Spear & Jackson.— xxil. 113
S|>eicli, P. — Sardinia, 71
Slieller, W.— VI. 330
.S|)elluui— Austria, C38a
Spence, tee Bluiiilell, Sjieiice, & Co.
Spencf, P. — II. 7.
Spenceley, J.— VIII. 117
Spencer, K.— viii. 11
Spencer, J. A.— ll. 31.
S|)eiicer, J. & Son.— xi. S2.
8|)encer & Son.— v. ."iSS
Silencer, T.— v. 5r)5A ; xxix. 22-2
SiKiideck, P. & Co.— Zollv. (I) 424
S|)eiigler, C— Zollverein (3), 117
Sperry, H.— United States, 34.^
Spicer, Briitliers. — xvn. 42
Spiegel, W. A. C. & Co.— Lulwck, 8.
Spiegelhalter & Co.— Zollv. (1), 870
Spieis & Son.— xvil. 203 ; xxvi. 70;
XXX. (Sculpture Courl) 3i)l
Spietachko, V.— Austria, 609
Spiglazof)'. — Russia, 76
Spiller J.— VI. 4 }6
Spink, tee Slieplierd, Hill, & Spink
Spinii & Menke.— Zollverein (1), 838
SpitalKeUls Scliool of Design. — XIII. 37
Spitulflelds Patent Utrecht Co.— xix.
265
Spleiigler, H.— Switxerland, 181
Spoerlin & Ziinmerinann. — Austria, 651
Spolir. — Austria, 371
Simoner, A. — Canada, 169
Sprait, 1.— XXIX. 121.
Spratt, J.— United States, 5.
Spratt, W. H.— X. (il2
Spreclier & Baer. — Switzerland, 103
.Siprengel, Ur. C. & Co.— Zollv. (1) 67
Springer, J. J. — Switzerland, 138
Springfield, W.— xxvill. 138
Sprot, M. & T.— Western end. North
enclosure (outside), 60 ; xxvil. 98
Spur, G.— III. 58
Sj)urden, Woolley, Saunders, & Co. —
XX. 14
Sptirgin, J. — VII. 70 ; ix. 239
Spurgin, T.— ii. 38 ; x. SU
Spiirin, K. C. — xxix. 126
Spurrier.— XXIII. 28
Spuirier, C. — xxvi. 70
Spyvee & C;oo|)ers. — xiv. 62
Squair, K. — Canada, 51
Squire, C— vi. 467 ; xxvi. 273
Squire, J. &C.).— V. 700.
.Squire, J. & W.- I. 74.
Squire, P.— 11^93.
Squire, R.— xxii. 451
Squire & Co.— vi. 440
Squire, T.— xvi. 2.
Squire, W,, tee Squire, J. & W.
Squires & Sons.— I. 117
aiires, W.— VIII. i!87 ; ix. 144
a, A. — Austria, 35'*)
Stall, C. G. sen.— Zullverein, (1), 228
Stabb, Rweii. — Newfoundland, 1
Stadion, Count. — Austria, 123
Staebeli-Wild, C— Switzerland, 208
Stoeheliu, B. di B.— Switzerland, 152
Slaelielin, tee Waldner & Staebelin
Staflel, 1. A.— Russia, 148
Siaflbrd, Mrs. B. A.— Jersey & Guern-
sey, 40
Stafford, D.— vii. 189
Stafford, J. R.— United Stales, 29
Stahlberg— Sweden, 84
Staight & Sons— VI. 455 ; xxix. 252
Slaiglit, T.— IV. 109
Stuinburn & Baugh. — xx. 58
Staines, £.— viii. 2C8
Stainier, S.— Belgium, 428
Stalon, J.— XXX. (Fine Art Court) 108
Stam, F.— Netlierluiids, 73
Stamin & Co.— France, 1021
Stampfer, Professor — Austria, 130
Stancoinb, J., jun , tee Stancumb, W.
& J., junrs.
Stancomb & Son.— xii. & XV. 16
Slancomb, W. & J., junrs. — xn. &
XV. 17
Staiiden & Co.— xil. & xv. C8I
Standidgp, Harriett, & Co.— xxx. (Fine
Art Court), 37
Staiidisb, Anne.— xx. 106
Stondish & Noble— Kastern End, 101 ;
China
Slandon, Ann. — xx. 213
Staiidring, J. & Brother.- XXiX. 239
Staiiliiipe Limestone Qnnrries.—i. 204
Staniforth, tee Padley, Parkin, &c.
Staniforth, T— XXII. 214
Stanley, tee Holbrook & Stanley
Stanley, C— xvi. 208; xxii. 551
Stanley, W. P.— ix. 1
Stanton, tee Macy, Stanton & Co.
Stanton, O.— United States, 367
Stanton InstitutefortheBliiid(Virginia).
-United States, 270
Stanton, Mary.— xxix. 83
Stanton, R.— v. 66 1
Stanton & Son.- xil. & XV. 224
Stapft-r, Huni, & Co.— Switzerland, 153
Stapfer-KoUa.— Switzerland, 153
Stajifer, Sons, — Switzerland, 153
Staple, T.— I. 181
Star, K.— United States, 194
Starbuck, N. B., United States, 91
StarikolT.— Russia, 313
Stark, R M.— x. 284
Starke & Co.— Canada, 191
Starke, M.— Austria, 130
Starkey, A. see Starkey, J. & A.
Slarkey, J. & A.— xii. & xv. 121
Starkey, T.— ix. 43 ; xxvi. 26
SiarliiiK. Mary Anne. — xix. 86
Starr, C— United States, 88, 89
Startchikoir, N. -Russia, 321
Slatliam, tee Yardley & Statham
.Statham, W. E.— x. 456
Staub, Brothers. — Switzerland, 15
Stauiliiiger, A. — Austria, 640
Stauss & r^uschner. — Zollverein (3), 99
Staveley, T. K.. late R. E.— xxx. 263
Stead, tee McVlpine, Stead & Co.
.Stead, \V. — Jersey & Guernsey, 21
S ead, W. & Co.— XII. & XV. 57
Steaiie, J. B.— vi. 70
Stears, S.— xxix. 132
Slebbing, J. R.-x. 179
i<t< edmaii, C— xxvi. 3 lA
Steedmi'.n, tee Kniiever & Steedman
Steedman & Co.- xxx. 363
Steegmaiin & Co.— XIX. 41
Steel, tee Myersciiiigh, Sleet & Co. ;
Robertson, Carr & Steel
Steele, A. — Mauritius, 4
Steele, M.— British Guiana, 154, 155u
Steele, P. tee Steele, W. & P.
Steele, W. & P.— xxil. 00
Steer & Webster.— xxil. 124
Steere, B.— United States, 2!10
Steevens, W. D.— IX. 38
St( evens, J.— XXVI. 124
Stefani, W. — Sardinia, 86
StelTens, P.— Austria, 232
Stehle, J.— Austria, 154
Sieiger, G. — Austria, 374
Steigerthall, seeZoIImann & Steigerlhall
Stein & Schroeder. — Zollverein ((i), 81
Steinbach, see Blecli, Steinliach, & Mantz
Steinbach, J. J.— France, 382
Steinbock, A. — Austria, 103
Steiner, C— France, 383
Steiiier, O. & Sons. — Austria, 87
Steiner, T. & Co.— xviii. 37
S'einhaeur & Bier.— Zollverein(l), 410
Steinhaeuser, tee Faist St Sieinhaeiiser ;
Kupfer 8t Steinhaeuser; Schimrr Se
Steinhaeuser.
Steinhaeuser, H. — Zollverein (2), 44
Steiiiheil, Dr.— Austria, 135.
Steinkellner, C. — Austria, 164
Steinlin, F.— Swit^^erlaiid, 183
Stenberg, G. — Sweden, 91
Stenhouse, A. — in. 164
Sienstrom, P. A.— Sweden, 53
Stent, W.— IX. 18
Stephan, A. & Co.— Zollverein (1), 159
Stephanek, K. — .Austria, 231
Stephens, E. B. — Page 853; xxx.
(Scul| tnre Court) 36
Stephens, H.— II. 74; United States, 392
Stephens, J. P. & Co.— xiv. 73.
Stephenson, tee Lockerby & Stephenson
Stephenson, Blake, & Co. — xvn. 182
Stephenson, P. — United Stales, 467
(Main Avenue, East)
Stephenson, R. — vil. 106; (Main Ave-
nue. West), x. 674a ; United Stales,
548
Stepounin, A. tee Zouhoof, D. & A.
Stepounin.
Stern, A. — Switzerland, 57
Sternberger, L. — Belgium, 180
Sternickel&Guelcher.— Zollv. (1),.'!76
Stetter, C. G.— ZoMverein, (I), 3u4
Stevens & Co. — United States, 473
Stevens, G. H.— xxx. (Fine Art Ct.),
lo8 '
Stevens, H, R. — xxil. 7
Stevens, J.— V . 572; xxvin. 198
Stevens, J. L.— v. 136
Stevens, R. — in. 91
Stevens & Son.— v. 609
Stevens & Sons. — xxvn. 24
Stevens, W.— iv. 3
Stevenson, tee Oswald, Stevenson, & Co,
Stevenson, Alan. — vii. 99
Stevenson, D. — xxix. 21
Stevenson, J, C. — n. 122
Stevenson, J. & J, — xxviii. 152
Stevenson, Robert, (the late) vii. 90
Stevenson, T.— vii. 99, 100; viii. 304
Stevenson, W.— n. 20
Stewart. — Canada, 333a ; tee also Mor'>
rell, Stewart, & Co.
Stewart, C— v. 512 ; xxii. 40
clxxxii
INDEX OF EXHIBITORS AND OTHERS
Sitwars C. & Cu.— ix. 213 ; xxi. 21
Siawart & Co.— United S(«Im, 393
Stewart, D. Y. & Co.— vi. 833
SttwaH, Jaiit.— XX. 177a
Siflwart, R.— XII.& XV. 308
Stawart, W.— xxvii. 33; Canada, 134
Stiauiy, W.— Auttria, 377
Stick, Ht Jenkint & Stick
HticK. Mt JenxiM K
Hlidoliih.— XVII. 19
SiiefftHarroM— Zollverci* (I), 161
Stierhofer, A. — Auttria, M7
Stier), J. jun. — Auttiia, 058
Still, C. 8.— XXVIII. 145
Stille, A.— Sweden and Norway, 12a
Stiller & Sou.— iSollveniiii (1), 127
Stillwell & Soil.- XIII. 7
Slimpwn O. juii.— United Statei, 461
Siiiiiiei, H. A.— Zullverein (i), 448
Stirk, J.— XXII. 74
Stirling, C. M.— xxix. 57
Stirling, Eliiabeth.— xxx. (Fine Art
Cuurl), 180
Stirling, J. jun. — Western end, South
eiicloiure (outtiile), 9
Stirling, Mary Ann. — xix. 26
Stirling, Murriei J. D.— I. 428} (Main
Avenue, Rait)
Stirling & Snni. — xviii. 56
Stirling, T. jun.— i. 209
Stirling, T. fen.- xxvii. 120; xxix.
315
Stirling, W.—xvii. 118
Stiveni & Soiii. — xxix. 35
Sti>blielaen. — Belgium, 60
Stoberi, T. T.— Zollverein (2), 16
Stobwawer & Co.— Z.illverein (I), 199
Stocken, C— xxiii. 81 ; xxvi. 200;
XXIX. 43
Stueker.— XXII. 14
Stacker, G. ste Stocker, S. & O.
Shicker, N. B. — xxx. (Fine Art
Court), 270
Stocker, S. & O.— v. 422
Stockill, W.— XVI. 17
Stockman, W. & Co.— Zollv. (1), 788
Stocks, M.— I. 188
Stodart & Son.— x. 470
Stueber, J. J.— Zollverein (2), 16
Stoebeti & Sons.— Z»llverein (i), 7
Stoelirer, K.— Zollverein (3), 1 j
StoeUel, G. F. & Sun.- Zollveruin (3),
66
Stoetiner, C. F. & Co.— Swilierland,
21)4
Sloffrei^n, see Metiihold & Stoffregin
Stoiimann & Wustenreld. — Zollverein
(0.460
Stolir, F.— Austria, 160
Stohrer, T. F.— Zollverein (4), 60
Stoker, J.— x. 204 ; xvi. 103
Stukes, J. C— XXII. 252
Stokes, 11. — XVII. 80
Stokes, S.— XIX. 307
Stokes, W.— IX. 255
Stiilherg-'Weriiigerud. — Zollverein (1),
779
Stoll, C— Zollverein (4), 85
Stolle, C— Lubeck, 9
Stolle, Dr. K.— Zollverein (I), 65. 895
Stblti, see Matagrin, Stolti, & Co.
Stoltie,— France, 1494
Stohenberg, J. — Dlecklenburg-Schwe-
rin, I
Stone, Mff Haling, Pearse, S'oie;&; Hill
& Stone ; Lawrence, Stone & Co. ;
Wallers & Stone
Stone, J. & Co.— Austria, 80
Stone & Kemp.— xiu. 18; xviii. 9
Stone & Son.- xxiii. 123
Stopber, T.— xxvi. 66
Stoquart, Brothers.— Ualgiuni, 307
Storer, J.— x. 520
Storey, W.— vi. 208
Stork, P.— Zollverein (I), 511
Storr & Mortimer, «m Hunt & Roskell
Stiisi, v.— Zollverein (4), 19
Stothert, H.— v. 403a
Stothert, Rayno, tc Pitt.— y. 403
Stothert, 81au|{[iter, & Co.— v. 4
Stotlimann & Wustenfeld. — Zollverein
(I), 460
Stotier, F.— Swilierland, 63
Stow, Brothers— XII. ft xv. 35
Stowe, H.— IV. 10
Stowell & Suirden.— XII. & xv. 496
Stoy, H.— V. 705
Stracliey, Lieut. — Indin, iv.
Straeleii, Matlame Van. — lielgSnm, 327
StraflT, «ee Dietricli & Straff
Strahan, 11. — Van Diemen's Land, 17
Strohl, O.— Zollverein (I), 206
Straight, T.— IV. 109
Strailh, Major H. -Western Africa, 18
Straker.S.— VI. 142
Sirakosch, S. & Son.— Austria, 233
Strange, W.— in. 83
Strangeways, J.— xvil. 201
Strasimunii, «ee Weaclier & Strassmann
Stratingh & Co.— Netherlands, 3
Strntton, W. J.— United States, 182
Strauch, F.— Zollverein (3), 33
Strauss. — Austria, 37 i
Strauss, E. W.— Zollverein (3), 38
Strauss, J. — Sardinia, SO
Street, see Ward, Street, &c.
Strauo, G.— Auitria, 713
Strickland, Maria. — xxix. 63
Strickland, Mn.— xxvi. 2-38
Strines Printing Co. the (Manchester),
—XVIII. 28
Strode, W.— xxii. 443
Strong, tee Griffillu & Strong
Strongitharm, see Longman, late Stroii-
gitliarm
Strube & Son.- Zollverein (3), 33
Strudwick, T.— xxix. 42
Struencke1l)erger,see Sulgar& Struenck-
clberger.
Strugnell, H.— xxvi. 343; xxviii. 174
Strum's, J. Widow, — Austria, 477
Slruth, v., sen.— Zollverein, (0), 30
Siruthers, W. S.— Western end. South
enclosure (outside), 16
Strutt.— XIX. 336 ; xxii. 668
Strutt, W.— Van Diemen's Land, 232
Struve & Co.— II. .'liA
Stuart, J.— IX. 268
Stuart & Smith.— XXII. 102
Stuart, W. — vu. 28 (Main Avenue,
West) ; XXVII. 55
Stuhbe & Uacye.— Belgium, 07
Stubbs, P.— XIII. 43
Sluliecke, M. — Sweden, 112
Stubgen & Kleemann.— Zollv. (I), 776
Stubs, P.— XXI. 39.
Stuckey, W.— vil. 193
Stuckhart, J. — Austria, 559
Stum^if.— Russia, 181
Stunzi and Sons. — SwitterlaiMl, 153
Sturdee, A. B.— viii. 337.
Sturdy and Turner. — xill. 79
Sturge.J. E.— II. 119.
Sturgeon, Harriett. — xxix. 53
Sturges, J.— II, 88.
Sturges, R. F.— xxii. 341
Sturm, see S|)anger, Sauer, &c.
Sturm, P. U.— France, 384
Sturmy. Maria. — xix. 00.
Sturrock, J.— x. 724
Sturteuegger-Nef, L, — Switzerland, 139
Stutohbury, J. S.— British Guiana, 25.
28. 30. 39. 45. 46. 52, 53. 59-61.
63.65,66,70. 85a. ll7ii-ll7o, 118,
IIR*. 126, 137. 138, 139.
Stutterd, J.— xxii. 545
Styles, T.— III. 157
Suhierra, Marguii de — Portugali 33
SuohanI, P.— Switierland, 2
Suchel, J. D France, I7U0
Sudworth. J. — XI. 42
Suermond Brothers. — Belgium, 505
SueM, A. H.— Auitria, 325
Suess, W.— Zollverein (1), 482
Sudden, Borrai, and Co. — xxiX. 62
Sugden, J. and lirollien. — xil. & XV.
167
Suailen, see Stowell & Sugden.
Sulger & Stueckellwrger. — Switier-
huid, 153
Sullivan, see M'Givan & Sullivan
.Sullivan, T.— VI. 1J6
Sulslierger & Akermaun. — Switiertand,
234
Suiter, O.— Switierland, 186
Sulser, H.— Switii-rloiid, 187
SumnierUeld, see Ltoyd & SummerHehl
Summerley. — xxill. 110
Summers, C. — xxx. (Scul|iture Ct.), 32
Sumpton, J — V. 445
Suremann K Co.— Switierland, 153
Surmnn and Co. — v. 65
Surr & Son.— XIX. 80
Susee, H.— France, 1022
Susee, Urotliers.— France, 1023
Sussmatui, L.-- Zollverein (1), 305
Sussmann & Wiesenthal. — Zollverein
(I) 132
Sutcliffe, J.— XXVI. 137
Sutdifl'e, J. C— I. 413
Sutcliffe, R.— VI. 42
Suter, see Seun, H. A. & Suter
Sutherland, Duchess of. — xxvi. 164;
Western Africa, 16
Sutherland J.— South Africa, 30a
Sutherland, Janet. — xix. 300
Sutorius, C. F.— Zollverein (4), 100
Sutter, J. J.— Switzerland, 203
.Sutton, see Schilling & Sutton
Sutton, Eliza.- XIX. 308.
Sutton, H. — xxx. (Fine Art Court),
105
Sutton, J. & Sons.— III. 112
Sutton, J. A.— United Staten, 430
Svalling, F. — Sweden and Norway, 1 1
Swaab, S. L.— Netherlands, 50
Swain, T.— v. 976; xxx. (Fine Art
Court), 176
Swaiiie & Adrney. — xvi 92
Sivaine, E., see Swaine, J. &c.
Swauie, J. & E. & O).— xii. & xv. 41
Swainson & Dennys. — xviii. 21
Swaisland, C— xii. & xv. 283
Swales, see Boulton & Swales
Swallow, J. C— viii. 3U8
Swan & Edgar.— XIII. 1 1 ; xvill. 9
Swan, R. F.— ix. 80
Swan, T. F.— xvii. 155
Swansea Committee. — i. 473
Swanwick & Johnson. — xviil. 35
Swanzy, A. — Western Africa, 23
Sweden, the King of. — Sweden, 51
Swedish Iron Manufacturing Co. —
United States, 320o
Sweetman, J. — i. 40
Sweveghem, Embroidery workshop of. —
Belgium, 323
Swinbome, G. «ee SwinborneT. C. & G.
&Co.
Swiiiborne, T. C. & G. & Co.— iv. 1 19
Swinbanie, R. W.— xxiv. 4
WHOSE NAMES APPEAR IN THE CATALOGUE.
clxxxiii
Sc SuUivaii
II. — SwitierlaiKl,
lie Art Court),
workihnp of. —
orneT.C.&G.
It Co -IV. 119
V. 4
8wliihuni«, R. W. & Co.— xxiv. 84
Swillwiibaiik, J.— X. i7\
SwIm Manufacturer! of Silk Ribbom. —
Swilierlaiiil, Hi
Syhilio, — Home, 49
Syki't, Lieut..Cul.— India, xxvt.
Syke*. D. ft Co.— xii. & xr. 7ft
Syket and Ugden.— xii. tc xv. IIS
Sykei, Mary R.— XX 4S
Byket & Urothert— vi, 3
Syken & Sou.— xil. & XT. 34
8ylve«ter.— XXII. 102
8yroe% W.— xxii. 33.
Symington, R. B. ft Co.— xi. 14
Symingtun, W.— viu. 266
Symondi, K. — Van Diemeu'a Land,
243-253. 274-278
Siadeld, S.— xix. 388
Siegb, S.— Auitria, 10
Sient|ietenr, J. — Aiiitriit, 7'i9
Siolliui. C.— Auitria, 12
Siumrak, J. V. — Auitria, 4
Tabor, J. A.— v., 681
Talxiriii, P. if.— France, 1024
Tabourdeau, P.— France, 1496
Tacchii. l\ A., ft Co. — Zollverein (ft),
21
Taohy, A., ft Co.— France, 1497
Tack, W.,& Peliiaeiu.— Zollveieiii(l),
(i74
Taffinder.— x. S4
Taliaii, A. — France, 1956
Tailbouii, R.— France, 385
Tailbouif, Verdier, & Co. — France, 1025
Tailey, C. V Canada, 30
Tailey, V. P.— Canada, 50
Tailfer, J. B.— France, 1026
Tuilfer, J. U., & Co.— France, 386
Taillaiidier, L. H.— France, 387
Taillard, R. A., Brothers Switcerland,
267
Tuillet, V. —Belgium, 254
Tait, see Harveya ft Tait
Tttit, W. J,— xvn. 185
Talabot, L, & Co.— France, 1027
Tttlavera & Ezoaray, Manufncturing
Co. of tlie Guild*— Spain, 219
Talbot, B.— XXX. 349
Talbot, Brothers. —France, 1028
Talbot de Malahide, Lord.— i. 145
Tallermaii, Rebecca & Son. — xxvill. 70
Tailing, — i. 33
Tamaasia, L. — Austria, 97
Tambour-Ledoyen. — France, 388
Tamm, Baron. — Sweden & Norway, 6
Tandler, S.— Austria, 657
Taiin & Sons.- xxii. 607
Tannehill, see M'Alister & Tannehill.
Tanner, B.— Swilierland, 204
Tanner, C. D.— Hanover, 3
Tanner. J. U.— Switzerland, 205
Tanner & Koller.— Switzerland, 206
Tanner, T.— Zollverein (4), 51
Tanner, W.— x. 28 ; xxvi. 66
Taiinett, see Smith, Beacock, &c.
Taplin, R.— v. 5
Tapliiig, Brothers.— United States, 920
Tapperell & Innes. — xvn. 191
Taibutt, W,— xxviii. Ifj6
Tardif, E.— Belgium, 281
Tarin, M. L. A.— xix. 310 ; xxii. 544 ;
XXIV. 51
Tarragona, Board of Agriculture. —
Spain, 1 14
Tarragona Mines, Inspector of. — Spain, 2
Tarrant, A, — xvil. 43
Tartler, M.— Austria, 202
Toich, si'c Ilecker & Tasch
Tasker, H.— xxii. 20ft
Tasl>fi, J.— XXII.22I
Taakvr, W., xxii. 9)9
Tale.— xvn. 110
Tate^ r.— XXVIII. 162
Talbam, ««« Tilley. Tatham, ft«.
Tauber, F.— Austria, 276
Tauteiiitein ft Cordel— France, 1029
TauU, A.— Austria, CM
Taweli, S.— XIX. 13
Tawton, Mary.— xix. 391
Tayler, R.— xix. 24^
Taylor, see Davies ft Taylor ; Harrop,
Taylor, ft PeHrson; Sedgwick ft
Titylor; Yates ft Taylor
Taylor, A , see Taylor, C. ft A.
Taylor, B. — xxviil. 47
Taylor ft Beales.— XX. 197
Taylor ft Bowley.— xvi. 181} (Main
Avenue, West)
Taylor, Brothers.— xxii. 211
Taylor, C. ft A.— xxviii. 113
Taylor ft Co.— xx. 127
Taylor, D.— xix. 234
Taylor, R.— vi. 72
Taylor, F.— viii. 197 } xxx. (Sculpture
Court), 42
Taylor, U.— IX. 139 j x. 127a
Taylor, U. B.— x. 740
Taylor, H.— vn. 194 ; xxn. 129
Taylor, Humphrey, ft Co.— xxix. 9
Tavlor, H. P., ft W. C— United
States, 292.
Taylor, J.— i. 201. 448; vi.51 ; x.
350 ; XII. ft XV. 88 ; xxn. 622. 662 ;
India, vi. ; New Zealand, 11
Taylor, Janet. — viii. 105
Taylor, John.— i. 474
Taylor, J. W.— vn. 219
Taylor, R.— i. 434, 451
Taylor, 8.— xxn. 251
Taylor ft Son.— in. 77 ; vi. 23 ; xn. ft
XV. Ill ; xxn. 682 (North Tran-
sept); XXVI. 9
Taylor, J. & Sons.— xxn. 682 (South
Transept)
Taylor ft Sons.— xn. ft xv. 163
Taylor, T.— x. 466. 672 ; xvi. 269, 318
Taylor, T. E.— New Zealand, 33
Taylor, T. G.— in. 45
Taylor, W.— vi. 136. 2 14 ; xxn. 359
Toylor.W. C. see Taylor. H. P. ft W . C.
Taylor, W. G.— xx. 3
Tcharti-Obdool-Ogli— Ruuia, 186
Tcliertchy of Beirout. — Turkey
Tchetverikotr.— Russia, 187
Tchmiloff.— Russia, 188
TchupiatofT, T.— Russia. 315
Teagle, R. & W.— Western end. South
enclosure (Outside), 3 ; vn. 217
Teagle, W. see Teagle, R. ft W.
Teasdel, W.— vn. 44 ; viii. 136
Tebay, J.— v. 436
Tebbitt, W.— IV. Ill
Tebbutt, C. P.— IX. 186
Technological Institute — Tuscany, 1. 98
Tedjoom-Beck-Melik-Sbah-Nazaroff.—
Russia, 206
Tee&Soii.— XIV.37
Teger & Co.— Spain, 51
Teichman, C— Zollverein (1), 693
Teil, Messrs.- India, xvi.
Teillard, C. M.— France, 1030
Teissier Du Cros, — France, 1031
Tellier.— France, 3S9
Temple, Emily. — xxix. 61
Templetoii, J. & Co.— xix. 315
Templetrine Industrial School. — xx.
1?7a
Temsounet,0.,&Darte(.-~Belgium,394
Teiinaiit, J.— i. 14. 199. 916 ; xxvu.
37,38
Teiiiiant, M. B.— n. 101 1 T. 564
Tennanla, (!. ft Co.— i. 71 ; ii. 7
Temient, Mrs. R. N.— xxx. (Fine Art
Court), 27S
Tennisiin, Mrs. M. A.— xix. 313
Teungaihasea, P.— Canada, 97
Ternero, J.— Spain, 68
de Moi
1408
Teiraiion de Hoiilleau, J. A.— France,
TerrMt, R.— v. 126
Terrier, J. ft Co.— France, 1032
Tenin, J. B. ft Co.— Belgium, 2441-
250
Terry, R. ft Son.— xxn. 69U
Teschemaoher, K. F.— I. 41
Teichenmacher ft Kattenbuscb.— Zoll*
verein(l), 492
Tessada, F.— Sardinia, 49
Tessler, C. L.— Zollverein (1), 41
Tessler. D. F.— Zollverein (1), 40
Testa,F.— Malta, 33
Testa, 8.— Malta, 30
Telley, Mrs.— xn. ft xv. 172
Tetu, C. A.— Caaaila, 109
TeUiier, G.— Austria, 199
Teubner, C— Zollverein (3), VSOa
Teubiier ft Co.— Zollverein (3), 163
Teuilmayer, C— Austria, 494
Teuflineyer, J. — Austria, 964
Teutenberg, L.— Zollverein (1), 678
Tew, H. S.— United States, 320v
Texier, T.jun.— France, 1033
Texier, V.— France, 1034
Thackeray, J. ft Sun.— Belgium, 318.
Thackeray, J. ft Sons. — xi. 27
1'haer, A. P.— Zollverein (1), 23
Thalwitzer, M.— South Africa, 3. 27
Thames Plate-Glass Works.— xxTi. 399.
(Main Avenue, West)
Thames Royal Yacht Club. — viii.
294
Thatcher, see Learned ft Thatoher
Thayer, E. B.— United Slates, 422
Theed, W.— xxx. (Sculpture Court),
13. M. '9
Thei;, ' - ranee, 1035
Theisz, 8. — Austria, ld2A
Th^nard — vn. 13
Theobak, J.— vn. 147
Theodor, see Bauer, Theodor, ft Co.
Tlico''orshalle, Salt Works at.— Zoll-
verein (6), 5
Thesen, J. P. — Sweden ft Norway, 44
Theret, J.— France, 1499
Theunissen, J. — Netherlands, 39
Thevenet, Raffin, & Roux. — France,
1500
Thevenot, Etieime.— France, 1G3G
Thewald, see Mueleobach ft Thewald
ThiUn-Accou.— Belgium, 220
Tliibau, S.— Belgium, 292
Thibaud-Dallet, Emile.- France, 1501
Thibault Boiiesve, H.— France, loU2
Thibert ft Adam.— France, 1037
Thibierge. — France, 699
Thiele, see Joline & Thiele
Thiele, jun.— Hamburgh, 109
Tliieme-Widtmarkter and Pueschel.—
Zollverein (3), 4
Thiemke, A. F.— Zollverein (1), 72
Thier.— France, 1505
Thierry, C. A.— France, 391
Thierry, J.— France, 1038
Thierry, Mieg.— France, 1506
1'hinks, see Krumbholz & Thinks
Thistletliwayte, H. F.— I. 24
Thoeglen, G.— Zollverein (1), 91
Thollou.— France, 1701
clxxxiv
INDEX OF EXIIIUITORS AND OTHERS
Thorn, J.— VI. 71.
Thomiir, Count— PiirluKal. 1231
TliDina*, «M Cuwtll & Th«)iniu
Tliotnu, Brother*.— Kraiiee, 1010
TbiimM, C— XVI. 76) Zullv. (I), 671
ThomM, C. X. FraiiM, 3U0
I'liomai, E,— VI. 206
Tluimu, H.— ZuUvcrciii (I), A7
Tliomu, J.— XXVI. 276; xxvii. 22)
XXX. (Sculpture Oiutl), \i
Tliomai, John.- Page 8)3 ; xxil. 237 ;
XXVI. Hi. 276) XXX. (Fine Art
Court), 2.1)A
Tltomiii, J. K.— Page 853 ) xxx.(8cu1p-
ture Court), 7
Thomuf, J. T.— I. 419
Tliomae, L.— Auatria, 196
Tliomai, H.— XXII. 398 ; xxvi. Bay I.
22
Ttiomoi & Son.— XVI. 2 1 1
Tlioma* & SuiM. — xvii. 4-1
TlioiuM, V\'.— XII. & XV. 493) XXVI.
270
Tlioiiiu, W. & Brotliere— XX. 4fl
Thomaion, «ee llillianl & Tliomiunn
Tliomerel, mw Pniiitat, Miitrot, &c,
Tliompioii— «fe Kitioii, Tliuinpwn, &c.;
liatteiay & Tlion)|Mou
Thompiun, P.— xxii. 8US
Thomptoii, P., jun.— VII. 112
Tlioni|woii, F. II.— XXIII. 23
Thomiwon, O.— ix.' lOJ
Thom|«on, H.— xxix. 200
Tliompaon, II. A.— ix. 248d
Thomiiion, J. — I. 7.'; viii. I36| x.
363
Tiiompson, J. & Co.— xx. 192
Tliompson, J. B. — Penia, 3
Ttioinpmn, J. T.— Biihauiaf
Tliumpeoii, Miu. — Auttrin, 747
Tliompioii, R.— United Statei, 26
Tliompiun, S.— xvi. 130
Thompion & Son.— xx, 02
ThomiMon, S. L.— United State*, 238
Thompaon, T. — vill. 60 ; Cunadu, 99
TliomiMon, J. B. — Penia
Thomiwon, T. H.— xxii. 705
Tliomp*on, T. J. — xxx. (Fine Art
Court), 343
Tiiompson, T. Perronet, M.P.— X. 52j.
.559
Tliomp'on, W.— VI. 503
Thompion, VV. M.— Uniteil State*, 224
Thompson & Worthy.— xxvi. 134
ThomiMiin, Rev. Z.~Uuiled State*, 241
Thorn*, P. P.— Cliina
Tliomsen, M. — Denmark, 9
Thomson, see Blncklmrn & Thomson;
Laird & Tliomsun ; Itos* & Tliomaon
Thomson, A.— x. 80
Thomson, Brotliers, & Son.— xvni. 25
Thomson, G.— V. 97S; Sjuth Africa, 13
Thomson, H.— x. 590
Thomson, see Gregory, Thomwn, & Co.
Thomson, J. — XXX. (Fine Art Court),
'230 ; Van Diemen's Land, 344
Thomson, J. & Son.— xi. 13
Thomson, R. W.— v. 908
Thomson, W.— Vl. 430; xn. & xv.
229
Thomson, Woo<l, 8c Co.— xxiv. 26
Thomson, Younger, & Co. — vi. 623
Tlionet, J.— Belgium, 144
Thonet, M.— Austria, 641
Thonnart, L.— Belgium, 373
Thorel, H.— France, 1041
Thorn & Co.— xxvi. I ; xxvm. 86
Thorn, V., see Thorn, VV. & F.
Thorn, W.&F.-v. 979
Thome, W.-i, 475
Thorneloe, C— x. 43
Thorneycnin, O. B. & Co.— V. 630
Thorneycroft, Mr*.— xxv. 2
Thornhill, J.-xxvii. 48
Thornhill, VV.— xxi. 2; xxiii. 40
Tlioriithwait*. — wt Ilonie,Thoriilhwaile,
&o.
Thornton.— V. 490
Thornton, D.— ix. 211
Thornton, I'irth, & Ram*d«n.— xil. &
XV. 32
Thornton, France*.— United State*, 227
Thornton ftSoiM.-v. 490
Tliornycroft, Mary, *«• Tliornycroft, T.
& Mary
Thornycroft, T. tc Mary.— XXX. (Scul|>-
ture Court), 31. 63 ; page 833
Thoumin, A. — France, tj9U
Thouret. F. A.— France, 1702
Tlireadwin, C. K.— XIX. 53
Threlkelil.— Canada, 160
Thre*her & Glenny.— XX. 70
Thriscntt, C.-l. 94
Throgmorton, Sir J. — xx. 166
Thronhem 8i Co.- XVII. IRl
Thrupp, C. J. -V. 982
Tlirnpp, F. — XXX. (Sculpture Court),
30. 56 38
Thrupp, II. J.— XXII. 670
Thnijmer Si Toeptfer.— Zollv. (3), 90
Thueiigen, F. T.— Zollverein (3> 32
Thum, A. — Austria, 197
Thnn. Count F. -Austria, 67
Thnnlwrg, C. — Swetlen Si Norway, II
Thurman, Piggotf, 8i Co, — xx. 02
Thurnsclieh, Count U. Von. — Austria,
419
Thunieisen.— Switierland. 1 82
Thurston & Co.^xxvi. 17
Thwttites, A. & H., & Co.— xxix. 10.)
Thwaite*, Mary.— xix. 317
Thwaile*, R., sco Thwaite*, A. & R.
&Co.
Thywinen Brother*.— Zollv.( I), 375
Tial, J.— Austria, 307
Tililts.— Van Demen's Land, 234
Til)erghien, L.J. — Belgium, 401
Tidcomhe, G,— vi. 1(18
Tidmarsh, It. — v. 707; xxiX. HI
Tiede, F.— Zollverein (1), 78
Tielsch, Carl & to.— Z >llv. (1), 219
'lilTe, A.— Austria, 69-'
Tiflereau, T.— France, 1(142
Tillis, Government of. — Russia, 119
Tilbury, J.— v. 984
Tildesley — see Carpenter & Tildesley
Till, see Bremner & Till
Till & Son.— XXV. 20
Tillancourt, E. Dc— France, 697
Til ley & Co., sec Sliaiid & Mason
Til ley, Lieut.— IV. 5a
Tilling, K.— XXVI. HI
Tillinghast, J. B.— United States, 27
Tilman. — France, 698
Timaeus. see Jordan Si Timaeui
Timinins & Sous. —XXII. 312
Tindall, K. O. D. L.— xxii. 512
Tinlot, M.— Belgium. 152
Tinsley, J., & Co.-xx. \^2
Tipler, T. W.— vii. 92
Tippen, J.— xxii. 412
Tipping Si Lawden. — vill. 247
Tisdale, B.— xvi. 68
Tisseraiit, see \ invent & Tisserant
Tite, W. — XXX. (Fine Art Court),
182
Titley, Tatham, & Walker.— xiv. 31
Tiltemiire, 6.— Canada, 36
Titterton.— X. 727a
Ti lertou, G.— xxviii. 53
Tliiard, W. L.— vi. 030
Tlumaci Heelrool Sugar Manufactory.
—Austria, 60
Toiler, J.— Austria, 691
Tolwy.J.D.— XXIV.8I
Tubia* & (.'o.— X. 78
Tohin.— XXX. (Fine Ait Court), 171
Tobit, J. H.— Unitwl Slates, 394
Toby Si Son.— IX. 210
Tod, D.— X. 589
Toild, C— VII. 62
Totld, J.— XVII. 1 19
Todi, A.— Zollverein, (I), 171
Tueper, see Thuemer Si Tu«|ier
Tojal, Count de.— Portugal, 087A-989
Tolan W.-i. 22
Toledo, Royal Ordnance. — Spain, 266
Tullenaen, Tlier«*a.— Belgium, 330
Toilet, O— XX. 151
Tolputt, W. U.— X. 382
Tolson Si Son*.— XII. Si XV. 1 16
Tolstoy, Count.— Russia, 328
Tomascliits, J. — Austria, 473
Toina*iiii, D.— xxvi. 176
Toniassia, L. — Austria, 97
Tombelle, L, K. — Belgium, 12
Tombs, K.— XIX. 297
Tomkiti*. see Harri* Si Tomkini
Tomlin Si Co xxi. 38
Tomlin, W.— xvi. 22
Tomlinson, see Wood & Tomliiison
Tomlingon, J.— xxvii.79
Tom|Mon, L.— xxvii. 100
Tom* & Liiscoinbe.— XXVI. 178
Toms, G. B. & Co. — VI. 457; France,
1448
Toms, J.— XXIV. 71
Tomsk, Imperial Work*. — Russia, 18
Toiige, Mis* K.— XXVI. 128
Tonkin, J. — xxii. 58
Tonks, sea Neal & Toi.ks
Tonks&Son.— XXII. 361
Tonna, J. — Malta, I
Tonti, L. — Tuscany, 102
Toolal & llrowne.— Page 833 ; x. 70a
Tooth, K. — Van Diemeii'* Land, 47,
169. 171
Topli*, see Dockland & Topli*
Topli* & Sons.— xxviii. 134
T'tpp, A. L.— Denmark, 3
T6p|ier, A, — Austria, 41 1
Topping, C, M X. 667
Tordeux. — France, 609
Torge, M. J.— Portugal, 953
Torres, M. M. — S|)aiii, 07
Torres Nova* .Spinning Co. — Porluial.
6.58-682
Tostrup.— Sweden & Norway, 41. 46
Touaillon, C— France, 130a
Touche, G. E.— Belgium, 434
1'oiiliakoir, Urollier*. — Russia, 316
Toulza, F.— France, 1043
Tourangean, P. — Canada, 08
Toiirev, H.— Belgium, 133
Tourey, Piofcssur.— United States, 160
Tuurnai Siivonnerie, lioyul Cariiet Ma
iiufactury. — lielgiiim, 297
Toiirneur. — France, 1509
Tuus.<aint, E. N.— France, 404
Tovell, (J. H.— VIII. 37
Tower of London. — viii. J71
Towler, Campin, Si Co.— xil. & xv.
286. 309
Towler, K — Western end, Sjuth enclo-
sure (Outside), 27
Towiie, J.— X. 629
Towneiid, Brother*.— xii. & xv. 162
Towiiend, S.— xii. & xv. 175
Townley, R.— xxiii. I.i5
Towiiley, VV.— vii. 39
WHOSE NAMES APPEAR IN THE CATALOGUE.
clxxxv
S.mfh enclo-
Titwiii k Packer.— X. 491.
Tiiwiii, W.-x. 327
TiiwiiMiiil, n.— Wciterii Africa, 11,13
TuwiiMiid, J.— VIII. 243
TowiiNiitl, Parker, & TowiiMiid. — xxvi.
318
Tuwiiwnil, R.— I. 186
Tiiwiwhend, J. K.— xxvi. 2a
Towr, T.— XXII. 390
Trail, A.— VIII. 191
Train, II.— Ikl|{ium, IG7
Trancart, A. A.— rranee, 303
TraiiKott, let Krtcl, Traiigolt, & Soni
Trapnell &Son.— xxvi. 312a
?ra|ip, «M Sctiwarti, Trapii, & Co.
rappmanii & Spita.— Zullv. (I), 664
Traugiilt, Mantle, h Sous.— Zollverein
(I). Ill
Traiitwein, T.— Zollvereiu (I), IfiS
Travagliiiii, J. A. — NellierlanUn, 48
Travaiicore, Kajali uf.— India, iv.
Traveri, P. L.— France, 1 044
Treodwin, C. E.— xix. ii
Trelieck, T. F.— xxix. 200
Tredwen, K.— vill. S9. 130
Tree & Co.— x. 3.'4
Trerie, T.— Uiiileil Statei, 169
Treggon, H. & W.— xxii. .^.^
Treggon, W., f«« Treg^tiui, H. & W.
Treginw, R.— xxix. 1R9
Treibmann,C. II.— Zullverein(3), I9S.
170
Treliiar, T.— xxvin. 39
'Prelon, Weldoii, & Weil.— France, 700
Tremaux, P.— France, 391
Tremlilay, A. dn. — Frunce, 395
Treniel, A. & Co.— xii. & XV. 147
Tremlett, R.— x. 163
Trenclmrd, T. J.— I53a.
Trendela & Sun.— Zollverein (2), 41
Trenliolm, K. — Canaila, f>4
Trenkler, A. & Soni.— Auitria, !234
Trenner, J. — Auilria, <!63
Trt-nor, T.— Spain, 210
Trent, E. W.— iv. 41
Trentanove, A. — xxx. (Fine Arl Cuuit),
3:n ; Rumr 31, il
Trenlun Iron ComiNiny. — United Slates.
167
Treptow Royal Remonnting Depot
(Pomeraniu). — Zollverein (I), 2i
Tretcliow. — Sweden & Norway, 36
Treicott', Heiri of. — liuuia, 74
Tretiie, T.— I. 4t>4
Treskotl'.- Rutaiu, 43
Tress & Co.— XX. 102
Trevelliick.- v. 513
Triandapliylos. — Greece, 50
Tricot, Brother!.— France, 396
Tricker, U.— United States, 577
Trieberf, F.— France, 1510
Trigenca, R.— vili. 3U6
Trinius & Sons.— Zollverein (.1), 49
Tiinks, K.— Zollverein (3), 98
Trilsciieiler, set Faller & Trilsclieller
Tiix, T.-ii. 125
Troccon, A. — France, 151 1
Troeglen, G.— Zollverein (4), 91
Tmeltsch & Haiiselmanii. — Zollverein
(2), 59
Trollope, Rose.- XIX. 320
TroUope & Sons.— XXVI. 162; Bay,M.
21
Tronchon, N. — Fiance, 1512
Trooit, F., see Trooit, C. & F.
Truostrnlierglie, Van. — Helgium, 264
Trost, C. &F.— Zollverein (1), 601
Trotnian, J.— United Stales, 2(17
Trotnmn, 8.— VII. 15) ; x. 698; xxx.
(Fine .Vrt Court), Hi
Trolle, H.— France, 701
Trotter, t'apt. II. D.— WceUni Africa, 5
Trotter, W.-ix. 145
Trougliton k Simint. — x. 74 (Main
Avenue, Wett)
Tronillier, J.— France, 466
Trou|ieau, C. M.— France, 1703
Tronpin, J. H. k J. P. Vervier^— Del-
ginm, 128
Troiive. A.— France, 1513
Trouve-Cutivel, k Co. — France, 702
1'rubiu, Royal Unlnaiice.— Spain, 280
True— France, 703
Trucliy, see Vau^eoi* k Truehy
Trncliy, K.— France, 1045
Trueba y Campo. — Siwin, 253a
TrueAti, ».— xxx. (Fnie Art Court), 75
Trueflit, H. P.-xxviii.62
TrueHtt, W.— xxviii. 65
Trneidale, Jacobt, k Co.— Unita<l
States, 494
Trulock k Son.— viii. 222
Truman, K.—x. 720
Truman, Haribury, & Ruxton,— ll. 91
Triimiielmann, A —Zollverein (I), 789
Trundle, Mri.— xxx. 73
Trnro Local Committee.— i. 467, 468;
III. 71
Trnsiott, C— I. 104
Truicoft, J.— vin. 289
Trntor, II. A. O.— South Africa, 8
Taclioerner, J., jini, — Austria, 235
Tuchoni & nurgel.- Zollverein (I), 130
Tiitzimliukos, A. — Greece, 13
Tubl>errer, see Ixtngdon k Tubberrer
Tu(ik, J. II.— v. 200
Tucker, E.— iv. 124; lee Arliw k
Tucker
Tucker, E.— Ill 122
Tucker, F. & Co. -xxn. 700 ; xxvi.
536
Tucker, J. T.— XXIII. 10
Tucker, It. G.— in. 121
Tucker, T. — xix. 1
Tucker, T. & 0>.— xiv. 73
Tucker, W. H.-xxil, 668a.
Tuckerman, E. G.— United Statei, 117,
229, 333
Tuckers, sec Baker, Tuckers, k Co.
Tuckey, R.— vil. lol
Tudela, Economical Society of. — .Spain,
227
Tudot.— France, 397
Tudibury, R.— x. 704
Tuerlinckz, J. — Rome, 456 (Main Ave-
nue, East)
Tull, SCO Hiikey & TuU
Tull, 8 —XIV. 69
Tulloch, A.— II. 21
Tullock, J.— XXVII. 17
Tulon.— France. 398
Tunuberg Cobalt Works Sweden k
Norway, 9
Tunis, His Highness Mushir Pacha, Bey
of.— Tunis
Tunstttll & Williams.— V. 1000
Tnph, J — United States, 383
Tupling, J. — III. 20
Tupper, M. F.— xvii. 169
Topper & Carr. — xxil. 550
Turl)eville, Smith, Boyle, k Co. — xxx.
318
Tiircliini, L. — Tuscany, 55
Turk, Widow.— Zollverein (1), 636
Turley, R.— XXVI. 138
Tnrnbiill, K.— viii. 154
Turnbull, J., see Turnbull, J. L. & J.
Tnrnbull, J. L. & J.— xvii. 45
Turnbull, H. — viii. 153
Turnbull, T.— xxviii. 98
Tnrnbull. W.-x. 500*
Tnmell, J.— XXVI. 317
Turner.— XII. & xv. 163 ; IM also Han -
mond. Turner, k Sons; Sturdy Ik
Turner ; Wyburu, Mellar, k Turner
Turner, Agnes.— xix. 322
Turner k Co —xxvi. 320
Turner, K.— Wetlaru end. North sida
(Outside), 54
Ti rnsr, K. R.— IX. 183
Turner, E. W. K.— v. 428 ; XXII. 520
Turner, O.— Vlll. 136
Turner, H. k W.~xxii. 174
Turner, J.— XXVII. 62 '
Tunxr, H.— VII. 7
Tnri.f, 8.— I. 223
Turner. T.— United Slates, 425
Turner, T. k Co.— xxii. 117
Turner, W., •«« Turner, 11. * W
Turpin, F. A.— France, 1046
Turrill, J.— xxix. 52
Turton k Sons.— XXII. 190
Tuscany, Grand Duke of.— Tuscany,
53,54.95. Ill
Tuscany Melallurgio Society. — Tus-
cany, 14
Tuscany Royal Manufactory. — Tns-
cany. 111
Tustian, J.— ll. 97
Tustian k Usher.— II. OR
Tutein, F, — Denmark, 28
Tutlun, J.— VII. 118
Tuvee & Co. — France, "04
Toxford k Son*.— ix. 271
Tweedale & Sons.— xil. & xv. 4
Tweeddale, Marquis uf.— IX. 42
Tweeddsle, N.— New South Wales
Tweltidge, —xxx (F' leArtCt.), 102
Twentyman, tee fieimoch, Twentyman,
&c.
Twiliell, see Day & Twibell
Twigg,G.&W.- XXII. 279
Twigg, W., see Twigg, G. k W
Twining, — China
Twyman,H.— VIII. 148
Tye, O. P.— XXII. 314
Tylden, Caiitain.- viii. 275
Tyler, see Venables, Wilson, &c.
Tyler, H. k Co.— VI. fi05
Tyler, J. E.— United Slates, 591
Tyler. J. T.. see Ashmead & Tvler
Tyler, P. B.— United States, 597
Tylor k Pace.— xxn. 63
Tylor k Son.— vi. fc06 ; xxn. 401
Tyree, Brothers.— x. 299
Tyrrel, Prof. J.— New Zealand, I, 28
Tyson, 1.— IX. 215a
Tytherleigh, W.— 1X.2I2
Tyzack,W.V.— XVI. 264
Tysacks, J.— xxi. 22
Tiitschke, J. T.— Zollverein (1), 258
Ubardean, S.— Canada, 60
Ulierv, St.— France, 1 495
IJbrici, R. W.— United States, 239
Uddeholm's Co.— Sweden, 117
Uechlriti k Faisf.— Zollverein (4), 68
Uechtrili, L.— Zollverein (I), 21
Ueltijchi, J. — Switzerland, 2j6
Uhlhorn, C. k G.— Zollverein (I), 475
Uhlhorn, H.— Zollverein (1), 476
llhlig'8 Widow & Junker.— Zoll. (3),
155
Ulhman, see Baron & Ulhman
Uhlman, K. W.— Netherlands, 85
Ulilmaiin, see Koestrr & Uhlmann
Uhhnann, J. — Austria, 155
Uldmiler, F. — Sweden & Norway, II
Ullothornes & Longstafls.— xiv. 66
clxsxvl
INDRX OK KXIIIHITORH AND OTIIKRS
l/IUnlwrf* SRhiiliiUr.-Zull. (I),3M
UlUmiur? I>*l«nl Flu K«itiiig Kttok-
lifhrnaiit.— A>Mlr<a, U6
t'llmam, llinohhuia, ftCo.— Zull. (3),
60, IftO
irilmw, R. A W.-TI. 131
Ullrieh. J.-Zollvcrein (I), 403
llllriehr, A. jiin. — Auiitiii, I'M
UlvtntiHi Milling Coiii|niiir. — I, •lilO
UniUiiif, Auk. -HainliiirKK ^^
UnilerwiNMl, im Hill* St IliwUrwuod
UiKliirwiNHl, U. H.— III. ti
UmlerwiMNl, T.— VI. 103 1 xxx. (PiiM
ArtCrt.jr;
UnderwiMx), W. — III. A XV. 501 t
xviii. 2'i I XIX. 40J
Uiigtr, C. G.- Zall»tra!ii (3), 146
UiiKcrtr, C— Zollv«r«iti, I. 'Ml
Unwiii k Roger*,— XXII. ISO
Uiiwiii, W.-xxii. 1711
Unwiii.W.H.— xxx.(FiiMArtCrt.),22
I'liivilig, F.— Aiitiria, 501
UnKlmaiin.— Zollvcrfiii (\), MB
UiHlPKranr, Dr. J. -UiiiteU Hiatu*, i 16
U|iHII,K.-ix. 277
U|iliani,Appletuii,& C.'u. — United StitiM,
4U:i
Uiiliill, Mary Ann.— xix. 3J3
Upiifleld, W. -Unitrii Stain, 470
Uracil, Linen Yam, Maniifactury of. —
(Wurtambiirg), Zollvarain (4), 3 J
Urlian, A.— Zollverciii (I), 7H
UrIIng, O. F. -XIX. 19
Urimanii, ««« KiWitar & Urlinaiin
tUlier, <M Tiutian & Ualiar
U.lier, J.— IX. 123a
Dilivr, R.— Uiiilad States, 379
Uiluiiton & Petera.— XXIX. \Ti
llirecht Co., Patent xix. 36}
Uwina, T.— XXX. (Fine Art Court) 87
Vaccani, tee Nieticliinann & Vaeeaui
>'aulioii. Son, & Co. —France, 7UJ
Vaconiuf, J. J. — Ziillvereiii (i), 16
Vacottin, Boiiet, It Fournier. — Frauce,
1082
Valant, P. T.— 1616
Valdanaot. — France, 1M4
ValiUtaro, J. — Sardinia, 81
Valencia, Uuarduf Agriculture. — Spain,
173. 209
Valeiitot, tee Martel, GeofTrajr, &c.
Valentine, Dr. — Van Diemen'i Land,
182
Valerio, G. C. & Brotben— Portugal,
798-804
Valerius, D. — Belgium, 172
Valerius, P.— France, 706
Valerius-Jouan, C — Belgium, 462
Vales, C— France, 707
Valgoma, F. A.-Spa:.., 93
Valin, J.— France, 709
Vitllance, J.— xxvii. 40
Vallance, P.— v. 127
Vulle, Delia, Brothers.— Tuscany, 114
Vulinalil, see Darvien, Valmald, & Co.
Valtat & Riiiiille.— France, 700
Valpy, Mrs. — Jersey & Guernsey, 40
Vancampenboudi, C. & Co. — Belgium,
436
Van Diemen's Land Royal Society,
Council of the. — Van Diemen's Land,
345
Vaiiden, Abeele; — Belgium, 92
Vuiiden Klst, F. — Belgium, 46
Vundt-nbos-Poelman. — Belgium, 274
A'aiKlen Porre, J. — Belgium, 44
Vaiidenliergbe, J. —Belgium, 262
Vanilenbroucke, B. — Francf, 7 1 1
Voiidenlurpel & Sou.— France, 712
VandrrliaeKeii, Vau Uverluup. — Bel-
gium, 3li
VaniWrliei'lili*. — Belgium, 476
VMMleroaaier, J.— Belgium, 366
Vaiideikelen, U.— Belgium, 3M
Vaiiilermaelen. P.- Belgium, 437
Vaiidennaersrlie, C— llelgiuin, 4AS
Vaiiaerouat, M.- Belgium, 4'.'7
Vandersmitsen, P.— Belgium, 3IA
Vanderstraelen, A. AC— Belgium, 206
VaiidestiMlen, F. -Belgium, 84
VMuierin, F.— Belgium, IJO
Vangenecblen, see Ulenitson U ('o,
Vangeeleniyen, C— Belgium, 480
Vaimool, J. F.— Belgium, 464
Vanhulle, H. J.— Belgium, 453
Vaniuk<>ir,T.-Riis*ia, II.', 113
Vanner tc 8un.- xiii. 28
Vatuii, A.— SSollvetriii (i), 31
VaniHid, J. Hwitserland, 60
Vanslraelrii, J.~Belgium, 3110
Vantillaril & Co. -France, 1517
VantroyeiiAc Mallet.— France, 716
Van-n, A Huasia, 363
Vargoiiiiin, Brullivrs, -Russia, 260.302
Varliovsoir, T.— I.tissia, 308
VarWy &S.>n.-x. 257
Varnish, E. & Co.— xxiv. 27
Varrall, Middleton, & Elwell.— Frauce,
717
Vastiuet, V. -Siiaiii, 133
Vassal. Russia, 122
Vasse de St. Ouen.— France, 716
Vassel & Co. -Znllvereiii (1), 186
Vaaselburu Maniil'ucturing (kim|iaiiy. —
(Maine), United States, 324
Valer, F. -Austria, 502
Vatiii, jiin. & Co. -France, 1704
Vauclier, C— Svrilierland , 2R
Vauoher, l)u Pasquier & Co. — Switier-
land, 36
Vaucber-Picard. — France, 710
Vaugeols & Truchy.— Frauce, 718
Vaugbaii, O — vi. 242
Vaughan, G. H.— xxil. 619
Vaiigbiui, J.— XXVII. 20
Vaughan, W.— vii. 139
Vavaseur, see Carter, Vavaseur, 8k.
Vai, A. P. F.- Portugal, 6b0
Vasquez, J. — Spain, \3iia
Veale, see Widdowsun &Veala
Veclite, A.— XXIII. 97
Vecbie, Gayninl & Yon. — France, 746
Vedrin, Suci£U' de (Namur). — Belgium,
17
Vedy, F.— France, 719
Veevers, Mrs. — xix. 324
Vegetable Kingdom, Sectional Com-
mittee on.— IV. 40
Vegiii, Professor A. — Tuscany, 13
Veiel & Co.— Zullveruiii (4), 46
Veiasiere, A. — France, 720
Veitch, J.— X. 6
Vellmgen, W. R.— SSoUverein (1), 510
Veliii, Brotliers. — France, 721
Vella, Paolo, & Co.— Malta, 15
Ven, P. C. Van der. — Netherlands, 44
Venables, Wilson, & Tyler.— xvn.
149
Venator, see loiighaus & Venator
Vennemann, see Lingerbunk, &o.
Venner, J. — Canada, 327
Ventujul & Cliassang.— France, 1384
Ventura, A. B.-x. 18
Verlieek, P. P.— Belgium, 113
Verlierckt, H.— Belgium, 470
VeibisI, B.— Belgium, 162
Vercauleren, J. L. — Belgium, 82
Vercruysie, Brothers. — Belgium, 91
Vercruysse, F. — Belgium, 213
Verden k Co.- Huasia, 30
Verdet&Co. Frsnoe, 1519
Verilier, see TaillioMit, Vefdier, h Co.
Verdure, B. C- llelgium, 800
Veie, U. H.-xxii 31
Vercin, Landwirthschaftlicher. — ZuU-
verein (I). 700
Veret, J.— ««ita«rlaiid, 323
Verge, A. sen. - France, 722
Verbaaselt, D'Oiilireleimil, F. — Bel-
gium, 179
Verlieim, J.— Hamburgh, 88
Vetlielsl, F.— Relgitini, 102
Verheyden, K, — Belgium, 40
Verhulsl, C. k Co.— Belgium. '280
Vcrhulsl, De Ronge, k Co.— ilelgtum,
343
Verkhne Barantoliliiiik, Imperial Iron
Wiirksof.— Russia, II
Verkhne T»urinsk,lm|ierial Iron Worki
of.— Russia, 12
Vernon, iiv McNiohoU k Veriieii
Venium, see Want k Veriium
Verreyt.J.— Belgium, 290
Verrier, F.— Algeria, 67
Vvrriesi, P.— Belgium. 2 14
Verrinder, J. — xxvi. 217
Verschaeve, L. — Belgium, 79
Versnel, J. 8.— Netherlands, 106
\'erstu«n, L. N.— France, I7*)5
Versteeveti, si-e Dtiuru, Van, k Ver>
steeven
Verstraete, Brothers. — Franre, 723
Verttraeten, K.— Belgium, lUR *
Vertu, Urutliers.— Sardinia, 28
Verviers, J. P. tee Truupiii, J, H. ko.
Verviers, Kstablislimeiit of St. Juncpb. —
Belgium, 322
Versa, Brotliers (late Carlo Versa). —
Austria, 67a
Vena, Carlo, sue Versa, Brother*
VesoOVchikoir, M.— Ruuin, 173
Velter & Knio,— Zollvereiii (4), 74
\'eiey, E. soo Vesey, It. k E.
Veiey, R. & E.— v. 088
Vetfel, see Slitange k Veafel
Vexiin, Brothers. — France, 1620
Viard, L.— FrBiice, IWl
Viaiill-Kste. — France, 726
Viberg, A. P. — Sweden & Norway, 14
Vibert, 8, — Jersey k Guernsey, 15
Viccars, R.— xix. 235
Vick, H.— XVI. 70. 267
Vickerinan k Beaumont. — xn. k xv.
102
Vickers, see Naylor, Vickers, k Co. ;
Simpson, Humjihrey, k Co.
Vickers, W.— xix. 33
Vickers, W. K.— vill. 8
Victoria Asylum fur the Blind (New
castle-u|ion-Tyne).— XIX. 284
Victoria Felt Cariiet Co.— xix. 327
Victory, J.— VI. 67
Videciiq k Simon.— France, 1706
Videl, R.— France, 727
Vidie.— V. 160
Vie. J.— France, 726
ViehliaeuMr, G. — Zollverein, 4, 103
Viebofen Mirror Manufactory, — Aus-
tria, 683
Vieille Montague Zinc Mining Co.,
Liege.— 1. 437 (Main Aveinie, East) ;
Belgium, 26; France, 1018
Vieira, H. T.— Portugal, 1232
Vieira, M. I.— Portugal, 1231, 1296
Viel.— France, 1047
Vielborsky, Count M. — Russia, 44
Vienna Depot of the Imiierial Iron
Mine* and Iron Work*.— Austria, '2,
408
WIIOHK NAMK8 API'KAR IN TIIK CATAI.OUUK.
clxxxvii
ftliolxr.— Zulu
Vifiimi Imptrlul Millturv Ut0grs|iliical
liMtiliiti'.- Auitriit, So.'l
Viniii* Iinp«ri»l I'ltlyttpcliuio Iiiditiil*
Mtcliitiiical Deimrlinciil. — Auilrla,
130
VlrniMlmiitrMil Purctlstii Mannfaotury.
— Au«(rla,6IA
VIvniM lm|itrial Printing Oiix n, —
Auiiriu, 30'i
Vi«iin« Im|Mirwl Tutwooo Manufsolo-
riM. — Aiialriit f>9
VitiiiM PrlvllcRMl 8l«am Flour Mill
CompMiy.— Aiiilria, (ii
Vl«iiiw 8l«itrlnt Cmiilla (Ju. (ApulUi
CaiiilU), -Auilrio, 30
Vitiinit8lttikriii«Ciuiill*C'u. (Mill> ( aii-
ill«). AiKlriu, aU
Vicwc|(& Siiii.- Kollvtraiii (1), 822
Vicyrt** tt KvpiiiKun.— x. Ul
ViK«n, K. Jiin.— XXVI. 3H2
Vigiiat, llrotlien.— Kritiiu, 1624
ViKiiniix, U J.— H|miii, 'HOa
Vigiiolm. C— VII. lUft (Main Avtiiu*,
Wetl)
Vil|(iiir«iix, 8, — France, 728
ViKiiier, U.— France, 7^0
Vikimlin, — KuMia, 141
Vilitrdet ti Culleia*— H|wiii, 3&8
Villa, Fralelli.-Maltrt, i
Villa, J. -Tnacanjr, IU7
Villardel & Calleja*.- Spain, 269
Vtllar«,J. B.-8|)a:n, lt>3
Villennent.— France, 1707
Villeroi,— France, 1522
Villeruy & Bncli.— Zollverein ri), 301
Viilieri, P. J. De.— 8»utli Al'ricu, 3
Vil|ielle,T.— France, 1323
Vinai, A.— Spain, UiO
Vincent, ire Frntt, Noaket, &o.
\'incenl, H. France, 15*26
Vincent, J.— France, 1926, 1627
Vincent K. — xvi. 163; xx. 177
Vincent, 8.— XIX. 328
Vincent, T.— I. 406
Vincent & Tiueranl. — France, 730
Vine & Ailimead.— United States, 106
Vine, H. — xxx. (Fine Art Cuuti),
U'i
Vine, R.— XXIX. 116
Vingert, A.— Austria, 4G0
Vinn, T.— XXX. f Fine Art Court), 206
A'iulard, G. — Belgium, 320 ; France.
731
Viulette, J. H. M.— France. 152R
Virebent, Brotlit-ri. — France, 732
Viry Brutliert, st'c Marl in, O, & Viry
Vii, A.— Nellierlanda, 7
Viiclii, A. M. J.— XIX. 4/
Viiier, see Puortman & Viuer
Viuer, K. R.— Netlitrlunds, 17
Viiier & Co. — NetlierloniU, 16
Vitieur, P.— ZoUverein (1), 368
Visiiere. — France, 733
Vilalii, G.— Greece, Gl
Vitalii, L. — Greece, 00
Vittoi.— France, 1630
Viullaume, J. I). — France, 736
Vivat, B.— Austria, 5!i8
Vivet, K. T France, 734
Vivian. — ix. 227
Vivier&Co. — France, 1529
Vixella Millt-PorlUKal, 721
Viietelly & Hrunatun, — xxiv. 29
Vizianagrum, Rajah of,— India, xxvi.
V ladiminky. — Ruula, 60
Vlaaky,)J.— Auatrin, 141
Vliuingen, Van, Van Heel, & Derome
Cail & Co.— Netlierlunda, 76
Vloebergs. — Belgium, 36
Voelkel, J. G., ifc Co,— Zollv, (1), 91
Vogel. A. HwitMrland, 226
VogrI, C. r. Ainlria, 739
Viigel It earner. Zollvereiii (I), 711
V.igel, F. W.- ZoUverein (I), All
Vogcl, M.- Zollvtrein (I), 1 48
Vugel, M. A. Zi>llvmln(l), 148
Vogal.W. /ollverain (.1), 89
Vogelianx, J. tt 8. -ZolU. (4), 32
VugelMngf, F. J. - Balgium, 181
Vogt, M.- ZoUverein (I), 148
Vuigl. Deo'ourk, 4f<
Vuigilander, Kvatia, & Co.— XXX. (Fin*
Art Court), 2A4
Villi , A.-Au«tria, 600
Viiiziit, H. Franer, 15J1
Vokee, F,-xix, ;r^
Vokin*, C— xxvii. 30
Vokine, J. k. W.-xxx. (fifvf Art
C<Hirt), 46
Vukiiia, W„ lee Vukini, J, & W.
Vollirecht, «<•< Zalin & Vtdbreclit
Volderaner, O. - Aunlria, I i
Vol kert.— France, 1632
Volkhoniky, Prince. ItuMia, 109
Volkmann, J. — Austria, 1!I0
Volkoiitky, Prince M.— KuMia, 51a
Viilkiiiiiky, Prince V.— Ituuia, 70
Vollenliuven, C. J., Van. — Netlierland*,
<J3
Vollicliwiti, *w Baolioveii & VoUmIi-
witi
Vidner. — RuMia, l!iO
Voldikoir, A.— Ruiaio, 317
Voloikoff, J, — Ruaeia, 316
Volaleedt, J, P,— Houlli Africa, 0, 35
Volterra Royal .Suit Manufactory. —
Tuacany, 2
Vonwiller & Co,— Auatria, 237, 292
Vonwiller, U, de G.— Swilierlaiid, 140
Vourat, Van, Dirk, & Sun. — Nellier-
lanila, 14
Voort, H., Van der. — Netlierland*, 46
Voorlman, A.— Belgium, 2!)4
Vorater, C. D,— ZuUverein (I), 446
Vorus, J. S„ sen,— France, I0J3
Vosluu VVorated Varn Spinning Com-
pany,— Auatria, 198
V<«, J,-i, 135
Votkinak, Im|ierial Iron-works of,
(Vialka),— Ruaaia, 13. 166
Vreede & C».— Nellierlanda, 33
Vaevulo<lowitcli, N.— Ruasia, 338
Vaevidiiaaky. — RiiSHia, 330a
Vuilleumivr, R, de la. — 8witzer]and,l2
Vulliamy, I), L.— x. 7U0
Vyse & Siiiia.— XX. 1 1 ; Ttucany, 66
VyveiM, £.— Belgium, 59 ,
Walks, tl.R.H, TUk P«r"iE of. —
Page 112
Wacliter, L.— Austria, 561
Waddingtuti & Sons.— xxix. W4
Wulsworth & Sheldon,— United Slates,
348
Wuechter, J.— ZoUverein (1), 4)4
Wuentig, D. & Sons.- Zollv. (3), 63
Wagei.er, J. C. L. — Hamburgh, 4
Wagenmann, Seybel, & Co. — Austria,
19
Wogner.— xxiii. 108 ; France, 736 ; s«e
also Schill & Wagner
Wagner, A. — Zullverein (I), 414
Wagner, C— ZoUverein (4), 61
Wagner, C, A. — Hanover, 7
Wagner & Co,— Zjllvereiu (1), 708;
(2)99
Wagner & Son.— Ziillvereiu (1), 346
Wagner, F,— Austria, 437 : ZoUverein
Wagner, J. G. Jin, Zollv. (I). i6A
Wagner, J.- ZoUverein («), 6'2
Wagner, J. &8on.-/<>llvereiii (I), 840
Wagner, Louisa A Marian, xx. 31
Wagner, Marian ; t«« Wagner, I^uuImi
Wagner, T. ZoUverein (4), IU8
Walil, F. Z4>llver*iii (l), 332
Wahlvn Ic Hchmldi. XoUv. (1), 401
WahrenilDrir, M. Von, Baron, 52
Waikalu Coal Cummiit**.— N. Zealand,
22
Walles, W.- XXIV. 73
Wait, i,-Yl. 504
Wail*, O.-x. 441
Wake, T. ft Son.— viii. 130
Wukelleld, m* liiglia k WakelleUI
Wakefleld, F.-xxii. 381
WakfOeld, J. T.- XXII. 337
Wukeling & Sons.-xxvi. IVI
Wal, K. 8. Van der,- NellwrlarMla, 94
Walbridg*, H,~ United 8Ut*a, ISti
Walby, J.-vii. 14«
Wuld & Son.- ZoUverein (1), 96
Waldburg*r & Langeneggar,— Switwr-
land, 207
Waldner&Slaehelin.-Swilarrland, 162
Waiilron, W. & .Sofia, xxt. 17
Walil'liaiiaen, Kd., *«« Hiegl'riad ft
Waldtliauseii
Waldlliaiiien, O. W.- KoUv. (1), 320
Waleii, J.— Sweden and Norway, 1 1
Wales, J.-l. 431
Wall't-rinan, lei Hupfer & Walferinaii
Wulford, C. sen.- xxix. 207
Wall'urd, J.— xxix 313
Wolford, H.-xviil. 10
Walker.— France, 301 ; see also Tilley,
Tatlmm, &c.; Wilaon, Walker, ft
Co.
Walker, A.— Van Diemen's Und, 10.5
Walker Alkali CoiniMUiy (Newcaalln-
U|;on-Tyiie).— II. 15
Walker, Uabb, ft Co.-xx. 63
Walker ft Biirgeaa. — vil. 2S; 224
(Main Avenue, Weal)
Walker, C, V,-x. 4.10
Walker, K.-vil, 119; xvi. 206 ; xxil.
29; xxx. (Fine Art Courl), 80
Walker, Edward, & Co.— UniUd Slate*,
123
Walker, J.— X. 607 I xxix. 318; xxx.
(Fine Art Court) 102 ; Van Dieineu'*
Land, 44. 40. 51
Walker, J. ft Co.-xii. ft XV. 23
Walker, J. ft R.-xi. 3
Walker,J. W.-X. 681
Walker, R.— 1. 120 ; viil, 242 ; we alao
Walker, J. ft R,
Walker, Sarah, ft Co.— viii. 284
Walker ft Son. -xii. & xv, 79. 87
Walker, T.— xxviii. 87
Walker, W.— ill. 86; v, 693; xi. 46
Walkers, G. J. & Gilder.— v. 980
Walkinshaw, W.— China.
Wall, Cockshot, & Wall,— xii, ft xv.
1.VJ
Wall, E. ft T.— XIV. 70
Wall, T.— XXIII. 5; ««« also Wall,
K.&T.
Wallace, A, — Canada, 147
Wallace, Klizabeth.— xxvl. 2
Wallace, J. ft Co.— xi. 69
Wallace & Son.— xxii. 413
Wallace, T.— xvi. 132
Wallace, W. & Cowiier, T.— l. 510
WttUack, A.— ZoUverein (1), 767
Waller, see Uurgun, Waller, Berger,
ft Co.
WoUer ft Co.- Page 853
Waller, F.— xxvi. 286
i.'lxxxviii
INDEX OP EXHIBITORS AND OTHERS
Wallii, Capt. R.N.— Page 853
Wall if, Count O. Von.— Austria, 03
Wallii, S.—xxvm. 8
Wallii, T. W.— XXX. (Fine Art Crt.), 89
Walmeiley, H.— XI. 51
Walsh, see Jeflery, Walsh, & Co.
Walsli & Co.— XX. 1119
Walsh, J., Kxeciitors of.— i. 183
Walsh, W.— xvr. 1!07
Walsh & Winilley.— XI. 26
Walshaw, J. & Suns.— XVIII. 58
Walter, F.— x. 41
Waller, Hennig, &Co.— Zi.llv. (I), 714
"Walter & Sun.— Zollverein (1), 78ij
Walters, B. & P.— xxii. fi70
Walters, H.— viii. 31
Walters, J. & Co.— xxil. 148
Walters & S in.— xx. 54
Walters & Sons.— XIII. 9
Walters & Stone.— xxii. 296
Waltham Abbey Mills.— ii. 21
Wttllher, see Jinige & Walliier
Walther, G.— ZoUverein (3), 177
Walton, see Hullmanilel & Wult.n
Walton, F.— XXII. 701
Walton & Co.— XIV. 38 : xxil. 69
Walton, T.— XVII. 206
Walton, W.— Huge 85 1
Wttlty, Brothers.— Switzerland, 141
Walwein.— France, 737
Wamosy, D. — Hamburgh, 19
Wamn&Schroetler.— Zullv. (I), 239
WanJesforde, Hon. C— I. Ill
Wiinless, T.— XXIX. 206
Wanloch Lead Mines (Dumfriesshire).
—I. 25
Wann, T. W.— xxvii. 64
Wanshorongli, J. — xxviii. 75
Want & Vermim.— V. 37
Warburt.in, C.-^xxii. 187
Ward. — vill. 340; xxvii. 23; are also
Eyre, War.l. & Co. ; Gill & Ward
Ward (late GtitBii & Ward).— xxvi.
279
Ward, Anne.- XIX. 334
Ward,C.— x. 5J7; Van Diemeii's Land.
— 183. 186
Ward, Sir H. — Ionian Islands, 6
Ward, J.— II. 89 ; v. 990. 997
Ward, J. J.— United States, I72d
Ward, J. W.— XII. & XV. 134 ; see also
Ward, W. & J. W.
Ward, M. & Co.— xxx. (Fine Ait
Court), 43
Ward, N. B— X. 661 (North Tran-
sept)
Ward & Payne.— XXII. 196
Ward, Smith, & Co.— ii. 54
Ward & Sons.— XX. 203
Ward, Street, Sharp, & Ward.— xx. 19J
Ward, W. & J. W.— United States, 408
Warden, A. J.— XIV. GH
Warden, J. jiin.— xxil. 358
Wardle, H. & T. & Co.— xill. 41
Wardle, M.— Canada, 101
Wardle, S.— United States, 47
Wardle, T.— see Wardle, II. & T. & Co.
Ware, see Belliel, Wure, & Co.
Wareham BituminoHs SlialeCo. — i. 221
Waring, C. H.— VI. 305
Warlicli's Patent Fuel Co.— I. 239
Warlinek. — .-Viiatria, 116
Warming, K. — Denmark, 7
Warmont, V. E.— France, 1046
Wurnar, Willinck.— Netherlands, 32
Warner, Capl. — viii. 317a
Warner, H. — Trinidad
Warner, J. & Sous.— v. 424 j XXll. 798
Warner, M. H.— xxvi. 72
Warner, R. & Co.— United SUIes, 431
Warner, W.— xxix. 9; xxx. (Fine Art
Court) 275
Warners, see Cartwright & Warners
Warowdell, L. J.— Sweden, 74. 114
Warrack. Harriet.— xxvi. 102
Warrell, J.— xxix. 32
Warren, see Kirk & Warren
Warren, G.— xxii. 402
Warren,J.— IX. 257; xvil. 123
Warren, P.— v. 558
Warren, T.— xxvi, 288
Warrick, Brothers.— xxix. 115
Warriner, G. — xxil. 218
Warriner, G, & A. Suyer. — iii. 21
Warriner, W.— xxill. 60
Warwick & Otey.— Uinted States, 325
Washbourn, Ann. — xix. 335
Washburn, J. & Co.— United States, 421
Waslier, F. sen.— Belgium, 318
Washington, Capt., R.N.— viii. 13G
Washington & Davies. — xill. 8
Wasley, J.— vi. 412
Wason, H. (M.P.).-xvil. 188
Wasserott, Staib.— Zoll. (4), 69
Watcliorn, W. — Van Diemen's Land,
147
Wuteau, see Guilliert & Wateau
Wuterhuiise, Kmma &. Maria, A. — xix.
336
Waterhonse, G. & S.— xxill. 20
Waterho je, J. — xviii. 72
Waterliunsp, Maria A. see Waterhonse,
Emma, &c.
AVaterhouse, S., see Waterhouse, G.&S.
Waterlow & .Suns.— VI. 161; xvii. 46
Watermeyer, C. — South Africa, 17. 51
Waters, see C'apiH-r & Waters
Waters, C. see Waters J. & C.
Waters, J. & Co.- XI. 43
Waterinn, J. A. — xviii. 67
Waterston, G.— xvii. 93
Watherstun & Brui^den. — xxill. 103
Watkin, see Keep & Watkin
Watkins, A.— x. 83a
VVatkins, Rev. C. F.— I. 28a
Watkins, H.— xxx. (Fine Art Crt.), 187
Watkins & Hill.— v. 56; viii. 238a ;
X. 6 )9
Watkins, T. see Watkins, W. & T.
Watkins, W. & T.— vi. 66
Watney, A.— i. 276
Watrelot-Delespaul.— France, 738
Watson, see Sandford, Owen, &c.
Watson, A. see Watson, J. & A.
Watson, Bell, & Co.— xix. 337, Persia
Wafsun &CU.-XIX. 337
Watson, E. F.— xxx. (Fine Art Court.),
130
Walsun, G. — xxvi. 17.').
Watson, G. W.— United States, 53. 361
Watson, H.— VI. 165; South Africa, 58
Watson, J. & A.— XII. & xv. 477
Wat8on,John. — VanDiemen'sLand, 3 16
Watson, M. L. (tlie late.)— Page 818 ;
xxx. (Sculpture Court), 60
Watson, T.— V. 712; viii. 76 ; xx. 1 1 1
Watson, W.— XVII. 210
Watauii, Voung, & Co. — New South
Wales, 16
Waft.— Sff Diiulton & Walt
Watt, G. -III. 1 10
Wait, G. T.— x. 717
Watt, J.— IX. 63
Watt, James, & Co.— v. 6
Walt & Son.- IV. 120
Watt, W.— II. 32 ; vii. 20
Watleyne, J.— Zi.Uveioin (.3), 2
Watts, see Whiieway, Walts, & Co. j
liiirrouglies Si Walls
Walls, C— V. 991
Watli & Harlun.— XXII. 557
W«tti, J.— II. 103
Walls, R. M.— Canada, 33
Watts, T.— V. 750
Watts, W.— XX. 108
Wat's, W. M.— XVII. 164
Waugh & Son.— XIX. 339
Waun, T. W.— xxvil. 141
Wautelet, J.— Belgium, 32
Wayne North ScytheCumpony.— United
Stales, 323
Weaber, H.— x. 279
Weare, R.— x. 386
Wealherbead, H.— xx. 31
Weatherley, H.— iii. 27; vi. 411
Wealherly, see Wili(in8& Weatherly
Vf'eatherly, E.— xxi. 1
Webb, see Molineaux, Webb, & Co.
Webb, Charles J. — Maurilius, 3
Webb, E.— XVI. 213; xvii. 172a
Webb, J. —XXVI. 171
Wel.b, J. & C— I. 533
Webb, Mr.— I. 12
Webb, R.— III. 72
Webb & Son.— XIX. 150
Webb, T.— XXIV. 17 '
Webb, Captain T.— xx. 138
Webb, W.— XVII. 156
Webber & Barllelt. — xxx. (Fine Art
Court), 153
Webber & Hairs.— xii. & XV. 277
Weblier, J.— xxx. (Kine Art Crt.). 149
Webcndoerfl'er, C. H. & S.nis.— ZoUve-
rein (3), 72-83
Webentiorfer, Brulhers.- Zullv,(l), 7.VJ
Welter, see Mallhes & Weber; Sclieller
& Weber.
Weber, C— ZoUverein (1), 325. 744
Weber, C. F.— ZoUverein (1), 84
Welter, K.— ZoUverein (I), 716
Weber, G.— Belgium, 2)8
Weber, G. D.— Austria, 18
Weber, (i. & Co.— ZoUvmin (1), 86
Weber, J.— France, 739
Weher, J. B.— ZoUverein (6), 43
Weber & Metzges. — ZoUverein (1), !)C>9
Weher & Schultheis.- ZoUverein (5), (J
Weher, W.— ZoUverein (1), 384
Wehsky & Sou.— ZoUverein (i). 122
Webster. — see Cornell, Lyell, &c. ; Sleer
& Webster
Webster, A.— xil. & xv. 84
Webster, B.— v. 108
Webster, Capt. — New South Wales
Webster, 1).— XII.& xv. 63
Webster, G.— xx. 151
Webster, R. jun. — x. 17 >
Webster, T.— xil. & xv. 62
Webster, W. B.— vii. 185; x. 671a;
VIII. 2()5
Wedgwood, Josiah, & Sons. — xxv. 6.
5 1 ; XXIX. 20a
Wedgwood, R. — xvii. 47
Wedlake, Mary, & Co.— ix. 127
Wednesbury Shaft & Axletrev Co.— V.
543
Weed on, F. — XIX. 6
Weedon, F. P.— xix. 1 1
Weedon, T.— X. 6J0
Weekes, H.— Page 853
Weeks, J. & Co.— ix. 218a (North
Transept)
Weese, W. F.— Canada, 29. 83
Wegelui, J.— Sweden, 53
Wegncr, T. R. — SwiUerlund, 15'i
Wehrle & Steuert— ZoUverein ( 1 ). S'Oa
Weichselhanmer, ,1. — Austria, 502
Weichselltaumer, M. — Austria, 563
Weickert, J. D.— ZoUverein (3), 106
Weidl, M.— Austria, 4IJl
11. SS7
a, 33
164
339
,141
(1,32
•mpany.— Uiiilvil
31
!7; VI. 441
1 & Wealherly
Wel.b, & Co.
iiiritinn, 3
XVII. I7'2a
1
10 ^
.138
ixx. (Fine Art
& XV. 277
eArtCrt.). 149
i Sjiis.— Zollve-
-Z.)llv.(l), 7:»9
■Veber ; Sclieller
[I), 325, 744
:ii> (4), 84
(0,710
18
I'tTciii (4), 86
ri (6), 43
Iveieiii (1), ,')fi9
Iiillvereiii (5), (}
(I), 384
rein (i), 1 22
iyell,&c.; Steer
.84
utli Wales
63
62
185; X. 67U;
onj.— XXV. C.
IX. 127
letree Co, — v.
248a (Ni.rlh
i9. 85
11(1, 155
?reii.(l).879A
itria, .502
isfrin, 5G3
Mil (3), 1 01
WHOSE NAME8 APPEAR IN THE CATALOGUE.
clxxxix
Weigeit, tee Maix & Weigert
Weigert & Co.— Kullvereiii (I), 115
Weight, S.— X. 400
Weiglilmaii, gee Power & Weiglitmaii
Weiglituii & Son.— XXIII. 22
Weigle, J. J.— ZoUverein (4), 39
Weil, see Trrloii, Welduii, &c.
Weiliiid.— ZoUverein (1), 388
Weilliacli, I. J.— Uenmark, ^1
Weill, C— Zi)llvereiii (1), 20
Weimar's Son.- ZoUverein (I). 797
Weinliergc-r, G. — Austria, 280
Weiiiliiieoht, T. Uelgii.m, 259
Weinineister, i -Austria, 448
Weiiimeister, J,- Austria, 449
Weintraiit, C. jini.— Zoll. (ti), 70
Weir, E.— IX. 123
Weir, J.— XVI. 7:^ J xxx. (Fine Art
Court), 151
Weiw, W. P Canada, 37
Weisliaupt, C. M. & Sons. — ZoUverein
(0,412
Weiss, aee Zwerger, Van, DeflTiier, &c.
Weiss, juu. & Co.— ZoUverein (1), 717
Weias, J. & Son.— Austria, 372
Weiss, J.— Austria, 692a
Weiss, J. H.— ZoUverein (I), 684
Weisi&Son.— X. 631a
Weissflog, E. F.— Zidlverein (1), 720
Welliorne, J. W.— I. 470
Welboriie, W.— I. 455
Welch, Margetsoii, & Co. — xil. & xv,
304; XVIII. 7; XX. 212
Welcli & Sons.— XX. 12
Welcl). T.— XVIII. 18; XXVI. 150
Welol.r, A. C— ZoUverein (1), 331
Weld, J.— vin. 186
Weliloii, see Trelon, Weldon, &c.
Wtlllwriip, W.— I. 447. 455
Welliugs, see Halbeard & Wellings
Wells, see Brown & Wells; Hinks,
Weill, & Co.
Wells & Co.— XXVI. 392 ; South Africa,
59
Wells, R.— XXVI. 232
Wells, G.— VII. 82
Wells, J. T.— xxu. 290
Wells, L.— United States, 107
Wells W. B.— XIX. 311
Wellsmaii, J.— iii. 78
Wellway, J. S.— x. 465
Welsh Slate Cnm|)aiiy. — Western end,
South enclosure (Outside), 12
Welzihach, K. — Austria, 571
Wemmer, F.— ZoUverein (7), 3
Wemyss, H.^xiv. 58
Wemyss, liear-Admiral. — XXVII. 141
Wendeilein, J. H.— ZoUverein (6), 55
Wendt, see Post & Wendt
Wenham Lake Ice Company. — xxil.
6U0
Wenzel, C. — Austria, 319
Wentzell, A.— VIII. 167
Weppler, C. L.— ZoUverein (2), 90
Wermuth, J.— Switzerland, 107
Werner, M.— ZoUverein (6), 48
Wrrner & Piglhein.— Hamburgh, 79
Werlh, A. & Co.— ZoUverein (I), 333
Weitheim, F.— Austria, 573
Weitheimer, D. J.-x. 387
Werlheimer, S.— xxill. 130; xxvi. 177
Wescher, Brotlieis, & Strassmann. — ZoU-
verein (1), 634
Wesenfeld «c Co.— ZoUverein (1), 461
Wesley, S. S.— xvil. 169
Wesmael Legros. — Belgium, '282
Wessel, F. W.-Zollvercin (I), 542
Wessels, see Urocklesby & Wessels
West, Alice.— xxx. (Fine Art Crf.), 326
West, Brothers.- ZoUverein (6), 44
West, C. Mary.— XIX. 374
West, Commander. — vm. 109 ; «ee
also Grahani, West, & Co.
West of KnglanU China, Stone, & Clay
ComiHiny (St. Austell).— i. 103
West & Giegson. — vii, 21
West A Son.— xxiii. 15
West, W.— IX. 246
Westall & Co.— IV. 104
Westerbaan, see Sclioneveld & Westerb.
Westergutliland, Peasant* of. — Sweden
& Norway, 26
Westermanii, see Karuher& Westerniann
Westerinann, A. H. & Co. — Zollverien
(1 ), 543
Westermann, A. H. C. & Sons, ZoUve-
rein (l\ 514
Westermann & Co.— ZoUv. (1), 80
Westermann, G. — ZoUverein (I), 749
Westermann & Sons. — ZoUverein (1),
514
Western Fire Company (Cincinnati). —
United States, 206
Western Gaslight Co.— I. 260
West Ham Gutta Perclia Company—
xxviii, 90
Westbauster, J. — Austria, 308
Westhead & Co.— xxix. 275
WesthoO; Brothers.— Zollv. (1), 599
Westley, see Carpenter & Weslley ;
Ricliards, Westley, & .Son
Weslley, J.— xvil. 48
Westleys & Co.— XVII. Ill
Westmacot', J.- xxx. (Sculp. Crt.), 74
Westmhister, Marchioness of— xx. 217
Westmoreland, G. — x. 444
Weston & Son.— XIII. 46
Weston, Warwick. — Western Africa, I.
Westrup, W. — VI. 442
Westwood, J.(the late.) — xxx. (Fine Art
Court) 292
Westwood, J. O. — xxx. (Fine Art
Court), 292
Westwood & Moore.— ^xxvii. 1 13
Weszly— ZoUverein (I), 849
Wetbered & Brothers.— United States,
529
Wetherell, F. S.— xxvi. 236
Wetberill, Brothers.— United States, 43
Wettli, M. L.— Switzerland, 237
Wetzel, C. J.— ZoUverein (4), 109
Wee & Lindner.— ZoUv. (3), 72-83
Wexford, Peasants. — xx. 181
Weyerbusch, C. & Co.— ZoUverein (1)
570
Weygand, A. — France, 740
Weygold, A.— ZoUverein (I), 429
Weyhe, see Motter, Weyhe, & Co.
Whaite, H. C. xxx.— (Fine Art Court),
340
Whalley, see Skiinier & Whalley.
Whalley, T.— xxv. 27
Wharrv, J.— xxix. '27
Wharton, W.— v. 713
Wbeiilley,J.— V. 810
Wheutley, W,— xxviii
Wheatstone & Co.— x
Wheeler. -- VI. 618; see Kinder &
Wheelrr
Wheeler & Ablett.— xx. 22
Wheeler, C.-xxil. 799
Wheeler, E.— v. 305 ; IX. 216a
Wheeler, F.— III. 27a
Wheeler, G. & M.— xxui. 91
Wheeler, Philip & Co. i. 108
Wheeler, T.— in. 27a ; Canada, 167.
353
Wheeler, T. & Co.— xx. 206
Wheeler, W. S.- xil. & xv. 271
WheelhousH, A.— Poituga", 529
109
526
see
Wlieler, Mrs.— xix. 238
Whetham & Sons.— xiv. 73
Whetstone, see Brew in & Whetstone.
Whettam, J.— vni. 136
Whibley, E.— X. 607
Whicker, $ee Philp & Whicker
Whipple, J. A.— United .Mates, 451. 579
Wbishaw, F.— IX. 59 ; x. 419 ; xvi. 8 1 ;
XXVI. 264; xxvii. 61; xxx. (Fine
Art Court), 232a
Whitaker, see Chapman & Whitaker
Whitaker, H. W.- xxviii. 137
Whitaker, R.— vi. 140 ; xvii. 49
Whitaker, Son, & Co.— France, 711 ,
Whitbread, J.— xvii. 192
Whitby, E.— XX. 186
Whitcombe, A.— xxvi. 21 1a
White.— VIII. 162 ; x. 687 ; see Jones,
White, &c.
White, E.— XX. 159
White, G. — Jersey & Guernsey, 12
White, G. B.-iil. 32
White & Grant.— I. «1
White, H. C. — Jersey & Guernsey, 1
White, J.— VIII. 36 ; ix. 181 ; x. 587;
see White, T. & J.
White, J. C— XVI. 86
White, M.— United States, 397
White & Parlby.— XXVI. 6
White, R., see White, T. J. & R.
While, Son, & Co.— xix. 343
White & Sons. — Western end. South
enclosure (Outside), 10; i. 130, 130a;
xxvii. 144
White, T. jun.— VIII. 52 ; xxii. 200
White, T. & J.— VIII, 136
White, T. J. & U.— VIII. 3Ga
White, W.- XX. 51
Whitehead.— XI. 40
Wliitehead, J.— ix. 239 ; xxil. 10
Whitehead, J. H — VI. 46
Whitehead & Son.— xx. 139
Whitehill, M., & Co.— xii. & xv. 287
Whitehouse, C. & Co.— xxil. 667
Whiteiiousp, N.— X. 280
Whitehurst, J.— United Stales, 525
Whitehnrst, J. H.— United States, 377
Whitelaw J.— v. 58
Wbiteley, Elizabeth.— xxil. 126
Whiteley & Sons.— xvii. 98
Whitely, Rev. J.— New Zealand, 32
Whiteman, E. jun.— United States, 240
Whiteman, F. J.— XVll. 51
Whiteside, see Couseiis & Whiteside.
Whitesides. — Van Diemeu's Land, 91-
93
Whiteway, Watts, & Co.— I. 90
Whitfield, J. A.— IX. 68
Whitfield, S.— XXII. 356
Whitham.— V. 113
Whiting, see Dixon & Whiting ; Holham
& Whiting.
Whiting, C— XXX. (Fine Art Crt.) 123;
United States, 556
Whitley, J.— Xll. & XV. 176; xxil.
656
Whitley, N.— I. 79. 95. 165
Wbitlock, B. M.— United States, 369
AVhitlock & Billiald.— XIX. '.'7
Whitman, see Wisdom, Russel, &c.
Whitmarsh.— United States, 334
Whitmee & Chapman.— xxii. 242
Whitmore & Co.— xii. & xv. 241
Whitney, E.— xix. 347
Whitney, J.— m. 26; v 69.
Whittaker, J.— i. 53 ; xviii. 76
Whittaker, J., & Sons.— vi. 1
Whittaker, R.— vi. 140
Wbittington. — xxx. (Sculpture Crt.) 10
Whittington, G. T.— Falkland Islands, 1
cxc
INDEX OP EXHIBITORS AND OTHERS
I
Wliiitlei & Froggart.— xxn. 213
Wbitwell, J., ft Co.— XIX. 315
Whitworth, J., ft Co.— vi. 'J.01
Whitworlh, J. & Son.— xii ft XT. M
Whyte, tee Smith 8e Whyte
Whyte, W.— XXVI. 43
Whytetiead, W. K.— V. 101
Whytlaw & Son New Zealand, 34
Whytock.— XIX. 263
Whytock, A.— VII. 156
Wickham.— XXIX. 196
Wiildowsun & N'eale.— xxm. 100
Widmer-au-Kreuti. — Switxerlaiid, 153
Wiilmrr-Huni. — Switzerland, 153
Widuall, O. F.— xvn. 52
Widnell see Henderson & Widnel
Wiedemann, HferdmengeSiftSclimoelder,
— Zollverein (1), 488
Wiedenmaiin, J. — Zollverein (1), 6(i9
Wiegand, E.— Zollverein (1), 734
WiegaiHl, F — Zollverein (P 745
Wiegandt, J.— Zollverein (I), 415
Wiell, Van.— Belgium, 114
Wien, L. — Austria, 578
Wiener, J. — Belgium, 442
Wiesc, see Hennige & Wieie
Wiese, Brothers.— Zollverein (I), 4C5
Wlesenthal, aee Suumanii & Wieseiillial
>Viegmann. A. & Co.— Zollverein (1),
334
Wigdor, M.— Zollverein (1), 257
Wigliam & Co.— XX. 85
Wight, J.— v. 480.
Wigram, Money, & Sons. — vill. 56
Wilbud, J. — XXX. (Fine Art Court),
291
Wilby, T — XXX. (Fine Art Crt.), 162
Wild.— V. 640 ; Vi. 8
Wild, W.— VI. 8
Wild & Robinson.— Zollverein (I), 889
Wilder, see Parker, Wilder, & Co.
Wilder, A. A.— United States, 388
Wildes, W.— XVII. 102
Wildey & Co.— xxviii. 40
Wilding, W. H.— v. 60
Wildsmith, M.— xvi. 190
Wiley & Co.— XXII, 3a5
Wilford, W.— Belgium, 211
Wilford & Sons.— XIV. 42
Willielm, «ee Bolten, Willielm, & Son
Wilhelm, A.— Austria, 142
Wilken, A.— xxix. 110
Wilkes, J.— xxii. 2C6
Wilkie, J. & Co.— IX. 21
Wilkins, W. C— vii. 157 (Main Ave-
nue, West)
Wilkins & Weatherly.— xxn. 80
Wilkhison. — xxu. 540; «eeGrimshuwe
& Wilkinson
Wilkinson & Co. — xxill, 32
Wilkinson, Sir G. — xxx. (Fine Art
Court), 319
Wilkinson, H. & Co.— xxiii. 44
Wilkinson, J. — xil. & xv. 51
Wilkinson & Son.— vill. '200; xxiL 122
Wilkinson, T.— ix. 220
Wilkinson, T. & G.— xxil. 175
Wilkinson, W. — xvm. 8
Wilkinson, W. & C— xxvi. 184
Wilkinson, W. & K.— xil. & xv. 52
Wilki.- XIX. 3:>6
Wilks, J.— XII. & XV. 6; xiv. 31
Will, Meyer, & Co.— Belgium, 330
Willans, Brotlieri<,&Co. — xii.&xv.'257
Willurd, E.— I'liiteil States, 536
Willats, T. & R.— x. 265
Willcock, E. P.— xxvii. 8
Willemin. — France, lC59; see also
Meurant, Brothers, &c.
Willems.— Belgium, 77
Willet, E., Nephew, St Co.— xii. & xv.
310
Willett, C— Canada, 69
Willett, F.— VII. Ill
Willett, Metsrs.- Canada, 143
Willey, see Finch & Willey
William, B. H.— x. 343
William, Evan.— v. 67
William, H.— xxvili. 163
Williams. — xxii. 612; se« Clarke 8c
Williams; also, Cook & Williuins;
Edelsten & Williams; Hopkins &
Williams '
Williams, C.— VII. 1C9
Williams, 0. C— v. 630
Williams, Coopers, Boy le,& Co. — XXVI,
321
Williams, D.— l. 215; v. 63
Williams, F., see Williams, T. & F.
Williams, G. T,— United Shites, 389
Williams, Liidy Griffies.— xix. 319
Williams, H.— France, 742
Williams,J.— vi.2.34; xvii.53; xxviii.
102; xxx. (Fine Art Court), 82
Williams, I,.— VII. 128
Williams, Mary.— United States, 2^3
Williams, N. L.— United States, 14
Williamson.— IX. 48
Williams & Son. — xxix. 4
Williamj & Sons.— i. 505
Williams, T.— VIII. 332 ; xxu. 280
Williams, T. M.— XXIX. 219
Williams, W.— I. 191; vin. 314; nt.
151; X. 352
Williams &NorKale.—Zollv. (1),272
Willis, H.— X. 209
Willison, R.— v. 128
Willmanns, C. W.— Zollverein (1), 209
Willmers. — Auslrin, 371
Willock, B. P. & Co.— vn. 223 ; (Main
Avenue, West) xxvii. 8. Page 833
Willock, J.— Canada, 108
WiUott, W.& Co.— xii. & XV. 114
Willoughby d'Eresby, Lord.— ix. 195
Willoughby, S.— v. 992
Willoughby, T.— xxu. 173
Wills & Bartlett.— XXVI. 160
Wills, W. J.— xxx. (Fine Art Couit),
364
Willson,!.- xxx. (Fine Art Court) 315
Willson, T.— xxx. (Fine Art Court),
304
Wilmot,E.W.-lx. 170
Wilshin, S. B.— XVI. 205
Wilson —XIII. 56 ; xviii. 17 ; xxu. 85 ;
see also Bull & Wilson ; Venables,
Wilson, &c.
Wilson, A. — XXX. (Fine Art Court), 55
Wilson, Anne, — xix.330
Wilson, C— V. 007
Wilson, Charli tie.- XIX. 112
Wilson, Charlotte E. — xxx. (Fine Art
Court), 363
Wilson & Co.— XIII. 10.
Wilson, I).— XII. & XV. 83
Wilson, E. B. & Co.— V. 526
Wilson, G.— VI. 112; xxx. (Fine Art
Court), 200
Wilson, II.— xxx. (Fine Art Court), 44
Wilson, J, — II. 6 (Main Avenue West) ;
V.E95; VUI.299; ix. 2'19; xii.&xv.
138; xiii. 56; xxvii. II ; xxx. 315
Wilson, Dr. J. — Canada, 2
Wilson, J. & Sons.— Zollverein (3), 51
W ilson, J. J. & AV.-xii. & XV. 245
Wilson, M.— vii. 97
Wilson & Mallieson- XXIX. 133
Wilson, ».- xvn. 178
Wilson, R. & W.— XXII. 490
Wilson, S.— XXVII, 1 i
Wilson & Son.— xn. & xv. 468 ; xvi.
98; XX. 183; xxn. I!t5
Wilson & Sons.— XXVI. 298
Wilson, Sir T. Maryon.— l. 49 /
Wilson, T. H.— vn. 113. 1881
Wilsou, W. — vii. 97 ; see also Wilson,
R. & W. ; Wilson, W. & Son
Wilson, W. & Son, xn. (c xv. 252
Wilson, Walker, St Co.— xvi. 1 1
Wilson St Woodfln.— vn. 195
Wilton, W.— X. 402
Winder, R.— ix. 190
Windle & BIythe.— xxn. 668
Windley, see Walsh & Windley
Windmiiller, A. — Hamburgh, 29
Windrath, see WuelHng and Windrath
Windsor, J.— ix. 25
Windus, T.— IX. 36
Winfleld, R. W.— xxii. 373.
Wingate, see Black St Wingate
Wingate, S<m, & Co.— xii, & xv. 200
Wingender, Brothers. — Zollverein (8), 9
Wingerworth Iron Co. (Che»t«rfield),
—I. 416
Wingrave & Sons. — xx. 16
Winkelman, see Zeitter Ik Winkelman
Wiiikelman ft 8ons.-Zollv. (I), 306
Winkelmann, J. — Z(dlverein (I), 282
Winkler, F.— Zollverein (1), 31
Winkler & Son.— Zidlverein (3), 91
Winkler, T, C— Swi'xerland, 142
Winknecht, T.— Belgium, 259
Winks & Sons.— XXII. 134
Wink worth. — xvill. 0
Winkworth St Co.— xm. 19
Winkworth& Proctor.— X1II.05 ; XVIII.9
Winship, A. H.— United States, 354
Winsor & Newton.— n. 28
Winsor & Son. — xvi. 14
Winter, C— xvi. 178
Winter, F.— Zollverein (1), 66
Winter, J. — x. 423; Austria, ISO,
242
Winter, T. B.— vi. 134
Winter, W,— XVI. 249
Winterborn, J,— xxviii. 168
Winterfeld, J. A.— Zollverein (I), 204
Winterhalter, F. — Main Avenue, East,
96. 97 ; xxiii. 97 ; xxx. (Fhie Ait
Court), 237
Winton, H.— vin. 250 ; ix. SjOa
Winton & Sons.— xxn. 268
Winzenried, tee Mccrschel, &c.
Wipi)el, J. jun. — xxvilI- 10
Wirkler, T.— Zollverein (1), 786
Wirth, F. E.— Zollverein (1), 819
Wirth, T. F.— Zollverein {4), 70
Wirti, J.— Switzerland, 259
Win & Co.— Switzerland, 153
Wisdom, Russel, & Whitman.— United
States, 205
Wise, Dr.— India, vi.
Wisedill, G. v.— XXUI.65
Wiseman. — Van Dieraen's Land, 130-
134
Wiseman, A. & Co.— Zollverein (1),331
Wiseman, H. R.— xvn. 103
Wiss, R.— xxn. 525
Wisson, R.— XXII. 679
Withers, J. H.— xxill. 61
Withers. W.— xxix. 292 ; xxx. (Fine
Art Court), 27
Withey & Smith.— xiv. 47
Witschl St Reinisch.— Austria, 293
Wittekop &Co.— Zullverein (1), 695
Witticb, A. Kemmel, St Co.— Zoll-
verein (4), 82
Witton, Daw, & Co.— viii. 203
Wix, see Mecklinghaus St Wix
W. M. & H. K.— vni. 136
WHOSE NAME8 APPEAR IN THE CATAIiOOUE.
cxci
& XV. 468 : XVI.
I. 293
1.— I, 49
13. 184
tee altuWilioD,
W. & Son
t. (c XV. 25-2
.—XVI. U
nx. 1U5
n. 668
Wiiidley
ibiirnh, M
g aiiil Wiiiiirath
I. 373.
fViiigale
XII, & XV. 200
Z(illvei«iii(8),!)
. (Clie»t«rfiel(l).
.16
& Winkelman
Wlv.(l), 306
rereiii (I), 282
ill (1), 31
emu (3), 91
rianil, 142
m, 25!)
134
[. 19 I
xiii.t;5;xviii.9
i SlaU9, 354
28
i
(1),66
Austria, ISO,
168
irefein(l), 304
Avenue, Basf,
XX. (Fine Ait
IX. 2j9a
(68
I, &c.
. 10
(1), 786
(1), 819
(-1), 70
i59
I, 153
:man.— United
>S
'« Land, 130-
verein(1),331
03
; XXX. (Fine
17
siria, 293
in ( I), 695
6 Co.-Zoll-
1.203
Wix
Wobke, H Hamburgh, 89
Wmlderapuon, J. — xvii, 159
WoBfelin, D.— Switierland, 242
Woette, G. & Co.— ZolWerein (I), 654
Wohler & Co — Switmland, 227
Wuhlfahrtb, J. B.— Zollvenin (5), 28
Woitcch, F.— Auitria, 274
Wuitecb, J. — Auat>'ia, 686
Wolf.— France, 744
Wuir,C. A.— ZolWerain (3), 142
Wolflr, C. H.— Zollverein (3). 48
Woir, J. O.— Zullverein (3), 143
Wolf, T. H.— ZiiUvenin (3), 29
Wulff, F.— Austria, 326
Wolff, Albert.— Zollverein(l), 300, .^07
Wolff, E. & Sons I. 68 ; xxx. (Fine
Art Court), 129
Wolff ft Erbsloh.— Zollverein (1), 656
Wolff, F. A.— Zollverein (4), 13
Wolff, J. F.— Zollverein (1), 600
Wolff, P.— Zollverein (3), 144
Wolffers, see Hermes, Brothers, &c.
Wolfrum, C— Austria, 301
Wollersdorf, Privileged Association of
Manufacturers. — Austria, 423
Wollf & Co.— Zollverein (2), 17
Wollff, L. J.— xxni. 68
Wolstenbolme, J. — xxviii. 1 73
Wolter, G. C— Zollverein (1), 160
Wolverson, E.— xxii. 276
Wood. — xvn. 198; sen also Home,
Thornthwaite, ftc. ; Pontifex & Wood,
Thomson, Wood & Co.
Wood & Bedford.— 11. 47
Wood, Brothers.- xxu. 75
Wood, C— xxx. (Fine Art Court) 174
Wood,C.H.— xxx. (Fine Art Crt.), 209
Wood & Co.— VIII. 102.
Wood & Forest, Commission of. —
Algeria, 47
Wood, G.— IX. 90 ; XXV. 34
Wood. H. & T.— XIX. 352
Wood, H. L.— I. 432
Wood, J.— XXI. 8; XXVI. 105. 118;
xxx. (Fine Art Court), 48
Wood, Janet.- XX. 137
Wood, J. W.-x. 737
Wood, P. H.— XXIX. 285
Wood & Perkes. — xxiv. 7
Wood, S., see Wood, W, & S.
Wood, T. — XXIV, 16 ; gee also Wood,
H. & T.
Woo<l&Tomlin«on.— United States, 396
Wood, W.— Belgium, 492
Wood, W. R.— X. 6-13
Wootl, W. & S —XVI. 25
Woodbourne, J. — ix. 76
Woodbridge, T. — xxiii, 53
Woodbury, J. P.— United States, 443
Wooilcock, F.— United States, 135
Woodcrof>, J. & Co.— XVIII. '15
WoodHn, see Wilson & Woodflii
Woodfonl, Lady. — Ionian Islands, 1
Woodhead, J. — xxviii. 191
Woodhouie. — x. 7d! ; xx. 180
Woodhouae, J. — xn. & xv. 7 1
Woodhouse & Luckman. — xx. 15
Woodhouse, W. — xxx. (Fine Art Crt.),
289a
Woodin, D. — xxil. 8
Woodington. — xxill. 92. 119
Woodiiigton,W. P.— Page 8J3
Woodley, J.— xxiii. 83 ; xxvii. 39
Woodman, see Simmonds & Woodman
Woodman, H. G. — xxvi. 73
Woodman, J. C. — South Africa, 26
Woodman, J. T,— x. 281
Woodman, W. — xvi. 42
Woodruff, Thomas. — xxvii. 77 ; xxx.
(Fine Art Court), 350
Woods, F. F.— vn, 42
Woods, J.— IX. 82
Woods, W.— XXII, 33
Woodward, B. — xxvii. 21
Woodward, B. H.— xix. 364
Woodward, H. ft Co.— xn. 355
Woodward, J,— viu. 230
Woolcock, Catherine. — xix. 3S6
Wooldridge, J.— xvil, 347
Woolley, see Spurden, ftc.
Woolley,T.— X, 493
Woolley, W. — Eastern Archipelago, 3
Woolf & Son.— xxx. (Fine Art Coiurt),
129
Woolfleld, T.— VIII. 229
Wooliscroft, see Bowers, Challinor, &c.
Woollams, J. & Co.— xxvi. 322
WooUams, W, & Co.— xxvi. 210. 309
Woolman, E.— Unitett States, 198
Wordsworth, J.— xxil. 360
Worke, H.— Hamburgh, 89
Workman, J. — xxvii, 1 16
Worledge. — xvm. 43a
Wormald, see Hagues, Cook, &o.
Worn, R.— XVI. 265
Womell.— XXVII. 99
Wornum, R.— x. 499
Worrall, C— xxx. (Pine Art Court) 196
Worrall, Hallam & Co.— xxii, 164
Worsdell, G. & Co.— v. 637
Worster.— xxni. 94
Worthington, W.— I. 57
Worthy, see Thom|)8on & Worthy
Wostenholm, G. — xxn. 125
Wotlierspoon, J. & Co. — xxix. 106
Wotherspooii, R. — ill, 124
Wouverroanns, jun. — Belgium, 35
Wratislaw, Matilda Emily.— xix. 357
Wray, W.— x. 309
Wrench & Sons — iii. 80
Wried, see Meyer & Wried
Wright, see Abliott & Wright ; M'Lean
& Wright; Scott & Wright; Slater
ft Wright ; Smith, Kemp, & Wright
Wright, C.— xxx. (Fine Art Court),
203
Wright, C, J,— United Slates, 589
Wright, Crump, & Crane.- xix. 358
Wright, P.— xxx. (Fine Art Court) 98
Wright, G. W.— United States, 185
Wright, H.— III. 107a ; xxix. 250
Wright, J.— Page 853; xvn. 139;
XXII, 1 77 ; XXVII. 43
Wright, J. G.— Hamburgh, 57
Wright, L. W. & Co.— IV 42
Wright, P.— xxn. 366
Wright, P. & K.— XIII. 54
Wright, R. — XVI. 152 ; see also Wright,
P. & R.
Wright W.—x. 121
Wright, W. B. & Co.— United States, 77
Wrigley, J. & T. C— xn. & xv. 117
Wrigley & Sons.— xil. & xv. 101
Wrigley, T. C, see Wrigley, t, & T.C.
Wroe, see Kay, Uichardsoi', & Wroe;
Rogers & Wroe
Wrchovszky, J. R.— Austria, 203
WuelHngft Windrath.— Zi.Uv. (I), 563
Wuest, Brothers.— Zoll. (6), 44
Wuest, C. L.— Zollverein (5), 14
Wulff.— Denmark, 23
Wuin; G. H. & J. F.— China
Wulff, J. F. see Wulff, G. H. &c.
Wulff, Jens, & S >ii9. — Denmark, 5
Wunder, L.— Zollverein (1), 230
Wunsch, see Baiimann & Wunsch
Wunsche, A. — Austria, 659
Wnrden, C. A. Von, & Co. — ZoUveiein
(1),51
Worm, see Fischer & Wurm
Wurm, F. X.— Austria, 137
Wurst, J. M.— AustriH, 302
Wnrtemburgh, tbe late Queen
Austria, 747
Wttrlh, W. B. Von.— Austria, 52
Wusteiifeld, see Stohmann & Wusieo*
feld
Wuttig, G. L.— Zollverein (1), 151
Wyatt & Brandon.— VII, 220; Page 864
Wyatt, J.— Page 863; xxx. (Fine Art
Court), 183
Wyatt, M. C— Page 853 & 854
Wyatt, M. Digijy.- xxx. (Fine Alt
Court), 30. 80
Wyatt, Richard J, (the late). — Main
Avenue, East, 103
Wybum, Meller, & Turner.— V. 996
Wyk, Van, Brothers & Co.— Netlier-
lands, 36
Wylam's Patent Fuel Company.— 1. 262
Wyld, see Noulton and Wyld
Wyld, J.— xvn, 175
Wynanis, C— Belgium, 472
Wynne & Lumsden. — XXVI. 19
Wyon, B.— xxx. (Fine Art Crt), 287
Wyon, E.W.— xxx. (Sculp. Court), 86
Wyon, L. C— xxx. (Fine Art Crt.), 286
Wyon, W.— xxx. (Fine Art Crt.), 284
Wyse, J. — New Brunswick, 15. 17,
20. 22
Wytteubach, T.— Switierland, 267
Xavier, A. M.— Portugal, 312
Xhoffray, C. ft Co.— Belgium, 204
Varborough, Earl of.— xxx, (Sculpture
Court), 80
Yardley & Statham.— xxix, 2
Yashari-Hosein — Turkey
Yates.- XXV. 24
Yates, Emma Jane. — x. 378
Yates, H.— xxn. 664
Yates, Haywood, & Co.— xxii. 384
Yates, T.— X. 9
Yates & Taylor.— XVIII. 24
Yates, W.— V. 777
Yeager & Ord.- United States, 56
Yeates, P. G.— xxi. 19
Yeates, G.— x. 332
Yeates, H.— xiv. 56
Yeatman, T. II.— United Stales, 11
Yerber, C. — Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 10
Yeo, D. D.— xxx. (Fine Art Crt.), 200
Yeomans & Son.— viii. 231
Yeomans, A.— Canada, 23
Yerbury, J.— xxix. 208
Yewdall & Son.— xn. & xv. 78
Yon, see Vechte, Gayrard, &c.
Yon, Mme. — France, 745
York & Sheepshanks. — xn. & xv. 49
Young, C, & Co.— Western end. North
side (Outside), 60 ; see also Harlow
& Young ; Simpson & Young ; Wat-
son, Young, & Co.
Young, C. & Co.— V. 600
Young, J.— n. 7n; vn, 171 ; x. 131
Young, J. H. & Co.— XI. 12
Young & Son.— X. 366
Young, W.— XXII. 442
Young, Dowson, & Co.— vni. 92
Younge, H. — xxn, 161
Younger, see Thompson, Younger, fi Co.
Youzl>ash, K. — Russia, 129
Yrabuiu, G.— Spain, 275
Ysasi, D. M. de.-Spain, 51, 267. 284
Yuill, see Abercrombie & Yuill
Yurglienson. — Russia, 72
Yust & Co.— Si>aiii, 47
cxcii
INDEX OF EXHIBITORS AND OTHERS.
Zaalberg, J.C.,& Son.— Nellicrlaiidi, 34
Xabala, l>. V.— Spain, 129. 240
Z»b«m, T.— Zollvereiii (6), 78
Zadig, J. B.— France, IA35
Xaeliner & SchieH. — Switierland, 14.1
Zahn, J., MM. — Auitria, 999
XB.hu & Volbrecht.— Zullverrin (6), 12
Zaii, W.— Zollvereiii, (4), 48
Zakharoff, S.— Kunia, 108
Zakhert, W.— Russia, 185
Zaiogliiii.— Runia, '209
Zamaii & Co. — Belgium, 136
Zamboiia, Q., «ee Zambona, J. & O.
Zamboiia, J. & G.— Zollvereiii (I), 330
Zamhra, tee Negretti & Zambra. — x.
160a
Zambrano, J. — Spain, 111
Zamiatiii, ««e Puliakoir& Zamiatin
Zamora, Inipectur of Mitiei of the (!!«•
trict of.— Spain, 20
Zandra, J. — Auatria, 693
Zanoli, C. A.— Zollvereiu (1), 859
Zapf, J.— Aiuiria, 31U
Zaphirakia, Z. — Greece, 1
Zapparelli, G. — Austria, 733
Zasclie, J. — Austria, 628
Zastirebeiki, F. — BrlKium, 176
Zavagli, P. — Tuscany. 49
Zayas, J. — Spain, 168
Zebger, F. W.— Zollverein (1), 308
Zeegers, F. — Netherlands, 96
Zegelaer, E.— Belgium, 280
Zeiger, A. — France, 747
Zeigler, H.— Switzerland, 108
Zeiler, F.— Zollvereiii (2). 93
Zeisel, J. & Blumel, J. & Co. — Austria,
320
Zeisig, H.— Zollverein (I), 223
Zeitler, J.— Austria, 687
Zeitler, M.— Russia, 343
Zeitlinger, J.— Austria, 450
Zeitliiiger, J. A. — Austria, 43!
Zeitler &Winkelmaiiii. — Zollverein (I),
709
Zeiti, J. F.— Zollverein, 841
Zelisko, A. — Austria, 170
Zeiler, F.— Zollverein (4\ I
Zeiler, H.— Switierland, 144
Zeiler & Co.— Switzerland, 133
Zeiler & Son*.— Switzerland, 133
Zellweger, S. — Switzeilaiid, 1-13
Z'!mberg Mine, Dobschau (Hungary).
— Austria, 7
Zemskoff.— Russia, 113
Zep))erzauer, set Fries & Zepperzauer
Zeschke, L.— Zollverein (1), '259
Zetlerberg, C— Sweden & Niirway, 10
Zibermayr, M. — AustriH, 132
Ziegler, Brothers.- Zollverein (1), 784
Ziegler & Haiiumann. — Zollverein (3),
92
Ziegler, H.— SwiUerland, 108
Ziegler, J. — Austria, 156
Ziegler, Baron T.— Zollverein (1), 36
Ziegler, T. & Co Switzerland, l-i6
Ziegler-Pellis, J.— Switzerland, 260
Zilfoogar-Beck & Iskaudu-Beck-Ogli.
— Russia, 51
Zimmer, Dr.— Zollverein (5), 3
Zimmerman, G. & S. — xxill. 80
Zimmerman, 8., tee Zimmerman, G.&S.
Zimmerman & Son. — Zollveieiii (I),
718
Zimmermann, see Schiflnier & Zimmer-
maiiii ; Spoerlin & ZimmFrmanii.
Zimmermann's, B., Heirs. — Austria,
452
Zimmermann, C. — Zollverein (3), 24
Zimmcrmaiiii, B. G. — Zollverein (5), 19
Zindell, sc« Mayer & Ziiidell
Zipelius, G., & Fiiuiis.— France, 1738
Zirkenbach, —Zollverein (l),79l
Zjcisel, J., & Blumel, J. & C— Aus-
tria, 320
Zlataoust, Imperial Artinsk Works. —
Riiuia, 8, 167
Zlalaouit, Imperial Manufactory of
Fire-arm* of. — Russia, 14. 161
Zlalaoiikt, Imperial Salkinsk Iron
Works.— Russia, 17
Zobel, J.— Zollverein (1), 193
Zohel, W.— Zollverein (1), 100
Zois, Widow Cail, Ironwork*. — Au*-
tria, 405
Zulesi, S, — Sardinia, 2
Zullmann & Steigerthull. — Zollverein
(I), 566
Zolotoreff, J.— Russia, 136
Zotoff, Bnithers.— Russia, 218
Zoubtiff, D., & A. Stepouiiiii. — Russia,
180
Zoude & Co.— Belgium, 388
Zox, Ij. — XX. 59
Zscliille, Brothers Zollverein (3), 138
Zschille, F. & Co.— Zollverein (3), 119
Zschille, J. C. & K.— Zullv. (I), 84 1
Zuber, J. — Hamburgh, 107
Zuber, J. & Co. — Fruiice, 1336
Zuccani, B. — xxx. ;J48
Zufriedeiiheit, see Busbacher, &c.
Zuloaga, E.— Spain, 264
Zuluaga. E.— Spain, 264a
Zuluela, J.— Spain, 179a
Zuppiiiger, T.— Switzerland, 209
Zupiiiiiger& Sons. — Switzerland, 153
Zurrer, J. Switzerlanil, 133
Zuurdeeg, J. & Son. — Netherlands, 33
Zweesaardt, A. — Netlierlanils, 1 1 1
Zweibriickeii MecliBnical School (Ba-
varia).- Zollverein (2), 32
Zwerger, Van, Uefliier and Weiss. —
Zollverein (4), 52
Zwickl, J.— Austria, 138
I. — Zullvereii
INTRODUCTION.
The activity of the present day chiefly developes itself in commercial industry,
and it is in accordance with the spirit of the age that the nations of the world have
now collected together their choicest productions. It may be said without pre-
sumption, that an event like this Ejdiibition could not have taken place at any
earlier period, and perhaps not among any other people than ourselves. The
friendly confidence reposed by other nations in our institutions; the perfect
security for property; the commercial freedom, and the facility of transport,
which England pre-eminently possesses, may all be brought forward as causes
which have operated in establishing the Exhibition in London. Great Britain
offers a hospitable invitation to all the nations of the world, to collect and display
the choicest fruits of their industry in her Capital ; and the invitation is freely
accepted by every civilized people, because the interest both of the guest and
host is felt to be reciprocal.
But the consideration of the wide moral agencies which have contributed to
produce the present Exhibition must be postponed, and we proceed at once to
trace the course of the more direct influences which have lead to its establishment.
Fairs, which are one sort of exhibitions of works of industry, have been
established for centuries, in every part of the United Kingdom ; but exhibitions
resembling the present institution, in which the race is for excellence, and direct
commerce is not the primary object, have taken place only during the last cen-
tury, and have been originated by individuals, or societies, independently of any
G'^-. o»ument assistance. As early as the years 1756-7 the Society of Arts of
London offered prizes for specimens of manufactures, tapestry, carpets, porcelain,
&c., and exhibited the works which were offered in competition. About the
same period, the Royal Academy, as a private society, patronized by the Sovereign,
more in a personal capacity than as representing the head of the Legislature,
had orfranized its exhibitions of painting, sculpture, and engraving.
The fiist exhibition of industrial productions in France, recognised aa a national
institution, occurred in 1798, a second took place in 1801, a third in 1802, and a
fourth in 1806. But it was not imtil the year 1819, that the expositions of
French industry have taken place systematically ; and it is only since that time
that the influence of them has been markedly felt in Europe.
During the last thirty years, in each of the metropolitan cities of the United Ucni Exiiibitioiw
Kingdom, and the most important manufacturing towns, one or more exhibi- dom." ""'"
tions of machinery and manufactures have been held ; and it may be recorded that,
B
I
2 INTRODUCTION.
US early as 1829, tho Royal Dublin Society had founded an exhibition of works
of art, science, and manufacture, to be held tricnnially, to which, however, Irish
productions only were admitted until the year 1850. But the local exhibition of
Birmingham, held in the autumn of the year 1849 — originating with individuals,
self supporting in its management, and comprehensive in the scope of the objects
exhibited — may be said to have most nearly resembled the Exhibition of the present
year. All similar exhibitions, in fact, have been essentially of a private and local
character, none of them receiving any kind of Government or national sanction,
if we except the exhibition of manufactures applicable to the decoration of the
Houses of Parliament, which was instituted by the Fine Arts Commissioners.
To follow the links of the chain which have connected the present Exhibition
with the national sympathies and support, we must revert to the French exposition
in 1844. The great success of that exposition caused several representations to be
made to members of the Cabinet, of the benefit which a similar exhibition would be
likely to confer on the industry of the United Kingdom, and some efforts were
made to obtain the assistance of the Government, but with no apparent results.
No hopes whatever were held out that the Government would undertake any
pecuniary liabilities in promoting such an exhibition. It may be mentioned that,
even so late as the year 1848, a proposal to establish a self-supporting exhibition
of British industry, to be controlled by a Royal Commission, was submitted
to His Royal Highness the Prince Albert, and by him laid before the Govern-
ment ; still the Government hesitated to take up the subject, and it became quite
evident to those parties who were most desirous of witnessing the establishment
of a national exhibition, that if such an event should ever take place, it would have
to be carried out independently of any Government assistance.
It is a marking feature * i all the institutions and great works of our country,
that they are the consequences of popular wishes. It is not until wants become
national, and that combined action becomes essential to success, that the people
seek the aid of the Govemmeut. The great constitutional freedom which this
coimtry enjoys, may be ascribed in some measure to the reluctance which the
Government always shows to act on behalf of the people in any case where it is
possible they can act for themselves. A great part of the success which has at-
tended the institution of this Exhibition, may be attributed to its independence of
the Government ; and it may be the boast of our countrymen that the Exhibition was
originated, conducted, and completed independently of any Government aid what-
ever, except its sane' *on. Assistance has only been sought from the Government
when it was indispensable, as in correspondence with foreign countries, the pro-
vision of a site for the building, the organization of police, &c. ; and wherever
such assistance, when granted, would have entailed expense, the cost of it lias been
defrayed from the funds of the Exhibition.
R«hiwti<m»ofthe Step by step, the subject of a national exhibition, and the means of real-
izing it, became connected with the Society of Arts. In June, 1845, a com-
mittee of members of that Society was formed to carry out an exhibition of
national industry, and funds were subscribed by the individuals forming the
committee to meet the preliminaiy expenses. An inquiry »<-as set on foot to
ascertain the disposition of manufacturers to support t: •• exhibition, but the
attempt failed and was abandoned. In 1847 the Council of the Society sub-
stituted action for theory, and, in the midst of discouragement, cstablislied
a limited exhibition of maniifactures, professedly ns the beginning of a series.
Society or Arts.
INTRODUCTION.
8
ssioners.
The succeM of this exhibition determined the Council to persevere, and to
hold similar exhibitions annually. Accordingly in the next year the experiment
was repeated with such greatly increased success, that the Council felt warranted
in announcing their intention of holding annual exhibitions, as a means of esta-
blishing a quinquennial Exhibition of British Industry, to be held in 1851.
Having proceeded thus far, the Council sought to connect the Schools of Design,
located in the centres of manufacturing industry, with the proposed exhibitions,
and obtained the promised co-operation of the Board of Trade, through the Pre-
sident, Mr. Ladouchere ; moreover, with a view to prepare a suitable building,
they secured the promise of a site from the Earl of Carlisle, then Chief Com-
missioner of Woods and Forests, who offered either the central area of Somerset
House, or some other Government ground. In the year 1849 the exhibition,
still more successful tlian any preceding, consisted chiefly of works in the precious
metals, some of which were graciously contributed by Her Majesty. To aid in
carrying out their intention of holding a National Exhibition in the year 1851,
the Council of the Society caused a report on the French Exposition, held in
1849, to be made for them and printed. A petition was also presented by the
Council to the House of Commons, praying that they might have the use of some
public building for the exhibition of 1851, which was referred to the Select
Committee on the School of Design.
HisRoTAL Highness THE Pkixce Albert, as President of the Society, had Eniwged by
of course been fully informed, i'rom time to time, of all these proceedings, which
had received His Royal Highness's sanction and approval ; but immediately after
the termination of the session of 1849, the Prince took the subject under his own
personal superintendence. He proceeded to settle the general principles on which
the proposed exhibition for 1851 should be conducted, and to consider the mode
in which it should be carried out.
His Royal Highness has himself fully expressed the views which prompted hi. iio>.i High-
him to take the lead in carrying out the Exhibition, and on the occasion of the "•"'•"•'*
banquet to promote the Exhibition, given by Mr. Farncomb, the Lord Mayor
of London, to the municipal authorities of the United Kingdom, His Royal
Highness declared these views in the following terms : —
It must, indeed, be most gratifying to me, to find that a suggestion which I had thrown
out, as api)earing to me of importance at this time, should have met with such universal
concurrer.ce and approbation ; for this has proved to me that tlie view I ♦ook of the peculiar
character and requirements of our age was in accordance with the feelings and opinions of the
country. Gentlemen, I conceiv it to be the duty of eveiy educated person closely to
watch and study the time in which he lives ; and, as far as in him lies, to add his humble
mite of individual exertion to further the accomplishment of what he believes Providence to
have ordained. Nobody, however, who has paid any attention to the particular features ot
our present era, will doubt for a moment that wo are living at a period of most wonderful
transition, which tends rapidly to the acconipiishment of that great end to which, indeed,
all history points — the realization of the unity of mankind. Not a unity which breaks
down the limits, and levels the peculiar characteristics of the different nations of the earth,
but rather a unity the result and product of those very national varieties and antagonistic quali-
ties. The distances which separated the diilerent nations and parts of the globe are
gradually vanishing before the achievements of modern invention, and we can traverse them
with incredible ease ; the languages of all nations are known, and their acquirements placed
within the reach of everybody ; thought is communicated with the rapidity and even by the
power of lightning. On tlie other iiand, the great principle of division of labour, which may
B 2
INTHODUOnON.
bo called tho moving power of civilization, is being extended to all branches of science,
industry, and art. Whilst formerly tlic greatest mental energies strove at universal know-
ledge, and that knowledge was confined to the few, now they are directed to sj)ecialtie8, and
in tliuse again even to the minutest points ; but tlie knowledge acquired l)ccomes at once
tlic property of the community at large. Whilst formerly discovery was wrapt in sccresy,
the publicity of the present day causes that no sooner is a discovery or invention made,
than it is already improved U|x)n and surpassed by competing elTorts ; the products of all
quarters of the globe are placed at om- disposal, and wo have only to choose which is the liest
and cheapest for oiw purpuses, and the powers of production are intrusted ui the stimulus of
competition and capital. So man is approaching a more comploto fulfilment of that great and
sacred mission which he has to perform in this world. His reason being created after tho
image of God, ho has to use it to discover tho laws by wliich tho Almighty governs his
creation, and, by making these laws his standard of action, to conquer Nature to his use —
himself a divine instrument. Science discovers these laws of power, motion, and trans-
formation : industry applies them to the raw matter, which the earth yields us in abundance,
but which becomes valuable only by knowledge ; art teaches us the immutable laws of
beauty and symmetry, and gives to our productions forms in accordance with them.
Gentlemen, — The Exhibition of 1851 is to give us a true test and a living picture of tho
point of development at which the whole of mankind has arrived in tliis gnat task, and a
new starting jwint from which all nations will be able to direct their furtlier exertions. I
confidently hope the first impression which the view of this vast collection will produce
upon the sijoctator will be that of deep thankfulness to tho Almighty for the blessings
which He has bestowed upon us already here below ; and the second, the :onviction that
they can only be realized in proportion to tho help which we are prepared to render to each
other — therefore, only by peace, love, and ready assistance, not only between individuals,
but between the nations of tlie earth.
On the 29tli June, 1849, the general outlines of the Exlxibition were discussed
by His Koyal Highness ; and from that day to the present time, accurate accounts
of all proceedings have been kept, and the greater part of them printed and
MeeUiiif «t Bock- published The minutes of a meeting of severd members of the Society of Arts,
held at Buckingham Palace on the 30th June, set forth as follows : —
His Royal Highness communicated his views regarding the formation of a Great Collec-
tion of Works of Indastry and Art in London in 1861, for the purposes of exhibition, and
of competition and encouragement.
His Royal Highness considered that such Collection and E:;hibition should consist of tho
following divisions : —
Raw Materials. - , . .
Machinery and Mechanical Inventions.
Manufactures.
Sculpture and Plastic Art generally.
It was a matter of consideration whether such divisions should be made subjects of simul-
taneous exhil.:*^ir.n, or be taken separately. It was ultimately settled that, on tlie first
occasion at least, thoy should be simultaneous.
Various sites were suggested as most suitable for the building ; which it was settled
must be, on the first occasion at least, a temporary one. Tho Government had oflered the
area of Somerset House ; or if that were unfit, a more suitable site on the property of tho
Crown. His Royal Highness pointed out the vacant ground in Hyde Park on the st)uti»
side, parallel with, and bet^veen, tho Kensington drive and the ride commonly called Rotten
Row, as affording advantages which few other places might be found to possess. Applica-
tion for this site could be made to the Crown.
It was a question whether this £.\hibition should be exclusively limited to British
I
INTRODUCTION.
industry. It was considered that, whilst it appears an error to fix any limitation to the pro-
ductions of machinery, science, and taste, which arc of no country, but belong, as a whole,
to the civilized world, particular advantage to British industry might be derived from
pbcing it in fair competition with that of other nations.
It was further settled that, by offering very large ]>romium8 in . ?y, sufficient induce-
ment would be held out to the various manufacturers to protluce worlds which, although
they might not form a manufacture profitable in the general market, would, by the effort
necessary for their accomplishment, permanently raise the powers of production, and
improve the character of the manufacture itself.
It was settled that the best mode of carrying out the execution of these plans would be
by means of a Royal Commission, of which His Royal Highness would be at the head.
His Royal Highness proposed that inasmuch as tlie home trade of the country will lie en-
couraged, as many questions regarding the introduction of foreign productions may arise, —
in so far also as the Crown property may be aflbcted, and Colonial products imported, — the
Secretaries of State, the Chief Commissioner of Woods, and the President of the Board of
Trade, should Iks ex-officio members of this Commission ; and for the execution of its details
some of the i)arties present, who are also members or officers of the Society of Arts, and
who have lx;en most active in originating and preparing for the execution of this plan,
should be suggested as members, and that the various interests of the commiuiity also should
be fully represented therein.
It was settled that a draft of the jiroposed Commission, grounded on precedents of other
Royal Commissions, be pre|>ared, and that iufomiation regarding the most expeditious and
direct mode of doing this be pi-ocured, and privately submitted to Her Majesty's Goveru-
jnent, in order that no time be lost in preparation for the collection when the authority of
the Govern jnt shall have been obtained.
It was settled that a subscription for donations on a large scale, to carry this object into
effect, would liuve to be organized immediately. It was suggested that the Society for
Encouragement of Arts under its charter ))ossessed machinery and an organization which
might be useful, both in receiving and holding the money, and in assisting the working
out of the Exposition. — (^Minutes of the Meeting on the 'dOth of June, 1849, at Buckingham
Palace.)
The minutes of a second meeting held ou the 14th July, at Osborne, arc as Meetini; at
loUows :
His Royal Highness stated that he had recently communicated his views regarding the
formation of a great collection of works of industry and art in London in 1851, for the pm--
pose of exhibition, and of conipotition and encouragement, to some of the leading statesmen,
and amongst them to Sir Robert Peel.
His Royal Highness judged, as the result of these communications, that the importance
of the subject was fully appreciated, but that its great magnitude would necessarily require
some time for maturing the plans essential to secure its complete success.
His Royal Highness communicated that he liad also requested Mr. Labouchere, as Pre-
sident of the Board of Trade, to give his consideration to this subject. Mr. Labouchere
was now at Osborne, and His Royal Higiinoss expressed his desire that he should be pre-
sent at this meeting, Mr. Labouchere was accordingly invited to be present.
His Royal Highness gave it as his opinion that it was most important that the co-operation
of the Government and sanction of the Crown should be obtained ''jr the undertaking ; but
that it ought to ha matter for serious consideration how that co-operation and sanction could
be most expediently given.
Mr. Labouchere stated that the whole subject would have the very best consideration
he could give it ; and on behalf of the Ministry, he could promise an early decision as to the
manner in which they could best give their co-operation.
He suggested tliat if, instead of a Royal Commission being formed, to include some of
PUnof
ppentioni.
6 INTRODUCTION.
t
the chief membera of Her Mi\je&ty'H Qovernmcnt, thow) Muno Ministers were to Ixs elected
tnemberii of a Managing Committeo of tlie Society of Arts, tliis object might pcrha[i8 be as
well uccompiiiihed.
It was explained to Mr. LADOUCiiERk: that the exertions of the Society of Arts would
be given to the undertaking, to the utniout extent to which they could be useful ; but that
these functions would necessarily be of an executive and fuiuncial nature, rather than of a
judicial and k>gislntive character.
It was furtlicr urged by the three members of the Society, that one of the requisite con-
ditions for the acquironu lit of |)ul)lic conBdcnco was, that the body to be appointed for tlie
exorcise of those functions should have a suiHciently elevated position in the eyes of the
public, and should be removed sufficiently high above tlie intoiests, and remote from the
liability of being influenced by the feelings of com))etitors, to place beyond all |)os8ibility
any accusation of partiality or undue influence ; and that no less elevated tribunal than one
ap|)ointed by the Crown, and presided over by His Royal Highness, could have that stand-
ing and weight in the country, and give that guarantee for impartiality tliat would command
the utmost exertions ui all the most eminoiit manufacturers at home, and fiarticulnrly
abroad : moreover, that the mast decided mark of national sanction must be given to this
undertaking, in order to give it the confidence, not only of all classes of our o^vn countrymen,
but also of foreigners accustomed to the ex|K)sitions of their own coimtries, which are con-
ducted and supported exclusively by their (iovernmeiits.
It was also stated that, under such a sanction, and with such plans as now proposed,
res|)onsible parties would, it was believed and could be proved, be fou il ready to place at
the disposal of the Commission sufficient funds to cover all preliminary exp<'nses and the
risks incidental to so great an undertaking.
Mr. Labouchkre expressed his sense of the great national importance of the proposal,
and wished such further communication on the subject as might enable him fully to under-
stand it, to be able better to consider the matter with his colleagues in the Cabinet
At the same time a general outline of a plan of operations was submitted : —
I. A Royal Commission. — For ])ronioting Arts, Manufactures, and Industry, by means
of a great Collection of Works of Art and Industry of Al! Nations, to be formed in London,
and exhibited in 1861. President, His RoYAL HiOHJuW Pkince Aldkrt.
1. The duties and powers of the Commission to extend to the determination of the
nature of the prizes, and the selection of the subjects for which they are to bo
offered.
2. The definition of the nature of the Exhibition, and the best manner of conducting
all its proceedings.
3. The determination of the method of deciding the prizes, and the rospousibilitv ot
the decision.
II. The Society of Arts. — To organize the means of raising funds to be placed at
the disposal of tlie Commission for Prizes, and to collect the funds and contributions to
l)rovide a building and defray the necessary expenses to cover the risks of the collection
and exhibition ; and to provide for the permanent establishment of these Quinquennial
Exhibitions.
Tiie prizes proposed to be submitted for the consideration of the Commission to be
medals, with money prizes so large as to overcome the scruples and prejudices even of the
largest and richest manufacturer, and ensure the greatest amount of exertion. It was pro-
posed that the first prize should be £5,000, and tliat one, at least of £1,000, should be
given in each of the four sections. Medals conferred by the Queen would very much
enhance the value of the prizes.
Mr. Labouchere finally stated that the whole matter should be carefully considered ;
but that there was no use in bringing it before the Cabinet at the moment of a closing
session -^that the Cabinet would now disperse, and not meet again till the autumn. The
iNTRODUCmON.
interval from now to October or November mi(;ht bo moil dfliy cmpl« I by tht>
^Society in collecting more detaik>U evidence an to the rcaJincsH oi 6\0 groat ' ifactnnn
and comnierctul intcrestit to Hubscrilx; to and Hup^Mirt the undertaking, and ))c |«)"iinHi'il
«iin|)loy that interval in further iiit'ormiug liinrnvlf, and endeavouring to oacertiiin tl
general feeling of tho country on the Hubject, — (Minutes of the Meeting on the 14tA (</ Jiiki,
1840, at ashorne.)
On tho 31st July, 1849, His Royal Hijrlinow addressed a letter to the Homo ti» rrhw. m-
Secretary, in order to bring the subject ofliciully to the notice of Her Majesty's 8««t«»y.
Government,
Sir, Osborne, July 31, 1849.
Thk Society of Arts having during sovoral years formed exhibitions of
works of national industry, which have been very succesaful, Injlieve that they Imve thereby
acquired sufficient exiwrience, and have sufficieiitiy pro|mred tlio public mind, to venture
upon tho execution of a plan they have long cherished — to invito a Quinquennial Exhibition
in London of the Industry of All Nations.
They think that the only condition wanting to ensure the success of such an undertaking,
would be the mnction of tho Crown, given in a conspicuous manner ; and they are of
o|>inion that no more eflicacious mode could l)e adopted than the issue of a Royal
Commission to inquire into, and report uiKjn, the practicability of the scheme, and tho Ixjst
mode of executing it
I have therefore been asked, as President of tho Society, to bring this matter officially
before you, and to beg that Her Majesty's Government will give this subject tlu3ir best
consideration.
The Exhibition was proposed to lx> invited for 1851, and tho magnitude of the necessary
preliminary arrangements renders it highly desirable tliat the decision which the Govern-
ment may liave come to should be ascertained within tho siiacc of a few months.
1 liave, &c.,
Tho Right Honourable (Signed) Aldeut.
Sir George Grey, Bart., CCB.,
&c. &c. &c.
Sin, WMtehaU, August \st, 1840. .tiu»nr.
I HAVE had the honour to receive your Royal Highness's letter of the 31st
July, suggesting the issue of a Royal Commission to inquire into, and . port upon, the
practicability of a scheme which bos been formed by the Society of Arts for a Quinquennial
Exhibition in London of the Lidustry of all Nations.
I shall not fail, in obedience to your Royal Highness's command, to take au early opjwr-
tunity of bringing this important subject under the consideration of Her Blajesty's
Government, and I am confident that it will receive their careful and deliberate attention.
I have, &c.,
(Signed) G. Gkey. ,
To His Royal Highness Prince Albert, K.G.
(^Minutes of the Meeting on the 3rd of September, 1 849, at Balmoral.)
In this stage of the proceeding it became necessary to place the accomplishment Pecuniary
of the undertaking, as far as possible, beyond a doubt. Having acquired experience, "ISHniSioS
in 1845, of the difficulties to be encountered, the Council of the Society of Arts"' """"°'^"
felt that the proposal must not be brought a second time before the public as an
hypothesis, but that the only means of succeeding was to prove that they had
both the will and the power to carry out the Exhibition. The Society had no
funds of its own available for the advances necessary to be *uade. The outlay for a
INTRODUCTION.
ViaiU to tlio
mKiiurm'turinK
dittrioU.
buildini^ upon tho acalo tlion thought of, and for proHtninary oxpouKi, wot
ostiiniitLHl at tho looat at £70.000.
Ailor much iruItlvM negotiation with Bovorul ImildcrH and contractors, an agree-
ment woa mode l)ctwecn tho Society of Arts and tho McMm. MuNDAV, by which tho
latter undertook to deposit £20,000 as a prize fund, to erect a suitable building,
to find oflices, to advance tho nionoy recpiisito ibr all preliminary cxi)cnso8, and to
irko tho whole risk of loss on curtain conditions. It was proposed that tlio receipts
arising from tho Exhibition should be dealt with as follows : — The £20,000 prizo
fund, tlio cost of tho building, and five per cent, on all a<lvanccs, were to bo
repaid in tho flrst instance : tho residue was then to bo divided into three equal
parts ; one part wus to be paid at once to tho Society of Arts us a fund for future
exhibitions ; out of tho other two parts all other incidental costs, such as those
of general manogetncnt, preliminary expenses, &c., were to be paid ; and tho
residue, if any, was to bo tho remuneration of tho contractors, lor their outlay,
trouble, and risk. Subsec^uently tho contractors agreed that instead of thia
division they would be content to receive such part of tho surplus, if any, as,
ol'tcr payment of all cxpcnscy, nught be awarded by arbitration. This contract
was niiule on 23rd August, 1849, but tho deeds wore not signed until tho 7th
November following.
For tho purpose of carrying tho contract into execution on behalf of tho
Society, tho Council nominated an Executive Committee of four members, who
wore aflerwards appointed the Executive in the Royal Commission, and tho con-
tractors their own nominee. In thus making the contract with private parties for
tho execution of wliat, in fact, would become a national object, if the proposal
should be entertained by the public, every care was taken to anticipate the public
wishes, and to provide for the public interests. It was foreseen that if the public
identiiied itself with the Exhibition, they would certainly prefer not to bo
indebted to private enterprise and capitid for carrying it out. A provision was
made with the contractors to meet this probability, by whicli it was agrecl, that
if the Treasury were willing to take the place of the contractors, and pay tlio
liabilities incurred, the Society of Arts should have the power of determining tho
contract before the 1st February, 1850. In the event of an exercise of this power
the compensation to be paid to the Messrs. MUNDAY for their outlay and tho risk
was to be settled by arbitration.
The Society of Arts having thus secured the performance of the pecuniary
part of the undertaking, the next step taken was to ascertain the readiness of tho
public to promote the Exliibition. It has been shown that tho proof of this
readiness would materially influence Her Majesty's Government in consenting to
the proposal to issue a Royal Commission to superintend the Exhibition. The
Prince Alhert, as President of the Society of Arts, therefore commissioned
several members of the Society, in the autumn of 1849, to proceed to the
" manufacturing districts of the coxmtry, in order to collect the opinions of tho
leading manufacturers, and further evidence with reference to a Great Exhibition
of the Industry of all Nations *o be held in London in the year 1851, in order
that His Royal Highness might bring the results before Her Majesty's Govern-
ment." Commissioners were appoint' ' ^i its made, and reports of the results
submitted to the Prince, from which it appc; red that 65 places, comprehending
the most important cities and towns of the United Kingdom, had been visited.
Public meetings had been held, and local committees of assistance formed in them.
INTHODUCTION. 9
It further appeared tliut nearly 5000 iniluontial poraoiu liad registered thomKlvoa
aa proinotRn of the propoicd Kxliibition.
TJpon the prcscntution of thei«3 reports to Her Majenty'ii Oovommcnt, the j{^»*Jp^7JJjJj;
Quci'n WiUH plua8u<l to insuu the following Comniisaion, which wna published in
tho London Gazette of 3rd January, 1B50 :—
«
Victoria, U.
Victoria, by the groco of Ood, of tho Unitod Kin^loni of CI mat Rrititiri and
Irc'li\i\d, Queon, DifiiidtT uC tlie Faith; To Our moot dciirly-lH'lovod CoiiiKjrt Hin Ilnyal
Hlj{liiii .s Fbancis Alueut AuouHru.s Ciiaki.km Kmanukl, Oiiko of Saxony, Princo of
8AX^.■ConuKo and Gopiia, Knight of Our Most NoliU- Ordi-r of tin; (lurtcr, arnl Fii*ld-
^urHlml in Our army ; — Our right trusty and right entirely well-beloved cousin and Coun-
cillor WAi/rEH Francis Duko of Bucclkucii and Qukknhiikhry, Knight of Our Most
Noblo Order of the Garter; Our right trusty and riglit wcll-ltelovwl cousin Wii.mam Kail
of R08HK, Knight of Our Most Illustrious Onler of St. Patrick ; Our right trusty and right-
well iHiioved cousins and Councillors, Giianvillk Gkoikik Earl Granviu-k, and Francis
Eurl of Ei.Li':8HKRi!! ; Our right trusty and wcll-l)olovcd Councillor Edward Gkokkrky
Lord Stani^ey ; Our right trusty and weil-lielovod Councillors, John Russkll (roninionly
called Lord John Uusskll), Sir Robhrt Pekl, Haronet, Hknry Labouciikuk, and
Wilmam Ewart Olapstone ; Our trusty and well-beloved Sir Archihalp Gai.i.O-
WAY, Knight Commander of Our Most Honourable Order of the Bath, and Major-(i(iieral
in Our Army in tho East Indies, Chairman of tho Court of Directors of tho East India
Company,* or tho Chairman of the Court of Directors of tho East India Com|)any for tho
time Iwing; Sir Richard Westmaoott, Knight ; Sir Charles Lyeu,, Knigiit, IVcsident
of tho Geological Society of London, or the President of tho Geological Society of London
for the time being ;| Thomas IUrino, Esquiro ; Charles Barky, Esquire; Thomas
Bazley, Esquire ; Richard Cobden, Esquire ; William Cubitt, Esfjuire, President of
the Institution of Civil Engineers, or the President of the Institution of Civil Enginwra
for tho time being; Charles Lock Eastlake, Esquire ;| Thomas Field Gibson,
Esquire; John Gott, Esquiro; Samuel JonI'S Loyd, Esquire ;§ Philip Puset, Esquire;
and William Thompson, Est^uiro, greeting :
Whereas the Society for the Pro-notion of Arts, Manufactures, and Commerce, incor-
porated by Our Royal Charter, of which Our most dearly-belove<l Consort the Princo
Albert is President, have of late years instituted Annual Exhibitions of the Works of
British Art and Industry, and have proposed to establish an enlarged Exhibition of tho Works
of Industry of all Nations, to be holden in London in the year 1851, at which Prizes and
Medals, to the value of at least Twenty Thousand Pounds Sterling, shall bo awarded to
tho Exhibitors of tho most meritorious works then brought forward ; and have invested in
the Names of Our right trusty and entirely beloved cousin Spencer Joshua Alwynb
Manjuess of Northampton ; Our right trusty and right well-lwlovod cousin and Councillor
George William Frederick Earl of Clarendon, Knight of Our Most Noble Order of the
Garter; Our trusty and well-lieloved Sir John Peter Boileau, Baronet, and James
CoURTHOPE Peaciie, Esquirp, the sum of Twenty Thousand Pounds, to be awarded in
Prizes and Medals as aforesaid : and have appointed our tnisty and well-beloved Arthur
Kett Barclay, Esquire, William Cotton, Esquire, Sir John William Lubbock,
Baronet, Samuel Morton Peto, Esquire, and Baron Lionel de Rothschild, to be the
• At his death in 1850, he v in .•ucceedcd by John Shepherd, Esq.
t Succeeded by William Hopkins, Esquire, M. A., Cambridge, though Sir C. Lyell still
remains a Commissioner by election under tho Royal Charter afterwards granted.
; Now Sir C. L. Eastlake, President of tho Royal Aoailemy,
§ Now Baron Overstonb.
10
INTRODUCTION.
Treasurers for nil Receipts arising from donations, subscriptions, or any other source on
behalf of or towiirils the said Exhibition ; Our trusty and well-bolovcd Plil'KU l.K Neve
FosTEU, Joseph Payne, ami Thomas VViNicwourii, Ewiuiros, to bo the Tro;usurcrs for
IMiynient of all Executive Expenses; and Our trusty and well-beloved Henry Cole,
CicaulesWeni'woiith DiLKio, the younger, George Duew, Fuancis Fuller, amlRoBEiir
Stephenson, Esquires, with our trusty and well-beloved Matthew Diory VVyatt,
Esijuiro, as their Secretary, to bo an Executive Conunitti>e for carrying the said Exhibition
into oflect, under tlio directions of Our most dearly beloved Consort :
And whereas the said Society for the Promotion of Arts, Manufactures, and Commerce,
have representeil unto Us, that in carrx'ini;; out the objects proposed by the said Exhibition,
niany (juestions may arise regariling the introduction of j)roductions int«i Our kingdom from
Our Colonies, and from Foreign Coiuitries ; also regarding the site for the said Exhibition ;
and the best mode of conducting the said Exhibition ; likewise regarding the determination
of the nature of the Prizes, and the means of securing the most impartial distribution ol
them ; ami have also Iwsought Us that We woukl be graciously pleased to give Our sanction
to this undertaking, in order that it may have the conlidence, not only of all classes of Our
subjects, but of the sulyects of Foreign Countries .
Now KNOW r .>u THAT \Ve, considering the jiremises, and earnestly desiring to promote
the jirojwscd Exhibition, which is calculated to be of great benefit to Arts, Agiicultmv,
Manufactures, and Commerce, and rcjjosing great trust and conlidence in your fidelity, dis-
cretion, and integrity, have authorized and api)ointed, ami by these ])resents do authorize
and appoint you. Our most dearly beloved Consort Francis Alreut Emanuel Duke of
Saxony, Prince of Saxe-Cououro ano GorHA, you Walter Francis Duke of Uuccleuch
AND Queensrerry; William Earl of llossE; Granville George Earl Granville;
Francis Earl of Ellesmerk; Edward Geoffrey Lord Stanley; John Russell
(commonly called Lord John Russell), Sir Robert Peel, Henry Lahouchere,
William Ewart Gladstone, Sir Arciiiuald Galloway, or the Chairman of the Court
of Directors of the Easu Ii.dia Company lor the time being. Sir RiciiARU Westmacott,
Sir Charles Lyell, or the President of the Geological Society for the time being,
Thomas Haring, Chaulics IUrry, Thomas Bazley, Richard Cobden, William Cubitt,
or the President of the Institution of Civil Engineers for the time being, Charles Lock
Eastlake, Thomas Field Gibson, John Gott, Samuel Jones Loyd, Philip Pusev,
and William Thompson, to make full and diligent inquiry, — into the best mode by which
the jiroductions of Our Colonies and of Foreign Countries may be introduced into Our
kingdom ; — as respects the most suitaljlc site for the said Exhibition, — the general conduct
of the said Exhibition ; — and also into the best mode of determining the nature of the
Prizes, and of securing the most impartial distribution of them :
And to the end that Our Royal Will and Pleasure in the said inquiry may be duly
prosecutal, and with exjK;dition, ^VE eurther, nv these Presen is, will and command,
and do hereby give full power and authority to you, or any three or more of you, to
nominate and api)oint such several persons of ability as you may think fit to be Local Com-
inissit)ners, in such parts of Our kingdom and in Foreign ])arts as you may think fit, to aid
you in the premises ; which said Local Commissioners, or any of them, shall and may be
removed by you, or any three or more of you, from time to time, at your will and j)leasure,
full power and authority being hereby given to you, or any three or more of you, to
apjwint others in their j)laces respectively.
And kurthersiore. We do, by these Presents, give and grant to you, or any three or
mere of you, full power and authority to call before }ou, or any three or more of you, all
such persons as you shall judge necessary, by whom you may be the better informed of the
tfutn of the premises, and to inquii-u of the premises, and every part thereoti by all other
lawful w .s and means whatsoever.
And Our further Will and Pleasure is. That for the purpose of aiding you in the
execution of these premises, Wc hereby apiwint Our trusty and well-bclovod John Scott
INTRODUCTION.
BussELli and Staffoud Hknkv Nohtucote,* Esquires, to bo joint Secretaries to this
Our Commission.
And for currying into ofl'ect what you sliall direct to 1)0 done in rosjM'ct of the said
Exliii)ition, We l:.>reby apjwint the said HiosiiY Com:, Chakucs Wentwokth Dilkk the
younger, Geouqe Dkkw, Fuancis Fuller, and Uoiiert Steimiensom, to be the Executive
Committee in tlie premises, and Maitjiew Diouy Wyatt to be the Secretjiry of tlie said
Executive Committee.
And Our kurtheu Will and Pleasure is. That you, or any three or more of you,
wlion and so often as need or occasion shall re(|uire, so long as this Our Commission shall
continue in force, do ntport to Us in writing, under your hands and seals res[)ectiv('ly, all
and every of the several proceedings of yourselves had by virtue of those i)resents, together
with such other matters, if any, as may be deserving of Our lioyal consideration touching
or concerning the premises.
And lastly. We do dy these Presents ordain. That this Our Commission shall
continue in full force and virtue, and that you Our said Commissioners, or any tlin-c or
more of you, shall and may, from time to time, and at any ])laco or places, proceeil in tho
execution thonnif, and of every matter and thing therein contained, although the same be
not continuetl fivm time to time l.y adjournment.
Given at Our Court at St. James's, the .3rd day of January,
in the 13th year of Our reign.
' By Her Majesty's Command,
G. Grey.
The forcsii'ht ol" the Society of Arts, wliich had provided a mode by which the pciciniinniion of
. , , , . , . ,. . • 1 1 1 !• • 1 f 11 • • llic (!oiitr«ft with
contract might be determined in conlormity with tlic public wishes, was iullyjusti- tiiitScicty or
lied by the event. So lav as the public manilestcd its opinion it appeared to be its
wish that the undertaking should be carried out as a national work. Accordingly
at the first meeting of the Commissioners, held on 11th January, 1850, the pro-
priety of confirming the contract was discussed, and they resolved to avail tlicm-
solvcs of the powers which the Council of the Society of Arts had reserved. The
first act of the Commissioners was the publication of the following announcement: —
The Royal Commissioners have felt it their duty, at this their first meeting, to take into
their immediate consideration the propricity of confirming the Contract which has been
entered into with Messrs. Mun'DAY.
They are perfectly satisfied that the contract was framed with the sah desire on the part
of the Society of Arts of promoting the objects of the Commission, — that in agreeing to it
at a time when tho success of tlie scheme was necessarily still doubtful, the Messrs. Munday
evinced a most liberal s])irit, — that it has hitherto ailbrded the means of defraying all the
preliminary expenses, — and that its conditions are strictly reasonable, and even favourable to
the public.
After hearing, however, the statements made by individual members of the Commission, —
after communicating with the Executive Committee, — ^tuid after a full consideration of tho
whole subject, — the Commissioners have come to the conclusion that it will be more con-
sonant with the public feeling, and therefore more conducive to the objects for which the
Commission has been appointed, to exercise tho power reserved, and at once and absolutely
to terminate the contract with the Messrs. Munday.
This determination necessarily throws the whole buixlen of tho Exhibition upon volunbiry
contributions. The experiment is of a national character, and the Commissioners feel that
it ought to rest for its sui)port upon national sympathies, and upon such liberal contributions
as those sympathies may dictate.
♦ Now Sir Stafford 11. Nortucote, Cart.
12
INTRODUCTION.
The amount of the funds which the public may place at the disposal of the Commis-
sioners must determine tiie extent of acconmKjdation which can be jjrovided for the Ex-
hibitors, and the terms on which admission can be given to the articles to bo exhibited, and
upon which also the public can be admitted to inspect them.
The Cbmmissioners wish it to bo understood that they are invested with u'.restricted
power over the application of the funds; that it is their intention to invite competition in
rcsiwct of all branches of expenditure to which competition can advantageously be applied ;
and that they will proceed, without delay, to establish regulations for insiuing an effectual
control over the expenditure, and a satisfiictory audit of the accounts.
The Commissioners feel, that in thus abandoning a contract which, regarded in a pecu-
niary point of view alone, is undoubtedly advantageous to the public, and resting tiie success
of the proposed experiment entirely upon public sympathy, they have adoj)ted a course in
harmony with the general feelings of the community.
It now rests with the public to determine, by the amount of their contributions, the
character of the proposed Exhibition, and the extent of benefit to industry in all its branches
which will result from it.
It is desirable that subscriptions for this great purpose be immediately commenced
throughout the United Kingdom, and the result ascertained with the least possible delay.
In the mean time the Commissioners will be actively engaged in pri3i)aring the various
measures, u|x)n which it will be their duty to come to a final decision as soon as tlioy are
enabled definitely to ascertain the extent of the pecuniary means which will be placed at
their disposal.
It is desirable, before giving any account of the proceedings under the Commis-
sion, to notice those changes which necessarily supervened upon the determination
of the contract. The Commission itself set forth that the functions of the
Commissioners were those of inquiry and general direction, whilst all the pecuniary
responsibilties, and the performance of all the executive duties, were to be carried
out by and in the name of the Society of Arts; but when the contract was
cancelled, although the Commission itself was not altered, the practical result was
to place on the Commissioners individually and personally the whole responsibility
of the midertaking, both pecuniary and executive. Under these circumstances
the Executive Committee felt it to be their duty to tender their resignations
{Min. iv., p. 3), which they did in the following terms : —
The members of the Executive Committee submit that tiie dissolution by the Royal
Commission of the contract, which they had been appointed for the purpose of carrying
out, has changed tlie nature of their functions, and even superseded many of tliem. They
are of opinion, therefore, that it is desirable that the Royal Commission should be left
as free to select the best organization for carrying their intentions into efllect, as if the
Executive Committee had never been appoinfaxl. They feel that they should not bo
acting in accordance with their sincere wishes of witnessing the perfect success of the
Exhibition, if they did not come forward to express their entirc readiness at once to place
their position in the hands of His Royal Highness the Prince Albert, and the Royal
Commissioners.
These resignations were not accepted, and some time elapsed before the
executive arrangements were conclusively modified to meet the altered circum-
stances of the case. It had been the original intention of the Society of Arts in
forming the contract, that in the event of its being determined, the liabilities of
the contractors should be simply transferred to the Government, and that the
original relations tetwcen the Commissioners and the Society of Arts should
have remained ; but this intention docs not seem to have been made sufficiently
clear by the deed, and it was not urged by the Society of Arts. The deed of
I
INTRODUCTION.
13
contract simply provided that the Treasury should have power to undertake the
liabilities and relieve the Society oi" Arts fiom them. This the Treasury did, Mutual iiabiiiticj
% • 1 • . /-( • • of the Treasury
but in doing so, at the same time took a guarantee from the Commissioners ami iiiccom-
themselves, and thus the whole responsibilities rested with them. The answer
of the Treasury to the Commissioners was that
My lords have no intention of rendering themselves liable to the payment of any sum on
this account ; but as it seems that a request from them, that the contract should be deter-
mined, is necessary in order to enable tlie Commissioners to carry out their own intentions,
they have no objection to tal<ing the formal step of making the request suggested by the
Commissioners to the Council of the Society of Arts, on receiving from the Commissioners
an undertaking that tiio money will be forthcoming when required by Messrs. Muxday in
conformity with the stipulations of tlie contract.
The Commissioners accordingly undertook that the money should be forth-
coming when required (Min. iii., p. 7). The Society of Arts gave the requisite
notices to the Messrs. Mu.n y, and in duo time all the outlay which they had
made, amounting to i'loni £23,000, with the interest which had accrued, was
repaid to them.
The pecimiary liabilities having thus devolved wholly on the Commissioners,
it became natural that they should desire to appoint a chief executive officer of
their own nomination. Heu Majesty was advised to issue supplemental com-
missions, appointing Mr. Egbert Stephenson, M.P., a commissioner, upon hia
resignation as Chairman of the Executive Committee, and Lieutenant-Colonel
W. Reid, R.E., Chairman of the Executive Committee in his place. These
appointments were made by the advice of tlie Government, Mr. Labouchebe
stating, " that the subject of the executive arrangements had been imder their
consideration, and that they had proposed to recommend to Her Majesty to
appoint Colonel Eeid to be Chairman of the Executive Committee " (Min. v.,
p. 1). The contractors themselves, as well as their nominee, thereupon ceasec' to
attend the meetings of the Executive Committee.
The earliest step which the Commissioners took after the determination of the rubiic suiacHp-
contract was to appeal to the country for subscriptions to carry out the Exhi- manngement.
bition. They announced that they had undertaken the absolute control over the
expendituie of all money that might come into the hands of their Treasurers, and
hsid made arrangements for auditing accounts, and ensuring the strictest economy.
It was pointed out that the scale upon which this important undertaking would
be conducted must depend entirely on the amount of pecuniary support which it
should receive from the public. The Commissioners appealed with confidence to
all classes of the community, to enable them to make such liberal arrangements as
would ensure the success of the undertaking in a manner worthy of the character
and position of this country, and of the invitation which had been given to the
other nations of the world to compete with us in a spirit of generous and friendly
emulation. It was announced that the amount of the funds which the public
might place at the disposal of the Commissioners must determine the extent of
accommodation which could be provided for the Exliibition ; and that should any
surplus remain, after giving every facility to the exhibitors, and increasing the
privileges 'of the public as spectators. Her Majesty's Commipsiduois intended to
apply the same to purposes strictly in connection with tlu' (.ucls of the Exhibition,
or for the establishment of similar exhibitions lor the future.
All subscriptions were considered to be sibsolute and definite; thoy wore paid
14
INTRODUCTION.
i
I
to the Treasurers of Local Committees, and by them transferred to the general
fund at tlie Iknk of England, in the names of the Treasurers named in the Royal
Commission. An Appendix to this introduction shows that tlie gross amount of
subscriptions reported as having been received has amounted to £75,000. Of
tliis above £04,000 has been paid to the Commissioners, the balance having been
reserved by the Local Committees to meet their expenses ol" collection, printing,
&c. The general financial position of the undertaking at the opening of the
Exhibition was as ibllows : —
Becoipt/i,
Subscriptions paid to April 22 f fi4, 344
For privilege to print the
Catalogues 3,200
For j>rivilogo to sell Rofresh-
nients 5,500
JJy Season Tickets to April 29 40,000
Adiuissiona of the Public
Royalty on siJo of Is. Cata-
logue
Revised
to
Sflpt. II.
C67,157
3,300
5, ,500
G7,597
274,521
Expenditure and Liahilitics.
Buihling £79,800
Extiu Galleries, Counters,
and their fittings, estimated
at 35,000
By Prize Fund 20,000
Management, including Print-
ing and all Incidental Ex-
penses incuiTed up to April 20, 943
Management since, including
award to Messrs. Munday
and part payment to Police
Refiaeil
lo
Sept. 11.
Il24,452
20,000
20,943
35,000 '
Cliartei of tneor-
podktioo.
(leKTal prhi-
rtpleHiif lli4^ Mx-
I
I
Subject to the approval of the Commissioners the direct control over this
expenditure has been exercised by a Finance Committee, consisting of Lord
Granville (Chairman), Lord Overstone, Mr. Labouciiere, Mr. Gladstone,
Sir Alexander Spearman, Mr. T. F. Gibson, Mr. T. Baring, Mr. Cobden,
and Mr. Peto, Mr. Edgar A. Bowrino has acted as Secretary to the Committee,
and Assistant Commissary-General Carpenter, as the financial ofiicer, has
administered the actual expenditure of the Commission.
The preceding statement of account shows that, even at the present time, n
considerable liability has been incurre<l by the Commissioners. At the period
when it became neces.sary to make positive arrangements for the erection of the
building, the actual receipts w^cre only £35,000 ; personal responsibility legally
attached to His Royal Highness the President, and to every member of the
Royal Commission, in respect of every pecuniary engagement. A remedy for this
somewhat anomalous position was obtained by means of a charter of incorporation,
and the formation of a guarantee fund. The first relieved the Commissioners
of all personal responsibility, and the second insured both the completion of tlie
undertaking, and the House of Commons from the liability of being required to
make any grant of the national funds towards it.
Letters Patent, df-ted July, 1850, were issued, incorporating the Commissioners,
under tlie title of "The Commissioners for the Exhibition of 1851," and the
charter was accepted 15th August, 1850 {Min. xxviii.. p. 1). A guarantee fund of
£230,000 was formed by a limited number of persons, includingmost of the Com-
missioners, and other friends of the Exhibition, one of whom opened the list with a
subscription of £50,000 : upon the security of this fund the Bank of England
consented to make such advances of money as might be wanted from time to time.
The fundamental principles upon which it was proposed the Exhibition should
be formed had been discussed and settled before the Commission was issued,
and are recited in the Commission itself. With the requisite limitations and
conditions, these principles were confirmed by the Commissioners, and formally
announced in the month of Fcbniary, 1850, so that there was a full year for
preparations. It was dcclarcxl tliat the productions of all nations would be
INTRODUCTION.
15
admitted, and classified lists of objects were prepared by Committees of eminent
persons in cuch department (whose niimcs are given in on Appendix), and published
to show the nature of the contributions which exhibitors were invited to send
in the four departments of lUw Materials and Produce, Machinery, Manu-
factures, and FiNi: Arts, The regulations by which certain articles were
excluded were as follows : —
Notliing is suitiiblo tor tho Exiiibition, oxcopt such results oi human industry as arc
capable of being preserved without injury during many months.
All spirits, wines, and fermented lifjuors, unless derived from unusual sources, are
Inadmissible, except in sjK'ciul cases, and under special restrictions ; and when oils, spirits,
&c., are cxhil)iti'd, to prevent accidents, they must be shown in well-secun^d glass vessels.
All highly-inllanmiablo articles, such as gunpowder, detonating powder, lucifor matclios,
&c., and all live stock, and articles perishable within the duration of the Exhibition, are
inadmissible, unless specially excepted.
In respect of the fourth section of the Exhibition, SCULPTURE, Models, and
the Plastic Art, the following were the limitations : —
Objects formed in any kind of material, if they exhibit such a degree of taste and skill as
to come under the denomination of Fine Art, may be admitted into this section.
The specimens exhil)ited shall be works of living artists, or works of artists deceased
within three years befoi'e the 1st of January, 1850.
Oil paintings and water-colour jiaintings, frescoes, drawings, and engravings, are not to
be admitted, except as illustrations or examples of materials and processes ; and portrait
busts are not to bo admitted.
No single artist will be allov/ed to exhibit more than three works.
It was also announced that the 1st day of May, 1851, was fixed for opening fjrenjnsji.xe''
the Exhibition, and tlie engagement has been kept : that Her Majesty had been
graciously pleased to grant a site for the Exiiibition on the south side of Hyde
Park, lying between the Kensington Drive and the Ride commonly called Rotten -
Row, and that exhibitors would be required to deliver their objects, at their own
charge and risk, at the building, which would be provided to them free fi:om
rent.
After much examination and inquiry, the Commissioners resolved that prices
were not to t)e affixed to the articles exhibited, although the articles might be
marked as shown for economy of production, and the price stated in an invoice to
be sent to the Commissioners for the information of the Juries.
It was clear that two very different systems of management would necessarily A<imimi<>n of
have to be adopted towards Foreign countries and the United Kingdom, arising
out of the different relations of guest and host. Although it was proposed that
the expenses of the building and management should be defrayed by voluntary
subscriptions, scrupulous care was taken on every occasion to discourage the
receipt of any subscription from any foreigner, resident at home or abroad. Over
the admission of British articles, the Commissioners reserved to themselves full
■ powers of control ; but as respects Foreign articles, the power of admitting them
was confided absolutely to an authority of the country Avhich sent them.
In order to give Foreign countries the utmost time for their preparations,
and long before the size or character of the building had been detei-mined, the
Commissioners resolved to divide a certain large amount of exhibiting space
among all Foreign countries, amounting in the whole to above" 210,000 superficial
for
18
INTRODUCTION.
feet, or rather more than the entire space which France occupied for its
two expositions of 1844 and 1849. It was estimated tliat this amount would be
about hull" the size of the building, wliich was considered to be a fair proportion.
te ~u'2.!L 'i'ho amount of space
which was oiFored to each Foreign country, and placed
at its absolute dbposal, was as follows : —
Net anpetflcial
Feet lillotted.
Net riperBcial
Feet allotted.
Arabia 600
Italy-
Belgium ....
. 15,000
Naples ....
. 2,500
Bolivia
100
Rome .
. 1,000
Brazil
. 1,000
Sardiiiia ,
. 1,500
Buenos Ayres .
500
Tuscany
. 3,750
Central America
300
Mexico
. 1,000
Chili
500
Monte Video
100
China ....
. 2,500
Morocco .
500
Denmark .
. 2,500
New Granada .
500
Egyp;
. 1,500
Norway and Sweden
2,600
Equator .
100
Persia
600
France
. 50,000
Peru
600
Portugal .
1,000
•
German-, —
RiLssia
7,600
Aavtria . . . . . 21,750
Spain
Switzerland
2,500
4,000
Northern Germany —
Tunis
500
States of the Stuervcrein . 2,260
Turkey .
5,000
The Two Mecklenbergs . 1,250
United States .
40,000
Hanse Towns . . . 1,500
Venezuela
400
Zollverein . , . . 30,000
Western Africa .
600
Greece 1,000
Holland ....
. 5 000
Total .
213,000
Subsequently these amounts were increased in several instances. France, for
example, obtained upwards of 05,000 superficial feet of exhibiting space, instead
ofonly 50,000 feet.
Accompanying the allotment of space sent to each Foreign covmtry and colony,
the following instructions were transmitted : —
No articles of foreign manufacture, to whomsoever they may belong, or wheresoever they
may be, can be admitted for exhibition, utdess tlwy come tcith the sanction of tlie central autho-
rity of the country of which they are the produce. All articles forwarded by such central
authority will then be admitted, provided tliey do not require a greater aggregate amoiuit
of sj)ace than that assigned to the productions of the country from which they come ; and,
l)rovided also, that they do not violate the general conditions and limitations. It will rest
with the central authority in each country to decide upon the merits of the several articles
jiresented for exhibition, and to take care tiiat those which are sent are such as fairly rej)te-
sent the industry of their fellow countrymen.
Her Majesty's Commissioners will consider that to be the central authority in each case
which is stated to be so by the Govon.mcnt of its country. Having once been put in com-
munication with a central authority in any country, they must decline, absolutely and
entirely, any communication with private and unautliorized individuals ; and should any such
1)0 addressed to them, they can only refer it to the central body. This decision is essen-
tially necessary, in order to prevent conlusion.
The Commissioners do not insist upon articles being in all cases actually thrvvarded by
the central authority, though tliey consider that tliis would generally be the moi.t satisfactory
I for its
would be
ortion.
id placed
4«t iupafloUl
t'«et lUlotteil.
2,500
1,000
1,500
3,760
1,000
100
500
500
2,500
500
500
1,000
7,500
2,600
4,000
500
5,000
40,000
400
500
INTRODUCTroX.
17
213,000
ranee, for
e, instead
id eolony,
soever they
atral autho-
icli central
,te amount
onie; and,
It will rest
ral articles
liily ropro-
eacli case
Hit in com-
lutcly and
Id any such
I is essen-
vardod by
latisfactory
arrangement; hut it is indisponsabio that the sanction of such authority should in all cases
bo pxprt'Shly given, and tiiat it l)e held icsponsililc for tiu! litncs-i of such articlfS ff>r oxhi-
hition, and Tor not authorizing tRe exhihition of a greater (juuntity than can bo acconinio-
dated in the space assigned to the productions of the country in (juestion.
In aise the central authority in any country should be of opinion that the space allottt^d
to the productions of that country is greater than it will rerpiire, the Connnissioners have to
request that this opinion may be communicat(;d to tlioni, as it is obvious that it would not
appear well if a large vacant space should be left in the department assigned to any
countr}'.
A definite quantity of space was in like manner offered to cacli of the British An.i iirituh <;<>.
Colonics in the following proportions, and subject to the same rules for admission :
Net sumrllcial
Feet lUotUHl.
Australian Colonies —
New South Wales . . . 2,000
New Zealand .... 500
South Australia . . . 350
Van '^'•cmen's Land . . GOO
West . Australia . . . 350
Bermudas 60
Canada 4,000
Cape of Good Hope and Natal . 750
Cape Coast Castle and Dependencies 100
Ceylon 1,500
Falkland Islands . . . 25
Gambia 100
Gibraltar loO
Hong Kong .... Nil.
Hudson's Bay Co.'s Territories . 1,000
India, including Singapore • . 30,000
Ionian Islands .... 1,000
Labuan 250
Malta 1,000
Mauritius 750
New Brunswick . . . . 750
Newfoundland . . . ^ )0
It was intimated that colonial and foreign productions would be admitted for
the purposes of exhibition without payment of duty. The building of the Ex-
hibition has been considered as a bonded warehouse, and the Commissioners of
Customs have afforded the utmost facilities consistently with that obedience to
Customs' laws, which was imperative.
Those who have had experience only of the continental systems of exliibitions, Seif-supporting
which are managed and paid for wholly by their Governments, find it difficult to txhfbitioa'.'
understand the self-supporting and self-acting principle of the present Exhibition,
which has hitherto depended wholly upon the voluntary subscriptions of the
British people : the heavy liabilities which still hang over the undertaking rest •
wholly upon individuals in their private capacity, and not upon the Government.
The British people, as well poor and working men, as tliericlier classes, have had
the undivided responsibility, not only of conducting the first experiment of an
Exhibition of their own works on a national scale, but of collecting funds to pay
all the expenses of an Exhibition of the Works of all Nations. Our National
Exchequer has not been charged with any portion of the expenses, but the con-
C
Net ■un'rllnal
Feet allotted.
Nova Scotia and Cape Breton
. 1,000
Prince Edward's Island
250
St. Helena
50
Sierra Leone
150
West India Colonies-
—
Antigua
375
Bahamas
100
Barbadoes
750
British Guiana
100
Dominica
125
Granada
250
Jamaica
. 1,500
Montserrat
50
Nevis .
100
St. Christopher's
250
St. Lucia
250
St. Vincent .
250
Tobago . . •
100
Tortola and Virgin
Islands
50
Trinidad
. •
750
Total.
61,025
18
INTRODUCTION.
tributiong of tlic most remote towns have been received nnd applied, even in
payment ol" the nulitary nnd police assistance whiclx the Government has per-
mitted to be employed on tlie occa9it)n. So completely spontaneous has been the
orgimization for the Exiiibition, that not even the several municipal councils
throughout the country were employed, but an independent orgiinization was
created for the express purpose wherever a locality was disposed to rurm its own
Local Conunittee. Without the asi^iistance of the Local Conmiittees of the United
Kingdom, no Exhibition of the "Works of Lidustry of all Nations could ever have
been accomplished.
i^J«o™"he About 05 Local Committees had been formed before the issue of the Eoyal
"""""""S'''""- Commission, with the assistance of the Members of the Society of Arts, who
had been nominated by the President to visit different parts of the kingdom.
To extend this organization over the whole kingdom, into Local Committees,
was one of the first acts of the Royal Commission. A circular was issued to the
Mayors of all towns within the United Kingdom, having a nmnicipal constitution
{Min. i., p. 1), announcing the issue of the lloyal Conmiission, and rccpiesting, if
no Local Committee had been formed, that the mayor would communicate witl*
the principal inhabitants for the purpose of ascertaining wliether, in their opinion,
the circumstances of the town rendered it advisable to appoint a Local Conunittee.
The functions of these Local Committees have chietly consisted in the recom-
mendation of Local Commissioners to represent the interests of their localities —
in encouraging the production of suitable objects for exiiibition — in affording
information in the locality relative to the Exhibition — in the collection of sub-
scriptions— and in flicilitating the means of visiting the Exhil)iti(in.
The Commissioners intimated that it was their wish to limit, as far as possible,
the necessity for the exercise of the powers of rejection and selection of objects
intended for exhibition, and for that purpose to call to their assistance the local
knowledge and discretion of the several Local Committees. They reconunendcd
tliat the Local Committees should enter into personal communication with those
persons resident Avithin their district, wlio were likely to be exiiibitors ; and that
they should ascertain the cliaracter and number of the objects wlilch it would be
their wish to send to the Exhibition. For the purpose of connnunicating Avltli
the Local Committees, the Conuuissioners appointed Dr. LYO>f Pr^AYFAlR, and
Lieut.-Colonel Lloyd, Surveyor-General of the Mauritius, Special Connnissioners.
nemand for spnce It was uot rcquIrcd that exhibitors should of necessity be subscribers to the
tore. fund. AH persons desirous of contributmg articles to the Exhibition of looL were
invited to give notice of such intention, and transmit a general description of the
nature of each article, and the space which would be required for the exhibition of
it, to the Secretary of the nearest Local Committee, and the Local Committee was
requested to digest the retinns so made to them, and transmit them to the Com-
mission before the 31st Oct., 1850. It was not necessary in the first instance
either to exhibit to the Local Committee specimens of the articles to be sent, or
to give a minute specification of them. But it was decided that it was necessary
for intending exhibitors to obtain the certificate of the nearest Local Committee,
of its approval of the articles sent for exhibition, before they could ])e received by
the Commissioners in the building. Upwards of 330 Local Committees were
formed in the three parts of the United Kingdom and the Channel Isles. A list
of those which have transmitted subscriptions to the fund, or sent articles to the
Exhibition, will be found lu the Appendix. ^
IXTRODITCTION'.
w
mg with
The Blst October was appointcil the last clay when the Local ("'oinmlltcos were
required to transmit to tlie Executive Committee the demands for space which
intending exliibltors had made tlirongli them.
It then appeared tliat the whoh; of the demands for horizontal ((loir and counter) „";|,';;'"^„'';^„]J^
space in the buildiiig wliicli the Local Committees oi'thc United Kingdom returned,
exceeded 417,000 sup- " ;ial Icet of exliibiting space, being in excess of the
amount of available ^p.ice lor tlic United Kingdom by about 210,000 superficial
lect. The amount of vertical or wall fpace demanded was only 200,000 super-
ficial feet. The number of jwi-sons who proposed to exhibit was upwards of 8,200.
Upon the receipt of these data the Commissioners proceeded to adjust the
proportions of floor or counter space which it appeared desirable that the four
sections of the Exhibition should occupy in the Building. Upon average?,
furnished by the whole of the United Kingdom, and obtained by dividing the
total amount of space apportioned to each section by the number of exhibitors in
that section, the Commissioners, as a general rule, allotted to each Local Com-
mittee an amount of space in each section, in proportion to the number of
exhibitors which had been returned by each Committee. The Commissioners
left the allotment of space to each exhibitor absolutely to the discretion of 'jach
Local Committee. They desired that each Ijocal Committee, in allotting space
to the individual exhibitors, should, op far as possible, maintain the proportions of
the four sections allotted to it, so that in the ultimate arrangement of the whole
Exhibition, the space which each section might occupy, should agree as closely as
was possible with the spaces fixed by the Commissioners. It was suggested that
only those articles which did honour to our industrial skill as a nation should be
admitted, and that the Industry of the district should be represented with pcribct
fairness, so as to do the fullest credit to its industrial position.
The Commissioners then proceeded to cause copies of each individual appli-
cation lor space to be transmitted to the respective Local Committees for revision
and correction where necessary, which, when returned by the Committees, were
considered as the vouchers for the admission of the articles, and as tantamount to
their unqualified approbatimi of the articles. In no case could a Local Committee
increase the amount of the total space allotted to it by the Commissioners. The
Commissioners appointed the 10th December, as the last day on which vouchci's
were to be received, but it was not imtil the 10th January, and even much later
in some cases, that the Executive Committee obtained the whole of them, by
which their labours were considerably increased, and the arrangements delayed.
If any productions had been rejected by any Local Committee, and the pro- Appeaii,
prietor of them desired to appeal against the decision, it was competent for him
to address the Commlssioncis through the Local Committee, who forwarded the
appeal, with their own observations, and the Commissioners, upon consideration
of the circumstances, confirmed or negatived the decision. The appeals, liowever,
were few.
With the view of providing against the exhibition of duplicate articles of
manufacture, the Commissioners, in cases where duplicates might have been
admitted by different Local Committees, intimated that they would call upon the
exhibitors of such duplicates to produce a certificate from the actual macers,
stating which of the exhibitors had arranged with the maker to be proprietor of
the absolute and exclusive right of sale and distribution of such article, and the
preference of admission would be given to tlint exhibitor who was the sole pro-
C 2
Itpductinn ofde-
manda for apare.
20
INTRODUCTION.
prlctor. TIio rdinmissioncrs were not called upon to exercise tills power in a
sinylc instance.
Meiroiuiifc Altlioiigh several Local (^oininittecs were formed in the Metropolis, the func-
tions of rejection and selection of articles were performed by a united action of
all tlie several Conunittccs. Each Committee nominated Conunis.sion('rs to repre-
sent a jMUticular departmcmt of the Exhibition, who met together to consider the
merits of the individual claims lor space referred to them.
Such was tlie course of action by which the articles of iJritish cxhiliitors were
admitted to the Exhibition, and subjected to a preliminary judgment. Imperfect
as it necessarily was, tlie general etlect of it was satisfiictory, and kept out of
the Exhibition many unsuitable articles. I'ructieally the system worked well,
and there is no doubt that the Exhibition, as u whole, is a fiiir re})rescntation of
the present state of Ihitish industry. An examination of the list of exhibitors
shows that very few names indeed of artists or manuflicturers of eminence are
absent. It is probable, however, that there arc fewer novelties in mc>chanical
inventions than there would otherwise have been, had the Legislature provided
against piracy of them at an earlier period than April, 1851.
Tlie Buiwing. It is now tiuic to spcuk of tlic Origin of the Building, and of its general features,
so far as they have influenced the system which has been adopted in classifying
and arranging the articles in it. An account of its scientific construction will bo
found in another part of this volume.
As early as January, 1850, the Commission named a Committee "forallraattcra
relating to the Building," consisting of —
Tlie Duke of Bucci.EUCU.
The Earl of Em-esmkre.
Mr. Baruy, U.A.
Mr. CanrrT, Prcs. Inst. C.E.
Mr, STEriii;N'sox.
Mr. COCKEUELI,, 1{,A.
Mr, BitUNKi-.
Mr, DoNALOsos.
Mr. CuBiiT was elected Chairman of this Committee, and from the earliest
period to the opening of the Exhibition, has given daily and unremitting atten-
tion to the subject, at great personal sacrifice of his valuable time. On the 21st of
February, 1850, the Building Committee reported favourably on the fitness of the
present site in Hyde Park, which had been suggested in the early stages of the
undertaking, and for the use of which it had been already announced that Her
Majesty's permission had been obtained. The Committee ventured at once to
recommend that upwards of IG acres should be covered in ; a bold step at that
time ('21st February), when nodata whatever of the space likely to be filled had
been received {Min. vii., p. 5). It was their opinion that it was desirable to obtain
suggestions, by public competition, as to the general arrangements of the ground
plan of the Building, and public invitations were accordingly issued. They also
reported that when a plan for tlie general arrangement should have been obtained
and approved, they would invite, by a second public notice, designs accompanied
by tenders, from the Ijuildcrs and manufacturers of the United Kingdom, for the
construction of the Building, in tlie form, and according to the general arrangement,
which should be fixed upon. In answer to the invitation to send in plans,
upwards of 245 designs and specifications were submitted. Of these 38 were con-
tributed by foreigners : France sending 27 ; Belgium 2 ; Holland 3 ; Hanover 1 ;
Naples 1 ; Switzerland 2 ; Bhcin Prussia 1 ; Hamburg 1 ; 128 by residents in
London and its environs; 51 by residents in provincial towns of England; 6 by
INTIloDUfTION.
21
ix'sMfuts in Scotland; 3 by rosidcntH in Irolnnd: ami 7 'vcro anonymous. All
those plans wore puhlicly exhibited duiinf^ a mouth, liom the lOth of iFune, at
the Institution oi'Oivil Engineers, Great George Street, Westminster. The lUiild-
ing Committee reported on the merits of them, seleeting two lists of the eomjM'ti-
tors. Tliey eonsiile. .mI tlie one "entitled to flivourable and honounible mention,"
and the second "entitled to Curther higher honorary distinction." Ihit they
uecompanied their report with tlie important announcement, that in their opinion
there was no " single plan so accordant with the peculiar objects in view, cither in
the principle or detail of its arrangement, ns to warrant them in recommending it
for adoption" {Min. xvii., p. 6). The Gonnnittee, therefore, submitted a plan of '•'''»' P*"'-
their own, and assisted by Mr. DioiiY Wyatt, Mr. Chaulks Hkaud Wild, and
Mr, Owi;x .IoN'KH, they prepared extensive working drawings, which were litho-
graphed. They issued invitations lor tenders to execute works in accordance with
them, requesting iiom competitors, in addition, such suggestions and modifications,
accompanied with estimates of cost, as might possilily iK-comc the means of eflicct-
ing a considerable reduction upon the general expense. In the actual instructions
they stipulated that tenders, in which changes were proposed, would be only
entertained provided they were " accompanied l)y working drawings and spccilica-
tions, and fully priced bills of quantities."
The Building Committcf publislvd in detail the reasons, both of economy and
taste, whi(!h had induced them to prepare plans for a structure of brick, the prin-
cipal feature of which was a dome two hundred feet in diameter. Public opinion
did not coincide in the propriety of such a building on such a site, and the resi-
dents in the neighbourhood raised esjKJcial objections. ^J'he subject was brought
beflu-e both Houses oi Parliament; and in tlic House of Conunons, on the 4th
July, 1850, two divisions took place on the question, whether the proposed site
should be used at all for any building for the Exhibition. In the one division,
the numbers in llivour of the site were IGG to 47, and in the second lOO to 40.
The Commissioners published, at considerable length, a statement of the reasons
which had induced theni to prefl'r the site, and there can be no doubt that the
force of this document mainly influenced the large majority in both divisions.
Whilst the plan of the Buildin" Committee was under discussion, Mr. P/iXTON Mr.p»xton'«
was led, by the hostuity which it had incmred, to submit a plan lor a structure
chiefly of glass and iron, on principles similar to those which had l)een adopted
and successfully tried by him at Chatsworth. Messrs. Fox, HexdkusoV, and Co.,
tendered for the erection oi' the Building Committee's plan, and, strict.'y in accord-
ance with the conditions of tender, they also submitted estimates lor the 3onstruction
of the building suggested by Mr. Paxtox, and adapted in form to the official
ground plan. An engraving of Mr. Paxtox's original design was published in
the Illustrated London Neivs, 6th Jidy, 1850, which, when compared with the
building that has been actually erected, will show what changes were subsequently
made. The Commissioners having fully imestigated tlic subject, finally adopted, on
the 2Gtli July, Messrs. Fox, Hendekson, & Co.'s tender to construct Mr. Paxton's
building, as then proposed, for the sum of £79,800. Considerable modifications,
additions, and improvements in the architectural details were subsequently made,
which have raised the proposed original cost of tlie building. As soon as the
decision was made, fresh working drawings had to be prepared, and every means
taken for expediting the works. Thesis were carried on under the superintendence
of Mr. CuHiTT, assisted by Mr. D. Wyatt, Mr. 0. Jones, and Mr. C. Wild.
22
INTHOUirOTIDN.
The lliniml tlcorl of (•(nilnict was iiut Mif^nnl until tl\c IllHt October, iiltlunij^li
till' tirst iron •.■dinniii wiis lixtd as nirly I's llic 'Jdlli S'litcnilKT, IH.Ml, tho
fontrmtdis having,' tiu-iTl)}' iiKMUivd, in tlu'ir jtrcparutiuiis, a liability ol' £50,000
willuuit any pimitivo contract ; in llict, j^rcnt reciprocal conliilcncc was n»anili'f<tc<l
by tlic Clint ractiii},' jtarticn. Whatever objeclionM were entertained originally
ujfain^'l the nse ol' the «ile, grailnally disappeared during the progress ol' tlio
present building, and have become ehangi'd into positive approval and admira-
tion, of the building itself and assent to the particular location of it. It should,
however, bti statc<l that a Iced of covciamt, to remove the builditig and givo
up the site within seven months after the t'lose of the Exhibition, namely
lu-ilire the Ist June, IH')'.', has been i-ntered into between Hku Majksiy and tho
C'ominissionirs. The deed was staled on the l-ith November, 1H,')0.
At a very early j)criod the ('onnnissioiicrs resolved that the whole space of any
building should be cMjually divided, and that one-half should he olU-rcd to Foreign
countries, anil the; other reserveil to (treat Britain and her uolonica. And almost
sinudtancously with this decision, bcti)re the plans of any building were settled,
oilers were male to (i>ieign countries, assuring them more than 210,000 superfi-
cial leet of net exhibiting space. JJiit after the groimd plan had been settled,
and a calculation had been made of the amount of space unavailable for ex-
hibition that was absorbed by the transi-pt, the avenues, the courts and olliccs,
iS:c., it became evident that the remaining space, after deducting what had
bi'cn assured to li)reigners, was considerably less than the proportion due to
(ircat Britain and her colonies, and nmch lx!h)W the denuuuls and want-^ of
Jiritish cxlubltiirs. It was at first suggested that an additional structure
should be erected to acconnnodate the agricultural implements, outside the
building, but it was liiund that reasons both of economy and of management
greatly prepontlcrated in I'avour of building an additional gallery, ^\^ich waa
accordingly done.
!l^rM7i'''i'mint o"f"'' ^" ordcr to scttlc the positive arrangement of articles in the building, it became
necessary to jireparc a more precise system of classilication than that furnished
l)y the dassilicd list of admissable objects which the (\inimissioners had first
issued. The various systems which had been tried in the French Expositions
proved that any system based upon an abstract philosophical theory was unsuit-
able, and particularly so to the present Exiiibition. It was also desiiuible that tho
system of classilication should be made conducive to the readiest mode of consult-
ing the vast collection, both by the general visitor and by the juries, who would
have to consider tlie merits of the whole. Dr. Plavfair, to whom the Commis-
sioners had conlided tlie superintendence of the juries, suggested that whilst
preserving the original quadrupartite divisions of the Exhibition into Kaw
I'rotluce and Materials, ^Machinery, Manuliicturcs, and Fine Arts, those sub-
divisions which had been determined by coinmcrciiJ experience, should be adopted
as fiir as practical)le, as the basis of the C'lassilication. Eminent men of science, and
manuliicturcrs in all brunches, were invited to assist in determining each one the
boundaries of his own special class of productions ; and it was resolved, for the pur-
poses oi'thejury, toadopt thirty broad divisions , and to induce as far as practicable the
application of this classillcatiim to all articles — both British and Foreign; always,
however, bearing in mind the fundamental rule, that the productions of an
exhibitor would not be separated, except in very extreme cases. Accordingly,
with lew exceptions, all articles have been divided into the Ibllowing thirty classes.
article!.
INTIIODIJCTION.
23
To mivo I'opctillon, tin- iiiiinhcr.i «)l" tho jurors which hiivo Incn nim'c .whI^mm'*! to
«'iich I'lii.v.M nil! hcrogivt'n.
Skutiun I. Ilrtw Miiliriivis ami I'miliicc, -illiKtratlvt of llin rmtiinil ) niiliifllunB on whJch
liiiiimii imliidtry in viii|i|ii)'<'il.
No. at
Juri*r».
I. MiiiiiiLj ami Qii*n'yiii:{, MulnUiirKy,
iilhl MilliM'iil ri'iMliirU H
'J. I 'biiijiii'iil mill l'liiti'iii:it'iiiitiuiil pi'i ii.'o.'irtoa
mill jiriiiliictrt giiiiunilly .... H
^ No. of
Juron.
M. SllllrttllllIMM IIHlvl l\H fiXlll U
4. Vo^iitiililnmiil Aiiiiiiil SulMtiinciM ii.wil
ill iiimiiiriujtui'u.4, iiiiploiiiuiiU, ui' for
iiriiaiiiuiit S
Hkutidn li, Miifliiiicry (m Aniiciilliinxl, Miinufiicliiriii;.?, I'lii'^iiiwriii^ nnd other |iur|MiMC!»
mill ^i('('ll{llli('lll liivcurniiiH, — iliiHlnitivi) of lliu ii^i'iiU which Iiiiiiimii
iir^uiiuity liriir^H to Ihsii- u|h>ii tint [U'lnlucl!* u( nature.
No, of
Jurain
Ti. Miinhlnon for illrnnt mo, liielinlin.; c\r-
I'iiiK**-*, UnlKviiy mill N'lival MuclimiiHiii li
<l. Mmiiit'iiotiii'liiK Miiuliiiiuri mill Tiiiiirt , I J
7. MiiclimiicMl, ('Ivil KiiL;iiiij)ii'iii^', Ar>;lii-
tiiutiiriil, mi'l Iliiililiiii{(.'iiiiti'tvmiu0'4 H
h. Jfilviil Arcliitiiftiliii, .Militiiry KiiKiilUiir-
in;,' mill Stnictiiio, Oi'iliiuiiuu, Ar-
iiiDiir mill Aouiiiiti'oiiioutH .... 8
K el
AKrii:iiItnriil ftiiil Iloi'tleiiltiirnl Mii-
cliiiiuHmnl Iiii|iluiiiuiiU (u.\rii|>tiiiii'il),
l'liiliMii|iliiuii lii.'itriiniiiiiiH ikinl Mi-fi^ol-
liiiiiMii^ I'liiiti'ivmiinM, iiiuliiiliim' |>i'ii-
itai-iiH ilitiiuuiliii;^ ii|i<iii tlioir iHo,
Mii-iiu'il, Hiiri>lii;.'iuiil, Auiiii.'itiu.tl mill
Uiirgloal luHtniiiiuutit IJ
11.
1.'.
i:i,
u.
1."..
lii.
17.
18.
lU.
Ni. iif
Jtiniri.
(lottnn Id
Wipiilluii mill Womtuil I J
Hilk mill Viilvut 10
ID
20.
lil.
22.
Mixtion 111. Maiiurm'lini"<,— iilustmtlvi! of tho rcs'iU '.iroiliicoJ by tho oiieralioii of huiimn
imliistry mikiii imliir.il i.iKiliiec;.
DetignH for MmiiiraotiirrH m'u nilinittuil in tho NOino Hootion with tho oluDit u! urticluH fur
which thoy iiro iiroiiuHiiil.
No. of
Juron.
2'.\. WiirkH ill prociniiH Mutftln, Jowollery,
mill all articliiM of limiry iii>t iii'
cliiiluil in tliu uthur uIiihhum ... 8
21. (!iil^S 8
'.'.'), Cuiuiiiiu Miiiiiifiicturu, China, I'liruu-
lain, I'ai'thunwai'U, ^n 8
20. DoiMiratiiiii Fuiiiitiiro ami IT|)liiilMt iry,
I'aper Han;<iiiKH, l'a[>lor Muclid, miil
.Japannuil (jIodiIs 12
27. MaliufiiutiiioH ill Minural SiilMtaiitcH,
iiHud for biiililiii'; or iluuuratioiiH, as
in Miublo, Slato, l'or|ih} ■ ioh, Co-
ments, Artiii nal StmicH, Sec. ... 0
28. Maiitifautiu'uH f' oiu Animal unil Vugn-
tablo SubHtanoes, not boiug woven,
fulteil, or laid 9
20. MiKcullanuouH ManufocturoH mid Small
Wm-os 10
1(1
8
10
MaiiiiractiiruH frniii I'lax and I lump .
Mixiiil KabricH, inuliidiiiK .Shawls .
Lcatlior, iiiuliiilin;; Saddlory and llar-
nuHH, Skins, Kiir, and Hair . . .
Paimr, I'rintiii;;, ami lliiiikbinilin;^ .
Woven, Himii, fultml, mid laid KabricH,
whun hIiowii fur IViiitiiiKiuid l)yoin;{
Taporttry, iiiulndin;; Carputs and Floor
ClothH, Lacoanil Kmbroidury, fmiuy
mid industrial Works 10
Articles of Clothing for inimediato,
personal, or (lomostiu use. ... 8
Ciitloiy, KiIk'o Tools and Hand Tools,
and Surjfical Instruiiionts .... 0
Qouurul Uoi'dwuru 12
Seition IV.
30. Fine Arts, Sculpture, Models, and tho Plastic Arts generally. Mosaics, Enamels, &c. — illus-
trative of tho tasto and skill displayed in such applications of huiiimi industry ... Vi
It hnd been originally contemplated by the Commissioners, that the arrange-
ment of the whole Exhibition should lie, not merely on the basis of the four .sec-
tions, but that each similar article should be placed in juxtaposition without
reference to its nationality, or local origin. To elTect this, in so vast an
Exhibition and within the short period of two montlis allowed lor tlie arrange-
ment, it was absolutely necessary to know, belbrc the arrival of the articles, the
approximate amount of space each v/ould lie likely to occupy — so that each on its
arrival might be placed as nearly as pos-ible in its appointed spot. But the event
proved that this iulormation, particularly in the case of Foreign countries, was
unattainable.
A request was made that each Foreign country should inform the Commis-
24
INTRODUCTION.
II
I
sloncrs, on or before the 1st of September, what space would be likely to be
occupied respectively by its raw materials, its machinery, its manufactures, and
fine arts ; but only Austria, Belgium, ZoUverein, and North Germany complied
with this request, and fiirnislied the information in sufficient detail. The great
distance of other countries rendered the transmission of the information impossible,
and practically it was not known what articles many very important countries
ra^^^Z.'.u fir '^^o"^^ send, imtil they actually arrived. No choice remained but to adopt a
52 wHcIm.* '''°' gcfgrnphical arrangement ; and it was not until so late a period as the month of
December that the Conunissioncrs were enabled to decide the principles upon
Avliich the articles should be arranged in the Building. Circumstances connected
\vith tlic form of the Building itself, the absence of the necessary information
I'rom Foreign countries, the great pressure for time, and above all the vital
importance of punctually opening the Exhibition on the first of May, induced
the division of the ground floor of the Building into two parts — the one being
awarded to Foreign countries, and the other to the British colonies and the
United Kingdom.
Tlie productions of the United Kingdom and the British colonics arc generally
grouped westward of the central transept. The productions of each foreign country
are placed together eastward of the transept — except machinery in motion, which,
on account of the motive power being ut the north- west end of the building, is placed
in that part of the building. Tlie productions of each country are classified
nation by nation, and as far as practicable into the thirty classes already mentioned.
The position of each country is determined in the building by its own latitude. As
a general rule, machinery is placed at the north side, and raw materials and pro-
duce brought to the south side fif the building. The intermediate parts are
occupied by manufactures and fine arts. There is hardly any choice in respect of
light, which is nearly the same in all parts of the building. The south side, as
well as the roof of the building both in tht; north and south sides, is covered
with canvas. The sides of the upper and the gallery tier on the north are not so
covered. As a general rule applicable both to foreign countries and the United
AUntmpnt of
in the buiiduig. Kingdom, space was allotted on the following data : — on the ground floor, each
area of 24 feet by 24 feet containing 570 feet superficial, was accounted as yielding
exhibiting area of 384 feet, it being considered that 192 feet would be a sufficient
allowance for passages. The width of these was determined by experiments in
the building and by experience of those in the British Museum, in the Soho Bazaar,
&:c. In the gallery, half of euch area was deducted for passages, and the other
half, or 288 feet, assigned as exhibiting space. If the exhibitor wished to have
more passage-room, then he was obliged to obtain it by deducting it from his
exhibiting sj^ace : and every exhibitor, desiring to attend himself, or by his
representative, during the Exhibition, had to deduct the sitting or standing space
for such attendant fiom the superficial floor or counter-space allotted to him.
A glance at the plan shows the adoption of a simple system of main passages.
Tin re is a centn' avenue 72 feet wide running from east to west, which is
partially used io display both works of art and remarkable specimens of mai u-
facture, and likewise to affl)rd sitting room ; parallel to this on each of the north
and soutJi !>ides are two uninterrupted passages 8 feet wide, one extending the
length of the building and the other taking the circuit of the walls on each side.
Besides the transept there are six main passages 8 feet wide, running from north to
south. Tliese were estiibllshed as passages which must not be infringed upon :
System of
passages.
INTRODUCTIOX.
25
portions of the building being then assigned to Foreign countries and to groups of
exhibitors, a considerable latitude was permitted to them in arranging the other
passages ; at the same time, as the erection of the second gallery brought the whole
building into a system of courts, spaces in the form of courts were allotted to
Foreign countries, home districts, and classes of objects, and every one was •
encouraged to preserve them as much as possible. Thus on the British side, at
the north there are the several machinery courts — the carriage court — the mineral
court — the paper court — the miscellaneous court — the East India court ; whilst
at the south, there arc three courts respectively for printed fabrics, for flax and
woollen, and mixed fabrics : — furniture has its court, so have the manufactures of
Birmingham and Sheffield — agricultural implements havo in extensive court, and
there are courts for media;val furniture, for sculpture, for Canada and colonics, and
the East Indies ; on the east or Foreign side, almost every country has one or more
courts, — France having eight, Austria six, &c.
Spaces of the requisite dimensions having been set apart to receive the pro-
ductions of the Colonics and each Foreign country, the charge of these depart-
ments, as well as the arrangement of the productions, was handed over to each
commissioner or agent representing such Colonies or Foreign coimtry.
On account of the vast magnitude of the building, of the shortness of time Arrnnaement of
available for arrangement after the completion of the building, which as the
event proved was hardly a week before the opening, and of the delay in
sending the goods, it was foreseen by the Executive Committee that it would
be necessary to arrange the Foreign productions geogra])hically and the
whole of the British Exhibition, not by means of the articles themselves,
but of descriptions of them, and to map out the whole space before the
articles themselves arrived. Not a few of these descriptions were in the
first instance most vague; the exhibitor desiring to reveal as little as possible
of the specific character of his articles. Many exhibitors demanded space for
" fabrics," without specifying whether they were even woven or plastic. Others
returned " woven fabrics," leaving it doubtful whether they were made of cotton,
wool, or flax ; eacti forming a separate class. The demands for space, merely for
"inventions" and "machines," were numerous. Hence, there have crept in
some errors in arrangement which would have been avoided had the description
been more precise. Another source of difliculty has been the miscalculations of
the amount of space which exhibitors really wanted. So frequently was the
meaning of the term "superficial" and "square" feet misunderstood; so often
were the expressions " horizontal " and " vertical " space disregarded or con-
founded, that in planning the arrangement of the Exhibition the difficulties of
the Executive Committee have been great, and mistakes inevitable. One instance
will afford a sufficient illustration. An important manufacturing town demanded
9,000 feet of wall or vertical space for the exhibition of its shawls, but when the
demand came to be investigated, it was found to mean a demand for 900 feet of
frontage on the wall, 10 Icct high, and 3 feet deep —practically a demand for
27,000 superficial lect — to be arranged in such a way as would occupy half the
length of the whole Exhibition ! This demand of 27,000, was eventually com-
pressed within 1,800 superficial feet of horizontal space, and submitted to, it must
be admitted, with good-natured Ibrboarancc. Indeed, it may be said, that whilst
almost every exhibitor desired some kind of special arrangement, convenient to
himself, but inconvenient to every body else, almost every one submitted to a
26
INTRODUCTION.
CaUlo^es.
tn!<iiranL'L> from
lire.
curtailment of space, and a constraint on his wishes, with a patience that
greatly lightened the labours of the Executive Conimittcc. In fact, owing to these
circumstances, inevitable in such a work, without precedent or experience, and to
the very lute period at which some demands for space were made, it was only
possible to make an approximate guess at the space which each of the classes of
goods of the United Kingdom would occupy, and to leave a considerable margin
for adjustments.
It should be borne in mind that every Foreign country was able to regulate the
character of the arrangement by the articles themselves. The whole of its
articles were first collected, and then the arrangement settled. Every Foreign
country, in this respect, stood in the same position as an individual British
exhibitor; but on the Britisli side, the general ai*rangement, and almost the
position of each of the 7,000 exliibitors, were necessarily fixed before the
articles were broujrht into the buildin". An elaborate classified list of sub-
jects included in each of the 30 classes was prepui-ed, and recommended as a
basis of arrangement to exhibitors, though, iiom the causes already stated, the
systematic classification could not be carried out in so complete a manner as was
desired.
At the British side, every exhibitor had entire control over his own allot-
ment, tho Commissioners, fi'om an early period, having decided that each
exhibitor wan at liberty to an'angc such articles in his own way, so far as was
compatible with the convenience of other exhibitors and oi' tlie public. When
the exliibitor's wishes involved expense, the exhibitor defrayed it himself. Glass
cases, frames, and stands of peculiar construction, and similar contrivances for the
display or protection of the goods exhibi*?d, were provided by the person requiring
them at his own cost. Persons who wished to exhibit macliines, or trains of
machinery in motion, were permitted to do so. The Commissioners found steam
not exceeding 30 lbs. per inch gratuitously to the exhibitors, and conveyed it in
clothed pipes to such parts of the building as required steam power. Arrange-
ments were made to supply Avatcr at a high pressure gratuitously to exhibitors,
who had the privilege of adiipting it to the working of their machinery, &c.
And the Chelsea "Water-works contracted to supply 300,000 gallons of water per
day, at the rate of £50 per month.
It was decided that two Official Catalogues should be prepared and published
by the authority of the Commission ; the one of a large size, containing full
notices of everything that the exliibitor desired to state, and the other an
abridgment containing the names of the exhibitors only, with a very general
summary of the articles they exhibited. The right of printing and publisliing
these was offered for competition. Tiie contractors were at liberty to fix the price
of the large Ctitalogue. The smaller Catalogue was to be sold at Is., and the
contractors were bound to pay 2d. for every copy sold to the fui.ds. Several
parties tendered. The ofl[er of Messrs. Sl'lCKU Buo'Jlllins, and ]\res,u-s. Clowks
and Sons, as the highest, was accepted; the amount of their offer being £3,200
It was also provided (Min. xxix., p. 1), that should the number sold exceed
500,000 of the small edition, and 5,000 of tlic large, then the contractors shovild
give a further sum fur all sold over and above those numbers. The contract
was sealed 0th January, 1851.
The insurance of goods Iiom fire, or other kinds of accidents, and tlie responsi-
bility for all losses, devolved upon the exliibitors. The Metropolitan Fire
INTRODUCTION.
27
^
Brigade took charge of the safety of the Building from fire. With the permission
of the Secretary of Str.te lor the Home Department, the responsibility lor the
whole of the police arrangements was placed upon Mr. Mayne, the Chief Corn- roUce.
missioner of Police. The Commissioners expressed their willbgness to pay the
sum of £5,043 19«. id., in consideration of the Commissioners of Pohce providing
the force necessary to be employed outside the Exhibition Building (viz., at the
various entrances and approaches within Hyde Park), for the period of six
months, from 1st March to 1st September, stipulating, however, that should it
appear that the additional Ibrce which it was contemplated to provide was greater
than was actually required, a proportionate reduction was to be made. The
Commissioners left the question of the police force necessary for the interior
watching of the building, and of the amount of expense in connection with
it, in the hands of Her Majesty's Government, " in the full assurance that
the utmost economy will be observed that is compatible with the satisfactory
execution of that duty " (Min. xxxiii., p. 2).
The Commissioners considered that it would conduce to the convenience of R«rresiimnii».
visitors to permit light and moderate refrcslimcnts to be obtained and consumed
in certain prescribed parts of the building but that it would be inconsistent
with the nature of the Exhibition to allow the building to assume the character
of an hotel, tavern, or dining-rooms. In the Central Area are sold ices, pastry,
sandwiches, patties, fruits, tea, coffee, chocolate, cocoa, lemonade, seltzer and soda
water ; whilst in the Eastern and Western Areas are sold bread, butter and cheese,
tea, cofiec, chocolate, cocoa, ginger beer, spruce beer, and similar drinks, together
with the other articles sold in the Central Area. No refreshments arc to be
taken out of the Areas. No wines, spirits, beer, or intoxicating drinks are
permitted to be sold to the visitors. The privilege of supplying refreshments on
these terms was put up to competition, and the tender of Messrs. Schweppe,
wherein they offered a sum of £5,500 for the privilege, was accepted. Waiting waiting rooms,
rooms and conveniences have likewise been provided at a moderate charge at
each of the refreshment areas.
With the view of affording information in respect of lodgings for the working
classes which might be required in London, a register was opened, in which the
names and addresses of persons disposed to provide accommodation lor artizans
from the country whilst visiting the Exliibition were entered. In doing this,
the Commissioners intimated that they did not propose to charge themselves in
any respect with the management, but simply to afford information. It was
thought most expedient that the public should be led to make its own arrange-
ments ; and the object which the Commissioners had in view was simply to cull
public attention to the subject. Various kinds of organizations have arisen to
meet any demands which may arise. The superintendence of this subject was
intrusted to Colonel Reid and Mr. Alexander Redgrave.
The principal railways agreed to afford some increased public accommodation Railway facilities,
during the Exhibition. Each Railway Company, both in the carriage of goods
and passengers, and in the conveyance and delivery of articles intended for the
Exhibition, allowed a deduction of one-half of the railway charge to exhibitors,
subject to certain conditions. In order to encourage the early formation of " Sub-
cription Clubs " in the country, to enable the labouring classes to travel to
London and back during the Exhibition, the Railway Companies undertook to
convey all persons so subscribing to local clubs at a single railway ftirc for both
28
INTRODUCTION.
Reg'<lvi<mi
re!ipectini( the
ndmlsaiua of
vlditofi.
I
journeys, up and down, which should in no case exceed the existing fare by
Parliamentary trains for the journey in one direction, with some abatement for
longer distances, subject to the Ibllowing conditions, which they published in
September, 1850 : —
That in respect of journej-s to London, the first 100 miles simll always be charged as
100 miles, and where the distance shall exceed 100 miles, an allowance in the
fare be made on the following scale : —
For the first excess 100 miles, l-5th, or 20 per cent, be allowed.
For the second excess 100 miles, 3-lOtlis, or 130 per cent, bo allowed.
For the third excess 100 miles, 2-5ths, or 40 per cent, bo allowed.
For the fourth excess 100 miles, ^ or 50 per cent, be allowed.
Thus for instance : —
A distance of 150 miles will be paid for as 140 miles.
200 „ „ 180 „ ■'.- » \
300 „ „ 250 „
400 „ „ 310 „
600 „ „ 3G0 „
' and in like proportion between the resiiective distances.
The consideration of the admission of Visitors was, in the first instance, referral
to a Committee, and upon the recommendations of their Report, the Commis-
sioners published decisions, in which they stated that their attention had been
principally directed to the following points : —
Ist The necessity of makliig such armngoments as sliall secure the convenience of the
public visiting the Exhibition, whether for stuily and instruction, or for tlie more general
purposes of curiosity and amusement. 2nil. The due protection and security of the pro-
perty deposited in the building, 3rd. The eflective control over the number of visitors,
while the servants and officers intrusted with the maintenance of order and regularity in
the building are comparatively inexperienced in their duties. 4th. The necessity of main-
taining the self-supi)orting character of the Exhibition, and of defraying the liabilities in-
curred. 5th. The desire of the Conmiissioners to render the Exhibition accessible to all
persons at the lowest ])ossible charge, and with the least delay which a due regard to the
preceding considerations will admit.
Having these objects in view. Her Majesty's Commissioners have determined to adopt
the following regulations ; —
The Exhibition will be oj)en every day (Sundays excepted). ''
The hours of admission and other details will be announced at a sulisequont period.
The charges for admission will be as follows : —
Season tickets for a gentleman . .£330
Season tickets for a lady . . . 2 2 0 ^
These tickets are not transferable; but they will entitle the owner to atlmission on all
occasions on which the Exhibition is open to the public.
The Commissioners reserve to themselves the power of raising the price of the season
tickets when the first issue is exhatistcxl, should circumstances render it advisable. On the
first day of exhibition season tickets only will be available ; and no money will bo received
at the doors of entrance on that day.
On the second and third days the price of admission on
entrance will be (each day) . . . .£100
On the fourth day of exiiiliitidn . . . .050
To be reduced on the twenty -second day to ..010
INTRODUCTION.
29
From the twenty-second day the jirices of admission will be as
follows : —
On Mondays, Tuesdays, Wednesdays, and Thursdays in
each week . . . . . . . . Is. Od.
On Fridays 2s. 6d.
On Saturdays 5s. Od.
No change will be given at the doors. This regulation is necessary to prevent the incon-
venience and confusion which would arise from interruption or delay at the entrances.
Should exiKjrience in the progress of the Exhibition render any altt>ration in these arrange-
ments necessary, the Commissioners reserve to themselves the power of making such modi-
fications as may appear desirable, of which due and timely notice, however, will be given to
the public. At the first opening of the Exhibition, the hours of admission were fixed from
10 A.M. till 6 P.M.
Upon the question how far, and in what instances, any parties should be
furnished with free admissions, the Committee reported, —
That it is very desirable that that privilege should be restricted to as few cases as pos-
sible, and feeling the importance of carrying out to tlie greatest practicable extent a regulation
of this nature, they would submit whether it might not be expedient that the Commis-
sioners should place themselves in the same position as the public in general with regard
to the admission to the Exhibition. The members of the Executive Committee have
expressed their wish to subject themselves to the same conditions as the Royal Commis-
sioners in this respect.
The following are the cases in which the Committee would recommend that an
exception to the general rule should be made, and free admissions granted : —
1st. Persons in the employment of, and provided with tickets issued by the Executive
Committee, such as the heads of sectional departments, the clerks, the watchers, the
cleaners, tlie Police, the Sappers and Miners. 2nd. Servants of Foreign Commissioners
and of exhibitors admitted under the provisions of the 14th published decision of the Com-
missioners for the purpose of watching the goods sent by their employers, or explaining
them to visitors ; such servants being provided with tickets issued by the Executive Com-
mittee under strict regulations to be hereafter laid down. 3. The press, both metropolitan
and provincial; the tickets in both cases admitting the editor or his representative.
4th. The juries, on the production of tickets that have been issued and registered by the
Executive Committee, on certain days to be hereafter fixed by the Executive Committee.
And the power of carrying these rules into effect was given to the Executive
Committee.
The inauguration of the Exhibition took place on 1st May, in accordance with
the arrangements laid down in the accompanying document, which was published
by the Commissioners : —
Her Majesty having signified her royai pleasure that arrangements should be made
to enable Her Majesty to gratify a wish very generally expressed on the part of the public,
to be present at a ceremony by which Her JMajesty should open the Exhibition of the
Works of Industry of all Nations, on the 1st of May, Her Majesty's Commissioners hereby
give notice that the programme of this ceremony, and the regulations under which the holders
of season tickets will be admitted, are as follow : —
Exhibitors' attendants who have been sanctioned by the Executive Committee will be
admitted between the hours of 8 and 9 o'clock, at doors specified on their cards, and will
immediately take their places by the counters or objects exhibited by their employers.
•30
INTRODUCTION.
Principlos on
V Iiich tlif vri/Pfl
Holcl(>rs of season tickots will be admitted at all doors on the east, sonth, and west of
the building, between tiie hours of 9 and half-past 11 o'clock, and will bo allowed to take
their places, subject to police refrulatioiis, in the lower part of the building, and in the
galleries, except the parts railed oil' in the nave and transept.
A platform will be raised to the north of the centre of the transept, on which a chair
of state will be placed.
Her Majesty's Commissioners will a^isemble at half-past 1 1 o'clock in the transept,
opposite the [>!atforni, together with their E.xecutive Committee and the Foreign Acting
Commissioners, in full dress or in plain evening dress.
His Grace the Archbishop of Canterbury, Her Majesty's Ministers, the great OlTicers ot
State, and the Foreign Ambassadors and Ministers, will tjike their places on the i)latform to
the right and left of the chair of state, in full dress, also at half-past 11 o'clock.
Her Majesty, proceeding in State, with the royal family, foreign guests, &c., and her
and their suites from Buckingham Palace up Constitution Hill, and down Rotten Row, will
enter the Exhibition building by the north entrance precisely at 12 o'clock. She will ascend
the platform and take her seat in the chair of state.
On Her Majesty's arrival a choir will sing " God Save the Queen."
On the Queen taking her seat His Royal Higliness Prince Albert will join the Royal
Commissioners, and when the music has ceased proceed at their head to the platform, and read
to Her JIajesty a short re))ort of the proceedings of the Commission up to that time,
which he will then deliver to Her Majesty, together with the catalogue of the articles exhi-
bited. Her Majesty will return a gracious answer, handed to her by the Secretary of State ;
after which His Ro}al Highness Prince Albert will take his place again by the side of Her
Alajesty.
His Grace the Archbishop of Canterbury will then say a prayer, invoking God's blessing
upon the undertaking, followed by a short anthem sung by the choir.
A Royal procession will then be formed, preceded by the Commissioners, which will
turn to the right, move to the west end of the nave by its north side, return to the east end
of the nave by its south side, including the south end of the transept, and come back to the
centre along the north side of the nave ; thus enabling all those ])resent, who will be
exi)ected to keep the places which have been assigned to them, to s(?e Her Majesty and the
procession.
During the procession the organs appointed will play marches, taking the music up at
the Queen's approach.
On Her Majesty's return to the platform the Queen will declare " the Exhibition
opened;" which will be aimounced to the public by a flourish of trumpets and the firing
of a Royal Salute on tiie north of the Serpentine ; whereupon the barriers, which had
kept the nave clear, will be thrown open, and the public will be allowed tr circulate.
Her Majesty will then return to Buckingham Palace by the route by which she came.
All the doors, which \\ ill have been closed at half-past eleven o'clock, will, upon Her
Slajosty's departure, be opened again.
In announcing the PiuzKS, the Commissioners laid down certain general prin-
ciples for the guidance of the Juries, which they published as follows : —
In the department of Raw Matkuials and PnODUCE, for instance, prizes will bo
awarded upon a consideration of the value and importance of the article, and the superior
excellence of the particular specimens exhibited; and in the case of prepared materials,
coming xmder this head of the Exhibition, the Juries will take into account the novelty and
importiince of the prepared product, and the superior skill and ingenuity manifested in the
process of preparation.
In the department of Macifimkiiv, the prizes will be given with reference to novelty in
the invention, superiority in the execution, increased efiiciency, or increased economy, in the
INTRODUCTION.
81
nso of tlio ftvtUilo oxhil)ito(l. Tlio importance, in a social or other point of view, of tlie
jmiposes to wliicii tiio urticlo i.s to be applied, will also be taken into consiileration, ns will
also the amount of the difKcultics overcome in bringing the invention to perfection.
In the dei>aitnient of Manukaciuuks, those articles will be rewarded which fulfil in
the highest degree the conditions specified in the sectional list, viz. : — Increased usefulness,
such as ijcrnianency in dyes, improved forms and arrangements in articles of utility, &c.
Superior quality, or supi^ior skill in workmanship. New use of known materials. Use of
new materials. New combinations of materials, as in metals and pottery. Beauty of
design in form, or coloiu', or both, with reference to utility. Cheapness, relatively to excel-
lence of production.
In the department of ScULPTunE, Models, and the Plastic Art, the rewards will
have reference to the b?auty and originality of the specimens exhibiteU, to improvements in
the processes of production, to tlie application of art to manufactures, and, in the case of
models, to the int<»v ttaching to the subject they represent.
These g"- -.1 iiw, 'ns are suflicient to siio- . .! 't i.i the wish of the Commissioners,
as far as j,u.^ ,)lo, to .. .u'd all articles in any <. ^ jrtnient of the Exhibition, which may
ap])ear to competent judges to possess any decided superiority, of whatever nature that
superiority may be. It is the intention of the Commissioners to reward excellence in what-
ever form it is jiresented, and not to give inducements to the distinctions of a merely
individual competition. Although the Commissioners have determined on having three
medals of diflbrent sizes and designs, they do not propose to instruct the Juries to award
tiiem as first, second, and third in degree for the same class of subjects. They do not wish
to trammel tlie Jm-ies by any precise limitation ; but they consider that the Juries will
rather view the three kinds of medals as a means of appreciating and distinguishing the
respective characters of the subjects to be rewarded, and not of making distinctive marks in
the same class of articles exhibiti'd. They fully recognise that excellence in pro<luction is
not only to be looked for in high-jiriced goods, in which much cost of labour and
skill has been employed, but they encourage the exhibition of low-priced fabrics, when
combining quality with lowness of price, or with novelty of production. Tliey can
readily conceive that Juries will be justified in giving the same class medal to the cheajiest
calico prints made for the Brazilian or South American market, as they would to the
finest piece of 3Iousseliiie de Svie or Mousseline de Laine, if each possessed excellence of its
own kind.
All persons, whether being designers or inventors, the manufacturers or the proprietors of
articles, will be allowed to exhibit; but they must state the character in which they do so.
They may also state the names of all or any of the parties who have aided in the production.
Ill awarding the jirizes, however, it will be for the Juries to consider, in each individual
case, how far the various elements of merit should be recognised, and to decide whether the
prize should be handed to the exhibitor, or to one or more of those who have aided in the
production.
Lastly, the Commissioners, in announcing their intention of giving medal prizes, do no
propose altogether to exclude pecuniary grants, either as prizes for successful competition,
or as awards under sjxjcial circumstances, accompanying, and in addition to the honorary
distinction of the medal. There may be cases in which, on account of the condition of life
of the successful competitor (as for instance, in the case of workmen) the grant of a sum of
money may be itie most ap]>ropriate reward of superior excellence ; and there may be other
cases of a special and exceptional nature, in which, from a consideration ui' tiic expense
incurred in the javparation or transmission of a particular article entitled to a i)rize, com-
bined with a due regard to the condition and jiecuniary circumstances of the party exhibiting,
a special grant may with propriety- be added to the honorary distinction. The Commis-
sioners are not prepared, for the present, at least, to establish any regiilations on these
heads. Tlu'}- consider it probable that a wide discretion must be left to the Juries, to be
hereafter appointed, in respect to the award of money prizes, or the grant of money in aid of
32
INTRODUCTION.
!;
MiMl.'ilfi nlifalncd
liy dimiiuiition.
•
The inarriptiona.
Ci>n9titiit{3ii of
tliejuriea.
honorary distinctions ; it being undoratood tliat .such discretion is to be exercised under the
suixjrintondonce and control of the Coninils.-.jon.
Articles marked " Not for Conipetitiun " cannot bo udniittcd.
The Commissioners decided to select bronze for the material in which the
medals should be executed, considering that metal to be the better calculated than
any other, for the development of superior skill and ingenuity in the incdallic art,
and at the same time the most likely to constitute a lasting memorial of the
Exhibition. There are three bronze medi.ls, of different sizes and designs, which
were obtained by public competition. Tliree prizes of 100/. each, were awarded
for the three designs of the reverses, whif.li uppoared the most meritorious, to the
following artists :
M. HllTOLYTE liONNAKDEL, Paris.
Mr. Lkonaup C. Wyon, London.
Mr. O. G. i\i)AMS, London.
Three prizes of 50/. each were also given for the three best designs not accepted,
as follows :
Mr. .ToHN Hancock, London.
Mens. L. WiKNER, Brussels.
Mr. Gayuakd, Paris. (Min. xxii., p. 2).
One hundred and twenty -nine models were received, and were exhibited in the
rooms of the Society of Arts. The obverses of the medals are heads of Hek
Majesty the Queen, and His Royal Highness the Puince Albeut, executed
by W. Wyon, R. A„ the medallist of the Mint, after the type of the Syracusan
medals.
The Committee appointed (consisting of the Hon. W. E. GtLADSTONE, the Lord
Lyttelton, the Hon. T. B. Macaulay, and the Rov. H. G. Liddell, Head
Master of Westminster School) to suggest inscriptions for the Prize Medals,
recommended, for the medal to be executed after design No. 1, the following
line, very slightly altered, from Manilius (Astronomicon, v. 737) : —
" Est etiam in magno quredam respublica mundo."
For the medal from design No. 2, the following line from the first book of the
Metamorphoses of OviD (v. 25) : —
" Dissociata locis concordi pace ligavit."
For the medal from design No. 3, the following line from Claudian (Eidyll.,
vii. 20) :—
" Artificis tacita) quod moruere manus." ^
Under the general conditions by which the juries were constituted, it was
provided that there should be one jury to each of the 30 classes into which the
Exhibition had been divided. The number of jurors in each jury was determined
by the amount of articles exhibited in each class, and the greater or less diversity of
the subjects included in it, but no abstract idea of the relative importance of the
classes was involved in the numbers attaclicd to them. The list of the 30
classes has already been given (see p. 23), with the number of jurors appointed to
each class. In addition to the juries there described, it was found necessary to
appoint three sub-juries; one subordinate to Class V., for carriages, and two
subordinate to Class X., viz., foj musical and for surgical instruments. The
INTRODUCTION.
88
increased number of jurors for these three sub-juries was 22, of whom half were
foreigners.
To facilitate the working, especially with reference to the foreign jurors, the
30 classes were collected into six groups : —
Classes 1, 2, 3, 4, forming the group of Raw Materials.
Classes 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, forming the group of Machinery.
Classes 11, 12, 13, 14, 15. 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, forming the group of Textile
Fabrics.
Classes 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, forming the group of Metallic, Vitreous, and
Ceramic Maniifactures.
Classes 26, 27, 28, 29, forming the group of Miscellaneous Manufactures.
The thirtieth class forming the group of Fine Arts.
A classified list of subjects under the province of each jury was prepared, and
formed the hraitation to each class, being the same as that upon which the arrange-
ment of articles in the building had been made.
The constitution of the juries was thus regulated :— The jury in general
consisted of an equal number of British subjects and of Foreigners. If Foreign
Commissions did not send a sufficient number of Foreigners to represent
one-half of the jurors in each class, the deficient numbers might be completed
by the appointment of British subjects, or be made up by the persons named
by the Foreign Commissioners in London. Coimtry as well as metror'^tan
districts were represented on the jury. Each jury was presided ovei y a
chairman nominated by the Commissioners, and he was aided by a deputy
chairman elected by the jury. Juries were able to appoint one of their own
body as a reporter. The chairmen of the thirty juries were associated as
a body, and called the •' Council of Chairmen." In the absence of a chairman,
the deputy-chairman took his seat at the Council. The Council of Chairmen
was constituted, as far as practicable, of British subjects and Foreigners in equal
numbers. The first and chief duties of the Council of Chairmen were to frame
the rules for the guidance of the juries. The Council had to determine the
conditions under wliich the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd class medals respectively were to
be awarded, and to define the general principles to which it woiild be advisable
to conform in the awards in the several departments of the Exhibition. It was
the wish of the Commission that medals should be awarded to articles possessing
decided superiority of whatever nature that superiority might be, and not with
reference to a merely individual competition. The Juries were reminded that
" the three classes of medals are intended to distinguish the respective characters
of subjects, and not as first, second, and third in degree for the same class
of subjects." It was the function of the Council of Chairmen to see that the
awards of the individual juries were in accordance with the rules before they
were considered final. The propriety of pecuniary grants to individual exhibitors
as considered by the Commissioners only on the recommendation ol" the several
juries, sanctioned by the Council of Chairmen.
The mode of appointing the English jurors was as follows : — Those towns which Appointment of
exhibited to a considerable extent in any of the classes were invited to send a '"'""■'"""''•
list of names of persons who would efficiently represent the knowledge of those
classes as jurors. It was necessary to state according to the classified jury list, the
subdivisions of the class with which the person recommended was specially ac-
quainted ; and all nominations were made in classes, and not in the aggregate.
D
[OFnciAi. Illustrated Cataixhiije.J
84
INTRODUCTION.
und Forti|(n
Juron.
As it was ncccflflary to reduce the lists to the stondftrd number for each jury,
the Commission charged itself with this duty. Those persons who had been
recommended as jurors, but who from the small numbers of the jury were not
placed on it, might, on the application of a jury, be called in on special occasions
to give aid, under the title of associates, but without a vote.
The nomination of the foreign jurors was conducted on a somewhat different
principle. The Foreign Commissioners submitted, that a fuller representation of
the foreigners of all nations in the body which it was proposed to constitute for
the purpose of confirming the award of individual juries would be secured, by
referring the awards for confirmation to a general meeting of the juries of allied
subjects, according to the groupings already spoken of. And the Commissioners
assented to this modification. The selection of jurors for each foreign country
was of course left to that country; persons of skiUed knowledge being chosen to
represent those classes of objects in which the country was a considerable
exhibitor. It was recommended that in cases where the Central Commission was
too remote to obtain the nomination of the jurors in sufficient time, the Foreign
Commissioners should put themselves into communication with the diplomatic
representatives of their respective countries in London. The number of jurors
allotted to each foreign coimtry by the Cominissioners, upon the suggestion of
the Foreign Commissioners, was as follows: — Austria, 15; Zollverein, compre-
hending Bavaria, Prussia, Saxony, Wurtemburg, &c., 19 ; Belgium, 11 ;
North Germany, comprehending Bremen, Hamburgh, and Hanover, 3; Den-
mark, 1; France, 32; Greece, 1; Holland, 2; Portugal, 2; Russia, 6; Italy,
comprehending Sardinia and Tuscany, 6 ; Spain, 3 ; Sweden and Norway, 1 ;
Switzerland, 4; Turkey, 3 ; United States, 21 ; Egypt, 2.
If exliibitors accepted the office of jurors, they ceased to be competitors for
prizes in the class to which they were appointed, and these could not be awarded
either to them individually, or to the firms in which they might be partners.
Juries were at liberty to take evidence when a majority of the jury deemed
it advisable, and to name the persons to be consulted. Jurors of another class
might also be called in aid by a jury, when a knowledge involved in that class
was required. Juries were empowered to act in matters of detail by sub-com-
mittees, but no award could be made except by the majority of the jury. Before
a jury could finally moke its awards, it was necessary they should have been
submitted to a meeting of the juries of allied subjects, as indicated in the groups.
These meetings of allied juries had power to confirm the award of the juries,
and to investigate any disputed decisions. Before, however, the awards were
published, it was requisite they should have been submitted to a Council, con-
sisting of the chairmen of the juries, in order to secure uniformity of action,
and a compliance with the regulations originally laid down by that body. The
awards of a jury, when reported by the Council of Chairmen as being made in
conformity to the ndes, were final. The juries were aided in the general
transaction of the business by a person named by the Eoyal Commissioners, who
himself, or by a deputy a^^proved of by the Commission, was present at their
deliberations, for the purpobe of ei^plainiag the niles of the Commission. This
nominee of the Commission, who was Dr. Lyon Playfaib, did not have a vote in
any of the juries, or at all interfere in the adjudication of awards.
INTRODUCTION.
35
The Exhibition is open to tell it8 own talo, and is now submitted to the judg- condMton.
ment of the world.
All that has been done has been the work of a short and anxious period of
sixteen montliS. During that time, Her Majesty's Cummissioners have assembled
together upwards of forty times, to discuss and determine all principles.
When the Commissioners were not sitting, every important detail of action was
considered by His Royal Highness, the President, and by Lord Granville, as
Chairman of the Finance CoD'mittec. From time to time, as their eervices have
been required, the most distinguished persons in art aud science have met in
Committees, liberally to afford their assbtance to the Commifsioners. These
gentlemen, to whom the Exhibition is thus indebted, are named elsewhere ; and
it may be permitted to append a list of the staff", materially strengthened by
officers of the Boyitl Engineers, both of Her Majesty's and the Honourable East
India Company's service, which has carried the work into execution, and also to
acknowledge the effective aid of the Sappers and Miners who have been ^rmitted
by the Master General of the Ordnance to bring their military discipline and
business knowledge to aid in the arrangements of the Exhibition.
The work is done, and the collection mode of the productions of 15,000
exhibitors, working with the ability God hath given them. To these wo may
say with St. Paul, — " In lowliness of mind let each esteem others better tlian
themselves." And to spectators we may reiterate tho hope expressed by the
Prince, that "the first impression which the view of this vast collection will
produce will be that of deep thankfulness to the Almighty fcr the blessings which
he has bestowed upon via already here below ; and tho second, the conviction that
they can be only realized in proportion to tho help which we are prepared to
render to each other— therefore, only by peace, love, and ready assistance, not
only between individuals, but between the nations of the earth."
ExkBiitioK, Hyd» Park,
ZOth April, 1861.
Henry Cole.
d2
[ 36 1
DIRECTORY.
HER MAJESTY'S COMMI88IONE11S.
Preslilont, Hib IIotat. Hiohrkss Prince Ai.bkrt, K.G., F.R.fl.
HiiOniM th«DulieorBucci.F.ncii, K.Q., F.R.S.
Kt. Hon. th« KmI of Rohr, K.P., I>r. of K.S.
Rt. Hon. th« Karl oC ELLKSHcne, V.8,A.
Kt. Hon. the Karl (Iranville.
Rt. Hon. Lord Stamlry.
Rt. Hon. I.oni Overstoni!.
Rt. Hon. Lord John Runskli., M.IV F.R..S.
Kt. Hon. Hf.nrt Ladouohkhk, Ml'.
Kt. Hon. W. K. Ulamtonb, M.I*.
Sir Richard We8tmaoott, R,A.
Sir Charles Lvkll, K.R.8.
Sir Charlrh Lock Kastlakk, P.R.A., F.R.S.
Thoxas Bakino, Em]., M.P.
Charlei BAnnr, Enq., R.A., F.R.S,
Thomas iIazi.ev, Eaq.
Richard Comdicn, Km|., M.P.
W. CuiiiTT, Eni., K.R.S., P. of In«t. Civ. En({.
Thomas Field Oiimon, Em].
John Uorr, Eiq.
Profeuor Hopkins, Preiildent of the Qeologlcal
Soclstr.
Philip Pusev, Etq., M.P., F.R.S.
John Shepherd, Kaq., Chnirmnn of th« Hon, ■
Eait India Company.
ROHERT KTK.I-HF.NilON, Eiiq,, M.P., F.R.S.
Alderman Thumi>son, M.P.
J. Scott Ritsmell, Esq., F.R.S.
Sir Stafvoru Henuy Northcote, Dart.
Edoar a. Buwrinq {Actimj Stcretary).
Secretariei.
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE.
Lt.-Col. Reid, R.E.,C.B., F.R.S. (Chairman.)
Henry Cole, Esq.
Charles Wentworth Dilke, Eaq.
Francis Fuller, Eiq.
Oeoroe Drew, Esq.
Matthew Dioiiy w yatt, Esq. iSecretary.)
SPECIAL COMMISSIONERS TO COMMUNICATE WITH LOCAL COMMITTKKS.
Dr. Lyon Playfair, F.R.S. | Lt.-Col. J. A. Lloyd, F.R.S.
FINANCE COMMITTEE
Rt. Hon. Earl Granville.
Rt. Hon. Lord Overbtone.
Rt Hon. H. LAnoucHGRE, M.P.
Rt. Hon. W. E. Olamtonb, M.P.
T. Baring, Esq., M.P.
R. Cooden, Esq., M.P.
T. F. OiDsoN, Esq., M.P.
Sir A. Y. Spearman, Bart.
8. M. Peto, Esq., M.P,
COJIMITTEE APPOINTED FOR ALL MATTERS RELATING TO THE BUILDING.
RoRERT Stephenson, Esq., M.P., F.R.S.
His Grace the Duke of Bucclecch, K.O., F.R.S.
Rt. Hon. the Earl of Ellksmerb, F.S.A.
Charles Barry, Esq., K.A., F.K.S.
William Cdbitt, Esq., F.R.S., Pr. of I.C.E.
C. R, Cockerell, Esq., R.A.
I. K, Bkunel, Esq., F.K.S.
Thomas L, Donaldson, Esq., M.I.B.A.
Rt. Hon. Lord Colborne.
W. Dyce, Esq., R.A.
J. Gibson, Esq., R.A.
C. Newton, Esq.
MEDAL COMMITTEE.
Mons. Passavant.
Dr. Waagen.
M. EuoENE Laicy.
INSCRIPTION COMMITTEE.
Rt. Hon. W. E. Gladstone, M.P.
The Lord Lvttelton.
Rt. Hon T. B. Macaulay,
The Rev. H. G. Liddell.
The Rev. the Dean of St. Paul's.
DIRECTOHY.
97
COMMITTKK Al'l'OINTKD VOH COMMUNICATINO WITH THE LOCAL COMMITTEES OK
TtlE METKOl'OLIS.
Hi. Hon Em-I Ukanvillu (Chairmm).
Molt Noble th« Marqui* of Halmouuv, K.U.
lU. Ilou. Vls.;oiint Canninu,
Kt. Hon. Lord AaiiuiiinoN.
lit. Hon. tlitt Luiit) Mavoh of Lomdon.
Sir John Uoilkau, Bart., l''.l(.S.
KllANOM SMUULkiV, E«q., High BiUlilT of WUT-
MiMiriitt.
L, EMI., I
JUHKIMI l.lltiKK., Em|,, M.I'., K.R.8.
W. (.'arrow, Eu\.
TllOMAH OlIMOM, Eiq.
Dr. AiiNorr, K.K.S.
Joshua l^iicLn, Em.
Chahlkh Mamuv, Emi., F,0..S.
M KM BE 118 OF COMMITTEES OF SECTIONS.
Section I.— Raw Materials and Ph'>duce.
(a.) MiNEBAL KiNOnOH.
Sir ClURLKB LVKLL, F.R.S., I'r. of O.S.
Sir HiSNiir T. Da la Bcohe, C.B., K.K.S.
Sir KobUuiGK MuitOHigON, K.K.S.
Or. Lyon Playpair, F.K.S.
lUouAUD Philips, Esq., F.R.!^.
(6.) VeOETABLE KlMODOM.
Piitup PusEY, Enq., M.P., F.R.S.
Sir Wi'.LiAU Hooker, LL.D., F.R.S.
Profewor Royle, M.D., F.R.S.
Profeuor Linoley, D.C.L., F.R.S.
Prufsuor Faiudav, D.C.L., F.R.S.
Profeuor Solly, F.R.S.
Humphrey Uuanduetm, Eiq.
W. FisuEU Uuiuw, E* '
(c.) AMIV.VL KuiuooM.
Rt. Hon. Lord Stanle..
Profeuor Owen. I'.R.S.
Profesior E. FoiiiiEB, F.R.S.
Profeir^rBRAM-i-, F.R.S.
Profeuor HorM.vNN, F.R.S.
Section II. — Machineky.
Rt. Hon. the Earl of Rosse, K.P., Pr. of R.S.
Sir John Remnib, F.R.S.
Sir John Hersouel, Bart, F.R.S.
William Cuditt, Esq., F.R.S., Pr. of I.C.E.
Robert Stephenson, Esq., M.P., F.K.S.
The Astronomer Royal, F.R.S.
PUIUP PUSEY, Esq. M.P., F.R.S.
Profeuor Walker, F. f .f).
Profeuor V 'Lis, F.R.S.
I. K. Bhu .i. iq., F.R.S.
Sir BALDf iN W i-ker, K.C.B.
The Pres. .'ENT ut' the College of Surgeons.
Sir Oeorue Smart.
(a) AOHICULTURAL iMPLEMEN'iS.
Hon. Dudley Pelham, M.P. (Deceased.)
Col. B. CUALLONER.
Anthony Hamond, Eiq.
W. Miles, Eiq., M.P.
Joseph Locke, Esq. M.P., F.R.S.
Philip Pusey, Esq., M.P., F.R.S.
Brasdret'« Qidbs, Esq.
K. S. TaOiil'SON, Esq.
J. V, Shelley, Esq.
Section III. — Mandfactubes.
Rt. Hon. W. E, Gladstone, M.P.
Alderman Thompson, M.P.
Richard Cobden, Esq., M.P.
Thomas Field Quison, Esq.
TtiOMAS Bazley, Esq.
John Gott, Esq.
Herbert Minton, Esq.
Apsley Pellatt, Esq.
R. Redgrave, Esq.,R.A.
J. R. Herbert, Esq., R.A.
H. J. TOWNSEND, Esq.
J, JoBsoN Smith, Esq.
J. H. Marshall, Esq., M.P.
J. H. Vivian, Esq., M.P.
Professor Graham, F.R.S.
Professor Woodcroft.
Professor Cowper.
John Hardman, Esq.
H. T. Hope, Esq., M.P.
Sir John Guest, M.P., F.R.S.
Pascob Grenfell, Esq., M.P.
J. D. Morries Stirling, Esq., F.R.S.K.
Sir John Boileau, Bart., F.R.S.
Seoi'ion IV. — SccLPTOUE, Models, and the Plastic Aut.
Rt. Hon. the Earl of Aberdeen, K.T.,F.R.S.,Pr. S.A.
Rt. Hon. Viscount Canning.
Rt. Hon. Lord AsnnuRTON.
Sir Richard Westmacott, R.A.
Sir Charles Lock Eastlake, P.R.A., F.R.S.
Charles Barry, Esq., R.A., F.R.S.
Charles Baring Wall, Esq., M.P., F.R.S.
Wm. Wyon, Esq , R.A.
Edward Hodces Baily, £bi., R.A,, F.R.S.
D. Maclise, Esq., R.A.
Thomas Uwins, Esq., K.A.
88
DIRECTORY.
LIST OF COMMISSIOXFitS, &o. APPOINTED ABROAD TO PROMOTE THE EXHIBITION
OF 1851 IN LONDON.
FRANCE.
La Commisgion g^ndrale, institute par arrdt^a dea 28 Fdyrier et 11 Mara 1850, a'est, dana aa
adance du IC Mora, diviade en 6 Commiaaiona apdoialea, dont Toioi lea attributions et la com-
position :•
M. Pa YEN.
M. MicnGL Chevalier.
M. EncLUEN, Directeur de la Manufacture Na-
tionale de Sdvres.
M. LE ClIATELIER,
1° Cmnmission des Affaires administratives et da la
Correspondence.
M. CiiAiiLES DiTPiN, de I'Acaddmie des Sciences,
Prdsident de la Comnuaaion Qdndrale.
M. 1>E Le8SE1>8, Directeur dea Conaulats et dea
Affaires Cominercialea au Miniature des Af
fairea Etrangdrea.
M. DRLAVENAr, Secrdtaire-Odndral du Miniature
de I'Agriculture et du Commerce.
M. MoNNV DE MoRNAr, Chef de la division de
I'Agriculture.
M. Fleurv, Chef de la division du Commerce
Elxtdiieur.
M. Delahure, Chef de la diviaion du Commerce
Intdrieur.
M. CiiEMiN-DirroNTES, Chef du Bureau des Faita-
Commerciaux, Secrdtaire de la Commission
Qdndrale.
M.
2° Convmission des Arts Agricoles,
Hericart de TiiORv, de I'Acaddmie
Sciencea.
M. Touruet, Vice Prdsident du Jury Central.
M. Payen, de I'Acaddmio des Sciences.
M. AumandSequier, de I'Acaddmie des Sciences.
M. DE Kergorlay, Membre de la Socidtd Na-
tiouale et Centrale d'Agricultm-e.
M. MoNSY DE Mors AY.
3° Commission des Arts ifScaniqiies et de Precision.
M. PouiLLET, de I'Acaddmie des Sciences.
M. AKMANDSEoniEii, del'Acaddmie des Sciences.
M. MouiN, de I'Acftddmie des Sciences.
M. CoMiii;s, de I'Acaddmie des Sciences.
M. Michel Chevalier, lugduieur en Chef des
Mines.
M. LE ClIATELIER, Ingduiour dea Mines.
4° Commission des Arts Chimiques et
Metallurgiques.
M. Balaud, do I'Acaddmie des Sciences.
M. Heuicaut du Tiiury.
5° Commission des l^ssw.
M. Mimerel, Prdsident de la Commiaaiou dea
Tiaaua au Jury Central.
M. Leoemtil, Prdsident de la Chambre de Com-
merce de Paria.
M. Baruet, Membre du Jury Central de I'ln-
duatrie Nationale.
M. Sallandrouze de Lahornauc, Membre du
Jury Central.
M. DU Lavenay.
6" Commission des Beaux-Arts et Arts divers.
M. Fontaine, de I'Acaddmie des Beaux Arts.
M. Leon de Ladorde, de rAcaddmio des Beaux
Arts.
M. Armand Seouier.
M. EnELMEN.
M. DE Lavenay.
M. Delamdre.
Dans une deuxieme sdance qui a eu lieu le 20
courant, ont dtd dlua Prdsideuta dea diverses
Commissions : —
I. CommissionAdministrativej^jj^"^"''*^^
II. Commission des Arts Agri- fM. Hericart
coles \ DE TllURY.
III. Commission des Arts Mdca-lu n
niques et de Prdcisiou . . /"• Combes.
IV. CommiHsion des Arts Chi-)M. Hericart
miqucs et Mdtallurgiques J de Thury.
V. Commission des Tissus . M. Leoentil.
VI. Commission desBeaux Arts Kr i?
dt Arts divers . . . . fM. Fontaine.
Tous les renseignementa destinds ii la Commis-
sion doiveut 6tre adressds au Ministire de I'Agri-
culture et du Commerce.
BELGIUM.
Presiihmt. — M. de Brouckere, Bourgmestre de
la Ville de Bruxelles, Membre de la Chambre
des Ueprdsontants, Prdsident du Jury 1' Expo-
sition Industrielle do 1847.
Memhrcs. — M. Bi:i.li;kuoid, Chef de la Division
do I'Agriculture au Ddp\rtment de 1' Intdrieur.
M. IjENdiT Faiier, Ddldgud de la Chambre de
Commerce de Namur.
M. Cai'itaine, Fabrieanth Li5ge, ddldgud do la
Cliarabre de Commerce de cette Ville.
M. Ci.AKs (Paul)_uE LKMUEaj, Agi'onome.
M. Kindt, Inspocteur pour les Affaires Industri-
elles, au Ddpartment de I'lntdrieur.
M. KfMS, Fabricant Ji Auvoi-s, ddldgud par la
Cliambre de Commerce de cette Ville.
M. Manilu's, Membre de la Chambre des Reprd-
sentauts, ddldgud par la Chambre de Commerce
<lo Oiind.
M. Overman, Fabric.uit !i Tnurnay, ddldgud poi-
la Chambre de Commerce do cette Ville.
M. Partoes, Directeur du Commerco Extdrieur
et des Consulats au Ddpartment t^ea Affaires
Etrangferes.
M. QuoiLiN, Secrdtaire Gdndral au Ddpartment
des Finances.
M. RoMiiERO, Chef de la Division de I'lndustrio
au Ddpartment de I'lntdrieiu".
M. SiMONis, (Armand), Prdsident de laChambrs
de Commerce de Verviers.
M. Si-rrAK.i.s, (Ferdinand), Membre du Sdnat, dd-
ldgud par la Chambre de Commerce de Charle-
I'oy.
M. Van Hooff, Fabricant li Saint-Nicolas, ddld-
gud par la Chambre de Commerce de cette
Ville.
M. Vercruvse-Bruneel, (H.), Fabricant ?i Cour-
tray, ddldgud de la Chambre do cette Ville.
M. Verrevt, Fabricant h, Bruxelles. ddldgud par
la Chambre de Commerce de cette Ville.
* Voir le Moniteur tin 21 Mara 186U.
DIRECTORY.
39
NETHERLANDS.
PresideTtt — M. Joskiiuh D. R. Givers Deynoot,
Direoteur de la Sooidtd pour rEucourogement
de rindustrie it Haarlem, demem-ant & Rotter-
dam.
Mentbres—^. leDocteurG. Simons, Directeurda
I'Acaddmie Royale k Delft.
M. D. C. BuuiiLKR, Membre de I'liiBtitut Royal
des PiiyH-Bau, Vicu-Prdsident de rAcoduiuie
Royale dea Beaux Arts ii Amsterdam.
AUSTRIA. — ^A Commission formed, consisting of the following Members : —
Commissions-Mitylwder fiir JiShmen.
PrSsidmt—Herr Andukas Rittku v. Baumoart-
NBR, k. k. geheimer Rath, Seotions-Chef im
Ministerium der Fiuanzen, Vice-Prttsident der
k. k. Akademie der Wissensuhafteu in Wien,
&o.
Priisidcntens-Stellvertretor — Herr Michael Rit-
TRR V. Si<dRLiN, Fabriksinhaber, Mitglied der
Wiener Handelskammer.
Vertreler der Ministcrien — Herr Dr. Karl Hock,
Ministerialrath im Ministerium des Handels.
Herr Dr. MoRiz Ritter v. Bkstkneck, Sections-
rath im Ministerium der Finanzen.
Herr Joseph Kuoernatsch, Sectionsrath im
Ministerium des Bergbaues tmd der Laudes-
Cultur.
SchriftfiiJu-er— Herr Heinrich Henkino, Miuis-
teml-Secrotiir. Commissions-Mitglieder fiir
Nieder-Oesterreioh .
Herr Theooor Hornbostel, Fabriksinhaber,
Priisident der Wiener Handelskammer und
des Nioder-Oesterreichischen Qewerbs-Ver-
niues.
HeiT Carl Rosner, Professor der Baukunst und
provisorischer Priisident der k. k. Akademie
dor Kunste in Wien.
HeiT Carl Ritter v. Kleyle, Sections-Chef
und Ministerialrath im Ministerium fiir Limdes-
Cultur.
HeiT AnAM RirrER v. Buro, k. k. Regierungs-
rath, Director des Polyteclmischen Institutes
und Vico-Priiaident des Nieder-Oesterreich-
ischen Qewerb-Vereines.
Herr Paul Sprenoeu, Sectionsrath der Genoral-
Baudirection.
Hurr A. Steinueil, Sectionsrath im Ministoriimi
des Handels.
Herr jAoon Reoenhart, Kaufmann
und Fabriksinhaber,
Herr Joiiann Maver, Groszhiiudler
und Fabriksinhaber, Mit{,'liedor
HeiT LuuwiQ DABiBiicK, Fabriksin- .der Wieuer
haber, f Haudela-
Hen- Joseph Zeisel, Fabiiksiu- kammer.
hivber,
Herr LuDWio Hauutmutii, Fabriks-
iuhnber,
Hen- Gus'i'AV Hofken, Sectionsrath im Minis-
terium dea Handels.
HeiT Franz Freiherr von Leitiiner, k. k.
Rtigierungsrath und Fabriks-Director.
Herr Alois Auer, k. k. Kegieruugsrath und
Director dor Stnatsdruckerci.
Horr Anton SciiitoTTEit, ProfoRsor dor Choinie,
Mitglied dor Akademie der Wissouschofton in
Wion.
Herr Lunwio von Brevilt.iers, Fabriksinhaber.
Herr Georo Enhuis, GTOHzhamilungs-Dirigeut.
Horr TiiEODOR Gclciiern, Fabriksinhaber.
Horr Carl Leistleii, Tischlei-meister.
HerrMATTHAUS E >ler von Uosthorn, Oeworke.
Horr Heinrich D. Schmidt, Fabriksinhaber.
Horr Otto Schumann, Kaufmium.
Horr Dr. Wilhelm Schwarz, SecrotUr der
Wiener Handelskammer.
Hen* Kmii. SEvnEL, FabrikNgosollHfhoftcr.
Horr Johann B STUEiciif.ii, I'liiviennaohor.
ilerr Ernst Weidikuer, Fahriks I>iicctoi'.
■in Prag.
Herr Franz Graf von Harrach, Fa-
briksinhaber und Priisident des bohm.
Gewerb-Vereins,
Herr Carl Ballino, Professor der
Chemie & Vice-Priisident des bohm.
Gewerb-Vereins,
Herr Johann B. Riedel, Kaufmann &
Vorsteher des Handelatandes,
Herr Dr. Carl Kreutzuero, Fabriks-
inhaber,
Hen- B. von Partheim, Fabriksinhaber
Herr Franz Richter, Fabriksinhaber.
Herr Johann Liehio, Fabriksin- |
haber und Priisident des Qewerb- 1 . •,,„; • ,
Veremes, lin Roichen-
Herr Wilhelm Siomund, Fabriks-j ^'^'
inhaber. I
Herr Carl Fischer, Fabriksuihaber in Pirken-
hammer.
Herr Eduard Leitenrerger, Fabriksinhaber in
Reichstodt.
HeiT A. D. Mayer, Fabriksinhaber in Winter
berg.
Horr M. Mayer, Bergswerks-Director in Nou-
Joauhimathal.
Heir Jon. Reiniiold, Fabriksinhaber in Wams-
dorf.
Commisswns-Mitijlkdcv fiir Mahren mid Scfikucn.
Herr Hugo Furst von Salm-Reiffkrscheid-
Kkautheim, Fabriksinhaber und Piiisident der
Miihiiach - Schlosischen Landwirthachaftsge-
sullschaft.
Herr Leopold Hauit, Fabriksinhaber.
HeiT Flouentin Rodert, Fabriksinhaber hi
Selowitz.
HeiT PiiiLiPP SciloLLER, Fabrikainhabor in
Briinn.
HeiT Heinrich Zurhelle, Fabrika-Director in
Namiest.
Commissions-Miftjlicdcr fiir Oalizicn die Buliowimt
xmd das Ocbwt voh Krakitu,
Horr Alfred Graf v. Potocky, k. k. goh. Riith
und Fabriksinhaber.
Horr Joseph Uuszeuher, k. k. Guberuialrath
und Bergwerks-Director in Wieliczka.
Herr Caul Hau,sni;r, Oruszhiindlor in Brody.
Horr ViNCENZ Kiuoiimayer, Oroazhiiudler, in
Krakau.
Horr FlouianSeiger, Groazhiindler, mLcniborg.
Commissiims-MiUilicder fiir Uiiijurn, Cronlien, Sla-
votiien, Sicliciibiliyeii die Woimnliim, daa TcmeS'
cher ISanat nnd die Militihyiiiiuc.
Herr Graf Joh. Bakkotzv, Giiuid-\
boaitzer,
HorrAudi'ST L. KuArsi:, k.k. CaineriJ-
rath unil Fabrikon lutipcctur, inPcsth.
HoitCmuisv. J. M.M.viEi'x, Gro3zluui-l
<lloi',
Herr Samiei. v. Joou, Giiter-DirGot(ir,J
40
DIRECTOKY.
AUSTKIA— c«n«ni«;c<.
Herr Joseph Ritter v. Ferro, k. k. Sections-
rath und Miuiaterial-Commissor, in Nagy-
Banja.
Herr Cari. Walburo, Kaufmann, in Kronatodt.
Herr Carl Mcynier, Fabrikaiuhaber, in Flume.
HerrAuTONTsciiOPP, Oroszhiiudler, in Carlstadt.
Commissions-Afitglieder fiir Steiermark, K&i-nthen,
Krain, Ti-iest, Gorz, latrien, und Dalniatien.
Herr Doctor Franz Hlubeck, Professor und
Secretiir der SteiermU'rkischen Landwirth-
Bchafts-Oeaellschaft, in Oratz.
Herr Dr. Carl PEiNTiNaER,\
Bei^gwerka-Director, I
Herr Peter Tunner, Vorste- Hn Voi-demberg.
herder montanistischenLeh- 1
ranatalt, '
Herr Thomas Ritter v. Moro,A
Fabriksinhaber, I- iri * j.
Herr J. Scheliesznigo, Be.B-| ^ "■*•
werka-Inspector, >
Herr Hioinricii Costa, Ober-'
amta-Director,
HerrWiLLiAiiMoHNEjFftbriks-
Director,
Herr Kalibian Ritter v.
MiNERiii, Qroazhiindler und
Fabiikainhaber,
Herr Carl Reoensdorff,
QroBzhiiudlungs-Dirigont,
'in Laibach.
in Triest.
Cuinmissions-Mitglieder fiir das Lmnbardisch- Veen-
tianische Koniijreioh.
in Venedig.
Herr Ernst v. Mylics, Oroaz-\
handlunga-Oesellsohafter Ljjailand.
Herr Albert Keller, Fabnks- r
inhaber, |
Herr Joseph Ant. Reali, Fa-
briksinhaber,
Herr PeterBigaglia, Fabriks-
inhaber,
Herr Ferdinand Zucciielli,
Kaufmann,
Commisaions-Mitglirder fiir Tirol und Vorarlbertj.
Herr Caspar Litti, Fabriks-'
Director,
Herr Joseph Mayer, Kauf-
mann,
Herr Melciiior Jenny, Fa-
briksinhaber,
Herr Joiian Kennedy, Fa-
briksinhaber,
Herr Anton RnoMBERO,
Herr Jos. Bettini, Fabiikainhaber, in Roveredo.
Herr Joiiann Putzer, Qroazhiindler in Botzen.
Commissions- Mitglicd fiir Ober-OcsterreicK und
Salzburg.
Herr Johann Ritter v. Dierzer, Fabriksin-
haber in Linz imd Voi-steher der Delegation
des Niedor-OeaterreichiBchen Qewerb- Voi-eines.
Herr Dr. L. Kompasz, JDelegiite d^ Nied
„ „ _ ' Oesterr. Qewerlt-
Herr Math. Lechner, VereinesinSteycr.
Herr Carl Mitterbaciier, Fabriksinhaber, in
Salzburg.
.in Innsbruck.
in Vorarlbei-g.
I
PRUSSIA. — A Commission formed, conaiating of the followiug Members :-
Oeheimen Ober-Finanzrath von Viebahn.
Geheimen Regierungsrath Delbruck.
Director des Koniglichen Qowerbe-Inatituts, Dr.
Druckenmcllkr.
Professor Dr. Schubartii.
Fabriken Kommissionsrath Weddino.
Fabriken Kommissionsrath Bui.^.
Oeheimen Kommerzieurath Carl.
Oeheimen Kommorzienrath Baudouin.
Herr F. Ziuueruann.
Herr Weioerl.
Herr Oertlino.
Herr Dr. Ludersdorf.
Herr Bidtel.
BAVARIA.— The Polytechnic Society of Munich.
SAXONY. — M. le Dr. Weinlio, Conseiller intimd au Ministfcro do I'lutdrieur.
HAMBURGH.— The Society for the Promotion of Arts and the U.soful Professions.
Dr. W. A. Kramer (Secretary).
BREMEN.— Dr. Henry Orosino.
LUBECK.— Tlio Trades Committee of the Patriotic Society.
WURTEMBURO.— Herr Sautter, Preaident of the Central Society for Industry and Trade. '
GRAND DUCHY OF HESSE DARMSTADT.
Privy Councillor Eckuardt, President of the Trades' Union of the Grand Duchy of Hesso.
NASSAU. — The Chamber of Cor.iraerce of Nassau, through its President the Assessor Odeiinheimer
of Wiesbaden.
HANOVER.— Ax-t-Uuion of Hanover.
SWITZERLAND.— A Commission formed, consisting of the following Membei-s:—
M. Jenni, Manufacturer, of Claris.
M. Sauasin, of Bale.
M. SiJi.zBEKOF.n, Manufacturer, of St. Oall.
Dr. Schneider, of Bemo (President)
M. Bollev, Professor, of Aarau.
M. CoLLAW)S, ProfcHsor, of Geneva.
Major Coi'RvoisiEB, Neuchatel.
M. ZiEOLER Pellis, of Wiuterthur.
DIRECTORY.
41
RUSSIA.
Two Commiasions formed, one at St. Petersbui-gh and the other at Odessa. The Royal Comnm-
sioners to communicate with them through the Agent of the Imperial Finance Department
(M. Kamensky), who resides in London.
SWEDEN.— M. D. C. de Skoqman, President du CoUige du Commerce.
NORWAY.
M. Lavobero, Professor of Natural Philosophy.
Colonel Oahben, of the Engineers.
M. Yabbeix, Mechanician.
Captain Veiioelakd, of the Artillery.
M. SoHiNNER, Architect.
M. Yehoman, Ornamental Paiuter.
Who together form the direction of the Society of Arts at Christiania.
DENMARK. — A Commission formed.
sdo.
sen.
((
\
sin'
tion
aes.
Hed
Bi-b-
H
jci:
W
m
TUSCANY. — A Commission formed, consisting of the following Members :
Ml-
Prcnidtmt. — The Chevalier Bai.dasseroj»i,
nister of Finance and Commerce.
Sir Q. B. Hamilton, H.B.M. Minister Plenipo-
tentiary at the Court of Tuscany. (Since
dead.)
Signor Corbidi, Director of the Technical In-
stitute of Florence.
The Chevalier Brocchi, Ex-Director of ditto.
The Marquis Ridolpui, Deputy of the Academy
of the Georgofili.
Mr. Horace Hall, Deputy of the Chamber of
Commerce of Florence.
Count F. De Lardenel, Deputy of the Chamber
of Commerce of Leghorn.
The Marquis Mazzarosa, Deputy of the Chamber
of Commerce of Lucca.
NAPLES. — A Commission formed, composed of Members of the Reale Istituto d'Incoraggiamento.
SARDINIA. — A Commission formed, including the Hon. Ralph Abercromby, H.B.M.'s Minister
Plenipotentiary at the Court of Sardinia.
SPAIN. — ^A Commission formed, consisting of the following Members: —
Coimnisaioners.
El Almirante Duque de Veragua (President).
Don Salustiano de Olozaqa.
Don Antosio Ramon Zarco del Valle.
Don Juan Alvarez y Mendizabau
Don Alejandro Olivan.
Don Jose Caveda.
Don ClIRISTODAL BORDIN.
Don Joaquin Alfonso.
Don Antonio Guillermo Moreno.
Don Juan Manuel Calderon.
Don Buenaventura Carlos Ariban.
Don Manuel Oarcia Bavranallana.
Don CiPBiANO Seoundo Montesino.
Committee-.
Don Salustiano de Olozaqa {President).
Don Juan Alvarez y Mendizadal.
Don Antonio Ramon Zarco del Valle.
Don Manuel Oarcia Bavranallana.
Don CiPRiANO Segundo Montesino (Secretary).
TURKEY. — A Commission formed, consisting of the following Members: —
President.
IsuAEL Pacha, Minister of Commerce.
Vice-Presidents.
Salik Bey, Assistant of the Minister of Com-
merce.
Said Bey, Secretary to the President.
M. Lafontaine, Secretary to con-espond with
England,
Members.
Nejeeb Effendi.
Hajji Bekir Aqa.
YusuF Hajjar.
Seid Mustapila Effendi.
Hajji Hashim Zadeii Emin Effendi.
Balmoomji Zaden Salik Effendi,
QoRQiii Alesioglon.
Yacoob Vartores.
Elia Hava.
GREECE. — A Commission formed, consisting of the following Members :-
M. Lucas Ralli, President. Professor Landerer.
M. SiMOS. M. C. G. DocROUTTi.
M. C. N. Dossios. M. G. P. Scuzfs
M. le Capitaine G. Tombazis.
M. L. Caftanqioglu.
M. DOMNANDO.
M. S. A. Spiuotakis, Secretary.
PERSIA. — The Mellik-oot-toojjar, Chief of the Merchants.
CHILE. — The following Gentlemen have been appointed to con-espond with the Commission in
Loudon : —
Don Pedro Nolasco Mena, Chairman of the Society of Agriculture and Beneficence.
Don IiiNAcio DoMEVKo, Professor of Chemisti-y.
Don Julio Jaiuuez, Director of the School of Arts and Trades.
42
DIRECTORY.
PERU.
The Minister of the Home Department {Preiidmt).
Don Luis Fonucca,
Don Nicolas Pierola.
Dou Nicolas Rodrioo.
A Commission formed.
VENEZUELA.
The Royal Commissioners to communicate through Mr. Milliqan, Consul-
Qeueral for the Oovemment of Venezuela.
UNITED STATES.
The National Institute, in conformity with the wish of the (Jovemment, have appointed the following
Gentlemen to form a Central Committee to correspond with the different St Jeties and Local
Committees throughout the United States.
Hon. Millard Fillmore, President of the
United States, Chancellor of the Regents of
the Smithsonian Institution.
Colonel Pktgr Force, President of the National
Institute.
Hon. Jas. a. Pearce, United States' Senate,
Member of the Board of Regents of the Smith-
sonian Institution.
Hon. Levi WoonnuRY, Member of the National
Institute, Associate Justice of the Supreme
Com-t of the United States.
Commodore Lewis Warrington, United States'
Navy, Member of the National Institute, Chief
of the Bureau of Ordnance and Hydrography.
Pi'ofessor Joseimi Henry, Vice-President of the
National Institute and Secretary of the Smith-
sonian Institution.
Professor Walter R. Johnson, Corresponding
Secretary of the National Institute.
Professor Alexander D. Bache, Member of the
National Institute, Member of the Board of
Regents of the Sniitliaonian Institution, and
Super! 'itendeut of the Coast Survey.
Commander Charles Wilkes, United States'
Navy, Member of the National Institut--. late
Commander United States' Exploring Ex )edi-
tion.
Hon. W. W. Seaton, Member of the National
Institute, Mayor of Washington.
Hon. Jefferson Davis, United States' Senate,
Member of the Board of Regents of the Smith-
sonian Institution.
Lieutenant Matthew F. Maury, Umted States'
Navy, Vice-President of the National Insti-
tute, and Superintendent of the National Ob-
servatory.
Charles F. Stansbury, Esq., Recording Secre-
tary of the National Institute.
J. James Oreknough, Esq., Member of the
National Institute.
Colonel J. J. AiiERT, Member of the National
Institute, Chief of the Topographical Bureau.
General Jos. G. Totten, Vice-President of the
National Institute, Chief Engineer United
States' Army.
Thomas Ewiiank, Esq., Commissioner of Patents.
William Easdy, Esq., Ti-easurer of the National
Institute.
Dr. Leonard D. Gale, Member of the National
Institute, Examiner of Patents,
J. C. G. Kennedy, Esq., Member of the National
Institute, Superintendent of Census.
ExRA C. Seaman, Esq., Member of the National
Institute.
Professor Walter R. Johnson {Secretary'),
FOREIGN ACTING COMMISSIONERS.
America, United
States of . . '
Austria . . . <
Bavaria . . .
Belgium . . .
Brunswick . .
Denmark . . .
Duchy of Nassau >
E!aYi>T ....
Electorate op
Hesse Cassel .
France . . . '
Frankfort . .
Grand Duchy of
Hesse ...
Greece . . .
Hamiiuroh
Hanover . . .
Edward Riddle.
N. 8. DoixiE, Secretary.
■ Chevalier de Buro.
, Charles Busciiek.
Professor Dr. Sohafhautl.
Charles Cuylits.
I'rofessor V^rentrapp.
Reunar Westeniiolz.
■ Herr Assessor Odern-
ilEIMER.
Capt. Abdul Hamed.
I Herr Assessor Schreider.
' Sallandrouze de Lamor-
[ NAIX.
M. P. Ellissen.
I' M. Rukssler.
M. Ralli.
M. NoiiACif.
M. Stahl»chmidt.
Netherlands
Portugal
Rome .
Russia
Sardinia
Saxony
Spain .
Sweden & Norway
Switzerland. . |
Tunis ....
Turkey . . .
Tuscany . . .
wurtemburg . |
zollverein . .
G. Goossens.
F. J. Vanzeller.
Sr, Carlo Trebbi.
Gabriel Dk Kamensky.
Chevalier Lencisa.
Dr. W. Seyffarth, LL.D.
Don Alfonso.
Dun Ramon de la Saora.
Dou M. DE YSASI.
Charles Tottie.
Dr. BOLLEY. ^
Professor Colladon.
Sig. Hamda Elhkadden.
Edward Zohrab.
Professor P. CORRIDI.
Dr. Steinbeis.
Charles Brand.
M. SCHIEDMAYEItt
M. Von Vieuahn.
DIRECTORY.
43
inaul-
>wins
Locu
bioual
mate,
luith-
tates'
Inati-
aob-
Secro-
f the
tional
ireau.
)f the
rnited
teuts.
tional
tional
tional
tional
ACTING COMMISSIONERS AND ACTING AGENTS FOR COLONIES.
East Indies, Indian Arohipelaoo, &o. — Dr. Rotle, Mr. Downing.
Ceylon. — Mr. John Capper, 4 Sussex Place, Canonbury, Islington.
Jersey and Guernsey. — Captain Childers, Mr. Cluoas,
Malta.— Mr. Ginoell, 66 Cornhill.
Cape of Good Hope and Natal. — Mr. Harrison Watson.
Canada. — Sir Randolph Routh, Mr. Peter McGill, Mr. J. H. Drew, Mr. T. Houohton.
Nova Scotia. — Mr, C. D. Archibald, 15 Portland Place.
Barbadoes. — Mr. Reade.
British Guiana (Deherara, &c.)— Mr. Ridoway, 42 Leicester Squaic.
Bahamas.— Mr. Daniell, 18 Wigmore Street, Cavendish Square.
Trinidad. — Messrs. Lightly and Simon, 123 Fenchurch Street.
South Australia.— Messrs. Hallett and Co,
Western Australia. — Mr. Barnard,
New South Wales. — Mr. Barnard.
New Zealand. — Mr. Moore, 30 Ai-undel Street, Strand.
Van Diemen's Land.— Mr. McLachlan, 17 St. Helen's Place.
DEPARTMENTS OF THE EXHIBITION DURING THE ARRANGEMENTS.
l%e Acting Members of the Executive Committee — Lieut.-
Colonel Reid, R.E., and Mr. C. W. Dilke (Control of
Building and General Superintendence); Mr. H. Cole
(Space and Arrangement of Articles).
Juries — Professor Playfair and Lieutenant Ward, R.E.
Preparation of Plans, and Superintendence of Building Ar-
rangements— Mr. M. D. Wyatt. Clerk of Works — Mr.
Earie.
Architectural Matters, and Decoration of Building — Mr.
Owen Jones.
Engineering Superintendence — Mr. C. H. Wild.
Corresponding Secretary — Mr. F, Duncombe.
Pegistrar of Letters — Mr, Wade,
Post Office Department — Mr. Osmond Jones.
Finance — F. S. Carpenter, A.C.G.
Clerks to Boyal Commission— Mt, H. R. Lack and Mr. 0. T.
Wright.
Superintendents of British Side of Building — Captain Collin-
SON, R.E., and Lieutenant Crossman, R.E.
Superintendent of Fo-eign Side of Building — Captain Owen,
R.E. Assistants — Lieutenant E. F. Ducane, R.E., and
Mr. Harman. Secretary — Mr. Wylde.
Receiver of Goods, British — Mr. Belshaw.
Receiver of Qoods, /bret^n— Captain Rafter.
Space and Admission of Articles— Captain Owen, R.E., and
Lieutenant Crossman, R.E.
British Colonies— Di. Lindley, Lieutenant Tyler, R.E., and
Lieutenant Brownlow, Hon. E.I.C.E.
Indian Collection — Dr. Royle and Professor Solly.
Chinese and Persian Collections — Lieut.-Colonel Lloyd and
Lieutenant Tyler, R.E.
Registration of Designs — Captain L, Boscawen Ibbetson.
Arrangements for Working Classes — Mr. A. Redgrave.
Catalogue — Superintendent on Part of the Commission —
Lieut.-Colonel Lloyd. Contractors — Messrs. Spicer and
Clowes. Scientific Editor — Mr. R. Ellis. Compiler —
Mr. G, W. Yapp,
Police — Superintendent for Commissioner of Police— Sir.
Pearce.
Customs — Mr, Rolls and Mr, Fairman,
Royal Sappers and Miners — 5th Company, Captain Owen,
R,E, 22nd Company, Captain Gibb, R,E. ; Acting-Ad-
jutant, Lieutenant Stopford, R E.
Admission of, and information to. Exhibitors — Captain Gibb,
R.E., Lieutenant Tyler, R.E., and Lieut nant Gordon,
R.E.
Fire Arrangements — Captain Gibb, R.E,
Y.
L.D.
Class I.
IRA.
IL
III
IV
V
VI
iN.
VII
VIII
IX.
X.
XI.
XII.
XIIL
XIV.
SUPERINTENDENTS OF CLASSES ON BRITISH SIDE.
Professor Ansted, Mr. R. Hunt, and Dr. v\^atson.
Dr. Lyon Playfair, Mr. A. Phillips, and Lieu-
tenant Ward, R.E.
I Dr. Ltndley, Dr. Royle, and Mr. Match wic::.
Mr. Hensman and Mr. Biddle.
Mr. Hensman and Lieutenant Craster, E.I.C.E.
Mr. Hensman and Lieutenant Walker, R.E.
Captain Westmacott, R.E., andCommander E. A.
Inglefielp, R.N.
Mr. Branhreth Gibbs and Ensign Soady, E.I.C.E.
Lieut.-Colonel Lloyd and Lieutenant Trevor,
E.I.C.E.
>Mr. George Wallis and Mr. W. Hawkins.
>Mr. Wallis.
Class XV.
XVI.
XVII.
XVIII.
XIX.
XX.
XXI.
XXII.
XXIII.
XXIV.
XXV.
XXVI.
XXVII.
XXVIII.
XXIX.
XXX.
Mr. Wallis and Mr. Hawkins.
Mr. DoDD.
Mr. Owen Jones.
Sir. Wallis.
Mr. Lowe.
Mr. Wallis and Mr. W. Hawkins.
[Mr. R. A. Thompson.
Mr. Lowe.
[Lieutenant Pasley, R.E.
Mr. C. T. Thompson.
Professor Ansted.
Mr. C. T. Thompson.
Mr. Dodd.
Mr. Owen Jones.
44
DIKECTORY.
DEPARTMENTS SINCE THE OPENING OK THE EXHIBITION.
Acting Members of Exeoutivo Committee — Lieut,-CoIonel
Keid, K.E., Mr. Dilke, and Mr. Cole.
Juries — Proferaor Playfair, and Lieutenant Ward, R.E.,
Secretary.
Building— -Mr. DiOBr Wyatt. Clerk of Works — Mr. Haite.
Correspondence— iir. Ddnoomde. Segistrar'-iir, Wade.
Post Office— ^r. Osmond Jones.
Finance— Mr. Carpenter.
General Superintendent — Captain Owen, R.E., AMistants
Lieutenant Tyler, R.E., and Mr. Belsuaw.
District Superintendents — 1. Mr.CONNELL; 2. Mr. TuOMP-
SON ; 3. Mr. DoDD : 4. Mr. G. Perky ; 5. Mr. G. T.
Biodell; 6. Mr. B. W. Hawkins; 7. Lieutenant C.
Fasley, K.E. ; 8. Mr. G. H. Lowe ; 9. Mr. R. G. Wyldk ;
10. Mr. HAR3IAN. East Indies, Mr. Downing.
Ajhiiission to Exhibitors, oc. — Lieutenant Tyler, U.E,
iSfreshment Rooms — Captain InnETsoN.
Superintendent of Doorkeepers — Mr. Mukhay.
Customs — Mr. Rolls and Mr. Faikhan.
Police — Superintendent for the CommisaioiMr of Police— Mr.
Pearce.
Fire Arrangements — Captain Gibb, R.E.
Hoyal Sappers and Miners — 5th Company, Captain Owen,
R.E. 22nd Company, Capttkin Gibu, R.E. ; Acting-Adju-
tant, Lirutenant .Stoi'FOKD, R.E.
Catalogue— superintendent on part of the Commission — Lieut-
Colonel Lloyd. Contractor* — Meurg. Spioer and Clowes.
Scientijio Editor— iir. R. Ellis. Comoiter— Mr. G. W,
Yapp.
LIST OF JURORS.
Dr. Lyon Playfaib, F.R.S., Special Commissioner in Charge of the Department of Juries.
DEPUTIES.
For Group A. . .
For Grouii B. ,
For Group C. . .
For Group D. .
For Group E. and F.
Raw Materials, JOHN WILSON, F.R.S.E., late Principal of Royal Agricultural College,
tlachinery. Col. Lloyd, F.R.S., S])eoial Commissioner.
Textile Manufactures, Mr. Georqe Wallis.
Metallic and Fibious Manufactures, Captain Boscawen Ibbetson, F.R.S.
Miscellaneous Manufactures and Fine Arts, Sir Stafford Nortiiootk, Bart., Secretai-y
to the Royal Commission.
SECRETARY.
Lieutenant Ward, R.E., Secretary to the Department of Juries. Major Boyd, Interpreter.
COUNCIL OF CHAIRMEN.
Class
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
Va.
VI.
VII.
VIII.
IX.
X.
Xa.
Xb.
Xc.
A. — Raw Materials.
Sir Henry de la Beche, C.B., F.R.S.
A. Dumas, Member of Institute, &c.
Edward Lode, of St. Petersbuigh.
Professor Owen, F.R.S.
B. — Macuinery.
Rev. E. MOSELEY, M.A., F.R.S.
Earl Jersey.
Gen. PoNCELET, Member of tlie Institute.
I. K. Brunel, F.R.S.
Baron Charles Dupin, Member of Institute.
Phiup Pusey, M.P., F.R.S.
Sir David Brewster, F.R.S.
Sir H. Bishop.
E. B. Denison.
J. H. Green, F.R.S.
C— Textile Fabrics.
XI. Sir James Anderson.
XII. P'jfessor Herrman.
XII!. G.T.Kemp.
XIV. Count Vos Haruack, of Bohemia.
Clasi
XV.
XVI.
XVII.
XVIII.
XIX.
XX.
Hcrr Von Hot-OAERDEN, of Brussels.
Hon. Col. Anson.
M. M. Van de Weyer, Ambassador to the King
of the Belgians.
Henry Tucker,
Professor Bolley, of Switzerland. ,'
William Felkin, of Nottingham. i
D. — Metallic, Vitreous, and Ceramic Manufactures.
XXI. Lord WiiARycMFFE.
XXII. Hon. Horace Greeley, of New York.
XXIII. Due De Luynes, Member of the Institute.
XXIV. Lord De Mauley. ^
E. — Miscellaneous Manufactures. '
XXV. Dulte of Argyll.
XXVI. Professor Roesner, of V^icnna.
XXVII. Signer Benedetto Pistrucci.
XXVIII. Senor Don Joaquin Alfonso.
XXIX. Viscount Canning. ■;
F Fine Arts.
X.\.\. Hen- Von Viebahn, of Berlin.
LIST OP JURORS.
I. MlNTNO, QUARRVINO, MeTAI.LUROIC VL Ol'EHATIONS, AND MINERAL PRODUCTS.
45
sir H. De La Beciie, C.B., F.R.S. (Clmlrman).
M. DoFRENOY (Deputy Chnirman oiul Reporter)—
Franco,
M. Faraday, F.R.S.
JI. C. J. M. Gernaert— ^tflj/ium.
W. lOQAN, F.G.S.
M, F. SonRiEDER, Zolherein.
Richard Taylor, F.G.S,
Professor Tunmer, AwAria.
II. Chemical and PnAEMACECTicAL Processes and PRonncrs generally.
George Gossleth— ^twtna.
John Mekcer, F.C.S.
H. L. Pattinson, F.C.S.
M. Varrentrapp— ZoWoercm.
jAoon Dell, M.P.
M. Dumas (Chairman)— i^Vancs.
T. Graham, F.K.S. (Deputy Chnirman and Reporter)
M. D. Oaleani.
Ill, Substances used as Food.
Sir J. P. BoiLEAU, Bart., F.R.S, (Deputy Chairman).
Joseph D. Hooker, M.D., R.N., F.R.S. (Reporter).
Comte Herre dg Kergolay — Fratuse,
Dr. Lindley, F.R.S.
Mr. E. Lode C^hairman)— iJiMSju.
Hon. A. Smitli — United States.
IV. Vegetable and Animal Substances chiefly used in Manufactures, as lMrLEMENT.q,
or for Ornament.
Judge Duncan— Ph««d 5^' w.
Professor Richard Owen, .-.K.S. (Chairman).
M. Payen (Deputy Chairman) — France.
Dr. RoYLE, F.RS.
M. Ramon de la Sagra — Spain,
Professor SoLLY, F.R.S.
N. Wallich, M.D., F.R.S.
M. Weyhe — Zolherein.
V. Machines for direct use, including Carriages and Railway and Naval Mechanism.
Chevalier de Bvna—Aiistria.
M. L. Cappalletto — Austria,
Professor Enogrth — Austria.
W. Fairdairn.
John Farey.
John Hick.
H. Maudslay.
Robert McCarthy — United States.
Colonel MoRiN (Deputy Chairman) — France.
Rev. H. Moseley, M.A., F.U.S. (Chairman and Reporter).
Robert Napier.
C. DE Rossius-Orban — Belgium,
Vrt.
M. Arnoux— Franc*.
J. Holland (Deputy Chairman and Reporter)
T. Hutton.
Sub-Jury for Carriages,
Earl Jersey (Chairman).
McDaniel — United States,
PONCELET — Belgium,
O.
M.
VI, Manofaoturing Machines and Tools,
M. Alois de Cristoforis — Austria.
Professor CoRRlDl — Tmcany.
Benjaiiik Fothergill.
Charlies Gascoigne Maglka.
John Penn.
Guilherme Kopke.
General Poncelet (Chairman & Reporter) — France.
George Rennie, F.R.S. (Deputy).
T. R. Sewell.
S. Webber — United States.
Professor Wedding — Zolherein.
Professor R. Willis, F.R.S. (Deputy Chairman and Reporter).
b'ACrURCS,
VII. Civil Engineering, Architectural and Building Contrivances.
Dr. Neil Arnott, F.R.S. i J. M. Rendel, F.RS.
I. K. Brunel, F.R.S. ^Chairman and Reporter).
M. Combes (Deputy Chairman) — Fi-ance.
M. Conrad — Holland.
Count Rosen — Sweden and Norway.
Dr. J. V. C. Sunn— United States.
William Tite, F.R.S.
VIII. Naval Architecture and Military Engineering ; Ordnance, Armour, and Accoutrements.
Major-Gen. Sir J. Burooyne, K.C.B. (Dep. Chair.)
Lieut.-Col. COLQUHOUN.
Baron Dupin (Chairman and Reporter) — France.
M. Ch, Lesoinne — Belgium.
Major MiCHEELS — France.
Sir Baldwin Walker, K.C.B.
A. Whitney — United States.
— Watts.
IX. Agricultural and Horticultural Machines and Implements.
Col. ClIALLONER.
B. T. Buandreth Gibds.
A. Hammond.
M. B. Holweg — Zolherein.
B. P. Johnson— United States.
Josh. Locke, M.P., F.R.S.
C. M. Lampson — United States.
Professor Hlubeck — Atistria.
W. Miles, M.P.
M. Moll — France,
Baron Mertens d'Ostins — lielgium.
P. PusEY, M.P., F.K.S. (Clmirmim and Reporte'-).
Professor Rau — Zolherein.
J. V. Shelley.
H. S. Thompson.
46
LIST OF JURORS.
X. PlIII/MOPBIOAL InBTRDXENTS AND PltOORSHEa DEPKNDINO UPON THEIR DFE ; MUSIOAL, HOROLOOICAI^
AND SunaiOAL iNSTaUMENTS.
Sir D. BaBWSTER, F.R.S. (ChKirmon and Reporter).
ProfesRor CoiXJMOH—Suritzerland,
E. B. DENiaoN.
J. Qlaisher, F.R.S.
Sir John Herscuel, Bart, F.R.S.
Professor Unraoa— Denmark.
E. R. Leslie, R.A.— United Statea.
M, Mathieu — thince,
W. H. Miller, F.R.S.
Richard Potter, A.M.
Profeasor Dr. Sciiuuartii.
Baron Seoueir— /'ninc-0.
Sub-Jury A, for Miukal ItutnmiMii.
W. Sterndale Bennet.
M, Berlioz.— /Varuw.
Sir H. R. Buiiop (Cliaiixaan and Reporter).
Dr. J. Robert Black— United Staiei.
Chevalier Neukomm.
Cipriani Potter,
Dr. ScHAFHAUTL — Zollverein.
Sir O. Smart.
M. SioiauuND TuALDEBO (Deputy Chainnaii)—iliw<r<(i.
Dr. W»LDE.
B. Sub-Committee and Agaociaic Jurors for Horology.
Professor CovLKOOTX— Switzerland.
E. B. Denison (Cliainnan and Reporter).
E. J. Lawrence.
Boron Sequier (Deputy Chali "^oi>) — France,
Sub-Jttry C. for Surgical Instrumentt,
Dr. Chaddourne — United States.
3. H. Green, F.R,S. (Chairman and Reporter),
James Puilp.
Dr. Roux — Fyance,
Dr. Lallbmand — France,
W. Lawrence, F.ii,S.
XL Cotton
iw (Chair).
Sir J. Anderson, Lord Provost of
Thomas Ashton (Reporter).
M. C. Buschek — Austria,
Col. R. E, CoxB — United States,
M, Puiup Ellisen (Deputy Chairman) — Zollverein.
W. Gray, Mayor of Bolton.
Geoiioe Jackson.
M, KincHiiOFKER — Switzerland.
M. Mimekel — France.
J. Aspinal Turner.
Xn. Woollen and Worsted.
Samuel Addington (Reporter).
Henry Brett.
M. C. C. Carl — Zollverein,
.TOHN Cooper, J.P.
Henry Forbes, J. P. (Deputy Chairman).
Dr. VoN Hermann (Cliairman) — Zollverein.
George Lawton,
Thomas Marling,
M. Randoning — France.
M. Samoiloff — Russia.
M, P. SciiiiLLEB— jliMtria.
M. Arm. Simonis — lielgium.
XIIL Silk and Velvet,
Samuel Courtauld.
Lt.-Col. Daniells — Turkey.
M. Arles Dufour (Deputy Chairman)— i'ranct;.
" ilOMAS JeFFOOAT.
uEOBGE Tawke Kemf (Chairman),
M, tlAHLiJR — Zurich.
M, Antonio Radice— ^liutna.
M, J, Vertu — Sardinia.
Charles Warwick.
Thomas Winkworth (Reporter).
XIV, Manufactures from Flax and Hemp.
WiLUAM Charley (Joint Reporter).
Count Van Harrack (Chairman)— Austria.
M, Qrenier Lefevee (Joint Reporter) — Belgium.
M. Leoentil— JVafic«,
John McMaster.
John Mom.
M, Carl Nodack — N. Germany.
M. SoHERER — Bussia.
Charles Tee (Deputy Chairman),
John Willkinbon, J.P,
XV. Mixed Fabrics, including Shawls, but exclusive of Worsted Goods (Class XII),
W, Clabburn,
M, Gaussen, France.
Herr Van Hoeoaerden (Chairman)— iJeij/ium.
N. Kingsbury— United States.
John R. Lavanchy (Deputy Chairman).
John Morgan.
William Piunsep (Reporter).
Titus Salt, J.P.
Frederick Schwann — United States.
John H. Swift— United States.
Sir Gardiner Wilkinson— i'ur^tfu.
LIST OF JURORS.
47
XVI. LKATIIER, INOtUDINO SADDLBItr AMD HaHNESS, SKINS, FpBS, FEATIIER*, AND HaIR.
Hon. Col. ORORnB Akson (CImlrman).
J. B. DeVINGTON.
J. S. CuNNiNaiiAM — United Statn.
M. Fauler— /'/■oflCtf.
John Foster.
J. W. Newman.
J. A. NioiiOLAV (Reporter).
M. NoTTiiECK (Deputy CImlnniiii)— 7?uum.
M. KoKSSLKR — Zullverein,
Edward Zx>inua— Turkey.
XVIF. Paper and Stationert, Printing and BooKniNDiNO.
M. A. FmiiiM DiDOT — France.
Thomas De la Rue (Deputy Chairmnn).
Viscount Maiion, F.K.S.
Dr. SETrrARTii, LL.V.—Zolherein.
H. Stevens— United Stulei.
C. Vesaiiles,
C. WiiiTTiNUiiAH (Ropo.-*.—),
M. Van der Weyeb (Chai. iian) —Belgium.
XVIII. Woven, Spun, Felted, and Laid Fabrics, when shown as specimens r>i. Printino or Dyeino.
J. M. ^EEBE^ United States.
M. Chevreul — Ihmct,
John Haroreaves.
Alexander Harvey.
Edmund Potter (Reporter).
M. Paiiud — Switzerland.
M. Persoz (Deputy Chairman)— JVanc«.
C. SWAIBLAND.
W. SoHWARZ — Austria,
Henry Tucker (Chainnaa).
XIX. Tapestry, including Carpets and Floor-cloths, Lace and Embroidery, Fancy and Industrial Works.
Dr. BoLLEY (Chairman)— Switzerland.
D. BiDDLE.
Richard Birkin (Reporter).
M. Falk — Zollverein.
M. Fessleb — Switzerland.
Peter Graham (Deputy Chairman).
M. Laimel — France.
Robert Lindsay,
Thomas Simcox Lea, J.P.
M. Washer— ^rff/ium.
XX. Articles of Clothing for immediate, personal, or domestic use.
T. Brown.
M. Bernoville — France,
T. Christy (Reporter).
Elliott Cresson — United States.
William Felkin, Mayor of Nottingham (Chairman).
M. HuLSSE— iro//t)«rein.
E. Smith.
M. Phillip Waltner (Deputy Chairman)— fi'icrtier/anc/.
XXI. Cutlery and Edge Tools.
Joseph B. Durham (Deputy Chairman).
M. C. Karmarsch — Zollverein.
M. Nubab Bey — Turkey.
Mr. Alderman Peace.
M. Le Play — France.
Lord Wharnoliffe (Chairman and Reporter).
XXII. Iron and General Hardware.
Arthup Adams.
M. AuER — Austria.
W. Bird (Deputy Chairman).
W. Dyce, R.A. (Reporter).
M. OOLDENBERG— />anC0.
Hon. H. Greeley (Chairman) — United States,
Don Manuel Heredia — Spain,
E. Stirling Howard.
George Shaw.
M. Ferd. Spitaels — Belgium,
Dr. F. Steinbeis — Zollverein,
Henry Van Wart.
XXIII. Working in Precious Metals, and in their imitation. Jewellery, and all articles op Virtu
AND Luxury, not included in the other Classes.
Don Manuel Garcia — Spain,
James Garrard.
John Gray.
M. Gruner — Zollverein,
Henry Hope, M.P. (Deputy Chairman).
Sallandrouze de Lamornaix — FVance,
Earl of Lovelace — Turkey,
Due DE Luynes (Chairmnn and Reporter)^/'ra»ctf.
Westley Richards.
Robert Younge,
XXIV. Glass.
E. H. Baldock, M.P. (Deputy Chairman).
R. L. Chance.
L. C. Duncan — United States,
M. Jules Prison — Belgium,
Lord De Mauley, F.R.S. (Chairman and Repoi-ter).
Roiiert Obbabd.
M. I'iJLlGOT — France,
Dr. SoHVEhEK— Zollverein,
48
1,I8T OF JURORS.
XXV. Ceramic MANurAcrunK, China, Poncr.i.Aiy, Eartiienwarr, ka.
Duke of Arotli. (Clmirmnn sml Reporter).
M. Edelmkn — l\-fmne.
M. Oabriel Kamrnhky— AmmiVi.
W. MOBTUKJK.
M. F. Odernheimer— ZD^/Mrcm.
C11AR1.K8 BARimi Wall, Eh.]., M. P., F.B.S. (Deputy Chulp-
mmi).
John A. WrsK.
Aiior»TO riMfto—Portiigiil.
XXVI. Decoration Furniture and UnnoLSTERV, including Paper Hanoinqs, Papier MACiif:,
AND Japanned Qoods.
Lord AgnD>.itroN (Deputy ChAirman).
John Lewis Auiiert.
N. Charles de Ueyne — AiiMtii.
M. CoppENS — Belgium.
J. O. Crace.
M, Charles Cnocco— <?ir<finiVi.
John Jackson.
M. W. Mever— AVM Oermtmy.
M. RoNDOT — fVance.
Professor Roesner (Chairmitn and Reporter)— /llM^•lll.
Edward Sneix.
John Weuii.
XXVIL Manttfactures in Mineral Sudstancks, used for Buildino or Decoration, as in Mariilr,
Slate, Porpiivrieb, Cemknts, Aiitificial Stones, &c.
Professor Ansted, F.R.S. (Reporter).
M. Bernardo deBernaruis — Austria.
Qeoroe Godwin, F.R..S.
Sir CUAS. Lehon, Dart., F.R.S., M.P.
M. Benedetto Pistrucci (Chnirmnti) — nal;/.
M. Emmanuel Psvcha— Ocew*.
Lord SuDELEY (Deputy Clmirman),
Viscount Hericart de Thurv — fYance,
XXVIII. Manufaotiti. ;8 from Animal and VEOETAr.;.r. Substances, not iieiso Woven or Felted,
OR INCLUDED IN OTHER SECTIONS.
Rev, GoRiiAM D. Abbot — ITnited States,
Don Joaquin Alfonso (Cliaiminn) — Spain.
M. BAI.ARD — H-ance,
J. E. Gray, F.R.S., P.B.S. (Deputy Chairmnn).
Dr. E. Lankester, F.R.S. (Reporter).
T. J. Miller.
G. Peterson — Kuxsin,
T. A. Wise, M.D., Hon. E.I.C.S.
XXIX. Miscellaneous Manufactures and Small Wares.
Viscount Canning (Phairman).
Arthur Henfrey, K.L.S.
Profess. ■ Hoffman — i^^llverein.
Warren De la Rue, F.R.S., F.C.S. (Reporter).
John .Ioseph Meciii.
M. Otto Schumann— jlwind.
Mr. W. K. Smith— United States.
M. WoLOWSKi (Deputy Clialrman) — FVanai.
XXX. Sculpture, Models, and Plastic Art.
C. R. COCKERELL, R.A.
Lord CoLDORNE (Deputy Chairman).
J. Gibson, R.A.
Lord Holland — Tuscany,
Count DE Laborde — France.
C. Newton.
A. Panizzi (Reporter) — Tuscany.
A. W. PuoiN.
M. Quetelet— 2?(;/;y'ii(m.
Richard Kkdorave, R.A.
M. SEUHMoriDT — Holland.
M. G. Von ViEBAHN (Oliaimian)-
Dr. C. WAAfiEN — Zollvercin.
W. Wyon, U.A.
■Zoltrcrein.
[ 40 I
T II E
CONSTRUCTION OF THE BUILDING.
Had circumstances determined that the present industrial position ol' Enj^land
should have been represented by the building alone, while other nations should
have been allowed to indicate the scope of their resources by a display of choice
specimens of all the varied branches of productions to which their efforts had of
late years been directed, it is singular to remark how few elements, essential to
her commercial success, would have been lost sight of. The courage of her
citizens would have been maniJcsted in the vastness of the scheme, their energy,
determination, and strength, in the surprising rapidity with which every operation
had been carried on.
The happy condition of the liberty of the subject would have been attested
by the circumstance of its having been in the power of the people alone to will
the existence of so vast a structure ; while the fact that the whole expenses had
been provided for without in any way trenching on the national resources,
would have evidenced at once the wealth and the spirit of enterprise common to
every class of society.
That it should have been possible in any country to have so speeJily collected
such a vast quantity of materials, without previously soimding the note c.*' prepara-
tion, would have furnished strong evidence of the abundance of its native resources,
and conveyed some faint idea of the extent of the stores of raw material kept
ever ready to supply the exigencies of sudden demand. That that raw material
should have been moulded into forms so various, so complex, and so original, in
so short a time, would argue that such a result could alone have been effected
by the natives of a country in wliich a knowledge of the principles and practice
of mechanics and machinery had been long deeply studied and widely diffused.
The facility with which the machinery employed mast have been brought to
bear upon the masses of raw material supplied, would liavc evidenced a power to
produce, and to elaborate matter into manufacture, of the very highest order ;
while the grace with which the charm of decoration has been superadded, to so
utilitarian a structure, would have served to show, that mindful as the English
habituallj are, of the practical and economical, they are by no means indifferent
to the beauti. . ' in the Fine Arts.
Whoever had been enabled to trace through every stage the progress of tl\o
Exhibition Building, from the first order given by the contractor, to the issue of
the final directions for its opening, would have had an opportunity of realising the
ixrfection to which the practice of coimecting commercial co-operation in supply,
e
Tlio prewnt
IniliLYtHAl \mn\-
tinn 111 Kngliiiiil
inilii-Htetl liy Ihu
laiihlliiH;, RM well
iw tlio liwlliiK
I'iMnictcriatici of
her citizenii
both prnoiiul
uiul HUciul
Kvidence |(iven by
tlio buililinK of
extt'nt of nationiil
renoun'i'K in the
Iirmluotion of
law Maturiiil,
MacliiDcrv,
Manufacturps,
ami objuisof
Fine Arts.
Orpiniiiition of
labour, and co-
operation in Bup-
ply, dcveloi>eJ hy
60
CONSTRUCTION OF THE BUILDINi».
and mutual rcliuncc in money and time barguins, with tho methodical organ i/Jit ion
of labour, has been carriod in England at tho present iini> It is by u'/juns of
Vmi!"'''"**''''' ^'''^ experience aopiired in the oonduot of the vast engiw ■'•if^ ivoik- which have
of lute years occupied tiie attention, and coinniandeil tlu I ^ i»r» rf wmo of her
most intelligent eitixeuH, tiiat tliis country has been enubUv to rediu'e to a (ter-
fcct system this ]M)wer of subordinating the supply of materials, and oj' eliciting,
in similar works, that precise description of labour from every individual, ll»r
wliich his natural datraetcristics or education may have s|M>cially qualified him.
The firm through whose exertions tho l)uilding has been erecte<l, in itself
ComblnMlon •ml
ritvlviuii uf lAt our
jioeuty presents an excellent m<Hlel of the commercial constitution necessary to pr<Klueo
out lucn worki, * »f A
such great works with rapidity. While of its heads, one is remarkable for high
scientific attainments, another possesses singular commercial aptitude, together
with u minute knowledge of the working details of his business. Others again,
bring to the common stock of intelligeiico a precise knowledge of legal and
monetary traniaetions, together with experience acipiired in many years' con-
nection with speculations of great magnitude. The principal superintendents
and foremen set in ojxiratlon by this intellectual motive power, arc each adapted
to the particular duties they may be called upon to perform, and act precisely as
' the various portions of a well-devised machine, being at the same time maintained
in ns perfect control. Through these agents the labour of the artisan, skilled in
his own department, profoundly ignorant in others, is brought into useful opera-
tion ; and thus thousands arc combined to realise the will of one directing mind.
But for the perfect system of disci})line, which frequent practice in directing the
labours of masses of workmen has now made general throughout England, it
would have been impossible to have flishioncd, in so short a time, so novel and
so vast a structure us this Temple of Peace, the gates of which may, we trust,
be thrown open to the world at large, for many yours to come.
i)i»uionofth» How fur the Exhibition Building conveys a true idea of English constructive
iiihiect Into— , , • i i • ■ • /• v -i
L'^iTie bhiidir^ powcr, catt Only be asccrtamed by a mmutc examination of its anatomy ; and wo
II. lu creation, shall theroforc proceed to sketch in some detail its actual nature and appearance,
and the successive steps by which it has grown into its present condition.
The site for the building is the one originally proposed lor it by H.R.H. Prince
Albert at the first private meeting, held on tho subject of the Exhibition, at
Buckingham Palace, on the 30th June, 1849. It consists of a rectangular strip
n^ita Id Hyde of ground in Hyde Park, situated between the Queen's Drive and Rotten Row,
and contains about 26 acres ; being approximately 2,300 feet in length, by 500
feet in breadth. Its principal frontage extends from east to west. Several lofty
elms stretch across the centre of its length, and a few smaller trees are scattered
over its area. These trees have for the most part been retained, and to the
finest of them we are indebted for the existence of the beautiful transept roof;
since, had they not presented difficulties to the construction of a roof of lower
pitch, it is more than probable that tho noble vault which now spans them
would have been scarcely ventured on. The ground, although apparently level,
actually falls, not less than 1 in 250 from west to oast. From the popularity of
the spot, tho ease with which it can be approached, the opportunities for ob-
taining beautiful views of the building from every direction, and the facility
with which it has been drained, and supplied with gas and water, it is scarcely
possible that a site could have been found more admirably adapted for such a
purpose, than the one upon which the building now stands.
CONSTRUtTION OF THK BUH-DINO.
51
The princi|)al entrance to the Kxliihition is situated in (' f' fcntre of the south n» HutHy:-
side, op|)<«itc to the I'rinct! of VVules's Gate, one of the nmin ontrnncos to Hyde »iitnnc» i
Park. From tliin j^ito u good view of the soutiicrn fii(;iule of tlic trunsrpt (sliown
in fig. No. 1) is obtiiini'd. Pas»ing through n vcstibulo, 72 feet by 48, the
KiK. 1.
visitor finds admittance to the main building, and stands beneath tlio rool of the
great feature of the whole, the transept. Above his head, at a height of 08 feet
from tlie ground, springs a semi-cylindrical vault, 72 feet in diameter, which
extends for a length of 408 feet from south to north. On each side of the space JJj*^',^")'!'
so covcrol, runs on aisle 24 feet wide. The '* coup d'oeil" afTordcd by the
transept is represented in Plate I.
Picj. 2.
d'all'
dl^
JirMi^iftf
tiftnUI*. 4Uft. Mt«nu«. It4lt hU1«
Ij^ gfifg^igBfififiA^^jgj^^l
ran, nuti).
ti ri. ai,le. Wit ATirnue i*(l. nltla.
Advancing about halfway along the transept, the vifitor will find himself as
nearly ns possible in the centre of the building; and from this point his eye may lu emtni point
range eastward and westward along its vast nave, for a distance of upwards of
900 feet in each direction ; the total length of the building being not less tlinn
1848 feet. By reference to the ground plan given at page 1, and to fig. 2, a
clearer idea may be formed of the manner in which the vast area, that thus opens
itself to the view, has been distributed, than could be conveyed by many pages of
description. The nave is a grand avenue 64 feet high and 72 feet wide, crossing lu extent,
the transept at right angles. On each side of it extend aisles 24 feet in width,
and above them, at a height of 24 feet from the giound, are carried galleries,
surrounding the whole of the nave and the transept ; so that a complete circuit
of communication is carried throughout the whole structure at that level.
Beyond these first aisles, and parallel with them, at a distance of 48 ftet, are »nd diviiiom .
second aisles of similar width, and similarly covered for their whole width witli
galleries on the same level as those over the first aisles. In order that the
B 2
plun.
CONSTRUCTION OF THE BUILDINO.
(
Its liKlitness of
proportion,
no evidence of
instability.
Geneml nature of
materiala.
(jimntitiea of
vrouglit iron ;
Cast iron)
Glass ;
Wood.
The plan divided
into squares of
'^4 feet.
Necessity of
realiiiiiK the de-
tail of one S-l-feet
bay, in order
thereby to judge
of tlie whole area.
The description
oraV4-reet bay
commenced.
The foundutiuns.
public may pass freely from one line of gallcrio? to the other, bridges, at frequent
intervals, span the 48 feet avenues, and at the same time divide them into courts,
each of which has been so arranged as to present an " ensemble" to the eye of
the spectator looking down upon it from the galleries. The width of 48 feet
which we have described as thus subdivided, and the second aisles, are roofed
over at a height of 44 feet from the ground. The remaining portion of the
building in width consists of one story only, 24 feet high ; in which, of course,
there are no galleries. Ten double staircases, 8 feet wide, give access to these
galleries.
The airy lightness of the whole structure, and its immcn.se dimensions, are the
features which will no doubt first excite tho wonder, and perhaps the timidity of
the visitor ; but when he learns how rigidly the strength of every portion has
been investigated, vnth what care the connection of every part has been made, and
that the whole of that which appears to him so complicated, is but the repetition
of a few simple elements, he will throw aside alarm, and rest upon the con-
sciousness that those most competent to investigate questions of force to overturn,
and strength to resist, have spared no pains to assure themselves of the perfection
of the parts, and the consequent l ability of the whole.
The lightness of the proportions will at once assure the spectator of the nature
of the material which forms the main supports of the building. While the vertical
supports consist entirely of cast-iron, the horizontal connections and girders are
constructed of both wrought and cast iron. Of wrought-iron it has been esti-
mated that no less tlian 550 ton.s have been used, and of cast-irun 3,500 tons.
The whole of the roof, above the highest tier of iron frame- vork, consists of wood
and glass, and the external enclosures and face-work are constructed almost entirely
of the same materials. It is estimated that 896,000 superiicial fcc-L of glass,
weighing 400 tons, have been employed ; whilst the quantity of wood used, in-
cluding the whole of the flooring, has been no less than 600,000 cubic feet.
In designing the building, care has been taken so to arrange that the
position of every column shall occur at the points of intersection of lines, 24 feet
apart, crossing one another at right angles, while in roofing and flooring the
squares, into which the whole plan has been thus allotted, have been subdivided
into others of 8 feet. This arrangement accounts for the beautiful regularity of
the lines of the columns, &c., when viewed diagonally.
In order to afford some idea of the extent of mechanical difficulties involved
in the erection of such a building, and to furnish, as it were, a scale by wliich to
estimate the nature of the work, we shall proceed, before entering upon the
subject of its general extent and arrangement, to describe the mode of construc-
tion of one of the 24-feet bays or compartments, taken at random from the side
aisle adjoining the m&in avenue.
The exact situation of the four colmnns enclosing the space referred to having
first been r'.otermined, holes were dug to such a depth as to lay bare the gravel ;
which " icnds, with scarcely a fault, over the whole surface of the site, at an
average drpth of between 2 and 4 feet. The size of the holes dug out for the
foundations, and the quantity of concrete thrown into those holes in order to form
a secure foundation for the superstructure, was determined by the estimated
weight of that superstructure ; and it was so arranged that, allowing for every
possible contingency, under no circuristances should a pressure greater than
2^ tons per foot superficial be broiight \o bear upon the foundation.
CONSTRUCTION OF THE BUILDING.
53
CO t. t' M N.
riiose serving to
»ronvey away r*Hif
mUer;
On the surface of fine mortar, with which the concrete was covered, was placed The^UM pint*.
a casting, which has been technically called a base-plate. This casting is repre-
sented in fig. 3. The lower part consists of Fig. 3. '
a horizontal plate, having attached to it a
vertical tube, corresponding in form with the
column which it serves to carry. The con-
nection of the plate with this tube is strength-
ened by shoulders. The length of the whole
of the base-plates being set north and south,
in those through which roof-water is con-
ducted, two sockets, issuing from the lower
part of the tube, extend for some distance on
each side in an opposite, or eastern and west-
ern direction. Into these sockets cast-iron
pipes 6 inches in diameter are Inserted,
serving as drains to convey away the water ;
which, passing through the columns above,
and through the hollow tubes of the base-
plates, escapes into the pipes referrjd
to, and finds its way to capacious drains
situated in tlio centre, and at the extreme
east-end of the building, wliich, in their
turn, convey the water to the main sewor
in the Kensington- road. At the upper por-
tion of the tube of the base-plate, four pro-
jections with holes in them, are cast. At
the foot of the column, which is of similar
form to the base-plate, are similar projec-
tions, with corresponding holes. The upper face of the tube, and the under
face of the column, being planed perfectly flat and true, the holes cast in the
projections of the one exactly fit those cast to correspond with them in the
otlicr. Bolts liaving been then dropped through the holes in both are secured by
nuts; and thus the column is attached to the base-plate, almost as rigidly as if
tlic two had issued from one mould. As a proof of the singular accuracy with
which the whole of these base-plates have been set upon their foundations, it
may be mentioned that in every instance, the holes in the upper face or bearing
surface of the base-plate, have precisely corresponded with those cast in the
under face of the columns, at the exact height at which it had been pre-arranged
that they should be fixed; and +he two (columns and base-plates) have been
united without involving the necessity of inserting any packing between them.
Pieces of canvas only, cut to the exact form of the bearing surfaces, and
dipped in white lead, have been interposed, with a view to insure the joints
remaining perfectly secure and water-tight. The tops of the base-plates rise
3f inches above the ground-floor.
The columns arc 8 inches in diameter, and those on the ground-floor are 18 feet Tiiocoiumiu
5 i inches high. The plan or horizontal section of these colunms, wliich was the
suggestion of Mr. Bakuy, is well adapted ibr its purpose, mccliauically as well as
artistically; for while it presents a pleasing variation I'roni the ordinary circular
Ibrju, the dilFeront flat bunds upon it uflurd surfaces well suited tor the con-
Iloiv connectpil
with c'olumriii.
Uase I'lute.
54
CONSTRUCTION OF THE BUILDING.
|i
ncction and attuchinent of the necessary girders, which serve at once to support
the galleries and roof, and to tie the various compartments of the building into
one viist network. The columns are made hollow, in order to convey the
water from the roof of the building; and the thickness of the metal of which they
are composed varies, according to the weight each column is intended to support,
from I of an inch to li inch. The square faces already mentioned add, however,
considerably to the sectional area of the metal, upon the amount of which the
strength of the column in a great measure depends.
Their rtwngth ; The extraordinary strength to resist compression in the direction of its length,
which the cylindrical form conveys to any material, wr.s illustrated by Professor
CowPEB, in a lecture delivered by him in the building to the members of the
Society of Arts. In a series of experiments with a common quill, and even with
a straw, Professor Cowpek demonstrated the great force required to crush such
slight objects, and, arguing from their comparative scale, illustrated satisliictorily
the great strength of the colunms in the building.
Beneath the capital, which surrounds the upper part of the column, are con-
cealed projections similar to those at the bottom of the column. These projections
serve to attach to the columns what have been technically designated as con-
necting-pieces. The peculiar office of the connecting-pieces is to afford, by a
small and consequently easily modified casting, the means of securely retaining,
and connecting in all directions, the various girders throughout the building.
In fig. 4, we have endeavoured to exhibit the peculiar formation of those
portions of the connecting-pieces, which serve to effect the end desired. The
projections, or, as they are technically termed, " snugs," are cast upon the upper
and lower portions of the connecting-pieces, and act partly as brackets and partly
as hooks, clutching over, supporting, and retaining, projections cast upon the ends
•nieaitaohmentto of the Standards of the girders. In order to retain the girders in a vertical
position, and to prevent any lateral movement, the bottom face of that portion of
the girder which vests upon the corresponding projection of the connecting-piece,
is formed with what is called a tenon, which drops into a :• ortice-hole (A, fig. 4),
cast in the face of the projection of the connccting-plecc with which it comes in
contact. The top face of the portion of the girder, over which the hook cast upon
Fiir. 4..
Their attacliment
to ronnfcting-
pierea.
T\\e connecting
piecoi;
tliem ol' girders
CONSTRUCTION OF THE BUILDING.
55
the upper portion of the connecting-piece extends, has a groove sunk upon its
surface ; a groove corresponding to it in width is also sunk upon the projection
of the connecting-piece (C, fig. 4), and a small piece of iion is introduced between
the two. This iron acts as a key or dowel, and prevents the two surfaces sliding
upon one another.
On the upper and lower part of the connecting-piece, between these projections (thereby con-
which serve to retain the girders in their places, are cast holes, corresponding with "oiumni;
those at the top of the lower columns, and at the bottom of the upper columns ;
tlrrough which bolts being inserted, nuts (BB, lig. 4), fastened to those bolts,
secure the columns and connecting-pieces togctliui'. A similar arrangement
would enable any number of columns and connecting-pieces to be attached to one
another, so as to make up one long length.
In order to make sure that the shaft thus composed of alternate columns and serving to »tinen
connecting-pieces, should be capable of maintaining itself in a perfectly vertical oraUemate'"'"^
position, it was necessary that the whole of the surfaces of contact should be n«!ti^g-p!«e».°"
wrought perfectly true and flat. Every column and every connecting piece had,
therefore, to be placed in a lathe ; and the bed or surface at each end faced to a
perfectly true plane. When the number of these columns, base-plates, and connect- ah t,earini feces
ing pieces is taken into consideration, it may be easily imagined that the labour ^ """
entailed by this apparently simple necessity coul<' scarcely have been performed
in any workshops but those provided with extraordinary facilities and resources.
In the connecting pieces of the 24-fcet bay we are now d«'dcribing, projections
are cast upon three sides, so that girders may be attached in three directions ;
and thus extend in every direction except tliat towards the nave, and the 48-fcet
avenue or court on the other side.
The girders, which arc attached, as above described, to the connecting pieces, -riie ginii^rs sup-
serve to support the gallery floor. As, in the construction of tliis floor, it had Soor'"* ^^^'"'^
been determined to bring the accumulation of pressure on the girders, upon
points at 8 feet intervals, it became necessary, in arranging the form of the
girders, to concentrate strength at those points. The vertical lines of the girder
have, therefore, been arranged to occur at intervals of 8 feet, connecting the top
and bottom tables ; on the good proportici of which, to the load + > be supported,
and to one another, the main strength of tie whole depends. Diagonal lines connect
the junction of these standards with the ; ]i .md bottom tables, and the principal
parts of the girder present the (ovui showj in F'r^. j.
The girders are 3 feet deep, and the s ^.tior'al area of the top table, (A, fig. 5,) Tiieuaetaiis;
which is of the T form, equals 5"31 iivJics, and that of the bottom, (B, fig. 5,)
which is of a similar shape, but h.vertou, equaib 7-64 inches. The areas of
F'A- 5.
56
CONSTRUCTION OF THE BUILDING.
Tliuir aufllclency
to support a
" Heail weight,''
nnd * moving
load.
I low tried : —
Hy workmen ;
Hy soldiers
marching
Hy rotlinf; roitnd-
■.hot *' in situ ;''
Who miiile l»v.
the diagonal struts or standards, and tics, average 3"50 inches. The breaking-
weight of the girdcid is calculated, and has been proved by various experiments,
to amount to not less than 30 tons. Every one of the gallery-girders which has
been used has been proved upon the groimd to a strain of 15 tons; and, in
exceptional cases, where it has appeared isasonable to expect that an accimiulation
of weight would have to be borne, their dimensions of thickness have been in-
creased, and the amount of proo*" has amounted to no less than 22J tons.
A few simple figures will clearly exhibit the sufficiency of these girders to
support the loads that are likely to be brought upon them. A bay of gallery-
floor, measuring 24 feet by 24 feet, contains 576 square leet ; and il has been
found by experiment, that it is impossible to load any surface v/ith men to an
amount equal to one hundred-weight per loot superficial. Assuming, then,
576 cwts., or say 30 tons, to be by any possibility accumulated upon such a bay
of gallery-floor, the load will be dL«itributed over four girders, any two of which
have been found to be fully competent to support the load.
In thus estimating the sufficiency of the girders, the load they might possibly
be called on to support has been considered only as what is called "dead
weight," or load to which no raomentum of any kind had been imparted. In
order, then, to test them under the action of a moving weight as well, a series of
experiments was instituted. A perfect bay of gallery, 24 feet square, was con-
structed, with connecting pieces, girders, flooring, &c., complete. Its surface
was first crowded with the contractors' workmen, as tight as they could be packed.
The men were then set to walk over it, run over it, and, finally, to jump upon it
with all their force.
In order further to observe the effects which would be produced by a load to
which a uniform, instead of an in-egular motion, had been conveyed, a number of
soldiers of the corps of Royal Sappers and Miners were ordered to march over it,
to run over it, and, finally, to m.vk time upon it in the most trying manner.
The result of these experiments developed the correctness of the theory upon
which the dimensions of the girders had been based, since not the slightest
damage was done to the bay of gallery ; and the fact was fully evidenced, that
the quality of elasticity or springiness in the floor serve«l to protect the girders
from the effect of sudden sliocks, and prevented the danger of the communication
to them of the accumulating momentum, generated by the possible isochronous
movements of a crowd.
Emboldened by the satisfactory result of these experiments, a yet more con-
clusive series was instituted. An apparatus was contrived by Mr. Fiet r>, the
late President of the Institution of Civil Engineers, by means of which it was
possible to di-aw, at a quick walking pace, over the whole of the galleries on
which the pubfic would have to tread, a number of 68-pounder shot, collected
together so as to produce a unifomn load of 100 lbs. per foot superficial. No
damage whatever was produced by these rude tests, and they may be considered
to have conclusively set at rest any doubts as to the sufficiency, in point of
strength, of the gallcry-flor>- , or of the girders which support it.
The whole of these girders are of cast-iron, and, together with the columns
and similar castings, have been made in Staffbrdsiiire, at the foundries of the con-
tractors, at the Loudon Works, Smethwick, near Binningliam ; at those of Messrs.
A. and li. CociIUANE, of tl>.o VVoodaide Iron Works, Dudley ; and at those of
Messrs. Joiiso^'ti, of Holly Hull, near the same town.
^o.
VitW OF 1I1K INIhKIOR Ol 1H£ lU ILlUm iHOM illh SOLlll LKl
KAKCK.
\_Plale f., ji. o7
CONSTRUCTION OF THE BUILDING.
57
■Ai'rei^,. v^..
iriate I., p. 57.
The floor, which is supported by these eirders, consists of cross-beams, so The gmiiery door
^ -I'l. i. .1 ,. ,, ,, -li wilting on the
under-trussed with iron rods, shoes, and struts, as to distribute the whole weight ginian.
that may bo brought upon the floor pretty equally upon the eight points at
which the ends of the beams rest upon the girders. Joists, strctcliing I'rom the
iron girders to the Ixjams, and from one of the beams to the other, form the
supports for a floor which is not more than IJ inch thick, but is at once amply
strengthened, and rendered impervious to the passage of dust, by the insertion, in
a groove cut in the edge of each floor-board, of iron-hooping, forming a tongue.
A railbg, designed by Mr. Owen Jones, surmoimted by a mahogany handrail,
adds at once to the utility and the beauty of the gallery.
The columns which rise at the gallery level are 16 feet 7 finches long, and Tiie column. i.o
are surmounted by connecting pieces, similar in all respects to those occurring ^^t. ^"^*
beneath. To these connecting pieces are attached, transversely in one direction
and longiiUflinally in two, cast-iron girders of similar form and scantling
to thorio wc have described; their oflice being to maintain perfectly true and
rigid, the vertical shaits which carry the eye upward in one unbroken line from
the ground to the roof which they serve to support.
As the strength of an iron column practically depends upon its length being arengthenoii i.y
limited, far more than upon its substance, the value of dividing the whole length
of the shafts reacliing from the gallery to the roof into two parts by these
connecting-pieces, and thus reducing the length of the columns one-half, must be Fint tkr.
readily appreciated.
Above the second tier of girders rise columns of the same lenj^th as those last second tier,
mentioned, and on them again are placed connecting pieces, to which the girders
supporting the roof are attached. These girders correspond with those support-
ing the galleries, and exactly resemble those forming the tier immediately beneath
them, in every respect except their tliicknesses. The whole of the girders on the
upper tier have been proved in the building to a strain of nine tons.
By extending the area of our observations, we shall be enabled to include all
tiic varieties of trusses employed to support the flat roofing over the whole extent VariiHen of roof
of the building. It may be well, therefore, to consider that our original limita-
tion to 21 feet square has been enbrgcd by the addition of a space of 72 feet by
24 feet, being a compartment of tlie roof over the nave ; and of an area of the
same width by 48 feet, being a portion of the roof over the avenue wliich extends
from east to west, beyond the aisle on each side of the nave.
As we have stated that the latter of these portions of the building (the 48-feetThe48-ft.tru8!iesi
avenue) rises to a height of two stories only from the ground, it will be manifest
that its roof-trusses must be attached at the level of the girders wliich serve to
stiffen the main shafts of the nave, namely, at a height of 44 feet from the ground.
These 48-feet roof-trusses are attached to connecting pieces in a similar mode to
that already described for the girders, with the exception that their vertical posi-
tion is maintulned by bolts passing tlirough their standards and through the
column, instead of by the system of keys as in the 24-fcet girders.
In fig. 6 a representation is given of tlxe principal parts of one of these trusses, Their lietaiu of
which, it will be seen, is constructed for the most part of wrought iron ; the
few portions wliich are of cast iron acting only imdcr compression. These
trusses follow the gcuerul principle of" division into 8-feet compartments ;
and, consequeutly, the caat-iioii struts or standards (A AAA, fig. 0) occur in
positions corresponding with those iu the gallery-girders already described.
conBtruutJon.
58
CONSTRUCTION OF THE BUILDING.
Fig. 6.
Diagonals of similar width on face (B B B B B B, fig. 6) connect them, and, con-
sequently, an uniform lattice-like effect is obtained. The top table of these trusses
(C C C, fig. 6) consists of two pieces of angle-iron, set at the distance of an inch
apart, their total sectional area equalling 3 inches. The bottom table (D D D,
fig. 6) consists of two bars of wrought-iron set at a similar distance apart, and
increasing in sectional area up to 3'38 inches, as they approach the centre of the
bearing. Between the angle-irons at the top and the bars at the bottom of the
truss, are passed the ends of the cast-iron standards and those of the diagonal ties ;
the sectional area of the principal of the latter equalling 2*75 inches. Rivets,
(E E E, fig. 6,) passing through the angle-irons and bars, the standards, and the ties,
connect the whole into one truss, which acts upon the principle of a rigid top table
under compression, and a suspension-truss beneath; so pressing up the standards
or struts as to raise the centre of the upper table to a camber of 4 inches, one of
the objects of which is to provide a sufficient fall for the roof-water. One of these
48 feet trusses, complete, weighs about 13 cwt., and when, imder proof, having
been loaded with a dead weight of 10 tons, deflected 3 inches, perfectly recovering
its elasticity upon the removal of the weight.
TheTZ-ft trunen; The clcar width of the nave being 72 feet, it was of course imperative to con-
struct a third description of truss, the depth of which should not exceed tliat of
the connecting pieces generally throughout the building, namely, 3 feet, and yet
sufficiently strong to support the larger weight of roof due to the increased area
of roofing it was called upon to support. The construction of this larger truss, as
shown in fig. 7, corresponds in every essential particular with that of the 48-fcet
truss already described, with the difference that the scantling of the angle-irons
and bars is necessarily much increased, and that the total lengdi of 72 feet is
divided into nine 8 feet lengths instead of six. The weight of one of these trusses
complete is about 35 cwts. ; the sectional area of the two angle-irons (A A, fig. 7)
being 5'71 inches; that of the two bottom bars, at their maximum, G"75 inches;
and tliat of the principal diagonal ties 3"38 inches. When loaded under proof, with
a dead weight of 16 tons, it deflected 6i inches, und entirely recovered its elas-
ticity on the weight being removed.
A repetition of one or other of these varieties of trusses suffices to support imy
portion of the flat roof of the building ; but in order to carry the grout extra
weight tlirown by the transept roof upon the last 72-fcet trusses of the nave,
where it intersects the transept, it was found necessary to employ trusses of
double depth, extra lattice-work, and much increased scantling. The construction
Their detaila at
construction.
Tlie extra itrong
71.'-feet truaaes ;
their detaila of
conatiuction.
\
m
rti
CONSTRUCTION UF THE BUILDING.
Fig. 7.
59
of these trusses is shown in fig. 8. In order to give additional support to them,
lour extra columns have been attached to those situated at the intersection of the
nave and transept.
Fig. 8.
The direction of the 72-feet trusses of the roof of the nave being of course The roof tru»se«,
^^ flow coniiGctf^d
transverse to its length, and the trusses occurring at intervals of 24 feet, it became longiiudinaiiy.
necessary, in order to perfectly steady them, that timbers (shown in section and
elevation at B B, fig. 7) should be thrown across Irom one to the other, in
no
C0N8TRUCTI0K OF THE D1)Tr,i>IKQ.
llux-KUtlvra run-
iiliiK tmiiKt nuly
I'onnectwl K>n)|i-
tuiliiially by
I'litlan gill Inn,
the direction of from cast to west. These timbers ure introduced ot intervals of
eiglit feet, being placed directly over the vertical standards of the roof truHscs.
Between the top of the truss and the end of thesu timbers is placed a box
(shown in section and elevation at CC C, fig. 7), running along the whole length,
and attached to the upper llango of the truss, forming a nittcr of considerable
capacity, for tl»e purpose of carrying the water away from the roofs to the hollow
coiuums, through which it ultimately descends to the drains.
The peculiar form of the timbers, spanning from tijj^ to truss, and the ofEces
they are called upon to perform, together with the !'.t,i tiiat no less tlian 20
miles of them are required for the construction of the roofing, render them
worthy of a detailed description. Tlicy are now known . .s the Faxton (gutters.
The form of their section is clearly shown in fig. 9.
Figs. 'J, 10, 11, 12.
Tim l^uilon
.■aUan ;
Tlieir ilelHlla uf
ooiiatructiun :
They con^^ist of , ieces of timber 24 feet in length, five inches wide by six inches
deep. On the upper surface, a £<\micireular groove (C, fig. 9), Ifth inch radius, is
cu', in ovdei to receive the external water from the roofs. On each of the two
vertical aides oi the timbers an oblique groove (B B, fig. 9) is cut, in order to
receive the condensed water, which, trickling down the iimer surface of the glass,
finds its way to these small channels, and is carried along them to their ends,
where oblique cuts connect them with the box-gutters.
As the length of 24 feet would be too great for the gutter to carry itself
riiciruuwing; without bcnding, or, as it is technically termed, " sagging," the alternative pre-
sented itself ot' either very much increasinfr the scantling, or contriving some
system of trussing. The former was rejected on account of its heaviness and
unsightly appearance ; it was therefore determined that a rod of iron (shown at
A A A A, figs. 9, 10, and 11 ) should be passed Ixjncath the Paxton gutter, should
be secured to its two ends by cast-iron shoes (B, fig. 10), and should press up, at
eight feet intervals in its length, two cast-iron standards (C, fig. 11), so as to
effect a camber or rise in its whole length of 2^ inches. So trussed, the gutter
:s capable of supporting no less a weight than li tons. A semicircular cut is
given through the depth of the gutter at both cuds, so that when two are placed
end to end, the water may fiow down to the box-gutters tlirough a circular cavity.
Twenty-seven notclies are marked by u template, and cut on each side of the
upper edge ; a few of these are shown at D D D, figs. 10 and 11. The Paxton
i!
CONHTRUCTION OF THE OUlIiDINO.
01
gtittcr, thiis complcto, is attached to a flanged iron plate, bolfr ^ on to the
edges of the box-gutters, so that the parallel lim 4 of gutter may form a con-
tinuous tie from the enslorn or western e/ids r.f the Building to the transc j)t, and
80 that, should the wood shrink in length, it may not pull apart and .isiort tlic
Bides of the box-gutters.
Three of the notches referred to as being nut on each side of the gutters, arc iii(.irn,ni,«ii.iii
larger than the others, and on them bars of wood, 2 inclics by H inch, groovi<i
for gluas on both sides, arc notche<l down. These bars (shown at A, fig. 12)
form principal rafters, atrl, being set at ;i pitch of 2i to 1, are fixed to a ridge
8 inches by 3 inches, grooved lor gliiss on both sides. The angle at which these
arc fixed being the one which Mr. I'Axton, in numerous experiments, has found
to U; best adapted to the construction of similar roofn,
One of the principal reasons which led to the adoption of eight feet and not hoiiwi i f«r "xinB
more, as the pitch of tlicsc gutters from rontro to centre, was, that the distance f«ii' "
from ridge to gutter-edge might be <■' -d with the largest sized glass that could
be conveniently manufactured in on ij^rth, and that by that means the unsightly
appearance, and frciiucntly leaky coti ^ion, of joined glass, might be avoided.
The method of construction of n ' bay of this system of roofing is shown a 24.feei Uy of
in fig. 13, and from it the reader m.i^ uo enabled to follow the description we arc "" "" '
about to give of the construction of a length of roofing.
Fig. 13.
The gutters, principal rafters or main sash-bars, and ridge bein£f fixed in How con»tructed.
place, the long edge of a sheet of glass, 4 feet 1 inch, by 10 inches, is inserted
into the groove of the principal rafter, and a sash-bar (shown in section at B,
fig. 12), 1 inch by I5 inch, also double grwved, is then put on to the other
IMAGE EVALUATION
TEST TARGET (MT-3)
1.0
1.1
8a 121
■tt Kii 12.2
Sf lift ■"
^ 1^ 12.0
m
1 1.25 II , .4 ^
^
6"
►
Riotographic
Sdences
Corporation
33 WEST MAIN STRICT
WBBSTIR.N.Y. MStO
(716)S72-4S03
62
CONSTRUCTION OF THE BUILDING.
ing,how«tMli8d.
Its UMl.
The flooring.
long edge of the glass. The sash bar is then brought down and secured at the
top to the ridge, and at the bottom to the edge of the gutter; the lower edge of
the glass bedding on putty about three-quarters of an inch wide. A slight blow to
the lower end brings the upper edge of the glass home into the groove in the
ridge. The glass being then pressed down, the putty is made good in the grooves
externally, and by the repetition of this simple operation, the essentials of this
system of roofing are constructed.
Ltghtnen one of One among the many advantages of Mr. Paxton's roofing is its extreme light-
Mr. PMtoii'f ° ness. In the instance of that of the Exhibition Building, the whole of the
tooBng. roofing (the weight of the trusses that support it being of course deducted),
weighs only 3i lbs. per foot superficial upon the average.
In order to mitigate the intensity of the light, and at the same time to assist
h!''h^u,^hS' ^^ ^'ccping the building cool, a canvas covering has been provided, extending over
the entire area of the flat roof. The canvas is attached to the ridges, and allowed
to hang down between them in a festoon. As one width of canvas is insufficient
to reach from ridge to ridge, two are sewn together, the seam occurring in the
centre, immediately over the Paxton gutter. The rain descending falls on the
canvas, and clings to it by capillary attraction, creeping down until it arrives
at the seam, where it passes through the canvas, and falls into the Paxton gutter ;
thus the danger of the passage of water which might take place through broken
panes or imperfect putty-joints, is obviated, and the chances of leakage are con-
sequently materially diminished.
In order to trace continuously the course of the vertical supports firom the
ground to the roof, we have not interrupted our description by detailing the
nature of the flooring ; but as that is one of Mr. Paxton's ingenious con-
trivances, it would not be right to allow it to pass unnoticed. In a paper, read
by Mr. Paxtojt at the Society of Arts, on the 13th of November, 1850, that
gentleman narrated the experiments which led to the origiuation of the present
design, and stated that he had tried many methods, in order to find out the
most suitable floors for the pathways of horticultural structures. After enume-
rating the objcv^tions to the use of stone and close boarding, he mentioned,
ihat "he had ultimately been led to the adoption of trelliced wooden pathways,
" with spaces between each board, through which, on sweeping, the dust at once
" disappears, and falls into the vacuity below." He thus describes his application
of these experiments to the Exhibition Building : —
" Whilst the accomplishment of this point" (the speedy removal of dust)
'♦ was most important in plant-houses, I consider it doubly so with respect to the
" Industrial Building, where there will be such an accumulation of articles of
" delicate workmanship. Before sweeping the floors of the Great Building, the
" whole will be sprinkled with water from a movable hand-engine, which will be
" immediately followed by a sweeping-machine, consisting of many brooms, fixed
" to an apparatus on light wheels, and drawn by a shaft. By this means a large
" portion of ground will be passed over in a very short space of time." Tlie
boards for the floor are li inch thick, laid half an inch apart, upon joists 7 inches
by 2i- inches, which rest upon large timbers or sleepers, 13 inches by 3i inches,
at intervals of 8 feet apart. Through the interstices left between the boards the
dust passes, and the merits of this system of flooring are thus summed up by
Mr. Paxton : — " It is very economical, dry, clean, pleasant to walk upon, admits
" of the dust falling through the spaces, and even when it requires to be
u deicribed by
Mr. Paxton.
CONSTRUCTION OF THE BUILDING.
63
adinita
I to bo
" thoroughly washed, the water at once disappears between the openinjre, and the coneiiuion of
«« L J L 1 • !• 1 /. /. . . .. notice of general
boards become almost immediately fit for visitors. conitmetfon of
Having now endeavoured to furnish the reader with sufficient detail of a small
portion of the building, to enable him to use it as a scale, whereby to estimate
the quantity of labour represented by a structure of the general dimensions we General dimen.
are about to enumerate, it may be stated that the total area of the ground floor is JiuSI*''* "•"*"■
772,784 square feet, and that of the galleries 217,100 square feet. The galleries
extend nearly a mile in length. The total cubic contents of the building are
about 33,000,000 feet; there are nearly 2,300 cast-iron girders, and 358
wrought-iron trusses for supporting the ^leries and roof, 30 miles of gutters
for carrying water to the columns, 202 miles of sash bars, and 900,000 superfi-
cial feet of glass. The width of the nave is, within 10 feet, double that of St.
Paul's Cathedral, whilst its length is more than four times as great.
With a general knowledge of the construction of the nave, we may imagine
the visitor, returning to the transept, better qualified to enter into the mecha- The tnniept
nical details, and the amount of difficulties presented to his notice, by that great
feature of the building. The arrangement of the vertical shafts, galleries, &c., is
similar to that of the nave ; the main points of difference commencing at the level
of the flat roof. It will be remembered that the spaces to be covered at a height of iti roof.
64 feet from the ground, are, firstly, a main avenue, 408 feet long by 72 feet wide ;
and secondly, two aisles, each 408 feet long by 24 feet wide. It was determined
that a semi-cylindrical vault should span the larger of these areas, and for that
purpose semicircular ribs (see Plate I.) extend from side to side, their ends being
inserted into the hollow columns, whilst they are steadied by the insertion
between, and at right angles to them, of stout timbers, 9 feet 2 inches from one
another, acting as purlins.
The structure of the ribs is shown in fig. 14. To quote from a paper descrip- conifmctionof
tive of the building, read at the Institution of Civil Engineers, on the 14th of tnnaeptroor.^
January, 1851, " they are made in three thicknesses of timber, cut into segments, Description
" 9 feet 6 inches long, of a circle of 74 feet extreme diameter, the centre thickness "'T^»'ilsacti?ni of
" being 4 inches by 13i inches, and the outer, or flitches, breaking joint with the cwii Eig^n°eeM."
" centre, being 2 inches by 13^ inches. The flitches are nailed to the centre
" thickness, and 4ths inch bolts, about 4 feet apart, on the segment, traverse and
" bind together the three thicknesses. On the extrados, or outer circum-
" ference of the wooden arch thus formed, two planks serving as a gutter board
"11 inches by 1 inch, and a bar of iron 2 inches by |ths inch, are bent to the
" curve ; and on the intrados, or inner circumference, a piece of timber, 7 inches
" by 2 inches, moulded to correspond with the form of the columns, and a bar of
" iron, 3i inches by fths inch, are also bent to the curve. Bolts, at intervals
" of 2 feet from centre to centre, passed through the depth of the rib, unite these
" additions to each other, and to the main rib, which, thus increased in scantling,
" measures, complete, 1 foot 6 inches by 8 inches." In order to perfectly con- The tran»ept roof,
nect these ribs, so that any force exerted, by wind or other causes, tending to
the displacement of any one of them, may be distributed over the whole mass,
iron rods have been set diagonally, forming a complete reticulation over the
whole inner surface of the roof The main ribs are fixed spanning the transept,
at intervals of 24 feet from centre to centre. Each of these 24 feet widths is
divided into three parts, and at 8 feet from one another, and from the main ribs,
minor ribs are introduced. Between them again, but being semicircles of larger
how conatriicteil.
64
CONSTRUCTION OP THE BUILDING.
diameter, ore fixed small ribs of wood, which being comiected with the main and
minor ribs by means of sash bars, become available as ridges. The space between
Fig. 14.
Traniept Ulb*.
The leaii Otta.
11ie eitornil
enrloKUiM.
them and the ribs is glazed
and finished on the same sys-
tem as that adopted in the flat
roof of the building, the sash
bars being set at an oblique
angle, or " herring - bone "
fashion, in order to assist the
conduction of the water, and
prevent its lodging against the
lower putty bed of each pane
of glass over which it trickles.
Along the summit of this
semi-cylindrical vault runs,
from north to south, a narrow
lead path, in order to afford
access to the apex of the roof,
and to provide a means of low-
ering down workraen to repair
any damage that may possibly
happen to it. As the quantity
of water discharged from this
vault must necessarily be con-
siderable, it was deemed advi-
sable that the 24-feet aisles ou
each side of it should be
covered with lead flats, instead
of the ordinary glass roofing.
These lead flats presented also
the further advantage of being
so completely connected, as to
form solid abutments, steady-
ing the feet of the ribs. In
order to convey any pressure
in the way of thrust, that the
ribs might exert, to those
Section of Transept Rib, and ipringinif of dlttd poiutS bcSt Capable of rcsisting
Strain, horizontal trusses of wrought-iron were constructed beneath the lead
flats, consisting of bars capable of being keyed up at any time from the
lead flats, and thus any tendency to movement, on the part of any of the
ribs, would be immediately transferred either to the extreme north and south
ends, where their feet are securely tied together by the cast-iron girders
which cross the transept at those points; or to the angles where the transept
intersects the nave, and where the whole force of the vis inertia; of the nave roof
would serve as abutment.
The general effect produced by this semi-cylindrical roof covering the large
elms beneath, is shown in Plate I.
The external enclosures or walls, as seen from within, on the two upper
CONSTRUCTION OP THE BUILDING.
65
I ■
stories, consist of glass in wooden sash frames, inserted between columns 8 feet
from centre to centre, and louvre frames for ventilation, surmounting the sash
frames. On the groimd story, boarding takes the place of the glass ; and the
height being 24 feet instead of 20 feet, an additional tier of ventilators is
inserted. The columns at 24 feet apart being of iron, the intermediate ones,
dividing that width into 8 feet compartments, are of wood.
As no less than 1,500 sash frames have been used, they may justify a few The »«»h.fi«meii.
words of description. To quote again from the Transactions of the Institution of
Civil Engineers, we learn that " the sash frames are 2^ inches thick, with seven
" bars in their width; the bars being 2i inches deep, double grooved for glass.
" Wrought-iron bolts, 4 inch diameter, pass completely through the sash bars and
•' sash frames, at the points where they are attached to the columns ; and thus a
" chuin tie is kept up all roimd the building, in order to prevent displacement of
•' the sashes either bodily or in portions, by the pressure of the wind. To further
" guard against the same action, timber bridges, 3^ inches byl^ inch in the centre,
" are fixed across the middle of the length of the sash ; and at the internal
" angles, where the wind will exert its greatest force, iron rods, half an inch in
•' diameter, are fastened from column to column, pressing against the wooden
" bridge, and converting it into a continuous strut, bearing up against any force
" applied to the exterior of the sash. In order to glaze the sashes, the glass
" is slipped down between the bars, and provision is made for mending, by
" causing one groove to be cut deeper than the other, so that the glass may be
" slipped in from one side, and puttied into its exact place. A similar pro-
" vision is made for mending the roof glass."
As whatever lateral force the Mrind may exert upon the building will beThewtionof
principally received by these sashes, it may not be inappropriate, in considering mS'onu'ieTu'iid-
them, to advert briefly to the general question of the action of wind upon the '"*'
building.
On the 15th of January, 1851, a meeting was held at the Society of Arts, at
which Mr. Fox, one of the contractors for the building attended, to afford the
members of that Society an opportunity of asking any questions as to the general
points of stability and durability, on which they might desire information.
One of the questions proposed was, " What would be the effects of the wind Howde«iii*.iby
" on such an extensive surface as the building presented, and what means were
" taken to counteract them ?" and as Mr. Fox's reply embraced with remarkable
clearness the principal facts connected with the argument, we shall give it at
length. Mr. Fox replied " that the building rested on 1,060 columns on the
" ground floor, and the most likely direction for the wind to have any injurious
" effect on the building, must of course be in the direction of its greatest width,
" which was 1,800 feet as compared with 400 in the opposite direction. These
♦' colmnns rested on cast-iron plates based upon concrete ; and there was no possi-
" bility of their rocking about without the base-plates being broken. Above
*' these plates were sleepers, that carry the floor. They were 13 inches in depth,
" and fitted accurately up against the two sides of the column, and running
" transversely from one side of the building to the other ; so that it would be
" very difficult to conceive that one of these columns could be possibly upset
" until it was actually broken in two. And again, at the top the columns are
" united together by cast-iron girders 3 feet deep, and four columns are framed
" together, very much as they woidd frame a table. Now to break the column,
F
ilr. Fox.
66
CONSTRUCTION OP THE BUILDING.
" thoy must exert a force equal to that of twice the transverse strength of the
" column. According to the experiments it was found that six tons was the
" bearing weight, and 12 tons the breaking weight of the columns in the centre.
" Now, 1,060 columns multiplied by six tons, the bearing weight, was equal to
" 6,360 tons ; so that it would be necessary to exert a force equal to 6,360 tons,
•• at a height of 24 feet from the grour.d, before they would be able to blow down
" the building, and he was now treating of the building independently of its
" bracings. The greatest force of wind ever known had been computed at 22 lbs.
" to the superficial foot. Taking 28 lbs. as the force, and assuming that they
" could have a gust of wind which would strike the whole side of the building
" from top to bottom at the same moment, the total force which could be brought
" against it would be from 1,400 to 1,500 tons. Now, they had got power to
" resist it of 6,360 tons, not taking into account the bracings and the other con-
" structions and offices which were within the building, and which must of
'♦ course add to its strength. The building had been tested in the late gale, when
" Colonel Reid ascertained that the force of the wind was 19* lbs., and it did
" no harm whatever; and that was at a time when the roof was not on, and the
" building was quite exposed."
Til* veniii»tor». The vcutilators, to which allusion has been made, and which are shown in
fig. 15, fulfil an important office in the building, acting as the organs of respiration
to the whole body. The total
^^' '^' surface of ventilation is nearly
50,000 superficial feet, and the
whole has been so arranged,
that, by the application of one
man's strength, at about 90
different points, the whole may
be opened, closed, or set and
secured at any desired angle,
simultaneously. The venti-
lators themselves consist of gal-
vanized iron blades of an S
form, 6^ inches wide, fixed on
pivots at 6 inches from centre to centre. Of these there are eight in the wooden
frame inserted between the columns and the sill on the ground floor, and six in those
which surmount the sash-frames on the two upper stories. The section of the blade
is of a novel form, and is calculated, when open, to afford the minimum interruption
to the passage of the air, compatible with being weather-tight at all times. To
each blade, in the centre of its length, are attached small iron brackets furnished
with eyes, through which pins are inserted ; which pins are secured in a species
of wooden rack. These racks are connected with cranks attached to iron rods,
to which a movement of torsion is conveyed by screws and powerful levers. A
moderate exertion of the strength of one man applied to one of these levers,
suffices to regulate, with facility, no less than 600 feet superficial of ventilation.
The aworaiion. Hithcrto the building has been considered only in a structural point of view.
The vivacity of any impression it may convey to the casual visitor will, however,
probably depend more strongly on the system of decoration which it has received
from Mr. Owen Jones than on any of the constructional details we have been
describing. That gentleman, whose studies in Egypt and in the East generally,
CONSTRUCTION OF THE BUILDINQ.
67
in Spain, and in other countries of Europe, had qualiBcd him for the task, was
enabled at an early stage in the progress of the building, to foresee the cfTcet of
the combination in perspective of its various lines. Serious appreliensions were at
first entertained os to the propriety of the application of colour, usually devoted
to the decoration of extended surfaces, to what were asserte<l to be lines only.
Mr. Jones was, however, enabled to estimate how far the merging in distance of '
those lines would give them the appearance of surfaces, and the three tints of ' '
blue, red, and yellow have been distributed by him over the columns and girders,
so that 08 the surfaces blended in perspective, each column has allied itself in
colour with its fellow column, each vertical face of girder with the vertical faces
of its fellow girders, and each soffite, or imderside, with its fellow soffites.
Breadth and distinctness were given to the enunciation of each colour. The
light of tl.e sky appearing through the interstices of the roof, the principal
portions of which have been tinted of a delicate blue, unites with the cok^r,
giving it at once air and brilliancy. The effect of this mode of treatment has
been to add considerably to the apparent elevation of the building. By varying
the colours of the vertical and of the horizontal lines, and retaining each uni-
formly, the eye is enabled to detect, at even the greatest distance, the direction
and position of every part of the construction, and thus the otherwise endless
confusion of the complexity of lines, is reduced to order and simplicity.
Although a provision for the gratification of the intellectual tastes of the Tiie refrcniiment
visitor has been the main object in the formation of the Exhibition Building,
ministering to his more ordinary appetites has not been lost eight of. Commo-
dious refreshment rooms, with the accompaniments usually connected with them
at large railway stations, have been provided around the trees at the northern
extremity of the transept, and adjoining open courts towards the eastern and
western extremities of the buildings, where the presence of the trees dictated
their location.
The official business connected with the conduct of the Exhibition rendered Th* o<n»"-
necessary the employment of a large staff of clerks, &c., for whom, and for the
juries, &c., a considerable extent of accommodation has been provided in offices
placed on each side of the southern entrance.
We have supposed our visitor to enter on the south side ; admittance may, Tiie cntmnpe,
however, be also gained at the eastern and western ends, where similar vestibules,
72 feet by 48 feet, afford accommodation for turnstiles,- check-talrors, &c. Dis-
posed at nearly equal distances from one another, on the f ';' sides of the
structure, are 15 exits, by passing tlirough either of which the building may be
quitted.
In issuing from its precincts the visitor will pass through the gates of an iron riip exterior or
railing designed by Mr. Owen Jones. Retreating to some distance, he will be
enabled to take in a general impression of the whole building, as shown in fig. 16.
From the north-west angle the most picturesque view is to be obtained, and from
that position may be best appreciated the grand effect produced by Mr. Paxton's
happy idea of raising the semi-cylindrical vault of the transept roof, above the
tiers of terraces which extend on either side of it. For much of the grace of
proportion and beauty of form, which from this point of view the visitor cannot
lail to notice, the building is indebted to Mr. Bakry. Upon the form and distri-
bution of the arches and fiUing-in frames, as well as of the columns, the sug-
gestions of that gentleman exercised a happy influence.
68
CONSTRUCTION OP THE BUILDING.
Th*d«**IUar*n
0-ft^ l«y of
•Inatlou.
Til* •»«•« en-
oIowmI at «>Mtflrn
and waatvrii ei»[;
Tha boiler-hoiiwi
Fig. 17.
The watpr
iiipply.
Conelution of
Part I. of iiib-
lect»— "The
builcling u it
ttuida.'^
Commenceinent
of Put II.- "lu
creation."
Afrangementi
•iiliaequently to
acceptance of
lender.
In fig. 17 we liave given a view of a bay of the building, 8 feet in width ;
and from that and the other illustrationa a tolerably correct idea may be formed of
the nature of its external construction.
At the east and west ends considerable spaces have been enclosed, for the
purpose of aflbrding accommodation Hot largo objects, the weight or dimensions of
which precluded their admittance into the building.
At about 155 feet from the north-west angle, a structure, 96 feet by 24 feet,
has been erected for the purpose of containing the boilers lor generating steam, to
be supplied to give motion to the various machines requiring to bo exhibited
in operation. The external appearance of
this building precisely corresponds with that
of a portion of the main edifice of similar
dimensions. It contains live uiilers, equal
to 150-hor8e power, and a largo tank,
serving as a balance-head to the water-
supply. This supply consists of a 6-inch
main, entirely surrounding the building;
upon it, at intervals of about 240 feet, are
placed fire-cocks ; and at different points
in its circuit 16 4-inch branch-pipes enter
the building, and lead so far into the in-
terior, that fire-cocks placed upon their ends
are so situated that circles of 120 feet
radius drawn from each of them would inter-
sect one another. The mains running on
the north and south sides of the building
are connected across the transept by a 5-inch
main, from which, near the centre of the
building, pipes diverge, leading cast and
west, for the supply of the various fountains
placed upon the central line of the nave.
Having endeavoured to convey some gene-
ral idea of the nature of the building as it at
present stands, it may be desirable to trace
the successive steps by which it has grown
into the form it now assimies.
When it is remembered that the tender
for its construction was not accepted by the
the 26th of July, 1850, that possession of the
site was only obtained on the 30th of the same month, and that the first column
was fixed on the 26th of September, it will be manifest that into the intervening
period must have been crowded arrangements, which, under ordinary circum-
stances, would have required at least double that period for their completion.
Details of construction had to be settled, elaborate calculations as to the strength
and proportions of the several constituent parts to be made, machines for econo-
mising labour to be devised, contracts for the supply of materials to be entered
into, and thousands of hands set actually to work. How unintermitting since
that period the labour must have been is testified by the fact, that the opening of
the Exhibition takes place on the 1st of May, the day originally appointed.
Royal Commissioners until
^^y---^^:^^
CONSTRUCTION OF THE BUILDING.
69
tender
i by the
of the
column
econo-
entered
On the ground being given »i*> to the contractors, the first work undertaken iio«Biiii«eom^
was the construction oi' a hoarding to inclose the whole areo of the site. This »«tn« nWen up to
hoarding was lormed by the insertion into the ground, in pturs, of the timbers
ultimately to be used os joists. Hetwccn eoch pair of uprights were slipped the
ends of boards, ultimately to be used as floor-boards ; and these were secured by
attaching together the two ends of the joists extending above them. Thus the
expense of tlie hire of waste boarding was avoided ; the timber composing the
hoarding was completely uninjured ; and the celerity with which the whole area
was surrounded was truly remarkable.
The task of setting out the plan of tlio building was intrusted to Mr. BroungeR; ThtMiung out.
and the extreme accuracy with which the situation of every column was fixed, and
the adjustment of every level was performed, reflects credit upon that gentleman.
In order that the measurement of 24 feet, upon which the accuracy of "<>* p'«*«d«J
the whole plan depended, might be indicated with extreme precision, poles of
thoroughly-seasoned pine were fitted with gun-metal cheeks, or small pro-
jecting plates, the ends of the poles extending a few inches beyond the cheeks.
The measurements were taken by laying one pole on the other, so that the inner
edges of the gun-metal cheeks, set at precisely 24 feet from one another, might
be brought into contact. Thus the danger of any error, arising from the ends of
the poles becoming damaged in use, was avoided. Stakes having been driven
into the ground to indicate approximately the position of the columns, their
precise centres were ascertained by the use of the theodolite, and marked by
driving a nail into each stake at the exact point. When it became necessary to
remove these stakes, in order to dig out holes for the concrete foundations, an
ingenious method was resorted to, for at any time identifying the position occu-
pied by the nail which had been removed. To effect this a right-angled triangle
was framed in deal, at the two ends of which saw- cuts were made. Previous to
the removal of the stake, the apex of the triangle was set to the nail indicating
the situation of the centre of the column. Two other stakes were then driven
beneath the saw-cuts, and two nails driven in at the ends of the saw-cuts. The
wooden triangle being then removed, the centre stake was withdrawn, the hole
made, and the concrete thrown in. The height of the surface of the mortar,
varying with almost every column, was regulated by pegs driven to the correct
level under the direction of Mr. Brounger. Another triangle of a somewhat
similar character to, and having saw-cuts in the same position as, the one already
described, having two of its angles adjusted to the two stakes remaining in the
ground, determined the exact position in which the base-plates had to be fixed.
As every casting was delivered on the ground, it received a careful examina- Cantininex-
tion, and an immediate coat of paint. The girders, upon the perfect soundness Xi'rn proved'
of which the stability of the galleries and roof mainly depended, were subjected
to a rigorous test, in a machine arranged for the purpose by Mr. Charles Heard
Wild. One of Mr. Henderson's patent cranes was so placed, that, on a waggon
containing girders being brought beneath its range, a girder was lifted from the
waggon, and deposited upon a weighing apparatus. An account having been
taken of its weight, the girder was again lifted by the crane, and carried forward
to an extremely strong frame, the two ends of which corresponded in form and
dimensions to the connecting pieces with their projections. The girder being
securely confined in these clutches, a force was exerted upon it at the two points
upon which the weight of the floors and roofing would have to be carried, that is
70
CONSTRUCTION OF THE BUILDING.
Tlw tolumnt «ul
ninlrra, how
niHil,
•tcailieil,
to my, immctllafely over its viTticul lines. Tlio force thus communicntwl was
applied by two piHtonfl, forced upwards by a moilificiitton of BkAMAII'h hydraulic
press ; the principle of wliicli, it will be rcnsembcrctl, depends upon the power
gaincil by forcing woter (by means of u sinoll piston) into a strong cylinder in
which a lorgcr piston works ; the power being increased in the proportion borne
by the area of the piston to bo raised to the area of the sinuU piston. A registering
apparatus afHxed to the pipe leading from the force-pump to the testing-machine,
aitorded the means of adjusting the pressure exercised by the hydraulic press. A
careful observation of this apparatus conveyed the assurance, that every girder,
according to its ultimate destination, was proved to a strain of either 9, 15, or '22
tons. Allcr testing, the girder was released from its confinement, again raised by
tlio crane, and stacked in a convenient place ready for removal. So admirably were
the various arrangements made for conducting these operations, that it was possible
for a girder to be lil'ted from its waggon, weighed, secured in the testing-machine,
proved, released, again raised, and iinally deposited, in less than four minutes.
In order to elevate the columns to their places, what is known in technical
language as a pair of shear-legs was employed. This simple apparatus consists ^f
two p«iies lashed together at their heads, and maintained in a steady position by
ropes extending, from the apex of the triangle formed by the base-line of the
ground, and the inclination of the poles, to one another, to stakes driven into the
ground at a considerable distance. From the apex of the triangle a scries of ropes
passing over pulleys were suspended perpendicularly; and, by means of this " fall,"
the majority of the columns, girders, and other heavy portions of the construction,
were elevated to their places. The operation of raising girders is shown in the
view, fig. 18, but on so
small a scale as to convey
only an imperfect idea of
its detail. Modifications
of the simple apparatus
described sulBced to hoist
almost every part of the
necessary iroit-work. A
connecting-piece was at-
tached to each column
previous to its elevation ;
and so soon as two columns
with their connecting-
pieces were fixed, a girder
was run up, slipped be-
tween the projections of
the connecting-pieces, and
secured in its place. An
opposite pair of columns
having been similarly ele-
vated, another girder was
attached to them ; and
thus two sides of a square
were formed, and main-
tained in a vertical posi-
FiR. IH.
C0N8TKUCTI0N OK THE BUILDINd.
71
tion by poles acting as supports to thoin. Two other girders l)oing tlu<n huiHttKl,
ttiid slipped between the connecting-pieces on the remaining two sides ol' tlie
square, u perlect table was constructed. The " sliores " or supports were then
removed, together with the sheor-lcgs, und the whole uppratus was ut liberty, K)r
the purfMso of recommencing a similar oiKiration in an adjoining 24-ibet buy.
VVIien a Huflicicnt number of these bays had been completed, starting fr<m» the
intersection of the nave and transept, to warrant the luldition, the hoisting of the
columns lor the first floor was commenced ; more h)fty shear-legs being of cours*;
employed. The extension of the ground-floor structure proceeding, as that of the
first floor was carried on, a base wns in turn afforded for the columns of the third
tier ; and thus the iron frame work of the whole building rone from the ground,
firm and secure, without involving the necessity of any scaffolding whatever.
While these operations of actual structure! were being carried op, under the
immediate superintendence of Mr. JoihV CocilltANE, the work of preparation
was yet more vigorously pushed. The manufitcture of the Paxton gutters, and the
application of machinery to their formation, is so interesting, as to warrant a
somewhat lengthen'id notice.
In the year 1837, when Mr. Paxtom commenced the construction of the
Chatsworth conservatory, in which similar gutters were employed, machinery
had not been brought to bear upon their construction. By the use of a con-
trivance, the details of which were arranged by Mr. Cowpeb, a gentleman in
the employment of Messrs. Fox and Hendeuson, a total length of upwards of
2,000 feet per day has been turned out, for many successive days. The pioces
of timber destined to form the gutters are sawn into lengths of 24 feet, 6 inches
deep, and 5 inches thick. Three of these pieces are fixed on the frame of a
planing-machine, and by it are worked true and square. In figures 19, 20, 21,
and 22 are given representations of the details of the gutter-making machine,
erected at Messrs. Fox and Henderson's workshops, near the Thames, at Chelsea.
Fig. 19 is a side view of a block of cast-iron, to which Fig.io.
steel cutters (AAAA) arc attached by bolts and nuts
(BBBB). Four blocks, of similar construction, are
fixed to four spindles, and by the action of drums on
the same spindles, set in motion by bands moved by a
steam-engine of 20-horse power, tlie blocks arc made
to revolve with extreme rapidity. Any piece of
timber exposed to the action of these cutters, must
obviously be scooped out into the form of the outline
of the cutters attached to each block. By modifying
the form of the cutters almost any variety of section can be given to the timbers
brought into contact with them. In the present case, the four sections A, B, C,
and D (fig. 21), represent the successive action of the four sets of cutters lettered
to correspond with them (on fig. 20), by means of which the larger cavity for the
rain water, and the two smaller chaimels for the condensed water, are formed.
The part removed by each set of cutters is shown by the hatched Imes.
Fig. 22 represents a plan of the machine, looking down from above upon the
gutters, the gutter being removed in order to show the action of the cutters more
clearly.
The operation may be explained as follows : — ^The piece of timber, properly
squared, is placed upon the roller marked E, it Is then pushed on until it comes
■nil Itinl.
Tlix wrnnil antl
tliini •Inrin ■■iini
mi'Mrfil wlthitiit
•(■iiiriilillnii -linw
TIm* prfiwntinn
of tin oilier wiirl
•nakingmiwliliit
lt» inoile o(
operation
72
CONSTRUCTION OF THE BUILDING.
in contact with the roller marked F, the projecting points on which so far seize
it as to propel it forward to meet the rapidly revolving set of cutters marked A.
Passing onwards to B, it is subjected to a second action. By C a third operation
is performed, and in passing through D, a perfect form is given to the piece
of timber. Thus, while, the end beyond D presents the perfect section of a
Fig. 20.
Tlip I'nxti) 1
fiiiitcrs —how
fomplt'tcd I'oT
use oTi thu
gi-'uiiid.
finished gutter, the other end, which has not yet pa.ssed the set of cutters at A,
remains in its original square form. In fig. 22, a vertical section is given, exhi-
Fig. 22.
biting the precise angle at which the cast-iron blocks are made to revolve, and
the cutters to clear away the timber before them. O shows the section of the
gutter acted on by the cutters, N the holdfast by which the gutter is kept in its
place during the operation. By the use of this machine three feet of gutter can be
made per minute, and, working night and day at this rate, the whole quantity
required was completed in two months.
The Paxton gutters, thus prepared, were delivered on the ground, and after
having been carefully examined, and the defective ones removed, they were con-
veyed to other machines (vide fig. 23), fixed upon the ground, by means of wliich
they were finished ready for use. A large circular saw, the spindle of which
could be raised or depressed by the action of a lever, had fixed in the centre of one
of its sides two gouges, adapted to produce, by rapid revolution, a semicircular
groove. A frame, the exact length of the gutters, was fixed at right angles to the
CONSTRUCTION OF THE BUILDING.
73
Fig. 2.3.
plane of this BaAV. In the centre of this frame a species of chair was constructed,
capable of turning round, and a shoe was fixed at the extremity of the frame farthest
from the saw. The end of a gutter about 24 feet long was thrust into this shoe,
and its middle supported by the chair already mentioned. The end nearest to
the saw was then pressed down, and secured by an iron strap. Thus retained in
position, it was necessarily bent to precisely that camber arranged to be ultimato'y
given to it by suspension-rods and struts. The circular saw, revolving rapidly,
was then made to descend until its edge came in contact with the end of the
gutter, which it cut to the precise length required, and at exactly the right
angle. The axis of the circular saw
was then still further loweved down,
until the gouges fixed on its side cut
their way through the gutter, making
a semicircular groove through its
depth. One end being thus scooped
out, the gutter was released from its
position, turned round, and secured
in a contrary direction in the shoe at
the opposite extremity of the sup-
porting frame. The other end of the
gutter, thus presented in its turn to
the saw, was then subjected to a
similar process, after which it was
removed, perfectly ready ibr the at-
tachment of its iron bowstring.
A machine of somewhat similar
construction (though much simplex")
to that by which the Paxton gutters
were made, brought the ridges to their proper torm.
In the course of numerous experiments which Mr. Paxton had commenced as
early as the year 1828, the great necessity lor providing some machine by which
a quantity of sash-bars might be speedily and economically cut, was forcibly
impressed upon his mind. In the paper we have already quoted, Mr. Paxtox thus
describes the origin of machines of this description: — " In 1837 the foundations
" of the great conservatory (at Chatsworth) were commenced ; and in constructing
" so great a building, it was found desirable to contrive some means for abridging
" the great amount of manual labour that would be required in making the
" immense number of sash-bars requisite for the purpose. Accordingly, I visited
•' all the great workshops of London, Manchester, and Birmingham, to sec if any-
" thing had been invented that would afford the facilities I required. The only
" apparatus met with was a grooving-machine, v/hich I had at once connected with
•• a steam-engine at Chatsworth, and which was subsequently so improved as to
" make the sash- bar complete. For this apparatus the Society of Arts, in April,
" 1841, awarded me a medal, and this machine is the type from which all the
" sash-bar machines found in use throughout the country to the present time are
" taken. As the conservatory was erected under my own immediate superin-
" tendence, I am able to speak accurately as to the advantages of the machine.
" It has, in regard to that building alone, saved in expenses 1,4'">0?. The length of
" each of the bars of the conservatory is 48 inches, only one inch shorter than those
r-^ _ Tlie riilgt'!!.
The sash'l'ars,
Mr. I'axtun s
improvements in
tlie manurRcliire
of, KCnerally.
74
CONSTRUCTION OF THE BUILDING.
of the Exhibition Building. The machine waa first used in its present form in
August, 1838, and its original cost, including table, wheels, and everything com-
plete, was 20/. The motive power is from a steam-engine employed on the
premises for other purposes, and any well-seasoned timber may be used. The
attendants required are only a man and a boy, and the expense of the power
required for it when in use is comparatively trifling. The sosh-bars may be
made of any form, by changing the character of the saws. There is one par-
ticular feature in working the machine, namely, tliat the bars are presented to
the saws below the centre of motion, instead of above it, as is usual ; and to the
sides of the saw which are ascending from the table, instead of those which are
descending. These arrangements were necessary to suit the arrangement of the
teeth to the grain of the wood; for when the bars were presented to the saws
in the usual way, the wood was crushed, instead of being cut and cleaned. It is
essential that the machine should revolve 1,200 times in a minute to finish the
work in a proper manner."
Fig. 20.
Fig. 27.
|fu [ w^u [""lal'y II u'l
igpL|,ii,i| I ^^ ^,1 .^ ■
used for the
liuildiiig.
We shall now proceed to describe the modification of this machine, which is
due to the inventive powers of Mr. BiRCH, of the Phoenix saw mills, near Cum-
berland-market, Regent's Park, with whom a contract was entered into by
Messrs. JFox and Henderson for the supply of all the sash-bars for the roof,
the upright bars for the vertical lights, and the ridges. Two of the principal
points of difference between Mr. Birch's machine and that described by Mr.
Paxton are, that revolving cutters are substituted for saws, thus obviating diffi-
culties incident to the grain of the wood ; and that, by the addition of a second set
of cutters, a plank passed between them is operated upon on its upper and under
surfaces at the same time. In fig. 25 is shown a cast-iron block (somewhat similar
to those previously described in connection with the gutter-cutting machine), to
wliich are attached a variety of cutters. The rapid revolutions of the spindle (A
fig. 26) operate upon the planks submitted to the action of the cutters, in the
manner shown in fig. 28. So soon as the plank, presented by the feed-roller, has
been operated upon by the rapid revolution of these miniature adzes, it is carried
on by the roller C, and is subjected to the action of circular saws of varying
diameters, the lesser of which cut just sufficiently deep to form the groove for the
CONSTRUCTION OF THE BUILDING.
75
WT^
i
glass, while the larger pass completely through the plank, and divide it into four
finished sash-bars. In figs. 24 and 28 is represented the mode in which the sash-
bars for the vertical light^s are made, the hatched lines indicating the parts
removed; and in fig. 27, the way is shown in which the sash-bars for the roof
have been cut. Modifications in the cutters affixed to the spindle A, fig. 26,
produce the variation in form.
As delivered at the building, the sash-bars were cut approximately only toThel^»h•bar.-
their length, and in order that it might not be necessary to execute any carpen- the ground,
tering operation on the roof, it was requisite that they should be adjusted on the
ground, ready for fixing. An arrangement of circular saws, set at the angleb
requisite to cut the ends of the sash-bars to accord with the pitch at which they
would have to be presented for attachment to the ridges, served at once to cut a
large number passed between them to a perfectly uniform length, and to form the
necessary rebate for notching down upon the gutter edges.
To ensure the gimlet-holes necessary for nailing down the sash-bars being
made with perfect regularity, a row of five gouges were set in motion by a band
from an adjacent steam-engine, passing over a series of drums. The sash-bars,
placed at a proper angle to them, were moved along by boys, in the manner
shown in fig. 29, and presented to the points of the gou^, by the rapid revolu-
tion of which the necessary nail-holes were pierced.
Fig. 29.
It yet remained to paint these sash-bars, and even lor that pui|, . .«! the inge- Th* mKWne
nuity of Messrs. Fox and Henderson provided mechanical assistance. A number ■Mh-un.
of brushes were arranged in a firame, at right angles to one another, in such a
manner that their bristles would just admit of the passage between them of a sash-
bar. In a trough tilled with colour a number of sash-bars were immersed, and
one of them being lifted from it, loaded with colour, and presented to an aperture
at one end of the series of brushes, it was passed through them to a corresponding
aperture at the other end; by which process the whole of the superfluous paint
was removed, and the sash-bar drawn out as neatly painted as it could have been
by the workman's hand. This machine is represented in use in fig. 30.
78
CONSTRUCTION OF THE BUILDING.
Morticing ma-
cliine employed.
The mahiriK of
tile iflui.
To facilitate the putting together of the sash-frames and sasii-bars, considerable
use was made of a machine for making mortices and tenons, patented by Messrs.
FuRNESS & Co., of Liverpool.
While these various machines were busily operating in the preparation of the
necessary framework to receive the glass, Messrs. Chance Brothers & Co., of
Smethwick, near Birmingham, to whom the contract for its supply had been com-
mitted, were not less actively employed. The large size of the sheets required (4
feet 1 inch by 10 inches), and the extraordinarily short time within which the
Fig. 30.
Projri'M madv in
Iraminj; roof
trusses ;
by mear.a of
drilling, piiif'i-
in:^, and ciittin;:,
mdrliiiiee ;
immense quantity necessary had to be supplied, demanded the employment ol
numerous additional hands, and workmen had to be sought for from abroad to assist
in the completion of the order within the requisite time. The mode of manufac-
turing the description of glass employed is a great improvement on the old system
of crown-glass making ; as by it the variation of the substanc« occasioned by the
thickness of the glass, as it approaches the bull's-eye, is completely avoided. In
the manufacture of sheet glass, the workman, having taken up a lump of glass on
the end of his pipe, alternately blows, swings his ball of glass to and fro, and rolls
it upon a metal table until it assmnes the form of a long cylinder ; the ends being
then taken off, and the cylinder cut in the direction of its length, the sheet of
glass falls down, is flattened to a perfectly true face, and is then trimmed off and
finished.
During the preparation of the materials necessary to commence the construc-
tion of the Paxton roofing, active progress had been made in the framing of the
wrought-iron trusses requisite to span the central 72-feet nave, and the 48-feet
avenues on each side of it. A steam-engine of G-horse power gave motion to
drilling, punching, and cutting machines, represented in figs. 31 and 32. By
means of these, the necessary pieces of bar-iron were adjusted to their requisite
lengtlis. The holes for rivetting having been marked upon them with templates,
were punched out, and any larger perforations necessary for extra-sized rivets,
drilled. The various parts, thus prepared for combination, were then arranged
upon platforms, and the holes in the various portions being made to correspond,
CONSTRUCTION OP THE BUILDING.
77
the operation of rivetting was gone through. A row of temporary forges was By tivetting up,
constructed by the side of the platforms, and the red-hot riveta taken from them
were passed through the holes, and hammered by the workmen into their
requisite forms.
While these active preparations for the construction of the roofing were in pro- Thetateofdcii-
■>• t ' n 1 • • p \ 11 very of columnii,
gress, the daily supplies of castings of every d" Kinption were of the most abundant *c.
nature ; no less than 316 girders having been cast and supplied in one week. As
fast as the columns came upon the ground, they were taken to their places and
immediately fixed. Up to the 20th of September 77 columns had been supplied.
Figs. 31 and .12.
By the week ending the 25th of October, the average nimiber fixed per week
amounted to nearly 200, and that rate of supply was continued for several subse-
quent weeks.
The attention ot the contractors was next directed to the formation of the ""'« fommtion of
transept ribs. The choicest timber was selected for that purpose, and under the
careful superintendance of Mr. Fowler, their form was set out upon a platform
erected for the purpose, and the timbers for the first rib laid down. When the
rib thus commenced was completed, it was made to serve as a template for the
construction of a second ; and thus one was fitted upon the others, until the pile
had accumulated to four. Three of these having been then laid down in other
places, the remainder were constructed upon them in a similar manner.
As the preparations for putting together the main structure advanced, it was Tiie prosre«. of
requisite to form the necessary wooden columns, sashes, matched and beaded joKTork"
generally.
78
CONSTBUCrnON OF THE BUILDINO.
Tlic increnlni
inteniily oftM
work evidenced
by-
The numtier of
lundi employed.
Raitini{ of the
7:ian(r48-;eet
truMet ;
Facilltiea Tor the
al'ove.
The beginning of
I>ecemher the
time of the
rliniH of activity.
FmmlnK toKeihei
of the tranaept
lib* preparatory
tu raialnK.
boarding, louvre frames, &o., for the external enclosures. The vertical sashbars,
cut at the Phoenix saw-mills, were delivered by Mr. BiRCH in large quantities.
Sash-frames, also cut at the same mills, were supplied, and these were fitted toge-
ther by the contractor's carpenters, whose time and labour in forming mortices
and tenons was much economised by the employment of the machine before
alluded to, patented by Messrs. Fcrness & Co.
As supplies of the smaller castings necessa^ to complete the various portions
of the structure poured in, the work of erection and putting together proceeded
with wonderful rapidity. The progressive increase in the number of hands
employed affords a tolerable indication of the increasing intensity of the work : —
1850. In the week ending Sept. 6, 39 men were employed.
Oct. 4, 419 ,,
,, Nov. 1, 1,476 ,,
,, Dec. 6, 2,260 ,,
1851. ,, Jan. 3, 2,112
and from that time, until vrithin a month of the opening of the Exhibition, the
average number has rarely fallen below 2,000.
The task of raising to their places the 48 and 72-feet trusses, was accomplished
with great facility in the following manner : — A single mast was maintained in a
vertical position by ropes, similar to those described as steadying the shear-legs
used for hoisting the girders. From the sununit of this mast descended other
ropes, with blocks and pulleys, for the purpose of gaining power in lifting. What
is called a leading or guide-block, having been attached to the bottom of the mast,
a rope passing through it was connected with a yoke drawn by a horse. The
mast having been placed close alongside the line in which the roof-trusses had to
be fixed, and one end of a rope seemed to the truss, the draught of the horse
caused the truss- to ascend to the necessary height, being steadied in its ascent by
other ropes secured to its two ends.
When the truss thus hoisted was fixed in its resting place, the mast was moved
along a plank by means of crow-bars, being maintained in a perpendicular posi-
tion by the alternate slackening and tightening of the cords extending from its
head to stakes driven into the ground. Having thus been moved 24 feet, it was
ready for the operation of a second hoisting. Two of these great masts, fixed on
each side of the transept, were used daily, and in one day as many as seven of
the great 72-feet trusses have been raised to their proper position and secured,
the apparatus for elevating them having travelled in a vertical position no less
than 168 feet.
Towards the beginning of December the climajt of activity was arrived at, and
the most trying operation in the whole construction of the building commenced,
namely, the hoisting of the main ribs for the great transept roof. The easiest
and at the same time the most secure method of proceeding, with respect to the
conduct of this operation, had for some time occupied the attention of the con-
tractors. An ingenious suggestion, made to them by Mr. Wilbee, one of their
foremen, was at once adopted, and, with certain modifications, it was promptly
carried out.
The floor for the lead flat was already completed, so that an admirable stage was
prepared upon which to make the necessary arrangeirents. The ends of the column
into which it was designed to drop the ends of the ribs, rose about four feet above
w
CONSTRUCTION OF THE BUILDING.
79
the
the level of the lead flat, and on the tops of those columns timbers were laid,
forming landing stages or tram-ways, to receive the ribs when hoisted. It was
of course necessary to raise the ribs suflSciently high above the lead flat to enable
their ends to descend upon the tram-ways. To eflect this it was determined that
two ribs should be placed on end, at a distance of 24 feet from each other, and
framed together with purlins and diagonal ties, exactly as they would have to be
framed in their finished state. Two complete sets of additional temporary ties
were further introduced, to provide for the strain to which the ribs would neces-
sarily be exposed from their altered position in the act of hoisting. The feet of
the ribs were securely attached to stout pieces of timber, to afford the means of
safely attaching the cords by which they were to be raised. Thus framed together,
the ribs were moved on rollers to the centre of the square fonned by tiie inter-
section of the nave and transept.
On the extra strong trusses which have bean described as spanning the nave ^J'^;'"*''"
at this point, two pairs of shear-legs were fixed at 24 feet from one another, and
secured by ropes connecting them with distant portions of the building. These
hoisting shears consisted of two legs on each side of the transept, each leg being
formed of three stout scaffold polej lashed together at the top, and footed on
planks laid across the lead flat. The heads of these shear-legs inclining slightly
forwards, had connected with them blocks and pulleys from which descended
ropes, attached to the four ends of the two ribs. The hoisting ropes connected
with the sets of pulleys passed down from the shears to kading blocks, attached
to the four columns at the angles of the intersection of the nave and transept.
From these guide blocks they were led off diagonally to four powerful crabs, so
arranged that the gangs of men employed at each were placed opposite the end of
the rib acted upon by the crab they worked; and thus the foreman of each gang
was enabled so to regulate the exertions of his men as to make them correspond
with those of the remaining gangs, and to maintain the two ends on each side in
a perfectly horizontal plane.
As the diameter of the semicircular ribs exceeded the width of the transept by Raising.
their own thickness, it became necessary, in order that they might pass between
the trusses, to commence by raising two of their ends to a considerable height
from the groimd ; and to maintain their diameter at the same angle of inclination
until they were hoisted above the columns into which they had to drop. On
raising them to a height of about 65 feet from the ground, the highest ends were
drawn in a horizontal direction, so as to hang over a portion of the lead flats, and
thus room was left to allow the other ends to be lifted to a corresponding height
on the opposite side. The ribs were shifted slightly in a horizontal direction until
the ends came over the columns, they were then lowered down upon rollers
placed upon the tram-ways above mentioned, and by means of these rollers the
ribs were moved along to the furthest end of the transept. The place in the
centre of the building occupied by the ribs thus hoisted was immediately taken
by another pair, which were similarly connected, raised, and moved to within
24 feet of the first pair.
When the whole qf the ribs were thus elevated to their places, the spaces when raised, how
between them were filled up with the necessary intermediate ribs and connections ; *' ""^ '"' '
and thus the whole roof was framed together complete.
The raising of the main ribs commenced on the 4th of December, and the Time occuriea in
whole sixteen were fixed in one week. It occupied about an hour to raise a pair ""'"''
80
CONSTRUCTION OF THE BUILDINQ.
tnd number of
men leqiiiiwl.
Gbiing tlw
tnnnpt foor.
nitilng tlie na?*
roof.
Onitnietion of
gluing-
michine*;
How uw<l.
Quanllty of work
done.
Ktpii) nippl; of
•mall cutingi.
Celerity with
which the paint-
ing of the nave
roof wai exeeutedi
of ribs from the ground to the level of the lead flat, but the previous prepAra*
tions involved a much longer space of time. Eleven men worked at each crab,
and about 16 were employed on the lead flat, to guide the ribs in their ascent,
and see to the safe condition of the shear-legs and tackle. Considering the
anxious nature of this performance, it must be regarded as a most gratifying
circumstance, that the whole operation was accomplished without any untoward
occurrence.
No sooner had the skeleton of the transept roof been completed, than the work
of glazing commenced. For a considerable portion of the height of the curve,
ladders and temporary scaffolds enabled the workmen to proceed with their
labours; but in order to complete the upper part an ingenious box was con-
structed, moving on wheels in the line of the gutters. This box was lowered
down from the lead-flat at the summit to any portion of the roof.
The glazing of the nave roof presented formidable difliculties, from the great
extent of work to be got through in so short a space of time. The ingenuity ot
the contractors was, however, brought to bear upon the subject, and provisions
were made by them for the simultaneous glazing of large areas, entirely indepen-
dent of variations of weather. 76 machines were constructed, each capable of
accommodating two glaziers ; these machines consisted of a stage of deal about
8 feet square, with an opening in its centre sufficiently large to admit of boxes of
glass, and supplies of sash-bars, putty, &c., being hoisted through it. The
stage rested on four small wheels, travelling in the Paxton gutters, and spanned
a width consisting of one ridge and two sloping sides. In bad weather the
workmen were covered by an awning of canvas, stretched over hoops for their
protection.
In working, the men sat at the end of the platform next to whatever work had
been last done ; from which they pushed the stage backward sufficiently far to
allow them to insert a pane of glass, and as soon as that was completed they
moved again far enough to allow of the insertion of another. In this manner
each stage travelled uninterruptedly from the transept to the east and west ends
of the building. The dexterity acquired by the men in working the machines
was very remarkable. By means of them 80 men in one week put in upwards of
18,000 panes of glass, being not less than 62,600 feet superficial. The greatest
number of panes inserted by a man in one day was 108, being 367 feet 6 inches
of glazing. A somewhat similar machine has been constructed for the purpose of
effecting any repairs that may be necessary in the finished roof, with the differ-
ence that its wheels travel upon the ridges instead of in the gutters, and that of
course there is no aperture for the purpose of hoisting.
Taking into account the innumerable quantity of small castings requisite, and
the extreme rapidity with which they had to be supplied, their quality and clean-
ness is truly remarkable ; and the fact of their having all issued from one foundry,
that of the contractors at Smethwick, proves the great facility with which work
of that nature can be executed in England.
Among the later operations connected with the completion of the work, the
most remarkable for the celerity with which it was conducted, was the ornamental
painting of the nave roof Iron straps, attached to the trusses, supported a
niunber of scaffold poles, on which a perfect cloud of beards was laid, and as
many as between 400 and 500 painters, by these means, worked their way, with
extreme rapidity, from one end of the buUding to the other.
CONSTRUCTION OP THE BUILDING.
81
The magnitude of this great building elevated into serioua undertakinga matters tJ'J^,!','^^*"",'^
wlii' ': under ordinary circumstances, are accounted little more than trilles. ra«k«ti»ijJiury
Heticc machinery was applied to the formation of the entire length of hand-rail
required for the galleries. In fig. 33 is represented a set of cutters (A tig. 33),
by exposure to the rapid revolution of which, roughly-sliapod strips of mahogany
were instantaneously converted into smooth and cleanly rounded hand-rails (B
fig. 33). A little sand-paper and French-polish sufficed to bring them to their
present excellent condition.
Fig. 33.
In summing up the description of any great engineering undertaking, it is too "^'"y °'
often a painful task to have to record the loss of life so frequently involved.
Considering the difficulties of construction, the necessary perils to which the
workmen were exposed, and their habitual imprudence, arising, partly, from real
indifiercnco to danger, and partly from bravado, it has been a source of congratu-
lation that, in the performance of this contract, but very few accidents hu^e
occurred, and those, with two or tluee exceptions, of a slight nature.
Having now brought to a close ova description of the building as it exists, an'^ conoiiuion.
of the processes by which its existence has been developed, it remains only to
reiterate oiu: conviction that the courage, energy, and strength represented by its
construction shoidd be regarded by every Englishman with emotions conducive to
some yet higher manifestation of national capability ; and at the same time to
express a hope that the products of British industry (of which the building is but
the shrine), may display, in a yet liigher degree and in a yet more tangible and
varied form, the sources of Commercial Power, so many indications of which it
haa been our happy privilege to trace in the edifice itself.
M. DiODY Wyatt.
[ 82 ]
SCIENTIFIC REVISION AND PREPARATION OF
THE CATALOGUE.
Rolilblinrftlie
■lit lion.
Puruiui rireiim- Tug oircumstaiices under which thia work is published appear to call for some
•tancm of pro- , t t n • i«ti !/• i'»>i
iiurtion or Cite- observations upon the method of its production. From the fact that it is without
I0UU6 '' '
n precedent in the annals of literature, it follows that its preparation and pub-
lication have been attended with peculiar, because unforeseen, difficulties. All
those obstacles in the way of its completion which would necessarily develop
themselves from the remarkable manner in which its contents have been created,
and from the want of a guiding experience in the publication of works of this
nature, have been contended with in its progress to a perfect state. The follow-
ing may be considered as an outline of the manner in which the materials for
the construction of this volume were collected, and of the system adopted to
reduce them to a definite form, and as far as possible to a certain degree of
consistency of expression and of harmony of proportion.
It is not the least remarkable fact in connection with the Great Exhibition,
that the Catalogue may be really regarded as the production of many thousands of
authors, — represented by exhibitors themselves. By a decision of the Executive
Committee, every exhibitor was required, prior to the reception of his articles at
the Building, to have filled up a certain printed form, containing a description
of his productions in the English language, accompanied with such general observ-
ations as might be suggested by the peculiar character of the things described and
intended for exhibition. These forms, which were to be to the Catalogue what
the MS, of an author is to his proposed work, were framed with care, and were
accompanied with instructions for filling them up, which suggested those points
on which interesting or important information might be supplied, together with
the descriptive account. There were four varieties, each appropriated to one of
the four great sections of Raw Materials, Machinery, Manufactures, and Fine
Arts. The essential characters of these forms were similar in each section, but the
instructions for filling them up differed necessarily with the peculiar differences
suggested by each section. The subjoined form represents that used in sending
in descriptions of machinery, and is a type of those used in the other sections : —
CtUlogna rorm.
List of Jrti.^lcs of Machinery to be exhibited by
Exhibitor's Suraame.
_Country.
Ckriation Name.
Address, stating nuarost Post Town.
Capacity in which the Exhibitor appears, whether as Producer, Importer,
Manufacturer, Dcnijiier, Iiwcntur, or Proprietor,
SCIENTIFIC nEViaiON AND PREPARATION OP THE CATALOGUE,
83
In order to facilitate their classiBcation on being returned by exhibitors, the IjJ^***"'"' "'
forms in the four different sections wore printed in black, blue, rod, and yellow,
the latter applying to sculpture and fine art, the former to raw materials, and the
intermediate ones respectively to machinery and manufactures. Every exhibitor
was required to send in one of these forms, accompanied with a duplicate in
every respect similar to it, and in so doing was supplied with a " receipt for
catalogue forms," which was a guarantee for the reception of his goods into tliu
Building. A very large number of these forms were printed and supplied tu
Local Committees, and to all exhibitors who applied for them. The instructions
for filling them up were oa follows : —
BULES FOR COHPIUNO THE CaTALOOUE.
The Executive Committee are dcsirouo of improssing upon Exhibitors that the formation of
the Catalogue which, however great may bo itH bullc, inuHt iicceasarily bo compiled and printed
in a very short time, will Iw much facilitated, if Kxhibitorn will have the kindiicHg to follow
the rules hereuiafter proHcribed when they funiish the descriptions of the Articles as thoy wish
them to apiioar in the Catalogue.
1. Every Exhibitor should write the description of overv Article or sericB of Articles he Hui« fi* com-
exhibits, on paper of the same size as the present page (namely, about 13 inches by 8 inches). K*',' ","/"""" '""
The pa]X!r must be written on one tide only. There should be a margin of one inch at the left ' """''''
side of the page.
2. Should the description extend beyond a single page, each separate page must bo marked
with the Exhibitor's name, and numbered consecutively, both at the head and foot.
3. To prevent errors in compilation and misprinting, it is desirable the handwriting should
be very clear, esiiccial care being taken with all names and technical terms.
4. It is indisi>ensable that each Exiiibitor should furnish the following {mrticulars, and in
the exact order prescribed : —
I Exhibitor's surname .... Christian name.
II Country Address, stating the nearest Post Town.
Ill Capacity in which the Exhibitor appears, whether as Producer, Importer,
Manufacturer, Designer, Inventor, or Proprietor.
IV. The name and description of every Article of importance or class of Articles exhibited ;
each Article or Class beginning a separate paragraph, e, g, —
a Specimens of dyed Cottons, &c.
b Specimens of dyed Silks, &c.
6. It is necessary that the descriptions of the Articles should set forth, as far as may bo
practicable, the following particulars :—
In Section 2. Machinebt, the descriptions R*w MHi(>ri*ls
should specify — »>"• Machinery.
a The uses.
b The novelty, if any, in the invention.
c Superiority of execution.
d Increased efficiency or economy.
« The importance of the Article in a social
or other point of view.
/ The place where produced.
<j Whether the Article is patented or not.
A Where price is an element for considera-
tion, the price at which the producer
can sell the Article.
I Any particular features which the Exhi-
bitor desires to be noticed by the Jury.
In Section 3. Manufactures, thedescriptions Manuhcture.^.
should specify —
a The uses.
6 The novelty,
c Superiority of execution.
({ Improved forms or ari-ongements.
e Increased efficiency or economy.
/ New use of known Materials.
1} Use of new Materials.
h New combinations of Materials.
t Inipoi-tnnce of the Article in a Huciul or
other point of view.
As respects Articles to be exhibited
In Section 1. Raw Materials and Pro-
cesses, the descriptions should specify —
a The commercial name in English, French,
and German.
b The scientific name.
c The place where obtained ; the name of
. S the mines and period they have been
worked, should be given with minerals.
U (i The place where exported.
e The uses.
/ The consumption.
g The superior excellence of the particular
Specimens.
h In the cose of processes, such as dyes, or
prepared materials, such as mixed
metals; it should be stated whether
the Article is patented or not. The
novelty and importance of the prepared
product, and the superior skill and in-
genuity manifested in the process of
preparation should also be very briefly
pointed out.
»■ Where price is on element for considera-
tion, the price at which the importer
oi' producer can sell the Article.
j Any particular features wliich the Exhi-
bitor desires to be noticed by the Jury.
S4
SCIKNTIKIC nKVtSIOV AND PUEPAnATIOV OF TIIK CATALOOUR.
Kin'- ^r«•.
i Tliu plnoo .' |ilitoog where manufneturetl.
k Whetliiir tlio Miuiufliottira in pateiitad;
whothur the ileaign U reKintured,
/ When) price i* an elemout for oouaiden-
tion, the price nt which thu importer
or iimniifacturer can tell the Article,
. m Any itai'tiuiiliu' featuroi which the Kshi-
bitor (luairuii tu Iw uoticu<t by the Jury,
In SicnoN 4. Fine Ami, Moniui, Scitlp-
TVHB, and ri.AiTir Art, the deioriptiuni
should ajMoify —
a The name of the Artlit or Deaigner, if
the eame ihould not be the Exhibitor,
llliiitrallom.
6 Ttie UMe,
0 The novelty in deaign or treatment.
<( 8u|M)riority of execution,
« New uae of known Material!,
/ Uae of new materiala.
ff New combination of Material!.
A Improvemunta in itroceMwa of pnxtuction,
i The place where the Article wna mode,
j If the Article la re|>o*ted in quantitiea for
trade, the price at which it ia aold by
the Prmliicer ahould be atatmi,
k Any imrtioular foaturoa which the Exhi-
bitor deairea ahould be noticed by th«
Jurj-,
fl. Exhibitors arc roquirml tu make their doscriptionH brief, and to oonflno tliem at mnch aa
poaslblo tu TactR.
7. Two CopiBB, in the Kngiinh LanRiinfto, of the Exhibitor's doMriptions, both being
nrcciaelv alike, miut be fumiHiied bofure thu Articles can be permitted to enter the nuilding.
If an Lxhibitor's Articles are ucnt in several packages, the list should indicate the contents of
each soiiaralo imcko^e.
8. Iler Majesty's Commissioners have consented to allow Illustrations of Articles exhibited
to l)u inscrteii in the lar);o Catalogue, after approval by the Executive Committee. Exhibitors
desirous to avail thcnisolves of this i)rivilego must communicate their intention of providing
the Illustrations, and state their character, whether Engraving on Wood, on Htcol, or Litho-
graphy. Coummnications are to bo addressed to the Executive Committee, at the Building for
the Exhibition, Hyde I'ork, London, marked on the outside, " CATAi.o«uii."
0. Exhibitors who may desire that their names and the descriptions of their productions
should ap|)car in any French and German Editions of the Catalogue which may be authorized,
are requested to furnish at the same time with the two Enyliah Copies, a French and Qerman
translation of the descriptions, made out in all respects as before prescribed.
That a careful attention to these instructions would have developed a vast
amount of most valuable and interesting knowledge^ con scarcely be questioned ;
and that in a considerable proportion of eases such has been the restdt, will appear
Attnition paid to On examination of the contents of this volume. Tliat such a degree of attention
waa not universal is only what was to have been expected, both in consequence
of the pressure of time under which many exhibitors laboured, and also from the
fact that a large proportion, occupied in exclusively industrial pursuits, were
imused to literary composition. The forms, with their duplicates, on being filled
up, were transmitted to the Executive Committee ; the duplicate being retained
by the Executive, the other copy was placed in the compilers' hands.
The first step in preparing these forms for the press was their arrangement
into classes corresponding to the thirty divisions decided upon by the Executive.
The number and variety of objects embraced by the returned forms rendered this
a tedious and difficult task. On its being effected, the forms remained to be
examined, and put into such a state as to satisfy the requirements of the printer.
They were consequently read, ond as far as possible thrown into that state of
connection of parts, and removal of superfluous material, which might enable
them to be set up in a convenient form in type.
Although much had been by these means eflccted in the preparation of the
' material of the catalogues, the most important part of the labour involved, prior
to its assuming its present form, remained to be accomplished. The scientific and
seientiAcKTition technical inaccuracies of a large proportion of the returned forms, together with
and conecUon, , , ,. • i i . , . . .
their uterary reconstruction rendered in a large proportion of cases absolutely
necessary, demanded attentive revision and correction. Several considerations
rendered this extremely difficult. Among these were the shortness of the period
absolutely allotted for the completion of the work, the impossibility of verifying
the descriptions given with the objects of which they treated, and the immense
variety of subjects comprehended by the Exhibition itself, and necessarily described
HhI««.
Pint atafie of
preparation for
prInlinK.
SCIENTIFIC HKVIHIOX AND PREI'AKATION OP THK CATALOQUK.
85
in thoso forms in a manner in many instances moro or loss imperfect. The
occasion colled ibr a largo amount of peculiar knowlodgo— of knowledge not to bo
gained by study, but taugbt by industrial experience, in addition to tliat higher
knowledge, the teaching of natural and experimental philosophy. To meet theso
requirements the following plans were devised, and carriotl into operation. A PUm Miopini.
number of scientific gentlemen gave thoir consent to undertake the revision and
correction of proofs of the returned foriiu in their peculiar departments, with a
view to remove from them tliose enc-rH wliich might present themselves, and to
supply what might appear rcquiflito to give prominence to their really important
features. In addition to this it appeared odvisablo, as critical observations wero
necessarily iiuidmissible, to relievo the t'''lium of mere dc§cription, and to assist
in pointing out tho leading features of interest in the objects liesorilxid, or in
direct relation with them, by appending, as tho subjects of the proofs suggested,
such brief annotations as might appear best calculated to effect these objects.
As a certain degree of harmony of procedure was considered absolutely neccs- aiguMiion. mio
., . ., , . ■,. p»lnclpl« of
sary, in order to give a consistent character to such cuiicctions and annotations, comeiion tmi
supplied as they would be from a variety of sources, a few suggestions of certain
general principles were adopted, and as far as possible acted upon. It is not
necessary to reproduce the whole ol' these suggestions in their original form ; but
since it is important that exhibitors should bo informed of the principles which,
to a great extent, guided and determined the corrections and annotations which
are found in this work, they are hero subjoined. Attention is particularly
directed to suggestion 5, under tho head annotations, by which it will bo per-
ceived that the character of critical notices has been strictly excluded from tho
annotations appended to tho descriptions in this work.
1. Corrections, Theso will bo chiefly of tho fullowing kind :— Cumrtion*.
1. To correct in a general way any obvious tyijographical inaccuracies.
2. To correct with care all technical and Hciontifio errors in names, (ilaces, and things.
3. Occasionally, if time permit, to recast badly composed sentences or expressions.
4. To delete rddundancies and self-laudatory terms, or expressions that could in any
way bo so constmod, or critical and extraneous statements.
2. Annotation, Many of tho proofs will undoubtedly suggest intercstinj^ elucidatory notes. Annoiaiion*.
As it is desirable that tho same notes should not bo repcatc<l, the information which, under other
circumstances, or in a volume of a different kind, it would be well to present in a mass, may bo
conveniently subdivided, and a portion api)ended to tho most appropriate proofs on tho subject
to which it refers. Thus, for a vegetable or animal pro<luct, a line or two as to its history
might bo attached to one proof, a note upon the natural order or tribe yiekling it to another,
the uses to a third, tho commercial importance, &c,, to a fourth, &c. In the selection of proofs fur
annotation, those of course will be i)referred which are in themselves the most interesting and
suggestive. It is considereil desirable that these notes should as far as possible partake of tho
following characters :—
1. To be 08 short, clear, and definite as possible, Clianetpr or.
2. To have reference, as far as may be, if the article can-i't bo seen —
a. To tho article as described by tho Exhibitor.
6. To its uses, history, consumption, production, &c. (P . ' leniorandum for
tho instruction of Exhibitors in preparing tho descript' is cottained in forms
for tho Catalogue.)
3. To be of the following average length —
a. Articles of jyrimary importance, as, for example, "cotton," "iron," "steom-
engine," and such like, eight or ten lines,
ft. Articles of secondary importance, four and three lines.
4. The same annotations not to be repeated or appended to more than one proof.
5. Obsekvations of a critical chabactek, in eitheb sense of that T£uh, abb
inauhissidle.
So soon as the work actually commenced, a mechanical difficulty of no common r)imruiiie. atien-
proportions presented itself. On the distribution of proofs for the purpose of »'"*j,«""™of
annotation and correction, they were necessarily cut up into separate portions.
86
SCIENTIFIC REVISION AND PREPAKATION OP THE CATALOGUE
of proofs.
Teclinological
mislranslntions.
which had destinations as far distant ns Germany and remote parts of the
United Kingdom, whither they were despatched for the purpose of ensuring
their scientific and technical accuracy. Many thousand proofs were thus scat-
tered in various directions, yet all were required to be gathered together again,
and arranged precisely in the same form and order as that assumed prior to their
dispersion. Some of these proofs were not more than three inches long, and not
broader tlian a narrow ribbon, containing only two or three lines ; the difficulty
of determining and immediately affixing the proper place of such a minute strip
in a work of such magnitude as the present, seemed to be great. A simple
method of ascertaining not merely the place in the catalogue, but its entire
history, its destination, annotator, and return was, however, contrived, and the
Record of history history of cvcry proof has thus been accurately recorded. The information thus
obtained, was so accurate and precise, that on the temporary delay of very small
proofs, their original destination was instantly discovered, together with the date
of transmission, and the name of the annotator to whom they had been sent.
Much punctuality characterized the return of the dismembered portions of this
large volume. Had not such been the case, the original plan of scientific and
technical revision could not have been persisted in. As a general rule, it was
considered advisable to limit annotations to an average of eight or ten lines in
length ; but in certain instances, where peculiar technical, local, or scientific
information has been available, this rule has been to a very considerable extent
departed from.
The language of the arts among various nations has always been regarded as of
extreme difficulty in translation. A considerable portion of this work is neces-
sarily written in this language, and it is therefore to be expected that, notwith-
standing the precautions employed, errors of description may occur in those
parts of it which describe the productions of foreign exhibitors. It is requested
that these may be pointed out. In a number of instances technical terms have
been explained by notes. As far as it was possible foreign weights and measures
have been converted into English.
The mottoes on the title-pages of this work were selected and placed by His
Royal Highness Prince Aluekt.
There is a peculiar feature in this Catalogue to which attention requires to be
directed. This is the fact, that it embodies to a large extent the science of
commerce. An attempt has been made here to convert the changing and inaccu-
rate conventional terms of trade into the precise and enduring expressions of
science. In classes 1 to 4 of the Exhibition, are contained specimens of a vast
proportion of the raw materials upon which human industry daily operates through-
out tlie world. In the majority of the descriptions of the articles exliibited in these
four classes, will be found the commercial names of the materials, together with their
scientific equivalents. As an instance, may be mentioned the wootls enipk)yed
for furniture, which are enumerated, with their coimnercial names, their Latin
names, tlieir native habitats, and the uses to which they are applicable. In tlic
present cditioi\ of this work, prepared as it has necessarily been under highly
unfavourable circumstances as to accuracy and correction, this attempt may not
be as successful as in future editions ; but such arrangements are made in order
to obtain this important and valuable result, as will render future editions of this
Catalogue jjernnuiently valuable in this respect, not only to the naturalist, but
also to commercial men. That this feature of the Catalogue will not be without
Motto«d selected
by Prince AUwrt,
CataloijiH' vahi-
(ilite lis ilitistra
live of tin* sci-
ence of trades.
3UE
parts of the
I of ensuring
;re thus scat-
•ffether again,
prior to their
ong, and not
the difficulty
minute strip
t. A simple
mt its entire
vcd, and the
rmation thus
f very small
nth the date
i been sent,
tions of this
cientific and
rule, it was
ten lines in
or scientific
rable extent
garded as of
rk is neces-
lat, notwith-
ur in those
is requested
terms have
ad measures
ced by His
quires to be
I science of
and inaccu-
prcssions of
IS of a vast
tes through-
ted in these
r with their
3 employed
their Latin
e. In the
dcr highly
pt may not
le in order
ous of this
uralist, but
be without
SCIENTIFIC REVISION AND PREPARATION OF THE CATALOaUE.
87
its fruit in the promotion of the objects of industry, may be expeoted from the
knowledge of the fact, that hitherto, in consequence of the absence of such
information in a collected form, the greatest difficulties have been experienced by
commercial men in their endeavours to introduce into trade any new material of
industrial importance, or to obtain adequate supplies of materids already known,
but known under a variety of changing, local, and unintelligible terms. In the
seventeenth century, Robert Boyle perceived the important results likely to
arise from the " "aturalist's insight into trades." It may be hoped that such
results will now i t fail of tlieir accomplishment.
The smaller Catalogue is an abstract of the present work. It was prepared by ^.'J'^f^^,
condensing the revised and corrected slips forming the Illustrated Catalogue
For economy of space it was necessary to confine the descriptions in that work
to an average length of three or four lines.
On the first announcement of a Descriptive C^italogue, erroneous ideas as to its
size prevailed, to so large an extent as to lead to the fear that a sufficiency of
type of the kind required could scarcely be obtained within the necessai-y time.
Statements appeared which gave birth to the opinion that such a work could not
be contained in less than ten volumes of eight hundred pages each ; and for a
considerable time it appeared probable that more than three such volumes would S'^-
be required to complete this record of universal industry. It was soon rendered
apparent that the estimates thus formed were incorrect. The articles contributed
by a number of exhibitors — as in textile manufactures — were of a kind which
did not udmit of descriptions at length; and the returned forms of such articles
were generally received written in the customary abbreviated language of
commerce. In cases of another kind, where descriptions of greater length were
not only admissible but desirable, economy of space has been obtained by the
adoption of a condensed style. The Descriptive Catalogue has thus been reduced,
notwithstanding the addition of annotations, to a convenient size.
That a work produced under the circumstances in which this Catalogue
appears should contain inaccuracies, can less be cause of surprise than would its
complete accuracy. One of the greatest obstacles to its correctness has been the
incessant necessity for alterations of place and insertions of fresh material. In
its preparation, however, an attempt has been made to communicate to it a value
enduring beyond that of the occasion of its production. The vast and wonderful
accumulation of the products of human industry, of which it professes to be the y^™"
exponent, is gathered only for a time. The intention of this Great Collection
accomplished and its objects realized, the industrial store must be again scattered
among the nations contributing to the gathering. But this record of the history
of the Great Exhibition must endure beyond the duration of the Exhibition itself.
May it remain to indicate to other times the successful accomplishment of the
greatest conception of our own, and the favour of the Divine Providence effecting
that result.
Robert Ellis.
Permaneat
[ 88 ]
ANNOTATORS OF THE CATALOGUE.
ProfcMor Owen, F.RS.
Baron Justus Liebio, F.R.S.
Professor Lindlet, F.RS.
Profedsor FoRBES ROTLE, F.R.S.
ProfeMor Bell, F.R.S., Sec. R.S.
Profeiwor E. FORBES, F.R.S.
Professor Ansted, F.R.S.
Professor Hosking.
Professor A. De Morgan, M.A.
Philip Pusey, M.P, F.R.S.
Rev. J. Barlow, F.R.S.
Rev. J. Booth, F.R.S.
Capt. L. L. BoscAWEN Ibbetson, F.R.S.
James Glaisher, F.R.S.
J. E. Gbay. F.R.S.
Robert Hunt, Keeper of Mining Records.
Robert Ellis, F.L.S.
Samuel Cleoo, Jun., F.O.S.
W. De La Rue, F.R.S.
J, Sfuboin, M.D.
John Wilson, F.R.S.E.
Henry Dibdin.
W. C. AlTKEN.
H. Maudslay, C.E.
Robert Hendrie, Jun.
J. A. NiCHOLAY.
I
Official Revision and Sanction for Publication by Lieut.-CoIouel J. A. Llovd, F.R.S.
Scientific Revision and Preparation hj Robert Ellis, F.L.S.
Historical Introduction by Henry Cole.
Constniction of the Building by M. DiUBY Wyatt, C.E., F.R.I.B.A.
Classification of Subjects in the Thirty Classes into which the Exhibition is divided
by nr. Lyon Playfaib, F.R.S.
Compilation nnd Preparation of the Abridged Catalogue by G. W. Yapp.
Technical information and assistance have also been rendered by Mr. G. Taylor, Mi. T. Batta:^!,
Professor Wallace, M.A., Mr. C. Toulinson. Mr. John Graham, Mr. E. H. Denison, and other
Gentlemen. Much valuable information and assistance have also been kindly furnished by the Royal Com-
missioners for several of the Foi-eign States exhibiting. Their contributions have been inserted partly in
the form of notes, and occasionally in that of n short introduction.
[ 89 ]
CLASSIFICATION OF SUBJECTS IN THE THIRTY CLASSES INTO WHICH
THE EXHIBITION IS DIVIDED.
Clam. RAW MATERIALS.
I. Mining, Quarrying, Metallurgical Operations, and Mineral Products.
II. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Processes and Products generally.
III. Substances used for Food.
IV. Vegetable and Animal Substances, chiefly used in Manufactures, as Implements, or for Ornament.
MACHINERY.
V. Machines for direct use, including Carriages and Railway and Naval Mechanism.
VI. Manufacturing Machines and Tools.
VII. Civil Engineering, Architectural, and Building Contrivances.
VIII. Naval Architecture and Military Engineering ; Ordnance, Armour, and Accoutrements.
IX. Agricultural and Horticultural Machines and Implements.
X. Philosophical Instruments and Processes depending upon their use| Musical, Horological, and
Surgical Instruments.
MANUFACTURES.
XI. Cotton.
XII. Woollen and Worsted.
XIII. Silk and Velvet.
XIV. Manufactures from Flax and Hemp.
XV. Mixed Fabrics, including Shawls, but exclusive of Worsted Goods (Class XII.).
XVI. Leather, including Saddlery and Harness, Skins, Fur, Feathers, and Hair.
XVII. Paper and Stationery, Printing and Bookbinding.
XVIII. Woven, Spun, Felted, and laid Fabrics, when shown as specimens of Printing or Dyeing.
XIX. Tapestry, including Carpets and Floor-cloths, Lace and Embroidery, Fancy and Industrial Works.
XX. Articles of Clothing for inmiediate personal or domestic use.
; XXI. Cutlery and Edge Tools.
XXII. Iron and General Hardware. •
XXIII. Working in precious Metals, and in their imitation. Jewellery, and all articles of Virtu and Luxury,
not included in all other Classes.
XXIV. Glass.
XXV. Ceramic Manufactures, China, Porcelain, Earthenware, &c.
XXVI. Decoration Furniture and Upholstery, including Paper-hangings, Papier Machd, and Japanned
Goods.
XXVII. Manufactures in Mineral Substances, used for building or decoration, as in Marble, Slate, Porphyries,
Cements, Artificial Stones, &-c.
XXVIII. Manufactures from Animal and Vegetable Substances, not being Woven or Felted, or included in
other Sections.
XXIX. Miscellaneous Manufactures and Small Wares.
FINE ARTS.
XXX. Sculpture, Models, and Plastic Art.
n
90
CLASSIFICATION OP SUBJECTS IN THE THIRTY CLASSES
I. Mining, Quairying, MetaUurgiral Operations,
and Mineral Products.
A. Mining and Quarryino Operations.
1. Quarries and open workings.
2. Streaming; wMhing alluvial deposits.
3. Mines worked on the lodo.
a. Sinking of shafts.
h. CutUng adits,
c. Driving levels.
4. Mines worked on the bed.
a. Sinking shafts.
h. Driving levels,
c. Cutting stalls or headings.
.V Salt deposits.
6. Ventilation; Safety I^mps, and other modes of
Lighting.
7. Methods of raising Men, Ore, and Water.
a. Kaising Ore.
b. Lowering and raising Miners.
c. Draining.
B. Geouxjicai. Maps, Plans, and Sections.
C. Ores and Metalluruical Operations.
1. Ores and the Methods of dressing and rendering Ores
merchantable.
a. Ores of the more common Metals, as of Iron,
Copper, Zinc, Tin, Lead.
h. Native Metals, as Gold, Silver, Copper, &o.
c. Ores u8C(i for various purposes, without reduc-
tion, as Peroxide of Manganese, &c.
2. Methods of roasting, smelting, or otherwise reducing
Ores.
a. The common Metals, as Iron, Copper, Zinc, Tin,
Load.
h. The Metals more generally used In combination,
as Antimony, Arsenic, Bismuth, Cadmium, Co-
balt, Nickel, &c.
3. Methods of preparing for use the nobler Metals, as
Gold, Silver, Mercury, Palladium, Platinum, &c.
4. Adaptation of SIctals to special purposes.
a. Metals in various Chemical states, as Iron in the
condition of Cost and Malleable Iron, Steel,
&c.
6. Metals In their progress to finished Manufac-
tures, as Pigs and Ingots, Sheets, Bars, Wires,
&c.
5. Alloys, and methods of rendering more generally
useful Metals and their alloys—
a. Statuary, Bronze, Gun, Bell, and Speculum Me-
tals.
b. Brass, and alloys used as a substitute for it.
c. White alloys, as Britannia Metal, German Silver,
Pewter, &c.
d. Type, Sheathing Metals, and other alloys.
D. Non-Metallic Mineral Pkodlcts.
1. Minerals used as Fuel —
a. All kinds of Coal and derived products.
b. Lignite and Peat „ „
c. Bituminous bodies and native Naphtha.
2. Massive Minerals used in construction.
a. For purposes of construction generally —
Siliceous or Calcareous Free Stones and Flags.
Granites, porphyritic and basaltic Itocks.
Slates.
b. For purposes of Ornament, Decoration, and the
Fine Arts-
Marbles.
Alabaster, Spar, &c.
Serpentine and other hard rocks susceptible of
high polish.
c. Cements ond Artificial Stones —
Calcareous and Hydraulic Cements.
Puzzuolanas, Trass, &c.
Gyjwum for plaster.
Artificial Stones.
3. Minerals used in the manufacture of Pottery and
Gloss —
Sands, Limestones, &c., for Glass-making.
Various Clays and felspatliic Minerals, as those
used for Bricks, Tiles, and various kinds of Pot-
tery and Porcelain.
Siliceous, Calcareous, and other Minerals, used in
I'lastic Arts.
4 Minerals used for personal Ornaments, or for Me-
chanical and Scientific purposes.
a. Gemii and Precious Stones,
b. Models of Minerals and Crystals, &c.
c. Collections of Minerals for scientific or educa-
tional use,
5. Minerals used in various Arts and Manufactures.
a. Simple bodies or compounds containing the Al-
kalis or Alkaline Karths—
Those used principally for culinary purposes or
for Medicine, as Salt, Mineral Waters, &c.
Those used in various manufactures, as Sulphnr,
Borax, &c.
b. Earthy and semi-crystalline Minerals.
Minerals used for grinding and polishing, os
Grindstones, Honestones, Emery, &c.
Lithographic Stones, Drawing Chalks, and
Slate Pencils.
Graphite.
Earthy and other Minerals used as pigments,
or for staining, dyeing, and colouring.
Various Minerals used in Manufactures; as
Alum Schist, Fuller's Earth, French Chalk,
Casting Sands, &o.
6. Soils and Mineral Maniu:es.
II.
Chemical and Pharmaceutical Processes and Pro-
ducts generally.
A. Chemical Substances used in Manufacture.
1. From the Mineral Kingdom.
a. Non-metallic substances.
Those used principally in their elementary
state, as Sulphur, Phosphorus, &c.
Acids, as Sulphuric, Muriatic, Nitric, Boracic,
&c.
Miscellaneous Manufactures, as Sulphuret of
Carbon, Chloride of Suli)hur, &c,
6, Alkalies, Earths, and their compounds.
Alkalies and their Alkaline Salts, as Soda, Pot-
ash, Ammonia, and the Carbonates, &o.
Neutral ^alts of the Alkalies, as Sulphate, Ni-
trate of Soda, Saltpetre, Borax, &c.
Earths and their compounds, as Lime, Mag-
nesia, Barytes, Strontia, Alumina, &c.
c. The compounds of Metals proper, as Salts of
Iron, Copper, Lead, &c.
d. Mixed Chemical Manufactures, as Prussiate of
Potash, &c.
2. From the Organic Kingdom, and not included in
Sections III. and IV.
3. Manufactured Pigments, Dyes, and miscellaneous
Chemical Manufactures. (See also Section IV.)
a. Pigments employed in House Decoration, and
for colouring Woods.
b. Pigments used for Textile Fabrics.
c. Pigments used for Paper Hangings, and for
felted and laid Fabrics generally.
d. Artists' Colours.
e. Miscellaneous ('hemical Manufactures.
B. Barer Chemical Substances, manufactured cniEFLV
FOR THE I'SE OF THE SclE.NTIFIC ClIEMIST.
1. From Substances of the Mineral Kingdom. .
2. ,, Vegetable ,,
3. , , Animal , ,
C. Chemical Substances used in Medicine and in Piiab-
macy.
\. From the Mineral Kingdom.
a. Non-metallic substances and their compounds.
6. Alkalies, Earths, and their compounds.
c. Metallic Preparations.
2. From the Vegotoble Kingdom, when shown for
Pharmaceutical purposes. (See also Sections III.
and IV.)
a. Vegetable Infusions, Decoctions, and Solutions,
clear or saccharine,
6. Tinctures.
c. Extracts and Inspissated Juices.
d. Resins, Gum Kesius, and Oleo Resins and
Balsams.
Aloes, &c.
Gums as .Vcacia, Tragacanth, &c.
r.sscntir.l Oils, Cnjeput, Savine, Turpentine, &c.
h. Fixed Oils, as Castor, Croton, Almond, t)live, &c.
I. Vegetablo parts, as leaves of Digitalis, Hemlock,
roots of Jalap, Ipecacuanha, &c.
j. Barks as imiK>rtcd, Cinchona, Cascorillo, Cus-
l>arin, &c.
«.
tL
INTO WHICH THE EXHIBITION IS DIVIDED.
91
ir«,M Sulphur,
igs, and for
k. Tegcto-AlkalicB, their Salts and other Crystalline
principles of medicinal substances.
/. Vegetable Acids,
m. Miscellaneous Compounds.
3. From the Animal Kingdom.
a. Cod-liver and other Animal Gila for internal or
external application.
b. Unguents of Spermaceti, Lard, Oil, and combina-
tions of them.
c. Antispasmodics, as Musk, Castorcum, Civet, Am-
bergris, &c.
d. Phospnorus, Ammonia, and their products,
ff. Irritants, as Cantharides.
f. Antacids, as Crabs'-eyes, Calcareous concretions
of the Craw-flsh, Cuttle-bone, &c.
III. Substances used as Food,
VEGETABLE KINGDOM.
A. AoRiCDi/ruRAi. Produce — Cereals, Pulses, Oil, Seeds,
ETC.
1. Common European Cereals.
2. Cereals more rarely cultivated in Europe,
n. Millet and other small Grains used as food.
4. Pulses and Cattle Food.
5. Grasses, Fodder Plants, and Agricultural Roots.
6. The Flours or preparations of the above classes.
7. Oil Seeds and their Cakes.
8. Hops and other aromatic plants used for like pur-
poses.
B. Dried Fruit and Seeds.
1 . Raisins, Currants, Figs, Plums, Cherries, Apricots, &o.
2. Dates, Tamarinds, Dried Bananas, &c.
3. Almonds, Chesnuts, Walnuts, &c.
4. Cocoa-nuts, &c.
C. Substances used in the preparation op Drinks.
1. Real Teas of all kinds.
2. Substitute for Teas, as Paraguay, Arabian, Ben-
coolin, &c.
3. Coffee of all kinds, and Cocoa Seeds and Nibs.
4. Various substances, as Chicory Roots, Amande de
Terre, Guarana Bread, &c.
D. Intoxicatino Djhjgs, Fermented Liquors, and Dis-
tilled Spirits from unusual Sources.
1. Fermented Liquors and Spirits from unusual sources.
2. Tobacco.
3. Opium.
4. Hemp, and other Intoxicating Drugs.
E. Spices and Condiments.
1. Cinnamon, Caesia, and their substitutes.
2. Nutmegs und Mace ; Cloves and Cassia Buds.
3. Peppers, Capsicum, Mustard, Vanilla, Pimento, Car-
damums, &c.
4. Ginger, Turmeric, &c.
F. Starch Series.
1. Starches of all kinds prepared from Wheat, Rice,
Potatoes, Maize, &c.
2. Arrowroots of all kinds. Tons les Mois.
3. Sagop Iiuiii the Palms, Cassava, Tapioca, &c.
4. Lichens of all kinds.
5. Other Starchy Substances, as Portland Sago from
Arum Maculatum, and from various like plants.
G. ScoAR Sektes.
1. Sugars from the Cane and Beet.
, , Maple and Palms.
, , Birch, Poplar, Oak, and Ash.
Grape Sugar.
2. Liquorice, Sarcocoll, &c.
ANIMAL KINGDOM.
H. Animal Food and Preparations op Fooe as Indus-
trial Products.
1. Specimens of preserved Meats.
2. Portaljle Soups, and concentrated nutriment as con-
solidated Milk, &c.
3. Caviare, Trepang, &c.
4. Articles of Eastern commerce, as Shark Fins, Nest of
the Java Swallow, &c.
Honey and its preparations.
6. Blood and its preporations.
7. Industrial Products, os Glue, Gelatine,
Gluten, &c.
Isinglass,
IV. Vegetable and Animal Substances, chiefly used in
Manufactures, as Implements, or for Ornaments.
VEGETABLE.
A. Guu and Resin Series.
\. Gums of all kinds of natural occurrence —
Gums made artiflcially, as British Gum.
Mucilaginous Seeds, Barks, Pods, and Seaweeds.
2. Resins —
Resins and Balsams of all kinds.
Gum Resins.
Gum Elastics and Gutta Pcroha.
Distilled Resins and Varnishes.
B. Oil Series.
1. Volatile Oils, Including Camphor.
2. Drying Fat Oils.
3. Non-drying Fat Oils.
4. Solid Oils.
5. V/ax.
6. Distilled Fat Oils.
C. Acids, as Acetic, Cftric, Tartaric, Oxauc, &o.
D. DvEs AND Colours.
1. Indigos.
2. Madders.
3. Lichens and their preparations.
4. Dveing Barks, as Acacias, Quercitron, Mangrove, &c.
5. W'oods, as Logwood, Brazil wood. Peach wood, Fus-
tics, &c.
6. Flowers and Berries, as Persian Berries, Safflower,
Saffron.
7. Miscellaneous, as Turmeric, &c.
E. Tanning Substances.
1. Pods, Berries, Seeds, and Fruits of various kinds, as
Algaroab, Acacia, Nib-nib and DiviMivi Pod8,&c.
2. Barks of various kinds, ns Barks of the Babool, Bra-
zilian Acacias, Muriel, Bucida, Gordouia.
3. Galls, and similar Tanning Materials.
4. Catechu, Kino, Gambeer, &c.
F. Fibrous Substances, including Materials tor Cordage
AND Clothing.
1. Cottons of all kinds.
2. Hemp and Flax ; Manilla Hemp and New Zealand
Flax.
3. China Grass, Nettle Fibre, Plantain, and Pine Ap-
ple Fibre.
4. Sunn, Jute, and other tropical substitutes for Hemp,
Flax.
5. Coir, or Cocoa-Nut Fibre, Gomuti, &o.
6. Rushes and Miscellaneous Substances.
G. CeIiLULar Substances.
1. Corks of all kinds.
2. Woods and Roots used for Corks, as the Ochroma
lagqnia and Anona palustris
3. Rice-paper of China.
4. Birch Bark, Pottery Bark, Citrus Rind, &c.
5. Substances used as Amadou.
H. Timber and Fancy Woods used fob Construction
AND Ornament, and prepared by Dyeing.
1. Suited chiefly for purposes of construction, or for
the Navy.
2. Suited chiefly for Ornamental Work.
a Prepared Woods, as by Kyan's, Payne's, Bethell's,
and Boucheiie's processes.
I. Miscellaneous Substances.
1. Substances used as Soap, as Quillai Bark, Soap Ber-
ries (Sapiniius saponaria), Soap Roots {Saponaria
officinalis, §"c.).
2. Perfumes, as Pucha Pat, Vetiver, Spikenard, Tonka
beans, &c.
3. Substances used mechanically, as Teazels, Dutch
Rushes, &c,
4. Seeds and fruits used for Ornamental purposes, as
Ganitrus Beads, the Ivory Nut, the Doom Palm,
Coquilla Nuts, Bottle Gourds, &o.
ANIMAL.
J. Fob Textile Fabrics and Clothing.
1. Wool, Hair, Bristles, Whalebones.
2. Silk from the Silk-worm Bombyx Mori, and from
other species in India, e. g. Bombycilla Ci/iUhia
and Attacus Paphia.
3. Feather, Down, Fur, Skins.
4. Miscellaneous.
H2
92
CLASSIFICATION OP SUBJECTS IN THE THIRTY CLASSES
K. For Domestic or Ornamental Fukfo9E8, or tor the
Manufacture or Implements.
1. Bone, Horn, lloofa, Ivory, Tortoiseshell, Shagreen,
Quills.
2. Pearls, Seed Pearl, Mother-of-pearl, Coral, and Shells
generally.
3. Oils, Tallows, Spermaceti, AVax, Lanl.
4. Miscellaneous, as Sponge, Guldbeater's-skln, Catgut,
Silkworm-gut, Bladders, &c.
L. A» Agents in the Manufacture of various Articles.
1. Glue, Isinglass, Gelatine, Bone-black, Ivory-black,
Animal Charcoal,
M. For the Production of Ciie.mical Substances.
Blood, Bones, Horns, &c., for the production of Phos-
phorus, the Pnissiatcs, the Superphosphates, &o.
N. For Pi<!5ient3 ani> Dyes.
1. Cochineal and Carmine.
2. Dyes from the Gall of the iVphides.
3. Gall-stone, pigmei.t from Ox-gall.
4. Indian dyes from the Coccus, the various kinds of
Lacs.
5. Miscellaneous, as Sepia, Encna d'Orient, &c.
MACHINERY,
V. Machines for direct use, including Carriages and
Railway and Naval Mechanism,
A. Steam Engines and Boilers, Water and Wind Mills,
.\nd various other Prime Movers.
1. Boilers.
2. Land Engines.
3. Marine Engines.
4. Windmills.
."j. Watcr-whcels and Tourbines.
6. Water-pressure Engines, as Uichcnback's and Arm-
strong's.
7. Vacuum Power Engines.
8. Electro-Magnetic Engines, &c.
9. Miscellaneous.
B. SEPAItiVTE parts OP MACHINES, SPECIMENS OP WORKMAN-
SHIP. (See also Water and Gas Works in VH.)
1. As heavy Castings or Forgings in the rough ; Cast-
ings or Forgings, plain, intricate, or beautiful, in
the Kough.
2. Specimens of Turning in Metals.
3. Specimens in filing and tinished Work in Metals,
such as Surfaces, Irregular Figures, &c.
4. Valves, Cocks, Pistons, Governors, &c.
C. Pneumatic Machines. ^
1. Air Pumps.
2. Blowing Fans.
3. Blast Engines for Furnaces, &c.
4. Miscellaneous.
D. Hydraulic jrAciiiNES, Cr.\nes, etc.. Pile Drivers, etc.
(See also VH.)
1. Hydraulic Mochincs —
Pumps and Fire Engines.
Water Uams.
Hydraulic Presses, &c.
"W ater-mefers, &c.
2. Cranes —
Any sort of Crane motion and contrivances. Jacks
oi all sorts. (For Windlasses, Capstans, and
Blocks, see VHI. E.)
3. Piling Engines. -(See also VH. A.)
By hand power, or steam.
Pile Sawing ^Machines.
Pile Extractors, &c.
E. Locomotives and Railway Carriages, &c.
1. Railway Locomotives.
2. Common Road Locomotives.
3. Roilway Carriages, Trucks, and Waggons.
4. Railwoy Velocipedes, &c. &c., of all sorts.
u. .Vtmosplieric Ruilwoy Apparatus.
6. Corriago Breaks.
7. Butfcrs, Couplings, &c.
F. > > LWAY Machinery and Permanent Way,
! ermancnt Way complete.
lecpers.
ii hairs, &c.
4. Rails.
^. Switohei,
6. Turntables.
7. Station Arrangements.
8. Signals.
9. Miscellaneous.
G. Weighing, Measuring, and RcGisTERiNa MAcmNEa
for Commercial and not for Phuxwophical
Purposes.
1. Commercial Weighing Instruments.
2. Instruments of Measure.
3. Registering Instruments, Gauges, Indicators, and
Telltales.
Carriages generally— not including those con-
nected with Rail or Tram Roads.
Dress Vis-li-Vis,
Dress Coach,
Dress Chariot.
Landau.
For Town Use.
Landaulet.
Step-piece Landau.
Barouche.
Sociable.
B. Traveixino Carriages.
Coach.
Driving Coach.
Chariot.
Britska Chariot.
Dormeuse Post Chariot
Post Chariot.
Britska.
Droitska.
Fourgon.
Invalid Carriage.
Sledges, &c.
C. For General Use.
Basterna.
Brougham.
Double Brougham.
Clarence.
Pilentum.
Cariolc.
Domestic.
Driving Phaeton.
Mail Phaeton.
Cabriolet Phaeton.
Park Phaeton.
Pony Phaeton.
Curricle.
Cabriolet.
Heoded Chaise,
Tilbury.
Stanhope.
Dennett.
Gig.
Irish Car.
Dog Cart. " '
Pony Chaise.
Invalid Bath Chair.
Velocipedes.
D. Public Carriages.
Mail' Coach.
Stage Coach.
Omnibus.
Hackney Coach.
Hackney Chariot.
Glass Coach.
Hansom's Cab.
Street Cab.
Fly.
Hearse.
Caravan.
E. Carts ani> AV aggons op all Kinds, not being Agri-
cultural.
VI. Manufacturing Machines and Tools, or Systems of
Machinery, Tools, and Implements employed for
the undermentioned purposes.
A. Manufactures of all Spun, Woven, Feivted, or
Laid Fabrics.
1. Machinery for the complete formation from the Raw
Material of all Fabrics of Cotton, Wool, Flax, Hemp
Silk, Caoutchouc, Gutta Percha, Hair.
2. Paper-making and Staining.
3. Printing and Bookbinding. '*
B. Manufactures op Metals.
1. The manufacture of Metals from the Ore into Bars,
Rods, AVirc, Sheets, and other general forms ; also
casting and polishing of Metal, &c.
2. The cutting and working of Metals by Machine
Tools, such as Lathes; Macliiiica '.'■••■ Ploning,
Drilling, Boring, Slotting, Saw^iig, t'* .mping,
Slienring, Riveting, Punching.
3. Machines and Tools used by the Makers of Gold, Sil-
ver, and Plated (loods.
4. Machines and Tools used bv the Makers of Cutlery,
Nails, Screws, Pins, Needles, Buttons, and metal-
lic Pens, &c.
.'). Mochincs and Tools usjU by Locksmiths, Die-
sinkers, &c.
INTO WHICH THE EXHIBITION IS DIVIDED.
93
C. MANiiFACTunrs or Mineral Substances and Mining
Maciiineiiy. (Sec also Section I.)
1. Machines and Tools for the preparation and worlclng
of all kinds of Glass, Stone, Granite, Alabaster,
Slate, Clay, ko.
3, Machines and Tools used in the preparation and work-
ing of Gems, &o.
J), Manufactures of Veoetable Substances.
1. Machines and Tools for the preparation and working
ofall kinds of Wood.
2. Mills and other machinery for Grinding, Crushing,
or Preparing Vegetable Products.
E. RIanufacture of Animal Substances.
Machinery and Tools for working in Horn, Bono, Ivory,
Leather, &c.
F. Machinery and Apparatus for Brkwino, Distiixino,
and Manufacturing Chemistry.
VII.
Civil Engineering, Architectural, and Building
Contrivances.
A. Foundations and Building Contrivances connected
with Hydraulic Works.
1. Application of the Screw Pile for the Foundations
of Piers, Jetties, &c., Beacons, and Ships' Moor-
ings.
2. Pneumatic Piling, Machinery illustrative of the
mode of sinking and guiding the Cylinders, also
Contrivances for overcoming difTiculties where
obstructions are offered to their sinking.
3. CofTer-dams on soft and rock bottoms, and Appa-
ratus connected with them.
4. Foundations of Lighthouses exposed to the violent
action of the sea.
5. Diving-bells, Helmets, and Apparatus connected
with them.
6. Boring Tools, and Contrivances for ascertaining the
stratification on Sites of intended Structures.
B. SCAFFOLDISG AND CENTERINGS.
1. Scaffolding for the erection of Brick Chimney Shafts,
Columns of Masonry, Towers, and Spires.
2. Portable Scaffoldings, latdders, and Fire Kscnpes.
3. Scaffolding for the erection of Monolithic Blocks, as
Obelisks, &c., and for the hoisting of great
Weights.
4. Fixed and Turning Scaffolding for the repairs, &c.,
of Domes, &c,, internally and externally.
5. Scaffolding and Contrivances lor the erection of large
Girder Bridges (as Britannia Bridge).
6. Centerings for Arched Bridges, Domes, and Vaults.
7. Centerings for Tunnels, Shields, and Contrivances
for facilitating their excavation.
C. Bridges, TunseI^, and ENGisF.F.niNo Contrivances
FOR crossing Rivers, Kavinf,s, &o.
1. Timber Bridges.
2. Cast-iron Bridges.
3. Wrought-iron Bridges (Girder or Lattice).
4. Turning or Swing Bruges.
5. Lifting or Bascule Bridges.
6. Draw and Uolling Bridges.
7. Suspension Bridges.
8. Temporary Bridges. (See also VIH. M.)
9. Floating Bridges, as across the llamonze, and to
receive Uailway Trains, as across the Ilumber.
10. Examples of Brick aud Stone Bridges.
D. Dock, Harbour, IIiver, and Canal Works.
1. Docks and Slips for the building and repair of
Ships.
2. Mercantile Docks, and Arrangements connected
therewith, for the loading and unloading of
Ships.
3. Sea and Canal Locks, Gates and Entrances, Stop-
gates, Sluices, &c.
4. Marine Uailway Slips and Hydraulic Docks.
6. Harbours of Ucfuge.
6. Breakwaters, Piers, Jetties, Wharfs, and Landing-
piers.
7. Grojiios. Pcn-defonces, 8ic.
8. Perpendicular Lifts forCannIs,nnd other Ihigiuc'criiig
Coutrivauces instead of Locks.
9. Drcdging-machincs, Hedgehogs, and other Machines
employed in Harbour Works, for removing Shoals,
&c.
E, Ligiithouses and Beacons.
F, Roofs, Buildings, and Contrivances for covERiNa
LARGE Areas.
1. Examples of Timber and Iron Trusses.
3 Roofs for Markets, Railway Stations, &o.
3. Roofs for Theatres.
4. Fire-proof Buildings, arranged so as to bo applicablo
to the economical methods of construction,
5. Coverings for Roofs.
G, Water-Works, and the ENGiNEKr.iNO Contrivances
connected with the Obtaining, Storing, and Distri-
bution op Water in Towns.
1. Well-sinking and Boring, and the Apparatus con-
nected therewith.
2. Storing, Filtering, and Distributing Reservoirs, and
the Contrivances connected with them.
3. Contrivances for maintaining and producing efflcient
Heade, and the Apparatus connected with Klicct
Mains.
4. Services, and Apparatus connected with Domestic
Water Supply. (Sec also V., B.)
H. Gas-Works, and Contrivances connected wmi the
economical Production of ArtificiiU, Ligift.
1. Retorts and Distillatory Apparatus.
2. Condensing, Separating, and Purifying Apparatus.
3. Governors and Station Meters.
4. Gauges, Valves, and contrivances connected with the
Mains for the Distribution of Gas. (See also
XXII.)
I. Sewerage, Cleansing, Paving, and the Contrivances
connectf.d with the Sanitary Condition of
Towns.
1. Forms of Sewers, their Entrarces and Junctions.
2. Contrivances for Cleansing, Flushing, and Venti-
lating Sewers.
3. Contrivances for removing and distributing Sewage.
4. Traps, and other means of preventing emanations.
(See also XXII.)
5. House Drains, and the Internal Sanitary arrange-
ments of Houses. (See also XXII.)
6. Pavements.
J. Warming AND Ventilating Domestic Residences, and
THE Contrivances connected therewith.
1. Arrangements for Warming, as with Hot Air, Water,
Steam, &c.
2. Contrivances for preventing Smoke, and Chimney-
sweeping Machines.
3. Contrivances for Ventilation on a large Scale.
Miscellaneous.
K
VIII. Naval Architecture, Military Engineering ;
Ordnance, Armour, and Accoutrements.
A. Illustrations by Models '»f Shipbuilding for pur-
poses of commerce.
1. Ships.
2. Barks.
3. Brigs aud Brigantincs.
4. Snows and Ketches.
5. Schooners.
6. Sloops and Cutters.
7. Luggers, Barges, &c.
B. Illusthations by ^Iodei.s of Shipbuilding for pur-
POSKS OF War.
1. Ships of the Line.
2. Frigates.
3. Sloops, Corvctlc", and Brigs.
4. Cutters, Brigautinos, Ketches, Schooners, Barges, &c.
5. Bomb or Mortar Vessels, Fire-ships, Gun-bonts, &c.
C. Illustrations nv JIooei.s of Siiipbuii.dini! for the
APPLICATION of StEASI OR OTHER POWEUS.
\. Great War Steamers.
2. Steam-vessels of large burden for long Passages.
3. Steam-vessels for Inland, liiver, or Lake Navigation.
4. Sailing-vessels fitted for the temporary applinnce of
Steam or Uiimnn Power.
Miscellaneous.
.').
94
CLASSIFICATION OF BUBJECTS IN THE THIRTY CLASSES
D. Vnnu died ro» Amotement, and Small Vessbm
aENEBALLV,
1. Seagoing Yuhti of all kinds.
9. River Yaoliti, and Pleaiure Boats of a smaller class.
3. Rowing Boats of all Icinds.
4. Fishing Boats and Vessels.
5. Life BoaU and Paddle-box Boats.
E. RiooiNO, Anchors, Windlasses, Capstans« Siieatiiino,
AND Articles coNNErruu ■.vmi practical Sea-
MANSHir AND TI'E sAVINO OF Lite rUOM SHIPWRECK.
F. Infantby Armv-Clotiiino and Accgiitrements.
0. Cavalry AnMr-CLoriiiNa and AccoirrREMENTs.
H. Camp EqoiPAOE, sncii as Marquees, Tents, &c.
1. Naval Gunnery, and Weapons of Attack and De-
fence MORE especially ADAPTED TO MaVAL PUR-
POSES.
J. Artillery Equipments, both in Garrison and the
Field, Machines for Mountinq and Dismount-
ing Ordnance.
I. Garrison Equipments,
a. Field Equipments.
3. Machinery for Mounting and Dismounting and
transporting Ordnance, Carriages, &c.
K. Ordnance and Projectiles.
1. Guns,
ii. Howitiers.
3. Mortars.
4. Shots, Shells, and other Projectiles.
L Small Amms.
1. Rifles.
2. Muskets.
3. Carbines.
4. Pistols.
5. Lances.
6. Swords. , .
7. Bayonets.
8. Cartridges.
M. Military Enoineeuino, Field Equipments, MBrnons
OF Passing Rivers and othek Obstacles, the
Attack and Defence of Foutuesses, and Field
Fortification.
1. Field Engineer Eouipments.
2. Military Bridges, Puntoona, Rafts, Boats, &c.
3. Field Fortification and Materials used in the attack
and defence of Fortresses.
4. Permanent Fortification.
IX. Agricultural and Horticultural Imptements.
A. Implements for Tillage.
1. Ploughs, including Subsoil Ploughs and Pulverisers.
2. Harrows.
3. Sacrifiers, Cultivators, and Grubbers.
4. Clod Crushers and Norwegian Harrows.
5. Rollers.
6. Digging and Trenching Machines.
B. Drilling, Sowing, Manuring, and Uoeing Machines.
1. Pressers.
2. Drills.
3. Dibblors.
4. Horso Hoes.
5. Broadcast Sowing Slachincs.
6. Contdvanccs connected witii the distribution of Ma-
nure.
C. Harvesting Machines.
1. Machines for cutting Corn or Grass.
2. Tedding Machines for Hay.
3. Itakes tor Hay, Corn, Stubble, &c.
D. Barn Machinery.
1. Steam I'ngines, and Wuter-power Machines.
2. Horse Works.
3. Thrashing Machines.
4. Straw Shakers.
!>. Winnowing, Corn Cleaning, and Barley IlummcUing.
6. Crushing and Splitting Mills.
7. Flour and Meal Mills.
8. Chaff Cutters.
9. Com Weighing and Meters.
10. Gorse Bruisers and Cutters.
U. Chicory Cutters.
12. Cider Presses.
E. Field, Fold, and Yard Machinery.
1. Turnip-cutters.
2. Root Grating and Squeeiing Machines.
3. Potato-washera.
4. Steaming Apparatus.
5. Feeding Apparatus.
6. Weighing Alachines for Cattle, lie. (See O.V.)
7. Watering Engines, for Fire or Garden Purposes.
(See D. V.)
8. Contrivances connected with the Stack-yard and
Storing.
9. Contrivances for Fencing, Folding, &o.
10. Fittings for Stables, Cow-houses, Ice.
F. Agricultural Carriages, Harness, and Gear.
1. Waggons, Carts, &o.
2. Brakes.
3. Separate parts, as Wheels, Axles, fcc. •
4. Harness and Gear.
G. Drainage Imple.mentb.
1. Machines for making Pipes, Tiles, and Bricks.
2. Implements tor Draining, and Tools.
3. Tiles, Pipes, and other Materials used in Draining.
4. Scoop Wheels and other Machines used in Draining
or Lifting Water.
5. Machines and Contrivances for Irrigating Lands.
6. Sluices, Draw Gates, &c.
H. Dairy Implements.
1. Chums.
2. Cheese-presses.
3. Miscellaneous Contrivances used in the Dairy.
1. MlSCELIulNEOUS IMPLEMENTS USED IM AgRICLI/TURE..
1. Rick VenUlator.
2. Ladders.
3. Pitch and Tar Melters.
4. Sheep-dipping Apparatus.
5. Farm Railway.
6. Models of Farm Buildings. (.
7. Alarm Gim for Protecting Crops. 'A
8. Beehives. '
9. Instruments for Cattle, Probangs, &c.
10. Tree Remover.
11. Various Miscellaneous Articles.
J. Garden Engines and Tools.
X. Philosophical Instruments, and Processes depend-
ing upon their use: Musical, Horological, and
Surgical Instruments.
A. Instruments for the Measurement of Space.
1. In fixed observatories, as Transits, Transit Circles,
great Quadrants, Mural Circles, Zenith Sectors,
Altarimeters, Equatorials, Collimators, &c.
2. For Nautical Astronomy and Observations, as Sex-
tants, Reticcting and Repeating Circles, Dip Sec-
tors, &c.
3. Astronomical and Topographical Illustrations, as
Globes, Orreries, Flanntariums, Maps, Charts, &o.
4. Optical Instniments, as great Refracting and Re-
flecting Telescopes, with their appurtenances, equa-
torial motions, &c.
5. Apparatus subordinate to Graduated Instruments, as
divided Object Glossea and lloliomcters, Eye-
pieces, Micrometers, Micrometer Microscopes, &c.
C. Survey Instruments.
a. Topographical, as Base Apparatus, Theodolites,
Repeating Circles, Gcoufetic Signals, Levelling
Apparatus, Miners' and Prismatic Compasses,
Pocket Sextants, Perambulators, Pedometers.
6. Ilydrographical, as Sounding Machines, Patent
Logs, Current Meters, Silometers.
A. Instruments to Measure the Effects of Mechanical
AND Physical Forces.
1. Mechanical, as Dynamometers, Tachymeters.
2. Mass (Weighing Instruments), as Weighing Ma-
chines, Scales, Chemical and Assay Balances.
3. Denst.j, as Areometers and other Instruments to
determine Sneciflo Gravity, Invariable Pendu-
lums, Atwood's Machine.
4. To measure other Physical Effects, including Me-
teorological Instruments, as Barometers, Hydro-
meters, Eudiometers, Thermometers, Pyrometers,
Electrometers, Rheometers, Magnetometers, &o.
INTO WmCH THE EXHIDITIOX 18 DIVIDED.
95
:-yarii and
u
,
C. iNSTROMBxn TO ILLUSTRATE THE I.AW8 OF MECHANICAL
AND PiivsicAL Science.
I. " Kinematics,"— InBtrumentB to exhibit and describe
Motions and their Combinations, as Compasses.
I'entauraphs, InHtnimeuts for describing Killpticui
and otlikr Fiuures, &c.
3. Mechanics, or instruments to illustrate the Laws of
S(atio and Dvncmio Forces.
a. Stereo-Mecnanics, as for iilustratiuR Mechanical
Powers, accelerated and retarded Motion,
Equilibrium and Parallelogram of Forces,
Levers, Cathetomcters, Centripetal and Con-
trifuKnl Forces, Klostlcity, &c.
b. Ilydro-Sleobanics, as Instruments to illustrate
the Motion and Impinging Force of Waves, &c.
c. Pneumo-Mechanics, as Apparatus connected with
the Air-Piimp, &c.
3. Instnimonts to illustrate the Laws of Corpuscular
Forces, as AVhitworth's Planes, Endosmomotcrs,
&0.
4. Instruments to illustrate the Laws of Bound.
5. „ „ „ Light,
b. „ „ „ Heat.
7. „ „ „ Electricity, in-
eluding Voltaic and Thoimo-Electricity, Maunet-
ism, Kloctro-Magnetisro, Magnetic Electricity,
Dia-Magnetism, &c.
D. Application op Mechanical and Physical Science
TO ITheful Purposes, not included in any of
THE r receding on subsequent Sections.
1. Mcclianics.
a. Stereo-Mcchanicsl when not included in Sections
6. Hydro-MecimnicsJ te,Xd',"fe8. """'"' *"'"
0. Pneumo-Mechanics, aa Air Pumps, Karcfying
and Condensing, Diving Bells, Air Uailuons,
&c.
2. Sound (not including IMusical Instruments).
a. Instruments to assist Hearing.
' b. Alarums, Bells.
r. Models of Aco- 'ical Buildings, &c.
3. T.ight — Instrumer.. ■. to assist Vision, ns smaller Te-
lescopes, Opera Glasses, Spectncles, Microscopes,
Lenses, Mirrors, Signals, Visual Telegraphs, Light-
houses, Optical Illusions, Gas and Solar Micro-
scopes, Cameras, Photography, Polarization of
Liglit, &c.
4. Heat — Apparatus for producing Heat, for Freezing,
Thermostats, Burning Lenses, and Mirrors, &c.
5. Magnetism and Electricity — Mariner's Compasses,
Electric and Electro-Magnetic Telegraphs, Elec-
tric Light, applications of Electro-Magnetism as
a Motive Power, Therapeutic applications of
Electricity, Electrotyjw Apparatus ond Speci-
mens, &c.
E. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Apparatus.
F. Miscellaneous.
X. a. Musical Instruments, Sj-c.
A. Wind Instruments.
1. Wood-
Flutes (also in Metal, &c.)
Flageolets.
Oboes.
Clarinets.
Bassoons.
Serpents.
2. Metol—
French Horns.
Trumpets.
Bugle 11 urns.
Cornets a Pistons.
Cornopeans.
Trombones.
Ophicleides.
B. Stringed Instruments,
Harps. Violas.
Guitars. Violoncellos.
Violins. Double Bnsses.
C. Keyed Instruments wmi fixed Tones.
Organs.
Pianofortes,
Scraphines.
D,
1. Drums —
Bass Drums.
Kettle Drums
Side Drums.
Tambourines.
Harmoniums.
ConccrlinOB.
Accordions.
Instruments op Percussion.
2. Cymbals —
Triangles.
E, Automatic ImrnuMENTS.
Mechanical Organs.
Musical Boxes, Ike.
f, mlsckli,aneous articles in cohhixioii wrii minicai.
Instruments.
Tuning Forks, Tuning Ilammers , Pitch Pipei, do.
Wire Strings, (.'atgut Strings, Jko,
O, Musical Diaoraiu.
X. h. Ho. Jogtf,
A. Great Clocks for Churches, Castles, Stablbi, amo
Public Builuinus in oeneral.
1, With 3 and 4 wheel Trains.
2, With Itemontoires and with various Escapements.
3, To strike the Hours, anil the Houis and Quarters.
4, The various Compensation Pendulums in use,
5, The various modes of making the Work to carry the
Hands, and communicating the motion from the
Clock to the Hands.
G, Electric or Magneto-electric Clocks,
B. Astronomical Clocks,
1, The various Escapements employed,
2, The various Compensation Pendulums used,
3, Equation Clocks.
4, Clocks, commonly called Journeymen Clocki| for
Observatories,
C. Clocks applied in Ueoistration,
1. To register the Barometer daily for twelve monthi,
or other periods.
2. To register Tides and Winds.
3. To register the punctual attendance of Watchmen
and others.
D. Clocks siiowino different Phenomena.
1. Cycle of the Sun and Moon, Eclipses, Moon's Age,
Equation of Time, the Golden K umber, Tides,
&c.
E. Clocks for the Common Purposes of Liie.
1. Weight Clocks.
2. Spring Clocks with Pendulums.
3. Balance Clocks of various descriptions.
F. Clocks and Time- pieces in Decorated Casf,s, commonly
CALLED Ornamental Clocks, for Drawinq-
rooms, Libraries, &c.
1. In Metal Cases, Gilt and Lacquered.
2. In Buhl Cases.
3. In Wood Cases.
4. In China Cases.
G. Sundries applicable to Clocks.
1. The various modes by which Clocks are kept going
wliile being wound.
2. The various Escapemcnta employed in Clocks of
different descriptions.
3. Various porti(.ns of Mechanism forming parts of, or
applicable to, Clocks.
II. Marine CimoNOMirrERS.
1. Eight-day.
2. Two-day.
3. Thirty-hour.
4. The various descriptions of Compensation Balances
applied to Chronometers.
5. The various descriptions of Pendulum Springs op*
piled to Chronometers.
6. Pocket Chronometers.
I, PocKBr Watches op various descriptions.
\. For measuring Minute Portions of Time and regis-
tering Observations.
2. With Compensation Balances.
3. „ Duplex Esc pement.
4. „ Horizontal f;8capoment.
5. „ Lever Escapement upon different constructions.
6. „ the old original Vertical Escapement.
7. Bepuaters upon different constructiuus to strike the
Hours and Quarters.
8. The same to strike the Hours, Quarters, and Half^
quarters.
0. The same to strike the Hours, Quarters, and Minntes. '
lu. Clock-watches to strike the Hours and Quarters in a
similar manner to Clocks.
96
CTiASSIFICATION OF SUDJECTS IN THE TUIKTY CLASSES
11. rtnok-wntchm, and, in atldltlon, Itepcaton.
1^. Watches with Alarumii.
13. Watchci Icnown by the ilrnnmlnntlnn of l.nilipi'
Watchcf, witli the Caarii licoonitcii in various wnyi.
14, Varioiii |Mirtioni of Mocliaiiisni furmliig partt of
Watohoa.
WATCUn FOR DirrERENT MARRm —
I. Ai for Tiirkov, with three Case* anil Turltith Diati.
3. For China, with peculiar Caios and Diolf,
3. For India and 8outh America.
4. For Homo Country diitricti,
. Miscellaneous.
r
i
X. c. Surgical TnstrumenU,
A. For Operations on the Rye.
Special Instruments for —
1. Operation on the F.yelids.
% Fistula l.achrymaiis.
3. Straliismus.
4. Artificial Vupii.
5. Cataract.
By Depression.
By Extraction.
a. Includinx Elevators in Silver and Ivory,
Fine Ulatoiirics, Trornrs, Canulas, Styles,
Sounds, various Needles, &c.
h. Cataract Knives, lloolcs, Capsular Forceps,
&0.
B. Operation on the Ear.
Special Instruments for —
1. Exploration of the Aural and Eustachian Pas-
sages.
o. Sounds, Catheters, Speculums, &c.
2. The Conveyance of Air or Litiuid into the Tym-
panic Cavity.
Pneumatic and other Syringes in Metal,
Glass, Caoutchouc, &c.
3. The Removal of Foreign Bodies from the Meatus.
a. Levers, Branch Forceps, &c,
4. Perforation of, and other Operations on, the
Membrana Tympani.
5. The Conduction of Sound.
a. Including all kinds of Acoustic Instruments
and Contrivances, Ear Cornets, Speaking
Trumpets, 8cc.
C. Operations on the Nose — Nasal Foss^ and Antrhii.
Special Instruments for —
1. The Removal of Polypi.
a. Vorious Forceps, Porte-ligatures, Serre-
noGuds, &c.
, 2. The Removal of Extraneous Substances.
3. The Arrest of Iloemorrhage from the Posterior
Nares.
a. Including all Contrivances for " Tamponne-
ment."
4. Exploration and Injection of the Maxillary Sinus,
a. Including Jourdain's Sounds, Catheters, &c,
, &. Perforation and Injection of the Antrum.
a. Including Liston's Drills, Antrum Syringes,
Plugs, &c.
D. Operations of the Moltii and Pil,^r¥nx.
Special Instruments for^
1. Hare Lip,
2. Operotioiis on the Teeth (Dental Instnunents).
3. Myotomy and Ligature of the Tongue.
4. Cleft I'nlote and other Operations on the Roof
of the Mouth (Staphyloraphic Instruments),
a. Including Obturators, Cleft and Notched
Needles, Palate Holders, Porte-Sutures,
&c.
5. Excision of the Uvula and Tonsils,
6. Cauterisation and other Operations on the Pha-
rynx,
rt. Tonsillar Guillotines, Pharyngotomes, &c.
7. Salivary Fistula.
h. Parotidean Canulas, Leaden Threads, &c.
B. Opeuations on the Tiiouax and UESPiiiATonv Organs.
Instruments for —
1. Tracheotomy and Ltryngotomy.
a. Including Marshall llali's Tracheotome,
Sampson's Springs and Tubes, &o.
O,
2. The Removal of Foreign Bodioi ttom the La-
rynx, Trachea, and Bronchi.
3. Paracenti-Hls Thoracis (Empyema),
4, Various l'uri)osos,
a. Including Inhalers for the administration of
Chloroiorm, ^,ther, and other Medicinal
vaimura. b. Instruments used to restore
SiiHponded Animation, e. Kespiratort in
all Alatcrials.
5, Physical Examination of the Chest,
a. Instruments for Auscultation, Percussion,
and Admeasurement of the Chest ; Stetlio-
•copes and Pieximoters In all materials:
Spirometers and Stothometers, as suggested
by Quaiii and Sibsoii, &c.
Operations on the Abdominal Walls and Aliment-
ary Canal,'
Special Instruments for —
1. Stricture and other morbid states of the (Eso-
phagus, the removal of Foreign Bodies, tio.
a. Including O<'sophagus Bougies and Pro-
bangs in elastic gum and other materials,
(Esophagotomes, Gullet-forceps, Ike.
2. The introduction and withdrawal of Fluids from
the Stomach ; the removal of Poison, &o,
n. The Stomach Pump and its appendages.
Enema Syringes, &<i,
3. The formation and muhitenanceof artifloial Anus,
a. Enterotoines, I'urte-Sutures, tko,, by Dupuy-
tren, Blandin, and otiiers,
4. Prolapsus Aid.
a. All kinds of Rectum-Plugs, in metal, elastic
gum, &c. .
5. Fistula, Fissures, and Vegetations in Ano,
n. Fistula Knives, Directors. &c.
h. Porte-ligatures (on Lukes and Sampson's
plan).
6. Hernia.
«. Cutting Instruments for its rodical cure.
b. Trusses and all arliflcial means of support.
7. Paracentesis .Vbdomiiiis.
8. Pliysical examination of the Rectum.
a. Various Speculums (by Hilton and others).
, Operations on the Genito-Urinarv System in the
Male.
Instruments for —
1. Lithotomy.
a. Including I'ithotomes, Gorgets, Stafis, For-
ceps, Scoops, &o.
2. Lithotrity.
a. Liihotrites, ^ ii':h disintegrate the Stone by
Perforation.
Ditto ditto by Conneiitric Pressure.
Ditto ditto by Percussion.
b. Syringes and other Instruments to ii^cct and
explore the Bladder.
c. Dilators, Siiding-scoops, and Apparatus to
remove Calculi impactc<l in tlie Urethra ;
Instruments for Lithectasy, &c.
3. Urinnry Fistula,
a. Including all ITrcthroplastic Instruments,
Urethrotomes, &c,, for Recto-rrethral, Pe-
rineal, and Recto- Vesical Fistula;,
4. Stricture, Prostatic and Vesical Disease, and re-
tention of Urine,
a. Every variety of Catheter, Bougie, Sound,
Portc-Caustique, and Urinal ; Curved Tro-
cars for Puncture of the Bladder above the
Pubes, through tiie Rectum, &c,
5. Phymosis,
a. Apporatus employed by Jews, 6, By the
Profession.
6. Hydrocele.
7. Vttrioceic,
a. Including Instruments for obliteration of the
Spermatic Veins (Ricords'), as well ns
those for simple support ; Suspensory and
other Bandages ; Scrotal Rings, &c.
. Operations on the Genito-Urinaky Syste.m in the
Female.
Instruments for—
1. Exploration.
(I. Including Speculums in all Materials,
Sounds, Dilators, &c,
2, Operations on tlie Uterus, Vagina, and Cervix
Uteri,
INTO WUiril TIIK EXIimmON in DIV itil
97
from the tu
nlnlifnitlon of
liiir Moillcliml
«1 to rcituro
Hesplratort in
t.
1. PerouMlon,
-ne»f, Stotlio-
all muturialii!
•iMKUKgCltod
IND AlIMENII.
of tho (Eio-
odics, «io.
Ii'» nn<l IVo-
hor material*,
OM, fco.
(fFli
FluiiU from
•on, &o,
I appendogoa,
rtiflcial Anus.
»•, by Dupuy-
mctal, claglio
in Ano.
id Sompson'g
llcnl curp.
> of support.
m.
and ofhcrs).
DTEM IN THE
I, Staffs, For-
the Stono by
lure.
to it\ioct and
apparatus to
lie Urethra ;
nstrumcnts,
'rethiol, Po-
ilic.
ose, and re-
gie, Sound,
"urved 'J'lo-
!r above tho
I,
*. By tho
ition of tho
9 well 118
■nsory niid
&c.
SM IN TUB
Matcriols,
nd Cervix
a. Ilystcrotompfi ami Iiiittrumfnts for Poraren-
tucls Uteri (l.ltit'riiiic's unil Hiniimuii'H),
Uterliio KclnHorii and dreHsiiiK Forvepi
(curved and straight), Porto-Camtliiues,
&c.
3. Poll mis Uteri.
(I. Vulcolln and other Forceps, Porte-ligaturos,
Kcrro-nu'iids, dec.
4. Prolaiwun and Procidentia lltorl.
a. Including I'csHurit'H, Itaiidugca, and nrtiflcial
support of nil kinds.
5. Veslco-\ aglnal Fistula and Hecto- Vaginal Fls-
tulo.
II. Hancock's new Instruments, Urinary Ile-
coptadcs, dto.
6. Obstetrical PuriMtses.
a. Including all Jlldwlfcry Instruments, and
Contrivances to remedy Lacerated I'o-
rinoum.
I. Operations on tiif. I^iXtremities.
Special Instruments for —
1. Amputations.
a. Aiiny (portaide) and llospitol Coses, &o.
2. The Adjustment of Fractures.
a. Including Splints, Inclined Planes, Pods,
Slings, and Knnilngps, In alt iMuterials.
3. Tlie Keductiunof DiBlocntions.
a. Pulleys, Kings, Staples, Ike.
K. Operations on the Osseous Svstem. > i
Special Instruments for —
1. Trepanning.
2. Kesectionand F.xnrticulation.
3. Tlio Extraction of Sequestra, &o.
L. Operations on the VascuiuVR Svstem.
Instruments for—
1. Vona^section.
a. Cupping Instruments, Lancets, Leech tubes,
&c.
2. Tho Control of llfrmorrhnge.
a. Tourniquets, Compressors, Torsion For-
ceps, &c.
3. Transfusion.
4. Aneurism,
By Ligature : — a. Aneurism Needles, Porte-li-
gatures, Sampson's ISpeculum, &c.
By Compression: — 6. Now Instruments, by
Wyld, Belliiigham, and others.
5. NiBvus.
a. Needles, Porte-aiguilles, &o. (LIston'i and
Brodie's).
6. Varices.
a. Including Elastic Bandages, Stockings, An-
clets, &c.
M. AuTOPLA-STii; AND Obthop.edic Operations.
Special Instruments for —
1. The various Taliacotian Processes.
u. Kliinopiasty.
h. Chiloplnsty. &o.
2. Tenotomy nnd Alyotomy.
a. Including long-bloded Knives for the subcu-
taneous division of iMusclcs and Tendons,
&c.
3. Mechanical Compensation of Lost Parts.
a. Artiflcial Kyes, Noses, Ivors, Chins, Palates,
Teeth, Hands, Arms, Legs, &c.
4. Orthopaedic Processes.
a. Including oil Orthopicilic Apparatus, Hack
and Leg Uoords and Irons, Stnys, liclts.
Supports, Suspciulers, Boots, Shoes for the
cure of Bunions (Loncgan's).
N. Drgssino Instul'ments.
a. Surgeons' Pocket Cases and their usual contents;
Spring Bistouries, Tenaculums, Scalpels, Scissors,
Forceps, Spatulir, Probes and Directors, Needles,
Ligature-Silks, &c.
O. Miscellaneous Philosophical App.vuatus applied to
TUB investigation AND TKEAT.MENT OP DlSKASE.
a. Microscopes, Kngiscopcs, and Lenses ; Urinometers
and Thermometers ; Volta-electric Apparatus ; va-
rious illuminating Speculums ; Instruments in India
Hubber for the application of Intense Cold ; Hoo-
per's Water Cushions for the reception of fluids of
any temperature; Spongio-piliiie, Patent Lint,
Plaistera, Collodion, Mppio Shields, Breast-pumps,
&c.
P. SiJHnirALTAiii ^ 111 M A'prii M, CirAina, Cmaules,
Uestn, «l(
<i. Po.fT .mortem .Vm. Ill riN», ImitTMl TS, AND In-
STIII'JIENTS I'll 1H£,.M.«KNT.
It. I.tSTUUMENTS APPLII;. trrERINAII\ lifOMM.
MANUFACTURES.
XI. Cotton.
A. CoTPON Yarn and Tiire.vo.
1. Grey Twist in Hanks and Dobbins, from No. -M
to my.
White anil Bleached Yarn.
Dyed Yarn, assorted Colours.
„ Turkey-rod and Pink.
2. Cotton Thread.—
Two-fold Lace ; 2, 3, 4, C, ond 'J-cord sewings.
Two-fold Lisle ; knittings.
Crochet Cottons.
Wire Thread.
3. Crape Yarn —
Bleached.
Coloured.
B. Calicoes.
Sheetings (Grey and Bleached)—
2 and H Super.
Shirtings (Grey and Bleached).
Domestics.
Mada]iollams — \
I anil !j, and 40-inch Printers'.
Long-cloths (I'lain and Twilled)—
Imitation Irish.
C. Cords and Be.vverteens.
1. J ell and J Cords.
Genoa.
Beaverteeni.
2. Drabbctts.
Twilletts.
F'ancy Drills.
Grey Twills.
Swansdowns.
Jeans. '
Ticks.
3. Velvets ond Velveteens.
D. Muslins, &c.
1. Cambric and .laconnct —
Mulls and Books.
Bishop and Victoria Lawns, &c.
Jaconnet, Organdies, Lcnos, and Fancy Thccks for
Printing (Grey and Bleached).
2. Figured Muslins —
Lappets, Lenos, and Nettf Wliite and Dyed.
Jacquard-made (ioods.
Lappets, Japan Spots and Honeycombs.
„ Striped and Corded.
„ Allover and Diagonal Spider.
„ Bengal Scarf Spot, assorted.
Harness, assorted.
„ Garments.
Window Curtains.
„ Spot.
Book Jaconnet and Dacca Lappets.
Lcnos, Plain.
„ Figured.
Fninli Stripe and Check Doriahs.
Mexican Lappets, Coloured and White.
Turkey Gauze, White and Dyed.
3. Shawls, Handkerchiefs, and Dresses —
Imitation Cambric iiandkerchicfs. Plain and Em-
broiilered.
I.nppet Shawls.
Bonk Muslin Dresses, Checks.
Tapes and Cords.
Book llaudkcrchicfs.
Specimens of Madopollams.
Bleached Goods of various Finishes.
„ Cambric Finish.
„ Jaconnet Finish.
Book .Muslins, Hard, Elastic, find
Loudon Finish.
ff richly Ornamented.
98
CI.ASSinCATIOX OK 8UnjE(TS W THE TIIIIITY CLAHHKS
E. DlMITIH, kc.
I. Furnlliirp Dlmitlri, Plain iinil Flgiirwl—
lUIr, t'unl, •11(1 Iiidta, l>klii miiI Fiuurod.
QuIltiiiK.
Hatlocn •ml Twillcxl Jran.
U. Maravillvi and Hiimmi'ri^iiiiti —
Ciiiiiiti'riiaiirii (Whitvnnil Ciiliiiiroil),
'J'ollot < (iveri (I'Ulii and C'uluurcd).
Anti-.MacniiKars.
(irey HIisoU.
>Viiidow iliillnndi.
Cottun DUpon uid D^matki.
F. CoLOumti) WovKN Cottun.
1. lUniUcrrchloft fur tlio Pucker, Head, Nock, •!»!
Hliiiiildcni —
Imitalinn .Miidrnfi and Piillrat.
„ •InMiiiiid Manilla
Fancy 'WliKo (irimmlii, C'licrki.
Imltatiuii Manilla PhuuAppIo Cloth.
„ Ulilto I'umbrlc.
M ,1 Figured Borden.
Cravati, aiaortcd ooloura.
3. Ginghamt.
Common Light (iniiindri, aaaortod. Plain.
„ Dark (iroiinda, ORaorlvd, Plain.
Karlaton (ilnghams.
Powpr-loom StHTinckcrs and Cliccki.
Tnrkoy-rod groundn.
Uliio and Ulook lioavy Check*.
Muslin (f round, 8trl|H'« and Checks.
Furniture, Striiicg and Chockii.
Ciiluured Diaiiers.
Cniswiver 8(ripc8.
Jean StrliHM.
Pcrric*.
Ilnngarlani.
I'mbrella ClnghnmR.
3, Dre»»c», Scnrfit, tiC.
Java Uugis, and Manilla Saronin.
„ Chiiullos ind Hrart'a.
4. Zehnu—
Uluc and White Striped Prcxseti.
Orangc-piuo „
Illuc-plno. „
Kube do Chamliro.
G. Oiled Calicoe.4 oii Camduics for Packing.
».
Beavrn.
Subdivided iam* ai No. I,
Plloli.
HubdIvidoU lama aa No. 1.
1). Mohair, !U t<i nH inrhri wide.
Hulxlivlded tamo a* Nu. I.
10. Cloaklngi, M tu M inohea wide.
HulNiividod lamv hi No. 1.
11. Tweed! -
HIiikIo milled.
Doiililo inilletl.
Treble mill<<«l,
U. China Htripu CIntlii, Hat, piece dye(l,aii<i otlier Clothi,
<'M| iiichei wide.
M. India Clothi, piece dyed, Ml Inohea wide.
U. Ullliard Clollii, plore dyed, Vi to 81 Inohea wide.
Klaitio (iluve Cloth, &4 to 70 inohei wide.
Subdivided lamo aa No. I.
Union Clothe, Cotton Wnrpa, piece dyed, .^3 to 51
inchci wide.
Double Coloun, piece dyed, M to (13 incbei wide.
15
16
17
XII. Woollen anil Wonted,
A. Bl'0AI> CuiTllg.
1. Sinulo .Milled, 52 to G3 Inches wide.
Wool-dyed Wooded Ctduurs —
Blue.
Black.
Medleys.
Oxford and other Mixtures.
N.B. The term "Medleys" includes all
W«(d-dvcd Colours, excepting
Blue anu Black.
Wool-«lycd, common colour, uuwuodcd.
Black.
Medleys.
Oxford and other Mixtures.
Drab. , ^
Picce-<lycd, Woadotl Colours-
Black.
Blue.
Fancy Colours.
Piece-dyed, unwoadod.
Black.
8rarlet.
Gentian.
Other Fancy Colours.
A. Broad Cixyriis — ■
2. Double Milled, ."iS to .17 inches wide.
Subdivided same ns No. I.
3. Modinm-Clotlis, ."il lo 03 inches wide.
Subdivided same as No. I.
4. I.adics'-Clolhs, 54 to fhi inches wide.
Subdivided same as No. I.
I). Venetians, 54 to 58 inches wide.
Subdivided same ns No. 1.
6. Army-cloth, .52 to 54 inches wide.
Subdivided same as No. 1.
B. NaHKOW CLOTIIi.
1. Cauimere double milled, 37 to 21) Inohea wide.
Subdivided same ai Broad Clothi, No. I.
2. Cttiilmere, single milled, 27 to 2U iiichei wide.
Subdivideil luino ai No. 1.
3. l)oe-Sklii9, treble milled, 27 to 29 Inohea wide.
Subdivided same as No. 1.
4. Doe-8kin», double millwl, 27 to 2!) Inches wide.
Subdivided laine as No. 1.
.5. Doe-Skins, single milled, 27 to 20 inclica wide.
Subdivided same as No. 1.
0. Cnshinerotles, 27 to 2'J Inches wide.
All Colours.
7. Tweeds, Wool dyed, 27 to 2'J inches wide.
Double milled.
Single milled.
8. Foney Trowscrings.
C. F1..VNNEL.
1. Saxony Flannel.
White.
Coloured.
3. Various Flanuola.
I.aucaaliiro.
Heal Welsh.
Imitation Welsh.
Buth Coating.
D. BLANKtn^.
1. Cloth Blankets.
2. Sui)ertine Blankets.
3. Medium Blankets.
4. Ordinary Blankets.
E. Woollen Cloaki.no.
1. Ploin. .-'"<■
2. Mixtures.
.'). Fancy.
F. Skhues.
Long Ells, White and Coloured.
G. Tartans. '
1. Plain.
2. Foncy.
11. Worsted Stitf Goods.
1. Fabrics com|xiscd entirely of Wool.
Merinos. .
Shalloons, Sovs, Serges, and Ploinbatks.
Calimancoe, Plain and Figured.
Lostings, Princettos, Serges do Berry.
Coatings.
Do Laines. ,
Aiepiiins.
Duranis and Buntings.
Moreens. '
l»t.;nnsks.
Damaak Aprons, Damask Table Covcis, &o.
liussels.
Camlets.
2. Fabrics composed c- Wool and Cotton.
CulMurg and Parn.natta Cloths.
I'nion Dnublo Twills.
I'lain Orleans Cloths, Single and Double Warps.
Plain Muslin de Laiuoi, Bareges, &c.
Schawl Cloths.
INTO WIIIOII TilR EXIIIDITIUN IS IilVIDKI).
M
Union CfMUlnRi.
„ I.Mtlngi, PrinecttM, and BcnrM d« Berry,
flt«)ckin<KU.
Vanoy l,utlnf(i.
„ Woriteil bikI Ciitton OonUi,
I'l)(<ireil ColxiurKi, Orlrsiii, lie.
AiToiw, plain kihI fli(uri'il.
Itiningi, plain ami Hauled.
Unloi. UamMkii.
,, Uamaak TahlK Cuvcri, lifl.
3. Fsbrloi (omunwil nf WomI anil Hllk.
Hllk-warv < o))i>ur|n and Orlvaiii.
„ I)«>ubleTwllli,
„ (OatlnKt.
„ Ku^MI'ln.
8llk-wcft l.nstinx"-
Hllk-warp DanmiikH.
4. Fancy (iikhN ('iiii>\ii>iicil of Wmil, Kllk, and Cotton.
5. Fabrici comp<m<' uf Alpaca and Muhair mixed with
Cotton or HUk.
Plain Alpaca l.uttm,
,, MIxturri.
Twilleil Alpaca MIxtuiei.
Plain Molmir l.uatrpii.
8llk-war|i Alpaca l.tialres.
Alpaca an<l Moliair IdnliiKii.
„ Mohair, and Hllk Fanov OimmU,
„ IJmbrulla and Parnitol ('loth.
1. Woollen, WoKirrEo, Alpaca, ani> Moiiaiu Yamnh.
XIII. Silk ttiut Vulvet.
A. Silk Yabni.
I. 8niin Sllki.
'J. 'I'hrown Hllki.
3. Hewing Hilki.
B. Plain Silks.
1. Uro«, Sanneta, Peralant, Satinoti, Armurcs, and other
plain Bilks.
'2. HatliiB, black or coloured.
3. ArmozincB, nurattccs, and Herges.
4. Screes and liiitestringit, for Parusols and Umbrellas.
5. Urussclls, Ducapc, Kalin, and other pluin Cravats for
Men's wear,
0. Satin twilled and other plain Handkerchiefs for La-
dles' wear.
7. Bandanas, Corahs, and other Cloth for Printing.
8. Spun Silk Uandkerchiefs (for printing.)
C. Fancy Silks.
1. Shot, striped, checked, watered (moire), shaded,
clouded (chine), or striped with satin.
2. Floret, Damask, Tobiiic, Brocade, ond other Figurei'
Silks.
3. Figured Vestings, Cravats, and Scarfs.
4. Figured Handkerchiefs, Scarfs, Aprons, and Veils,
for Ladies' wear.
5. Parasol and Umbrella Silks figured, or with figured
borders.
(!. Furniture Damasks and Brocades.
7, Gold and Silver TissucB, figured and plain.
8. Figured Pocket Handkerchiefs for Uentlemcn's wear.
D. Velvets.
1. Plain Velvets, black and coloured.
2. Plain Terry.
3. Figured and Kmbossed Velvets.
4. Plush (Ladies', &c.)
5. Hat Plush.
£. GAU7.F.S AND CRAPF.S.
1. Lisse, Areophanc, and other Gauzes.
2. Plain and coloured Crapes.
3. Figured Gauze (Blonde, &c.).
4. Fancy Gauze or Crape llandkcrchicfs.
F. Plain Ribbons.
\. Sarsnet and Lutestring Ribbon.
2. Satin Ribbons.
3. Gauze Ribbons.
4. Velvet Bands or Bindings.
O. Fancy Ribbons.
1. Shot, striped, checked, shaded, clouded (chine), or
striped v'.h satin.
2. Figured or Brocaded^
3. Gauze or Crape, with brocaded or cut figures.
4. Embossed ?atin.
5. Figured or checked Velvet,
XIV, AftiHu/ucluimfripm flax ami Hemp,
A. Flax Fihmr.
1. Htnrprd, acutrhrd Flax Pllirr, both systems.
2. l,'iii<ti>p|H'il Flax Fllire rniin drird Htinw.
3. Ilar.klrd (''lax from both systems, and Macklnl Tow.
4. Tow (him both systems, and from th« uiistcrpvd
proct'ss,
5. Tow In the forms to mix with Wind.
0. Flax, Hemp, liii., preiwrml a« a substitute for Cotton
and Hllk.
B. Linrn Yahn and Tiirkad.
1. Linen Varii, Threail, (to. ; Fngllsh, flcoteh, and Irish
(Tow ami Linen lam, IJ to 4(l0 lea).
2. lland-SpiMi Threail as used for some nna Cambrics,
Itc, (24(1 to MK) laa).
3. Dyed Yarns and 'I'hreads of various ctdoius.
4. Dyed Ynriis and Threads to resemble Lustre of Kllk.
.'i. F(ax-Ctilun, Ilax-Fibro, Flax-Wool, and FUx-Mlk
Yarns,
fi. Flax Threail from unstceped Fibre.
C. Plain LiNr.NHor all widths, Blealiieii, UNULr.,iciiEi>,
AMD Died.
1. Convos—
F.iiKllsh. Scotch, Irish, French, Dutch, and Russian,
2. Henvy Linens —
As Crash, lturkabacks,(>lass (Moths, and Sheetings :
Yorkshire, Newark, Scotch, Drouhcda, Courtral,
(Shent, Russia. 'Fublng for Irrigation, anu
Banding for Machinery.
3. Irish Mainifacture —
Brown, Black, and coloured Linens.
4. PlndUas, ('reus. Btltaiiiilns, German ditto ditto.
5. Irish Linens and Slici'liiigs—
Courtral, (jhvnt, BicUfield, Prussian.
D. Damasks, Diapeiis, Dhiliji, and otiieu Twillei> Linens :
Bleaciieii, Unbleached, on Dved.
L Damasks and Dioiicrs—
F.nglish, Scotch, Irish, Saxon.
2. Drills—
Kngllsh, Scotch, Irish, French, Saxon, Russian.
3. Linen Velveteens, Linen Velvets, and Linen Cords.
E. CvMBBiCit, Cambhic and Linen Haniikkiiciiikes, Plain,
BoKiiEiiEii, K.MBi;oii>niEi>, Plain Piiintku ou
DvEii; PniNTED Linens, Lawns, Cambhics,
Bleached, Unble.\ciiei>, oh Dved.
1 Irish.
2. French.
3. Irish, Scotch, and Swiss Embroidering (iu Combric).
F. CoKDAdE OF ALL KINDS.
Roiics, Lines, Twines, Nets, &c.
XV.
Mixed Fnbrica, including Shawls ; but exclusive
of Worsted Goods. (Class XI I J
A. Mixed Woven Fabrics.
L Cotton Warp, ploin, watered, or figured.
Shot with Wool or Worsted. f"r Dresses, Damasks,
„ Mohnir.
„ Linen.
„ Silk.
„ Silk ond Worsted.
„ Silk and Cotton.
„ China Grass.
iVprons, Shoo and
Boot Cloths, Linings,
Cravats, Vestings,
Ponchos, Pantaloons,
Shawls, Scarfs, Coat-
ings, Tweeds, (Quill-
ings, Plaids, &c.
2. Spun Silk AVarp, plain, wotered, or figured.
Shot with Wool or Worsted. |
" J^t^'' Presses.
" Net Si"lk »•"""»''«'
;; S'lrkandWorsted. Vestings, 8cc.
„ All Cotton. J
3. Silk Worps, plain, watered, figured, or embossed.
Shot with ( 'otton. \
" Mnhli"/^""'"'*" TaWnels; Poplins;
linen ' Paramattas; Chnlis;
;; Cotton and Silk. ^f'^"" > <-«^l "«^^'e«,
„ Cotton & Worsted I *"^'
graduated. J
100
CLASSIKICATIOX OF SUBJECTS IN THE THIRTY CLASSES
' i
^^
i
1
ir
Linen AVarps, plain, watered, or figured.
Sliot wltli Wool or Worsted.
„ Moliair.
„ Cotton and Sillc. '
„ Sillc.
5. Cotton and Silk Warps, plain, watered, or flguria.
Siiot with Cotton.
Silk'"''' l^"'" Dresses, Articles
Furniture, Shawls, &c.
of
Worsted.
ChinaUross.
B. Shawls.
, Woven Showls.
Chenille, all Silk or Silk and Cottou.
Cashmere from the East.
Imitation Cashmeres, that is, Harness or Jaequard
Wove Shawls.
Plain Silk and Satin.
Figured Silk and Satin.
Crape, plain and embroidered.
Gauze, plain and figured.
Lace, plain and figured.
Shetland or knittted Woollen.
Barege, all Wool and Silk and Wool.
Grenadine and other thin texture, in Silk and Silk
and Wool.
Embroidere<l Lace, Silk, ar.d Cashmere.
Woollen, plain, tartan, and fancy.
Printed Shawls.
Barege.
Silk, including Silk, Grenadine, and other thin mix-
tures.
Cashmere.
Chine, or Shawls printed on the warp before they
are woven.
XVI. Leather, including Sadillenj nnd Harness, Skins,
Fur, Feathers, and Hair.
A. Leather.
1. Kough tanned Leather —
Tanned Butts.
„ Crop-hides.
„ OfFoi, I. e. Shoulders and Bellies.
„ Horse Butts.
„ Dressing-hides.
„ Horse-hides.
„ Kips.
„ Calf-skins.
„ Seal-skins.
„ Hog-skins.
„ Bnzils.
„ Varieties.
2. Curried Leather —
Curried Calf-skin, Russet (i. e. Natural Colour).
„ „ Waxed (/'. e. Black).
„ „ Butts, Kusactt.
„ „ Butts, 'Waxed.
„ Kips, Russett.
„ Kips, Waxed.
„ Cordovan, Waved.
„ Cordovan, Grain.
„ Shoe-hides.
„ Seal-skins.
„ Dog-skins.
„ Goat-skins.
„ Boot-legs.
„ Boot-fronts.
„ Vorietios.
„ Saildiers' Hides.
„ Rein-hides.
„ Collar-hides.
„ Chaise-hido".
,, Pouch and ^kabbard lUdes.
,, Powder Hides.
„ Bellows Hides.
„ Pipe Barks.
„ Bag lliiles.
„ Pig-skiiis.
„ Hog-skins.
„ Russia Leather.
»
»
Enamelled Leather —
Black EnumcUod Horse-hides.
Cow hides.
Calf-skins.
Seal-skins.
Goat-skins. r
Roans. .
Skivers. /
Coloured Enamelled Calf-skins.
„ Sheep-skins.
Black Japanned Horse-hides.
„ Cow-hides.
„ Calf-skins.
„ Slieep-skins.
Coloured Japanned Skins various.
4. Dyed Leather — ' * -
Dyed Morocco, /. e. (Goat-skins) for Furniture and
Coach Purposes.
„ Roan, I. e. (Sheep-skins) for Furniture and
Coach purposes.
„ Morocco, for Shoe purposes.
„ Roan ditto.
„ Roan ditto.
„ Morocco for Bookbinding and Pocketbooks,
&c.
„ Roan for Bookbinding and Pocketbooks, &c.
„ Skiver ditto ditto.
„ Calf ditto ditto.
Striped Seal-skin for Shoe-binding, &c.
„ Cape Sheep-skins „
„ Sheep „ „
„ Horse-hide „
5. Oil Leather —
Buck-skins, finished natural colour.
Doe „ „
Calf „
Lambs „ ,
Sheep „ )i ,
Ox ond Cow Hides „ ;
Buck-skins, dyed or coloured.
Doe „ „
Calf „
Lamb » „
Sheep „ „
6. White or Alum Leather —
Alumcd Horse-hides.
„ Calf-skins.
„ Sheep-skins strained white.
„ Lamb-skins „
„ Lamb-skins coloured.
„ Kid-skins for Gloves, White
„ „ „ Dyed.
„ Lamb-skins „
„ Sheep-skins „
„ Kid-skins for Shoes.
„ Calf-skins „
„ Sheep-skins „
„ Varieties.
Gai :er Leather.
7. Sheep and Skin Rugs —
Sheep and Lamb, Brown Rugg.
„ Coloured.
„ White.
Sheep Rugs for Cavalry Saddles.
Angola Goat, Coloured.
„ White.
Various Wild .Animal Skins for Rugg.
8. Parchment and Vellum.
Sheep-skin Parchment for Deeds.
„ „ Bookbinding, White.
„ „ „ Coloured.
Vellum for Bookbinding, White.
„ „ Coloured.
„ Painting.
„ Tambourinog.
„ Drum-heads.
„ Gunpowder-sieves.
B. SADDtERV AND HARNESS.
1. Harness ; Carriage, Gig, Cart.
2. Saddlery.
3. Whips.
C. Miscr.i.i.ANixiiis.
1. Leather Manufactures, such as Bellows, &o.
2. Braces, Webbing-belts, ttc.
INTO WHICH THE EXHIBITION IS DIVIDED.
101
\s manufac-
tured forMufis,
. Tippets, Trim-
mings, Cuffs,
&c.
As used abroad for
Dresses, and in
this coup.trj' for
Coat-linings,Cor-
riage Wrappers,
Ottomans, Foot-
Muffs, &c.
, Skins and Fur.
1. Sable and Martin —
Itussian or Siberian Sable . . .^
lludson's Bay Martin or Sable, next
in repute and value ....
The North American or Canadian
Baum or Wood Martin, a native of
tlie Forests of Germany, &c.
Stone Martin, living in rocks, old
ruined castles, buildings, &c.
English Martin
Dyed Sable and Martin . . . . '
2. Otter—
Nootka Sound, or Sea Ottcr'i As used in China for
Hudson's Bay and North I Koyal robes, and by
American Otter . • •> the J<ussian8,Chinese,
Europeon Otter . . . .( Greclcs and Persians,
Pull-dyed Otter ... .J for Caps, &c.
3. Fox -
Hudson's Bay and North AmC'
rican Black and Silver Fox
Blue Fox
White Fox
Bed Fox
Cross Fox
Grey Fox
KittFox
European Ked Fox . . .
4. Bear —
Black Bear of Hudson's Bay
and North America . .
Brown, or Isabella ....
Grey „ ....
European Grey and Black
Bear
Polar or White Bear ...
5. Beaver —
B«aver from Hudson's Boyl As made into Muffs,
ond North America . I Tippets, Cuffs, and
Manufactured . , . .( other articles of Ap
Dyed ditto
6. Swan.
Swan Skin
irntauie^rs'"^F»'Boas,Trimmings,Puffs,&c.
Swan Quills
7. Goose.
Goose Skin . • I Used os Swansdown.
Goose Down. . 5
8. Mink.
North American ond Hudson's Bay Mink ; as used
for Muffs, Tippets, Cuffs, &c.
9. Buffalo, for Sleigh Coverings, Open Carriages, and for
llailway puri«)St>3.
Hudson's Hay and North American Skins.
Army Clothing and
Accoutrement8,and
forll earth-rugs and
Sleigh coverings.
^1 As made
.1 Tippets,
. f other art
.J parel.
in I J
10,
Lynx
Lynxcat .
Dyed Lynx
Raccoon .
Wolf . .
Fisher .
Wolverin
H. Ermine or Weoscl tribe.
Ermine
As used in America, when dyed,
for Muffs and Tippets, and in
the undyed stote by the Chinese,
Greeks, and Persians. The Rac-
coon as linings of Shakos aud
Coats in Russia and Germany.
For general pur-
' poses of Ladies'
Apparel.
Weasel
Polecot or Fitch ....
Russian Fitch
Dyed Fitch
Kolinski and Dyed Kolinski
Kohrobk and Dyed Kolrosk
12. Seal.
South Gcorgio, Shetland, '
and Falkland Isles . .
Lomar's Island and Cope .
The Plucked and Manufac-
tured Seal
Seal when dyed
The Greenlond and New-
foundland Hair Seals .
The Labrador Spotted and
Silver Seal
The same in its dyed state .,
13. Musquash, or large North American Rat, for Lodieo'
wear, as for Mutfs, Boas, Ike.
""ITsfum * ' i'^*-*""-'" -'"*'"'*' 'i''PP«**> Ltnings,
Peruwiozka
Men's Coats and
Ladies' Dresses,
Muffs, Capes,Cuffs,
Cops, Waistcoats,
Shoes, Boots, &c.
;}'
Cuffs, &c.
Muffs, Tippets,
. Linings, Cull's,
&c.
. . . I
nb . .
14. Hare and Rabbit.
White Hair from Russia and t
the Polar Regions . . .
Europeon or Grey Hare
Hudson's Boy and North Ame
ricon Rabbit . . .
English Rabbit . .
Flemish Rabbit . .
Silver (Jrey Rabbit .
White Polish Rabbit
Black and Blue Rabbit
Australian Rabbit
Dyed Rabbit . . .
15. Lamb, &c.
Grey Russian Crimea Lamb ^
Black Ukraine Lamb
Black Astrachan Lamb
Persian Grey Lamb
Persian Black Lamb
Hungarian Lamb . . .
Spanish Lamb ....
English Lamb ....
16. Squirrel.
Black Russian ....
Blue Siberian ....
Kazan Siberian ....
American Squirrel . .
English Squirrel . . .
Indian Striped Squirrel .
Flying Squirrel ....
Dyed Squirrel ....
17. Chinchilla.
African Chinchilla . .
Buenos Ayres Chinchilla
Lima or bastard Chinchilla
18. Cat.
Dutch Cat or Jennet ... I For Coat Linings,
European Cat I Sleigh Coverings,
Wild Cat f Travelling Bags,
African Cot J &c.
Grebe . . •■■, . . )
Eider Duck . . . > For Ladies' use.
Penguin . . , . '
Tartar Foal . . . )
Angora Goat . . > Various purposes.
Dyed Goat ... J
Skins from the Tropics.
Lion ....
Royal Tiger . .
Cape Tiger . .
Leopard . . .
Panther . . .
Zebra ....
Antelope . . .
Black Monkey .
Antenter . . .
22. Miscellaneous— Moose Deer.
Deer.
Roebuck.
Badger ; the hair of the European badger, as used for
shaving-brushes, &c.
Mole, as made into articles of Ladies' apparel.
Feathers.
10.
20.
21
.■I
HI
For general pur-
poses of Dress.
For Ladies' wear,
and for Muffs,
Tippets, Cuffs,
Linings, Trim-
mings, &c.
As made into vari-
ous articles of
Ladies' Dress.
Mounted for Ornamental
purposes and for Furni-
ture.
1. Ostrich.
Aleppo ....
Magador ....
Alexandria . . .
Senegal ....
Cape
Algoa Bay . . .
Dyed
2. Marabouts.
JNIarabout Stork
Adjutant ....
Poddy or Rice Bird
White ...
Grey
Dyed
Rhea.
Long Flossy ,
Short Flossy .
Brown . .
As worn in Plumes on Court
occasions by Knights of
various Orders, ond for Mi-
litary purposes, also in their
application to general Dress
for Lodies and for Funeral
Plumes.
I As Plumes for Head Dresses,
Bonnets, Trimmings for
Dresses, Muffs, Tippets, ond
Fans, ond OS used with Gold,
Silver, or Pearls.
The Feathers known by the
Plumassiers as " Vulture's,"
and used for Ladies' wear,
mode up into fanciful forms,
ond for military purposes,
in America ; the common
sorts made into dusting-
V brooms.
102
CLASSIFICATION OF SUIUECTS IN THE THIRTY CLASSES
I
Osproy.
l.art!0 . . .
Small Egrctt .
5. Emu .
BinU of Pnrailiso.
Tlio Lorijc I''.incrnUl
The Smnll Emornld
Tlio King Bird . .
Ilcron.
Tlio lloroii . . .
The Wliife-hellioJ
Darter . . . .
9. Ibis.
Swan .
Turkey
Cock
Peacorks . . . .
Argus Pheasant .
Common Pheasant ,
Eagle
9. Miscellaneous . . .
F. Hair.
.The Feathers of the smnll
Ivgrott, ns used for Ladies
only, Those of the largo
Osprcy for Ladies, ami tlio
Feathers of the hack, ns
used for Military Plumes
, for the Hussar Kogimonts.
I Tlio Feathers vaiyiiig in
shades, as used in their na-
tural colour for Ladies'
Bonnets, and dyed darker
colours and block.
I The Birds, as worn by per-
sons of rank in tho East,
also by Ladles in Europe
and America, arranged as a
Bird.
The Feathers of the head
and breast of tho Andrea
eineren, as U8C<1 for Ladies,
and by Kniglits at their in-
stallation. Those from tho
back of the I'lotus anhint/a,
ns used in England by La-
dies, nnd in the Eastern
Countries by Princes and
\ persons of Bank.
iTIie Feathers of their natural
scarlet colour, as made into
Wreaths for tho Mend.
[ For Ladies' Bonnets and
I Military Plumes.
{The Down of these Birds as
used for Ladies' Plumes and
Trimmings.
I The Feathers of the neck,
back, and tail made into
Plumes for I^adies' and
Children's Hats and Mili-
tary Plumes.
For Plumes and Screens.
I'rho Feathers marked with
I eves, as used, the small for
I Illumes, the large for Tiaras
{ for the head.
Mode into Trimming.
I The Feathers forming the
wing of this Bird as used
I for the Highland Bonnet.
The Feathers of the Jay,
Duck, Grebe, and Tuean, as
also several Birds from the
Tropics, in their applica-
tions to Ladies' dresses.
1. Hair as a sulistitute for Human Hair, as Wigs,
Curls, Fronts, &c.
2. Ornaments in Hair, as Plumes, Bracelets, Guards,
&e. (See also XXIII. C.)
3. Hair Cloth for the purposes rf Furniture.
4. Hair for miscellaneous pur^ioses, as for stuffing Fur-
niture.
XVII. Paper and Stationer;/, Printintfi and Book-
binding.
A. Paper in tjie Raw State as it lkaves the Mill.
1. Brown Popcr and Packing Papers.
2. Millboards and Glazed Boards for pressing.
.1. Printing I'apers.
4. Drawing Pajierg.
!>. Writing Papers.
6. Tissue Papers, white and tinted.
7. Papers tinted in tho Pulp.
8. Tracing Papers, made so in the Pulp.
9. Papers ornamented in the Water-mark.
10. Cartridge Paper.
B. Articles or Stationery.
1. Envelopes, plain and omomental.
2. Embossed and Lace Papers.
3. Printed Fancy Popcrs and Surface-coloured Pajwrs,
Printed and Embossed Umamciits.
4. AVcddlng Stationery (Cards, Papers, and Envelopes).
,'>. Alouriiing Stationery (Cards, Papon, and Enve-
lopes).
C. Specimens of Ornamenting, Glazing, and Packcting
Writing Papers.
7. Sealing-wax ond Wafers. >
8. Pens.
9. Small AVares for Stationery.
10. Tracing Pafwr, mode transparent by Varnishes,
11. Inks of all kinds.
C. Pasteboauds, CAiins, &c.
1. Playing Cards.
2. Message Cards, plain and ornamental.
3. Drawing Boards.
4. Mounting Board, plain and ornamental.
.'). Pasteboard and Cardboard.
D. Paper and Scalebo.vuu Boxes, Cartons (Cabton-
nkhie).
All kinds of Boxes and Cases made of Pasteboard and
Paper (not being Papier-maclic), plain or ornamented.
E. Printing (not incluoino Fine Art Printing).
1, Type-printing generally.
2. Printing Inks and Vuruishea.
F. BOOKBINDISO, &c. ': •
1. Binding in Cloth.
2. „ Vellum,
3. „ Leather.
4. „ Velvet.
5. „ Wood, Papier-mache, or Metal.
6. Albums, Scrap-books, Portfolios, Music-books, Ma-
nuscript-books, Memorandum-books.
7. Ledgers and Account-books.
8. Blotting-cAses, Desks, Cabinets, Pocket-books, Card-
cases, Note-cases, &c.
9. Portc-munnaic, and other Articles of a similar na-
ture.
XVIII. Wot^en, Spun, Felted, and Laid Fabrics,
when slioum as specimens of Printing or Dyeing,
A. Printing or Dyeing op Woollens, or any Mousse-
line DE Soie, de Laine, or Alpaca Mixture.
1. Mousseline do Laine, de Soie, &c. —
Made of all Wool.
„ Cotton and Wool.
Cashmere —
Made of all Wood.
„ Cotton and Wool.
Barege —
Made of Silk nnd Wool.
„ Cotton and Wool.
,, all Wool.
„ Cotton, Silk, and Wool.
Batzarine, plain and figured —
Made of Cotton and Wool.
„ Silk ond Wool.
„ Cotton, Silk, nnd Wool.
2. Printed or Dyed Cotton or Silk Warps, afterwords
woven, known as Chine.
3. Printed Woollen Table-covers.
„ „ Japanned.
4. Printed and Dyed Silks— .
India Coralis in the Grey,
„ dyed.
„ printed in England.
India Bandanas ftied and dyed in India).
„ Clioppohs (printed in India).
British Corahs in the Grey.
„ dyed.
„ printed.
British Twills in the Grey.
„ dyed.
„ printed.
British Spun Silks, printed.
British Cambrics, printed.
„ dyed.
British Spun Silk Dresses, dyed.
„ „ printed.
British Corah Dresses, printed.
India Corah Dresses, printed.
Printed China Crapo Shawls.
INTO WHICH THE EXHIBITION IS DIVIDED.
108
X)NS (Cartok-
B. PiMNTED Calicoes, Cambrics, Muslins, Velvet, and
Velvih-eens —
1. Cottons printed by Machines only.
„ by Block only.
„ parti V by Block aii' Maclilnory.
Turkey-red, printed or dyed,
„ „ Mules.
Muslins printed by Macliinery.
„ by Block only.
„ partly by Block and Machinery.
Prints and Furniture by Machine only.
„ by Block only.
„ partly Block and Machine.
2. Handkerchiefs for the pocket, head, neck, and
shoulders.
Single Colours, blue ground, &c.
Assorted Colours, fast and loose.
Turkey-red, Bandanas printed.
„ „ discharged.
,, Chintz pattern.
Printed Border Handkerchiefs.
Imitation Cambric.
„ Fancy Muslin.
Imitation Java batticked Handkerchiefs.
Printed Aprons.
3. Printed Shawls and Dresses.
Shawls, assorted Colours . .(part with fringe,
„ Turkey-red, or purplcj part without.
Java Sarongs batticked.
„ Turkey-red.
Java Slendrongs, Turkey-red, and 'lU licked.
Malay Chindey or Imitation.
Bombay Patolio.
Slam Shawls.
Scarfs.
Dresses.
B. DvED Cotton Goods.
Cambrics and Madapolones, assorted Colours.
„ Turkey-red.
Imitation blue Morries and Basstas.
Long Cloths of all kinds.
Mull and Book Muslin of all kinds.
Cotton Drills (blue).
Velvet.
Velveteens.
D. DvED Linen Goods.
Print<*d Linens.
Cambric Handkerchiefs.
Lawn Shirt Fronts.
Lawn Hankcrchiefs.
E. DvEiNO OR Printing or Leather, IIair, Fur, etc.
XIX. Tapestry, including Carpets and Floor-cloths,
Lace, JStnbroidery, Fancy and Industrial Work.
A. Tapestry.
1. Carpets of all kinds in which the Pattern is produced
by Weaving or by the Hand, in the manner of
Tapestry proper, including Hall Carpets, Bugs,
Stair, &c.
a. Axminster Carpets, Flax or Jute, Chain,Woollen,
or Worsted Pile, worked by hand.
b. Table and Chair Covers, &c., worked in the
same way.
c. Patent Axminster Carpets, manufactured at Glas-
gow, made firstly as a woven Fringe, and that
adapted aftcrv ards to a thick Flax surface.
d. Potent Tapestry Carpet, Pottcm printed in warp,
any number of Colours used ; Table-covers
and Curtains, made in same way.
e. Patent Tapestry Hugs, Velvet Pile Surface, with
a thick weft shoot of Cotton, Flax, or other
material.
/. Brussells and Velvet Pile Carpet.
g. Tapestry Brussells Carpets, called Moquette, of a
fine quality.
h. Kidderminster and Venetian Carpet,
t. Potent Mosaic Tapestry and Rugs, where the
cut Wool is fixed to a ground hy caoutchouc, &c.
j. Printed Felt Carpet, Plain and Printed Drusgets,
Printed and Embossed Clotli for Table-covers
and Curtains.
A. Potent I'rintcd Carpets with Terry Pile Surfare ;
the snino Mof|iictte for Curtains or Furniture.
/. Cloth lOmbroidered by Machinery for Tohle-
covers or Curtoins.
2. Matting of Hemp, Cocoa-nut Fibre, Straw, Kecils,
ond Grosses, for Floor and Wolls.
3. Oil-cloth for Floor or Table, whether painted or
printed.
4. Wover or Embroidery, Crochet ond Net Work.
5. Counterpanes and Quilts for Bed-covers ; Quilting
ond Dimity for Bed-room Hanging.
C. Ornamentol Tapestry of Silk, Wool, Linen, Mohair,
Cotton, or of these Matcriols mingled together, or
with Metal Wi'cs, whether woven in the Loom or
of any kind of Needlework, but of Patterns having
so much artistic excellence as to entitle them to bo
exhibited in Section XXX. as Works of fine Art.
B. Lace.
1. Pillow Lace, the article or fabric being wholly made
by hand (known os Valenciennes, Alechlin, Honi-
ton, Buckingham) ; or guipure mode by the Crochet
Needle ; ond Silk Loce, called " Blonde " when
white, and Chantilly, Puy, Grommont, ond Block
Buckinghamshire when block.
2. Loce, the ground being Machine-wrought, the Oma-
meutntion mode on the Pillow and afterwards ap-
plied to the (iround (known as Brussells, Uoniton,
or oppliquce Loce.)
3. Mochiue-mode Nets ond Quillings, wholly Ploin,
whether Warp or Bobbin (known as Bobbin Net,
Tulles, Blondes, Cambroie, Mechlins, Moiines, Brus-
sells, Alenfon, &c.).
4. Lace, the (iround being wholly made by Machine ;
partly Ornamented by Machine ond portly by Hand,
or wholly Ornamented by liond, whether Tam-
boured, Needle-Embroidered, or Darned.
5. Loco octuoUy Wrought and Ornamented by Machi-
nery ; comprising Trimming Laces of every de-
scription. Veils, Falls, Scarfs, Shawls, Loppets,
Curtains , &c.
C. Sewed and Tamboured Muslins.
Ladies' Collars, Cuffs, &c.
Children's llobes.
Handkerchiefs.
Trimmings and Insertions.
Vest Pieces.
Shirt Fronts.
Monties.
Dresses.
Curtains, &c.
D. Embroidery.
1. Gold and Silver and Glass.
2. Silk, 08 Shawls, Dresses, Mantles, Toble Covers,
and Curtains, &c.
3. Berlin Wool, Choir Covers and Foncy Articles for
the Drawing-room.
4. Embroidery by Machinery.
E. Fringes, &o.
1. Fringes, Tassels, Gymps, &c., suitable as Trimmings
for Upholstery.
2. Ditto tor Dresses and other fine Work.
F. Fancy and Industrial Works.
1. Beriin Wool Work.
2. Needlework.
3. Miscellaneous Industrial Works.
I
XX. Articles of Clothing for Immediate Personal
or Domestic Use.
A. Hats, Caps, and Bonnets.
1. Hats, made of Silk, Beaver, or other materials, for
Men.
2. Caps, for Men.
3. Bonnets of Strow, Silk, or other material.
a. British Chip Bonnet made from the Poplar.
b. Willow Boimet.
c. Brazilian GrnsM II ii(M,
el. Tuscan mill I. tj^liorn Ploiting and Bonnets.
e. Straw I'Init Bonnets.
f. Sliaw Trimmings and Bonnets.
".(/. Horse-hair Trimmings and Bonnets.
"/(. Silk and other Bonnets made by Milliners.
104
CLASSIFICATIOX OF SUIUECTS IN TIIE THIRTY CLASSES
If
U. Hosiery.
1. Cotton.
2. Woollen.
3. Linen.
4. Silk.
C. Gloves.
1. Mode of Leather or Skins.
2. Made of any otiicr mntcrinlg.
D. Boots, Shoes, and Lasts.
1. Sladc of liCntlier.
2. Made of otlicr mntcriala,
E. Undeb Clotiiino.
1. For Ladies.
2. For Gentlemen.
F. Upper Clotiiinh
1. For Ladies, including nil kinds of Millinery.
2. For Gentlemen, including nil kinds of Tailor's-work.
XXI. Cutler)/ and Edge-tools.
A. Cltlery, sticit AS Knives anu Forks, Pen ani> Pocket
Knives, Kazoiis, Scissors, and Siikviis.
1. Knives and Forks —
Table, Dessert, Carving.
Dessert or Fruit, with plated and silver blades.
Cake and Melon Carvers, „ „
Fish Knives and Forks, „ „
2. Spring Knives —
Pen and Pocket Knives of every description.
Hunting and Sportsmen's Knives.
3. Knives of all other descriptions —
Paper Knives of all kinds.
Desk or Office Knives.
Palett', Knives.
Knives for Hunting and Self-defence, as Coutcaux-
de-Clmsse, Bowie Knives, &c.
Knives for Kitchen and Domestic Purposes, as
Cooks', Oyster, Onion, Bread and Butter, and
Cheese Knives.
Knives used in various Trades, as Butchers', Shoe-
makers', Glaziers', Gardeners', &c.
4. Scissors and Shears—
Larlies' Work and Cutting-out Scissors of every
description.
Kail, Button-hole, Barbers', and Trimming Scissors.
Shears used in various Trades, as Tailors', Brush-
makers', & :.
Gorden and Sheep Shears.
.'). Bazors of all kinds.
6. Miscellaneous —
Corkscrews, Button-hooks, Boot-hooks, Nail-nip-
pers, Noil-files, Tweezers, &c.
B. Files and other small EmiE Tools, not incliiueu
IN Manufactlrino Tools in Section VI.
1. Files and Edge-tools used by Engineers, Smiths, or
other Metal Workers.
2. „ for purpobcs of Building, by Masons,
Bricklayers, and Plastorcrs.
3. „ for fine .Metal and otlier work, as for Clock
and Watch makers, .lewollers, 1 apida-
ries, Engravere, and Modellers.
„ for Wood-work, ns for (.'arpenters, Joiners,
Cnbinet-mnkcrs, Coopers, &c.
„ for Leather or Skins, as for Saddlers, Cur-
riers, Shoemakers, and Bookbinders.
Drawing, Artists', and Engraving Instruments.
Files and Edge-tools for other purposes than those
specified.
4.
XXJI. Iron and General Hardware.
A. Brass AIanufacture.
1. Cabinet and general Brass Foundry, consisting of
Hinges, Fastenings, I'.scutcheons, Boll-pulls, Brass-
foundry used in Ships, Knockers, Door-springs,
Castors, &c. i » >
2. Plumbers' Bross Foundry, Cocks, Valves, Pumps,
Water-closets, &c.
3. Stamped Brass Foundry, Cornices, Curtain-bands,
Finger-plates, &c.
4. Gas-fittings, Brackets, Chandeliers, Miliars, Gas Burn-
ers, and (.'onsumcrs' Meters, &c.
5. Tubing, plain and ornamental.
U. Metallic Bedsteads, Brass and Iron.
7. Chandeliers, Lamps, and Candelabra, for Oil, Candles,
or Camphinc, and Lamp Chains.
8. Itailway and Carriage Brass Foundry, ond Signal
Lamps and Lantenis.
9. Bronze Figures, Busts, and Chimney Ornaments.
10. Bells, House, Church, Ship, Table, &c., and Alarums.
11. Candlesticks, Table and Bedroom.
12. Monumental Brasses and Ecclesiastical Brass-work.
13. Copper and Steel Plates for Engravers.
14. Miscellaneous.
B. Copper, Zinc, Tin, Pewter, and General Braziery.
1. Kettles, Coalscuttles, Coppers, Saucepans, Steamers,
Plate-wnim.'rs, &c.
2. Bronze<l Tea and Coffeo Urns, Kettles, &c.
3. Tubing— Copper, Tin, Lead, &c.
4. Pewter, (icrman Silver, and Britannia-mctol Tea-
pots, Basins, Dishes, Spoons, Ladles, Inkstands, &c.
6. Cotlin Furniture — Plates, Escutcheons, &c.
C. Zinc Articles generally.
C. Iron Manufacture. (See also I. and V.)
1. Stoves, Grates, Fenders and Fire Irons, Kitchen
Itanges, Cooking Apparatus, Smoke-jacks.
2. Warming Apparatus, for Halls and Booms, Ships, &c.,
either by Water, Coal, Coke, Wood, Chnrcoal, or
(■as.
3. Shower, Vapou', Air, and Warm-water Baths.
4. Ventilators— Metallic and others.
,■). Pipes and Gutters, &c.
0. Locks and Hinges.
7. fiieneral Ironmongery.
8. Ice Machines.
1). Knife-cleaning Machines.
10. Letter-copying Machines ond Presses,
11. Saddlers' Ironmongery.
^12. Hollow Wore, cast ond wrought, tinned ond ena-
melled.
13. Spades, Shovels, Pickaxes, Hoes, Rakes, Gordcn-rol-
lers, &c. (See olso S. IX.)
14. Nails, cut, cast, and wrought, in Iron, Copper, ond
other Sletals.
15. Screws and Railway Bolts, &c.
It). Iron Safes, Cosh-boxes, fire-proof ond otherwise.
17. Horse-shoes.
18. Gates, Railings, Hurdles, and Stable Fittings.
11). Mangles, Washing Machines, &c.
D. Steel Manufacture.
1. Tools and heavy Steel Toys, Hammers, Vices, &c.
2. Steel Ornaments, and light fancy Steel Toys, Brooches,
Buckles, &c.
3. Steel Pens and AletoUic Pens.
4. Needles, Fish-hooks, and Fishing Tackle.
E. Buttons, etc.
1. Buttons — Metallic, Florentine, Peorl, Bone, &c.
2 Metal Boxes, Watch Boxes, &c.
F. Wire Work, &c.
1. Wire (ionze, for AVindow Blinds, Fencing, Pheo-
sanlry, Birdcages. &c.
Wire — Iron, Brass, Steel, and Copper.
Pins — white and black.
Hooks and Eyes.
Aletallic Wire Baskets.
Wire Rope.
XXIII. Worhing in Precious Metals and in their
imitations; Jewellery, and all Articles of Virtu and
Lu3tiry not included in the other Classes.
A. CoM.vuNiON Services.
As Altar-dishes, Flagons, Chalices, Patens, Plates, 8tc.
B. Articles of (ioLn and Silver Plate, for Decora-
tive PiiiPosES ANi> Presentation Pieces.
1. Racing Prizes, Testimonials, allegorical, historical,
and emblematic Groups and C.'ompositions, Shields,
Centre Pieces, Vasci, Tozzas, Ewers, Salvers,
Cnndelabrn. &c.
2. The same Articles made in hammered or repousse
metal.
INTO WHICH THE EXHIBITIOX IS DIVIDED.
105
liars, Gas Burn-
C. Smaller Articles for more General Domestic Use.
1. for the Dinner Table; as Smaller Candelabra with
branches, Candlesticks, Centre Pieces, Soup and
Sauce Tureens, Covered Dishes, Smaller Mounted
Dishes, Flat Dishes, Flower-stands and Epergnes,
Dessert Scrvice8,Table and Dessert Knives,Spoons,
and Forks, Salvers, Bread and Cake Baskets, Claret
Jugs, Wine Coasters, Cruet Frames, Mustard Pots,
Salts, &c.
2. Breakfast and Tea-table Service ; as Tea and Coffee
Urns and Kettles, Tea and Coffee Pots and Stands,
Su^ar Basins, Milk and Cream Jugs, Ewers and
Basins, Toast Hacks, &c.
S. Dressint; and Library Table and Travelling Utensils ;
as Inkstands and Writing Appendages, Dressing
Cases and Instruments, &c.
4. Miscellaneous; as Watch and Clock Coses, Toys, Pen-
cil Cases, Seals and Keys, Filagree Baskets and
Urnaments.
D. Electho-plateo Goods op all descriptions, compre-
hending ALL THAT CAN BE EXECVTED IN SiLVER
AND OTHER Mt.TALS.
E. Sheffield and other Plated Goods.
Centre and Side covered Dishes and Warmers, Soup
Tureens, Cruet Frames, Liqueur Frames, Pickle
ditto. Candlesticks and Branches, Candelabra,
Bread and Cake Baskets, Snuffers and Trays,
Tea and Coffee Services, Teatrays, Hand Waiters,
Claret Jugs, Decanter Stands, Sugar Stands, Flower
Stands, Nut Crackers, Grape Scissors, Mustard
Pots, &o.
F. Gilt and Or-jiolu Work.
1. Gilt hy the Electro process.
2. Gilt by amalgamation, or " Water Gilding."
3. Imitation Jewellery and Toys.
G. Jewellery.
1. Works exhibiting the Precious Stones and Pearls, as
Diamonds, Uubies, Sapphires, Emeralds, Opals,
Turquois ; and the manner of setting them in
Crowns, Coronets, Stars, Orders, Tiaras, Head Or-
naments, Bouquets, Necklaces, Bracelets and
Armlets, Presentation Snuff Boxes, Brooches, Ear
Pendants, Medallions, Studs, and Buttons.
2. Ornaments similar to those of the former class, in
which are exhibited the setting of the inferior
Stones, Amethysts, Topazes, Carbuncles, Aqua-
marines, Jacinths, Crysoph rases, Carnelians,
Onyxes, whether plain or set. Cameos or Intaglios,
Engraved Shells, &c. &c.
3. Ornaments made of Gold, whether plain or ena-
melled; as Bracelets, Brooches, Necklaces, Ear-
rings, Pins, Waist-Buckles, Chains, Buckles, Studs,
Chatelaines, &c. &c. &c.
4. Jewellery by imitations of Precious and other Stones.
5. Ornaments worked in Ivory, Jet, Horn, Hair, and
other materials, of wliich the Precious Stones or
Metals do not form tiie principal feature.
H. Ornaments and Toys worked in Iron, Steel, and
otheh Metals which are NErrHEK Precious
Metals nor Imitations of them, as Chatelaines
•vu> OF Steel, Chains of Steel, Sword-hilts, Cut
Steel Shoe and Knee Buckles, Berlin Iron
Ornaments, Chains, Necki.ace8, Bracelets, etc.
I. Enamelling and Damascene Work.
1. Enamellingof subjects on Gold and Precious Metals.
(Except when shown in the Section of Fine Arts.)
2. Damascene Work, or insertion of one Metal in
^ . another, not included in the above-named Classes,
as forming a minor ingredient in some more im-
portant species of Manufactures.
J. Articles of Use or Curiosity
previous Enumeration.
>ot included in the
or repousse
XXIV. Glass.
A.. AViNDOw Glass, including Sheet Glass, Crowk Glass,
and Coloured Sheet Glass.
1. Crown.
2. Sheet.
3. Blown Plate Glass, silvered and unsilvered.
4. Coloured Sheet, Pot Metal, or flashed.
!>. Glass Ventilatoi-s.
6. Glass Shades, round, oval, and square.
B. Painted and other kinds of Ornamented Window
Glass.
1. Enamelled, Embossed, Etched, painted white, or co-
loured Window Glass.
2. Painted and Leaded Svindows.
C. Cast Plate Glass.
1. Itough Plote.
2. Ground and polished, silvered and unsilvered.
3. Pressed Plate.
4. Itolled Plate, white <vnd coloured.
D. Bottle-Glass.
1. Ordinary Bottle-glass, including Moulded Bottles.
2. Medicinal Bottle-glass, including Phials, &c., blown
and moulded, of all kinds and shapes.
3. White Bottle-glass, Blown, Pressed, and Moulded
Bottles.
4. Water-pipes and Tubing.
E. Glass for Chemical and PinLOSornicAL Apparatus.
1. Glass for Matras, Retorts, and other kinds of Chemi-
cal and Philosophical Apparatus.
2. Water-pipes and Tubing.
F. Flint Glass oh Crystal, with or wiTiioirr Lead,
WHITE, coloured, AND ORNAMENTED FOR TaULE
Vases, etc
1. Blown.
2. Moulded and Pressed.
3. Cut and Engraved.
4. Reticulated and spun with a variety of colours, in-
crusted, flashed, enamelled of all colours, opales-
cent, imitation of Alabaster, gilt, platinised, sil-
vered, &c.
5. Gloss Mosaic, Milleflori, Aveuturinc, and Venetiau
Glass Weights, &o.
Beads, imitation Pearls, &c.
Chandeliers, Candlesticks, and nil Gloss Apparatus
for Lamps, Candlesticks, Girandoles, Wall Brackets,
with or without drops, &c.
Optical Glass, Flint and Crown.
1. Rough Discs of Flint and Crown, to make Lenses
for Telescopes, Microscopes, Daguerreotype and
Calotype Apparatus, &c.
2. Flint and Crown, blown or cast in plates for the
Optician.
3. Thin Glass for Jlicroseopes.
4. Refractive Apparatus, Prismatic Lenses for Light-
houses. (See also Class J.)
6.
7.
XXV. Ceramic Mamifactures, — Porcelain, Earlheii'
ware, ^x.
A. Porcelain, Hard.
1. Chinese.
2. Japanese.
3. Continental, as Berliu, Meissen, &«.
B. Statuary Porcelain.
1. Statuary,
2. Parian.
3. Carrara.
C. Tender Porcelain.
1. English Porcelain, soft or t«nder.
2. French, with Silicious body.
D. Stoneware, Glazed Awa Unglazed.
1. Ironstone, or Stone China, glazed.
2. White Stone body, unglazed.
3. Coloured body, Jasper. „
4. „ Egyptian black, unglazed.
5. „ Red, „
6. „ Cane, „
7. 1, Drab, „
8. Brownwarc, with salt glaze. (The Lambeth, Ches-
terfield, and Beauvais manufactures are included in
tlllR olflSS J
9. Chemical iitensils. (Those ore made both in Stone-
ware and Hard Porcelain).
E. Earthenware.
1. White botly for Printing, Painting, or Enamelling
in different Colours.
2. Common Croam-colour,
3. Green glazed ware.
4. Rockingham „
I
I
loe
CLASSIFICATION OF SUBJECl'8 IK THE THIRTY CLASSES
5. Delft ware.
6. Mi\)ol!ca ware.
7. Mo<jha and Dippod ware.
8. Common l.ca(l glazed ditto, for utenaili,
9. Coloured body, Turquoise.
10. „ Drab.
U. „ Olive.
19. „ Buff.
18< „ Cottage brown,
F. Terha Cotta.
1 . Vases and Gardcn-pota.
3. Ornaments for Arcnltecture.
3. Encaustic or Inlaid Tiles.
4. TcssoriB of various colours, compressed from pow-
dered clay.
6. Superior Plain Tiles for Pavements, ditto ditto.
6. „ Bricks, ditto, ditto.
7. „ Kooflng Tiles, ditto, ditto.
8. Chimney Pipes.
9. Common Bricks.
10. „ Itoofltig Tiles, &c.
G. Ornamented or Decoiiateu.
1. Ornamented on Biaqtie —
Painted by hand.
Printed and transferred in various colours.
2. Ornaraonted on Me^/aze.
Painted by hand.
Printed by the press.
Printed by hand.
Gold Lustre.
Silver „
Steel „
Enamelling in various colours.
Gilding.
H. Productions vott Arciiitectura' Purposes.
D. MANUrACTUIIES IN MaRBLES, GnANTTlS, PonPHTRIES,
Alabaster, Spar, i^'c, for useful or orna-
mental PURPOSFg.
1. For Construction and external Decoration.
2. For internal Decoration (not Furniture), as Chimney-
pieces, &o.
3. For articles of Furniture, as Tables, &o.
4. For purposes of mere Ornament.
E. Inlaid Work in Stone, Marble, and other Mineral
Substances.
F. Orna-uentalWorkin PLAffrER,CoMFosrrioN, Scaoliola,
Imitation Marble, etc.
Combinations op Iron and other Mbfals wrrn Glass
AND OTHER SUBSTANCES FOR VARIOUS USEFUL PUR-
POSES.
1. For Architoctural purposes.
2. For Miscellaneous purposes.
G
XXVI. Decoration Fu>".iilure and Upholstery, includ-
ing Paper-hangings, Papier-mache, and Japanned
Goods.
A. Decoration ob ierallv, includino Ecclesiastical
Decoration.
1. Kcclesiostical Decoration generally.
2. Ornamental coloured Decoration, as executed by hand.
3. Imitations of Woods, Marbles, &c., ditto.
4. Itelievo Decoration, mechanically produced.
B. FuuNrruitE and Uphoi^terv.
1. Cabinet Work, plain.
2. Cabinet Work, carved or ornamental,
3. Mrrqueterie, inlaid Work, in Woods, &c.
4. Buhl or Metallic inlaid Work.
.'>. Chairs, Sofas, and Beds, and general Upholstery.
C. PAPER-HANOrXCS.
1. Dnmask Patterns.
2. Flower Patterns.
3. FInck nnd Metal Papers.
4. Dccorntive Paper-hangings by Block-work.
.'>. „ „ by any other Process.
6. Macliinc-printod Paper-hangings.
D. PAPiF.it-MAciiG, Japanned Goods, Pearl, and Tortoise-
shell Work.
1. Papier-mache', japanned, inlaid, and decorated.
2. Paplcr-mache (not japanned), produced in ornamental
forms for decoration.
3. .Japanned Goods in Iron, &c.
' 4 Pearl and Tortoisesbell Work,
XXVI. Manufactures in Mineral Substances used
for Building or Decoration, as in Marble, Slate,
Porphyries, Cements, Artificial Stones, ^-c,
A Manufactures in common Stones.
1. For Building, and constructions not strictly decora-
tive.
2. For Decorative purposes.
Manufactures in Slate.
1. For Construction.
2. For Decoration.
C. Manufactures in Ccmemt and Artificial Stone.
B
XXVIII. Manufactures from Animal and Vegetable
Substances, not being Woven, Felted, or included in
other Sections.
A. MANUFACTURr.8 FROM CAOUTCHOUC.
1. Impermeable Articles.
Boots.
Holdsworth's Life Preservers^
Captain Smith's „
> Hydrostatic Beds,
; Air
Water Cushions,
Gas Bags.
Printers' Blankets.
Cloaks, Capes, Coats, Pidctots, &c.
Boots and Shoes,
Over Shoes, or Goloslies.
Fishing Boots.
Deck „ \
Ship Sheets. 6
Bellows.
Ail-pump Valves for Steam Engines.
Sponge Baths and Bags.
Prepared Water and Air proof Textures of every
description.
2. Elastic Artic.es.
Kailway and otlier Carriage Springs.
„ Buffers.
Valve Canves.
Knoe Caps.
Surgical Bottles.
Pump Buckets and Valves.
Bands and Rings for Letters and Packages.
Writing Tablets.
Trouser Straps.
Gussets for Boots.
Vest Backs.
Washers for Flange and Socket Joints.
Driving Bands for Machinery,
Railway Felt.
Wheel Tires.
E. Smith's Torsion Springs for Window-blinds and
Shades.
Door Springs.
Dr. Bell's Sewer and Sink Valves
Hodge's Projectile and Lifting Straps.
Air-pump Valves.
Elastic Webbing. \
Cricket Gloves and Balls.
Stoppers for Decanters, Bottles, Jars, and other
vessels.
3. Articles in Caoutchouc— Moulded, Embossed, Co-
loured, and Printed.
Bas-reliefs.
B'lgs.
Maps, printed on Caoutchouc.
Sheets, in Colour.
Embossed and Printed Ornaments.
Garters, Bracelets, &c., Embossed, Coloured, or
Printed.
Bottles, Embossed and in Colours.
Emlmssed Sheets for Seats and other Purposes.
Vulcanized Articles combined with Metal — such as
Decanter Stoppers, Inkstands, Cocks and Taps
for Fluids, Hinges, Looks and Bolts, Wheel
Tires, Plugs for ustems. Linings of Vessels, &c.
INTO WHICH THE EXHIBITION IS DIVIDED.
107
B. Manufactures from Gutta Percha.
1. For WaterproofliiB Purposes.
2. For Agricultural Uses, as Tubing for Manure, &o.
3. For Maritime Purposes, as Speaking Trumpets, Life
Buoys, Life Boats, Cords, Tiller Ilopcs, kc.
4. Decorative Uses, 08 Ornamental Mouldings, Braclcets,
Medallions, Picture Frames, f^n.
5. Surgical, Electrical, and Cticmical Uses, as Dissolved
Uutta Porcha for Wounds, Stethoscopes, Splints,
Ear Trumpets, &c.. Carboys, Funnels, AcidVessels,
&o., Covenng of Telegrapti Wire, Insulating Stools,
&o.
6. Domestic and Miscellaneous Uses, as Soles for Shoes,
Linings of Cisterns, Conveyance of Water and
Gas, Hearing Apparatus, &o.
C. Manufactures from Ivorv, Tortoisgsiieli» Shells,
BoME, Horn, Bristles, and Veqetablb Ivory.
D. General Manufactures from Wood (not being Fur-
niture).
1. Turnery,
a. Carving, &o.
3. Coopers' Work of all kinds.
4. Basket and Wicker work.
5. Miscellaneous Wood work.
E. Manufactures from Straw, Grass, and other similar
Materials.
F. Miscellaneous Manufactures from Anoial and Vboe-
TABi^E Substances.
XXIX. Miscellaneous Manufaaurea and Small
Wares.
A. Perfumery and Soap.
B. Articles for Personal Use, as Writino Desks,
Dressing Cases, Workboxes, when not exhi-
bited IN connexion with Precious Metals
(XXIII.), AND Tkavellino Gear generally.
C. Artificial Flowers.
D. Candles, and other meaks of giving Light.
E. Confectionery of ali. kinds.
F. Beads and Toys, when not of Hardware, Fans, etc.
G. Umbrellas, Parasols, Walking-sticks, etc.
H. Fishing Tackle of all kinds, Archery.
I. Games of all kinds.
J. Taxidermy.
K. Other Miscellaneous Manufactures.
FINE ARTS
{So far at tluy come within the limitatiotu of the ExhibitioH).
XXX. Sculpture, Models, and Plastic Art.
A. Sculpture as a Fine Art.
1. In Metals simple, as Gold, Silver, Copper, Iron, Zino,
Lead, &o.
2. In Metals compound, as Bronze, Eleotrum, &o.
3. In Minerals simple, as Marble, Stone, Gems, Clay,
&c.
4. In elaborate Mineral Materials, as Glass, Porce-
lain, &c.
&. In Woods and other Vegetable Substances.
6. In Animal Substances, as Ivory, Bone, Shells, Shell
Cameos.
B. Works in Die-sinking, Intaglios.
1. Coins, Aledals, and Models of a Medallio character
in any material.
2. Impressions struck from Dies for ornamental pur«
poses.
3. Gems, either in Cameo or in Intaglio, Shell Cameos.
4. Seals, &o.
C. Architectural Decorations.
1. Integral, in Relief, Colour, &c.
2. Adventitious, as Stained Gloss, Tapestry, &c.
D. Mosaics and Inla o Works.
1. In Stone.
2. In Tiles.
3. In Vitrified Materials.
4. In Wood.
5. In Metal. ^
E. Enamels.
1. On Metals.
2. On China.
3. On Glass.
F. Materials and Processes applicablb to the Fine
Arts generally, including Fine Art Printing,
Printing in Colour, etc. etc.
1. Encaustic Painting and Fresco.
2. Ornamental Printing, Chromo-typogrophy, Gold-
Illuminated T}rpography, Typography combined or
uncombined with Embossing.
3. Lithography, Block, Chromo-lithograpby, Gold-Illu-
minated Lithography, Lithography combined or
uncombined with Embossing.
4. Zincography or other modes of Printing.
G. Models.
1. in Architecture.
2. Topography.
3. Anatomy.
LYON PLAYFAIK.
OFFICIAL
gesmptiJje ma |IktrateJr Catatogue.
UNITED KINGDOM.
Classes I. to XXX.
>:■
.. 1
.'9 I
1
I — » — » — 1--,(- -», — I- » — f— » — » — t — -I t f
I INCINIIMINC. <ltOHI1tCT>'4AL t tUllnDIl-. MoniLl ki' \ | |
• » — f — p_l_ -, — 1.^^»__, -_f_ f — ,— ^ — I — f.
rr[-;i
II' II II 1.1
NDHTII tiALI.HHV
U H /»• /• in L-
!:• ;'.i u f.t
CUTllN* iMI«
I I
PHKOtUKHICAl
I I I
I I I II II —I— I 1- 1 >— I— I
KSrnulllNT* I \ I 1 10 lli.»|C<l ' mlTKUIIIIITS
I- I I I II r 11-11 — I- -I — r
nUHTII I'll.llTHAI. UAI.I.KHT
C»rp«ts , Tablr i."-«]V^rc, Tapn-' c«K fc- !tu!,|)an.J' d IV ,iti ihc iiitdeis • lln. Cullory, uimI «^i
■? f \y-.t'^m'Yt
I I'H < K.tlH tl ('>AI.I.K.H>
• — •- •• •-- f---»
■ ■ ' ,' \ I
» » M W - M
¥m
*V,AKM«,«Vt>(lBl«
.) ^ .< It
.■> If II I.' /I
1 1 I 1 > »UI»T»HO«»,U»IO *» »000 f^lT f ''ly;**
i.i n n I,'
SoniU OAIXKHY
/« .'/' ?i !•{
,i. HlacJc ])i.iniotd
C M' dope':! Bhir' l)i»»tion3.
rf, Stlir tjni
[Tile TiuilfhriJ :3 dnriiifti lato are.i-; (sficea of "".^ I'ecl -ijuiirr ,l)alwe?n 4 colunj.il
wlnsh »rc rearlmii j: Uio _pj<m *• . 'ntlers it ■•.nth comer nf the Svjuan? aud hy uuuibBt.'.
il.in^ ihc 'iidu;, ut' 'In- Siju.Unj', limse leflars au.il niiuibors v tuarkml on evury ooliuaii
a. t'l." builAmii ic -.vbie r;h;iraiMers a.1 a'bout 7 len f'-.im the ^r luid.]
ye // /.'
A
nrrl
.t
NUKTN SIDE
/< /. /*■ /; M ifl iv ?/ 17 ?,i :'j ?.i
—A Ar— A A A A A A A A A A A A Ai
riiiiU it (okViOI; I L CinyMt- Ic | on 'Will J I
6 MtCKINinV IN MOTION
C 3TTJH. WC> Itf N
POWER inONA kc
-Ui
6 DtCHl NC ^^
• . ..- ■ ■
e — e— c-r-Xi — c — 0 — <!-r« — c — c — c — c — c-— c — e
.JIMCurani ul wooUi icfoii Will ' |
*£StErtN t~^
0—0 IL— -S
I t *kCMXi:> IN NOTION E ' J
I COTTON AMUiOJN COTTOI, t : •) "KRESH Mf N T
I' OillNAN MACH'NtKV HANCHIJTM \ '^
N MOTh^ll
g 'l.<l>, All> .AND LACl ROP( MAK
LAtNE< \n:< TOOLS, mut
I
*•- — c — a — a — •
I h^DKAu.iO mes
H 4TEAM HAMMIK
FIRE tNClNES (
-I I II.
' i I ■ l» '. I 1+
I I rmnTiNC't pvsi\', j FiA
II '»r— « •— At — r—HI— M
I 2 I PAl»TlNeFAt«iO« I
II /^ 4'tl«lltH. LONDON 4 >'-^^
* I
MW.S { WOOLIIN rA«ica
I- M tt II M ■— 1
. , I2».1S
I WOOCLltl I IIUED FABRICS tamWlA
K 0.
HIT |,
'I
J
.EI IT
9u
S ACSiCUlTURAl ANU HO R T I C U I T U R A I yAOHIMS k I V PI E M t F! T6 .
/ .'.-.> t *■ ' , .' .7 /^' ■' /.. /.* .> /r /d A^ ,'< ,v .';■ /.I ,'..,
F.XIT
1
A ^a'.lnTif fcr "'iW.^:..ii, jr."eif:jia6
J{. Hsr M.'iirsrv's Ji"Wfl Case
Adams'. t;,-i 5.1. .. wail 'W"st ol Ti'.insepl, irr ."ievc;^; -lajirples of cements (1
"wali d,''i! .■ .1.1 '.o^oilirr Willi r.pr-i^imens oi •woods aad .ivory, and 'Pcimtel j
11. t ji,((i|
'J ;'i «
♦
PLAN OF THE BUILDINC
.H .1
c
•J
Bn—
4. A I. I H It I K ,S
NORTH
c c y- 0
./
/r II r.
NOHTU liALI.EHY
/.5 U I.I /»■ .'■ If /•
v ?/ /,•' ;M ;■- n ft ?T :'.» .".« w >/ .<"
V5
, 7C.V.I tNClllUHl»0.»«CHITtCTU«Al * BuaD-<.0.»onHS *.£- I ! i ' KS.*li»TO»(to»i I CuniMr |*lll»»l> VIOtT««ll ll*HUMC.TItl»l». I l-CKIII* ,
jijH hI^ h'^H '=-> H^-H- H- -»"
.-, ,-. , .,.- ,. I J~--l~|-j 1 1 I 1 1 1-
PHIlOSOPHICAl IK«T«umKT« \ [ | i l» MuUC>l ' IKST'iUIKMTS {
I H I •- t 1 I - -I- I - r I -r -I- I -I -I-
:*!y
!«« j '/
,1 '4
0 0 » — »•- 0 -I
jH'A N.i I. j
«3i 1 c
« I
a I
ii I en!!
^'^I J .1 ••■J J
IM
i
HOBTH CESTKAL U,\l.l.r.RT
Cai->et<, T.iblr v'-ovcrs. Tapc-'-ie!- *••■ Sd-.fiauJ'-d tijin 'tie Gnjers • ihc C.tilloiy, auJ d^dus' Hir 'A-i!U il 'lie P nl.ln,,^
H \tn „<-i..- » ... -
■-. i ; 11 1 V..N 1 K VI (.AI.l.K.HV
.i BiacTt 3>iaino:;d
CXhe H'iildi:.§ .5 dmdiBii into areas (sfaces ci' 7.4 led ^^uarr "bslwesr. • colutu-.^l
wfcih »re iBAried rr ih* pirn V-, 'jsttars U ftach coraar of the sjuaro aud by uuaib«r>
iioa^ 'iiif MOe.; tf tlur 3'iudiii;^ . ihese letter? and a-jaSocs Vf aiirbid on ovnrj coJumL
ji. ui- Bajldmi^ m wluje ciiaraelera a.1 abjut " ierlf'-.im the Jr. und ]
SOUTH
.^OKTH SIIIK
/< .V /.' /.: /^ /) /*■ /; /.« /.- v ;v .'
A A A Ar— A *— r* * — * * * * *-
6 UtCHINdlV IN UOTIO'' I '
I i-jT-'.yH. wo- lltN f *
(■K<H M) KI.OOK
— » A A — i A A fl n h llwiMHIi^ll I It mi« A A A— A A — -A A A
^jn-] j S}>Mua> of ifi»a» it(on Will i I I •»'-"i«'A) «i »^' ■'>'» , i L T
COIJRi
-» — r — f — f-
i ail""* >» ■
-ft »ii
HANCHtSTI" t 3 f- 1
CCN'AnANCCS t.
-f 1 — r f— — f — -r — f- — » — f- — t F f — f — t
r'
dA«« lACt<
0
( HAI mcikli kc
K II
■
— i-lll- T £;i ^
- -4 «
f^ I §: I- >
v.:
-r'*-"'
AFrtiM
— • — ■ — ■ — ■ — if-«4— ti — fT-jJ — " — ■ — • — • — " — •— ■ — •j^a— •■
! 5 J ."««ir«f»n.c« j n^ i; US Bit ' I «« f /■ r ' '■^„,„,
« ,' • K««CH i.otaoii « '-»• f*** woof.in l»i»[D rA»«ic4 tji(A«ii irahitftrttO « msm-ruRi * MlQtiiii.- «<r!r„„ ,
A 0... aigiy^jj iQimB,!'! ,0^,1 lO Or— O' i p . ^— p^^ i(^— o^-.^ . i^ pip ij|ji|ii0i-'iip !». , a a la 'P»*.**Wu^ i ^'^''t^yiyTW - O ' O
MIH 1 U
. 'lii?i»
j J —
<UII
rKA-SSklT
i— i
l* —
b
>.lliI.IIlK,
^1|
!^1
.SIM 1 U
1 HAS- 1. 1'l
'F^'f*^*
SIAKAt. i
count
J
xxrr
S »C«14;Ut1ilH»l 11D l-OS'lUlTu'tt HiOHlHtl. t XfllMtfrTft
iMuiftomi
WIST
-* INOIU P
II I ■
» — I • i
Ifc-ji »■ ,■■ « I't' ■■■-•'«-r'«-?>ir — •— •-— t — •— «— A — a.^t-.t — .«— (|_„|.«,|_»,,,»,«_.^^„^, <"' »_» — « i 1 ■><■•■■ '« — «~« — * — »— «■ i..»H"<
••* V 1/
P.IIT
c
M .1* !• !».•
S<M TH
1.' l» w ./
KM'RANlK
jM^JCti tan jlTffwwnviff'li—
A y.-.'n-,' f. 1 'A>!{^_.-.» orvCTcj?**
i>. Het Majf.ityj Ji"wr) Ci
■ ;.i . Willi .;>- iuirii» : .vDia.^ .ltd .vjiy. lud putiei^ muitiujui cfvi 'od »ad stone
OF THE BUILDING
<; A I, I K K I K S
NORTH
-- ■ .J 3!
■!:•
,SI
NOKlll r.Al.l.iiltV
;.r 7-, 7.1 7(p 77
f r f f f F F „ f
— (I r e
In
!S !
— ( — I
' ..Liilr nn fl. ' ■. 1
; i^l ', '; I .,,.,,.,10 ClAW 'tHITlwl- rt.NCrt i 1 •IIG1«H. 1 »..i,rRUH AHO MIT.5" [ PRUSSIA 4..8 I e*VAR(* |in.r.»H rAPt.S ;
10 -I
17'
I 1
• I — 1 I
t- (
\
I I 1-— :-! I- t.-r-l— r-<-cryr-"J " I i :r:irv
,1-
CKdlAkO
Cjupels , Tabli' Coverrt, Tape.-i.. >■■.• tc »u.sp«ndr.l Uaui ilm (jirdars in th« (>»ili)i;)f ond d^amsi ihe .Vails of '.MiKuiidln^
« f « 9 d
SOl'TM fK.SlHAI r.Al.lK.I-V
■ »iUiWir.JjM.«», V!l>.«Ti.lVei'fc.. I AilSTRr* ,IACI ,S:ll(S I-
>|IA«CI , (•KIN'rS , HOWIES . l.*Ct,l<NtN,|ll.t, HAKIIf** ^«- \ I AU'irRI*
,,, .; ..< .. • .> 1/ •• ■'
f f — r- — f p p- p p -p- p - P- p- p i-
.t, HAKIIf** »«- i [AU-iTRt/l I I ' 1 »«"»">■"£ *« FKANCI »UACI(Al kc. j.
»__,, .p p__l _, p. ^ p ^ i—p p p — p p f~_p P p p p— p P
.-> «7' i.v <:■ t.j toi Kt *»' *v */ «i!' //' 7/ ;i' 7.1 7» ;j ;* ;r
sm Hi l.Al.l.KKV
tltif Artie;!;:. ■'.;/ .iivideJ ia!i> Clajises ari'i Nat ..n^ ond iLe '-idinef. ol oUch Cliiicji ind
f Nahjas izf ^iver. or> the Plaa, Hr.J r:jrkr;diipoa (he ;.on jjirders 'if 'ke huiiduig.j
^y;i|
(.Kor.NK KI.(M)K
1) I* .'
.V» ^' «/ <« ^« ^ »< .1- - •■*
^ ^- A A— A --- A--A--T* * * * * '*■ * *
(JIHI 1-"* """ 1>MIBIT,)«> \ CHIItA t 2
ft J f"l "
r t COIIRl
rAPE&T*IFA.a.:
mANCI
P«rS? ,n.i KOTi.t..n
o
tin I ni 1
NOHTII StDF.
» .« .>/ .•? M .< .>.. .»»■ >i .V ..» <./ ../ » ' ».'i *v, »;( >»' (.7 <,(< fif 7c 7/ ;.' 7,t 7j 7.t 7«' 7:
• C 1— ^ — C C %-^ t.;— .rt.— ^-^-— C Crp^iTp^C C — C — C C — C — C- — C.jT.TjfitT'''^ " C - C - C
lUfTlMA J ;o.:». [ (.!Nrs ] Pi'Hi:.HMt •,t kcok \ hdhi ^_ |
a, ..'^ ■ o'^uiouuii, — 0 — 0 — 0 — D^ — »—- 0 — oiiiiiJo'iiiio o
I Ml I . ■. . , , . .
v^fl ^r i i I I ' ! I 1 1 11111)1 riTi- !:■ i4i i 1 I 1 1 ri l i— .ipap,« ...hc^v., t -.
?Pl'l pnTm?r hyUl^J ---A , .«r.u«m, fea...p.n|3f , '^-v, ::] .V ., ;
ii*^fw4 ''^ ^'i\~-Ji—\ — M*|\:yi^o ^-- 1 — I— r-i — i- — • — i — i — i — 1^-^ -- i i ; .{•■M.<»..-'jt-^:) -i - > - i- . . „ .
^i^^ N.iHiH ! 'MSI* I MUM ?|»»i?|(<- I -A^v I r«A»ct I I 81-0 u« 1 J »ittini* -J ;oti.i«t .. | <.drkH*Nir | RUUIA | | UhiTd
jt:L4:ss"j i-HA^.sn' r S — j — J — t — /■•:.. ■>«;-ii — j— j — j-— J — t — j— j — * — ^ — j — j — i — -ii-.i--<.i-iSi?j — j-_j— .4_4__j_j_j.m_j — ^ — j — ,
MAlACKlTt I -. ■ - I
CHINA 4.. I •*MI«"V 4..' I
itftf JtATM.- I
* u:
J- -J-.
-.£i i
1 . «■■,:..; j ^j ■.. . .•; ; U ^« :* '' :? ■<: ' ,d ;-^ *-"''.' y-
4—1 SlH 1 11 Ir I. V-r— 1— ""-I I . I - -V k k k t k k '» . k k C k k- : i I I — I I L__-t-_..t. k_,^^,_^., y. 4_.k-- k- -I l^
it ? TBARsKri I HPi • JNIsi | Wl a • I- '"D | FHAN".! | I ) 'f'HCI I | - v | lAirAU |„ ) I lOUVtAtlN | | TlSIIAUk { i^CltH ) kltlTlCl j tTAHS j
»-- • — • — ii-i-m»— » — •— • — • — • — i — *• — « — • — • — ¥rr-J ''~'»-^,*-~P' — •? » *—* — • — "~" %■!:"' " ^3,:" — •"■""* ■'''''#""■•" •8,, >_*
^i~if — «-
1 — 0 J-
«~0-*-<(»-
P P P y—"f ■-">■■ > P P — ■' P — |— P P— i... .j>. . f ..;y--
' , ■- I 4i:r I I ,«Nitii«i J J' I , 4 J
i_ '
-p— -p — p-
i>A 6 9 — 9 — 9 — 9. "'gtn«( 9-,r.i»i ' V, . 9 — 9 ahp; • k, " •'■•■■'.* h *to«4jS 9 9:9 Onorhami. L„_
.4 1 I I I -, 1 j '-1-- I ,....),t, k- . J .AA-. ,t. J T y J I 5 |c.oTwv.k.K-A,p,,i ., »7i ■««»,)•«« *k*
^i)l_-._|i —i— ,— <..>,»., ,-4 1 ■ It— »_«— i ll * II »—,_i— »_-..»„ i i , ^ -.A- -« • A--R— ll «_,_.-,pU.,_5, « »— « «— #i P 0
1 — « — « — »— • — t — • — I — »— • — »— • — • — * — «— • — -• — "»-^i — * — « — J — I — s — s s — s — % lit— «j-:« % \ t — « — s- i — ?^
ft^b ''AW ^wHi'joi Oil tuiritf. S !i V
'-'•^ I I i i I I"
~\ 1 \ I — > — s —
.H J*' .•■' .V» A» w ./
SOITH K..SrHANiK
R K IT
F
>* %7 .,<
I
■•< «/■ «.' > • <.. li' t> I ' fjr
'till Til SIDK
mi
0
..liv^.v >A' .■> ft \.\:\, ..v».i«' .Aiiin-iy
ainae,. sb-d.-> oU.ul,»a aiaai.i .if metal m»i>iiiiiotiir«
>'^^a»l.>*tJii^i^.
i i
i
thULK. UfOULU ANb 8ILVUI kLtCI liUI'LA I K, tlXllllill t.li IIV lir.R MAJUITV.
ll
i '■ •
If .
s
I-
i
I
'I
- "5-
s .
^
- »
S M
h
is
i.
CI
45
'/'. I
If
I
116. lAHi.t. lor, i> SILVER, AFiiu rtiK A.sriiji K. n.m.i cKn iiv imk tLec'tmiTVi'r. i'iu*>j«. k.xkciikp
ur uicjum. txki.viio.s. kxiubitki' bv hkh MAJurr me gi;KE.N.
I:
f'
1^
I
$
A
UMKJW. K.XKCCTH'
AiniCI.ES KXIIiniTED BY HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN,
u.R.H. Ti:-^. r •: alhert, and h.p t tuv. prince of wales,
INli. ifOlItt SECTIONS OF 1, EXHIBITION.
insR majesty
Main Avenitk, Ea8T.
0(5 Portrait of Her MnjeHty on Sftvros chiiin, size of
life, half length, by A. I>iicluzua\i, after n portrait by ;
F. Winterhalter, Painted in 184fi. [
J»7 Portrait of H.R.H. Prince Albert, on StNvrcH cliina,
nizu of life, half Uinjfth. painted by A. It<-xnnKet, after a
iHjrtrait by F. Wintcrlialter. ThwejiortniitH are exhibited
jointly by Her MajoHty and H.K.H. Prince Albert. j
The Great Diaiuoud of Itunjeet Singh, called " Koh-i- ,
Noor," or Mounbiin of IJglit.
Jowel-oftse in tho cin(iue-o<>"»o gtylo, designed by L.
(Jniiier, Vm\., and cxecutefl at tho inanufiu'tory of Mr.
Hetiry Klktngton, at Itirininghani. The material U bron/e,
gilt and silvereil by electro-type proccBH ; upon thin ca«e
are portniitji, on china, of Her Majesty, H.R.H. I'rinco
Albert, and H.R H. tho Prince of WaleH, copied from
miiiiatureH by K. Thorburn, K«<|., A.R.A. Tho umall
inedallionM, itiprewenting profileH of their It.H.'s the
PriiiccH and l*i'ince8Hea, wei-o mo<lolled from life by
Leonard Wyon, l-jiij.
Class 'J.I.— Centbai. Soimi Oallerv.
1 Table of gold and Hilver eloetro-plato manufactured i
by Men-sm. Klkingtoii. The top of the table Ih an olectro-
ty|N' reproduction of a ])late of Hne workmanship, obtained
and ciipicd for Mr. H. KIkington under tho direction of
the Chevalier do tSchlick. Tho eight subjects in bas-reliof
i-jiprosont Minerva, Astrologia, (ieomotrica, Arithmetica,
MuKioa, Rhetoriea. Tho centre (iguro reprenent8 Tom- \
j«'riu)re uiiTounded by the four elements*. At the iMittoni '
of thin plate in an inHcription pointing to the artist, llio
table is designed by (leorge Stanton, a young artist in tlio
employ of Mr. H. KIkington, and a student in tho Bir-
Uiiiigbam School of Design.
Clash .'VO, Fink Art Coitrt.
■ir>3 A cnulle, carved in Turkey boxwotMl by W. O.
Ro^i>r»i, and designed by his son, symlHiUsing the union of
the Koyal House of K.iigland with that of Saxe Coburg
and (iotliH. Owi end exhibitM in the centre tho armorial
beariuKs of Her Majesty the Queen, Hurroundo<l by masses
of foliage, uiitural flowers and birds ; on the roeker,
beneath, is seen the head of " Nox," represented as a
iH'ilutifid slet'pim; female, erowiie<l with a garland of
poppies, si!p|iortod upon bats' wingN, and surrounded by
the wveii Jilanets.
The other I'ud, or the back of the head of tho cradle, is
devoted to tlie arms of H.R.H, Priuoo Albert ; tho shield
THE QUEEN.
occupies tho centre, and round it, among the arabesque
foliage, tho six crests of the Prince are scattered, with
the motto " Treu und fest." Below, on tho rocker, is
discovered a head of " Sornnus " with closed eyes, and
over the chin a wimple, which, on each side, tenniuates
in jKippies.
In tho interior of the head of the cradle, guardian
angels are introduced; and above, the royal crown is
found embeddeil in foliage. The friezes, fonning the
most important part of the sides of the body of the
ciiidle, are composed of roses, poppies, conventional
foliage, butterflies, and binis, while beneath thorn rise a
variety of pinks, studied from nature. The edges and
the insidcs of the rockers are enriched with the insignia of
royalty and emblems of repose.
Class 24.— Central North Oallerv, I. 27.
20 A i)air of richly cut crystal glass candelabra, 8 feet
high, carrying 15 lights each. Tlie shaft composed of
|>risms upwards of ;t feet in length. Designed and manu-
factuivd by F. and C. Osier, of Birmingham, and 44 Oxford
Street, London.
Class 19.— Central North Gallery, I. 30.
ir>() Axininster carpet, designed by L. Grunor, Esq.,
and manufactui'od at Gliwgow, for Mr. Dowbiggeu.
;?79 A Bt^rlin wool carpet executed by one hundred
and fifty ladies of Great Britain. The dimensions of this
carpet are thirty feet in length, and twenty in breiulth.
The carpet has l>een produced in the following maimer: —
Tho pattern, originally designed and painted by tho artist,
has been 8ubdivide<l into detached squares, which have
lieen worked by different liulies, and on their completion
tho squares have been reunited, so as to conqtlete the
design. In tho pattern, which consists partly of geome-
trical, and partly of tlond forms, horaldie emblems are
also introduced. The initials of the executants are orna-
mentally arranged, so us to fivruj Hie external border.
Tho whole design is connected by w leatlis or bands of
loaves and foliage, the centi-o group representing the
store fi-om whence they have been distribvited.
Tho ciu'pet hits been priKlueed under the management
of a (Jonniiittee. Tho design by Mr. J. \V. Papworth;
tho patterns were painted and the work executed under
the «ui>eriuteudence of Mr. W. B. Siuq^on.
Class H». — South Gallery, P. 15 to 17.
Axmiiister car]H>t, designed by I,. Gruner, Ksq., and
manut'actin-ed by Mossi-s. Blaokmore Brothers, at Wiltou,
for Messrs. Watson, Bell, & Co.
'1 1
'W
iisi.
OFFICIAL PESCmmVK ANn ILI.ITSTUATKP CATALOGUE.
Om tub "Bahawaii" Cocirrrai.
HiNwiinru* of AhjrMiniiui iiMlillory. Two iikiIm' mwI-
illm CMinplelo. Two liniMi oriuuneiiU RU«|ien<ltMl tin thn
nwlu i>f niiilM. f>ii« Unt<* coloiirwl wicker iNiakot. A
•nuill one. Two hunif muIiIIm, one with l>riiile, the otliur
without i hnm ornMiiout* f»r Ui« fitco mmI neck <>f Um
horae.
Two AhyMlniui ■hMt|«kini>, m worn by the iMtivm
over their clothen. Vjuch of tlie»e in the xkin of one ahe*^,
the wiMil I'Mvfull.v (ln>me<l niul oxtn>nieW white. The
tHuikeU M<e gnnd •pecinien* of |ilMtiiiK. mmI vary flexible.
The imukUm of • very primitive c«in»tnict4oo, iniioh re-
•ciiililinK tl>" ol't Monwco |wtt«m, Rtill retAJned in many
(iiiitrict« in the South of Spain; mi<I mntrMtinK RinK<ilarly
with the eUbonite mkI ortuunentA] rh«rM)t«r of the head-
gear, neck onuuuenU. A«., exhibitmi with theu.
On Tint " Sooth AutnuiaAM** niii.
Abywinian nhiehl of bitflklo hide, with iiiWer oma-
nienta, and utrip of lion'* luaue luaiMinded ttniu tli«
bona. I>iainptor alMxit 'i Atet and a half.
Two A byamnian nil ver cortmete of an |ierior ileaiKn . ( hie
of theae, to wl it-h a aori of iiiot«llic (HnKe ia attached,
dtii|ilnya a itroiiK riweiublaiioe to the aort of dia«luiu
filtureil in linice'a Travela. The foniia of theae corouetn
are by no iiimum doflcicut in eleKiuicu and aimplicity.
Two Abyaainian ailver-Kilt bnioeleta, apparently of
aonio anti(|uity, and very iiiut-h ehaaed.
Two flne cotton clotha worn by Abraainianaofdiatinotion.
Two Abvaaiiiian <U>uble-e«lKe«i aal>rea, the handlea Ihmuk
made of rhinoceroa' horn. The peculiar cur%-e of th<i
blaale ailapta the inaitie e<l)(e for the puriwae of forage auil
grain-cutting. Two Abyaainian lancea.
HIS KOVAL HUiliSESS I'lUNCfi ALBERT.
KutTH Tea Ml
1,'> Otxnip in marble, "Tht«eua and Amasuna," oie-
eute<i at Ilome by Joaeph Kngel, Baq.. fh>m Hungary,
pupil of the Iio>>ai Academy.
Cla*! :i.
1 70 Tlira* aamplea of grain grown on the royal faruia
at ^KlndMir, conaiating of wheat, uata, and beiuia, una
buahel of each.
Claw 4.
1,19 Wotd, the priMlurtion >>f Caahinere goata kept by
Iliu Koyal Uighneaa at Wimlaor. It ia iui|>ort«4l with a
portion of atruiig whit4i hair*, » hitih it ia reipiiaite to have
picktid out by hand prior to attetupting to uianufactiiro
the finer portion*. Them atroiig hain are ufterwania
uaeful in uiakinx coarae wiMilleii cloth.
Esafui>l«M of tlioae kin<U of luaiii.Cactiira from tbia wimiI
M« ekhiuitmi in the Central Avenue.
Clah 37.
1 40 A bl<x>k of I>arret coal (him Weat Wemyaa colliery,
Kirkaldy, Fifeahire, partly poliahed.
141 Oarden aeat, deaigned by L, Oniner, Kaq., ami
executed in Kifeahire by Thoniaa Williaiiia Waun, of i'lurut
or ca<mel coal, from the oatate uf Itoar-AdiuiFal Weuiyaa.
Clan 30.
.LV) Two alaba for tablea, dcHigned by L. Oniner, Kai].,
in the ciiKiucoento atyle, executed by Mr. Tboniaa Wo<h|.
ruff at lUkewell, in Uerbyaliiru atouea, in imitation uf tlio
Florentine luuaaio.
M,M Cundelabrum in the ninqiie-cento atyle, deaigne<l
by L. Oniner, Ka<|., iii<Mlelle<l by Ant. Trentanove, ami
executed in ao^liola in imitation of giallo autico, by
L. liotuoli.
HI.S ItOVAL Hl".HXKfs« PHISCK AUlKIlT, OS IIKHAI.F oV HIS ItoYAL HlfiHNKivS THK. PUIXCK OK W.W.K8.
1*8 Shield preaented by Ilia Maieaty the King of
IVuaaia I I Hia Royal HightifM tlie IViiice i>f \Vale», in
oommemoratiou of the bapti^tii of the infant I'rinco, fur
wh'iui Hi* Mi^eaty art«<l oa ii|iiin*or.
Tlie pirt4>n«l vuilieiliahuienta uf the ithiehl, the genvral
plan for which waa givfn by the king hiiiuM-if, »ur<' <le
aigue<l by I Victor I'eti^r Vou (loruelitui, ami the anhi-
toctiiral onuuiieiitii by C^iunarllor StUler. Tlie exe^-iitiun
of the remaining (lortiorji- tlie gol<b<iuilb«' work, eiiaiiiel.
&c., were tierfoniied by M. U. Hoaaauer; the iiiudelhlii;
by M. A. Fiachcr; the cliaaing bv M. H. Mertvia; uml
the lapidary work by M. (talandrelh.
In the centre of the HhioUi ia a hea*l of Utir ^$ltviour.
The middle cuiu|i>irttiieut, aurroumletl by a double line
of umaitient«l work, i* divideii by a cniea into four
amaller conifiartiiiente, whii-h i-<fiitMU eiublematir rB|>re'
aeutatiun* of the two Katramenta, tia|iti*m and Um
Lord'a Muptier, with their Old Teatainent typaa, the
opening o( the fountain in the rock by Moaea, and the
fall of manna. At the extretuittea of the anna of the
cntaa are repruaent4Ml the KvaiiKvtwu, noting down
whtt they have aeen and haar<i in the <)oa|>eU, which
are to crmimiinicate U> all futurity the plan of man'* ital-
vatioii, and prove inexhauatible aourcaa of clivine revela-
tion and d>H:tnne.
On the extreme itointa of the anilx«ti{u«« that riw
nlwve tiie K« iuiKi<luitji, ar<< mj>nwent«<l the (Ttiriatiitii
vtrtitoa uf Kaith, Ho|ie, aii<l Chanty, and of Chriatuui
Righteuiianoaa. Aruuml the entire centre ataiid in a
circle the twelve AfMcatlea. Peter ia aeen under Faitli
repruAeuted in the arabeatpie; on the right and left of
him are i'bilip and Andrew ; under Hope ia Jauiea;
on either aide arv Uartliuhuuew and Siiunu ; .lobii i/t
placetl tieiimth the 6giire of Charity ; on either aide life
Jaiiiiw the younger and Thomaa; under ItighteouHiuitit
ia I'aul ; on the right and left are Matthew and JiiiIhm
Thaibleua, going forth into the world to t<^ach and to
itaptize, and to proiuigate the kiugiiom of the Itedeviuer.
The n<lie\o, which nin* rouml the edge of the ahiuld,
repreaeiita the Itetrayal. the rodetnuing atoiietiient of
Chriat, and hia reaurrection. Another |K>rtion repreaeiita
Our l.,orii'a triuuiphant entry into Jeruaaleiii; a thini
|Mirtion the deacent of the Holy Uhoat, the preachiiiK '>f
the goaiiel, and the foniiation of tlio church. Tire fi>urth
aii<i pnnci|ial coni|iartiiietit coiitaiita an allegorical repre
Hvntation of the birth of the I'rineu of Walea, uiul of the
viait of the King of I'niMia, at.-c<iin|iatiie<l by Uan>n Hiiui
Ixildt, (ieiieral von Natxnter, and the Count voii .StollnTj;,
aiiil weli'oiiie<l by H.ll.H. I'riiic.- AlU-rt and the Puke of
Welhiigtoii, a Knight of St. (Jeoi-'e lieing ropreMtiiiti><l
on the beach ataiiding u|M>n a dragon.
The ahield haa lieen denominated the Ihiokler i>f Faith.
Till' inacriptiou on the ahield run* thu* : --
rKitiiuina oi I.II.I.III a ukx imihi N«>iti-M
Al.n»;KTI) ».IH'AI(tN>, ■•HIMt'll-l WAI.LI.K,
IX MKMOUUM niKi DAn^. XXV JAN. A. MINXX'XI.II.
ZoLLVKHUN, UlTAIMlM KooM, No, H'.i6.
(ol NT KUN'h.ST 01 ttHll lUi-t.UTIlA.
Fniil Uonoa of vanuua kiana, carved with a pcukuil*.
. with iiiWor ortid.
w|>cn<led fWiiu tii«
air.
iperior iliwiKn. Oim
friiiKe i* •tUchwl,
ho nor! (.f diiMlvtii
i>" of tlieae oimuatii
Mid Riin|ilicity.
Ift«. •pp*reiitly of
II.
iniMwoMbtinciioii.
». th« handlw IwiuH
<ili«r ciine of tJin
rr|MMie of fungo aoit
tWoniyM colliery,
(Jniner, Fiq., ui,\
iiwWaun.iifl'nmit
•Admiral Wauyia,
■jL. Qninep, K*,.,
^r. TIkiiumWoihI.
ia iuiUtioD of the
i*« "tyle, dMigniHl
TrenUnove, aiui
giallo aatico, by
<'F W.U.KS.
"e«n under Faitli
right aud |«n uf
ll"|»B ia Jkuiea;
Niiiinii ; .luhii ii4
oil uitiier aide iiri-
Ivr Ui)(ht«<iiiiiiicn..i
tthew and Jiuliix
t<) t.mh HJid to
uf Uio Itmhrviiier.
Ijfe t.f the ihiuld,
ig atunviiieiit of
Hirtion re|irviMMitit
ruiialeui; a ihinl
the pn-afhinf? of
rch. Tim fourth
'Jh'gi'rical rw|.r»-
iV»lmi, luid of fh,.
I by Ikron Hum
intvon HtiilUiv.
and thi< Miiki' ■•{
wug rvpnuuttiti'il
Itnokler of Kmth.
LH«>I(IH
. MWXXXI.II.
m
Pi
11'
^•<
I
s,y v.wwv.-o.v ■. ;a;-'v
[A to til» hoV!«lHiy;u.u::^
vUOCTOK PETER Vfn^'."'i^Ni:UliS..
ou....L:'t ..«.. .,v»u.u..iR*tto.:M..ucot.
i if
H
'«
142, GltOlTP IN MARBLE, THESEUS AND THE AMAZONS. EKRCUTED AT ROME BY JOSEPH ENOEI., ESQ.
ExiiiniTED nv II, n ii. vuince alkert.
i
169.
rOtlTION OF A SLAB FOR A TABLE, DESIGNED BY L. ORUNER, ESQ.
eXKCUTED IN DBRBVSIIIRR STONE BY MU. TIIOS. WOODRUFF,
EXHIBITED BY II, R. H. PRINCE ALBERT.
.\
.'-I
.:dKi3J£4fl*«.=JLX^
X
o
p
o
o
i
I i
5
IS
ml I
lit llHllillli
I •
;**'
II1H
k
8
S
§
o
lr~-i
MjI
I
MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS
I
5'^
r-1:
INTPODUCTION.
Thk objects placed in this position are so in consequence either of their size, or of their peculiar fitness for such
a site. On tne southern side of the Western Entrance the objects are principally those which belong to Classes
% and 27. Among these are fine specimens of the mineral fuel forming so valuable a feature in the geology of
fhis country Several of the blocks of coal have been raised from deep pits by the ordinary lifting tackle,
and present from their size, a favourable idea of the mechanical facilities of extraction and means of transport
possessed by the miners and railroads of England. The blocks of granite, of slate, of serpentine, of stone for
grindstones, and of artificial cement, will likewise attract due notice. On the northern side of the West
Entrance are large anchors, as those used in the Navy, a fine column of granite, specimens of colossal earthen-
ware, life-boats, the atmospheric recorder, hothouses, &c. The 8i)ace within the Building, occupied by any of
these articles, would have been great, while their intrinsic attractiveness might scarcely have been 'adequate to
it. In their present position they are also better placed for examination. — R. E.
WESTERN END.
1 Oboan, John, Penzance, CommaU — Manufacturer.
Luge block of serpentine fi'om the Lizard, partly
polished.
[The serpentine of Cornwall is a green mineral, passing
into yellow and red, the colour being often veined,
spotted, dotted, and clouded. It is soft in the quarry,
but becomes hard on exposure, and cuts readily, but its
fracture is irregular. It is soft to the touch, but not
greasy like steatite or talc ; is indented by a blow of a
hammer ; is infusible before the blowpipe; but parts
with water by calcination, and hardens by exposure to
heat. It is slightly acted on by acids.
As a rock, serpentine is often mixed with other minerals,
BO that different specimens do not yield the same result
On analysis. It usually contains, when piu-e, silica 42 to
44, magnesia 36 to 38, water 12 to 13, and is therefore a
silicate of magnesia. Its colour is due to oxide of
chromium, but it contains often much iron^ and is some-
times magnetic.
The serpentine of Cornwall is considered to exhibit
four varieties, differing much in hardness — these are
called precious, common, steatitic, and calcareous; but
the best kinds for ornamental purposes on a large scale
are those found at Kennack Cove, the Balk, and Cadg-
with, where large blocks can be obtained. The block
placed outside the Building near the south-western exit
will show the magnitude and capability of such blocks.
A considerable quantity of the serpentine of the Lizard
was formerly shipped to Bristol, for the manufacture of
carbonate of magnesia. — ^D. T. A.]
2 Board, — , (Agent, Jamis O'Dosohui:, 5 Quickset
How, New Road),
Two figures in artificial stone.
3 TBAdt^ R. & W., 42 Hertford Street, Chelsea—
Inventors and Manufacturers.
A figure of Lazarus, in artificial stone ; cast taken
from a carved wood figure.
4 RATSDAifi, W.— Producer.
Blocks of gypsiun used in the manufactiu« of plaster.
5 Robins, Aspdin, & Cox, Northfteet, and Great
Scotland Yard, Whitehall — Manufacturers.
Slab of Portland cement. Iron testing-socket, for
proving the strength of the cement. Bricks cemented
together, equal to a pressure . of three tons on the first
brick. Beam "f cement. Bricks, joined together with
one portion o^ cement and foiu- of sand. Step of Port-
land cement. Block of cement, which bore a pressure of
upwards of 250 tons, tested by Bramedb's hydraulic press.
Similar block, one portion or cement, and four of sand,
which bore a pre8.iure of 120 tons. Block of Portland
stone of like dimensions, which broke under pressure.
Brick beam, one portion of cement and three of sand;
sustaining a weight of 3| tons. Bricks, joined together
with one portion of cement, and three of soud, bearing a
weight of one ton. Blocks of the hardest Yorkslm^
stone, joined by one portion of cement, and one of
sand, sustaining a weight of three tons.
[Portland cement is formed by calcining together lime-
stone and some aigillaceous earth, the result being a mass
which rapidly absorbs a certain quantity of water, and
then becomes solid, as a hydrous siUcate of lime. The
advantages over natural hydraulic limes consist generally
of greater hardness and durability, arising from the
mixture of material being more perfectly imder com<
mand.— D. T. A.]
114
MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS
Outbids thb Buiij>iNa.
[USITED
6 HoKPHET, Jonathan, Studfold, near Stttit —
Produoer.
Spedmena of atom called blua flag, or Orauwaoke.
Obtained from Horton Wood quarriea, which have been
worked probably about 100 yean. Thia atone ia prin-
dpally tiaed for ciatema and partitiona, and ia uaefm for
ourriera' tablea, tanka, &c.
The quarries are about aix milM from the Settle Station
of the North'Weatem Railway.
7 QRXAVxa, R., Wanciok — Proprietor and Producer.
Blue liaa limeatone, with aamplea of the lime in the
lump and ground.
Hodela In liaa, Portland, and improved Roman ce-
ment.
Blocka of concrete, made in liaa, Portland, and Roman
cement, and ground-liaa lime.
Brick-work cut flrom the Copenhagen tunnel in the
Oreat Northern Railway, and aet in liaa lune. Oma-
menta cut ai<d aet in the aame, to ahow the adheaiveneaa
of the mortar.
Lias flag-atone, adopted for hall, church, and houae-
floors, being hard and dry.
Lithographic atones.
Floors in lias stone and lias cements.
[The beds of lias in many parts of England, consisting
of carbonate of lime mixed with from 20 to 35 per cent, of
altmiina, are well adapted for the manufocture of hy-
diaulio cements, and the nature of the clay greatly affects
the value of the cement. Samples of the raw material,
with various applications of it, are, therefore, of great
practical importance. The lithographic stones from the
lias are not unlike those from Germany, but they have
hitherto been little used.— D. T. A.]
8 Old DsLABotB SUiTb Compant (by X Cabteb),
Camelford — Proprietors.
Slate alab, aa raised from the quarriea at Delabole.
Slate cistern for holding water, liquid manure, oil,
acids, &c., capable of containing 2,000 gallons. If used
for water for domestic purposes, a self-supplying filter is
attached, so that the water withdrawn at the tap passes
through the filter.
9 Stiruno, J., jun., Belvidere Road, Lambeth —
Designer, Inventor, and Manufacturer.
Specimens of slate.— (See Class 1, No. 209.)
10 White tc Sons, Westminster — Mantifacturers.
Illustrations of the strength of cement. — (See Class 1,
No. 130.)
11 Skbust, Jons, Keppel Bow, Ifew Jtoad —
Manufacturer.
Mercury, after Oiov. da Bologna, in artifice stone.
12 Welsh Slate Company.
Babwis, W. H. B., Secretary, 1 Neva Botteell Court —
Producer.
Rough block of slate from the quarry of the Welah
Slate Company, at Festiniog, Merionethshire.
Slabs of slate, sawn and planed.
Roofing and other slates.
[The slates of Festiniog are of admirable quality, and
obtained in slabs of very large dimensions, adapted to all
the more important uses of the material. The quarries
are extensive, and give employment to a large popula-
tion.—D. T. A.]
13 Sinclair, J., Forte, Thttrso, Scotland —
Produoer.
A cistern or bath of Forge-Eockhill fla*. Sn^-plci of
the stone, showing the natural surfaci, the half-rubbed,
and the full-rubbed surface. Three portions of a passage
of twenty-four feet long by aix feet broad each, laid with
the same pavement, showing the three different kinds of
aurftkoe.
The principal uses of the article are laying footways,
courts, railway stations, floors of manufactories and ware-
houses, kitchens, cellars, cottages, entrance halls, churches,
Ac. Whenusedwithirongirders,itrender8milla,&o., fire-
proof, and ia tiseful for farm buildings, and for cisterns,
tMths, manure tanks, troughs in chemical woiks, coping,
for nurden walls, &c. The pavement is found at the Forse-
Rodkhill quarriea, four miles west from Thurso, Caithneea,
and it ia there manufiwtured chiefly by machinery. It is
aaid to be of a hard, dose, strong, and uniform quality,
and impervious to wet. It occurs m beda of varioua thick-
ness, from one inch to three or fo^r inches, and from one
foot to eighty or a hundred feet superficial. The stone
has been worked for more than twelve years, and is sent
in large quantities to London, Qlasgow, and other towns.
[The Caithness flags are well known and much used for
various economic purposeii^ chiefly paving. They art
quarried fh>m the middle division of the old red sand-
stone (Devonian) series, as developed in the north of
Scotland. The schists yielding them are often dark
coloured and highly bituminous, slightly micaceous and
calcareous, and often resembling rocks of much greater
geological antiquity. Obscure vegetable impressions, and
the remains of extinct fishes, are very fk«quently found in
them, and these are often of considerable interest in the
natural history of the ancient inhabitants of our globe.—
D. T. A.]
14 Freeman, W. & J., M^llbat^ Street, Westmintter —
Inducers.
An obelisk in granite. Stmdry large slabs and blockr
of stone,
16 Struthebs, WnxiAM Samuel, 7 Bblyieell Street,
Westminster — Manufacturer.
Slate water filter, the water being filtered in its ascent.
[The filtration of water by ascension is a simple me-i
chanical process, of considerable use in the arts, and
capable of many modifications. The cistern, in liuch-
case, is furnished with two peiforated shelves or false
bottoms, between which the filtering medium is packed. ■
At some distance above these is a third shelf, with a
water-tight communication through the intervening cham-
ber and the filter-bed, and opening into tLo bottom
of the cistern. The foul water being let into the upper
chamber, a cistern passes down into the bottom one by
means of the tube, and is then forced up through the
filter-beds by the presence of the water in the column.
The pure water is thus delivered into the intervening
space, whence it may be drawn off at convenience. Slate .
is an admirable material for cisterns of all kinds, from its
great strength, perfect cleanliness, and complete imperme-
ability to water.— D. T. A.]
17 Royal Dublin Society— Pi-oducera.
Specimens of Irish flagging.
18 Sharp, Samuel, Commercial Road, Lambeth, Agent
to Alexander Adam, Wick, N, Britain —
Proprietor.
Rockhill paving stones, from the original qitarries,
shipped from the port of Wick, showing the different
thicknesses as they naturally arise in the quarries.
19
Fursb, Thomas Wm., 90 ffiijh Street, Whitechapel —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Specimens of waterproof artificial Htone, as applicable
for sewers and drains of large dimensions; for floor-
ing churches, vestibules, public buildings, hospitals, and
damp cellars. Drains for railways, &c. Itavp-stone.
Cistern of the aame, containing brioka united with fusible
KnfODOK.]
MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS
Outside thk Buildino.
118
mineral cement, to prevent the ascent of damp in foim-
dationa, ftc. Ornamental brick of the same.
Sample of fiuible mineral cement, which when gauged
with 150 per cent, of dry sharp sand, unites bricks and
(tones so nrmly that they cannot again be separated.
20
Carmboie, W. F. L., Kinblethmont, Arbroath,
ScoWand— Proprietor.
Flagstones and freestones, known as Arbroath pave-
ment, ftom Leysmill Quarries, dressed by Hunter's stone
planing machine.— (See Class 1, No. 198.)
22 Hatwooo, Jonas, ArebUy, near Banuley —
Producer.
Grindstones fW>m the Ardsley Oaks Quarry, Bamsley,
used principally in Lancashire and Yorkshire, for the
grinding of machinery, files, edge tools, needles, &o., and
for building purposes.
23 DoTi;, DnoALD, NitiAill, Hurlet, near Olaegow
— Producer.
Freestone block, teoxa Nitshill quarry. Grindstone
from the same quarry, three feet in diameter by six
inches thick.
[The sandstones liud greenstones of Nitshill arp
chiefly or entirely of the carboniferous period, and incluu
several kinds of various deg^es of excellence. — ^D. T. A.]
24 Bediobd, Bonbon, Drake, & Co., Oaks Quarry,
near Bamsley — IVoducers.
Grindstones from the Oaks Quarry, near Bamsley,
9 feet 7 inches in diameter and 14^ inches thick, for grind-
ing machinery; 4 feet in diameter and 6 inches thick, for
grinding tools; 2 feet 6 inches in diameter and 9 inches
thick, for grinding files.
25 Ratnes, Lufton, & Co., Xi»«>7K)o^Froducers.
Specimens of pure limestone, from Pentregwyddel quar-
ries, near Abergele, Denbighithii-e ; used in the rough
state, in chemical manufactures, and aa building cement
(lime); and in the manufactured state, as a lithographic
stone, &o.
Specimens of stone, ftorsy Graig-lwyd quarries (Penmaen-
Mawr, Carnarvonshire), cut into paving, channel, and
kerb-stones, and arranged in a frame as thd v would appear
in a street pavement ; and shown in a block, used as
wheelers, or tram-road stones, channels, &c.
[The stone from Penmaen-Mawr, here exhibited. La on
extremely hard compact rock of igneous origin, admirably
adapted, from its toughness, for all kinds of paving pur-
poses. It is much used in the neighbourhood of Liverpool,
and is also exported largely. — D. T. A.]
26 Penzance Serpentine Compant — Producers.
A block of rough serpentine.
27
TowixR, Edward, Market Rasen — Producer.
Stones adapted for paving, walling, road-making, and
polishing, from Kirton Lindseys Tunnel Stone Works, con-
taiiing 95 per cent, of carbonate of lime.
Blue lias and hydraulic cement.
28 Franklin, P. S., Galway, /rcfawJ— Proprietor.
Block of stone, partly polished. Block of marble and
paving-stones.
29 Brown, Robbt, & Booth, SAe^eW— Producers
and Manufacturers.
Flags and steps. Block of sandstone, weight four tons,
80 Local Cohhittee, Falmouth and Penryn —
Producers,
Sundry paving-stones.
34 Oakelet, Edward, Coed Talon, near Void,
Flintshire, Wales — Producor,
Steam-coal from Coed Talon and Leeswood oollierieSf
near Mold, North Wales.
[This noble column of coal, said to weigh 16 tons, is
{h>m the main coal of the Flintshire coal-field, a seam
nine feet thick, accompanied by five other beds of coal
and four beds of ironstone. The quality of the coal is
bituminous, and the proportion of ash less than 3 per
cent. The Flintshire coal-field is a narrow strip, partly
covered with new red sandstone, and extends 40 milen
from north to south, with au ascertained breadth of from
two to 12 miles, being cut off by a north and south fftult.
The mines supplying the specimen extend over 1,300
acres, and were opened about 30 years ago. About 2,000
tons of coal per week are raised irom them, — D. T. A,]
35 BtrcKlNOHAH, J,, 13 Jvdd Place East, New Road
(Agent to Messrs, Mterb & Co,, Bonville's Court
Collieries) — Producer and Importer,
Anthracite coal, from Tenby, South Wales, Specimens
of patent artificial stone.
36 Round, D, O,, Hange Colliery, Tipton, near Birming-
ham— Producer and Proprietor,
Specimens of iron ore.
Specimen of coal from the thirty feet, or thick-coal
seam of South Staffordshire, cut out of the solid coal.
This specimen is of the largest dimensions that could be
brought out of the mine up a seven-feet circular shaft.
It measures eighteen feet in circumference, and weighs
five tons.
The rope used in lifting it is also exhibited; it was
manufactured by Mr, Wm, A, Chubb, of Woodpark,
Devonport,
The chains used in sending the coal out of the mine
are shown in connexion with the rope; the block was
raised by means of the ordinary machinery employed in
the colliery. The picks used in hewing the coal.
[The thick coal-seam of Staffordshire, of which a com-
plete section is given by the exhibitors, and of which also a
fine block weighing five tons is shown by Mr. Round, does
not extend over a very large area, consisting, in fact,
of the accidental junction of several seams with very thin
and carbonaceous bands. The whole are necessarily
worked together, and below them are no less than eight
other seams (one of them 9 feet thick) worked near
Wolverhampton. The district yields much ironstone,
and iab coal is being rapidly abstracted : it is used to an
enormous extent for manufacturing purposes and iron-
smelting in the neighbourhood of Birmingham. — ^D, T. A,]
37 James & Aubret, Swansea — Producers.
A large block of anthracite, or stone coal, from Cwm-
llynfell, in the Swansea valley,
[The great South- Welsh coal-field includes, at a mode-
rate estimate, as much as 1,000 square miles of country,
unequally divided between bituminous cool and an-
thracite, the dividing line being nearly coincident with
the Neath Valley, and the anthracite portion extending to
the west. The onthi-acite has only recently been intro-
duced into use, but is now recognised as a very important
material, the different kinds being of great v^ue for spe-
cial purposes, and yielding sometimes as much as 92 per
cent, of carbon. The pure W ulsh anthracite has been
found to evaporate 10 lb. 8i oz. water, by one pound of
coal, the best bituminous coal not evaporating more than
8 lbs. There is no reason to suppose any difference in
tl6
MININO AND MINERAL PBODUOTS
Odtudb TBI Building.
[Unitio
geologioal age between the bituminoua and anthnuiite
coaU.— D. T. A.]
38 Imob Haix Coal k Cannkl Cokpamt, Wigan —
Producer.
Block* of Arley ud Pemberton coal.
89 CAiimoM'a Ckui^RooK Stkam Coal and Swambka
and LouoHOB Bailwat Company, 3 Moorgate
Street — Produoen.
Speoimen of steam coal (of a quality intermediate
between bituminous coal and anthracite), from the mines
near Loughor, in the county of Glamorgan, South
Wales, wmoh have been worked about eight years. It is
exerted from the porta of Swansea and Llanelly in the
Bristol Channel.
40 Haines, Richard, & Sons, Denbigh Hall, Tipton,
Staffordshire — Proprieton.
Large speoimen of the Staffoniahire thick, or ten-yard
coal; heignt, 9 feet 6 inches; circumference, 21 feet 10
inches; weight, 13 tons. Brought 70 yards underground
to the bottom of the shaft, and raised from a depth of 165
yards by the ordinary steam-engine, with no other appa-
ratus thian that regularly in use.
41 Babbow, R., Staveley Works, near Chesterfield,
Derbyshire — Producer.
Coal firom the mines of Staveley, counter of Derby,
raised from a shaft 459 feet deep. The block is estimated
to weigh 24 tons.— (See Class 1, No. 255.)
42 JoNB^, Sells, & Co., 55 Banhide, Southvim-k —
Agents.
Anthracite coal, flrom Llanelly, South Wales. — (See
Class 1, No. 258.)
43
Davis, D., ffineain, near Merthyr Tydvil, Walet —
Proprietor.
The Blaengwawr steam ooal, from Aberdare.
44
Nbath Abbet Coal Compant, Olamorganshire —
Proprietors.
Brynddwey (or Bryndorway) coal. Obtained under a
mountain lying between the Tides of Keath and Swansea,
and about three miles from the sea. The coal known by
the name of Qraigola is from the same seam.
Anthraoit-e coal — obtained from an eighteen-feet seam
under the mountains, on the western side of the vale of
Neath, and about twelve miles from the sea.
45
Price, T. P. & D., Tillery Colliery, near Newport,
Monmouthshire — Producers.
Steam coal, from Tillery, near Newport, Monmouth-
shire, the produce of a newly-opened colliery (in the
South Wales coal basin), upon the steam-coal vein, " the
Elled," a 5-feet vein; the "big coal," an 8-feet vein; and
the " I coal," an 8-feet 7-inch vein; all of superior quality.
The coal is obtainable in masses of 50 tons weight, and
is adapted for steam purposes, and for exportation.
Analysis of Cum Tillery Coed.
(Carbon.
Coke
1
Ash
Volatile matter .
Silica . . . •
Alumina . .
Oxide of iron
Carb. of magnesia
Carb. of lime .
Three-
quuter
Coal.
630
32
12
2
4
0
320
1000
Elled
Coal.
660
36
18
4
2
0
280
1000
Big
VePn
Coal.
680
30
10
3
4
1
272
1000
These seams,of ooal are said to be as rich, perhMs, as
any in the South Wale* basin. They lie upward* of
b60_ feet in depth, and are brought up by two steam-
engines of lOO'horse power each (hign preajure). Tha
colliery ia a new one, and oapable of produoiug 1000 tona
per day.
47 Thb Bbtmbo Compant, Wrexham, Wales—
Producers.
Block of coal, ttom Brymbo, near Wrexham, North
Wales.
48 FiTZWiLLiAM, Earl Chablbs William, Wentteorih
House, near Rotherham — Producer.
Pillar, exhibiting a complete section of the Bamsley
thick bed of coal, from the Klsicot colliery, and showins
the different portions applicable for steam-engine* and
manufacturing purposes, a: id for domestic uaes.
[The Bamsley coal is well illustrated in the Exhibition,
as there will be found no less than three columns of it;
two representing the whole thickness of what is called
the thick bed, and the other from Silkstone, showing a
beautiful variety of coal also found in the district. Tha
situation of Buiuley, in the centre of the gres* coal-
field of Yorkshire, and the abundance and quality of
its coal, render it important among t'le inlaiod town*
producing mineral fuel. There are .«e principal
varieties, viz., hard-stone coal, soft or tender coal, and
oannel. The iridiscent or peacock ooal may almost b«
regarded as a fourth. The coal is worked long-wall
method.— D. T. A.]
49 Adercabn Coal Company— Produoen.
Block of steam coal.
50 QilMOUB, A., & Co., Kilmarnock, Scotland—
Proprieton.
Coal from Hurlford and Skerrington Colliery, near
ELilmamock, exported from the port of Troon, and used
principally for steam purposes. The colliery has been
worked for upwards of forty yean. Thickness of seam,
11 feet.
[The Kilmarnock coal-field, in Ayrahire, closely adjoin*,
and perhaps forms part of that worked a little to the
south-west at Ayr. The coal is anthracitic for the most
part, especially when near the trap dykes that intersect
the district; but there are in the neighboiurhood many
seams of bituminous quality. As much as 150,000 tons of
coal are exported from the Kilmarnock district.— D. T. A.]
52 Cruttweix, Allies, & Co., Cwm Celyn and Blaina
fron Works, Abergavenny — Produoen.
Fossil tree from the coal measures.
[This fossil is one of those called by palaeontologist*
" Sigillaria," appearing like the trunk of a tree stamped
with a pattern in the regular rows in direction of its
length. It is probably the trunk of the same kind of tree
as that of which roots are found in infinite abundance in
the fire clays beneath coal-bands. It was very common
during the coal period. The stems exhibit no woody
structure internally, having been for the most part
hollow or succulent, and easily crushed; but they had
a central woody axis, and an outer coating of bark,
which is often found turned into coal. Leaves were
probably originally attached to the scan, and were con-
nected through the bark with the central woody axis.] —
D. T. A.]
53 Baonall & Oesson, West Bromwich, near
Birmingham — Producen .
Coliunn of South Staffordshire thick coal — showing the
different working seam* as they exist in vertical section.
KlKODOM.]
MININQ ANr MINERAL PRODUCTS
OOTfllDB TBI BniLDIKa.
w
North
[The South Staffordahire ooal-flald ia nnwrkable, in %
gvologioal point of view, for the abienoe of the mountain
limeitone and millatone grit, and the inunediate super-
position of ooal meaauree on the Silurian limeitonea; and
it di£fen also from other formations of the same kind by
having a great ireponderanoe of shales, and few inter-
vening beds of simdstone. It is quite clear that the oir-
oumstancee of deposition must have been different, but
the nature and extent of the difference it is not so easy
to discover.
The coal measures in Staffordshire are thus the only
representatives of the carboniferous system, and they
are almost entirely made up of shales, alternating with
seams of coal and ironstone.
The number of ooal seams is only eleven, but the
main bed in the middle of the deposit is upwards of 30
feet in thickness, and it comprises, in fact, several beds
of cjoal, separated by partings of shale so thin that the
whole is worked together. This ten-yard ooal crops out
near Bilston, and extends from thence entirely across the
southern half of the coal-field, where it forms the
principal object of mining operations. — D. T. A.]
64 Chsxsewrino Oranite Company. — Agent in
London, Edward Turner, Behidere Road,
Lambeth — Producer.
Granite column upon a pedestal about 30 feet high,
Horn the Cheesewring gmnUe quarries, on the Manor of
RoUaton, near Liskeard, Cornwall, belonging to the
Prince of Wales. The pedestal, cap and base to the
column, worked at the Cheesewring granite wharf, Belvi-
dere road, Lambeth, and the shaft at the quarries.
[The quarries which have produced this noble column
have not hitherto been much worked, but are capable of
great extension, the magnitude of the blocks obtainable
from them being almost unlimited. The granite will be
seen to be of excellent quality. — D. T. A.]
55 Rodger, Lieut. W., R.N., 9 Shawfield Street, Kitig's
Road, Chelsea.— laynaioi and Patentee.
Large anchor, manufactured by Fox, Henderson,
and Co.
57 Ijonoridoe & Co.— Manufacturers.
Large anchor.
58 Brown, Sir S. Lennox, ft Co.— Muiufaoturera.
Large anchor.
59 Bateman, — , Inventor.
Two life-boats.
60 YoHNO, C. & Co., Edinburgh— Ivyenion and
Manufacturers.
Simultaneously -acting level-crossing gates for railways.
61 Dench, — , Pi-oducer.
Two greenhouses on a new construction. The chief
points of novelty are — Ist. That by the peculiar con-
struction of the lights, and the selection made in the
materials to be used, putty and all other adhesive com-
posts are entirely avoided. 2nd. That the glass can be
put in or removed with such facility, that the bars and
frame can be painted, the glass cleaned, and the whole
effectually repaired at an immense saving upon the old
system. 3rd. That it will not require such frequent
repairs as ordinary greenhouses. 4th. That in the event
of a fracture, it will not be absolutely necessary to wait
for the assistance of a glazier to repair the same; the
simplicity of the contrivance enabling any one to become
his own glazier. 5th, That leakage— a universal com-
plaint in the old system— is here guarded against by a
peculiar grooved bar, which likewise assists to carry off
evaporation, and renders ventilation more complete.
6th. That the glass being moveable, persona oan erect
greenhouses upon the property of othara, and remove
the same securely at the expiration of lewM or rental
terms.
62 Kent, A., C!'irA«f(<»'— Inventor.
New mode of glazing greenhouses.
63
PHibun, Charlh, Wetton-tt^ftT'liare —
Manufacturer.
Flower, rhubarb, se.<tkale, layer, and «alad pots, of
superior clay, for forcing, protecting, and .'<tr«> ' ^ening
theplanta.
Flower guarda and seed basins. Garden tilee. Stmw«
berry tUea. Water tables. Striking pans. Crm;« tilea.
64 DoDLTON & Co., Xam&tfM— Manufaoturen.
Large pipe in stone ware, and other articles.
65 Singer & Co., VamhaU Pottery — Mamifaoturera.
A still, and other articles in stone ware.
66
Feboubon, Miller, & Co., Heathfield, near
Olasgova — ^Manufaoturera.
Pipes and other large stone ware.
67 Green, S. & Co. — Manufacturers.
Large stone ware, adapted for chemical manufactures,
household and other purposes.
[Salt-glazed stoneware — of which there are many fine
specimens exhibited by the above and other persons —
differs from porcelain both in the quality of the clay of
which it is constructed, and in the mode of glazing.
The clay is obtained from Cornwall, Devonshire, and
Dorsetshire, and consist largely of silica, the proportion
of alumina being rather small, and the quantity of iron
and lime inconsiderable. If either of these latter siTb-
stances is present in too large a proportion, it acts as
a flux, and the material cannot withstand the intense
heat of the furnace. If also any impurities exist that
are destroyed during firing, a hole would be the result,
which would completely destroy the value of the object
if required for chemical use.
The glazing of these vessels is effected by throwing
into the vessels a quantity of very coarse salt shortly
after the last charge has been added to the fumaoe-pipe;
the salt is at once converted into vapour, and a perfect
coating of glass is formed on every part of the vessels
exiMsed, the soda of the salt uniting with the silica of
the clay, while the liberated chlorine takos up the iron
from the clay and escapes. Acids have no effect upon
vessels thus prepared. — D. T. A.]
68 Ohanoemoiith Coal Company, Orangemouih,
iSiimfer/nwi— Manufacturers.
Sundry objects in stone ware, and fire clay; conaiating
of chimney cans, &c.
69 Oarnkirk Company (Sfrot, M. & T.)
Sundry articles in stone ware.
70 Ramsay, G. H., Derwent Haugh, Neucastle—'
Inventor.
Fire-clay goods.
71 FRANas & Sons, Nine £?/nu— Manufacturers.
Drain pipes manufactured by machinery.
llf
MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS
OtJTBIDK THI BciLDnia.
76 Huaunr, Richard, Ptnryn, Cornwall —
MauuftMituMr.
Onnlto obelUk uid bMe (two pieoea), being together
ao feet high, weighing about 15 toni. Exhibited tu show
the aiulity of the Coruiah gnmite. Taken from the
quaniee at Canweu, near PeniTn. Of thia material a
KMkt quantity waa uaed in the oonatruotion of new
ndon bridge.
[The granite beat known aa C<mti»A, ia that obtained from
near Ponryn, which haa been long and extenaively uaed
for varioua public worka in England. It ia obtained firom
varioua looalitiea, and aeveral qualitiea are employed, the
tlner kinda being very good. The whole quantity ahipped
at Penryn varie* exceedingly in difTerent yean, amount-
ing aometimea to nearly 20,000 tona, but ia generally for
leaa, often nut a fourth part. Tlie approximate value
may be atated at about U. Od. per cube foot before export,
and the weight ia uaually taken at 14 oubio feet to the
ton.— D. T A.]
76 At aome diatance from the western extremity of the
building ia a coloaaal equuRtrian statue of Richard t'li^ur
de Lion, by the Baron Marochetti.
The paving in the South Encloauro ia laid down by
three exiiibitors, Mr. Sinclair, Caithness; MeasrT.
Browit, Rusbv, and Co. Yorkshire; and Mr. Franklin,
Ireland.
EASTERN END.
100 KuixoHiN, StetJen.
Monument of granite in form of a oroaa, out out of a
aingle block, remarkably fine grained.
101 STAMDI8H ft NoBLi, Aoj/fAot— Importera and
Produoera.
Cuprenu* funebrii, or weeping oypreaa, 30 feet in
height, from the green-tea country, Wheychow (Hwuy-
chow), in the north of China, where it ia uaed for orna-
mental planting, and in burial giounUa, whence it takea
ita name. Live plants were fitat imported into thia
country in the spring of 1840.
Piecea of poliahed wood fh>m the aame tree.
102 , France,
Life-boat, aa at preHiMit in use in the BVenoh navy,
103 Lkolkr, — , Paris.
Ornamental foimtain in oaat-iron bronze, with flgurea,
atatuettea, Ao.
104 , /Hi/ii.
Tent, the material manufactured at the Jubulpore
School of Industry, iu India, by Thugs.
The pavement at the eastern entrance ia laid by the
Sevbbel Asphalte Company, in their prepared asi>lialto.
The pavement at the South, •.■•. Tranaept Entrance, con"
sists of slate slabs from Featiniog, North Walea.
MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS.
INTRODUCTION.
The intention in tho ooUeotion of the objects in the four Classei ' '' the firat aeotion— Haw Matorialt and
Produce — has been to give a practical illustration of those substances in the mineral, animal, and vegetable
kingdoms, which human industry is constantly occupied in converting into the varied forms of manu-
factured articles, or which are themselves, as in the case of fuel, the indispensable sources of manufacturing
power. If, therefore, it is desired to obtain a philosophical view of this Exhibition and its multifarious contents,
ft will be found useful to commence tho study by the examination of those materials, which, in other depart-
ments, have been caused to assume forms so diversified. From the raw mineral it is thus |)088ible to proceed
through the various stages of its manufacture, until it is finally seen emhodyint; tho conceptions of the mechanic,
tho architect, or the artist. Many of the objects comprehended under these four Classes have little or no
external beauty, and present, cousequontly, no appreciable value to tho uninstructed. But if it be considered
that, in the pre]iaration of these materials for use, and in their application to the purposes of life, consists the
daily toil of nmltitudes of the human family, then the Classes of raw materiahi appear to take on a new and
interesting a8[)ect.
The present Class is divisible into the following sub-t Insscs : — A . Mining and quarrying operations. B. dec*
logical maps, plans, and sections. C. Ores and metallurgical 0{)eration8. D. Non-metallic mineral products.
It comprises all that relates to the procuring of metal Yielding mineral substances, to their muttuil geological
relations, and to the operations necessary for subduing them to the requirements of the manufacturer. It also
includes the extraction of minerals used as fuel, of marine minerals used in construction, of minerals used in
manufactures, for ornament and for agriculture. Specimens illustrative of each of these subjects are to be
found in this Chiss ; and if it be studied attentively it will be discovered that objects representative of all that
properly belongs to tho Class are contained in this collection.
This Class is imrtlv contained within Avenue S. of the Building, and extends from the western entrance to tho
Sculpture Room. If the study of it be commenced at the Sculpture Room and proceeded with to the western
extremity of the Avenue, it will be found that the metalliferous minerals and the obiects illustrative of
metallurgical processes generally, are first encountered, and subsequently the non-metallic mineral:^, fuels,
stones, and geological 8|)ecimens. The arrangement of the objects in the Catalogue is, however, in the opposite
direction. Upon the walls of this avenue are arranged maps, plans, and geological sections, in addition to
specimens of decoration Ixilonging to Class 27, which have a certain relation with the present Class.
A^ong the groups of objects which present themselves most prominently on entering the avenue at the
Sculpture Room are large specimens of lead ore and of lead in various stages of preparation. Specimens of
silver extr 3ted from lead by the crystallizing process of silver and gold, of iron, copper, tin, zinc, and other
metals, are arranged in order along the Avenue. To these succeed mining apparatus of various kinds, and
models illustrative of mining processes. Mineral fuels, iitaining every variety of coal, with specimens of
canuel coal in manufactured state, cokes, peat, and artificial fuels come next. Slates, with illustrations of their
economical application, building stones, china-clays, cements, and artificial stones follow these, and are suc-
ceeded by geological specimens, gems, &c., up to the western termination of the avenud.
This Class is also illustrated by several large objects placed outside the Builuing ^ among these are artificial
cements applied to various purposes, sjiecimens of slate, flagstones, blocks of anthracilo and other coal, pillars
of coal exhibiting sections of beds of that substance, and columns formed of single blocks of granite. Several of
these specimens are remarkable for their size, and furnish good illustrations of the mechanical facilities of
extraction and of transport possessed by this country.
The whole of this Class may be considered well illustrative of tlio mineral wealth of Britain. If our supplies
of the more precious metals .1 0 limited, the resources of power and wealth are given to this country in tho
exhaustless stores of minerals yielding the viler metals, and a fossil fuel with which it has been endowed. The
ore, the fuel for its reduction, and u 1 material for the necessary processes, are all to be found in abundance,
and generally in direct geological proximity to each other. The possession of these materials, added to the
development of the means of their employment, and of the applicatiuns of their products, lie at the foundation
of the present commercial and productive greatness of Great Britain. — B. E.
130
Clam 1.— MINTNO AND MINERAL PRODUCTS.
South 8ioi— Amas H. 1 to H. 27.
[U:
FoMli flahM from th« old r«d MUidatoM (CiipSaliuipii).
[Tho foMil flibM found in owtain pwU of tb« old rwl
■anditona fonnatton bm of oonaid«r*bl« ralu* In uuurking
th« !!({• of th» dapoait wb«r« the mluanl ohMMter of the
b«da ia Tary dUbrant ftrom that ordinaHljr raoogniaed.
Tha ipaoiman above rafarrad to will b« found to ahow
vary parfactly tha gananl form of an uilmal lo wldaljr
and olaarljr dlatlnot ftrom that of oommoB flihaa, that
aoma doubt may ba fait aa to the idantlfloatlon. Tha
relation bus, huv'avar, b«en made out vary latUfaotorily,
and K«aral allied «tenara have bean found in rooka of
■imilar ancient date — D. T. A.]
2 FowBX, WiUJAM John, Tukwy, near Urndm,
,V<«»— Proprietor.
Geological ipeaimeia :— A ipeoiea of ooral, ttom the
aand of the upper ool'te formation at Tinbury, found In
a vein extending northward, and now converted into flint
and chert. The hardeit tilntii fh>m tbla locality were
orlfflBally manufactured into gun flint*.
[The town of Tiabury ia on the Portland atone; bnt
the lower beda of the Purbeck i«rie«, aa well aa the up-
permoat oolitea, are quarried in the neighbourhoo<l. A
eontinuoua bed of flint, about two inchea thick, ia seen
in one of the quorriea, and from thii band are obtained
beautiAil ipeoimena of coral in chalcedony. Some of the
oolita of tha neighbourhood if very flne-grained.—
D. T. A.]
8 CaitM, J., DtMnU, near Camelford, Cornm tt —
Proprietor.
Two apeoimena of rock oryatal, taken from the alate
quarriaa at Dalabole, near Cornwall; uaed for jewellery.
[The uaa of rock crystal in the arta ii (till very eonaider-
able, oa it ia employed extensively in making apectacle
glaaaea luid fbr other optical purpoaea. It waa formerly
used for oupa and various ornaments, and many finely
out apeoimena are exhibited ttom India, China, &c. The
finest and largest crystals are from Madagascar, Switzer-
land, and North America.— D. T. A.]
4 BoHlTTO, J. Nemon; Balleras, O. E., of London,
Exhibitors; and Paris, E.— Producer.
Specimens of emerald in the matrix from the mine of
Muso, New Uranada.
[Emeralds of large siae and perfect clearness are ex-
tremely rare, and of great value, but found with flaws they
are not so imoommon. They occur chiefly near granite
in %beria, Sweden, and New Omnada, and in Africa,
betwean Egypt and Ethiopia. The lightly coloured
varietiea are called beryl, and are found in the East Indies
and Brasil. Kmeralda have also been obtained from
various parta of France, Ireland, Saxony, the Tyrol, and
Connecticut, in the United States. Emerald is harder
than quarts; its speoiflo gravity is 2*73 (heavier than
beryl), and it is generally found orystalliaed in a prismatic
form. It is a silicate of alumina and a rare earth called
glucina, coloured by chrome. — D. T. A.]
5 & 138 LnMTAioNE, Joss, Tallaght ffousf,
DmWiw— Proprietor.
A specimen of limestone inoloaing granite.
Speoimens of iron pyrites, from the great sulphur lode,
Ballygahan mine, Wioklow; exported to Liverpool, &c.
Sulphuret of copper, from same place. Sulphuret of
lead, or galena ; white carbonate of lead ; sulphate of
barjrtes, with crystals of phospliate of lead ; all from
Olenmolure mine, county Wioklow.
Native gold, and imitation of a large piece (found some
yeara ago), from the gold mines, county Wicklow.
Silver (tha property of Mr. Donafan, Dublin), from tha
Iriah Mining Comiiany'a lead minaa.
Hpaciinena of atratiflsd breccia, compoaed of aiuular
(higmanta of granite embedded in uUz or impu. ■- Tir '>.
stone, and of granite, ftrom Crumlin quarry, ncv i. . '
laght. county Dublin.
Sulphuret of lead, ftrom Killing mina, oonnty Dubk
from Oontarf mine; fhtm Lyrus, county Kildaro; an'*,
other oountiea. Black oxide and other oouper orea ftrom
Ballystain, county liimerick. Sulphureta of leail and
ooppar, in fluate of lima, ttom Inveran, near Oalway.
Peacock copper ore, fWim Killamey minea. Oxide of
manganeae, ftrom Olandore, county (Jork. Bog iron ore,
(W)m Howth, county Dublin. Cryatala of quarts, weigh-
ing 84 Iba., ftrom Donegal.
[The iron pyritea of Wicklow is use<l in the chemical
works of St. Helen's, and other plaoos near Liverpool, for
various processes where sulphur ia required. It contains,
when pure, iron 46-67, sulphur SB-.ta.
This material ia aaaoiiatad with tha copper urea of
Wicklow, and oooura in a vein traversin'' tha copper
lodea in a north-eaatem and south-western direction. It
la found at the surface, and is raised in Urge quantities,
down to the depth of 50 feet, the lode varying in width
fh>m 4 to a6 feet.
The native gold of Wioklow ia remarkable for the oom>
paratively large quantitiea In which it haa been found,
ck>me of the lum|)a weighed ftrom 18 to '22 oancea, and
045 ounces were collected during some operations carried
on by Oovemment some years ago. The gold is asso-
ciated with iron and quarts, in a bed of detritus varying
from 20 to 50 feet deep.
Conaiderable quantities of silver, as well aa gold, have
been found in Ireland at varioua perioda in the hiatory of
the country.— D. T. A.]
Block of carboniferous llmeston« containing shelhl of
ProJfictuB.
7 Brkaualbame, Marquis of, Taytnouth, Aberftldy,
Perth — Producer.
Specimens from the silver-lead mine of Corriebuie, on'
the south side of Loch Tay, Perthshire.
Specimens from the lead mines of Tyndrum, Perthshire.
Chroraatc of iron, from the mine of Corrieckarmalg, in
Olenloohy, Perthshire.
Htematitio iron, from Olenquaich, Perthshhre.
Rutile, or oxide of titanium, ft-om the noi-th side of
Loch Tay, Perthshire.
Brown quartz, ftrom Ben-Lawers, north side of Loch
Tay, Perthshire.
uiranite and porphyry, ttota the forest of Olenorchy,
in Argyllshire.
OrMiite, from the quarries of Barrs and Inverliver, on
Loch Etive, Argyllshire.
[The mineral produce of Perthshire, illustrated above, ia
obtained from systems of veins, some of which, running
N.W. and S. W., contain copper ores of various kinds, with
some ores of iron; and othera, runningN.N.E. and S.S.W.,
contain chiefly lead ore. The veinstone is generally quarts',
and the ores include several interesting mineraU. —
D. T. A.]
8 Lebson, Dr. H. B., Greenwich — Inventor.
Models, crystalline minerals, and engravings; illiistra-
tivfl of the exhibitor's system of crvstalTography.
The following are the principles upon which these
models have been constructed : —
When the atoms of any description of matter have
arranged themselves through the intervention of certain
natural forces, in a form characterized by the evident
order and angular disposition of its bounding surfaces,
such solid form is termed a crystal.
KlKODOM.J
Clam 1.— MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS.
HOUTH HlDI— Ar«a« 8. 1 TO ». 27.
121
KvOTjr erytUI may b« rafbrnd to on* or oih«r of thrM
oImmm or lyitanu.
ThaM thrM oImmi are dapandanton tlia raUtlva dirao-
tlnn of thraa Hnaa not M In tba mum plana, indtoatlve of
tha diraotion ftvm a oommon oantra of origin of tba
natural furoaa by which tha crystal haa baan formad;
luoh thraa linaa are termed the gubernatorial axea.
The thraa olaMWS are a* fbllowa:—
ciaM 1. Rectangular. All the axaa at right anglea to
each other.
ClaM II. Obliaua rectangular. One asia oblique to
tha other two, which are rectangular.
Claae III. Oblique. All three axea making equal
oblique angles with each other.
All the axes are of oaual length, and in the leoond and
third class the prevailing angle of obliquity is naarly
(if not invariably) 101 "> 49' 0-4", and iU supplement
78° 10' ftO-8".
It is a very simple but Important law, easily demon-
strated, and greatly facilitating crystal lographio investi-
gations, that any plane of any crystal whatever must
belong to one or other of the three following forms,
which may be designated and defined as follows :—
'Triseoant. Cutting all three gubernatorial axee.
Duoseoant. Cutting only two axea, and therefore
parallel to the tUrd.
Ultimate. Cutting only one, and therefore parallel to
the other two.
A set of fundamental forms, similarly constituted,
belongs to each of tho three classes.
This circumstance, vis., the existence of such a set of
forms, chMtMSteriws a class or system.
Each fundamental form is produced by six similar
and equal four-sided pyramids, one being placed at each
end of every gubernatorial axis, so that the diameters of
the base of the jprramid coincide with or bisect the other
two Rubematorial axes.
When the diameters of the base of the pyramid coin-
cide with or ore parallel to the gubernatorial axes^ the
form produced is trisecant. When, ou the contrary, the
diameters of the base of the pyramid bisect or ore parallel
to. the line of bisection of the gubernatorial axes, the
form produced is duoaeoant.
The series of fundamental forms is produced by a
suoceseive diminution in the height of the pyramid,
according to a regular law. The diameter of the base of
the pyramid in the trisecant series, and the sides of the
base in the duosecant series, being a multiple of its
height by some integer. When the diameter of the base
becomes infinitely extended, or the height of the
pyramid becomes 0, we arrive at the ultimate form,
which is a culie in the vectangular class, a right rhombic
prism in the oblique rectangular class, and a rhombohe-
dron in the oblique class.
The most frequent, if not the onl^ series, is that in
which the ratio of height in the pyramid to the diameters
or sides of its base is as 1 to some power of 2, those
actually observed being 2', 2», 2*, 2«, and 2". In this
series we may pass from the trisecant to the duosecant,
and from the duosecant to the trisecant forms, by n con-
tinual replacement of edges by planes. Thus commencing
with the octohedron, and replacing its edges by planes,
we pass to the dodecahedron, or first duosecant form.
Thence to the trapezohedron, or second trisecant form.
Thence to the pyramidal hexahedron, or second duosecant
form. Thence to a flatter trapezohedron, and so on, till
we arrive at the ultimate form, or cube, when, by
replacement of its edges, we may return to the dodeca-
hedron, or first duosecant form.
A new set of forms is produced by rotating, inverting,
or altering the position of the pyramids 45°, so as to
make trisecant pyramids duosecant, and duosecant pyra-
mids trisecant ; and next, by combination of two equal
and similar fundamental forms, a set of forms having an
eight-sided pyramid is produced at each end of the guber-
natorial axes: thus, two octohedrons joined together pro-
duce the triakis octohedron ; two trapesohedrons joined
together produce the hexakisoctohedron, and so on.
It'i^pears as if these forms, like macled crystals, arise
trom a simultaneous devstopmant of two crystals In
opposite diraotions, and than what would be re-antaring
angles are filled tin, so that only the 1h'«>« of tha two
onrstaU retiinin. "Thus each aight-si<lad pynuuid consists
uf^ulanes joining tha four latMul edges at ona pyramid
with those of tha four lataral adgas of another equal and
similar pyramid. Lastly, from tne forms thus iMsoribad
an infimte variety of others are obtaine<l, first by the
unequal development of particular planes, and next by
composition of two or more forms.
In natural crystals, it is flrequantly obaervad that
certain planes are extended more than others ; indeed,
it will be found that unai|ual development la tha rule,
and perfect forms are the exception. In the case of the
diamond, which very commonly orystalliie* in the regu-
lar octohedral form, the octohedron is constantly un-
eoually developed, giving rise to the various forms *x«
hibited in the Arawlng.
When unequal development does not occasion tha loss
of any plane, the form is termed simply imperfect; but
when, as in the passage of the octohedron into the ^**rri.
hedron, or into tha rhombohedron, certain planes a.«
obliterated, the form is termed defective.
The law of unequal development shows that whatever
forms can be produoad thereby fW)m the series of forms
already deeoribed, they may poosibly have existence with-
out any dimorphism in the substance examined. Pro-
ceeding on this bfuiis, the exhibitor has discovered that
all the unequal-axea crystals are merely unequal develop-
ments which have concealed the true chomoter of the
crystals, but which have been abundantly and conclusively
explained by the small remnatitM of planes to which little
attention has been heretofore directed, but which beooma
of great signifloanoy in relation to the law in question.
9
MiTCBBX, Rev. Waltkr, St. Bartholonuufi
HmpUal — Designer and Inventor,
Series of models in paper, representing all the primary
and secondary forms of crystals, and the most important
combinations of these forms.
10 Dteb, Willum, Little Hampton, near Arundel—
Proprietor and Inventor.
Sussex coast agates, found on the sea-beach; many
containing gpecimens of petrified sponges, sea anemones
iCHoanitet Kdnigii), and other zoophytes. Specimens.
Bshioned and polished for ornaments.
[The agates on the Sussex ooaat are, to a great extent,,,
if not entirely, chalk flints in a peculiar state; and they"
frequently exhibit very beautiful indications of organic
structure. The definition of agate generally in mineralogy
has reference to an apparently banded structure, or con- '
centric arrangement of silicious matter, often showing
different tints of colour. When of considerable size, the
central part is generally clear. The essential material
is, in all coses, silica, and the colour n, no doubt, due-,
to metallic oxides, chiefly of iron and manganese. —
D. T. A.]
11 Slater & Wright, W»iV6y— Manufacturers.
Specimens of rough jet, and articles manufactured from
jet for ornamental purposes.
[Jet is a variety of coul o'^'-urring abundantly in certain
localities, but not associated with true coal. At Whitby
it is found in the lias beds of that district, and has long
been known and worked. It is also common in France
(Languedoc), the Alps, Spain (the Asturias), andOallicia,
and in the United States at Massachusetts. Very large
quantities are used for ornamental purposee, and for
rosaries, crosses, &c., in Roman Catholic countries. The
true jet is much lighter and pleasanter to wear tlian the
numerous imitations that abound everywhere.— D. T. A.]
xss
Class 1.— MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS.
South Sidk — Abeas S. 1 to S. 27.
[UuiThii,
12 Wbbb, — , Caloot Farm, Beyuling—Ptodaoet.
Portion of a foMil silioified tree from the sand. The
horn of an ox dug up from the peat.
13 Elus, R., ITarrowgate — Producer.
Collection of the different mineral waters of Harrow-
gate, and their antdyses.
14 Tbnnant, James, 149 -Srtrand— MineralogiBt,
Four cases of minerals and fossils for educational,
scientific, and ornamental purposes.
A magnificent and gigantic crystal of emerald, the pro-
perty of His Grace the Duke of Devonshire, by whose
permission it is exhibited.
[This collection includes, among other objects, a series
of orystalb of gems of very great interest, illustrating the
mode in which such objects are found and may be dis-
tinguished. It also exhibits a series of fossils useful in
identifying rooks. — D. T. A.]
15 Neus, John, Omagh, County Tyrone, Irtland—
Proprietor.
Pearls, with specimens of the shells in which they are
formed ; found in the deepest parts of the river Strule
(fresh t^ater), at the town of Omagh, county Tyrone.
[The sholl-fish from which these specimens of native
pearl are derived is the Unio margaritifera, and the pearls
are second only in quality to those obtained from the
true pearl-oyster, Meleagrina margaritifera. Pearl con-
sists of concentric layers of membrane and carbonate of
lime, and is partially soluble in acid. — E. F.]
16 CowiE, A., & Rae, W., Elton, Scotland—
Proprietors,
Pearls from the river Ythan, Aberdeenshire.
17 HoRNE, — , Camhenoell — Producer.
Petrified eggs and nest from Qoreo Island, west coast
of North Africa, lat. 63« 13'.
18 Matto, William, 17 Silver Street, Wood Street, Cheapside
— Inventor.
Glass pipes for the conveyance of aqueous or aeriform
fluids. The novelty consists in the invention of a perfect
joint, k. metallic flange is firmly attached to the ends of
the pipes without the use of any cement; the flanges are
Abutted, and secured together by screw couplings. By
means of these joints, glass pipas can be laid down by any
ordinary workman; they can be altered, exten.lud, or
removed at pleasure, the same joints being available for
any length of time.
The glass pipes and joints exhibited are man-ifactured
by Swinburne and Co., South Shields; the patentees.
Mayo and Warmingtcn.
16a Lowrv, J. W.— Producer.
Diagrvns of fossils. ' *
19 CooE, A. — Proprietor.
, A large crystal of black quartz. (Batten, A., Agent.)
20 Macdonald, Major C— Proprietor.
A large series of turquoises in the matrix, in unpoliehed
fragments, and manufactured into various omamentf .
[Turquoise is a well-marked mineral of a pec\iliar blue
colour — opaque, or only slightly translucent at the edge;
it is hard, and takes a good polish, infusible, and un-
affected by acids. It is a hydrous phosphate of alumina,
with a little oxide of copper as the colouring matter. It
occurs chiefly in rounded lumps in Pursia and Arabia.
Large lumps are rarely pure, and the jjrice is about that
of the upnl. False turquoises are common, and are mauu-
faoturnd of the teeth of animals coloured by phosphate
of iron. They are much leKS hard than the true stone. —
D. T. A.]
21 Oldfibld, Rev, — , 2>m6W»— Proprietor.
A moss of crystalline quartz adapted foi' various useful
and ornamental purposes,
22 ToLAN, W.— Producer.
A collection of polished agates from the Isle of Wight.
[These Isle of Wight agates resemble those found on
the Sussex coast, and exhibited by Mr, Dyer (10). The
finest agates are from Oberstein (near a village of that
name in the palatinate of Bavaria, situated on the river
of Nahe, which enters the Rhine at Bingeu), and from
India. Very beautiful specimens of the latter are ex-
hibited by the East India Company.— D, T, A.]
23 HioHLEY, Samuel, jim., 32 Fleet Street —
Collector and IVeparer.
Sulphar Minerals.
1. Native sulphur in rhombic crystals, from Sicily.
2. Native massive sulphur.
3. Native earthy sulphur.
4. Iron pyrites, orsulphuretof iron, from Cornwall, &c,
5. Whitis iron pyriter from Littmitz, near Carlsbad,
6. Radiated pyrites, ii-v>m the chalk of Surrey and Isle
of Wight,
7. Cockscomb pyrites, from Derbyshire,
8. Copper pyrites in crystals, from the Banat, &c.
9. Copper pyrites massive, from Staffordshire, &c.
Crude Sulphur of Commerce,
10. Crude Sicilian sulphur.
11. Crude drop sulphur.
Refined Sulphur.
12. Lump sulphur,
13. Roll sulphur,
14. Sublimed sulphur.
15. Sulphur vivum.
16 and 17, Sulphur precipitation, pure and (17) adul-
terated.
Crystallized Sulphur.
18. Crystals of sulphur from its solution in bi-sulphide
of carbon,
19. Crystals from solutions of sulphur in camphine,
made at temperatures varying from 77° cent, = 17iV(>°
Faht. to 138° cent, = 280-4° Faht,
20. Crystals of sulphur deposited from sulpho-penta-
chloride of phosphorus,
21. Crystals obtained by the fusion of sulphur.
[Sulphur occurs native, in rhombic crystals; also mas-
sive with earthy and bituminous impurities, and occa-
sionally with arsenic and selenium. It is generally found
in volcanic districts and near hot springs in formations of
various geological date. It occurs abundantly with iron
and copper (iron and copper pyrites), and also with the
common ores of lead, fto. It is used in chemical manu-
facturef> and in mediciMe; also for matches and gun-
powder; and in proparing vermilion, sulphuric acid,
vulcanised caoutchouc, &a. About 80,000 tons of crude
sulphur are annually furnished from Sicily. — D. T. A.]
24 Thistlethwavte, Henrt F., T/ie Vine House,
Sctenoaks, Kent — Pr duoer.
A collection of gems nnd precious stones, chiefly illus-
trative of such as are uded for personal ornament. The
principal part of this collection was formed by Mr. Hertz,
with a view to show the great variety of shades of
colour in ouch species of slone, and to prove the connection
of some classes; such as thb corundum, whore the tints
of the ruby, sitpphire, and t .paz, are distinctly seen in
the same stone. In the class of xircons and jarg').)nH, tite
same connection of colours is exhibited. The spwinions
of diamond are interesting in point of cryBtalUjEaUun as
KiNODOM.]
Class 1,— MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS.
South Sidk — Abeab S. 1 to S. 27.
123
well as colour. The collection of pearls exhibit many
varieties of colour both in the margarita and conch-shell
specimens,
[The colours of certain minerals are extremely useful
to the mineralogist in the determination of species, and
are presented in great vai ieties in distinct series, but some-
times in very imconneoted order. The most striking
examples of series are found amongst gems, and are well
illustrated in the collection described above, which is
worthy of very careful observation and study.
' The gems which beet exhibit series of colours are
diamond, corundum (oriental ruby and sapphire), topaz,
emerald, garnet, and tourmaline. The zircons and jai^oons
are also remarkable, and highly iu^eresting.
In most cases, minerals that are nearly allied, and are
homomorphic, present similar series of colour; but in other
cases, as in the diamond, the usual crystalline forms ex-
hibit a more or less complex series in themselvos. The
principal colours of the gems are white, as opal, which is
milk white; grey; black; blue, as some sapphires, which
are PrusBian blue, or the variety corundum, called
ceylonite, which is indigo blue; green, as emerald; yellow,
as topaz; red, as some zircons, garnets, ruby, &c.; and
brown, as zircons.
The varieties of colour in pearls, extend from white and
lead grey, through yellowish and pink, to black; the latter
being, however, remarkable and rare exceptions, and the
bluish or lead grey, being less valuable thtui more distinct
tints. Some pearls exhibit much play of colour, — D. T, A.]
25 Jamieson, Georoe, 107 Union Street, Aberdeen —
Proprietor.
Cairngorm stones from Cairngorm, Aberdeershire, in
the natural state, and cut into gems for jeweller; ,
Aberdeen and Peterhead granite, cut and mounted in
brooches and other fancy articles, as buttons, studs, desk
seals, peu-^'.olders, &c.
A ram'b head mounted in silver, as a snuff-box,
Scotch pearls found in the rivers Don, Ythan, and
Ugie, Aberdeenshire, The shell from which the pearls
are obtained,
[The Cairngorm mountain, one of those forming the gra-
nite nucleus of the Grampians, and rising to the hoight of
4,080 feet, is well known, and has been long celebrated
for the fine quartz crystals of white, pink, dark brown,
and black colours which take their name from it, and are
found either in the cavities in the rock or the debris of
rivers. Of these crystals, the deep-yellow varieties, when
well cut and set, are sold as topazes, and sometimes called
Scotch topaz, while the darker varieties are called smoke
topaz,— D, T. A.]
26 Cassels, Alexander, Edinburgh — Proprietor,
Two curling stones used in Scotland in the national
game of curling, made of the rock of Ailsa Craig, in the
Firth of Clyde,
A specimen of the rock in the rough state.
The game of curling is practised upon ice during the
winter. The Royal Caledonian Curling Club, of which
His Royal Highness Prince Albert ia patron, is composed
of above 10,000 members,
[Ailsa Craig consists of a single rock of grayish compact
felspar, with small grains of quartz, and very minute par-
ticles of hornblende, The height is stated to be 1100
feet, its length 3300, and its breadth 2200, On the east
it rises by steps, but from the south, round by the west
to the nortl . if, is more perpendicular, and divided into
columns, II rises abruptly from Jeep wntor, about 10
nines wett of the const of Ayi'shire, and 15 miles south of
the Isle of Amui.-D, T, A.]
27 Kat, J,, HaykiU, OcAiVfr««— Manufacturer.
Curling stone, made of greenstone trap.
28 Majendie, Ashhubst — Producer,
White topaz fk'om Van Diemen's Lutd. Rough and
cut.
28 a
Watkins, Rev. C, F,, Vicar of Biizworth,
Northamptonfkire — \. roducer,
Silicious fossils from the chalk beda of South Wilta in
quartz agates, calcedonv, ftc,
A collection of chalk flints chiefly formed in soma
organic nucleus.
[The very beautiful series of specimens here exhibited
admirably illustrates a variety of forms of organic bodies,
which have been perpetuated by chalk flints, and which
can have been only retained by a very rapid conversion
of the original into silex. The bodies were in most cases
either soft or readily decomposed, but are novr sur-
rounded by, as well as converted into, flint, the structure
of which, under the microscope, often betrays the most
minute details of the animal substance. Collections such
as that here exhibited are of great value to the naturalist,
and are calculated to be of general use for purposes of
instruction in an important department of geology. —
D, T, A,]
29 Howard, Thobias, C.E,, Atstot— Producer.
Collection of the sands, clays, building stones, marbles,
coals, metals, and other minerals, belonging to the Bristol
basin; a district bounded on the north by Thombury and
Tortworth, on the east by Chipping Sodbury, Bath, and
AVells, on the south by the Mendip Hills, and on the west
by the Bristol Channel; including a geological range from
the Silurian rocks up to the Oolites, with some alluvial
and diluvial deposits.
Geological map of England, showing the extent and
position of the Bristol basin, relatively to the rest of the
country.
Part of the Ordnance Survey of Great Britain, coloured
geologically, showing the details of the Bristol district.
Sections from north to south, and from west to east.
List of specimens of building stones, marbles, &o,, in
six-inch cubes : —
Oolite.
Upper oolites, from the neighbourhood of Bath.
Ii^erior oolite, from Duudry Hill, near Bristol.
Lias.
Blue lias (hydraulic lime when burnt), from Keyuahun^
near Bristol,
White lias, from Radstock and Poulton, Somerset.
" Landscape " ^'^s, from Cotham, Bristol.
New Red Sandstone and Calcareo-Magnesian Conglomerates,
New red sandstone, found at Bristol,
Coarbti sandstone, from E^ton, Bristol,
Indurated red sandy marl, from Chew Magna, Somerset.
Fine-grained yellow conglomerate, found near Harley .
Place, Clifton,
Fine-grained crystalline calcareous conglomerate, found
near Durdham Down,
Indurated red sandstone with calc spar.
Re-cemented magnesian conglomerate, from Clevedon,
Somerset,
Conglomerate with quartz, limestone, &c., from Sea
Mills, below Bristol,
Conglomerates from Clifton, Bristol; and from the
tunnel of the Bristol Waterworks, Horptree, Somerset,
Silicious conglomerate with jaspery iron-stone, from
Brandon Hill, Bristol.
Conglomerate, from the Mendip Hills,
Gypsum (sulphate of lime), from Windford, Somerset.
Coal Measures.
Pennant sandstones, from the middle part of tho cool
124
Clam 1,— MINING AND MINERAL PHODUCTS.
South Side — Abeab S. 1 to 8. 27.
[Uhitbd
f(
Fine «iUoioua grit (mOlstone grit, or minei's "farewell
rook"), from Bristol.
Carbomferout or Mmmtam Lmustone.
Series of limestones and marbles from the defile of the
river Avon, Clifton, Bristol.
Old Bed Sandstone, Silurian, ^c.
Old red sandstone, from the L-anks of the Avon, below
Bristol.
Orey sandstone, tma Tortworth, Qloucestershire.
Red silicious conglomerate, fix)m Markham Bottom,
near Bristol.
Transition limestone and sandstone, fh>m Tortworth
■ud Chaifleld^ Olouceatershire.
[The neighbourhood of Bristol is remarkable for the
great variety of mineral produce which it yields, and the
extended series of rocks observable within a moderate
distance.
It presents in the oolites, a series of building stones
universally known throughout England; in the lias, a
number of useful materials used for lime, cement, and
other purposes ; in the new red sandstone, mineral soils rich
in agricultural produce; in the coal measures, a veiy large
store of mineral fuel ; and in the carboniferous limestone,
admirable and beautiful building material, adapted for
almost every variety of circumstance. The Mendip Hills
supply an important series of metalliferous ores; and, in
addition to these sources of interest, many illustrations
of the extinot natural history of our country are obtained
firom almost all the formations down to those of the
latest date.— D. T. A.]
Amygdaloidal trap rook, from Damory, Olouoester-
shire.
Samples of the biiok and pottery clays, with specimens
of Uie manufacture.
Samples of sands, used for commercial purposes, and
of the deposit from which the "Bath scouring brick" is
made. This brick is manufactured by Messrs. Ford it,
Son, Bridgewater.
Samples of ochre, reddle (oxide of iron), fullers'
earth, ftc.
Samples of strontian, massive and fibrous; gypsum,
massive and fibrous ; barytes (sulphate of); Ihne, white
and the brown, or hydraulic.
Iron ores — htematite, compact, silioious, stalaotitic,
reiiifoi-m, &c.
OrjBofzino: Blende (sulphuret) ; calamine (carbonate).
Ores of lead: Galena (sulphuret); white lead ore (car-
bonatti). Phosphate and muriate of lead.
Manganese ore (black).
Antimony ore (sulphuret).
Specimeua of quartz crystals (Rristal diamonds);
crystals of calc spar ; geodea (locally, potato-stones),
containing various crystals, agates, &c.
Series of the various seams of coal, worked in the
Bristol coal basin, showing the cleavage, fracture, &c.
Maps and sections illustrative of the position and loca-
lities of the specimens ore exhibited with them.
[This series of rocks, illustrating the economic geology
of the Bristol district, is of considerable interest, as
showing a large succession of beds, and the result, in
some measure, of their close association at the surface.
Of the substances used economically, the sands for Bath
bricks, ochres, quartz crystals, and geodes, are worthy of
notice. Of the ochres, the red and yellow are found in
considerable quantities and of very good quality. They
are friable, and stain the finger. The rod is of deep
coloiT, between crimson and pui-ple, and of strong body;
the yellow of fine gold colour. They are dry and mix
well. The Bristol diamonds are clear quarts crystals,
chiefly found near Caifton.— D. T. A.]
30 Fahik, James K., Tippmwy, Irtland—
Producer.
Copper ore, found on Lord Stanley's property, near
Tipperary, and from HoUyford.
Lead ore, found at Oola, near Tipperary.
Minerals from several parts of the coimtry.
Anthracite coal, from Killanaule.
Building limestone, found near Tipperanr.
Black and white mai'ble, found at Mitohelstown, county
Cork. Red and grey marble, found at Cloyne.
Hydraulic limestone, found near Tipperary; a natural
cement, produced in powder and biscuit.
Artificial cement, prepared from chalk, alluvium, and
pit day; and stueoo, for interior work; prepared from
gypum found in a limestone quarry near Tipperary.
White clay, in its rough state, found near Caher, and
prepared in biscuit and small bricks, used for stone ware
and pottery. Black clay, in its rough state, found at Kil-
lanaule. Black fullers' clay, found near Caher, in a
stratum over white clay.
Felspar, from Lord Kingston's cave, cotmty Cork.
Draining tiles and pipes, made on Lord Stanley's pro-
perty, near Tipperary.
Sands, white silica, found at Killonan, useful for heavy
iron castings and other purposes. White silica, found near
Caher, used for pottery, &c. Manganese, found at Spring-
house.
Inorganic vitreous matter, the produce of green ash and
elm, calcined in a brick-kiln by the exhibitor.
Water, from a well in the rock of Cashel, lately dis-
covered, about 1 50 feet above the general level of the
surrounding surface.
32
A collection of minerals from the Mendip Hills, Somer-
setshire.
33 Tallino, — , 7>'«ro — Producer.
Sundry minerals from Truro.
34
Minerals from Liskeard, Cornwall.
35 Ipswich Museum Committee, by the
Rev. J. Henslow, President— Producer.
Sundry minerals obtained from the neighbourhood of
Ipswich, and used in the arts, as manure, for cement,
and for some other purposes.
[These minerals from the neighbourhood of Ipswich
include the cement stores found at Harwich and dredged
off that coast ; the recently obtained nodules, containing
phosphate of lime, now rendered available for agricultiutil
purposes, and exiatiug abundantly near Felixtow; and
some other materials, all tending to illustrate the mineral
riches of the district. Similar collections for other loca-
lities would be of great interest in local museums, and
might be collected on a large scale at very small cost. —
D. T. A.]
3(5 Paine, John M., Famham — Producer.
Phosphoric fossils and marls from the upper greensand,
the gault, and the upper part of the lower greensand
formations. These fossils are stated to contain as high a
percentage of phosphate of lime as ordinary bones; and
they have been proved to be ubeful in fertilizing land.
They are easily converted into superphosphate of lime, by
the agency of sulphuric acid. The clean fossils contain
from 50 to 70 percent, of bone-earth phosphate ; the green
marl (without fosails) contains from 4 to 15 per cent.
The substances found are characterised bv the almost
total absence of carbonic acid, and are, therefore, the more
valuable as a material for forming 8ti])er])hoHphate of
lime. These phosphoric fossils are to be found in greater
or less quantities at the bottom of the chalk range of
Kingdom.]
CiABS 1.— MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS.
South Side — Areas S. 1 to S. 27.
126
hills throughout England. The fossils and marls are
ohiefly dug from the lands of the exhibitor at Faruham,
in Surrey.
Tiiuisverse section of pocket of hops of the choicest
"Qolding" variety, grown upon the phosphoric marl of
the "upper greeusand." Entire pocket of the same as
prepared for sale.
Specimens of phosphoric fossils from the mammalife-
rous crag of Suffolk; and of the "Mineral Phosphate of
Lime" or "Apatite," from Estremadura, in Spain, and
from New Jersey, in the United States.
[The concretions of phosphate of lime, which were
discovered by Mr. Paine in the cretaceous rocks near
Fnrnham, in a state well adapted for economic use, and
which are much employed for agricultural purposes,
appear to exist in two or thme bands in the upper green-
simd and gault, not extending into the true lower green-
sand. The concretions are occasionally formed about an
organic centre, and appear to be instances of segregations
of a mineral substance at one time generally distributed in
a bed while being deposited at the bottom of a sea. The
phosphoritio nodules are usually found in the Famham
district associated with green earth. — D. T. A.]
37 Lasce, Edward Jarman, Frimlcy, Bagshot,
Surrey — Producer,
Specimens of minerals, in their raw state, as used in
the arts (as iron from the Wealden formation, and the
coal measures, &c.), arranged in trays, and named.
S^cimens of minerals, used as manures, as phosphate
of lime and magnesia; sulphate of lime and alumina ;
Cornwall sand, shell marl, &,c.
Specimens of cultivated soils or eorths, arranged as
they occur from London to Cornwall, being the abrasions
of minerals.
Specimens of com produce; the effect of the admix-
ture of fertilizing minerals and culture on silicious sand,
in illustration of the preceding collection.
Qeological map of the British Isles.
38 OiLL, William Eathorne, Truro — Inventor.
Specimen of Normal guano, a manure ; prepared from
the refuse of the fisheries, as a superior fertilizer.
This manure is obtained from precisely the same
source as the Peruvian guano; the sample exhibited was
a conger-eel. It is chemically prepared with all its agri-
cultural advantages undiminished. Fish refuse has ever
been a well-i-ecognised nunure, especially along our
coasts; but the demand has, for obvious reasons, been
irregular, and the supply, as a consequence, still more so,
Uy adopting, in our fisheries, the process of manufacture
shown in the specimen, a regular market at all seasons
of the year would be established, and the normal guano
would thud become a means of supplying our farmers
with a portable, cheap, and valuable manure.
[The large quantities of fiah, particularly pilchai'iJs,
mackerel, and hake, which are caught around the coast
of Cornwall, render the preparation of a manure from
the refuse, on most occasions, a comparatively easy under-
taking. The value of fish nmnui-e has been long known,
and it is not at all uncommon for farmers to go to con-
siderable expense to obtain the offal from the nearest
fishing towns ; and they value highly the refuse salt,
which they obtain after the pilchard season, from the
curing-houses, on account of the gi-eat quantity of p: it-
oil it contains, — R, H,]
35)
Clay and chalk.
40
SwEETMAN, John, Sutton, County of Dublin —
Proprietor,
Blue limestone, containing about 90 per cent, of car-
bonate of limo. Dolomite, cimtaiuing about 40 per cent.
of carbonate of magnesia. Cement made with dolomite.
Quartz rock for road metal. Steatite clay, for pottery cr
silicated soap. Silicated soap. Hajmatite iron ore.
Black oxide of manganese, containing about 55 per cent,
of oxygen. Umber. Yellow and brown ochre. White
sand, for manufacture of glass.
[Dolomite occurs in vwious places in Ireland, in veins
in the limestone districts, particularly where intruded
rocks are near. On the south side of Belfast Lough, at
Holywood, it appears also as a distinct rock in a stratum
about 60 feet thick. The best kinds contain from 18 to
about 22 per cent, of magnesia. — D. T. A.]
41 Teschejiacheb, E. F., 4 Park 'Terrace, Highbury —
Producer.
Collection of mineral and other manures.
42
Harris, J., 2 Hart Street, Mark Lane — Inventor
and Manufacturer.
Faocal manure, deodorised, containing the fertilizing
properties essential to vegetation, and suitable for every
description of soil and climate.
43
Silt, sand, turf, &o,, from the Isle of Ely.
44 Eamsay, Q, H,, Newcastle (Agent, A. HtmsT,
65 uVark Lano).
Artificial manure, bone dust, and superphosphate of
lime.
45 Mitchell, W, B,, iS/ic^VW— Producer.
Sandstones, for purposes of construction., and grind-
stones.
1. Millstone grit — Bull Hill Quarry. ''.. Millstone grit
— Reeves' Edge Quarry. 3. Blue sandstone — Green Moor
Quarry. 4. Brown sandstone — Green Moor Quarry.
5, Blue sandstone — Brinkcliffe Edge Quarry, 6, Brown
sandstone — Grenoside Quarry, 7, Brown sandstone —
Wickeraley Quarry. 8, Magnesian limestone — Steetley
Quarry.
Clay.
9, Fire clay and brick— Dore Moor Mine. 10, Fire
clay, for crucibles — Storr's Mine. 11. Balbro brick clay;
pressed brick.
Coals.
12. From Soap House Colliery— Sheffield Bed. 13.
From Birley W? Colliery— Sheffield Bed, 14, From
Mortomley Colliei,' — Sheffield Bed, 15, ITir..(lsworth
converting coal, 3 3- Tinsley Park high hazel coal. 17.
Tinslev Park furxi^n t .oal.
40 ^ES'-HTT, .1. C. Ii'"n.:ngtoti-
Phosphate ♦'o^s'.'i . fo manure.
-Producer.
47
Cawlet, caMES, Penclll, Bletchingley — Producer
I ud Mami' .ft'irer.
Stone f, vi:\ the siu-face of fulle- s earth, used for build-
ing purpofes.
Fuller "s earth in the raw state, blue and yellow.
Fuller's earth, blue and yellow, dried :'.nd prepared for
use in the manufacture of woollen cloths, flannels, blan-
kets, Scotch tweeds, and toi-tan shaw Is.
Specinjcn of the spar found in the strata of the fuller's
earth.
All the above specimens were fouud and dug at the
"Cocklcy pits" at Nutfield, Suirey.
[The fuller's earth pits cf Nutfield, near Reigate, are
extensively worked, and supply lur 'e quantities of this
substance to the clothing diotricts. There are two kinds,
one greener than tlie other, owLig to the presence of
silicate of iron; but both exist unuc^' the same geological
conditions, occurring in the lower cretaceous series, and
differiug little in chemical condition.
Fuller's ciU'th consists of about 45 silica, 20 alumina,
and 25 water. When placed in water it almost dlKsolves,
[>■]
[Official Illustrated Cataioolk.]
126
Class 1. -MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS.
SocTir Side— AnEAs S. 1 to 8. 27.
[United
and when exposed to gi-ent heat it melts. It combines
reiulily with grease, forming a kind of earthy soap, and
for this reason is valuable in the manufacture of cloth
made of animal fibre. — D. T. A.]
48 Gawkbooer & HvNAM, 7 Princes Square,
Finsbury — M'uiufacturero.
Fuller's earth, and purified dried fuller's earth, from
Chart Lodge, Keigate, Surrey, and Cormonger's Pits,
Nutfield, Surrey.
[Fuller's earth, and its localities in England, are above
described. The following is the mode of purifying and
prepiiring the raw material for use ; —
The fuller's earth, after it comes from the pit, is baked
or dried by exposure to the sun, and then thrown into
cold water, where it falls into a powder, and the finer
parts art) <ieparated from the coarser by a method of wash-
ing in several tubs, through which the water is conducted,
and where it deposits the different kinds in succession.
These are used for different kinds of cloth, the coarser
pai-t for ihe inferior and the fine for the better kinds of
cloth. The soapy combinations formed by fuller's earth
with the greasy portions of cloth during the process of
fulling, ai-e supposed to serve the purpose of mordants in
some measure. — D. T. A.]
49
Wilson, Sir Thomas Maryon, Charlton, Kent —
Producer.
Sands and loams for casting, from Charlton, next Wool-
wich; sands used for glass and house purposes from
Hampstead.
50 Rock, James, jun., J/ast:iujs — Producer.
Lignite found in the summit tunnel of the Hastings »nd
Ashford niilway, 1^ miles to the N.N.K. of Hastings,
about 90 feet ft-om the surface, and ;tOO feet above the sea
level. The strata dip from N.W. to S.E. at an angle
of about Go degrees.
Clinker, containing a considerable quautitj' of iron,
from an ancient cinder-bank on the property of Hoixjules
Sharpe, Esq., Sedlescomb, Sussex.
CLaystone, said to contain oxide of chromium.
Fine white sand, from Hastings cliffs.
[The lignite of the Ha.stiugs sand fonnatiou, uoiu-
Hastings, has been long known, and con-esponds in every
particular with the lignites from Tilgate Forest. It
occura in nearly horizontal bands, thinning out into a
mere film, and the largest miunaes do not exceed a few
inches in thickness. It is veiy brittle, and bums with a
bright flame; resembles jet, and contains included ft-og-
ments of ligneous chai-acter. It is not unlike the Bovey
coal.
Ironstone was formerly extnvctod from some of the
feiTiiginoiis ,ands of the Wealden, either in irregular
'•oncrotions, hard, compact, and of stcol-groy colour
inside, or laminated, and often concentric, In some places
it is nf exccLont quality, and when the country wius
covered with forest was much used in the manufactui-e of
charcoal iron. — D. T. A.]
51 Ross, Thomas, Ctareniont, Ifastii^js — Producer.
Iron ore from the neighbourhood of Hastings.
Tilgate stone from the Eiwt Cliff, Hastings.
Haatingrf "gi-anite" (locally so called).
Clay, from a large bod lying under the sand-cliffs to
the ciifltwai'd of Hastings.
Hastings hone-stone, rough and prepared.
[The clay near Hiiatings underlies a thick deposit of
wuite H.ind and friable sandstone, ealloil the ' ' Worth bods."
The clay itself contiiiim undulating scams of lignite. It
overlies another bed also including lignite.— D. T. A.J
52
Specimen of fossil orthoceratite.
63
Whittaker, James, WirAsaor^h, Derbyshire —
Proprietor.
Specimens of marble, and vase mode of the same.
Specimens of grit sand, used for fine Cistings.
White sand, used for scouring, &c.
White lead ore, and stalactite.
54
Bkodie, Peter B., F.Q.S., Botm Hatherky,
Qlouccstor — Producer.
1. Limestone, fi-om the Purbeck strata in the Vale of
Wiudour, Wiltshire, applicable to purposes of lithography,
2. Ironstone, from the top beds of the lower lias, Rob-
instvood Hill, near Glonc'>3ter, Hewlett's Hill, near Chel-
tenham, and Chipping Campden, Qloucestorehire ; it
ocelli's in beds, and occupies a considerable area in the
Cotswold hills.
.1. Septaria, found in the upper beds of the lower lias,
Robinswood Hill, iiear Gloucester, in sufiicient quantities
to be tued for cement.
4. Iron pyrites, or sulphuret of iron, found in digging
a well in the lias at Gloucester.
."i. Limestone, forming an extensive bed in the lower
liiiB near its base, and extending through Gloucestershire
and Somersetshire.
0. Hard limestone of th^ lower lias, near Bidford, in
Warwickshire. This stone takes a polish, and could be
used as a marble.
7. Bone bed, a thin but exvensive band at the base of
the lower lias, charged with fragments of bones, teeth,
and coprolites, which might be beneficial as a manure.
It occui's at Wainlode Cliff, Coorabe Hill, near Gloucester,
Westbury-ou-Sevem, Somersetshire, and Wales.
[All the obove specimens, except the fii-st, are from
the lias, a deposit of calcareous clay widely distributed in
the west of England, and .nnging from the coast of Dor-
setHliiro, at Lyme Regis, to the coast of Yorkshire, at
Whitby. The upper and lower beds are often shaly, and
jicld materials for the manufacture of alum and other
substimces. The middle portion is more calcareous, and
includes some bonds of compact limestone. Where the
carbonate of lime forms into nodules somewhat argilla-
ceous, there are found septaria well adapted to the making
of cement. In many places, the iron disseminated
through the clay has collected into bands of impure iron-
stone, which, however, is not likely to come into successful
competition with other ores. The bone-bed may, if tlio
expenses of transport be inconsiderable, bo worth working
n.sacheap and effective mineral manure. — D. T. A.]
65 RiDDELL, Sir James Miles, Bart., Strontian —
Proprietor.
Various Hpecimens of minerals.
Hariiiotoiue, in lui-ge crystals, on calciu'cous spai*.
Morvciiite, a viirioty of hai'motome, on cuiciu'cous sp.ir,
amber culour.
C'rystallizoil calcareous spar, with onnular iron pyrites,
enclosing radiated sulphate of barytes.
Brown calcareous spoi'.
Crystallized calcareous spar, of a pink colour.
Calctu'ce.uH spar, on hexaheditd tables enclosing icosi-
tetral cry8t„is.
Hexahedral prismatic calcareous spur, penetrated with
crystals of the same, of a different fcrn\ the obtuse solid
angle of which pai-tly protrudes from the terminal plane
of the prism.
Brewsterite, discovered near Strontian.
Crystallized carbonate of strontian.
Miuwivu fibroiLt carbonate of strontian, with heavy spar.
Sulphate of Itiu'ytes with phoHpIiato of lead.
Suliihurut of iron.
(iiiclrts. Gneiss piujsiug into granite. Gneiss with rod
fcl;<par.
Kingdom.]
Class 1.— MINING AND MINEEAL PKODUCTS.
RoDTH Side — Aueas S. 1 to S. 27.
127
Junction of gueisB with grauite, intersected by a vein
of fulspar.
Fino-gmined granites. Syenites,
Porphyiitio granite.
Syenite, with a vein of felspar.
Kock, of carbonate of lime and serpentine.
Oranite studded with gai'nets, from the summit of Ben
Resipole, a moimtain above 3,000 feet '.n height.
A very large specimen of the same.
Quoi t7, rock.
Sulphuret of lead, in a matrix of calcareous spar, from
the Smithy Vein (Feodonald district),
Sulphuret of lead with calcareous spar, a continuous
string of lead ore, from the red vein of Fcedonald.
Crystallized sulphuret of lead (the primary cube), from
the same vein.
Sulphuret of lead, with sulphuret of zinc and crystal-
lized calcareous spar iu the cavities.
Sulphuret of zinc and cpJcareous spar, from Corantee.
Cubic sulphurijt of lead v/ith calcareous spur.
' Sulphuret of lead in calcareous spar, from Clashgoram
mine (middle district).
Sulphuret of lead ; sulphuret of lead, embedded in
calcareous spar; and sulphviret of lead, partly ci'ybtallized
with calcareous spar — from Belsgrove Mine.
Junction of grauite and mica slate.
Lias limestone ; from the north tsido of the promontory
of Ardnamurchan.
Lias limestone, from the south side of the promontory.
A large mass of sulphate of barytes, n substance consti-
tuting much of the matri:c or veinstone of lead ore.
[At Stroutian, in the western part of Argyllshire, a boss
of granite is seen penetrating the gneiss, which abounds in
the district; and a little further to the west, a large
quantity of porphyry and trap occurs, covei-eJ, in two or
three places near Ardnamurchan, by deposits of the oolitic
and liossic period. In the gi'iuiito, and near its junction
with the gneiss, mineral veins are found, containing lead
and copper; and in one of these Wivs firat obsen'ed the
mineral thonce called strontianitc, or stmiititcs, a carbonate
of strontia, usually associated with calc-spar, sulphate
of barytes, and galena. The metal called nfroittitin, obtained
from this mmeral, was firet described by Sir H. Davy, and
resembles barium in its properties and appeanmce. Car-
bonate of stroutia is chiefly used in the production of
the nitrate which is employed in giving a red colour to
fireworks.
Harraotome and morvenite arc hydrous silicates of
alumina and barytes. Brewsteiito is also a hydrous sili-
cate of alumina, but contains strontia as well as barytes.
The other minerals are well kno^v^l. The liaf is one of
several small patcho i i ■ und the trap rooks of Ardnamur-
chan, Morven, and tuo isle of Mull, and contains numerous
organic renwins. — D. T. A.]
5(> Dann, TnoMAs, /.Vi/n/i^— Producer.
Oreystone lime, from the linio-works, at lieigate Hill,
on the estate of the Countess of Warwick.
57 WoBXraNGTON, William, Northwich, Cheshire —
Proprietor.
Specimens of rock salt, as produced from the mines
near Norths ich, Cheshire.
Specimen of refined salt, for curing fish.
Fine high-dried table salt.
Malvern salt, much esteemed for table use.
Large-grained bay salt, used for various purposes.
[The salt-minos of Cheshire are worked iu the row red
sandstone of that county, the salt being iu large masses
of irreguloi- form associated with marl and gypsum.
In its naturiil state it is of dull red colour, senii-trans-
parent, and though sometimes ciibical in crystal, more
usually masbivo. The number of saliferous beds iu the
district is five, the thinnest of them being 6 inches, but
the thickest nearly 40 feet thick, and they are worked at a
depth of from 50 to 1.50 yards below the surface.
The mode of working the thick bed is not much
unlike that adopted in South Staffordshire for coal; but
the roof being generally uniform and tolerably tough,
and the mine without noxious gases, the works are mora
simple. The salt is blasted, and large pillars ai'e left to
support the roof. Upwai'ds of 60,000 tons of salt are ob-
tained from the Cheshire mines, and a large quantity is
also manufactured from brine-springs and other similar
sources, in Cheshire and Worcestershire. The greater
part is exported from Liverpool. — D. T. A,]
58 Hiix, John, Singsend, DtMiii — Manufacturer.
Basket and pink srAt for table use; Irish fine, or butter
salt, and coarse or provision salt.
[There are no natural deposits of salt in Ireland, and
the various kinds exhibi,;ed by and pr-£<ared in that
country are generally procured fiom the English salt
mines,— D. T. A.l
59 Bbassington, Derbyshire-
Wad imd white-lead ore.
-Producer.
60
RoAKF., James White, Newbury, Berhhiro —
Producer.
Specimens of soils which surround Newbury, Berks,
and the uses to which they are applied,
Nos, 1 to 4. Various clays. 5, White, 6. Red, 7. Yellow
ochre, 8. Fine white sand, 9. Coarse sand, 10. Ferruginous
sand. 1 l.Ochreous sand, used by iron foundeifl. 12, Green
sund, with oysters embedded, 1.3, Gravel, rough and peb-
bly. 14. Calcined pebbles, reduced to coarse and medium
grit, 15, Fine pebbles, with stucco made from it, to
compare with a coloured fragment and tessera from
Herculaneum. 16. Chalk from Kintbury, with sheila
peculiar to that deposit. 17, Whiting. 18, Limestone.
19, Stone lime. '20. Chalk Lme, through which gas has
passed, 21, Peat from the Kennet valley, 22. Peat,
condensed by Cobbold's patent process, 23. Peat, pul-
verised for horticultiu-al uses, and disinfecting pm-poses.
24, Peat aahes, for the agriculturist,
Samplei* of bricks, tiles, and pottery.
[Newlniry is situated on the lower tertiary beds imme-
diately overlying the chalk, which crops out at a short
distauce from London to the north, south, and west.
Tho river Keimet crosses the chalk from the west, i"uns
through the town towards the east, and enters the Thames
near Heading, The tertiary deposits here include a mo-
tlerato thickuesp of the London clay overlying tho mottled
clays and sands of the lower or plastic clay uories, in-
cluding a iiebble bed, mottled red clays and sauds, and
the whole covered up with a little gravel. — D, T, A.]
Gl CowPEB, John, Alston, Cumherland — Proprietor
and Producer,
Crystal of tulphate of barytes ; the largest on record,
weighing 112 lbs.
Specimens of witherito, or cai'bonate of baiytcs, re-
markable for their beauty and crj-stallization; taken from
a lead and ciu'bonato of bai-ytes mine at Fallowfield, near
Hexham, Northumberland, where it is raised iu the
lump, in great abundance. It is extensively used in the
manufacture of glass, chemicals, porcelain, &c. This
extensive mine, now tho property of Walton and Cow-
l»ers, was thrown away as of no value, until lat«ly, wiien
the present proprietors bought the mines, and introduced
tho article, a& a mining product, into the market.
Sulphate of barytes, found in witherito,
B.omlite (baryto calcito) on bitter.<par and psoudo-
morplioiis quartz ; from Urownley Hill, Barytes and
galena, from Fallowfield, Coal, galena, shale, &c.
Carbonate of lime, from Alston,
L 2
126
Class 1.— MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS.
South Sidk— Areas S. 1 to S. 27.
[United
62 DrEB, William Bont, J/bW— Proprie'or.
White lead ore, carbonate of lead ore, from Jam' ica
mine. Assay, 60 per cent, for load, and four ouucr i of
silver per t -n of '^^U.
Bliip loud (galena) and sulphuret of lead oref> tVom
Jauiuioa mine, rroduce 80 per cent. lead an i four
ounces silver per ton of lead. It is used by po' cers for
the purpose of smoothing earthenware glaze.
63 Caibns, J., jun.
96 Charlotte Street, Manr, tester —
Producer.
Carbonate of barytes, with specimens ofe A ore, from
Anglezark Moors, near Chorley, Lancashii '.
64 Brookman ft Lanodon, 28 Great Ilimell Street —
Proprietors,
Specimens of black lead from Cumberland, in the raw
state, and as hardened for use. Specimens of other
minerals.
[The Cumberland graphite is obtained from a large and
veiy irregular vein cutting through the green slate ond
porphyry; and the mineral occurs in large lumps, found
here and there expanding and thinning out with no appa-
rent order. About 50 ;. <,mi» aj,'o, ouo of the largest masses
ever discovered was fcuudeiilj met with, and yielded
about 70,000 lbs. of t( purer kind of black lead. Sinoe
then there has been ^ iig found of any vali-.'s. The
mines are ne«v thi; i.tti of Borrowdale, the entrnuce
being about 1 ,000 feet abo: > the sea, and as much bf.low
the summit cf fcho iiount'i'n. — D. T. A.]
29-
65 Bbockebox, ^"
— I'afvitV.-
Native plumbago :-Su,"
dole in Cumberland, tin'- '
Straits, Spain, Bohemia
ci'ona/iire Street, Queen Square
■ id Manufacturer.
■it-.K' J from the mines of Borrow-
.'.i crude; from Ceylon, Davis'
^called Mexican), Qreenland,
California, France (Poligny) : nodules from India, &c.
Samples of Cumberland black load, prepared for con-
densing into blocks by patent process.
Specimens in powder, purified from grit, and in fine
powder, ready for condensing, which has passed through
apertures j„Hno th of an inch in diameter.
Blcks which have been condensed by i pressure of
5,000 tons.
Slices of the blocks for pennil-makers ; points for
Mordan's ever-pointed pencils; cedar pencils, by various
makers, of Brockedon's patent Cumberland lead.
Blocks mode of Ceylon and other plumbagos, &c.
The plumbagos exhibited in their natural state, are —
Three very fine samples of the old black-lead, formerly
found in Cumberland. The only native plumbago which
could be cut into slices, r.nd used in its natural state; the
miners have long failed to supply such specimens. Two
samples of Cumberland lead, containing too much grit to
be used without purification. Samples ot pluuibago from
Ceylon, crystalline and fibrous: this is the purest plum-
bago known, being 98' 55 pure carbon; but it is too
fragile for use in cedar. Two sample'^ from Davis's
Straits and Oreculand. One from California. Others
from Spain and Bohemia (called Mexican), of these two
the common pencils are made, when hardened by sul-
phur. From none of these can a fine jjencil be m>ule, but
the Cumberland.
The manufactured blocks are from the second variety
of the Cumberland, freed from grit, and reduced to nn
impalpable powder, of which a quantity is shown to
form one of the blocks. From this powder the nil- is
exhausted, when it is condensed in a dry ntatu by au
enormous press ., which consolidates a mass weighing
seven ounces under a force, in two blows, with ii force of
5,000 tons, leaving it as couijiact as tlie naiural ; and frum
these blocks slices are cut, as shown: these are inserted in
chamuds in tlie cediir. It is also cut into tho loiigtlis of
the block as square tliren<lR; these air niunilod, then cut
to the proper lengths for the «%'or -pointed priicilrt.
For the process by which tho Cumboi'Iaiid load can
be freed from g^t, and then solidified, the exhibitor
obtained a patent, and pencil manufacturers use it only
for their finest drawing pencils.
[Qraphite or Plumbago, a form of carbon commonly
called btack-leixd, and sometimes, but incorrectly, regarded
as a carburet of iron, is a well-known soft mineral, crys-
tallized in small hexf^onal plates of laminated structure,
infusible, burning with great difficulty under the blowpipe ;
consisting of from 85 to 98*55 per cent, of carbon, and
having a specific g^vity of 2*09 to 2' 25; the purest being
th<. lightest. It is found in metamorphic, generally in
schistose, rocks, of various geological age, in masses or
veins parallel to the lamination or stratification. The pure
and valuable kinds are very rare, and have been ob-
tained almost exclusively from the localities mentioned
above. The variety from Ceylon is remarkably pure but
soft ; that from Qreenland is also pure, but /ery hard.
The latter, according to an analysis recently made by
T. H. Henry, Esq., yields carbon 96'6, ash 3*4; but does
not seem adapted for extensive use in pencil-making,
owing to its hardness and paleness. It appears that the
presence of a certain quantity of iron is favourable for its
use in the arts.
The method by which Mr. Brockedon has rendered
several of the softer and less compact fruphites available,
and has also brought into use the frtiguienls formerly too
small for pencils, has been succesaftdly applied to other
materials for various useful purposes. — D. T. A.]
(?6 Keeves & So.ss, 113 CAeapsirfe — Inventors
and Manufacturers,
Cumberland let 1 .and cedar wood, in thf dlffurent formn
in which they ai ■ used in the manufooiuro of drawing
pencils,
67 Adatb, B., Mnryport — Manufacturer.
Various materials used in black-lead pencil making ;
\rfth specimens of pencil manufacture, in its difiierent
itages.
'The ce«'' r used is imported into London and Liverpool
chiefly from South America. The foreign plumbago, of
which common pencils are manufactured, is imported
from Germany, the East Indies, Spain, and Mexico.
The Cumberland black-lnnd is found only in Borrowdale,
and is used only for the best pencils.
68 Wolff & Son, Church Street, Spitalfields—
Manufacturers.
A specimen of pure Cumberland lef.d, without grit, as
produced from the mines at Borrowdale. Block of the
same compressed . Specimens of prepared and compressed
Cumberland lead.
[The Cumberland mines having failed to produce a
continual supply of the pure plumbago, or black lead,
for the use "f artists, &c., the exhibitors are enabled, by
their process of cleansing and compressing the cni'le or
ty le' ', to produce solid blocks of pure plumbago
I d to tue finest quality originally supplied from the
'•..,nes.]
■necimen of Ceylon biuck lead. East India, as pro-
...oed from the nime. Block of Ceylou lead, prepared
and compressed.
Specimen of Malaga black lead (Spain), as produced
fron; the mines. Block of Malaga load, prepared and
compiessed.
[Plumljago, or graphite, improperly callt?«{ black lead,
is a carburet of iron : the best quality of this is used for
artistic purposeif ; the inferii>r is employed in the manu-
facture of orurililea, m- chemical furnaces, as it stands n
liigh toiupcnituro. It w wlultcratcd with lamp black,
sometiinos to the amount of fiO jKjr cent., when sold for
donuMtie purposes.— K, II. J
KlNQDOM.]
C1.A8B 1.— MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS.
South Side— Areas 8. 1 to 8. 27.
120
ack lead,
iisert for
lie manu-
ntaiida a
iji black,
...Id for
69 Banks, Sok, & Co., Oreta Pencil Works, Keswick —
Manufaoturera.
Specimens of pure Cumberland lead, and oomposition
uieil in the manufacture of black-lead pencils. Specimens
of the variotu stages of manufacture from the raw ma-
terials to the complete pencil. Specimens of pencils in
various styles of finish.
70 RoQEBS, Samuel Sandilanss, Duuglas, Isle of Man —
Producer.
Specimens of the earths and sands of the Isle of Man.
71 Tennants, Clow, & Co., Manchester — ManufacturerB.
Large groups of crystals of sulphate of copper.
72
Thobipson, J., Northvoich — Producer.
Crystalline block of rock salt, quarried out of one of
the exhibitor's mines, near Noi-thwich. In the neigh-
bourhood of Northwich are to be found the only mines
of rock salt in England, numberiiig altogether about
twenty distinct quarries. Rock salt has been an article
of trade in this neighbourhood sinne the year 1670 ; it
was then Ci^rried on the backs of horses to the nearest
point of embarkation. Now the exports to foreign
coimtries alone, are about 70,000 tons. The total con-
sumption being about 100,000 tons. The rock salt is
found from 45 to 50 yards below the siu-foce, the inter-
vening layers being composed of soil, gravel, quicksand,
clay, marl, gypsum, &c. The first bed of rock salt is
about 25 yards in thickness, but inferior in quality ; un-
derneath this, is a bed or stratum of stone or indurated
clay, blue and brown, about 10 yards in thickness ; below
this is the second great formation, which is also about
'Zb yards in thickness ; the lower five yards of which is
the only portion excavated, the greater mass being very
impure. That within five yards, however, contains but
few impuritieu, and is readily dissolved into brine, from
which is manufactiu-ed tho purest and best of salt.
The above specimen is not selected ns a rare and pure
block, but as a fair representation of the bulk of what is
obtained from the mine.
73 Claxton, J. — Producer.
Sands from Alum Bay, Isle of Wight.
74 Squire, John & William, Yarmonih, Isle of
WiijM, ffainpMre — Producers.
Specimen of pure white sand, used in the manufacture of
best flint gless, taken from horizontal and vertical beds
in the clifis in Alum Bay, near the Needles, on the estate
of William George Ward, Esq. It is exported from Tam-
worth, and is extensively used by glosa-makei's, fur its
silicious properties.
[The geological position of these beds of sand is at the
base of the tertiary series, as exhibited in the British
Islands, corresponding with the white and other sands at
Woolwich, aud the lignites and plastic clays of Paris.
The thickness of this part of the seriea at Alum Bay is
very reiuarkal)1e ; and the saud3 being nearly free from
iron and alkaline earths, are well adapted for glass-
making.— D. T. A.]
75 Oollinson, Chables, J/r(ti.«/ic/(?— Proprietor.
Red canting sand, found only at Mansfield, and of
value in tho production of fine castings. Its qualities
are fineness of grain, porosity, great purity and sinootli-
noss, which latter property contributes to give a hit;h
face to castings.
76 Relt, S., Iteiijtitc, S«/-my— Producer.
White sand, fHmi the Tunnel Caves at Reigate (called
in use "silver Sivutl"^, dug from the rook.
77 MoiiRiBON, Oeoroe, Agent of Earl Suuers,
Jieii/iite — I'roduoer.
Sand from the common, named Reigate Heath, valued
for its grit, and used in the manufacture of glass.
[These sands are from certain beds of the lower greensand
series much developed in Surrey, and frequently exhibiting
extensive tracts of sand, often witho it admixture of any
argillaceous or calcareous matter. — D. T^ A.]
78 Long, J., C.E., Limerick — Producer.
Building and ornamental stones from Limerick, &c.
Sands and earths from the river Shannon.
Nos. 1 to 18. — Marbles of various colours, obtained from
the top beds of unworked quarries. The lower beds
contain specimens of a better quality, and free from the
blemishes which these exhibit. Worked in the countieH
of Limerick, Clare, King's County, Longford, and Oalway.
Noa. 19 to 28. — Building-stone, of various qualities of
limestone and grit, from quarries at Limerick, and at
vai'ious points along the Shannon. No. 23 yields the
hydraulic lime, now used in building the new docks at
Limerick. No. 59 i^i a stone adapted for inside staircases,
and not readily soiled. These stones are suitable either
for mai-ble or building stone.
No. 29. — Iron-stone; No. 30, iron nodule; and No. 31
bituminous coal, from county Leitrim. No. 32, anthra-
cite coal. The iron ore and coal, Nos. 33, 34, 35, are
found in the same district on the verge of the Shannon,
near its source, whence a steam navigation extends to
Limerick. Limestone, suitable for flux in smelting, aa
well as moulding sand, fire-clay, fire-stone, <Scc., are found
in the same locality. The iron-stone is productive, nearly
equalling the black bond ore of Qlasgow, and exceeding
the Staffordshire and Welsh ores; the richest giving 61
per cent, of iron. The coal (No. 35) produces J parts of
good coke, and is useful for illuminating purposes. An-
thracite coal (No. ">6) is found in Tipperary, Limerick,
Kerry, and Clare, where extensive coal fields exist; but
owing to the abundance of peat fuel in the district, they
remain unworked, oxcept for local purposes, such aa
biu'ning lime, drying corn, &c.
Nos. 37, 38. — Turf, heavy and light, found in abund-
ance, and chiefly used <br domestic purposes.
No. 39. — Gypsum, obtttined on the shores of Lough
Allen, at the head of the Shannon, near the coal and iron
mines, cotmty Leitrim.
No. 40. — Fire-clay. This clay is found of excellent
quality, and equal to the Stourbridge* clay, formerly im-
ported into Limerick.
Nob. 41, 42. — Moulding sand; the same, prepared for
use. These sands are used in the Limerick foundries.
Nos. 43, 44. — Building sands; dredged out of the bed
of the river at Limerick, and requiring no screening or
washing previous to use.
No. 45, — Plaster sand; dug in pits near Limerick.
No. 46. — Lime; produced from the building stones of
the locality, which are found in abundance throughout
the whole length of the river.
[The coal worked near Limerick is from a number of
small basins or troughs, ranges of hills running east and
west, and the strata dipping on either side often at liigh
angles. The coal is all anthmcitic, and there appear to
be six distinct seams, three of them however yielding
the principal supply. The iron-stone of Ireland is gene-
rally rich, some of it especially, averaging as much as 40
per cent, of iron in the natural state. Tlie fire-clays from
beds alternating with the coal, and others in tho counties
of Clare and Tipperary, afford admirable material for
crucibles, and replace .Stourbridge clay for vaiious pur-
poses.—D. T. A.]
No. 47. — Flags. Flags of this kind of lai'ge dimensions
are obtsiined in the county Clare. K.\ported from
Limerick.
No. 48. — Copper ore, from the Hollyford mines, county
Tipperajy.
im
Ci,A88 1.— MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS.
South Sidk — Abrah H. 1 to 8. 27.
[United
Lead ore, from Ballyhickoy niiiioa, formerly worked,
but not now in niwratiou. Within four niifoH of the
BhippinR port of CUare. Average, by nasay, 77 per cent,
for loiui, and 1 5 ounces for silver in the ton of lead.
Shell marl; dredged in abundance out of tlio Shannon;
it forma the Hubsoil of the lowlands skirting the rivur.
Silica. This silica is suitable for pottery purposes.
[Shell-marl, such as alluded to in the above list, is
usually the romiuns of the deposits formed by the ancient
pleistocene sea. The organic remains which give rich-
ness to this murl, and enhance ita value for agricultural
purposes, are remarkable for being of an arctic character.
They appear to indicate the ancient extension of an icy
sea like that of Greenland over the greater pait of the
British Isles during the geological epoch immediately
preceding the present era. — E. F.]
79 Rouse, Capt., & Whitlev, N., Trw-o — Producers.
Specimens of sands, from various porta of Cornwall,
used for agricultural and biulding purposes : the agricul-
tural sands from Owithiau, Falmouth harbour, and
Pen-on Porth; the others used for building purposes.
[A very large quantity of fine white calcareous siuid,
consisting cliietly of minute fragments of shells, and
containing much animal matter and some salt, is annually
removed from the coast of Cornwall, in some places, to
the interior, and used for agricultural purposes, for
which it is well adapted. It has been estimated that as
much as from six to eight millions of cubic feet of sand
are annually thus i-emovod. — D. T. A.]
80 Flatheb & Haden, 1 Castle Mills, and 2 Broad
Lane, Shcffidi — Producers,
Prepared Trent simd, or wharpe, used for buffing up,
or bringing to a surface, Uermau silver, Britannia metal,
bnvss, copper, &o.
Propoi'ed Welsh rotten-stone, used for producing the
flue polish on silver, Uriluunia niettd guodM, &c. ; whou
mixed with one-sixth its weight of rape or sweet oil, it
forms the polishing paste used for cleaning Bi'itouuio
metid, brasses, tin waro, and other bright metol goods.
[Most aubstimces employed under the name of rotten-
stone, or Tripoli, are essentially composed of silico in a
peculiar state of subdivision, the actual particles of which
the whole is made up being crystalline, but the mass
earthy, and often reduced by compression to a solid state,
having a slaty fracture. In most coses, the origin may be
traced to the remains of infusorial animalcules, and occa-
sionally the presence of carbon, and a little resinous
org'uic motter which shows this still more clearly. The
name Tripoli is gonei-olly m^derstood to apply to all the
earthy varieties (of which there ai-e several) in which
silica exists nearly pure, but in a very minute state of
subdivision, liotten-stone is limited to those which are
light and friable, and of very fine grain. It occurs rather
abundantly near Bakewell, in Derbyshii'o, amongst the
carboniferous limestones, but is often met with in other
rocks.— D. T. A.]
Prepared lime, used for producing the bright black
polish upon Uermim silver, electi'o-plated, and silver
goods.
81 Solomon, Thomas, 7>w)'o— Producer.
Vorieties of hone-stonos, \ised for sharpening oilge-
tools, from PeiTau Porth, near Truro; Lostwithiol; Feock,
near Truro; Kenwyn, near Truro; and other localities.
82 ScBAMPTON — Leicester — Producer.
Specimens of Whittle Ilil! wUetatonos and hones.
84 MeIKIO, CHAHLEfl, lOil Lcddfliliull Strcot —
Manufacturer and Dealer.
Circular grindstones, for glasa, mineral teeth, flne tools,
fto. ; made of sandstone, from the exhibitor'* quarry iu
Bohemia, producing flne edge, and polished aiirtace.
Urinding lathe, mounted with these grindatouca, with
circular oilstones, &c. Moimting for flat oilstones,
sharpening differently on different sides. Specimcna of
dreaaed oilstones.
Multiplying hand-frame for circular gi-indstoncs; oil-
stones and polishing atones on Mr. Kden M'DouoII'b
principle.
Multiplying hand-irame, with horizontal movomout.
[Qrit stones or grinding stones ore, all of them, varietios
of sandstone ; their abrading or polishing powers depending
upon the degree of hardness of the stono; the size of the
particles constituting the maas, and the ailicious charac-
ter of the stone. The Bohemian stones have long been
imported from Germany, and used by jewellers for poliah-
ing small worka, auch aa the aettings around gems. These
stones are fine and ailicious, and for small work cut well,
and keep a good point. — U. H.
This large and impoi-tivnt scries of grindstones inoludM
almost every kind used for manufacturing purposes in
London, and obtained for various parts of the world.
The qualities of the stones, their relative excellence, and
their respective uhch w'\\\ bo ea.sily imderstood by a care-
ful examination of the series. — D. T. A.]
85 Snow, W. P.— Producer.
Specimen of rock from the Arctic Regions.
80 Bank Park Pyropolite Works— Manufacturer.
Figure in torra-cotta ; a bas-relief ornament.
87
Potter, Wiu.iam, & Co., 87 Aldgate, and Cromford,
Derbyshire — Proprietors and Manufacturers.
Specimens of fluor spar, calcareous spar, calamine,
white-lead ore, lead ore, sulphate of barytcs, and sulphato
of barytes manufactured aa a pigment. From the IJinah,
Ooodluck, and other mines iu the vicinity of Cromford,
Derbyshire.
88 Falmouth Local Committee— Producer.
Quartz, pebbles, and sand, from Swan Pool, near
Falmouth.
89 NiCHOLLS, J., r/«co— Producer.
Fire-clay, used for stopping furnaces.
90 Whiteway, Watts, & Co., W,ire!i,im, Porsctshirc,
and Kiuijsieifiatiiu, Jicrunshire — Producers.
Blue clay, used in potteries, raised from the exhibitors'
pits called Furzebrook, near Wareham, Dorset'^hire.
Black and carboniiceous clay, for pottery purposes.
Pipe clay, for making tobacco pij)es. Top clay, for brown
stone-ware purposes. Alumiuo clay. Draining clay, for
draining tiles; all from the pits of Kingstoiguton.
91 King & Co., S^owrirW/f— Producers and
Monufocturera.
Glass-house pot, made of Stourbridge fire-cloy, for
melting the ingredients of flint gloss.
Model of gliu<M-house furnace in iiro-clay.
Segment of D-.-tliaped gii« retort, made of Stourbridge
clay. Segment of round gas retort. These retorts are
of greater duiubility thiui those made of iron.
Crucibles used in fusing metals.
Speciiueu of bcHt clay, in its raw statu, u.sod in the
nianufactiH'c of glaHS-lioimo [loth, peculiar to the Stotir-
bridge diHtrict, and obtained from tho mines of the exhi-
bitor ; and of tho best black clay, used iu the manufac-
ture of crucibles, for melting steel.
KlKODOM.]
Ci,A8B 1,— MlNTNG AND MINERAL PRODUCTS.
South 8idk — Arbam H. 1 to S. 27.
181
[The well-known Stourbridge fire-clay oonsisti of a
niiiterial of considerable purity, exiHting in beds under-
lying coal in the coal-meafiure8 of the district. Similar
beds of flre-cliiy, though rarely so good, occur elsewhere,
and are extensively worked ; but none have attained a
reputation equal to that of Stourbridge in the manufac-
ture of retorts and other fire-clay goods which have to
sustain long-continued and intense heat. The chief ex-
cellence consists in the absence of iron and of alkaline
earths (which would produce fusion of the clay), and a
certain amount of porosity admitting of a little exi)ansion
and contraction. In the raw goods, the quality is not
seen, but in those tliat have been fired, paUmess of colour
and the absence of cracks are considered good mai'kH of
excellence.— D. T. A.]
92 Jenkins & Beer, Tntro — Producers.
Ochres, three in a powdered state, of different shades of
colour, and one in lumps of two shadoH of colour; pro-
duced at Kea, near Truro; used in the manufacture of
paints, paper-hangings, &c. Exhibited on account of
their cleaniess, fulness of colour, body, and cheapness.
93 Jenkins & Courtney, Trum — Producers.
Specimens of Cornish china-stone, exhibiting its
natural fmoture ; raised in the Great Bodilla chiua-stoue
quarries, St. Stephen's, Cornwall, and largely used in
the potteries for the manufacture of the finer descrip-
tions of china and earthenware.
[Ciiiua-stoue and china-clay, both of which are most
extensively used in the potteries, are produced in the
neighbourhood of the great granite ranges of Cornwall
and Devonslfire ; in the former county chiefly ft-om the
St. Austell gi-anite, and also from Tregorming Hill to
the south of Helstone, and from the southern granite of
Dai'tmoor in the latter county. Tlie decomposed granite
of St. Stephen's, and the uses to which it and the clay
produced from it could bo applied, wore discovered in
1768 by Cookworthy of Plymouth, who was the firet
person who made hard porcelain in this kingdom. To this
discovery is due entirely the manufacture of porcelain,
similar to that of china.
Tile composition of tliis kaolin, or porcelain clay, varies
in different localities, the avei-age of the best Comisli
clay giving an analysis — alumina, 24-*6; silica, 44-30;
lime, magnesia, and potash, l-OO; water, 8'74. The pure
kaolin of Dartmoor being, alumina, 3G'8l; silica, 44*25;
linjo, magnesi.a, and potash, 2"20; water, ]2*7.
With the increase of our porcelain and fine earthen-
ware manufacture, the demand for these clays has largely
increased; and to this must be added a large trade in
the china-stone itself, which is used principally for
glazing fine ware, the ordinaiy glaze being composed
of decomposed gi"anite, lime, flint, litharge, and boinx.
A large quantity of tliis clay of an inferior quality is
used by the paper-makers and calico-dressers, for the
purpose of giving weight and body to their fabrics.
Men, women, and children ai"e largely employed on
these clay-works, which, when the clay is being dressed,
present a scene of active and curious industry. — R. H.]
94 Thriscutt, C, St. ^tts^cW— Producer.
China-clay sus dug out of tlie earth, from Caudlodown
Clay -works; prepared, bm'ned, and calcined.
95 WniTLEv, N., Traro — Producer.
Clays of the district of Truro.
97 MiNTON, H. & Co., /Siofc-wpon-r/wj/— Manufacturers.
A collection of the various materials used in the manu-
fivcturo of all kinds of porcelain and earthenware.
1. Haw materuil.— Cornish clay in its natural state; and
the same prepared for use; both from tlie CornJMh Clry
Company ; the same fired. Cornish clay as prepared at Mr.
Thriscutt's works, Caudledown; the same fired. Comiah
stone from the Cornish Clay Company; tlio same ground
and fired. Swedish felspar; the same ground ami fired.
Blue clay, from Fayle'a works, Dorsetshire, in the raw
state ; the same fired. Blue clay from Whiteway's wurku
in Dorsetshire; the same fired. Qravesend flmt iu its
natural state, Flints calcined. Flints calcined and
ground.
2. Gtazimj MaterUth. — East Indian tincal, or borax iu
its imported crude state. Boracic acid. Borax crya-
tallized, from Mr. E. Woods of Liverpool. Oxide of lead.
Fritt for glaze. Paris white. Soda. Potash. Nitre.
3. Culuvrini] Matcriitl. — Oxide of copper. Protoxide of
nickel. Oxide of chromium. Oxide of tin. Peroxide
of manr,anese. Oxide of zinc. Peroxide of cobalt,
Smalt-Mue. Oxide of antimony, Qranulated gold.
Grani'lated silver.
98
HloHLEY, Sahuel, jun., 32 Fleet Street —
Importer.
Collection of rocks and fossils, stratagraphically ar-
ranged, to illustrate modem works on geology; from Dr.
Krantz's establishment at Bonn.
99
Qbeavs, 1., Warwick — Proprietor and
Producer.
Two busts of Sha^ oeare, in cement.
100
Fatle, Benjamin, & Co., OM Stnan Lane, Up]>er
Thames Street — Proprietors.
Specimen of blue potters' clay, as dug from the pita
at Norden, Isle of Purbock, county of Dorset ; used for
the manufacture of earthenware ; said to possess greater
strength of body, and to shrink less than many other
clays when exposed to high heat.
101 Phillips, William, Aforlei/ Wor/ts, near Plympton
— Producer and Proprietor.
1. Specimen of disintegmted grimito from Morley
Works, Devon, in which the felspar is in a decomposed
state, pure, and in a large proportion, compared with tho
quai-tz, schorl, and mica.
2 and 3. Pi-epared china clay, or decomposed felspai',
the result of washing; used chiefly in porcelain, fine and
common pottery, calico-dressing, and paper-making.
4. Specimen of clay for fire-bricks and crucibles.
5. Plymouth porcelain, made by Cookworthy, tho
discoverer of china-clay in this country.
6 and 7. Porcelain made from Morley clay.
8 and 9. Pottery from this clay, made of 80 per cent, of
clay, with flint and china-stono.
[A large quantity of china-clay is found on the south
side of the Dartmoor granite, the quality of the clay
being excellent, and tho position exceedingly favourable
for the supply of the Staffoi-dshire potteries by railway
carriage. Tlie china-clay of Devonshire possesses much
interest, not only by its excellent quality, but also as the
material from which Mr. Cookworthy, the first manu-
facturer of porcelain in England, probably obtained his
material. The process of purifying china-clay is at present
simply mechanical, but is capable of much improvement,
and the coarse parts of the clay are well adapted to the
manufacture of brick of various kinds. The china-clay is
obtained from the decomposition of particulai' varieties of
granite.— D. T. A.]
10 and 11. Tottery of ordinary manufacture, with
small proportions of cliiua-clay, flint, and stone.
12 and 13. Bricks made from clay.
14, 15, and 10. Pottery and china, illustrative of the
application and uses of this china-clay, which has a larger
proportion of alumina than other china-clays, and is free
from metallic oxides.
Ct.AHH 1.— MINING AND MINERAL rrf'DUCTfl.
South Hide— Arrah H. 1 to H. 27.
[UsiTrn
[Tho china-clay and china-«tono iiRod in the tnanufnc-
t lire of tho flii'-r kinilH of porcelain nin chii'tly ol.talnod
fronidoooinpoNtjdgmnite; thefMlajmr o'.'tii«Kriiinte, under
certain circuragtanriH, yielding to the action of the wea-
t)ier, and | mUu^ with Ikalinoeiu-thi, and the harder,
heavier, aiul ooaniop psu .< 'f the giii; ito removed by nie-
chaniciil waahing, either naMirnlly ur artificially. The
pur.lied material thuii ubtuini >1 ix called kiwlin ; itti Mpvi. itic
gravity iiifrom2'L'l to 2-2ti. Some of the flnerkinds con-
tain, when boiliil (■ i Hhort time inaK.lntion 'f potanh,
abont uqiiid piuto . .'lion and aluinina, iipwardi) of 10
per cent, water, and fiom 2 to 10 pur cent, of fii^e silica;
the mineral being tht^refore repreiionted by the formula
A:8: + 2 A^.
Theformni forfelHpar i«3 A; Si» -f K: Sin, the potoxh
being oft-en i ■ : iooed by soda, and tho luiMiro of tin- change
may thus be understood. Tho best chin.i-clay l.r Knglatid
is obUiiufld from Cornwall and Devonshire. — D. T. A.]
103 PiKK, William & Johk, Ware/mm, Dnratta/n,,—
Producers.
Potter^' or blue tl.iy, from the island of Purbeck, Dur-
■etahiro, used in British and foreign pottcrioi*.
[The f." "at'T part of tho best pcittc y produced in
variorj parts of the world has Dorsetfiiire clay for its
principal ingredient. Dlue, or potter's clny, foi iking
fine wai-e, should mix tough, be free from sand, urn a
go')d colour, and bear a la'-ge proportion of flint. This
clay is wiid to pdSHess the.so (prd'ties; and a pieci of
earthenware madj Iv Messrs. T. J. d J. Mayer is exhi-
bited, which contain no othc but china-clay.]
Stoneware clay, used in the London and Bristol pot-
teries for the manufacture of stoiu^ware and divlu | s.
Pipe cia;., for the raanufactine of tobacco \ -pes.
Alum cl«\, for tiio manufucturo of alum.
[A considerable qiiantity of clay fit ior ordinary potters'
work, and i'or the manufacture of tobocco-pipu besides
gome alum schist, is obtained in tho small pcninHula caMed
the islo of Purbeck, on 'ho Dorsetshire coast. This little
tract of land rontains a • irious series of cretaceou<< Wob! -
den, and oolitic deposit-; nuioi/g Uh litter is tho Kiiu-
meridge coal elsewhere describod, ar.d ■ o.vv tho nholn
series are clays of the Hampshire bas'U, iu itia innnufac-
ture of which the coal is used. These piastio clays belojig
to the lowest tertiary depo.sits. — D. T. A.]
of it
■ ■■) t
West of England China Stone & Clay
'iMPANir, St. Austell, Curnwall — Produenr.
"J 1 of china-stone and clay in the different stages
cess to which it ia subjected prior to its being
'I x\e potteries and bleaching manufactories in
„- parts of the old and new world.
'1 liey ai c obtained from the most extensive and ancient
china-stone ijuarries and fallow clay beds in Cornwall.
The Company holds the exclusive riu'ht of working over
3,000 acres of this coti'.ity. These products have taken
the first position in the marketfl hitherto, especially in
Staffordsliire, where they are most extensively used, and
highly valued.
The chma-stone is exhibited in the state in which it
naturally oc .rs; it forms tho partially-decomposed gra-
nitic ranges which stretch through the centre of Cornwall,
where quarries are formed for the purpose of raising it:
and next in the state after it htm been subjected to the
heat of the oven for the purpose of testing its vitrifying
properties.
The china-clay, or still further decomposed granite
(the china-stone being, as it were, an intermediate stage),
is found in large beds, where it is mixed up with the
sand which formed a component part of the granite: this
is termed the clay stope, of which there are one or two
specimens j by trituration with water the clay is sus-
pended and tarried off from the sand, which in dep '?<ted
ni the piuuia^e of the ulay water, to the pits it "hiih it is
allowed to stand, so that the suspended partiblea may
fall to the bottom, and the BU)ieraataut liipior flow off ;
tlie cloy doporit is then placed in pans, exposed to the
warmth of the sun, and bleaching power of tho atmo-
sphere; when thoroughly dry, it is sent to the potteriea
in the stat«) shown in the case, in loi-ge heaps of about
I foot stiuare: the process to which it is next subjeotuil,
that of buruina, serves as the best test of its quality, -hi
which state tliore are one or two siunplos; and Instiy,
the combination of clay and stone shown in the manu-
factured article, tho china cards of the Company
104 Truscott, Charler, St. Austell — ProdtiPer.
Coniwall china-stone in its native state; ascnieined; as
ground; and as ground and calcined. Cornwall china-
clay in its native state; nsctdcined; in u state fur pun u-
lain; and in a state for bleaching and paper niivnufocturing
piu'poses.
i05 Orimsley, Henry, Oj/oi-J— Designer anl
Modeller.
Terra-cottastatueof a female figure holding a dial, made
in ulay obtained from .Shotover Hill, near Oxford. Clay,
siuid, and ochre, from the same place, showing foui'teen
difiorent strata, to the depth of 25 feet.
100
Burnett, Nicholas, lUaok Ikdlcij, Gateshead,
Nenciistle-iipun-Tiine — Producer.
-Specimen of clay, found near Black llodloy.
Articles manufactured from the clay, by Messrs. Thos.
Fell and Co., Newcastlr-.
[Tliis clay is of paitieularly fine quality, and the mate-
rial nmnufacturod from it exhibits marks of this in the
surface it presents, and its uniform tint. — D. T. A.]
107 Martyn, Elias, St. Austell — Producer luid
Manufacturer.
Mpecimo'iii of china-clay, or kaolin, used inthe StaQbrd-
iiliire potteries, in bleaching, and in paper-making.
Cliina-stoue.
lOH Wheeler, Philip, & Co., W. Austell—-
f"oprietoi'8.
China-clay, or "kaohu,' for the manufacture of earthen
ai 1 china ware.
illeachiug clay, used in the cotton and paper manu-
fuctm'es.
Ci.iy, exported to France, &c., for the extiiiction and
manufacture of alum.
China stone fvom quarries in the parish of Qermoe,
Cornwall.
[The china-clay quarries in the adjoining parishes of
Qermoe imd Breage, were the first worked in this country ;
and from this clay the earliest Plymouth china was made.
— R. H.]
109 BuowKr:, William, St. Austell — Pi-oprietor.
Specimen of ciiina-clay, derived from the decomposition
of felspar, extensively used in the manufacture of china,
porcelain, and purion, for ornamental vases, busts, and
all articles that require particular care and delicacy in
moulding; and employed in the patent maimfacture of
ornamental stone, facing, flooring, nnd tiling, various
articles of furniture, &c.
[A very large quantity of valuable china-clay and china-
stone are found naturally, and prepared wtificially in
Cornwall and Devon, chiefly from the St. Austell decom-
posing gi-anite, and the southern gi-aiiite of Dartmoor.
About 14,000 tons of prepai'ed and 30,(i0() tons of natural
china-clay ore annually exported, chiefly to the potteries.
— D. T. A.]
KisonoM.]
Ct,AH8 1.— MINING AND MINKRAL PRODCCTB.
South Hum — Ahicau H. 1 lo S. 27.
in
110 MiCHBLL, Sarah, M. AiuMI — Prwluoer.
Whito uhina-olav, for iiiunufiictiii'iiiK uliina and earth-
enware, aUo fur bioaohing papnr, calico, &o.
111
Wanorsfohde, Hon. Chahlkr, C<utleoomer —
Proprititor.
SiMH ijiien* of anthracite coal. Ir'.n-stone, Fire-clay
for flre-briok«. Slate-clay, for floitriiiu-tllei, milkpiiiiH,
tlower-pntH, &c. Clay for making drainiug-tileB. Sand,
for fire-brick* and moulding.
1 1 1 A Si>eoiui(.'ii8 of china-Htone and china-clay.
112 Hkamihii, — .
Carbonate of barytoii in lump and powdered,
112a Speclmeni) of flruclay.
113 Phippabd, Thomah, Wiuchmn — Proprietor.
PotteiV, and pipe or brown clay, from Carey pitH, wth
wxre and tobacco pi|>ea made from them; alao iiili< iuua
Bond, for the manufacture of glass.
115 Kino, Qeorob, Demiihie Lodi/e, Qiitclcy, near
Newmarket — Manufacturer.
Red brick earth as dug from the pit. Ued building
briokB, paLimeut bricks, and coping bricks miidu from
the earth.
11(5 Ennibkillkn, the Karl of, Florence Court.
Two kinds of clay, and drain pipes and tiles mode of
them.
117 Squires & Sons, Stowbridjr — Producer.
Model of a glass-house furnace, with pots of Stourbridge
fire-clay, Bho\ving one in a working state; and of a pot, in
which the glass is melted.
118 AnsTEV, S., 10 Pi-votishirc' Street, Ilv.ilon Fields
— Manufacturers.
Pots for melting iron, brass, gold, silver, antimony, &c.
119 Fisher, Frederick, Wmlpit, Suffolk —
Manufacturer.
Specimens of Woolpit brick-earth.
White building bricks.
Pammeut bricks and draining pipes.
120 Walker, R., Victoria Works, Beverley —
Manufacturer.
Carbonate of lime, from the quarry, Victoria Works,
Beverley ; and Paris white, manufactured from it.
121 Deerino, James, Middleton, Cork, Ireland —
Producer.
Various materials obtained at Rostellan, county of Cork,
Ireland, adapted for use in the manufacture of the better
kinds of porcelain and earthenware. These include sam-
ples as raised from the mine, which was opened in 18r)0,
and the different substances as used in the arts, and arti-
cles uf earthenware and glass, manufactured from them.
122 Pease, Joseph, Darlinijton — Producer.
Coal, from Pease's West Collieries, used for general
purposes.
Coke manufactured from the coal.
Fire-clay, from above and below the coal. The same
material in different stages of manufacture.
Ware produced from the fire-clay.
Firebricks, pipes for sewerage and agricultural diains,
coping ridge-tiles, paving quarries, &c.
123 HoDSON, Sir G., Bart., ffollybrooke Bray, County
Wicklo'r, Ireland — Proprietor.
Silicious sand formed by the decomposition of the
quartz rock of the Sugar-loaf Mountain in County Wick-
low. It is found in all shades of colour, from pure white
to dark orange, the latter being acquired by its admixture
with a metallic substance. It is used in the manufacture
of porcelain.
123a T-ono, John K. R., County liotcommon—ProdMoat.
Sptiririiun* of drain pipes.
124 Smeduby, Thoma" Well Strttt, IhlyutU^
Projiicer.
Sand for gloss making, and clay from I^nndidno.
124a Johnstone, WiixrAM, County Leitrim — Prod ,cer.
Spocimena of drain pipew,
125 Lek, John, LL.D., llartu-elt, near AyleMmry
Proprietor.
SarapluH (if fine wa8he<i saml, from a sandhill in the
parish of Stone, near Aylesbury.
White, yoil«)w, blue, and gruon glass prisms, made from
the same,
' 'wo spheres of white glasA, made from the same sand.
[luese sands are from soft beds of the lower green-
sand series, of which tliei>e is a considerable thickness,
forming a knoll at Stonu, Tlixre is about 8 feet of whitish
sand below 7 fuet of sand and sandy clay, containiitg
impure fuller's earth. The lower green-sand terminati:*
a little t<i 1 1 \M;«t, and is succeeded by the beds of Port-
limd sto'iiti, Infilling a dintinct ridgo uea Hartwell, but
covered nv.\ obscureil by beds of gravel. — D. T. A.J
126 -M! David, & Sons, ifirAfiWy, .SVo//(/)id—
Manufacturers,
Drain , \, ith oollavs; registered drain-pipes, with
improved mothoda of j. iiiing, to save collars. Driiin-
pipos, showing a iii w method of joining the leading drains
with the main, Newer or wuti r piims.
Ventilating roof-tiles, for stables orgmnarios,
Vandyke border edgings.
Mugs; a new method of dipped turning; a cheap imita-
tion of printing.
1 27 North Devon Pottkkv Company, Annery, near
Bideford — Manufacturers,
Raw clay as raised from the pit.
Gravel or sand, from the bed of the River Torridge,
near Bideford.
Mixture of clay and sand, prepared for manufacturing,
St A-erage pipes of different dimensions and forms.
Strong and cheap water-closet pan, for cottoges, &o.
Hollow brick, ornamental ridgo and garden tiles, &c.
made from the same.
127a
Pipe-olay pipes, and sand for glassmakmg.
128 BuLLER, T. W., Bovey Tracey Pottery, Devon—
Producer.
Specimens of lignite or Bovey coal.
Specimens of earthenware fired with Bovey coal, and
showing the colour of the Kingsteignton clays. This is
the only instance in which lignite has been successfully
applied to the firing of earthenware in England. Exten-
sive deposits of lignite exist both in France and Germany;
but De Brogniart (Traits des Arts Ceramiques, vol. i.,
p. 222) says, that no one has yet succeeded in the manu-
facture of earthenware with this fuel except at Elbogen,
where it is used mixed with other coal.
Patent stilts and cockspurs used in the manufacture of
.iarthenwai-e.
[The Bovey coal is a thick bed of lignite, of compara-
•;ively modern date, and existing in the state of bitumi-
aized wood, generally coniferous. It is brittle, and
leaves a considerable quantity of white ash when burned.
It seems a lacustrine deposit, and extends seven or eight
miles, having in some places eighteen or twenty beds of
lignite, varying in thickness from cue to three feet. —
D. T. A.]
128a Gore, Charles William, Moreton-in-Marsh —
Proprietor.
Brown ochre, in its raw state, used for staining and
IMAGE EVALUATION
TEST TARGET (MT-3)
1.0
I.I
^ Bi2 12.2
u Iti
us
u
K
L» 12.0
IL25 11114 11.6
Photographic
Sciences
Corporation
23 WiST MAIN STREET
WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580
(716)872-4503
'^V
c^^
4^*^
<i^
\
X
134
Class 1.— JflNING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS.
South Side — Abeab S. 1 to S. 27.
[UuiTKb
for oommon purpoaea. In its raw state it is a stone
colour, and is used for houses, glass-liouses. Sec. When
oalnined, it is of a deep brown colour, and is used for
facia, iron-work, &o. ; it has a strong grit, and requires
the use of machinery to pulverize, grind, and prepare it.
129 Fahie, J. E., Tipperary, Ireland— Troduoer.
' White and black clay. Dndning tiles and pipes.
Felspar, f^m Cork.
129a Coopeb, S. — Producer.
Specimens of drain pipes from the river Shannon.
130 White, John Dazlet, & Sons, Weatmimter —
Manufacturers,
Case, containing specimens of cement stones and
those producing plaster of Paris, as used in Ehigland for
building purposes; showing the row stone, the powder
calcined and ground, and cubes of cement in a set state.
There are two kinds of ccnent stones: of each kind, as
well as the gypsums, it may be well to say a few words.
Ist. Natnru cement stones. These include the Sheppey
stone (Kent), and the Harwich stone (Essex), which pro-
duce different varieties of the eminent known as Roman
cement, introduced by Dr. Parker about 50 years ago.
These are both from we older tertiary deposits, and so
also are the Hampshire cement stones found at Christ-
church, Romaey, &c., which produce the Medina ce-
ment. The Whitby stone (Y'^rkshire), is found in the
lias formation, the cement produced being known as
Atkinson's cement. At Wolverhampton and in Derby-
shire cement stones occur in connection with iron-stone,
which imparts to them a ferruginous tint. At Weymouth
^)orsetsIure) similar materials are obtained from the
Kimmeridge clay, but these are not extensively used for
building puiposes. Other districts yield natural cement
stones, but the above mentioned are those most known in
commerce : they are used very lately, both as mortars
and stuccoes.
2nd. Artificial cements: — Portland cement is composed
of carbonate of lime and the argillaceous deposit of the
Med way and other rivers. These materials prouuc:: a
cement of superior quality, both as to strength and colour.
A large panel on a wall, representing a Roman Doric
window opening, shows the colour of this cement, and
its adaptation for external stucco. In illustration of
its strength as a connecting material between bricks,
stone, &c., are shown: — abeam of brickwork, loaded with
a heavy weight, indicating the value of bond courses of
brickwork in cement, and the resistance they oppose
to superincumbent weight and cross strain. A beam of
tiles bedded in Portland cement, adapted for flooring pur-
poses. Cubes of stone connected by Portland cement,
showing its adhesive power m great in stone as in brick.
Bricks made of Portland cement, to test its resistance to
tensile force. Blocks of Portland cement which have been
subjected to hydraulic pressure, to prove its resistance
to compression. Portland cement combines with gravel,
rubble-stone, &c., to form excellent concrete or beton;
specimens are to be seen in parts of a block in concrete
stone made at the Digue of Cherbourg, under the direc-
tion of Mons. ring^nieur Reibell; size of blocks, 15ft. by
8ft. by 6ft.; weight, 45 tons; specimen two years old.
Part of a block made at Dover Harbour works, under
the direction of James Walker, Esq., which has been
exposed during three years in an isolated position to the
action of the sea and shingle. Part of a block of concrete
stone, made at Aldemey harbour works; composition,
1 part cement to 10 parts gravel ; weight of blocks 4 to 6
tons. Part of a block of concrete stone, 2 years old; the
cement was used in a liquid state.
Oypsums, or sulphates of lime, are found in many parts
of England, particulai'ly Derbyshire, Nottinghaiusnii'e,
and Cumberland; and when calcined and ground they
? reduce the material known in commerce as plaster of
'aris; and in combination with alum they produce the
hard artificial cements known as Keene's, Martin's, and
Pttrian patent cements. Keene'a cement is composed of
sulphate of lime and alum; the intimate chemical combi-
nation of these materials effected by calcination imparts to
the stuccoes made from them, extreme hardness, by which
they are adapted for use in those parts of buildings where
strength and durability are required, such as skii-tings,
columns, pilasters, and mouldings of all sorts; and they
are not liable to be injured by fire, vermin, fto. As
specimens of Keene's cement are shown — a skirting
moulding, worked in the oommon quality of Keene's
cement; two pavements, of which the ground is the com-
mon quality, and the iidaid borders of the finer quality;
large panel on wall, second quality, adapted for painting.
Specimens, showing that in combination with colours,
brilliant and forcible imitations of marbles, gnmites, &c.,
may be produced, the effect being aided by gilding and
inlaying; large panel on wall, and pavemeut. illustrating
the effect of colouring in this material, and i*3 applicability
to inlaid work, after the style of Florentine mosaic, at a
cost not much exceeding the price of polished vein marble.
[There are three very different processes of manufitcture
in the case of hydraulic cements and artificial stone, the one
consisting of an admixture of caustic lime (with or without
magnesia) with silica in a gelatinous state, thus producing
in the final result a hydrous silicate of lime; a second,
consisting of sulphates of lime burnt with alum; and the
other, composed entirely of silica, and forming, in fact,
a kind of glass. Each class of artificial stones will be found
noted in describing the objects exhibited by different per-
sons. The hydrous silicates of lime, manufactured Arti-
ficially, consist, as noticed above, of carbonate of lime
mixed with alliaceous earth, and calcined with sand or
powdered flint, when the alkali, acting on the silica at
a bright red heat, produces a mass which, with the sub-
sequent addition of water, becomes permanently solid.
— D. T. A.]
130a Piper, T. & W., and White & Sons— Importers
and Manufacturers.
Wall panel executed in li-ench plaster, showing its ap-
plication as a hard and quick-setting internal stucco in
place of lime rendering.
131
Bltth & Jacobs, 44 Baldwin's Qardens, Oray'a Inn
Lane, Holborn — Manufacturers.
Oypsum dug from the pits; calcined, and prepared for
manure. Specimens of plaster of Paris, with a collection
of articles in the same.
[Oypsum (hydrous sulphate of lime) occurs in various
ways and various places very abundantly. In a semi-
crystalline form it is called alabaster, and in crystals
selenite. In the same combination without water, it is
called anhydrite.
Most of the gypsum used in the manufacture of plaster
of Paris is obtained from tertiary deposits, of which
enormous masses exist in the neighbourhood of Paris,
especially at the heights of Montmoi-tre. This stone con-
tains above 7^ per cent, carbonate of lime, and H per cent,
clay, which greatly improves the strength of the cement
made from it. It lies between marly beds, and is of fresh-
water origin; but other beds equally extensive are of the
triaasic series occurring with common salt, and others
again in the oolites of the Alps.
Large quantities of gypsum ore obtained from Lincoln-
shire (Newark) and also from Derbyshire — the best from
the latter ^jiace.
The gypsum, heated from 250» to 270° Faht., parts with
the whole of its water, and is changed into an anhydrous
sulphate. In this state it is reduced to a fine powder,
and then, on being again mixed with water, becomes
warm, and rapidly solidifies, lliis is nut the case, how-
[UsiTEb
KlKODOM.]
Class 1.— MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS.
South Side — Abbas S. 1 to S. 27.
135
ever, if the temperature of calcination has been too high,
since if it reaches 320° the water is absorbed very slowly.
The mode of calcining varies with the object required,
the plaster used in constructions being less carefully
burnt than that intended for fine caste. A harder and
more perfect plaster than the common kind is sometimes
made by adding alum during the process of calcination.
This material dries more slowly, but is smoother than
the ordinary plaster, and has a certain degree, of trans-
parency. The use of gypsum ns manure depends on its
supplying to certain soils lime and sulphuric acid. —
D. T. A.]
131a M'Anasfie, p. & T., 31 Great Bruniickk Street,
Dublin — Manufacturers.
Various samples of hydraulic and Portland cements,,
adapted for all kinds of buUding work, both useful nnd
decorative: — they are the first ever manufactured in Ire-
land, and are all taken from the Irish mines.
Specimens of Oriental marbles, in scagliola, used for
the interior decorations of houses.
Specimens of green granites, verd antique. Sienna,
black and gold, rousse brocade, and brocodelia.
Specimens of green, blue, and yellow cements, adapted
for tessellated and mosaic flooring, &o.
[The ancient Romans paid particular attention to their
cements and mortars, the durability of which is attested
by the remains of their walls: their renowned hydreulic
cement is said to have been prepared with a mixture of
volcanic sand and lime. Hydraulic cements are such as
have the property of hardening under water, and are pre-
pared by the calcination of argillaceous limestone, or
with mixtures of lime and argillaceous earth. It appears
from the acute researches of M. Vicat, that silica is an
essential element in the formation of a good hydraulic
cement, the setting of which he attributes to the basis,
silicate of lime, passing to the state of hydrate by the ab-
sorption of water; for he fotmd that alumina and magnesia
did not give to lime the property of hardening under
watei-, although they do not prevent the process of indu-
ration : ho believes that the oxides of iron and manganese
do not contribute in any way to the goodness of the ce-
ment.—W. D. L. R.]
131b Dyer, C. K.— Producer.
Patent metallic cement.
131c Block of gypsum from county Monaghan, Ireland.
132 GowANS, James, Edinburgh — Proprietor.
Group in freestone, designed and executed by A. Han-
dyside Ritchie, 92 Prince's Street, Edinburgh.
This stone is from Redhall quarry. According to the
analysis of Dr. Gteorge Wilson, of Edinburgh, the average
percentage of peroxide of iron is not more than -052.
It is said to possess the property of hardening by ex-
posure to the weather, and of retaining its primitive
surface.
Specimen of freestone, from Binny quarry, forming
the plinth of the group.
Dr. Wilson, in his analysis, says, "This building stone
which has been in use for many years in Edinburgh, has
been analysed by me, and found to contain the some per-
centage of peroxide of iron as the Redhall freestone, and
I find that it exhibits the peculiarity of having difi\ised
through it a quantity of native bitumen or asphaltum
which acts as a protective varnish to the stone, and defends
it trova the action of the atmosphere."
Specimen of Binny quarry bitumen candles, made from
the nearly solid bitumen or mineral wax, which is diffused
through the stone, and exudes in considerable quantity
between its layers.. Owing to its abundance, the workmen
use it for domestic purposes.
Specimen of bitumen from Binny quarry, in its natural
state. It has been found by Dr. Wilson to yield, on dis-
tillation, peraffine, and a liquid hydro-carbon analogous to
naphtha.
Model of a steam crane, with travelling gear, worked
from a horizontal shaft, and capable of raising 20 tons.
Drawing of a steam crane, worked by crab gearing,
attached to a horizontal steam-engine, and capabl* -^f
raising 50 tons.
Drawing of a boring machine, capable of boring holes to
a depth of 40 or 50 feet, from .^ to 6 inches in dia-
meter; used in conjunction with a galvanic battery for
separating the large massts of rock in the quarry. It is
stated that masses weighing upwards of 6,000 tons have
been dislodged by this operation from their beds. It is
proposed to apply the same method to the working of
coal-mines, blasting of submarine rocks, &c.
1 33 Fbeston, William, Hatcthom Cottage, Stroud —
Producer.
Building-stone from Poinswick Quarries; from Sheeps-
combe, and from Kailsworth Quarries.
134
Maxwell, Wellwood, Munches, Dalbeattie,
Scotland — Proprietor.
Slab of granite from Craignair quarry, near Dalbeattie,
Stewartry of Kirkcudbright, showing some of the styles
in which that stone may be dressed and polished. The
value of this granite has been tried in the Liverpool docks
and similar works ; it is adapted for ornamental archi-
tecture.
135 Voss, James, Wbodijhide, Corfe Castle —
Proprietor.
Purbeck marble, from quarries at Woody-hide, Corfe
Castle, used in decorating the interior of the Temple
Church, Loudon; also used for dairies, hall tables, man-
telpieces, &c.
[The Purbeck series of beds occurs at the base of the
Wealden formation, and immediately overlies the Portland
series. It is best developed jn the Isle of Purbeck, whero
it has a thickness of 275 feet, 55 feet of the upper part
of which is useful stone. The beds called Piurbeck marble
consist, for the most part, of small Paludince, cemented
by carbonate of lime with much green matter. Other
beds are composed of bivalves of the genus Cyclas, They
are all used for building pm-poses. — ^D. T. A.]
136 Kino, Thomas, Morpeth — Producer.
Block of freestone, from a quarry at Hartford Bridge,
Northumberland, belonging to the Earl of Carlisle, with
the proprietor's coat of arms cut thereon.
The quality is shown by the fact, that a bridge adjoin-
ing the quarry was built of this stone more than 600
years ago, and the marks of the mason's chisel are still
visible on it. The some stone was used in the building
of Miss Burdett Coutts' church in Westminster; and in
repairing Windsor bridge. This stone is quarried by the
exhibitor and shipped at the port of Blyth.
137 Sim, William, Tmerary, Argyleshire — Producoi-
and Manufacturer.
Granite ftova the quarries at Inverary and Bonaw, Loch
Etive, and from the Island of Mull, manufactured and
arranged so as to illustrate their capabilities for works of
utility, and for ornamental purposes.
Model of a street, with the causeway, gutter, and kerb-
stones full size, in their respective positions.
Cubes of granite, showing the various kinds of work-
manship generally put on granite; namely, coarse picked,
fine picked, nidged, or axed, and polished.
Three ballusters of Bonaw fine-grained granite, hewa
with the hammer and chisel.
Three slabs of iwlished granite.
The granites of Inverary and the fiuo-grained granite
of Bonaw are remarkable for hardness and extraordinary
130
Clam 1.— JHNING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS.
SocTH SiDs — Abbas S. 1 to S. 27.
[United
nsUtanoe to tear and wear. They have bgea extenaively
need in paving the streets of Okisgow; and officially cer-
tified by the Lord Provost and Town Council of that city
to be the best ever used for that purpose.
[The granite of Inverary consists of distinct patches,
protruding through the gneiss. The granite is of fine
quality, and much used. It is of two kinds, the one con-
taining mica and red felspar, and the other hornblende and
white felspar with the quartz. — D. T. A.]
138 Lkmtaionb, J., TallagM House, Dublitt —
Proprietor.
Limestone from Sut*<on, county Dublin, and from
Clane, county Kildare. Porphyry, from Lambay Island,
county Dublm.
139 Qklumo, FbeDrbick Lamoths, Castletown, Isle of
Man — Producer.
Marble, obtained fh>m Coshnahawin and Skillicore,
in the parish of Halew, Isle of Man, exhibited in several
forms, to show its capabilities — in the rough, with one
fiioe polished; table in five pieces; turned specimens; a
vase, &o. It can be raised of lai^e size, and of great
variety.
Red porphyry, and agate or pebble, with polished faces.
[The limestone of Skillicore and Coshnahawin is of the
carboniferous period, and is broken up into rhomboidal
blocks, the intervals being often filled with quartz. The
rook exhibits a beautiful variegated appearance, but is too
much fractured, and appears to be too hard to be worked
with prpflt as a marble. — D. T. A.]
140 CoiJ.ES, A., Marble Works, Kilkenny, Ireland —
Manufikoturer.
Bust pedestal of Kilkenny marble, from the Block
Quarry.
141 Mebeoith, James Henby, Fouxy, Comtvall —
Proprietor.
Slab of black porphyry, polished on both sides.
Slab of red porphyry, polished on both sides.
Slab of green porphyry, polished on one side, and partly
polished on the other.
Tessellated porphyry table, containing 54 specimens of
indigenous stones raised in the parish of Wituiel, in the
county of Cornwall, from a porphyry quarry, which has
been worked for foiurteen or fifteen years; it was polished
in the mills at Fowey Castle Mine, in the parish of Ty-
war.ireath.
Porphyries are principally used for ornamental archi-
tecture, such as floorings, ceilings, and sides of rooms,
passages, porches, and entrances of various descriptions;
tables, recesses, tessellated pavements, monuments,
columns, &c.
142 B088MORE, Lord, Sossmore Park, Monaghan,
Ireland — Proprietor.
Specimen of green granite from Rossmore Park, county
Monaghan.
143 CouBTOWN, Earl of, Cowrtovcn House, Wexford —
Producer.
Block of jasper.
144 Framkun, Pubieas Lewis, Oalway, Ireland —
Proprietor.
Block of black marble, with polished surface. Block
marble columns for statues, from quarries on the banks
of Lough Corrib, near Qalway ; used also for ornamental
marble works, monuments, tombs, &c.
145 Malabide, Lord Talbot de, Malahide Castle,
Londonderry — Producer.
Specimens of Irish verd antique.
146 Hall, Joseph & Thomas, Marble Works, Derby —
Manufacturers.
Series of pieces of Derbyshire black marble, arranged
in a columnar form, showing the process of turning, po-
lishing, &o., from the rough block to the finished article.
Similar series in Derbyshire alabaster, to illustrate the
mode of manufacturing firom the raw material.
148 Handebmn, W. — Producer.
Marbles of Ireland, of various colours, prepared at the
Killaloe marble works, on the banks of the Shannon, and
raised in the neighbouring districts. Exported from
limerick.
149 Damon, T., Weymouth — Proprietor.
Polished slabs of septaria, or turtle stone, from the
Oxford clay formation, Weymouth, Dorset.
[The septoria, of which these are favourable specimens,
are obtained ftom all the principal cloys found in
England, and consist of concretionary portions in which
the carbonate of lime, at fiirst disseminated through the
whole mass, had collected, during or before the final
drying of the bed. The carbonate of lime, afterwards
crystallizing, occupied a still smaller space, as it was
deprived of all extraneous matter, and the crevices thus
formed, have subsequently been filled up. There is often
an organic centre to the concretions of which the septoria
is formed. The name septoria is derived from the Latin
septum, an indosure. — D. T. A.]
150 Monteibo, Luis Antonio, 2 Upper FhilUmore
Place, Kensington — Producer.
Specimen of stalagmite, or Oriental alabaster, veined
in colours, from Qranada.
151 Qdilliam & Cbeer, Castletown, Isle of Man —
Producers.
Slobs of Poolvash block morble, inlaid with red and
yellow composition, to imitate encaustic tiles. Invented
and designed by the Rev. J. G. Gumming.
Plain polished slab of Poolvash black marble.
Table of Poolvash grey shelly marble, with enorinital
column.
National tile one foot sqiuu-e. Poolvash black morble,
with the arms of England, Scotland, Ireland, Woles, and
the Isle of Man, in figures inlaid in red.
Slob of block morble, for chess table, inlaid with
various marbles of the Isle of Man.
Marble candlesticks.
Wreath of flowers in Poolvash block marble.
152 ;
Building material foimd in Sussex.
153
Specimens of Irish building stones.
153a Trenchard, Trenchard John — ^Producer.
Specimens of stone from the Roxwell quarry, near
Weymouth.
154
Sparks, W., Crewkeme — Collector.
Specimens of stone from the counties of Dorset, Somer-
set, and Devon: — •
Oreensand; a silicious stone, from Blackdown Hills,.
Devon, used as a whetstone for scythes, &c.
Purbeck marble; Purbeck stone; Portland stone. Build-
ing stone from Ridgway; and limestone from Langton
Herring, near Weymouth.
Building stones, white and calcareous, from Bothen-
hampton, near Bridport, and Beominster, Dorset; also
from Both, Doulting, near Wells, and Crewkeme,
Somerset.
Ferruginous stone, for public buildings, mill-dams,
&c., from Hamdon Hill, Somerset.
Blue lias limestone, for docks, railways, &c., from
Lyme Regis, Dorset, from Curry Rivell, near Lwgport,
and from Keinton, Somerset.
[United
Kingdom.]
Class 1.— MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS.
South Side — Areas S. 1 to S. 27.
137
White liaB, trom Beer Crowcombe, and from Twerton,
Somenet. Oypsum, from the foimer place.
New red Mndatone, from Bishop's Lydiard, near Taun-
ton, Somerset.
Millstone grit, for paving, 8k., from the Pennant quar-
ries, Hanham, near Bath.
Carboniferous limestone, from St. Vincent's rooks,
Clifton; from the Breakwater quarries, Plymouth, from
Newton- Abbott; and from Kingskerswell, near Torquay,
Devon.
Granite, from Dartmoor, Devon, used for Qovemment
works, Stonehouse.
Marlstone or middle lias, from near Hminster, Somerset.
Mountain limestone from the Mendip Hills, near
Shepton Mallett, Somerset.
[Many of the stones referred to in the above list are of
considerable value and interest. The whetstones first
alluded to are manufactured trom hard sandy concretions,
found in the lower cretaceous rocks on the west part
of the Blackdown hills, and quarried from galleries driven
08 much as 300 yards into the hill side. These concre-
tions vary ttom 6 to 18 inches in diameter, and form a
bed about 4 feet thick, available for scythe-stones. The
beds above and below are employed for building pur-
poses.
The inferior oolites, worked at Crewkeme as building
stones, are not specially remarkable for excellence, but
the Hamdon-hill stone is durable and valuable. The
Pennant grit is a rock much employed for building and
engineering purposes, and belongs to the coal measures.
The granite of Stonehouse and Dartmoor ia a valuable
and durable material.— -D. T. A,]
155
Slab of green Connemara marble from the D'Aroy
estate.
156
Mountain limestone firom Weardale.
157 Cdmmino, Rev. Joseph George, Castletoum,
Isle of Man — Producer.
Pale marble (carboniferous limestone), from Scarlett,
Isle of Man. Exported fh>m Castletown. Castle Bushen
(900 vears old). King William's College, St. Thomas's
chiurch, Douglas, and Castletown pier, are built from these
quarries. It is durable, and easily raised.
158
Chahpernowme, H. Dartington House, Totness —
Proprietor.
Cubes of polished Devonshire marbles.
159 Tennant, James, 149, Strand — Mineralogist.
The maps of the Ordnance Survey, geologically coloured
by the officers of the Geological Survey of the United
Kingdom.
160
Freeman, William & John, MUlbank Street,
Westminster — Producers.
Several varieties of material used for constructions,
namely: —
Granites from Lamoma, near Penzance ; from Con-
stantino, nearHelston; from Camaew, Mabe pariah, and
Polkansgo, Stithian's parish, near Penryn; from Zennor,
near St. Ives; and from Rosemorran, Gulval, Cornwall.
Foggintor granite, county Devon; Aberdeen granite, and
Peterhead granite, from Stirling Hill quarries, Aberdeen-
shire; Dalkey or Dunleary granite, county Dublin; Ire-
land, and Guernsey and Herm granite used for macadam-
ising roads. Polyphant stone from Lewannick, near
Launceston.
Limestones. — Purbeck marble, from Swannge, Dorset;
the top vein in the quarry, used anciently in churches
and cathedrals. Purbeck stone, called Laniug vein, the
second stratum from the top, used chiefly for door
steps and street kerbs; freestone, third vein, used chiefly
for building; stone, from Down's Vein, fourth from the top
of the quarry, useid for footway paving; stone, called fea-
ther, fifth vein, used in church building; stone, five bed
and cap used for carriage-way paving and building pur-
poses; Portland. Portland stone, from West Cliff and
from Bill quarries; from the Waycroft quarries; from the
Trade quarry, and from the Vera Street quarry, all in the
isle of Portland. Portland roach, the upper part of the
regular stone beds ; the lowest bed, used for troughs,
sinks, &c. Bath stone, from the Farleigh Down quarries;
from the Box quarries, and from Coombe Down quarries.
Limestone, from Hooe lake, Plymstock; used for agii-
cultural purposes, for footway pavements, and buildmg.
Caen stone, from the quarries of M. Jobert.
Magnesian limestone, from the estate of the Misses
Gascoigne;Huddlestone stone, nearSherbume, Yorkshire.
Sandstones. — Darley Dale stone, from Stanoliff quarry,
near Bakewell, Derbyshire; Cromwell bottom stone, from
the estate of Samuel Freeman, Esq., Southowram, near
Halifax, Yorkshire. Bradford stone, from the quarries at
Heaton. Potter Newton stone, and Gipton wood stone,
from the neighbourhood of Leeds. Bramley Fall stone,
frx)mMeanwood quarries, near Leeds; and from Horsforth
quarries, near Leeds. Gazby stone, from quarries near
Bradford.
Kentish rag, from the quarries of Mr. Bousted and Mr.
Seager, near Maidstone.
l^re-stone, from the quarries of Mr. Stedall, Godstone,
Surrey.
Slates and Schists. — Caithness slabs, tised very exten-
sively for paving.
Vuentia slate stone, from the island of Valentia, Kerry,
Ireland: the slate is non-absorbent; experiments made
by Messrs. Bramah showed that inch cubes required
nearly six tons to crush them.
Marble.— Green, and black marble, from the estate
of Mr. Martin, county Galway, Ireland.
[Most of the materials commonly used in construction
in London are illustrated in the above collection. The
Cornish granites and the Portland stones may, however, be
selected as requiring notice here. Of the former, those
shipped from Penryn are the best known ; but the quantity
annually exported varies very greatly, and the qualities
are also variable. The different kinds exhibited will give
some idea of their appearance. The Portland stone is well
known, and very excellent, but costly, and rather heavy;
it contains 95 per cent, carbonate of lime, 1 silica, and 1 car-
bonate of magnesia: specific gravity = 2*145, and cohesive
power moderate. The upper beds above the &«estone are
the top-cap, skuU-cap, and roach, the latter forming a good
stone; the next bed is the best or top-bed, from 3 to 8 ft.
thick, and this is succeeded by the middle or ctrf-bed,
and an inferior bottom bed. The position of the Portland
stone is in the upper part of the upper oolites. — D. T. A.]
161 Hutchison, John, Monyray, near Peterhead —
ftoprietor.
Bust and pedestal in blue Peterhead granite.
162 NiCHOLLB, John, li-ekenning, SI. Colomb —
ftxjprietor.
Block of porphyry or elvan-atone, raised near Newquay,
Cornwall; it is said to resist the action of the weather.
163 Local Committee, Falmouth and Penryn —
Producer.
Stone, from Porkellis, Wendron, suitable for building,
roads, chimney-pieces, or tables. Stone from Forest -gate,
Stithians; and from Church Town, about two miles dis-
tant; from Mylor, near Penryn; and from Wendron.
Granite, ft-om Wendron.
Stone, for rood-making, extensively used on the Truro,
Penryn, and Redruth trusts, from Pasko and Treluswell
188
CtAsa 1,— MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS.
South Side — Areas 8. 1 to S. 27.
[Unitri*
gtiaiTiM, OIuviM. Stone, from Steren's quarry, Higher
Treluswell, Qluviaa; and from Newham, Kea.
Specimen of porphyry, found near Swan Fool, Fti-
mouth, oontaining orratala of rhomboidal quart*.
Quarts pebblea and aand, trom Swan Pool beaoh.
Magnetic iron ore, from Treluawell, near Penryn.
[A large quantity of excellent road-atuff L obtained in
Cornwall from the "elmns," or porphyritio dykea, which
traverae many parta of the county: these elvana alao sup-
ply the chief building atones of the diatriot. They are,
however, not unfr«quently met with in a decomposing
atate, and are then quite unfit for use. The stonea ob-
tained trom Porkellis, near Wendron, sometimes nearly
resemble sandstones. Many excellent stones, both gra-
nite and elvan, are obtained near Penryn. The decom-
posing porphyries and elvana yield occasionally a valuable
fire-clay.— D. T. A.]
164 HiCKB, Thomas, TVuro— Producer.
Vaiietiea of porphyry, for various purposes.
[The porphyries of Cornwall and other districts, where
the primary and protrusive rooks prevail, have been
neglected up to the present time. In the decoration of
Osborne, and some other of the royal residences, orna-
mental stones of British porphyries, and other orna-
mental stones, have been used. Many of them are of a
beautiful description, susceptible of the highest polish,
and all very durable. The greenstones, or as they are
sometimes called ironstone porphyries, are now being
introduced into London for road-making, and it appears
to prove an exceedingly good material for that purpose.
— R. H.]
165 Whttlby, KiCBOLAa, Truro — Producer.
Varieties of porphyry.
166 St. Aubteix Committee — Producer.
' Specimens of building material.
167 LisKEABD Committee— Producer.
Specimens of building material, prepared in cubes.
168 CLnOAS, T., jun., 8 L'ffyvretue Terrace, Ouentseif —
Proprietor.
Specimens of granite, porphjn-y, and pot-stone, from
Guernsey, Herm, and Sark, used for building and mac-
adamizing.
169 RoDD, T. H., Esq., Trebantha Hall, near Laun-
ccston — Proprietor.
Varieties of porphyry, for ornamental and building
purposes.
170 Jenkins & Stick, Truro — Proprietors.
Varieties of porphyry, from Tremone, in Withiel.
170 a
Specimens of limestone glazed.
171
SowDEN, Matthew, Burley, near Leeds —
Producer.
Hard delf-stone grit, from a quarry at Burley, near
Leeds, close-grained, strorg, and durable; suitable for
headstones, steps, Ac, and generally for erections ex-
posed to the weather.
172 Fbeekam, Samcel, Cromweid Bottom, near Hatifaas
— Producer.
Laminated flagstone, from Pearson Brow Quarry, in
Hipperholme, Yorkshire, and from Northowram, near
Halifax, from Cromweld Bottom and Southowram, and
from Hove Edge and Elland Edge, Yorkshire.
Blackstone, from Ringby, near Halifax, and from the
Elland Edge Quarry, a bed free from lamina;.
All these stones Ue above the two known lowest beds of
coal in England, and below the level of the other beds.
The laminated stones are split into flags for naving, &o.
Sandstone from the quarries at Oreetland, near Hali-
fax, Yorkshire ; it lies below the level of any of the known
beds of coal.
[The lower coal meiwures of Yorkshire contain some
excellent grits, well adapted for building and paving.
Some, of the latter are well known and very widely used
throughout England.— D. T. A.]
173
Set of dressed blocks of oolitic freestone.
174 Haioh, John, Godley Cotluijf, nmir Halifa.
Producer.
Specimens of freestone from Northowram quarriea,
near Halifax. Block, in its natural state ; block, variously
dressed.
Flag, for causeways and floors of buildings.
Millstone grit, from Halifax.
175 Johnstone, Ueoroe, CratgltUk, Ediiiburgh-m
Producer.
Stone from Carlingnose quarry, North Queensferry,
Scotland, This stone has been extensively used in Scot-
land, England, and Wales; more especially at Her
Majesty's dockyards at Woolwich, Sheemess, and Chat-
ham; for the breakwater at Warkworth (Northumber-
land); at Newcastle, Sunderland, and Hartlepool; and
in paving the Imperial Museum at St. Petersburg.
Stone from Bornton Mount quarry, near Edmburgh:
this stone can be procured in large bloolu, and in any
quantity. Specimen of paving stones from the same
granite quarry.
Specimen of stone from Ciaigleith quarry, near Edin-
burgh; much used for stairs, landings, and fine pavings;
may be seen applied to those purposes at Uae . British
Museum, Royal Exchange, Custom-house, &o., London.
[The Craigleith stone is a sandstone of the cai'bonife-
rous series, consisting of fine quartz grtiins with a sili-
cious cement, and occasional plates of mica. It ia
obtainable of any practicable length and breadth, and up
to 10 feet thick. Weight, per cubic foot, 146 lbs. It
consists of more than 98 per cent, of silica, and 1 per
cent, carbonate of lime, — ^D. T. A,]
176 LuARD, Beedham, &Co., Caen, Normandy, and Caen
Sufferance Wharf, Itotherhithe — Proprietors.
A specimen of Cr^en stone, wrought on face.
Four specimens of ancient Caen stone, from St, Ste-
phen's Chapel, Westminster, 16th century; St, Stephen's
Church, Caen, 11th century; and Kingston Church, Sus-
sex, 14th century; all in good presei-vation.
Four specimens of Aubigny stono, wrought.
Three specimens of ancient Aubigny stone from churches
at Calvados department, and from the old castle of Wil-
liam the Norman, of the 12tu, 16th, and 17th centuries,
A specimen of Ranville stone, from quan-ies near Caen.
Three specimens of Scotch granite, of wliich ' looks of
30 tons can be obtained. .
[The Caen stone, obtained in large quantities and of tho
finest quality from the quarries at Ailemagne, has been
long worked, and is well known in all parts of England
and France, being used in many of our cathedrals and
other public buildings. The quarries are entered by
narrow galleries opening from the steep banks of the
river Orme, and thus have tho advantage of direct water
communication at very small cost.
The stone is soft iu the quarry, of very beautiful rich
cream colour and very even texture. It stands exposure
well in France, b-it is better adapted for internal work in
the climate of England. Several very beautiful works in
this material will be found amongst the mineral manu-
factures (Class 27), <ind in other ports of the building.
D.T,A.]
[Unitkd
KlKODOM.]
CtA88 1.— MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS.
South Bidb — Arkab S. 1 to 8. 27.
130
quoirlM,
, variously
177 Smitu, Tilden, Vine Hall, Ilur$t Oreen—
Proprietor,
Limeatone, raised from a quarry on the property of
Samuel John NiooU, Esq., in the pariah of Mountfield,
Sussex.
Two blocks of concrete, formed with the Mnuntfield
stone lime. One block baa been kept in a damp place
since 1850; the other has been kept dry. The Mount-
field lime is especially adapted for submarine works, as it
possesses the valuable property of hardening under water.
[The limestones of the middle part of the Wealden
formation occur in the lower or Ashbumham group, and
include a series of shelly limestones and shale resembling
the Sussex marble. Extensive lime-works have been long
carried on near Battle, and the rocks are found to be
much disturbed with faults. — D. T. A.]
178 Bahrt&Barrt, Thomas and Jacob, Mauyan
SI. Colmnb — Producers.
Firestone, a soft-grained elvan or porphyry, from
?uarries near Newquay, used for lining limekilns and
umacea.
[The elvans (porphyi-itio dykes) of Cornwall are used
for various purposes of construction, but it is only occa-
sionally that they yield firestones. — D. T. A.]
179
EiBK & Parrt, Sleaford, Lincolnshire—
Proprietors.
Specimen of Ancaater stone, of the lower oolite form-
ation, from the quarry at Wilsford, near Sleaford, Lin-
colnshire. It is said to be a durable building material,
used chiefly for dressings and architectural decorations,
and adapted for sculpture and ornaments of various
kinds. It rises in beds, varying fW>m 10 to 24 inches in
thickness : the texture is close and uniform ; and it is
stated that although it can be cut with an ordinary
peg-tooth saw, like the Bath oolite, it will carry an orris
equal to that of Portland atone.
. [Ancaster stone is a fine cream-coloured oolite, cemented
by compact, and, often, crystalline carbonate of lime.
There ore numerous beds, the entire depth of workable
stone being 13 feet, and blocks of 3 to 5 tons being
obtainable. The stone weighs 139 lbs. 4 ozs. per cubic
foot; absorbs very little water; cohesive power tolerably
high; composition— carbonate of lime 93*6, carbonate of
magnesia 2*9, with a little iron and alumina, and a trace
of bitumen. Belvoir Castle, Belton House, and nume-
rous mansions and churches in Lincolnshire are con-
structed of this stone. — D. T. A.]
180 Foot, John, Abingdon Street, Weatminater —
Proprietor.
Specimens of Best Bed Portland stone, and Whit Bed
Portland stone, showing di£ferent samples of workman-
ship.
Specimens of Roach Portland stone. The backs show
natural fractures.
181 Staplb, Thomas, Stoke-under-Hamdon,near Feovit
— Producer.
Blocks of Ham-hill stone (oolite), partially prepared to
show the quality of the stone.
182 Rctherford, Jesse, Stone Merchant, Wingerworth,
near Chesterfield — Producer.
Stone from Wingerworth quarry, near Chesterfield,
Derbyshire.
Stone fixjm Lion quarry, Wooley Moor, near Winger-
worth, Chesterfield.
Stone from Bramley Fall quarry, Wingerworth, near
Chesterfield: this stone is generally used in heavy worica
such B8 docks, bridgea, Ac. ; the quarry has been known
upwards of 500 yeara: the stone is obtained in blocks
45 feet long, 20 feet brood, and Id feet thick, each block
weighing about 1000 tons.
[The Bramley Fall stone is a light ferruginous brown
sandstone, with an argillo-calcareous cement and very
little mica. It weighs 142 lbs. 3 os. to the cubic foot. —
D. T. A.]
183 Wauh, John, Executors of, Leede — Proprietors,
Sandstone, from the millstone grit series, used for
docks, bridges, looks, engine beds, &o.
Pottemewton stone, used for landings, sills, &o.
184 Price, J., High Street, Oateshead, Newo<utle-upon' ■
Tyne — Proprietor and Inventor.
Freestone, from a quarry in Oateshead, used for build>
ing furnaces for glass-houses.
185
Orisseix, Thomas, 11 New Palace Yard,
Westminster — Producer.
1. Specimen of magnesiau lime stone, used in the con-
struction of the New Houses of Parliament, Westminster,
from quarries at Anston, in Yorkshire, belonging to the
exhibitor, on the estate of the Duke of Leeds.
2. Specimen of this stone, dressed and polished.
Specuuen of the aame atone, forming part of an en-
riched parapet, at the New Houses of Pai-liament, West-
minster,
[The mogneaian limestone used in the outside work of
the Houses of Parliament was aelected on the recom-
mendation of a Royal Commission, and after careful
examination, as the finest available material to be ob-
tained. It is a compact semi-crystalline rock, consisting of
nearly equal proportions of carbonate of lime and car-
bonate of magnesia. It is of uniform and elaborate hard-
ness; not very costly, either to obtain or work; weathers
well, and of good colour, and is remarkable for its power
of resisting compression. It is much heavier than most
limestones, weighing upwards of 150 lbs. to the cubic
foot.— D. T. A.J
186 Townsend, Richard, Clearwell, near Afcnmouth —
Producer.
Forest stone for steps, coping, &c.
Ashlar blocks for paving, gi-ave stones, wharf walls, and
all kinds of buildings; from the Forest of Dean,
187 Liddlev, Charles, Mansfield — Proprietor.
Twelve-inch cube of magnesian limestone, or dolomite
from the Mansfield Woodhouse Quarries, re-opened 1840,
after a lapse of several centuries, to obtain the supply of
stones for the erection of the new Houses of Parliament at
Westminster. Chemical analysis: — Carbonate of lime,
51*65; carbonate of magnesia, 42-60; silica, 3*70; water
and loss, 2-05. The d^ris is largely used for the pro-
duction of carbonic acid gas and Epsom salts.
White calcareous sandstone. Cbemicol analysis : — Silica,
51 '40; carbonate of lime, 26*50; carbonate of magnesia,
17*98; iron alumina, 1*32; water and loss, 2*08.
Red calcareous sandstone. Chemical analysis : — Silica,
49*4; carbonate of lime, 26*5; carbonate of magnesia, 16*1;
iron alumina, 5*2; water and loss, 2*8. From quarries
which have been in work for four hundred years.
These two sandstones are the connecting link between
the magnesian limestone and the new red sandstone for-
mations, partaking of the characters of both.
[The magnesian limestones, valuable for building piu*-
poses, are chiefly or entirely those which present equal
proportions of carbonate of lime and carbonate of mag-
nesia in a semi-crystalline state. Such stone has a pecu-
liarly pearly lustre when broken, but its colour, when
worked, b light yellowish brown, not changing by expo-
140
CtAss l.-MININO AND MINERAL PRODUCTS.
South Side— Areas S. 1 to S. 27.
rUKlTBD
■UN. Ite ipeoiflo gravity ia very high, the atone weighing
upwarda of 150 Iba. the cubic foot. The coheaive power
ia very great, and hardly rivalled by any Umeatone. —
D. T. A.]
188 Stocks, Micbaki., SAebchn Hall, near Ilalifax —
Proprietor.
Speoimena of aahlar buildingatone, ftrom the Shebden-
head quarriea, near Halifax. The aeam from which the
apeoimena are obtained ia between the loweat, or "Halifax
beda," and the " Lowmoor beda " of coal; and between
the loweat of the latter, or " better bed" coal, and the
Northowram flag-atone. The Halifax beds of coal imme-
diately overlie the millatone giit.
[The ooal grita of Yorkahire aupply a very good build-
ing material, well adapted for local purpoaes. Where
there is not too large a proportion of organic impuritiea,
the aandatonea of the coal measures may often be de-
pended on; but there ia apt to be a want of cementing
ingredienta to bind the aand and gritty particlea toge*
ther.— D. T. A.]
189 Bell, John, 25 Btiokiiuiham Place, Fitxroy Square —
Designer and Manufacturer.
Specimen of oolitic limestone, from the Oreton Bank
Worka, Stottesdeu, Cleobury Mortimer, Shropshire.
Chiselled, sanded, grounded, and polished marble,
adapted for columns, pedostalB, fto.
190 Clark, Georoe Hocstoun, BotherMthe — Agent.
Specimen of Devon Haytor granite, from the quarries of
the Duke of Someraet, Haytor Rocks, South Devon.
Blocks of the largest dimensions can be produced from
these quarries. London Bridge, Fishmongers' Hall, the
columns in Qeorge IV.'a Library, British Muaeum, part
of Totliill Fielda Prison, and the pillars to the gates of
Christ's Hospital, are all of this granite.
Speoimena of Bramley Fall atone, from the Fair Head
quarriea, Yorkahire, and ft^m the quarriea at Marshtdl
Meadowa, Berwiok-on-Tweed.
Specimen of Spaniah marble, poliahed.
190a Smith, Charles— Producer.
Specimen of oolite limestone and blue granite.
191 WiixiANS, WuxiAM, 1 Wellinriton Street, Cardiff,
Wales — Proprietor.
F^stone from the Quarrella quarry, near Bridgend,
Olamorgansliire. It coutuns 99 per cent, of silica. Spe-
cific gravity, 2-288.
192 SBTMonR, Zechariah, Street, near Glastonbury —
Producer.
Model of a flight of stone steps cut from the blue lias
stone, and specimens of workmanship.
193
Porphyritic granite from Wexford.
194 Jennings, Benjamin, Hereford — Proprietor.
Specimen of sandstone, from the Three Elms quarries,
near Hereford. Exhibited on account of its strength
and durability: it ia said to atand equally well on its
edge or on ita bed; and to be auitable for cider-mills,
sea-walls, railway purposes, &c.
195 CcMMiNO, Rev. Joseph Oeoroe, Castletown, Isle of
Man — Producer.
Black flagstone (Posidonia schist), from Poolvosh, Isle
of Man. Ebtported from Castletown. The quarries have
been wrought upwards of 200 years. The steps of St,
Paul's Cathedral are from these quarries: they were pre-
sented by Bishop Thomas Wilson. Used largely for
flooring, chimney-pieces, tomb-stones, and, as suggested
by the exhibitor, inlaid with a red composition to imitate
encaustic tilea. Ekiaily and economically wrought.
Orey marble (encrinital and shelly limeatone), from
Poolvaah, Exported from Caatletown. Uaed for table*
and chimney omanienta.
Black marble jjlower carboniferous limeatone), from Port
St. Mary, Isle of Man. It ia hard and durable, and takea
a good natural poliah; raised in blocka and flags of great
aize. Uaed for piers, flooriuga, tomb-stones, and burnt
into a strong lime.
Spaniah-head flagatone (clay achiat). It ia exported
from Port St. Marv, uaed for lintels and gate-posts, and
in ancient times for Runic monuments, and is durable
and slightly elastic in thin flags, and can be raised in
squares of 16 feet each way.
Peel freestone (old red sandstone), from Cniig Mallin,
Isle of Man. Exported from Peel. A large portion of
Peel Cathedral was built of it in 1226.
Oranite, from South Barrule, Isle of Man. Quarriea
lately opened, and the church of St. John built from
them. Old fonts on the island, were formed fh>m boulders
of this granite. Ebcported from Douglas, Peel, and Cutle-
town.
Porphyritii- greenatone, from Langness, Isle of Man.
Good road uuiterial. May be obtained and shipped in any
quantity at Derby haven.
Hwmatite. Iron ore fh>m the glebe vein, Maughold,
Isle of Man. Exported from Ramsey.
All the quarriea on the ialand belong to the Crown.
[The different building and road materiala, above re-
ferred to, will be found to preaent some rocks of con-
siderable interest, hitherto little used for economic pur-
poses. The marbles and other calcareous rocks are all
fW>m the carboniferous limeatone, and entirely confined
to the aouthem extremity of the island, near Castletown,
where they occupy about 16 square miles, for the most
part covered by tertiary gravel. The sandstones, schists,
and granites are more abundant, but less valuable.
Of the calcareous rocks, the black flagstones of Poolvash
contain much carbon and some argillaceous matter, and
are very durable. The different marbles have the same
properties as the carboniferous limestones of Derbyshire;
and the porphyritic rocks are generally of good qucJity, •
D. T. A.]
196
Stones used at Liverpool for building purposes.
197 Powell, Frederick, Knaresbororyh, Yorhshire —
Collector.
Building stones, from quarries in the immediate vicinity
of Knaresborough.
197a Raynes, Lupton, & Co., Xire/yoo/— Producers.
Specimen of limestone for lithographing from Pentre-
gwyddel, near Abergale.
198 Carnegie, W. F., Lindsay, Kinblelhinont, Arbroath —
Proprietor and Manufacturer.
Flagstones, rough and planed, from Leysmill Quarries,
Forfarshire, and freestone from Border Quarries, the
property of the exhibitor.
Flagstone, rough and planed, from Lord Ponmure's
quarries at Carmyllie, and freestone trota Lochee Quar-
ries, belonging to the Harbour Commissioners of Dundee,
of which the haibour and dock ore constructed.
Flagstone from Balgavies Quarries, belonging to Mr.
Baxter, of Ellangowan. Flagstone, rough and planed,
from Balmashanner Quarries, belonging to Mr. Watson
Camegy, of Lower.
Old red sandstone shale, or stone-clay, and brick and
tile from the same, manufivctured by the exhibitor.
Flagstone from Gaynd Quarries, belonging to Mr.
Pierson.
All these flagstones are generally exported from Ar-
broath, and are known as " Arbroath Pavement."
KnoDOH.]
Clam l.-MININa AND MINKRAL PRODUCTS.
RouTH SiDi — Arbab S. 1 to B. 27.
141
199 LoMO, W.— Producer.
Floga fW>m Ciounty OUtt.
200 Hiu, J., C.E.— Produoar.
Building materikl flrom Kilruah.
201 Tatu>m, John, Stcim/ord— Produoer.
Marble, MUtditonee, ilate, limestone, &o., all obtained
within aiz or Mven miles of Stamford.
202 PowKiX, W. J., TMury, near Jlindon, Wiltt—
Producer.
Varieties of hard and soft building atone, (torn Tiabuiy.
The hard from Chiolugrove quarry, 20 feet below the
surface, forming part of the Portland bed. The (oft
from Tuokermill quarry, 5 feet deep. The hard is used
for steps, pavements, tablets, monuments, &o. The soft,
for fronta of houses, oomicds, and general building pur-
poses. Both are adapted for resisting the influence of
the weather.
A fish from the oolite formation at Tisbury.
Specimen of part of a fossil tree from Tisbury, found
in an excellent state of preservation in the oolite for-
mation.
203 Dbiveb, William, 4 Lyon's Inn, Strand—
Producer.
Specimens from the Chevin atone quarry, Otiey, York-
shire.
204 Thx Lusees of the Stanhope LiMEBToms
QuARBiEB— Proprieton.
Polished specimens of the cookie strata in the car-
boniferous limestone; from Weardale in the county of
Durham.
Specimen of the same in the rough stata.
The lime manufactured from tnis stone is valuable
as an agricultural manure. It is lued as a flux in smelt-
ing iron ore; also for purifying gas; for tanning, and for
other chemical purposes. The analysis is aa follows,
viz.: —
Carbonate of lime . . 95- 1
Carbonate of magnesia 2 ■ 5
Earthy matter. . . 1'3
Besiduum .... I'l
100-0
205
Slab of sawn slate, from Qlanmore, county Wicklow,
Ireland.
206 Sinclair, J., Forie, Thurso, Scotland —
Manufacturer.
Slab of paving stone, from Forse Rociv Hill Quarries.
(Set Outside, No. 13.)
207 RoTAL Dublin Society — Pro« luer.
Specimens of Valencia flogs.
208 Dawbabn & Co.— Producers.
Manufactured slate.
209 Stiklino, Thomas, jun., BeMdcre Hood, Lambeth
— Designer, Inventor, and Manufacturer.
Slate cabinet, illustrating the applicability of slate
to the formation of strong-rooms, powder-magazines,
larders, venison -houses, partitions to rooms, water-
closets, &o. The covering of the cabinet is formed by
the bottom of a slate cistern, consisting of slabs of slate
secured together in pcmels by a method invented by the
exhibitor. The same method is also applicable to the
coveiing of the roofs of mansions with slate.
Slate is adapted for use in fitting up the floors and
compartmenta of public baths and wash-houses : and
for stables, being applicable to mangers, stall divisions,
linings, floors, and drains. It is also adapted for bal-
conies, larders, wine-cellars, dairies, and various other
purposes.
Articles exhibited in the cabinet, fto., and in g«n«ral
use: —
Patent self-acting filter on it«nd. Filter, whieh can
be supplied bv hand or made aelf-aotiiw. Small slat*
cistern. Pickling trough. Samples of aUte roll ridge ;
common aaddle-baok alato ridge. Sunk channel in slate.
Solid slate sink. Slate sink constructed of five pieces.
Washing-basin for water-closet, Ac. Ornamental loo-
table tep. Sofa and side-table ornamental tops. Chess,
or ladies' work-table tops. Inkstand, water-closet
supply box for slate dstem. Waste, union screw, and
drawing-oif tap for slate cistern. Samples of various
nails and screws used in slate work. Half of roof covered
with Delabole slab slates. Specimen of Bangor slab
slating.
Specimens of roofii oovered wHh imperial slates ftnm
the Bangor quarries ; rag slates from the old Delabole
quarry ; rag slates and green rag slates from Llanberia
quarry ; red duchoss slates with three green slate dia-
monds ; slates from Featiniog quarries, as cut by Mathews*
patent cutting machine ; open space new quarry duchess
slates from Lunberis ouarry ; imperial slates firom Aber-
dovey quarries, near Maohvnlleth.
Slate bed-room and dining-room chimney-pieces, from
old Delabole Quarries — in inutation of marble.
Carved head-stone ; cut clock face.
[The collection of slates referred to in the above
description is calculated to give an idea of the best
qualities introduced into the London market, with the
kind of use to which most of them are applied. The
chief localities are Cornwall (Delabole), Wales (Fes-
tiniog, Penrhyn, Llanberis, &c.), Lancashire, and West-
moreland. The Delabole is especially adapted for church
and other roofs, and has been much used for this pur-
pose.
The slates, lettered A, are from the great quarries at
Penrhyn, and shipped at Bangor. These qtiarrieshaveas
many as 10 levels, and employ upwards of 2,000 persons.
Those marked B, are firom Llanberis ; C, ttota the Dorothea
Slate Company's quaiTies, near Carnarvon; D, E, fh)m
quarries at Festiniog, shipped at Port Madoe; F, Q, from
near Machynlleth, North Wales, shipped at Aberdovey;
H, from Delabole, Cornwall, shipped at Padstow; I, E,
L, M, fr«m near Ulverstone, in Lancashire, including
some of the Westmoreland qiuuTies, and shipped at
Ulverstone.
The present consumption of slate in London is to the
extent of from 30,000 to 40,000 tons per annum. One
third of this quantity is in slabs, and the rest in roofing-
slates, which are in nine sizes, called respectively " ladies,"
"countesses" (3 sizes), "duchesses" (2 sizes), "queens,"
"rags," and "imperials." From "ladies" (16 incues
by 8) to "duchesses" (24 by 12), the slates are sold
per thousand (of 1,200 slates), but above that size by the
ton. The "ladies " weigh 25 cwta. the 1,200 slates, and
the " duchesses " 3 tons. The regular-sized slabs vary
from 1 to 6 feet in length, and 1 to 3 feet in breadth. A
large quantity of slate slabs is now used for ornamental
purposes. — D. T. A.]
210 Qreavbs, John W., Port Madoo, Carnarvon,
Wales — Proprietor.
Slabs and slates from the quarry at Festiniog, with
tools used in manufacturing the same. Blue lins lune.
[Slate is extensively used in slabs for water cisterns
and for covering roofs of slight inclination. For both
these purposes it is jointed, and the jointa are made with
a cement, aided, as roof covering, by tongues in the jointa
and by covering filleto. But the most extensive employ-
ment of slate is for roof covering, in the form known
familiarly as slates. Slates are rent and dressed to sizes,
and laid to lap nad bond. Jointed slating is apt to fail
[!•]
[Official Illubtiiated Catalogue.]
141
OI.AM 1.— MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS.
8nuTH SiDi— Abkab S. 1 to H. 27.
[UwniD
from th* Mpuwion and oontnuition of the maUrial,
wbilit Upfwd and bonded eUting edapU Itaelf to move-
ment from ohangee of temperature or otherwise, without
aajr derangement that oan lead to fitUure. — W. H.]
211 BaiADAUUMB, llarquia of, Taymouth, Aberfeldy,
i'*rM— Producer.
Slatea Arom the quarriee of Eaedale, ko., in Argyll-
■hire.
[The Eaailale and other ilate quarries of Argyllshire
which have been worked for upwards of three centuries,
employ about !100 men and boys, and export about
10,000,000 of slates annually, in about 3()0 vessels. The
slatea are not obtained generally In very large slabs, but
most of the quarries supply a fair proportion of the larger
kinds, used for roofing, and measuring 2 foet by 12
inches (Duchesses). They are worked in Ensdale, Seil,
and other small islands of clay slate, a little south of
Oban, and near the large island of Jura. The quarries
are of various dimensions; that of Ellenabeioh being .100
feet long, 100 feet deep, and ISO feet broad, the quality
improving in the depth. The other quarries are smaller;
but those of Easdale are very valuable, and the quality
excellent. The stratification of the beds of slate rocks
is very much disturbed ; but the cleavage is invariable,
running N.E. and S.W., and dipping SO*.— D. T. A.]
212 LiMsnicK Local Committee — Producer.
Roofing slates. These slates are fW>m the Imperial
Company^!) quarries near Killaloe; and, from their great
duraoility, they have been adopted for use by the Board
of Ordnance in Ireland.
213
Okoror, J., 43 Edjjttare Soad—lnyentor,
Patentee, and Manufacturer.
Model of a dwelling-house; a method of building with
wrought iron and slate slabs, glass, and other materials,
intended to secure stability, durability, and freedom
fW>m damp and vermin, to save space, and improve tem-
perature and ventilation.
Slate manger, vrith double swivel, to prevent crib-biting.
Fencing in slate and iron.
214 Old Dblabole Slate Company (by Jab. Carter),
Citmelford — Proprietors .
Specimen of Dave/s patent ndge slate.
Slate slab, used for flooring, landings, cisterns, &o.
Roofing slates.
[The magnificent quarries of Delabole have been opened
for at least three centuries, and have supplied a large
quantity of excellent slate. They are worked in the Devo-
nian slates, near Tintagel, where they are chiefly shipped.
The quality is good, combining lightness with strength,
and resisting exposure perfectly.
This slate is used not only for roofing, but also in large
slabs for N'arious purposes. — D. T. A.]
215 Williams, D., /^anj/or— Producer.
Patent slate ridges and hip, from Bangor, Wales.
217 Cadbll, Henrt, Dalkeith, Scotland— VroAvicet.
Coal from Dalkeith Colliery, as a specimen of the'
general coal-field of Midlothian, with section showing the
strata in the coal-field at a depth of 523 fathoms.
Steelyard, with improvements.
[ The Midlothian coal - field is not very distinctly
bounded, but contains some kinds of coal much esteemed
for household use. It is estimated that the district con-
tains in all, 24 distinct seams, having a total thickness of
91 feet of eoal.^D. T. A.]
218
Prnnocr, Tioar, ft Co., OrvM Hill Wurh$,
Btvtrlei/, and ffn//— Manufhoturers.
Stucco paint to be used in oil or water. Beverley Cliff
stone, or pure Paris white. Sulphate of barytes from
Yorkshire stone. Prepared Yorkshire carbonate of
barytes. Beverley Cliff-stone, or carbonate of lime.
Yorkshire sulphate of barytes.
210 HcMTBR, L.— Producer.
Model of a coal mine.
220 Lanodalb, David, A'<itn6Mn;A— Mining Engbeer.
Six sections of the Scotch coal field, from the upper
red sandstone, to the carboniferous limestone, with spe>
cimens of the coals and ironstones of Fifaahira and
Ayrshire.
221 BiTDMiNoua Shale Compant, 145 Upper Tkatnet
Street, and Warehfim, Dorset — Manufacturer and
Producer.
Specimen of bituminous shale, known as the Kim-
meridge coal, obtained fb>m the cliffb at Kimmeridge, in
the isle of Purbeck, in the county of Dorset. The quarries
were opened in August, 1849. It is a combination of
bitumen with clay, and from it are obtained, by dis-
tillation, volatile mineral oil, grease, asphaltuin, and
manure—specimens of each of which are eiuiibited.
[Bituminous schists or shale are not confined to any
peculiar geological or topographical limits, and are pro-
bably, in most cases, the result of the decomposition of
large quantities of animal remains.
The Kimmeridge coal is of high specific gravity (1 ' 319),
of dark-brown colour, and without lustre ; it effervesces
slightly with acids, and bums readily with a yellowish,
rather smoky, and heavy flame. It is a very local de-
posit.—D. T. A.]
222 Cahill, M., Ballyoonra Ifotue, County Kilkenny,
Ireland — Producer.
Peat charcoal, for deodoriadng, mixing with manure,
smelting, &c. ; manufactured in Urlingford Bog, county
Kilkenny.
223 Turner, Samuel, Orchard Place, Eatt India Docha —
Manufacturer.
Coal, and products of its distillation.
Products from caoutchouc and from wood.
[A number of highly remarkable and peculiar nub-
stonces arise from the distillation of coal, caoutchouc,
and wood. Coal yields, in addition to illuminative
gaseous products, various volatile oils, tar, ammonia in
several forms, and a complex number of singular chemical
substances in a state of vapour, or fluid. Caoutchouc
yields a volatile oil in which it is itself soluble, and is
largely distilled for the sake of this product, which ia
used in caoutchouc solutions and varnishes. Wood
yields an inflammable fluid called wood spirit, and an
impure acetic acid, and tar. — R. £.]
224 AzuLAT, DoNDT, Rotherhithe — Producer.
Patent artificial fuel, made of ooal dust by pressure,
without the admixture of any other substance.
Coal-dust prepared for pressing.
Charcoal made of refuse tan, by extracting pyroligneous
acid, tar, &c., from refuse matters.
[The immense compression obtained by the hydraulic
press, has been employed in the arts for producing cohe-
sion between loose particles of vai-ious substances. In the
present instance, the same force is used to unite the sepa-
rate particles of coal dust into a solid mass. A block
of great density is the result of the pressure, — R.-E.]
KniODoii.]
Olak' 1. -mining and mineral products.
SocTH RtDB— Ariai 8. ] TO S. 27.
148
•319),
DevonaUre (Dartiiiuor).
Someneiihir*.
liMioMhire.
FUntohir*.
SootlMid.
Irahuad.
225 OxLAND, Ronmr, Bucklmti SIrttt,
Inrantor and Manufacturer.
A Nriao of iMolniaiM of Dartmoor p«at, and th« pro-
duota obtained by its dwtruotiva diatUlatioB in caat-Iron
retorta. Tha top out of thapaat; the under out; peat
ohaKoal; pyrozylic apirit; onloroform made trova it;
peatine; heavy oil; parafflne; tar; acetate of lime; lul-
phate of ammonia; and aolution of oaoutohouo in peatine.
226 Ltom k Co., SuMtiuta — Produoem.
Two brioka of patent fViel.
227 Etani, Qioiioi, 0, John Strtrt, AdelpM—
Producer.
Speoimena of peat, and ite produota, treated under
Stone'a patent prooeaaea, by the exhibitor.
P*at$ and Ckarp*at$,
LoMlttiw wbmea Obtained. PropiMan ofthe Laadi.
H. R. H. the F^oe of Walea.
Waring, Eaq.
Lord Burlington,
Sir John Hanmer.
Lord WiUouKhby de Ereaby .
Colonel Chatterton.
Patent oompound peat ookea, light and denae.
Patent oompound mel, anthracite and peat oharooal.
Ammoniaoal liquor; watery product of the flrat diatU-
lation firom peat.
Sulphate of ammonia; liquid ammonia; aeetate of lime;
and pyroligneoua acid.
Paranaphthadipoae; the general crude product of the
first diatillation from peat.
Peatole; the heavy oil from paranaphthadipose, flrat
diatillation; the aama rectified.
Peatine, the peat ttom paranaphthadipoae.
Peupione,thelightfatty oil of peatobtained from peatole.
Adipoaole, fattv part of the reaidue of the diatillation
of paranaphthadipoae.
Peatpitoh, pitch-like part of the reaidue of the distilla-
tion of paranaphthadipoae.
Adipoleln, reaidue after the distillation of peatole and
peatine.
Peacerine; waxy residuum of re-diatillation of adi-
poaole.
Parafflne, product of the forced diatillation of adipoaole.
Biaulphuret of carbon, or spirit of sulphur, obtained
firom sulphur and oharpeat.
Sulphuretted peat charcoal, after having served to
carbonise the spirit of sulphur (fit for making gunpowder).
Humio aoid. Peat umber, obtained from certain peats.
Panel of oak, graining with peat umber. Panel of
rosewood, graining wHh peat ulmine.
■ Peat blue; peat- varnish; and peacerine heel-balls.
Huminate :-— Stone'a patent manurea. Peat fire-lighters
and revivers; peat plate powder.
Biffeating and mixing chum uaed in the preparation of
the oila, &o., with proapeotiu.
Specimen of black oak from the Flintahire Fen's moss;
and of larch from the same. Laths rent from these.
Specimens of lichens and moases (Sphagna, &o.) con-
cerned in the formation of peat.
228 CoDBOLD, Edward, 1 Hicfh Street, Kensington—
Inventor and Producer.
Peat, condenaed without pressure.
Various produota obtained from peat.
[The method adopted by the preaent exhibitor to pre-
pare peat for economic use aa fuel ia altogether different
from that adopted generally. He mixea the peat with a
large quantity of water, reducing it to an impalpable
mud, and then, by getting rid of the water, obtains a
compact mass of considerable density. The mechanical
means adopted are simple, and take advantage of centri-
fugal force— the water being thrown off during rapid
revolution.— D. T. A.]
220 SKvaasL Aiphaltb Compant— Producer.
Raw material, and various produota of asphalte.
230
Patbht Ful Compant, IS St. Vary A**—
Maaufruiturer.
Specimena of Warlioh'a p«Unt fiiel, oonaiating of the
following aeriea,— Welah ataam Aiel, manufactured at
Swanaea; North oountry fUel, manuAwtured at Middlea*
borough-on-Teea ; houaehold ftiel, manulkotured at Ttv^-
ford, from North oountry coal ; and locomotive coke fuel,
manuflwtured at Swanaea; with aamplea of the tar and
coal uied in the manufacture.
[Warlioh'a patent fuel oonaiata of bricks meaauring 9
inchea by 6} and 5, and weighing about 12 Iba. They are
dense and well made, require breaking before use, and
when burning, give off little amoke, but they take aome
time to light. They contain carbon 00-02, hydrogen
S-.'iO, aulphur 1-62, aah 2-91. They are made of the duat
of various kinds of coal mixed up with bitumic ua matter,
and partly charred. The above analysis has reference to
those manufiiotured of Welsh coal. — D. T. A,]
231 Great Pbat-workimo Compant oi' Ireland,
OJficet, 1 Agar Street, Strand— 'Prodwser.
Samples of their condensed peat, prepared by Owynno
and Hay's patent.
232 Parsonb, J., 2 Wharf, Eagle Wharf Road, Neu>
North i?oaa— Producer.
Two blocks of the patent fuel, and a number of fir*
revivers.
233 FiTZOERALD, Rev. Ricbard, Ctare Vein Tai^rt,
Coimty Kerry, Ireland — Producer.
Small specimen of peat in its natural state.
240 RooEBfl, Jaspeu W., 88 St, lament Street—
Inventor and Patentee.
Peat-fUel and peat-charooal, made from peat moss, or
sphagnum, produced from the peat or turf bo^ of Ireland
(which extend over 3,000,000 acres): known m France as
"tourbe." Peat-fuels.
Peat charcoal powder, for refiners and pyrotechnists,
and for medical purpoaea.
Oranulated peat charcoal, for aanitary (uea, in deodo-
rization, &c.
Peat charcoal manure, composed of equal parts of gra-
nulated peat charcoal and sewage matter.
Specimens of peat mosa, taken from the bog of Allen,
Ii'eland.
241 Ansted, D. T., Professor, Kin^s College, London,
— Proprietor.
Diagram of a group of coal plants.
242 The Bidefoed Anthracite Mining Company.
Maxwell, John (Goodman, Chairman, Bideford,
Devon — Producer.
Anthracite coal, used for drying malt, lime-burning, &e.
Compressed fuel, moulded in blocks.
Mineral black paint, in powder, and mixed with oil or
coal tar: mixed with the latter article, it is aaid to
form a cheap, durable, and preservative varnish; appli-
cable to shipping, out-buildings, &c.
' [The Bideford anthracite occurs in certain rocks of the
carboniferous system, occupying a considerable portion of
the county of Devon, and generally called the culmiferous
aeries. The beds have been worked for upwards of a
century, producing a moderate quantity of coal; but the
workings are not likely to be greatly extended. The
thickness is very variable, averaging as much as seven feet,
but sometimes diminishing to a few inches, and sometimes
being 12 or 14 feet. To the depth of 8 or 10 fathoms it
M 2
144
CtAM L—MININO AMD MINERAL PRODUCTS.
South Sidb— AaaAt S. 1 to B. 27.
[UxiTio
liM b^on gtmnlljr ramorad by old minan by m«MM of
•dit Urela, but ■h«fl« Imv» boon ■uok mon NMOtly.
Th« pigment referred to U • variety of the anthrMite,
probably formed by deoompoeed parte of it, and haabeeu
rouo&ueed. -D. T. A.]
243 Maluet, RonoiT, C.B.— Producer.
Anthracite coal firom Caatleoomer, Ireland.
244 Baoot, Cbas., 19 Charltmont Flam, Irtlami—
Producer.
Specimen of turf, or peat. The products of turf are tar
and a watery liouor; the former diviaible into parafflne,
hcaTy oil and light oil: the latter containing ammonia,
carbonic acid, acetic and pyroligneoua acid, and pyroxylic.
The gaeeou* products are, carbonic acid, oxygen, hydro-
gen, and nitrogen. 100 tone of peat ore laid to give 10,000
gallon* of liquor, 1,000 gallon* of tar, (i,a<]0 feet of Inflam-
mable gaa. The 1,000 gallone of liquor alford one ton of
sulphate of ammonia, suffloient acetic noid to give 13
cwts. of grey acetate of lime, and 53 gallons of pyroxylic
spirit. The tar yields .HOO tons of pan^ne, 300 gallons of
light hydro-carbonootious oil, ana 100 gallons of more
dense and heavy oil.
Anthracite, or stone coal, from the coal-fields of Kil-
kenny, county Tipperary, on the estate of Ambrose
Qoring, Esq., of Ballyphillip.
[The Kilkenny coal district includes a series of basins,
or troughs, separated into three or four parts by carboni-
ferous limestone. The strata are sandstones and shales,
with fire-clay and several workable beds of anthracitic
coal. The portion in the county of Tipperary extends
for about 30 miles in length by 0 in breadth in the widest
part. The beds ore inclined at a high angle and undulate,
the coal being worked by shafts to the centre or deepest
part of the trough, and then upwards on both sides.
There are only three beds in this district; two of them 2
feet each, and the other 9 inches. It is estimated by Sir
R. Kane that QO.OOO tons per annum are raised. The coal
is considered tu be of fair quality. It yields from 3 to 8
or 10 per cent, of red ash, and contains 9 or 10 percent,
of volatile matter.— D. T. A.]
246
Specimen of bituminous coni from the Coal Island
Mine, county Tyrone, Ireland.
246
Specimen of Irish coal, iron, copper, and lead ores.
247 Butler, Joseph Lawrence, Liverpool —
Proprietor.
Specimens of coal, cannel-coal, and coke, from different
seams, worked by the Moss Hall Cool Company, at Inoe,
near Wigon.
248 O'Btbne, WnxiAM Charles, 7 Montague Street,
Portinan Square — Proprietor.
Specimen of the exhibitor's Slievardagh cool.
[Slievordagb is in the county Tipperary, which contains
a coal-field about 20 miles long, and 6 miles broad at the
widest part; the coals lying in deep troughs, and consist-
ing of three beds, one nine inches, and the others two feet
deep. It was estimated by Sir R. Kane that 50,000 tons
of cools per annum had been worked from this district up
to the year 1845.— D. T. A.]
249 BcssKLL, James, & Son, Bathgate, Stirling—
Producers.
Specimen of cannel or gas coal, from Boghead, near
Bathgate, Scotland, chiefly used for the production of
gas, of which it yields 13,500 cubic feet per ton; the
specific gravity being -775.
Chips of this coal are found to be so inflammable that,
being lighted at a taper, they bum like a piece of wood.
2M Wtlam'i PATwrr Pvii. Compamv— Producer.
Patent fUel.
353 POWBX, TaoMAi, Oa*r, nttr Kttifort, MonmoiaK'
$Aire — Proprietor.
Speoimen of Dulfryn steam coal, raised at Aberdare
in Olamorganshire, and exported at Cardiff; stated to
be well adapted for steam nwrine purposes.
Speoimen of bituminous coal from the Monythusloyne
vein, raised at Lispentwyn, Monmouthshire; adapted for
household <nd smithy purposes.
Model of the apparatus used for the shipment of coals
fIrom boats or waggons at Cardiff dock, worked by a high-
pressure steam-engine, and enabling vessels to ship 400
Ions per day.
[The great coal-field of South Wales, presenting nearly
1,000 square mile* of productive coal area, and divided
into an anthraoitic and bituminous portion, yields also,
and abundantly, that intermediate semi-bituminous Ya<
riety, called steam-coal, of which the above and some
others are well known, and adapted for general use
in the Steam Navy. The Duffryn steam coal is rather
soft, free-burning, bums cleanly, without smoke, does
not cake, and leaves a little white xxh. It* specific gra*
vity is 1 ■ .S26. It yields 84 ■ 3 per cent, of coke, and con-
tains—carbon, 8fc 26; hydrogen, 4*60; nitrogen, 1'4S;
oxygen, 0-60; sulphur, 1-77; ash, 3-26. Its relative
calorific value (carbon being unity) is 87 ' 7, — D. T. A.]
254 BucKiNORAM, James, 1 3 JiM Place Eati, Sew
Road — Producer and Importer.
Specimens of anthracite from J. P. M. Myers & Co.'s
Bonville's Court Collieries near Tenby, Pembrokeshire,
South Wales, which have been worked 25 Tears. This
anthracite hai a crystallised structure, ignites quickly,
and requires no stoking; it makes no clinkers or smoke,
and evaporates one-fifth more water than the best coke.
It is uninjured by exposure to weather, having no
pyrites.
A fuel is manuihctured into blocks firom the small coal
(culm) of this anthracite, which bums readily without
smoke, and gives great heat.
The anthracite is composed of-
Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
94-18
2'99
•76
Sulphur .
Nitrogen .
Ash . .
Its specific gravity is 1 -41 19.
0-59
050
0-98
255
Barrow, Richard, Statelei/ Works, near
Chesterfield, Derbi/Mre.
Coal, from the mines at Staveley, in the county of
Derby, which belong to the Duke of Devonshire. This
block of coal, 17 ft. 6 in. long, 6 ft. wide and 4 ft. thick,
was raised from a shaft 450 feet deep. The coal is 6 ft.
thick, and is valued for its cohesive strength and power
of combustion, being in general use for steam-boats.
Three small pieces of cool, out with a saw, from the
same mine, intended to exhibit its utility as ballast, or
for stowage in steam ships going long voyages. It is
extensively used in the manufacture of iron.
[A gigantic specimen of this coal is placed outside the
Exhibition Building. The southern part of the great central
coitl -field of South Yorkshire, and the adjoining counties of
Derbyshire and Nottinghamshire, is now much worked,
and contains several valuable beds of coal, and rapidly
entering into general use. The pits are from 300 to 500
feet deep.— D. T. A.]
258 Jokes, Sells, k Co., 55 Banktide, Southwark
— Agents for the Proprietors.
A block and pieces of anthracite from the Owaun Cos
Ourwen Colliery, near Llanelly, South Wales; particularly
KlKODOM.]
Olam 1.— Uinino akd mineral products.
South 8idi— Amai S. 1 to B. 27.
145
•daptad for um in kiliM, in th« mmulWetur* of malt, Mid
in drring ooro. It ii »1m kdaptod for um in oIom stovMi,
b«k«nouMt, Mid wh«r«vtr obMrooal ia uaad for hMting or
oooking, M it buma without amolia or aoot. Th« aeam
(k«ni whiab tba blook ia takm la 4 fact 6 inobaa tbiok.
259 LiAKOWCTCM Coal Compant, Port of Ihmtlly, Snuth
Walt*, ^ 6 Cnal Eji Siinfft — Produoar.
Spaoimana of fraa-buming, amokaleaa, ataMU coal, fW>m
tba Llangannaoh oolllary,
[Tha Llangannaoh ooal ia dull, aofi, and flbroua, with
irragular fkvotura, burning to a rad aah, and waighing
naMrly 57 Iba. to tba onbie foot. It oontaina— oarbon,
8a-46; hydrogan, i-20 ; nitrogan, 1 -07 ; aulpbur, 0-29; osy-
gan, 3-44 ; and aah, 6-54. Lika othar aami-bituminoua
ooola, it buma without much amoke, and ia thcrafora
adaptad for una in tha Steam Navy.— D. T. A.]
200 WxaxBRN Oaslioht Compant, 9 HolUt Struct,
Cmendiik Squart — Producar.
Spaoimana of tha Nawoaatle oannel coal, from whloh
tha gaa auppliad by the Waatam Oaallght Company to
tha building of the Oreat Exhibition ia made.
SpaoimMna of the oannel coke, produced in the manu-
facture.
261 Atumion, John, Cule/ord, Olouceater—Trodnetr.
A complete aet of ipeoimena of the workable aeams of
coal and veina of iron ore, from the Forest of Dean,
placed in comportments, showing the name and thioknesa
of each, and also the name of the works from which they
ore produced; with two sections of the minuial b<i.-in,
illustrative of the same. The case which oontaina the
minerals is a specimen of the oak of Dean Forest.
[Tha Foreat of Dean coal-field ia understood to occupy
about 45 square miles; the total thickness of the deposits
being about 3,000 feet, of which there ia a thickness of
52 feet of coal distributed in 28 seams. It is remarkable
for the great regularity of the deposits over a large part
of the area, the beds dipping steadily towards the middle
of the basin, and the millstone-grit rising and surround-
ing it. There is, however, an extensive and remarkable
fault crossing the field. The workable seams of the dis-
trict are in three groups, the lowest of which have not
yet been much worked, except near their outcrop, where
they are reached by levels driven from the hill side.
Some parts of the thicker seams meamire as much as 12
feet.— D. T. A.]
262 Day & Twibell, .8ams/«y— Proprietors.
A column of coal, three feet square at the base, showing
the entire thickness, and all the different qualities of the
seams or beds which are found together, and generally
known by the name of the Bamsley thick coal, from the
Mount Osbomo Collieries, Bamsley, Yorkshire. About
two-thirds of the entire bed or stratum produce house-
fire cool, and one-third, coal for steaming, iron-smelting,
&c.
263 PncLD, Coopers, & Fadlds, Worsbro' Dale,
Bamsley — Proprietors.
Silkstone Main house coal, from the Silkstone bed —
thickness of bed 5 feet 6 inches.
Worsbro' Park hard or steam coal, and soft or house
coal, from the Bamsley 10-fcet bed.
[The Bamsley coal is obtained from part of the great
central coal-field of South Yorkshire, Nottingham, and
Derbyshire, a district extending from Leeds tu Notting-
ham, and including as much as 650,000 acres of coal-field.
The qualities of coal obtained are bituminous or house-
hold eoal, staam coal, oannel, and anthraoita, varying
much in quality in cKferaiit looalitiaa. There ara about
13 workable seams, tha total average thiuknaas being
upwards of HO faat, and tha thiokaat aaam is lu feat. Tha
total thioknaaa of tha upper oarboiiifaroua sariaa hara ia
astimatad at about 5.M) yards, Much of the ooal ia
worked on tha long-wall method, and is of good quality,
— D. T. A.]
264 FiRTU, DAnna, ft Co., Oah Colliery, 0>inM/«y—
Produoen.
Coal for staam ships, for converting iron into steal, and
for amaltlng iron.
Coal for domaatlo flra«, from tha Oaks ColUary, Bams>
lay, Yorkshire.
265 CoBT, WiixiAM, ft WiLUAM, Jun., Commtnrial
Houd — Manufacturers.
London-burnt coke, for looomotlva and foundery pur-
poses.
[Coke ia the fixed residuum obtained by burning coal
in enclosed furnaces, and ia generally obtained by tba
complete combuation of the volatile part of the coal,
though large quantities are also produced by the econo-
mical distillation uf coal in the manufacture of common
gas. Coking on a large scale is performed in sots of ovena
or furnaces of peculiar form, each charged every 48 hours
with from 2 to 4 tons of fresh coal, 'i'he dome of the
furnaces being heated (general iy by the heat left since the
previous coking), the coal is lighted from the top by a
wiap of straw, all the iao\» and venti being open, and
when in a state of combustion, the drought is so continued
as to produce a gradual and slow combustion of the whole
mass from above doivnwards, the gases being consumed.
The calcination lasts about 40 hours, and tha coal loses
20 to 25 per cent, of weight, but gains in about the same
proportion in bulk. The texture of coke is peculiar, and
determinaa ita value.]
266 Clarke, Robert Couldwell, the Executora of,
Silkstone, near Bamsley — Producers,
Coal, from the old Silkstone Colliery, near Bamsley,
Yorkshire.
[The column of coal here exhibited is called peacock
or iridescent coal, from the peculiar tints of colour which
it shows, and which appear to be generally tha reault of
some action of water on the surface and between the
natural faces. This tarnish, rare in most collieries,
appears to be particularly abundant in that from
which the above specimens are taken. It is not quite
clear whether it arises from a very thin film of foreign
matter deposited on its surface, or whether the mechani-
cal condition of the surface itself (as in the cose of
mother-of-pearl) produces the appearance of iridescence.
-D. T. A.]
Models of corf, and set of tools, as used by colliers at
work in the mines, and in raising coal from the pita.
267 Nixon, John, & Co., Card)/— Producers.
Mertbyr and Cardiff steam coal, obtained from tha
Werfa colliery near Aberdare and Merthyr Tydvil. This
coal is used for steam purposes, more especially for steam
ships going long voyages. Its weight is 82-29 lbs. per
cubic foot ; its specific gravity 1 ■.') 1 . It is said to produce
verv little smoke. The following is the analysis of this
coal as given in the Second Report of the Commissionera
(Sir H. De la Beche and Dr. Lyon Playfair) appointed by
Ooverament to test the coals svuted to the Steam Navy: —
>^
146
OtABS 1.— MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS.
South Side — Areas S. 1 to S. 27.
[UlOTBD
Carbon 90-27
Hvdrogen 4*12
Nitrogen, with traoea of sulphur . 1'83
Oxygen 2-53
ABb 1-25
lOO-OO
zG8 Ince Haix Coal & Cannel Compant, Wigi
Proprietor.
Cannel coal, with various vaaes, manufaotured of cannel
coal. The cannel coal yields 11 'eTH feet of gas per ton,
which is composed of —
Hydrogen 40-30
Light carburetted hydrogen 33*83
Carbonic acid 11*35
Olefiant gas and divers hydro-carbons . . 8*50
Atmospheric air 4*32
Carbonic oxide and aqueous vapour . . 1*53
Nitrogen 0*19
100-02
Specific gravity of gas . . 6-20
Coke per ton produced 13 cwt. 18 lbs.
Specimens of the Arley and Pemberton coal, sent by the
same exhibitors, will be found in the South Enclosure,
beyond the western extremity of the Building.
[TheWigan coal-field is a portion of that known as the
Lancashire and Cheshire, or Manchester, great coal-field,
which ranges nearly fifty miles in length, with a breadth
of ten miles on an average. The productive coal area is
thus nearly 400,000 acres, and is divided into three prin-
cipal portions, of which the middle one includes the
thick coal seams; and these are worked in various places,
Wigan being not the least important. The principal
coals are a good caking coal (Arley main) and a very
valuable bed of cannel; the former well adapted for
domestic pui-poses, the latter yielding a lat^e quantity of
gas.
The total thickness of the carboniferous deposits is
very considerable; but the number of seams of coal is
large, and the thickness of many of them considerable.
The cannel is of fine quality, and takes a high polish,
as seen in some of the specimens exhibited. — ^D, T. A.]
2cg
Rambat, O. H., Derunmt ffavgh, Neaoattle —
Inventor.
Cannel coal, with carved specimens.
Coke, and sample of coal from which it is made.
Samples of prepared manure, for different crops.
270 Mitchell, Rev. W., A.M., Woo/icfcA— Inventor
and Manufacturer.
Specimen of coal, or bituminous mineral.
Vase, from the same. Pillars, with statues of Her
Majesty and Prince Albert.
Box, for holding postage stamps. Stamp for sealing
letters. Railway or sea chessboard and men. Snuff-box,
as made from raw material. Snuff-boxes, polished.
Box, with bracelets; another with backgammon men; and
one with shirt buttons. Razor and knife hones.
The specimen of coal exhibited has recently been dis-
covered near Edinburgh, and can be applied to the fine
arts. It is of a brownish colour, and ignites with facility :
it does not soil the hands : and it admits of a brilliant
polish.
271 Rlsskll, John, Itiscn, near Newport, Monmoutfithire
— Proprietor.
Specimen of black vein coal, raised at Risca, and ex-
ported at Newport: the vein ranges from 9 to 16 feet in
thickness, and is worked by pits at a depth of 144 yards.
Specimen of Risca rock vein coal : the vein ranges from
4 to 5 feet in thickness, and is worked by pits at a depth
of 100 jrards.
Specimen of new black vein coal, raised at Cwm Tilerjr,
and shipped at Newport; the vein is about 5 feet in thick-
ness, and is worked oy pits at a depth of 130 yards; this
coal is stated to be well adapted for steam vessels.
Argillaceous iron ores from the lower cool measures of
the South Welsh basin, raised at Risca.
Fire-bricks manufactured at Risca.
272 Morgan, Richard, & Sons, Llanelly, Wales —
Producers.
Stone-coal, or anthracite, from Cwm Amman, Llanelly,
Oelly Ceidrim.
273 Coal Trade of Northcmberlano and Ddrbah,
Nevccastle-upon- Ti/ne — Producer.
Map of the coal-field of Durham and Northumberland,
showing the pits and railways, with the faults and other
remarkable interruptions.
Section of the coal-field, from and to given points,
north and south; and a similar section from east to west.
Synopsis of the coal seams, in explanation of the map
and section.
Working plan of a colliery, exhibiting the system of
working and ventilating the coal mines.
Various specimens of household, coking, manufactur-
ing, and cannel coal.
Specimens of coal from the carboniferous limestone
formation of Northumberland.
Specimens of the strata and rocks of the coal formation.
Specimens of the strata and rocks of the carboniferous
limestone formation.
Specimens of coke.
Safety lamps, used in the Durham and Northumber-
land colleries.
Drawings representing sections of Walbottle Colliery
engine pit, in which the engines, pumps, &c., are
shown.
[The Newcastle coal-field is estimated to contain upwards
of 360,000 acres of productive coal area in the county of
Durham, and nearly 150,000 in Northumberland. Of
this 67,000 acres are now worked, and the average thick-
ness of coal maybe regarded as 12 feet. An acre con-
tains 4,840 square yards, and each cubic yard of coal is
estimated to weigh a ton; so that it maybe considered
that the coal-field has contained more than 10,000 mil-
lions of tons of coal, of which about one-eighth part is
probably consumed, and the present annual consumption
may be estimated at ten millions of tons, including the
quantity destroyed and rendered unserviceable.
The maps and sections exhibited illustrate the condi-
tion of the district and the details of the coal-field. The
qualities of coal are three: the common caking kinds,
coarser kinds called splint coal, and cannel coal. They are
all bituminous, but the proportions c'ffer. The average
quantity of gas from the caking coals is about 8,000 cubic
feet per tou, the weight of coke being from 10 to 12 cwt.
The cannel coal has been much and profitably worked
within the last few years, and yields a very much larger
quantity of gas, amounting to 10,000 or 12,000 cubic feet
the ton.
The coal is worked in the Newcastle coal-field at a very
great depth, exceeding in some cases 1,800 feet; and the
areas worked from one set of pits are often very large,
amounting to 500 or even 1,000 acres. The associated
beds of the coal measures are grits and shales, and there
are many slips and faults, some of them very considerable.
The method of extracting the coal in the Newcastle
coal-field is that called pillar-and-stall, which consists in
first working a certain proportion of the coal by opening
Kingdom.]
Class 1.— MININQ AND MINERAL PRODUCTS.
South Sidk — Areas 8, 1 to S. 27.
147
aeUy,
galleiiea at right angles to each other, leaving large
pillars of coal to support the roof. These pillars are
afterwards remoTed, and the roof allowed to sink down,
forming what is technically called the goaf.
Owing to the large proportion of gas present in the coal,
and the fact that such gas is given off readily from a
newly -fractured surface, and on mixture with atmospheric
air becomes highly explosive, it is necessary to take
great care of the ventilation of the mines, and this more
especially when the roof is partly fallen. The method
of working has therefore reference to this, and the lights
employed, where any danger is supposed to exist, must
also be adi^ted to the peculiar condition of the mine.
The models showing the mode of ventilation, and the
structure of the ventilating furnace used to produce a
strong current of air to circulate through the mine,
together with the safety lamps (invented by the late Sir
Humphry Davy), will illustrate these methods. The
mechanical contrivances for drawing and screening the
coals (separating the dust and small coal) are also very
important in the economy of the district.
There are nearly 200 pits or collieries worked in the
district: the number of men and boys employed is about
26,000; and the average price of the coal as shipped for
London ia not more than lis. per ton. The estimated
quantity of coal, sold in the year 1847, was about 7,730,000
tons.— D. T. A.]
274 The Brysibo Company, Wrexham, Wales —
Producer.
Minerals, &c., found at Brymbo, near Wrexham, Den-
bighshire, or in the neighbourhood.
Main coal got at the Brymbo colliery.
[The Brymbo colliery is in a part of the Flintshire coal-
field illustrated by the specimen of coal exhibited by Mr.
Oakeley. There will be found a magnificent squared
block of thi» coal in the enclosure beyond the western
extremity of the Building. — D. T. A.]
275 Bandaix, J., Coalport, Salop — Proprioior.
Minerals and their associated fossils, used in the manu-
facture of Shropshire iron. Also, specimens of clays,
pottery, brick, tile, &c.
Cement from the curl-stone, manufactured by M.
Brosely.
276
Watsky, AunGD, HaneWj, Wales — ^Producer
and Manufacturer.
Specimen of pure anthracite coal, raised from a pit at
Gwendraeth, Llanelly, Carmarthenshire.
Two models of anthracite blast furnace (scale half-inch
to one foot), situated at Gwendraeth, Llanelly, Carmar-
thenshire.
Pig-iron of excellent quality for foundery, tin-plate and
boiler-plate purposes.
Furnace cinder or slag, classified according to the
quality of iron made simultaneously with each.
Raw coal used ia furnace; it bums without smoke, and
bears the strongest heat without decrepitation.
Raw and calcined clay ironstone.
Limestone used as flux.
Sandstone used for lining hearths and boshes of furnace.
277 CuvE, J. W.— Producer.
Raw and calcined specimens of a stratum of mineral
substance found among the scaly iron ores of Clanway
colliery, Tunstall, Staffordshire.
300 HtiOGiE, Bbothers, Oaiesliead-on-Tyne—'
Manufacturers.
Samples of plaited ropes for mining purposes.
400 BuTTEBiEY Company, Alfreton — Producer.
Specimens of coal and ironstone, and of organic remains
in connexion with the Derbyshire coal-field, including
analyses of the different coal strata.
Iron in its different stages of manufacture, including
pig-iron, refined metal, puddled, and merchant Imu--
iron.
[The great central coal-field of England extends into
Derbyshire, and the works at Alfreton and its vicinity
have been long known as exhibiting in all no less thtui
30 seams of coal, whose aggregate thickness is 78 feet.
The iron ore associated with the coal in this district is
of excellent quality, and very abundant. — D. T. A.]
401 Bacoh-Deeley & Co. — Producers.
Iron chains used in coal mines.
Improved vice.
402 Crdtwell, Allies, & Co., Cinn Celyn and Blaina
Iron Works, Abergavenny — Manufacturers.
Pieces of pig-iron, forge pig-iron, and refined metal; and
cinder, or scoria, produced from them.
Puddled, merchant, and beat bar iron, with scoria.
Finished rtul, showing fracture.
Specimen of sigillaria, from the lower coal measures,
Cwm Celyn and Blaina Iron-works.
Rails connected, showing a new mode of fastening.
The mode of riveting the rails to the chairs with lateral
pins or rivets is the patent invention of H. D. Bird, Esq.,
of Petersburg, Virginia.
403 Cawley, p., Soho, near Birmingham — Inventor.
Complete model and section of a Staffordshire coal-pit,
with apparatus for preventing explosions in coal-mines,
by exhausting the combustible gases, and supplying pure
air in its place, and for enabling the workmen to ascer-
tain in what state the air is, in the workings of the mine,
before going down.
[The thick coal of Staffordshire is worked in a manner
altogether different from that adopted either in North-
umberland or Yorkshire, as there is constant danger of
accident from the fall of the roof, besides that arising
from the presence of gas which necessarily accumulates
in large quantities in the upper recesses of the mine.
The usual mode of getting the coal is by sinking a
pair of shafts at conveni -^t distances, and extending a
pair of levels from the shafts. On reaching the intended
limit of working, the coal is removed on one or both
sides of the levels, for a distance of about 20 yards wide;
but pillars of 7 or 8 yards square are left at intervals for
the support of the roof. Between each side lane of this
kind a larger and more effectual barrier is left, 16 or 20
yards wide, and this is called a fire-rib, and serves not
only to prevent a crush of the roof, but to allow of a
dam being afterwards constructed to confine the gasea.
A large quantity of coal is left below by this process of
mining, amounting sometimes to one-half or even two-
thirds of the whole. The ventilation of the thick coal
mines is generally imperfect, owing to the large body of
air to be moved; but more accidents occur from falls of
the roof than from explosions. The workings are gene-
rally left in the caro of uneducated contractors called
butty colliers.— D. T. A.]
404 Bbdnton, W.— Producer.
Model of a plan proposed fur ventilating mines, witk
diagrams.
• \
148
Clam l.»ininNO AKD IflSERAL PRODUCTS.
SoiTTH Bom—Amum 8. 1 to S. 27.
[UnrsD
405
M, AiMiux, ft do., NMand IWnace,
Uturtton—Ftoduem.
Hmooatite iron we, from Iind«l Moor, in Fum«M,
oontaining meUllic iron, 66-47 p«r cent.; oxygen, 28*50
per cent.; nlioa, 9'43 p«r oont.; lino, '71; mototure and
loM, -89.
Charooal pig-iron and Aimaoe oinder, from Newlaad,
Baokbarrov, Duddon, and Lorn ftamaoea, aaid to b« the
only oharooal Aimioea in Britain.
406 Farmuct Oompamt — Produoar.
Spedmena of ooal, coke, and iron-stone.
407 DxoKimoii, Thomas Friknd, Neweaitlf-ujxm-Tyiu
— Producer.
Specimen of luematite, or kidney ore, exported fkom
Balcarry Bay; lued to mix witli poorer iron-stone.
[Tliese peroxides of iron vary in tlie quantities of iron
they contain. Where they are crystalline they are usually
found to consist— of iron, 70, and oxygen, 30. The un-
crystallimd varieties are generally not so rich, yielding
oxygen, 30-66, and iron, 60-34. These ores afford a con-
siderable portion of the iron mantifactured in different
coimtries; they are also, when ground, employed for
polishing metals, and used as a colouring material. —
R.H.]
408 Moons, Joseph, M.D., 10 Saville Sou>—
Proprietor.
Iron ore, from the surfiMse of the Arigna mines, on the
western side of lake Allen, in the county of Roscommon.
Calcined iron ore.
Limestone rock. Fire-clay, used for making bricks for
kilns and furnaces. Fire-bricks, made from the same.
Houldmg sand.
Specimens of cgal found in the locality.
Peat turf, soft and hard. Charred peat for smelting.
— Peat, called in Ireland turf, is used as fuel for domestic
purposes; it may be used with advantage for smelting
the iron ore, having all the effect of wood, and, when
charred, of charcoal, which imparts to the iron the pro-
pel iies so highly priseed in metal: prepared in wood fur-
naces.
Bar of iron, from the ore of Arigna. Bar of steel,
converted from the same.
Crystalliaed rock, having a fine fracture, being the
surface rock of the district.
Map of the works and section of the mine.
[The river Arigna divides the Connaught coal-field into
two parts. The southern division consists of a great moun-
tain ridge called Brahlieve, at the base of which are the
Arigna iron-works. The rocks within this district are
similar to those of other coal-fields, consisting of sand-
stone, shale, clay -ironstone, and fine fire-clay. The shale,
which varies in thickness from 300 to 600 feet, rests on
limestone rock, and is remarkable for its rich beds of iron-
stone.
Sir Robert Kane has given the following analysis of the
day-ironstone ttom Arigna: —
Protoxide of iron . . 54-42
Lime
Magnesia
Alumina
Clay .
Carbonic acid
2-23
2-02
1-43
8-65
31-25
The mean of many analyses gives 40 per cent, of metallic
iron, as the average produce of the iron ore of this district.
Sir John Ouest reported on the Arigna mines in 1804, and
stated the cost of production to be as follows : —
5 tons of taw eoal at 6«. M.
4 „ ironstone, at 6f . ,
1 „ limestone
Labour . . . ,
Rent and other cluvges
1 11 8
14 0
0 4 0
0 10 0
1 5 4
£4 15 0
Mr. Griffith, in his report on the Connaught ooal-fleld,
estimates the cost of a ton of iron, produced in this
locality, at only 31. 2«. 5<f. The real working cost ^>pear8,
however, to be somewhatbetween the two. These state-
ments are important, as directing attention to a very in'
teresting iron-producing locality, which does not appear
to have received the notice it merits. — R. H.]
409
ScHNEiDEB, Henrt Wtluam, UlvenUme —
nxxlucer and ManufMsturer.
Red haematite iron ore.
Pig-iron, from Scotland, used therewith.
Bar-iron, made from the two combined.
Blister-steel, made fr«m a mixture of iron ore and
Scotch pig-iron.
Cast-steel, made direct from the iron ore and pig-iron,
without being first converted into blister steel.
Shear steel, made direct from the iron ore and pig-
iron, without being first converted into blister steel.
410 SoiXT &Co., Leabrook Iron and Steel Works,
Tipton, Staffordshire — Manufacttirers.
Specimens of billet and bar-iron, made by the ex-
hibitors.
Specimens of the finest wire, and of all kinds of steel
made fh>m the exhibiton' iron: as blistered, spring,
double shear, and cast steel.
Specimens of saws, files, and a variety of other tools,
and of fine cutlery, including a carriage -spring, all
made from the steel manufactured from the exhibitors'
iron.
411 BiBD, Wiluam, ft Co., 5 Martin's Lane, Cannon
Street, City — Proprietors.
Welsh pig-iron: cold blast, bright, mottled, and white
pig-iron, and refined metal; from "31aenavon" Mid
" Coalbrook Vale" iron works. Anthracite, bright, mot-
tled, and white pig-iron, and refined metal; from Ystal-
yfera and Tniscedwyn iron works.
Scotch pig-iron, from the Qarteherrie, Calder, Govaa,
and Forth Companies' iron works.
Bar-iron: common, best, and cable, marked GDP, made
horn Blaenavon pig-iron, and fractured, to show fibre
and tenacity. The same made from Govan pig-iron.
Staffordshire rounds, squares, flats, best and best scrap,
boiler and sheet iron, BBH (crown) mark, with specimens
of the fracture, and worked into different forms, to ejdiibit
strength, tenacity, and quality, under various ter^a. A
pieceof chain, |inch diameter, proved to a strain of 1 9 tons.
Staffordshire lion mark, made into chain and other forms,
to show quality and great tenacity. Staffordshire bars in
1 0 feet lengths, from ^ inch to 6 mches diameter, as sam-
ples of JB & S (crown) mark. A bar 7 inches diameter,
20 feet 1 inch long, weighing I ton 2cwt. 3qrs. 12 lbs. of
best best iron. Staffordshire iron, in various fancy forms,
for sash, angle, and half-round iron. Scotch bar-iron,
made into screv.'s, nuts, nails, railway-spikes, and boiler-
rivets.
Rail way -bars: a piece of rail of the usual quality, from
the Pentwyn iron worics, near Pontypool, fractured under
Nasmyth's patent steam hammer, to show the great
strength and applicability of red shoi-t iron for rails.
Sundry rail sections.
Tin-plate iron, made at Brockmoor, Staffordshire, from
KnroiHW.]
Clabb 1.— hiking and HINEBAL FB0DUCT8.
South Side — Abbab S. 1 to S. 27.
149
Tatalyfera uithnMite pig-iron, and exhibited in tlie dif-
ferent procewwe, from the puddled ball to the tin nnd
teme-pute. The lame in wire.
Tin-plates: tin and blaok-platee, made at Llanelly,
Olamorganafaire, from Yniocedwrn anthraoito pig-iron.
Tin and terne-plates, of varioua aices and thickneaaes, of
the brand (*"^)' Tin and blaok-plates from Lydbrook.
Patent lap-welded boiler tubea, plain and enamelled,
bf variouB lengths and dimenaions, braaa ferruled. A
tttbe 7 inchea diameter, 13 feet 4f inohea long. Cor-
rugated enamelled roofing-plates, in colours, lire bars,
fraotured.
The above-mentioned specimens are not manufactured
for any special purpose, but are the fair ayerage quality
of each particular mark. These marks are well known to
the trade, and are extensively used alike for home con-
sumption as for export.
[The iron furnaces of the United Kingdom, in number
about 450, of which 7 per cent, may be out of blast,
consume annually about 10,000,000 tons of coal, and
7,000,000 tons of ironstone, in order to make 2,400,000
tons of pig-iron, which is the estimated quantity for 1851,
at an average cost of 48*. or 50s. per ton, taking all
qualities, from No. 1 cold blast to No. 4 hot blast, in the
range. The mill power (which can if necessary be ex-
tended) at present produces annually 1,000,000 tons of
rails, bars, boiler-plates, hoop-iron, and the various de-
scriptions of manufactured ircn required for different
industrial productions, for export and home consump-
tion. The home consumption is an average in weight of
about 1} cwt. per head for the population, and from the
facility with which it is procured by every manufacturer
in the United Kingdom, it affords the means of subsist-
ence and profit to a larger amount of industrial hands
than any other.]
412 The EbbwVale Cohpant, near Abergavenny, and
83 Upper Thames Street — Producer.
Samples of coal and iron-stone, with foils, from the
Kbbw Vale iron-works, in Wales, and the CoalbrookDale
iron-works, in Shropsliire.
Muw showing the strata, vertically, of the South Wales
and Shropshire mineral fields. Model of the minei-al
workings, taken both vertically and horisiontally. of the
Ebbw Vale estate. Working model of blast fumaves,'
showing the mode of using the giues and economising
fuel. Pieoets of various pattern rails, bar-iron, angle-iron,
fto. Samples of rails, full length, and other descrip-
tions.
[The South Welsh coal-field has been elsewhere de-
scribed. The Coalbmok-dale field contains 32 square
miles of workable coal, the average number of seams
being 17, and the average thickness of the principal seams
three feet. The field is much faulted, some of the dis-
locations amounting to 600 or 700 feet. The coal is of
the kind called slate coal, and contains from 1 to 3 per
cent. ash. The percentage of carbon is 56 to 64. Very
excellent iron is made fr^m several seams of clay- iron ore
interstratified with the coal, and yielding upwards of three
tons of ore per square yard.
The Ebbw Vale coal is brilliant, brittle, lighte easily, and
yields a clear fire. It is light, weighing 63| lbs. to the
cube foot.
It contains 89-78 carbon; 5"1 5 hydrogen ; 2 '16 nitro-
gen; 1-02 sulphur; 0-39 oxygen, and 1-50 ash. The
coal yielding the above analysis is that known as the
" Ebbw Vale 4 feet steam coal." The mine is 400 to 500
feet deep.— D. T. A.]
413 SoTCUFFE, John Olauuoii, Bamtlty — ^Producer.
Model of Honey Well Colliery, Bamsley, showing th«
manner in which it is worked and ventilated.
[The method of working coal, adopted in the Torkshire
mines generally, is that known as the long icall, and i>
distinguished from the Newcastle, or pilUtr-and-itail
method, by extracting at once all available ooal, instead
of first taking a small proportion and leaving the rest in
the form of pillars. The selection of the method of
working should depend on the conditions of the mine;
and generally the long-wall system may be considered
admissible where ironstone occurs with the coal, the ooal
l>eing thin or the floor and roof soft, the royalty small,
the general superincumbent muss compact, and the water
not very troublesome.
When, however, there is much gas, where the coal is
deep and the qtiantity to be extracted from one set of
workings very considerable, and the water troublesome,
it cmnot generally be recommended.
In working the long-wall method, it is usual to put a
pair of levels from the shafts, and carry drifts at once to
the extremity of the intended workings; and then, re-
moving the coal from the end, the roof is allowed to fall,
leaving only an sur-way round the outoide of the fallen
mass {i/ob), cut in the solid coal. The gob is often partly
filled with the rubbish removed in getiang the coal. —
D. T. A.]
413a James, Jobn, Blaina, near Abergavenny, Wales —
Inventor.
Model of a blast furnace for smelting iron ore.
["Smelting" is the process of reducing an ore to the
state of a metal. The ore is first calcined or roasted by
being burned with coal in the open air, until the water,
sulphur, and carbonic acid are driven off; which, if not
separated before going into the furnace, would injure the
quality of the iron. The roasted ore, coke for burning;
and limestone for a flux, are then thrown into the fur-
nace, in the proportions of 14) tons of coke, 16 of roasted
ore, and 6| tons of limestone for every 7 tons of metal
required. The " blast " is the stream of air thrown into
the furnace by machinery, for promoting rapid combus-
tion; the pipes conveying the "blast" are called the
"tuyeres," a..d the ends from which the air issues are
called the "nose pipes," or "nozzles." Some of the
large Welsh furnaces contain 150 tons of ignited material,
and 20,000 cubic feet of air are forced into them per
minute. — S. C]
414 Dickinson, J., F.Q.S., Inspector of Coal Mines,
Birmingham — Producer.
Section of the strata in the ooal and ironstone mines at
Dowlais and Merthyr Tidvil, South Wales.
416 Beecroft, Butler, & Co., Leeds, and 8 Pancra*
Lane, London — Manufacturers.
Pieces of best double-fagoted railway axles, in the forged
state, cut to show the mode of manufacture; and broken,
to show the fibre in fracture.
Pieces of best quality of railway tire-bar, in the forged
state, cut to show the mode of manufacture; and broken,
to show the fibre in fracture.
Railway tires, and double-fagoted railway axles, best
quality, aud double-fagoted cart and carriage axles, in
forged state, bent cold in different forms, to txhibit tho
toughness, soundness, and strength of the material.
[As the speed of the locomotive steam-engine became
developed, many resulte presented themselves which were
150
Cum l.-JnNIKa AND MINERAL FRODUOTS.
South Sidk — Abiab S. 1 to S. 27.
[Vnna>
M onlooked for hy the moohaiiio and enginaer m the
■peed iteelf had been wholly unexpected. Aniong theep
none hM been the okuie of more anxiety, and none perlu^M
of more real danger, than the change which wrought iron
in azlea and in the tiree of wheels is found to undergo
when exposed to the severe friction induced by rajrid
■peed under heavy loads. Metal that had been deemed
tough and fibrous became brittle, and broke like oast
iron.
The specimens of railway tires and axles exhibited, in
various conditions, and showing the structure of the metal
in fracture, illustrate a method of obviating this re-
sult.—W. H.]
Double-worked cable-chain iron, bent cold.
Tension bar-end, of beat Kirkstsll iron, torn asundur
by 135 tons, by means of hydraulic pressure.
Bar of iron in the rolled state.
Walking-sticks made from the iron.
Railway-carriage wheels of different materials aud
various construction.
Waggon and mail axles on various prindplei.
Improved Collinge's India and other axles.
Registered self-acting regulating damper for high-pres-
sure boilers.
Regirtered improved moveable eccentric timtbler.
416 WiiiOEBWOBTH IiON Oo., Chesterfitid, Derbyshire —
Manufacturer.
Iron ore and pig iron. Specimens of castings; wrought
iron and steel inade fi«m the same.
417
BiDDCaPB, John, Cwm Avon Worh, Taibaeh,
Okmorganahire — Manufacturer.
Bar iron, sheet iron, tin plates, naphtha, and minoralB.
418
Miixs, RoBEBT, Foxhole CoUiery, near Swansea —
Inventor.
Model of an apparatus for opening and dosing doors in
mines, by a reversion of levers, one opening, and the
other closing the door, on each side of the door; whether
worked by the carriage drawn bv a horse, or pushed by a
man or a boy, the action is precisely the same. The principal
advantage is to keep the doors regularly closed; the doors
being at present attended to by boys, who are apt to
fall asleep, leaving the doors open, and allowing the air
to make its escape to the upcast pit ; thus leaving the
working part of the pit unventilateid, and in many cases
causes serious accidents. The Foxhole Colliery, where
this method is in practice, lias been worked from 80 to
100 years; and there has not been an explosion of gas in
it for the last 22 years.
419 Thomas, John Tbotteb, Co/«/ori— Producer.
Specimens of iron ores, from the Forest of Dean.
420 UiiVEiraON Mining Comfant, Slainton — Producer.
Fumeas iron ore(Iuematite) produced from mines belong-
ing to the Earl of Burlington, and used in Staffordshire,
Yorkshire, and South Wales, for mixing with inferior
iron ores.
421 MONTAOUB, Abthdr, Li/dney, Gloucestershire —
Proprietor.
Specimons of the iron ore procured from the mines of
the Forest of Dean Iron Company, and smelted at their
iron works at Parkend, Olouoestershire, with the pig-
iron, refined metal, and furnace scoria produced from it,
vis. : —
Argillaceous, calcareous, and silioious heematite iron-
ore. Best forge pig-iron. Refined metal. Blast furnace
scoria.
422 AnnwoBTH, Thomas, Chater, near Whitehaven-
Proitrietor and Mantifactnrer.
Iron ore (Homatite) troxa mines in Cleator. No. 1.
iron from hamatite ore only.
n«
423
Bewick, Josbph, Orosmont, near WhUbn-^
Producer and Agent.
Calcareous ironstone from the iron mines of Mrs. Clark,
of HoUins House, Orosmont, ia the valley of the Esk.
Sandstone from the estate of Mrs. Clwk, at Fairhead,
near Orosmont.
Petrified shells found in the ironstone beds.
424 fiiCKiOBD, Smtth, & Datxt, Tuokingmitl, Cornwall
— Inventors and Manuftoturers.
Several kinds of safety fuse, adapted to convey fire to
the charge in the blasting of rooks or of ice, or in sub-
marine operations. The fuse consists of a small column
of gunpowder, spun into the centre of a cord. The
different kinds are made by adapting the coating to resist
the pressure of water. Gunpowder not being ulowed in
the Exhibition, these samples are made with sand.
[The. safety fuse is considered to possess three great
advantages over the ordinary mode A firing a charge :
first, that of certainty both as to time and resistance to
damp; second, that of ssioty ; and thirdly, that of econo-
my.—D. T. A.]
425 Paob, J. R., Athenamm Club — ^Proprietor.
Specimens of ironstone, from the Leitrim coal and
iron basin. Also some specimens of the same in a
washed state.
Small pieces of the iron, from the same, reduced by
means of peat charcoal.
426 HoNKLAND Ibon AND Steel Compant (Wiluam
Mdbrat, 33 West Oeorge Street, Olaagow)—
Producer.
Specimens of the seams of cool, ironstone, limestone,
freestone, fire-clay, and Roman cement, contained in the
various strata of the mineral field of Lanarkshire.
Specimens showing the relative quantities of coal, raw
and roasted ironstone, pig iron, refined iron, and puddled
iron, required to produce malleable iron.
Specimens of white pig iron and malleable iron, square,
round, flat and half round; rails, wheel-tires, angle iron,
and nail-rods.
[The coal-field of Lanarkshire comprehends about 150
square miles in that county, and contains from 20 to 30
seams of coal, of which five or six are generally worked
in one colliery, having an aggregate thickness of about 20
feet. None of the coals are caking, and one kind (the
columnar glance coal) bums without flame or smoke.
About half the coal raised is used in the iron-works.
The total consumption in 1845 was upwards of two mil-
lions of tons.— D. T. A.]
427 Blacbwell, 8. H., ZH«*fey— Producer.
A series of iron ores, illustrating the general iron-
making resources of the United Kingdom. The follow-
ing remarks have reference to this series:-
The gross annual production of iron in Oreat Britain is
now upwards of 2, '250,000 tons. Of this quantity South -
Wales furnishes 700,000 tons ; South Staffordshire (in-
cluding Worcestershire) 600,000 tons ; and Scotland
600,000 tons. The remainder is divided amongst the
various smaller distitots.
One of the principal causes of the advantages possessed
by Great Britain in the manufacture of iron, arises from
^V:
ru»iT«i>
Knrawni.]
olami.— mNma and minebal psoduots.
South Sidk — Abbas S. 1 to B. 27.
181
the Bttmber and vMiefy of themcMurMof Mgillaoeoiw and
blaok-baad iroMtoiiM which «ltermitewith the bedi of
ooel in almoet ell ita ooal-fields; and in ooniaquenoe of
whioh, the mme localities, and, in nuuy inatanoaa, the
Nune mineral t jrkinga, ftaauently Airnieh both the ore
and the fuel required to namt it.
So eztensiTe are the ironstone beds of the coal mea-
sures, that they furnish in thenwelves the greater part of
the iron produced in Chreat Britain; but the iron-making
resources of the kinguom ere by no means confined to
them. The carboniferous, or mountain limestonea of
Lancashire, Cumberland, Durham, the Forest of Dean,
Derbyshire, Somersetshire, and South Wales, all ftimish
important beds and reins of hematite ; those of Ulver-
ston, Whitehaven, and the Forest of Dean are the most
eztmsiTely worked, and seem to be almost ezhaustless.
The brown hnmatites and white carbonates of Alston
Moor and Weardale also exist in such large mnswcw that
they must ultimately become of great importance. In
the older rooks of Devon and Cornwall are found many
important veins of black htemiUite, and in the granite of
Dartmdor numOTous veins of magnetic oxide and specular
iron ore. The new red sandstone furnishes in its lowest
messures beds of hnmatitio oon^l venerate. In the lias
and oolites are important beds of argillaceous ironstones,
now beooming extensively worked; and the iron ores of
the greensand of Sussex, once the seat of a considerable
manufacture of iron, will, in all probability, again soon
become available, by means of the flwrilitwe of railway
communication.
In the following classification, the number of the blast
fiunaoes in each district is «^ven, and the ironstones of
the ooal measures are an uged in the definite order in
whioh they occur in the dL' - rent coal-fields; so that their
position, m reference to the beds of coal alternating with
them, is at once seen. The more important of the coal-
fields are also subdivided into distriots, showing the
changes which occur in each, and thus giving a concise
view of their general character. The other iron ores are
arranged according to the geological formations in which
they occur.
The produce of the miuinfacture of iron in Oreat Bri-
tain in 1750 was only about 30,0U0 tons ; in 1800, it had
increased to 180,000 tons; in 1825, to 600,000 tons; in
the following year the duties upon the introduction of
foreign iron were either removed or rendered nominal,
since which the production of iron has nearly quadrupled
itself, being now about 2,250,000 tons.
BOITTH WALES.— (EMtam Outerop.)
Oniml
Wo. of
Bbut
No.
Seriti.
Futnaeei.
Strata.
PaiHCirAL Work* :—
Cwm Bnn . . .
Id
Out
1
Pontyixiol .
9
J
Abenyehaa . . .
»
4
Pentwyn
. •
3
Virteg
S
a
Oelvno* • . .
3
,
Bbeittvon . . .
s
s
13 Funueai .
. IS
11
Stnta,
I
1
Soap Fibt Mine, BInenanm,
Ft.
In.
Smp Fern Cont ,
Cxit (not muncd) .
,
«
s
«
a
1
B'aek Piu, BIrananm,
A«ii> yei» Coal, or SVed Cne
/ 4
0
Broldiq Coal, or Big Fiin
4
0
SedFrinCat. .
S
3
1
S
Thrtt Qwirlrr BaUt, Blaenavon.
Bark Vtin.ar Tknt Qiutrie
r
Coal .
8
0
Yard rein Coat
8
0
4
4
MeadiM Veht iline, or Pmlaat, Blanatot
M,adow Vein Coal .
8
10
Old Coal
a
«
9
5
Spotted Vm Mine, Blamavon.
%ltM Vein Mine, Blaenam,.
»,7
< •
■OOTH WALBa.-<N«th Kutorn Oatstep.)
f'-<ff
MlaM
1/:
Setiii.
— —
Famaeei.
^
mmm
I— •
PaiHCiMi Voan i—
In
Oat
aydMh
N«Bt-y.glo .
CotlbRwkVtle .
Hblna
Cwm Olyn .
Vtmbut
BbbwVcU .
TletotU
tlrhpnoy .
1
Tnd«(U
MFameai . .
tt
8
Btfaftu
Ft.
In.
13,14
I
Soap Fein Mine. CoaUnek VaU Foar
eoDiw*, sUoehM. Avenge yteld about
9,U0<i tone per safe.
16
S
loeaL
J^MW Vein Oial
Blaek Pin, CoHbrotk FaU.—roa imguUt
1
3
18 to 18
s
eouneeor nodalee in about IS feet of
ground. Yield about 4 ,800, tone per acre.
KlledVoal .
3
4
Big Vein Coal
5
8
1». SO
4
l^ee- quarter Balle, Coalbrook Vale —
Worked with three-qnaiter eoal : three
coune* (two irieyular). Yield per aere
very variable, averaging about 1,<00 toni
Tkree-qniiner Coat .
Sjigine Vein Coal
3
•
S
3
10
9
Yard Coal .
3
8
SI, SS
ft
BlaMand, Ifmt-s-glo.-Wotk,i with the
Uld Coal over which it lie*, very local in
extent, but of very good quality, and
furmlns an important meaaure at Beau-
foit and Nant-y-glo.
OUC.nl
ft
8
S3,S4
8
Spottrd Pin, Coailro-k fafe.— Two coune*
= 4i inches in 4 feet ground. Yield per
aere, about 1,200 ton*.
SS, 8A
7
Little Pint, A'ant-y-g/o.—Tvo cooiaea ss
ft inchea in 3 fret ground. Yield per
aere, about 1,400 ton*.
S7toStl
8
Bed Vein, iUialbro.ik rii/r.— Three eourae*
= 64 luehe*. Yield per acre 1 ,ll( 0 ton*.
30
9
Big Vein, Naat-y-glo.-Woikod with bot-
tom coal. Two course* = 6 inehe*.
Yield per aere, about 1,*UU ton*.
Bottom Coal .
I
a
The beds of coal in this division of the coal-field
are all bituminous. The principal coals only are given in
this section. The ironstones are principally aivilktceoui,
although some important beds of blackband or car-
bonaceous ironstone exist locally. The total thickness of
the coal measures, in this series, from the Soap Vein
Mine to the bottom coal is about 150 yards.
80UTH WALES.— (Northern Outcrop.)
aeKeral
No.
38
33,34
No.qf
Seriet
PsiHOirAI. WOBK*!— .
Rhymney . • •
DoM'lai* ...
Ivor ....
Peiiydarren . . .
Cytharra . .
Hirwain
DulTryn nnil Furnace Vcha
Ynysfkch ...
Aberdare . . .
Abenmmon • .
Gidly* . .
70 Furnace*
fitnita.
Owrid Mine, Dowlaie.
Soap Vein, Dinrlttit.—Tiina conrae) = (
incite*, worked with 8oap Vein Coal.
Blatt
Fornaeei.
80
n.
Out
8
S
I
8
1
10
In.
168
Clam 1.— MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS.
80UTH BiDi — ARBAa S. 1 TO 8. 27.
[Unm
SOUTH WALES.— <Northini Oatciop) -cmtfiiwdL
It*.
n,M
ST.M
M,«l
41
44
«S,4a
4T
4t,4«
50, SI
51, S3
S4,SS
SS
S7
flkrfM.
StNiit F»i» Cctl.
Vfptr tttntli Pbu, Ihwiaii.—Tktf miumi
-4lMiMr.
liomir Bimk Mu, Dmhh.—Ona eoiin*
'^. SiMlMI.
Yard Coat , ,
Vfftr F~w Fett figal.
Jkmlah Big dml .
BlaA n» Stop Vttn, Aw.'aii. — Fiv*
coaiMiB II Iim'
baoMthbif coal,
Roi Ln Coal , , ,
Brmi Ptim lliu, Aiwbfi ^Two oonnes
s St inehw lying immolUteU on Biana
VrtnCwl.
Bmi Veh Coal .
LUllt Pk$, AwWf.— BIglit eonnw s l«
iaehn.
10
11
II
13
14
IS
It
IimInw. About 17 yiidi
IJttIt
Throe Coab . .
FWa. Domtai:—On» ooone
I, lying orat Litll* Vain Cool.
lAltlo Vol* Coal
Biff Blot Volm, Aw/oif .— Thne eonnm =
8t IndiM, lying 4 feat ■bora howtt Four
FaatCoal.
tower Feme Feet Coal .
SpoHod rcfa, /lav'aii.— TliiM eoniiM m
II inehaa, in 8 Awt nound, lyinir about S
yatilt halow Lowat Four Feat < oal.
iM Fein, Ouir/nit.— Four eonnet = Ut
tnebas in 8 tee/t Kronnd, about S yan]»
nndrmtalh Spotted Vein.
LlUto Blot Fohi, Annii't.— Six eounea =
14 inehai in about )|lbat Kround.
Jeolm Pini, Dotelah, — EiKht eounea = II
inehaa in about 10 feet nound.
Lumps Full', Dowlai$~T\ina eoorteas
64 inehee in alwut t feet gninnd, worked
with Lumpy Vein Coal.
Lompu Vein Cual • .
Tiip Rt—er Ifiae, AneWl.— One couiae =
S inehea.
Bonoai Rauer tlino, Dowlain, — Tliiee
ounei = 8 inehea in about Sfeet ground.
Ft.
In.
SOUTH WALBB.-(Cantnl AnttaUad Dlalriet)-«MMa«nl.
0*a«ral
JVo.
Total average thickness of measures from Owrid
Mine to Bottom Rosser Mine about 320 yards. In the
last 100 yards of this, there are five workable beds of
eoal varying from 2 feet to 9 feet thick: and 62 dis-
tinct courses of ironstone varying from 1 to 5 inches
thick, many of which, however, are necessarily not work-
able.
8O0TH WALES.-(Centfal Anticlinal Dirtiiet.)
Ooooral
No.
Wo <f
Seriti.
Bhtt
Fumiicot-
PaiNCiPAi WoRKu : —
Cwm Avon . • •
Oakwood . . . •
Garth ....
Maeateg .
Uynvi ....
Neath Abbey
In
4
1
•
•
4
•
Out
1
3
3
2
10 Fnmacea . • .
10
10
SI
1
SiraUl.
Upper Blackhand, /Vv*m.— Onx eonrw = 10
Inches; worlied at Uynvi, Maeateg, and
Cwm Avon.
Ft.
In.
SI
1
Alliert Soam . . .
Fielorin Seam .
Louwr BlaMimil, Uunvi— One courae = 1 1
inches. These beils, about Hi yards apart,
are perhaoa, for extent ofarea and Kenenl
quality, the most important Hlaelibanda
yet diaeovered in the South Walea CoaU
Field, although not nearly equal in
1
3
0
60 to (I
63,64
6Sto67
6«
61,70
71.71,73
74
7S
76
77
lt'e.qf
71
7»
to
81
81, 63
84tot6
87
89,90
91 to 93
I
10
11
II
10
thieknam to tha Blaekband In the pariah
orOallTmar, In tha atntnd part of this
eoal-llala.
Tkrd Frin . > .
Zte* aaW ■ BnlfFm Vol* ,
Two Foot Vein
Coo DaoH Vein . .
Coekihot or Scwd Mine, IJgooL
F,ro Clag Veto, LImol
Fin Cl^VoU
Tellnw Vein, Ugni 1 TlMia thiaa eounaa
Pin Baling. Umvt > of mine lie In about
Alack PiK.Ll^ . J 14 hat of ground,
and ara worked togathar in tlie patalMa
or open worka of this diatrict.
Upper 8i* Foot Coal .
BioMo Pin, Uifvl.
TVaro Coal . .
Lowvr 8i» Feet Coal .
Big Vein, Uynvl I Thtaethrat eowaN
Pin Hulklo, ZJjpni } lla In about It Ibat
Fomaire Mine, IJgnet I of ground, and an
worked together In the aama way as Noa.
S, 6, and 7, in patehaa or opan woriis.
F^mnee Vein Coal . •
Sewn Feet dial . .
Coal and Kne Seam, L^wri.
Coiit and MiHo Vein . .
C\rH Avon Siaiia.
IVemdilu Seam . •
fFem Piuylt St'oai . .
Tor Mmi/M Seam , .
WhHeSeam .
JiinoASeam , .
Blaeihand, Cwm jInn.— Tliiekneai variaa
very mu<>h,at Rwm Avon about 7 IndMM,
Oakwood II inehat.
Cwm Sir Seam , • •
Blteh Seam , . •
Oohen Smm . . .
Coelithot Sram • .
B'g nine, Cwm j<eo«.— Llea under Dppar
Coeluhnt Rock ; one eoune of ID ioenaa.
AfUito Big Mine, Cwm Anm.—\Jm be-
tween two Coekihnt rooka; ona eouna
oft inehaa.
Xmnrr Big Mine, Cwm Aeon,—Ooa eonraa
of 4 inches ; sometimra worked with
New Mine coal, about I Aet under It.
New Mine Vein
B'lllieg Si'am . • .
Balling Mine, Cwm Aeo*.—Two eouiaaa.
Finery Seam . . .
Solpkuri/Mino, Cwm Aevn.—Thtte couraaa
= 7 inehea.
Sulphory Seam . . .
Four Fret Seam . ,
C{fa all Bnllt, Cwm Aeon — Thia eona-
iponds with the Furnace Vain at Llynri
and Maeateg, worked extenalvely than in
patchea : 1 6 Inehea worked at Cwm Aron
by level.
Big Smm , ,
Middle Clog Vein, Cwm ^km,— One couias.
ClttuSeam . . .
C<ia/aiii<Afi>«Sni8i .
Five Feet Pine, Cwm Aeon.—Teio
Five Feel Seam
Liwer Foot Feet Seam
Jank Mine, Cwm Avon.
It.
In.
I
I
I
4
1
I
1
I
6
t
1
I
•
The total thickness of measures fW>m Wemddu Seam to
Lower Four Feet Seam is about 800 yards. The beds of
coal in this division are all bituminous, Sevend im-
portant beds of coal and various measures of ironstone
are known to exist below the Lower Four Feet Seam coal ;
but the entire extent of the lower beds is not yet proved
in this division of the South Wales coal-field.
[UimiD
ElHODOlf.]
Gun 1.— MININO AND MIKERAL PBODUGIS.
South Side— Abeas 8. 1 to S. 27.
in
■M««M.
SOUTH WAI.E9.-(WMUfii or Anthneil* Ubtfiet.)
In.
» 0
4 0
1
9
s
0
s
0
4
0
9eamto
beds of
ral im-
iDBtone
mooal;
proved
animt
lfe.^f
1 Blait
Mo.
Snlti.
— FtrnatM,
^
^M
Pai«eirAi. Wotii :—
In
Oat
Veult ....
t
YiUlyAn* .
8
YntMcdwin .
4
Bmw«i . •
a
OnllwvnorBrln . .
Owm Amnon
TMra Sunn . .
s
Oweudmith .
s
Biwin* . .
1
s
t4 Funiaeaa ...
IS
ss
Strata.
Ft.
In.
M,M
1
B/aeUmd; Tital!(r<"a.—U Inohw thick,
very loed. Yiddi about f ,750 ton* pair
lera.
t6, fT
1
Black Plni, Tita/gfira.—Tmo oounat a 8
inehi*. YIpldi about t,400 toil! per »-t
M
s
Sm» Viln, Fita/irffra.— I'hrat eouiM* '
« to 10 ^nchcf. Yloldi about >,760 tona
poraare.
Sq/tFitnCoal.
Ptmu Pitra, Titalufera — Thm eonraaa
with •eattared balia. Yielda about S,tOO
«t
«
tona par aera.
i'aman'a Coat .
S
0
100
A
mite Phi, Yila/y/Ha.—Somatlmaa called
CoadMdaMine: Foureounea about 10
inehaa in H flset pound. Yielda about
4,B0ii tona per acre.
IFMtti FtiaCoal ,
1
0
101, IM
6
Black VelniTun, Tttalnfera.— Two eounn
= 8 inehaa. Yielda about t,400 tooa par
aera.
Black Vct»Coa:
4
0
lOSato
7
IJtt't Vein Mine, Titalufern.—Tta tonian
103*
inIS llMt iionnd, got with LitUe Vein
Coal. Yielda 7,000 lona per acre. Thia
atone in thU diatrlet.
L>Hle FeUCual
S
0
lot
•
BilWl, Tttalyfera.
100
9
Hanlit Mine, Yital!ff*ra.— Tiio eouraea.
Unrnlii dual . . ,
s
0
107
10
Big Fein, Titali/lira.—Tvio connea a «
fnehea. Yielding 1,800 tona per acre
when worked by level : If workrd in
patehea IS feet ground, all interaperaed
with atone.
5
S
Big rein Cud .
S
0
Block Vein Coal
loa
11
Bran Vein, KrM/j/imi.— Five couiaea in 18
feet of ground. Yielding 8,500 tona per
Bran Vein Coal . .
4
0
Three Cml Vein ,
3
0
lOS
It
Bryalleu Vein Coal .
Little Bra- Mine. Yniieeilwin.
3
0
Little Brau Vein
a
0
MUHIe Vein Cml .
s
«
110.111
IS
Luaer Vein Coal
8
0
111
u
Little Blue Vein, Tuiieedwin.
lis
16
Big Bine Vtin, Tniecedwin.
lU
IS
Onappog Mine, TnitKudwin,
Pin MaWT Mine, Tniicedwin.
115
17
The beds of coal in this district are all anthra-
cite. The measures of ironstone extremely numerous
and important, but principally worked in patches or open
works. All the measures in this series bear the appear-
ance of havinK been subjected to an extremely high tem-
perature; which has been in all probability the cause of
the conversion of its beds of coal into anthracite.
SOUTH WALES.— (Southern Outcrop.)
Oeneral
No.
Xo.qf
Seriet.
PlIIMCIPAL WoBKa :—
Pentyrch
Tondu
Cefta Cwao .
Cefh Cribbwr
Uinaa
II Fumaoea
Blatt
Fumacet.
Out
i
a
1
SOUTH WAUS.-(8onthaniOntanip)-c«UiMMrf.
Oeneral
Ifu.
If 0.1/
StrUi.
118, IKa
ll7,117fl
118,118m
118
ISO
ISl
ISS
1S3
lS4,l>4a
lS5,lt5<l
Its
ItSalStt
I26e
lS6d
126<
126/
Utg
136A
126i
ISfj
126*
I2«
1
t
3
4
5
«
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
13
16
17
18
19
90
21
22
Strata,
Rock Vein Coal . .
Double Vain Coal .
Little VHn Coal
flridm Vein Coal
lAntlwm Vain Coal .
Small Bodor Coal .
Great Hodur Vein .
Sooty Vein .
North Vawr Vain .
Mouth Vawr Vein
Seeond Vawr Vein . .
Third Vawr Vein
SUttogVein .
Six FaM Vein .
8ia Fret hamtiine, Ctjn Ctew. — Font
eouraea s 9 inehaa.
Smih Nine Feet Coal .
Nine Feet Ballt, C^k Cu-w.-iieven eouraea
■ 17 inebei.
Fterif Vein Ciial
Fiery Vein Ironilune, Cejk Cwte.~fUx
eouraea s: 14 inehaa.
FmUnnrter Vrin . ,
Great Oribbur Vein .
OHthur Ballt, Crfn Cwic— Two couiaaa
s S inehaa.
Upper abutted Vein, Cefa Cwtc.—Two
eouraea = 4 Inehaa.
SipotteH Ballt, Cr/k Cme.— Two eouraaa a
4 inclieli.
Jfi'M/« S^4trd Vein, Cefn Cwtc — Tno
couraes = Di inehaa.
Lower Sjpotted fein, Ce/h Cvtv. — Two
couiaea s H inehea.
Vuriega'ed Pint, Cefn Cwtc.—Tvo eouraea
= 5( inehea.
relline Vein and Ballt, C^k Cim!.— Two
couiapa = 8 inehea.
Vfptr Red Vein, Ciifn Cieie.—Tvo eouraea
= 3 inehea.
Upper Bi:d Vein Ballt, Cefn Cwie.—Two
eouiaaa = 6 inehea.
iMWeit Bed Vein, Cefn Cwie. — Two
eouraea = 4 inehea.
Pin Rhvliier Halli, Cefn Cirw.— One eoorae
= 'd inehea.
Black Ballt, Cijn Cwie.— Two eouraea s
3 inehaa.
DueUe Ballt, Cefn Cioic— Two eouraea =
6 inehea.
Black Pint, Cefn Oete.—Oaa eoorae =
3 inehea.
Upper Bine Veiat, Cefh Cwtc—Ona couna
= 4 inehea.
Bine Vein Ballt, Cefn Cme.— Two couiaea
• 4 inehea.
Zotwr Bint Veint, Cefn Cwtc.—Two
rouiaes s 3 inehea.
Lump!/ Ballt, Cefn Cwie. — One eouiae =
& inehea.
Pin Oaru Ballt, Cefn CiMC,— Two eouraea
= H inehea.
Small Oribbur Coal
n.
lib
IS
The iron or* principally used at the Pentyrch works ia
haematite, tron tlM carboniferous limestone on the south
of the South W«la^ coal-field. The annual production of
iron on the south onttcrop is about 25,000 tons.
SOUTH WALES,— (Upper or Red AahSeriea,)
lt6ato
IVeti.
I
Blaehbmdi Jot. Lntch, ^ C«. — Collktch
Colliery, Gellygaer, Glamorganahire.
Thia Brackbanii liea in four courMs, rea-
pectively «2, 1, 8, and S Inches thiek.
Total thlckneai, 3 feet « inches. It lies
in 6 feet of ground, and yields upwards
of 7,000 tons per acre, Ita position ia
very hixh in the coal menaurra alMve the
Mynyddla-mwyn Vein of coal.
The South Wales Coal-field extends over an area
of upwards of 800 miles. Both from its extent and
the varied character of its numerous beds of coal and iron,
it may be considered as the moat important of all our coal-
fields. The upper measures furnish the best Bed Ash coals
for household purposes, whilst its lower measures are
well adapted for iron-smelting, and for steam coal.
IM
OtAm L—ltartSO AND MINSRAL PRODUOTfl.
South Sidk— Auas B. 1 to 8. 87.
Th« numbw of AurnaoM now in blaat ia 148^
n blMt ia 148^ mmt^fim
wMk: arnaroMuinual
■bout 100 torn of iron Mtch per WMk: ornfRiM
prodootion of 700,000 toMk atd nqnlring 3,000,000 tona
of Ironatone, prindylly fbiniahad from thia ooal-fleld.
11m aoaual pnimmim of oo«l ia «atinwt«d at from 5 to
6,000,000 tow.
b 1790, tlie annual production of iron in Soutli Walea
WM 84,011 torn, and in 1M3, 189,335 tona; linoe wliioh
time Uie produotion haa been nearly trebled.
In the eaatem part of tlte diitriot tlie ooala are bitu-
minoua ; aa tliey approach the weat they gradually become
8emi<anthraoitio; and in tlie waatem curtriot all the coala
are anthradtio.
Vtom the great area of thia ooal-fleld, and the great
variety in character, both of ita beda of coal, and ita
meaaurea of ironstone and blaokband, it will, in all pro-
bability, long renudn the moat important iron-making
diitriot in the world.
NORTH WALES.
0ra«n)rJVa. </'
Blait
iVb.
<i*W««.
Fwrmieti,
PBiRoirAi. WoiBi :—
In
Oot
RhiuboD ....
II
1
Bffyniuo • • t •
1
1
5 FDraacM • . .
3
2
Straiii.
Ft.
In.
nrm Tfvi Coal .
(
0
BnuugCtal .
1
S
IIT— ISO
1
Vppir Yard Imutmt, Bhrnabam-Toat it-
Te(ulv eoanM (No. 1 to No. *), aTo-
ngiag (boat 7 IneliM.
V/MfrTa^Coal .
1
•
isi-in
1
JtMl dual /rMfIsM Balb, RlUmhon.
JMCual
1
•
1S4-IST
s
StOM Coal Irmtnmt, iUnatM. — Foar
oounM(No «loNo.»).
SeoM Coat
1
(
IIS
4
Half-yard Coal
Two Tiiri Coal /roaitvM, JUwiton.
1
a
in
ft
Lawtr Yard Oaal IrimiUm*, iUnotM.
lewiT Yard Coal
a
0
HO— IM
•
eooiM = l»t tnehM (No. II to No. 17),
Ijlna in about 7 (act of gnund.
fTallaad Bnoh Coalt
»
0
M6-1M
T
eoonn (No. 11 to No. St), ■Tongiiw M
IIIU. Will yield 8,000 to t,000 tons per
•era.
Llwgnemlom dial ,
1
a
The production of iron in thia diitriot ia very limited:
the coala are principally thin, but good in quality : and the
ironatonea, although lean, furnish very good iron. The
only important works now in blast are the Rhuabon and
the Brymbo. The Brymbo series appear by themseWes.
SHBOFSHIBE.
Oentrai
So. of
8erit$.
PSIHOirAL WOBM :—
Ifadetoy Wood
Hodeley Court
Tlie Cutle .
Light Moor .
Hoiee-lisy .
I^wley .
Hinluliay .
Stinliley
Dark Lane .
New Lodge .
DonningtOD .
SnedUHU
SSFoniacea
aeuey
Bliut
Furnaeei.
In
Out
a
ts
10
SHBOnHIRR-egelhanl.
Omunt
Ifo.
Wo. of
—
—
Id
1
lU, Its
IM, lU
1««, 1(7
>
a
*
1U,I6(
ft
.70.171
6
7
173—176
t
17.*
177
0
10
CAaiM Pnfttoo*, Doonlflm Ifood.
Fmaimt Coal .
B'aekMimi, tkmoimgt^ Ifood.
Brkli Utaian,J>mitb^to» (food.
BiilUtoat,DumlagUm W'aod.
T«p Coal . ,
Thtoo QamrUn OaiJ •
DimliloCu^ .
Ytttow SlBot, liimnlitmua Iftod.
Yard ami
Bin* Flo/It, Duonin/ioa Wood. '
IfUto FiaU, UomaSogtm /Food,
Ualn Pooiittim*, Aanfaetaa IFtod
(,Ifo. 1), Madohp Ciwt (W«. 1),
Bolfhor Coal .
CItmcM Coal .
Two Fft Coal ,
doddml
LIttIt FUo* Coal
Crawtloar, lloMtg tFood,
Blaeh Piati (fotUioa not f >•*») .
In.
0
Annual produotion of iron about 90,000 tons. Thia
field waa one of the first important iron-making dis-
tricts of the kingdom; but flrom ita limited extent, the
produotion of iron in it haa remained, for a considerable
period, nearly stationary. The quality which it producea
IS very good. The coal meaaurea of Shropalure were
probably once connected with those of South Stafford-
shire— indeed, of the identity of some of the measures in
the two districts there can be little doubt. This is
especially evident in the Whitestone and Cakes of the one,
and the Pennystone of the other; and a great resemblance
between all the meaaurea of the two flelda may also hn
traced, the differenoe in their thickneaa, &c., not being
peater than might be expected at such distant pokita,
judging firom actual changes that are known to occur in
some of the South Staffordahire beda, over comparatively
a small apace of ground.
BOUTH BTAFFORDBUIRE.
Otneral
iro.of
BlaM
Ifo.
Strin.
—
Fomaeti.
In
Out
HSFnTnaeea . .
10ft
43
HTBATA.~DtrDLIT DlSTBIOT.
Ft.
In.
BroodkOial .
%
«
ITS— 17(
1
Brooch Imutoiu, Dudloy.
Hull Coal {,001 vmhtd.)
ISO, 1SI
t
Pint IrimtUne, IhuHeg.
18>, 1»3
3
Penim Earth IrontUmt, Dtdltg.
Tea Foot Stuao, Dmlky.
184
4
TUekOil .
30
0
18S-187
ft
«
Orahi IroiuUnu, Dwtley.
OMin lro»Moni,Dodlty.
188
QMIa.
189
Caaauek.
IM
Rmbblo.
191
Brown Stoat.
HeatheaCoal .
3
0
Bottim Heatiun Coal .
t
•
IM, 1(3
7
IFhitt /rmrtoM Biarft, Dudlej/.
194, 1(»
8
mUo Iroittime, Dadity-
fFhitt traattoat, Brocimoor.
190, 197
198, 199
9
SalpharCoal .
4
•
Iffw JfiM Coal
t
8
Firo Clay Coal
Firi Clay Balh, DwdSy.
3
8
too, toi.
10
Bottom Coal ....
t
0
The Dudley Division of the South Staffordshire and
Worcestershire coal-field is principally celebrated for
the Ten Yard, or Thick Coal, so named from its being 30
feet thick, and which may well be termed, par excellence,
" The Thick Coal." This is the laigest and most im-
portant bed of coal in the kingdom, and is of excellent
108,
308,1
310,'
[Ui
Ft.
In.
•
1
0
■
ft
1
s
a
0
10
BlaM
Fwmacet.
— v^
In
Ont
IM
4S
—
Ft.
In.
»
«
Kmemii.]
Clam 1.— MIMINO AND MIKBRAL PRODUCTS.
South Side— Amab 8. 1 to S. 27.
tlf
nlity, both for houiehold purpoMs and for th* manu-
ure of iron. Whan undUiturbod bjr faulU, and of
•veragw auality, thia bed of coal, with th« aiaooiated thin
ooala and ironatonaa, ia worth at leaat 1,000/, p«r acre.
The quality of iron made ii very superior. It waa in thia
diitrlot that ooal waa flrat uaed, in the year i61», for the
purpoaa of amelting iron.
The Oubbin and White Iroiwtonea are the principal
iionatonea of thia diatriot. The Oubbin meaaurea will
average about 1,500 tone per acre ; the White Ironatone
varies much both in quantity and richness. It yields
from 1,000 to, occasionally, 3,000 tons per acre ; 1,.''>00
tons may be taken as about the ayerage.
WuLVESHAMrtON DllTBIOT,
Pt
In.
tftw ilim fanl
1
«
0
«
Fin aiay OiqI
•
0
tO«, t03
1
Poor RuMn'i, Bmtfr-f Hill.
^114
Fin any Balli, Banluri Hill.
au»gli Hill irttitt, VnrlaiUM.
»0»
10
0
lM,tOT
a*bU» md Ball; 8u*«r-( HUI.
MkoIi/ Any Coal . .
Bit Flau, Biuktr'i HM.
1
s
SOS, to«
»I0,II1
a Briitol DiamuHiU, Darkutun.
1
The space of ground occupied by the above mea-
sures ttova the Sulphur Coal to the Bristol Diamonds
is about 90 yards. These measures occupy a position in
the general coal series, below the Thick Coal of the Dud-
ley District; and attain in the Wolverhampton Field a
much greater thickness and importance than at Dudley,
where scarcely any of the above measures of coal and
ironstone prove workable. The ironatones are all of ex-
tremely good quality, averaging from 30 to 35 per cent.
From the low cost at which they are generally rused, the
number and variety of the measures both ot coal and
ironatone contained in so small a space of ground, and
the superior quality of the iron produced, the Wolver-
hampton Division of the South Staffordshire coal-field
may be considered as one of the most important, in pro-
portion to its area, of any of oar iron-malung districts.
til, SIS
Hkktlet A!«d Birch Hili.i Dmtriot.
Bruvm Stnnl, Bloxwieh. — ^Thli h the only
nuuara of Bbokbwid In the South Staf-
fordnhira Coal-llold. It Um undernMth
the lowMt Heathen Coal, in two counee
Mmgini; about IS inohet, and doe* not
pfove louth of Bentley. The other men-
mm of thli dittriet do not vary greatly
tnai thoM of Wolverham]iton.
The annual production of iron in South Stafford-
shire and Worcestershire is nearly 600,000 tons. It
is considered to be the second most important iron
making district in the kingdom; for although the pro-
duction of pig-iron in Scotland is equal to that of this
district, yet it tar surpasses Scotland in the manufacture
of wrought-iron; whilst the superior quality produced
also gives it pre-eminence over that of Wales.
tl4,SI»
Covntty and Bedworth Coal Field.
Btdwmth Balli, fiMwcrlA.— Two roursei,
forming an exceedingly good and impor-
tant measure of Ironatone, railed extcn-
tively for traniport to the South Stal'oid-
•hireCoal-Beld.
NOKTII STAFFX)aDeHmE.
Otniral
Ko.
No.cf
Striti.
PbimoIpai. Woski : —
Silverdale .
Apedale
Kidigrove .
Goldendale .
Etrnria
Longton .
SI SbrnaoM
NORTH STAProRDSHIRB-omNaierf.
antral
No.
B-tia,
autttrOml . •
IMSkagCfl.
It.
•
1
IB.
•
0
ISO
1
Four eonmai tlitekn*« sto S tin: In
•oms plaret (a» at Apedale) ■• atlahw the
gnatthickneaofsiU.
Bai,-1, tH-dml .
SiiiiHmtfi ami .
OnmlbiwOiml
Camul Aw CW
t
4
t
»
S
0
0
•
tsi
>
B'l-fi Mint, Fnliy ColUtrp, UmfUmi—
Four eouna* s 10 Inebae.
Mt
3
Woat% iflaf Cnrf
Dtf tlint, Fuhy CMitrf, JUmgtoii.-roiu
couna*.
1
0
SS3
4
A
DtimMintCaal
t
•
SM
•
7
ffiwiOuCoal
ffaatwy JAm. Fohy ColHmry, Limjloa.—
Two 1 ouriM.
New Iniakmt, Fakj/ Cnttiiry, l^maton.—
Five eoofses s 1« inehei In St llrat of
gtound.
1
i
tsi
tss
■
KtuwIttCoal .
Prior'i Field iliae, Foley CMiery, loagtoa.
— Diree eonnaa.
KaouM Mint, Foley Collitru, Longloa.-
Four connas at S fcet 8 Inehei.
8
0
BayCoal
RidtrCoal .
AthCoal
S
8
7
(
0
u
8t»
10
mU Mi»t, Fuley Colliery. Lmgtoa.
LitUi Mint Coal .
4
•
ssotosst
1to7
Strleifiim SMtM Collitn, Atnfay.
Red Shag Ironitone. Ontter Mine. Biuety
Mine. PennyStune. Deep Mint. Ckall^
Mine. OMi- Stone.
ssTtos::
ItolS
Seriet/Vom Apedale, near NeieeniUt.
BlarUand Itomtune—* to a taeiOikk. Red
Shao-a feet thick. Bed Mine-9 ftet
thick. Bauey Mine — t frat thick.
CannelMine. Black Mint. RxilyMint.
ChttlkuMine. Littie Mine. New Mine.
BnwiMine. TMcliband. OoMMine.
These last two series are not numbered according
to their position in the coal measures. Many of them
belong to the same measures as those of the Foley Col-
lierv, Longton, although named differently.
The North Staffordshire coal-field, although not of
groat importance directly, as an iron-making ^strict, ita
annual produce being only about 55,000 tons, is yet of
great importance from the amazing extent of iron-
stone which it contains, and the large quantities sent
thence to the South Staffordshire, and the Xorth
Welsh iron districts. No other known coal-field
contains anything like an equal number and extent of
ironstone measures. From the Bussey Mine to the
Knowles Mine, a series of measures at the Foley Colliery,
Longton, of only 250 yards in thickness, there are nine
distinct workable measures of ironstone. At Apedale,
the Blackband, Ked-shag, Bassey Mine, and Red Mine,
ironstono8, are respectively 4, 6, 7, and 9 feet thick. In
consequence of so large a proportion of the cheapest
worked ironstone measures being Blackband or carbon-
aceous, and also from the inferior quality of its coals, the
iron of this district is inferior. The thickness of the coal
measures already known, is upwards of 1,100 yards, con-
taining 32 seams of coal, varying in thickness from 5
inches to 8 feet. Of these, there are 14 beds below the
Little Mine coal, all of which, excepting one, are from 2
to 7 feet thick.
V
SM
Claw l.-MININa AND MINERAL PRODUCTS.
South Sidb— Arias 8. 1 to S. 27.
[United
>^
YOIUaUilltE.-(NortlMni UtoiriM.)
y»'ff
BIm
M:
ftriJt'
__-
Ftrnactl.
mm
^H
w
r"
Psmeirtt. Wo»ui->
In
Out
Bowline ....
Low Moor ....
NowBffln ....
Bhollb ....
Bltrl«r ....
runlojr ....
KFunMcM .
10
fflriKa.
Ft.
tn.
1
'IhH, B,4 tlhki, Blirlry.-llUii per *ere,
l,*00 tOM,
MO
Top Fhta.
101
Lo« run.
•ot
Whitt Utili.
•Oi
MMdU IhlU.
■04
s
Iaw Mauiira.
<'<«i< ....
Blotk 0>'<< Mh,, Low Maor.
•
4
SM
Top Btlli.
SOS
Flat Htont.
SOT
Middle Mil.
SOS
Rough Mcuun.
S0«
Low Mcuura.
SIO
BtMot Stone.
Btaek Bid Coal
»
S
Bttter Btd Coal . .
1
0
Annual production of iron about 25,000 tons. The
quality of iron made, very superior. The Low Moor
and Bowling marks are especially celebrated. The beds of
ooal in this district are exceedingly thin. The Better Bed
Coal is the only one used for iron-making purposes. The
White Bed and Black Bed Mines of this district probably
oorreapond with the Thomcliffe White Mine and the Clay
Wood Mine of the southern division of this field.
YOIlK8IIIRB.-(Southem IMitrkt.)
ffffMmi
jv». .,r
BUut
Ifv.
StHn,
FHmacei.
PsiHCirAL Work* :—
In
Out
Worabro'IMe . . .
1
ElMOV
S
Milton
1
1
ThorncllOTe .
1
Chapeltown .
1
1
Ilolmee
I
1
FkrkgMe
1
•
13 Fninaces . . .
Ik
8
Stritta.
Ft.
In
Uw Hroirl, or HMimiv Coal
»
8
sit
1
S«mlln» fFood AriM.Ar>/t.>n.-Yieldi about
SIS
l,MK) tone pet acre.
Sis
Flat..
Ball*.
Bottom Meaaure.
SwkIIow IFood Coal .
4
»
S14I
S
Uigitt Afiar, Jfi/lua.— Yielda 1,800 ton*
SI a
per acre.
SIS
HUt*.
Ball*.
Bottom Meaiure.
SIT
s
Tankmle;, Wiu, tfulua.— Yield* 4,000 ton*
SIS
per acre.
SIS
Top Meaaore.
Middle*.
Bottom Meuure.
V>tp End Coal
t
10
sto
4
Thimeli/fi, or 0 I Black Aline, Parkgate
S«l
Yield* 1 ,»00 ton* per acre.
Holing Meanire.
PiirkgnU) ur Manor Coat .
7
«
m
5
Thvimcliffi, /f At Uine, Pori^»a»«.-Yield»
S»!l>l
1,WU Ion* per acre.
SUh
Flat*.
Ball*.
Holing Meaanre.
Thiitncliff't Thin Cnal
Black nr Clay fTouiiJUine, Parkgate.
3
0
SS4
s
s»»
Ball*.
386
Brown George.
Wbetatone.
Silhtaui Coal .
4
n
•
Martomleg Conl
. .
3
0
Annual production of iron about 30,000 tons. Thick-
ness of measures fk-om the Hobbimer to Mortomley
beds of coal, about 4:10 yards. The entire thiokneaa of
the coal series is, however, much more. The measures
thin out rnpidly towards the north.
DKHBYSIIIRE. ~
Oineral . l\'o. <kI
Blaa
No.
S,-rin.
»^."
Fwrnatei
PsIMelPAI. WONSS 1—
Unalon ....
In"
1
Out
Heniahaw . .
1
*l
Btaveley
t
s
Duckmanlon .
^
1
Hriroington Moor .
NewboRl .
1
•
1
•
Wingerworth
I
1
Llay (>o** .
1
1
MorleyPkrk.
t
•
Aliyeton . .
S
1
Butterlev
r«dnor PUk .
t
11
1
Weat Hallam
1
*l
Stanton
n
1
St Furnace* . .
10
10
Simla.
Ft.
In.
Tar* dial , , .
a
8
SilT-334
1
Ueanrt ani Ball, Al*^8tM•fay.-YieM
per acre about »,IM)0 ton*.
Whetetone: Flampard*; Whit* Mei^
•urei Cub| Old Beart Firat BalU;
FlatBalla; Bottom Meaaure.
Main Hard Coat
6
0
DuniiltCoal .
4
0
S3ft-S3T
S
Sienllmt If.KiH Rake, Sluatoa.— Yield per
acre 3,000 tona.
Tuiiniil Coal (not Miorkei) .
S
s
338
8
Tan Ynrd, or Pemltr Park Bake, Stavehu,
sat
Yield per aci« »,noo tona.
340
Red Meaaate.
Ball*.
C!ocklo.
341
4
Rijr, or Cement Rakt, Alfieton — Yield
343
per arro 1 ,800 tona.
Top Meaaure.
Bella.
343
Bottom Meaaure.
S44
A
Bromi Rake, BnUtrleu — Yield per acre
S4ft
>,»00 tona.
S4«
Bella.
Top Meaaure.
Bottom Meaaure.
Thin Vonl (nnt worked).
34T
8
Black Rnke, B»tterley.-\U,\A pot sen
848
)t,000 tona.
Top Meaaure.
Bottom Meaaure.
Yarit, or Ell Cial .
3
8
Uah SiifiCoal
ft
0
34SaS49»
T
Poor Rike, Alfretun.
3»0
8
Bine Rake, Butterley.—YUM per acre 900
tona.
Lower Hard Coal ,
4
s
3»1
9
Spriig, or RUHInq'i Rake, Altretim.
333
10
Uug-toiith Rake, Stana/.y.— Yield per acta
3i3
3,000 tona.
3S4
White Meaaure.
3AS
Sugar Plum Meaaure.
3»6
Marble Meaaure.
Bella.
Snail Horn.
Thia rake ia called Wallia* Bake, at But-
terlev,aouth of which it doe* not prove.
Brown itmtwre. Clay CVun.— Yield per
3ST
11
acre son ton*.
Furnace Conl .
4
8
S»8
12
Nodule Rake, Maries Park.-Yieii per acre
3»9
1,6U0 ton*.
Cinder Meaiure.
Ball*.
South or Oay Croa* the Nodule Hake U
known by the name of tlie Dog-tooth
Rake.
Three Quarter Btlli, Clay Crou.
360
13
Three Qmirler Conl ■
3
361-3TS
14
Blneh Shale Rake, St'ier/^.-Yleld per
acre flrom 4 to 8,00ii ton*.
Whet*tone ; Chitter ; Cheeee* ; Bear ;
Top Blue*; Lower Blues; Old
Man ; Old Woman ; Double (hit-
ter; White Italia; Phunparda;
Red Meaaure ; Dun ; Beama ;
i
Roof Meaaure; Bottom Bella.
[Umitbd
Bhit
In
I
1
f
•
1
1
I
1
t
>
I
11
10
Out
"l
t
I
s
In.
a
s •
mi^/ HI^H^^H
1
/JVAV
'-•.•."-•.".1
IfAO
TIM
MIUIOHNtir
MlVt
':"r:':-rMrr:n-7:i'
I t I t
X. Z. K,
ai.
MINERAL MAP OF THE ONITED KINGDOM, BY ROBERT HUNT.
KlXODOM,]
Clam 1.— MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS.
KouTH Hioa— Ahrab H. 1 to H. 27.
m
PIRUVWIIRB-««<ilto««A
n iBiffMl
iV*.^
fl.
la.
JV».
*r4>.<.
— •
ni.*,*
1*
Mnt,M«laM.
CMOmI
5
«
177
It
Orttn Chm lUtt, M,<rl»t /Ml—Yltld
pm MN 1,000 loiw,
B*iu:
<'«./ ....
t
0
111
IT
HuJly (Vf(» An**, JV«r/«y Par*. - Yi«M
pwwn LMU Wiw.
Bill.k
Mman.
Tit
K
Hlaeh, m KtHmft RalU, Mtrbp Park.—
Vfcldjwf Mr* 3,000 toni.
Ml)
Ml— iiM
»<H
BilU.
HMMtt
1*
BncM nteh IMu.A^frttm.
rim IVm Jb*«, Muritg l^n'A.-YtoM fw
M«
10
MM 1,000 ton*.
CmiI .
1
t
JTMnnMCoiU .
»
0
IIT-IM
11
HbMycn|/k JloA*, AaiilM.-YMd |HrMn
Chlltmi Tufty lUls) Bunn 9—1;
()rind»ton« M«Mura| Urindar'i
Wih| HiK ItalU; Uottom Flitit
Itrlok Mmun,
»»-»«
If
CMIIg Hnkt, auiilM.-Yiiild pn ten 4,0U0
loiu.
lUeheU MaMun; DunM IklUi
llottom Mauura; Uhltteni) (VmI
Meuun.
/*Mrfirrr« ^*"n/ • • *
1
s
40(M04
13
Dnie Slim Rnkt, ifhwluii.— Ytald |)«r »cre
S,l)00 tOIII,
Cliinch Ball! ; Koof McMura IMIa |
Itoor Mi'MiiTO i Over lluttom (
Uottom Iklb.
Annual production of iron about 00,000 tona, Average
thiokneis of coal tneaHurea, from miignesian lime-
■tone to Kilbume, or lowest worked coal, 600 yard«.
Uany of the boda of ironittone lie in such a thioknesa of
measure aa only to be workable to advantage by open
work or bell-pita. Where theae meana of working can be
adopted, the produce per auro is oftentimea very large;
in the Honeyoroft Rake it is 6,000 tons per aci-e; in the
Black Shale 8,000 tons.
NORTHUMBERLAND. CUMBERLAND, and DURHAM.
OOIKTS/
So. of
BUut
No.
Sirlti.
—
Fumactt.
^_
••_
r~*
PUMCIPAI. WoiBII : —
In
Out
Walker
1
•
Tyiie ....
Wylam
f
1
Hareehaw . ,
,
3
Redeadale .
,
3
Hirtley
1
a
Witton FUk .
8
1
Tkw I^w .
S
3
(>>iuett and Crookhead .
7
7
Stanhope .
1
88 Furnace* . .
l«
1»
Strata.
Ft.
In.
40S
1
nineHinil, Hnitlny, NhrthiinHierlani.
408, 407
a
Bin •hbmil, HnySo flrirfj-'.— Tlila bed pre
halily occupk'a the position of one of th
beda of roul underneath llie Great Limi
stone, and fomiH an interestinff inatanc
of thi! inimiier in iihlcli tliin leda of C'oa
aometimes change into iKHUofUlnrklian
Ironatone. It averagea, probably, thre
feet in tliicknetu.
e
■
e
1
i
e
408-410
s
BalliUme, Haltwhutle, ffurthamberlanil.
411,411
4
Bnlhtotu, Nettt Head, CunifwrMNrf.— Tliea
meaaures (No». 3 and 4) lie in the Plat
lied over the Treat Limettone, and i
about e yarda o. ground : they liave bee
worked extensively on aome parts of tli
out-crop. Average yit'ld 30 to 3a per cen
e
e
e
t.
NORniUMBKRI JkND, OUMBBRLANIS m4 DVKttKU-~0mthmi,
Omural
So.
411
414,418
418,417
418
411
480
481
*n
411
AriN,
7
8
»
10
II
18
18
»rwm% HmmUtt, KfUJby* Frtt, tar JVm
IIm4. — Tbto twd aofmpwwto with Ih*
F*U Top UiMaton* bad uf thia dMiM |
whiab In Ikla loaalliy la convartad Into a
bad of Bnwn llanuitlia, probablv oaing
to Ita halni Inlafsartid by a aonaldaiabU
numbat of aniall veins carrying Iron
" " " It la ftam 8 to 7 Aal tUak,
and of good qualliy.
Brum H<»maMi'. ffr»t H*a4.—'TMi bad
eorraapomls wltn Ih* lltlla llmaatima bad
of this diatrlat. It la about 7 Mat thiefc,
quality vary vaitabla.
Brimn Hamatkt, SUly HiiU V§iH, Altiim,
Brvtn H'tmatif, tlanur Hiiou Fria, Atitim.
Broom UmtMtita, Nm Vilm, Muoa,
Brimm UiwrnnUt", 8ta»^ii/t. Durham.
Bnimt Htnmuiu, St, Juha'i Vkapal, aaar
Stitakift,
Carhimnti i\f Iron, Stanhnpt.
CarboHatt ^Z Jroa, AIUm.
Vt.
U.
Annual production of iron about 00,000 tona. The
iron worka of this district are gradually increasing in
importance, the cost of fuel beiag ao low aa to permit
ores to be brought from many dinurent localities. The
black banda of Bootlaiid and of Haydon Bridge, the
brown hiomatitea and white carbonates of Alaton and
Woardale, and the argillacenus ironatonea of the liaa of
Whitby and MiddlcHborough, nre all used for the aupply
of the Irou-worka of thia district.
The biiiicn /uiiwitita deserve <'>[>ooial attention. They
are found associated in very little niasses, with the lend
veins of this district, and occiu<i»unlly they occur as dis>
tiiict and regular buds. They contain from 20 to 40 per
sent, of iron. Sometimes thoy exist aa "riders" to the
vein, sometimes they form its entire mass, and, in thia oaae,
they occasionally attain a thickneaa of 20, 30, and even
50 yorda. Theu- employment for iron-making purposes
ia only recent; but the aupply of ore which they can fur-
niah ia almost unlimited, and when some better means of
separating the zinc and lead associated with them shall
have been discovered, they will, doubtless, be found to
be of great importance. Remarkable changes sometimes
occur in the character of the metalliferous veins of thia
district; the same vein which at one point bears prin-
cipally lead ore, changing to a calamine vein, and then
again to brown hiematite.
LANCASHIRE and W£8T CUMBERLAND.
1(1
aeei.
Or««ra/
Wo.
Ifo.qf
Striti.
Bl
Fun,
484-488
l-t
PsiNoirAi. Wo*KS :—
Clatter Iron Company . .
3 Fumtcea
1 Hi»«in«it», CItntor Iroa Ort Co., —ar
1 /fAileAaera.
In~
8
Ft.
Out
0
In.
430
431
438
7
8
8
\Himmititi, HatriKm.Airulieli Co., Ulver-
t ttune.—CUy ore lying cloae to surbee.
The production of iron in this district is very limited,
being confined to the Cleator works, and one or two
small charcoal worka in the Ulverstone district. The
quality of the latter, charcoal being used for fuel, is very
superior, and the produce commands the highest prices,
as it combines, with the fluidity of cast-iron, a certain
malleability, especially after careful annealing. The iron
of the Cleator Works is smelted with coal, and though,
in consequence, not equal to the other, is yet of superior
quality. The ore, both of the Whitehaven and the Ul-
verstone and Fumess districts, ia raised most extensively
for shipment to the iron works of Yorkshire, Staffordshire,
and North and South Wales. In quality, these ores may
be considered aa the finest in this kingdom, and the
supplies which these districts are calculated to produce
are very great. The large percentage of iron which they
contain, from 60 to 65 per cent., and their superior quality,
also enable them to bear the coat of transport, and they
/
ni
[Official Illustrated Cataloqui:.]
K
158
•i: '
Class 1.— MINING AND MINERiUi PRODUCTS.
South Sidk — Abeas S. 1 to S. 27,
[United
are becoming every day of greater importance. They
are found, both as veiufi traversing the beds of the moun-
tain limestone funuation, transversely to the lines of
stratification, and also as beds more or less regular. The
former is the general character of the Ulvei'stone and
Fumess ores, no clearly defined bed being, as yet, known
in that district, whilst at Whitehaven there are two, if
not more beds of irregular thickness, but with clearly
defined floora and roofs, and oftentimes subdivided by
regular partmgs. These beds attain a considerable thick-
ness, occasionally 20 or 30 feet. The area over wLich
they extend ia not as yet well known ; but they have
been worked extensively for many years, and the workings
iipon them are rapidly mcreasing. They lie beneath and
close to the coal measures, which both furnishes the
necessary fuel, and also important beds of argillaceous
ironstones for admixture.
FOKKST OF IlKAN.
Orneral 'Xo.nf
Ifo. Seriei.
433-438
1 6
PaiKCiPAi. WoHKs:—
Chiderl'ord .
Forest of Rean Conijuiny
b Furnacea .
Htnmitite,
Bltttt
Furniict'8.
In Out
3
Ft. In,
Annual production of iron about 30,000 tons. The
ores )f the Foi-est of Dean are carboniferous, or moun-
tain limestone ores, lying beneath the coal measures,
which are not here productive in argillaceous ironstones
as in the other principal coal-fields of the kingdom. Be-
sides the limestone ore, there is a bed of ore in tb'' mill-
stone grit measures ; but which is only worked very
loidlly. The limestone ore occupies a regular position
iu the limestone measures, although in itself exceedingly
in-ogular, assuming rather the character of a series of
chambers than a regular bed. These chambers are some-
times of great extent, and contain many thousand tons of
ore, which is generally raised at an exceedingly low cost,
no timbering or other supports for the roof being required.
The supply of ore producible in the Forest of Dean is
almost unlimited. The iron made from it is of a red
short nature, and especially celebrated fur the manufac-
ture of tin plates. Its superior quality always commands
a high price. This ore is raised extensively for shipment
to the iron-works of South Wales. It was worked at a
very ancient date either by the Romans or the Britons,
as is evident from the remains of old workings along the
outcrop of the ore bed. This ore averages from 30 to 40
per cent.
Oeneral , A'o. nf
430
440
441
442
443
444
419
Oeoliigiral Formation; (Jranite ami the
(jUer RncUs.
Compact Mirttcfiiiis Iron Orr, Ilninufti^
Vt-ntn. — FountUn loiles var>'in(< !>ora 1 to
12 feet wide, liearinKeast and west. Tlicse
lodes are in coarse ^raineil porpliyritic
fi:mnite. Hie ore is associated willi
Ijunrtz, Clay, Sehorl, and Hornblende.
It contains 60 per cent.
S'tft M'cncmus iron fVir, llennocU. — Found
associated with No. 1.
Mtiijrntii! OriilPt Hat/hir^ Divon. — Found
inler-slmtilleilwilha compact Kelspalliic
and IIorMende Slate. It is nssuciaic<l
with .^sliestos, Actvnolite, (Jarnet, (Jpid,
(juailz, andliay. ItcontainsTitpercent.
Coiiip'n-t Brown Irnn Ort*, Bis/np^tiii/nt'in,
Deviin, — Found in iircjtular masses, in
Limestone. It contains (Ju per cent.
Cowp'h-t and Cri/ntnllixfd Brown 2n>n Oir^
Biivhnm, Z>fi'wn.— Found in irregular
masses, in Limestone. It contains J5
per cent.
IM HrrmutitefS/ieiiocb, Curnuiall. —Fo<xiu\
in lodes in flay Slate.
lirown Ilcrmitite, Shirioch, Cornw.ill.
Ft.
In.
The micaceous iron ores and the magnetic oxides
of Dartmoor (Hennock, &c.) are only just beginning
to be known. The quality of iron which they pro-
duce is of a superior description, and is calculated to
make the finest steel. These ores are not at present raised
extensively ; but will doubtless become more so when their
character is better known, and the localities in which
they are fornd more thoroughly explored. They are sent
principally to the South Wales Iron District.
Oeneral
No.
No. of
Seriei
Ft.
In.
Oeological Formntion. Oranite end the
Older Rucki.
448
447
448
1
2
3
[Pi/solkic Iron Ore, Tremadoc, Caernarvon-
j thire.
These iron ores have, at different periods, been
worked to a considerable extent for transport to South
Wales. They are of inferior quality; but the large
masses in which they lie, enable them to be raised at a
very trifling expense. They are found at Tremadoc,.
Pwllheli, Carnarvon, Island of Anglesea, and many other
localities round the North Welsh coast ; and will doubt-
less at some period, prove of importance, from the great
extent to which they are there developed.
Oeneriil
IVo.nf
No.
Series.
449
1
4oO
2
Oeoliitjiml Fmmitvin. Oriiuieacke.
Hirmntitei Brendon Hills Smersutslme.
Sul't Hremntiti; Brendiin Hills, Sninersetshire.
— Found in Imles \'arying from I to 6 feet
in thickness, in Grauwacke and Gray
Slate. These lo<les are not at present
worl(ed extensively ; but they form the
site of very old and extensive workings,
probably by the Ancient llritona.
Ft.
Ia
OeoUigit'.al Ftrrmntinn. Neic Red Snndstime.
4M
1
Fine Heemntitic Conglomerate, Newent,
tiloncestershirf.
4.')2
2
Ham'ititie Conglomerate, NetvenI, O.'oucei-
ter&hire.
453
3
Hamntiik Cinglomnate, Brochwell, near
It'otton Courtnei/, Somersetshire.
454
4
Hmna'iiic Conglumirnte, Brochwell.
455
5
tlrmnotitic Cunglumeru.e, FrampUm CotlerelL
Somersetshire.
406
6
Ila-miitiiie Conglomerate, Cowbridge, Sjuth
rralcs.
These hajmntitic conglomerates are found at the
base of the New Red Sandstone, and generally occupy
the position of its lowest bed. Their character as work-
ing ores is very vaiiable, being sometimes mixed up with
so much extraneous material as almost to be worth-
less; but occasionally they exist in regular beds, and
contain so large a proportion of haimatite as to become
of considerable importance.
Oeneral
A'o. of
Series.
Ft.
In.
457
4.'>8
4J9
1
2
3
Geological Formation. Lias, ffc.
/ Irur.sfonr, H'hitiy.
460
461
462
4
9
A
I Ironstmie, irMhshoroHgh.
SiUcinus Irntis'one, Sirtibj/, near Lincoln. —
Bed 2 to 3 I'eet thick.
463
464
7
8
J Silicious Ironstone, near Nur'hnmplon.
The clay iro* .tones of the litis iwe only just begiuniiig
to add to our iron-making resources. Tliey furuisii lui
in.stanoo of the unexpected development of national
wealth, arising from tlie facilities afforded by railroads.
Nos. 1, 2, and 3, are raised along the outcrop of the beds
along the coast from Whitby to Scarborough. The cost
of raising is trifling. Nos. ■)■ and ,"> are from an iiiiportaitt
bed recently opened at Middlesborough. The thickueiia
[United
netic oxides
at beginning
h they pro-
lalculated to
ireaent raised
JO when their
iea in which
rhey are sent
Kingdom.]
CiAss 1.— MINING AND MINERAL TRODUCTS.
SotiTH SiDK— Areas S. 1 to S. 27.
16^
the
Ft.
In.
iriods, been
art to South
it the large
3 raised at a
t Tremadoo,.
I many other
I will doubt-
)m the great
Ft.
In.
hWe*
>
feet
Bray
■sent
the
ug«.
time,
'ent,
ices-
Mar
vrelt
juth
ind at the
rally occupy
ter as work-
xed up with
be worth-
beds, and
s to become
Ft. In
Ht begiuiiiiig
y fuiuinh ail
of national
)y railroads,
of the beds
, The cost
n inipovtant
[lo thickucMS
of the bed ia very irregular, sometimes attaining a thick-
ness of 12 or 14 feet ; its average thickness is about 6
feet. Noa. 7 and 8 are from the oolite, near Northamp-
ton. They are at present of no commercial value ; but are
curious, as showing the almost universal dissemination of
this important ore.
Oeneral
No.
4M
No.nf
Series,
Oeoloj/ical Formathm,
■ Inmstone, Sussex,
Oreen Sand,
Ft.
In.
These specimens are of great interest, as belong-
ing to the formation which was formerly one of our
principal sources of iron; but which, furnishing with its
ores no fuel to smelt them, was abandoned, upon the ex-
hauHtion of its forests, by the iron trade for the coal-
fields, where all the requisites for this manufacture exist.
Perhaps, like the lias of Whitby, &c., the greeusand of
Sussex may again, by means of railroads, at no distant
period, furnish the uon ti-ade with additional supplies of
this important ore.
428 Stiblino, J. D. Murries, F.R.S.E., Scotland, and
13 Great Camberlancl Street, Luitdun — Inventor and
Producer.
Pig iron : — Scotch, hot blast.
A, Same iron containing malleable iron scrap. — Process
patented in 1846.
A a. The same mixture of malleableand cast-iron melted
together, and the pig (or ingot) broken to show the com-
plete union of the metal.
II, Specimensof castings of the mixture, called "tough-
ened cast-iron," and the breaking weights.
Cc. Improved patent malleable iron, showing the fibrous
structure produced in iron naturally cold short. Process :
the addition of zinc or calamine to iron in the puddling
furnace. The strength of the iron is thus greatly in-
creased.
D, Hardened, or anti-Laminating iron, for the top bar
of rails, tires of wheels, &c. This iron, or alloy of iron,
has the character of steel, is said to wear well, and not to
laminate.
J'J, Roils composed of C c and D, to show the ilifference
of the two sorts of iron.
/'. Tires of Cc and/).
G. Bell metal, consisting chiefly of iron.
G (), Bells of the same metal, stated to be superior in
tone to common bell metal, at a diminished cost.
//. Common zinc cake, broken to show the fracture.
If h. Zinc alloyed with about five per cent, of iron, to
show the difierence in fracture from the preceding.
fto 0 0, Alloys of copper and other metals with the
alloy of zinc and iron. — Patented in 184G-48.
P, Sheets of zinc, and alloys of zinc covered with tin,
and alloys of tin.
Q, Sheets of iron covered with zinc, and alloys of zinc,
and subsequently with tin, and alloy' of tin.
Several other alloys and specimens exhibited for
strength, structure, and cheapness.
[TheRepo"t of the Commissioners appointed to inquire
into the application of iron to railway structures, gives
tlie following as the results of experiments on Mr. Mor-
ries Stirling's iron. The tensile strength of No. 1 Calder
hot-blivst iron is, per square inch, 13,735 lbs., or G'Kil
tons. The samo iron, mixed with about 20 per cent, of
malleable iron scrap, breaks with a weight of 'J.),7(!-Hb3,,
or 11".")U'2 toiia.
Bars of Bryuibo irou 1 inch square, and 4 feet 0 inch
bearing, of Nos. 1 and 3, broiik respectively at 3G.") lbs.
and 41G lbs. The Calder Ko. 1, not given by the Cont-
inissioners, breaks at about 390 lbs. to 400 lbs. With
20 per cent, malleable u-on, the Calder breaks at G'23 lbs. ;
and when the proper proportion of scrap is used, the
breaking weight is about 800 lbs.
Asquore inch of Calder, No. 1, ia crushed by 72,1931bs.,
or 32-229 tons, and 75,983 lbs., or 33*921 tons.
A square inch of Monies Stirling's mixture as above,
by 125,333 lbs., or 55*952 tons, and 119,457 lbs., or
53-329 tons.— R. H.]
429 Bankabt, Frederick, & Sons, liedjacket Copper
Works, near Neath, M'atca — Inventoix and
Manufacturera.
Various stages of the process of copper smelting, as
practised at Redjacket Works, according to the exhibitors'
patent process.
[This process is as follows: — Copper pyrites reduced to
a fine state of division are roasted at a moderate tempe-
rature : the result is, that the sulphur of the ore com-
bines with the oxygen of the air, and thus becomea con-
verted into sulphuric acid. The copper is also oxidized ;
and the acid combining with it, a sulphate of oxide of
copper is produced. A second roasting, with an addi-
tion of rich sulphur ore, converts all the metal into this
salt. It is now dissolved in water, and the copper pre-
cipitated by iron. It has been found that the copper
thus prepared is of remoi-kable purity. — R. H.]
Patent fuel made from small coal, without any foreign
admixture ; invented and patented by William Rees,
Pembrey, Carmai-thenshire.
Pure native carbon, found in the collieries of Messrs.
Penrose and Starbuck, Vale of Neath, and electrodes
manufactured from it by the exhibitors.
430
Abf.rcabn and Gwvthen Colmeries Companv,
Keirpitrt, Monmouthshire, Proprietors — E. Rogers,
F.G.S., Exhibitor.
Block of Abercarn stone ; a hard compact sandstone,
which resists the action of the weather and of fire : it
forms a part of the carboniferous (or coal-beiu-ing) strata
in South Wales. Weight 168 lbs. to the cubic foot.
The block is formed in tJie shape of an obelisk, for the
purpose of exhibiting on each face different modes of
workmanship in the dressing of the stone.
Block of Abercarn and Gwythen charcoal-vein coal,
adapted for steam-ships, and used in the steam marina
of the English, French, and Spanish Governments, tho
Hon. East India Company, &c. This coal is said to resist
the action of the weather in any climate, and reference
is made to another specimen of this coal, placed at tho
Western Entrance of the Building, which has been raised
and exposed to the weather some years.
Block of Abercarn rock -vein coal, used as a fuel for
domestic puiposes in the West of England and Ireland.
Specimens of charred coal and tin plates manufactured
from the same ; this charred coal is stated to be prepai-ed
by a process which deprives it entirely of sulphur, tmd
gives it a peculiar mechanical structure, making it as
light and pm-e as wood charcoal, and entirely super-
seding the necessity of wood chiu-coal for refining or
smelting iron.
A complete set of tools used in mining, and plans,
showing the application of electricity to blasting in mines.
In a paper accompanying these, the exhibitor states: — ■
It has been often noticed, that, since tlie application
of gunpowder for bla-sting, few if any improvements
have been made in the methods adopted for cutting
through hard rocks; and the great exjiense of niaiu-
taining engine power for pumping and winding during
the long period required to sink shafts through such
rocks hius been and is still the sole cause of some of tho
best and richest tracts of minerals in Great Britain lying
idle and unproductive, and has been the principal cause
of the loss of life, so serious and often occurring from
explosions in mines.
Tho improvements, or rather tho new system, now
introduced will be better understood, after a review of
the methods and tools heretofore used.
The oldest method of pumping or taking up tho water
from the bottom of tho shaft during sinking was tho
N 2
160
CiABB 1.— MINING AND MINERAL PKODUCTS.
South Side— -AiiEAg S. 1 to S. 27.
rUKiTED
Hoffar pipe; this was about fotir feet in length, made of
leather, and atifleued by ringa of metal; the constant
damage this was liable to in blasting caused it to be
almost abandoned, and in its place the stock and slide
pipe was introduced. This consists of two cast-iron pipes
sUding into each other as a telescope, and kept tight in
the j(unt by a stuiflng-boz: this contrivance is not only
expensive in first cost, but liable to breakage and heavy
to handle. Both these modes of pumping are subject
to a still greater defect; the pump can only be made
nearly under the pump trees, so that during a long time
of the sinking it often occurs that only two or three men
can be effectually employed in the shaft: this, in some
of the large shafts (say, in a common size used in South
Wales, 18 feet by 10 feet) causes serious delay to the
progress of the work.
In boring, it has been customary to use a borer, the
body of wMch was made of wrought iron, and the bit or
end of the borer of shear steel welded on to the iron.
No attempt appears ever to have been made to fix any
•definite proportion between the size of the stock or
iiandle and the breadth of the bit; and from this cause a
very great portion of the power of the striker has been
uselessly expended.
The use of cast-steel borers is, in some respects, en-
tirely new as applied to mining, and by the superior
horcmess of cost steel as compared with shear steel,
greatly expedite the process of boring, and save expense;
they have also an advantage in trau/>mitting the force of
the hammer to the bit, on accoimt of their stiffness or
rigidity; and, further, to prevent loss of power, it is of
importance that the bit should be so proportioned to the
handle or stock as to work freely in the bore-hole, and,
at the same time, spring or bend as little as possible
imder the blow of the hammer. The following propor-
tions appear to answer these conditions : —
niamxter of
Kretdth or
Ostagon Cast Steel.
Face or lUt.
1 inch
\\ inch
n .,
1J ,,
1* »
2 „
4 ',',
2* ,.
H „
The suction-pipe now used by the exhibitor is about
20 feet in length, is made of gutta percha, and supersedes
the use of the leather Hogar, and stock and slide; it is not
liable to accident, and can be repaired easily; it enables
the pump-hole to be made in any part of the shaft, and a
greater number of men to work in the shaft at one time.
The introduction of electricity as the power for blasting
in connection with the improvements before explained, may
be said to constitute a new era in the history of mining.
The apparatus at present used for blasting is a Grove's
battery of six inches square: this is placed in some con-
venient position near the top of the shaft; two copper
wires, coated with gutta percha, are carried down the
shaft, and these are connected to other wires inserted in
a small cartridge which is placed in the charge of powder
for blasting; the cortridgoii are formed thus —
e, f, are two thin copper wires covered with gutta percha,
and twisted together at </, </, to any length required, ac-
cording to the depth of the hole; 6 is a piece of wood
placed to separate the wires to the distance of about
^ths of an inch apart, so that the fine platinum wire in-
serted and soldered into the copper at a shall not be
liable to be broken in tamping, or otherwise injured; and
further to guard against tliis, a thin case or tube of pine
wood is tied over the wire and distance piece of wood at
c, d, and the platinum wire covered with fine powder,
the end of the tube secured at A by paper covering, and
the whole case varnished over with a solution of shellac
in naphtha. This plan of preparing the cartridge is
found by experience very certain and effective ; but
many other modes can be easily used to obtain the same
end.
Fig. 2.
Let fig. 1. be the section, and fig. 2. the plan of a shaft in
courae of sinking. Let J, il, J, d, be the wires leading to
the electric battery, then at a, a, a, is shown the manner
in which the holes ore placed tu first penetrate a stream
of rook (or "enter it" as termed by miners); whei-e one
hole only can be fired, the difficulty and delay of entering
Kingdom.]
Class 1.— MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS.
South Side — Abkas 3. 1 to S. 27.
161
very hard rock is often serioua, and a work of great coat
and time. By the method now used three or more holes
are bored as shown at a, a, a, and all fired at the same
instant of time from the electric battery : the effect of this
is to lift up and separate tha entire rock contained in the
space between a, a, a; after this as many holes as are re-
quired are bored in the position shown at 6, b, b, b, and
simultaneously exploded; the effect of this is to rend the
rock from the side of the shaft in mRSses weighing tons
each; three or four holes if well placed when ured simul-
taneously produce more effect than double the number of
holes would do if fired separately. Perfect safety from
accident to the miners while blasting is secured; and it is
not necessary for any workman to leave the bottom of
the shuft until the arrangements for firing are completed,
and the power of the battery to produce the blast tested.
[The Abercam stone, worked in the coal-grit of Mon-
mouthshire, has an argillo-silicious cement, and is rather
micaceous. There are 25 feet of workable stone, and
large blocks can be procured. It is very durable, and
not expeiisive. It weighs about 1 C8 lbs. to the cubic foot.
— D. T. A.]
431 WAI.E8, J., A'etcc'istle — Producer.
Model of coal mine, old flint wheel, and Davy-lamps.
432 Wood, H. L., Newcastle— Froducer.
Undei-ground working of coal.
434 TAYixm, R., P.G.S., London — Proprietor.
Model of the machinery and apparatus used for dressing
the inferior copper ores called halvans, at the Tywaru-
haile mines, the property of His Royal Highness the
Prince of Wales, in the Duchy of Cornwall, consisting of—
Crushing mill, which pulverizes the ore more effec-
tually than the common stamping mills.
Reservoir for receiving the pulverized mineral, and
passing it, by the action of a stream of water, to the
shaking trunk.
Self-acting shaking-trunk, in which the mineral is sepa-
rated into proper sizes, for the subsequent processes, by
means of a revolving cylindrical sieve, instead of the or-
dinary process of shaking or stUTing it with shovels in a
stream of water.
A tye, for cleaning the rough grain ore which does not
pass through the cylindrical sieve, and preparing for sale
part of the ore which settles at the head.
Double lever jigging machine, for dressing the poorer
poi-tion of the mineral from the tye, technically called
the tails: by a single operation of this machine, the
earthy matter is separated frem the ore, and rendered fit
for sale. With some qualities of halvans^ the use of the
tye is dispensed with, and the rough grain comes direct
from the shaking sieve to the jigging machine.
Round huddle, for dressing the fine-grained mineral,
which passes through the sieve and settles in the shaking-
trunk; the ore which it contains is rendered fit for sale
by being twice huddled.
Slime pit, for receiving those portions of the mineral
which are reduced to so fine a powder as to be carried
away, in the shaking and other processes, by the stream
of water.
Self-acting trunks, for removing a large propoi-tion of
the earthy matter contained iu the slimes; when thus
concentrated, the slime ore is rendered fit for sale, by
being twice huddled.
Specimens of the mineral in its several states of pre-
paration, and of the clean ore, accompany the model.
435 RuEL, Hugh William, 175 ffijh Holbom —
Manufacturer and Producer.
Crucibles for assaying, &c.
436
MoREWOOD & Rogers, Sleel Yard Wiarf, Upper
T/mtnes Street — Inventors and Manufacturer.
1. Patent galvanized tinned iron con-ugated sheet,
Ufed in the erection and roofing of buildings; fire-proof.
and not liable to be attacked by vermin. Posaesses
great strength, combined with lightness.
2. Patent galvanized tinned iron sheet, corrugated, nnd
curved; used in the construction of roofs, verandahs, &o.
3. Patent galvanized tinned iron sheet, applicable
to most of the purposes for which zinc, iron, or tin-plate
are used.
4. Sheet of galvanized tinned iron.
5. Patent stamped tile of galvanized tinned iron, used
for roofing of buildings. Is more easily fixed than any
other kind of metallic roofing; is less liable to be dis-
turbed by the wind, or otherwise get out of order; and
also packs close for shipment
All the above possess the strength of iron, with per-
fect protection from rust.
6. Sample of exhibitors' patent tin-plate, more durable
and cheaper than the ordinary tin-plate ; used for many of
the purposes to which tin-plate is applied, and is manu-
factured in various-sized sheets up to 8 feet long and 3
feet wide.
7. Specimens of moulded gutters and architectural
mouldmgs, made of exhibitors patent galvanized tinned
iron.
8. Samples of Morewood and Rogers's patent plumbio
zinc. A new article, consisting of sheet zinc encased iu
lead; combines the strength of zinc with the power of
lead in resisting the action of acids, &c.
9. Sample of patent ferric sheet lead. A new article,
combining the pliancy (and power of resisting weather
and acids) of lead with the strength of iron. Used for
roofing, and other purposes to which sheet load is
applied. May be used much thinner than sheet lea<l,
which renders it cheaper than that material, and it is not
liable to pucker and crack from the action of the sun.
10. Sample of exhibitors' patent compound iron and
copper wire, the copper being external ; possesses the
strength of iron combined with the durability and con-
ducting power of copper. Used for electric telegraph
and most purposes to which copper wire is applied.
11. Sample of exhibitors' patent compound iron and
brass wire, the brass being external.
12. Sample of exhibitors' patent compound iron and
lead wire; possesses the strength of iron with the dura-
bility and economy of lead.
437 VniLLE Montague Zinc Minino Company.
H. F. ScHMOLL, General Agent, 12 Manchester
Buildmjs, 'Westminster — Producer.
Colossal statue of The Queen on her throne, in the
attributes of royalty, eighteen feet high, in imitation of
bronze, sculptured by M. Dantin, sen., and cast in zinc by
M. Paillard, Paris. {Nave — Foreiijn side.)
Busts of The Queen and H.R.H. Prince Albert, life size,
in imitation of bronze, sculptured by Francis.
Statuette of Sir Robert Peel, two feet high, in imita-
tion of bi-onze, sculptured by Noble.
Eos, favourite greyhound of H.R.H. Prince Albert, life
size, in imitation of bronze, sculptured by Francis; all
cast in zinc by Karl Schroder, of Loudon.
Model of sections of HerM^esty'sship "Albion," two-
decker, of 90 guns, bolted with zinc bolts and painted with
ziiie paint; by Philip Trant, working shipwright of the
Royal Dockyard, Plymouth; these bolts and butts do
not rust like iron bolts; they have great strength and
durability, and are cheaper than copper bolts.
Model of a frigate of 50 guns, sheathed with zinc and
painted with zinc paint; also by Tront.
[Castings in zinc are bronzed in two ways : one is simply
the application of a kind of paint, and the otlicr is by
producing on the surface an actual coating of cujiper by
electro-chemical action. The use of zinc bolts is of veiy
recent introduction; they appear less liable than iron
to corrosion, unless thoy foi-m part of a galvanic current,
when they are rapidly destroyed. Zinc castings bronzed
are very durable, and can be produced at a moderate cost.
— R. H.]
162
CiABS l.—MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS.
SODTH SlDB— ABEAS S. 1 TO S. 27.
[United
437a Jack, Chablbs, 8 and 0 Tattenhmn Court, New
Soml, and 80 Upper T/uimea Street — Importer
and Manufacturer,
Specimens of perforated zino, of varioui patterns;
mouldings, sash bars, blinds, and other articles of general
utility; manufactured from the zinc imported by "La
Vieille Moutagne Zinc Company of Belgium."
438 Oloveb, T., ClerkenueU—layenioT and
Manufacturer.
Meters; and the large gas-meter for measuring the gaa
supplied to the Exhibition Building.
439 Beroer, Frederick, 12 Cw-nAiV/— Producer.
Specimens of native red and grey copper ores, from
Trenance mines, Cornwall. These deposits were taken
from the lode now working in the serpentine formation,
being part of a slab of copper of .SO feet in length; pro-
duce 96 per cent. The grey ore produces 78 per cent.
[The general condition o» copper in the serpentine
rocks is curious. Fissures rtmning through these rocks
are filled in with heterogeneous matters, an occasional
slab of native copper being found in the crack. It has
not hitherto been luual to discover more than a few
isolated patches of copper ore; and Trenance mine, on
the junction of the serpentine with the horublendin
slate, is a remarkable exception, producing native copper,
tho grey sulphuret of copper, and the red oxide of
copper. — R. H.]
440 BoUTHO, Edward, Fetiiance — Producer.
Model of a reverberatory tin smelting furnace and cir-
cular table, 51 inches in diameter. The table revolves
on rollers. The model stands in the centre of the table,
and is surrounded by specimens of various ores prepared
for smelting, as well as products from the smelting works.
[Near this is placed a model of the dressing floors,
in one of the mines of the Duchy of Cornwall, in
which will be found illustrations of the mode of washing,
&c. The tin ores containing arsenic and sulphur are
submitted to a roasting process to expel these, and such
as contain wolfram are treated by some chemical method,
such as that devised by Mr. Oxland, and elsewhere de-
scribed. The tin ores are then submitted to the smelting
process, as shown in this model, a portion of carbon being
employed to prevent the oxidation of the metal. — R. H,]
441 LoNOMAro, William, London — Manufacturer.
Rock salt, chloride of sodium, from Cheshire. Ore,
cupreous pyrites, containing sulphur, copper, silver, oxide
of tin, iron, silica, &c., from Cornwall. Salt and ore, mixed
and ground. Sulphate ash, the calcined product of the
former, containing sulphate of soda, chlorides of silver
and copper in a soluble state, and oxides of tin and iron,
silica, and other insolnlile matters. Bleacliing powder,
hypochlorite of lime, t j chlorine of which is obtained by
passing a current of dried eut through a close furnace
(heated externally) in which the ore and salt are in process
of calcination. Silver and copper precipitate, and their
produce. Glauber's salts, crystallized sulphate of soda.
Salt cake, anhydrous sulphate of soda. Black ash, con-
taining caustic and carbonated soda, sulphide of calcium,
and coal. Crude alkali, the lixiviated product of crocus.
Purified alkali, or carbonate of soda, obtained from the
former. Crystallized carbonate of soda. Bicarbonate
of soda. Insoluble portion of sulphate ash. Crocus,
oxide of iron, separated from the former by elutriation
— iron the produce. Tin ore, binoxide of tin, obtained
fh>m the residual matters of the insoluble porUon of sul-
phate ash, by further elutriation, as practised at the mines
of Cornwall and Devon, in heating tin ores — tin the pro-
duce. Roman, or blue vitrei, sulphate of copper, obtained
from copper precipitate, by oximzing the precipitate and
treating it with sulphuric acid. Carburetted oxide of
iron. Black ash waste. Black and brown iron pahit.
Limestone, carbonate of lime.
[The following is a simple explanation of the euentiol
details of this process : —
Copper pyrites (the double sulphur et of copper and iron)
is combined with salt (c/Moride of sodium), and roasted at
a certain moderate temperature. By this, a double de-
composition is effected. Sulphate of soda is produced by
tho combination of the sulphur of the ore with oxygen,
to form, first, sulphuric acid, which then unites with
the soda of the chloride of sodium. The copper is also
converted into a soluble sulphate, the iron being left in a
state of peroxidation, and the chlorine liberated, which is
employed in the manufacture of bleaching powder. — R.H.]
441a Richards, Alfred, Redruth, Cornwall — Designer.
Sectional model of East Pool Mine copper lode, Corn-
wall; showing its direction by an east and west line
marked at the base of the model, and the underlies by a
perpendicular shaft. The excavations show where the
lode has been developed, and whether it has been worked
profitably; the levels, winzes, pitches, &c., are labelled.
This method of modelling is considered to have an
advantage over sections drawn on paper, as it shows the
dir 3ctiou and underlies of the lodos.
442 Breadalbane, Marquis of, lUynwuth, Aberfeldy,
Perth — Producer.
Specimens from the copper mine of Tomuadashin, on
the south side of Loch Tay, Perthshire.
443
Redruth Local Committee, Redruth —
Collectors and Producers.
Specimens of copper ore from various mines in Corn-
wall: illustrations of the various processes it undergoes
in preparation for the market, together with the methods
for determining the percentage of pure copper. Spe-
cimens of the stratum in which the ore is found.
No.
DeKription of Ore.
Mine.
Yellow ore . . .
Yellow with fltior tpiir.
k Yellow ore .
Yellow, grey, and black
Grey ore . • •
Grey ore ...
Black and grey . .
Black in Goaan .
Black in Uoaan .
AliVed Conaola
Wheal Buller.
Tywamhayle •
Wheal Buller.
East Crofty .
Treviskey . .
South Frances
Cam Brea . .
Treviskey . .
South Basaett.
South Frances
Wheal Buller.
South Frances
Pariah.
Gwinear
Hedruth
Illogan .
Bedruth
Illogan ,
Gwennap
niogan .
Illogan .
Gwennap
lUogan ,
Illogan .
Bedruth
Illogan ,
Stratum.
Slate.
Granite.
Slate.
Granite.
Slate.
( Granite
\ & Slate.
.Granite.
[The county of Cornwall is the most important mineral
district of the United Kingdom, for the number of its
metalliferous minerals, many of which are not found in
any other part of our islands. At a very early period of
oi<r history, mines were worked around the sea-coasts of
Cornwall, of which the evidences are still to be seen at
Tol-pedden-Penwith, near the Land's End; in Gwennap,
near Truro; and at Cadgwith, near the Lizard Point.
The traditionary statements that the Phoenicians traded
for tin with the Britons in Cornwall, are very fairly
supported by corroborative facts; and it is not impro-
bable that the Ictcs, or Iktis, of the ancients was St.
Michael's Mount, near Penzance.
In the reign of King John, the mines of the western
portion of England apperr to have been principally in the
hands of the Jews. The mod.is of working mus^ have
been very crude, and their metallurgical processes exceed-
ingly rough. From time to time the remains of furnaces,
called /euV houses, have been discovered, and small
KiNODOH.]
Class 1.— MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS.
South Side— Abbas S. 1 to 8. 27.
168
blocks of tin, known aa Jemi tin, have not unfrequently
been found in the mining localities.
Till a comparatively recent date, tin was the only
metal which was sought for; and, in many oases, the mines
were abandoned when the miners came to the " yellows,"
that is, the yellow sulphuret of copper. The greatest
quantity of tin has been produced by " streaming" (as
washing the debris in the valleys is termed); and this
variety, called ' ' stream tin," produces the highest price in
the market.
The conditions under which these deposits occur, are
curious and instructive. At the Camon Tin Stream
Works, north of Falmouth, the rounded pebbles of tin
are foimd at a depth of about 50 feet from the surface,
beneath the bottom of an estuary, where trees are dis-
covered in their place of growth, together with human
skulls, and the remains of deer, amidst the vegetable accu-
mulations which immediately cover the stanniferous beds.
According to Mr. Henwood's measurement, the section
presents first about 50 feet of silt and gravel; then a bed
of 18 inches in thickness of wood, leaves, nuts, &o.,
i-esting on the tin ground, composed of the debris of
quartz, slate, and granite, and the tin ore. At the Fen-
tuan Works, near St. Austell, similar deposits occur,
proving a material alteration in the level during the period
expended in the formation of this deposit. Tin is also
worked out of the lode in many parts, the ore occurring
both in the slate and the granite formations. The modes
of "dressing" the tin ore, preparing it for the smelter,
and the processes of smelting, are illustrated in the
Exhibition.
There has been a remarkable uniformity in the quantity
of tin produced in Cornwall during a long period, as will
be seen from the following table: —
Price per Cwt
Yean.
Ton*.
£. i.
1750
1,600
• •
1760
1,800
.,
1770
2,000
• •
1780
1,800
3 0
1790
2,000
3 15
1800
1,500
5 0
1810
1,400
7 0
1820
1,700
3 5
1830
3,500
3 0
1840
5,000
3 15
The produce of this metal within the last fi
len as follows: —
Yean.
Tons.
1844
7,507
1845
7,739
1846
8,945
1847
10,072
1848
10,176
1849
10,719
The copper mines, now so important, were so little
worked until a recent period, that, in 1799, we are told
in a Report on the Cornish mines, " it was not imtil the
beginning of the last century that copper was dis-
covered in Britain." This is not correct, for in 1250, a
copper mine was worked near Keswick, in Cumberland.
Edward III. granted an indenture to John Ballanter and
Walter Bolbolter, for working all "mines of gold, silver,
and copper:" but that the quantity found was very small
is proved from the fact, that Acts of Farliament were
passed in the reigns of Henry VIII. and Edward VI., to
prevent the exportation of brass and copper, " lest
there should not be metal enough kft in the kingdom fit
for making giuis and other engines of war, and for house-
hold utensils:" and in 1665, the calamine works are
encorn»ged by the Oovemment, as " the continuing these
works m Elngland will occasion plenty of rough copper to
be brought in."
At the end of the seventeenth century, some ' ' gentlemen
from Bristol made it their business to inspect the Cornish
mines, and bought the copper for two pounds ten shillings
per ton, and scarce ever more than four pounds a ton."
In 1700, one Mr. John Costar introduced an hydraulic
engine into Cornwall, by which he succeeded in draining
the mines, and " he taught the people of Cornwall also a
better way of assaying and dressing the ore,"
The value and importance of the copper mines since
that period has been reg^arly increasing. During a
term of about 30 years, 220 mines have sold their ores at
the public sales. The following table, from a report by
Sir Charles Lemon, Bart., M.P., represents the progrosa
of copper mining, from 1771 to 1837: —
Yean.
Tons of Ore,
Tons of
Total Value
Standard Value
Copper.
of Ore.
per Ton.
£.
£.
1771
27,896
3,347
189,609
81
1780
24,433
2,932
171,231
83
1799
51,273
4,223
469,664
121
1800
55,981
5,187
550,925
133
1802
53,937
5,228
445,094
111
1805
78,452
6,234
864,410
170
1808
67,867
6,795
495,303
100
1809
76,245
6,821
770,028
143
1812
71,547
6,720
549,665
111
1814
74,322
6,369
627,501
130
1816
77,334
6,697
447,959
98
1818
86,174
6,849
686,005
135
1821
98,426
8,514
605,968
103
1825
107,454
8,226
726,353
124
1827
126,710
10,311
745,178
106
1831
146,502
12,318
817,740
100
1837
140,753
10,823
908,613
119
The produce of the copper mine,^
1845, has been as follows:
Ore
in Tons.
162,557
150,431
155,985
147,701
146,326
155,025
of Cornwall, since
Coop
in Tons.
12,883
11,851
12,754
12,422
11,683
12,254
Money Value.
S. I.
919,934
796,182
889,287
720,090
763,614
840,410
_ Cofper
Yean.
1845
1846
1847
1848
1849
1850
With the improvements in the construction of the
steam-engine, the facilities for working the mines have
been increased. The first steam-engine employed in the
covmty was set to work at Huel Vor Tin Mine, near Hel-
stone, in 1713, by Newcomen; but it was not until the
reconstruction of the engine was efiected by Watt, that
steam power was generally employed for draining the
mines. The rapid advance made by Cornish engineers in
the perfection of their engines will be seen by the follow-
ing rettun of the duty, that is, the performance of each,
which is reckoned by the number of millions of pounds
lifted a foot high by the consumption of a bushel of
coals :—
Name of Mine.
Stray Park, 1813 . . .
Dolcoath, 1816 . . . ■
Consolidated Mines, 1822
Consolidated Mines, 1827
Fowey Consols, 1834 . .
United Mines, 1842 . .
Hlglieat Duty,
29,000,000
40,000,000
44,000,000
67,000,000
97,000,000
108,000,000
164
Ci,A8B 1.— MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS.
BoiTTH Bide — Abkab S. 1 to S. 27.
[Uritid
A brief statement of the quantity of ooala consumed
per month, in a few of the principal mine*, will show the
extent to which ateam power is now employed.
Buiheb ar(4 Vm,
Fowey Consols, 1835 . . . 101,316
Godolphin, 1839 .... 120,801
Fowey Consols, 1840 . . . 203,699
United Mines, 1842 . . . 84,862
Two examples of Cornish engines may be seen near the
Metropolis, one at the Elast London Water Works, and
the other at Brentford,
The lead miuiH of Cornwall have produced of the
argentiferous sulphuret, during five years, the following
number of tons of ore: —
1845
1846
1847
1848
1849
CWUitiRton . . .
Huel Muy Ann . •
990
1,138
1.249
957
623
• •
m
192
334
8:3
Comubiwi . .
420
,,
,,
■ •
• •
K. and W. lUven
16
, ,
, ,
• •
,,
Huel TreUwney . .
2H0
529
883
413
1,296
('■mellbrd . . .
v.;o
,,
,,
,,
, ,
E. Hu«l How . .
7,8i»
5.191
6,424
9,333
4.:5J
N. Uuel KOM . .
,,
, ,
84
30
75
<:«H;ol ....
S5
30K
954
9l>4
50)
Osnamt . . .
183
47
470
2t9
HuelKon . . .
57
375
378
399
107
Huel Penrae . .
116
11
,,
, ,
Holmbush . .
12
60
154
103
HewQu«y . . .
73
,,
,.
1 •
• •
Pnrthleven . . .
8
82
, ,
I'entite ....
• •
34
,,
,^
(;ubert ....
136
364
68
Leman ....
,,
30
73
Huel Concord .
,,
30
30
Huel Ttehane .
^^
312
^,
459
Herodaooombe .
, ,
37
375
721
1,0V)
Great Callertoek Moon
109
Calleatock . . .
• •
116
179
Trevorden . . .
28
Huel Henhale . .
90
Huel Golden
,^
80
Cartheu Coniob . .
•
• •
• •
43
The produce of zinc is not easily attainable, but it is now
somewhat considtirable, as is -dso that of arsenic, and of the
iron pyrites, used in the manofacture of sulphuric acid.
The number of individuals employed in 59 Cornish
copper mines, was computed by Sir Charles Lemon, in
1837, to be—
Men .... 10,624
Women . . . 3,802
Children . . . 3,490
The men alone work underground; the womer and
children ore employed on the surface, picking and dressing
the ore.
Mr, W. J, Henwood estimates the number employed at —
Men .... 18,472
Women . . . 5,764
Children . . . 5,764
30,000
Beside the minerals peculiarly industrial, a very large
variety of beautiful minerf^iogical specimens are produced
in the county. A. laige trade in kaolin — china-clay — is
carried on; and of the building and ornamental stones
of Cornwall, granitiis, slates, porpLyries, serpentines, and
other kinds, a considerable variety in the natural state,
and wrought into articles of use and ornament, will be
found in the Exhibition. The accompanying map is
intended to furnish information as to the metalliferous
mineral wealth of Qre&t Britain generally, and the site of
different mines is represented by symbols which will
render the map intelligible as a means of reference in
studying the metalliferous minerals in Class 1,— R, H,]
444 Ortlus, S,, k Rborotr CoimiTTBa — Produocn.
A large maaa of copper pyrites.
445 Lean, J., W«st Caradm Mine, Lisk«ard—Trod\xo»r.
Qrey and native copper ore,
446 PccKET, John, St. Blaxey, St. Auttell— Agent.
Mass of copper ore, about 1,500 lbs, in weight, fivm
Par Consols Mine, St. Blazer, Cornwall, This specimen
contains some quartz and chlorite, and shows the " walls"
and inclination of the lode,
[The produce of this mine for some years has been aa
follows : —
Yean.
1845
1846
1847
1848
1849
1850
H,]
Ore
In Tom.
5,655
6,065
6,101
8,470
12,228
7,152
Copper In
Tons, Cwu.
464 10
657
625
914
736
641
12
10
8
9
2
ToUl Value.
£.
30,881
35,144
42,953
52,35.')
47,249
44,090
447 Weliborne, W,, Bodmin — Producer.
Specimens of iron ore.
448 Tavlob, J,, Comwall-
Iron ores from Restormel,
-Producer.
449 Drew, Joseph, St. Atittell — Producer,
Iron ore, magnetic and oxidulated, from the Trerank
mine, near St. Austell, Brown haoniatite, from the same
mine. Iron ores. Red hssmatite, fr iia Treverbyn mine.
450 Bennett, Carr, & Co., ifoorgjte Street — Producers.
Copper ores, gossan, &o., St. Brenard, Cornwall.
451 Ta¥U)R, R.— Producer.
Mining took, as used in the Cornish mines.
452 DucHT OF CoRNWAUr— Producer.
Sections of Cornish copper mines.
453 Devon Oreat Consoudated Copper Mining
Company, Tavistock — Producer.
Specimens of copper ore,
454 Seooombe, Samuel, PKanix Mines, Liskeard —
Producer.
Specimens of tin and copper ore, and gossan. Pieces of
copal and of the stratum m>m the side of the lode, — All
from one lode in Phcenix mines in the parish of Lenking*
home, near Liskeard,
Specimens of fire-bricks.
Specimen of native copper from West Caradon muie.
Piece of barytes from Wheal Mary Ann.
455 Wia.LBOKSE, W., Bodmin — Producer.
Specimens of tin ore and tin.
456 Readwin, T. A., iVinche.tter Buildings— Ptoducor.
Tin atone, from Wheal August-*, St. Just,
457 Diamond, J,, Tavistocli — Producer.
Sijecimeos of tin ore, from Wheal Mary,
457a Bird, J., Wallwyd, Merioneth, Wales — Proprietor,
Specimen of silver lead ore, weigliing350 lbs,, contain-
ing 16 cwt. 3 qra, \0 lbs. of lesul per ton, S'.'J oz, of HJlver
per ^ 1.1 <>.' 'eod, extracted from the gi-eat Cowoi-ch silver
lea^ ' 3iii'j, which has been in work seven years, and is
situate on the Browddwy estate, the property of the
exhibitor. Exported from Aberdovey, North Wales,
458 Collett, Wm, R., Oort, County Qalway — Producer.
Cahirglissaun silver-lead ore; found in carbonate of
lime between Oort and Kinvara, County Qalway, Ireland.
The parting assay of Messrs, Johnson is—
KniaDOU.]
CtABB 1.— MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS.
South Side— Abeas 8. 1 to 8. 27.
168
L«ad 45
Copper 21
Sulphur 23
Antimony and OTMnio ... 8
Silver 11
Earthy matter and lo8a . . 1 '9
100-0
About 30 tons of thiR ore have been raised last year.
It is much esteemed in the market.
459 Blee, Robert, Redruth — Inventor.
Safety bucket to be used in mines for drawing up per-
sons or produce. This bucket is furnished with guides
to run in grooves which extend along the whole depth or
shaft of the pit. To the guides are fixed strong crooks
to which the drawing-rope is attached. So long as the
tension of the rope continues, the crooks are held in over
the bucket. Should the rope break, and its tension
con;^uently cease, the crooks are immediately thrown
out by springs, which constantly act on them, and cause
the crooks to take hold on the iron staves of strong
ladders fixed at the back of the grooves throughout their
length.
460 PoLKiNGHOBNE, W., Fowey Consols Mine, Tyeward-
reath — Inventor.
A synopsis of the Cornwall ticketings for copper ores
from 1800 to the present time; together with a synopsis
of the Swansea ticketings from 1815 to the same period;
which contains the following information, viz., the
standard, produce, price, and quantity of copper ores
sold, amount of monev realised, and the quantity of fine
copper produced, with the respective fluctuations for
each year, as well as for every six years; exhibiting also
the totals and averages for the whole period collectively.
The object of this synopsis is to show to all interested m
the copper trade, at one glance, the state of the copper
market during the past half century. The novelty of
this document consists in its arrangement, and the in-
vention of the diagram, which shows the different valua-
tions of the standard each year by coloured lines, differ-
ing in length, so that for the highest, lowest, or inter-
mediate years, the observer, by following the line, can
at once obtain the information he requires without scan-
ning the columns. This synopsis, from its valuable
tabular matter, will be useful not only to miners, but to
statists in general.
461 MiCHEiiL, F.-
Fick for dressing granite.
-Producer.
462 Arthur, J. — Inventor.
Appnratus for lifting pumps from mines full of water.
463 Eddy, J. — Inventor.
Apparatus for lifting pumps.
464 Trgsize, T., Pcrran Founderij — Maker.
Model of improved smelting furnace.
465 Vincent, T., Rednith — Producer.
Model of a steam-engine by a working miner.
466 HosKiNO, R., Perrnn FounJery, Falnwut/i —
Producer.
Model of compound valve for pumps.
467 The Truro Local Committee — Producers.
Articles illustrating lead, from East Wlieel Rose, near
Truro, Fentire Glaze, near Wadebridge, and other Cornish
mines.
[Wheel, or wheal, appended to the names of moat of
the Cornish mines, is a corruption from an old word,
probably Cornish, Huel, which was employed to signify
a mine.
East Wheel Rose has proved the most productive lead
mine in the west of England, the returns of lead from
this mine being for a few years as follows : —
Ynn. On in Ton*. Lesd in Tona.
184Q
7,883
6,191
1846
4,729
3,114
1847
6,424
3,854
1848
4,758
2,850
1849
5,333
3,191.— R. H.]
468 The Truro Local Committee — Producers.
Articles, illustrating tin, from various Cornish mines
(supplied by Qeorge NicoUs Simmons, Mr. Henry Bor-
row, of Truro; Capt. Webb, of St. Austell; Capt. Evans,
of St. Agues; Mr. J. N. R. Millett, of Penzance; and
other gentlemen, from Great Beam Mine, near St. Austell,
Budnick Mine, in Perranzabulal, Rocks Mine, in St.
Agnes, Friendly Mines, in St. Agnes; Mineral Court
Mine, in St. Stephen's, and from various mines in tiio
Peuzonce district), exhibiting the ore in its various stages
until it leaves the miner's hands as black-grain tin.
A block of white tin very free from impurity, the produce
of Mineral Coui't Mine, supplied by the shareholdei's,
and a rude smelted block of tin supplied by Mr. G. N.
Simmons, found in Lodock, near Truro, and supposed
to have been smelted when the Phccnicions traded to
Cornwall for tin.
[Tin appears to have been raised in Cornwall from a
very early period. Traditionary evidence, supported by
strong corroboi-ativo facta, appears to prove that the
kingdoms around the Mediterranean Sea were supplied
with tin from Cornwall by the Phoenician merchants at
a very early date. The circumstance of this metal being
found in the beds of streams, and in deposits at the base
of the primary rocks, from which it could be obtained
without much labour, may have been the cause of its
being early known to the Britons.
The oxide of tin is usually found deposited in beds in
water-worn pebbles, and mixed with the debris of the
neighbouring hills. There can be but little doubt that
these tin deposits are the result of the disintegrating
action of the atmospheric causes and of water; some of
the tin beds, 30 or 50 feet from the present surface, con-
tain vegetable matter, as branches of trees, and large logs
of wood; and at Camou stream works, human skulls were
discovered amidst the debris, 53 feet below the surface.
Tin is also found in the lode, either as peroxide,
cupreous-sulphuret of tin, or tin pyrites, the analysis of
the peroxide giving — peroxide of tin, 96"265; silica, 0-750;
peroxide of iron and manganese, 3-395.
Many indications of early tin-minmg are to be found
in Cornwall, as stated in a preceding note. For many
centuries the Dukes of Cornwall drew a large revenue
from its tin. The tin when smelted into blocks was
forwarded to the nearest coinage town, +here to be
stamped by the Duchy officers, who cut a piece off the
corner of each block, which was retained as the Duchy's
dues. In 1337, Edword the Block Prince was created
Duke of Cornwall, and then the average profit of the
coinage was 4,000 marks per annum. In 1814, the
revenues to the Duchy from tin was about 8, 500/., and the
average tin revenue from 1820, to the abolition of the
coinages in October, 1838, has been estimated at 12,000/.,
per annum. In 1750, about 2,000 tons of tin were pro-
duced in Cornwall, and in 1838, about 5,000; since that
period the quantity cannot be accurately ascertained, the
trade in tin being in the hands of a few, and the purchases
of ore being usually made by private contract, — R, H.]
160
qi,AM 1.— MINING ANB MINERAL PRODUCTS.
PouTii Side— Abka8 8, 1 to 8. 27.
[Umitkd
.P^'
A-
469 Local Coiiiiittbb, St. Atutell—CoWtotor,
Alluvium, in whiolt ■treMn tin ore is found. The ore
••prepared for sale. Specimens of pebbles of tin ore.
Building stones from the vicinity of St. Austell, pre-
pared in cubes.
470 Weumrne, J. W., St. Austell, and 38 Albemarle
Street — Producer.
Slab of rosin tin ore, fhim the I'nr Cnn«olii Mine, near
St. Austell, Cornwall.
Stone of the magnetic oxide of iron, from Roche Rock
iron mine.
Sulphuret of copper, or yellow copper ore, from
Bodmm Wheal Mary Consols, near Bodmin.
471
Whttk & Qrant, Dalnt'imock Road, Olasgow —
Inventors and Manufacturers.
Patent safety cage and detaching catch for mine-shafts,
to prevent accidents from the breaking or over-winiUng
of ropes or chains.
472 HosKINO, R., Perran, Cornwall — Inventor.
Reversing apparatus, for horse whim and stamping
machinery.
473 Swansea Committee, Swansea — Mnuufaoturers.
Specimens of copper ore, and of calcined ere, blistered
and refined copper, See.
474 Taylor, John, London — Producer.
Collection of rare and metalliferous motuls.
475 Thorne, Wiluam, Barnstaple — Proprietor.
Pseudomorphic spathose iron, showing the structure of
box and slipper specimens ; yellow sulphuret of copper;
peacock copper; foliated mundic and crystallized white
2uartz; from the Virtuous Lady Mine, near Tavistock,
tevon.
[These singular formations are due to the deposit of
the sulphuret of iron upon crystals of sulphate of lime,
which have been dissolved out subsequently. They have
been rarely met with in any other mine. — R. H.]
Crystallized white iron, with lead and Fahlei-tz ores,
containing silver, tvom the Combmartin Mines, in North
Devon.
Specimens of killas, or day slate, white iron, crystal-
lized white quartz, mundic, and lead and Fahlertz ores,
from the Wheal Qolden Mine, Perranzabuloe, Cornwall.
Hydraulic cement and raw mineral paint, from Bicking-
ton Quarry, near Barnstaple, Devon.
Ashlar-sto'^e, hone-stone, clay, and granite gravel,
from Tavistock, near Barnstaple.
476 QoODHALE & Reeves, for the liingeritje Nickel Work,
Vif/ersund, eid Drammen, Norway — ProprietoiB
and Producers.
Kickel ore; from mines in the district of Ringerige, in
Norway (about thirty miles north-west from Christiania),
worked only last year: containing 2-80 percent, nickel,
with 40*46 sulphur, 56-03 iron, and 0-40 copper.
[The Norwegian mines have lately attracted much at-
tention in this country on account of the cobalt and nickel
ores they contain. — R. H.]
477 Johnson k Matthet, 79 ffatton Oarden —
Manufacturers.
Specimens of metals and metallic compounds: — Pla-
tinum crucibles, with eananle covers; and with ordinary
covers. Capsules, spatula, and lai^e basin of tliis metal;
oxide and sponge platinum.
Palladium; part of an ingot; a cup, soldered with fine
gold; another, smaller, raised with the hammer; alloy of
silver and palladium used by dentists and philosophical
instrument makers; oxide of palladium; and its salts,
red and yellow.
Iridium ; pure metallic in vase ; and the native alloy,
OS used for nibs of pens; its oxide and salts.
Rhodium; metallic in vase ; its crystal of sodo-chloride;
oxide; and phosphuret.
Uranium; its oxide; glass vessel showing the colour
produced by the oxide or uranium.
[Platinum was discovered by Ulloa in 1735, but it waa
first rendered available by Dr. WoUaston. The largest
supply of the metals platinum, palladium, iridium, rho-
dium, and uranium, is obtained from the Uralian Moun-
tains ; some is procured fW>m the alluvial deposits of Bra/i 1
and other parts of South America. These metals, except
uranium, are commonly found combined. Uranium is
procured flrom pitchblende, uranite, and other minerals
found in Cornwall and Bohemia. — R. H.]
[The colour produced by mixing a minute portion of
the oxide of uranium in a moss of molten glass is one
of the most beautiful colours obtained by art. It is a
charming golden green of an opalline lustre, so peculiar
as to distinguish it from all other colours in glass. —
E. K]
478 Pimm, Henry, & Co., 29 Newhall Street,
Birmimjham — Manufacturers.
Gold and silver leaf, and bronze powders.
479 Mathison, O. P., Royal Mint Refinery — Producer.
Sulphuric acid process of sepai-atiug gold, silver, and
copper.
480 Pattinson, Huoh Lee, Newcastle-upon-Tyne —
Inventor.
Specimens to illustrate the exhibitor's process for the
separation of silver from lead: viz., original lead; crys-
tallii,ed lead; slabs of lead, to show the form of the cnrs-
tals; rich lead; plate of silver obtained o^ submitting
rich lead to cupellation. Lai-ge drawing to illustrate the
process.
[This process of desilverizing lead is founded on the
physical fact, that lead crystallizes at a temperature above
that at which silver solidifies, and in this process of aggre-
gation, the silver is separated from the commoner metal.
It is effected by the use of hemispherical cast-iron pans,
holding about three tons of metal, which ai-e heated by a
fire bdlowthem; the argentiferotis lead is placed in these,
and melted, after which the fire is withdrawn, and all
made air-tight below. The workman now begins to agi-
tate the mass, which he does with on iron rake, removing
the solid parts from the edges, . solidification takes place.
With an iron strainer the solid crystals are removed as
fast as they are formed; these are nearly pure lead, the
liquid mass left behind being rich in silver. This process
is repeated three or four times, the mass left after the last
operation, which contains from 3 to 400 ounces of silver
to the ton, is then submitted to the process of cupellation,
by which the lead is oxidized, and the silver left in a state
of purity behind.
By the original method, lead ores containing less than
20 ounces of silver to the ton scarcely paid the expeuse
of working. By this process, ores containing only three
oimces to the ton, are made to yield their silver. — R. H.]
481 Hallett, George, Broadwall, Blackfriars —
Manufacturer.
Antimony. Sulphuret ore, from Sarawak, Borneo,
Leghorn, Tuscany; oxide ore, from Algeria. Refined
sulphuret of antimony, commercially known as " Crude
Antimony:" used in medicine, dyeing, pyrotechny, and
chemistry. — Metallic antimony, commercially known as
" Regulus," wth fracture shown; designated as "Best
bowl Regulus." Metallic antimony, more highly refined,
exhibiting its naturally crystallized, or femlike sm-facea,
and its fracture ; commercially known as ' ' Best Pi-ench qua-
[Unimb
»e native alloy,
lU. '
faodo-obloride;
fiag the colour
735, butitwaa
The largest
1, iridium, rho-
Uralian Moun-
epoaita of Braril
metals, except
• Uranium is
other minerals
1.
lute portion of
en glass is one
>y art. It is a
itre, so peculiar
ira in glass
loW Street,
'•i/— Producer,
old, silver, and
upon-Tyne—
process for the
inal lead; crys-
irm of the cijs-
oy submitting
bo illustrate the
}unded on the
iperature above
irooess of aggre-
mmoner metal,
cast-iron pans,
are heated by a
placed in these,
h-awn, and all
' begins to agi-
rake, removing
on takes place.
re removed aa
pure lead, the
This process
Ft after the laat
mces of silver
of cupellation,
left in a state
ning less than
1 the expeuNe
ing only three
ilver. — R. H.]
:kfriars —
(vak, Borneo,
iria. Refined
n as "Crude
•otechny, and
lly known as
bed as "Best
ighly refined,
like surfaces,
t French qua-
es o»
sialyl i
KlKODOM.]
Cl.AM \.
SO AND MINERAL PRODUCTS.
"^nm \BKAH H I TO 8. 27.
m
ft Old
'> ,•*"•!
iliiiiiiia
th till,
'1' rail-
lity Regulua."— Uiad prinolpally to hiu<U < .
duotilt uMtaJa; vii., with lead and tin t
with ooppar and tin (and aouMtlniM lea<l >. ' -i
or QuMn'a metal, pewter warei, fto. M. v
it haa of late been used an an anti-friotion ui
way aslea and other bearing*, in metallio ringa >/■'
for maohinery, &o. Aa thia alloy ia not ao much heated
by fk-iotlon aa the harder metida, leaa greaae ia oon-
aumed.
482 Hunt, John (per C. Botd, 15 Additon Road,
A'«)Uiiif/(ufl)— Inventor.
Machine for waahing poor alimy ore*, employed in
Brittany.
483 A Collection or Minkbal*,
Contributed by agenta and workmen connected with the
lead minea of Allendale, Alston Moor, Weardale, Cald-
beck, and Keawiok, including 2,000 Hpecimena, arranged
luul cemented together by Mr. Ibaac Kobinbon, of Nent-
head, f»r the Great Exhibition of 1851, under the general
Huperinteudence and direction of Mr. T. Bopwith, and a
Ooiuinlttee of Mining Agenta connected with the above
diatriota.
The following ia a catalogue of the above minerals : —
K«.
^4M( or MmiKAt.
tiocattiix.
OtinWatM.
No. Nahb or MiNiiAL.
LooUty.
Cuntrtbutor.
SO
'i\
22
23
■U
*i
26
87
28
29
8U
81
37
Matrix of quuti . . .
Uuuti
8ul)ilmret of lino tnd )
cuboiute of iron . ]
Qutfti
Cubonato and aulphu- )
nt of Iron . . . . )
inuor,(iappedwlth quarti
CarlionaUi of lime . . .
Sulphuret of ilnc, with \
carbonate of iron . 5
Fluor
Mulphuiet of line with \
carbonate of iron . 5
Madrepore comi, crya- \
tainted with quarti \
and carbonate of iron ;
Quart!
Quart!, with carbonate %
of Iron and lulphu- > '
ret of lino , , . , >\
Fluor and iulphuret of ) I
iron )
Fluor,oappedwith quartil
Sulphuret of tino, with )
iron pyritet. . . . )
Fluar,Gappod with quarti
Sulphuret of line and I
carbonate of Iron • 5
Carbonate of Iron and 't
lime with iulphuret \
of lino )
Quarti
Fluor
Carbonate of iron . . .
Fluor
Fluor,cappedwith quarti
Fluor, covered with )
arragonlte . . . . )
Quarti
Quarti with iulphuret )
of line ]
Fluor, with carbonate)
of Iron 5
Carl)onat« of Itme . . •
Sulphuret of tine and )
carbonate of iron . ]
Carbonate of iron, luU \
phuret of line with >
quarti I
Brown blend
Fluor
Sulphuret of line and >
arragonlte .... 5
Sulphurotjcappertwlth \
quarti {
Fluor and carbonate of )
iron )
Quarti, with iulphuret )
of line .5
Oulmiutte and lulphu- -v
mt of lion, with aul- >
phuret of line . , ;
Wnt Allendale
Nentliead . . •
Nenthead . . .
Nenthead • • .
Nenthead . . .
AUenheadi . .
Nenthead . . .
Nontliead . . .
Teeidale. . . •
Nenthead • . .
Nenthead . . •
Nenthead . . .
Nenthead . . .
AUenheadi • ■
AUenheadi • .
Allenheods . .
AUenheadi . .
Nentliead . ■ .
AUton Moor. .
Nenthead . • •
AUenheadi . .
Nenthead . • .
Nentliead . . .
Weardale Minea
Nenthead . . .
Nenthead . • .
Nenthead . . .
AUenheadi . .
Uarrigill. . . .
Nenthead . • .
Nenthead . . •
AUenlieaild • .
Nentheail . . .
Nenthead . • •
Ninthead . . .
Nenthead . . .
Nenthead . • .
Nenthead . •
tf iuarti and lulphurit)
i
lit tins ,
Klaor uid OH
^^1
I
Nmlbwui
Allti* <di . .
W«ii\tfiMMej
■Ml' IMitotn*.
WiU««i Mtlllnii.
Matthew MiUican.
I>aae Hobiiuon.
laaao Hoblnion.
laaae Hobinion.
Tliomaa Cain.
W. H., LiAD MiKii.
baae itobinion.
Jacob Walton.
Thomas Wation.
Isaac Kobinion.
Thomai Cain.
Iiaao Roblnion.
Jacob Walton.
W. B., LlAD MiNII.
W. B., Lead Mini*.
W.U., LiadMinu.
W.B., LiAD Minis.
Isaac Roblnion.
Robert Broadwood.
Iiaac Robinson.
W. H., Lead Minis.
Thomas Cain.
Isaac Robinson.
W, B., Lead Minis.
William Walbuse.
Isaac Robinson.
Isaac Roblnion.
W. B., Lead Minis.
William Hayton.
Isaac Robinson.
Jacob Walton,
W. B., Lead Minis.
Isaac Robinson.
William Hayton.
Isaac Robinson.
Jacob Walton.
George Rutherford.
John Freest.
1 and 1
'•1
*rl«, dfi
ran, nil mint
if fill.- . .
43 Hiili^li. ici
H LVruona'
Slllpblh Ulr . {
46 Fluor,citmKi: >i
46 Carlwnate of iruii nuu 1
lluor j
47 Carlionate of lime . . ,
ii Fluor, covered with)
quarti )
49 QuArti upon iulphuret )
of line (
AU Fluor
61 Sulphuret of tinr, car
honale of Iron, and
aiurti
low floor, cupped)
with quarts. . . , )
63 Carbonate of lime on )
quarti J
64 Carbonate of lime on )
quarti 5
65 Quarts, capped with)
csrbonate of iron . 5
5R Quarti
67 (Carbonate of lime . . .
68 I'husplute of lead . . .
SU tliior, with carbonate)
of iron 5
fiO Porbonate of lime , . .
61 Sulphate of barytea , ,
62 Sulphuret of lead . . .
63 Sulphuret of lead with j
Iron pyrites. ... 5
64 Quarti
66 Sulphuret of lime)
upon quarti. . , . )
66 Huor
67 Arragonlte ......
68 Iron pyrites
r>9 Quartz
70 Fluor, with Iron (sul- )
phuret^ )
71 Fluor ana carbonate of )
iron 5
72 Sulphate of barytes, )
tingeil with iron . )
*3 Sulplute of barytes,)
tinged with iron. . ]
74 Fluor
76 Fluor and carbonate of )
lime )
*6 Sulpl.umt of lead and )
yellow floor ... 5
77 Fluor upon quarti , . .
75 Quarti
79 Sulphui«t of line and )
carbonate of iron . J
HO Carbonate of lime . . .
81 Quarti upon Buor . . .
82 Fluor.cappedwlthquarti
83 Fluor andcarbonate of
lime
84 Oreen carlionate ot\
copper and sulphu- >
ret of copper . . . /
85 Yellow fluor
86 Arsenic, phosphate of)
load and manganese )
87 Arsenic, phosphate of)
lead, and manganese 5
88 Carbonate of lime . . .
89 Fluor, covered with)
carbonote of iron . 5
90 Limestone,\vlth a weak )
string of lead . . . )
91 Plate
9;^ Ilazle
93 Oreen carbonate of)
99
copper
Quarts
Carbonate of lime . .
Sulphuret of line and)
quartz )
Arsenic, pliospliate of
lead
Arsenic, phosphate of
lead
Grwn carbonate of)
copper ]
Nc J.
N«|i> All ,
\ «lc .
Ai. uiaile ,
Usrrlgill . .
Weardale .
Nenthead ,
AUenheadi
Nenthead .
Nenthead .
GarrlirlU . .
Garriglll .
Nentheail ,
Nentheail .
Nentliead .
Caldbeck Fells.
AUenheada . .
Allenheads . .
Westmoreland .
Nenthead . . .
Garriglll ....
Nenthead . . .
Nenthead . . .
Allenheads . .
Nenthead . . .
AUenheadi . .
Nentliead . . .
AUenheada . .
AUenheada . .
Keswiok. . . .
Keswick. . . .
Allenheads . .
AUenheada . .
Allenheads . .
Allenheads . .
Nenthead . . .
Nenthead . . .
Teesdale. . . ■
Weardale . . .
Garriglll ....
Allenheads . .
Caldbeck Fells.
Nenthead . . ■
Hesketh. . . ,
Ilesketh , , . ,
Alston Moor, <
Allenheads . .
Nentliead . •
Nenthead . . .
Nenthead . •
Stavcly, West- )
moreland . y
Green Castle. .
Nenthead . . .
Nenthead , . .
Coldbeck Fells.
p WaltMi
Caldbeck FeUs
Cald'eck FeUs.
Isaac Robinson.
Thomas Watson.
W.R.,LiAD Mimes.
W.II., LiAO Mimes.
William Hayton.
W.B., Lead Minis.
Isaao Roblnaon.
W. B., Lead .Minm.
Joseph Hayton.
William Wallace.
William Thompson.
WlUUm Wallace.
Jacob Walton.
Iaa4ic Robinson.
William Wallace.
Sam. Merryweather,
Isaac Robinson.
Isaac Robirson.
Isaac Itotiinson.
Tliomas Wilkinson.
Joseph Walton.
Isaac Robinson.
WlUiam Hayton.
W. B., Lead Minis.
William Hayton.
W. U., LiAn Mines.
Jacob Walton.
W. B., Lead Minu.
W. B., LiAoMiNca.
Jacob Walton.
Jacob Walton.
W. B., Liad Mines.
W. B., Lead MiHst.
W. B., Lead Minii.
W.B., Liad Minis.
Isaac Robinson.
Isaao Robinson.
Thomas Watson.
W. B., Lead Minii.
Joseph Walton.
W. B., Liad Minis.
.Ssm. Merrywrather .
Robert Thompson.
Joseph C. Cain.
Joseph 0. Cain.
Joseph C. Cain.
W. B., Lead Mines.
Isaac Robinson.
Isaac Robinson.
Isaac Ilubinson.
Joseph C. Cain.
T. B. Leonard .
Thomas Watson.
Isaao Robinson.
Joseph C. Cnin.
Joseph C. Cain.
Sam. Merryweather.
108
Cr-AM l.-MININO AND MINKTIAL mODUCTfl.
8011TH Hide — AsrAH H. 1 to H. 27.
[Unitkd
No. Nam* ar MiiruAk
100
ioi
103
IM
IM
10;
109
no
III
112
iia
Ml
113
lli>
IIT
IIK
111)
I3U
l«l
1'.'8
I'.M
134
123
IM
127
1-J8
1«»
IJO
131
132
ia»
i:m
13i
13d
137
1311
13!>
140
141
142
143
144
143
146
147
148
149
150
151
162
153
154
Hi
156
15;
158
159
IKII
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
('wlmniitii of litrylM
Kiiliihiirvt of copper .
(Vrlionalo of Inu . .
Uliw *nil fnm «*r>
l)otuto of (*4>pp«r ■
Fliior,«p|ml » II iKiiiiirt ■
FAnliy rarlMiiuix or liiul
Kluof •iMriiii>l>ul|iliU' (
n'l or lima . . . . )
Hulplmrrt uf >lnc tnil )
carl)onat«oriron. * )
An*iil«, phnaphalr of)
limd vtltn n»nM»n«M )
Sitlpliurol of Iwul and i
culianat* of Iron . )
4'y*lfnil
Carlioutrnf lime . . .
ArMnIr, phoaphnte of \
lead, antl aulplut* >
of liuytei /
Quart!
Topper
ArnKonlla
Quart!
Carlionale of line , . .
lllue carUinnti* of copper
Pliior,rappeilv>llli (piart!
t^yciilar anvKonite. .
Kluor and cniijwr pyrltea
I'lioapliaie of lead . . .
lllue lliior
Quart!
* 'arl onale of Imrylea, ,
RulplMte of liarytea . ,
fliior and carlwnate of )
Iron )
(^rlionate of lead . . .
Sulphate of liarylei . .
Fluor
Oxide of mannaneae . .
Oartwnate of lime. . .
nuor
Fluor and carbonate of)
lime f
Oreen carbonate of )
copper )
Carhonate of iron and )
qnaiti ]
Matrliof quarti, . . .
Anai{onlte
Quarti, lilend, and car- )
honaleof Iron. . . )
Phoaphate of lead . . .
Quarti
Hulphuret of Iron . . .
IWfwnate of l«rytea . .
Oreen carbonate of)
copper ...... 5
Blue carbonate of line .
Fluor
Fluor and carbonate of]
Iron 5
Fluor and carbonate of j
Iron 5
Fluor and quarti . . •
Sulphate of dnc and)
carbonate of Iron . (
Sulphate of aine and)
carboiute of iron . . (
I'luor, quarti, h<kI car-)
lunate of linio , , )
Blue and Kreen car-j
lx>nate of copper . )
Green malachite. . , .
Araenic, plioaplute of)
lead S
Fluor
()arlH>nate of lime , , .
Sulphate of lutrytca . .
Sulphate o:* line . , .
Quarti
Fluor anil carbonate of )
iron .5
Carbonate of lime . . .
Sulphnret of linc and )
carlionate of iron. . f
Sulphnret of xinc and '^
carlionate of iron [
and floor /
Carlionate of lime . . .
Arsenic, phoaphate of)
lead )
Carbonate of lime , . .
Phosphate of lead ...
Carl)onate of lime • • .
Carbonate of lime . , .
LoeilHy.
Alston ■ ■ . ■
Nenthsal . . ,
Weanlale ■ , <
lleakelh. • . ,
Weanlale . . ,
TrSMlale ....
Nenthead , . .
Nenthead . . .
Caldlieck Fella.
Nenthead . . ,
Alleiiheaila . .
Nenthead . . .
Caldlwck FetU.
Nenthead . . .
IMuuith. . . .
Nenthead . . ■
Nenthead , . .
Crix. Fell . . ,
Caldlierk Fella.
AlliMihi'aila . .
Alatnn ....
West Allenilale
Caldlwck Fells .
Allenhenda . ,
Alstun Moor. .
Northumlx'rland
Westmoreland .
AUenheada . .
Alston ....
Westmoreland .
AUenheiuls . .
Caldl>erk Fells.
Nenlhrsil . . .
AllenheaiU . .
AUenlieads , .
Caldbeck Falls.
Nenthead . . .
West Allendale
West Allendale
Nenthead. . .
Caldbeck Fells .
(ireen Castle. .
Nentheail . . .
Northumberland
Caldbeck Fells.
Caldbeck Fells.
AUenheada . .
AUenheada . .
AUenlieads . .
AUenheads . .
Nenthead . . .
Nenthead . . .
Weaidale . . .
Caldleck Fells.
Oildbei'k Fells.
Caldbeck Fells.
AUenheads . .
Nenthead . . .
Weatmcireland ,
^ enthead . . .
Nentluad . . ,
AUenheads . .
Alston Moor. .
Nenthead . . .
Nenthead . . ,
Nenthead , . .
Caldlieck Fells.
Alston Mo'ir. ,
Caldbeck Fells .
Alston Monr. .
West /. llendale
Ooatrthulor.
Isaac Roldnson.
laaai^ Itohiiison.
Isaac Kmersun.
Joseph r. Uain,
W. It., I,i*n Minis.
William Wallace.
Isaae KoUlnson.
Isaac llnlilnaon.
Joseph C. Cain.
Isaae Kohlnson.
W. n., Li.u> MiHUS.
James Armstrong.
Joseph C. Cain.
Isaac Hiibinson.
Joseph IVart,
Wm. .'(teplu'iison.
Jacob Walton.
Jacob Wnltun.
Sam. Merry weather.
W. H., I.tui MiNSs.
J. Fairell.
Matlheo Mllliran.
Sam. .Merryw" allier.
W, H,, I.KAn Minis.
.lacoli Walton.
Jacob Walton,
Isaac Hulilnson.
W. II., l.iAD Minis.
Jacob Walton.
Imiac HoliinNon.
W. H., l.iAP Minis.
Joseph C, I'aln.
William llayton.
W. U., LiAO Minks.
W. B., Lrad Minis.
Sam. Herryweather.
Thomas Cain.
Matthew Mllllcan.
WalUce Mllllcan.
John Freest.
Nam. Merryweather.
Ilalph l.lndnay,
laaac Robinaon.
Jacob Walton.
Sam. Merryweather.
Sam. Merryweather,
W. II., LiAD Minis.
W. B,, LiAD Minis.
W. B., LiAD Minis.
W. B., LiAD Minis.
Isaac Robinson.
laaac Robinson.
W. B., LiAD Mines.
Sam. Merryweather.
Sam. Merryweather.
Jos»ph C. Cain.
W. H., I.mn Minis.
William Wallace.
Isaac Itoblnson.
Jacob Walton.
Iwiac Rutherlbnl.
W. II., I.FAn Minis.
Joseph C. Cilit.
Isaac Robinson,
^VillinIn Wallace.
Willi n Wallace.
Jose|> 0. Cain.
Josepli C. Cain.
Sam. Merryweather.
Joseph C. C'ain.
Wallace Millican.
484
SopwiTn, TnoNAi, F.R.8,, fto., Mlmhendt,
Noithtiiibtrliimi — Invautor uiiii rrixliioer.
8|MKiitnona nf load oroa unil aMiHiintud niliiernlit, with
exiui>|ileii of the vnrioiiit Mtiigoi of pnigrvH, from thnir
bttiiiK uxcAvnteil iu the mine mkI cnri'iod thruiiKh tliu
■evund iluiNtrtiiientii of waahlii|{ niid miieltiiig, until fur-
nlahud luid readv for the niiu'kut in the form of a onku
of ailviir, and a !>% or plfco of jeiul, known im W. H, I.eiiil.
Tlie iiiMiuiniKiiit of minerutit UMually lutMouiatud wltli
lend orvi are oollectod from viirioiiii miiion, and are tlttml
totfethor in a Hupiuikte chhu, under the direction of tliii
eznihitor, by Mummi'i, Coin and Witlhuio of Nenthead, ainl
other*.
The K^iienil arrnngonient of the Htrntjt in which thcsM
oruM and nilnuraU luv found, iit exhiliited by a Huutioii
of part of tlie lead-mining diatriut buloiiKiiiK to Went-
woi'th Hlaukutt Iteaiiniont, Vm\., at AlluiiheitdM, in tliu
uoiuity of Northiiiiilierliuid, and from wIuimu minuM tliu
H|>ecimunH vi lend oreH and oxatnideii of |iroou.tHUH ilnrini/
ciiiticcsioH iiitii leitil Hint m'lirr are tidiun ; and a furtliur
illiiNtration of tlio KeoloKical Htniutuio of tliiit part of
England in (;ivon liy an irioiaetriual plan and Hootion by
the cxhibitiir, Hhowing 11 cdiiHidornble trurt of minini;
ground in the niimui' uf AlMtuii Moor, iu the county of
Cumbei'liuid.
The principal ])livnnmona of niinor'il voiuM and din-
pliicuniuiit III' tliu Hliiitti in which luad oru in obtained iu
the north of Kngliuul, ai-u Rhowii by dinnected moduU
inventud by tliu exhibitor, and uxamplcH of the flniHliud
(iroductH ni'o contained in a Hopuratu ciwo, tVum Mr. Ueaii-
niont'i gmult-millii, under the diructiou of bin agent, Mr.
Thomas Stoel.
This collection, tlio genural nature of which is huro
briuriy indicatecl, is intended to illustiikte the geological
liosition anil usual products of the north of England leiul-
mines. The following is the order of the Ave sevoiiil
portions, and which are more particularly describud uudur
those sovenvl hoa<ls in the suquel : —
I. Siocrio.Ns OF SriiATA at Alluniikaps and Alston.
II. Models to illustiwtk Minkkai, Vkins, i;tc.
III. M1NKRAL8 ASSOCIATKU WITH LKAD OllKS.
IV. EXAMPLKS OF Till'. VAUIOUS 8TAOK8 OK 1-I10ORK88
FROM TiiK Mink to tub Markkt.
V. LKAD and SiLVKR PRlil-ARED FOR SaLK.
I. As the express object of this collection is to afford
a general view of the whole of the princijial foaturos
relative to the extensive and important departments of
British industry connected with lead-mining, and as this
information is more expressly intended foi the use of
those who are not locally conversant with the physical
conditions under which lea<l ores are usually obtniued,
the exhibitor has, in the first instance, thought it noccs-
sary to present clear and distinct views of the geological
structure of the district in which the chief lead-mines of
the north of England are situated, in order that, without
going into purely technical details, which are only of
local interest, the several strata and order of super-
position may be readily understood.
As an approximate comparative view of produce, it
may be considered that the lend niistnl in Mr. Beaumont's
mines amounts to about one-fourth of the (|uuiitity raised
in England, about one-sixth of the produce of Great
Biitain, and about ono-tenth of that of the whole of
Europe, including thp British Isles. They have been
extensively worked from time immemorial ; part of them
are situated in the manors belonging to Mr. Beaumont in
the dales of East and West Allen, in the south-west part
of Northumberland, and others are situated in the wild
district of moors which forma the western extremity of
the county of Durham.
This part of the country lianjiens to be at once the
centre of the island of Groat Bntuin, and by far the most
elevated part of it, which is thickly populated, for,
scattered over hills and dales which present an aspect of
verdant cultivation, mixed with heathy moors, are to be
found some thousands of inhabitivnts, nearly the whole
of them either employed in lead-mines or smeltiug-mills,
iniili
KlKODOM.J
CiAU 1.— MINING AND MINERAL mODUCTB.
HouTii HiDB -AnnAii 8. I to 8. 27.
10»
or inillrectly iluriviiiK » Uvolihooil from lomn ooniieotlnn
witli leail-mliiinK biminem. AU«nhoiul)i forum k central
ttdnitlon ill the iiiliUt of tboaa iiiliitw, niul ttio iiKnnt'*
liiiiiNO, Khowii on the Heutioii, in exiiotly 1,4(K) fuet nbove
tli« level of the aea, niul U the higheat hoiiiiu of it*
iiiiiKiiltude In Orent Brltdln, — nor are many of the cot-
titKua of ihe|>har(U, and other moorland habitation*, of
gruittur elevation.
The datum, or baiia line of the Aixkniikapk MKcrioN,
Ih 700 feet nb<>vo the luvul of the aea. The drawinK,
lii| foot in luuKth, Ih on a true toaleof luu fuet to an
iiiJli; by n true aculo being meant, that the lenKtlm and
liuiKhtii are |)roJecte<l to the iiamo Rcale or proportion, no
tliiit a true minlnturu proAle of the country in Kiven, aa
well at a coiTeot ro<hiution of the rulutivu n\ta of the
viirioua rooka, The extent of uountry tiiuit ithown in not
quite 4 uiiloM, being :( miluH 1,2'20 yardn.
The (pectator ia *up|>o«ed to be looking to the north,
and the tieution commencua at a ixtiiit about half a mile
eiiHtwiird from a place called Kilhopu Head, which la
coiiHpluiioualy marKe<l in all Engliah mapa, innamuch aa
tlie throe ooimtiea of Northumberland, Durham, and
Cumberland all meet in one apot. At about three-
quarters of a mile from the i>oint of comniencemont, the
auction roproHonta the hill CHlled Kllhope Law ; it ia on
tliu boundary line of the uouutivH of Northumberland and
])urham, aiul ia the liiKhuat point of land in the laat-
niiiued county, boin}{ '2,20fS feet above the luvul of the
auii. But out of tliu limlta of thia Huctiun, and about
10 miloa aouth-wotit from Kilhope Law, tho aaino atrata
wliich are here duliiiuatud reach an altitude of 2,901 feet
above the aea, and thia ia thu highoat elevation attidned
by the rocka which form the carboniferous or mountain
limestone of the north of England,
Huch being the atratiflcation of the cuutral portion of
the narrow part of the ialond, of which the coal-fielda of
the Tyne and Wear form the extremity on the oiwt,
bordering tho Oonnon Ocean for aomo diatance north and
Routh of Nowcoatle, while a aimilar coul-fluld ia found at
the weatem extremity neoi' Whitehaven, it may be
obaerved, with i-eforence to tlieao coal-fiulda, that they
lie over or upon the mountain limeatone formation. Tiie
coal-beds so extensively worked in tho Newcnatle and
Durham coal-mines, or collieries, gradually rise to the
weat, and one by one crop out, or Ibiiasett, according to the
undulations of the countrr. At length, at about 20 miles
west of the German Sea, the lowest of the coal-beds crops
out, and from beneath it gradually appear the lime-
stone strata, waich continue to rise nearly coincident
with the general rise of the country until they reach the
summit of Cross Fell (2,001 feet); and thia general and
very gi-adual inclination of the strata, a feature of the
greatest importance in practical mining, is clearly and
accurately delineated in this section.
In a thickuesa of about 2,000 feet of the alternating
beds of sandstone, clay, and limestone, which form the
strata of the mining districts of Allundale, Alston, and
Weardale, there is one single stratum of limestone called
the "gi-eat limestone," the veins in which have pro-
duced nearly, if not quite, as much ore as all the other
strata put together. Tliis stratum is delineated on the
section, and may be obsei*ved lying at a depth of about
850 feet below the summit of Kilhope Law. Somewhat
exceeding 2 miles eastward of this, at AUenheads the top
of the gi-eat limestone ia 230 feet from the top of a shaft
called Gin-hill Shaft. Its thickness, which is tolerably
luiiform over several hundred square miles of country, is
about 60 feet, and it is from this stratum of limestone
that nearly all the specimens in thia collection have been
obtained.
The dislocations of atrata which constitute for the
most ]<VK ^mj)ortant mineral veins, are exhibited more in
detail in the series of geological models which form a part
of this collection j but some of the great features of
displacement may bo noticed on the section.
At about a quarter of a mile to the west of, or loft-
hiaid direction from, Kilhope Law, the great limestone
nud all other asfiDciivted beds p.re thrown down a depth of
about 150 foot for a spaue of ueoi'ly 700 feet; and Ojjuin,
at the dUtjince of naarlv a ndla fW>m Alleohaa'la, a vaat
liialocatlon tokaa place, by which tho great limeatimo, it
will b« aeon, ia brought nearly to the aurfaoe, the amount
of displacement being about 400 feet. It ia in the great
Itmeatone that by far the moat extenaiva portion of the
working* of Allenhoads lond-mina* ar« iituata<l, and the
gallariaa drawn on the aaotion convey a general idea of
tha (MMiition of the mine*. In a great thicknuaa of strata
above the great llmeatone only two Iteda of that rock are
found. One of thuae is called "little limeatono;" it ia
from 10 to 12 feet thick, and is 7.') feat above the ton of
Sreat limestone ; thu othtir ia atill uu>r« inoonaiderablu,
eing (mly :) or 4 feet thick, and ia 440 feet above tha
great limeatone. It ia remarkable with what exactness
thia thin bed ia found nuar thu atunmit of hilla, the inter-
vening apacea having apparently buon removeil by denu-
dation, so aa to forn in one coau a gap of fl) miles, and in
another of 1} miles, in which the Tell Top limestone ia
entirely cut otT.
But beneath the great limeatone, aa will be aeen by tha
lines of blue colour, are several boda of the aame deaorip-
tton of rook, vin., at diatancoa respectively of 30, 100, lUO,
2.VI, ami 2H7 feet, and thu thicknuaa 2, 24, 10, 1 S, and .')5 feet.
Theae are known bv deacriptive local namea, and com-
priae all that are of significance aa regorda lead-miiiing
operutioiiM.
Tlie Allunheoda minea being situated for the moat part
at doptlia from the aurfu • arying from 200 to 000 reet,
are (frained partly by o..imary water-wheels, aome of
which are shown on the section, and portly by the new
hydraulic engines invented by Mr. W. G. Armstrong, and
four of which are now in use for <lraining and other mining
purtjoses at AUenheads mines,*
Tnn isoMKTiiiuAL PLAN AND sKCfiON of Nontsberry,
by thu exhibitor, ia intended to exemplify the manner
in which iaometrical projection may be uaed in the de-
liunation of luinua and mining diatricta. In ordinary
plana and soctiona, only one plane, or set of parallel
planes can be truly represented, but by thia method of
projection three several planea may be combined in one
drawing, and lines oroasing at right angles, as, for instance,
north and south linea intersecting east and west linus,
may be correctly projected, and vertical lines added on
the aame projection.
The area repreaented by this drawing is about one-fourth
of a aquaro mile, each aide being nearly half a mile in
1 angth. It ia aituated on the River Nent, midway between
the source of that river at Nentheod and the market town
of Alston. It includes some of the moat interesting and
prominent features of the strata and minea in that district,
and amongst others the aqueduct called Nentfine Level,
originally projected by the celebrated Smeaton, the
engineer, who held the agency of these mines in 1775.
A copy of thia section ia deposited in the Government
Office of Mining Records, and a further account of tho
several mining and other details is given in vol. ii. of
"The Transactions of the Natural History Society of
Northumberland, Durham, and Newcastle-upon-Tyne."
II. MODKLS TO ILLUSTUATt: MlNGRAL VkINS. — PlonS
and sections, although of great use, and indeed indispen-
sable for all well-conducted mining operations, are yet
incapable of conveying information relative to solid foi-ms
in so complete a manner aa may be aocomplished by the
use of models, which are, in fact, a reduced representation
of the actual form of objects. The utility of models is
fiu^her increased when they are made in separate portions,
so as to admit of being dissected and put together again.
By this means, not only the siuface of the earth, but
even the interior of mines may bo correctly represented.
The models contained in the series now exhibited are
exact duplicates of a sories made for the Museum of
Practical Geology, and copies of which, on a smaller
scale, ai-e published. The details which accompany the
published models may be had separately; and the fol-
lowing catalogue briefly indicates the principal points
illustrated, as having a beoi-ing upon the lead-mining
districts : —
* &oTnuuac. Civil Gngincen, 1850 and IBJil,
170
Class 1.— MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS.
South Side — Areas S. 1 to S. 27.
[United
MoDKi. No. 1 represents n square mnse of part of the
carboniferous, or niountaiu limestone strata. The little
and gi'eat limestone are both represented in this model,
and the upper portion admits of being removed to show
the result of the extensive denudation which is so con-
spicuous throughout the mining dales of the north of
England.
Model No. 2 represents the principal seams or beds of
coal in the district east of the lead-mines of the north of
England, and situated, as regards geological sequence,
above the mountain limestone strata.
Model No, 3 sepai-ates into four sections, in order to
illustrate the displacement of strata by what is called the
" throw " of mineral veins, and the efiecta of denudation,
which take away all sui-face indications of such displace-
ment.
Model No. 4 is intended to illustrate the deceptive
appearances which are often presented at the surface by
the successive outcrop of the same beds of coal, lime-
stone, or other strata. Conditions which reqiiii-e the
most careful cousiderations in agriculture as well aa
mining, and wliich are especially deserving of attention
in the exploration of newly discovered lands.
Model No. 5. Dislocations of strata require not only
to be studied as regards the virtual section, but i\lso as
regards both horizontal and iuclined planes. Whether
the object of search be coal, limestone, or any other
member of a series of stratified rocks, it will be obvious,
on examining the divisional plane of this model, that an
adit or level may be driven upon this plane so ua to
intersect the desired stratum, or wholly avoid it.
Model No. 6. This represents the intersection of
mineral veins and the disruption of strata caused there ny.
The apparent shifting of a vein from its ordinary bearing
is here shown to be only a result of ordinary mechanical
displacement.
Model No. 7 represents the surface denudation of
mineral veins, by which an apparent complexity of
form is introduced, as regards the outline of the strata
on the curved contour of the surface.
Models 8 to 12 represent various conditions of strati-
fied rocks in relation to their. inclination, as compared
with that of the surface, presenting conditions highly
explanatory of facts which are of constant ocouiTence in
mining, and of the first importance in geological surveys ;
but any detailed explanation of such phenomena would
exceed the proper limits of this description.
III. Minerals associated with Lead Ores. — The
plans, sections, and models already described convey a
general idea of the geological and mining conditions of
the district from whence the specimens illustrative of
lead-mining have been chiefly obtained. Tlie i-eniainder
of the collection is arranged with a view to exhibit, firat,
THE I'liODUCi'iONS upon which the industry of the lead-
miner has to be exercised; secondly, the rnocESSEsby
which he rendei-s these productions fit for use ; and
thirdly, the results- of his labour.
In considering the best manner of following out any
classification of this natural order or arrangement, the
exhibitor had in view to exhibit the first named in a
Beparate case, containing labelled specimens of the prin-
cipal rocks, ores, and spars of Allendale and Alston, then
in a scries of cases to show the various processes, and
finally, in another separ-ate case, corresponding with the
first, to exhibit the finished products of lead and silver.
As regards the Hocoud and tliird divisi.)ns of this arrange-
ment no alteration was made ; l»ut the firat, now under
description, was modified and altered imder the following
circumstances.
A number of agents and other parties interested in
lead-mining, and chiefly residing in Alston Moor, were
anxious to send a collection of minerals collected from
lead-mines to the Exhibition, and a working miner,
Mr. Isaac Robinson, who was one of the parties, was
arxious to fit >tp this case in a manner corresponding to
some small collections which he had cemented together,
and wliicli had been nmch admired. As such a collec-
tion formed, in point of fact, the essontiiil feature of the
first division, which had boon contemplated, being speci-
mens of the minei-ala associated with lead, it was con-
sidered, at a meeting of the parties concerned, that it
should be fitted up as proposed by Mr. Isaac Robinson,
under the general superintendence and direction of the
exhibitor and others. This was accordingly done, and
the case contains upwards of 2,000 specimens fitted
together, not as a representation of any particular cavern,
but grouped so as to present to view an example of almost
every mineral substance usually found in immediate con-
nection with lead-ores. Some of the examples are in-
teresting as ornamental spars. But spars are not alone
useful as ornaments ; they are partly used in the arta,
and they also afibrd instructive indications in tracing the
coui-se of mineral veins. The whole of this case was
cemented together by Mr. Isaac Robinson dmiug the
intervals of his ordinary hours of work.
IV, EXAMl'LES OK the various STAGES OF PPOORESS
FROM THE Mine to the Market. — This part of the col-
lection is aiTanged in five coses, each containing six boxes
of one square foot each, being in all thirty boxes.
Fifteen of these boxes, in a line furthest from the front
edge of the counter, contain specimens of lead-mining
from the excavation of the oro in the mine, and showing
the several stages of progress until ready to send to the
smelt-mill; and the other fifteen boxes, in a line nearest
to the front of the counter, contain specimens of the ore
as prepared for smelting, and its various stages of pro-
gress, until manufactured into lead and the silver sepa-
rated; these finished products being contained in Division
No. 5 of this collection.
Case No. 1. — Lead ore, aa firet separated from the vein
in which it is found, and which in this state is called
"bouse" in the north of England lead-mines, and the
C laces in which it is deposited at the surface are called
ouse teams. The depositing of the ore in these places
is greatly facilitated at AUenheods by the use of tipping
frames, of a new construction, by Mr. W. O. Armstrong,
of the Elswick Engine Works, near Newcastle-on-Tyne.
This example is from a "flat" vein in Allenheads mines,
in the gi-eat limestone, which rock forms the curiously
laminated matrix with which the ore is intermixed. The
oi-e and rock thus intermixed require to be separated, as
is exhibited by the following examples. By a flat vein,
or " fiatts," is meant a horizontal extension of mineral
substances to a considerable distance from the ordinary
vertical or steeply inclined veins, which extend in the
manner of fissures through the various beds of rock
forming the district. The regular lamination of the ore
is worthy of attention, as leading to speculations on the
origin of mineral veins ; a subject of great practical
importance. The example here shown is taken from a
part of the " flatt workings," at a distance of about 20
feet from the principal or nearly vertical part of the vein.
Case No. 2. "House," or lead ore, as extracted from
the vein, and showing an example of the curiously
polished surface, which is a frequent characteristic of
veins, and which would appear at firat sight to have been
very carefullj' polished by artificial means, many of the
surfaces being sufficiently clear to reflect the images of
objects in a tolerably definite form. The local name of
such bright and polished surfaces is " slic/icitsldes;" and
the suggestion mentioned in the notice of the last speci-
men, OS to the value of scientific inquiry, applies with still
greater foree to tlic cla.ss of phenomena of which this is
one of the most curious indications.
Case No. 3 contains a portion of the ordinary bouse,
or ore, aa newly worked from the vein, and much inter-
mixed with the materials contained in Ca«es 1 and 2, as
well as with other earthy and sparry contents of veins.
Tho produce of mineral veins varies from pure galena, of
wliich some pieces are shown, to masses of rock in spar,
in which the ore is so thinly disseminated as not to repay
the trouble of extraction.
Case No. 4. The intermixed rocks and ores shown in
the preceding coses are first subjected to "picking," and
then to "washing," on a grate. The first of these
ojierations sepiunites from the general moss all such pieces
of galena ns ore either not mixed witli other substances,
or which can be readily separated with a hammer on what
[United
Kingdom.]
Class 1.— MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS.
South Side — Areas S. 1 to S. 27.
171
are called "knocking-stones," and the Bocond ban the
effect of clearing away all earthy matter. These speci-
mens, picked from the heap and washing-grate, are ready
for smelting after being reduced with a hammer to the
size of the ore contained in Case No, 9.
Cask No. 5 contains ordinary " bouse," or lead ore taken
from the irunkinq-box after passing through the washing-
yratc, being, in fact, a process of loashiruj and sizing, with
a view to the further operations exhibited in the following
cases.
Cask No. 6 contains specimens of ordinary bouse, which
from the size of the pieces and intermixture of rock and
ore, require to be passed through the rollers of the
crushing-mill.
Case No. 7. Specimens of the same bouse, or ore,
after having passed through the rollers of the crushing-
mill.
Case No. 8. So far the processes have consisted simply
of exti-action of the ore from its place in the mine, — of the
pure samples of ore being picked out and washed and
sized, rPiJy for being smelted at once, without further
operations, — of the remainder or poorer samples being
wa3hed and separated by an iron grate or sieve into two
sizes, the larger having to be gi-ound between rollers to
i-eduoe it to the same size as the smaller, which hod
passed the grate, and when reduced to this stage, the
whole is ready for an opei"ation called "botching," which
consists in placing the ore in a tub with water — the
bottom of tins tub is a sieve — and the whole is subjected
to a rapid vibratory vertical movement, or shaking, by
which a separation of the ore takes place. The water so
far lessens the weight as greatly to facilitate the down-
ward movement of the ore, which of course is much
heavier than the spar and other materials connected with
it. The vibratory movement is sometimes given by
manual labour : a long arm, moving with a spring, is
jerked up and down by a strong lad jumping on a raised
stand, so as to produce the required motion. The same
results may be obtained by machinery; and a model of a
botching apparatus accompanies these specimens. It
represents the mode in which the botching tubs are
worked in some of Mr. Beaumont's mines in West Allen-
dale ; and both the mode of applying the machinery, and
the manufacture of the model representing it, are due to
the ingenuity of Mr. Joseph Hetherington, one of the engi-
neers or Wrights employed at these mines.
The ore prepared as has already been described, and
after being shaken in the ' ' hotching-tub," the upper part is
entirely waste or refuse, and is called "cuttings," of
which this case. No. 8, contains a specimen.
Case No. 9 contains lead ore as obtained from the
bottom of the hotching-tub, and is ready for being
smelted.
Case No. 10 contains what is called " imdressed smid-
dum," being wliat has passed through the sieve of the
hotching-tub into the box or case of water in which the
hotching-tub vibrates.
Case No. 11 is the "smiddum," after being dressed or
cleared from all foreign substances in what is locally
called a "buddle," and the ore, in being so washed, is
said to be "huddled."
Case No. VI. In all operations where a stream of nm-
ning water is employed to wash lead ores, it is obvious
that many of the smaller particles will be carried away
with the stream. These particles are allowed to settle
by their specific gi-avity in what ai-e called slime-pits,
being merely reservoire in which the water passes over a
long space with a very tranquil movement. In the Case
No. 12 is an example of the sUine or deposit in these
slime-pits, undressed.
Cask No. l;! contains a specimen of what is called
"slime oi'e," having been extracted or separated from the
slime shown in Case No. 12. This sepai-ation is effected
by manual labour in wliat are culled " iilcliimi-tnin/ti,"
and is made ready for a final washing or separation in the
"dolly-tub."
Cask No, 14 contains slime ore obtained, not by manual
labour, but by means of a patented invention of Mr.
liruuton's, by which the slime, being first freely mixed
with water, is allowed to fall on a revolving canvas clotli,
inclined at a moderate angle, and upon which also drops
of water are constantly falling, so ne to keep the surface
well wetted. The heavier particles of ore being thus free
to move, are canied up the slightly inclined surface of
the canvas, and so pass round a roller to a cistern below,
in which they are deposited, while the lighter particles
of earthy matter and spar are at once carried dovn the
canvab by the stream of water. The ore thus obtained
requires finally to be washed in the dolly-tub, after
which it is fit for being smelted.
Case No. 15 contains slime ore as taken from the dolly-
tub, which is the last operation connected with the
washing and dressing of lead ores, aa usually practised
in the lead-mines belonging to Mr. Beaumont, and in the
lead-mines generally of this part of the kingdom.
The Qerman buddle is also occasionally used in dressing
slime ores. A considerable improvement was made in
this apparatus about 30 years ago by Mr. Robert Stagg, of
Middleton, in Teesdale.
Case No. 16 exhibits a specimen of "selected" or
superior lead ore, in the form in which it is sent to and
deposited at the smelt-mill, ready to be smelted.
Case No. 17 contains an example of the ordinary or
common lead ore, as prepared and ready for smelting.
Casks Nos. 18 and 19 contain the same ores (select and
common) after having imdergone the operation of being
"roasted," or exposed to a suitable temperature in a
reverbatory furnace, the object being to free it from the
sulphur contained in galena, pure specimens of which
consist of lead 80 '6 and sulphur 13 '3. By this process
the ore is rendered more easily reducible.
Case No. 20. Grey slags formed in the process of ore
hearth smelting, and from which the lead is afterwai-ds
obtained at the slag hearth.
Cask No. 21. Black slags, being the residuum obtained
from the slag hearth, and which assume the granulated
form from being made to flow, when in a melted state,
into water.
Casks Nos. 22 and 23 contain examples of the crystals
of selected and common lead, as formed in the process of
separating or desilvering the ore: patented by Mr. H. L^
Pattinson, and first brought into operation at Mr. Beau-
mont's smelt-mills.
Cases Nos. 24, 25, and 26, contain specimens of the
fume or deposit in the long flues connected with the
smelt-mills : that in No, 24 being the ordinary fume
collected in the flue, No. 25 the same, after being roasted
for the ore hearth, and No. 26 the same, roasted for the
slag hearth. The flues or chimneys are built of stone,
8 feet by 6 feet inside, and are upwards of 8i miles long.
Casks Nos. 27, 28, and 29. — Litharge in the ordinary
round state, and two varieties of Tiinsed litharge which
have been passed through a sieve.
Case No. 30. — Skimmings from the surface of melted
lead, showing iridescent hues, which are fi-equently of
great intensity and beauty.
V. Lead AND Silver prepared for Sale. — The follow-
ing are contained in the large upright case which completes
the several objects sent in illustration of lead-mining,
viz. ; —
No. 31. Lead made from roasted lead ore, and placed
in a model-mould, same aa No. 37.
No. 32. Grey slag lead, in mould. '
No. 33. Selected lead, in mould.
No. 34. Common lead, in mould.
No. 35. Lead made from ore-hearth fume, in mould.
No. 30. Lead made from slag-hearth fume, in mould.
No. 37. Empty mould, marked W. Blackett, which
name, or its initials, viz., W. B., form the well-known
mark of the lead produced from Mr. Beaimiont's mines.
No. 38. A pig, or piece of common lend, weighing
12 stones, or 1^ cwt.
No. 39. A pig, or piece of selected lead, weighing
12 stones, or IJ cwt.
In the above examples, Nos. 31 to 37 are models of
reduced size. The dimensions of the ordinary pioees of
load, as manufactured for sale, are shown in Nos. 38 and
39. The number of pieces usually manufactured at these
172
Class 1.— MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS.
South Sidk— Areas S. 1 to S. 27.
r United
mines in a year, if laid in one continuous line, would
extend upwu^ of 70 miles in length.
No. 40. A oake of silver produced from lead raised in
Mr. Beaumont's mines, and weighing 8,000 ounces.
485 OxLAND, Robert, Bmkland Street, Plymouth-'
Inventor and Manufacturer.
A series of specimens illustrative of an improved process
for dressing ores of tin; containing wolfram (the tungstate
of iron and manganese). Invented by the exhibitor,
for the separation of the wolfram from the ores of
the Drake Walls Tin Mine, on the Cornish side of the
river Tamar. This process is now in regular operation at
the mine. In consequence of the specific gravity of
wolfram, which is from 7'100 to 7*500, being greater than
that of the black tin of the mines or the pure native
oxide of tin, which is only from 6*3 to 7'00, it has been
found impossible to separate the wolfram firom the tin
oxide by the usual mechanical process of washing in a
itream of water. This led to the necessity of adopting
1 he patent chemical process explained with the descrip-
tion of the series of specimens.
So. 1. "Tinwitts:" the ore obtained from the stamp-
floors, where, subsequently to its having been crushed or
stamped down to a suitable size, it has been washed in a
stream of water, in order to separate the earthy particles
with which it was associated. The clean " witts" contain
native oxide of tin; black tin, or rosin-tin and wolfram,
with iron and arsenical pyrites, generally containing some
copper. In the course of washing, the " witts" are sorted
into different parcels, according to the size of the particles,
and are known as jigged, marked A; flucan, B; smalls,
or "smales," C; slime, D; roughs, or rows, E. The
"witts" are calcined in a reverberatory furnace, usually
constructed of fire-brick throughout, but the furnace,
of which a drawing is exhibited, has been found to be
as well adapted for this purpose, as for the process for
which it was originally intended. The calcination is con-
tinued until all the siuphur and arsenic is evolved.
The residue No. 2 contains black tin, or native tin oxide,
peroxide of iron, wolfram, some sulphate of copper, and a
small quantity of earthy matter. By a series of washing
operations on the burning house floors, the peroxide of iron,
sulphate of copper, and earthy matters are removed, and
the product obtained is No. 3, which consists of oxide of
tin, with most of the wolfram. The process is in the next
place employed for the removal of the wolfram. Its
proportion having been ascertained by analysis, a quantity
of sulphate of soda, or salt cake, is mixed with the ore
sufficient to supply a slight excess of the equivalent of
aoda for the quantity of tungstic acid present ; but with the
sulphate of soda, must be mixed sufficient coal dust or
charcoal to afibrd carbon or carburetted hvdrogen, for the
decomposition of the sulphuric acid and the conversion of
•ulphate of soda into sulphide of sodium. The mixture
is exposed to heat on the bed of the furnace described
below; a smoky or reducing flame is at first emploved,
but after the whole of the charge has been at a red heat
for some time, an oxidating flame is necessary to complete
the operation. Thus the sidphate of soda is first converted
into sulphide of sodium, then the ttmgstio acid of the
wolfram combines with the soda, producing tungstite of
soda, setting the sulphur freq as sulphurous acid, and
leaving the iron in the condition of a light finely divided
peroxide.
The product No. 4, is drawn from the furnace into the
wrinkle, or chamber beneath, and is thence removed
whildt still hot into tanks containing water, which
quickly dissolves the tungstate of soda. The solution is
run off into receivers, and the residue is removed to the
burning house floors, where, by a series of washings, the
peroxide of iron is removed, and the native oxide of tin
obtained pure and ready for the smelting house, as seen
in No. 5. An ore which had fetched only 42/. per ton has
by this operation been so much improved in quality as to
obtaiu 56/. per ton.
The tungstate of soda, No. 6, in obtained in the crys-
talline form by the evaporation to the crystallizing point
of the solution in which it was separated from the tin.
It is proposed to be used as a substitute for stannate of
soda as a mordant for dyeing purposes.
Tungstic acid. No. 7, may be employed for the same
purpose, or for the manufacture of tungstate of the
tungstous oxide with soda, a compound much resembling
The tungstate of lead. No. 8, and tungstate of lime.
No. 9, are good white pigments (manufactured from the
tungstate of sor't), from which was also obtained the
metallic tungsten, No. 10, and sulphuret of tungsten.
No. 11. The former is for use in the manufacture of
metallic alloys; the latter has been proposed as a sub-
stitute for black-lead. The furnace is constructed in
the usual maimer, excepting that a cast-iron bed has been
employed to prevent the loss that would arise from the
reaction of the silica of the bricks, the soda, and the tin
oxide on each other. The fire, after passing over the
bed, is also made to circulate beneath it before xwusing
away to the chimney.
486 Bruociani, D. — Producer.
Fac-simile of the largest piece of gold found in Colifomia.
486a Ibbetson, Caft. — Producer.
A model of the Isle of Wight, in metal.
487
Jordan, C, 37 Chapman Street, Mancheatei —
Producer.
Case containing 176 specimens of the useful metala
and alloys: —
Qold — Grain, standard, and red jewellers'.
Silver — Virgin and sterling. Platina.
Wrought iron — Best and common Coalbrook Dale ;
best scrap for screws and rivets ; Low Moor and com-
mon Horton's; also, S. R., I. B., common, Horton's, and
Keller's,
Steel for mills— V jiders; cast steel, Turton's, and Tur-
ton's softened ; and shear-steel, all showing siirface and
fracture.
Cast-iron — Rich Welsh pig, from Leeswood; and rich
Scotch pig from Qartsherrie, Gleogomock, Clyde, Dal-
mellington, and Dundy van; Yorkshire, Low Moor and
Leeswood; cast in sand, chilled, pig, and rich chilled;
also short pig, Staffordshire, rich mottled Welsh, and
cast in sand, showing surface.
Nickel and Lead — Pure and commercial.
Copper — Tile, native, shot cost, and malleable, all
showing surface and fracture.
Tin — Block and grain.
Zinc — Chilled and sand, showing surface and fracture.
Bismuth — Chilled and sand, shovring surface and frac-
ture.
Antimony — Chilled, showing fracture and longitudinal
section.
Arsenic, cobalt, mercury, manganese, potassium, so-
dium, iridium and osmium, cadmium, and palladium.
Alloys — Copper and tin, in various proportions, show-
ing surface cud fracture, &c.
Alloys of copper, zinc, tin, and lead, in various pro-
portions, showmg the same.
Tutannia, for hardening tin, bobbin-bushes, &c.
White bush metal, of zmc, tin, and tutannia, variously
combined.
Type metal, of tin, antimony, lead, and bismuth.
Stereotype metal, of lead, antimony, and bismuth, in
various states.
Common type and music plates, of lead and antimony.
Compositions of copper, tin, zinc, and lead in different
states.
Blanched copper, antimony and copper, and Oerman
silver, eleotrum, common and plate.
Standard measures, composed of copper, tin, and lead,
Manheim gold, of copper, tin, and zmc.
Speculum metal, of copper and tin, in various mixtures.
Speculum of chilled copper and tin; Mr, Potter's,
with trace of arsenic, and others.
FUmited
KlNHDOM.]
Class 1,— MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS.
South Side, — Abkas S. 1 to S. 27.
178
Nickel and iron; fusible alloy; tutannia, for tjrpe-
iiietal; iron and antimony; iron and zinc (not magnetic),
t ill not rust; spelter solder; silver solder; tinman's and
[.I umbel's solder.
These specimens display the surface, and where prac-
ticable, the fracture of all the useful metals and alloys.
Many of the alloys are new combinations, and are valuable
in point of utility and economy. Some of the alloys are
intended for the small steps of machinery, &c., composed
of 16 oz. copper, 8 oz. zinc, 4 oz. lead, I oz. tin. This
alloy has been used very extensively; it works well under
the file and turning-tool ; and its lasting properties are
great. This is the cheapest metal that will answer for
machinery purposes, especially if made from brass turn-
ings. The alloy made from pig iron and zinc turns and
files very well, and is adapted for shaft-bearings, parti-
cularly for such work as requires exposure to the weather.
Portions of this metal have been exposed for several
weeks without any appearance of rust. It is intended as
a substitute for brass in many cases, being much cheaper.
The magnetic properties of the iron are entirely neutral-
ized ; hence, for some purposes, it will be superior to any
other metal or combination. In speculum metals, the
proportions of Newton (163 and 164), when cast in a hot
chill, will take a more brilliant polish, and retain the
brilliai longer than any other combination: being caat
in a hi > uill prevents too sudden contraction, and the
1 'ttl aeas so often experienced. rhese cabinets of
metals and alloys are intenilud as illustrations for the
lecture-table, and for general reference in the manipula-
tions of metals.
483 Qaeland, Thomas, Fairfield, Redruth —
Manufacturer.
Impure oxide of arsenic, obtained from tin ores (con-
taining arsenical pyrites) by calcination.
Commercial oxide of u'senic, obtained from the fore-
going by sublimation in reverberatory furnaces, and after-
wards ground to an impalpable powder.
A finer quality of the precediug.
Liuup arsenie, obtained from the preceding by sublima-
tion in close retorts.
[Arsenic is found native occasionally, but is more fre-
quently combined with other metals, of which iron,
cobalt, nickel, silver, copper, antimony, and manganese
are the chief. It is very soft but brittle, and volatilizes
readily at a temperatvire of 365° Fahrenheit. It combines
with oxygen in white arsenic (arsenious acid), and \4th
sulphur in realgar and orpiment. The former substance
is used in medicine, in the manufacture of glass, &c.
The sulphurets are valuable pigments, both in dyeing
and in the fine arts. — D. T. A,]
489 Lowe, J., 30 Gracech'ti-ch Street— Vtixi Proprietor.
Copper, from the exhibitor's patent works, Peuclawdd.
490
RowLANDSON, Thomas, 7 Esher Street,
Kennington — Patentee.
Bluestone — a compound of bisulphuret of iron, sul-
phuret of lead (galena), bisulphuret of copper, sulphuret
of zinc (blackjack), &c., some silver and gold, obtained at
the Isle of Anglesey; also at the Vale of Ovoca, Wicklow,
Ireland.
The zinc salts can be converted into chloride of zinc
and sulphate of soda; these can be employed in a variety
of forms for preserving animal and vegetable substatuoH,
deodorizing, &c.
Specimens iliiutrating the processes li^' which the
sulphuret is converted into sulphnto of zinc, which b
washed out, and leaves the loml, gold, and silver to
be extracted in the ordinary mode by smelting.
Specimens of ores and products from the Cwm-eisian
Qold Mine, Merionethshire.
[The existence of gold in many of the rooks of Wales
has been long known. There is every reason for believing
that the Romans worked the mine at Uogofan, near Pui^p-
sant, Caermarthenshire. This is not only proved by the
remains of mine workings, which have been lately ex-
amined by the mining geologist to the Geological Survey,
but by the gold ornaments which have been found in the
Vale of Cothy, near this spot, which are evidently of
Roman workmanship. The mine at Cwm-eisian yielded
gold disseminated through the quartz, but not being suffi-
ciently remunerative, the works have been abandoned. —
R. H.]
491 Haebison, J., liukenale, Derbijshire — Producer.
Lead ore, from Mogshaw mine, Bakervole.
492 RowB, RlCHABD, Laxey Glen, Douglas, Isle of Man —
Joint Proprietor.
Silver lead ore, and blende ore, being the produce of
the Laxey Mines, in Laxey Glen, parish of Lonau, Isle of
Man.
[Mines were worked at an early period in the Isle of
Man, but the neighbourhood of Laxey first attracted
attention at the commencement of the present century.
In 1811, only three hands were employed; in 1848, there
were at least 800 in the mine. The mine is situated about
a mile and a half from the sea, up the Laxey Valley,
where an adit is driven 400 fathoms into the heart of the
mountain; from this adit the shf ft has been sunk about
130 fathoms. The rotums of lead ore for the last five
years have been an follows : —
Lead Ora. Lead.
Years. Tons. Tonii.
1845 .327 155
1846 220 104
1847 375 247
1848 695 461
1849 815 546
In addition to this, about 200 tons of the sulphuret of
zinc are annually raised. — R. H.]
492a Coaxes, W.— Producer.
Specimens of lead ore from Tullyratty Mine, Strang-
ford, Ireland, the property of Lord de Rob.
493 CuMMiNo, J. G., Isle of Man — Producer.
Argentiferous galena, from the Foxdale Mines, con-
taining 36 ounces of silver to the ton.
[This lead ore is procured from a granite vein, running
N.N.W. and S.S.E., nearly magnetic; it improves in
quality, and increases in quantity downward, which is an
unusual occurrence. It is now being worked at 50
fathoms from the surface. — R. H.]
494
Btebs, Joshua, Stockton-on-Tees, Durham —
Producer and Manufacturer.
Lead ore from Qrasshill Mine, Teesdale.
Silver and litharge from the some mine.
Refined, common, and slag lead.
Thin sheet-lead and lead pipe.
•i95
BuBR, Thomas, William, & Gboroe, Shrewsbitry —
Producers and Manufacturers.
Mineral specimen, raised at the Snailbeach lead mines,
Shrewsbury, weighing 12 swt., containing cubes of lead
and zinc ore, in coi\j unction with carbonate and sulphate
of barytes.
[«■]
[DfFiciAL Illustrated CATAii>auE.]
174
Ci.Afw 1.— MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS.
South Side, — Areas S. 1 to S. 27.
[United
[The produce of the Snailbeach Mines since 1845 has
been as follows: —
iMdOiM. Uod.
Yean. Tom. Tom.
1845 3,000 2,000
* 1846 3,852 2,700
1847 3,486 2,440
1848 8,463 2,436
1849 3,196 2,301
The returns for 18.50 are not yet completed. — R. H.]
Composition tube, being an amalgam of certain metals,
calculated to resist the action of acids contained in water
or gas.
496
The Ddke of Devonshire, and his Agent, Capt.
Eddt, Qrassinijton — Producers.
Specimen of the Devonshire lode at Orassington
mines.
Specimen of the gritstone, in which the lead occurs.
Vein specimens from other lodes.
Transverse section of the Devonshire lode.
[The lode in the Orassington mines offers an exception
to the common rule of lead veins in England, the whole
produce being obtained in gritty beds alternating with
the limestoue and shale, and not in the limestone, as it
usually occurs. The veins worked in this district are
generally with faults, and the veinstone is chiefly calc
spar, fluor spar, and barytes. — ^D. T. A.]
497 Pattinson & Cain, Newcastle-upon-Tyne —
Producers.
Specimens of a peculiar ore of lead, viz., arsenio-phos-
phate of lead, rarely found in such large masses. From
Dry QUI Mine, near Hesket New Market, Cumberland.
[This appears to be the mineral called by Breithaupt,
Kampylite, an arseniate of lead, in which the arsenic is
partially replaced by phosphorus.
The arseuio-phosphate of lead from this mine has been
employed in gloss manufacture, for the purpose of giving
high transparency to the best flint or crystal, which
appeared to be produced by the formation of a lead glass,
which may be regarded as a phosphate of lead and silica.
— R. H.]
498 Bennett, Thomas. 11 Woodbridije Street,
Clerkmweli — Manufacturer.
Specimen of uniform leaf gold, manufactured by steam
machinery, for gilding large plain surfaces, and for ex-
terior decorations; of an extra deep colour, for gilding
looking-glasses, cornices, &c.
499 Sjiith, R., Blackford, Perthshire — Inventor.
Minerals from the Ochills, collected by the exhibitor.
Two new alkaloids, "cytismne," found in the bark of the
laburnum 'ti combination with meconic acid; and euphor-
bine, from Euphorbia ufficituilis. Stai-ch, from the tubers
of the Lunaria biennis ; and iodine, from the I'olytrichum
midHlatutn.
500 Phillips, Smith, & Co., Llanelhj, Wales—
Manufacturers.
Series of specimens illustrative of the manufacture of
tin plates.
[To prepare tin plates, sheets of iron are carefully
cleaned from all oxidation and from every trace of or-
ganic matter: then being dipped into a saline solution,
which secves as a flux, they are dipped into melted tin,
which is diffused by heat over the surface, and the tin
plate is completed.]
Pig-iron, as received from the blast furnace.
Rough bar mode from pig-iron, first melted and refined
by blast and coke fuel, and converted into malleable
iron in a charcoal fire, stamped and rolled into a rough bar.
^ter-ii-on made from the rough bar heated with blast
and coke in a hollow fire, hammered and rolled into a
finished bar.
Sheet-iron, known as black plate, rolled in case-
hardened rolls from the bar-iron.
Black plate cleaned in a preparation of sulphuric acid
passed through planished rolls, and softened by heating
in pots previous to being coated with tin.
Sheet of black plate, partly tinned.
Wooden boxes, each containing a specimen of finished
sheets of different sizes and thickness.
601 DowNMAN, H. H. — Producer.
Wood impregnated with block tin.
502 Jenkins, William Harbt, TVuro- -Producer.
Specimens of arsenic : — AVhite arsenic, arsenioiis acid,
used in glass manufactories, in patent shot manufactories,
for washes fur sheep, to preserve the wool and prevent the
fly, and for preventing smut in wheat, &c. ; white arsenic,
in crystals, and sublimated, for the same purposes.
Realgar, sulphuret of arsenic, used by pointers as orange
red pigment ; orpiment, used by painters as yellow
pigment.
Varieties of rarer minerals from various ports of
Cornwall.
Specimens of wolfram from various tin mines in Corn-
wall, used as a mordant in dying calicoes.
Varieties of mimdics, or pj-rites, from various mines in
Cornwall — Mangan Mine, an arsenuriet of iron. Wheal
Withey, near Tniro; Baldhor Mine, near Truro; Royal
Polberrow Consols Mine in St. Agnes ; Wheel Andrew and
Nangiles, near Truro, and others, a sulphuret of iron.
Assorted specimens of pyrites of various qualities, from
different mines, by the use of which, in combinations,
a large produce of sulphuric acid is obtained.
[The arsenical pyrites, and the copper and iron ores
containing arsenic, are the common sources for this sub-
stance. The ores are first roasted in "burning houses,"
and the volatile matters, sulphur and arsenic, collected
in the flues. These are afterwords separated from each
other by a more delicate process, so as to sublime one
and not the other.
Wolfram, tungstate of iron, has only lately been in-
troduced into the market. The timgstote of soda ond
tungstic acid ore proposed to be employed as a mordant,
and a new crimson pigment is an oxide of timgsten. —
R. H.]
503 Davey, Stephen, Redruth-
Specimens of ores of zinc.
-Miner.
504 Cole, Edward Joseph— Producer,
Rich specimen of tin ore, estimated to contain 60 per
cent, black tin, raised January, 1851, from Risehill mine,
near Tavistock,
504a Nicholson, Sir N,, Fetlar, ZeWdnrf— Producer.
Specimens of clays, chromate of iron, block lead, and
magnetic sand from Fetlar, Shetland Islands.
[The chromote of iron is chiefly used in the production
of chromate of potash, the ore being cleaned, pounded,
calcined with a certain proportion of nitre, and evaporated
after lixiviation with water. From the neuti-al chromate
thus obtained, or the bichromate, are produced chromate
of lead (chrome yellow); a green oxide used aa an enamel
colour in porcelain (chrome green); and a beautiful ver-
milion (subchromate of lead). Chromic acid is also
manufactured from the some mineral, Chromate of
iron is obtained in England principally from the Shetland
Islands,— D. T. A.]
Kingdom.]
Class 1.— MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS.
South Sidk. — Aukas 8. 1 to 8. 27.
178
605 WIU.IAM8 & Sons, Comity Wioklow, Ireland—
Producer.
Sulphur ore ; manganese ore, from QIandore Mining
Compnny.
[What is here not improperly called " sulphur ore" ia
iron pyrites (sulphuret of iron), foxmd very abundantly
in and largely exported from the county of Wioklow. It
ig used to an enormous extent, in chemical works, for the
manufacture of the various sulphur salts, as sulphate of
Boda, &o. The Wioklow pyrites is better adapted for
such purposes than the Cornish, as it deoompos s very
readily on exposure. — D. T. A.]
606 Obey, John, Dihton, Corbridge — Agent.
Blende and calamine from Alston Moor, Cumberland.
Four plates of spelter, two whole, and two broken, pro-
duced from the same.
607 General Mining Company for Ibeland, Thobias
Maouire, Secretary, 2 Burgh Quay, DiMin — Pro-
ducer.
Silver-lead ore (argentiferous galena), from Shallee
mines, Tipperary; exported from Dublin to the river
Dee, in North Wales. This ore produces 75 per cent.
lead, and from 44 to 54 ounces of silver to the ton.
[The Shallee mines made their first return of lead in
1847, it being then 209 tons of lead ore, which produced
125 tons of lead. Since that time the quantity raised
has been regularly increasing. — ^R. H.]
Silvery-copper ore (argentiferous sulphuret of copper),
from Qurtuadyne, near silver mines, county Tipperary ;
exported from Dublin to Swansea, South Wales. This
ore produces 12} per cent, copper, and about 27 ounces
of silver to the ton of ore.
Copper ore (sulphuret of copper), from Ballynoe, near
silver mines, county Tipperary, exported from Dublin to
Swansea, South Wales. Average produce, about 40 tons
per month. This ore produces 25 per cent, of copper.
Copper ote, from Lackamore, county Tipperary, similarly
exported. This ore produces 36 per cent, of copper.
Specimens of all these ores, as taken from the mine,
and as dressed for market.
508 BoTAL DuBUN Society of Ibeland — Producer.
Specimens of lead ore in its various stages; lead, lead-
pipe; patent shot; sheet of copper.
509 His Qrace the Duke of Buccleuch,
DrunUanrig Castle — Producer.
Model of the furnaces and pots employed on the Duke
of Buccleuch's mines, at Wanloch Lead-hills, in Dum-
friesshire, for separating pure silver from the rich lead
oi-e of that district.
r\)f
y
i^J-'
Fig.l.
Fig. 2.
V> S '. 0
.J.L.I.L.] U.1-1 U -
I
These engravings represent an elevation and sections of
the peculiar arrangements adopted in these smelting
works. Fig. 1 represents the section of the chimney
with the flue entering it from below. Fig. 2 shows the
arrangement adopted for deprecating the fumes as they
pass upwards, and also the hydraulic trap at the summit
of the vertical flue of the exhausting chamber. Fig. 3
shows the mechanical arrangement for communicating a
reciprocating horizontal movement to the hydraulic slide
plate over the top of the chamber. Fig. 4 shows the
slide plate seen from above. Fig. 5 is a ground plm of
the chambers, chimney, &c.
The following illustrations accompany the moJel.
A block of pure silver, weighing more than 140 lbs.;
separated from the rich lead, and purchased by silver-
smiths as " unalloyed."
(n) Original lead as brought from the mines after smelt-
ing, containing 7 oz. 9 dwts. 8 grains of silver.
(6) Crystals of lead after passing through one process
of crystallization.
0 2
176
Class 1.— MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS.
South Side — Areas 8. 1 to 8. 27.
[United
(o) The Bame, after a second crystallization.
(d) Rich lead, containing 81 oz. 1 dwt. 3 grains of
silver; and now ready for the la«t process of oxidization,
by which the silver is finally separated from the lead.
(e) Maricetable lead from the crystallizing process; and
which contains from ^ to f of an ounce of silver per ton.
(/) Models of the grt>at ingot moulds employed for
forming the pigs of lead of commerce.
(g) Model of the great sp-^on-strainers employed for
sepaivting the pure, or nearly pure lead, from the molten
liquid.
The operation depends upon the property which lead
possesses in weak alloys of crystallizing at a certain tem-
perature, by which means those orystals, at the moment
of forming, can be extracted, and thus separated from
the silver mass.
By a particular manipulation in transferring the con-
centrated lead and silver from pot to pot, the macs is at
last reduced to an alloy, containing some 80 or 90 ounces
of silver to the ton of lead, and much beyond which
point it is not found advantageous to crystallize.
The rich lead is now simply melted in the refining fur-
nace, on a very lai-ge cupel, formed of bone ash, exposing
a great surface to the draught of air passing over it.
The oxygen of the atmosphcire is rapidly imbibed by the
lead, which becomes the litharge of commerce. This is
raked off as quickly as it forms; and finally, the silver is
left perfectly, or very nearly, pure, and run into ingots
for the market.
(g) Is the litharge or minium thus withdrawn from
the melted surface.
Model of the lead vapour-condensing apparatus, at
Wanloch Lead-mines, as improved by the exhibitor.
A collection of minerals from the Wanloch Lead-mines,
or Load-hills.
[In all great smelting works of this class, the smoke
rising from the funjaces is highly charged with noxious
vapours, containing, besides other poisonous matter; a
lai^ quantity of lead ; many attempts have been made
to obviate tUs nuisance, and tho system adopted by the
exhibitor has been found to be very successful.
An oblong building in solid masonry, about 30 feet in
height, is divided by a partition wall, into two chambers,
having a tall chimney or tower adjoining, which commu-
nicates with one of the chambers at the bottom. (See
engraving.) The smoke from the various furnaces, eight
in number, and about 100 yards distance from the con-
denser, is carried by separate flues into a lai^ chamber;
from thence, by a lai^r flue, it enters the first chamber
of the condenser at the very bottom, and is forced up-
wards in a zigzag course towards the top, passing four
times through a shower of water constantly percolating
from a pierced reservoir at the summit of the tower.
The smoke is again compelled to filter a fifth time, through
a cube of coke some two feet square, through which a
stream of water filters downwards, and which is confined
to its proper limits by a vertical grating of wood.
The smoke having reached the top, is now opposite the
passage, into the second, or vacuum chamber. This is
termed the exhausting chamber, and is about five feet
by seven feet inside, and 30 or more feet in height. On
its summit is fixed a lai^e reservoir, supplied by an am-
ple stream of water, always maintaining a depth of 6 to
10 inches. The bottom of thin tank is of iron, having se-
veral openings, or slots, 12 in number, about an inch in
width, and extending across the whole area of the reser-
voir, communicating directly with the chamber beneath.
On this iron plate, works a hydraulic slide-plate, with
openings corresponding in one position with those in the
reservoir. This plate receives a horizontal reciprocating
motion from a water-wheel or other power, driven by
means of a connecting-rod and crank.
In the middle of every stroke, the openings in the
plate correspond with those in the bottom of the re-
servoir, and a powerful body of water falls as a shower
bath, the whole height of the vacuum chamber, and in
doing BO, sweeps the entire inflide area, carrying with it
every particle of insoluble matter held suspended in the
vapours coming from the furnaces.
The atmospheric pressure, of course, acta in alternate
strokes as a blast at the furnace-mouths, ard causes a
drought sufficiently strong to force the impure vapours,
through the various channels, in connexion with the
water, the wet coke and exhausting chamber, until it
passes purified and inert into the atmosphere.
The water, saturated with particles of lead, &o., held
in mechanical solution, finally passes into groat dykes or
reservoirs, excavated for the purpose; and there deposits
its rich charge of metal.
(A) Is the lead collected from this "fume," or deposit,
which contains about 33 per cent, of pure lead, and about
4 oz. 17 dwts. and 7 grains of silver to the ton.
(0 The condensed fume roasted.
The results of this aiTangement are most apparent, and
benefioiil to the surrounding neighK urhood. Formerly,
the noxious fumes passing from the shafts of the fumooea,
poisoned the neighbourhood; the heather was burnt up,
vegetation destroyed, and no animal could graze, or bird
feed near the spot. Now, the heather is seen in luxu-
riance close around the establishment, the sheep graze
within a stone's throw of the chimney's base, and game
on all sides take shelter. — J. A. L.]
510
Wallace, William, & Cowper, T., Ntntkead,
Alston — Proprietors.
Carbonate of lead, from Little Eggleshope Lead Mine,
in Teesdale, county of Durham,
Minerals from Alston.
511 Barrett, Captain — Producer,
Cobalt and copper ores from Conuiston mines, near
Kendal, Lancashire,
512 Blee, R., JRedruth — Produoer.
Cobalt ores, from Cornwall,
513 LisKEARD Committee — Producers,
Various specimens, including iron pyrites; hornblende,
and antimony,
614 McscHAMP, WiLUAM, Denoent Lodge, Sumkrland —
Producer,
Specimen of Cally copper ore, a portion of a large
block weighing d cwt., recently raised at the Cally mines,
near Gatehouse of Fleet, Kirkcudbrightshire, Scotland.
The rock in which it is found, is brown killas, or clay
slate. The lode is from 2 feet 6 inches to 4 feet wide,
and is composed of sulphate of barytes, gossan, and other
mineral soils. The ore generally lies in solid ribs or
bunches, and is mostly unmixed with any matrix or vein
stuff. In some places it has been found 4 feet wide. The
ore is of very rich quality, being a compound of the
green and blue carbonates of copper, black, grey, and
yellow copper, yielding from 25 to 30 per cent, of metallic
copper. It has been sold in the market from 20/. to 2IU.
per ton.
615 DcBUN Society— Produoer,
Copper ore, from Knookmahon mines, Waterford,
616 Tennant, J., 5*ron<f— Importer.
Cupper ore, from Lake Superior.
KlMODOM.]
CLA88 1.— MINING AND Ml ERAL PRODUCTS.
South Sidk, — Areas S. 1 to 8, 27.
177
617 Orabam, John, Barrhead, near Olasgoie — Producer.
Qreenatone, ahowing native copper, aa found in the
rook when broken. Kative copper, aa found in the
fissures and crevices pf the rook, from Boyleston quarry,
Renfrewahire.
[The greenstone of Renfrewshire occurs both above
and below the coal-grits and coal. It ia an intruded rock
of variable but often very considerable thickness and
extent, and is likely to contain small quantities of various
metalliferouB aubatances and native metals, — D. T. A.]
618 Beboer, J. — Producer.
Native copper, from the Lizard.
619 Bbonton, W., Cornwall — Inventor.
Safety fuae for blaating.
620 CoPELAND, O. A., Pendennis, Falmouth —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Safety blasting cartridges, adapted for all kinds of
blaating; intended to afford protection to the workmen
from premature explosions, &c. The expedition in search
of Sir John Franklin was furnished with them, by order
of Her Majesty's Government, for ice- blasting in the
arctic regions.
.^
621 Offlahertie, H. — Producer.
Lead ore, from Olengola mines.
MINEH.
521a Mdrchisox, J. H. — Producer.
Specimens of copper ore from the island of Kawaw,
Kew Zealand. Specimens of the matrix of the silver-
lead ore at Beeralston, Devonshire,
622 Furbbs, a. C, 12 Old BwUnoton Street— Frodnoer.
Two specimens of Cinnabar, from the mines of New
Almaden, in Upper California; one of 141b, loz., the other
of 13lb. 2oz, On analysis by Dr, Hoffman, they are found
to consist of: — Mercury, 67*25; Sulphur, 10-33; Inso-
luble matter, 22 '55. The insoluble matter consisting
chiefly of silica, alumina, and traces of iron. On distil-
lation with lime, 3,750 grains yielded 2,625 grbiris of
mercury, or 70 per cent.
The mine has been worked one year; and in the month
of November 1850, it yielded 127, 500 lbs. of pure mercury.
This is exported from San Francisco to the ports of Span-
ish America,
[Cinnabar is the only important ore of mercury, but is
found in several states, sometimes in crystals, in lami-
nated and granular masses, in a fibrous condition, and
mixed with bitumen to the extent of 6 or 8 per cent. It
is soft: specific ^.ttvity =8*1 when pure, and is a sulphu-
ret of mercury (Hg, S.). The mines of Almaden, in Spain,
and Idria, in Carinthia, are those from which the chief
supply has hitherto been obtained; but the discovery of
mercury in the mountains on the coast of California,
some years since, promises to affect the supply very consi-
derably, when sufficient means are employed to work the
mines extensively, — D, T, A,]
623 Davies & Taylor, Aberystwith — Producers,
Specimens of lead ores,
[The Cardiganshire mines were worked at a very early
period, probably by the Romans, Henry VII, encouraged
mining by several grants, involving privileges to those
who would work these mines. In the reign of Queen
Elizabeth, there was a grant made of all these mines to
Thomas Thurland and Daniel Houghsetter, Qermons,
who worked them for some time. They eventually
pt^sed into the hands of Sir Hugh Middleton, who
realized a large profit by working them.
The present value of the Cardigonshii-e mines will be
seen by the following list of their produce: —
Lbbnrne Minn
Cwm-y-it >yth
Eigair-hir
Cwm-Mbon
LUtnhir Clydogau
Ooiilium
Gogerddan Minm
Nanty-y-creitu
Pen-y-liont-pren
CelVi-awm-brwyno . . . . .
Bwlch Cc -.toU ,
NkntWM
Aberyitwyth (imall mines)
Uwiymuon
Llanbadirn
Bron-berlUn
BrynarUn . , ,
Cwm-eifln
Uann • . . .
Eliteddfodd
Llwyn Malya
Bwlch-cwm-erfln
LeadOra
Hctuma.
Toiu. Cwts,
2,T»S 0
5Ha 0
55' 0
206 0
1,160 0
131 0
12
10
636
177
31
40 0
116 0
29 0
20 15
32 0
18 0
Lead
Batumi.
Tom. Cwti.
1,804 0
333 0
33' 0
134 0
766 0
87 0
7
7
42S
lOU
20
28 0
78 0
20 0
14 0
21 0
12 0
R. H,]
524 Hunt, Robert — Producer,
Mining map of Cornwall.
525 Arkansas Mining Company — Producer.
Sample of Arkansas lead ore in a lump aa cut from
between the solid walls of a vein, measuring 24 by 20
inches, and 9 inches thick. Its weight is nearly 11 cwt.
It contains also copper and iron ore, and the sulphuret
of zinc, and is coated over with quartz mixed with
barytes,
526 Hawke, E, H., Scorrier, Cornwall — Producer.
Specimens of safety fuse,
529 Knipb, J, A,, Clapham, Surrey — Designer and
Proprietor,
Geological map of the British Isles, and part of France.
This map shows, besides the sites of the various mineral
productions, and numerous geological sections of the
soil (explained in English, German, and French), the
inland navigation by rivers and canals, and the inUmd
traffic by railways and principal roads ; also, the sound-
ings and tidal observations round the coast, from surveys
by the Admiralty, Trinity House, and Dr, Whewell,
Geological and mineralogioal map of England and
Wales, with parts of Scotland, Ireland, and Fi-ance, This
map contains a select number of sections and notes of
economic geology, the sites of minerals, and rivers,
canals, &o,, with their heights above the level of the
sea. The pi-eceding maps are published by H, Bailliere,
219 Regent Street; and Joluistons, Edinburgh.
530 Mabriott, Mrs. Frederick, 3 Eastbourne Terrace,
Hyde Park — Producer,
Specimen of gold ore from the Mariposa mine, Cali-
fomia, estimated to contain 45} per cent, of gold. Ano-
ther specimen. {Mam Avenue East.)
631 Dkvo . tibe, Duke of— Producer,
Large quartz crystal. (^Main Avenue East.)
532 Ebskine, Jabies, Scotland — Producer,
Specimens of lead ore from the Black Craig Mines.
533 Webb, John & Charles, Sosoman Buildings,
Islington — Manufacturers .
Specimen of pipe as used at the exhibitors' soda-water
works ; and diagram of the London strata. (South
Wall.)
534 Samoel, M. a,, 23 Morland Square, Notting-hill —
Producer.
Specimen of sulphate of iron from Shakespere's Cliff,
Dover.
178
Clash 1.— MINING AND MINKUAL PllODUCTS.
[Umitru
AN ACCOUNT OF THE NATUUK AND EXTENT OF THE VARIOUS DEPOSITS OF MINEIUL FUEL
IN VAIUOUS I'AUTS OF THE WOKLD.
Aooomimuiod by a Mnp, ihowing the extent and poHition of the principal Coul-ileldii of Europe and
North America.
By D. T. Aniitkb, M.A., F.R.8., &o., Piof. Geo!., K.C.L.
1. Oenerat Account of MuterialH taetlfor Fiiel.
The chief «\ipplies of vnlunble fuel ore, and always
have been, derived iuunodiately or distiuitly from the
veKutablo kingdom. Whotlier in the form of wooil,
peat, lignite, i>r coid of variouH kindx, the original sub-
ataiioe of all fuel has been found to have thin ori{;iii, and
thus it would seenj that the power of vitality exorte<l in
producuig woody ftbre liaH Iteeu from time to time stored
up, as it were, into vast reservoin), where it might bo
preserved safely and permanoutiy for on indefinite pe-
riod.
in warm climates, whore the growth of vegetation is
extremely rapid, and compamtively little fuel ic nee<lod:
or in the early periods of civilization, before men con-
gregate in large masses in towns, or are actively employed
in mamifacture, there is little need of more fuel than is sup-
plied by the natural growth of foreste ; but under other cir-
cumstances, where forests are gnulually removed, and
the consumption of fuel at the same time increases, the
reserved stores are greatly needed, and unist ultimately
be reckoned among the main sources of a country's
wealth. The accumulations of mineral fuel in the Bri-
tish islands may be ranked as one of those natural ad-
Tantoges without which our country could not possibly
have taken up and held for a long time the position she
occupies among the nations of the earth; and thus, as one
of the great and princiiial sources of its mineral treasure,
the coal deposits of England demand and dejervo our
carefid attention. The relative supply of other countries,
and the activity and energy displayed in talking advantage
of the existence of mineral fuel, umst also be worthy of
attention, as illustrating imd explaining the condition of
many manufactures, and the probable advance of_ the
inhabitants of such districts in the roftnements of civili-
eation. Since the introduction of steam-power for all
purposes of machinery, the consumption of ooal has
very greatly increased, and at present it would be diiB-
cuit to set any limits to the use of so valuable a ma-
terial.
The changes undergone by vegetable matter when bu-
ried in the earth and accumulated in large quantities,
and the length of time needed to produce an^' marked
alteration, are subjects rather more interesting, iv may
seem, to the chemist than to the practical man, who
looks only for fuel that he may employ economically.
But inasmuch as the real condition of coal varies consi-
derably, and different kinds are valuable for different
purposes, it is desirable that the whole history of coal
and lignite beds, and of j>eat and turf, should be gene-
rally understood by every one using any or all of these
substances extensively.
Vegetable matter consists of particles of carbon with
minute proportions of several other elements arranged
round minute cavities or cellr, many of these being me-
chanically connected to form the varieties of vegetable
fibre. A large quantity of water is also present, and so
long as the vegetable lives there is a constant change and
circulation of material (Htrticles kept up, replacing and
renewing the different portions. When death takes
place there is a tendency to decomposition, ur the sepa-
ration of the whole iiito minute atoms, having no further
relation to each other. But this is frequently checked
by various conditions, such as the presence of some sub-
stances derived from plants themselves, or the absence
of sufficient oxygen gas to allow the change to take place,
by mixing with the carbon, and becoming carbonic acid
gas, the first step in the process of destruction. These
causes operate constantly, but partially, and thus a large
quantity of vegetable matter is always in the course of
decomposition, while, in pai-ticular spots, a large quan-
tity is constantly being accumulated. The latter con-
dition is seen in our climate in the gnidual but steady
iiicreiwe of peat bogs. The former is too common to
require further notice.
2. Peat find Tm-f.
Accumulations of vegetable nmtter may be chiefly
composed either of succulent vegetiktion, gnuuKis, or
marsh plants, or of trees, and the structure and uondi-
tion of woody fibre is well known to be very different
from that of grasses and succulent plants. There are
thus two very distinct kinds of material preserved, the
one undergoing change much less rapidly than the other,
an<l perhajm much leas completely. It is easy to prove
that, from the accumulation of forest trees has been ob-
tained the imperfect coal called lignite, while from mai'sh
plants and grasses, mixeil occasionally with wood, we
obtain peat, tuif, and bog. All these substiuices consist
to a great extent of carbon, the )>ro])ortion amounting
to frtnii 5U to i)U per cent., and being genendly greater
in lignite than in turf. On the other hand, the propor-
tion of oxygen gas is generally very much greater In
turf thiui in lignite. The proportion of ash is too variable
to be worih recording, but is generally suificieutly large
to ii\jure the <iuality of the fuel.
As a very largb quantity of turf exists in Ireland,
covering, indeed,iu) much as one-seventh part of the isliuid,
the usual and imj>ortiuit practical condition of this sub-
stance as fuel can be best illustrated by a reference to that
country. This will be underatood by the following ac-
count of its origin abstracted from the " Bog Report " of
Mr. Nimmo. He says, refen'ing to cases where clay
spread over gravel has produced a kind of puddle, pre-
venting the escape of the waters of floods or springs, and
when nmddy pools have thus been formed, that lujuatio
plants have gradually crept in from the boixlers of the
pool towards their deep centre. Mud accumulated round
their i-oots and stalks, and a spongy semi-fluid was thus
formed, well fitted for the growth of moss, which now,
e8i)eciaily spears of Sphwiwiin, began to luxuriate; this
absorbing a lai^e quantity of water, and continuing to
shoot out new plants al)ove, while the old were decaying,
rotting, and compressing into a solid substance below, gra-
dually replaced the water by a mass of vegetable matter.
In this nuuiner the marsh might be fill id up, while the
centi-al or moister portion, continuing to excite a more
rapid growth of t!ie moss, it would be gradually raised
above the edges, until the whole surface had attained an
elevation sutficient to discharge the surface-water by
existing channels of drainage, and calculated by its slope
to facilitate their (lassage, when a limit would be, in some
degree, set to its fui-thor increase. Springs existing under
the bog, or in its immediate vicinity, might indeed still
favour its growth, though in a decreasing ratio; and
hero, if tlio water proceeding from them were so ob-
structed as to accumulate at its base, and to keep it in a
rotten fluid state, the surface of the bog might be ulti-
mately BO raised, imd its continuity below so totitlly de-
stroyed, as to cause it to flow over the retaining obstacle,
and flood the adjacent country.
In mountain districts the progress of the phenomenon
is similar. Pools, indeed, ciuinot in so many instances
be formed, the steep slopes fitcilitating drainage, but the
clouds and mists resting on the summits and sides of
mountains, amply supply their surface with moisture,
which comes, too, in the most favourable form for vege-
tation, not in a sudden torrent, but unceasingly and
gently, drep by drop. The extent of such bogs is also
affected by the nature of the rock below them. On
quai-tz they are shallow and small ; on any rock yielding
[ITnitri)
KlNODOM.J
Ci.ABS 1.— MINING AND MINKltAL PRODUCTH.
179
by it* (lucoiiipfiHitinn n utuyey uoiitiii((, tliay uro ooiMlilur-
nulu; thu thiukiiuMH of tho hof; (for uxiiniplo in Knouk-
laid, III tliu uouiity uf Alitriiu, which in l,<iHri foot high)
boing Hourly I'J fi'ot. The auuiiiilt ho^H of hiuh iiioiiii-
tuiuH lu-o (liMtiiiguiHhablo from thoiie of lower levela, by
tliu total ntMuiiuu of tui'^o trooM.
Ah turf iiiulu(loi) a iuohm of plaiitH in difleront stages of
devouiiMmiiioii, its luiiiect niid coTiHtitiitioii vary very
luiicli. Near the Hurtitce it la liglit-oolourt^d, «i>oiigy,
mid ooutalns the vogotable iiinttor but little altered ;
douiier it U brown, doiwor, and more duuoini>oiiod ; and
fluitlly, at tliu buMO of the greater bogs, some of which
IiruHuiit a depth of 40 foot, the mnwi of turf aasumHS the
dor'' colour, and nuurly tho doiisity of ooal, to which
>•' y tiiiiiroximutos very much in chemical ooniposition,
I'ue amount of ash contniuo<l in turf Ih qIho variable, and
appears to increnso in proportion as wu dcHcoud. Thus,
ill the Hootion of a bog 40 foot deop, at TImuhoe, those
portions near the surfooo contained I ^ |>or cent, of ashes,
the centre portions :i^ per cent., whikt tho lowest four
feet of turf, coiitaine<l 1 0 per cunt, of aslios. In the
euperficial hiyera, it may also be remorkod, that the com-
position is ueiu'ly the some as that of wood, the vegetable
material being but little altered, and in the lower we find
tho change into coal nearly oomploto. Notwitlistanding
theao extreme variations, we may yet ostabliHli the ordi-
nwy uoustitutiou of turf with cortitinty enough for prac-
tical use, and, ou the average snocimuus of turf selected
from varioiw localities, the following results have been
obtained : —
The oaloriflo power of dry turf is about half that of
coal ; it yields, when ignited with litharge, about four-
teen times its weight of loivd. This power is, however,
immensely diminished in ordinary use, by the water
which is allowed to remain in its texture, and of which
the spongy character of its mass renders it very difficult
to get rid. There is nothing which requires more altera-
tion than the collection and preparation of turf; indeed,
for practical purposes, this valuable fuel is absolutely
spoiled as it is now prepared in Ireland. It is cut iu a wot
season of the year; whilst drying it is exposed to the wea-
ther; it hence is in reality not dried at all. It is very
usual to find the turf of commerce containing one-fourth of
its weight of water, although it then feels dry to the hand.
But let us examine how that affects its calorific power.
One pound of pure dry turf will evaporate 6 lbs. of water;
now in 1 lb. of turf, as usually found, there are} lb. of
dry turf, oiid li lb. of water. The | lb. can only evapo-
rate 4} lbs. of water; but out of this it must first evapo-
rate the J lb. contained in its mass, and hence the water
boiled away by 1 lb. of such turf is reduced to 4f lbs.
The loss is here 'M por cent., a proportion wliich makes
all the difference between a good fuel and one almost
unfit for use. When tuif is dried in the air, under cover,
it still retains one-tenth of its weight of water, which
reduces its calorific power 12 per cent., 1 lb. of such turf
evaporating 5] lbs. of water. This effect is BufiScient,
however, for the great mi\jority of objects; the further
desiccation is too expensive and too troublesome to be
used, except iu some especial coses.
The characteristic fault of turf as a fuel is its want of
density, which renders it difficult to concentrate within
a limited space the quantity of heat necessary for many
operations. The manner of beating tui-f is, indeed, just
the opposite to that of anthracite. The turf yields a
vast body of volatile inflammable ingredients, which pass
into the flues and chimney, and thus distribute the heat
of combustion over a great space, whilst in no one point
is the heat intense. Hence for all flaming fires turf is
applicable, and in its application to boilers it is pecu-
liarly useful, OS there is no liability to that burning away
of the metal, which may arise from the local intensity of
the heat of coke or coal. If it be required, it is quite
possible, however, to obtain a very intense heat with
turf.
The removal of the porosity and elasticity of turf, so
that it may assume the solidity of coal, has been the ob-
ject of many who have proposed mechanical and other
processes for the purpose. It has been found that the
oliMtioity of tliu turf fibre proHonts groat obstacles to
compruNsioii, and tho black turf, which is no' fibrous, is,
of itself, sufllciontly delise.
Not inoroly may we utilise turf in its mtural condi-
tion, or coiiiprosHod, or impregmit^jd with pit shy matter,
hut we may carbonize it, us we do wimmI, iiid jiropare
turf charcoal, the proiiertioM of which it is it iportaiit to
establish. The motlKHls of carbonization lu-e of two
kinds: — I. By heating turf inclose vessels; by this mode
loss is avoided, but it is oxiioiiHivo, and there is no cotii-
ponsation in the distilled liquors, which do not contain
acetic acid in any quantity. Tho tar is oftou small in
quantity, and the gases are deficient in illuminating
1 lower, hence the charcoal is tho only valuable product.
Ih quantity varies from 30 to 40 per cent, by weight
of the dry turf. The products of the distillation of
\,\h7 lbs. of turf were found by filavior to bo — charcoal,
474 lbs., or 41 percent. ; waterv liquid, 'i'lD lbs., or WfH
per cent. ; gaseous matter, 4.^0 lbs., or !iO (ler cent. ; and
tar, 7 lbs,, or H per cent. ; but the proportion of tur ia
variable, sometiiiicH reaching to 'ii'!} per cent, when
coked in close vessels.
The economical carbonization of turf is best carried on
in heaps, in the same manner as that of wood. The
sods must be regularly arranged, and laid as close ua
possible ; they are the bettor for being large — 1.5 iiichea
long, by G broad, and 5 deep. The hoajis, built hotiii-
spherically, should be smaller in size than the heaps of
wood usually are. In general 5,000 or 0,000 large soda
may go to a heap, which will thus contain 1,.''>00 cubic
feet. The mass must be allowed to heat more than is
necessary for wood, and the process ro<iuiros to be Vdry
carefully attended to, from the extreme combustibility
of the charcoal. The quantity of charcoal obtained in
this mode of carbonization is from 25 to 30 per cent, of
tho weight of dry turf.
The cuarcoal so obtained is very light and very inflam-
mable; it possesses nearly the volume of the turf. It
usually bums with a light flame, as the volatile matters
are not totally exi>elled. This is shown by the com-
position of a specimen analyzed with the following
result : —
Carbon 89-»0
Hydrogen 1*70
Oxygen and nitrogen . , 4*20
Ashes 4-20
100-00
For many industrial uses the charcoal so prepared is
too light, as, generally speaking, it is only with fuels
of considerable density that the most intense heat can
be produced; but by coking compressed tuif, it has
been already shown that the resulting charcoal may
attain a density of 1,040, which is far superior to that of
wood charcoal, and even equal to that of the best coke
made from coal. As to calorific effect, turf charcoal is
about the same as coal cokes, and little inferior to wood
charcoal.
It is peculiarly important, in the preparation of the
charcoal from turf, that the material should be selected
as free as possible from eai-thy impurities, for all such
are concentrated in the coke, which may be thereby ren-
dered of little comparative value. Hence the coke from
surface turf contains less than 1 0 per cent, of bsh, whilst
that of the dense turf of the lower strata contains from
20 to 30 per cent. This latter quantity might altogether
unfit it for practical purposes.
The above account of turf and its value, for which
we are much indebted to the work of Sir Robert Kane,
on the Industrial Resources of Ireland, will be found to
apply in in importitnt way to many experiments lately
tried with this kind of fuel, and illustrated by several
objb'>ts exhibited by Mr. Cobbold, Mr. Reece Hees, Mr.
J. Uo jers, and others. The products obtained for eco-
nomii! use, by the more careful distillation of turf and
peat, wil bo fully described by i-eference to the body of
tho Cuvologuo.
180
Class 1.— MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS.
[Unitbd
3. I.ijnite.
Lignite nlio ooouni in Ireland, eipeoiallv on the ahonw
of Lough Neagli, where it is partly used aa fuel. The
VMt quantity of the lignite may be jiiilgod frum a boring
at Sandv Bay, described by Ulr. Qrifflth. In 70 feet of
depth there ooourred three beds of lignite, one of 20,
one of 35, and one of lA feet thick, giving a total thick-
ness of strata of fuel of 60 feet; the remaining 16 feet
were clay. Elsewhere, the beds of lignite are not so
much developed ; but as the area of this tertiary basin
extends over lOU square miles, the quantity of fuel
therein contained may be considered of much public
interest.
This lignite is intermediate between wood and coal, and
is found on examination to present all the structure of
wood, and is of a deep brown colour. When ignited, it
eves off gaseous matter, which bums brilliantly, and
aves a dense black ohiutioal. Specimens are found to
contain (him 53-7 to 57 '7 volatile matter, 30-0 to 33-6
carbon, 8 to 16 ash.
The economic value of the lignite appears trom those
analyses about two-thirds that of average coal. The
heat which it produces is more diffused than that from
coal, and less intense. Indeed, in all respects as to
application to industrial uses, the position of lignite is
between those of coal and wood. The attempts hitherto
made to render this fuel available for various economic
purposes have not been very successful.
At Bovey Tracy, in Devonshire, and at Brora, in
Butherlandshire, other beds of lignite occur, and have
been partially used; and in various oolitic beds in York-
shire similar mineral fuel exists to a small extent. None
of these, as at present worked, present any features of
considerable interest. Some beds of bituminous shale
at Kimmeridge, Dorsetshire, and elsewhere, have been
employed chietly for local purposes.
But the lignite of Ireland is far inferior, both in extent
and calorific power, to that of Qermany, where fuel of
this kind exists in several places, and to a vast extent.
On the bonks of the Rhine, in Nassau and its vicinity,
and in the east of Europe, in Silesia, and in parts of
Styria, deposits of this kind are exceedingly remarkable,
and of great economic importance. Their thickness is
sometimes enormously g^oat, reaching to 120 feet, and
even more, but the beds are generally detached and
•mall, and more resemble drift accumulations than r<>
gular deposits. The value of these lignites for the ma-
nufacture of iron must ultimately be very considerable,
as there exist abundant supplies of iron ore in the imme-
diate vicinity of the fuel, both in Austria and on the
Rhine, and also in Silesia.
The lignites of Oermany often exhibit distinct woody
structure, and can be referred to coniferous trees. They
contain a somewhat large per centoge of ash, do not
form good and compact charcoal, and will not stand the
blast of a blacksmith's forge. They are generally so wet
as to require some drying before being used, and when
exposed to the air they often crack. In texture they are
tough, and sometimes exhibit autficient remains of their
origin as to resist effectually the blow of a hammer, or,
if breaking, only parting in the grain of the wood. The
change they have undergone has, therefore, been too
■mall to have given them any of the essential characters
of true coal, hut they still are so far reservoirs of carbon
that we cannot doubt of their being ultimately rendered
available.
4. Nat>tre and Distribution of Coal,
True coal is so much altered from its original vegetable
condition as to have left scarcely any traces of its true
history. It is generally, however, associated with sands
and clavs, exhibiting numerous fragments of the ancient
vegetation that obtained at the time of its formation;
but these fragments are so far removed in every respect
with the existing form of vegetation, as to afford little
olue to the ancient condition of the earth in this respect.
In coal all trace of true woody fibre has disappeared; the
wtttor originally present, and so injurious in the less
altered forms of vegetable fuel, is entirely absent, or.
if present at all, is so rather mechanically than chemically,
while the water originally in the plant appears to have un-
dergone decoiniMwition, the hydrogen uniting with some
part of the carbon to form oarburetted hydrogen gas, often
existing in the cells and between the plates of the coal,
under considerable pi-essure, and the oxygen being almost
entirely removed. The former vegetable has now become
a mineral substance, and lies in vast beds of variable
thickness, and overlying each other to the extent some-
times of more than a hundred in a single district; such
beds being regularly interstratified with deposits of sand
and clay, and occupying a distinct geological position,
being, with only a very raw exceptions, confined to rooks
belonging to the newer part of the palmosoio series.
Between the Arctic Circle and the Tropic of Cancer
repose all the principal carboniferous formations of our
planet. Some detached coal deposits, it is true, exist
above and below those limits, but they appear, so far as
we know, to be of limited extent. Many of these south-
em coal-fields are of doubtful geological oge: a few
are supposed to approximate to the class of true coals,
as they are commonly styled; others are decidedly of
the brown cool imd tertiary period; while the remainder
belong to various intermediate ages, or possess peculiar
characters, which render them of doubtful geological
origin.
The coals of Melville Island and Byam Martin's Island
certainly appear to be of the true cool period. We know
that coal exists at numerous intermediate points, from
the 75th to the 27th degree of north latitude in America,
and also that it is worked on the Sulado and Rio Qrande
rivers in Mexico, for the use of the steamers.
Southward of the Tropic of Cancer, the existence of
coal, corresponding with the European and American
hard coal, is somewhat uncertain. There seems to be
none on the South American continent, unless it be at
Ano Paser, which needs confirmation, or in the province
of Santa Catherina, in Brazil. On the African continent
we have had vague accounts of coal in Ethiopia and at
Mozambique also at Madagascar; and quite mcently
we have had intelligence of large quantities of coal in
the newly-ceded territory above Port Natal, on the
eastern side of Africa; but we believe no geologir* has
examined those sites. In the Chinese and Burmes'^ em-
pires only brown coal appears to approach the tropic, but
true coal seems to exist in the northern provinces.
Southward of the Asiatic continent we are uncertain of
the exact character of the cool deposits, such as occur
abundantly at Sumatra, Java, and Borneo, and neigh-
bouring islands. Coal, however, exists in these islands,
and is of fair workable quality.
In New South Wales, the great coal -range on the
eastern margin of that continent hns sometimes been de-
scribed as resembling the Newcastle coal in England,
and sometimes it is described as of more ancient date.
This coal differs essentially from that of any known
European formation, but bears a strong rosemblonce to
the Burdwan coal of India.
We have not yet arrived at the period when we could
pronounce with any approach to certainty on the actual
number of coal-bnsins in the world; the total number
must, however, amount at least to from 250 to 300 prin-
cipal coal-fields, and many of these are subdivided, by the
disturbed position of the strata, into subordinate basins.*
These basins or coal districts are, however, grouped into a
comparatively small number of districts, and even many
of these are little known, and not at all measured. The
greater number occur in Western Europe and Eastern
North America, while Central and Southern Africa,
South America, and a large part of Asia, ore totally with-
out any trace of true carboniferous rocks. The remarks,
therefore, that will follow, chiefly refer to the coal of
our own and adjacent countries, or of the United States
and British North America.
There are various kinds of coal obtained from mines
worked in the true coal-fields, which may be grouped
into bituminous coal, steam coal, and anthracite. Of
tl
* Tbytor'a "Sutiitic* of Coal," Introdiietion, p. uxvii.
KiNnnoM.]
Ci,AM l.-MTNINO AND MTNRnAT. PROPUCTft.
Ifll
th« Unit the oMinel ia a reinarknl)le variety, the ooMner
kiiwii of it being culled in Hootland " |>aiTOt," and Hotne-
tiinea iplint ooal. It onntaiiw fVum 40 to nearly 00 per
cent, of volatile nMtter, and the proportion or oarbon
varion within the «ame limita. It biimii readili , taking
lire like a candle, and giving a bright light, snd much
anioke, The aah varies from about 4 to 10 pur cent.
Thia ooal vielda on destructive diatlllation a very large
quantity of giM, and ia profitably uaed for that purpose.
The gaa ia not only large in quantity, but remarkably
pure, and of excellent quality for puriHiaea of illumina-
tion. There ia a lurge uiiautity of thm kind of coal in
the Hootch oonl-flelda, riiu it has alao been found in the
Newcastle <liHtriot, in the Wigan portion of the Lanca-
shire ooal-fleld, and in the Yorkshire and Derbyshire
coal-fields. America vlelds oannel coal in Kentucky,
Indiana, Illinoia, and Missouri. Cannel coal passes into
let, and may like jet be worked into various ornaments;
but it is brittle, and not very hard. The seams are
genundly rather thin, although there are several im-
portant excetttions in which the quantity is very con-
siderable. The ooal of Belgium from one basin (that of
Mons) seems to be of this kind.
Another and for more abundant kind of bituminous
ooal is that obtained abundantly in Northumberland
and Durham, and commonly used in London and every-
where on the east and south coast of England. This
kind is also highly bituminous, bums with much flame,
and takes fire readily, but it swells and altera its form
while burning, often assuming a striking and very
neouliar apnearonoe, illustrated by a column of coke ex-
hibited by Mr. Corv, and nlso by other cokes shown by
the coal trade of Northumberland and Durham. This
oidiing cool, as it is oalleil, yields, on an average of several
analyses, about 57 per oent. of oarbon, about 37'6 volatile
matter, and 5 per cent. ash. Its specific gravity is 1 -257,
bu J sometimes uigher. It leaves » red ash in an open fire,
but requires to be deprived of its volatile matter before
being exposed to a strong blant, owing to its tendency to
oemeut together in a solid mass, and prevent a free
draft through the grate or furnace in which it is em-
uloyed. Mot only the coals of the Newcastle coal-field
in England, but those of France and Belgium generally, of
Bohemia, and Silesia, in Europe, and of Ohio, in North
America, are of the caking bituminous liind.
The coals of Staffordshire, Yorkshire and Derbyshire,
Lancashire, North Wales, and many other districts, con-
tain nearly or quite as much bituminous and volatile
matter as that of Newcastle, but does not cake and swell
in the fire, and may, therefore, be employed directly where
strong heat is reqmred without previous coking. The coke
obtained from tliis ooal is little altered in appearance.
The ooal bums freelv, will flame and give much heat,
but is generally considered somewhat inferior for house-
hold purposes to that of Newcastle. It yields 50 to 60
per cent, oarbon, 35 to 45 volatile matter, and a smaM
quantity, often less than 5 per cent., of ash. The ash is
often white. Most of the coals from the inland counties
readily show white lines on the edges of the beds, owing
to the pressure of argillaceous earth which eiHoresces. In
this respect they are less adapted for general use than the
Newcastle coal, but many of them are of excellent quality.
Next in order to the coals of the midland counties
generally, ore those of some parts of North Wales, and
miuiy districts in South Wales, which contain a loi^r
per oentoge of oarbon, very little volatile matter and
bitumen, and often but little ash; which bum, however,
fi>3ely and without smoke, and are well adapted for
steam purposes and the manufacture of iron, or where a
strong blast and great heat is required. Such coals
exist not only in England, but in ^imce. Saxony, and
Belgium to some extent. They are often tender or
powdery, dirty-looking, and of comparatively loose tex-
ture, but they often stiuid exposure to the weather without
alteration or ii\jury. They are called steam coals, and
the inferior kinds are known as culm. They contain
oarbon 81 to 85, volatile matter 11 to 15, ash 3, or
thereabouts. Several varieties well known in commerce
are exhibited by different proprietors, and the reHpuctive
analyses will be found in many coses in the body of the
Catnliigue.
The last kind of ooal is that colled " anthracite," and it
consists almost exclusively uf carbon. This coal is also
called non-bitumino\is, as the steam coal is semi-bitumi-
nous. The anthracites contain from 80 to upwards of
95 per cent, oarbon, with a little ash, and sometimes a
certain small per centage of volatile matter. They are
heavier than common coal, teko fire with difficulty, but
give an intense heat when in full combustion with a
strong draught. Anthracite occurs abundantly in the
western part of South Wales, in the south of Ireland, in
France, Saxony, Hussia, luid in North Aiiiericii, and the
use of them is f.;reatly on the increase. Amongst other
things it ic used for hop and malt drying, and lime burn-
ing with great advantage, but its chief use is in the
manufacture of iror The appearance is often bright,
with a shining irregular fracture ; the coal is often hard,
but some varieties are temler and readily fractured. The
ash of anthracitio coal is generally white. As a general
rule the anthracites are deficient in hydrogen, but con-
tain a certain proportion of oxygen gas.
The foUowmg table represents the weight of water
evaporated by one pound each of several principal
varieties of coal, and is, therefore, — other things being the
same — a good index of the relative value of these fuels : —
Lbs. o>.
Common Scotch bituminous ( oal . 5 14
Hastings Hartley main, Newc Jitle . 6 14)
Carr's West Hartley, Newcastle , .76
Middling Welith anthracite . . . 7 15|
Merthyr bituminous cool (South
Wales) 8 0
Llangenech steam coal. South Wales . 8 144
Cameron's steam coal, South Wales . 9 7|
Pure Welsh anthracite. South Wales . 10 H^
The relative importance of mineral fuel in various
countries, as mdicated liy the actual coal area and the
real production of different districts, may be underatood
by a reference to the subjoined table. This and other
statistical facts are bnsed chiefly upon the authority of
Mr. Taylor,* but have brtfore been given in their present
form by the author of the present essay, t
CoVNTRIla.
Coal Arm Proportion
in Stiitare ' of uhole
Milea, '.^renoftke
I'oiintrv.
Britiali lalamU .
France
llelftinm . . . .
Spain
VruBsia • . . •
Holiemia • . . .
Uniipd Sta'eti of Amprica
llritiah North America .
I2,nii0
2,(HiO
.'>!J0
4,OuO
1,2'I0
I ,(100
11!! ,1)00
18,000
1-10
1-ino
l-2ii
l-5a
l-uo
1-SO
1-80
S-9
Annual
I'roduction
in Ton*.
»)l,nno,ooo
4,I&0,II00
5,U0(l,(lUU
no uuO
3,aou,auo
4,000,000
It will th\is be seen how extremely important the coal-
fields of the British islands really- are when compared
with any othoi's elsewhere. This is the case not merely
in the total annual production and the proportionate
extent of the deposit, but also in the great number of
points at which the coal con be advantageously worked.
Thif. will be best seen by reference to the table appended.
The beds with which the coal is generally associated in
tLe British islands are various sands and shales (imperfect
slav.y beds) of different degrees of hardness; but the
ac*,ual coal seams themselves often repose directly on
clay of peculiar fineness, well adapted for fire-brick, and
g3nerally called under-clay. The under-day is used in
many coal districts for various pitrposes of pottery.
Bands of ironstone (impure argillaceous carbonate of
iron) are very abundant in certain coal districts, but ore
almost absent in others. The Scotch coal-fields near
Olasgow, the South Welsh, Yorkshire, and some others,
are rich in ironstone, which is the chief source of the vast
quantities of iron manufactured in this kingdom.
• " Statiatica of Coal," l>y R. C Taylor (Lonaon, J. Chapratn, I860),
f *■ Elementary Cour«i> of UeoloHy" ( iAodon. 1M8).
18S
Clam 1.— MININO AND MIXRRAL PIIODIKTS.
fllKlTKD
Tam.1 ofthii IViuol|MlC(Ml-Fi»ld« uf the Britiah UlMida.
!
1 1'*
ir'
Ralimated
t
Jl*
Workable
III
Araain Aem.
i
ill
1. NorthunilNirUniUnilDui-
ham DUtrlct:—
N«w«ull« (VMlKlrlil
600,000
1*
10
7
,
•, Cumlwrlaiiil ami Weat-
■Boralinil, and Weit Hiding
orVorkihlra:-
Whltehavrn •nd Akertun
•O.IWO
7
,
8
8,000
Appleliy (thrm hulni 1 •
HeWnhun (LumlwUuid)
1T,UU0
•
,
,
,
1
8
8
^
Kirkby LonwUle .
a. lMind)in,KllnUliii«,*nd
«,itoo
4
17
9
^
North HuironUhlra:-
Unruhln Una Field .
SM.CK)
75
150
10
a.ooo
Plinlihira ....
IVOilhK)
5
89
9
Duo
I'ollery, North MUlTanl
40,I)UU
1)4
SM
10
,
•hire.
VhmUt ....
10,000
,
^
^
4. Yorluhira, Nottlnnhun-
■hire, Iletbyihira, Ice:
KreatYorVihlra Coal- Field
«SO,000
11
88
10
^
Hhlrley Moor . . .
ft. Hhnipihlre and Wufceater-
\ 1,500
.
.
.
,
ahira:—
Ooalbrook Ilale, Shrop-
11,000
17
40
,
,
ahir*.
Hhrewabory . . .
IS, 000
8
,
,
Drown Clee-hlll . .
1 ,.100
8
,
,
Tllterttone.Clee hill
Llekey Hill, Worceater-
ft, 004
^
^
^
6ft0
,
,
,
ahlri.
Bmvdley ....
45,000
.
a
,
,
S. South Htaflofdihire:—
Dudley and Wolverhamp-
115,000
11
(7
40
1,000
ton.
7. iVarwIckahIre and I^lcn-
tanlilra:—
Nuneaton ....
40,000
9
SO
I&
,
Aahliyile-U-Zoiich . .
40,000
6
88
81
a
. rtoniprw4iilili-f< pnd Gtou-
ceatenhiie:—
Bristol
130,000
fto
90
,
,
Fon^ of Dean . . .
86,000
17
37
•
,
Np" ent, Glnuceaterahlre .
S. Siiitli WpUh CoalField .
1,500
4
16
7
,
600,000
30
luo
9
19,000
ll». fcottUh (Vwl-Flelila:—
Clyde Valley . . .
Lanukihirs . .
Houth of Scotland, aeveral
1,000,000
84
800
13
8,000
amall ansa.
Mld-U>thian . . .
,
>4
94
,
4,400
tJaat Lothian . . .
,
«0
180
13
6,000
Kilmarnock . . .
Ayrahire ....
} ;
8
40
80
.
Fifrahire ....
,
,
81
,
DumfHea Coal Region .
45*,000
10
55
6
,
II. Irish Coal-Field*:-
UUter
600,000
9
40
e
,
Connaiight ....
1)00,000
•
,
,
,
I«initer, Kilkenny .
150,000
S
83
.
,
Munster (aeveral) . •
1,000,000
•
•
•
•
The principal coal areaa of Europe, apart from those of
the Britiah islanilii, are those of Belgium, France, Sjmin
(in the Agturiat)), Germany (on the Ruhr and Soure),
Bohemia, Silesia, and Russia (on the Donetz). Of these
the Belgian are the most important, and occupy two
districts, that of Liige and that of Hainault, the former
containing 100,000, and the latter 200,000 acres. In
each the number of coal-seams is very considerable, but
the beds are thin, and so much disturbed as to require
special modes of working. The quality of the coal is
ver<r various, including one peculiar kind, the Flenu
cwJ, unlike any found in Great Britain, except at Swan-
sea. It bums rapidly with much flame and smoke, not
giving out an intense heat, and havi.ng a somewliat
disagreeable smell. There are nearly flft/ seams of this
ooal in the Mons district. No iron ha.^ been found
with the coal of Belgium.
The most important coal-fields of France are those of
the basin of the Loire, and of these, St. Etienne m the
best known and largest, comprising about 50,000 acres.
In this Imsin ara IH ImmIh -if bituinlnoim ooal, and !n the
imtiiudlate neiKhbciiirhtHKl n'vuml ainallur IhwIiw, ooii-
titinlng antlinuiite. Uthor vai'iable looulitius lU'u in
AlsHoe, several in Burgundy, niiioh worked l)y very du«i>
pita, and of oonalderalile extent; some in Aiivvrgliu, with
uoul of vanoiia (lualitiea; mimu in Ijiuigiiedoo anil i*r<).
vuuoe, with good coal; iithum at Arvuyron; othura at
Limiwin; luid some in Normandy. Besides these are
miuiy otiiera of aiuallur diinenHioiia and less extent, wIiuhu
nMiiuroea have not yet Iweii develi>|>ed. The total lu-uu
of coal in France Iioh not been osuertained, l>ut is pro-
bably not less tlian 2,000 a<|uaro miles, The annual
prothiotion is now at leiMt 4,0(io,ooo tona.
There are four ciNkl diNtricta in Germany, of the car-
boniferous period, besides several dintricts where nioru
miHluni lignittm occur. The principul localities for true
coal are neitr the banks of the Uliiiiu, in Westphalia; on
the Saumi, a tributary of the Mosolle; in Ikihefia; and
in Silesia, The total annual production exceeds 2,750,000
tons.
Uf these various localities, Silesia contains very valuik-
ble and extensive deposits of ooal, which are ns yet liut
little worked. The quality is chiefly l)itumiuous, tliti
beds few in number, but very thick, amounting in some
cases to 20 feet. Some anthracite is foiuid. |]<ihemla is
even more richly provided than Silesia, the coal meitsurus
covering a considerable area and occupying several bnsins.
More tlun 4o seains of coal ore worked, and several of
these are from four to six feet thick.
The bnsin of the Soare, a tributary of the Moselle, near
the frontier of France, a9i>rdH a very iniportant and
extensive coal-fleld, which has been a good deal worke«l,
and is ca]>al>le of great improvement. No less than I O'i
beds are descrilied, the thickness varying from 18 inches
to 15 feet. It is estimated that, at the present rate of
extraction, the basin contains a supplv for 00,000 years.
On the banks of the Ruhr, a small tributary to the
Rhine, entering that river near Dusseldorf, there is
another small coal-fleld, estimated to yield annually
nearly 1,000,000 toUH. The whole annual supply from
Prussia and the German States of the Zollverein, or
Customs' Union, is considered to exceed 2,750 000 tons.
Himgary and other countries in the east of Europe
contain true coal-measures of the coi-boniferous ])eriod;
but the resources of these districts ore not at present de-
veloped. On tue banks of the Donetz, in Russia, coal
is worked to some extent, and is of excellent quality,
but it belongs to the older part of the carboniferous
period.
Spain contains a large quantity of coal, both bitumi-
nous and anthmcitic. The richest beds are in the Astu-
rios, and the measures are so much broken and altered
in position as to be worked by almost vertical shafts
through the beds themselves. In one spot upwanls of
1 1 distinct seams have been worked, the thickest of which
is nearly 14 feet thick. The exact area is not known,
but it has been estimated by a French engineer that
about 12,000,000 of tons might bo readily extracted
from one property, without touching the portion existing
at great depths. In several parts of the province the
ooal is now worked, and the measures seem to rei«emble
those of the cool districts generally. The whole coal
area is said to be the largest in Europe, presentuig
upwards of 100 workable seams, varying from 3 to 12
feet in thickness.
There are in North America four principal coal-areas,
compared with which the richest deposits of other coun-
tries are comparatively insignificant. These are the great
centnd coal-fields of the Alleghanies; the coal-field of
Illinois, and the basin of the Ohio; that of the basin of
the Missouri; and those of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick,
and Cape Breton. Besides, there are many smaller coal-
areita which, in other countries, might well take rank us
of vast national importance; and which, even in North
America, will one day contribute greatly to the riches of
various States.
The Alleghany, or Appalachian coal-field, meitsures 750
miles in length, with a mean breadth of 85 miles, and
traverses eight of the principal states in the American
rifNiTiij
KmnDOH.]
Clam l.-MTNINO AND MIKKRAL PRUDUCT8.
1R8
(Tnlon. It* whnin arm in mtliiintiMl at not Imw than
tj,'i,iHMi Kjiinra iiiilen, or ii|iwiir(lii of 40,(km),0()() nf itunm.
The oiHil In hltuiiilnoiM, uiul umoiI for ifiui. In Kontucky,
tintli bituinlnoiM itml cnnnul-uoitl uru workeil in iiuiini*
ithoiit three nr four feet thick, the cann»l lielnx Nonietinifla
niwociAtetl with the liituniiiioiM voul m n |Hirtion of tl>e
Niinie Reaiu; ami there are, in luldltioii, valialile bunila of
ln)n ore. In Weetum Virginia there are several ooal-
Huani* of variable tliinknem, one, ii'no ami a lialf feet;
two other*, of Hvo, ami othunt, of three or four feet
On the whole, there HuetiiK to be at luiutt forty feut of coal
(liMtribiiteil in thirtuun Heanm. In the Ulilo illHtrict, the
whole ooal-fluld aflonU, on an average, at luiwt nIx feut n'
coal. The Maryland diMbrict in leMM extensive, but in re-
markable M containing the best and inoitt uHttful coal,
whicli ii worked now to Homo extent at FroHtburg,
There appeant to be about IK) feet of good ooal in four
HoiimN, ueHideH many uthurH of lum importaiu-'o. The
iliiality in intermediate, between bltuminouH and anthra-
citio, and it i« conHidered well adapted to iron uutklng.
I.aiitly, in I'onnHylvania, there are generally from two to
five workable beds, yiuhiing, on an average, about
fuet <if workable ooal, and amongat them i« one Ijed truci,-
able for no lew* than iM milen, coUHiHting of bitinninouN
coal, ita thickuoKH being from twelve to fourtoen feet <m
the 80uth-eu«tem bonier, but gnulually diminiMhing to
five or hIx feet. UeHidea the bit'iminoua coal, there are,
in PenuHylvania, the largest anthnu:itio depiMits in the
HtateR, occupying iw much m 250,000 acres, and divided
into three principal dlstricta.
The Illinoia coal-field in the plain of the Mississippi is
only second in im|)ortancn to the vast area already de-
scriWl. There are four prinoipa' ^'ivisions traceable, of
which the first, or In'^iaua distnit, contains sevenil seams
of bituminous coal, dic*.rihi'.tcd over an area of nearly
8,000 square miles. It is of excellent quality for many
}mri)OHes; one kind burning with much li^ht, and very
reely, approaching oaunol-coal in some of its j)ropertie.'i ;
other kinds consist of caking, or splint coal. In luldition
to the Indiana coal-field, there apjwars to be as intioh as
48,000 square miles of coal-area in the other diviHiuns of
the Illinois <liHtriot, although those are less known, luid
not at present much worked. :tO,oOO square miles are in
the state of IllinoiH, which supplies coal of excellent
quality, and with great facility. The coal is geueiiiUy
bituminous.
The third great coal-area of the United States is that
of the Missouri, which i .> little known at present, although
certainly of great importance.
Britisn America contains coal in the provinces of New
Brunswick and Nova Scotia. The former presents three
coal-fields, occupying in all, no less than ,'>,:iOO square
miles; but the latter is far larger, and enhiliits several
very distinct localities where coal abounds. The New
Brunswick coal-uieasuros include not only shales and sand-
stones, 08 is usual with such deposits, but bands of lignite,
impregnated with vitreous copper ore, and coated by green
carbonate of copper. The coal is generally in thin seams,
lying horizontally. It is chiefly, or entirely bit-iniinous.
In Nova Scotia there are three coal regio'iii, of which
the Northom presents a total thickness of no less than
14,570 feet of lueosuies, having 7B seams, whose itggregate
magnitude is only 44 feet, the tliickest beds being lesf; than
four feet. The Pictou, or central district, has a thickness
of 7,590 feet of strata, but the ooal is far more abundant,
one seam measuring nearly 30 feet; and port of the coal
being of excellent quality, and adapted for steam pur-
I)oseB. The southern area is of less importance. Besides
the Nova Scotia coal-fields, there ore three others at Cape
Breton, yielding different kinds of coal, of which one— the
Sydney coal — is admirably adapted for domestic purposes.
There are here 14 seams above three feet thick, one being
11, and one 9 feet.
Coal, existing generally in beds of moderate thickness,
inclined at a small angle to the horizon, and often at very
considerable depth beneath the surface, is extracted most
commonly by the aid of pits or shafts sunk to the bod,
and galleries (levels or dnifts) cut horizontally, or in the
plane of thj hed to a certain distance. By a niimlMir of
such galleriea, out at right angles to each other, the whole
InmI, within certain limits, Is ui>iiipletely laid o|)en, the
overlyi'.ig Iwds being supported by the miuutes of coal
(pillik)* or columns) left untouched Iwt ween the galleries.
In this way about one-third of the ciNtl can In) extructml,
and ufterwartU, on the supporting columns being also re-
moved, the riMif falls in, ami the work is reganled m
finished. This mnthiKl is ualled tmihnieally " the pillar
and sttdl method," and is adopted in the Newcastle utstl-
field. In Yorkshire, and elsewhere, instead of surh
columns being left, the coal is removed entirely, and at
once, without columns; the roof falling behind the work
as It lulvances. This is the long-wall method. Other
modes are ocuiMionally followed wiieii the condition of the
coal re<|uiriis it.
Owing tn the gaseous substances contained in ciniI, and
giv'jii off not only on exposure to heat, but also tu .i cer-
tain extent by pressure, many kinds of coal ouimot safely
be left during the process of extnu:tiiin, without some
defence from the open lights reoulred by the miner in the
mechanical oiHtrotions of removing the coal froui its bed,
and conveyiiii ' t to the pit bottom. An explimivu gaseous
comiiouiul is jadily produceil by the admixture of the
gases given off Viy the coal, with common air, made to cir-
culate tluough the workings, and, if neglected, this com-
pound iu>cumulates and travelH on till it meets with flame,
and then explmles, causing frightful <lestniotion not only
to the proiiertv of the mine-owner, but also to the life of
the minor. Many contrivances have been suggested frimi
time to time; on the one luind, to improve the ventila-
tion of the mines, and on the other, providing mtiaiis of
illumination which would render ikcoidents from explosion
less probable, by removing the immediate cause. Kx-
amples of both will be found amongst the models and
itiHtniinents exhibited in this class, und to these the
reader is refeiTed. It is not likely that any contrivances
can render absolutely safe an employment which of
uecesnity involves so many ami such serious risks as are
connected with coal-mining; but muc}i may, ho doubt, be
dono to diminish the danger both from imperfect ventila-
tion and oiwn light.
In concluding this notice of mineiid fuel, it may be
worth while to draw attuntinn to the vast and uverwhelin-
ing importance of the subject, by a reference both to the
aliiolute and relative value of the material, especially in
the Ui itish Islands. It may be stilted im probably within
the true limit, if we take the annual produce of the
Pritish conl-mines at .'15,000,000 tons, the value of
which is not less than l8,0ii0,0(H)/. sterling, estimated at
r 1 plivce of consumption, and therefore including, to
a certain amount of transport cost, necessary to render
available, the raw material. At the pit mouth the vali;;e
of the coal is ))robably about half this, or 9,(tOO,00()/.
sterling, and the capital employed in the coal trade is es-
timated at 10,000,000/. The average annual value of
all the gold and silver produced throughout the world
has been estimated to have amounted, in 1847, to neiu-ly
thirteen millions and three quarters sterling. We have
therefora the following summary, which will not be
without interest ; —
Value of the coal annually raised in £.
Great Britain, estimated at the pit
mouth 9,000,000
Mean annual value at the place of
consumption 18,000,000
Capital engaged in the ooal trade . 10,000,000
Mean annual value of the pi'ecioua
metal.t obtained from North and
South America and Russia . . 5,000,000
Total value of precious metals raisr-l
throughout the world in 1847 . 13,710,000
Moan annual value at the furnace, of
iron produced from British coal . 8,000,000
(See the adjoining map for the relative positions of the
coal-fields of Euro|)e, and of the United States, and
British North America.)
I
^^^^^
^^^^^
^F^
^^m
CHEMICAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS.
INTRODUCTION.
The results of the science directly illustrated by this Class will probably be more generally appreciated than
the means by which such results are attained. But these are not to he sought among the chemical and pliar-
maceutical [iroducts, any more than are the beautiful mechanisms of other Classes to be found in association with
the raw mineral which supplied the material for their formation.
This Class is principally contained in the South Gallekt, and is most conveniently reached by ascending
the stair near the south entrance at the transept. The objects in the Class are immediately encountered on
gaining the Gallery. The Class is divisible into the following heads : — A. Chemical substances used in manu-
facture. B. Rarer chemical substances for the scientific chemist ; and C. Chemical substances used in medicine.
The objects in this Class do not admit of more than a general grouping, into the chemicals of the chemical
factories, and the more delicate and refine<l compounds produced in the laboratory. The former of these, inclu-
sive of large sfiecimens of alum, protosulphate of iron ^copperas), and soda are interesting as representing
a department of Britbh commerce which has grown into importance within a very recent period. The manu-
facture, especially of caustic and carbonate of soda on the great scale, has originated and developed itself in a
degree almost unparalleled in the history of commerce within twenty or thirty years of the present time. The
fires of the kelp burners on the shores of the islands of Scotland are scarcely now extinct, when vast factories,
employing large numbers of individuals appear to produce in enormous quantities the same alkali, which was
until recently scantily derived from the nised ashes of marine plants. The manufacture of this alkali, by an
inp;enious decomposition of common salt by the simple aid of sulphuric acid, chalk, sawdust, and coal, is now
prosecuted to a vast extent for the supply of the industrial arts generally, the quantity used in medicine and
pharmacy being comparatively insignificant. At some alkali works fifty and sixty tons and upwards of common
salt are decomix>sed every week, and converted into caustic or carbonate of soda. The alum factories arc
not less extensive. At those establishments crystallizations on a scale emulating those of nature are constantly
in pro!j;res8. Some very large si)ecimeus of these crystals, and of those of other chemical compounds are
placed in the Central Avenue, some of the masses being 8 feet in height. The manufacture of sulphuric
acid, and of the compounds used by the dyer and calico-printer, also occupies a prominent feature of commercial
enterprise. The prussiates of jotash forming large masses of yellow and red crystals, and the green, but jierish-
able crystals of copperas, arc illustrations of substances largely used in the arts, and the colours and dyes pro-
duc<>d by their assistance, present themselves in every direction, when the classes relating to textile printed
fabrics are examined.
Th» chemical works of this country are principally situated at Liverpool, at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, and at
Glasgow. The area of ground occupied by some of them equals that covered by the Exhibition Building, and in
the various departments as many as five or six steam-engines are employed. The chimneys of these works are
in one or two mstances 500 feet in height, and the workmen employed form a little population resident in the
immediate vicinity of the works.
Tlie application of scientific chemistry to the purposes of medicine is scarcely less recent than the commercial
development of chemical manufacture. Medicinal sulwtances apjieared for a period to have been overlooked by
the chemist, and little attention was given to their preparation. This cannot now be said. The specimens of
vegeto-alkaloids, the minerals used in pharmacy and of their compounds — of beautiful crystalline forms,
indicate the progress made in the application of pliilosophic chemistry to the production of pharmaceutical pre-
parations. A variety of comjiounds obtained by delicate chemical reactions, and from substances requiring
great care ilness in manipulation, are also included in this Class.
The whole Class, though not an extens!vo one, represents the growing att ntion of men of eminence to
chemistry as a manufacture ; and of men of science to the application of chemical philosophy to the iirocesses
carried on on the smaller scale in the laboratory. The same facilities wliich exist in this country for the pro-
secution of other departments of commercial and industrial enterprise have carried chemical manufactures to
their present im|X)rtant and commanding position. I'he direct dependence of many of the arts upon the
existence of and the accuracy of production in these chemical works cannot now be questioned.— It. £.
CuiBB 2.— CHEMICAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS.
South Galleby.
18ff
1 PoMTiFEX & Wood, Shoe Lane, Fleet Street —
ManuJBMiturerB,
A aeries of chemical and metallurgic products, illus-
trating the different processes employed for the reduction
of lead from its ores, and its subsequent conversion into
white lead.
Specimens of various colours and pigments, employed
by artists and paper-stainers; crystals of tartaric and citric
acid, sulphate of copper, Ao,
Melincbtthan Crkmicai. Companv, Neath, Watea —
Manufacttirer.
Sugar of lead, or acetate of lead.
3 Button, Charles, 146 Holbom Bars—
Manufacturer.
Chemical products: — Acids — boracic, chromic, carba-
zotic, gallic, pyrogallio, metagallio, phosphoric and glacial
anhydrous, and lu-ic.
Alum — pure ammonia — chrome — potash — and soda
alums.
Ammonia nitrate, benzoate, and oxalate; and bin-
ozalate (impure), remarkable for the size of the crystals.
Arsenic iodide; barium chloride — oxide, and oxide
hydrate; barytes nitrate; bismuth chromate and nitrate;
cadmium chromate; calcium phosphuret; cerium oxide
and oxalate; cobalt acetate, nitrate, phosphate, and
chloride; copper protoxide and suboxide; glucina iron
sulphuret; lead nitrate, pure; lead chromate, fused;
manganese sulphate; mercury nitrate, bichromate, and
bicyanide; nickel sulphate; phosphate of soda and ammo-
nia ; potash, pure ; potash chromate, silicate, and bin-
arseniate; potassium iodide, bromide, and fluoride ; silver
nitrate; soda, pure; soda, nitrate; strontia nitrate; tin
bisulphuret ; tungstic acid; tungstate of soda; bitung-
state of ammonia; uranium nitrate and oxide; zinc chloride
and sulphate, pure; phosphorus; iodine, pure; and
bromine, pure.
3a Re4DE, Rev. J. B., F.R.S., Stone Vicarage, Aylesbury
— Inventor and Patentee.
Cyaniodide of iron, or soluble Prussian blue, and
iodide of potassium free from alkaline reaction.
These products, the first of them being a new com-
poimd, are obtained by adding iodide of iron, with iodine
in excess, to yellow prussiate of potash, the quantities
being in proportion to the equivalents of the final pro-
ducts. Ftussian blue remains on the filter, and is per-
fectly soluble when washed and dried ; and pure iodide
of potassium, as a residuary product, is obtained by
evaporating the colourless filtered liquor, fusing and
crystallizing.
Equivalmt of Cyaniodide of Iron,
Iron 7 . . 196 .
Cyanogen . . . . 9 . . 234 .
Potassium . . . 2 . . 80 .
Iodine 1 . . 126 .
Cyaniodide of iron
636
Hence, if we take prussiate of potash . .
Iodine in excess to be dissolved in iron .
0
30-8
36-8
12-6
198
100-0
nmiiu,
145-0
154-0
37-2
336-2
We have, on the whole, the following elements and final
products: —
Elementi.
Produet>, vii , FriinUD
Blue, from
Iodide of
Patiaium tmm
Iron ... 50
Cyanogen . 61
Potassium . 62
Iodine. . . 163-2
50
61
20-4
32-2
• •
• •
41-6
131-0
336-2
163-6
172-6
Thus the iron and cyanogen, with a portion of the pot-
assium and iodine, form Prussian blue of an intense
colour, and perfectly soluble; and the remainder of the
potassium and iodine form iodide of potassium, which,
imlike the purest that can be purchased, has no alkaline
reaction, when dissolved, on turmeric paper.
The properties of this new Prussian blue make it valu-
able as a writing fluid and a dye; and the pure iodide of
potassium, produced by this new process, is found to
possess advantages in the preparation of calotype paper.
In the precedmg exp>eriment water is not decomposed,
and there is no formation of hydriodic acid; but iodine
appears to play the part of oxygen, and imparts to the
Ihrussian blue the same rich tone that is obtuned from a
per-salt of iron. Without excess of iodine, the preci-
pitate is nearly white, but rapidly absorbs oxygen from
the atmosphere, and is soluble.
4 Buckley, J., the Trustees of the late, Manchester^—
Manufacturers.
Crystal of copperas, or sulphate of iron.
[This substance is in reality an impure sulphate of iron.
The copperas of commerce is obtained by exposing heaps
of bisulphuret of iron, or iron pyrites, to moisture and
air for a considerable period. The elementary con-
stituents of the iron pyrites, sulphur and iron, are oxi-
dized, and a sulphate of the protoxide of iron is obtained,
which is washed out and crystallized. It is largely used
in the arts for dyeing, ink-making, and also in chemistry
and medicine. — ^R. E.]
5 Evans, F. J. — Manufacturer.
Naphthaline, from coal.
6 Wilson, John, Olaagow — Manufacturer.
Alum slate, raw, in the condition of bisulphuret of
iron and alumina; found resting on the top of the coal in
the mines. Three other specimens of the same slate,
showing the progressive stages of decomposition.
Sample of the same slate calcined.
Tub of alum in the last stage of manufacture.
Crystals of alum. Large specimen of the same.
Bisulphuret of iron (iron pyrites).
Iron pyrites decomposed.
Sulphate of iron (copperas) obtained from the same ore.
Sulphate of ammonia obtained from ammoniacal water,
one of the products of the distillation of coal.
Naphthaline, obtained from naphtha; rare, in conse-
quence of its size and purity.
A group of the crystals of sulphate of iron is exhibited
in the engraving, page 186.
7 Spence, Peteb, Pendleton Alum Works, Manchester —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Iron pyrites. — Bisulphuret of iron, obtained in nodules
interspersed in coal ; its most general use is to furnish
copperas or sulphate of iron by spontaneous decompo-
sition, when spread on the ground, on what are technically
called copperas beds.
Refuse pyrites, after being burned for the manufacture
of sulphuric acid ; used for the patent manufacture of
copperas, by digesting it with sulphuric acid diluted.
Copperas crystals.
Sulphate of protoxide of iron, manufactured by patent
process,
188
CI.A88 2.— CHEMICAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS. [United
South Uallkuv.
CryaUU of Sulpliate of Iron.
The fonuB of the crystals of sulphate of iron are repre-
sented in the above cuts.
Schale, or schist, found overlying and underlying all
the coal veins, and brought up in immense quantities in
nearly all the coal workings, and also in the ironstone
mining, the nodules of iror. stone being imbedded in the
shale. By a patent process, its own weight of alum cwj
be producetl, by acting on it with sulphuric acid, Ac, one
ton of shale, of average quality, yielding one ton of alum.
Shale, calcined for the manufacture of alum.
Shale in the process or manufacture of alum.
Alum of the first and second ci-ystallization.
Alum finished for the market.
Patent zinc cement, or hydraulic mortar.
Specimens of the waste materials from which the
cement is manufactured.
Bust composed of the cement.
The cement laid on to wall. Manufactured entirely
from refuse matters.
The refuse shale, after the patent alum process, affords
the silica and alumina ; the refuse lime, after purifying
gas for illtmiination, affords the calcareous ingredient; and
the metallic constituent, zinc, is obtained as sulphate
of zinc from the refuse of Wicklow pyrites, after its
use in the manufacture of sulphuric acid. Tlie cement
is hydraulic ; the affinity of oxide of zinc for oxygen
prevents the oxidization of any iron, and its deleterious
effect on vegetation prevents the growth of moss on it
surface.
[Iron pyrites may be made to yield at least two valu-
able chemic-^l products, sulpluu-, and sulphate of iron, or
copperas. The first is obtained by heat, sulphate of iron
by simply exposing the iron pyrites, which is a bisulphuret
of iron, to the weather. The mass absorbs oxygen from the
air, a sulphate of iron is formed, and is washed out and
crystallized. The shale or schist employed in the alum
manufacture is a slaty clay found both overlying and
underlying (oal strata, and containing much pyrites. —
R. E.]
7a
Tennants, Clow, & Co., Manchester —
Manufacturers.
Sulphate of copper. Sulpliate of zinc. Muriate of tin
in crystals. Bichloride of tin. Nitrate of lead. Bichro-
mate of potash. Prussiati. (f potash. Priissiate (red).
Chlorate of potash, Uarancine. Stannate of soda. Bi-
sulphate of potash. Soda-ash. Sal-ammoniac; and pink
salt.
[The compounds here exhibited furnish a remarkable
illustration of the extensive applications of chemistry to
modern arts and manufactures. The series exhibited
7b
[ IGNITED
Kingdom.] Clasb 2.— CHEMICAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS.
South Oai.lrry.
187
contains many compounds unknown to commerce a few
years ago. They are all employed in various processes of
either dyeing or calico-printing. — R. E.]
7b
YoHNO, J., Ardwick Bridge, Manchester —
Inventor.
Mineral oil. Parafflne. Stannates, with models of
apparatus
[This mineral oil occurs as a natural spring in a coal-pit
at Riddings, near Alfreton. It is used largely for ma-
chinery, the parafflne being very anti-frictioual. Parafflne
is one of the most remarkable of products, and has
received its name from its not having chemical afflnity
for any substance whatever. It is a result of the distil-
lation of tar-oils. — R. E.]
7c Bbown & Co. — Manufacturers.
Miuiate of ammonia. Sulphate of ammonia.
7d Dick, David, & C!o., Biu-gh C/temioal Works,
Carlisle — Manufacturera.
Copperas manufactured by Spence's patent process.
8 Dentith, W., & Co., Manchester — ^Manufacturers.
Ornaments of bichromate of potash, and of nitrate of
lead.
Chromate of potash, prussiate of potash, and Whitby
alum, used by calico-printers aud dyers.
Green oxide of chromium, and oxide of zinc, used by
china and earthenware manufacturers.
[By taking advantage of the elegant forms which
various chemical substances assume on crystallizing, and
inserting baskets of wire, or similar articles, into a crys-
tallizable solution, the form of the article is preserved,
but the character is altered by the development of exquisite
crystals, whieh give the objects a peculiar and remarkable
appearance. — R. EL]
9 Kurtz & Schmersari,, Comhrook Works,
Manchester — Manufacturers.
New colouring matters, and preparations for printing
and dyeing in cotton, linen, silk, and wool.
Specimens of printing and dyeing by means of the pre-
parations.
Ultramarine, in different qualities.
[Lapis lazuli is usually found in granite and crystalline
limestone. The finely-coloured varieties ai-e employed
for vases, in mosaics and furniture, and are much prized.
The pigment ultramarine is prepared from the mineral,
by slightly igniting it, shaking the mass in water, (md
after reducing it to fine powder, mixing it with a resinous
paste. This paste is then kneaded in cold water, which
washes out the ultramarine, the impurities being retained
by the paste. From the costliness of ultramaiine its use
was formerly confined to the artist; since, however, the
discovery by M. Qnimet (guided by the analysis of the
pigment by MM. Clement and Desormes) of a method of
prejmring it artificially, its price has become gradually so
much reduced as to admit of its very general employ-
ment in tlie arts. For, although M. Orumet kept his
process a secret, M. Qmelin aud other chemists have
published prescriptions for its production, and its manu-
facture has been of late years much extended, particu-
larly in Germany, though only very recently introduced
into England. Ultramarine is a very permanent colour
under atmospheric influences, but is decolorized by the
presence of acids with liberation of hydro-sulphuric acid;
hence, in its employment, the presence of acids should
be avoided. Artificial ultramaiine may be prepared, ac-
cording to C. Gmelin, by rapidly igniting a mixture
of equal parts of silica, carbonate of ^ i, and sulphur,
first adding a sufficient quantity of a solution of soda to
dissolve the silica. The result is a bluish-green mass,
which, by ignition 'n contact with air, becomes blue.
Ultramarine consists essentially of silica, "lumina, soda,
and sulphur; a small quantity of iron appears to be bene-
ficial, but an excess impairs the beauty of the colour. —
W. D. L. R.]
10 Hatmel & Ellis, 9 S\igar Lane, Manchester —
Manufacturers.
Copper and its compoimds — Copper ore from the
Bun-a-Burra mine, Australia; sheet, oxide, and sulphate
of copper.
Lead and its compounds — Lead ore; protoxide of lead;
nitrate of lead.
Tin and its compounds — Tin ore from Cornwall ; tin
granulated; tin salts, or protochlorideof tin; sulphate cf
soda, or salt cake.
Sulphur — Rough sulphur from Sicily ; roll, flowers,
crystallized, lac, and black sulphur.
Archill — Orchella weed from Angola; red archill; blue
archill; cudbear.
Ammonia— Muriate and sulphate of ammonia.
[Copper, lead, and tin furnish highly important com-
pounds for the use of the dyer and calico-printer. Sul-
phate of copper, or blue vitriol, nitrate and acetate of
lead, and protochloride of tin are the compounds most
largely in use for these purposes, and are consumed in
quantities altogether enormotis in the Lancashire print-
works.— R. E.]
1 1 Howards & Kent, Stratford, Essex —
Manufacturers.
Barks yielding quinine and cinchonine, viz. 1, various
descriptions of calisaya bark (Cinchona calisnya). 2, Cara-
baya bark (Cinchona ovuta). 3, Cusco bark (Cinchona
pubescens), 4, Carthagena bark (Cinchona cordifulia). 5 — 8,
Specimens of red, crown, grey, and loxa barks. 9, Vari-
ous descriptions of barks used for adulteration. 10, Cin-
chona Australia. 11, Cascarilla macrocarpa. 12, Casca-
rillacorua. 13, Cascarilla magnifolia. 14, Buena hexan-
dra. 15, Exostema Peruviana or tacumez bark. IC,
Laplacea quinoderma.
Salts of quinine and cinchonine: — Disulphate, sulphate,
citrate, hydrochlorate, phosphate, and tartrate.
Nectaruira Kodiaii, or green-heart bark, and its alkaloid
bebeerine.
[The tree from which the green-heart bark is obtained
belongs to the natural order Lauraccai, a family of plants
yielding many powerful and valued medicinal agents.
Nectandra Rodicei has been shown by Dr. Maclagan to con-
tain an important alkaloid, called from the native name
of the tree (Bcbecru) Bebeerine, or Biberitw. Its effects are
comparable to those of quinine. Th« tree flourishes in
Demerara, and its wood is extremely hard. — R. E.]
Refined camphor, with different kinds of rough cam-
phor, &c. : — 1, Japan or Dutch camphor. 2, China or
Formosa camphor. 3, Borneo or native camplior. 4,
Refined camphor. 5, Camphor in the glass in which it
was sublimed.
[The tree which yields camphor is Laurus camphora,
Japan camphor is considered the best, and is imported
in tubs into the United Kingdom, but not in large
quantities. Crude camphor from China is principally
obtained from the island of Formosa, whence its com-
mercial designation. Crude camphor is obtained from
the trees yielding it by chopping up the branches and
boiling them in water, when the camphor is separated
either by cooling or sublimation. It is refined in this
country by being re-sublimed. — R. E.]
Refined borax, and articles from which it is made: — 1,
Commoi'cirtl boracic acid. 2, Purified boracic acid. 3.
188
ChAU 2.— CHEMICAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL PKODUCTS.
South Gallery.
[Ukited
!
Tinoal, or natural borax. 4, ArtifioUl tinoal. 5, Eaat
India refined borax. 6, Engliah refined bore :. 7, Modi-
flea orystcJs. 8, OotohednQ borax.
[The origin of boracio acid ia extremely interesting.
It* principal souroes are the celebrated lagoons of Tuii-
oany, wliere it is obtained by a singularly simple and
ingenious prooess. It rises with steam from the heated
earth in a region where volcanic tumult is conspi-
cuously manifest, and was formerly avoided by the super-
stitious peasantiy in its vicinity. This steam is condensed
by being passed into basins pcurtly filled with water, the
boracio acid is held in solution, purified, evaporated, and
crystallized. From 10,000 to 12,000 lbs. of this acid are
thus obtained every day. Boracio acid is chiefly employed
as a source of borax.
Borax consists chemically, when pure, of a biborate of
soda. It is, in its impure state, the tincal of commerce,
and is obtained in large quonties from a lake in Thibet, on
the edges of which it crystallizes, and is collected by the
natives. It is also procured from lakes in China and
Persia. The greater part of the borax of commerce ia
obtained from the saturation of boracio acid with soda.
Borax ia greatly used in the arts as a flux, and for
glazing porcelain; also in medicine, and pyroteohny for
making "green fire."— R. £.]
Tartaric acid, with specimens of the argols and tartars
from which it is made: — 1, Argols, various kinds. 2,
Tartars, various kinds. 3, Cryst^lized tartaric acid. 4,
The same, in the first stage, of manufacture. 5, Powdered
tai-taric acid.
Citric acid and the articles from which it is made: — 1,
Concentrated lemon juice. 2, Citrate of lime. 3, Crys-
tallized citric acid. 4, Citric acid, in the first stage of
manufacture.
Antimony and preparations:— I, Antimony. 2, Black
sulphuret of antimony. 3, Oxysulphuret of antimony.
4, Emetic tartar. Tt, Antimonial powder. 6, Kermes
mineral.
Silver and preparations: — 1, Silver. 2, Lunar caustic.
3, Crystallized nitrate of silver.
[yUrate of sUver, commonly called Lxmar catatio, is a
preparation obtained by the solution of metallic silver in
nitric acid. Chemical union takes place, and the solution
being evaporated and crystallized, a solid nitrate is ob-
tained. This is, for medical purposes, fused and run into
moulds. This compound of silver, in a pure state, is of
special value as a re-agent to the chemist; it is also
extremely useful in the hands of the physician and surgeon.
Very pure crystallized nitrate of silver is employed
for the production of photographic pictures on paper,
glass, and porcelain. When deposited on these surfaces,
under peculiar circumstances, it is highly sensitive to the
light.— R. E.]
Bismuth and preparations: — 1, Bismuth. 2, Oxide of
bismuth. 3, Pearl white.
Iron and preparations : — 1, Iron. 2, Ammonio chloride
of iron. 3, Tartrate of iron. 4, 0x1," j of iron. 5,
Qreen vitriol. 6, Ammonio citrate of ii on. 7, Ammonio
tartrate of iron. 8, Citrate of iron and quinine.
Mercury and preparations: — 1, Mercury. 2, Oxide of
mercury. 3, Bmoxide of mercury. 4, Red preoipitaie.
5, White precipitate. 6, Crude cd^omel. 7, Crystallized
calomel. 8, Calomel. 9, Hydro-calomel, sublimed under
water. 10, Corrosive sublimate. 11, Sub-sulphate of
mercury.
Magnesia and preparations: — 1, Magnesian shale. 2,
Magnesian limestone. 3, Epsom salts. 4, Carbonate of
magnesia. 5, Calcined magnesia.
[The well-known substance called Epsom Salts is an
important preparation of magnesia. It is, in some in-
stances, procured by an ingenious system of employing the
residual hydrochloric acid of alkali works, which is made
to act upon native magnesian limestone; the lime is dis-
solved out by the acid, and the residual matter, consist-
ing chiefly of magnesia, is dissolved in sulphuric acid,
purifled and crystallized. In other cases it is largely
obtained by simply acting upon magnesian limestone with
diluted sulphuric acid; it is also obtained from the resi-
dual salts of sea- water, fr«m which common salt has been
separated.— R. E.]
Preparations of potassium: — 1, Potashes. 2, Pearl-
ashes. 3, Carbonate of potash. 4, Bicarbonate of pot-
ash. 5, Sulphate of potash. 6, Soluble tartar. 7, Com-
mercial saltpetre. 8, Purified nitre.
[The difierence in the chemical composition of the pi't-
ashes and pearlashes of commerce, is, that the one is
chiefly a caustic form of the alkali, and the other contains
more of the carbonate. Both are alike derived from the
combustion of wood. America is the chief source of this
alkali at present. Her immense primeval forests, upon
which the efibrts of man make but little impression,
present an inexhaustible source of thin valuable alkali.
The wood is piled up in a pyramidal heap, and the ashes
are collected, partly purified, and fused. Pearlash is
prepared from the "black salts," or impure caustic and
carbonated alkali, by fusion in an open funutce. Potash
is largely employed in medicine and the arts. About
100,000 cwt. are annually imported into Great Britain
from America alone. — R. E.]
Preparations of sodium: — 1. Soda ash. 2. Subcarbou-
ate of soda. 3. Subcarbouate of soda, absolutely pure.
4. Sesquicarbonate of soda. 5. Bicarbonate of soda.
6. Rcohelle salt in the first stage of manufacture. 7. Pura
Rochelle salt. 8. Rochelle salt, powdered. 9. Phosphate
of soda. 10. Cubio nitre. 11. Purified nitrate of soda.
12. Glauber salts. 13. Hyposulphate of soda.
[The last-named preparation of soda — hyposulphate of
soda — is a substance of great importance and peculiar
interest to the photographer. It is readily soluble in
water, and the solution dissolves, with great facility, the
compounds of silver. After a Daguerreotype picture has
been taken and developed by mercurial vapour, the coat-
ing of iodide and bromide of silver formed on the surface
of the plate is instantly dissolved by washing it with this
solution. The picture is afterwards dried and gilded.
In the Talbotype, hyposulphate of soda is employed to
remove the sensitive coating of silver, and thus fix the
impressions so as to render them insensible to the further
influence of light.— R. £.]
Zinc and its preparations: — 1, Zinc. 2, Oxide of zino.
3, Acetate of zinc. 4, White vitriol.
Iodine and its preparations: — 1, Seaweed, yielduig
iodine. 2, Kelp. 3, Commercial iodine. 4, Biesublimed
iodine. 5, Hydriodate of potash, 6, Biniodide of mer-
cury.
Opium and its preparations: — 1, Opium. 2, Morphia.
3, Acetate of morphia. 4, Muriate of morphia.
[Morphia is a powerful alkaloid, being the active prin-
ciple of opium. The acetate and muriate are its most
common i)reparationB for pharmaceutical purposes. — R. E.]
12 Bell, Isaac Lowthlan, Washington Chemioal Works,
Neiccastle-upon- Tyne — Manufacturer.
Specimens of Pattinson's patent oxichluride of lead;
also three landscape pictures, painted with colours pre-
parer* from the same.
13 Kino, John, Olasgoa — Manufacturer. (Sole partner
of the Hurlet and Campsie Alum Company.)
Alum, slate, or schist, from the mines of Campsie,
Stirlingshire, in three difierent strata, overlying each
other in the coal measures.
[Ukited
KiNODOH.j CI-A88 2.— CHEMICAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS,
South Qallert.
180
The same ores in process of decomposition, and in a
state of complete decomposition. The msoluble portion
of the decomposed ores mixed with alum schist in its
natural state, after having been subjected to combustion.
Muriate of potash, used in the alum manufacture. Manu-
factured alum, once, twice, and thrice crystallized; or
finished alum. A miniature roaching tun, showing the
mode in which the finished alum is crystallized. Iron
pyrites. Specimens of prussiates of potash.
[At the foot of the Campsie hills there occur two or
three beds of coal of the South Scotch coal-field, and
some beds of alum slate, which decompose on exposure
to the air. The beds have been much disturbed, and
often exhibit intruded masses of trap.
In preparing the alum obtained in an impure state
from the decomposition of the bituminous and pyritous
schist, much careful management is necessary. The
admixture of a certain quantity of muriate of potash in
these processes, renders the whole rather a mineral ma-
nufacture than a simple preparation of raw material. —
D. T. A.]
14: May & Baker, Battersea, Surrey — Manufacturers.
Specimens of nitric acid. Crystals of nitrate of silver.
Trinitrate of bismuth. Rough camphor, as imported.
Refined camphor in refining glass; camphor, prepared for
sale. Precipitated chalk. White precipitate of mercury.
Corrosive sublimate. Crude calomel. Prepared calomel.
Red precipitate of mercury. Turpith mineral. Ponder-
ous magnesia. Acetate of potash; acetate of zinc. Oxide
of zinc. Sulphate of zinc, and chlorate of potash.
{Nitric Acid. — The aqua-fortis of commerce consists of
impure nitric acid. It is obtained from the distillation of
concentrated sulphuric acid mixed with nitrate of potash
or soda. The commercial substance called Chiliikn, or
Peruvian saltpetre, is nitrate of soda, and has largely
been used lately in the preparation of this acid. This
acid is of immense importance in the arts, chemistry, and
medicine. — R. E.]
15 Cook, Thomas Ainslet, Newcastle-upon-Tyne —
Manufacturer.
Crystallized carbonate of soda. Manufactured by the
Walker Alkali Company.
16 Lindsay, O., Sunderland — Manufacturer.
Green vitriol, or copperas of commerce, a proto-sulphate
of iron, extensively used in dyeing silks, woollens, and
cottons, making writing inks, Venetian red, &c. It is
manufactured from iron pyrites, procured from the coal
mines, exposed to air and moisture; the excess of acid
being saturated by digesting the lixivium with iron plates
and turnings.
[By heating proto-sulphate of iron to redness, it is de-
composed, sulphurous and sulphuric acids being evolved,
and sesqui-oxide of iron (Venetian red, colcothar, jewel-
ler's rouge) I'emaining. — W. D. L. R.]
1 7 'MoBFRi.F.v. W.. Mulqrave Alum Works, Landscnd,
Mou/- it'i'iiiuy — i'roaucer iiud Manutuotu^-or.
Raw alum shale, as cut from the cliff, showing em-
bedded nodules of cement stone ; the same after calci-
nation. Alum meal, or alum as first crystallized. Half
a cask of finished alum.
Rough sulphate of magnesia, being the residuum ob-
tained m the manufacture of alum, used for making refi ned
Epsom salts. Refined sulphate of magnesia, or Epsom
salts, purified by a new patent process.
Patent double salt of ammonia and magnesia, for a
manure for top dressing.
Bones dissolved in sulphate of magnesia, for a manure.
[Alum is manufactured at Whitby, by the combustion
of the schists of the upper lias, which contain a certain
quantity of iron pyrites and bituminous, or carbonaceous
matter. The temperature being properly regulated, and
water occasionally supplied, a double decomposition
takes place, producing sulphate of alumina and sulphate
of iron, together with a portion of sulphate of magnesia,
if any magnesia is present in the alum schist. A subse-
quent separation of the ingredients takes place. A
certain quantity of the sulphate or muriate of potash is
added, and the alum is crystallized. Alum is a triple
salt consisting of a hydrated sulphate of alumina and pot-
ash, soda, or ammonia ; but a portion of the alumina
is occasionally replaced by iron. — D. T. A.]
18 Pattinson, William Watson, Gateshead,
Neaoastle-upon- Tyne — Manufacturer.
Large mass of crystallized alum, or sulphate of alumina
and potash. Masses of pure sulphate of alumina, called
in commerce concentrated alum. Specimen of bi-carbo-
nate of soda. — Manufactured at the Felling Chemical
works.
[The alum of English commerce is obtained in large
quantities from manufactories at Whitby, in Yorkshire.
A horizontal bed of fuel, composed of brushwood or of
small coal, is first made, and upon it pieces of aluminous
rock are piled. The fuel being kindled, the whole masa
slowly ignites. More rock is piled upon it, until, in
some instances, a vast heap of inflamed material, 100 feet
high and 200 feet square, is raised, and continues to bum
for months. The aluminous schist being thus disinte-
grated, and its chemical constitution changed, is lixiviated,
the solution evaporated in large cisterns and purified,
and sulphate of potash or ammonia is then added. The
alum thus formed is dissolved, and crystallized by pouring
the solution into casks made with moveable staves, called
" rocheing casks." On removing the staves, an apparently
solid barrel of alum is exposed. This is pierced with
an instrument near the bottom, when the uncrystal-
lized solution runs out. The mass, broken into lumps
and dried, is the alum of commerce. The shipments of
alum from Whitby in 1841 amounted to 3,237 tons.
Alum is employed in medicine, in chemistry, and in the
arts. Its most important use is as a mordant for dyers.—
R. E.]
19 Richardson Brothers & Co., 17 St. Helen's Place,
and 11 East Street, City Road — Manufacturers.
Specimens of refined saltpetre or nitrate of potash,
obtained chiefly from the East Indies, and shipped from
Calcutta. This substance is used in the manufacture of
gunpowder, oil of vitriol, aqua-fortis, and other chemical
products, and also in curing provisions.
[Saltpetre is distinguished as the special natural pro-
duct of the surface soil of warm countries. India, Egypt,
Persia, Spain, and Italy, yield our chief supply. It
is obtained from the soil, on the surface of which it
makes its appearance like hoar, by lixiviation. The solu-
tion is then filtered, evaporated, and crystallized. It is
ijrincipully imported into Dreat Britain from Calcutta and
Madiua. The amount imported from the East Indies and
Ceylon in 1841, was 261,552 cwts. Its uses in chemistry,
medicine, and the arts are familiar. — R. E.]
20 Stevenson, William, Jarrcw Chemical M'brks,
South Shields — Manufacturer.
Crystals of soda converted into bi-corbonate of soda by
exposure to carbonic acid gas.
21 Tulwh, a., Waltham Abbey — Producer.
Saltpetre, charcoal, and sulphur, used in the manufac-
ture of gunpowder at the Royal Gunpowder Mills at Wal-
tham Abbey.
[8.]
[Official Illustrated Catalogue.]
100
Class 2.— CHEMI0\L AND PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS.
South Gallery.
[Uhiiib
I
22 Mason, Cbables, & Sow, 11 Mmuler Street,
Jieyent'i Park — Manufaoturen.
The royal premier blacking, shown on new calf-nkin,
blocked on large model of a foot; polished 12th April
last. The same on old calf leather; polished 29th Nov.,
1850.
The French varnish, shown on ordinary calf leather.
The waterproof varnish, shown on cow-hide shooting
boot and patent leather harness.
23 HiiX8, F. C, Z)M)</ord— Patentee and
Manufacturer.
Nitrate of potash (saltpetre), maAi by the decomposi-
tion of muriate of potash (chloride of {Mtassium) bv
nitrate of soda, a patent process ; the muriate of potash
being obtained from sea-weed or kelp.
Dome of sal ainmouiac, sublimed from rough muriate of
ammonia, made from the ammoniacal liquid produced at
gas works, by the addition of muriatic acid.
Cake of seaqui-carbonate of ammonia, or common
smelling salts, sublimed from rotigh sesqui-carbonate of
ammonu, made by the decomposition of sulphate of
ammonia by carbonate of lime; the ammonia being pro-
duced at gas-works.
[Nitrate of soda has lately assumed high commercial
importance from its value to the chemical manufacturer,
ftnd to the agriculturist as a manure for wheat. It is
found in immense quantities in South Peru, being ob-
tained by liziviation of the saline deposit in the soil, and
is then evaporated and crystallized, dried and packed in
bags, and conveyed to the coast by mules. In 1841, the
imports of this article from Iquique amounted to
173,884 quintals.
The term "kelp" is applied to the fused ashes of
several species of sea-weeds. The plants are collected,
dried, and burnt, and the ashes form a melted mass, con-
sisting of sulphates, carbonates, and chlorides of potash
and soda, together with carbonate and sulphate of lime,
alumina, and silica. — R. E.]
24 Heminowat, a. W., Portman Street— Vvodncer,
Double salts of iron.
25
PONTINO, Thomas Cadbt, 32 Hijh Street, Bristol—
Inventor and Manufactiu«r.
Marking ink and illustrative specimea; for writing and
drawing on linen, silk, and cotton, without preparation.
Shaving cream. Medicinal vegetable fluid extracts, made
with cold water.
26 Clifford, Q., 5 Inner Temple ian«— Producer.
Specimens of deeds, writings, books, maps, engravings,
&c., injured by fire, water, age, dirt, smoke, &c., in a
restored and unrestored state.
The specimens exhibited show an indenture that was
taken fh>m the ruins of the great fire at Lincoln's Inn,
January 14, 1849. The restored half, " without having
been separated from the dirty half," cleansed, and
flexibility imparted to it: haviog become hard, homy,
and brittle, from iihe effects of the fire and water, any
ordinary attempt to open it would have broken it. The
writing on it has susttuned no inj ury by the process. Two
leaves of a book, two leaves of the " Jurist " newspaper,
and portions of parchment taken from the same fire,
which were injurod by fire, water, &c., are exhibited,
with the one-half of each cleansed; also the halves
cleansed of a map and several engravings ii^ured by age,
smoke, mildew, water, and dirt, &c., the whole having
been previously in the dirty state.
27 Bramwell, Thomas, Heworth Chemical Works,
Jfeiccastle-upon- Tyne — Manufacturer.
Crystals of prussiate of potass of commerce.
Ferrooyanide of potassium of chemists, used for dyeing
blue in place of indigo.
[Ferrocijcmide of potassium is one of the most important
chemical products to the dyer and oalioo-printer. It ia
obtained on the large scale by fusing animal matter with
carbonate of potash and iron filings; cyanide, and sub-
sequently ferrocyanide of potassium, are produced. Its
compound, formed on the addition of a salt of iron to
ferrocyanide of potassium, is of the most beautiful blue
coloxir, and is called Prussian blue, — R, £.]
28 Winsor & Newton, 38 SatMiont Place, and
JVorM London Colour Works, Kentisk Tbirn —
Manufacturers.
Artists' pigments, in the raw and manufactured states,
and in the Various forms of preparation, for use in water*
colour and oil painting, and in decorative art ; including
manufactures and preparations of the madder colours,
conhineal, lapis lazuli, uranium, cadmium, chromium,
and all the rarer kinds of chemical pigments.
Sable, badger, hog hair, and other brushes and pencils
employed in drawing and painting.
Preparations of canvas, panels, millboard, appaitttua,
and boxes fitted for the use of artists. Palettes, and va-
rious other implements and materials employed in the
fine and decorative arts.
Oxide of zinc.
[Several of the rarer metals yield oxides, which form
brilliant pigments. Some of these are useful in enamel
painting, in consequence of their not tmdergoiug alteration
by the heat employed in that art. Oxide of zinc has
lately been much employed aa a substitute for white
lead.— R. £.]
29 Fawcett, Benjamin, late of 73 Snow Hill, and
7 Siiiiuier Street, Southwark — Producer.
Plain and ornamental specimens in graining or flatting,
produced by a kind of paint free from noxious efiiuvia,
and adapted for purposes to which white lead may be
applied.
30 Cheshire, John, jun., Northtcich — Manufacturer.
A pyramid of best table salt, with several other speci-
meua of salt. The salt springs in Cheshire are the
greatest in Europe, and their annual production is up«
wards of 800,000 tons of salt.
31
Spencer, John Alexander, 9 Westboume Place,
Hyde Park — Manufacturer.
Case, containing chemical preparations: — Naphthaline
(from coal-tar); sulphate of magnesia (Epsom salts);
bonzoic acid (prepared b^ sublimation); caffeine (pre-
pared from coffee); hydnodate of quinine; samples of
cod-liver oil, 1849-50.
32 Watt, William, Dmchattan Chemical Works,
Olasgow — Manufacturer.
1 . Sea-weed, collected diy on the sea-shore ; which is
burned and converted into
2. Kelp ; which, on lixiviatiou, is crystallized for
3. Sulphate of potash ; and
4. Chloride of potassium ; and
5. Carbonate of soda (crude).
The liquor is then decomposed by sulphuric acid, con-
verting the iodides contained in the liquor into hydra-
iodic acid; which, on oxidation and sublunation,
6. Iodine, is sepai-ated from it.
33 PiccioTTO, Moses Haim, 8 Crosby Square —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Specimens of decolorized and purified gum arable, ob-
tained by a patent chemical process. When dissolved,
it forms a clear mucilage, and may bo used for pharma-
ceutical purposes, for confectionery, for dressing silks,
lace, tulle, printing, &c.
Sample of the original gum arabio from which the
specimeuH were prepared. ..^ ^
[United
Kingdom.] Ci-asb 2.-CHEMTCAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS.
South Gallery.
m
Specimen of ultramarine blue, for the fint time manu-
factured in London by Hochataettei's process.
Pure oryBtallized mannite, prepared in Italy, and used
for medicinal purposes,
[Hannite is obtained from manna, the concrete juice of
a species of ash (Onuts Europaa), by dissolving in hot
alcohol and crystallizing. It is a peculiar variety of
sugar. — R. E.]
34 Bollock, John Lloyd, 22 Conduit Street —
Manufacturer.
A series of chemical products derived from substances
used OS food or medicine.
36 Xatlob, Wiluam, 56 James Street, Oxford Street —
Manufacturer.
Decorative copal varnish, made from Sierra Leone
gum copal. White hard varnish, made of picked gum
sanderacb ; and mastic varnish, made of picked gum mastic.
Si>ecimen8 of deal wood, stained to imitate different
woods, without sizing; calculated to endiue exposure,
'ud admit of polish or va< ' ' Th>.< novelty claimed is
ie production of the Htain ' ' '' .v sizing.
36 NissEN & Parker, 43 Mark Lane — Inventors.
Specimens of tinted paper, chemically prepared in the
pulp, for printing bonk cheques upon. The chemical
preparation renders any extraction of the writing by acids
or alkalis immediately apparent.
37
BuLLOCX, Edward, & Co., Oalvoay, Ireland —
Producers.
Arran kelp, muriate, nitrate, chlorate, and sulphate of
potash.
Sulphate of soda, pure sulphur, commercial iodine,
pure sublimed iodine, iodide of potash, iodide of lead,
biniodide of mercury.
Preparations from sea-weed.
38 Spubgin, T., Saffron WaM«i— Producer.
Root, stem, flower, and stigmata of saffron.
[This plant is said to have been brought to England in
the reign of Edward III. It was first planted at Walden,
in Essex, a town to which it afterwards gave its name as
a prsonomen.]
39 Hawthorne, James, 77 Charrington Street —
Inventor.
A new ink for staining oak and mahogany. Specimen
of a common oak stave, cut in pieces, and stained various
shades of colour. A stained mahogany frame.
'10 Hall, Joslah, Queenbormigh — Producer.
Specimen of copperas, from the works at Queenborough,
in the Isle of Sheppey, with specimens of pyrites and of
copperas in a granulated form. It is used in dyeing and
in the composition of colours, and, in its new and granu-
lated form, may be used for purifying gas. The pyrites
ore found on the shore of the north-east side of the Isle
of Sheppey; about eight tons are produced weekly. The
granulated form is claimed as the peculiar merit of the
2 specimen; it is effected by a refrigerator, and is used for
dry mixing.
River copperas has hitherto been objected to as bein;.'
crystallized in a soft and imperfect manner: the present
specimen is freed from such defects by a strict attention
to the copperas bed,
[Copperas is chemically an impure protosulphate of
iron, and is obtained commercially by the decomposition
of iron pyrites, or bi-sulphuret of iron, by atmospheric
oxygen and water which is poured upon the beds.—
R,E.]
41 UoPKiN & Williams, 5 Kew Cavendish Street —
Manufacturers.
Pure tannin.
Crystallized chromic acid.
Bebzoate of ammonia.
Bin-iodide of mercurr.
Pure aconitine, used m neuralgic affections.
Valerianate of zinc, iron, quinine, bismuth, and of iron
and quinine.
Cardole, said to be a new and powerful vesicating agent.
Bromoform, per-bromide of formyle, a new anicstnetio
agent said to be of greater power than chloroform.
Dutch liquid, chloride of oleflant gas, a new aiuosthetio
agent, said to be less irritating than chloroform.
Iodoform, periodide of formyle.
Pyrogallio acid, used in photography.
Cyanuret of potassium.
Citrate of iron and quinine.
Sulphate of iron and quinine, a new and powerful tonic.
Arseniate of soda, containing 1 5 atoms of water.
Kreatine, from the juice of the flesh.
Iodide of iron and quinine.
[Tannin (tannic acid) is obtained from nut-galls, and
exists in the bark of all the oak tribe. It is the active
agent of the barks used in the art of tanning, forming
insoluble compounds with the components of the skins of
animals (leather), which it preserves from putrefaction.
Chromic acid is a compound of the metal chromium
and oxygen of a fine red colour: it parts readily with half
its oxygen, and hence is a powerful oxidizing and bleach-
ing agent. The salts of chromic acid are termed chro-
mates, they are chiefly of a yellow colour; the chromates
of baryta, strontia, and lead are beautiful yellow pig-
ments much used in distemper and oil painting and
printing.
Aconitine is a poisonous vegetable alkaloid, obtained
from aconite (wolfstane, monkshood); it is used as a
remedy in neuralgia.
Valerianic acid (valeric acid) is a volatile acid belong-
ing to the same class as acetic acid: it is obtained by
oxidizing hydrated oxide of amyle (oil of potato spirit),
as acetic acid (vinegar) is obtained by oxidizing hydrated
oxide of ethyle (alcohol). It exists ready formed in the
ai'omatic root of the Valeriana officinalis, from which it is
obtained by distillation with water. Valerianates (va-
lerate) are compounds of valerianic acid with bases.
Used as a nervous stimulant.
Formyle is a compound of carbon and hydrogen: it
boars the same relation to wood spirit (hydrated oxide of
methyle), as acetyle does to ordinary alcohol (hydrated
oxide of ethyle) : it is the radical of formic acid, as acetyle
is of acetic acid. Its compoimds with iodine and bromine
are iodoform and bromoform.
Dutch liquid (oil of the Dutch chemists, olefiant gas)
is the hydrochlorate of chloride of acetyle : it is obtained
by mixing equal volumes of moist chlorine gas cjid ole-
fiant gas.— W. D. L. R.]
[Pyrogallio acid is obtained by heating the dried ex-
tract of gallnuts, when it is collected by sublimation. In
photography it is employed in extremely minute quanti-
ties. The pictures come out without requiring to be
developed by a second wash. But the action of this
agent is so energetic that it is extremely difficult to
manage, A solution of the proto-nitrate of iron pos-
sesses similar properties for the use of the photographer.
— R. E.]
42 Bower, J., Hunslet, Leeds — Manufacturer.
Carbonate of soda, containing 59 parts soda, and 41 car-
bonic acid, particularly adapted for scorning wool or
woollens, as it removes grease without injuring the animal
fibre.
P 2
I9B
Clabb 2.— chemical AND PHARMACEUTICAL PR05U0T8.
SOITTH OaLLKBT.
[Unitbo
43 JsNEiNa, WiLUAM Habbt, TViiro— Inventor.
Armnioal powdera — " Anenioal compound :" a general
preventive of foulneM, barnacles, &o., on ihipa' bottoms,
buoys, &o., and of dry-rot in buildiigs.
44 Fox k Babbimotok, 9 Clartnee Street, Manoheiter —
Manufacturers.
Common salt. Brimstone (sulphur). Salt cake (of
soda). Barilla, or black ash (ball soda). Soda-ash (im-
Jmre carbonate of soda). Bleaohing-nowder. Nitrate of
ead. Chlorate of potash. Super-sulphate of soda. Tin
crystals (chloride of tinj. Blue or Roman vitriol ^sulphate
of copper). Nitrate ot copper. Yellow pnissiate ^rerro-
cyanide of potassium). Bed pnissiate (ferricyanlde of
potassium). White, mottled, and yellow soda-soaps.
45 Babnxs, Jambs Benjamin, 143 Xeu> Bond Street —
Uanufaoturer.
Valerianic acid — ^produced from the hydrated oxide of
amyle, or oil of com spirit, by oxidation with chromic
acid.
Valerianate of potasaa and soda — employed in the form-
ation of moat of the following salts : — -VMerianate of am-
monia, baryta, strontia, lime, magnesia, alumina, oxide
of chromium, protoxide of niokal and cobalt, and oxide of
manganese.
Valerianate of oxide of Iron, sesqui-oxide of iron, and
oxide of aino — employeu in medicine as tonics and auti-
spasmodica.
Valeriuiate of oxide of lead— oxide of silver — aub-oxide
of mercury — oxide of mercury — ter-oxide of biamuth —
oxide of copper — oxide of cadmium — ter-oxide of antimony
—oxide of tin — morphia— quina — dnchonia — atrychnia —
and oxide of ethyle.
[This Valerianic acid and aeries of its salts, have been
manufactured by the exhibitor, in the laboratory of Messrs.
Savory & Moore, New Bond Street. Valerianic acid was
disoovered some years since, by Prince Lucien Buona-
parte, and by him auccesafuUy introduced into medicine.
It is of considerable interest to the chemist from the foct
of its having been artificially prepared by M. Dumas, by
acting upon amylio alcohol (oil of com spirit) with caustic
potash.
The valerianic aoid is naturally contained in tho volatile
oil obtained by the distillation of the valerian root, in very
small proportions. The same acid, however, may be pro-
duced artificially, by the indirect oxidation of the fusel-
oil separated from crude spirits in the process of rectifica-
tion, which is the cause of the. whisky flavor of grain
spirit before rectification. The fusel-oil is heated with a
large proportion of caustic potass, when hydrogen is
disengaged and valerianate of potash remains. The acid
is easily separated from the remaining valerianate of
potash by distillation with sulphuric acid.
Thi? cfiers a beautiful and striking example of the
artifiuifil formation of an acid naturally formed by the
process of vegetation of the officinal valerian. It has
the same composition and properties as the latter, and
may therefore be advantageously substituted for it in all
pharmaceutical preparations.
The valerianates comprised in the series exhibited,
were prepared with the artificial acid and obtained by
oxidising the amylio alcohol with chromic acid; it is ..
colourless oily fluid, having a peculiar and disagreeable
odour, and possesses all the properties and qualities of
that which is obtained from the root of valerian; it
forms soluble salts with bases, which are distinguished
by the disagreeable smell of the acid, and also by a
sweetish taste. The first apecimen in the series con-
sists of the pure acid; then follow the salts, being
twenty -three in number, namely, — those of potash, soda,
ammonia, baryta, strontia, lime, magnesia, alumina.
chromium, nickel, cobalt, manganese, sesqui-oxide of
iron, lino, silver, sub-oxide of mercury, bismuth, copper,
cadmium, antimony, quinine, morphia, and the oxide of
ethyle (valerianic ether). Of these the potash salt resem-
bles phosphorus fai appearance, is soft like it, and when
out has a waxy lustre, is deliquescent, and when struck
with any hard body produces a peculiar metallic sound,
somewhat Uko that occasioned when a ball of camphor is
struck in a similar manner. The valerianate of soda is
in masses made up of small crystals and is deliquescent.
The valerianate of ammonia, olao in crystals, and like-
wise deliquescent; of baryta, and of strontia also crystal-
line; of lime in crystalline scales; of alumina as a white
powder; of chromium as a grey, of nickel as a green, and
of cobalt as a beautiful peach-coloured powder; of man-
ganese in fine rose-coloured scales; the persalt of iron,
orange yellow, pulverulent, and soluble in alcohol; sine
as a granular crystalline powder; silver as a grey, mercury
and bismuth white powders; copper blue and pulverulent;
cadmium in white crystalline scales; antimony white
and pulverulent; quinine, in no definitely formed crystals;
morphia, in fine tufts of aoicular crystals. The valerianic
ether is a colourless fluid of a penetrating and disagree-
able odour, its specific gravity is 0-894. Of the fore-
going the valerianates of zinc, iron, and quinine have
been the most extensively and the most advantageotisly
used in medicine, and there exists no doubt but that
those of potash, soda, ammonia, bismuth, oxide of ethyle,
and other bases may be also very beneficially employed
by the physician.]
46 PAKtum,W., 7 Cleveland Street — Producer.
Illustrations in oil and water colour, of an intense and
semi-transparent brown colouring substance, derived firom
the smut of com.
47 Wood & Bedford, Ze^dSs— Manufacturers.
Specimens of the varieties of lichen used in the manu-
facture of cudbear, orchil and litmus, including Roccella
fuciformis, Roccella tiitctoria, Ramalina farinacea, J'armelia
perlata, Parmelia tartarea, Umbilioaria pustulata, and Oyro-
phora murmia.
Substances obtained from the preceding, by chemical
analysis, including erythric, lecanoric, and roccellic acids,
picro-erythrine, orcine, and ashes of Roccella fuciformis.
Specimens of cudbear and orchil, and of their applica-
tions in dyeing and staining.
[Chemists have shown the presence of a variety of
singular chemical principles in lichens used by the dyer.
The colouring principles are Orcine, Erythrine, Vulpuline,
Strychnochromine, Lecanorine, limine, &c. The colouring
matter is used largely by the dyer, and by the chemist
for the preparation of test-papers. — R. E.]
48 Bldndeix, Spence, & Co., HM, and 9 Upper
Thames Street — Inventors and Manufacturers.
Brunswick or chrome greens, of various tints and
shades, used in oil painting and paper-stainiug.
Qreens.— For painters, paper-stainers, &c., having a
base of copper, viz., emerald green, green verditer,
mineral greens, &c., &c.
Blues. — Chinese, Prussian, refiners, verditera, ultra-
marine, &c.
Ochres. — Yellow, red, brown, &o.
Yellows. — Chromes, all shades. King's yellow, patent
yellow, Dutch pink, &c., &o.
Reds. — Red chrome, mineral and veg3table reds.
Lakes. — Carmines. Lakes of all colo.irs and shades.
Browns. — Vandyke brown, umbers, terra de Sienna,
York brown, &c.
Blacks.— Vegetable, animal, and mineral.
KiNODOM.] Clam 2.— CHEMICAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS.
South Oallbry.
1U3
Whitea.>-Oxi<le of lino, Cremnitz wLite, flake white,
enamel white, «atin white, Paris white, barytea (sulphate
and carbonate), &o.
Leads.— Red, orange, grey, black, white (caibonate).
White lead (oxi-chloride) ; a new invention, patented by
H. L. Pattinson, Esq., of Newcastle-upon-Tyne.
Paints ground in oil, of every colour and variety of
■hade. Zino white paint. — Unaffected by sulphurous
gases, employed for a delicate dead white oil paint.
Also a specimen of new dnring oil, which assists its
drying without impairing the delicacy of colour. Perma-
nent and Paris green paints. Brunswick green paints.
HetalHo red pauit. Anti-corrosion, of all colours and
shades. Stucco paint, an oil paint used with water;
invented by the exhibitors. Patent dryer. Composition
for ships' bottoms. Oils. — Linseed oil, raw, refined,
and boiled. Rape oil.— Brown, reiined for locomotive
engines, and douole refined for burning in lamps.
Varnishes for coachmakers.— Body, carriage, filling,
black japan.
Varnishes for painters.— Oak, mahogany, black japan,
furniture, japanners' gold size, ^uick-drying copal for
furniture. Mastic or picture. White hard spirit. Paper
varnish. Turpentine varnish.
Qreen varnish for Venetian blinds, &c.
Black Tarnish for ships and iron work.
French polish.
49 Bankart, F., Swansea — Producer.
Crystals of sulphate of iron.
50 OoDSON, Septimos H., Tenburff, Worcestershire, and
StUland Gate, London — Ihroprietor.
Samples of native mineral waters.
These mineral waters concentrated and tested, to show
their mineral constituents.
A phial showing the bromine present in the waters,
extracted by ether, and floating in it.
A phial with salts found in the Tenbury mineral water.
61 DiNNEFOBD & Co., 172 New Boitd Street — ^Inventors
and Manufacturers.
Specimens of magnesian minerals, and ohemicala.
Samples of Dinneford's pure fluid magnesia.
[The principal minerals, of which magnesia forms an
important part, are the sulphate (Epsom salts), the car-
bonate (magnebite), the silicate (meerschaum, talc and
serpentine), and the carbonate of lime and magnesia
(dolomite). From any of these may be obtained the
hydro-carbonate much used in pharmacy {magnesia alba),
and also the earth magnesia (prot-oiide of magnesium);
but they are chiefly manufactured either from the car-
bonate or sulphate. — D. T. A.]
52 Schilling &; Sutton, J9ri^A<o»— Manufacturers.
Samples of soda. Seltzer, and Fauhingen water,
Efiervescing lemonade.
52a Struve & Co., Soyat German Spa, Brighton —
Manufacturers.
Artificial mineral waters, of similar composition to the
springs at Spa, Pyrmont, Marienbad, Kissingen, Seltzer,
Fachingen, Piillna, and Vichy. The factitious chalybeates
are said to contain the carbonate of iron in solution,
whereas in those imported, a part, or the whole is pre-
cipitated.
53 Kane, Wuxiam Joseph, Dublin — Manufacturer.
Specimen of salt cake (sulphate of soda), made in
bricK furnaces, with complete condensation of the muriatic
acid evolved.
Specimen of bleaching powder, made from the muriatic
acid condensed.
[Bleaching powder is procured by exposing, in a stone
chamber, powdered hydrate of lime, or slaked lime, to the
fumes of chlorine gas, developed from a mixture of bin-
oxide of manganese, ooloride of rodium (common salt),
and diluted sulphuric acid. After an exposure of certain
length, the lime absorbs, and appears to combine with the
chlorine, which it afterwards retains. It is, therefore,
valuable for all purposes where the powerfully bleaching
effects of bblorine are required, and is employed in vast
quantities in the oalioo bleaoh-wurks, and similar esta-
blishmenta for the bleaching of linen and other goods. —
R. E.]
Specimen of iron pyrites A>i-sulphuret of ire;)), flmm
Messrs. Williams and Sons' Tigroney Mines, county
Wioklow, Ireland.
Specimen of manganese ore, containing 90 per cent, of
per-oxide of manganese, firom Qlandore Mines, county
Cork, Ireland.
64 Wabo, Smith, & Co., O/o^ou— Manufacturers.
Iodine. Muriate of potash. Sulphate of potash.
Alkali salt.
65 FowiaB, John, 35 Bedford Street, Covent Garden —
Chemist.
Specimens of pure benzoic acid.
66 Lawrence, William, 163 Shane Street—
Manufacturer.
Specimens of cod-liver oil.
67 Brown, Frederick, 12 Ecokston Place, Pimlico —
Patentee and Manufacturer.
Colours manufactured from the oxide of zinc, applicable
for pointing in distemper, on porcelain and boards, for
paper staining, and for oil-cloth.
The qualities of these paints are stated to be their
freedom ' a noxious properties, their permanency,
and econc /. They are not acted upon by gases. Spe-
cimen board painted with vurious colours in zinc paint.
58 Ellah, Jones, & Co., Markeaton Mills, Derby —
Manufiicturers.
Emery — Granular rhombohedral corundum-stone, from
Naxos, m Asia Minor: consistingof alumina, 86 '0; silica,
3*0; oxide of iron, 4*0; and crocus (oxide of iron), for
polishing fine steel and plated ware.
Mineral and vegetable colours (native and manufac-
tured).
Mineral — sulphate of barytos, carbonate of barytos,
carbonate of lime, syenite, cannel coal, mineral white,
minei-al black, blue-black, lapis calaminaris, dream ochro,
gold ochre, mineral yellow, metallic red, umber, white
rotten-stone, brown rotten-stone, bole armeniao.
Vegetable colours— Dutch pink, English pink, Bruns-
wick green, Saxon green, Derby red.
59 RnssELL & Robertson, Omoa Ibundery, Holytoum,
Lanarkshire — Inventorn.
Specimens of white-lead ptunt, or ceruse, yellow
chromate of lead, and red di-chromate of lead; manufac-
tured by a new process, and solely in the humid way.
The usual mode of converting blue lead into white
lead, by the action of acetic acid, occupies six weeks
or two months, whereas by the new process the some end
is attained in one day, without endaiigering the health of
the workmen.
[White lead is the well-known pigment, which when
ground in linseed oil is used in house painting. It is a
carbonate of lead, generally containing hydrated oxide of
lead, which is sometimes combined in the proportion of
one atom of hydrated oxide to two of carbonate of lead.
The most usual method (the Dutch) of manufacturing
white-lead is likewise the oldest. It consists in exposing
lead to the joint action of acetic acid vapour, moist air,
and carbonic acid gas. The lead is cast in the form of
stars or gratings, and supported a little above the bottom
of earthen pots (in stiape like garden pots), into each of
which a small quantity of weak acetic acid is placed. The
m
Cl-AM 2.— CHEMICAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS.
BouTH Oallkry.
[Ukitid
potii are then built up in alt«nwt« layen, with ipent
tannar'i bvk, until a utook is formed ; each layer of pota
being oorered with board*. The fermentation, which loon
takea plaoe in the tan, lenrea the double purpoae of fur-
niahing carbonic add, and raiaing the temperature of the
■taok, which reachea 140° Fah. After a lapae of eix or
•Ight weeka the metallic, or blue lead, aa it ia called, ii
oonTcrted into poroelain-Uke maaaaa of white lead, which
are levigated in water, washed and dried. About 10,000
tona ara annually mode in England by thia proceaa. A
Tery amall quantity of acetic acid suffloei for the conver-
aion of a large amount of metallic into white-lend ; as, after
it haa combined with a portion of lead oxide to form
neutral acetate of lead, this salt dissolves another atom
of lead oxide, which ia removed by the carbonic acid aa
carbonate of lead, and the neutral acetate set free, again
to taka up a ft«ah portion of newly-formed oxide of lead,
produced by the action of the air on the metallic lead.
Most of the new processes depend on similar reactions,
with thia difference, that oxide of lead (litharge) is em-
ployed instead of metollio lead: it is either made into a
paste, with a small quantity of acetate of lead and water,
or else dissolved either in a solution of ueutral acetate, or
neutral nitrate of lead, and submitted to the action of
carbonic acid, produced by the combustion of coke or
charcoal, which precipitates the dissolved li harge, leaving
the acetate or nitrate at liberty to dissolve fresh portions.
Another of the new plans consisted in precipitating a
neutral salt of lead (the nitrate, for example) with an
alkaline carbonate. — W. D. L. R.]
60 Johnson, J. R., 12 Bankside — Inventor.
Extract of muqjeet. Patterns of calico printed and
dyed with the extract. Extract of madder. Patterns
printed " topically" with the extract. Elxhibited to illus-
trate a new process of extraoting, economically, the
colouring principle of the Rubiacete.
PrintM calicoes, to illustrate a new process of madder
dyeing, which is intended to replace goroncine.
Pieces of calico printed topically with extract of madder.
[Elxtract of mu^jeet, or muigeeth, is obtained from
the roots of Rubia cordifolia, an East Indian plant. It is
imported into England from Calcutta. It is not so
largely used as madder, whioh is furnished by the roots
of another plant allied to Subia cordifolia. The colour
produced is said not to equal that of madder in brilliance
and permanence. — R. E.]
61 Scott, Lanoston, 41 Moorgate Street —
Manufacturer.
Large vase and tunall glasses containing white oxide of
■inc.
Various small painted boards.
Patent white zmo is principally used for house-painting
in lieu of white-lead as being less noxious; but may be
applied in the manufacture of crystals, paper-staining,
card-enamelling, bleaching of lace, glazing of ware, for
the down of artificial flowers, &c. It possesses great
whiteness, gives a fresh tone to all colours, renders the
paint or material prepared impervious to the action of
gases, damp, &c., reflects artificial light, and preserves
the materials. It is produced bv destructive distilliition,
from xino ore, or spelter, which is prinnpally imported
in large flat slabs frou Silesia, Qalicia, and Prussia: Rus-
sia, Belgium, (Uid Ohinu. send RUuiller supplies; the great
European dep6t is Uambuigh.
[Oxide of nno is now largely employed instead of
oerute, and is much leas noxious than that preparation of
lead.— R. E.]
62 Davt, Mackmurdo, & Co., Bermondsey—
Manufacturers.
Samples of carbonate of ammonia; corrosive sublimate ;
calomel; benioicacid; citric acid; gallic acid; oxalic acid;
salt of sorrel; acetate of sine; nitrate of silver; chloride
of barium; nitrate of baryta; tartar emetic crystals; sul-
phite of suila; nitrate of ammonia; acetate of lead ; glyce-
rine; bisulphate of mercury; rod precipitate; calomel in
powder.
6U Dacptain, Oorton, & Co., 17 Wtarf Road,
at;/ Hmid — Manufacturer*.
Four samples of ultramarine.
64 EsTOODKT, Samuel, 2 Orem Terrace, Jfev> River Mtad
— Inventor and Manufacturer.
Sample of refined Indian blue, for the laundry.
65 CoppocK, John, /}ih//wW— Inventor.
A chemical liquid for imparting the colour of mahtnany
and rosewood to common woods. A specimen of the
prepared wood, polished, with a bottle containing the
liqitid ; the sides of the block are loft unstained, to show
the uatural wood.
[The liquid commonly employed for staining wood so
as to communicate to it the appearance of antiquity is a
caustic solution of potash. The same effect ia ako pro-
duced by the use of soap leys, simply in consequence of
the free alkali contained in that liquid. Other chemical
fluids are likewise used for the same purpose. — R. E.]
66 Bell, Gn>., & Co., 2 Wellington Street, Oosuiell Street
— Manufacturers.
Mineral points, which quickly dry under water, and on
metals exposed to extreme heat. They are suitable for
ships' bottoms, or for damp walls.
67 LkifchiU), J., High Hill Ferry, Upper Clapton —
Producer.
Specimens of dyes for silk. — Carmine from safllower,
blue from indigo, and blue from prussiate of potash.
[Safflower is yielded by a plant known botanically as
Carthamus tinctoriua, belonging to the Aatcracece, The
flower is alone used in dyeing. The plant is an annual,
cultivated iu Egypt, the Levant, &c.— R. E.]
68 Mabshau., John, Leeda — Manufacturer.
Nos. 1, 2, & 3. Acid and neutral extracts of indigo.
4 & 5. Carmine and liquid extract from purifled in-
digo.
6. Refined indigo.
[Indigo is the produce of plants belonging chiefly to
different species of indigo-tree ; it is also obtained, to a
smaller extent, from others. The state in which it exists
in the juioeof these plants is not well iinderstood. It
appears to be in the form of a colourless, soluble com-
pound, and is generally obtaine<^ ^~ Termenting the
bruised plant, during which ammonia is evolved, and a
yellow liquor obtained, which, on the addition of lime-
water, and exposure to the air, deposits the insoluble
blue substance called indigo. For the purposes of dyeing,
the indigo is dissolved in sulphuric acid, with which it
forms a distinct chemical compound. — E. F.]
7 & 8. Red and blue orchil paste.
9 & 10. The same, of medium quality.
11 & 12. The same, of fine quality.
13 & 14. Red orchil liquor for silk dyeing.
\h & 16. Concentrated red and blue orcml liquor.
17 & 18. Cudbear.
19 & 20. The some, of good and best quality.
21 & 22. Violet carmine, and best concentrated cud-
bear.
23, 24, 25, & 26. Valparaiso, Angola, Madagascar, and
Cape de Veni orchella weed.
[These substances are prepared from various lichens,
amongst which the Boccclla tinctoria, R. ooralliaa, Lecanora
[U»IT«D
KlNODOM.J
Class 2.— CHEMICAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS.
South Oallxbt.
IM
tartarea, Variolar^ laden, and V, dealhata, have been wp«-
oially rMorted to. Theae llcheiu ore found on rook* on
th« lea-ooait. Th3 modea of treating them for the manu-
faoture of the different dyea i» the tame in principle,
though varying slightly in detail. They are carefully
cleaned, and ground into a pulp with water, an ammoniaoal
liquor ii ttom time to time added, and the maas conatantly
atirred, In order to expose it aa much aa poaaible to the
action of the air. Peculiar aubatanoea exiating in theae
planta at«, during thia prooeaa, ao changed by the com-
bined action of the atmoaphere, water, and ammonia, m
to generate «he tiolouring matter, which, when perfect, ia
preaaed out, and gypaum, ohidk, or other aubatanoea are
then added, ao aa to give it the deaired conaiatency; they
are then prepared for the market under the forma now
exhibited.- E.F.]
37, 38, 3S. 30, 31, 33, 33, & 34. Ground lac-dye,—
X, 00, O, A (medium qualitv), D (medium quality), O
(good quality), H (flue quidity), and I (fineat quality).
35. Eaaenoe of lao-dye.
[The IrMS-dyea are prepared by extracting the peculiar
colouring matter of the " atick-loo " of commerce. Thia
latter ia a reainoid aubatance, the reault of a aecretion of
aeveral different plouta— the Fkitt Indica, F. retiQhsa,
Crotoii lacciftnim, and othera — occaaioned by the punc-
turea of a amall inaeot (the Coccus ficus) made for the
purpoae of depoaiting ita ova. The branches become
euoruated with a reddish-coloured concretion, which
oouaista of the inapiaaated juice of the plant, imbued with
a peculiar colouring matter derived tiom the insect.
The preparation of them ia uaually carried out in India,
the reniaining substances, jeed-lao and ahell-lac, being
also articles of commerce. The colouring matter, or dye,
ia extenaively used as a substitute for cochineal. — E. F.]
36. Oround Bengal turmeric.
[Prepared from the roots of the Curcuma tonga. Used
as a dye, and also aa a condiment. — E. F.]
Specimens of 36 kinda of European and native manu-
facture of loc-dye in India.
CO Lee, Charles, 119 Lower Thames Street, City —
Importer.
Newly-invented black dyeing material, for dyeing silk.
70 Davibs, John, Cross Street, King Street, Manchester
— Inventor and Manufacturer.
Preserved aize, clear and ati-ong, for any climate; suit-
able for oarvera and builders, bonnet-makers, paper-
hangers, imd vamishers.
71 Lamplodob, Henht, 88 Snow Hill — Inventor
and Proprietor.
' 1. Socotrine Aloes, obtained from Aloes perfoliata.
2. Common Aloes, from Aloed Barbadensis.
3. Smyrna Opium, from Papaver Scmniferum. Kat.
Ord. — Papaveraoas.
4. Myrrh, from Balsamodendron Myrrha. Xat. Ord.
— Durseraoea).
5. Russian Castor, from Castor Feber. Class. — Mam-
malia. Order. — Rodentia.
6. Aleppo Scammony, from Convolvulus Scammonia.
Nat. Orel. — Convolvulftcic.
7. Brown Annulated Ipecacuanha, from Cephaelis
Ipecacuanha. Nat. Ord. — Cinchouaceffi.
8. Red Annulated Ipecacuanha.
0. Rhubarbs— English Rhubarb.
10. Dutch Trimmed Rhubarb.
11. Chinese or Indian Rhubarb.
12. Russian Rhubarb.
Residual salts from the destructive decomposition of
animal substances. Specimens of chlorophospate of soda
and potoah; of efferveaoing aalta; of oi vatuls of pruaaiatu
of Dutaah; and of auiphate of iniii.
npeoimen of Pruaaian blue.
72 CoULSON, JuKKi, ft Co., 12 Clementi Lout,
LonAani Street — Proprietors,
Mineral aubatances used for the manufacture of paint ;
in their natural state, and puiveriaud.
73 Pbaoock, QiDiiaE, Southampton Dodu — Inventor.
New description of metallic paint or compoaition, named
" A.nti-I:iargaaaian," for protecting the bottoma of ship,
ftc, ttom the attack of the "Teredo-navalia;" preaerving
iron and copper aheathing from wear ur fouling, and pre-
venting wood fW>m decay, with apecimens rf iron, wood,
and copper, in the protected and unprotected atate.
[Thoae substances which prevent the iecay of wood by
chemical means, are generally such oa oo>.nbine with its
nitrogenoua principles, and in auoh a manner aa tu pre-
vent or retard those principles from undergoing puttrefoo-
tive change. Experience haa fully proved the fact that
the ordinary duration of unprepared wood exposed to
oauMS tf decomposition varies ivith different kinda, but
that decay ultimately takea place in all. By the aatura-
tion of timber with differant fluids, it is possible to avert
or defer considerably these changes, and to communicato
to the wood a durability far exceeding that originally
possessed by it. — R. E.]
74 Stephens, Henrt, 54 Lower Stamford Street,
Blackfriars — Inventor imd Proprietor.
Samples of wood stained by the colour manufactured
by tlie exhibitor, intended to shew that deal or other
woods may be ornamented, and the beauty of the natural
graining exliibited to the best effect, thua aaving the ex-
pense of pointing and graining.
75 Hates, P., & Co., 5.i//orcf— Manufacturers.
Rosin in the raw state. Spirits extracted from rosin,
used for making varnish. Riefined rosin oil, for coarse
machinery, ships' masts, &c. Common rosin oil, for
tramways, &o.
Pine taJlow, manufactured from rosin, for railways.
Pitch. Rosin acid. Pine varnish made from rosin, for
vessels.
76 Duncan, William L., Sydenham, Kent —
Inventor and Producer.
Cotton woste, used for cleansing purposes by railway
and steam navigation engineers, &c.
Sample, in its dirty state, after having been used for
railway purposes.
Cotton waste after a cleansing process, by which it is
again reclaimed to i\» original I'alue and usefulness.
77 Mason, Mrs. Betsey, 38 Doughty Street, MecMenhurgh
Sqmre — Inventor.
Pooloo's Chinese cement, for repairing china, glass,
porcelain, marble, all kinds of wood, jewellery, musical
instruments, furniture, and metals; useful to the mimu-
facturer of and dealer in all goods, in the construction of
which an adhesive composition is employed, especially
for their repair. It is impervious to warm or cold water,
and will resist the effects of intense heat. It also pos-
sesses the advantage of being perfectly clean, and free
from any unpleasant smell.
Specimens of articles repaired by the cement.
[The cement commonly used for joining broken china
and glass is composed of isinglass soaked in water till it
is soft and then dissolved in alcohol; to this is added a
little solution of gum resin, ammoniac, or galbanum and
resin mastic, also in alcohol. When applied, it has to bQ
gently heated to liquify it.— D. T. A.]
196
CiAM 2. -CHEMICAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS.
HouTU Oam.rhv.
TUhitid
78 HvMrmnr, 0., t\ututam Plm^, /hHtKuxnrk — Inventor
•lid Muiufnoturar.
Onloiin n.'odiioml by the oombiuation of (kttjr Midi
witli niutalllo oxidM Mid p«rosidM. CandlM and rafln«<l
f»ttjr uwtton.
79 DlCBWN, OlOMIB, k Co.. 4d DtUkku StreH,
Kiiinbaiyh — Manunoturen.
Modiolnal ood-liver, ling-liver, and ikate-liver oili.
Used in cMtea of piilraonary oonanmption, aathina, lum-
bago, rheumatiaui, Kl*»dul«r ■welllngii, and all dlMaaea
of a (corbutio nr atrumoua nature.
[Cod-liver uu haa been long employed In the arta, but
ita uie in medicine ia recent. It haa been ^.iven very ex-
tenaively within the laat two yean in a variety of dia-
aaaea. It appeari to be principally efflcaoioua in tuber-
ouloua bffectiona, in the treatment of which many other
remediea are often employed without auoeeaa. — K. E.]
Cod-liver ointment. Ninety per cent, of the conati-
tuenta of the oil ia contained in tnia ointment.
80 BacABEV, Wm. Arthvr, Douglat, Tile of Man—
Inventor.
Refined oil. Pure oleine, for watches, clocka, chrono-
meters, fine machinery, and inatrunicnta; tree from acid
or mucilage; not affected by change uf temperature, and
ha'ing no chemical action on metali.
[For some purposes in the arta it ia necessary to separate
(Al into ita proximate oonstitueuta, W(iin«, or oleine and
$teari»e. The former ia the fluid portion, the latter the
aolid part which separates, at low temperatures, from the
oleine. The separation is effected by cold and pressure. —
B. E.]
81 Robertson, W., Panff, 5bo</am/— Manufooturer.
Cod-liver oil, manufactured by the exhibitor. Ex-
tracted by steam-heat, and rendered almost colourleiw,
without the mho of charcoal or any other decolourising
agent. Manufactured at the various fishing villages along
the coast of the Moray Frith.
Hlinte-liver oil. Manufactured by the same process.
This article is more difficult to obtain. Change of tem-
perature scarcely affects it. By some it is preferred to
ood-liver oil.
Sulphate of baryta and chloride of barium.
[Chloride of barium is a crystaUine compound of
chlorine and barium, soluble in water. Its uolution pro-
duces a white insoluble precipitate of sulphate of liaryta
in sulphuric acid and solutions of sulphate; hence its
use as a chemical re-agent for the detection aud quanti-
tative determination of sulphuric acid in analysis.
Sulphate of baryta (permanent white), ia a compound
of sulphuric acid and oxide of barium; artificially pre-
pared, it is extensively used as a pigment for water-
colouring, but has not sufficient body to be employed as
an oil point. The native sulphate of baryta is used as an
adulterant of white lead point. — W. D. L. R.]
82 LiNKiATER, J., 5 Sidney Street — Producer.
Specimens of cod-liver oil.
83 Owen, Charlbb, Edinburgh — Monufaeturer.
Specimens of pure cod-liver oil,
84 Kino, Wiluam Waubbt, Soho Street, Liverpool—
Manufacturer.
Effervescent citrate of magnesia, manufactured by the
exhibitor,
This article is exhibited as an agreeable and efficient
saline aperient, adopted for family use, for travellers ond
residentii in worm climates, ond as on economical medi-
cino in general. Mixed with cold woter it forms a ploo-
sant effervescing draught equal to soda water or lemonade.
85 Burt, Btephbm John, 'in fUrringtUm Street—
Proprietor.
Cantharidea (Cunthari* vetioatoria), iiniK>rted from
Russia.
Cantharidine, the active principle of the oantharidea,
alone, and in combination with alkaline and other bane*.
Canthariiline and |)utitMa. Cautharidiue aiid so<hk. Can-
tharidine and lead,
[The Canthnrii veiicatoria of pharmacy is aii inseot lielong-
iiig to the order CuliK'iitera, or beetles. Hlcily, Hfain, and
Aatraoan are sources of our supply. In the presvut instauoe
Russia has furnished the insect, aud there is a large annual
importation from that country. The Russian insects are
larger than those of other oountriea. Cantharidine is ob-
tained trom an alcoholic tincture of the |iowdered insect,
and possesses in an intense degree the blistering proiwrtius
of the powdered cantharides. — R. E .J
80 HciRiiaoN, J., W. k H., 77 Smintnn Street,
Oriv/'a Ann Hmd- MoniifocturerN.
Crystals of the following chemical aubstanoes :—
1, Bi-carbonate of soila.
3. 3, Rochelle salts, refined and unrefined.
4. Iodide of potassium.
5. The some, commercial.
0. Iodide of lead,
7. Bin-io<lide of mercury.
8. Iodide purified.
9. 10. Tartaric acid and citric add crystals.
11. Acetate of sine.
12. Sulphate of potash crystals,
13. Purified sulphate of uuc.
14. Phosphate of soda.
15. Sulphuto of iron crystals.
Id, Corbonnte of Hoda.
17, 18. IHirified nitrate and bi-carbonato of potash.
87 MnRRAT, Sir James, M.D., Munitown, Jhiblin—
Inventor.
B!-carbonnte of magnesia, dissolved in distilled water;
tree fh>m impurities. Specimen of fluid onmnhor ond
magnesia. Coi-bonate of magnesia in crystals, a dentifrice.
88 Stitroes, Joseph, Kettering — Inventor.
Preporotion for preserving the turnip plant from the
ravages of the fly.
[The turnip-plant often suffers in its earliest growth,
from the ottiickH of o small beetle, called the Iftdlica
neniiDvm, which devours its cotyledon leaves, and thus
orrests ita further growth. A flue tilth and plenty of
good mouure generally ensure such a vigorous growth that
the plant is enabled to throw out its second poir of leaves
before any serious ii^jury has been sustained. — J. W.]
A propose<l remedy for the smut in wheat, ond alao a
preventive from the ravages of the slug, grub, and wire-
89 Ward, Jo:in, Samelton, County Donegal — Producer.
Specimens of kelp manufactured from sea-weed.
Iodine, muriate of potash, sulphate of potash, and alkali
aolt; all manufactured from kelp.
90 Kent, Janes Henrt, Stanton, near Bitry St.
Edmunds — Inventor ond Manufacturer.
Dried pharmaceutical indigenous plants, in gloss ves-
sels, the lower i>arts of which exhibit the plants prepared
for pharmaceutical purposes, and the upper portions of
some of which display the botanical ohankcters of the
plants.
Powdered conium, digitalis, and other indigenous phar-
maceutical plonta.
Dried roots of indigenous phormaceuticol plants.
Dried immatiu« poppyheads, and extract made from
the same.
Specimens of pharmaceutical extracts, prepared from
indigenous plants.
[Unitku
KiNoooM.l CI.AM 2.— CHEMICAL AND I'lIAHMACKUTICAL TOODITCTF.
HoUTH Qalmrt.
m
[Tb« piMi oommonly prMtiMil fi>r preiwring harba U
M fi>llowa : — Th« harb colleotora In tha country put both
iiUlkii iu)<l laavei uf the ma<UoliMl plauta in hunoUaa to
dry (III kilni. Theio biiiiohea are afterwanta hung up in
the harbaltata' aho|ia, and ex|Miaed to tha deooniiMjaing
effoota of light and of the atmoaphere.
Tlie preaent pliui ia to reject all the atalko and dead
leavea of the plauta, to collect theui freab, and dry theiu
immediately in a room haatad with ourrunta of pur* air,
and praaerve them in glaaa or tin veaaela free from tha
nooeaa of light and air. They will keep thua for an in-
definite iieriod of time.— R. E.]
01 TuciiAN, Hanbort, h Buxton, 174 Orkk Latu,
fll>iliilfi»ldt—lfToA\ionn,
Malt and hopa of varloua qualitiea, exhibited in the
proportion! uaetl in brewing one gallon of porter and one
gallon of ale, of medium atreugth.
[Some conception of the quantity of hopa annually pro-
duced in Oreat Britain, principally in Kent, Buaaex, Wor-
oeater, and Hereford, may be obtained fh>m the fact that
in 1842, the duty (2(1. per lb.), amounted to 2U0,078/.
The plant belong! to the aame natural family aa heiiip,
CatUKihinitota, Ita botanical r me ia Ifimitlus Inpulus,
Of malt, the year 1842 pro<^ jed in England and W» aa,
alone, nearly 31,000,000 buahela, tha duty a which
amounted to 4,176,742/.— R. E.]
02 QooWKcr k Cookk, 31 8oHt\amptun Street, Covent
Oarden, and :iO Cimduit St, :et — Manu ' ' turera.
Carmine, the colouring matter of cochineal (Cocri
cacti). Liake, from cochineal, soluble in alkalies and ai>i
monla. Oxide of bismuth. Carbonate of aiumoui), 'ui
basis of smelling salts, spirit of sal volutile, Ac. Ct. '.>i
amber. Suit of amber. Artificial musk, nd tincture of
ivrtificial musk. Watchmakers' oil, for ..m machinery.
Spirit of sol volatile. Essence of amberg>ia. '} iuoture of
myrrh, and sundry drugs and ohemiools.
[Tha beautiful pigment, Carmine, is a result of the pre-
cipitation of on infusion of the cochineal insect (Cucoua
ciicti) in water, by means of alum. The carmine of com-
merce ia io costly an article, that it ia seldom to bo met
with in a state of purity. Pure carmine rlissolves in am-
monia. It is said, by some manufacture <«. that a bright
aud dear state of the atmosphere is neoetuary to the pre-
paration of carmine of the most brilliant colour. — R, E.]
03 Squibk, Peter, 277 Oxford <9<r«^— Inventor and
Manufacturer.
A variety of pharmaceutical extracts and preserved
juices of medicinal plants. Liquor of taraxacum (dan-
delion). Solution of bi-meconate of morphia. Fluid ex-
tract of Jamaica lars^; 'i-illa. Cod-liver oil. Red rose
leaves (dri<Hl without h>>.it;> Fine crystals of red ferro-
pruBsiate of potnah. 1... '^e perfect crystals of yellow
ferro-prussiate of potash.
[Pharmaceutical extracts were, for a considerable period,
the most fallacinxm of all medicinal preparations. The
high temperatuvd to which they were subjected in the
manufantur ) iI<)stroyed the active principle sought to be
concentrattid. Of late they have been prepared, in some
instances, by evaporation in the cold; a purrent of air
being driven over the surface of the liquid. They ore
also safely obtainable by using an apparatus similar to
that employed in the sugar manufacture. — R. E.]
A chloroform and ether inhaler. An apparatus for
preparing infusions.
94 Smith, T. & H., 21 Duke Street, Edinhnrgh, and 69 Cole-
man Street — Inventors and Manufacturers.
Specimens of aloine, the cathartic principle of the
aloes, discovered by the exhibitors in 1850 ; of gallic
acid, in nryatalsi of orystalliMil mannite, extraoted ft«m
dandaliun root; of orystalliaud mannite, uitrnctiMl from
m<)nk«ho<Kl root, also discovered by the eihlbitoni in
IWM): aud of oantharidina, in crystals, tha blisteriuK
principle of the Spauiah fly, one |Jtirt being wiual to 4UU
parts of the powder of Spaniah fllaa.
05 Bam, Jamem, hi llatiim danten — Inventor.
Specimana of concentrated mufUoinal infUaiona and
deo«iotiona, intended to obviate the inoonvenienoea eon-
neot«<l with infUalons and dacootiona aa usually prepared.
[The infuaiona of medicinal aubatances prepared in the
ordinary way are extremely liable t.o decoui|i<iMitii>n, and
soon become oovere<l with fungi. The concentration of
such infUaiona in a fonn in which they can be preserved
for some time ia conaequently of importance. The prepa-
rationa are uaed medicinally by dilution with water;
the infuaiona in their concentrated form presarving •
degree of atrength above that which it ia adviaabla to
adopt for medicinea in their administration. — R. E.]
00 MoCIvixooB, CuARLEa, Covent Oardvn Market—
Producer.
English and American herbs and roots.
07 TlMTIAN, J., Atelcomfx; near Banhwry —
Manufacturer.
Petals of the red rose. Confection of the red rose.
Extract; of henbane.
08 ToRiAM & Usher, Melcombe, near Banlmnj —
Manufacturers.
Englinh rhubarb, trimmed aud uutrimmed, and in
powder.
[Many attempts have been mode to cultivate in Europe
the rhubarb plant for the sake of its medicinal roots. In
Franco >\ore especially, a place called Rheuuipoli has
been ti. . :<cene of a groat experiment in this culture; and
in the like manner Banbury, in Oxfordshire, has long
been celebrated hi thn source of English supply. All
these Euro|)ean riiilii i'>.i< have been found very inferior
to that imported from Asia, the natural oountiy of the
drug. — J. L.]
09 Jenninos, H. C, 97 Leadenhall 5t/-Mt— Producer.
Starch, guins, and vegetable waX; from potato and
whett starch.
100 HoPWOOD, Henrt, Richmowi, Surrey — Proprietor.
Sugar of uiilk, crystallized in the usual manuer; and
crystallived at a temperature of 120° Fahrenheit, in the
dark.
101 Tennant, M. B., Brighton — Producer.
A chemical production for labels or artists' designs, h
pro<luct of a silvery hue to be thrown over dmwiuga of
every descriiition by means of chemical agency said to be
hitherto unknown.
102
Keating, Thomas, 79 St. PauFa Churchyard—
Importer.
Kuosso, from Abyssinia {Bruyera anthelmintica). — Tho
blossom of a tree 20 feet high, the native remedy so
much esteemed for the removal of tape worm, — Dis-
covered by Dr. Brayer.
Sarsapanlla, from Paitiguay (Smilax Papyracea). — ^The
finest species of sarsapanlla known. The product of
which has been found to possess valuable medicinal pro-
perties, especially in its direct eificacy on the system, in
the cure of a number of chronic complaints. Introduced
by Dr. H. Scott.
Radix Jolapas and Croci in Foono, fi-om Asia Minor. —
Exhibited aa the first medicinal products of these speciea
imported from that country.
Matico. — The new medicinal styptic, and vegetable
astringent; efficacious in tho suppression of haamorrhage
from wounds, leech bites, dysentery, diarrhoea, and the
108
I
Clabs 2.— chemical AND PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS.
South Gallert.
[United
dangerous prognostics of cholera, introduced by the late
Dr. JeJfrys, of Liverpool.
103 Watts, John, 107 A'rfj/wareiJoad— Manufacturer.
Daphne Mezereum, bark of the root and stem. Daphne
Latu«ola, bark of the root and stem. Cod-liver oil, made
without water. Oleineof cod-liver oil. Tincture of hops,
made with home-dried hops; and made with kiln-dned
hops. Hydrochlorate of morphia, pure, in crystalline mass.
The following extracts are prepared in open vessels, at a
temperature of from 110° to 130° Fahrenheit: — Acetic
extract of colchicum, from the fresh corms. Extract of
gentian, from the dried root. Pure aqueous extract of
aloes, from hepatic aloes. Extract of deadly night-shade,
from the flowering plant. Extract of liquorice, from the
fresh root. Elxtract of Turkey rhubarb, from the dried
root. Extract of fetid goosefuot, from the flowering plant.
Extract of hemlock, from the flowering plant. Elnterium,
from the fresh fruit when nearly ripe. Inspissated ox-
gall. Extract of henbane, from the flowering biennial
plant. Extract of white poppies, from the fresh capsules.
Extract of dandelion, from the fresh roots monthly, from
October to February, Powdered hemlock, the leaves of
the flowering plant. Powdered foxglove, the leaves of the
flowering plant.
104 Duncan, Flocxhart, & Co., Edinburgh —
Manufacturers.
Specimen of chloroform.
[The inestimable results which have attended the intro-
duction of the anaesthetic or painless mode of operating
in surgery, renders the principal medical product em-
ployed highly interesting. For this purpose it is inhaled
from various forms of apparatus, and the inhalation is
continued at intervals during the period of operation.
Chloroform is obtained by distilling alcohol with a solu-
tion of chloride of lime. Its peculiar fruity odour has
also rendered it available for the production of artificial
fruit essences. — R. E.]
105 Lea, Alfred, 150 Oxford Street — Inventor.
Specimen of myrrhine, a preparation for medical use.
106 MoKSON, Thomas N. B., k Son, 19 SotUhamplon
Row, and Hornsey Jtond — Manufacturers.
Specimens of crystallized salts of morphine, strichnine,
cinchonie, with the pure alkaloids from which they are
obtained, of pure aconita and veratric, gallic, tannic, and
meconic acids. pyro-galUc and pyro-mecouic acids, kreo-
Bote, &c.
[To the chemist the preparations known as alkaloids,
or vegeto-alkaloids, present many features of peculiar in-
terest, Tliey are also of the highest medicinal import-
ance, acting, as many of them do, with extraordinary
power over the animal economy, and supplying to the
physician remedies of such energetic action as to enable
him, in many cases, to reduce the bulk of medicine from
an inconvenient and uncertain, to a convenient form.
The crystallization of the vegeto-alkaloids is peculiarly
beautiful, and their chemical constitution is extremely
complicated. Morphia, quina, strychnia, and brucia,
are among these peculiar products, and possess intense
medicinal energies. — R. E.]
107 Macfarlan, John Fletcher, & Co., 17 Xorth
Ilridj/e, Edinburgh — Manufacturers.
Series illustrative of the manufacture of the salts of
morphia, embracing opium, impure muriate of morphia,
pure muriate, and sulphate of morphia.
Specimens of gallic and tannic acids, embracing galls;
tannic acid, impure and pure; gallic acid, impure; com-
mercial, pure.
Specimens of sulphate of bebeerin, from green-heart
bark, embracing the bark, and impure and commercial
sulphate and of the alkaloid.
[Qreen-heart bark is yielded by the Bebeeru tree of
Quiana. Its active principle, bebeerin, is employed in the
form of sulphate, as a febrifuge tonic. — R. £,]
108 PooND, Matthew, 198 Oxford Street — ^Importer
and Manufacturer.
Imports from Calcutta : Indian bael, bela, bilva, matrura ;
the sliced and dried half-ripe fruit of the i^gle Marmelos,
a native of the Ekkst Indies, more particularly the Malabar
coast; a perfect ripe fruit also accompanies it. Extract
of bael; combining all its properties, soluble both in
spirit and water. Wine of bael, prepared with sherry;
its medicinal properties consist in a modification of tan-
nin, combined with a large proportion of mucilaginous
and aromatic principle. Bark of the root of the iGgle
marmelos, much esteemed on the Malabar coast for me-
lancholia, hypochondriasis, &c.
Soap hemes, the fruit of a Sapindus; ub""^ in the East
Indies instead of soap for washing. Cupsu? of the same,
the portion in which its peculiar propurtitx) exist ; its
medicine preparations are the tincture and extract of the
capsules, which are tonic and detersive.
Ji^ube fruit, from the Zizyphus vulgaris of the south
of Europe — imported from Paris; its properties aia nutri-
tive, mucilaginous, and pectoral, and fro) . the jelly of
this fruit the jujubes of commerce are prep^ied. FleJced
cold cream. Ammonia tartrate of iron; ferri ammonio
tartras; tartrate of iron and ammonia, a tonic,
[jEgle marmelos, called "Bel" in India, and by the
English " Bengal quince," is a shrub of the orange tribe,
producing a very delicious fruit, the astringent lind of
which affords a yellow dye.
The soap-worts to which the genus Sapiiidus belongs
are tropical plants. The fruit of many species of Sapindus
is used as a substitute for soap, as Sapindus saponaria,
a West Indian plant, and Sapindus acamitmta, Laurifolius
emarginatus, and Detergens, all East Indian plants. The
species alluded to by the exhibitor is probably that last
named.
The jujubes of the South of Europe are the fruit of
Zixiphus viUgaris, those of India of Ziziphus jujuba, both
plants of the buckthorn tribe.— E. F,]
109
CoLUNS, Robert Nelson, Oxford Court, Cannon
Street — Inventor and Producer.
Disinfecting powder, for the removal of offensive smells.
110
Hatterslet, W,, 15 Lisle Street, Leicester Square ;
and 136 and I'M St. Georges East — Inventor.
Elixir of sorsaparilla preptred without heat.
Ill Davenport, John Thistlewood, 33 Great
KiisseU Street, Sloomsbury — Producer.
Iodide of ir'>n, saccharated 50 per cent, in brilliant
lamella;, neutral aiid soluble, remains unaltered by the
air; iodide of quinine in a neutral crystalline form; iodide
of quinine and iron, in the form of syrup; iodide of iron,
in the form of syrup; iodide of lead, crystals. Chloride
of lead, crystals. Citrate of prot-oxide of iron, powder.
Ammonia, citrate of prot-oxide of iron lamellw, Citi-ate
of sesqui-uxide of iron in lamella), Ammonio-citrate of
sesqui-oxide of iron (lamelliB), Quinme, neutral sulphate,
crystals, soluble. Citrate of quinine and iron, neutral
soluble. Phosphate of iron, soluble lamellffi ; phosphate of
quinine and iron, soluble lamella). Benzoic acid, crystals.
Caffeine, crystals, Hydrochlorate of moriihia, crystals.
Collodion, liquid plaster. Nitrate of silver, crystals.
Fluid extract of dandelion, prepared by spontaneous
inspissation of the pure juice. Solution of bi-meconate
of opium entirely free from narcotine. Preparations of
cotyledon umbilicus,
[Collodion is a remarkable fluid prepared by dissolving
gun cotton in rectified ether. It is used in surgery.
Cotyledon umbilicus has lately been used oa a remedy
[United
Kingdom.] Class 2.— CHEMICAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS.
South Gallery.
100
>lly of
laked
for epilepsy. Ita employment has been attended in
several instances with success, — R. E.]
112 NiXBT, W. O., 22 Moor Street, iSbAo— Prodncer.
Specimen of cement.
113 Oyixb, S., 2 York Street, Camden Tbvm — Producer.
Lint made of linen of different degrees of fineness.
114 Austin, James B,, Banbury — Manufacturer.
Decoctions and infusions of medical substances. Su-
per-phosphate of lime. Sulphate of lime or gypsum.
Fine white sand, found at Todmarton, near Banbuiy.
115 Savory & Moore, New Bond Street.
Kousso; a new remedial agent, imported by the ex-
hibitors, for the removal of tape worm. That it is
destructive of that parasitic disease has been satisfactorily
shown. The plant has long been known in the E^t, and
actively employed in Abyssinia, Dr. Pereira has given
an elaborate account of this plant, which is known by
the name of Braijera anthelmntica, from its properties
and the name of its discoverer, Dr, Brayer. Wittstein
and Martin have given chemical analyses of the plant.
Sumbul ; another new medicine, the introduction of
which into practice in this country is due to the ex-
hibitors. It is very beneficial in many nervous diseases,
and in the treatment of epilepsy. Dr, Granville has
given a minute account of its medicinal properties.
116 Bell, J., M,P,
Cod-liver oil, stearine, sarsaparilla, juice of taraxacum,
otto of roses, &c. Salt, from the Droitwich Patent Salt
Works.
117 The London DRnoowrs — Producers.
Balsams, &c. : Copaiba, storax calamita, black Sonso-
nate, balsamito, and of Tolu.
Barks: Canella, cusparia, winter's, mezereon, cosca-
rilla, Simaruba, Mudar, pomegranate, crown, ashy crown,
loxa and jaen.
Extracts, &c, : Dragon's blood, catechu, liquorice,
aloes, churrus and rhatany.
Expressed oils: Mace, cod-liver, linseed, castor, and
croton.
Essential oils: Peppermint, mint, dill, anise, angelica,
geranium, citronelle, cloves, cinnamon, camomile, winter
green, ginger grass, cubebs, cajuputi, verbena, Indian
grass, bitter almoncis, lavender, sassafras, &c.
Roots: Rhubarb, orris, cassava, angelica, mezereon,
columba, hellebore, ipecacuanha, mai'shmallow, rhatany,
smilax aspera, sarsaparilla, ginseng, salep, posiera brava,
valerian, colchicum cormus, cuscus vitiver, &c.
Seeds: Cardamoms, castor-oil, croton-oil, colchicum,
cumin, anise, cedron, angelica, cocculus indicus, &c.
Woods: Calumba, quassia, jalap, guoiacum, myras-
permum of Sonsonate, sanders, &c.
Spices, peppers, &c, : Guinea pepper, chillies, nutmegs,
mace, cassia lignea, cinnamon, cubeb pepper, cloves,
almonds, calamine, camomiles, patchouli, gangah, manna,
litmus, crabstones, pearls, red coral, dolichos, lactu-
carium, chiretta, &c.
Fruits, &c, : Colocynth, pomegranate, tamarinds,
vanilla, tonka, and cassia fistula.
Gums and resins: Ammoniacum, bdellium, frankin-
cense, galbanum, gamboge, benzoin, styniceum, larca
turi)entine. New Holland resin, mastic, myrrh, Arabic,
olibanum, sarcocol, scammouy, opopouax, sagapenum,
trogacanth, tocamohae, guaiacum, &c.
Leaves, &c. : Petals of damask and cabbage roses, senna,
buchu, kousso, myrospermum, &c.
Mosses : Ceylon, Corsican, Iceland, and Irish.
118 CoPNEY, William, PImufh Court, Lombard Street —
Manufactui'er,
Crystals of citric acid, sulphate of copper, sulphate of
magnesia, and octahedra of alum.
119 Stubige, John Edmund, Birmingham —
Manufacturer,
Specimen of amorphous phosphorus, and crystallieed
chlorate of potass.
120 OxLAND, J. & R., P/^iomM— Manufacturers.
Specimens of sugar, produced by the patent process of
refining, invented by Robert and John Oxland, in which
the acetate of alumina is used as a substitute for the
blood and animal charcoal usually employed for defeca-
tion and the removal of colour.
121
Pinto, Perez, & Co., Chemical Works, Limehoute
— Manufacturers.
Specimen of acetate of lead, in very large crystals,
rhombic prisms, slightly coloured, but exhibiting in a
high degree its peculiar crystalline structure. Another
specimen, in large groups of crystals, perfectly pure, and
freed from colour.
This salt is prepared from pyroligneous acid and litharge,
which, when combined and purified by repeated crystal-
lizations, yields such crystals as are exhibited. The salt
is extensively employed in the colouring arts, especially
in calico printing, and is also a powerful medicinal agent.
It is highly poisonous.
122 Stevenson, J. C, Jarrow Chemical Worh,
South Shields — ^Manufacturer.
Large crystal of soda.
123
Riley, E., Museum of Practical Gcolojji/, Piccadilly,
and Wandsuxnih, Surrey — Pi-oducer.
Specimens of hippuric acid and compoimds.
124 Greenish, T., 20 New Street, Dorset Square —
Manufacturer.
Superphosphate of iron; a new preparation of iron re-
cently introduced by Dr. Routh, supposed to be the same
salt contained in the blood. It is free from any ferru-
ginous taste, and so, well adapted for children; believed
to be more speedy in its action than the other salts of
iron in cases of nervous debility, where there is a large
quantity of phosphates voided by the urine, probably
because it supplies directly to the brain the phosphorus,
on the undue diminution of which the nervous derange-
ment depends. Syrup of superphosphate of iron, adapted
for admmistering the remedy to cUldren, and probably
the best form for general use.
Syrup of poppies, deprived of vegetable albuminous
matter, without injury to its medicinal properties; it
may by this means be kept without the possibility of
fermentation.
Syrup of saffron, deprived of vegetable albumen, so
that it may be kept without the deposition of the colour-
ing matter.
Tincture of columba and tincture of hops. Both tinc-
tures are deprived of the albumen, and perfectly bright.
125 Trix, J., Exeter — Producer.
Extract of henbane from the wild herb.
120 Dixon, Son, & Co., Newton Heath, Manchester —
Producers. Arthur Allbrioht— Patentee.
Specimens of matches, made with Professor A.
Schrotter's amorphous phosphorus. These matches oi'e
free from offensive smell, and from efiluvia injurious to
the workera while they oi'o making them. They give
out a brilliant and sure light, when rubbed on the
sanded part of the box. They will not take damp so
readily as matches iniide in the usual way. They will
keep in hot or cold climates, and in dry or com-
paratively damp places. They are as cheaply and easily
mode as the common matches, and are less liable to
fire in the process of making. They can be made to
light sulphured wood, or stearine matches. The patent
Sleety phosphorus employed in their manufacture may
be known by its producing no light in the dark under
400 degrees.
SUBSTANCES USED AS FOOD.
INTRODUCTION.
Host of the objects exhibited in this Glass are so familiar as to require little preliminary notice. Substances
used as food are derived either from the animal or from the vegetable kingdom, and may, consequently, be
arranged under these two divisions — Animal and Vegetable. The latter are necessarily the most varied, and
the most important. Vegetable substances used as food may be arranged imder the following heads: —
A. Agricultural produce, such as cereals, pulses, oils, seeds, &c. ; B. Dried fruits and seeds ; C. Substances
used in the preparation of drinks ; D. Intoxicating drugs, fermented liquors, &c. ; E. Spices and condiments ;
P. Substances belonging to the starch ; and G. Substances belonging to the sugar series. Preserved meats,
soups, honey, gelatine, &c., belong to the subdivision of animal substances.
This Class is situated in South Gallebt P, and is entered immediately on leaving the preceding Class,
situated in the same gallery. Like the last, the amount of space occupied by it is very moderate, but the sub-
stances it comprises are interesting, and deserve attention, not, as in the last case, from their connection with
commercial enterprise and prosperity, but from their relation to the support and healthy condition of the
artificer himself.
The Class comprises a variety of agricultural produce — wheats of various kinds and of differing degrees of
productiveness, together with specimens illustrative of the remarkable effect of hybridization, or the crossing of
one variety of wheat with the pollen of another. Wheat is also shown in its various states of preparation for
the purposes of food, or for the preparation of fermented liquors. Extensive collections of seeds of grasses,
fodder-plants, and others for cattle food, are also exhibit d, together with an arranged series of the vegetable
productions of Scotland, including plants cultivated for their farinaceous seeds ; plants cultivated for their
herbage or forage, for their roots, for their uses in the arts, manufactures, &c., for their medicinal properties,
and for their timber. Preserved fruits and seeds of various countries are also contained within this Class, repre-
senting those articles of luxury removed by their character and costliness out of the ordinary category of
himian food. Specimens of hops of different varieties, adapted for different purposes, are also shown, and repre-
sent a department of agriculture more important in this country than in any other in the world. It has been
estimated that upyrards of 52,000 acres of land are devoted in England to the cultivation of this plant, about
the half of which is in the county of Kent. The duty on hops amounts to about a quarter of a million sterling
annually.
A variety of substances used in the preparation of drinks is comprised in this Class. Siiecimens of different
kinds of cocoas, in the natural and manufactured state, of coffee, and of tea, represent the ingredients con-
tributing to form the liquid diet of millions of the bximan race, and each containing, according to recent
discoveries, a peculiar nitrogenous principle, identically similar in each, though recxmiised under different
names. New substances are also shown, intended to form substitutes for these articles. Starches, spices, and
condiments represent the remaining division of vegetable substances.
The division — animal substances — includes a variety of articles of preserved food ; among these are cases con-
taining footl preserved in air-exhausted canisters for lengthened periods. Isinglass, gelatine, honey, preserved
80ui)8 and meats, belong also to this division. There are also some preparations from blood, and combinations
of vegetable and animal substances for the purposes of food, together with milk reduced by evaporation to a
dried s'lte.—R. E.
1 LiGHTON, James, Frampton, near Boston, Lincolnshire —
Producer.
Qlasa of honey, 19 lbs., produced under an improved
system of bee management.
The honey is worked in the glass by the bees, and the
glass requires no protection except a small piece of block
calico, 18 inches square, to stand upon.
2 DouBLEDAr, H., Coggcshall, £ss«x— Producer.
Fine specimen of honeycomb.
3 CARMrroN, Edward, ninris, Lisbum, Ireland—
Producer.
Specimen of camomile flowers.
4 Bentlet, John Flowers, Stamford, Lincoln —
Producer.
Specimens of honey in the comb, free from pollen nnd
brood cells, collected under Nutts' system of manage-
ment, by ventilation. The weight of the pro<luce of one
stock of bees in 1849 is stated to have been 50 lbs.
Class 3.— SUBSTANCES USED AS FOOD.
Sooth Gallery.
201
The accompanying out repreaenta the combs produced
in the glass hives of the exhibitor.
5 'Kitchener, \Vm. Cripps, Nemnnrket, Cambridgeshire
— Producer and Inventor.
Two specimens of honey token in 1850, from the same
hive, and at the same time.
Ventilated communicator, for obtaining honey free
from impurity or discoloration.
6 DuTTON, Robert William, 146 Fleet Street—
Proprietor.
A glass containing a honeycomb.
6 a Hamilton, Oeoroe & Peter, Oldham —
Manufacturers.
Specimens showing the different stages in the manu-
facture of flour from the wheat to the biscuit.
7 Hills &; Underwood, Eastchcap—lnyentora
and Manufacturers.
Samples of malt vinegar when first acetified, and when
clarified ; samples of brown malt vinegar, distilled viuegai',
and distilled vinegar with vegetables.
8
BiVEN 8c Co., St. John's Lane, Gloucester —
Manufacturers.
Six bottles of champagne wine, manufactured in Eng-
land from rhubarb stalk.
IC
Roberts, William Henry, British Wine Works,
Laverock Bank, Edinburgh — Maker.
Samples of " champagne and sparkling hock," made in
1847 from Valentia raisins, grapes, sugar, sugar-candy,
and honey, the extract being duly fermented.
" Madeira," made in 1836, from malt and sugar extract.
" Constantia and Frontignac," made from Valentia
raisins, sugar, and sugar-candy. The " Frontiguao " is
flavoured by an infusion of elder flowers distilled.
" Keeping beer," brewed in February, 1845, and Oc-
tober, 1847.
In the manufacture of this beer, which was not made
for sale, sugar was introduced as an auxiliary to the
malt and hops. Its value in this connection is great, as
the beer thus brewed will keep sound for an unlimited
period. The method of manufacture is described in two
works published by the exhibitor, viz., the " Scottish
Ale Brewer and Practical Maltster," and the British
" Wine Maker and Domestic Brewer."
11
Copland, Barnes, & Co., 46 Ilotolph Lane,
Kastchcap — Producers.
Specimens of a new process of preserving fruits, jams,
jollies, provisions, &c. These are hermetically sealed,
and retain for years all their freshness of flavotir and
?uality; and are prepared for use in the E^t and West
ndies, and other tropical climates ; also for passenger
ships on long voyages.
12
Gamble, John Henry, 33 Rogal Exchange —
Manufacturer.
Canister, conttdning boiled mutton, found by Captain
Sir John Ross, on Fury Beach, in latitude 72 deg. 47 min.,
and longitude 91 deg. 50 min. This is one of the canis-
ters of preserved food, prepared by the exhibitor for the
Arctic Expedition in 1824. It was landed from H.M.S.
" Fury," on the beach where the ship was wrecked in
Prince R^ent's Inlet, and found by Captain Sir John Ross,
in August, 1833, still in a perfect state of preservation,
although annually exposed to a temperature of 92 deg.
below, and 80 deg. above, zero. In 1849, when Captain
Sir James Ross visited Prince Regent's Inlet in H.M.S.
" Investigator," he found the provisions still in excellent
condition. That the canister exhibited has been pre-
served above twenty-six years, and is still fit for food, is
attested by Captain Sir John Ross. The food in this
canister was preserved without salting.
Three canisters of preserved mutton and vegetables,
preserved by the same process by Donkin, Hall, and
Gamble, at Blue Anchor Road, Bermondsey, in the year
1813.
Canisters of preserved fresh beef, mutton, and veal ;
of fresh milk, cream, and custardis; of fresh carrots,
green peas, turnips, beetroot, stewed mushrooms, and
other vegetables; of fresh salmon, oysters, cod-fish,
haddock, and other fish; and of real turtle soup, mock-
turtle soup, ox-tail and other soups.
Preserved hams for use in India, China, &c.
Callipash, callipee, and green fat for making real turtle
soup, all preserved by the same process. Also soup and
bouilli, for emigrants and troops at sea.
Pheasants, partridges, &c., preserved. The whole pre-
served so as to keep in any clunate, and for an unlimited
length of time.
[This method is the invention of M. Appert, in France,
and was first practised in England by Messrs. Donkin,
Hall, and Gamble. The process consists in placing the
partially -cooked provisions into tin canisters, with a little
bouillon or juice of the meat, then soldering on the
covers, which have a small hole perforated therein. The
tins are, after this, immersed, to a great portion of their
depth, in a saline-bath heated above the boiling point of
water, and left therein until the air has been expelled as
completely as possible by the steam generated within
them; the hole in the cover is now hermetically closed
with a little solder, the tin 1: • '.ng momentarily touched
nith a damp sponge to stop the egress of steam. The
minute portion of oxygen still remaining in the tins
enters into combination with the animal or vegetable
matter at the induced temperature, and thus, further
change is prevented. After the sealing of the tins, they
are submitted to the ordeal of the testing-room, heated
to a temperature above 100° Fahr. ; if putrefaction takes
place, the generated gases burst the tins, but those which
pass uninjured remain perfectly good. — W, D. L. R.]
13 CoLQDHODN, J. L., Lieut.-Col., R,A, — Producer.
Frviit of the plantain {Mma paradisiaca) dried in the
sun when fully ripe, and in that state analogous to the
dried fig, raism, date, &c. ; from the province of Jalisco
(GuadalajaiTa), Mexico, called " Platano pasado."
It is prepared in considerable quantities in the hot
region (tierra calientc) of the western coast of Mexico,
for consumption in the elevated districts of the interior.
The specimen exhibited was imported in 183,5, and is
the remainder of a package of 75 lbs. weight, made up as
customary in the leaves and fibre of the plant, after
202
Class 8.— SUBSTANCES USED AS FOOD.
South Gallery.
[United
having been Bubjooted to considerable pressure. The cost
of production is very moderate.
14 Smith, Michael, Copper Alley, Dublin. (Agent in
London, J. Kkndell, S Harp Lane, Oreat Toaer
Street) — Producer.
Preserved pig; large and small hams, cur«d upon the
*' mild-cure" principle.
15 RiTCHis & McCall, 137 Ifoundsditch — Producers.
Specimens of preserved meats, poultry, fish, &c., the
produce of the United Kingdom ; and of beef, the produce
of Moldavia, preserved at Ghilatz. " Goldiier's Patent."
The process is by forming a vacuum in the canister
by means of steam, and preserving the meat, &c., in that
vacuum.
[It is a well-knowu fact that, in the absence of atmo-
spheric oxygen, putrefaction is suspended, often entirely
so. Such is the principle upon which the patent here
adverted to depends. The vacuum must be very complete
to render the preservation of food successful. — R. E.j
17
Clat, Johh, Woodley Com Mills, Bridbury, near
Edgeley, Stockport — Producer.
Specimens of maize or Indian com, with a specimen
of American hominy produced from Maize, as used in
America ; imported at Liverpool from New York.
Specimens of English manufactured hominy from
maize, and maize flour as a substitute for rice, flour,
meal, potato, &o.
20 Lbonabd, J. & T. P., //;«//— Proprietors.
Beef, prepared, cured, and rolled, so as to keep good
for any length of time. The process of curing and mode
of preparing were invented by John Tupling, in the
exhibitors' employ.
21 Warriner & SoTER, 7 Upper St. Martin's Lane~
Producers.
Osmazone, or essence of meat.
22 Payne & Son, 328 R<.jent Street — Importers
and Manu tacturers.
Specimens of curry powde.-, curry paste, mulligatawny
paste, Delhi chutnee, and curry sauce. Pickled mangoes
{Mungifera), Limes (Citrus aciJa), bamboo (Hambiiaa),
and green and red bird's-eye chili, from the Blast Indies.
Bengal Club chutnee and curry and mulligatawny pastes,
manufactured in Calcutta. Putachia nut and kernel {Pis-
tacitt), used in confectionery, East Indies. Cashew nut
(iln<icar(^iu»t),We8t Indies. Betel nut, the fruit of the ilreca
catechu. East Indies. Soy bean {Sqja A.'-pWa), from
which soy is made. Wild liquorice seed (UtycyrrhUa).
Turmeric root and prepared turmeric (Curcuma), E^t
Indies. Dahl, a species of lentil, much used in India.
Paddy, rice in the hxisk. Oram (Cicer arietinum). Pre-
served ginger, from the East and West Indies ; candied
ginger, China; green ginger, West Indies. Cum-quot, or
China orange, preserved in China. Ouava jelly, Jamaica.
Litchis, East Indies.
23 Underwood, O. H., Pendleton, Manchester —
Inventor and Proprietor.
Preserved meat. This article is preserved without the
use of salt, and it may be kept an indefinite length of
time without deteriorating its quality; when cooked, it
retains its nutritious qualities, and eats almost as fresh as
recently -killed meat.
24 LiNRLATER, J., 5 Sidney Street, Commercial Road—
Producer.
Specimens of preserved meats.
26 Whitney, James, Calver Hill, Hereford— Invontov.
Beef preserved in a dry state, peculiarly adapted for
the use of sailors, being free from salt.
27 Weatherley, H., 54 Theobald's ifoad- Manufacturer.
Specimens of honey -drops.
27a Wheeler, Frederick, Rochester — Importer.
Specimens of free-labour produce, as distinguished
from the slave-labour produce of Cuba, Carolina, Brazil,
&c.
28 Snowden, Robert, City Road and East Road-
Inventor and Patentee.
Samples of coffee, showing the woody fibre.
Sample of the whole berry cofiee, roasted in patent
enamelled cylinders.
Specimen of the crushed berry, showing the woody fibre,
which is removed before grinding, by patent process.
Sample of the woodv fibre removed from the heart of
the coffee berry, which, by the ordinary processes, is
ground -'p with the coffee.
Sampie of patent purified coffee nibs, ready for grinding.
29 Lebaioce, Honors, 10 Little Titchfield Street—
Importer and Manufacturer.
Trinidad cocoa pod; cocoa from Orenada, St. Lucia, red
Trinidad, grey IMnidad, Quyaquil, Maragnan, Caracas;
Jamaica sugar, lump sugar, powdered sugar, arrow-root,
tapioca; Icelaud moss; Persian salep; cinnamon from
Ceylon; cassia from China; vanilla from Mexico.
Chocolate and cocoa, showing the various stages of
manufactures: roasted cocoa, cocoa nibs, cocoa milled,
butter of cocoa, cocoa mixed with sugar, chocolate, coooa
powder, chocolate powder.
Chocolate of different kinds and shapes, and coffee.
Samples of chocolate for invalids. Imitfktions of Lisbon,
Italian, and Spanish chocolate, in cake. Fancy chocolate
in drops, silvered, marbled, &o. Vanilla, coffee, cin-
namon, pistachioB, liqueurs, pralines, cream, cigars, tus.
Cake of chocolate, three hundred pounds weight.
30 Paris Chocolate Company, 252 Regent Street —
Manufacturers.
Large and small tablets of chocolate, of various qua-
lities.
Bourbon chocolate, of different kinds and qualities.
French syrup of all kinds of fruit; almond and gum
syrup.
New chocolate-pot; new coffee-pot; and other articles.
Chocolate is said to be superior to cocoa in powder,
or, as it is aclled, "soluble cocoa," for its nutritive
qualities, and its facility of digestion. The new chocolate-
pot is intended to render the preparation of this article
for food more easy over a common coal fire.
31 Fry, Joseph Storks, & Sons, Bristol— Prodvcera.
Specimens of the leaves, flowers, branches, and other
parts of the cocoa-tree (from Trinidad) Theobroma Cacao
(Theobroma signifies "Food of the Gods").
Trunk of the cocoa tree.
Cocoa, or cacao nuts.
Specimens of the ripe fruit from Trinidad and Grenada,
with some cut open, showing the nuts within the pods.
Cocoa nuts — dai'k red, grey, pale red, and Spanish
cured, imported from Tiinidad.
Cocoa nuts — dark, ripe, and bright; imported from
Granada.
Cocoa nuts — imported from Guayaquil and Para.
Other varieties from South America.
Vanilla pods from South America, used for giving a
flavour to chocolate.
Roasted cocoa nuts from Trinidad and Orenada.
Husks of the nuts, called in commerce " cocoa shell."
The kernel of the nuts, called in commerce " cocoa
nibs."
Pure chocolate and cocoa, ground and fit for use.
Specimens of some of the chief varieties of chocolate
and cocoas. Paste chocolate. Broma and chocolate
powder. Granulated, soluble, and flaked cocoa.
View of Port of Spain, in Trinidad, the principal ship-
ping port of cocoa.
View of Naparima in Trinadad, the chief locality for
the growth of cocoa.
IllustratioiiH of the cocoa tree.
32
33
35
KiNODOM.]
Clabb 8.— substances USED AS FOOD.
South Gallery.
208
Drawing, showing the prooegaea of the manufacture of
chocolate and cocoa.
View of a "drying house" and "cocoa walk" at Arima,
in Trinidad, which was constructed solely with the tim-
ber of one single tree of the cedar kind.
[Theobrotna cacao is the tree which yields the cocoa of
commerce. It belongs to the natural order Byttneriaceoe.
Largo forests of this tree, which does not attain a
great size, exist in Trinidad, from which island, in 1841,
upwards of two million poimds were imported into Oreat
Britain. The total imports in the same year were upwards
of three million pounds. — ^R. E.]
32 White, George Bailet, 147 Shoreditch — Importer
and Manufacturer.
Different specimens of the West India cocoa, raw,
roasted, and manufactured. Chocolate in its various
stages of manufacture, with samples of the different
kinds.
33 Shinton, Richard, 29 Spencer Street, St, Qeorgti's-
in-the-East — Inventor.
Samples of fine cocoa, free from all deleterious pro-
perties.
34 MoNTBiBO, Luis Antonio, 2 Upper Phiilimore Place,
Kensington — Manufacturer.
Samples of sweetened chocolate, made of Caraofuw
cocoa, without any adulteration or farinaceous admixture;
of Caraccas and British West India cocoas; and of British
West India Islands' cocoa. Chocolate lozenges and con-
fection of Caraccas cocoa, with other ingredients.
35
Lane, William Ratnerd, 226 Strand—
Inventor and Manufticturer.
Essence of coffee, manufactiu'ed by a machine invented
by the exhibitor.
36 Grct, Benjamin, 1 Sambrook Court — Importer.
Cocoa (Theobroma cacao), a variety known in commerce
as Caraccas cocoa; little known in England, and consumed
chiefly by the Spaniards of Spain and South America.
It is produced on a plantation in the interior of New
Granada; will keep in any climate, and improve with
age, if kept safe from moisture.
37 BcDD, Joshua Thomas, 82 Mount Street, Grosvenor
— Square — ^Manufacturer.
Extract of cocoa.
38
Benham, W. a., Cross Street, Queen's Square,
Bloomsbury — Producer.
Samples of Trinidad cocoa in its separate stages; the
cocoa-nut (cacao), in its raw state, as imported from Tri-
nidad; the nut as roaf ed; nibbed and divested of its
outer bark or shell; and finally, its manufactured
state.
[The consumption of cocoa, as an article of food, has
greatly increased within the last few years. The West
Indian kinds generally contain a larger proportion of the
peculiar fatty matter (oil or butter of cocoa) than that
which comes from New Grenada, and consequently are
not so much valued. It forms a very digestible nutri-
tious aliment, containing a peculiar azotized compound,
T/ieobromine, analogous to that contained in tea and coffee.
—J. W.]
39 Benson, W., 133 Oxford Street— Importer.
Samples of Flor de Cabanas, Martinez, and Havanna
cigars. Samples of tobacco.
40
Lambert & Butler, 141 atid 142 Drury Lane —
Manufacturers.
Tobacco imported from America, Havanna, Holland,
&o. ; and specimens of the aiticles manufactured from it.
[The total quantities of tobacco retained for home con-
sumption, in 1842, amounted to nearly seventeen million
pounds. Professor Schleiden gives a singular illustration
of the quantity of tobacco consumed. North America
alone produces annually upwards of two hundred million
pounds of tobacco. The combustion of this mass of
vegetable material would yield about .S40 million pounds
of carbonic acid gas, so that the yearly produce of carbonic
acid gas from tobacco-smoking alone cannot be estimated
at less than 1,000 million pounds — a large contribution
to the annual demand for this gas, made upon the atmo-
sphere by the vegetation of the world. — R. E.]
41 Bremner k Till, 60 Fenchur<A StreH — Producers.
Samples of tobacco.
42 Jonas & Brothers, 42 and 43 Leman" Street,
Whitechapel — Manufacturers.
Specimens of cigars of home manufacture; and of
tobacco, imported from the Havanna ; with samples of
the raw material.
43
Jones, Ben., & Co., 39 Brunswick Square
— Importers.
Chest of foreign cigprs, and various smaller boxes of
British manufactured cigars.
44 LuNDY Foot & Co., Dublin — Inventors and
Manufacturers.
Snuff: Lundy Foot's high toast, Scotch, and stalk
snuff, made solely from the leaf and stalk of Virginia
tobacco. Cavendish, negrohead, and other fonus of
tobacco, manufactured in imitation of the foreign or
American.
45 Taylor, Thomas Georoe, Grove Street, Hackney —
Grower and Manufacturer.
Tobacco of English growth and manufacture. Leaves
of the plant prepared by •^xposu'^ in a confined, dry,
light, and warm place. Samples of manufactured tobacco
dressed with treacle and oil. Cigars, free from di-essing.
Snuff, resembling high-dried Welsh, pure. The st m of
the leaf roasted and ground.
[The botanical name of the tobacco plant is Nicotiana
tabacum. Its cultivation in England is said by Mr. Lou-
don to be restricted to the extent of half a pole, and that
only for botanical or medicinal purposes. — R. E.]
46
Hyams, M., 79 Long Lane, City — Manufacturer
and Inventor.
Cigai's solely of British manufacture. Samples of ci-
gars mode of Havaunah leaf, Columbian and Cuba tobacco,
&c. A sample of straw cigars, as made in London, up to the
year 1837, to show the improvement in the make of cigars.
Au improved cutting-board for making cigars. A case of
clay pipes, the large bowls made of clay from the river
Thames. A nest of racks ; a model used for drying cigars.
Implements for bundling and pressing cigars. A table
cigar-case. A specimen carrot of Cuba leaf tobacco. Small
samples of leaf tobacco, the produce of Columbia, Giron,
Havannah, Germany, Florida, Maryland, &c. Sample of
tobacco in its original state, and after having been adulte-
rated with a preparation for flavoring.
47 Sales, Pollard, & Co., 57 Bed Cross Ctreet,
Cripplegatc — Manufacturers.
Cigars manufactured from Yara tobacco. It is shipped
from the port of Manzanilla.
48 Auckland tc Topliss, Barrington Crescent,
Brixton — Inventors and Manufacturers.
Specunens of "the aromatic cigoiilla," for the use of
smokers, being composed chiefly of British hurbs, and
diffusing an agi-eeable perfume. Other aromatic and
medicinal cigars,
904
Class 3.— SUBSTANCES USED AS POOD.
South Gau.ery.
[Unitrd
49 CoHKN & Obb, 41 St, Jnmts's Street — Importers.
Raw tobacco, and tobacco made into cigars by hand-
labour at Havauna.
50 GooDfs, George & Samugl, 12 PHno(f a Street,
Spitaljields — Manufacturers.
Samples of British manufactured cigars ; also,
arranged series, showing the process of manufacture.
62
an
Richardson Brothers, Edinburgh —
Manufacturers.
Tobacco, imported from Virginia into Leith.
Specimens of the raw material, as imported with the
stalk on it, known as "leaf," or " unsteu uied," tobacco;
of the stalk extracted; and of "strip," or "stemmed"
tobacco, which, after being damped with water, is manu-
factured into "twist," and mode up into rolls; a cord
is then wrapped round each 150, and put into a press
for about a month, under a pressure of nearly five tons.
The article, then, is "roll" tobacco.
Leaf tobacco and stalh.
Snuffs: black rappee, Scotch, and brown rbppee.
53 The London Spice Trade — Importers.
Samples of spices and the places of shipment : —
No. I. Mace, from Penang.
No. 2 — 4. Nutmegs; brown, from Penang; luned, from
Batavia; and wild, from Singapore.
Nos. 5 — 7. Cloves, from Penang, Amboyna (Dutch
produce), and Zanzibar.
Nos. 8, 9. Cinnamon, from Ceylon.
Nob. 10, 11. Cassia, from Canton.
No. 12. Pimento, from Jamaica.
Nos. 13 — 17. Black pepper, from Bombay, Tellicherry,
Singapore, and Batavia.
Nos. 18 — 21. White pepper, from Tellicherry, Penang,
Sicgaporo, and liatavia.
Nos. 22 — 27. Ginger, from Jamaica, Cochin China,
Calcutta, Sierra Leone, and Bombay.
Nos. 28 — 30. Carraway seeds, from Holland and Moga-
dore, and English.
Nob. 31, 32. Coriander seeds, from Madras, and
English.
54 Faulkner, Richard & Charixs, 44 Jermyn Street,
St. Jnmes' — Manufacturers.
Specimens of English tart fruits, preserved in bottles,
without sugar.
55 FoRTNCH, Mason, & Co., 182 Piccadilltf —
Importers.
Preserved and dried fruits, and edible seeds, from
various countries. Varieties of honey.
56 Clemens, John, 25 Mincing Lane, and Malaga —
Producer.
Specimens of Jordan almonds and raisins.
58 Spur, George, /?oston— Manufacturer.
Specimens of linseed cake prepared from English
linseed.
58a Grace, D, Brighton — Patentee.
Specimens of patent mushroom spawn.
59
Richardson, Timothy, & Sons, 6 Duhe Street,
SoiUhwark — ft-oprietors.
1. Oolding hops, grown in the district called " Tlie
Hill," in Mid-Kent, used for the finest ales.
2. Golding hops, grown in East Kent, used for the
same purpose as No. 1.
3. Oold'jn hops, grown in the heart of Mid-Kent, and
used fci the best brown beers.
4. Jones's hops, grown in various parts both of Kent
and Sussex.
5. Grape hops, also grown generally through the hop
plantations.
6. Colegate hops, a hardy plant, but of inferior flavour;
the cultivation of it has luuch increased of lute years.
7—9. Hops grown in Essex, Suffolk, and Worcester.
[These hops are samples of the varieties in most estima-
tion for the purposes of the brewer. The Goldings take
their name from that of the grower who first introduced
them ; they are considered to be the finest, richest, and
most valuable in the market, varying, however, according
to the soil in which they are grown, and the treatment they
receive. Jones's are of a shorter growth than the others,
and are thus uBeful by enabling the grower to make use
of the poles which would be too short for the Goldings
or other varieties. Colegates are hardy, but backward at
harvest, running much to vine, and capable of growing in
comparatively poor soils. These qualities are, however,
of advantage, as the inferior soils may thus bo beneficially
occupied by them, and their luurvest takes place after the
finer sorts are all in. The grape hop takes its name from
its habit of growing in clusters like the grape. It is
hardy, not so particular as to soil as the Goldings, and is
generally very productive in yield. — J. W.]
60 Ashburnhah, Juliana, The Dowager Lady,
lirootnham, near Hustings — Producer.
A bag of hops, grown within three miles of the sea, in
the parish of Guestling, Sussex.
61 Attpield, Charles, Famhnm — Producer.
Pocket of Famham hops.
02 Paine, J. M., Famham, Sitrrey — Producer.
Samples of hops of the "Golding" and "Famham
white bine" varieties, grown at Fanmam. Other speci-
mens are exhibited in Class 1, in connection with the rich
phoBphoric fossils which abound in the neighboarhood
where these hops are cultivated.
63 Golding, Robert, Ilunim, Maidstone —
Manufacturer.
Pocket of Mid-Kent hops.
64 Plomley, Francis, MaidstoM — Designer.
Drawing of a magnified view of the formation and
growth of the hop fungus, from its earliest to its latest
stage.
65 Masters, Algernon, IhnbriJge — Proprietor.
Four branches of dried hops. Samples of the same.
66 Peterson, Thomas, Trinity Chamfiers, Wafer Lam;
Ihiccr Street — Agent.
Specimens of oilseed cakes. Vegetable oils and ma-
68
Burn, Robert, North Aferchiston House, Edinburgh
— Importer ar.d Manufacturer.
Cotton seed, seed-cotton, with oil, and oil-cake imported
from the colonies.
[Were the cotton with the seed to be imported, and
the seed separated from it at home, it might be applied
to agricultural purposes at a great<)r profit. The cost of
seed, freight included, was 2d. per lb. from Charlestown
to Port Glasgow. Cotton oil-cake is now ordered at the
same price as linseed coke. The produce of oil-cake and
oil from cotton-seed, is two gallons of oil to one cwt. of
seed, leaving about 96 lbs. of cake ; 8 lbs. is the daily
allowance for cattle in England. The exhibitor has a
machine at work at Port Glasgow for extracting or sepa-
rating seed from cotton wool.]
70 Sheppard, Alfred, fpswich — Proprietor.
"Eggshell white" wheat, and "Chevalier" malting
barley, grown in Sufiblk. Malt manufactured at Ipswich.
72
KiNODOH.]
Class 8.— SUBSTANCES USED AS FOOD.
South Gallery.
205
Wheat 65 lb«. per biwhel ; chevalier bat-ley 56 Ib». per
buahel; and malt 43 Ibi. per bushel.
71 The Tbitbo Local Committke — Producers.
Specimens of Cornish agricultural graius:— Black bar-
ley, skinless barley, grown and supplied by J. D. Gilbert,
Ewi., of Trelissick, near Truro. Indian com, grown and
supplied by Colonel Scoble, of Namsalvem, near Penzance.
Cornish red wheat, grown on the granite soils, especially
adapted to the exposed situations in the neighbourhood
of Penzance, and Cornish white wheat: the best sort to
be grown on the high and exposed land of Cornwall;
supplied by Mr. John MichoU, of Feock, near Truro.
Cornish barley, grown and supplied by the same, adapted
for malting and grinding purposes. Agricultural produce,
grown and supplied by the Rev. R. M. N. Eusticke, of
Penwame, in Mawnan, adapted for feeding cattle and
poultry; grown on the poor and exposed peat soils of
Cornwall.
72 Wbbp, Richard, Calcot Furm, Heading—
Producer.
Mummy Talavera wheat. Three grains of this wheat
are said to have been found in the hand of an Egyi)tian
mummy, and sent to Mr. Dobree, Pi-esident of the Agri-
cultural ' (ciety in Guernsey, who planted the same in
his garuia, and forwarded the produce to Col. Blagreve
tlie following year. This produce he has successfully
gi-own as a spring crop, and from it the present sample,
grown by the e^bitor, is a specimen, the quality and
crop being alike good.
[Much doubt has been raised aa to the origin of the
mummy wheats. The Egyptian wheat {Triticum compo-
situm) is very different from the 'variety of common
wheat (Tr. xmlgare), called "Talavera." The Egyptian
wheat has a head composed of three spikes, one erect in
the centre, similar to the common wheat, and on either
side another, not quite so large, attached to the base of
the centre, and standing out at a small angle from it.
Our climate is not suited to its growth, as, in the course
of one or two years, the side spikes entirely disappear,
and a coarse, thick-skinnnd grain is produced. — J. W.]
Specimen of the Wellington apple.
73 Ratnbibd, Robert, Hengrave, near Bury St.
Edmunds — Producer.
SackiOf Kessingland wheat, grown upon a light soil, at
Hengrave, Suffolk; this is a productive and new variety
of wheat.
Sack of Chevalier barley, grown at Hengrave.
Sack of tick beans with white eyes, grown at Hengrave;
a variety, called "Manchester white eyes."
74 Ratnbird, Hcoh, Laventoke, Andover Road,
Hampshire — Producer.
Specimens of wheat produced bjr hybridization.
Specimens of Hopetoun and Piper's thickset wheat —
the variety from which the hybrids were obtained, by fer-
tilizing its pistils with pollen from the stamens of the
Hopetoun wheat. To effect this, the stamens of the
flower of the thickset variety were removed before they
liad reached maturity, by opening each of the glumes and
carefully picking out the stamens upon the point of a
needle: the pistils of the flower being left perfect, were a
few days afterwords fertilized by dusting them with the
pollen from stamens brought from the Hopetoun variety
of wheat; this produced a great number of varieties, par-
taking more or less of the parent stocks, and from these
the four specimens exhibited were selected.
[In the hybridization of plants experiments are always
of much interest, and often productive of very important
results, as the good qualities of two varieties may be
obtained, or their bad qualities be counteracted. Hybrids
obtained by the judicious intermixture of species, fre-
quently produce seeds capable of giving origin to plants
combining the oharaoters of the two different parents;
but hybrids produced by species closely allied but really
distinct gradually lapse into the one or the other of the
originals, and thus become extinct. — J. W.]
75 Kendall, John, Treverlin, Tniro, Cornwall —
Producer.
Sheaf of white wheat, named " The giant straw wheat;"
grown by the exhibitor in quantities of from lU to 15 acres
for the last 10 years. This wheat is stated to have pro-
duced, on an average, 60 bushels per acre. Its supe-
riority consists in the length, size, and stiffness of the
straw, and in its abundant produce.
77 Taylor, John, ft Son, Bishop Stortford, Herts—
Manufacturers.
Varieties of malt, viz.: —
Amber, used in brewing ordinary ales and porter.
Coloured, used for same purpose.
White, used in brewing pale ales.
Brown, used in brewing porter to give it flavour and
colour.
[The various colours described are given to the malt by
the different temperatures to which it is submitted after
the germination is stopped. The essential oil contained
in the barley is acted upon by heat, and different flavours
are also produced. In the brown molt the saccharine
matter is partially coi'bouized, and a peculiar empyreu-
matic flavour obtained. — J. W.]
78 Weluman, John, Moulton, near Newmarket —
Manufacturer.
Sample of pale malt, manufactured from Chevalier
barley.
79 Maund, Benjamin, F.L.S., Bromsgrove —
Producer.
Specimens of wheat, ai-tificialljr hybridized, showing
that its exterior form, and probably its chemical proper-
ties, con be modified, and its productiveness improved.
80 Wrench, R., & Son, London Bridge — Producers.
Specimens of vai'ious kinds of grain most familiar to
the London market.
82
Payne, H., Birdbrook Moat, near Hahtead —
Producer.
Varieties of grain.
83 Strange, William, Banbury — Producer.
Samples of beans grown, in 1850, on stiff clay soil,
without phosphate of lime or magnesia, and in cultivation,
with 22 per cent, of phosphate of lime and magnesia.
85 Milne, Wm., Shynie, ScoWaju/— Producer.
One quarter of Scotch barley oats.
86 WAI.KER, William, Mossat, near Aberdeen —
Producer.
Sample of Kildrummie oats,
88 ConsENS, S., Great Bentlei/, near Colchester —
Producer.
White wheat, new variety; weight of imperial bushel,
64 lbs. net.
90 Fox, John James, Devizes — Proprietor.
Specimens of red straw-white Essex wheat, and of
Nursery, Lammas, and Talavera red wheat, grown in
Wiltshire. ,
90a Cahill, M., Ballyraggit, Kilkenny— Prodacer.
Samples of whea oats, and barley -^'vn at Grove,
Kilkenny.
91 Stevens, Ricwarp, Stamford— Vrodncer.
Sample of wheat, ^oUywoaton white.
[".1
[Official Illisteaikd Catalooie.
206
Clash 3.— SUBSTANCES USED AS FfX)D.
South Oallkby.
[Unitkd
92 Crouohton, William Pgkl, Tenterdon, Kent —
Producer.
Hoary white whont; prwluoe stated to be over Ave
quarters per acre.
Golden pod bean*; produce, from which the Munpio is
taken, stated at four quarters and six bushels per acre,
93 AaPRKV, James, Sandleford, near Neicbury, Herh —
Producer.
White trump wheat, grown on a Tery poor soil ; weight,
07 Iba. per bushel.
94 FoRDBAM, Thomas, Snelatnnre ffill East, near
Ncirhury — Producer.
Samples of hybridized white wheat; weiglit stated to bo
60J lbs. per bushel.
Prolific beans; weight stated to be 70 lbs. per bushel.
95 JiraoN, W., Bed Hill, Shrewsbury — Producer.
Samples of groin and fine flour.
08 Keene, Wiluam, 42 Comhill — Proprietor.
Specimens of the " forty-day maiiie" grown in England,
from new sorts cultivated by the exhibitor in ihi
Pyrenees,
99 Irwin, Elizabeth, Pallymore, Boyle, li^ mum
— Producer.
Block barley, grown at Bnllymoro, in the county of
Roscommon, Ireland, from African seed.
[Block barley is a variety of the common two-rowed
barley (M»'(i^ni distkhum). In the course of cultivation
the dark colour gradually disappears. It is a heavy
cropper, and requires care ot harvest, as, when the grain
is ripe, the straw below the ear becomes very brittle
and apt to break off.— J. W.]
100 Bexlet, Lord, Footscray, Kent — Producer.
Bushel of white chittim wheat.
102 OiBSON, Charles, Pitlochry, Perth — Producer.
Four busbelh of English barley, grown by the exhibitor
neor Pitlochry, abotit 600 feet above the level of the sea.
Hand-spun and hand-woven shepherd check plaid,
composed of natural black and white woo! from black-
faced Highland sheep.
Hand-spun and hand-woven shepherd check plaid, com-
posed of blue dyed and white wool from black-faced
Highland sheep.
103 QciLLEREZ, AcHiLif Fran;oi8, 37 Castle Street,
Edinbmyh — Producer.
The lentil, or Ernim lens of botanists — known and ex-
tensively cultivated in the earliest ages, especially in the
E^t, being probably similar to the " red pottage" of Esau.
Tlie exhibitor has cultivated lentils at South Queens-
ferry, near Edinburgh, for two yeare ; he has successfully
grown and ripened in soil manui-ed by sea-weed, the
small lentil and the large red (the common, or Egyptian),
[In Egypt, Syria, and Hindustan, lentils form at the
present day a chief article of food among the labouring
classes. They are also a common ingredient in French
cookery. — J. L.]
103a Sadler, William James, Swindon, Wilts—
Producer.
" Lawrance's prolixus," crystal white. This wheat has
qualities which are considered to render it highly deserv-
ing of cultivation. The root is adaptod to draw nourish-
ment from an unusual depth in the soil, produces a
strong straw, effectually resists the storm, affords a pro-
lific yield ; and its colour and weight are good. Yield of
sample shown, stated at 60} lbs. per b<ishel.
1 04 OiBBS, Thomas, & Co., /fulf- Moon St., Piccmlilly
— Iinixirters and Producers.
Collection of dried specimens of grasses used in laying
down land for permanent i>a8ture, with seeds of tlieHamu.
Specimens of wheat, barley, &c, ; collection of various
Hgi'ioultural, kitchen garden, and other seeds.
105 Lawson, Peter, & Sons, Edinburgh — Producers.
Specimens of the vegetable productions of Scotland,
comprahending all substances used for food in the chemi-
cal arts and medicine, in manufactures, and in house and
shi]> building.
This collection is divided into six sections, as follows ; —
1. Plants cultivated for their farinaceous seeds, to-
gether with their straw or haulm.
2. Plants cultivated for their herbage and forage.
3. Plants cultivated chieflv for their roots.
4. Plants cultivated for their uses in the arts, manu-
factures, and for vaiious economical purposes.
.'<. Plants cultivated for their medicinal properties
6. Plants cultivated for their timber.
A detailed account of each specimen is contained in n
cotplogue printed by the exhibitors.
106 Jones, O., Sedland, Bristol— Pvodncer.
Specimen of wheat, grown by spade culture and dib-
bling.
107 H.R.H. Prince Albert — Producer.
Three samples of grain grown on the Royal Farm at
Windsor, consisting of wheat, oats, and beans, one bushel
of each.
107a Wright, Hf^rt, Antitujham, near North
Walsham — Manufacturer.
Malt, manufactured from barley grown by the Rev.
Cremer Cremer, of Beeston, near Cromer, Norfolk.
108 Qeniile, Joseph Pascal, Harbertmford Works,
near Totness, Devon — Manufacturer.
Macaroni and Italian pastes. Prepared flour.
[The hard wheats are best adapted for the manufitcture
of these substances. They contain more gluten than the
soft wheats.]
Pi-epared flour and cocoa as a chocolate.
Vegeto-animal food; a compound of the nutritious prin-
ciples of meat and wheat, &;c.
110
Watt, Oeoroe, Upper Balfour, Banchory,
Scotland — Producer.
Sample of barley, grown after turnips, in a five-course
rotation, turnips, barley, hay, pasture, oats, with the
ordiuaiy farm-yard manure. Exhibited for quality.
112 Sctton, John, & Sons, Beading — Producer.
Specimens of grain. Skinless Chevalier barley, a new
variety. Purple-topped yellow hybrid turnip, voluoblu
for late sowing, as a substitute for swedes. Lincolnshire
red turnip, from the stock of Philip Pusey, Esq., M.P.
114 M'KiLLiCAN, James, Piperhill, Cawdor, Scotland
— Producer.
Sample of perennial rye-grnss seeds (Lolium perenne),
raised on the form of Piperhill, Nau'nshire. They are
the produce of the third year's crop ; weight 37 lb. 3 oz.
per bushel.
Sample of white wheat, tl " produce of the fii-st crop,
from land formerly worthless, on the same farm, manured
by 300 lbs. weight of Peruvian guano to the acre. Pro-
duce per imperial acre about five quarters ; weight per
bushel, 65 lbs. 1 oz.
115 Illinoworth, Alexander, Banchory Tcrnan,
Scotland — Producer.
English barley, weighing 59^ lbs. per bushel. Scotch
birley oats, weighing 44 lbs. per bushel. Perennial rye-
grnss seeds, weighing 30^ lbs. per bushel.
TUnited
KiNQDOM.]
Class 8.-SUBSTANCES USED AS FOOD.
South Qallkry,
907
110 Battt ft Fkaw, 15 ami 10 I'nrement, Fiitsbiiry
Siiuiire — Inventuni and Hnniifncttirora.
Vegetable productioiu prenerved in dlHtilled vinegar.
A pine apple, with roots and loaves. An ornnge-tree,
braiiohes, and frtiit, and branches of citron and fruit.
Cucumbers, grown in England. A variety of preserved
fruits and other comeHtlbles.
117 Couf AN, J. ft J., 9 College Hill, City — Manufacturers.
Specimens of starch, from wheat and rice, mustard,
British gum, indigo blue, ftc.
The "satin glaze rice-starch" of the exhibitors pos-
sesses the following advantages^ — From its extreme
fluidity it is more economical than common starch; it is
free from mucilaginous matter; it does not require boil-
ing, and the oleomess, colour, and glaze, which it
imparts are permanent. It is porticulai-ly adapted for
lace, and the finer fabrics of linen, cotton, ftc.
["British Qum" consists in reality of torrefied starch.
The granules of starch, in its ordinary form, are enveloped
in a thin pellicle, insoluble in cold water. By roasting
the starch, the membranous envelopes are burst open, and
their granular contents are then readily soluble in cold
water. It is used, among other purposes, for thickening
the colours of calico printers. — R. E.]
118 NoAK, W. ft John, Covercroft Salt Works, Droitvckh
— Manufacturers.
Sample of the brine from the salt-works at Droitwich,
obtained at the depth of 173 feet below the surface.
Specimen of rock salt: only a small quantity of this is
obtained in the neighbourhood.
Specimen of bay suit; an article supplied to druggists.
Hopper or Maldou salt; used as a dessert with wine,
instead of olives.
Coarse broad salt; exported for the fisheries.
Brisk salt; used for chemical purposes, fisheries, and
exportation.
Lymington grained salt; used for curing bacon and
butter and for exportation.
Beat cooking salt, superfine table salt, and refined table
salt; used for various domestic purposes.
Pickings, or cattle lickings, a valuable and useful ar-
ticle for sheep or cattle, which they eagerly seek after
and enjoy.
[The salt manufacture of Droitwich, Worcestershire,
existed at a very early period: it is mentioned as in
operation at the time of the Roman invasion; then it was
carried on in a primitive style, and at considerable ex-
pense. The brine-springs here extend over a very limited
space of land, and ore comprised within a circle of about
200 yards in diameter. Formerly the brine was obtained
by boring: this process made it rise to the surface and
run to waste; for, ascending through and mixing with
the fresh-water springs, it was very much lowered in
strength, and the manufacture of the salt, which was
conducted by evaporation, was attended with great ex-
pense, owing to the quantity of fuel required to vaporise
the water.
Within the last 50 years an improvement was efifected
by casing the pit with wood, and thus partially prevent-
ing the fresh water mixing with the brine. More recnntly,
the principle was introduced of sinking a shaft quite
through the fresh-water spi^ings, and then making the
bottom and sides of the pit secure with iron cylinders,
before boring down to the brine springs. By this means
the brine is obtained at its fall saturation, or about 42
parts of salt in the 100; whereas formerly it varied be-
tween 28 and 37 per cent.
The exhibitors recently obtained a patent for improve-
ments in manufacturing salt; and, by using very large
evaporating pans of on improved construction, they obtain
larger quantities of salt, at a considerabU saving of labour
to the workmen, who obtain better v/agea and longer
intervals of rest.
Tlie source of the brine in Dreitwijii is inexhaustible,
and exhibits no diminution of strenr>h or quality : it lie*
at a depth of 173 feet from the lutfaoe, but as soon as it
is reached by boring it riaeo up lr> tLo ievel. The mlt
manufiutured here is exported largely ftvm the porta of
London, Gloucester, and Bristol. There ore upwards of
70,000 tons per annum manufactured, of which 40,000
tons are used for domestic and agricultural purposes; the
remainder is used chiefly for chemical decomposition and
exportation. The Droitwich salt hoa olwaya been cele-
brated for its strength and purity.]
119 Dewab, Thomas, Newoastle-upon-Tyne—
Manufacturer.
Specimens of brown and white nmstard seed, (irom
which mustard for table use is made.
[The mustard of commerce belongs to the family of
cruciferous plants. Its introduction as on article of
extensive employment at the table, only dates from the
beginning of the last century. It is principally culti-
vated in tb« North Riding of Yorkshire.— R. E.]
120 Lew, Walter, 2 White Row, Spitalfielda—
Manufacturer.
Specimen of Taganrog wheat; the same, granulated,
with the flour and bran extracted.
Samples of moccaroui celery and vermicelli.
121 TocKEB, Richard Grant, Lentoii, near Nottingham
— Manufacturer.
Stareh, used by the laoe-dressers in Nottingham.
Gum substitute, used by cotton, silk, woollen, and
wall-paper printers, for giving consistence to colours.
Adhesive, or label gum, suitable for postage stamps.
The residue, or glutinous matter, remaining after
stareh is extracted from wheat.
[A large number of plants and vegetable substances
contain stareh. It is found in seeds, roots, tubei-s, and
stems. It is often obtained from wheat which has
become accidentally damaged. From its insolubility in
cold water, it is easily washed out of any vegetable tissue
wlvch may contain it, and thus it may be partially sepa-
rated from other substances present in the matter
operated upon. But there are some from which it cannot
be thus separated, and here, by an ingenious method, che-
mical decomposition is employed to got rid of them.
The liquor in which some of the starchy particles are
contained is allowed to ferment. By this means the
gluten, albumen, &o., become, in a great measure, dis-
solved, and the starchy particles are left unaltered, and
separate themselves by precipitation. The largest aouree
of starch of late years has been the potato, from which it
is obtained simply by rasping and washing. — R. £.]
122 Tdcker, Edward, Belfast — Manufacturer.
Glue and starch, produced at Belfast.
[The manufacture of the common and useful substance,
glue, forms an interesting branch of the industrial arts.
It is procured from the parings of hides, parcluuent, and
refuse leather of all kinds. Such matters, after a prepa-
ratory cleaning in alkaline water, are boiled in large
vessels for some time. The liquid is then run off and is
found to be charged with an impure solution of gelatine;
on cooling, the sheets of glue are left in frames to dry.
This part of the process is often singularly affected by at-
mospheric vicissitudes. The state of the air during thun-
der-storms produces a remarkable effect on the glue, and
Q2
ao8
Clam 8.— SUHSTANCKS USKO AH FOOD.
HOUTII QAM.Knv.
ri'NlTBn
oflan ipoiU the mantifiicturotl product. "Die Niibatouce
oniumerciiUly ctditKl "gelatuie" i-i « very piiro iltwcription
of kIoo obtaineil, like it, from animal ii\ibiit«noca ciurafully
leirotod nutl purified, ho na to be fitted for liuman con-
■umptiun. It haa been largely uaed of lattt aa n aubati-
tiite for isinKlnaa.— R. K.]
123 Bbown & PouioN, Thi-utltcriiifi, neitr Piiulty —
MimufacturerM.
Patent nowdor Htiu'oh, manufactured from Rago flour
(the oxhibltorH Iwin^; inventont of thiit article).
Patent Nnluble i>tmxth, groimlated, in.uiufiu.'turod from
potato flour.
Patent wheat atarch, trinimfitotured from wlieat.
Arrow loot, manufat^tured liy the eshibitora.
1 24 WoTHrimpooN, Kobf.rt, Otenjiehl fitarch Worku,
Miixii-rHttin, )i. (;• I'lualc;/ — Manufaottu^r.
Specimen of Oleniiuld patent powder Htaruli, manii-
fitotured from Migo ; a nuw material, from which the
starch ia made.
1 25 Recritt, Isaac, & Son, //'<W— Manufnoturors.
Patent imperial wheatun Htarch, white and blue.
IVitent soluble ataruh, blue and white, made from
pot,»to flour.
Patent aago atarch.
I']t: to flour, vised aa n raw material in the manufiuiture
of sttd'ch, and for stiffening Manchester calicos, muHliuH,
\-c.
Wheaten starch powder, iixed in perfumery and con-
fectionery.
12fl SiiANP & MucKABT, jVonirrw*— Producers.
Bamples of starch.
127 MiiXEB, David & Wiluam, Musselbui-gh,
near Kdinhwgh — Pro(luceiD.
Starch: household white, bleachers' wheaten, Royal
blue, audaago flour. Scotch farina, Nos. 1 and 2. Arrow-
root.
1 28 JoNM, Omjindo, ft Co., Sattersea — Inventors,
Patentees, and Manufacturers.
Specimens of starch manufactured from rice, and of
rough starch, hair powder, and gluten, obtained in the
process of manu&oture.
The process (patented in 1840) is the result of the dis-
covery that a weak caustic alkaline solution has the pro-
perty of separating starch from the gluten and fibrin with
which it is combmed in farinueoiiH substances. This
lirocess haa enabled the patentee I substitute rice for
wheat in the mauul'acture of starch: this substitution,
besides other advantages, possesses that of preserving
wheat for the more important purposes of human food.
This starch requires no boiling —a point of great import-
mice in its use; and, being less hygrometric than wheat
M irch, retains a more permanent stiffness and glaze.
Tlio r jugh starch obtained in the process is valuable for
fi iding purposes, and tor stiffening coarse fabrics.
I 29 P1M8E, Skptihcs, 43 MohjncHx St., Manjlehone —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Liictine or artificial milk, composed of yolk of eggs,
giini acacia, honey, and salad oU; manufactured by the
e.xliibitor.
Tliis material contains all the elements of natural milk
from the cow: — Caseine, albumen, gum, grape sugar, and
fatty matter. On gradually mixing it with water, it forms
eit her cream or milk, according to the rate of its dilution.
Chomically, it resembles milk in its action towards re-
agents, and, as in milk, we have the true emulsion of
fatt y matter (butter) in water, without the inte>'vention of
any alkali.
Lactine keeps well for one or two years. On being
mixed with water, it forms artificial milk, for the use of
wdloiK on a long voyage. With coffee, tea, and chocolate.
It acts like ordmary milk, from which it can Moaroely be
diiitiuguishe<l.
Pistachio nuts (Pittaciit vera) and pistachio-nut ker-
nels, from the shorea of the Mediterranean; imported by
the exhibitor. The latter forma a cooling emu lition. The
feoula, pretiared like itaroh, is used aa a cosmetic. It
ii4 vurv oily, sweeter than almonds, and is commonly
eaten in the south of Europe and in India, at the deaaert,
and for confectionery.
Pistachio-nut powder (the feoula of pistachio kernels),
iiianufaoturad by the exhibitor. This powder is used for
whitening and enamelling the skin, for removing rednesa
of the features, for drying the hands, and preventing per-
spiration— an advantageous substitute for the prepara-
tions of bismuth, largely used for the same pur|ioses.
Patchouly plant (I'lMi'ittetnon pitlchoitltj), a native of
India and China; and essence of patohouly, a p«rAimo
distilled from it by the exhibitor.
Sulpho-Ditro muriatic acid, or everlasting chlorine, for
disinfecting purposes and deodorisiug the sick chamber;
invented by the exhibitor. The materials, employed
slowly generate chlorine, and continue in anion for
several months.
130 Berger, Samuel, & Co., Bromley, MidJhtex —
Mauufacturers,
Specimen of rice starch, blue and white, made under
the exhibitors' patent; also, samples of Madras and Bengal
lice, from which this article is usually made.
131 Hall, Thomas, Lenton, near Nottingham —
Manufacturer.
Patent starch.
132
M'Oarbt & Sons, Palmentovm aud Athioum Mitti,
Dublin — Manufacturers.
Specimens of linseed and refined rape oils. Linseed
and rape cokes. Specimen of Irish mustard.
Specimens of copper plates and lead pipes,
133 McCcLLiTM. Malcolm, 12 Cannon Street, Leith —
Discoverer and Producer.
Specimens of the rhizome, or creeping stem, of T;ipha
Idtifuliii, or "large red mace." The Gaelic name is
"morthan;" the central part is edible in its raw state;
when dried and separated ttom the fibres, it affords a
meal, or flour, of a sweet and agreeable taste, which con
be made into bread or starch.
Sample of the meal. The fibres of the stem are a sub-
stitute for lint. This plant grows in abundance in lakes
aud marshy places, and is very prolific.
134 Edwards, Henry, 32 Great Windmill Street,
Haynuirket — Inventor and Manufacturer.
A mnfls of "custard powder," capable of producing
89<J quarts. Composed of flour and other in^'edients.
r,m
St. Etiknne, Madame Danif.i.e, Ilarberton Ford,
Ihtness — Agents, Tootal and Beowne, 73 and
74 Piccadilly — R-oducer.
Specimens of wheat-gluten, mixed v/ith wheat flour, or
potato-iloiir. Used chiefly iis food, especially for invalids,
in the form of soups, puddings, biscuits, &o.
Specimens of vegeto-animal compounds for long voy-
ages, &c. ; prepared with wheat-gluten, and beef, veal,
mutton, gelatine, poultry, fish, &c. ; th same with
fruits. Used in the preparation of soups, puddings,
pies, and other dishes.
S|>ecimeii-i of chocolate, biscuits, See, improved in
nutrii ve power by the addition of wheat-gluten.
Specimens of starch and potato-flour, artificial sago,
tapioca, arrow-root, &c.
Specimens of gums. Potato-flour and starch gums, all
soluble in cold woter.
Inferior gum-arabic, cleaned and granulated, with im-
provement m the quality. All these gums used as substi-
tutes for natural gum for printing, chemical, and general
purposes.
rrniMD
KlNUOOM.J
Clam 3.— 8UBHTANCEH UHED A8 FOOD.
HouT'i Galmhy.
loa*
130 MooHK, Enw. Dcxb, Ranion Abhei/, Eccl«$hall,
Staffitril — Patantee.
ElMiMM of milk, re<i>iiriug only t>>e addition of water
to produo* purfeotly tte»\i luilk. SAuaple* oombiued witli
oliooolAte, couoa, and ooffea.
[lu ipeoiinuM aiinilar to that dercrilMid, incnnvonlonro
ii often uocwlonod l>y ti>e oryatallizatiun of tiie iiu^pu- of
the milk, which ia but tporingiy loluble. j
140 FADKirilJir, V. R, 10 Newingtcm Cretcent, Sitrrty —
Patentee, Manufacturer, and Inventor,
ConRolldatud milk for long nea voyages, and for tnc-
dlciual and <lome«tio uae. After being dimolvcd in l>oil-
ing water ami reproduced in tlie form uf milk, the oolution
will keep purfuutly pure for four or five dayi; it may
be boiloil as often 08 retpiired without "breaking;" and in
minoible with all kinds of spirits.
[The preservation of the substance iu question is due
to the entire expulsion, by evaporation, and various other
processes, of the watery constituents of milk. In the
absence of a certain q<iAi i y of water putrefactive changes
cannot proceed, — R. E.]
141 Olami, Qkoroe MlCHAKli, Brandon StreetfWalworth
— Inventor and Manufacturer.
Gelatine for culinary and manufacturing purposes.
142
Oardno, John, M.D., .M Mortimer Street —
Discoverer,
Leaves of a tree, said to contain a nutritive crystalline
principle, identical with that of Chinese tea ( Theiiu-), show ■
ingthe leaves in their natural state, simply dried, also
in various forms after having undergone the necessary
preparations for use.
143 Assam Compant, !)0 Great Winchester Street, Citii
— Producer.
Samples of tee, the produce of Assam (^Thfa Assamioa).
Assam became a British possession in 182B, at the
conclusion of the Burmese war. The tea-plant wiw
found to be indigenous there, but this fact was not gene-
rally known until the year 1834. In 1839, the Assam
Company was formed. It is incorporated, and its object
ia the cultivation and manufacture of tea. Owing to
impediments of various descriptions, its early operations
were checked, and have been confined to the cultivation
of about 1,U00 acres. Until recently the results of the
cultivation and manufacture of tea in a commercial point
of view have not been ascertaiiied. They are now fully
established.
The tea realizes in England high prices, and is con-
sidered to be of fine qualities. It is entirely manu-
faotuitKl by natives uf India.
144 lAUNDKHs & Oatchill, Jhtblin — ^Agents.
Chicory iu all its stages, from the kiln-dried root to the
ground dust, iit for use.
"Chicory" and endive greens, the root of wliich is
used as a substitute for coifeo. Tbo leaves are also
largely used in a iimuufacturod st&te, an a dye-Htuif,
called "pastel," or imitation wood," of which thoy fonu
the principal ingredient, for the purpose of rendering the
colour permanent in woollen cloUu.
[Chicory is the Civhiirum inti/biu, a plant of the order
Compositw, indigonoiM iu most ports of Europe. — E. F.]
140 PoouD, Sarah Rrdecca, Kingiton-on-Thamei —
Producer,
Patent crystallized malt, luicd by norter brewers. Upon
breaking a grain it will bo seen taut its substance liaa
been uonvui-ted into sugar; its propurties consist in pro-
ducing double the quantity of uxtritut, and giving porter
the desired flavour.
149
Perkins, Uenrv, Ifanteorth t'ltrh, MiJJIeifx —
Producer.
A loaf of sugar, mode by \V. J. Evans, M.D. in Mr.
Perkins' kitchen at one operation, and without filtration
through animal charcoal, from canes growu hy Henry
Perkins in his hothouse, Hanworth Park, Middlesex.
A bottle of rum which was also made at the some
time, from the same canes, by Dr. Evans,
150
KlOD As PoDOER, fuleirorth, Atiddleiex —
Manufacturers.
Specimens of extra superfine flour dressed through
Swiss silk machines, and manufactured fi'om English
wheat and Australian wheat.
152 Marriaqe, E., Co/cAeato/^Produoer.
Samples of flour.
153
M'Cann, John, Deaiimul Mill, Drogheda —
Mimufucturer,
Coarse cut oatmeal, used for making stirabout, or
porridge, in Ireland.
154 Stonehoube, Alexander, Farina Works, Dtmuimj,
Perth, and 43 Molyneux Street, Bryanston Square
— Producer.
Specimen of farina, used as food, and iu manufactures.
157 Styles, Thomas, 148 Upper Thames Street —
Manufiu;t<irer.
Ashby's prepared groats, barley, and pea-flour, for the
production of pure gruel, barley-water, light puddings,
and food for infants, pea-soup, &c.
159 Chitty, Edward, (3«iVrf^or<i— Manufacturer.
Specimens of flour.
160 Fitch, Fred. Chs., Steeple Bumpstead, Essex —
Producer.
Sack of fine wheaten flour, manufactured from Essex
wheat.
161
Smith, J., Hare Cmig, Dundee — Manufacturer.
Agent in London, W. J. Robertson, 48 Devon-
shire Street, and 35 Walbixwk, City.
Samples of patent oat flour.
162
BcCK, P., & Son, Pimhy Mills, near Middleham,
Bradford — Producoiu .
DouMe superfine flour; fine flour; wheat meal and oat
meal. Exhibited for colour and quality.
VEGETABLE AND ANIMAL SUBSTANCES USED IN
MANUFACTURES.
I N T K O D U C Tl 0 N.
Tub present Class concludes the first section relating to Haw Materials and Produce. Witliln the limits of tlio
preiicnt ClasH arc included a great variety of Bubstanccs employed in the arts and in nmnul'actureR. The
Clitss is Hulxlividcd generally into sulMtanceH of vegetable, and Hubstances of animal origin. The former division
comprises gums and resins, oils, acids, dyes and colours, tanning materials, fibnnis and cellular substances,
timb(>r8, and miscellaneous articles applied to various economical puqioses. The latter division includes
materials for textile fabrics, for the production of chemical substances, and for pigments and dyes.
The objects included in this Class are placed in South Qallrry P, and succeed those belonging to the
procoiling Class in order of armngcment. The Class, although embracing a variety of substana's, is not un ex-
tensive one, regard Iwing had to the siuico occupied. Among the substances of vegetable origin of interest in
the arts, are oils of various kinds, together with their solid and fluid principles ; stearinc and oleino, varnishes
made by the solution of a variety of resinous substances in alcohol or wood sjjirit ; s|)ecimens of wax, and of the
same in a manufactured state. Interesting series of dyes and colours are also exhibited. The beautiful colours
derived from various lichens by a curious chemical process, are shown with their application to textile fabrics,
and gum. I'ho splendid colours yielded by safilower, indigo, and other vegetable substances are also illus-
trated. This Class is particularly rich also in its illustrations of the fibrous materials used for cordage and
clothing. Siiecimens are shown of China grass, a fibrous product from Urtica niveu ; of New Zealand flax ;
of hemp of various growths — Indian, Egyptian, Belgian, American, and Russian ; and of flax from various
countries. The fibrous substance commercially known as jute, is also illustrated. The fibrous material obtained
from the husk of the cocoa-nut is exlubited in its various stages of manufacture and in its applications to
the production of fabrics. Specimens illustrative of the application of new processes to the preparation of flax
for spinning have also a place in this Class, and appear to promise useful results in the em|)lo>-inent of this
material in textile manufactures. Corks of dificrent kinds, and new fibrous substances applicable to textile
Eurix>ses and for paper, are also shown. The specimens of different timbers used for cotistniction and ornament
avo great technical interest. Tlie botanical names, habitats and uses of the trees producing these woods are
attached to their description in the Catalogue. This will enable the merchant to supply liimself with accurate
information upon a variety of fancy woo<ls hitherto only recognized under their conmfiercial appellations. In
the space allotted to the preceding Class will also bo found illustrations of various useful timbers. The preser-
vation of timber is illustrated by several series of specimens indicating the progress of decay, and its arrestation
in wood equally exposed.
The substances derived from the animal kingdom include specimens of whalebone in dificrent stages of manu-
facture ; wools of various kinds in the raw state, .ind as cleansed from some impurities. Mohair, horse-hair,
in various conditions of manufacture ; down and feathers. Some interesting results of the attempt to breed
the silkworm in England, are e-..hibited in raw silks obtained, and in manufactured sjiccimens. Raw and
thrown silks of their natural colour and variously dyed are also shown. Animal oils, gelatine, glues, and pig-
ments and dyes of animal origin are also included in the objects contained within this Class.
The four Classes comprised within this section deserve and demand attentive study. The objects comprised
by them form the materials out of which all that is beautiful and useful in this great collection has been
created, and indicating in their various states the preliminary application of human industry to their preparation
for further usefulness. The study of them is a valuable intnxluction to that of the other Classes, in which con-
structive industry is illustrated as contrasted with that preparative series of operations exhibited by the objects
included within the first section. Tlie consideration of results is more generally interesting than that of tho
processes leading to them ; but tho latter study is unquestionably tho most instructive. To tho philosophic
inquirer into the objects of this Exhibition, this section will probably appear tho most interesting of all, as
the development of raw material in all the varied forms assumed in those sections is observed in Machinery,
Manufactures, and Fine Arts. — R. E.
CcABi 4.-VKnRTAnLF. AVD ANIMAL 8U1«8TANCE8 USED IS MANUKACTUHFA
Hou-rii Oai.i.rbt.
1»5«
1 QMaoR, J., & Co., Niimtritt, fhirtt, Sei>lliind —
i'rn<liicoii«,
Nativ« 8<iN)toh pine pliuitM, nf viirioitii hIxm iui>I hK' *>
■oDi» of whiuli ar«i rniiHil l)y n new ni«tli<Hl, which jirii-
ituuoa AhroiiM rn<>U, ami mlitpU thuiii fur hnru anil tix-
i)oitt<<l Mltuntinuii. I.iii'oh (limit* of viiriniM itl/eii nml iik<i*-
Woopiiig liirvh, oMO ytmr nlil, fioni Heuil pi'oilin.'uil by
imtlvo truuH nn tho Ixuiku cif thu Kiiiilhurn, Murnynliiru;
miwu April •2», \H:,0.
2 Kino, VM»k, Chwih Street, Edmontm —
I'rodiioor.
Specimons of uwtoniinud pliuita, orraugod on an orna-
niout. ^
2* CooEl, E. W., The Fernt, Virloria Komi, Kciuiiujimx
— Producer.
Preierved pit<ihur plnnta. Thexe natuml pitchorM arc
nppended to the le<ivoH of a plimt, n native of the Kimt
Jndioa, growing in Htngniint, Nwanipy plnouit; it posHeiMOH
the fnoiilty of diHtiilinK tlio piiroHt wiitor. Thii iiitchur
during the period of itH growth reniniua clnMod; but
when ipiite expanded and full of water the litl uponH.
The pitcher of lonie Hpucioa will contain nearly one tiunrt.
The ooNO oontahm Hpeoluionii (which were dried in hot
Hikud to preeerve their form) of the following g]iccioH,
vi^, : — Nepenthes llaflloginna (Singapore); N. ampullacea
(SingniH>re) ; N, Loddigeiiii (Hingiipore) ; N. dUtllhitoria
(Coylon).
Alfto a npocimen of Sarracenin, and a Rpecles of Cepha-
lotuN; which both grow on the ground.
The palm and other geud-vesMeU arc introduced merely
fur ornament.
:)
Stevkns, Wiixiam, 1 llnok PInco, Totlenhnm Road,
Kin(jsland — Inventor.
Preserved flowora, retaining their natural form; in-
tended to form cabinet illustrationg of botany.
;U Cbowcher, C, jun., C/iapfl I'lace, Livufool Road
— Producer.
Specimen of calcined atrnw.
4 PuBSEV, William Henry, 14 Sprinfi Street, Stusex
QarJeia, J'MldiiKjton — Manufacturer.
Flowers used as ornaments for garninhing meats, &o. ;
out out of vegetables, such as coiTots, turnips, beot-roots^
&o.
[Tliis curious art gives exclusive employment to several
persons in the Metropolis.]
6 RocR, Mary, 6 Stratford Place, llastin/fs — Pi-oduoer.
Ornamental stand, formed chiefljr of a Kpecies of grass
which grows on the cliffs at HuHtiugs, and is UDcd for
ladies' work-baskets, table-mats, &c. The stand contains
specimens of Hastings pebbles.
[The Hastings pebbles are from the calciferous grit of
the Tilgate beds which form the "White Rock" of
Hastings, but ore often elsewhere seen in more tabulai'
mosses, resting on a very compact conglomoi-ato, envelop-
ing large rolled pebbles of voriously-colourod ((uartz, and
jiwper and smaller ones of pure white quai-tz imd fliuty
slate.— D. T. A.]
5a Tilley, Lieut., R.A., Fivvnc^'.'., Tanntm, /Somerset —
Designer.
A series of beautiful specimens of tho loaves of various
trees, anatomised, propai-ed, and ai-rouged by the exhi-
bitor.
Perfect skeletons of the leaves of the sycamore, poplai-,
aspen, ivy, lime, and wild or wood-medlar trees (or of
the PsoiiJii-itUitaiiHS, I'opntus, Populus trcmula, IIcderahclLi;
Tilia, and Mcspittis dijfusa of Linnteus), . grouped, dyed
black, and displayed on a white drawing-board, to show
their contrast in kind, texture, shape, oud shade.
Groupings of some of the above leaves, dyed and
nndyed, on a blue and white drawing-boaixl, and placed
ill n glaiwl frnme, divhied into oompartnienta, one of
whiah oontuins a vugutable or liiiify picture of the year,
shown by twelve growing and fiuliiig vhanguM of the elm
leaf (I'liniii fumpi'itrin). Almi Htrawberry leaves (A'cu-
i/iiria rrnni), displavud under the Hiiullitude of a snake,
fl'imi thiiir Niiotteil renuiiibliiiK.n tn the Hkin of that rep-
tllii, overlaid by fi>riis brought from tho island of
Madeira by Mi-m. Hiimui Karmnt. In this M|ieciinrn la
exuiiipliHed one of tliu nioNt ditticult (ipurattons in veue-
table anatomy, lu a small circular gilt frame may '•«
seen two aimtoinixud pear liiavuH (/'>/'««l, having the ap-
pearance (if l/irec, the one being whiilu, the other divided
fi'iim tho tip to the leaf stalk or stem, imd the two parte
laid o|ien right and left. Tho niinuteit threiuN In the
texture of the one siilu having its counteriHU-t in tliat of
the other ; a task of no small dililculty, when it is con-
sidered tliat thuy previously undergo the ilouble proceaa
of anatomy and dying, added to the fiuil and uolloata
nature of the material tipumted on. Some of the ar-
riuigemonts are under-lettered with letters cut from the
leat in its different stages of growth and decay.
[The whole of these siiecimens owe their origin to the
accidental circumstance of the o|ieratoi''H going to the iioud-
side for water to refresh his flowers in the dry summer of
1840, when the fnigmeut of im elm leaf floating Into the
dip[)er in its skeleton state suggested the idea of effecting
its anatomy by aHificial means. Hu was then in his
sixtieth year, and hiul never seen or attempted anything
of the kind before.]
0 Harrison, UiciiAnD &
Specimens of Knglish and
Alitor, Cn|{lliili.
Applft-tr«>, Kii|{liih,
A«h, EntilUli.
Anil, Amorican.
lUrwocMl, Afrlnn.
Itnccli, I'^Kliili.
Iloeoti, Duloli.
Ilirch, KniiUih.
lllrrli, Amrilcan.
Ilireli, Huuisn,
Mlkckwootl, Kait Indian.
HItckthorn, Arriciin.
Iluttemut, Amarican.
Iloxwood, Turkey.
Itfliwooil, Ilmilllan.
Iloxwood, Kurnppiiii.
Hmiilettii, .Inmaica.
Hmallwood, I'crnanibiii-o.
Campliorwood, Urailli.
Camwuoil, AfTinnn.
OnHrywood, Uraxili.
('anaiuetta.
Cedar iif Lebanon.
I'eilar, llavannah.
Cedar (pencil), North America-
Cedar (ri'd), New South Walei.
Cedar (wliite^, New llrunawick.
Clicrry-trce, K^^ti■h.
(.'hesnut (home), Riigllah.
Coinis, West Indies.
CocUH (cut endwise), West Indies.
Coromaridel, Ceylun.
Cotton-tree.
Cypreaa, EKypt,
Cypress, KuKiish.
Klwiiy (black), African.
ElBiny (((reen1. West Indies.
ElKiuy (marble), Ceylun.
Elm, EnKlish.
Elm Pollard, English.
Elm (rock), American.
Fir, Scotch.
Fustic, South American.
(ilralTwaod.
(Jrconheart, Demerara.
Uumwood (blue), Now South
Wales.
Ot mwood (red). Now South
Wales.
Ilackmatark, (^nada.
Iliirewood, English.
Ilcmlock, New llrunswick.
Ilirkory. United Sutes.
Holly (whitcj, English.
Iliirnlieam, Knulish.
Ilorseflesh-wooil, Rio Janeiro.
Irunwood, Bnuils.
JoH.-^, /.'■"«— Producers,
Foreign Woods.
.rnkMood, East Indloi.
Klahoea, or Amiioyna (trunk of),
Singapore.
Klatioca, or Amboyna (burr oO.
HIngapore.
KlngwiMiil, llraillf.
Kingwood, African.
Laburnum, Knglish.
Ijincewooil (re<l), Cuba.
I.ignum-vita', .St, Domingo.
I«mon-tree, Sicily.
I.ime-lri'e, English.
I.acust-tnie. North America,
(.ogwood, llay nfCampeacby.
Maliogauy, Culai.
Mahogany, St. Domingo.
Mahogany, Jamaica.
Mahogany, llontlunu.
Mahogany, Ilahama.
Mahogany, I'anama.
Mahogany, African.
Mahogany, South Australian.
Maple, Knglinh.
Maple (Uirds'-eye), American.
Muracaylio, !Uy of.
Mnsatuhllia, Klo lanairo.
Mulberry, Val|«ruiso.
Niagara-wood, from the Falls.
Oiik. KuKlith.
Oak Pollard. Engllsli.
Oak, Memel.
(hik, Canada.
Oak (wainscot), Kiga.
Oak, Dutch.
Oak, Uotany liny.
Uuk. New Keiiliiiid.
0»k (li\e), Niirtli Amoricaii.
Oak, Aliiciin.
Oak, South American,
Olivewood, Leghorn.
Orange-tree.
Palm-tree, Palmetto, Palmyra,
India.
Pnraiboo.
Purtridgewood, Braiils.
Pheiisantwood, Hruzils.
t'eartree (plain), English.
I'ear tree (stained), English.
Pear-tree (figured). English.
I'ine and Fir, American Wliiu.
Pine and Fir, American Red.
Pine and Fir, Ilaltio Red.
Pine and Fir, Baltic White.
I'ine and Fir, American Spruce.
Pine, Swiss.
Pine and Fir.
Pine (Pitch), United Stales.
]96«
Class 4.— VEGETABLE ANP ANIMAL SUBSTANCES
South GAUiSBY.
[United
larch, Seok'h.
Hne.
Pine Fir.
Pine Cowdie, New Zealand.
Planetree Laeewood, Levant.
Hlura-tree, Enxllah.
Pbplar, Engllah.
Uuaulawoml, Weit Indiea.
Quiiwiawnod, BraxiU.
R«d Stumlvn, or Hubywood,
Eait Indies.
Rowtla, or Damtonwood, East
Indiei.
Roaewaod, Eatt Indian.
Roiewood. Mexican.
Itusewood, Bnuili.
Roeewood, African.
Rinewond, Huudurai.
Subicii, Cull*.
Saudalwonl.
Sapnowood, Slant.
SntiDwood, St. Domingo,
Satinwood. Eaat Indian.
Sktinanod, Porto Bloo.
SaMa^aawmid.
Saul, Eaat Indie*.
Snalunrood, Surinam.
Sycamore, Ennliah.
IwUi, Moulmein.
Teak. African.
Tambookie.
Tolario.
Tulipwood, Braiil*.
Tulipwoud, liiitiinv Bay.
Tulipwood, Fiencu.
Valpiiraifo wmid.
Violet'T.o:' Bratil*.
nalnut, EngiUu.
Walnut (black), Mexican.
Walnut (lilack), American.
Willow. KnKli'h.
Yellow-woud, Eaat Iiidiei.
Yew, Engl lib.
Zel>rawooil, llraxila.
Several tpecimeni of unknown
wood.
7 BuBNETT, Sir W., M.D., K.C.B., P.R.S., 53 King
Willidin Street, London Brhije — Producer.
Specimens of BurnettiKed and un-Bumettized timber,
ctuivas, cotton, and woollen cloth, and raw hides, tested
to demonstrate the efficacy of the process. Specimens
of antiseptic and disinfecting solutions, and a drawing of
the hydraulic apparatus employed for the preparation of
timber.
8 Frrcn, P. C, Steele Bumpitead, Chclinsfoi-d—
Producer.
Specimens of English woods.
9 Sanders, W. Wiuson, Watidsiwrth — Proprietor.
Collection of woods, amounting to upwards of 700
specimens, fix>m vaiious parts of the world, arranged geo-
graphically; with scientific name, native or local name,
native country, weight per cubic foot, principal uses
or peculiarities ; with specimens of veneers of the more
beautiful or interesting woods. The block specimens
are without varnish of any kind. The veneers are var-
nished so as to show the beauty of the woods.
9a
Evans, William, Castle Street, Sicansea —
Inventor.
Pieces of Welsh oak, prepared by a peculiar process, as
a substitute for fancy wood, and useful for turnei-s and
cabinet makers: the pi-ocess is bjth simple and cheap.
A cannon lock of peculiar con itructiou, designed to fire
a gun by ptrcussion.
10 Stowb, Henry, Biw/iiiuj/mm — Inventor.
Specimens of wood, stained without heat or moisture;
the process being equally applicable to it when carved.
14 HoLTZAPFFEL & Co., 64 Charimi Civss, and 127 Loiuj
Acre — Proprietors.
Specimens of woods commonly e...ployed in England
for turnery.
15 OiLLOW 8i Co., 170 O.rfont Street, and Lancaster —
Proprietors.
Specimens of St. Domingo uiithogany.
16 Endehson, Henby John, 140 I'nuxl Street,
I'addiivjtini — Producer.
Gr lined iuiltution of bird's-eye niupio and other fancy
WOO' IB, on deal. Imitation of inlaid marbles and fancy
woods, on slate.
19 Scott, E., & Co., 8:i Dean Street, Suhu —
Miuuifauturers. ■ < ,
Walnut (Uid rosewood veneers.
20
Newton, Chari.es IlENnr, /'/ok/A liriilje,
J}i)i/ierhithe, Siirre!/ — Manufacturer.
Specimens of Unglitili and h'oroign wooda. prepai'ed on
one side and rough on the other, to show the application
of the patent desiccating process in the seasoning of woods.
By this process, wood is seasoned and made fit for use in
a few weeks. The moisture is evaporated by rapid cur-
rents of hot air, by which decay and dry rot are, in a
great measure, prevented.
21 Bethell, John, 8 Parliament Street, Weatminiter
— Inventor and Patentee.
Specimens of wood saturated with oil of tar, by the pro-
cess called "creoBoting."
CreoBoted sleepers, which have been in use for years on
the Northern and Eastern, and London and North
WestemAailways. A piece of unprepared wood, showing
the ravages of we teredo navalis, A piece showing those
of the liimtoria terebrans, with a few holes bored by the
teredo.
Two slices, cut fh>m oreosoted piles, which have been
four years in the sea, at Lowestoft harbour.
Specimens of fish, p)'epared for manure, by the creo-
sote oil.
[Several plans have been patented, havmg for their
object the prevention of timber from decay by ii\ieoting
certain fluid substances into its pores, and by chemical
and mechanical action preventing the growth of fimgi —
viz., Mr. Kyan's patent, in 1832, for impregnation with
corrosive sublimate; Sir W. Burnett's, in 1836, for inject-
ing chloride of zinc; Mr. Bethell's, in 1838, for impregna-
tion with oil of tar; and Mr. Payne's, in 1841, for im-
pregnation with metallic oxides or alkalies. — S. C]
21a Samuels, David, 71 Lebon Street, West Ham, Essex
— Inventor and Manufacturer.
Picture frame of various English woods.
22
Classon, J., Industrial Depot, Northumberland
Buildinns, Dublin — Manufacttirer.
Denoters of time, exhibiting days, months, and dates,
and made of bog-yew, bog-oak, and various fancy woods,
the growth of Irelimd. Letter racks. Chinmey-piece
what-nots. Book carriers. Inkstands. Paper and enve>
lope cases. Ticket trays. Nests of boxes, and fnuues
for different purposes : made of the same materials.
Packages of scouring powders.
[These powders are produced from a preparation of
freestone and alkali, and possess both mechanical and
chemical properties, which render them valuable for
cleansing railway carriages covered with smoke and
grease, and for purifying culinary utensils in general.]
Difiierent qualities of peat or turf, and peat charcoal,
adapted for manufacturing purposes, deodoiizing and
manure.
Specimens of fancy woods, the growth of Ireland; part
of a mulberry-tree, perfectly sound, from the gardens
of Trinity College, Dublin ; known to be more than 4UU
years old, presented oy the llov. Dr. Luby.
23 Bbotdebton, Williau, & Co., Ilmujerford Wharf
— Importers and Manufactui-ers.
Siunples of rape seed, the produce of Holland and the
East Indies. liapo seed bruiseil previous to extracting
the oil. The oil as extracted, refined, and purified.
Olive oil in its original state ; and as refined for nmclii-
nery. Almond oil as extracted; and as refined fur the
finer descriptions of mechanism.
24
Barclay & Son, 170 Rajent Street —
Manufacturers,
Specimens of bleached wax; wax candles, wliite and
coloured; sperm caudles, white and colourei; steariue
(andle^; candles of mi.xcd niaterialx- wax and coiiipoHi-
ti'>ii mortars for night lights and for hi^itiuj dishes;
wiMi suurlry small articles.
Bl
h
a
2
t1
P'
ai
e:
o
c
c
c
0
I
ElNODOH.]
USED IN MANUFACTUKES.
South Qallkry.
197*
25 Fbeeman, MesBn., 3 Wigmore Street, CavendUi
Square — Manufacturers.
Fine tmuBparent wax and gpenuaceti lights, with
plaited wicks, and other candles and night lights. Mate-
rials in the unmanufactured state. Refined oils, &o.
26
Baowens, L. p., Oreaae Work$, Wakefield-
Manufacturer.
Products of various patent processes used in extracting
pure oils and greases from the refuse soap-suds of woollen,
silk, and other manufactories.
27
BosE, WllXlAX Andebson, 66 Upper Thames Street
— Manufacturer.
Palm-oil grease, for fiist trains. White grease, for
machinery, &c. Liquid grease, for mining purposes.
Clarified machinery oil, will not gum or clog. Clarified
burning oil, to bum equal to sperm oil. Body, carriage,
and oak varnishes.
Ironwork black, equal to black japan, dries in half -an-
hour.
Bed, blue, yellow, and purple paints supplied to
Messrs. Fox, Henderson, & Co., for decorating the Ebc-
hibition Building.
White zinc antioxide paint for ironwork, stucco, &c.
28
HiLLAS, Fleming, 5 Ordnance Sow, Letcisham Soad,
Qreenwich — Inventor.
Purified animal, vegetable, and fish oils for lubrication
and perfiunery.
29 MiLLBB, Tavebneb John, Dorset Wharf, Westminster
— Importer and Manufacturer.
Spermaceti oil in its original state, as imported from
the South Seas.
Rough spermaceti, when separated by filtration and
pressure from the oil.
Filtered spermaceti oil, used for illuminating purposes
and for lubricating machinery.
Block of refined spermaceti, the inside being hollow, to
exhibit its natural crystallization.
Bust formed of refined spermaceti, a new application
of the article.
[The sperm whale, Physeter maorocephalus, called also
cachalot, ia a carnivorous cetacean, living chiefly on
cuttlefish, and having its mouth armed with teeth instead
of whalebone. It is gregarious, and inhabits the open
oceans of both eastern and western hemispheres, ranging
between 60° N. L. and 60^ S. L., but abundant and pur-
sued chiefly in the region of the line-currents between
7° N. L. and 7° S. L. It grows to a large size, the male
to 60 feet in length, the female to half that dimension.
The former yie^ is 70 to 90 barrels of sperm-oil, the latter
20 to 30. The spermaceti is contained in cellular cavi-
ties, occupying the anterior and upper parts of the un-
wieldy head; from 200 to 500 gallons of this "head-
matter" are yielded by a whale. One-sixth of the entire
produce is the usual proportion. This matter is placed
in hair bags, submitted to strong pressure, melted, and
boiled with a weak solution of potash and in alcohol, then
cast into moulds, when it becomes the crystalline sub-
stance called spermaceti, which is itself a peculiar species
of stoariuo. Cetine is its purified state. — E. F.]
30 EwEN, James, 17 Oarlick Hill, City-
Samples of clarified fats.
-Manufacturer.
31
DuRANT, Richard, jim., 11 Copthall Court—
Proprietor.
Samples of raw silk, the produce of the vnrioiis silk-
pioduciug countries, Italy, China, India, Turkey, &o
32 DoDOE, Mrs. Catherine, Godalming, Surrey-
Producer.
Silk produced by the silkworm, fed upon the leaves of
the white mulberry, at Godalming, it being a first pro-
duction.
Specimens of the silk manufactured.
34 Hands & Leaveslet, Coventry— Silk Dyera.
Spocimena of dyed silks.
35 DoxAT & Co., Bishopsgate Street Without-
Importers.
Sample of Italian raw silk.
30 Howe, Joseph, & Co., Coventry — Dyera.
Specimens of self-coioun dyed from thrown silk: —
yellow gum; specimens ot ohade dyeing: showing perma-
nency of colours for several years.
37
Jacquemot, John Mark, 36 Old Pivad Street —
Importer.
Skeins of raw silk, the produce of a filature near
Geneva, Switzerland.
39 Oliveb, Wiluam, 89 John Street, Fitzroy Square —
Producer.
A slab of bird's-eye maple.
40 Sectional Committee on Vegetable Kingdom.
Exhibition Building — Producers.
Samples of the ordinaiy flax and hemp of commerce.
French flax; Flemish flax; Dutch flax; Friealaud flax;
Archangel flax; Riga flax; English flax; Egyptian flax;
New Zealand flax.
Petersburg clean hemp; Petersbui^ half-clean hemp;
Riga Rein hemp; Riga Pass hemp; American hemp;
Egyptian hemp; brown India hemp; India scum hemp;
Mamlla hemp; Italian hemp; Jute hemp.
41 Trent, Edwin Ward, Parh Hemp Works, Old Ibrd
— Manufacturer.
New Zealand flax as imported. New Zealand flax
cleansed, from the same; cleansed by machinery, in-
vented by the exhibitor.
Tow, made in the operation 3f cleansing the flax.
Fishing-lines, made from the same, showing what can be
made &om the least valuable portion of the flax.
Samples illustrating the diSiereut modes of lajring ropes
or lines. Coil of rope made from yarn spun by the ex-
hibitor's improved machinery, combining all the advan-
tages of hand and machine spinning, without their
defects.
42 Wright, Lemuel Wellman, & Co., 75 Cheapside —
Inventors and Manufacturers.
Specimens of China grass ( Urtica nivea) as it comes
from India (Assam) and China; and in various stages
from the raw material, as manufactured in India and
China.
Also flax and China grass as prepared in this country,
for spinning into yarns for finer purposes. Specimens of
broad cloth, in which it is mixed with wool in various
proportions. Specimens of various kinds of paper made
from wheat straw.
43 DoNLAN, M.J. J., iSt. Beta's Square, Ilammcfsmith
— Inventor.
The seeds of flax and hemp chemically prepared, by
which their germinating powers are said to be augmented.
Flax straw, produced from prepared seed, and flax
straw produced from seed not prepared, sown on the same
day, and on the same land; also samples of flax in dif-
198*
k
CLAgs 4.— VBaETABLE AND ANIMAL SUBSTANCES
South Oallery.
[United
Ki
ferent stages of preparation, produced from unateeped
flax straw.
Samples of the ligneous or woody particle from the
flax straw; these, when mixed with other ingredients,
are used for the feeding and fattening of cattle.
Samples of sail-cloth, produced from unateeped flax
straw. Sail-cloths produced by these processes are said
to have been used during five years without being affected
with mildew, heating, or premature decay.
Samples of the Fhormium tenax, or New Zealand flax,
in different stages of preparation, and sail-cloth manu-
factured from the same.
[The Phormium tenax, or New Zealand flax, is a plant of
very different nature from the common flax (Zinufn vnita-
tissimum). The former is an endogen, the latter aa exogen.
The New Zealand flax ia a liUMwoas plant. — E. F.]
Samples of fine textures, threads, &o., produced from
unateAped flax straw, brought into a similar state to
cotton incorporated with Oermau wool; and also speci-
mens of similar manufacture, produced from the Phor-
mium tenax, or New 2^1and flax plant.
The above specimens are said to have been produced
by new and peculiar processes.
44 GiLLUAN, Edward, Ticickenham, Agent for Tao Nui,
a New Zealand Chief — Producer.
Specimens of the most useful of the New Zealand woods.
Oum of the Kawri tree (Daiumaru australis) called Tino ;
a good varnish can be made from this substance.
Bark of the Hinau tree (Dicom dcntata); used by the
New Zealanders to prepare the flax fur dyeing.
Flax (Phormium tenax), prepared for dyeing by steeping
in a strong decoction of the Hinau bark.
Flax dyed black, by kneading and rubbing in black mud
from a freshwater river.
Slirimp net {Kututu), made from shreds of flax, the
pulp of the leaf not removed.
Flax partially disengaged ftora the leaf ; also the shell
(Kuku) used for the purpose.
Flax in the first stage of preparation (Muka).
Small cord made from the flax in the first stage of pre-
paration.
Flax prepared for weaving, by soaking it for two days
in water, then twisting it into hanks, and beating it with
a mallet on a stone. Mantles wove from flax.
45
Hives & Atkinson, Leeds — Importers and
Manufacturers.
Samples of flax grown in the Courti-ai district, Belgium;
line, sliver-roving, and yam, from the flax.
Fine cloth, manufactured from 280 wai-p and 320 weft.
[The preparation of flax at Courtrai differs in no essen-
tial respect from the ordinary method adopted at home.
But the bundles, instead of being steeped in stagnant
pools, are suuk in the clear waters of the River Lys. It
is stud that the waters of this stream have a peculiar
effect in producing flax libre of extraordinary whiteness
oud purity. The bundles, after having been steeped, are
untied and spread out on grass to be dried. On the com-
pletion of this process, the flax is again mode up into
bimdles and undergoes its prejiaratiou for the market. —
R. E.]
Samples of flax frem the Lokeren district, Belgium;
line, sliver-roving, and yam, 50 lens to 200 leas, from the
flax.
[The total annual production of flax in Belgium
amountj, by a recent estimate, to about foi-ty millions of
pounds. Its total value is calculated at about two
millions and a half sterling. Tliis flax is of very superior
quality, and is principally employed in the maiiufivcture
of the finest class of fabrics. Attempts uic being now
made on a large scale to cultivate this important plant in
England and Ireland. Belgium exports about five millions
of pounds of flax to England. The flax grown in the
Courtrai district is universally considered to be of the
finest quality. — R. E.]
Samples of yellow flax, grown by John Wames, Em],,
Trimingham, Norfolk; of bluo flax, grown in Yorkshhra.
Line, sliver-roving, and yam, iiova 50 leas to 200 leas,
from the flax.
Piece of brown cloth and piece of bleached cloth, 100
warp and 150 weft.
Siiecimen of Chinese reed.
Samples of China grass (a kind of nettle) in the raw
state; softened; prepai-ed for cutting and heckling; half-
bleached and full-bleached line from this gross; sliver-
roving from full-bleached line; tow; 250 leas spun from
full-bleached line; 100 leas from tow; dyed line, yam,
and tow from the same.
Piece of cloth, 200 leaa warp and 200 leas weft.
["China grass" is known botanically under the name,
Urtica nivea. It is extensively imported into this country
from Assam, and from China. — R. E.]
46 Cator, Nelson, & Co., Selby — Manufacturers.
Line stumps, or the raw flax plant with the seed
attached, as pulled and dried : grown in Yorkshire.
Flax manufttctm'ed from the line stumps, and prepared
for the flax-spinners. The seed is taken off, the stumps
then retted by an artificial process, and afterwards broken
and scutched by machinery.
47 Long, J., C.E., Limerick — Producer.
Specimens of Irish woods. Bog oak ; bog ye w ; bog deal ;
oak; elm; ash; beech; copper beech; black oak; sycamore;
cherry; apple; holly; popl>u-; maple; alder; spruce;
Scotch fir; larch; walnut; arbutus; laburnum; and ever-
green ook. These timbers are the growth of former ages,
and ore found embedded in the bogs of Ireland,
[These timbers represent ancient forests, the remains
of which oi'e now buried beneath accumulations of peat
and water, but in wliich wandered not only species of
existing British mammals, but extinct races, like that of
I ho Mcgaceros hibeniicm, "leading into the times when
elephants, hyaiuos, and other extinct quadrupeds appear
to have tenanted tliis country." — J. L.]
The black oak is used for fancy and ornamental work.
Tho yew is a fine-grained timber of different shades. It
appeal's to be a suitable timber for cabinet work, such as
pianos, &c., being durable and capable of taking a high
polish. The deal is useful for rough work.
These timbers lu-e in general used in carpentry and
joinery, sliip-building, house-building, coach-building,
cabinet-malung, machinery, farming implements, &c.
The ordinary timbers, such as oak, elm, ash, beech,
larch, maple, &c., ai-e considered of suiierior quality and
liU'ge gi'owth.
Specimen of Carrigeen moss; found in groat abundance
on the sea-shores in the counties of Clare and Kerry.
["Carrigeen," or "Iiish moss," is a sea-weed. It is
the Chuialrus criipus of botanists, a fucus which grows
abundantly on all tho rocky shores of the British Isles.
It is most plentiful at tlio edge of low-water mark.
Choiulriis m<iminillosus is another species often mixed with
and used like the former. Tho plant is gathered from
the rock, then washed and laid out to dry and bleach in
the sunshiue. It has emollient and demulcent proper-
ties.—E. F.]
Specimen of oak bark. This bark ia siip])lied from the
various counties aroimd Limerick to tlie tanners of the
city and neighbourhood.
49 Adabis, — , linllydcrritt, Coleruine-
Sumple of flax.
-IVoducer.
Kingdom.
USED IN MANUFACTURES.
South (jalleuy.
190*
51 Robertson, Henrt, 7 Salisbury Street, Strand—
Producer.
A vegetable fibre, indigenous to the Britisli Isles, ap-
plicable to the manufacture of fine thread and paper.
53 riccioTTO, Moses Haim, 3 Dean Street, Finabury
Square — Producer.
Specimens of fine flax, prepared in Italy by a peculiar
process, applicable to all sorts of flax, steeped or un-
steoped. By this process coarse produce may be brought
to a great degree of fineness.
54
Mason, Qeoroe, Tatel;i, Hartford Bridge, Hants —
Producer.
1. Flax grown, steeped, and prepared for market at
Yately, North Hants. 2. Produced in South Hants.
3. Produced at Cobham, Surrey. 4. Flax grown and
scutched at the Famborough workhouse, 5. Flax scutched
by prisoners in county gaol, Winchester. 6. Refuse tow
imd flax manufactured at Yately. 7. Coarse tow and flax.
8. Models of tools used.
55
Marshall & Co., Leeds — Importers and
Manufaotvirers.
Sample of Chinese grass, JJrtica m'i)ea(Afn, Chinese name),
the white-leaved nettle of China, commonly called gross,
in the state in which it is imported from the province of
Canton, in China. Sample of heckled fibre from the
same, ready for the spinning process, after it has under-
gone a steeping similar to that of flax, and also a chemical
or mechanical treatment, by which it is cleansed and
softened.
Samples of sewing thread, dyed and bloachodj and of
thread for lace, from No. 30 to 300 lea, mode ..om this
material, showing its capacity of taking a good colour,
and producing an even wiry thread. Samples of fine
drill, from the same material, bleached and coloured,
showing the same qualities.
Samples of Courtrai flax and of dressed line, also of
sowing thread dyed and bleached. No. 25 to 2-iO leo, from
the some, exhibited for quality and finish.
56 Barsham, John, Kiiu)stm-on- Thames — Inventor
and Manufacturer.
The outer shell or husk of the cocoa nut (Cocos nuci-
fcro).
Fibre separated fron: the same by a patent process.
Brushes, manufactur«o. from the fibre, instead of 1 ris-
tles.
Door ma*. mMmfactufci i"om the fibre.
The fibre i uheap, tu\ \ is pi-efwiible to bristles for
dumbility,
67 NiOHTiNOALJB, Wx. & Charles, 64 Wardour Street,
Soho — Impoi ters und M;mufacturers,
Bed feathutf u'd dcwu, mostlj ("ji in England' the
produce of t'l" ci iintry, of Ireland, and of the northern
portions of Europe fc,nd Ainerica.
Horselittir and the hair of other animals, English and
American, in various atages of manufacture for the pur-
poses of weaving, stufiBng, brush and sieve rjakiug, &c.
58
MoRiiELL, Henry, 149 Fleet St<-eet —
Manufacturer.
Specimens illustrating the manufacture of lead pencils ;
Black lead (plumbago), exported from Oei'iuany and
other parts. Specimen of purified lend, and lead cut
into plates. Cedar wood from North America, cut into
veneor, and bottoms and tops for ijcncila.
Ist sti\ge. — Bottoms grooved and mHoMuo for grooving.
2n(l stage. — Bottoms, showing the pia! i' of load inserted
and tool used for cutting off.
3rd stage. — Tops, and tops glued on to bottoms.
4th stage. — Rounding machine and pencils in stages of
loundiug to completion.
Paring tool to finish the ends. Specimens of rough
and finished ends.
Stamping machine and pencils stamped, &o.
Pencils in various packages and sorts.
Specimens illustrating the manufacture of sealing wax :
1. — The resino. Stick lac, a secretion from trees punc-
tured by an insect (Coccus laccu), in the form of a reddish-
brown resinous substance, having a crystalline fracture,
enclosing the insect. Shellac produced from it. Lac
dye, exported from the East Indies to England, and again
exported into Germany, Russia, &c.
2. The colouring matter. — Mercury, Sulphur. Sul-
phuret of mercury or vermilion, the colouring matter
used for red sealing wax.
Rough sealing wax. Stick of sealing wax moulded,
partly polished, and finished and stamped. Sealing-wax
in packages, and of various qualities.
Specimens illustrating the manufacture of wafers :
Wafer tongs , Sheets of wafer, as produced from tonga
by the wafer composition being baked in them. Punches
for cutting wafers of various sizes, with samples of the
wafers cut.
Specimens of quills.
69
Heal & Son, Tottenham Court Road — Importers
and Dressers.
Specimens of bed foathej-s; Irish, English, Russian,
Hutlson's Bay, and Dontzic, in the raw state, and steamed
and dressed.
Specimens of Russian down, in the raw state, and
steamed and dressed.
Specimens of Greenland eider-down dressed.
An eider-down quilt, composed of a fine siitin centre,
and surmounted by a border of white satin, embroidered
with flowers and ornaments. Executed^by James Houlds-
worth and Co., of Manchester.
A quilt of fine Greenland eider down, covered with
blue and gold brocaded silk, designed and adapted to lay
across the foot of a bed.
60
Blyth, Hamilton, & Blvth, 52 Little Britain,
London, and Henry Street, Liverpool — Importers
and Manufacturers.
English and Dantzic goose bed feathers, in a raw state,
white and grey ; and in a dressed and purified state.
English I^lack horse-hair in a curled and manufactured
state; and in the raw state.
61 English's Patent Camphine Company, Hull —
Manufacturer.
Oleaginous seeds, tar, and turpentine, and their pro-
ducts.
62 Barker, Thomas, & Co., Breams Buildings,
Clumoenj Lane — Inventors and Manufacturers.
Spirits of turpentine, prepared by a new process, so as
to render paint inodorous aa soon as dry. Mastic varnish,
for paintings, preventing bloom, &c.
British Eau-de-Cologne and a variety of other scents
essential oils, manufactured and purified by the above
process. Hair dyes, essences, extracts, and x>orfumes.
63 Manning, Jasies, 18 Coks Teirace, Barnsbury Soad,
Islington — Manufacturer.
Viu-nish composed of voi-inus gums and pure spirits of
wine : the materials are put into a glass baiTol and made
without the aid of heat. Portraits, &c., varnished to show
its cloaruess.
64
Penney, IIenhv, 4 }'('»•* Place, Baker Strcet-
Manufacturer.
('(ili)urless linseed oil and copal vai-nish.
A door on which the varnish has been applied.
-^
ido*
Class 4.— VEGETABLE AND ANIMAL SUBSTANCES
South Gallery.
[Ukitbd
65 Skith, Bkn. Thob. ft Chas., 12 Chwch Street,
Mile End Neia Town — Mauufacturera.
Emerald gmen.
Chrome yellow, three shades. Ultramarine, three
Dualities (imported from Nuremberg). Cuinese red.
'ureblue. Oxalic acid, two qualities. Oxalate of potash.
Chromate of potash. Nitrate of lead. Oxymuriate of tin.
Colours of various kinds.
66 Jewebbcbt, H. W., k Co., 1 and 2 Mincing Lane—
Brokers and Producers.
Varieties of cochineal from Honduras, Mexico, Teneriffe,
Java, and the West Indies.
[Cochineal is an insect, the dried body of which yields
the beautiful red dye for which it is valued in commerce
and the arts. The insect is obtained in large quantities
from Mexico, the British West Indies, the United States,
and Guatemala. It is bred with great care, and feeds on
the Cactua cochinellifer. Upwards of a million pounds
were imported ten years since into the United Kingdom,
and in every pound are conttdned not fewer than 70,000
insects! Cochineal, from its resemblance to seed, was
formerly considered to be really a vegetable product.
In the cactus stove at Kew the insect may be seen alive
feeding upon the cactus of its native habitat. — B. £.]
Varieties of lac-dye from Calcutta.
[" Lac-dye" is a term commercially .applied to a colour-
ing matter extracted from stick-lac. The latter is con-
sidered to be the resinous secretion of a tree on belug
punctured by an insect common in many districts of
Eastern India. This insect is called Coccus lacca, and ia
found in enormous numbers in the forests of the moun-
tuns on the sides of the Ganges. The insect, when about
to deposit its eggs, attaches itself to the branches of
trees, and soon becomes enveloped in a layer of gummy
matter which hardens on exposure. The insect dies, and
her body shrivels into an oval bag containing a minute
drop of red fluid. This ia extracted from the Inc, and,
when formed into small masses, becomes the lac-dye uf
commerce. In 1848, 1,221,308 lbs. were imported into
the United Kingdom.— R. £.]
68 Smith & Son, 14 Corbet Court, Spitalficlds —
Producers.
Lichens from which srchil and cudbear can be produced
by steeping them in prepared ammoniacal solutions, so that
the orcine they contain may, by combination with water,
ammonia, and oxygen, develop colouring matter: — •
No. 1 . Angola Orchilla weed (Koccella montagnei), from
Angola, coast uf Africa. 2. Thick Lima Orchilla weed
(I{. tinctoriu), from Lima, South America. 3. Lima Or-
chilla weed (if. fuciformis) &t)m Lima, South America.
4. Canary Orchilla weed {R, tiyictoria), from the Canary
Islands. 5. Canary rock moss (Pannelia nprlata), from
the Canary Islands. Piistulatus moss (Gyrophora puatu-
lata), from Norway.
Eight samples of orchil and two of cudbear, all made
from \ngola lichen, and used for dyeing and printing
woollen, silk, cotton, mixed fabrics, oud luather, all
shades of crimson, violet, blue, and chocolate; used also
in making stone blue and lake pigments.
Samples Nos. 8, 9, a^U 10. Blue, violet, and red archil
weed and liquor, as taken from steeping backs, usnd for
dyeing leather and silk. 11 and 12. Red and .mrple
archil liquor, for printers' use. Vi. Elxtract of red luvliil,
for printers' use, 14 and 15. Rod and blue archil paste,
for dyeing wool and silk. 16 and 17, Cudbear, of two
qualities, for dyeing wool and siik.
Specimenn of woollens, silks, velvets, cottons, mixed
fabrics and leathers, dyed and printed with archil and
cudbear, also of stone blue and lake mode with archil.
[Lichens are flowerlefs jilivntsof very low organizatiuii,.
living on air and growing usually on the ground, or on
the surface of rocks and trees, in the form of crusts or
branching leathery expansiona. Many kinds of lichens
are available for dyeing. The species of Soccella are
most usefil, but various kinds of Leoanora (as Z.
perella, which is the Ferelle d'Auvergne, and L. tartarea,
the cudbear), Variolaria, Urceolaria, Iiidium, Lepraria,
Parmelia, Sticta, Solorina, Oyrnhora, Utnea, Evemia,
Alectoria, Jiamalina, and Cenomyce, many of which are
not at present used, would produce colouring matter.—
E. F.]
70
CooNEf , Charles, 60 Back Lane, Dublin-
facturer.
-Monu-
Samples of Irish manufacture in starch, indigo blues,
vegetable gums, and blacking.
71 Sacnders & Gatchell, Dublin — Producers.
Pastel, or imitation woad, made from the leaves of the
chicory plant, used in the dye-vat for fixing colours iu
woollen cloths, ^
72 Robinson, James, & Co,, Huddersfield — Inventors
and Manufacturers,
Archil paste and cudbear, patent process. Liquid
archil for dyeing and printing.
Samples of worsted yam dyed in best cudbear.
74 Bruce, G,, 52 Nelson Street, Liverpool — Inventor,
Black varnish, for painting and preserving wood and
iron-work, either for land or marine purposes. Blue-
coloured composition for covering wood or iron, with or
without a thin priming of paint. Rod composition for
the use of agriculturists, machinists, engineera, ship and
steamboat builders. Green and stone-coloured composi-
tion, applicable to general purposes. Spirit varnish for
wood-work.
75 LoNO &, Retkolds, Hackney — Manufacturers,
Carthamus tinctorius (Indicua), safflower. The colour-
ing matter shown in the liquid and dry state. Used for
the purposes of dyeing silk, cotton, &c. Specimens of
its effects on those materials.
[The colouring matter yielded by this plant is obtained
exclusively from the flowers. It is of a beautiful
pink colour, and is employed by dyers to produce the
peculiar colour called poyiceau. It does not, however,
bear exposure to light well. Safflower is also employed
in the preparation of the most costly descriptions of
rouge. About 6,000 cwt, are imported annually into
Britain, the greater part from the East Indies. — R >: . j
76 Sadler, J,, 2 Qlmtcesler Terrace, Segenfs Park —
Proprietor.
Mexican black and white cochineal, produce of the
department of Oaxaca.
The imports of cochineal (Cocus cacti) from Mexico,
were, in 1839, 194,903 lbs,j but, in 1841, they had dimi-
nished to 20,678 lbs. The cochineal of white silvery
lustre is most esteemed, — R. E.]
77
BuRCH, William, Sewardstone Mill, Wood/ord,
Essex — Manufacturer,
A series of substances and combinations used in the
art of dyeing; showing, in various states, the woods,
roots, flowers, metals, &c., from which dyeing coIoui-m
are obtained, with aqueous decoctions and dried extrnctn.
Various acids, and solutions of metals in acids ; dyeing
precipitates caused by the action of various metallic hoIu-
tions on vegetable colourir>g matters ; and samples of the
general effect of the colouring matters on cotton, silk,
and wool.
[Umitbd
KiNODOM.]
USED IN manufactures;
South Gallery.
tOl*
Samples of London skein ~ilk, woollen, and cotton
dyeing, in colours and shades.
Samples of cotton, dressed as hard silk, and of fast
cotton dyeing for Lisle thread gloves. The woollen dyes
by P. J. Chabot, of Spitalflelds; the silk dyes, by Bey-
nolds & Son, Temple Street, Hackney Road (for further
specimens by the above dyers, see Class 18).
Opaque or precipitant colours used in oil painting and
printing, and as water-colours x. paper, book muslin,
&c.
An illustration of the art of block printing.
Various gums and substances used in dyeing, printing,
painting, dressing, &o., and in the preparation of colour-
ing matters.
78 MooBB, John, Littkcott Farm, Petoaey, Wilts —
Proprietor.
Southdown ewe (stuffed), b"ed by the exhibitor, seven
Tears old, but never shorn. Length of the wool 25
mches, weight 36lbs.
80 Hentebson, Richard, Wooler, Northumb«rluiid—
Producer.
Fleeces of Cheviot wool, gi-uwn at an elevation of 2,600
feet above the level of the sea.
81 DoRBlEN, C, Senniooia, near Chichester — Producer.
Specimens of merino wool, produced from two-year
old sheep, sufficiently long and fine for shawl manufac-
turers; average weight of the fleece of each sheep, nearly
8 lbs.
83 Price's Patent Candle Company, Belmont,
Vauxhall — Manufacturer.
Specimens of candles, vegetable tallow, palm oil, &c.
84 Rebow, J. O., WkeiAoe Park, near Colchester —
Producer.
Southdown sheep's wool.
85 MnxNER, Robert, Dublin — Proprietor.
Fleeces, long wool, wether and c~e, and male and
female hoggets ; grown in the counties Meath and
Qalway. Fleeces, long and short wool, hogget, wether
and ewe, motmtain grown in the county Wicklow.
85a
Sectional Committee on Animal Kingdom,
Exhibition Building — Producers.
Various kinds of wool.
8G Mannings, GeorO(!, Wedhampton, near Devizes —
Manufacturer.
Diamond teg matching wool, for combing; and diamond
clothing wool, from Southdown fleeces, the produce of the
county of Wilts.
88
Sands, Wm., 8r- Co., Mortimer Street, Leeds —
Producers.
Specimens of "burry" wool in the original state, with
Rpecimens of the same cleaued by machinery.
[By "burry" wool is meant, in the language of com-
merce, wool containing a quantity of " burrs" or thorny
particles derived pi-obably from the spinous and other
thorn -bearing plants of Austr&lia. These it is necessarj'
to remove previous to the preparation of the wool for
textile purposes, and by ingenious mochineiy this is auc-
ce.ssfully accomplished. — O. T.]
00 M0TI.EY, T., Leeds — Producer.
Wool from Sydney, Nev,- South Wales.
91 Prellbr, C. a , ai Ahchurch Lane — Patentee
and Manufacturer.
English wether and hog wool.
Mohair and fine Australian wool, in the raw state as
imported; washed; and carded and balled.
Tops, being the long fibres in slivers, to be spun into
vam for the manufacture of worsted stuffs, shawls, and
hosiery.
Noils, being the shorter fibres used by blanket tnd
cloth manufacturers.
Yam, No. 70, spun from the Australian wool (coi. -
monly called Botany) tops. The peculiar process of comb-
ing by which the above tops liuve been manufactured is
patented.
[By the ordinary process the combs ore heated to a high
temperature, and oil is applied to the wool before being
drawn out in the sliver. On the presi it plan the heat
employed is not so great, but more equable, and the use
of oil can be dispensed with. The topH ai-e thus preserved
clean and white, and better suited therefore for all fine
fabrics. The specimens now exliibitec' are produced with-
out oii.— G. T.]
91a Carill, M., Baliyraggit, Kilkenny — Producer.
Fleece of Leicester wool, from the <iock bred by the
exhibitor, at Grove, county Kilkenny.
94 Irving, G. Verb, Neicton by Lcadhills, Lanarkmirc —
Producer.
Fleece of an aged ewe of the black-faced Highland
breed, unlaid.
95 Good, Floodman, & Co., Hull — Importers.
Specimen of white Iceland wool.
95a Breadalbane, Marquis of, Tay mouth, Aberfcldy,
Scotland — Pi-oprietor and Producer.
Specimens of woollen yam, made fron- the wool of the
bison.
97 LiPPERT, David, 66 Albion Street, Leeds —
Importer.
Fleeces of German wool.
[Wool is a kind of hair, characterised by an imbricated
scaly surface, when viewed under the microscope, on
which depends its remarkalde felting property and its
consequent value in manufacture.
Most quadrupeds possess the woolly variety of hair as
an under-clothing, but in a small proportion, and hidden
by the smooth exterior coarser kind of hair. In the wild
slieep (Ovis ammon and Obis musimon), the woolly vaiiety
is developed in excess; and in the domeaticatad varieties
the fleece has become improved by care and breeding until
its original coarse character has disappeared. — R. 0.]
101a Smithson, T., Bramley, Leeds — Producer.
Samples of wool.
103 HoRAN, H., 7 Stud Street, Islington — Manufacturer.
Prepared Greenland whalebone of different colours, for
covering whip handles, walking sticks, and telescopes,
and v.uious other purposes, with portions "f black and
white whalebone aa cut from the palate.
[The whalebone or Ba/ ( i, as it has bei.n called, con-
sists of numerous parallel lamii •> , descending perpendi-
cularly from the palat^e of the Balaena m jticettis. Its object,
in the economy of che animal, is 10 form an efficient
strainer for its foot', \vhich is tab n in with the water;
and the latter, when the mouth s partially closed, is
expelled, leaving the small crustocea and oUier animals,
which constitute the nourishmentof thewhalea, entangled, ,
as it were, in the laminee of whalebone. Although all the
species of Balana possess this aubstance, it is furnished
•
fl02«
Ci.A8i 4,- VEGETABLE AND ANIMAL SUBSTANCES
South Oallkry.
[Unitbd
!
in the largest quantities and of the finest quality by the
Balema tnifHticttiu, which is the object of inoeasiuit and
r >ger pursuit, not only for the value of this substance,
jut for the inunense supply of oil which is obtained f^om
ohe thick layer of blubber or cutaneous fat in which the
body is enveloped. The length of the largest pieces of
baleen in a whale 60 feet long, is frennently as much as
12 feet; and the laminie Ci-e ranged iu two series, each
containing about 300 in number. — T. B.]
104
Westall & Co., 69 Alderagate Street —
Proprietors.
1. Fins of whalebone from Greenland (Balema mysti-
cettis).
2. Fins from the north-west coast of America.
3. Fins from the South Pacific Ocean.
4. White fins, from the western coast of Australia
(^Balema Aiiatratis).
5. Finner, of the hump-backed whale (^Bal<enoptera
Boops).
6. Thirty -four specimens of whalebone.
[The fins or plates of "baleen," or whalebone, arc of on
inequilateral triangular form, the largest, which are of
most value in commerce, being arranged in a single
longitudinal series on - ch side of the upper jaw of the
"whalelwne whales" (Balamulw), descending vertically,
and euding in a fringe of bristles: the smaller p'luto!) are
arrpjiged in oblique series, iuturual to the mai-ginal onos.
The base of each plate is hollow and is fixed upou a pulp
>iuveloped from a vascular germ, which is attached to a
bioad and shadlow depression occupying the whole of the
palatal surface of the mwdllary bones. The plates are h<:
disposed as that their . ringed terminations are <l'ri'..totl
downwards, and inclining iiwards the back ]iait of the
mouth, and they prevent the escape of tlii> muuH marine
animals which constituto the food of tlio great whalos
(Baloiun), and for the prehension of which this singular
substitute for the teeth is adapted. The baleen plates
are small ast at the two extremities of the series; the
large intermediate anes sometimes attain the length of
15 feet, being above a foot broad at their base. There
ore aboit 200 plates in the outer row on each side of the
mouth in the "true whole" {Balwna mysticctiis), ^Taoh
plate consists of - central coarse Curous substance and an
exterior compact fibrous layer: but this reanhes to a cer-
tain extent only, beyond which the central part projects
in the form of a frmge of bristles. The chemical basin of
baleen is albumen, hivrdened by a small proportion of
phosphate of lime. The baleen plates of the finners or
hump-backed whales {Ualcmoptera) are smaller, o . I o''
less value than those from the true whales (Balvma mys-
ticcttis). — R. O.J
105 Claossen, Pet!;r, 20 Qresham Street, London —
Inventor and Patentee.
Samples ■•' flax ■r'^oared by the exhibitor's process,
intended < 'low i : universal applicability of tiax fibre
to the pui-pi---8 of textile manufauliii'Rs.
The firs* set of samples ai-e i. luled to show the
• arious p>'H' ses resorted to iu the prepamtion of flax
into a ma j lal capable of being spun aloue, or mixed
with various proportions of cotton upon any of the ordi-
nary cotton-spinning machines. The samples show, 1st,
the flax in the straw as pulled from the ground, cut into
appropriate lengihs by suitable machinery. 2ud. As it
appears after having undei'goue the first process of satu-
ration in a soluticiu of soda renuired to remove the glu-
tinous substance adhering to the fibres, jrd. The fil>ios
as seen after the removal of the "shove," or woody part
of the plant. 4th. The flax transformed into a cotton-
like aubstance by the expansive force of carbonio acid piw
produced by the action of an ii^id iipoo the noi\n, taken
up by the fibres in the previous stage. The fith, nth,
and 7th shows the same bleached, dried, carde<l, and
ready for spinning. The remaiiiinit articles in this series
are samples of mule and throstle yarn of various numbers,
some of which are composed entirely of flax, and others of
various proportions of flax and cotton. Both those descrip-
tions of yam are exhibited, bleached and dyed in various
colours for the purpose of sliowing that flax, prepared
upon this process, is ca]>able of receiving the same opaque
dye 08 cotton, and, in tlie mixed yams, no diflerence can
be distinguished in point of colour or of shade between
the two materials. Samples of grey and blenched, dyed
and printed cloth woven from the yams, prepared us above,
are also exhibited. The yarns formed of a mixture of flax
and cotton are termed " flax-cotton " yams.
The second series of samples consists of yams fomied
of various proportions of flax and wool called " flax-wool
yams," the flax being prepared, in many respects, in the
B,kme manner as when required for spuming on cotton
machinery. The mixed woollen and flax yivms were spun
on the ordinary woollen machinery. Samples of flannel
and of woollen cloths, milled and dyed, woven from these
mixed yams, of various colotux.
The third series contains samples of flax prepared for
spinning alone or combined with short silk upon the
ordinary silk machinery. The flax so pre^x.red is shown,
dyed various coloura, and possessing, unlike the samples
prepared for the cotton machinery, the brilliancy of
(Milour which is peculiar to silk. The yams formed of
equal or other proportions of flax and silk, which are
termed "flax-silk yams," ore shown dyed ; luid, osin the
c«bi) of the "flax-cotton," no ditfei'ence of shade or colour
is (xirtjoptible in the two materials. A quantity of silk,
woven from "flax-silk" yai'ns, is also shown in this
series.
In the fourth series, samples illustrative of the exhi-
bitor's n'odt of prepai'ing flax for spinning upon the
ordinary flux machinery, and for its manufaotii'e into liunu
fabrics.
A fifth series consists of various samples of hemp, jute,
and thu fibrous substances pl•op^u^)d, either in whole or iu
part, 08 above; and samples of cloth woven ujMin the
Chevalier Clousseu's ciroilor loom for the purpose of
showing the applicability of the invention to articles of
hosiery.
The advantages claimed as arising from the process,
illustrated in the fom-th series for preimring flax for the
linen manufactures, ore its simplicity, rapidity, certainty,
and cheapness. By this process a ftbi-e neiu-ly ivoo fi-om
colour is procured, so that the after process of bleaching
ib greatly facilitated : the fibre is also pui-o when pro-
duced, so that the same weight, or nearly so, (f ynm, cim
be spun from a given weight of fibre ; and the loss in
bleaching is very small, as it consists only of the removal
Of accidental impurities received in the process of manu-
facture.
The three first se-'"s of samples ai-e intended to show
the applicability of ti- flnx fibro for textile nianufactuit^s,
other than linen or cambrics. It can also be spun aloao,
on cotton machinery, by the ordinary cotton pi-ocess.
It has long been a dosidoratum with wool'on manufao-
turers of all classes to obtain a material chuapoi -!;an wool,
possessingthe same felting or "milling" properties. Cot-
ton and China grass have not this )m>pei ty. The flax fibre
is said to be stronger than the wool, luid to mill e((ually
with it. The sample shown was milled from ^A inches
wide (as it fell from the loom) to 28, its prosent width.
To prove its felting properties fully, hats have been niado
from the fibre mixed with an iusignifloaut portion of
rabbits' hair.
1. Flax-seed and flowers (in wax).
2. Flax-straw with the seed-bolls on.
3. Flax-straw rippled or dopnve<1 iho seed-bolls.
4. Flax-straw OS prepared by the l. inner (by the exhi-
bitor's machine). By this operation the straw \n freed
from the greater portion of the woo(<, and i* reihioeil to
one-third of its original bulk and weight, ninl the fibre
is left uninjured, and in a fitter state for th<; next
process.
[Unithd
Tho nth. flth,
1, oarclod, and
« in this aoriua
I'ioug numbora,
:, and others of
h these deRcrip-
ilyed in various
n<w, prepared
le same opnque
difference can
hade between
leached, dyed
pared 4w above,
mixture of flaj
I.
yams formed
od " flox-wool
wpeots, in the
ing on cotton
uim were spun
pies of flannel
ven from these
: prepared for
lifk upon tlio
•red is shown,
ie the samples
brilliancy of
ma formed of
Ik, which aro
luid, as in tho
mdoor C'llour
uitity of silk,
lown in this
' of tho oxhi-
ug upon tho
. U"o into linen
if hemp, jute,
n whole or in
on ujwn the
8 piirpiiso of
to articles of
the procoHfi,
? Uax for the
ty, « dj-tointy,
rly ii'oe fi-oin
of bleaching
■o when pro-
■'f yiuTi, can
I the loss in
the removal
M8 of uiauii-
ded to show
anufoctiutH,
spun aloao,
pi'ocoss.
'n niiinufao.
t lian wool,
'rtioR. Cot-
'hoflaxfil.ro
"lill eiiually
" W iiiuhes
sent width.
been iiiado
portion of
d -bolls.
f tho cxlii-
»w iM fivo.l
n'.liiocl to
I fh« fil.ro
the next
KiMODOM.]
USED IN MANUFACTURES.
South Gai.i.eby.
ao8*
5. Flax ttraw, as above, after having underp;ono tho
alkaline part of the process.
6. Flax -straw, as above, after having undergone the acid
part of the process.
7. The fibre, as above, unbleached, scutched.
8. Flax-straw prepared, unbleached, and scutched.
0. Flax-straw prepared whole by processes ^ and 6, or
not having undergone the breaking process described in
No. 4.
10. Flax-straw, prepared and bleached as above, in the
straw.
11. Flax, prepared, bleached, and scutched in the straw
whole,
12. Flax-straw, prepared, broken by the exhibitor's
machine (No. 4) and bleached iu the bulk.
13. The same scutched.
14. Flax split according to the exhibitor's natural
colour.
15. The same, bleached.
16. Linen yams spun from fibre prepared by the above
processes, i. o., from fibre, natural colour, whole; from
the same, split; from fibre, bleached in the straw, whole;
from the same split.
17. Linen cloths woven from each of the above-
described yams.
Short Fibre.
18. Flax-straw cut into lengths for producing fibre to
spin on cotton machinei-y, wool or silk, whole.
19. The same, having been partially deprived of its
refuse (process No. 4), cut into short lengths.
20. The same, after the alkaline process.
21. The same, after the acid process.
22. The same, fibre split.
23. Flax-fibre, separated from the refuse, unbleached.
24. The same, separated from the refuse, bleached iu
the straw.
25. The same, unbleached and carded, fit for spinning
on cotton machinery.
26. The same, bleached and carded for cotton ma-
chinery.
27. The same, in slivera.
28. The same, in rovings. ' ,
29. The same, in yarn.
Flax Cotton,
30. Flax-cotton — half cotton and half flax in wool, —
OS above.
31. The same, slivers.
32. The same, rovings.
33. The same, yarns, mule, and throstle.
34. Cloths, all flax, spun and woven on cotton ma-
chinery.
35. The same, flax and cotton, spun and woven on
cotton machinery.
36. Flax-cotton yams, dyed by the ordinary cotton
procesaes, showing that flax fibre takes colour exactly iu
the same mauner as cotton.
37. Flax cloths, dyed and printed.
38. Flax cotton cloths, dyed and printed.
Flax Silk.
39. Fibre prep,ired for spinning on silk machinery.
40. Slivers of flax and sliort silk, mixed in vaiious pro-
portions.
41. Rovings made from such clivers.
42. Yams made from such iwiugs.
43. Cloths made from snoh yarns.
44. Flax fibre (pure) dyed by the ordinary process for
dyeing silk, showing the gi-eater briUismcy of the flax
when prepared by the patent process.
45. Flax-silk cloths dyed and printed.
Flax Wool.
46. Flax fibre for mixing with wool (carded).
47. Flax and wool mixed together in equal parts.
48. Slubbings from the same.
49. Yarns from such slubbings.
50. Cloths produced from such yarns, woven on the
exhibitor's circular loom,
51 . Flax and wool mixed for flannels.
62. Yams produced from the same.
53. Cloth produced from the same.
54. The same dyed.
55. Various samples of cloths produced from flax, flux-
cotton, flax-silk, flax-wool, woven on Chevalier Clausseu's
circular loom, and intended to show the applicability of
the invention to hosiery, &c.
56. Various samples of hemp, and other fibrous plants,
prepared either in whole, or in part, as above.
106 RoYAt, Belfast Flax Imphovement Society —
Producer.
Specimens of flax.
107 RoTLE, J. Forbes, M.D., F.R.S,, Acton Oreen—
Collector.
Specimens of cotton.
108 PucKRiDGE, Frederick, 5 and 6 Ktwjsland Place,
A'in</«/((nrf— Patentee and Miuiufacturer.
Goldbeater's skin. The raw material, or skin of the gut
of oxen. The material in its various conditions, as used
for other purposes. The raw material manufactured into
goldbeater's skin. T'fuld of skins, as used in France and
Belgium, in which leai i aid is beaten out for gilding.
Flexible fine gold, silver, and other metals, for orna-
mental purposes, in sheets of any length.
[Ooldbeater's skin is a membi-aue separated from animal
intestine, attenuated by beating with a hammer, and
subsequently prepared so as to resist putrefaction.]
109 Staight, Thomas, 12 VVd/irooA— Manufacturer.
Specimens of turning and carving in ivory, viz., vaso,
pedestal and flowers; carved ivory candelabra; pedestal
thermometers; ivory paper knives.
Qraydon's registered ivory chessmen, cai'ved, the
Crusaders.
Specimens of carving in pearl, viz., card cases, work
boxes, watch cases, paper knives, and tablets.
Ill
Tebditt, W., 4 North Crcscmt, Bedford Sqmre —
Manufacturer.
Omamented box, calculated to contain four packs of
plajring cards, manufactured entirely from the two shells
known in commerce as the mother-of-pearl and the New
Zealand green-ear; surrounded by an elegant specimeu of
pierced work, intended as a border for the cover of a
di-awing-room table book; the cover to be of blue velvet.
[The mother-of-pearl shell is a bivalve of the genus
Arinlit. Several species are used in commerce. The
" New Z'jaland green-ear" is a univalve of the genus
Ilitliotis, of which a kind lives in the seas of the Channel
Islands, and is used also for the purposes of inlaying. —
E. F.]
Lady's visiting card-case; subject, Belisarius.
Taper candlestick; shoe-slip; door-handle; paper-knives;
umbrella-hooks ; and a ten-inch rule.
The whole made by hand, and wrought exclusively by
English workmen.
114 Markwick, Mark, 32 Kini/ William Street —
Manufacturer.
.Specimens of Markwick's patent "epithems" for
medical, surgical, and veterinary purposes.
"Impermeable spongio-piliue," for applying heated
tluids to the surface of the body, in lieu of poultices and
fomentations. A spongio-piline sock; knee-cap; finger-
stall ; and breast-poultice.
Impermeable water-dressing. This material is intended
for the application of lotions, either simple or medicated,
to ulcerated surfaces.
8M*
Clash 4.— VEGETABLE AND ANraAL SUBSTANCES
South Oallrhv.
[IJnitkd
Impermeable " piline," for atPurding proisatlon againit
cold luul wet, Sec: in vorinua forma, fitted in varioua parte
of the ponon, aiui applicable to different usee.
[The material here deaoribed oonsiata of a soft and
abeorbent layer of iponge, or limilar material, placed
upon a iheet of thin caoutchouc. The impermeability of
the latter prevents the evaporation of the liquid, and the
oombinod material becomes a oonvenieut substitute for an
ordinary poultice. — R. E.]
115 OnANViuJt & Co. , 0 Oreaham St. West — Proprietor ;
Burke, Wm. H., Tuttenkam — Manufacturers.
India-rubber waterproof silk and cotton garments, sea-
men's coats, and bats. Silk, satin, and ootton-covered
air-proof cushions. Cotton air-proof pillow and swimming
belt. Different makes of India-rubber webs. Mohair
and genappe braids. India-rubber thread for weaving
into webs. Patent mineralized rubber, unaffected by
heat, cold, or grease, and without anv of the efflorescence
or smell of sulphurized or vulcanized rubber.
[In addition to its combination with sulphur, caoutchouc
has been mechanically united, by mastication, with other
substances, such as antimony, kc. It is difficult to de-
termine whether a true chemical union takes place in
such combinations. But the caoutchouc undergoes con-
siderable alteration in its properties, and acquires some
new ones. — R. E.]
116 Kea, Edward, 117 Wurdour Street —
Manufacturer.
Lac insects, or coccus lacca; lac stick, Siam and Bengal.
Products — Seed lac, oi-onge and ruby; shell lac, orange
and ruby, lump and button. Lao lake and lao dye,
shell lao, lacquers, Ac. Polish, varnishes, sealing wax ;
&c. ; white lac, lac wax, yellow and white. Oum elemi,
thus, or frankincense; sandrac; mastic, and varnishes.
Dragon's blood, grass-tree gum, gum kturi, or Austra-
lian copal, gum animi; copal; damur; rosin, rough tur-
pentine, Canada balsam, varnish resin, oil varnish, colour-
less paper varnish, resin varnish, kc. ; purified rough
turpentme, and spirits of turpentine, vomuh, Ac.
[Qum elemi and frankincense are furnished by plants
of the order Amyridece, a family allied to the orange tribe;
they are tropical.
Qum sandrac, or sandarack, is the product of a North
African tree allied to the juniper, probably the Calitris
qnmjrivalvis.
Mostich is derived from species of pistochia, natives
of the Mediterranean region; they belong to the cashew-
nut tribe (Anacardiacete), a family furnishing many var-
nishes.
Dragon's blood is produced by the Dractcna draco, a
liliaceous plant; the Cattitris draco, a palm; and the Ptero-
carpus Draco, a sandal-wood tree, of the pea tribe ; from the
wood of the first and lost named, and from the fruit of
the second; they ore all tropical.
Qrass-tree gum is from Xant/wrrha;, an Australian plant
of the lily tribe. Gum animi is from the /Tymerura cour-
baril, and copal from other tropical species of the same
genus, belonging to the pea tribe.
The balsams and turpentines are resinous secretions
from trees of the pine tribe. Canada balsam is from the
Abies balsamea, or balm of Qilead fir. Damm- is fi-om Dam-
mora, a New Zealand pine. — E. P.]
117
Simpson, Huhphret, & Vickers, 2.3 Little
Britain — Importers and Manufacturei's.
Various specimens of isinglass, cut and uncut.
[Isinglass is the swimming bladder of sturgeons caught
in the Caspian and Aral seas, and in all large rivers in
Siberia; an inferior kind is also taken from fish found in
the rivers of South America, in the Demerara and Ber-
bice rivers, and in the East Indies. Formerly isinglsss
was torn up by band, or out with ucisaort; it is now rolled
and out by machinery.]
118 Dxwtos & VLoRiaa, 9Q Fenchiirch Street—
Importers and Manufacturers.
Specimens of Russian and Brazil isinglass.
110 SwiNBORNB, T. C. & O., & Co., Coggeshall, and
1 Oreat Tower Strent, London — Mknufaoturers.
Refined isinglass and gelatines.
Clarifying isinglass and gelatines. ,
Glues, and manufacturer's gelatines.
120
Watt, W., & Son, Dumfries, Scottand-^
Manufacturers.
Olue mode from pieces of hides and skins, principally
used by cabinet-makers and joiners.
121 Abdott & Wrioht, Needham Market, Suffolk—
Manufacturers.
Two cakes of crown glue, manufactured flrom the hid is
and feet of cattle.
122 NiMMO, Thomas, k Co., Linlithgow, Scotland—
Manufacturers.
Specimens of glue: — Strong, for the iwe of joiners,
&c.; refined, for paper-makers, &o. ; and extra-refined
gelatine.
124 Tccker, E., £«//(!i«<— Manufacturer.
Specimens of glue.
126 Dufaville, W., Broughton House, Islington —
Manufacturer.
Culinary articles ; fish, crystal, brilliant, and various
other gelatines; British isinglass, &c.; loose and in gela-
tine wrappers.
125a Mcller, F., 2 Hill Street, Hackney Boad—
Manufacturer.
Specimens of gelatine and glue, adapted for general use;
but especially delicate cabinet-work.
1 26 Curtis Brothers k Co., 19 Coleman Street —
Factors.
Substances used for tanning leather: oak bark (Quercut
petlimcnlata and sessili/iorai), English tree, in the rough,
cleaned, chopped, and ground ; coppice, in the rough,
chopped, and ground ; Flemish tree and coppice, cleaned
and chopped ; P itch tree, cleaned and chopped. Larch
bark (Abies larU), Scotch, in the rough, and ground.
Mimosa bark (Acacia), Now South Wales, in the rough and
ground. Babool bark (Acacia Arabica), Calcutta. Cork-
tree bark (Quei-cus siil)er), Larache and Rabat. Hemlock
spruce (Abies Canadensis), United States, in the rough and
gi-ound. Sumach (lihits coriarin), Sicily. Valonia (Qucrcus
atgilops), Smyrna. Valonia (dimata), Dragomestra, Morea.
Divi-divi (Casalpinia coriaria), Maracaibo, Rio de la Hache,
Savaiiilla. Myrobalans ( Tb-mmrt/ii), Calcutta. Terra Japo-
nica (Nawlea Oambia), Singapore, in import package, and
loose. Cutch (Acacia catechu), Pegu, in import x>ackage,
and loose,
[The active principle for which all these articles are
valued in the process of tanning leather is tannin, or tannic
acid. It exists in greater or smaller proportions in each
vegetable product named, being found principally in the
bark. Except for the puqioses of chemistry and medicine,
tannin is not extmcted from these substances, which are
consequently employed, iu a more or less comminuted
state, in the conversion of the gelatine of the hides, &c.,
into tannato of gelatine, or loatlier, — R, E,]
KlKODOM.]
USED IN MANUFACTURES.
South Oau,eby,
20a«
126a Kitohin, J., 42 Commercial Sale Roomt, Mincing
Lane — Producer.
Shumao, in the leaf, and ground, from Palermo, used
in tanning sheep and calf skina, moroccos, &o.
127 Frknch, Beal, 51 Cmtched Friari — Importer
and Manufacturer.
Cork, raw materi-tl ; cork, manufoctured by hand.
[Cork ia the exterior bark of Quercus subcr, a apeoies of
oak native, cultivated in Spain, Portugal, and the aouth
of France. A tree ia ready for barking when it reaohea
15 yeara in age, and between that and 30 yean may be
barked aeveral timea,— E. F.]
128 Holt, Edward, 24 White Rock Place, Hastings —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Moaaea, collected from various places in Eoat Sussex,
arranged in the form of a vase, and placed in an oak
frame, with a description of the uses of the plants.
Sea-weeds, zoophytes, corallines, &c., found on the
rooks and coast of Hastings and St. Leonards, orna-
mentally diaplayed in the form of a wreatli, and placed in
a cars'ed gilt frame; with the various uses of the plants,
for medicmal and other purposes, briefly described.
Collection of sea-weeds, called the " treasures of the
deep," with shells and specimons of Hastings' pebbles,
under a gloss shade, collected and dried by Mary Ami
Holt.
130 Field, J. C. & J., 12 Wigmore Street, Cavendish Sq.,
and 36 ITpper Marsh, Lambeth — Manufacturers.
Specimens of stearine, produced entirely from tallow;
exhibited for hardness, whiteness, and transparency. A
combination of stearic and margario acids for candle-
making and aeveral other purposes of minor importance.
131
Gboves, Nicholas, 58 Watling Street, Dublin —
Manufacturer.
Specimens of parchment and glue of Irish manufacture.
132 Peet, Thomas, 6 Frederick Street, Regents Park —
Manufacturer,
Corks, solely of British manufacture; cut by hand.
134 Bbeadalbane, Marquis of, Taymouth, Aberfeldy,
Perthr— Producer.
Four squares of flooring, showing specimens of some
of the woods grown in Perthshire and Argyllshire.
Table, chair, and chest of drawers, veneered with roots
of the natural Scotch flr, dug from peat bog in the forest
of Glenorchy, Argyllshire.
135 Fauntleroy, Robert, & Sons, Potters Fields,
Tooleij Street — Producers.
Gbound Floor. S. 11, 12, 13, and 14.
An extensive collection of foreign, hard, and fancy
woods.
An elephant's head, with tusks and grinders.
A variety of teeth of elephants, hippopotamus, and
walrus. Horns of the sea unicorn.
Mother-of-pearl shells. Corozo nuts, or vegetable ivory.
Coquilla nuts, &c.
yamei.
1. Amboyna, or Kiabooka
(Ptermpiermum indkum.)
2. AfHcan black wood (Co-
cobolo prieto).
3. Angica
4. Karwood (Bapliia nitidii)
5. lleern'ood, or lluUy tree
{Rftbinia paniicoco'),
6. Botany Hay Oak (t'osua-
rina Jtricin).
7. Iloxwood (_Buxut bnlea-
ricii).
[4.]
Places o/Produef.
K Indies, Ilorneo,
Amboyna.
Africa, Madagas-
car, &c.
TlieUraiila . . .
Africa, (W. Coast)
Guiana (Demerara)
N. S. Wales . .
Turkey ....
Purpmei.
Cabinet-work.
Tumingf.
Cabinet-work and
turnin|(.
I^yeini; and turning.
Macliinery and
turning.
Turning and brush-
making.
Turning, machinery,
anil wood engraving,
Ifamei,
Boxwood ^Buaiu lemptr-
vlrt»f).
Boxwood. .......
Boxwood • . .
8. Bruil wood iCaialpinla
bnurilltiuli.)
9. Brutletto (Catalpimia
Balummitt).
10, Cam wood ( BnpMa k^'.'s)
11. Camphor wood (Cuac
12.
jihora nfflciiutUt,')
danary ' "
wood (Lawui
indie'n),
13. Cedar (peneU) (Junius
virgifilami).
U. Cedar (Cuba) (Cedrila
odorata).
IS. Cocoa wood ^Amerlmitum
tbtitiu).
Coouswood
It. Coromandel or Calaman-
der (DliamroM Airiiita).
17. Ebony (blaek) Diatpyns
mtlarutrylim).
Ebony (blaok) {Dioipyrot
abenum).
Ebony (black) {Dioipyrot
ebtniuttr).
Ebony (black) Dloupj/rot
melano.tylun').
18. Ebony (Oreen) Amtrim'
nitm ebmtu),
19. Fustio(Jirac/iira tinctmia)
Fustle(iUMCul(aiiO. •
20. Hickory (billets) (Carya
alba)
21. Ironwood (_Sidero*ylim,
*e-)
22. Jar.kwood (Artncarput in-
te(iri/>ilia).
23. Kingwood
Knilaiid,
«to. . . .
America . .
Kast Indira.
Tlie Itrailli
Jamaiea and the)
Bahamas . , • I
AMca,We«tCoaat'
China, Borneo, 8cc.
The Bi-aills, Sic. ,
The United Sutes.
Wett Indies, lia-
na... .
Jamaica , . .
Laneewood spars {Ouat^
Uria virgata).
Letterwood or Snakewood
{Broiimum auUttU),
Lipium vitas (^Ouaiaeum
officinale)
Ptacn of Produce,
Spain, J
Tunilnf.
Dyeing and tuminf •
Cabinet-work.
Cabinet-work and
turning.
Pencils, and cabinet-
work.
Cabinet-work.
:}
Purpuiet,
Turning, &e.
Cabinet-work
turning.
and
Turning and eabin«t>
work.
Cuba
Kast Indies (Cey^
Ion, Manilla, Uta ->
Africa, W, Coast •'
Mauritius and
Madagascar.
Ceylon
Bombay, gfc,
Sumatra, he. .
Jamaica and the
vJ!!'&°ll(Cul>a,J Djolng and turning,
also SavanllU.) ,
Ionian Islands Dyeing.
(Zante.)
The United States Handspikes, flshing-
rods, Kc.
Machinery and
f I^"* '"'""• j (■rne.?;ork and
I ( turning,
llie Brazils . . . Turning and cabinet-
work.
West Indies (Cuba,>(iig sliafts, archery
the
Lignum vita (Owfacvm
officifuiU),
27. Logwood (Hamatoxj/lon
enmpecAianutn),
28. Madagascar red wood . .
29. Maple (bird's-eye and
Rock) (.^eor tacchiiri-
fium).
Maple (Russian) {Acer
tatarieum).
Maple (English) (.Acer
eampeitre).
30. Nicaragua wood {Catal-
pinia Hamatiaylim, tjc.)
31. Nutmegwood (^Arecnca-
leehu).
32. Palm-tree (blaok) (Coeot
nt'epere).
Palm-tree (red and
brown)
Palm-tree (prickly lironn)
(Cocof guianensin).
33. Partridra wood (brown
and red) (^Heitteria cuc-
cinea),
34. Plieasant wood (ffeistcrtn
eueciiua).
35. Princes wood (Cordia Oc-
rtucontAas)-
36. Purple wood {Cofaifera
ruSiflorn)
37. Queen wood, or Jngcca
wooil (^Laural ehlurux-
ylim)
33. lied Sanders wood (Pleru-
carpus lantad'niu).
39. Rosewood ( Triiptolvmea)
Rosewood {Amyris balsam-
i/era).
Rosewood (Dalbergin toll-
folia)
40. Itosetta wood
Jamaica).
Ouiana and
Brasila.
West Indies (St.
Domingo, Ja-
maica, Porto
Rico, Cuba,
Honduras, the
Bahamas) . •
Australia . . .
West Indies, also
Central America.
Madajjascar . . .
North America
. Siberia, &c.
England . .
Central America,
8tc.
The Brazils
(I'kra) , . .
bows, j<£C.
Turnery and archery
bows.
Sheaves for ships'
blocks, turning, and
machinery.
Turning.
Dyeing.
Turning and cabinet-
work.
Cabinet-work.
East and West
Indies . .
.Tlie Bra'/.ils and
r West Indies .
West Indies (Ja-
maica).
^The Brazils and I
West Indies . j
East Indies (Cal-
cutta, &c).
The Brazils (Rio
de Janeiro and
Bahia
Honduras, 8i:o. .
' Rast Indies .
Dyeing.
Turning and cabinet-
work, umbrella and
parasol sticks, 8ie.
Turning and cabinet-
work, umbrella and
parasol sticks, &c.
Dyeing and turning.
Cabinet-work, turn-
ing, and brush-
making.
^Official Illustrated CATAi,ocnE.]
t06*
ri^88 4.~VKaETAnLE AND ANIMAL SUBSTANCKS
^^ocTH (Uu.rRY.
[ Unitkd
tl»mn.
i\, 8kbli>u I . .
4S. Sudalwood (SmM/iim
iiMini)
43. Stpanwooil (UfMj^n/a
Sa^nn^
44. Sapodllk {Faguta fte-
ri.l«).
4A. 8*tln wood
Sktln wood {CMuranlkiu,
«!. Tulip wood Tliallnilli
Phv* of PriKluct.
Cnbk . • ■ . • .
[uwtlndlM .i
Honduiu ....
Kiat IniliM . .
iWi'A IndiM
(St. Domlnico, 1
I'oito Rleo, It I
tha Iklmmiu) {
Pur/i. .vt,
Shlp-liulldlnf knii
nirnllure.
PeTriimprv Mid »1>I-
iiit-work.
DytliiK.
Muhlnary Mid
tunitn|.
Mriiili-makhiir, mbi.
not-work, Mid turn*
Ing,
T
IDRRirr AND PARK WOUDB-nmlhwf.
CaMnit-work ki.n
iiriiliiff.
47. Wtlnut wood (.fv^/aiM iIltlyMid Dal||iuni i'aliinet-work i>nJ
rrgia).
48. Ye'wtTC«(2'i«.ru(ni'ni(a') Enghind uid H|i*in
49. Z<ibnwood(Oiiq)Wi4iiiMTlieUniilU , . .
jMitbtrli).
All nlephant'i lirwl, with
tiuka uid grindeni com-
plete.
Efe)>huitt' tiukt • . . .
Eleplianti' tntki ■ • .
KI*»phiint«* irrinden . • .
Srii lione, or lllppopot
amus, •ootli (ciuved and
•tralKlit).
Smi-cnw, or walrus, teeth
8ea-u xoriM'honu. . .
Mo*). r-oM'eul ahellii
(wluto ed(e).
Mollier-oM'Cul ahelk
(yellow)
Mother-oM'eMl sliella
(black)
Mother-oT-Pearl ihella
(Bombav)
MatherK>/-l'eul iliella
(Huflklo)
CoqulUo nnia ( rtttnlta
/i«i/rra),akind of palm
tree, wliic'-. yields the
flbres now in use for
cosjT'W brboms, ikc.
Cotoao, or Coriisro nuts'
( thyteltii u maeruairpa)
\Wc«, W. Coait .
Ahica — ('ama-
roon.<iulcl Coast,
AuLfolA, andTlte
C!a|>«
Calcutta, I'^snt In-
dies, and Alex-
andrU ....
Africa
I^it Indies and
Afrin ....
I Hudson's llay
Sincapore . . •
Manilla . . . .
TahHi
Bombay ....
S. America. . •
Braiil*
Kun-stoeks.
.^rdifry bows and
turnlnK,
(^ablnct-work and
turning.
(Cutlery, liimlnir,
carringi &C.
Uentlats and taming.
Hntton-makhig,
turning, and fancy
work.
Turning.
Colombia
I
In the Nave. — A circular slab of Honduraa miiliogwiy,
7 ft. j in. in diameter.
13<i Cross, Samuel, 57 Bunhill ifow— Proprietor.
English-gron-n woudB, with their botuiiical names and
somo of thuir various U8( s.
FOltEST AND PARK WDODS.
JVu. liuianicnl Nume,
1 Rubinia Pseuda-
cacia .
2 Thuja oonldonta-
lis, or T. orien-
Ulis.
3 Fraxlnus excel-
sior.
4 Pyrus aucuparia
6 Pyrur • . . •
6 Alnus glutinosa
7 Fopulustremula
Popular Name.
AcRciit Lo-
CUHt-ttpfi .
Antiijric in
Ar^tor \'itio
orC'.iincse .
Asli . .
Ash, Mountain
Ash, Itrooplng
Alder . .
Asppn, see
I'uplar,
Babilnt—Vui.
Cluiir-making ; cricket-stumps
and turnery ; posts, jcc.
Atin and Amerirn (scarce). —
Fancy cabinet-work, inlay-
ing, ikc.
Europe and North of Mia.—
Every description of car-
riage building, agricultural
implements, and felloes for
wheels; handles of erery
kind ; viirious turnery ; bent
fur hoops and measures, &C.
Europe and Anin. — Pattens
clogs, hat-blocks, broom-
sticKs. brush-hokrds, rollers
for silk gomltf. and various
toys and turnery ; makes the
best charcoal for coppes-
siniths and gunpowder ; the
bark used in liglit tanning.
No, Biitanieal Nnnu,
8 Fagussylratkm
11
13
31
I'i'pninr Nam:
Ucedi . .
Huhluit-Vut.
'rnpf.'
dlllce<,
- roundalinns of Isrg*
, and building la
general ; oil mill stampf rs,
r»>>inet, rhsir, and liedsteail
makingi saddle tree and liut making ; cut for screws |
plsne making, and tool handles; wheeleni' work,
and felloes fnr wheels; large lettrr< Ibr printing,
brush-hnards, iriri bottoms of shipsnii,! harfea) tur-
nery, llrewooil for psatry-cnoks, and glsss-bcndlng.
0 Fagns sylvatica ! Ueecli, Wlilte A'uriA Amenta. — Tha same
purposes.
1 0 Itetula allia ,
lluxiis semperit-
reiia,
Abies Cedrus ,
vF^Kuhis Illppo-
castsuum.
14 Castaaea vesra ,
Pyrus Malus
Cornussanguinea
17 Ulroua ,
18 Ulmus . . .
19 IJlmuH montana
SO Abies Lnrix .
Pinussvlvestris.
Abies nceii .
Abies excelsior ,
CoryUis Avellana
Carpinos Botulus
Ilex Aquifolium
Cytisus Labur-
num.
Tllia Buropica .
Syringa vulgaris
Acer campestre.
32 Cerasus avium ,
33
Quercus
culata.
Birch
Hox
Cedar of L»-
hanon.
Chestnut,
Horse.
Chestnut,
Spanish.
Crab .
Dogwooil
Elm .
Kim, Dutch,
or Sand.
lUm Wych .
Larch Fir .
Sci.lch Fir
Silver Fir
Spruce Fir
I'Ine Kir
Haul .
Ilombetm
Holly
Laburnum
Lime .
Lilac
Maple
Merry, or
Wild Cheny
Oak .
Ilottoms of pattens and clog%
turnery, rrels.siid toy*.
Eurnpmnand furhry.— ^yamX
engraving, turnery , ftincy
work, Ike.
Valuable as an ornaments)
tree ) available for Amoy bin-
making, cabinet and other
(lincy worlt.
tnla\ing cabinet work, Fon-
hridge ware, brush iMianIs,
stained ornamental work,
and common buildings.
fsrupe.— Carving, Interior of
ecolesiimtliai and other
buildings, cabinet-work, kc.
(Very hard). — Engineering
purposes, turnery, lie.
Chtelly for skewers (small).
Enrope.—Toi bottoms of ship*
snii barges, ships' blocks,
gun-csrriagcs, mast caps,
I'lies for foundations, rail-
way sleepers, wheelwrights'
and millwrights' purposes;
liored fur pipes and pumps |
large turnery, and culinary
purposes ; naves for wheels)
Collins, bellows, scala-lxMlu
making, tkc.
reas making, &c.
Daat-building,and some ofthe
above-mentioned uses.
Cabinet-work, building pur-
poses, railway sleepers,
fencing, posts, gates, etc. ;
the bark used for tanning.
Chielly used for buUding
purposes, railway sleepers,
fencing, ikc.
Hoop handles, small turnery,
fltliing - rod", cotton - reels,
pea-Hticks, lie.
Cogn lor inill-wlieeli', mallets,
skittles, and hard-turnery.
Engraving blocks fur silk and
calico printing, fancy cabi-
net-work, whip-sticks, small
turnery.
Used for turnery.
Carving purposes, musical In-
struments, pisno-foite keys,
cutting-boards, 8ce.
Fancy cabinet-work, veneei-
ing ; chair, musical instru-
ment, snd frame making.
Chair-making, Hit
34
35
QuercQs cerris
QueKus Ilex
pcdun- Oak . . Ship-building timbers as, fut-
tocks, knre:j, htem and stern
posts, lop-timbers, Hoors^
and planks for covering the
ftame ; barge and boat-
building, duck-gates, and
larra buildings generally ;
railway carriage building,
liquor-back making, and en-
gineers', wheelwrlfrfits', and carpeuten' purposes;
railway sleepets, piles, codlns, and furniture gene-
rally ; stocks and 6;^kes fur wheels, posts, rails, and
cleft-pales lor fencing, Ike. ; the reil Ibr fancy cabinet-
work ; the bark tlie principal ingredient in tanning
leatlier.
36 Platanus
Turkey Oak .
EvergreenOak
Plane Tree
(Scarce.)
(Scarce.) Used by mill-
wrights, &c„ for cogs for
water-wheels.
Kough buildings, brush-
boards, and many purposes
for which beech Is used.
[ Unitbd
■Uut.
iil*linniorUr»
> hiilMliit *■
'"111 lUmpfra,
' anrt Iwlilniil
■ "* 'or KKWI I
li«-i)len' work,
' f'<t printlnir,
I l'«r»Ml tuf.
••-limidlnR.
— The Hine
KlNQIiOlf.l
USED IN MANUFACTURES.
SODTII OaLLEBY.
«07»
roniCNT AND PARK WOODS-<ioiilM«ftf.
iV>i, BoUnkal Ifnu, Popular Nnm*.
37 INipului eaiM»
cena • •
3)1 Populuinign .
39 hipuliM IhatlfiaU
40 Am F»i>do-pU-
Unus.
41 S*li« oapr«> .
4:1 I^nu lioronlloa
43 ' Irlodanilnn
tullplA>ra>
44 CrktMiK Ony-
45 I'tuiiu* iplnoM ,
4''> Rliunniii miIiu-
ticiu.
47 -will • > •
48 Mix . . .
49 Taxu* bcccat*
PopUr, or
Alwle.
Enxllih Pui>
lu.
Lombudy
PopUr.
!<y<«mor«
Sallow, M*
Willow.
Hwvlca .
Tulip-wood .
WhitKthom .
Ulaekthom .
OuRkthom
Willow . .
Wniiiw.Weep-
Vew •
HARD WOODS.
M
ilaliu com-
heelai
■iKMKi
Amyrli
munUi
M Pyrua Mtlni
5!t Cenaua .
03 Ueraaua .
Almonil.
Apple .
Ctierry .
Dtmaon,
rhair-mak iiii;, turnary, kt.
\ Fancy cbair, furniture, and
) turnery.
OUCIIARD WOUD8-0Mlfa««if.
HnHM—ViU.
Breaka of railway earrlairt,
and need In paper-mlTlaj
toather-cutteri uwnla, ana
rnii(h building*, and aome
llmva for lir«'boata.
Mualcal Inatramenia, chumt.
turnerv, breail plataa, carv-
Ing, cnalr-maklni, bruab-
boanli, 8(0.
(Hraree.) Tied aa, I i me-tree.
( V«ry ioarce. ) faiuy cabinet
and iKn-maklnif.
(Hard.) Uaedbymlllwri||hl>
for ouga.
(Small ) Whip-atoeka end
wnlklno; Ntioka.
(Scnii I' and amall.)
Ciliket-beta and amall tur-
nery) apllt and wove for
'iillea'bonneta,foundationa
o' liala, lie.
Kancy cabinet work and In-
laying I bowa for archery ;
runtlo cliitira, whip-atooka,
&c.
Sii, Bolmicat Aamt,
M
S9
87
Sembueii* nigra
^unlperua cum-
iiiunia
Meaplliia fei-
manlca.
Meaplb
M I'yruacommuiila
69 Prunua ilimee-
tiea.
60 Juglana rcgia .
61 Juglana nigra .
62 Cydonia vulgarla
63 . •
I'ifular Namt
KIder . .
Juniper.
Medlar . .
Mulberry
Plum .
Walnut . .
Black Walnut
l^iln''.
Wild Pear
Uttbitat~Vtti,
Hhoenukera' pega, kt,
(8etra.)
Pancy work and (nmety,
UlocKi for engraving on allk,
cntton, dc, paper-atalning,
rlialr-making, Aie.
Kii'ii'y cabinet-work.
Furniture and fkncy rahlnel
work { gun anil platol atocka.
The aame purpuaca.
Heat wood for receiving •
black atain.
NoTK.— Thewooda no^ marked with their uieaare valuable for their
frult-liearlngor omamercal propertiea.
137 Mnmiur, S.r V.'"*. li, »th, Bart., Dunnottar,
Stiitttfi'- .■; iv iprietor.
Plank of Scotch f\i' (/ .m y utris).
Section of ScoV.i 'i'cai {JTluutt montana),
138 DitiON, Vi«3ount C. i/., Loiu/hlyn House, LmigMyu,
Irelund, ftiid DytcMeij, Oxfordahire — Proprietor.
Slabs of yew, oak. hikI fir, from treea found in the bogi.
139 Patne's Patent Timber Preservino Cohpant,
Whitehall Wharf, Cannon So\b, Weattniiuter —
Producer.
Specimens of English woods subjected to Payno'i
patent preserving process.
i
IMAGE EVALUATION
TEST TARGET (MT-3)
1.0
1.1
11.25
6"
^
/
'/
^
\
Hiotographic
Sciences
Corporation
^
4
s^
o
23 WIST MAIN STMIT
WIUTH.N.Y. UStO
(716) •72-4S03
'>^'^>. ^
^^^
V
;\
f
808*
OFFICIAL ILLUSTRATED AND DESdUPTIVE CATALOGUE.
MACHINES FOR DIRECT USE, INCLUDING CARRIAGES, RAILWAY
AND MARINE MECHANISM.
INTRODUCTION.
Thb objects contemplated by this Glass fonn the most important series exhibited. They develop the appli-
cation of a source or sources of power, either derived by man from simple combinations of elementary things, or
supplied to him in the active forces of nature — in the winds, tides and rivers— or obtained by him from ai&pta-
tions of dynamical laws. They represent also the means employed in effecting change of place, whether of
inanimate matter or of man himself. The Class is a ver^ large one, occupies a considerable amount of space,
and, as the most direct representation of one of the principal sources of the industrial success and prosperity
of Great Britain, it must receive a large amount of study and attention.
The Class is subdivided into machines for direct use, including Carriages, Bailway and Naval Mechanism,
and Carriages generally, not including Railway Carriages, or similar vehicles. The first of these divisions is
the most important, and comprehends— A. Steam-engines and Boilers, Water and Wind Mills, and various other
prime movers ; B. the separate parts of Machines, specimens of Workmanship, &c ; C. Pneimiatic Machines
such as Air-pumps; D. Hydraulic Machines ; E. Locomotives and Bailway Carriages ; F. Bailway Machinery
and Permanent Way ; and G. Weighing, Measuring, and Registering Machines for commercial purposes. The
several divisions include — A. Carriages for Town use ; B. Travelling Carriages ; C. Carriages for general use ;
D. Public Carriages ; and E. Carts and Waggons — ^not agricultural.
The arrangement of the objects included in this Class, within the Building, extends over a large area.
Commencmg at Avenues C. D. Prime Movers in action will be found scattered in different positions down those
avenues, and on entering Avenues A. B. C. lower down, they are still foimd as low as Areas 30. Avenues
D. E. and F. from Areas 19 to 30, contain some highly interesting Engines and Machines comprehended
within this Class. Avenues F. G. are occupied by Loromotives, Railway Carriages, and Railroad Apparatus
generally. Avenues G. to I., from Area 1 to 14, are filled Avith Carriages of every description. In Areas G. H.
and I., from 19 to 22, are found the largest specimens of Prime Movers exhibited, representing that peculiar
form of steam-engine applied to the purposes of marine propulsion. The Prime Movers being employed in
communicating motion to machines belonging to the next Class, are necessarily distributed among those
machines ; but the other objects regarded by the Class have, as far as possible, been grouped in immediate
proximity to each other. A number of Models, illustrative of Class 5, are found at the eastern end of that
part of the Building containing machinery in motion.
Steam-engines are so directly in relation with the prosecution of manufactures and locomotion, that they
must always demand a certain degree of superior interest. A great variety is exhibited : these belong chiefly
to the high-pressure class ; and motion is communicated t» them by steam conveyed in pipes clothed with hair-
felt running imder the flooring. These pipes derive their supply from five boilers, arranged in the boiler-house,
at a little distance from the north-west comer of the Buildii^. The system adopted of clothing the pipes with
thick hair-felt, and over that with a casing of painted canvas, has rendered it possible to carry high-pressure
steam to a distance before thought to be impracticable. The pipes are supplied at intervals with globular
water-traps, in which the water resulting from the condensation of the steam is collected, and whence it can
be readily removed. The system of non-conduction is so complete, that no perceptible heat is experienced
rising through the open flooring.
The beam engines of a former period appear to be becoming replaced, in high-pressure engines, by those
forms in which a direct communication of power is made from the piston to the crank, either mediately
through connecting arrangements, or immediately by the attachment of the piston rod to the crank itself. To
the latter class belong the steam-engines with vibrating or oscillating cylinders ; to the former, those in
which the cylinder is fixed, and in which the rectilinear movement of the piston rod is converted into the
curvilinear one of the crank and shafting, through the medium of vibrating mechanism attached to it. Several
varieties of both these kinds of steam-engine are exhibited in motion driving cotton-spinning, weaving, and other
machines. Rotatory steam-engines of different kinds are also exhibited : in most of these the curvilinear motion
necessary for driving machinery is obtained without the intervention of the crank, and power is led oft" by bands
from the shafting directly operated upon by the engine. Some of these machines present the most singular
and anomalous forms. There are some examples of new methods of converting rectilinear into curvilinear
motion.
[5.]
[Offictal Iixcstrated Catalogue.]
210 Clam G.— MACHINES FOR DIRECT USE, INCLUDING CARRIAGES, [United
North Arbab A. B. 10 to 34 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; F. 1 to 32 ; G. H. 1 to 13, & 19 to 26.
The Marine Engines, which are not in motion, fonn an extremely interesting study. The ponderous
engines from the Soho Works, of the collective power of 700 horses, for driving the screw propeller by direct
action, form a remarkable illustration of the revolution effected by progressive science, not only in the form,
but also in the application, of the steam-engine. The time existed when the great improver of the steam-engine
questioned the probable application of steam to ocean navigation ; and it is remarkable to find these immense
engines, exclusively adapted to steam navigation, proceeding from the works founded by James Watt himself.
Upon these engines are wooden models of an attempt at stesm locomotion made as early as 1785.
Separate parts of machines and specimens of workmanship are also exhibited. Among the former will bo
recognised the enormous connecting rod, adapted to marine steam-engines, of the collective power of 800 horses.
Some beautiful specimens of straight edges and flat surfaces are also shown. Hydraulic presses of various kinds
are exhibited, and among them the vast machine which was employed to lift the Britannia tube into its place.
The application of the same powers is also shown in other directions. Cranes of various kinds are fo\'.nd in this
class — the peculiar form of the tubular iron crane, of the Derrick, and other cranes, will attract attention.
The Derrick crane was employed in the construction of the building, and in placing the heavy machinery tn
ntu.
The high reputation enjoyed by the locomotive engine-makers of England is adequately sustained by the
nu^nificent and costly engines found in this department. The stupendous wide-gauge engine — the " Lord of the
Isles" — illustrates the peculiar features of construction introduced on that system, and conveys an overwhelming
impression of speed and power. In contrast are the beautiful engines for express travelling — the Cornwall, and
another, built on Crampton's patent : the driving wheels of the latter are eight feet in diameter. These engines
are calculated for a high degree of speed, with great power. Corrugated iron carriages, carriages built of Moul-
mein tei^, breaks, trucks, turn-tables, signals, specimens of permanent way, and all that relates to the railroad
system, are therein abundantly represented.
Carriages of every description are found in their proper place. Some of these are of new form and design,
others combine new mechanical adjustments or adaptations, and others exhibit improvements instituted for
particuhur purposes, as for convenience in travelling or for the removal of invalids. Public carriages, of new
forms, are also found among others.
This Class, viewed as a whole, indicates in what direction the current of industrial activity has been most
successfully conducted in Great Britain. The workmanship employed in the reduction of ])onderous masses of
material into forms capable of exercising movement and developing force, is of necessity of the highest order ;
for an error of adjustment were fatal to the operation of these mighty engines, and the di£BcuIty of accurate
adjustment presents itself, at a rough estimate, proportionately to the size of the objects concerned. But spe-
cimens of the successful application of mechanical skill in every direction, and to objects great and small, are
found, and appear in forms which indicate that compactness and completeness of execution are not less regarded
than perfection of adaptation. As the practical display of the sources of power at the command of this country,
whether in their application to production or to locomotion, Class 5 is complete, and offers a wide field of fruitful
investigation to l^e inquirer. — R. E.
1 Atbertom, Charles, Dockyard, Dewnport —
Inventor,
Pair of marine Bteam-engines of 25-horae power, con-
structed with a view to apply the sway-beam principle in
driving the submerged screw propeller.
Drawing, to show the mode of applying the same prin-
ciple to large engines for ships of war, which require
the engines to be below the water-line of the ship. The
air-pump valves are adapted for being worked with great
speed, and the eccentrics and slides are arranged for being
easily managed so that the engines may be quickly re-
versed. The patent expansion gear is intended to be
made one of the principal means of registering the varia-
tions of expansion durmg the working of the engine, in
order that the indicated working power and the corre-
sponding consumption of fuel may be duly recorded; thus
applying to marine engines a system of inquiry which
has been attended with great advantage in the case of
mining engines.
Model of the expansion slide.
2 Powell, Edward James, 1 1 Hartland Terrace,
Camden Town — Designer.
Drawing illustrative of the various forma of patent
screw propellers,
3 Smith, Captain. P. P., Oreenwkh.
Various screw propellers,
4 Stothert, Sladohter, & Co., Awmsule Iron Works,
Brittol — Ini^entors and Manufacturers,
Patent combined propeller engine, patented by Ed-
ward Slaughter. This system, which has reference only
to condensing propeller engines, purports to combine the
advantages of a direct action, quick working ougine, with
those of the indirect slow working engine, lu the latter,
the speed requisite for the propeller is obtained by means
of accelerating gearing driving on to a second-motion
shsit. The new engine claims to avoid the disadvantages
of both. It is assumed that, to attain the beat possible
form and angle of screw, it is in all cases desirable to give
a speed to the propeller shaft unsuited to the vacuum,
supply, and bilge pumps, but especially to the former ;
and that whereas the required number of revolutions
presents no practical difficulty in those portions of the
engine where the passage of steam only is in question,
very great difficulty, and an undue amount of wear and
tear, as well as loss of power, attach to tne rcpid opening,
closing, and constantly repeated shocks of large and nu-
merous valves, required for the passage of water through
the vacuum pumps for the process of condensation. So
greatly is this difficulty estimated by some of the first
naval engineers of the day, that the indirect engine, with
its cumbersome and costly gearing, is preferred to the
light, simple, and inexpensive direct-action engine ; and
this preference obtains in spite of the very strong preju-
dice entertained against the employment of gearing m any
form on shipboard. Under the present system, direct-
action to the screw shaft from the steam pistons is ob-
tained, in connection with a reduced speed of the vacuum
apparatus, by means of gearing of a lightness proportioned
to the fraction of power required, say |^ part of the en-
tire power of the engine. It may be said that direct-
action engines are in successful operation, in which the
vacuum apparatus is made to work, without difficulty, at
the same speed as the steam pistons. Now, if this cannot
be denied, it is submitted that the speed, and therefore
the anglo of the propeller, must bo lowered to the speed
suitable for the vacuum apparatus ; that they do so -work
at a considerable loss of power, by reason of the unduly
large relative capacity of the air pumps, at a much increased
ratio of wear and tear of machinery, and, as it can scarce-
KiNODOM.] RAILWAY AND MARINE MECHANISM. * 211
NoBTH Abbas A. B. 10 to 34 ; 0. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; F. 1 to 32 ; O. H. 1 to 13, & 19 to 26.
ly be doubted, with much greater risk of accident. It
will be readily understood that the Byatem must be con-
sidered irrespective of the particular arrangement exhi-
bited which had in view to economise space m the vessel
longitudinally; t>nd that cylinders, disposed horizontally
or otherwise, are equally applicable^ and the horuEontal
disposition would be adopted for war steamers. In illus-
tration of the above, the marine condensing engine exhi-
bited (100 horses power), may be regarded aa divided
into two parts comparatively dutinot one firom the other,
the steam portion working direotlv on to the screw shaft
with all the simplicity of a high-pressure engine, at a
speed of 120 revolutions per minute ; the vacuum appara-
tus, as well as the supply and bilge pump, being made to
work at the reduced speed of 40 reciprocations, or about
the approved speed of paddle-wheel engines of same
power. It may here be well to state that the relative
capacity of the vacuum pumps and the steam cylinders
must be odculated in reference to the difference of speed;
and that, in practice, the vacuum produced in the con-
densers, is found to be as perfect as that in any existing
engines, viz., 28 and upwiurds. A pair of engines, iden-
tical with these, is at work in the Bristol Chimnel. The
system has been proved with equal success in a small ex-
perimental vessel, in which the speed of vacuimi appara-
tus is only i instead of | of that of the steam pistons.
The following advantages are claimed: — ^High speed upon
the screw sht^, in connection with slow speed of vacuum
apparatus, in the same machine. No reasonable limit to
the high speed required for screw shaft, giving facility for
securing the best form and angle for propeller. No rea-
sonable limit to the reduction of speed required for va-
cuum apparatus, with diminished risk of accident result-
ing therefrom. Saving of power by reason of relatively
reduced proportion of vacuum pump, and consequent
saving of fuel. The Plate represents elevations and a
plan of these engines as applied to river steamers.
5 Tapun, R., 7 Upper Woodland Terrrace, Woolwich
— Inventor.
Model of a telescopic funnel or chimney for marine
boilers. This telescopic funnel or chimney is on the
compound principle, and not simply telescopic. It is de-
signed to accomplish the desideratum of striking the
fimnel of any steam vessel below the upper deck ; and
the principle may be applied in a variety of ways. To
paddle-wheel vessels it words the power of working the
sail nearest the funnel ; and while imder sail, the vessel
is not hindered by its resistance to the air. To the screw
vessel, in particular, it offers more advantages, as by re-
lieving the deck of the cumbersome and unsightly appear-
ance, as well as inconvenience of the funnel, it enables
the vessel to chase or approach an object almost unob-
sei-ved ; and if the masts, rigging, &c., be dispensed with,
which is also possible, nothing but the hml might be
seen, when steaming to effect some special purpose, aa a
secret expedition, &c.
6 Watt, James, & Co. (late Boulton & Watt),
18 London Street, and 8oho, Birmingham — ^Designws
and Manufacturers.
Marine en^nes, of the collective power of 700 horses,
with four cyhnders, 52 mches diameter, and 3 feet stroke,
designed for driving the screw propeller by direct action
at 65 revolutions per minute.
The object of the inventor has been to combine light-
ness and compactness relatively to the power, with sim-
plicity of arrangement. These engines can be placed in
the ship entirely below the water-line, whereby they are
groteoted from the effects of shot in vessels of war; and
1 the mercantile marine the decks are left clear for
passengers or cargo.
Two working models, made in the year 1785, bv Mr.
William Murdoch of Soho, who was at that period con-
nected with the firm of Messrs. Boulton, Watt, & Co. The
first is of a " locomotive," showing the original application
of steam for the purposes of travelling; and tried upon
the common road in Cornwall, in 1785 and 1786. The
second is a model of an oscillating engine, constructed
at that early period for the purpose of illustrating Mr.
Watt's patent of 1784, for making the cylinder work on
its axis.
7 Rocohton, R., Dockyard, TFoo/wkjA— Inventor.
Improved slide-valve.
8 Penn, John, & Son, Greenwioft — ^Manufacturers.
Pair of marine oscillating engines. One paddle-wheel
is fitted on the patent feathering principle; and the other
on the ordinary plan. Collective power, 24 horses.
Pair of patent marine engines on the trunk principle,
arranged and adapted for the driving of the screw-
propeller direct. Collective power, 60 horses.
Eig. 1 represents a section of the patent marine trunk
engines, the piston being at half stroke.
Fig. 2 (p. 212) shows a section of the marine oscillat-
ing engines at the air-pump.
Working model of a pair of marine oscillating engines,
as made and fitted on board H.M. steam-frigate "Sphynz."
Collective power, 500 horses.
Working model of a pair of oscillating engines, used in
river vessels.
Working model of a pair of patent trunk engines, as
fitted on board H.M. steam-frigate " Arrogant," 46 guns,
and H.M. steam-sloop " Encounter," 12 guns. Collective
power, 360 liorses.
An auxiliaiy or "donkey" en^ne for pumping water
into marine boilers when the larger engine is not at
work.
can scarce-
Penn & Son's Patent Marine Trunk Rnginei.
sa
212 • Clam 6.— MACHINES FOR DIRECT USE, INCLUDINO CARRIAGES, [Uhitbd
NoBTH Abbas A, B. 10 to 34 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 10 to 33 ; F. 1 to 32 ; G. H. 1 to 13, & 19 to 26.
'/
FMin & Son'i Huine OKilUting Eaginai.
10 FoasiCK ft Hackwobth, StocWm-on-Teei—
Manufaotiirers and Inventors,
High-preg8i]re steam-engine boiler, with improTementa.
Locomotive and carriage, buffer and draw spring.
11 Hawthobn & Co., Leith — Manufacturers.
High-pressure oscillating steam-engine, of simple con-
struction, without slide-vaJves, eccentrics, or gearing.
12
Edwards, Thomas, Islington Foundry, Birmingham
— Manufacturer.
A five-horse-power patent direct-action high-pressure
steam-engine, applicable for all purposes where steam
power is required.
The advantages of this engine are stated to be sim-
plicity of construction, few bearings, its occcupying little
room, and less liability to derangement than the ordinary
beam-engine.
13 Hick, B., & Son, Bolto* — Alanufacturers.
The steam-engine which drives Hibbert and Piatt's
cotton machinery in the Exhibition Building.
14
Simpson & Skipton, Tmfford Street, Manchester —
Manufacturers.
The improved short-stroke reciprocating high-pressure
steam-engine, which drives Parr, Curtis, and Madely's
cotton machinery in the Exhibition.
The advantages claimed for this invention are as
follow: — The piston, receiving a reciprocative action from
the steam, by reason of its mechanical arrangement, gives
out a revolving motion, thus reducing the impetus at
each return stroke; and from the fact of its containing
the properties of the piston and crank combined, it is not
subject to the same straining of parts. Although the
piston of the ordinary engine at all times receives the full
effective pressure of the steam (when the valve is open),
there are positions of the stroke when this is useless, as
when the cruik is "on the centre," consequently the
shock is sustained on the several cottars and parts, which
is much felt in overloaded engines; but by the arrange-
ments submitted, the crank shaft, which is the piston
shaft, receives this shock, which is somewhat diminished
on account of the piston itself gliding gradually out of
equilibrium into full effect (the same as the common
crank, though divested of the intermediate parts). An
advantage is also obtained by working a short stroke with
a large effective area of piston, and, consequently, a great
speed, with slow velocity of the piston through space, is
obtained, compared with the ordinary engine, — thus the
first motion can be attached direct to the main shaft,
thereby not only dispensing with all intervention of
wheel-work, and its necessary appendages, but also pro-
ducing a steadier motion, consequent upon the engine
not having multiplying gear, which must only increase
any inequalities in the stroke. This arrangement of
engine requires but slight foundations, compared with
others, from the peculiar manner in which the power and
resistance are compounded together, and from the fact of
the capability of these engines to run at high speed, a
large power can be onncentrated into a small space; hence
if such results be obtained, and the multiplying gear be
dispensed with, and the number and weight of the parts
be reduced, not only economy in first cost will be gained
from its close approximation to the ordinary I'eciprocating
engine, but also economy in fuel.
KiNODOM.] RAILWAY AND MARINE MECHANISM.
NoBTB Areas A. B. 10 to 34 ; G. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; F. 1 to 32; Q. H.
213
1 TO 13, k 19 to 26.
16
DATin, Jonah & Gkobok, Albion fbumlry, Tipton,
Btaffordihire—Inventon.
Pair of patent elliptio revolving ateom-enginei.
Self-Mtuig Bteam-regulating cUmper, for high and low
pressure Bteam.
Feed noade for boilers.
Patent sluice valve, for air, steam, or water.
Bquilibrium valve.
Double beat for nozzles.
Patent revolving blowing apparatus.
20 JorcE, William, (^rifmieibA— Manufooturer.
Steam-engine, high pressure, four-horse power, called
the pendulous steam-engine.
The principal advantages of this engine are:— 1st. Its
great economy of fuel, the average consumption being
albs, of coals per horse power per hour ; 3nd. Its great
simplicity ; 3rd. It effects a savmg of about one-half the
space usually occupied by engines of simihr power.
Fiy. I represents a side, and Kg. 2 a bout, elevation of
this steam-engine.
Joyce's Penduloui High-pmnira Engine.
22 McNaugbt, William, 26 Sobertson Street, Glcugow
— Inventor.
Patent double-cylinder steam-engine; a modification
of " WoolTs double-cylinder engine," in which steam is
admitted at a high-pressure into a small cylinder, from
which it passes into a larger one, where it expands, and
HcNaught's Patent Doable Cylinder Steam-engine.
214 Clam 8.— MACHINES FOR DIRECT USE, INCLUDING CARRIAGES, [Uhitid
NoBTH Arias A. B. 10 to 34 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; F. 1 to 32 ; G. H. 1 to 18, & 19 to 26.
whence it fluJlrewMpea into the oondenier. The pre-
sent MTMigement ia designed to admit of the wppllostion
of high-prsasure itemn, snd the ezpuiaiTe ptmolple, to
engines originslly oonstraoted for working low-pressure
stesm. This is eflboted by phudng the high-pressure
Oylinder st one end of the beiutt, and the low-pressure
Oylinder st the other. Power bsing thus ^iplied st the
two ends of the beam neutralises the strain upon the main
centre, snd removes the cause of the shaking of the
machinery and building, experienced in ordinarr beam
engines when heavily l<Mided. In the example exhibited,
the arrangement is adapted for marine-engines, and offers
the means of obtaining increased power In a limited space,
with equable motion and strain.
HontgumeiVs self-acting break for railway carriages.
To the axle of each carriage is attached a break, acted on
by a spring ; the shackle of each carriage is fixed to this
spring, so tbiat when the tractive power is withdrawn, the
pressure of the breaks is applied.
24 Ltnch & Inglis, Oairatt Road, Manchester —
Manufacturers and Designers.
One-horse portable steam-engine, for driving agricul-
tural or other machinery.
26 Crosskill, William, Iron Works, Beverley—
Patentee and Manufacturer.
A steam-engine.
26
Fairbaibn, W., & Sons, Maachester-
and Manufacturers.
Six-horse steam-engine.
-Inventors
28 Maointosh, John, 5 Qrajfi Inn Square— Inyeator.
1. Patent rotatory steam-engine. The novelty consists
principally in the use of the flexible outside I>elt, whereby
the friction is greatly diminished, and tmequal wear
obviated.
2. Patent rotatory steam-engine. Applicable where a
great speed is required direct from the shaft.
3. Intent rotatory steam-engine. Applicable to the
same purpose as the preceding. The peculiarity of thin
engine is in the construction of the piston.
29 HoDOB & Batlet, 9 Adam Street, Adelphi —
Manufacturers.
Steam-engine.
30 Ransomes & Mat, TptwicA— Inventors and
Manufacturers.
A five-horse power steam-engine.
34 Botterlet Co., Alfreton, near Derby — Producer.
Oscillating steam-engine, of lO-horse power, without a
slide valve, the steam being admitted and exhausted
through the trunnions by the motion of the cylinder.
35 Cabbett, William Elliot, 13 Soekingham Street,
Leeds — Inventor and Patentee.
A steam-pump, combining a high-pressure engine, and
an improved suction and force pump, designed and con-
structed for filling low or high pressure locomotive, sta-
tionary, or marine steam-boilers, and for fetehing or forcing
water any distance or height ; it may, bv disconnecting
the pump, l>e used as a st^m-engine for driving portable
machinery for engineering works, the household or farm-
yard, for working hydramic presses, water-cranes, &c.
A portable steam-pump, for lifting or forcing water.
Applicable to the supply of steam boilers— locomotive,
marine, and stationary. Also as a water-lift te work
hydraulic presses, water cranes, &c. Fig. 1 shows a
front, and Fig. 2 an end, elevation of the steam-pimip.
This apparatus is a simple form of high-pressure engine,
with a lining and a force pump combined; is portable
and complete in itself, requiring no other fixing than the
attachment of the steam and water pipes. — Invented by
W. E. Corrett, engineer, Leeds, and registered Aug. 31,
1850. It is constructed to fetch or force water any re-
quired distance in one continuotu stream, without shock
Fid-. 1.
Fig. a.
I'irretr* Steam-pump.
or injury to the pipes or machinery; and at an effective
velooitjr. The pump can also be duoonnected, when the
engine is to be used siiwly for driving small machinery
of the household or the rarm-yard.
[This patent steam-pump, which was adopted by the
Royal Commissioners, in the Boiler-house, at the Ex-
hibition Building, is an example of the application
of steam-power for lifting or forcing water under any
pressure, and for every variety of purpose. It sup-
plies an important want frequently experienced m
engineering, agricultural, and manufacturing ivorks, of a
ready means of lifting and conveying water supplies,
without involving the trouble and expense of fixed
machinery of complicated construction. It can be ad-
justed to work under all varieties of pressure at a uni-
form speed, and is capable of fetehing or forcing water, at
a maximtmi velocity, any required distance, without shock
or concussion to the pipes. Size No. 1 of this apparatus
is constructed to deliver 10 gallons per minute, at a
pressure of 50 lbs. per inch, or 100 feet high. It will be
obvious that, by increasing the size of we pump-ram,
twice this omoimt of water can be raised one-half the
height, or in any other quantity or proportion. For
pumps from 2-horBe power and upwards, side-rods and
slide-bars are substituted in place of the cross-head
movement, shown in the cut ; the size of the whole
apparatus, in both cases, being little more than that of
the diameter of its own fly-wheel. The engine is
complete and perfect in iteelf; and can, by ite simple
disconnection from the pump-ram, be used as a rotative
power to work suitable machinery, &c. A peculiar
feature of improvement in this pump, may be said to
consist in the introduction of two accumulating vessels
in connection with the influx and efSux passages — these,
by their action, producing a continuous stream of water
throughout the whole length of the pipes.
Without a provision of this nature, the barrel of the
common pump is only partially filled at each stroke, and
the ram is consequently driven against the surface of the
water with a serious shock at each down-stroke. In this
pump, the lower valve, at each ascent of the plunger,
drains its water-supply from the bottom of the induction
air-vessel ; which again is fully replenished by the sue-
tional power from the reservoir. When the plunger
descends, the water in the barrel is driven through the
upper valve into the discharge air-chamber, and makes
its escape thence in a continuous stream, under the
pressure of the contained air. Thus the pump hau a
noiseless and perfectly smooth action, with a uniform
delivery. Hence its capability to fetch or force water
any required distance, at a much more effective velocity
than has hitherto been accomplished, without the usual
and expensive resort of a trio of lesser pumps in neutral
connection, driven by a three-throw cnmk.
The peculiw advantages of this continuous stream
will be obvious ; for, since the water is always in motion
in
st
fo
w
al
si
tt
8
(
KlNODOM.]
North Areas A.
D.
RAILWAY AND MARINE MECHANISM. 21S
10 TO 34 ; G. D. E. 1 to 10. & 10 to 38 ; F. 1 to 32 ; O. H. 1 to 13, * 19 TO 26.
. a.
in one direction throughout the pipea, it hM not to be
stopped and itarted at every retum-itroke, aud i» there-
fore better able instantly to follow the pump-ram the
moment it changes the direction of its motion.]
A portable high-prsMure boiler of two-horse power,
weighing 0 cwt. Complete in itself, and independent of
all nsinga and foundations. Constructed for working the
steam-pump, aud for several other engineering, wricul-
tural, and domeatio uses. The funnel is capable of being
unshipped and stowed away, thus rendering the whole
easy of removal fW>m place to place. — Provisionally regia-
tered.
A portable high-pressure boiler, so constructed as to
be convenient for removal fh>m place to place.
37 EvANi, John, & Son, 104 Watdour Street, Oxford
Street — Ifanufaoturers.
Six-horae power high-pressure oscillating steam-engine.
Exhibited for Bimplloity of construction, economy in
working, and portability. Patentees, Richard Want and
Oeorge Vemum, Enfield Lock, Middlesex.
38 Maddslat, Sons, & Fieu>, LanAeth — Designers,
Manufacturers, and Proprietors.
A amall double cylinder direct-acting high-pressure
steam-engine, for working a ooining-preas. — See No. a2U,
Class 6.
A model of a gun-metal screw-propeller, so con-
structed that the blades can be turned fore and aft ttom
their proper position for propelling, and thus assume a
line with the keel of the smp, so that, when steam-power
is not used, and the vessel u put under canvas alone, no
necessity exists for taking the propeller out of the water,
as the blades will not offer any resistance to the progress
of the ship. The exhibitors have fitted 23 vessels with
screw maohinery (aome of the screw propellers being on
this plan) of the collective nominal power of 4,380
horses. — Patented by Joseph Maudalay.
Fig. 1 represents this screw-propeller when in use.
Fig. 2 shows it when the vessel is under canvas alone.
A connecting rod, fitted with its bolts and brasses;
the latter lined with soft metal, and adapted to a pair of
patent double cylinder marine steam-engines, of the
collective nominal power of 800 horses.
A model of a pair of direct-acting double cylinder
marine steam-enjjlnes, fitted with paddle-wheels and im.
Fig. 1.
proved feathering floats. On this plan the exhibitor!
have constructed marine machinery, since the patent
was taken out, of the aggregate power of 10,130 horsea,
and aome of them of BOonorsea collective nominal power.
— Joseph Ifaudsky & Joshua Field, patentees.
Figa. 3 and 4 repreaent theae enj^nea.
A model of a pair of direct-acting marine steam-
enginea, with oaciluting oylindera ; on which principle
the exhibitor* have constructed enginea of the aggre-
gate nominal power of 2,100 horaaa. — Joaeph Maud
patentee.
Figa. 5 and 6 represent theae enginea.
A model of a pair of direct-acting double piston-
rod marine ateam-enginea, peculiarly adapted to anallow
river navimtion. The exhibitora have made enginea on
thia plan for the Rhone, Indus, and ButleJ, of the aggre-
fate nominal power of 545 horses.— Joseph Maudalay &
oahua Field, patentees
Figs. 7 and 8 repreaent these enginea.
A model of a pair of marine beam ateam-enginea, on
which plan the exhibitora have completed 103 pairs, of
the agi^gate nominal power of 11,358 horses.
Figs. 9 and 10 represent an end and side elevation of
theae engines.
A model of a pair of direct-acting annular cylinder
marine steam-engines, fitted with paddle-wheels and
improved feathering floats. These enginea have been
fitted to some of the faateat paoketa in the Channel, and
on thia principle the exhibitora have manufactured 23
pairs, of the aggregate nominal power of 2,230 horses. —
Joseph Maudalay, patentee.
Figs. 11 and 12 represent these engines.
A model of a pair of horizontal cylinder direct-acting
marine ateam-enginea for driving a aorew-propeller; so
constructed as to occupy little space, and to be altogether
below the water line.
Figs. 13 and 14 represent an end and side elevation of
theae direct-acting engines.
[These models are extremely interesting as illustrations
of the various forms of the steam-engine applied in
modem times to navigation. Propulsion by the paddle
and by the screw, each require a peculiar adaptation of
prime movers ; and those forms exhibited appear to
combine the features of construction deemed best adapted
for these purposes. The connecting rod gives a forcible
impression of the power of these Btupendous engines.]
Pig. 2.
r —
MaudiUy'a Patent Featherinfj 8crew-|iriiprl)er in Action.
MtuiliUy'a Scraw-propeller, oat of Gear.
210 Clam 5.— MACHINES FOR DIRECT USE, INCLUDING CAUniAQKS, [Uhitkd
North Arbah A. U. 10 m 34 ; C. D. K. 1 to 10, & 10 to 83 ; F. 1 to 32 ; O. U. 1 to 13, It 10 to 26.
FJg. 3.
Fig. 4.
^1
£
\
^
I
I
1
■
J ^
3
;h
{ ,
J=.s.--'a
1— ^
1
E
:^
^ ~l
End BUviUon.
MiudiUjr'i DoubU Cylinder Mitln* Enflnti.
Kg. 5.
mTrmfTTTTTTiiiiiil'iill
8M« Blantlon.
Fig. 6.
End Elevation.
Mandilty'i Dinet-aeting OMillatIng Cylinder Steun-enginft.
Fig. 7.
Side Elention.
Fig. 8.
End Elevation. Side Elevation.
Mandilay's Double Piiton-rod Engina, for Slullow River Navigation,
[Unitki*
0 TO 26.
KtMODOM.] RAILWAY AND MARINE MECHANISM. 217
North Arbab A. B. 10 to 34 ; C. D. E, 1 to 10, k 10 tu 83 ; F. 1 to 82 ; O. H. 1 to 18, k 19 to 26.
Fig. 9.
fe
End Elantlon.
Ptb of MuidiUy'i IIh<m DMm BtMm.cBiliiM.
Bid* OcvaUoii.
Rg. 11.
Pig. 19.
"""'^^'"-^''^-'-"^ g— -. ^r-|f[^J.Ta-i».-T^^.»jj-i-.,-.
Bad Elentlon. Sida EUviUon.
Mtudihy't Aaanlw Cyllndn HmIim Englnw.
End Elevation. Side EleTtUoo.
HaudiUy'i Horiwntal Diieet-icting Marine Enginei for Soew-propulilon.
S18 Clam 6.— MACHINES POn DIRECT USE, INCLUDING CAURIA0E8, rUNiTuo
NoHTn Ahmai A. R. 10 to 34 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10. ft 10 to 33 ; F. 1 to 32 ; O. H. 1 to IS, ft 10 to 20.
ao
I
Clayton, SHtrrTuiwoiTH, h Co., Lincoln —
MiuiuAioturan.
Kight.-horM power flxad •t«*iu-eiiglna of an Improved
conatruotiuii. Thla aiigin* U of the deaorlptlon known
M liiiviii((iui uMilUtlng oylindar, whloh hmIuom tli« mini-
ber of working p*rU, rendering it very •Imple utul leia
liiible to get out of repair. It ia well adapted for working
fiie<l bam machinery, aaw-milla, onm-niilla, &o. Tlie
following cut repreaenta the at«»m-engino Hxml and rmtdy
for work. The power luny be conimiiiiioMUNl by a leather
band over the fly-wheel, or through the medium of a
■pur-wlwel and pinion.
aayton, Sliutllmroitta, it Oo.'t Ow-ilUtlng Engine.
40 PoPK, WiLUAM, & Son, 81 EiUjwnre liotid, and Orote
Foimtry, Limm Orove — Manufacturers and Designera.
Improved oacillating cylinder steam-engine of four-horse
power, with parallel valve gear acted on by an eccentric ;
its object i» to effect economy of space, and eSBcionoy in
action.
41 Kabmtth, J., Manchester — Inventor.
A steam-engine.
42 DoNKiN, Brtan, ft Co., Bermondsey —
Mani^turetB and part Inventors.
Patent disc water-meter. Patent improved disc engine,
intended to effect rotary action, with nigh speed, and in
little space; it is free from dead points. Disc pump,
with a rotatory instead of an alternating motion, and pro-
ducing a continued stream of water without air-vessels or
valves.
44 Abmbtbono, W. O., Newcastle-upon-Tyne — Inventor.
Model hydraulic crane, for railway stations, docks, or
quays. The power may be supplied either from the water
pipes of a town, where the preeaure is considerable, or
from the action of a steam-engine with an accumtdating
reservoir.
Model steam-engine, with plunger pumps, especially
adapted to the working of hyoiaulio lining machinery.
Model of accumulator, for equalizing the working of
the engine.
Model corn-lift, worked by hydraulic power, for com
warehouses.
Model of machine for unshiiiping coals by hydraulic
|)ower.
45 Llotd, Kdwaro, Ohputienht, near Conren,
IV'd/oiK- Inventor.
Patent ateam-ongine, on the double-cylinder expansicin
principle.
40 SiRMKNN, CiiARLBa W., SummerfieM Collage,
lliiminiihiim Ihaih, IlirminnKum — Inventor.
Chronunietric governor fur a fifty-horse nower engine.
It oonaiata of a conical pendulum, which la roaint^nod
in motion bv a permanent imwer, independently of the
velocity of the engine. Thia power ia obtained by aiuiply
attaching a weight to the throttle- valve lever. A uniforiit
angle of rotation is inaured by menna of a break, which in
acted upon by the pendulum on reaching its desired incli-
nation, and absorbs any exocM of driving |)ower whiuli
the wtiight may su])ply. A differential motion between
the conical pendulum luid the engine at onoo adjuats the
vhIvo to the altered condition of load or power.
In Watt's centrifugal, ami other guvornura, the power
nocosaary to move the valve is only gradually accumulated
by an actual ohiingo in velocity, and the valve is main-
tained in ita altered poaition on condition of an altered
aiMied of the engine.
The action of the chronometrio governor is, on the
contrary, immediate, and the regulation of apeed abaO'
lute, however great the variation of load may be.
Ttiia governor has been applie<l aucoesafully to steam-
enginea. Barker's mills, and by the astronomer royal, to
give smooth and accurate motion to astronomical Inatru-
ments.
Model of aimplifled chronometrio governor, in which
an expanding fly-wheel has boon aubstltuted for the more
delicate conical pendulum. Tlie action of this governor
ia illustrated by preventing a fly-wheel from being tumed
above a certain speed.
Model of a variable expansion valve, consisting of a
revolving cylinder divided in two in a helical curve oor-
renponding with a helical aperture in the outer shell.
Tlie governor move* one portion of the revolving cylinder
endways, and thereby varies the time for the admission
of steam to the engine. This valve should be applied in
connexion with the improved chronometrio governor,
which has sufficient power to work it with certainty.
Model of a surface condenser, showing an effective and
simple arrangement of condensing surface.
Water-meter, in action, working under pressure. The
novelty couHists in the water impinging, in its posMoge, on
two sets of helical blades which travel in opiH>gite direc-
tions (being right and left handed), whereby deflection of
the current and the effect of local currents are compen-
sated. Its advantages are simplicity and efficiency of
action.
Model of regenerative condenser, which possesses the
new and useful property of returning the condensing and
condensed water at the initial temperature of the steam,
213° Fah., previous to ita release from the working
ovlinder, producing nevertheless an effective vacuum.
When applied to high pressure-engines it allows a lai-gu
proportion of the waste steam to esoape, and condenses
the remainder with a minimum of condensing water.
It has been applied to engines of different siaes, where
it has been found to effect a considerable saving of fuel.
If applied to high pressure-engines, it produces an
additional atmospheres effective pressure upon the
working piston, with a quantity of uyeotion water little
exceeding the quantity of feed-water for the boiler. A
portion of the steam eeoajpes uncondensed, and may be
used to produce draught (in the case of the locomotive
engine), or other purposes. The power required to work
the dr-pump of a common condenser is saved. The
boiler is supplied with boiling-hot feed-water, &c.
Working model of a regenerative evaporator, appli-
cable to uie evaporation of brine, cane-juice, and other
solutions, and to the distillation of sea-water (converting
it into fresh water), spirits of wine, &o.
A circulating current of air is passed along the surface
KiNUDOM.]
North Arias A.
RAILWAY AND MARINE MECHANISM. H*
b. 10 TO 84 ; U. D. E. 1 to 10, & 10 to 33 ; F. 1 to 32 ; O. II. 1 to 13, ft 10 to 20.
iiydnulio
of til* evsponkting liquid, and KlMorlM r»pour at flnt
ftruiii tlie cooler Mid, by dagroM, from tli« hotter end
thereof. It then pawee under the metallia bottom of the
pan, and in proceeding toward the cooler end, the vaoour
which it oontaini ia oondenaed, and yield* ita latent neat
again to the evaporating liquid. Heat ia continually
■upplied at the notter end, and ia abatracted at the
cooler end, where the cold liquid enter* the apiMwatu*.
The circulating current i* divided ini,j the principal cur-
rent, which traverae* the whole length of tne apparatua,
and into aeoondary current*, which return at interme-
diate pointa, and art e**ential to the economical working
of the lyatem. The fire bum* under a boiler, which
lupplie* a ataam chamber at the hotteat end of the appa-
ratua, and proceed* thro jgh flues travening the evapo-
rating current in it* prog -e** toward* the chimney. By
this mean* the evaporating current i* *uperDeat«d
throughout it* oourae to a temperature exceeding that
of the liquid by about 15 per cent., and it* evaporating
power i* greatly inuruofled.
The regenerative evnpurator ha* been found to *ave
nbout three-fourth* of thu fuul uaually requirMl to evapo-
rate liquid*. It ha* been applied on u large *oale to the
cvnporation of brine, producing eix tonii of *alt for every
ton of fuel from a concentrated aolution, instead of ]|
tons, which are uiuolly obtained firom a ton of fUel.
48 Bcknett, Josepb, & Co., 26 Lombard Street, City,
and Deptfurti, Kent — Inventor*, Patenteea, and
Manufacturer*.
Patent concentric reciprocating steam-engine for high
or low preaeure. The steam is worked ezpaneively with-
out gear or tappets. This dirvot-aoting engine require*
neither guides nor parallel motion; it is compact, and
adapted for stationary, locomotive, or marine purposes.
49 CoLUNOB, Charles, ft Co., 65 lirid>je Road,
Littnbeth — Designer* and Manufacturer*.
Improved portable direct-acting high-pre*aure steam-
engine of 5-horse power.
52 Rennie, George, ft Sir John, 6 Holland Street,
Blackfriara — Manufacturers ft Licensees.
Working model of Bishopp's patent disc engine of 40-
horse power, fitted a* auuliarv power to drive a screw
propeller, in a model of part of the null of a merchant vessel
of 300 tons. One-fifth tne fUll size. Engine 2-hor8e power.
Disc engines have been used in factories, mills, &o.,
for several years past, and they may be employed to drive
the screw-propeller in steam-vessels by direct action.
The disc engine acta witli a uniform force in a direction
tangential to the crank throughout the revolution, with-
out any rotary motion taking pince within the cylinder:
although *uoh an engine be only half the bulk and
weight of the engines at present applied to the screw-
propeller, yet at the same velocity of the piHtoii it makes
three times as many revolutions in a given time oh other
engines. The disc engines on this construction are said
to De equal to the best engines in economy of fuel; and
are, on this account, better adapted to vessels, as expan-
sion can be carried to a great extent without straining
either the fiwnes or the vessel.
Model of H.M. Steamer " Samson's " engines. — Power
of engines, 467-hor8e power; burthen in tons, 1,299;
direct action weight of engines, 12 owt. per horse-power.
Model of H.M. Steamer "Bull-dog's" engines.— Power
of engines, SOO-horse power; weight of engines, 12 owt.
per horse-power.
Model of a pair of marine engines, with four cylin-
ders of the joint power of 800 horses, proposed for trans-
ntlantic steamers.
Models of paddle-wheels. — Common paddle-wheel. Mo-
difications or the common paddle-wheel on Mr. Rennie's
patent principle.
Model of a vessel fitted with patent paddle-wheels.
[In the direct-action marine-engine, circular motion is
communicated to the paddle-shaft immediately from the
piston-rod, without the intervention of side levers, &c.
This arrangement saves space, weight, and friction. — S. C]
53 Orun, E., rhomU Ftrnmlry, Wakefield— Immiot
and ManuAioturer.
Patent ftiel economiaer, applicable to steam -boiler*, for
heating the feed-water with tne spare he* fVom the boiler
flue*.
An apparatus for aupplyinf room* and building* with
pure warm air.
50 Watbimi ft Hiu, 5 C/mrinii Crow— Manufacturer*.
1. Sectional model, to illustrate the conntruotlon of*
oondenaing *t*am-*ugiiie. On* (mm (bowing the whole of
the valve* and pump* moving at their exact time*, and
the other presenting an outalue view of the engine.
3. Sectional modal of a oondenaing steam-engine, with
*ection of the boiler and ftimace. 'Theae model* are con-
structed in metal for use in tropical climate*.
3. Sectional model to illustrate the ci:i*truotionof the
locomotive *team-engine. One face showing the forma-
tion of the tubular lx>ller, and the action of the various
working portion*, and the other preeenting the exterior
appeiiraiioo of the engine.
4. Improved mercurial barometric steam vacuum gauge,
conibine<l ou the same metal frame and scale, with an
atiiioR|)heric barometer, to give an accurate oompariaon of
the vacuum and atmospheric preaaure.
5. Sectional model to illuatrate the oonatruction of the
marine steam-engine, without the boiler. One face show-
ing the action of the pumps and valves, the other pre-
senting the exterior appearance of the engine.
57 Frrz Maurice, The Ron. Wm. Ed., Ifamilton
Lodge, Princ^i Oate — Inventor.
Patent rotatory steam-engine; stated to be light, simplo,
and cheap in construction, and not 'iable to get out of
order ; for driving the screw or other power it act* without
iv'iuiring gearing of any kind. It i* free from vibration,
boing it* own fly-wheel.
[The *uperiority of one piece of mechanism over
another, designed to produce the some effect, depends not
on any saving of power, or on any increased mechimical
advantage, but on the adaptation of the constnictiou to
lessen friction, to prevent straining, to preserve the elas-
ticity of some parts, and to secure the rigidity of others;
as also on the economy of space and material. — J. B.]
Model of a patent steam - engine, illustrating a new
method of convei-tiug rectilinear into rotatory motion,
by the Rev. J. Booth, F.R.S. Constructed by J. Asplnall,
London.
Fig. 1.
This model (fig. 1) illustrates a new method of convert-
ing rectilinear into rotatory motion. It is a practical appli-
cation of the geometrical principle, that if the extremities
of a given straight line in motion altcays rest upon two fixed
straight lines, at right angles to each other, the middle
220 Class 5.— MACHINES FOR DIRECT USE, INCLUDING CARRIAGES, [Unitbd
North Areas A. B. 10 to 34 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; F. 1 to 32 ; G. H. 1 to 13, & 19 to 26.
point of the moving line will deaoribe a circle. The
distance between the top of the cylinder and the axis of
the shaft need not to be more than half the length of the
stroke. This permits the machinery to be comprised in
a very small compass. The friction on the slides is incon-
siderable, and vanishes altogether when the engine is
producing its maximum effect. The motion is produced
by a combination of levers, identical in principle with the
common crank. This crank, called the aluliiui crank, is
equivalent in power to a common omnk of the same
radius, having an infinite connecting rod, and the parallel
motion of the connecting rod is exact.
58 Whitelaw, James, Johnstone, Renfremhira,
Scotland — Inventor.
Improved steam-engine, for driving the screw-pro-
peller direct, without wheels or other intermediate
gearing, and for all kinds of machinery which work at a
considerable speed. — (Drawing.)
Centrifugal atmospheric chum. — (Model.)
Centrifugal pump, for short lifts. — (Model.)
SO Redmond, Amedee Francois, Birmingham —
Importer and Inventor.
Working model of a steam-engine, showing three dif-
ferent constructions of slide-valves ; short slide, and long
D valve ; imd the exhibitor's patent double independent
slide valve, to prevent back pressure from the exhausted
steam. This model is worked by steam, and is furnished
with an indicator, to show the comparative effect of dif-
ferent slide-valves.
60 Wilding, William Henrt, 2 Chesterfield Street,
King's Civsa — Inventor.
Patent steam-engine, exhibiting a new method of con-
verting reciprocating rectilinear motion into rotatory
motion. Model, illustrating a modification of the same. I
Model of a patent submerged paddle wheel, combining |
the power of the ordinary feathering wheel, with the
advantages of tht- screw, in being wholly under water.
61 Leioh, Evan, Miles Platting, Manchester — Inventor.
Patent steam-engine.
63 Williams, D., Thomhilt, Llandilo, Wales—
Inventor.
A furnace, for burning anthracite or smokeless coal, in
marine, locomotive, and other steam-engines.
64 Dodds & Son, Jiotherham — Inventors ftMa'iufacturers.
Four-horse portable steam-engine ; for all purposes
to which portable engines are usually applied, but more
especially for thrashing, &c. The particular features ore,
the direct notion given to the slide-valve by a return
crank, and the arrangement of the cylinder face and
valve, without the intervention of other machinery than
the valve connecting-rod, uo weigh-bw or cross -shaft
being required; it is also easily accessible to repair.
Model of locomotive engine, without boiler, fitted with
the exhibitors' patent wedge expansive (cam) motion.
Its simplicity consists in having only two eccentrics,
instead of four, for working the valves, the strokes of
which are adjusted or reversed by means of wedges or
inclines ; the motion to the valve is direct (without weigh-
bars or other intermediate machinery, except the valve
conuecting-rod).
A piece of Jessop'a patent steeled tire-bar, for railway
wheels. The wearing surfaces of the tiro are converted
into steel (either in the bar or after being welded into a
hoop), but only so far as is necessary to maintain the
working surface, by which all the toughness and ductility
of the iron are retained, while the steel ports may be
hardened and ground up.
A piece of railway bar, with the wearing surfaces con-
verted into steel by Jessop's patent process. Being
steeled, the bar Is of greater strength and durability; it
does not laminate or splinter, and it presents a uniform
hard-wearing surface. The process is believed to increase
the strength of wrought-iron, and consequently allows
rails to be made much lighter.
Model of a railway bar straightening press, on truck.
The straightening press does not indent the surface of
the rail, as the hammer does, and will straighten much
quicker.
65 SuBMON, Uenrv, & Co., New North Road, Ifojcton —
Manufacturers.
Jukes'e patent smoke-consuming furnaces.
67 Ebbw Vale Company, 83 Upper Thames Street, and
Abergavenny — Producer.
An improved double-cylinder steam-engine, one-horse
power. Invented and designed by Evan William, a blind
man.
68 Clat, John, Edgeley, Stockport — Inventor.
Smoke-consuming furnace.
69 Whitney, James, Calver Hill, Hereford— laventor.
Apparatus for preventing the bursting of steam-engine
boilers, and other steam apparatus, by an improvement in
the composition and adaptation of fusible metallic plates.
70 Constable, William, Photographic Institution,
57 Marine Parade, Brighton — Inventor.
Model of the " Compensating Fly-wheel," an invention
for converting a fluctuating into a constant force.
The fly-wheel, as ordinarily applied to steam engines,
effects two purposes — it carries the engine through the
dead points of the crank revolution, and it does this
effectually ; it also, in a measure, corrects the variations
inseparable from a power communicated through a crank ;
this latter service, however, it performs only approxi-
mately, and being fijced upon the main shaft, it transmits
all its uncorrected irregularity through any train of
machinery connected with it, in many cases to the great
detriment of the manufacturing work it has to perform,
and often occasioning the rapid destruction of the gear-
work through which the power is transmitted. This
defect is incurable under the existing method of using
the fly-wheel ; for although every augmentation of its
weight will bring its oscillatory movements within a more
limited range, yet no weight of metal will ever entirely
correct them. In the scheme involved in the model, the
hopeless task of compelling the fly-wheel to steadiness is
abandoned, it being permitted to take up its oscillatory
motion according to the force applied, while all the
subsequent machinery is secured from partaking, in the
slightest degree, of these oscillations.
The means for effecting tliis, consists in releasing the
fly-wheel from its rigid connection with the main shaft,
and substituting for it a spring or springs, through which
the force is conveyed, and then, by a further device,
correcting the small remaining irregularity that results
from the reaction of the springs when under different
degrees of enforcement. It will be apparent to every
mechanic that constructive ori-angements comprehending
these principles of action may assunv a peat variety of
forms and combinations. The following is that adopted
in the model, the essentiol parts of which are shown in
its accompanying diagrams. It consists of a fly-wheel
3 feet in diameter, having six arms, hanging loose upon
B. cylindrical end of the main shaft; immediately behind
the fly-wheel are three other arms, issuing from a boss
which is fijccd on the same main shaft. On the face of
each alternate one of the fly wheel arms there lies a spiral
spring, which is partially compressed between two studs
which are fixed to the arms of the wheel; a bolt passes
freely through the springs and studs, which being drawn
upwards (towards the rim of the wheel), forces the
spring, by means of a collar at the lower stud, into closer
compression. The bolt is connected witha roller on the
rim, by a leather strop ; the spindle of this roller passes
through a hole in the rim, and carries, on the other side, a
second roller, which, in like manner, is fastened by asecond
strap to a pin at the upper end of an arm of the boss.
The fly-wheel, during the part of its revolution in
Kin
N
wbi<
foro
part
Bec(
and
prei
pov
pre
resi
[United
Kingdom.] RAILWAY AND MARINE MECHANISM.
North Abbas A, B. 10 to 34 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; F. 1 to 32 ; Q.
221
H. 1 to 13, & 19 to 26.
which the Bteain boa a power superior to the resisting
force, will advance by acceleration, but the fixed arm not
partaking of the increased speed, the space between the
second roller and the arm of the boss will be increased,
and by the action of the rollers the spring will be com-
pressed ; that period being passed, and the impelling
power falling below the resisting power, the latter will
prevail, and bring back the wheel again to the place, with
respect to the mean place, from wUch it started. Now,
when the fly-wheel advances, by its oscillating move-
ments, it will leave the arm of the boss behind, and the
strap connecting it with the second roller will occasion
the roller to move on its axis, which will result in the
drawing up of the bolt, and compressing the spring ; and
the reverse will happen when, through its oscillations,
the fly-wheel loses speed; and thus the fly-wheel will go
on oscillating twice in every revolution, the oscillations
playing smoothly and harmlessly upon the spring.
Now, if both the rollers be cylinders of the same dia-
meter, the reactive force of the compressed spring, and
the force dragging the led arm and main shaft, will be
equal ; and as constant variations will take place in the
compression of the spring, an equal variation will occur
in the force leading the arm; and although, to a great
extent, an equalization will have been effected, the
problem of the conversion of a fluctuating force into a
constant force has, as yet, received no solution.
But the rollers are not both cylinders ; the second
roller is bounded by an irregular curve, a part of which —
called the isodynamic curve — is so formed that, in its
rotary motion, the lever of resistance vdthin it, through
which, and the second strap, the fixed arm acts against
the force of the spring, shall become lengthened as that
force increases, the curve offering in every position a lever
of resistance proportional to the force of the spring.
With this final appliance, a perfect uniformity of force is
obtained, and the problem proposed is solved.
In order to explain the actual working of a specific
steam engine with these appliances, suppose the model
extended, in all its parts, linearly in the ratio of 3 to 10 :
the fly-wheel will then be of 10 feet diameter, and will
have 1,500 pounds weight in its rim. The engine to be of
10-horse power, clear of all loss by friction or otherwise,
in its own parts ; strokes, 40 per minute. The steam
may be applied to the piston at any amount of pressure,
aud be worked expansively, or not. The springs, as in
the model, to be 3 : coiled of steel wire, J inch in dia-
meter; the coils to measure 2f inches in diameter to the
middle of the wires ; the space between the coils, when
the spring is relaxed, to be equal to the diameter of the
wires; the number of coils, 70; its whole length, when
uncompressed, consequently, will be 35 inches. Such a
spring will suffer compression of 1'17 inch for every
10 pounds of compressive force. It is proposed that each
spring shall be confined between the studs, with a force
of 40 pounds, by which the length will be reduced to
30'32 inches : this compression is not necessary to its
proper action, but it keeps the length of the spring within
convenient compass. The breadth of the rim to be
7 inches ; therefore, the circumference of a circle, at the
middle of the rim, will be 29-6 feet ; and the speed, at
this place, will be 1,184 feet per minute. The mean
force communicated, a*; any point in this circumference,
will be equal to 279 pounds. Let this force be trans-
mitted, through 3 springs to the arms, then we shall
have a force of 93 pounds applied to each arm.
A wheel thus circumstanced will have an oscillating
motion of 1*26 inch from its mean place, and the mea-
sure, between the extremes of its oscillations, will be
2-52 inches ; and as the axis of the rollers is placed iu
this circle, the variations in the compression of each
spring will be of the same m9,aBure (2 -52 inches). _
Now, since the compression of the spring is 1'17
inches, with a force of 10 pounds, a compression of 2 • 52
inches will be the exponent of a force of 21 • 54 pounds,
and 21 • 54 pounds will be the variation of force commu-
nicated from the fly-wheel to the fixed arm; and since the
mean force, applied to one arm, is 93 pounds, the max-
imum force, when the tty-wheel is at the extreme of its
advance, will be 103 '77 pounds, and the minimum, in
the contrary position, 82*23 pounds ; and this variation
is so moderate, that, for most of the purposes to which
steam-engines are applied, it would scarcely have any ap-
preciable disturbing effect.
For the final correction of this remainder, the isody-
namio curve must have a length equal to the extent of
the action or the springs, or the wheel's oscillations,
2 '52 inches; and the radius of resistance of the mini-
mum force must be to that of the maximum, as the
smallest force of the spring is to the greatest, that is, aa
82 • 23 to 103 •77,
With respect to the minimum weight of fly-wheel that
may suffice in a f^ven engine, under these arrangements,
it must depend upon the range of action that can be
obtained in practicable springs. In the case assumed,
the wheel is supposed to have a rim of 1,500 pounds; if
half that weight had been taken, the length of the arc of
oscillation would have been doubled; and if we coulJ
employ springs in which the range of compression wouKl
be twice as great as in those proposed, when acted on by
the same force, we should have a regulating power of the
same efficiency ; and if we desire to perfect the uni-
formity of force, we might do so by employing an isody-
namic curve of twice the length, keeping the radii which
constitute the levers of resistance of the length proposed
in the first case, and the action of the engine would be
the same.
This invention claims not only to improve, but to per-
fect the action of the Beciprocating Steam Engine; it ia
simple, of easy and inexpensive construction, and but
little liable to go out of repair. A proper method of
trying the action of the model is, to stand at the right-
hand side, holding one of the arms of the fly-wheel in the
left hand; then applying the palm of the right hand to
the fixed arm in advance, and forcing the arms apart.
It will require a force of about 40 pounds to bring the
springs into action.
76 Cbabdock, Thomas, Jianel(ujh Wor/is, Pimlico —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Patent high-pressure, expansive, and condensing steam-
engine, with tubular boiler and regulating damper. The
novelty consists in the mode of condensing the steam and
obtainmg the vacuum without cold water, in the mode of
fixing the cylinders of the engine at an angle, so that the
two connecting-rods take hold of the same crank-pin, and
in the construction of the valves, the expansive gear, and
the regulating damper.
78 Febooson, Daniel, Kilkenny, Ireland— Im&aior.
Registered boat-propeller and water-wheel.
82 MoBRELL, G., 149 Fleet Street — Inventor.
Patent rotatory engine, fitted as a steam-engine. It
may also be used as a pumping and forcing-engine, or as
a blowing apparatus for blast-furnaces. The following
cut represents the front elevation of the engine, and
Front Klevalion.
Section.
222 Class 5.— MACHINES FOR DIRECT USE, INCLUDING CARRIAGES, [United
North Abeas A. B. 10 to 34 ; C. D. E, 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; F. 1 to 32 j G, H. 1 to 13, <fe 19 to 2G.
section, or side elevation, with pai-t of the aide removed
to ihow the internal oonstruotion.
88
Jenkins, Georoe, 4 N<is$au Street, Soho —
Inventor and Patentee.
New hydro-pneumatic engine. The object of which
is to employ water pressure to drive the piston of the
engine in one direction, and a vacuum being produced,
to make use of atmospheric pressure to drive it ill an
opposite direction.
00 Read, Stephen Kino, 50 Paradise Street, Rotherhithe
— Inventor and Maker.
Double-action metallic pump, for domestic purposes;
by fixing a hose on the nozzle, it will act as a powerful
fire-engine.
91 Reed, Joseph Havthorne, Westhoume Lodge,
Harrow lioiid — Inventor.
Model of a new patent propeller, attached to a boat.
92 Phiixips, William Henry, 16 Fork Terrace,
Cambenoell New Road, Kennmjton — Inv. and Pat.
The fire annihilator, a portable machine, for extinguish-
ing fire. This apparatus will, when occasion requires,
instantaneously ^charge, with the power of steam, an
atmosphere of gases and vapour, possessing the property
of suddenly subduing and rapidly extiuguiamng fire,
without saturating the unbumt property. The vapour
emitted from the machine, by its expansive force, inter-
mixes with the fire, whether in a confined space or in the
open air, while the air about the fire is rendered inno-
cuous. The property the vapour has of circulating in
the flames, and permeating amongst the burning goods,
gives it the power to extinguish fires that may be unap-
proachable and inextinguishable by water. The machines
and the chemical charges are not Uable to get out of order
by time or change of climate, and the management is so
simple and easy that any one may use and recharge them.
Directions for Use. — With the knob of the stopper strike
down the pin beneath it. A dense cloud of vapour in-
stantaneously rushes forth, which being cast upon the
burning materials extinguishes the fire.
.v.v.'.v.v.y
o o a w o
I o o toe
(1 O O O O
Description of the Apparatus. — A and B, cases forming a
close chamber to contiun water up to the level of the
screw vent-plug Z, and the air in the annular space above.
C, a pipe forming the handle, and a screw-cap, Y ;
this pipe may be stopped with a plug of soap at W.
D, a perforated cylinder.
E, the charge-case, also perforated.
F, the inner lid, having a neck, X, to keep it down in
its place.
0, the cover, having a discharge-pipe, V,
' H, an iron-pin supported by a special spring.
1, the stopper.
K, the charge: composition of nitre and gypsum.
L, the igniter, being a gloss sheath, containing a bottle
of mixture a chlorate of potass and sugar, and a smi^l
bottle of sulphuric acid.
The action is as follows: — the pin being forced
down breaks the igniter bottles; the sulphuric acid, fal-
ling on the chlorate of ^tass and sugar, ignition takes
place; the flame of the ignition mixture spreading over
the upper surface of the charge, the charge instanta-
neously ignites, and evolves heated gases, which, in their
passage through the perforated cylinder, impinge against
cylinder B, expand the contained air, and produce steam
between A and B, by which the water is forced up
through the tubular passage. The vapour of the water,
mixing with the hot gases, escape together from the dis-
charge tube, in a dense expansive cloud, and are con-
tinuously delivered until the charge and the water are
expended.
93 Fire Annihilator Company, Office and Depot
105 Leadonhall Street, City — Producer.
Patent machine for extinguishing fire in buildings, in
ships, and in mines, invented by W. H. Phillips, Esq.
94 Hill, William, Blackheath Road, Greenwich —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Registered flue-boiler and furnace for hot-water appa-
ratus, as applied for warming !. uildings.
9G Simons, W. Vazie, Smtth SHwW*— Inventor.
Electro-magnetic machine.
97 Rhone, Edw., 7 Cooper's Gardens, Hackney Road—
Inventor.
Models of two revolving blade paddle wheels fixed on a
skeleton hull, for propelling steam vessels. Their sub-
mersion in the water obviates the lifting of back water and
the creation of a great swell ; the action of the wheels can
be reversed on deck or below without altering the speed
or reversing the engine; and the motion of the wheels
being uniform, they can be fixed either horizontally or
perpendicularly,
98 Scott, Michael, 6 John Street, Adelphi —
inventor.
Hydraulic machine for raising water or producing a
vacuum in any situation where there is a fall of water or
a running stream.
100
Erskine, Daniel, Clerk Street, Edinhwgh —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
New land beam engine, having balance valves, with a
new method of reversing, and other improvements for
and
Erskine'i Ualance Vtlveis &c., in Section.
KlMODOU.]
NoiiTii Abeas a. 15.
RAILWAY AND MARINE MECHANISM. 223
10 TO 31 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; F. 1 to 32 ; G. H. 1 to 13, & 19 to 26.
I it down in
working the pit apparatus, and shutting off the Rteam at
the pit's head._ The figure represents the balance valves,
and shows their method of action.
New self-reversing; beam engine, for planing machines
and other purposes.
Silver locomotive and railway, with a new method of
reversing and of disconnecting locomotives and carriages
when falling from the perpendicular.
Circulating steam boiler for generating steam at experi-
mental lectures.
New hydraulic locomotive for propulsion.
Horizontal water-wheel for large rivers, from 3 to G
feet fall.
Self-acting valve cock without ground surfaces.
Oaa water-meter, having a direct spindle which dis-
penses with meter wheels; index and stop-cock.
Highland shield.
101 Whytehead, W. K., C(w«A»//— Proprietor.
1. McNaught's steam-engine indicators, for measuring
and recording pressures; used principally for ascortainuig
the power and working order of steam-engines, for which
purpose a communication is made between the cylinder
of the engine and the cylinder of the indicator. The
varying pressure of the steam acting on the piston of
the indicator, raises or dopi-esses the pencil in opposition
to the internal spu'al spring, and registers itself on the
paper.
[To ascertain by this apparatus the pressure at various
points of the stroke of the engine, the paper is moved by
a string attached to some working part of the engine, so
that its motion may coincide with that of the engine
piston. By the shape of the diagram thus traced, the
exact power given out by the engine (as distinguished
from " nominal power "), the most advantageous a^ust-
ment of the valves, the friction of the engine, the power
required by any portion of the machinery, the neglect
or attention of the engine-driver, and the friction of
the machinery when using different oils, can be ascer-
tained. The instrument is fitted with two springs and a
double scale, one for high-pressure steam divided to a
small scale, and one for low pressure, to a scale of
twice the size. The importance of an indicator may be
estimated from the enormous amount of fuel consumed
in this country for steam-power, a large quantity of
which would be saved were the value of the indicator
better undei-stood by the proprietors of steam-engines.]
2. Drawing of section of large indicaSior, showing the
construction.
3. Indicator diagrams to an enlarged scale.
4. McNaught's oil -testing machines. In spinning,
weaving, &c., a large number of small spindles are kept in
rapid motion, and if lubricated with an inferior oil, their
friction, and, consequently, the non-productive load on
the engine, is materially increased. A small quantity
of the oil to be tested is poured into the cup, a plate is
then placed on the top of the oil, and the cup set in
rapid motion. The plate is dragged round also, by the
tenacity of the oil, and raises the weight on the steel-
yard; by adjusting which, until an equilibrium is esta-
blished, the friction of the oil can be read off on the
scale. Invented by W. McNaught, C.E., of Glasgow.
5. Design for the application of McNaught's patent ex-
pansive principle to a 30-horse engine. By this plan,
high-pressure steam can be applied with safety to engines
which have been designed originally for low-pressure
steam only. A small cylinder is applied at the crank cud
of the beam, at about half-stroke, and the steam from it
passes into the existing cylinder, where it expands, and
whence it finally escapes into the condenser, in the usual
way. By this means, a saving of from 30 to 40 per cent.
of fuel is effected, and the power of the engine may be
increased, if desired, to the same extent.
102 Potts, J., ^ocWon-OM-Tws— Manufacturer,
Complete working model of the high-pressure steam-
engine, with several parts made of glass, as the cylinder
and steam chest, showing the working of the piston and
steam slides, and the internal structure of the engine.
[This may be called the transparent high-pressure
steam-engine, the invisibility of the steam being a cause
of wonder to many observers. Such a model is of the
greatest utility to lecturers and others engaged in teach-
ing the principles of practical science,]
103 HoDOES, B. J., Grove House Lodge, Outer Circle,
Segenfa Park — Inventor.
Working sectional model of a marine condensing steam-
engine, for the use of schools and institutions.
104 Sharp, William Dodolab, Swiiidon, Wills —
Inventor.
Steam-engine, with improved valves, valve-gear, &c.
'The valves may be described as an elongation of the
cylinder at each end in which the valves work; they are
formed similar to, and of the same diameter as the piston,
only that they are made hollow, with openings left in
them large enough for the exhaustion. The ports form
narrow openings extending quite round the circum-
ference of the cylinder. The advantage of this description
of valve is, that it gives a free inlet and outlet to the
steam, which cannot be obtained with the slide-valve,
especially at high velocities, as in the locomotive-engine,
where the loss arising fi-om this cause ranges from 30 to
50 per cent. Another advantage which this valve also
possesses is, that the pressure on the back of the valve,
which is so detrimental to the woi-king of the slide-valve
in locomotives and other high-pressure engines, is avoided.
Although the eccentric is quite applicable for working
this description of valve, a motion is substituted which
has many advant iges; which, with the reversing motion,
will be understiHid from inspection. One valve-shaft is
sufficient for a pair of engines, care being taken to make
the angle between the point of contact of the cams with
the valve-rods the same as that formed by the cmnks.
The mode of working expansively is only indicated by
the cross-rod and the double joint on valve-rod.
105 Bf.van, Hopkin, Llanelly — Inventor.
Plan of a locomotive steam-carriage for common roads.
106 Becketi-, E. G., 3Joynson Street, Stratujeivays,
Manchester — Manufacturer.
High -pressure steam-engine, suitable where small power
is required.
108 Webster, Benjamin, 5 Stracey Street, Stepney,
near Commercial Road East — Maker.
Working model of a pau' of oscillating engines, of 300-
horse power, on a scale of ^ inch to the foot, with eccen-
tric paddle-wheels connected, showing the working of the
engines, and the feathering of the floats.
112 Perry, Henry, Bromley, Bow — Manufacturer.
Model of a condensing engine and boiler, complete and
constructed to scale.
113 Shaw, B. L,, Newliouse, Iludilcrsjield—Iiwentor.
Model of Whitham's patent hydraulic engine, designed
as a substitute for the steam-engine in certain localities.
This engine is said to have opened a great extent of
mining ground in Swaledale, Stonesdale and Coverdale
in Yorkshire, and in Weardale in Durham.
IIG
Linton, John, 5^%, Yorkshire — Inventor and
Manufacturer.
Model of an improved engine working high-pressure
steam expansively, with power to c\it off the steam
at any part of the stroke, and finally condensing it, so m
to effect a saving of fuel.
224 Class 5.— MACHINES FOR DIHECT USE, INCLUDING CARRIAGES, [U'oted
NoBTH Abbas A, B, 10 to 34 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; P. 1 to 82 ; G. H. 1 t^ 13, & 19 to 2i.
K
118 FiTT, William, Pondet't End—'DwAgaieT.
Working models of wind, water, and steam engines.
Exhibited for economy and improved construction ; the
steam-engine is on the high-pressure principle, and has a
peculiar arrangement for working the fly-wheel shaft with
a single crank. The sorrecting machinery is so arranged
as to admit of any one of the three engines to work
separately.
119 Firth, T. & J., Eliza Street, /?«//«<— Inventore.
Improved hollow furnace-ban.
Fig. 1.
A
lower edge has a channel, C, out in it from end t. "nd
as shown in the cross section. ITie air rushing along
these channels keeps the bars partially cool, and escapes
in a heated state into the furnace at each end of the bars
through the openings at a a, formed by cutting off the
top comers, b b, of the bars.
Fig. 1 of the drawings is an elevation of thb furnace-
bar; Fig. 2, a cross section of three of these bars; A A
are the bars, B B the bearers upon which they rest. The
Fig. 2.
Firth's Hollow Fire IWa.
bars are slightly arched, so that they may, with a given
amount of material, be stronger than if straight. The
122 Hobby, H. C, 81 King Strett, Manchetter—lmenior.
A model, showing improvements in lubricating. Pa-
tent dated May, 1850. The novelty consists in forming a
chamber for the oil within or about the part to be lubri-
cated. The advantage assiuned is, that perfect lubrication
is thus obtainable without waste of oil. The annexed
illustration represents, in section, a portion of the cylinder
and piston of a stationary steam-engine, showing the im-
provements exemplified bv the model, as applied to atuff-
mg-boxes, and to fibrously packed pistons; a a is a per-
forated hoop placed in the middle of the packing, to form a
chamber for the reception of oil about the part to be lubri-
cated; CO is a reservoir for containing the supply; 66 are
tubes of communication between the reservoir (c) and the
hoop (rt); efg, is an apparatus for chai^ng the reser-
voir (c) periodically; this is also, in some cases, effected
by a hole drilled down the piston-rod, or by a plug-hole
in the cylinder cover, and an inder<endent mnnel of
peculiar form.
[In order to render the lubrication of machines effec-
tual, the surfaces should be supplied with a fine stream
continually flowing. The apparatus in question is in-
tended to effect this result with a smaller amoimt of los8
of material than usual. — S. C]
ireetion showing Hurry's Lubrictting Improvements.
124
Qallowat, William & John, Manchester —
Manufacturers.
Patent lifting jacks, for raising, moving, or turning
over heavy bodies; made of wrought-iron, and case-
hardened.
Patent Bteam-ei.gine boilers, with new internal flues,
by which the gases from two additional fires within the
boiler are united and brought into admixture in a
chamber, or throat, immediately beyond the fire-bars of
the grates, so that by alternate ignition, the smoke of the
newly-made fire is effectually consumed. The vertical
water-cones, in the back portion of the flue, being acted
upon by the flame, are active agents in the generation of
stieam, and keep up a constant cii-culation of the water.
One of these land-boilers of thu-ty-horse power is in
operation in the Exhibition.
125 Fltnn, W. P., 16 Summer Ilill South, Cork—
Inventor.
Improved paddle-wheel, combining the action of the
screw with that of the wheel. Pravisionally registered.
126 Tbrbett, Richabd, 2 Homer Street, Lambeth—
Inventor.
Feathering paddle-wheel, and feathering windmill-
constructed on an improved principle. Intended to save
power, and prevent strain and friction.
127 Vallanck, P., 1 Davios Street, Berkeley Squarv —
Producer.
Horizontal wind-mill.
128 WiLLisoN, Robert, Alloa, Scotfanrf— Manufacturer
and Inventor.
Model of double-acting force and vacuum pump,
adapted for mines.
129 —
Model copper boiler.
w
t<
tl
li
[United
19 TO 2i.
I end t. i>nd,
uhing along
and escapes
d of the bars
ting off the
r — Inventor.
Icating. Pa-
in forming a
I to be lubri-
t lubrication
rhe annexed
'the cylinder
wing the im-
)lied to8tuff-
•> a is a per-
ng, to form a
to be lubri-
ipply; 6 6 are
r (c) and the
ig the reser-
Lses, effected
a plug-hole
it funnel of
ichinea effec-
fine stream
3Btion is in-
louut of load
KiNGDOU.] RAILWAY AND MARINE MECHANISM. 225
North Abbas A. B. 10 to 34 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 88 ; F. 1 to 32 ; O. H. 1 to 18, ft 19 to 26.
ambeth —
windmill —
ided to save
Square —
Qufacturer
>um pump,
130 JuDOB, Tbomai, J7(imp(f«a(f— Inventor and
Hanufooturer.
Crank to paia the centrea without the use of • fly-
wheel or secon i steam-engine. Two cranks, intended
as a substitute for four bevel wheels used in turret olooka,
to show the time on the dial.
Oas consumer, which receives the soot that passes
through the burner, and destroys it by effect of the same
light.
Carriage steps. Self-adjusting spirit level.
131 Bicxus, WiLUAN, 18 Seading Street, Swindon —
Designer and Manufacturer.
Working model of a pair of non-condensing steam-
eugines, which stands within the compawl of a shilling,
and weighs three drachms ; made, with the exception
of the piston rods, of a fine white metal.
132 EocLESiuu., Thomas, 2 OreatRa»t<m Street North,
Birrmngham — Inventor.
Submarine propeller for steam vessels. Its purpose is
to supersede the present means of producing motion by
the paddle-wheel or the screw, more • pedally the paddle-
wheel.
An atmospheric propeller for the purposes of navigation.
Its object is to increase the speed of navigable vessels,
and to avoid the expense of the mast and rigging of sul-
ing vessels; the delays arising firom contrary innds, so
tlmt a vessel may take her course direct; and to diminish
many of the present causes of shipwreck from shoals, &o.,
when driven by stress of weather, as well as the risk of
human life attendant upon rr ugh weather.
133 Day, Hehrt James, 'ii Lovser Northampton Street,
Cterkcnwell — Manufacturer.
Oscillating-oylinder marine-engine, exhibited for work-
manship. Diameter of cylinders, one-fifth of an inch ;
length of stroke, one-fourth of an inch.
134 Hemming, Oeoroe, 44 Lucas Street, Commercial
Scad East — Designer.
Bird's-eye view of a HS-horse power marine engine,
shown at on angle, and drawn to a scale from working
drawings ; illustrative of a method of laying down ma-
chinenr or buildings, so as to avoid the expense of a model.
Bird's-eye view of a 280-hoi'Be power direct action
marine steam-engine, shown perpenoioularly.
136 Stevens, John Lke, 3 OqtthaU SuOdings— Inventor.
Models of a sur&oe-propelier for steamers, &c.; of a
water-wheel ; of a registered omnibus ventilator; and of
Robinson's registered safety-plug for boats, &c.
Drawings of registered improvmnents in umbrellas, fire-
tongs, and shovel.
138 RiCHABDS, Thomai, 2 Xidd Street, Woolwioh—
Manu£M)turer and Designer.
Model of an apparatus for connecting and disconnecting
the engines from the paddle wheels, by a new method,
intended to dispense with the friction strap.
Models of propellers now in use, made to scale.
140 Keablet, W. H., 7 Smithfield Ban— Inyentor.
A new application of the Archimedean screv,, for pro-
pelling small vessels by hand. Applicable to canals, the
screw creating no swell.
141 Smith, Oeoroe, 49 Lime Street — Inventor.
Improved method of feathering the float of paddle-
wheels. The novelty is in the simplicity of its action,
increased speed, and less straining of the vessel.
143 Hodgson, Robert, Ewell, near Epsom — Inventor.
Patent parabolic submarine propeller, for steam-ships.
The novelty consists in the application of the hoi low para-
boloid, as the form of the machine to operate on the water.
By this means, its resistance, acting in parallel straight
lines, is concentrated to the focus, which forms a mo-
mentary fulcrum for propulsion. The w»t«r ia then
thrown off in the direction of the axis or plane of the
vessel's oourae.
-
148 Patebmn, Thomai, 15 Stgtert Street, Haymarktt
— Inventor.
Model of a rotatory steam-engine. The inTention cno'
sists in having each piston alternately fixed u a point of
resistance to the steam, and revolving as » moving power.
— Provisionally registered.
151 Hatcrar, WnxiAM Tdtin, eitremMne^— Fktentee.
Model of the "anhydrous" steaib^jagine; designed to
work with "dry " steam, by means of a " separatoi'' of
new construction, and a "siccator;" to which ib added an
expansion valve; this valve is specially applicable to loco-
motive ene^es, ttom its readiness of action. The object
of this engine is to prevent boiler explosions. The cylin-
der is provided with a steam jacket, which is essential to
its operation.
[The object of this invention is to separate the steam
from the water which generated it, and to apply it, in its
separated state, to the working of the engine. For this
purpose an apparatus called a " separator" is employed;
another <>aUed a " siccator " is also used to keep up the
heat of the steam in its separate state, otherwise it would
condense and lose its power.]
152 Eu>EB, D., Boyal Adelaide Steamer, Lath —
Inventor.
Model of an oscillating marine steam-engine, so ar
ranged as to dispense with the ordinaiy sude valves,
eccentrics, &c. ____^_________
154 Scott, G., 22a Winchester Street, CiYy— Inventor.
Boiler cleanser.
156 Jones, William, 4 Tabernacle Sqvtare, Finsbvry —
Inventor.
Model of an improved paddle-wheel, in which the
paddles rise vertically from the water, which prevents
back water, and the consequent loss of power. Tne floats
may be formed of sheet-iron, in one or more pieces, to
slide into iron framework, and to move in plummer
blocks fixed to the arms of the wheel, but not repre-
sented in the model.
[6.]
158 ^iths%, Q. K., 1 Henry street, Han^ead Soad'—
Manufacturer.
Working model of a high-pressure pedestal steam-
engine. ___________
160 PvM, John, 52 Threadneedle Street— layeniov.
Model of a submerged paddle-wheel, for propelling
vessels, to work wholly or partially under water. The
wheel has two shafts, one within the other : the inner one
is a screw, the arms of the '^^eel have blades at their
extremities, for a double-bladed paddle. On the arm or
centre of each paddle (within the main shaft) is a pinion
worked by the screw shaft, giving to the paddle a rotatory
or propelling position at one part of the revolution of the
wheel, and in a vertical or feathered position during ano-
ther part of the revolution.
162 CoLBORAVE, Francis Eow., Sound Hill, Brighton —
Inventor.
Model of a cylinder, fitted with patent slide valve, for
diminishing friction.
200 Tuck, Joseph Henrt, 22 Pa// ifa^f— Manufacturer.
Lariviere'a patent pneumatic governor for regulating
the speed of steam-engines.
201 Cabnell & HosKiNG, Perran Foundry and Engine
Works, near Tniro — Inventors and Manufikcturers.
Treble-beat hydraulic valves and seats, particularly
adapted for water-works, where large pumps are re-
quired.
[Official Illustrated Cataloguf.]
aae Clasb 5;— machines for direct use, including carriages, [Unitkd
NoRtn A1U8A8 A. B. 10 to 34 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 83 ; P. 1 to 32 ; G. H. 1 to 13, & 19 to 26.
The improvement in these treble beat hydraulic valveB
conaiite in making the outer beats as near as possible
of. one sise, and allowing the water to act against the
middle plate to lift the valve, which will give a third
brat, and a third discharge of water, and consequently
reduce the lift, prevent concussion, and increase the
durability not only of the valve, but other parts of the
machinery.— Registered 1851.
202 AsBBT, Jonathan, Croydon Common — Inventor.
Screw friction clutch, for engaging and disengaging
machinery, while the moving power is in motion.
204 LxES, T., Stockport — Inventor.
Water-gauge, alarm valve, &o.
205 Nkwoomb, Thomas, 12 Norfolk Place, East Lane,
Wulaorth — Inventor and Maker.
Brass model of machine, for rolling tanned hides. Its
objects are, increased speed in drying hides, lens power
in working, and a finer finish in the leather. The pres-
sure on the hides may be varied from 1 owt. to 2 tons.
Brass model of patent furnace for marine or sta-
tionary steam engines ; it supplies itself with fuel, con-
sumes ltd own smoke, and bums small coal.
206 Haskbth, — , Rediitth — Inventor.
A lubricator for machinery.
208 Oadd & Bird, Manoheater-
An expansive piston.
-Inventors.
300 Lu)Yi>, GsoROE, 70 at. Guildford Street, Southwark
— Inventor and Manufacturer.
Patent centrifugal disc blowing machine.
The centrifugal exhauster differs from the ordinary
blower in requiring no outside case; the air or gas is
drawn through the pipes, and difcharged through the
opening in the periphery, into the atmosphere.
301 Napier, J. R., Vukan Foundry, QUugow—lmwAot.
Portable rivet-heater, for iron ship builders or boiler
makers.
304 Kennedv, M., 3 George Street, Camden Tovm —
Designer and Manufacturer.
Improved blast-fan, for blowing smiths' forges, and
founders' furnaces, applicable ahw for ventilating and
fumigating.
305 Whkklee, Edmund, 2 North Building*, FinMmry
Circui — Inventor and Patentee.
Equilibrium slide valves for steam engines, to relieve
the valve from the pressure due to the elastic force of the
steam.
400
DAI.T, John, Srast and Lead Works, Liineriok,
Ireland — Manufacturer.
Bronze bell, mounted between two brass pillars, with
the bust of Shokspeare on the top.
Improved brass pump, for supplying kitchens, water-
closets, cisterns, stable-yards, &c.
401 Merrtweather, Moses, 63 Long Acre —
Manufacturer.
Carriage fire-engine to be drawn by two or four horses,
London Fire Brigade pattern (Simpkins' patent), with
7-inch gun-metal cylinders, and spherical copper air-
vessel; gun-metal pistons and valves in separate valve
chambers; handles for 30 men, to fold up fore and aft;
improved wrought-iron fire carriage, patent axles and
springs; double delivery screws for attaching two lines
of hose. Fully equipped with hose, suction-pipes, nose-
pipes, jet-spreader, &o. Fig. 1 represents tlus engine,
and the peculiar dress of the fire brigade.
Mcnyweatlicr's Carriige Fire-engine.
Light carriage fire-engine, Simpkins' patent; country pat-
tern for poat-horses, with handles for 20 men. Equipped
and furnished like the preceding.
Patent metallic fire-engine, for tropical countries, to
be drawn by hand.
Ship fire-engine for six men; on the patent principle,
with suction-pipes, delivery-hose, branch-pipo, &c.
Cabinet fire-engine (fig. 2, p. 227), for mansions, picture
galleries, &c.
Two portable conservatory engines.
A coil of best leather-hose, copper-riveted, with gun-
metal imion screws — London Fire Brigade pattern.
A coil of patent seamless canvas hose, screw, &c., as
before.
[Uhitkd
19 TO 26.
KiNODOM.] RAILWAY AND MARINE MECHANISM. 227
NoBTH Abeas A. B. 10 TO 34 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; F. 1 to 32 ; O. H. 1 to 18, & 19 to 20.
•ir or _
through the
ire.
Ku is
eh the
MO — Inventor,
den or boiler
» TbiCTi —
forges, and
Dtilating and
I, Fm^tiry
es, to relieve
0 force of the
Limerick,
pillars, with
chens, water-
: four horses,
wtent), vrith
copper air-
yarate valve
fore and aft;
it axles and
tng two lines
i-pipes, nose-
uuB engine.
f
ions, picture
1, with gun-
ittem,
irew, &c., as
Merry wuatlicr'* Cabinet Fire-«n||iBe.
An improved short branch-pipe and nozzle fitted with
Baddeley 8 jet-spreader. — Registered 1842.
An improved metal breeching for connecting two sepa-
rate lines of hose into one, or for dividing one line into
two. — Invented by Lord Thurlow; registered 1844.
Improved preventor (or fire-hook), capable of being
lengthened indefinitely. — W. Biiddeley, inventor.
Six improved japanned leather helmets, and leather
belts and axes, for firemen.
Leather and canvas fire-buckets.
Set of seven portable fire-escape ladders on hand
carriage, with guide wheels, safety-belt and rope, as sup-
plied to the City police, &o.
Domestic fanuly fire-escape, simple and easily applied.
Fireman's leather morion, as made at the establislunent
of the exhibitor in the early part of the 18th century.
Old English leather black-jack, of the same period.
Old English leather plate-basket, of the same period.
402 Shalders, William, jun., Jiank Place, Norwich —
Designer and Manufacturer.
Patent fountain pumps, engines, and hydraulic work-
uig parts, in various metals, for beer. See., and for house
or garden cisterns. *
The advantages claimed consist in their reciprocating
and rolling action, which is efibcted without leakage,
friction, or liability of choking from such piu^icles as are
not easily prevented from entering without blocking up
the entrance to thuir suction-pipes, as small stones,
shingle, &o., or from cargoes of grain, pepper, rice,
beans, &c., the evolutions of the connector quickly
expelling such matters, without receiving material injury,
but which with the valve leathers are the only parts that
suffer at all ; they will pump up even from the bottom
of deep wells, and drive up to a higher level any puddled
soil or half sand and half water, and that more econo-
mically than by other means. Fountain pumps admit
of more economical and simpler construction than the
common piston and cylinder pumps, and by their
admitting of either quick or slow motion without leakage
or loss of power, they are easily applied to any motive
force; they are cheap, simple, and durable, and, with
common smiths' tools, the most complex are readily
examined or repaired.
403 Stothert, Ratno, & Pitt, Newark Foundi-y, Bath
— Improvers and Manufacturers.
Iron crane for a dock or wharf, with improvements in
the gib, and in the general arraugement and proportion
of the parts.
403a Stothert, H., /iutt— Inventor.
Model of a plan for removing the sewage of London
without disturbing the present arrangement of drains.
404 Fox, Henderson, & Co., Lomlun Worh, Birmingham
— Inventors.
Derrick crane and model. Proving press and patent
pipes.
[This crane was put into actual service in lifting the
heavy machinery around it into their present places, and
is equally applicable for their removal at any future
time. It was also employed in the construction of the
building, and particularly in unloading and testing the
cast-iron girders.]
405 Berriedale, Lord, 17 Hill Street, Berkeley Square
— Inventor.
Double-acting fire-engine, for privte houses; exhi-
bited for power and ease of working.
400
FouBDBiNiEB, E. N., 38 Barclay Street, Sunderland
— Inventor.
Patent safety apparatus, for preventing loss of life and
property when a rope or chain breaks in shafts of mines
and collieries,
407 Beoo, W. a., 20 Market Street, Edinburgh—
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Safety cages, for mine shafts, to prevent the loss of life
and destruction of property in mine shafts, when the rope
or chain snaps.
408 Easton & Amos, Ornve, Southoark—Vurt
Inventors and Manufacturers.
Improved patent hydraulic ram, originally invented
by Montgolfler, in Fnuice, and patented by him in 1797 :
the English patent has passed into the hands of the
exhibitors.
[This machine, which is self-acting, is composed of
an air vessel and three valves, two for the water, and
one for keeping up the supply of air. Upon pressing
down the valve in the conducting tube, which opens
downwards, the water escapes from it, until its mo-
mentum is sufficient to overcome the weight, when
the valve immediately rises and closes the aperture.
The water having then no other outlet than the inner
valve, rushes through it, by its generated force, com-
pressing the air in the air vessel until equilibrium takes
place, when the air reacts by its expansive force, closing
the inner valve, which retains the water above it, and
driving it up the ascending tube. By this reaction, the
water is forced back along the conducting pipe, produc-
ing a partial vacuum beneath the outer valve, which im-
mediately falls by its own weight. The water then
escapes until it has acquired sufficient force to close this,
wlien the action proceeds as before. It is best adapted
for the Taisaxg^^JUfiimaAiB quantities of water, as for
household or fllRngpurposes.]
409
Baddeley, William, 29 AlfredStreet, Islington —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
A portable, and simple farmers' fire-engine, It is also
applicable as an agricultural force-pump,
A portable fire-engine; two sizes.
410 Shand & Mason Qate Tillev), 245 Blackfriars
/{oad— Manufacturers.
}.mpioved brigade fire-engine, with complete set of
tools and implements, worked by 28 men; is drawn by
horses, and carries the firemen; has improvements in
suction or inlet Cock, air-vessel, and exit pipe; by means
of the latter two, right angles are avoided in the passage
of the water. This engine is represented in the accom-
panying Plate.
Mansion or factory fire-engine, for 20 men.
Metallic fire-engine, for 14 men, suitable for any
climate.
Ship's fire-engine, for 6 men, mounted on wheels.
The above are each fitted with metallic valves, draw
water through suction-pipe or from cistern, and are
mounted on four wheels, with locking-carriage and drag-
handle.
T 2
228 Glau 6.— machines FOR DIRECT USE, INCLUDINO CARRIAGES, tUxiTiD
North Abias A. B. 10 to 34 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, ft 19 to 83 ; F. 1 to 32 ; G. H. 1 to 18, A; 19 to 26.
Hall flN-angliM^ for th« interior of publio buUdings
and manaioni.
GalTaniaad iron aardanMNigino, with improTad levw.
Improvad portaoU flre-piunp, iutroduoed by tlia Lon-
don Vbc* BrifMla, and found of great utility at the oom-
menoement of a flr«. The same with pail, into which it
oan be inatantlv fixed.
Hoae-rael, with implementa complete. Hoee and sue-
tion-pipee of varioua aorta, alao vurioua deaoriptione of
flre-coou. A aeriea of experimental jet-pipea, uaed in
determining the beat form. Fire-bueketL flre-axea, Lon-
don Brigade flrenwn'a helmet, fto. Branch and Jet-pipee,
aa uied in floating flre-enginea, for 130 men.
The Improved brigade ib«<ei>glne, aereral hoae-reela,
and 18 portable flre-pumpa, ham, at the requeet of tiie
Executive Committee, been placed at their d) ril, to
be uied in the event at Are. They will be <.-^ud in
varioua parta of the Building, oader the oara ot lliemen
of the London Eatabliahmeni.
41 1 JaMIH, Jobm, ft Co., 94 Ltadmtkatt atrttt—
Haaitaoturera.
A pateat wei^Uagiftwio (fig. 1). TUa crane ia adapted
for railing hetvygMlli, and, at the aama time, obtaining
their weight 'by ttk 'Mapti^on of the prinoiple of the
ateelyard.
Junes fc Co.'t Pktent Wai(Mng Cimm.
Pig. a.
Junn li Co.'* SmMI Patrnt Weighlnc UkMb*.
Aamall weighingmaohineforwarehouMpurpoaefl(fig. 2).
This machine ia Intended to weigh any deecription of
merohandiae from 1 lb. up to 21 owt., and the prinoiple
upon which it ia conatruoted ia applied to weigning ma-
chinea of all aizea. Ita novelty is compriaed in the ab-
■enoe of all looae weighta, in the oounterpoiae being ao
arranged aa to admit of the free oaoillation of the beam,
and in the wmghta by which the gooda are weighed being
attached to, and forming part of, the machine itaelf . The
large weight movee on a oiroular scale^ and the small
weight idong a atraight acale, the one mdicating cwto.,
the other Iba. — Patented.
412
The Bank Qdat Focndht Com pant, Warringtofi —
Hanu&cturer and Proprietor.
Large hydraulic prees, used for raising the Britannia
Tubuhu: Bridge.
Explanation of the engravinga (Plates 1 8, 1 9, 20) of the
hydraulic press used for raising the tubes of the Britannia
Bridge ; executed by the Bank Quay Foundry Company,
Warrington.
A — ^W' aught-iron Sandwich g^era, weighing 12 tona
each.
B B — Cast-iron beams, 5 tons each.
C — Jacket of cast and wrought iron, weij^t 8 tona.
D D— Cylinder, cast-iron, weight 15 tons.
E— Bam, 3 tons 13 owt.
F— C^oashead, cast-iron, 13 tona.
IMPROVED BRIGADE riRE ENGINE
r^---i^-=.:
METALLIC f-^f. ■>. JCINE.
PORTABLE
FIRE PUMP
WITH PAIL.
HALL FIRE ENGINE.
PORTABLE FIRE PUMP
AS USED BY
THE LONDON FIRE BRIGADE.
i^^i;@;*iS'iljVi!i^ ^k W^m% nm nimm^ ^ m^a^hmw^.
18.
I. URKAT HYDUAULIC I'KCSS bMI>lUYUi IN IIAISUNU Ulli IIIUTANNIA TUUULAU IIUIUOK,
J
II. Tiiii: rittss 8II0WM in oi'kua on— iiii: tluu i'auily lifted.
19. 80.
III. KSD ELEVATION.
KiNGDOJi.] RAILWAY AND MARINE MECHANISM. 229
NoBTH Abeas a. B. 10 TO 34 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; F. 1 to 32 ; G. H. 1 to 13, & 19 to 26.
OO a 0— Clamps.
H — Chaina.
1 1 — Ouide rods, wrought iron.
K — Quide rod beam.
L L— Valves.
M — ^Distance pieoes between wrought-iron Sandwich
girders,
Plate 18 represents a front eleTation of the press;
Plate 19 an edd elevation; aud Plate 20 shows its applica-
tion in raising the Britannia tube, with the latter partly
lifted.
The Internal diameter of the cylinder is 22 inches, the
diameter of the ram is 20 inches, the external diameter of
the cylinder is 42 inches, external length 9 feet 1} inch;
thickness of metal 10 inches; the water is forced into the
cylinder through a pipe and valve L, the press is placed
in the jacket C, and rests upon the oast-iron beams B B,
which again are supported by the wrought-iron beams
A A; the cast-iron crosshead F has wrought-iron links let
in at the top, for the purpose ^f strengthening the part
subject to tensile strain; the sides of the jacket also are
strengthened with wrought-iron slabs, weighing 30 cwt.
each, expanded first by heat and then fitted-on hot, and
allowed to contract. To cast the cylinder, it required 22
tons of fluid metal, the additional quantity beyond its
finished weight being required for the head, or git, which
weighed 2^ tons. This head, or git, was kept in a fluid
state for six hours after the run, by replacing the material
after it became stiff, with metal fresh from the furnace,
and of the highest attainable temperature, for the purpose
of supplying the space in this immense body of metal
below, consequent upon the contraction. In three days
afterwards the cylinder was partly denuded of its outer
coat of sand, when it was found red hot: in seven days
it was lifted from the pit in which ib was cast, and in
ten ^ys, or 240 hours, it was sufficiently cool to be
approached by men well inured to heat, for the purpose
of dressing the remaining sand off it.
The A A beams, for supporting the press, consisted of
six vertical ribs of boiler plates, ^ths thick, united by
vertical strips, to preserve them m form; the 2| inch
spaces between ribs were filled with American elm, so
that the vertical rib was a sandwich of elm and iron.
The top and bottom flanges were each formed by twelve
wrought-iron bars, extending the whole length of beam.
The top bars 7 inches wide, and the bottom bars 9 inches
by Ij inch; the whole riveted together. The weight of
each girder was 1 2 tons. In order to prevent the crushing
at the ends, cast-iron plates were inserted instead of the
wood.
The weight actually supported by one pair of beams
was 1,177 tons, but they were capable of sustaining
2,000 tons. The length between the bearing was 17 feet
4 inches. The ram was cast hollow and turned to bed
truly, beneath the crosshead, which was bored to receive
it. The crosshead was guided by two wrought-iron rods,
6 inches diameter, fitted in sockets on the top of the
press, and keyed above into a cast-uron girder, K, built in
the masonry.
There wore two sets of clamps : the one placed on the
crosshead and rising wth it, was immediately used for
lifting the chain and tube, the under set was fixed on the
cast-iron girdera which support the press, and was used
for securing the chain at the end of each lift, while the
press was lowered, and the upper set of links removed ; they
are in all respects similar to each other. The wrought-
iron clamping cheeks are slotted to fit closely beneath the
slotted shoulder in the head of the links; they are
withdrawn or closed by right and left banded screws, on
turning which the cheeks recede from each other, or are
drawn into close contact with the chain. To insure a
larallel action, the screws are moved simultaneously
ly a winch and gearing; they are thus easily worked by
one man. Thus at each stroke of the press the tube was
raised 6 feet, the time occupied in one lift being usually
from 30 to 45 minutes.
The lifting chains were manufactured by Messrs. Howard
& Ravenhill; the clamps and valves by Messrs. Easton &
Amos. The superintendence of the designs and con-
E'
■truotion of this machinery were entrusted by Mr. Robert
Stephenaon, the engineer, to Mr. Edwin Clark.
The greatest weight lifted by the press at the BritanniA
bridge was 1 , 144 tons ; the quantity of wa ''«r used for each
6 feet lift 81 j gallons. "The pressure at 3 tuns per
circular inch equals 3*819 tons per square inch, which
would raise a column of water 5*41 miles in height; this
pressure would, therefore, be sufficient to throw water
over the highest mountains on the globe." This extra-
ordinary &ot is derived from Mr. Edwin Clark's work on
the Britannia and Conway bridges. The following addi-
tional extract shows indirectly the vast power of this
machine: —
" If it were required that 1 lb. should raise the tube, or
2,000 tons, then one arm of the lever must be 448,000
times as long as the other; but if the 1 lb. move through
a space of 1 inch, the tube will be oftly lifted ^^ ^h part
of an inch; and in order to raise the tube 100 feet the
pressure of 1 lb. must be continued through a space
of 83,522 miles; and, conversely, a pressure of 2,000 tons
through a space of 100 feet, would raise lib. 83,522
miles; thus the descent of a clock- weight through a space
of 6 feet overcomes the friction of the machine, and
moves the extremity of an ordinary seconds-hand through
a space of two miles in a week, and the depcent of the
tube to the water would maintain the going of an ordinary
clock for 240,000 years," or the power expended by the
press in lifting the tube 100 feet, if applied to an orcUnar>
clock, would work it for a period of 240,000 years.
After the first tube was raised, the cylinder met with
an accident, described in the following terms by Mr.
Clark:—
" In a little more than a fortnight after this operation
the presses were removed ready for raising the next tube.
They were lowered and raised again by means of capstans,
with an 8-inch rope; and in this operation another
accident occurred with the unlucky press. The cylinder
was lowered from a cat-head at the top of the tower;
the rope from the blocks led to a capstan on the beach,
on which three turns only were taken ; while the cylinder,
weighing 1 5 tons, was suspended at an elevation of 140
feet above the water, the rope unexpectedly surged on
the capstan, and was dragged out of the hands of the men
who were holding it; the cylinder descended with fearful
velocity, dragging the rope through the block tackle and
round the capstan, which fortunately became palled by
the jerk. As the velocity increased, the cat-head in the
tower gave way, and the cylinder fell on the stone shelf
below, fracturing the masonry, and gliding off 50 or 60
feet into the Straits. Several men were injured, and a
sailor who was serving out the coil of rope was dragged
round the capstan and killed. None of the tackle was
broken, and the press was easily raised by the ropes
attached to it, and was found to be uninjured by the
fall."
[The weight raised by this single press at the Britannia
bridge was 1,144 tons, and this was effected with ease
by the hydraulic press exhibited. A popular error pre-
vails on the subject of gaining power by tho application
of machinery, and particularly with relation to the hy-
draulic press, in which it appears that a small applied
force produces immense results. In this case, however,
as in all others, the power is only transferred and
distributed. Water, and indeed all fluids, possess the
property of pressing equally in all directions. If water
is enclosed in an iron box, and the force of one pound is
applied to but one square inch of its surface, this pres-
sure is at once communicated to every square inch of
the surface of the box. Bramah rendered this force avaiU
able by applying a packing around the moving pistons,
which made them perfectly water-tight under any pres-
sure. By the foi-ce pump, pressure is applied to the
water in the small cylinder of the pump, and this fluid
being connected with that in the large cylinder of the
press, whatever force is applied to the water in the first.
280 Class 5.— MACHINES FOR DIRECT USE, INCLUDING CARRIAGES, [United
North Abbas A. B. 10 to 84 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 83 ; F. 1 to 32 ; G. H. 1 to 13, & 19 to 26.
]a in^reaaed according to difference of the capacity be-
tween it and the last, which was in this case as 1 to 354'3.
Four such cylinders have been cast at Bank Quay
Foundry, and they are, perliaps, the most powerful
machines ever constructed. — R. H.]
413 Howard, Ravemhili., & Co., King and Qtieen Iron
Works, Kotherhithe — Inventors, Patentees, and
Manufacturers.
Link of a suspension bridge chain, formed of eleven bars,
to illustrate the method for rolling bars for suspension
bridges, and similar purposes.
Tms process produces the bars of the form required at
one heat, and is intended to supersede the uncertain and
insecure method of welding on the heads; and to carry
the fibre of the iron in the proper direction arotmd the
eye to resist the strain of the coupling pins. The bars ex-
hibited form a link of the cluuna in all respects similar
to thosu manufactured for the suspension bridge over the
Danube at Pesth. The tubes of the Conway and Bri-
tannia bridges, the latter weighing 2,000 tons, and lifted
100 feet, were safelyraisedby chains made on this principle.
[With a force of about 10 tons per square inch of sec-
tional area, the elasticity of wrought iron is wholly ex-
cited, and in some cases surpassed. Engineers, therefoiv,
do not subject it to this strain, even when the iron is
perfect in the texture of all its parts; but as in the case
of chains with welded heads, the texture can never be
perfect, a still lai^ger mai^n must be left; probably the
strain permanently acting on it should not much exceed
5 tons per square inch. If by any process of manufacture
these defects can be certainly removed, o^eater safety
may be gained bya less expenditure of me'jsl. — S.C.]
414 GossAOE, J., 71 Floreixce Road, Deptford —
Inventor.
Improved portable engine-pump, designed for the use
of ships, particularly for men-of-war. It may be used for
a fire-engine, watenng-engine, and wash-deck pump. It
is availi^le for all the purposes of a lift or force-pump ;
also, as an auxiliary to, or substitute for, any fixed pump
in use on board ships, in case of need, and can be used to
wet the ship's sails, or worked in a boat to wash the ship's
side, and extinguish fire.
The principal peculiarities are, its portability and capa-
city of working in less space, greater durability under
action of sea-water, and its not being so liable to be in-
jured from accident, nor to get out of order; metallic
valves are used in lieu of leather, with vulcanized India-
rubber discs between the piston caps, and its general con-
struction is suited for all climates. It is not rendered
inefficient by not being in coustoDt use, or by being kept
free from water.
415 Gbeatobex, Dan., 9 JJe^rough Terrace, Harrow
Road, Paddington — Inventor and Manufacturer.
Model (scale 1^ inch to a foot) of an improved hoist-
ing machine, for raising or lowering goods; the machine
can be worked by hand or steam, and its whole operation
I'equires but one man. The principle is applicable to
dinner-lifts for hotels and mansions.
416
Bellhodse, E. T., & Co., Eagle Foxmlry,
Manchester — Inventors,
Hydraulic press for packing cotton, or other material
in bales ; wonced by two hand-pumps ; with illustrative
drawings.
Model of the exhibitors' fire-proof hoist for mills and
warehouses. This plan prevents the rapid coinmuuica-
tion of fire from one story to another, by the interposition
of fire-proof doors between each story ; an arrangement
is iatroduced which causes the doors to shut by their
own gravity, when the cradle is removed.
Model of the iron shell of a cottage.
Brick-pressing machine, with W. Percy's self-lubri-
cating piston.
Small hydraulic press, adapted for making experiments
in the compression of material.
417
Fairbaibn, W., & Sons, Manchester — Inventors
and Manufacturers,
Patent tubular crane, manufactured by the exhibitors.
[The following observations on this crane are extracted
from a paper contained in the Reports of the British
Association, communicated by Sir David Brewster: —
" These structures indicate some additional examples of
the extension of the tubular system, and the many ad-
vantages which may yet be derived from a judicious com-
bination of wrought-iron plates, and a careful distribution
of the material in all those constructions which require
security, rigidity, and strength.
" The projection or radius of the jib of these cranes is 32
feet 6 inches from the centre of the stem, and its height
30 feet above the ground. It is entirely composed of
wrought-iron plates, firmly riveted together on the prin-
ciple of the upper side being calculated to resist tension,
and the under, or concave side, which embodies the cellular
construction, to resist compression. The form is correctly
that of the prolonged vertebra) of the bird from which this
machine for raising weights takes its name; it is truly
the neck of the crane tapering from the point of the jib,
where it is 2 feet deep by 18 inches wide to the level of
the ground, where it is 5 feet deep and 3 feet 6 inches
wide. From this point it again tapers to a depth of 18
feet under the surface, where it terminates in a cast-iron
shoe, which forms the toe on which it revolves. The
lower or concave side, which is calculated to resist com-
pression, consists of plates foiining three cells, and vary-
ing in thickness in the ratio of the strain ; as also the
convex top, which is formed of long plates chain-riveted
with covers ; but the sides are of uniform thickness,
riveted with T iron, and covering plates 4^ inches wide
over each joint. This arrangement of the parts and
distributimi of the materials constitute the principal
elements of strength in the crane. The form of the jib,
and the pcrint at which the load is suspended, is probably
not the most favourable for resisting pressure. It never-
theless exhibits great powers of resistance; and its form,
as well as the position, may safely be considered as a
curved hollow beam having one end immoveably fixed at
A, and the other end, C, the part to which the force is
applied. Viewing it in this light, the strengths are easily
determined, and taking the experiments herein recorded,
KdC
we have by the formula W = a load of 63 tons,
e
the weight it would require to break the crane. With
20 tons the ultimate deflection was 3'97 — '64of a per-
manent set = 3'33 inches, the deflection of the jib due to
a loivd of 20 tons. The following constitute the experi-
ments made at Keyham Docks : —
" Experiments made to ascertain the resisting powers of
a new wrought-iron tubular crane, erected at Keyham
Dockyard, Devonport, November 8, 1800.
Weight of Deflcctinn Kt the
Curico in
Tona.
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
point of the Jib
in Inches.
•32
•50
•G5
•90
^05
1-20
1^35
1^50
1^70
■i
With 5 tons suspended the
crane was turned completely
round, without any altera-
tion in the deflection.
With this weight the crane was again turned round ; thi>
KlNODOU.J
NoRTa Akeas a. B.
RAILWAY AND MARINE MECHANISM. 231
10 TO 34 ; C. D. E. 1 TO 10, & 19 to 33 j F. 1 to 32 ; G. H. 1 to 13, & 19 to 2fi.
Deflection at the
Weight of
Deflection at the
point of the Jib
Cargo in
point or the Jili
in Inohe*.
Tons.
in Inchiii.
2-05
16
3-00
2-22
17
3-io
2-40
18
3-50
2-60
19
3-73
2-80
20
3-97
deflection in eiglit minutes increased to 1 '85 inches, when
it became permanent after suataining the load during the
whole of the night, a period of about 16 hours.
« On 9th November the experiments were resumed as
follows : —
Wei«ht or
Cugoin
Ton*.
11
12
13
14
15
On again turning the crane round with a load of 20 tons
there was no perceptible alteration in the deflection, and
the permanent set, after removing the load, was '64 inches.
" From the above experiments, it appears that the ulti-
mate strength of the crane is much greater than is requi-
site either in theory or practice, and, although tested
with nearly a double load, it is still far short of its ultimate
powers of resistance, which it will be observed ore five
times greater than the weight it is intended to bear.
" The advantages claimed for this constraction are its
great security, and the facility with which bulky and
heavy bodies can be raised to the very top of the jib,
without failure. It moreover exhibits, when heavily
Fig. 1.
loaded, the same reotorative principle of elasticity
strikingly exemplified in the wrought-iron tubular girder.
These constructions, although different in form, are
nevertheless the same in principle, and undoubtedly
follow the same law as regards elasticity and their powers
of resistance to fracture."]
Description of the annexed engraving of the Eeyham
tubular crane : —
Fig. 1 is a side view of the crane, with a portion of
the side removed to the foot, in order to show the
cast-iron cylinders built in the masonry, the rollers
which encircle the body of the crane and support the
stem vertically, with its rollers and bearings acting
against the interior recess of the large circular plate
a a, between the plate and the frame, which embraces
the crane in a ring which contains the rollers, giving a
rotatory motion to the crane in any direction. Imme-
diately above the rollers, is a platform, of 1 2 feet in diameter
attached to the stem, on which the men stand to work
the crone. This platform also enables a man, by turning
a handle, to move the crane rotiud in any dii'ectioii
at pleasure.
Fig. 2 is a section of the body of the crane taken above
the quay wall. The cells are carried along the concave
side of the jib, where they terminate in two cells near
the top, and also in two cells near the bottom, where
the stem enters the cast-iron shoe already described.
Fig. 2.
SIDE VIEW
418
The Devonshire Great Consolidated Copper
Mining Company, 17 Baiye Yard Chambers —
Producer.
Models of two water-wheels, of 140-hor8e power each,
erected at the mines of the above Company, for the pur-
pose of pumping water from the one shaft by a plunger,
and from the other by a drawing lift. Scale 1 inch to
the foot.
1. Model of a wheel, 40 feet in diameter, by 12 feet in
breast, pumping from the depth of 1 1 5 fathomS) or 690
feet, with 14-inch pumps, 7 feet 6 inches stroke, discharg-
ing 60 gallons of water per stroke, and lifting at each
stroke 69,000 lbs., the average velocity being 4^ strokes
per minute.
BACK VIEW
This wheel works a line of 3J inch round iron rods,
390 fathoms or 2,340 feet; not exhibited on tho scale of
the model of the wheel, for the want of space, over pul-
leys, ascending a hill, at on elevation from the wheel to the
shaft of 384 feet above the wheel.
This wheel pumps the water from the mine called
"WhealJosiah."
2. Model of a wheel of 40 feet in diameter, by V2 loot
in breast, pumping water from a depth of 80 fiithoms; 60
fathoms, or 360 feet, with 1 2 -inch pumps ; and 20 fathoms,
or 120 feet, with 20-inch piunps, of 6 feet stroke, dis-
charging 98 gallons of water per stroke; it lifts at each
stroke 40, 000 lbs.
This wheel works a line of rods of 3i inch round iron,
232 Class 6.— MACHINES FOR DIRECT USE, INCLUDING CARRIAGES, [United
NoBTH Abbas A. B. 10 to 84 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, * 19 to 33 ; P. 1 to 32 ; G. H. 1 to 13, & 19 to 26.
530&thoiiu,or3,120fiMt,OTerpuUeya; inoonneotionwith
the shaft at the mine, called <' Wheal Anna Maria."
The water supplying theae wheels is derived from the
river Tamar, by the means of a leat two miles long, and
b^ the water oolleoted from the dressing floors on the
various mines.
The mines belong^ <o the Company, exhibiting the
above-mentioned models, are sittiated about fourmiles west
of Tavistock, in the county of Devon, on the banks of the
river Tamar, which here forms the boundary of the
counties of Devon and Cornwall. They are inlands, the
property of his Grace the Duke of Bedford, who granted
a lease of the mining set, from March 1844, for 21 yean,
at one-twelfth dues.
The mining set, whhh is about If miles in length, by
If in breadth, containing 1500 square acres, consists of
the mines called "Wheal Maria," "Wheal Fanny,"
"Wheal Anna Maria," "Wheal Josiah," and "Wheal
Emma," on the principal or champion lode, running east
and west; "Wheal F^ementor" on the southern part,
where an adit has been driven from the surface, near the
Tamar, to intersect parallel lodes; and "Wheal Thomas,"
also near the southern boundary, where a shaft has been
sunk to the depth of 40 fathoms, and an adit driven with
a view of proving the ground in that direction. The ore
is found in the killas, or clay slate, of the country, and
consists of black, grey, and yellow copper ore, the latter
predominating. Operations at the mines were com-
menced in Augiurt, 1844, and the great lode, from which
the following large quantities of ore have been extracted,
was cut in November following, at a depth of 17^ fathoms
from the surface. The first sale of ore took place in
February, 1845; since which date, monthly sales have
been regularly made, and the returns to the end of
Blarch, 1851, with the amount realized, and dividends
paid, are as follow: —
Dividend*
RetnrntofOte. Amount RMliwd. Paid.
Tn Tki* «i ■> Ton*, cwt*. qn. £ $. d, £
1845 } "3'^'^* ^2 0 120,382 14 5 55,296
1846 14,398 9 0 94.626 17 10 37,888
1847 14,413 6 3 102,889 12 3 15,360
1848 16,580 17 2 100,761 14 5 30,720
1849 15,431 18 0 104,624 I 7 34,304
1850 17,290 15 3 117,364 12 2 40,960
^*185l''} *'^^* ** ^ ^^'^^^ ^^ ^ ^^'^^^
Tons 96,343 17 8 £667,510 6 2 £229,888
En^neer and designer of the models, Mr. Nathaniel
Smith, Mary Tavy, aear Tavistock.
420
Apfold, J. Geoboe, 23 WSton Street, Finskury
— Inventor.
Centrifugal pump for draining marshes, contains one
gallon ; it discharges its contents 1,400 times in a minute,
and does 73 per cent. duty. This pump is adapted for a
large quantity of water, with a low lift ; has no valves
in action; and is adapted I > a tide pump. Manufactured
by Eaaton & Amos, Qrove, Southwark.
421 Besskmer, Henrt, Baxter House, St. Pancras Road—
Patentee and Manufacturer.
1. A centrifugal disc pump for land and sewer
drainage, which is said to be capable of discharging 20
tons of water per minute, and will drain one acre of land
per hour, if covered with one foot depth of water. The
distinguishing features of this apparatus are, its combina-
tion with the steam-engine (the disc and shaft of the
pump serving also the purpose of fly-wheel and shaft to
the engine), and the absence of all intermediate gearing,
or any form of piston, slider, valve, stuffing-box, or rub-
bing surface of any kind whatever in the pump; its
great power in proportion to its weight, the small npace it
occupies, and the cheap rate at which, from its simplicity,
it can be manufacture in comparison with other descrip-
tions of pump.
3. Model of a pump for steam-ships, being a pra-
oise copy of the exhibitor's original patent for the centri-
fugal duw, dated 5th December, 1845. The model will
lift one ton per minute 20 feet high. The pump-
case is divided into two oomMurtments, in one of which is
a centrifugal disc, and in the other a pair of emissive
steam-arms, fixed on the axis of the pump, whereby •
rotary motion is given to the disc, wnenever steam is
admitted to the arms. It therefore contains its own
steam power, and may be used at any time to pump the
ship, even though her engines may be disabled.
The full-sized pump, with a case of 3 feet 6 inches in
diameter and 20 inches wide, will discharge from the
ship 10 tons of water per minute.
3. A oentriAigal disc pump for locomotive engines; it is
self-acting, and will therefore supply water to the boiler
while the engine is at rest. It conusts of only one moving
piece; has no valve, piston, slider, orstuffing-box; therefore
neither steam nor water can leak firom it. It is intended to
run the vertical axis on a mineral beuring, which requires
no oil or lubricating matter: all heat from friction of the
axis is prevented, by the axis being situated in the cold
water supply-pipe; the action of the stone upon the axis
gives it bnluant polish, but does not wear it away ; and as
there are no other rubbing surfaces, its stoppage or de-
rangement is almost impossible, particularly as there are
moving parts exterior to the case. The only material
used is an alloy of copper, tin, and nickel. This pump is
applicable to marine and stationary boilers, as it will
supply them with water when the ordinary pump may be
out of repair, or when the engine is stopping. The one
exhibited will supply 900 gallons per hour, equal to a
boiler of 130 horse-power.
4. A small model worked by hand to illustrate the
principle of the centrifugal disc.
422 Stocker, Samuel k George, 4 Arthw Street,
New Oxford Street — Manufacturers,
Patent pillar beer machines of various designs, and
pump. Recess coucters, having separate compartments
for spirits and beer, designed by Samuel Stocker, jun.
Patent seven-motion and other beer machines. New
design for a spirit tap. Patent lift pumps for spirit
warrhouses, &c. Newly invented patent jar or bottle,
intended to dispense with corking and imcorking; may
be opened or closed instantaneously; is air-tight, and
capable of being locked and secured without waxing,
capsule, wire, or spring. Patent new pewter pot which
cannot be melted. Decanter and water bottle, with self-
acting stoppers. Tapping cocks which cannot be injured
by being driven into the cask ; and anti-corrosive tap,
made of oak and pewter. Apparatus for icing or warm-
ing ale and other liquids.
423
Slack, Jakes, 46 Commercial Road, Lambeth
— Inventor,
Polished slate cistern, with an improved patent rapid
purifier, 5 ft. long, 4 ft. deep, and 3 ft, wide; calculated
to produce 3, QUO gallons per day of pure soft water.
Portable stone-ware rapid purifier, to be fixed upon
the floor.
424 Warner, John, & Sons, 8 Crescent, Jeicin Street —
Manufiuiturers,
1. Overshot water-wheel, with three pumps, in iron
frame, for raising water to gentlemen's houses from a
river, pond, or spring. This wheel is represented in the
following cut (page 233).
2. Horsewheel and improved pumps for reusing water
from deep wells,
3. Double barrel pumps and air vessel, in iron frame,
for raising water from shallow wells,
4. Double barrel pumps, in iron frame, for raising
water out of shallow wells.
5. Treble barrel brewers' pumps, in iron frame, to be
worked by steam, horse, or water power.
0. Patent vibrating standard pump on plank, for the
supply of water to closets and all house purposes.
J
■\
KiKODOii.] RAILWAY AND MARINE MECHANISM. 283
North Abkab A. B. 10 to 84 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, fc 19 to 88 ; F. 1 to 82 ; O. H. 1 to 18, & 19 to 26.
Wurner and Sons' Ovanhot Witefwheel.
7. Patent vibrating standard iron pump, for ponda or
manure tanks.
8. Patent vibrating standard iron lift pump on plank.
9. Patent garden engine, with registered spreader.
10. Fire engine, with folding handles, for the use of
mansions and small parishes.
The articles numbered 6, 7, 8, and 9, are patented by
the exhibitors.
425 Clahk, Oboboe Delianson, 12 London Street,
Oreenitich — Inventor's Agent. _
Water-filter, a mrdel in action, exhibiting a new
mode, on the prinoijle of natural filtration, self-acting,
economical, and applicable on a large scale for the supply
of pure water to towns and districts. Model of same
attached to a house-cistern, filtering the water as de-
livered fipom the main; connected with a self-acting regu-
lator or water-meter, which governs and registers the
supply with accuracy ; and also connected with an appa-
ratus for cleansing sewers with waste water.
426
Deane, John, 1 Cross Wall, Z)or«r— Designer
and Inventor.
A working model of a diver in his diving apparatus,
consisting of a helmet, submarine dress, &c., in a reservoir
of plate glass, containing about sixty gallons of water,
the bottom of which represents the bed of the sea, with
rocks, wreckage, &c., and the top a fortification, mounting
ten brass gane, formed from metal recovered from the
wreck of the Royal Gteorge by the constructor.
A glass model of a diving bell, representing two men
supplied with r by a three-cylinder brass rotatory con-
densing engine. Model diving helmet, submarine water-
proof dress, &c.
427 BvwATEB, WiTHAM M., 99 PiccodiUy —
Designer and Manufacturer.
Water-meter, suitable to any preiisure.
428 ToBNEB, E. W. K., 31 Praed Street, Paddington—
Inventor.
Model of an invention for improving the water supply.
429 BoTTEN, Chables, C/erA«n«!e«— Manufacturer.
Appold's self-regulating friction-break. The resistance
of this machine when loaded to any fixed strain on the
handle will not vary, whether it be well oiled and work-
ing freely, or dry and with considerable friction. It is
adapted for traasuring labour in prisons, or ascertaining
the amount of wurk performed by steam engines and
other machines. Patented by J. Q. Appold, Esq., Wilson
Street, Finsbury Square.
434 M'NiOHOLL & Vebmon, Bnmiwioh Sttam Smt MUh,
Liverpool— Vropritiion, (JoBM MoNicHOU, In.
ventor and Patentee.)
Working model of patent itMun timTelling cnuie, for
lifting and removing heavy wei^ta st the good»-dep6t of
railways, in timber-ynda, Ibundriea and ouier menwfao-
toriee, and for the loading and disoharging the oargoea of
veaaela. The three motiona— the hoiMontal, the truia-
verse, and the hoisting— may be worked simultaaeoualy,
or independently, or any two in combination. — (See
Plate 23.)
1. This machine is adapted for the purmae.of lifting
and removing heavy vreights at the gooda-depAta of rail-
ways, in timber-yards, foundries, and other manufao-
tones, and for the loading and diaoharging the oargoea of
veeaela.
2. This ia the firat inatance of the threefold motiona of
a travelling orane being woiked from a stationary engine.
The three motions, the horiiontal, the transverse, and
the hoisting motions, may be worlied simultaneously, or
either of them may be worked independently, or any
two of them may be worked in combination. The model
will exhibit the mechanical arrangements by which theee
effects are produced.
3. The efficiency of these machines may be judged trom
the circumstance that one of them, with a 50-foot span,
will travel lOO feet in a horizontal direction, with a load
of three or four tons attached to it, in 45 seconds; and
during the time the whole platform with the load ia so
movi^, the load may be moving across the platform at
right angles with the motion of the platform itself; at the
some time, also, the weight may be raised or lowered as
required. Cranes, on this principle, are being erected
where the span is 53 feet, and the length of the tramway
on which the platform travels is 266 feet, so that with
one of these machines, the steam power is enabled to
command an area of 14,098 feet.
4. In addition to the immense saving in time that is
effected by these machines, the saving in the wages of
labour is very great: one youth, at ten shillings per
week, who travels on the machine (for the purpose of
moving the handles in and out of gear), displacing the
labour of six men, at the same time doing the work more
efficiently. At a recent experiment, this m^iiine re-
moved 13 logs of timber, containing 1,050 cubic feet,
and weighing 19) tons, a distance of 100 feet (one log at
a time), and piled them in 27) minutes, at an expense in
wages of about threepence. The machine had tnus tra-
velled 2,600 feet, and made 26 stoppages in the time
named, with an average load of 30 owt. for half the
distance.
Steam power can, by this plan, be readily applied to
the ordinary hand-travelling cranes.
The following are the particular featiures, to which at-
tention is directed: —
Its novelty, see paragraph 2, above.
Its oheapnjss, inasmuch as one of these machines will
displace two or three cranes of the most approved prin-
ciples, hitherto in use.
The great annual saving it effects in wages, as seen in
paragraph 4, above.
The rapidity and precision of its operations: see para*
graph 3, above.
Its freedom from liability to derangement. Several of
these machines have been in use for upwards r^ six
months, working daily from morning to night, without
stopping one hour for repairs.
This machine, like the ordinary hand-travelling crane,
moves upon a tram-road laid upon longitudinal beams,
raised from 15 to 20 feet above the level of the ground,
the beams being supported at intervals by uprights. A
square shaft, a (2^ inch diameter), runs the entire length
of the tram-road, and is attached to the longitudinal
beams by moveable supports 6, 6, 6. This shaft is con-
nected at one extremity to the engine. Upon it and re-
volving with it, ia placed a drum, c, which works, by
means of a leather belt, the pulley d attached to the
moving platform; the pulley d is fixed on the shaft e,
upon which oi-e placed the bevil-wheels, which impart the
234 Clam 5.— MACHINES FOR DIRECT USE, INCLUDING CARRIAGES, [United
Nonni Arbas A. B. 10 to 34 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 10 to 33 ; F. 1 to 32 ; G. H. 1 to 13, ft 19 to 26.
I
thnafold motion to the omne. The bevil-wheels//, which
revolve on the iliaft. are made lo aa to turn the bevil-
wheei g, bv means of the clutch-box h, which is attached
to the shaft ; so tliat by withdrawing the dutch-bos from
one of the bevil-wheels, and putting it in gear with the
other, the motion of the bevil-wheel, g, is reversed, and
when tlie olutch-boz is out of gear, the bevil-wheel g is
stationary. The bevil-wheel g is fastened upon the small
shaft I, to the other end of which is attached the pinion
I, which works the spur-wheel fixed to the roller-wheel k,
and imparts the longitudinal motion to the whole plat-
form. As the platform would otherwise move away from
the drum o, which communicates the motion, it is mode
to slide freely upon the shaft, and being attached to the
moving platform by means of the rod /, it always pre-
serves its relative position with regard to the pulley d.
The difficulty of making the drum pass over the numer-
ous brackets that a long shaft must necessarily have to
support it, is overcome by making the brackets swing on
a centre, so that when the drum c, protected by the
guard n, comes in contact with one of the brackets hh, it
yields, as shown in fig. 1, and allows the drum to pass
over it. Immediately it has bo passed, the weight of the
lower extremity of the bracket causes it to resume its
position, and the machine passes on to the next bracket,
where the operation is repeated. In order to prevent
the shock that would be felt in putting in motion so
heavy a bod^ as a travelling crane of 50-feet span, carry-
ing m addition to its own weight a load of three or four
tons, a friction-roller, o, is made to press upon the leather
belt that passes round the drum c and the pulley d, so
that before putting the machine in gear the fnotion-roller
is raised ; the machine is then put in gear, and the fric-
tion-roller gradually lowered. The momentary slipping
of the belt round the puUev d, when the weight of the
friction-roller is onlv partially resting upon it, causes the
machine to move forward with an easy motion; and,
directly it is under way, the friction-roller is allowed to
bear with the whole of its weight, and the cruie then
moves forward with its load at its usual speed of 100 feet
in 45 seconds. . The hoisting motion is obtained by com-
municating the power through the bevil-wheels q q, and
the shaft r, to the barrel s, round which the chain revolves.
In order to render the hoisting motion independent of the
transverse motion, the hoisting chain passes from the
barrel rotmd which it is coiled to the truck t, and after
passing over the pulley u, under the snatch-block r, and
over the pulley u>, it is finally attached to the point x, at
the extreme end of the platform. To hoist a weight,
therefore, it is merelv necessary that the handle y, which
communicates with the clutch-box z, should be moved a
few inches.
The transverse motion is imparted to the load by means
of the barrel 'a, which is worked from the shaft e, by the
bevil-wheels '6 b', and clutch-box 'o, in the same manner
as the longitudinal and the hoisting motions. Two
chtdns are attached to the barrel, in such a way that one
winds when the other unwinds. One of these chains is
attached to the small truck t, at 'd, and the other ia
carried round the pulley '«, and fastened to the truck at
% so that by alternately putting the clutch-box 'c in gear
with one or other of the bevil-wheels '6 '6, by means of
the handl ' 'g, the truck, and with it the load, is moved
backwards and forwards along the platform at right
migles with the motion of the platform itself.
Each of the above, the longitudinal, the transverse,
ami the hoisting motions, con be used independently of
either of the others ; or any two of the motions may be
used in combination; or the whole three may be used
simultaneously. For instance, at the some time that a
weight attached to the hook h' is being raised from the
ground by the barrel a, the truck t, nr><* consequently the
load suspended on the chain, may be moved in the
direction '> or 'j, at the same time that the whole plat-
form may be moving in a longitudinal direction.
[The savingofiected by the useof woll-designcd machines
at railway stations, &c., to the reduction as much as pos-
Hible of manual labour, is very great. A waggon of heavy
merchandise taken to a crane, can b« unloaded and placed
in a road- waggon by three men in one hour: without the
crane, double the number of men working a whole day
would be required to do the same work. Cranes that
can be moved to the waggons are often advantageous.
8. C]
430 Tebat, J., Aldine Chambers, Patemotttr Sow—
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Patent water-meter.
438 Fill, Richard, M Niolmtat X<in«— Inventor.
Sea-water regenerator, to supply pure fresh water from
salt or sea water, in whatever situation it may be required.
For shipping purposes it supersedes the necessity of em-
barking water. The expense is comparatively trifling.
Patent self-cleansing filter; a peculiar feature consiBta
in its being applicable either for a large reservoir or for
a portable or house filter.
New motive power, intended to supersede the use of
all steam locomotives, by introducing compressed air to
propel carriages upon railways, by maintaining a uniform
pressure or force throughout the line, and having at all
times a perfect command of the engine or carriages.
Preservator; for obviating the necessity of bottling all
kinds of liquors, I'equiring preservation from the atmo-
sphere. By this mivchine, wines, spirits, stout, ftc, can
be kept on draught, and not only retain their full flavour,
but they con also be removed from one vessel to another
without being exposed to the atmosphere.
440 SiEBB, A., 5 Denmark Street, Soho — Inventor.
Improved self-pressure cook for steam boilers.
444 Fletcreb, Thomas, 161 Westgate Street, Otouctnter
— Inventor and Manufacturer.
Improved slide-tap apparatus for supplying Are-engines
with water from the street plugs. It opens a two-inch
waterway through the slide, and having a curved neck,
it ofiers no obstruction to the passage of the water
when in use. Double connecting branch for the supply
of two engines. Improved slide tap to be attached to
hose and swan's neck at the engine, so as to enable the
fireman in attendance at the engine to shut off the water
when desired.
446 Scmpton, J., 14 A'6wi/ Square, Piinlico — Inventor.
Plug or cock -box, on a new principle, for water-works
or gas-works. __________^_
447 Bbouohton, R. H., Park Street, ^:<ighouae —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Self-acting machine, for regulating the supply of water
in steam boilers.
448 Cheavin, Sqcier, Spalding — Inventor.
A floating filtering pump.
Specimens of metallic paste or cement, intended to
prevent damp in walls, and to keep out wet. V
449 Smith R., & Son, St. Mary Cray, Kent — Inventors.
New high-pressure fire-engine, for large public build-
ings, docks, warehouses, and ships.
Model of a newly-invented double-motion pump, with
transpai-ent glass tubes, showing the moveable parts of
the inside of the pump.
Figs. 1, 2. These figures represent the application of
the fire-extinguishing apparatus to a private dwelling.
The water-spreader. Fig. 3, e, being placed under the or-
nament in the centre of the ceiling at e, Fig. 2.
Fig. 1 shows the mechanical arrangements for obtain-
ing the requisite supply and pressure of water: A is the
water-pump ; B the reservoir for water ; C the suction'-
pipe; g is the air-pump; and E the oir-vessel. The sup-
ply pipes are represented by the letters/) pp.
b
[United
'TO 26.
KlJMIDOM.]
NonTii Areas A,
RAILWAY AND MARINE MECHANISM.
B, 10 TO 34 ; 0. D. E. 1 to 10, & 10 to 33 ; P. 1 to 32 ; Q.
235
H.l to 13, A 19 to 26.
450
NevilLj.Iohn Patmore, 8 CrutchcJ Friars —
Inventor.
Mudol of a machine to work by hand in a ehip's hold,
for discharging loose cargo. When used for com the
buckets serve as measures.
452
Selfe, Henby, Kmislon, Surrey/— Manufacturer
and Inventor.
Common pump with reserve chamber ; improved
valves, and bucket of new construction. Models of
several useful machines on improved principles.
462 Freeman & Roe, 70 S<ran<i— Manufacturers.
Hydraulic ram for raising water to the tops of houses,
where a fall oau be obtained,
[The hydraulic ram is a simple machine, containing a
pulse- valve J a valve between the air-vessel and the body
of the ram; and by a falling column of water acting on
the pulse-valve closes it, thus letting a portion of water
into the air-vessel. By a continuation of this action the
air becomes compressed, and a portion of water finds its
way to the top of the column; it is beautifully adapted
for the supply of small towns, mansions, farms, Ac]
Fountain basins of iron, for pleasure grounds, with all
kinds of ornamental jets. {North Tramept.)
One of these fountains is shown in the cut.
'^-'ar^anjr;^,j^,im;ma ,m Jfcl
fc^V«W>
Freeman and Roe's Ornamental Fuuntain.
466 Keith, Qeorge, 36 PiccarfiWi/— Inventou.
Liquid meter.
467 Beere, Oeoroe, Oallaway Homo, liat/i —
Manufacturer.
Archimedean screw for raising fluids; constructed with
square canals.
468 Billinton, William, C.E., 31 Segent Street-
Proprietor,
Patent improved water-meter.
471 Buroess, D., Glasgow — Manufacturer.
Hydrostatic press.
472 Firth, Thomas, Huddersfield—'K.KaaSaatvser.
Plates of machines in gilt frames. Working model of
improved hydraulic press, with indicator and check.
Hydrostatic press.
474 Downton, J., 4 Conant Place, Commercial Road,
Limehauae — Patentee and Manufacturer.
Patent engine-pump, used in the Navy; the principle of
which consists in its having three boxes working in the
same cylinder, with a three-throw crank, by which means
a continued stream of water is kept up.
475 Clunes, T., 100 Lock Street, Aberdeen — Inventor
and Manufacturer.
Registered rotatory pump, that will act either as a
common lift or foi-ce pump, and may be applied with
advantage for a portable fire-engine, &o.
476 Little, Major Robert J., 4 Queen's Terrace,
Woolwich Common — Inventor.
An improved watercock, with double plug, for connect-
ing pipes without breaking joints, with sectional draw-
ings of the same. Designed by the exhibitor, and manu-
factured by Frost, Noakes, and Vincent, 193 Brick Lone,
Whitechapel.
478 Lambert & Son, Short Street, Lambeth —
Manufacturers.
Union joints and water-taps, with a new application of
vulcanized caoutchouc. Locomotive and steam fittings.
Description of the patent vulcanized In'lia-rubber water
taps: a is the body of the valve; b is the cover; c is the
flexible diaphragm, confined at its edges, serving the pur-
pose of a stuffing-box; d is the valve, which is held to its
seating by the pressure of the water; e is the handle or
knob, by means of which the valve is opened; by this
arrangement it cannot be left open : there are other
methods for opening and closing the same; the arrows
denote the waterway when open.
36 Clam 6.— MACHINES FOR DIRECT USE. INCLUDING CARRIAGES, [Umitkd
North Amas A. B. 10 to 84 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 10 to 33 ; F. 1 to 32 ; G. H. 1 to 13, ft 10 to 26.
Lambert uid Son'i Patent Vulcanlied India-rubber Water TajM.
480 Wioht, James, 95 Itrelmn Street, Tradttton,
Glcugow — Inventor.
Water- wheel and amall oiatem for retaliating the water.
The latenary water-wheel is intended to give more effect
than can be obtained from the same quantity of wi'tw
applied upon an overshot wheel of the beat constructiou.
The power is at once applied at the greatest extent of
the leverage, without any increase in the diameter of
the wheel.
482
CoiXINOE & Co., 65 Bridije Road, Lan^h—
Manufacturers.
Specimens of screw-lifting jacks.
484
Enoi^nd, Q., Haicham Iron Works, New Crot» —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Patent traversing screw-jack, for raising and moving
heavy bodies, both vertically and lateralljr. It is par-
ticularly applicable to railway purposes, as in case of an
engine being off the line ot rails, two men, with this
simple machine, can reinstate the engine upon the rails
in less than half the time that ."iO men could without it,
although they may have all other known means at com-
mand to assist them.
485 Batman, Henbt, 35 Old Gravel Lane, Ratcliffo
— Inventor and Manufacturer.
Double and single purchase improved screw lifting
jacks. The principal feature in these jacks is, that one
man can raise twice as much as by the common jack,
without fear of accident, as they will not run down while
taking up or lowering a weight. The single purchase is
equal to the ordinary double, and is lighter. Adapted for
nulways, engineers, storing wool on board ships, ftc.
486 Halet, — , Frome Street, Somerset — Producer.
Specimens of lifting jacks.
488 Olaimtone, John, jun., k Co., Liverpool —
Manuflwturen.
Railway screw jack of simple construction, CMilr car-
ried about by one man, and capable of lifting taeavr
weights. A jack is neoMsary in case of nooident, such as
oolllsions, carriages ruaning off the rails, or in the event
of either wheels or asle« giving way, and as an idd in the
removal of obatruotiona.
400
TuoBNTON, J., & Son*, Birmingham—
llHiufiMsturers.
1. Patent coupling for railway waggons and carriages.
Thornton and MoConneU'a patent. The carriages are
secured together by hmmu of hooka and links with cross
bars, which are moved from the outsidea of the carriages,
and prevent the dangerous practice of going underneath
and between the carriagM for the purpose of coupling
and uncoupling them. Sm figure annexed.
\iL_l
Tlior.ilon'a Patent Coupling fur Kailway NV'aggona.
2. Patent steam-engine piston. Exhibitors' patent.
The packing rings of tliis piston are adjustecl by means
of two conical surfaces, acted on by a spring and elastic
discs.
3. Improved carriage axles, exhibiting different construc-
tions, manufactured from the Patent Shaft and Axle-tree
Company's iron, each axle being composed of at least nine
different bars of iron welded together, prepared for this
purpose, and insuring greater safety.
4. Hydraulic liftingjack for rail way engines and carriages.
Its advantages are, the ease and steadiness with which a
great weight can be raised by one person, the facility
with which the lowering of the weight can be regulated
without labour, and its economy, since one man with
this jack may lift 15 to 20 tons.
Fig. 1 represents the hydraulic lifting jack, a is a
hollow vessel forming the base of the jack, and also a
reservoir for the water; 6, the cylinder ; c, the ram;
d, the pump; e, the plung;er; /, the slide; 7, the pump-
lever; n, conical pointed pin; 1, a small air-tap.
5. Improved crown-head lifting screw jack; powerful,
poi-table, and quick in its action. (See fig. 2.)
[Ukitkd
•Miljr ow-
(ting bMvy
nt, luoh M
n the event
1 *id in the
doairiagea,
iiriaffei are
I with orou
• ouriagee,
underneath
>f coupling
KiNODOM.] RAILWAY
North Areas A. B. 10 to 34 ; V. C*. L.
' WARTNE MECHANISM. 237
„ JO, M 9 TO ay F. 1 TO 82 5 O. H, 1 TO 13, fi. J TO m.
construe- \
Axle-tree
least nine
1 for this
Thornton't liiflin'; .'uk.
C. Improved double bar wrench with solid handle for
locomotive purposes ; manufactured for the exhibitors,
by Thewlis & Griffith of Wiirrington.
7. Railway shovels for engine stokers, coke, and sough-
ing; of improved shapes.
501 & 500 Great Western Railwat CoHPAmr,
16 Laurence Lane, Chenpnde — Producer.
Locomotive engine and tender, constructed at the Com-
pany's works at Swindon.
One of the ordinary class of engines constructed by
this Company for passenger traffic since 1847. It is ca-
pable of taking a passenger-train, of 120 tons, at an ave-
rage speed of GO miles per hour, upon easy gradients. The
evaporation of the boiler, when in full work, is equal to
lODO-horse power, of 33,000 lbs. per horse — the effective
power, as measured by a dynamometer, is equal to 743
horse power.
The weight of the engine, empty, is 31 tons; coke and
water, 4 tons — engine in working order, 35 tons.
Tender empty, 9 tons; water, 1,600 gallons, 7 tons
3 cwt. ; coke, 1 ton 10 cwt. — total 17 tons 13 cwt.
The heating surfaces are, fire-box 156 feet; 305 tubes
1,759 feet.
Diameter of cylinder, 18 inches; length of stroke, 24
inches; diameter of driving-wheel, 8 feet; maximum
pressure of steam, 120 lbs.
The actual consumption of fuel in practice, with on
average load of 90 tons, and an average speed of 29
miles, including stoppages (ordinary mail train), has
averaged 20*8 lbs. of coke per mile.
A traversing-frame as used upon the Great Western
Railway, manufactured by Mr. O. Hennott, Bridgewater,
for trauHferring railway carriages from one line of rails to
any othur parallel line. Short inclined planes are
atteched to each end, up which the carriage is run upon
tho flanged of the wheels, and which are there raised
clear of the rails by means of a pedal. The main lines
of railH are usually lowered about an inch at the place
where the frame is placed, so as to diminish by about half
the amount what the carriage has to be raised,
A model of a safety stop or switch for a siding, worked
together with the signal by the same lever as the switch
of the siding; also of double signals for a junction line
worked by the switchman . Manufactured by Mr. Richard
Brotherhood, Great Western Railway, Chippenham, Wilts.
The engine and traversing frame are placed upon a
portion of permanent way of the construction adopted
upon the Great Western Railway.
502 Bbotherhood, Richard, C/iippenhc: -Inventor.
Railway signal and stops, and patent tilt waggon.
503 B» Mii, OciTAVV* Edward, 'ireat W»»>r »
Riiilwai), Paikliitillon- lliT«ti4)NP,
riiri self atittng railway siitiQcr %♦»
ijeot of tlil» (DuiitrivMioe >» -o pre ,,.. cidanto
R«|i
Th.
on ras
dent»ii>
lilt lit
with pMMiiig tr "
into a aiding, >iui
purposely r«iuov«
•wrnoges '
•'"•I ther<<i
., oarriofri'
>mv^ OOUe
«ruok» ^••t,ti-.i< act'i-
rKMtoitiiir 'itainm
i.i'iiuk . Ni' jitmhed
again withuut being
•■^WJf nOt^
>'>iv«Btor and Patentee,
l^e's patent, railway
607 Lee, JoHw, i"
Full-iieed umlm .urn ,,<b. , .._
breaks and axle-box. These breaks act directly fh>m the
axle and box of the wheels with a wedge-power shoe,
which bears against the wheels and rails. The shoe has
a long surface bearing on the rail of 18 inches of oonf
pound adhesive metal. The inefficient breaks commonly
in use produce only five-eighths, or at most one inch, of
bearing or friction hom the wheel on the roil, which
greatly deatroys the wheel trre and raits, and is insuffi-
cient as a stopping power. The friction on the rail of the
exhibitor's break has tho advantage of 18 to 1 over other
breaks, by seouving a certainty of biting the rails in wet,
foKSy. »«>d slippery weather. This break being inde-
pendent of the fhkme of the carriage, is tree fW>m the
unpleasant tilting motion and mepliltio smell of the old
br«kks. It is brought into action by one revolution of a
powerful screw; another half turn of the screw throws
the whole weight of the carriage upon the wedge block-
bearing of the break against the wheel and nil, thus
ft«eing the tyre of the wheels flrom friction, and raising
the wheels clear of the rails one-sixteenth of an inch,
further rise being prevented; thereby saving the expen-
sive wear and tear of the wheels' tyre and rails — a matter
of great consideration in the current cost of the stock of
railway companies. These breaks can be brought into
action on inclines, and relieved again without stopping
the train.
Full-sized pair of Lee's patent carriage-wheels, with
axletrees and axle- bos. This patent invention is designed
to prevent accidents when the axletree breaks — a ciroum-
stfuice not of unfrequent occurrence with public convey-
ances and railway trains, and is applicable to all kinds of
carriages and machinery. When the axletree breaks the
wheel will still retain its position, revolve, and carry on
the carriage with safety to any distance. The bearings
are more than triple the strength and utility of the solid
axle. The draught of the horse is greatly reduced by it,
and the bearing is proof against the heating or setting
fast of the wheel : it carries a large supply of oil to last
more than twelve months, and is protected f^om grit, &c.
These wheels can be readily detached and replaced again.
It very greatly obviates the sudden unpleasant jerk caused
by the wheels coming in contact with projecting sub-
stances. ^__^^________
508 Crahpton, Thomas R., South Eastern Jtadway Com-
pan;/, 15 Buckiixgham Street, Adelphi—laveniov
and Patentee.
South Eastern Railway Company's London and Paris
express locomotive engine, the "Folkstone," Crampton's
patent.
[This engine is suspended from three points at the
ends of the machine, the object being to insure the
weights on the wheels being at all times the same, and
thus producing the greatest amount of steadiness. Atten-
tion is also called to the fact that the whole of the
machinery is independent of the road ; it is thus similar
in its action to a fixed engine, and the risk ot breaking
the crank axle, which frequently occurs in inside cylinder
engines, is considered to be thus avoided.]
509 England, GEOBOK,^o<cAam/ro»WorA», New Cross —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
An improved locomotive engine.
This class of engine is intended to reduce the locomo-
tive expenses in proportion to the amount of traffic. The
888 Clam 6.-MACHINE8 FOR DIRKCT USE, INCLUDINO CARRIAnKH. {Vt»\Tti>
NoBTB Arkar a. B. 10 to 3i{ C. D. E. 1 to 10, ft 10 to 83 ; F. 1 to 82 j O. II. 1 to la, ft I« to '-'«.
, ^ dimeiuloM w* the foUowtng.—Cf linden, 0
nohaa in diMnetar; itntke, 13 IdoIum; driving- wheeli,
4 fMt 6 inoliea: uid waixht, in Aill workina order, 13
ton*. It ha* been proved tl)*t this engine w eft|nblo of
working eipreea tnuna, of ais flrat-olaaa oarriaKea, at »
apeed of 00 milaa per liour, oonauuing only 8 \hn of coke
per mile; while, from the centre of gravity iMiiiig very
low, and fW>m the oonae<iuent ateadineaa of working at
the higheat velooitiea, an inoreaaed degree of aafety ia
obtained, beaidea doing little ii^jiiry to the nemianont
war. It oarriea coke and water for atagea of 5<) inilea,
and ia oaiwble of aaoending an incline with a greater loa<l
than any other engine, in proportion to the aiM of oylin-
den or expenditure of fuel.
610 Adami, W. Bmima, 1 AJam Street, Athlphi—
Patentee and Deaigner.
Light locomotive engine for railwaya, named " Ariel'a
Oirdle," on four wheeU, coupled to a four-wheeled com-
poaite tender; it makea a ateody eight- wheeled machine,
capable of lateral flexure for ahorp ourvea. The tender
oontaina water beneath the floor, and has a Ble<1ge break of
peculiar oonatruction, acting with friction on the railii to
aavethewhoela; itohMidlelieiiig within reach of the driver.
Eight-wheeled double railway carriage for flnt and
■ecood-olaaa paaaengen. The wheel* are left f^e to
move laterally by meana of awinging links and ahocklea,
which enable the carriage to run round curves of 2.')0 feet
radiua. A aledge break of peculiar conatruction is lua-
S ended from thia carriage. The locomotive engine pro-
uced at the Airedale Foundry, Leeda, by Kitann, Thomp-
son, and Hewitaon ; the carriage portion pro<luced at Bir-
mingham by Brown and Manhall.
A apring for the locomotive engine, formed of patent
ribbed steel; the rib, working in a corresponding hollow
of the adjoining plate, reduces the friction and preserves
the parallelism of the platen.
Patent grease-tight axle-box.
Mo<lal of a iiatent flih-Jointed rail, bedded to the upper
lip in longitutfinal timber alaepen. Prawinga illustrating
the mode of forming this railway. Drawings of patent
carriages, ftc, Inw-nung for agricultural railways. A
Don-recoiling patent atmospheric railway bufliir for ter-
minal stations.
512 London AND North Wmtkiin Kaii.wat Compant—
Strwaut, C, K., Kuntim .V>/u(ii-« .Sdifiun— Secretary.
Patent eipreaa locomotive engine, " Liverpool," — din-
meter of oylindora, IH iiiohiMi; length of stroke, 24 incheH;
diameter of driving wheels, 8 feet ; heating surface in
tubes, '1\'M feet; and in flra-box, 1.H feet; weight in
working order, 32 tons; coke and water, 4 tons, Tlin
evaporation of the boiler at full work ia etjual to I,I4U-
horae power. Pressure of steam 120 lbs. per square incli.
The engine has a very low boiler, and the greatest weight
is on the extreme wheels, which insures steadiness. Kx-
hi)>ited for the great amount of heating surface, and the
general construction. Hade by Meaan. Burr, Ciirtia,
and Kennedy, of Liverpool. The patentee, T. It. Cramp-
ton, 15 Buckingham Street, Adelphi, London, (8«o
Plate &0.)
513 London and North Westkrn Railway ComrANT—
Stewart, C. E., Etuton Sqmrc Stiitiun—Seorotury,
Narrow-gauge express engine, the " Cornwall " (nee
the following engraving), designed by Mr. Trevithiok,
one of the locomotive superintendents of the London
and North Western Railway. C*y linden, 17|| inches in
diameter; length of stroke, 2 feet; diameter of driving
wheels, 8 feet 6 inches ; weight, 27 tons. Exhibited for
improved construction, in the form and position of the
boiler, the size of wheels, &c. Mode at the Locomotive
Works of the Loudon and North Western Railway at
Crewo.
The " Cornwall " Ezprew Nsnow-gauge Engine,— London snd North Weatem Railway Company,
[The amount of power obtainable in n locomotive steam-
engine is to be measured by the diameter r the cylinder,
or rather by the area of the piston working 1 1 1 1 1 1 < ylinder,
and the pressure of the steam; and the effect v th which
the power can be applied to produce speed as .i. result ia
dependent upon the rapidity with which steam con be pro-
duced in the boiler; whilst the economy with which power
can be obtained and effect given to it ore estimated by the
fuel consumed and by the absorption of power by the ma-
chinery, and the demand which the engine itself and its
tender make upon the otherwise available power.
The high pressure which yields power, and the rapid
evaporation which gives the means of applying the power
directly to obtain speed, are dependent upon the effect with
which heat con be applied to the water in the boiler; and
hence the amount of surface exposed by a boiler in any
rrNITBD
1
1
KlNODOM.J
NoBTH Areas A.
RAILWAY AND MARINE MECHANISM,
B. 10 TO 34 ; C, D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; F. 1 to 32 ; G. H. 1 to 13, & 19 to 20
239
manner to the action of the fire in the furnace or fire-box,
or to heat arising from it — that is to say, whether by means
of tubes running through the boiler and forming flues to
the heat from the fire, or by a casing about the fire in the
furnace— is the measure of the capability of the engine in
respect of both power and speed.
Tlie diameter of the cylinder, the length of the stroke,
and the diameter of the driving-wheel of a locomotive en-
gine, act and react upon one another. Increase in the dia-
meter of the cylinder increasing the area of the piston,
and thereby its means of applying the power generated in
the boiler, is an advantage checked in a slight degree only
by the consequent increase of the friction of the piston in
the cylinder : increase in the diameter of the driving-wheel
requires increased power to put and keep the wheel in
motion, but it gives increased speed to the locomotive as a
body with the same speed of the piston in the cylinder;
but increase in the diameter of the driving-wheel re-
quires increased strength in the cranks of its axle, and
thereby greater length of stroke, whilst greater length of
stroke increases the time of the stroke, and conse'
quently the time of a revolution of the driving-wheel. -
W.H.]
614 Knox, G., Ihttetthall, near Wolverhampton — Inventor.
Model of railway break carriage.
522 Paibbaibn, W., Mnncheater — Manufacturer.
Locomotive tank engine.
526 Wilson, E. B., & Co., Leeds ; and 2 Poets' Comer,
Westminster — Manufacturers.
A locomotive double boiler tank engine and screw-
moorings. The peculiar features of this engine are, its
having two separate fire-boxes and boilers, so arranged
that the stoking can be performed at alternate intervals
in each bos. The class of engines is six-wheeled, having
four wheels coupled by outside rods with inside cylin-
ders and crank axle; the centre of gravity is low, and the
greater portion of the weight is carried by the coupled
wheels securing a large amount of adhesion. The figure
represents a side and half-end elevation of the engines.
•(...J.
J i^A^
>»(• of Ftat
WiUon St Co.'s Locomotive Tank Engine.
530 Williams, Chables Cave, Glassfiouse Yard, Qosieell
Street — Inventor and Manufacturer.
Railway carriage constructed entirely of East India
Moiilmein teak, unpainted, the object being economy. As
varnish only is used instead of paint, a carriage can be
repaired and got ready for work in a few days.
[East Indian teak is perhaps one of the most valuable
timbers for all purposes where lightness and strength are
required. It is extremely durable, and resists to a con-
siderable extent the invasions of fungi and insects. Its
native habitat is the mountains of Malabar and other
districts, where it grows to an enormous size. Its
botanical name ia Tectona grandis. — R. E.]
632 Henson, Henbt H„ Pinner, near Watford-
Inventor.
Patent improved covered waggon for the conveyance of
merchandise by railway, constructed of wood and iron on
a new principle. When closed, this vehicle is firaproof
nnd waterproof, and any portion of the side or roof may
be easilv opened to load or unload. Fig. 1 shows au
end, and Fig. 2 a side, elevation of this waggon.
Fig. 1.
tlenwn'8 Coveri'd Wnngon. Kiid IClc-vntiun,
240 Class 6.— MACHINES FOR DIRECT USE, INCLUDING CARRIAGES, [Unitkd
North Areas A. B. 10 to 34 ; C. D. B. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; F. 1 to 32 ; G. H. 1 to 13, & 19 to 20.
Fig. 2.
Heiuon's Covered Wiggon. Side Elevation.
534 KmoN, Thompson, ft Hewitson, Leeds —
Manufacturers.
Locomotive tank -engine. Its dimensiong are, cylinders,
11 inches diameter, with 22 inch stroke. Is carried on
six solid wrought-iron wheels. The pair of driving wheels
is 6 feet diameter, and two pairs of carrying wheels, 3 feet
6 inches diameter. Constructed to run light express
trains: will run without tender; having two water tanki*
beneath the boiler, and foot-plate to carnr 500 gallons of
water, and sufficient coke space upon the foot-plate to
run for a journey of .50 miles.
The figure represents a side elevation of this engine.
Kitaon, Thompson, and Hewitaon't Locomotive Twili Engine.
636 Hawthorn, R. & W., Nemeastle-npon-Tyne —
Manufacturers.
First-class patent passenger locomotive engine. The
weight of the engine is distributed more uniformly than
Tisual upon the wheels and axles. The slide-valves arc
relieved from the extreme pressure of steam, and the
link motion, together with the action of the slide-valves,
b improved. This engine is representee! in the accom-
panying cut, page 241.
llie slide valves are relieved by the arrangement repre-
sented at a from the extreme pressure of the steam.
The link-motion, the arrangement of which is indicated
by letters ft 6, is also improved, and greater security is
thiu obtained.
539 McCoNNSLi., I. E., Woherton — Inventor.
Model of railway passenger carriage.
541 HaDDAN, John Coope, 29 Bloomabury Square —
Inventor.
Specimens of patent pe.pier machd for the exterior of
railway carriages.
Patent rkilwav carriage — the wooden panels grooved
orrebt'ted in the framing, show the ordinary and the
painted part, the improved construction, which consists
of a covering of papier mach^ in large pieces, laid over
and against flush framework. Exhibited for cheapness
and durability; the paper panels will not shrink, and
there are no grooves to retain wet, which rots the framing.
Patent railway wheel, formed with wooden wedges to
check vibration, and with wrought-iron nave, with tires
not liable to burst from being in a state of tension.
Railway wheel formed of plain bars and filling-up pieces ;
the bars are so bent, and the filling-up pieces so shaped,
that the heat requisite for welding on tne cheeks of the
nave does not bum or injure the bars, while at the same
[Unitkk
: 19 TO 20,
light exprew
) water tanka
00 gallons of
foot-plate to
his engine.
Square —
I exterior of
lels grooved
EU7 and the
lich consista
B8, laid over
>r cheapness
shrink, and
the frainin^.
n wedges to
», with tires
ision.
g-up pieces;
1 80 shaped,
leeks of the
at the same
KiNODOM.] RAILWAY AND MARINE MECHANISM, Ml
North Arkas A. B. 10 to 34 ; C. D, E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; F. 1 to 32 ; G. H. 1 to 13, k 19 to 26.
t
time the spokes better resist torsion : vibration is checked
by curving the spokes.
Another, constructed of plain bars, one end of each
being bent so as to overlap or lie round the one next to
it, and form a wroiight-iron nave ; parts of the wheels
before being welded together.
543 Patent Shaft and Axletree CoBiPANv, Uriuiswick
Iron Works, Wedneabury, Birmingham — Miuuil'ticturer,
Patent railway-carriage axlo, nx. fliiished by the forge
hammer.
Patent fagot, previous to its being welded and shaped
into a patent axle.
Central bar, used in the formation of the patent fagot
radial bar, fractured to indicate the quality.
Axle end, showing the perfect union of the radial and
central bars in the welded fagot.
Patent axle (broad gauge), four and a half inches
diameter, bent and twisted, without fhicture, in conse-
i|uonce of receiving the shock of a heavy ti-ain, going at
the rate of sixty nules an hour.
The patent mode of manu&cture makes the axles
equally strong throughout; the fagot is made in a cylin-
drical form by the external bars being rolled so as to fit
accurately around a central bar. Such a fagot, however
large, is perfectly welded throughout its whole length at
one heat.
[5.]
[Officiai, Illustrated Cataloouk.]
Zta ChABB 5.— MACHINES FOR DIRECT USE, INCLUDING CARRIAGES, [UNmtD
NoBTH Arkas a. B. 10 TO 34 ; 0. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to a*" F. 1 to 32 ; G. H. 1 to 13, & 19 to 26.
Patent link for suspension bridges, rolled into form at
one heat; by avoiding the necessity of welding, and by
the arrangement of the fibres of the iron in the same
direction, throv ''hoiit its whole length, a greater and more
uniform strengt. is obtained.
550 Roberts, J. E., Holywell, TVa/es— Inventor.
Electric railway whistle.
552 De Bebode, Charles, 9 Dowgate Hitt —
Inventor and Miuiufaoturer.
Specimens of patent vulcanized India-rubber buffers
for railway carriages; they consist of alternate rings or
blocks of vulcanized India-rubber and metal plates with a
rod passing through both rings and plates; intended to
be lighter, more compact, more easily applied, and less
liable to ii\jury than steel or other springs, '^en acted
upon, these buffers offer a gradual and greatly inoreasing
resistance.
Patent station buffer, which acts by Motion; the re-
sistance being given by a tapering hulk of timber passing
between plates of metal acted on by India rubber; its
power of resistance is progressive, like the former.
[In these springs the peculiar elastic properties of vul-
canized India-rubber are made use of. Experiments have
shown that by separating the elastic rings by non-elastic
plates of metal, the e/ective elasticity is greatly increased.
In action, their ratio of resistance increases with the
amount of pressure; thus rendering them equally sen-
sible to light as well as to heavy concussions,—^. W.]
654 SANDfORD, Owen, & Watson, PJuenix Iron Works,
Sotherham—lnteaton, Designers, and Manufaotiurers.
Patent railway wheels, three feet in diameter, made of
wrought-iron, and welded into one piece. The manu-
fecture is effected by machinery, and is scarcely more ex-
pensive than that or the common wheel, while it is much
more secure, from its construction.
Wheel, 3] feet in diameter, made by the patented pro-
cess, and similar to the former, excepting that the spokes
are welded to an inner rim, which is turned, and the tire
shrunk on and secured in the ordinary manner.
555 Spencsr & Son, Neteoastle-on-Tyne—MaautBtAwen.
Baillie's patent volute springs for railway and other
purposes, applied in various forms.
655a Spencer, Thomas, IXvidele, Tipton, Staffordshire—
Manu&ciurer.
Chambers' patent wrought-iron wheel.
556 Lact, H. C, M.P., £icAmon<^— Producer.
Patent railway sleepers.
657 Crbbtadobo, Professor Andrew, 22 Peel Street,
Salford — Inventor.
Model of a machine for applying animal power to the
working of railways, consistmg of a carriage, on which
animals are placed to work the driving-wheek; with illus-
trated drawings, showing the recent improvements by the
exhibitor.
558 Warren, Peter, Ibley Fenton, Staffordshire Potteries
— ^Inventor.
Model of a driving wheel for ndlway engines, devised
to prevent slipping when going up inclines. By the use
of this wheel tho engine may be Kduced in weight, and
the wheel rendered stronger, whilst it takes no more
room uian that now in use.
[The power of a locomotive railway engine is avail-
able for onward motion only by the bite or grip of the
surfiioe of the driving-wheel on the rail, and as the
bite is created by the weight upon the wheel, the surfaces
in contact being practically smooth, as the weight of
the engine is reduced the bite becomes less tenacious, and
the power of the engine may be expended in tnnti^)g the
driving-wheel revolve without corresponding onward mo-
tion of the train. The method exhibited appears to promise
to obtain the requisite bUe or grip of the driving wheel, or
to prevent the wheel from slipping, or.firom turning round
without onward progress, by means independent of weight
upon the wheel. — ^W. H.]
Two pair of couplings for railway carriages, one for
luggage and the other for passenger carriages, to prevent
the breaking away; they may be used with or without
springs, and may be connected to any other carriage or
waggon.
Model of a weighing and lifting crane that will weigh
and wind in two mchee square, without drum or wheeb.
By this crane it is stated that a man can lift and weigh
one ton with more ease than he can half a ton witti the
common lifting crane.
559 PiSZiB, W., Alboume MUls, Marlborough — Inventor.
Railway break, which can be instantly applied to every
wheel in the train.
560 Dillon, James, 28 Upper Bw^ingham Street, Dublin—
Inventor.
Railway break. The friction-slides are attached to the
support beams, which rest on the axles of the wheels by
means of six iron lifters, which are moveable on pivots,
but equally distant and equal in length, so as to lift the
wheels of the carriage one-third of an inch off the rail,
when brought into a vertical position, by means of the
guard turning a screw, which gives motion to the friction-
sUdes ; it would be made simpler if the lifters were fitted
to the axle of the wheels, and the friction-slides made
equal to the distance between the axle of the wheels.
561 CooLET, Jambs, Spalding — Inventor.
Model of self -ousting apparatus for making signals on
railways. The arrived of a train, or the removal of car-
riages ftOTd sidings on to or over the main line, is imme-
diately denoted by the action of the carriages themselves.
562 Pebrt, Henrt James, 3 Greenvoieh Boad,
Oreenieich — Inventor.
An atmospheric railway vacuum, obtained by ^tta
percha tubing, in connection with an engine. Can either
be worked by compression or exhaustion.
564 Tennamt, M. B., Trafalgar House, Brighton —
Inventor.
Brass models of five patent railway carriages linked
together, with auxiliary safety-wheels, and traverse bolts
and socket buffers.
The models are provided with apparatus showing that
railway trains may be prevented from going off the rails
either from the effects of collision or dangerous obstruc-
tions, and from the danger of delay or stoppage occasioned
by the slippery state of the rails, as in the case of Clay
Cross Tunnel.
1st. The auxiliary safeiy wheels are intended to be
applied to every fourth or fifth carriage, midway between
the front and hind-wheela ; they turn each on its own
axis or pivot, t'. «., without an axle arm ; they rise up and
fidl down, on passing over obstructions, to the extent of
10 Or 12 inches, enabling the train to surmount^ the
obstacles, hitherto so fatal, without verging off the rails;
they may be set to a greater or less height, and made to
drop down 10 or 12 inches below the level of the other
wheels when they are forced up by accident, always re-
taining possession of the rails, and to turn acute curves
with great speed and safety.
2nd. The bolt and socket buffers are placed trans-
versely instead of longitudinally ; they rise and fall
simultaneously on a bolt or pivot at each side of the
chain link, and are kept within each other by means of
spiral springs introduced into the necks, hiaving been
closely wound up by the shackle, which tends to prevent
oscillation of the carriages.
KraoDOM.] RAILWAY AND MARINE MECHANISM. 248
North Abkas A. B. 10 to 34 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; P. 1 to 32 ; G. H. 1 to 13, & 19 to 26.
3rd. To guard against delay or Btoppage of the train
occasioned by the slippery state of the rails in snowy or
bad weather, a leading oarriage precedes the engine, loaided
with sand, and has a seat for a look-out-man, who has the
command of a handle to let sand out on the rails when
required. The oarriage is pointed in front to out through
the air, and has a grated fender iu front to remove all
obstructions. As no great quantity of sand is at all times
required, heavy goods could be subetituted to give suffi-
cient gravity and tenacity of the wheels to the rails; and
as the seat for the look-out man would neoessaril) be
much exposed, glass shields could be formed.
In proof of the efficboy of the above plan, the models
have been tested on a circular railway 60 feet in circum-
ference, by a train which was propelled at the rate of
40 miles per hour, over obstructions adequate to 12 inches
in height, with unerring certainty, but which, without
the apparatus, would fly instantly off in a tangent ; and
it is to be remarked that as the safety wheels bear no part
of the weight of the carriages to which they are attached,
old wheels, on the score of economy, can be emplojred;
and on the other hand, the adoption of the principle
would not be attended with great expense, and railroad
travelling would be rendered comparatively safe on the
only transit now left open to the public.
Model showing the four processes of permanent flat
roofing, impervious to rain. This species of roofing has
been (ulopted at Queen's Boad Colonnade Hotel, near the
terminus at Brighton.
666 MOBRAT, W., 20 University Street, Bedford Square
— ^Manufacturer and Licensee.
Eccentriccouplingforrailwaycarriages. Loop coupling,
fortaJcing up "the slack" between two carriages without
recourse to the screw.
668 Clarkson, T. C, 111 Strand— TsaexAov.
Railway buffers.
570 SANDER80H, C, Baker Street, Beading — ^Inventor.
Instrument for setting out railway curves.
672 Stevens, J., St. Leonard Station, Edinburgh
— Inventor.
Railway signal.
674 Hehhinowat, A., ffalton, near Leeds, and
12 Denham Street, Vauxhall—Iaventot,
Model locomotive.
676 Cripps, W. Nobeib, 352 BellBamBoad, Birmingham
— Inventor.
Model locomotive tender and carriage for reducing the
danger of collision on railways, and for affording refuge
to the engine-driver and stoker. The novelty of the
invention consists in the construction of a carnage with
longitudinal tubular beams and rods, in lieu of the solid
timber or iron beams at present used, and in the arrange-
ment of elliptical springs, forming together a perfectly ex-
panding and collapsing carriage, capable of sustaining an
immense shock without receiving injury. Any descrip-
tion of body may be placed on the carriage ; and a portion
of the arrangement of springs is so designed as to be
capable of being adapted to the form of every carriage in
present use. It is considered that a train so fitted would
suffer but little injury fh>m shocks firom front or rear.
680 DouDS & Son, J?ofAerA<im— Manufacturers.
Model locomotive.
681
FouRNEas, William, St. James's Street, Leeds-
Inventor and Designer.
Alarum for locomotive engines, steam-packets, or other
useful purposes. The sound is produced by the action of
steam upan metallic reeds.
682 LocKTER, Joseph Hoolet, Leicester — Inventor.
Model of a patent self-acting railway signal, for loco-
motive engines, &c., to signal the arrival of a train at any
fixed spot, applicable for signalling trains in the rear, in
a rapid curve, or approaching a station.
686 Maobat, William, Soyal Artillery Barracks, Wooluiich
— Inventor.
Tnun of railway carriages, with break or luggage van;
containing self-aotmg collision-breaks, and other apparatus
oonneoted with the carriages, intended to prevent the
destruction of the carriages and injury to the passengers.
Design for connecting the various railway termini of
the metropolis, and affording suitable railway commuri-
oation to all metropolitan large towns.
A section of a street, with improved kerb, for keeping
the pavement clean; furnished also with a flre-annihilator
and life-preserver.
688 Snowden, William Francis, St. Thomas Street,
Weymouth, and Kin^s Cross, Qratfs-Inn Boad —
Inventor.
Working model of a new mode of assisting engines with
carriages up and down hills on railways; it requires no
alteraaon to be made on the engines, carriages, or rails
in common use, and is chiefly intended to save the expense
of deep cuttings, tunnels, &e.
Model of a new method of reducing the labour of horses,
with carriages going up and down mils on common roads
or streets.
Two models of mangles, showing a new application of a
roller attached to the centre of the frames of such
machines, and acting on the top of the mangle-box. Tlie
roller being made of galvanized iron, prevents rust; and
being heated by one or more heaters, or otherwise, it
improves the gloss and removes the damp of mangled
articles.
691 Pabset, a., 455 Oxford Street — Inventor and
Patentee.
Compressed air-f.ngine, for locomotive and stationary
purposes.
600 YouNO, Charles, & Co., Edinburgh — Inventors and
Manufacturers.
Simultaneous-acting level-crossing gates for railways,
for the prevention of accidents; consisting of four gates
or levers, all of which act together, on one being moved
by the gate-keeper.
These gates ore placed outside the building, at the
west end.
601 Barlow, Peter William, Blackheath — Inventor.
Model of oast-iron permanent way, as constructed on a
portion of the South Eastern Railway. Also, models of
sleepers for points and crossings for railways. " ne novelty
consists in casting the chairs upon a cast-iron plate, which
takes the place of a ' loden sleeper or a stene block.
The advantages ve the ordinary constructions are
stated to be, greau,. durability, and an increased num-
ber of chairs or points of supports, which, being planed
true as to line and level, afford the means of obtaining
greater accuracy in railroad construction.
602 Barlow, W. H., Derby — Inventor and Patentee.
Wrought-iron permanent way for railways. The rail is
made te form its own bearing-surface m the ballast,
without the aid of sleepers, chairs, &o. In use on the
Midland Railway.
609 Stevens & Son, Darlington Works, Southwark Bridge
iicMu/— -Manufacturers, Proprietors, and Patentees.
Model of railway junction semaphore signals. The
platform is raised from the ground from fotir to eight
feet, to afford the signal-man a good view of the line.
The two signal-posts represent the meeting lines of rail-
way. The arms and lamps are worked by the foot of
the signal-man, leaving his hands at full liberty to pull
U 2
244 Clabb 6.— machines FOR DIRECT USE, INCLUDING CARRIAGES, [Uhitbd
North Abkab A. B, 10 to 34 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; P. 1 to 32 ; G. H. I to 13, & 19 to 26.
orer the switches or shifting rails; on the remoTal of his
foot from the stirrup and hia hand from the switch lever,
the signals re-a4ju8t themselves, the arms standing out
at right angles, and the lamps "red," stopping both
lines.
Model of a double statitn signal, provided with an
arm and lamp working simultaneously on each side of the
Cb, to command both lines >>y moving either of the
d levers.
610 De Fontaine Horead, Peter A., 4 South Street,
Finabury — Importer and Proprietor.
Vidie's patent wiu^er, an apparatus intended to be
placed above carriages, from which metallic plates descend
into the carriages, indicating the name of the place or
station towards which they are proceeding, or are stopping.
On one side of the carriage an apparatus ia intended to be
placed, which can be put in action from the inside of the
carriage, and serves to give an order or warning to the
guard. At the time of starting all the metallic plates of
a train can be reversed by turning a crank arm for that
purpose; and the apparatus closes simultaneously with
the door of the carriage.
614 HoBT, James Ward, Renfrew, near Olasgom —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Patent system of permanent way for railways, com-
prising a length of 18 feet of single line, with double-
headed rails, cast-iron longitudinal sleepers, folding keys,
and cross ties. The following cut represents a cross
section of this permanent way.
CroM netion of lloby'a patent Peraunent Way,
A is the rail, and B the folding-key. The part C is
a cast-iron piece, with a stirrup, or recess, cast through
it, which holds the wrought-iron bearer, and receives in
the stirrup a wrought-iron cross-bar, D, set on edge, for
the purpose of securing the gauge and the tilt of the rails.
Two cast-iron longitudinal sleepers reversed, to show
the mode of securing the tie-bar.
Specimen of the folding keys applied to an ordinary
chau- nnd double-headed nul.
Specimen of a wrought-iron sleeper, with cast iron
folding keys, applied to a double-headed roil.
615 Qbeaves, H., ^Ordsall Terrace, Manchester —
Inventor.
Iron surface-packed railway sleepers, with rails; a sub-
stitute for wood-sleepers.
[The decay to which the timber substructure of rail-
ways is subject renders the substitution of some inde-
structible material advisable, even presuming the first
cost to be greater. — S. C]
616 Samdel, James, C. E., 3 Duke Street, Adelphx—
Inventor.
Patent cast-iron, timber-tiedded, wedge-trough perma-
nent way for railways.
Patent fish-chair, or improved joint-chair, applicable to
existing railways without removing the present sleepers;
and giving continuity to the raib.
[There are two kinds of rail -bearings, the chair bearings,
and continuous bearings for rails.
With chair bearings the rails are supported at fixed
points, from 3 feet to 4| feet apart, the rail bridging
near the intervals.
With continuous bearings the rails are laid or bedded
upon timbers, termed sleepers, which are in their turn
bedded upon the ground, or rather, upon that preparation
of the railroad for the permanent way, ballasting. The
connection between the rail and the sleeper is made so
that the two act together, and are borne in every part
alike by the ballast.
A transverse tie is required to keep the rails in gauge,
or immoveably at the same distance apart; as the conical
form given to the face of the tire of the bearing wheels of
railway carriages, to enable them to run upon curves
without dragging, induces a constant effort to force rails.
At low speeds, this tendency is not felt; but at high
speed, this derangement is very manifest. The sleeper
commonly used is of timber in the log, out into two
halves, so as to present its section uppermost, and its
roimd hard surface to the earth. The joint chair is
intended to secure the abutting ends of -Ve rails. — W, H.]
Patent improved "donkey-engine," for pumping water
into steam boilers, to be used in locomotives instead of
the present " feed-pumps."
Sectional model of patent double-cylinder "continuous
expansion" steam-engine, in which the steam is made to
exhaust from the first to the second cylinder, the cranks
being set at right angles.
618 DoNN, T., Windsor Bridge, near Manchester —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Apparatus for removing carriages from one line of rails
to another. The following out represents an end view of
a traversing machine, patented by the exhibitor, and is
shown in the act of removing a carriage from one line of
rai) i to another. The principal feature in the invention
is the rail or shelving at the lower edge of the machine.
In the engraving the carriages are mounted thereon by
easy inclined planes, A A, attached to the end of the
traverser, and working inwards and upwards at the same
time on spiral joints.
Uunn'i Patent TnTCning Machine.
Models, to scale, of traversing machine, being modifi-
cations of the same; with drawings.
Drawings of patent skeleton rail, or turn-table; of an
improved cliain-oable testing machine; of a hydraulic
Kingdom.] RAILWAY AND MARINE MECHANISM. 245
North Areas A. B. 10 to 34 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; P. 1 to 32 ; O. H. 1 to 13, & 1» to 26.
maohine, for forcing railway wheel* on and off their
azlei, with improved ref;ulating and revolving carriage;
and of a patent improved portable copying preas.
624 Obmebod, R., & Son, iS'^. Oeorgtfa Fmindry,
Manohester — Patentees and Manufiujturers.
Patent traversing maohine. The improvement oongista
in applying on oscillating fhtme, forming an inclined
plane, up which the carriage ie run, and which, when
brought to a horizontal position, can pass over the
rails. Its claim to superior efiSciency arises from its not
in any way interfering with the fixedness of the perma-
nent line of rails. Figs. 1 and 2 represent a side eleva-
tion and plan of this traversing machine.
Dunn's patent turn-table — the rails of the platform are
supported throughout their entire length by inclined
planes or wedges, which are brought into p«tion .vhen re-
quired, and render thet&ble perfectly rigid whilst a train
is passing over. Figs, 3, 4, and 5, represent a section
and plan of the patent turn-table.
Fig. 1.
Ormerod and Son's Intent Traversing Machine.
Fig. 3.
Fig.
Fig. 5.
Plan and Sections of Dunn'a Patent Turn-table.
The advantages claimed are, that the carriage to be
removed may be received, sustained during the traverse,
and discharged, by means of one and the same pair of
rails, laid continuously, or without break, on an oscillating
frame, and the carriage may be thereby transferred from
one line of roils to another, without disturbing the fixed-
ness of the permanent rails.
In figs. 1 and 2, a a ore the permanent rails of the line.
b b are the traverse rails, fixed at such a level as to
allow the flanches of the wheels (c c) of the truck to pass
over the permanent roils of the line.
d d and e e are the sides and ends or filming of the
truck, supported by six wheels (c c) rtmning upon the
traverse rails already described.
By the sides (_d d) of the truck is supported the axes
(/), upon the extremities of which axes ore secured the
two sides (g g) of the oscillating frame, h h are two
transverse pieces, connecting the ends of the two sides
(g g) of the oscillating frame together. To the sides
(g g) of the oscillating fiome ore attached the rails (i t)
upon which the carriage is supported during its removal
from one line of roils to another.
246 Olabs «.— machines FOR DIRECT USE, INCLUDING CARRIAGES, [Ukitkd
North Areah A. B, 10 to 34 ; 0. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 83 j F. 1 to 82 ; G. H. 1 to 13, & 19 to 26.
The raining or lowering of the OBcillating (htme,
togetlier with it* raila (i •'), ia effected by the wedges
(y i') aoting upon the tnuuvene oonneotiug pieoea (A A) ;
and through the medium of the levera (k and /) and
rods (n) eHher end of the rail* (i <) may ne depressed,
and mode to meet and rest upon the permanent rails
(a a) of the line.
On the carriage being received upon the rails ({ i) of
the oscillating frame, the osoillatuig ftiune must be
brought into the horizontal position bv means of the
wedges, and after the truck and its load are removed to
the desired line of rail, the carriage may then, b;^ the
same means, be allowed to descend upon those nuls in
either direction, as required.
In flgs. 3 & 4, a, (I, a is a section of rail on the main line
of way; 6, is the girder upon wliich the rail is fixed;
0, is a sliding beam, the top surface of which is planed,
BO that by the lever (/) and the wedge-shaped bearings
(d), this sliding beam may be raised in contact with the
under and planed side of the girders (6), whereby the
platform is made rigid. When the platform is required to
be turned, the sli(ling beam is lowered by the lever (/),
and the platform is left to turn upon the motion pulleys
(e e), two of which are shown in ng. 5.
628 CuBiTT, J., Ortat G«or/je iSVr««(— Producer.
Permanent wav of the Great Northern Railway, with
Bansomes' and May's patent chain, treenails, and wedges.
636 THORMKTCBorr, O. B., & Co., WolMrhan^toi^—
Inventors and Manufacturers.
Specimens of Briggs' patent compound railway axle.
Piece of the pile ft-om which the axle Is made.
Patent axle. Patent ohwrooal tire for railway wheels
and rails, showing the arrangement of the charcoal and
fibrous iron: the same after it has been subjected to the
action of acid, showing the physical construction of the
part upon which the fnotion more particularly bean.
The figures 1, 2, and 3 show the amngement of the
charcoal and fibrous iron in this metal.
Fig. 3.
Thorneycioft'i Fktent Axlei.
637 WoRSDEix, Oeoroe, & Coi, Warrington —
Mauufacturera.
Railway sole-forge, hammered, showing process of
manufacture; bent cold, and liaving borne a pressure of
84 tons.
_ Railway wheel -tire, forged and hammered: showing
process of manufiMsture. Patent railway axle-box.
638 Ebbw Vale Compant, 83 Vjyyer Thames Street,
London, and Abergavenny — Manufacturer.
Section of every description of railway bars used on
different railways,
639 PanERfWojAAMtSH Green Street, Wellington Street,
Btackfriars Road — Manufacturer.
Gut wheel-bands used for all kinds of machinery,
manufactured from the long or running gut of the sheep;
this band can be split into three in its entire length, and
worked as fine ns the finest cotton. It is used by watch-
makers and others for the drilling-bow.
640 Ramsomes & Mat, TpswtcA— Manufacturen.
Barlow and Heald's patent tnachines: — ^Railway turn-
table for turning engines or carriages.
Wild's railway switch or turn-out rail.
Barlow's iron sleeper, as in use on a portion of the
South Ekistem RaUway.
Permanent way of tho Great Northern Railway; with
chairs, treenails, and wedges, on the exhibitors' patent.
Registered water crane, for supplying the tenden of
locomotive engines with water.
Patent railway chairs, with patent compressed treenails
and wedges. .
Knosoil.] RAILWAY AND MARINE MECHANISM. 247
NoBTH Ariab a. B. 10 to 84 ; G. D. E. 1 to 10, St 10 to 33 ; F. 1 to 32 ; 0. H. 1 to 13, & 10 to 26.
Comprcfted wooden treenails and keyi, for railway
chain, and previoua to oompreMion.
Patent oompreiBed ahip treenails, in varioua itaRM.
Chilled cast-iron jpedestal, or axle bearing. Broken
pedestal, showing the depth to which the chilling has
penetrated.
641 CoALBBooK Dauc CSompamt, iSitropiAtrtf—
Manufiutturer.
Square, round, flat, half-round and oval, bar iron;
angle T and girder iron; sash bar and moulding iron;
tire Ir jiigine-floor, and foot-plate iron.
642 PABflOMa, Pebcetai. H., C.E., 6 Duke Street, Adelphi
— Patentee and Designer.
Patent switches adapted to the ordinary double T
rail.
Single patent switch, adapted to Barlow's patent broad
fluDgeraii.
Patent crossing for railways, adapted to the ordinary
double T rail.
Normanville's patent axle-box. The lower chamber
of the axle-box, which contains the journal and bearing,
is cant in one piece, and closed by means of an apparatus
fitted to it, for the purpose of excluding grit or dirt, and
preventing the waste of grease.
Patent machine for dressing mill-stones, with a mill-
stone to illustrate its action. With the aid of this ma-
chine, it is stated that a boy can dress a pair of stones in
less time and ¥nth greater ease than a millwright on the
old plan.
643 Baimv, WjujU'V, Birming\am—laytvo.U>r.
An improyed railway switch. The mode of forming the
tongue of this switch gives it stiffness and a broad base to
slide upon ; when dosed, it is looked under the main nUl,
and the point prtiTented from rising. The tongues clear
their own track, by driving the dirt under the main rail,
and not against it, aa in the old switch. The cost of
construction is less than in the ordinary mode of forming
the tongue, which prevents them shntting close, obviating
the necessity of personal attendance to keep them in
working order, and also the liability of accident if ne-
glected.
An improyed joint chair, the object of which is to sup-
port more firmly the joints of the rail.
An improyed intermediate chair. The two jaws of the
chairs are made exactly alike, and are oblique, instead of
opposite to each other. The choira are slipped on diago-
nally, and when brought to right angles support the tail
without any key or wedge.
644 REimABO, R.^W., Falkirk Iron Works, Scotland, and
67 Dji^per Thames Street, London — ManiifaMurer.
Specimens of various switches.
645 BiDDCUra, John, Cum Avon Works, Taibach,
South Wa/e»— Manufacturer.
One large flrnch roil, 63 feet long, 56 lbs. per yard.
One small flanoh rail, 4 lbs. per yard.
646 Bkbcboft, Bim.EB, & Co., KirkstaU Forge, Leeds,
and 8 Panoras Lane, Xondon— Manufacturers.
Specimens of railway wheels and axles, particularly
adapted for express ana fast trains, viz., entire wrought-
iron wheels, with solid wrought-iron bosses, forged in one
piece, with single and double spokes respectively.
Specimens of the same, with wrought-iron disc centres
and wrought-iron bosses; the tires of the latter being
dovetailed to the discs to supersede rivets and insure
greater safety.
Specimens of wrought-iron wheels, with wrought-iron
spokes, and cast-iron centres, for ordinary and other
trains.
All the above wheels have tires, combining hardnosa of
surface with touehness of texture, and double-faggoted
axles of improved Kirkstall mantifacture.
Specimens of tires and axles of above manufact ire, bent
cold, in a variety of forms, to show toughness and superior
quality.
Specimens of 28 different kinds of improvet patent
axletrees, for carriages, phaetons, omnibuses, cabs, drayti,
and other vehicles, manufactured upon the newest and
most approved principles, from best double-faggoted
Kirkstairi»«n. ^
A self-acting regulating damper for high-pressure
boilers.
A registered improved moveable eccentric tumbler,
for the valves of steam-engines.
647
DnwBNT Ibon Company, Shotley Bridge,
Netcoaitle — Manufacturer.
A rolled malleable iron-beam plate, used in the con-
struction of marine engines, 17 feet li inch long, 4 feet
6 inches broad, and 1 J Inch thick, weigning 1 ton 5 cwt.
A rolled malleable iron plate, used in the building of
iron ships, 20 feet long, 3 feet 6 inches broad, &-8ths of
an inch tUck.
A piece of rolled keel iron, used in building iron
ships.
A raUway bar, measuring 66 feet 9 inches in length,
88 lbs. to the yard, and weighing 17 cwt. 1 qr. 26 lbs.
A railway bar, 65 feet 9 inches long, 12 lbs. per
yard.
648 RiOHA'UMON, J., 9 Wabum Buildings, Tavistock
Square, St. Panoras — Designer.
Table of the weights of wrought iron in ounces and
decimals, from } of an inch square to six inches by three
inches, extending to 1,058 different sizes, advancing suc-
cessively by 1 -8w of an inch in each dimension of breadth
and thickness. Also the weights of round iron of all the
sizes usually manu&otured, to six inches diameter. And
the weight of hoop iron to six inches wide, advancing by
one-sixteenth in tnickness.
649 Mebset Iron Coup ant, Liverpool— Haaa&titnror.
Samplea of patent rolled iron.
650 Leadbbtteb, Jakeb O,, Gordon Street, Glasgow —
Inventor and Patentee,
Patent inventions: — Canal-lift, or hydro-pneumatic
elevator; a substitute for canal-locks. The some principle
applied to a ship-IilE't, a substitute for slip-docks and grid-
irons; and to a wreck-lift, for raising sunken ships.
Railway turn-table, or weighing-machine. Swivel-bridge
elevator, Fumooe-Uft. Crane. Tippling-machine. Air-
pump.
651 RioHABBSON, RoBEBT, 39 Moorgate Street—
Inventor and Patentee.
Patent "fish joint" for rails.
Wrought and cast iron " fishing pieces."
652 GoMPRBTZ, Lewis, Kennington Ora?— Inventor.
Railway trfdns constructed to prevent collision, by
means of a lever curved two ways, which acts on all the
wheels and projects beyond the carriage, which ia met by
a roller on the reverse side of the opposing carriage, so as
to turn the one out of the other's way.
Square carriage wheels, termed scapers, intended to
prevent the obstacles and friction of the road, and to
travel with great facility and diminution of labour.
Their object is to advance by steps as in walking, without
jolting t\e carriage.
654 Ci NNi TOHAM & CARTER, Addison Eood, Kensington,
u- !at Sydenham — Inventors and Patentees.
Model of an atmospheric railway on a new principle,
and models of carriages.
248 CfcAM 6.— MACHINES POR DIRECT USB, INCLUDINO CARRIA0E8, [Uhitid
North Arbah A. B. 10 to 34 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 10 to 33 ; F. 1 to 82 ; O. H. 1 to 18, k 10 to 26.
665 HAMiOW A YoVNO, PamdiM Street, RotherKitke —
luveutun and Patent«M.
Model of p«t«nt atinonpherio railway, with metal valve*
and diaoa.
656 JoNn,TBOMAa MoRvroN, SoiUhamptoitChanAen,
53 Chanoery Lane — Inventor.
Model of a railway train and breaks. The invention ia
intended to atop railway trains within a short diatanoe by
mean* of breaka fixed tu the curriageH, of auuh a form aa
to take the wheela oif the roila with oauo and aitfety. The
breaks are auooeaatvely brought into action with a rapidity
proportionate to the velocity of the train, bo aa to avoid
the dan,v^r of auddon Jerking. They only require the ap-
plication of a lover near the engine, to aut in motion a rod,
which paaaes underneath the carringoa and communicates
with the separate breaka. By moving the train backwards,
the wheels immediately become free of the breaka. A
aimple apring buffer ia aubatituted for those at preaent in
uae.
659 Crutwell 8c Co., Newiwrt — Inventora.
Model of permanent way for railroads.
660 Bovoux, Janu, 54 Thretidnecdle Street — Inventor
and Manufacturer.
Fbir of wheela placed under a truck, for facilitating the
draught of heavily -laden carriogea, especially on soft
grounds. Applicable to the wheela of railway carriages,
in certain oiroumatanoea.
661
Stanton, Robert, 73 Shoe /.«»«— Inventor and
Manufacturer.
Eleotro-magnetio engine.
Locomotive steam-engine.
662 LoMO, CuARUS Albert, t King St., Portman Square
— Inventor.
Railway aignal, worked by the agency of electricity; in-
tended to obviate the danger of one tnun overtaking ano-
ther. By the use of thia aignal, trains may always be kept
at a given distance apart : a train on passing the signal-post
causes a red board to be exposed in daytime, and a red
light at night, which signals remain until the train has pro-
ceeded a certain diatanoe in advance. The changing of the
aignal depending on the distance passed over, and not on
the time which may elapse after passing the post.
666 Banks & Chambers, Gemxan Street, JUanchetter —
Manufacturers.
Railway -carriage wheel, upon Banks' patented invention
for inserting steel segments in that part of the tire which
is most exposed to friction by running upon the rail.
Another, with part of one of the steel segments left
out, so as to show the shape of the dove-tailed groove in
the tire.
The improvement consists in turning a dove-taUed
flxtove in tne hollowed or worn part of the tire, and insert-
ing solid steel of a particular kind, instead of turning
away the surface of the tire to the level of the worn
part, or re-tiring the wheel. It is stated that the steel
segments do not cost half aa much as new iron tires, and
tluht the wheel wears tmce aa long by this method.
[The surface of the tire of a wheel running upon edge-
rails — and all railways of recent construction, for travel-
e
CARRIAGE
^
ling at least, are laid with edge-rails — beam upon a very
narrow breadth of the rail, whilat the whole of the
breadth of the rail ia amall compared with the requisite
breadth of the bearing-surface of the tire. As the
awerving of the wheel, and of its tire, ia in practice
very amall, that part of the tire which beara ui>on the
rail becomea worn and rendered concave, while the flange
and the remaining aurfitoe of the tire remain unworn. In
thia condition the wheel no longer runs freely and
smoothly over the rail, and it becomes necessary to put
it into the lathe, and then reduce the uneven part of
the tire to obtain a new and even face at the depth of
the concave groove, or to put a new tire on the wheel,
unless the groove can be filled in and the worn part bo
restored without subjecting the wheel to either of the two
prooeasea.— W. H.]
068 CoFLiNQ, J., jun., The Qrove, Haohwy — Inventor.
Railway aignal, fur instant communication between the
guai'ds, passengers, and engine-driver.
670 LiPSCoMBE, Frederick, 233 •Vtrarui— Inventor and
Manufaovnrer.
Contrivance for preventing vibration in railway wheels,
and making them run without noise.
Portable fountains, for drawing-room tables, cousorva-
toriea, &o.
672 Earwood & Frost, Morledge Iron Works, Derby —
Blanufocturen.
Rolle<l bar, f rming when bent a segment of a wheel ;
bar, forming the centre of a wheel, viz., the boss, arms, and
rim. Wheel-centre, complete, for carriages; and for
engines. The wheel ia made of wrou^ht-iron, fr>.Mi
rolled bars, so as to g^ve strength and lightness to tiiu
aruis and rim, and so secure uniformity of weight
turoughout.
674 Dicker, John, Clarence Terrace, 2 Bother field Street,
hUngtoH — Inventor.
Improved automatic apparatus for transferring mail
bags or parcels, on railways, at any speed, and capable
of receivmg and delivering them, from the weight of a
single letter to that of 70lbs.
This apparatus consists of a wooden frvaiM and net at-
tached, shown in plan A; and an iron post B, fixed in the
ground at the side of the railway in a direct line with
each other; and a corresponding apparatus affixed to the
side of the carriage C, viz., a projecting arm D, to support
and deliver the envelope E (with bag? or parcels enclosed),
into the net A, which is fitted with conveying guide-
lines F, to receive them. These lines are of great im-
portance, the acute angle being the part in which the
envelope is griped to detach it from the locks; it also
prevents the possibility of escaping. Q is a folding-net
attached to the side of carriage to receive the envelope
from the standard B. This apparatus has been long
employed with uniform success on the South Eastern
Railway. Fig. 1 is a ground plan, and Fig. 2 an eleva-
tion of thia apparatus.
Fig. 1.
RECeiVMO NET
^
DILIVCRr
(TMIDMia
Dicker's Automitic Appaiatiu for Mail Tnina.
KiNonoM.] RAILWAY AND MARINE MECHANISM. 249
NonTii AuKAB A. B. 10 to 34 ; (J. D. K. 1 to 10, & 10 to 33 ; P. 1 to 32 ; O. H. 1 to 13, & 10 to 26.
Vii.
Dicker's Automatic Appanttai for Mail Traini.
681 Tabor, J. A., Colchester — Inventor.
Improved application of the whistle to locomotive
steam-engineB. The advantages are said to be as fol-
lows;—
The steam cannot be turned on the engine without first
sounding the whistle.
The signal is uniformly given ot suitable intervals of
time and space, without the agency of the engine-driver.
It distinguishes an " up" from a " down" train, and
also branch from trunk lines.
The whistle is placed at the front, instead of the bock
of the engine, thereby throwing the sound farther upon
the line, and removing the vapour from the eyes of the
driver, and the noise from the driver and the pas-
sengers.
682 Jackson, P. R., Salford Rolling Mills, Manchester —
Manufacturer.
Locomotive and carri^e tires: manufactured by a pa-
tent process.
Spur-wheel, moulded by a patent machine, which
moulds wheels or pulleys of any size, form, or number of
cogs.
Registered stench-trap.
Model of the patent powerful hydraulic press, capable
ot lifting upwards of 3,000 tons. The cylinder is very
light and strong, and the press has been at work for
years.
684 Chabot, Charles, 9a Skinner Street, Snow Hill —
Improver.
Models of three railway carriages, exhibiting the follow-
ing improvements: — A rotary and self-acting break, by
means of which a train in motion can be stopped without
shock, and without wear and tear of the wheels or rails.
The breaking power is communicated to each carriage
in succession throughout the train. Locked buffers, by
means of which oscillation is diminished, and the con-
cussion occasioned by collision received upon the line of
bufifer-i-ods, instead of the carriivge frames, by which the
separation of the carriages and their llabilitv to be thrown
off the rails is prevented. An economical form ufspring,
applicable to the buffer and draw-rods, and other pur-
poses,
080 McKauoht, W., 20 Rohertion Street, Olaigmo—
Producer,
Montgomery's self-acting railway-break.
600 Hanolet, Wiluam, 20 Qreitt Earl Street, SevenDialt
— Inventor,
Patent break for railway trains, designed to obviate the
serious defects of the common railway break. The first
advantage it presents is an improvement as to the perma-
nent way, which is effect. ' by the use of the long shoe ;
this, by havinf< 18 inches of bearing surface upon the
roils, will slide over the soft or bad places hitherto made
worse by the application of the ordinary break, the wheels
having only about one inch of surface. The ends of the
rails will not be jumned up or flattened by the wheels
coming in contact with them, which is now the case, as
the wheels resting upon the shoe will in fact press suoh
irregularities down.
The second advantage U that, in the locomotive de-
partment, the wheel tires are always preserved perfectly
circular; and the shoe, by bearing up .he wheel when the
break is applied, prevents the flat p ices being fonued,
and also torsion upon the axles. The wheels, wnether of
wood or iron, ore saved from beiutr strained, and the
tires, rivets, bolts, &o. are not so liable to get loose, an
evil which is caused by their becoming heated. Th«
carriage frame is also saved from being racKed and twist-
ed, as the patent break is suspended upon the axle only.
This will cause a great saving in the repair of break car-
riages. By the adoption of this break, a power is gained
when applied to two wheels only, fully equal to the usual
breaks applied to six, a feature of no sligtkt importance in
cases of lumger. This power in retarding a train is also
olwavs the some, which is not the case with the common
break. The different weights with which the carriages
are loaded are continually altering the position of the
blocks, which varies the number of turns of the screw
necessary to applv the ordinary break; while in wet,
greasy weather, it u almost impossible to skid the wheels.
The patent break can be applied in less time, and with
two or three turns only of the screw, whereas six or seven
turns are reqmred with that hitherto in use. It is also
free from the usual unpleasant noise, smell, and sensation
from friction.
Lastly, considerable saving is effected, both in the
amount of stock required and in the wear and tear of
railway apparatus.
The necessity for the introduction of an improved
.'ailway break is universally admitted by all engineers and
p.-tustical men. The bi-eaks in common use are very in-
jurious, both with regard to the durability of the wheels
an(l rails. Timber blocks of poplar wood are made to
bear hard upon the peripheries of the wheels, so as to stop
their revolution. The result is the giinding of manv flat
places on the tire of the wheels and the abrasion of the
roih, occasioning {frequent renewal.
691 Chesshire, Edwin, £irmin</A<jm— Inventor.
Moriel, showing the principle of an invention for lessen-
ing t'ae danger of collisions on railwavs. This object is
proposed to be attamed by suspending in bearing sockets,
undor the centre of the firamework of every carriage of
the train, a strong iron rod or tube with an expanding
head at each end, to be called a " safety buffer," and
moving, when acted upon, in a longitudinal direction ; and
also by attaching at the hinder end of the train a strong
van with a low centre of gravity, for the purpose of
receiving the first shook of a collision, should it take
place from behind; the engine tender being made to
answer a similar purpose should the collision occur at the
front. The force of the shock will throw the "safety
buffers" into one continuous inflexible rod, by means of
which its force will be transmitted to the opposite end.
\ .
200 Clam 8.— MACHINES FOR DIBEOTUSE, INCLUDING 0ARRIAOE8, [Unitiu
NoMH Amai a. D. 10 to 84 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, ft 10 to 83 ; F. 1 to 32 ( 0. 11. 1 to 18, ft 10 to 26.
■o M fiO prot«ot th« intarmadkto oMrUftM. In the
of one timia ovarUklng Mother, the latter, it U ooooelved,
would be eompletely iirotected by thia tppMntua.
602 Hattit, D., 3 Cummittg Plaa*, PtntimiHt Ilill—
Inventor,
Models of • looomotlTe tender and owriage, on ft Male
of one inch to tho foot ; fitted with HArvey"* patent
Mifety nuwhiue, for railway carriage*, to dlaoonneot the
locomotive ttom the paMenMn' oarriagee in the event of
the former atarting off the Une of rail.
603 WAUUn, WuxiAM, iSMrftniHry— Inventor.
Railway break.
[The "break" ia to the railway train what the ahoe,
skid, or look is to an ordinary road-oarriage, a means of
ohaoking its speed, by pressure upon the wheels of some
of the carriages, so that they may revolve less ft-eely, and
thus destroy the momentum of the machine when it
ia deaired to stop it. The maater-break of a ttmln ia
lulled to the wheela of the tender, and ia worked by
the atoker, under the direction of the driver, whilat
the guarda act in aid only upon the oarriage-breaka aa
ocMudon ariaea.— W. H.]
604 OSAT, Gboioi, 43 Woodeock Strttt, BirmingKw
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Model of a four-wheeled railway carriage or guarda' van,
fitted with a new and improved "break," of great power
and inatantanoua aflbot; it forma a direct " communication
between the guard and driver," and acts on the raila onlv.
Amount of rail Motion obtained, 15 feet; ordinary breaka
have only four inehea : Ita oltject ia to elbot a great aavins
in wear and tear both to wheela and " permanent way,"
by rendering the " locUng or akidding" the wheels unne-
oeaaary, and to prevent tymiaiona, bv atopping the train at
oDo 1' ".ter of tna distance required at preaent. A lamp
in the centre lighta the interior of the van, and it can be
alao made, by moving a anacN to exhibit a signal to the
driver and guard to stop. The space under the guard's
aeat ia for doga, extra hunps, and toola, &o. Adapted to
run either first or last in a train, and nquires no " turn-
ing." The "blooka" of thia break are composed of
alternate plates of metal and blocks of wood placed the
cross way of the grain.
A six-wheeled model of a similar van and break; a por-
tion of the roof is removed, showing the internal arrange-
ments. The " blooka" of this breiJc an of one piece of
wood, "ahod" with metal platea. It haa rather leaa
friction than the former. SmIo of both— two inches to a
foot. Frovlalonally registeredj
607 Wilson, Chabub, Engine-driver on the Leeda and
Thiisk RaUway— Inventor.
Bmall locomotive engine.
698 Obeenwat, Chabub, Southport— Inventor.
Patent turn-table for railways, conaiating of a " cradle "
or frame divided into compartments, in which are placed
spheres or balls on which the table top resta, tho whole
revolving round a common centre.
Oneawmy't Vtmt Uailway Tun-tebla.
Patent anti-friction axle. The novelty conaiata in a
" cradle " or frn'^e, by which rollera are kept in their
proper poaition.
Patent castor, for furniture. The novelty consists in
the apindle being aurroundcd by friction rollers.
600 CoWPBR, EowARO ALraieo, ? Keminyiim Park JtoaJ,
Nottim nut — Inventor.
Detonating fog and accident signal for rallwnya. It con-
slats of a small flat tin box about two inohei in dianiuter,
with A iillp of lead soldered to it to faaten It to tlie mil.
It ia fliletl with gunpowder, and containa a match whivlt
takaa fire when cruaned.
700 Lmteb, THOMAa, C.E., 15 Ur« Place, Qlatgow—
Inventor.
Elevation of an outside cylinder imaaenger tank engine,
and flrst-olaaa carriage, fur tho Oliiagow, Pniiiley, ami
Oreenook RaUway. Among some of the ailvnntugeii nf
this engine are its lightness, lieing only about liitoiiN,
with its oomploiuuut of water; the fact of engine anil
tender being combined and jilooed on one frame; thu
extreme lowness of the centre of gravity, giving nn angle
of stability of 75° ; and its large heating aurfnoe. Thu ciir-
ilage ia conatmcted with great regard to the comfoH nf
paaaengera, and will hold about three times the nuiiilier
of the ordinary carriagea. The engine and oarriago con-
atructed at Oreenock by Robert Sinclair.
701 HATTBBiUtT, WiLUAN, 137 St. Qeorg^tStrtti,
St. Qeorye'» Ea»t — Inventor.
PrAaengera' aignal for railway and other carriages; for
reeJy communication with drivera, guarda, Ac. It con-
siata of a cylindrical tube or oaaing to be affixed to the
top of each carriage, or at the side in an elevated posi-
tion ; within the casing is placed a lamp which {» secured
bv a apring lock, and remaina hidden until, wUhing to
give the aimal, a bell-pull conveyed to each compartment
ui pulled, Uie apring lock ia withdrawn, the lamp Ih forced
up, and the abnal ia made. It iii equally available by
day and by night.
702 EujOTT, Thomas, (hum Street, Slookton-cn-Jhct —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Working model of a rotatory locomotive steam engine:
intended to save 35 per cent, m steam.
703 Jackson, John, 5 Victoria Qrove, Baytuate
Inventor.
Model of a railroad, with stationary engine for propel-
ling carriages by compressed air.
704 Obkkn, Wiluam, 28 fMeriok Street, Hampetead
Boad—Makm,
Model of a flrst-closa railway carriage, on an inch scale,
without trimming, showing the framing complete.
706 Stot, Huoh, 22 ilnn Street, Lambeth — Inventor.
Model of an invention intended to stop, almoat in-
atantly, the engines and carriages on railways. It ia
under the command of the stoker or guard; it acta on
the wheels of every carriage, and can be put in action or
relieved in a moment.
[Power in the hands of the stoker or of the guard of a
tndn, if acting with instant and certain efTeot upon the
wheels of every carriage of the train, to break the npeed
and bring the whole body to rest aa quickly as may be
consistent with safety, having regard to the speed to be
broken, u a deeideratimi. — W. H.]
706 Squibb, John, & Co., 5 Sarge Yard, City—
Manufacturers.
. Specimens of the following articles, all moniifacttwed
of Dewrance's patent metal : — Locomotive axle and con-
necting rod. Rooking shaft bearings. Locomotive slide
blocks. Bushes for levers. Carriage axle bearings.
Carriage axle bearings, and various other machinery
bearings, of Babbitt's patent metal.
Improved carriage ule-boxes.
Mrads' patent reciprocating gas-meter.
Model of direct-acting steiuu-engine, and sugar-mill
with latest improvcmonta.
[UNiTru
10 TO 20.
*»/•• It con-
I ill (liaiiiutsr,
it to the rail.
nutoh which
tjmk engine,
Pai«ley, ««<!
Ivnntiif^eft nf
out III toIlM,
engine nml
fnuiie; tho
iog an nnglu
1. The cur-
comfort of
the nunilxsr
Murioge cun-
t Street,
rriagos; fop
'■<>• It con-
Ixed to the
ivated po8i.
i in Meoured
wishing to
mpartment
np ia forced
vailablu by
■on-liet—
Mn pogioo:
'ater —
for propel-
mp$tead
inch acole.
t«.
enter.
Imost in-
». It ia
i acts on
Mition or
uard of a
upon the
he apeed <
may be
led to be
ractured
ind con-
ve elide
ohioery
»r-mill
KiNODOM.] RAILWAY AND MARINE MECHANISM. flRl
NoBTii Amai a. n. 10 TO 84 ; C. 1). E. 1 to 10, A It) to 83 ; F. 1 to 32 ; O. H. 1 to 13, ft 10 to 26.
Hainitle of jwleiit metal maohinerr for oottou weft.
CnuiK nhaft bearing!, of Babbitt ■ patent lined metal,
fur a aoo-hone engine.
707 TtDMAMOl, Rich., H Jamaica Rme, Bermmi1»iy—.
ManuAiaturer and part Proprietor.
Working model of Jamea Smith Torr'*p'e patent paa>
lengun' railway and Rteani-l>oat time nignal; a ilinple
liwtrument by which paanengera are Informed at one view
of the exant number of niiliutea that are to eUp«u before
the Htartlng of a train or iteain-boat; and which providea
a nio<le of notlftcation to pawkingera aa they are on their
way to the itatlon.
708 Mkllino, R., Jun., 6 Cuupland Street, Orten Hey*—
Manufacturer.
Model of a royal atate railway carriage, 1 4 Inch to the
foot (brood gauge), with promenade round tne outaide.
709 PiABOi, T. B., 93 Newmom Street, Oxford Street
— Inventor.
A railway rerolving fog aignal-light. A red or green
light ia produced by trigger* being atruok by a atop
placed at the aide of the tram-road.
710
Hot, Jorara, 0 Piokerittg Place, PaddMgti
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Railway aignal (for day and night); to Indicate "all
right," "caution," "danger" or " obatruotlon," or
"order to atop;" by one and tho aame movement, or
notion of a amatl lever. It can be elevated to any conve-
nient height. Tbia aignal li ahown In the annexed out.
TRirORM RAILWIUC AlOIIAt. KR DAV AHO HIOHI
Atl.^^BUiUT C^moti TO STOP
Huy'i Triform lUilmy Signal.
711 Allah, A., Cr«tM, CAfiAir*— Inventor.
Model of hydrostatic or floating turn-table, for turn-
ing engines and carriages on railways, fto., on the floating
prmoiple; made entinly of wrought iron.
Model of an improved crane, for lifting and moving
weights.
712 Watson, Thomas, 79 Prowst Street, City Road—
Inventor.
A day or night signal for railways, &o.
[The most perfect code of railway signals ia that which
la the moat simple ; one sign, either by day or nighv, must
tell the engine-driver what he has to do, without chance
of error; improvements in the machinery by which the
signs nro made, viz., by moveable discs, or arms, by day,
and different-coloured lamps by night, tend to seouro
certainty of action, and, theroforo, aro of great public im-
portance.— 8. C]
713 Wharton, Wm., Euston Station — Inventor,
Patent railway wheel. The body is principally of
wood, the chief features are the radial bolts and wedges,
to compensate for shrinkage. Model of the some, quarter
full sizo, with wood fuUooa : the tires con be put on cold
insteud of being shrunk on in the usual manner. Model
of the same, composed wholly of iron.
714 Hinitt, James, 22 VauxKallBow, Vauxhall—
Inventor.
Locomotive engine and tender, working model; scale,
inch and a half to the foot.
715 MAHmi, Richard Crrotopbir, Ail^forJ, Kent—
Inventor.
Patent eJtitr wheel for railway purposMi, having Ita
tire so aa'jurecl that, in the event of a breakage, no part
can leav4 the wheel, which would atill remain aerviue-
able. The tire has no holes through It, ia mode conical
on ita Inner diameter, and ia pressed tightly while in r
cold atate on the disc or body of the wheel, which U
made to receive It: it la Aimiabwd with an endless groove
on oaoh side, and ia secured to the body of the wheel b*
mo^uu of two flanchad retaining rings, which have thsu
flanches placed Into the grooves ^ the tUv, and ai«
bolted laterally through the end of each wedge, forming
the timber dhw or body. The iron boa* la made In two
fiarta, and constructed so aa to b« tightened In the event
of any ahrinkoge of the UuiIim'.
Manufactured bv Measrs. Fox, Henderson, & Co.,
London Works, Bmningham, and other railway wheel
manufluiturers.
16 Angus, Frahch John. 21 King Street, Bath Street,
' ity Boad—lnftnior.
Railway acoidenv detector, to give Instant notice when
the carriage Is going off the lln* from tho breaking of a
spring or axle, or tho oonneotlng-chaln; it can alsobe set
in motion W any person in or on tho carriage. It is
equally uaenil In buildings whoro valuable property is
kent, to detect anv tampering with look* or window*.
Model of a llfe-Soat.
726
Fadri, Thkodorr, a LiHIe Argyll Street,
Regent Street — Inventor.
New snow-sweeping engine, for clearing railway* and
roads fkx)m snow. Its power may be Inorvosud according
to tht) duty required, and the same engine umy be appliea
to railways and oonmion roads by onan^ug a pair of
wheel*.
728 Shaw, JoaiFH, & Co., 91 Paddooh, near HuiUenfield
— Inventors.
Patent signals and points or switches on ndlwaya.
732 Fairbairn, W., & Sons, JfancA««t«r— Inventors and
Manufacturers.
Locomotive tank engine, adapted for working with
economy light pasaenger traflio.
739 AsHBimr, — , Inventor.
Model of a railway truck.
750 Watts, Thomas, 3 Pelham i>/ace— Inventor.
Model of a girder suspension bridge for railwava, in-
tended to be suspended upon aerial supports at a distance
cf every 300 feet, proposed to establish a communication
by railway between England and France.
752 Barber-Beaumont, O. D., 7\eiokenham — Inventor.
Patent locomotive machinery; applicable to all opera-
tions of draught, as a steam-tug, or as a substitute for an
animal drawmg in the traces, on the road or at the
plough.
763 BuRSnx, George Henrt, 0 York Terrace, Queen't
Road, Homeey Road, Holloway—Imentor and
Manufacturor.
Improved pressuro gauge, of easy adjustment. The
graduated scale has, in addition to the two columns of
resistance usually engraved upon it for a high-pressuro
gauge, a third column, which ia the sum of the other
two.
754 OUNN, Joseph, 3 Ehenezer Terrace, Turner Street,
London Hospital — Inventor.
Machine to be propelled by hand-power.
756 Bowler, John, Birmingham — Inventor.
Model of a carriage to i-un on the rim of the wheels
instead of the axles: thero is no friction whatever on the
oixles. The wheels aro one inch in diameter; in one
252 Class 5.— MACHINES FOR DIRECT USE, INCLUDING CARRIAGES, [Uniied
NonTH AnEAs A. B. 10 to 34 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; F. 1 to 32 ; G, H. 1 to 13, & 19 to 26.
Kis
revolution of the wheel the carringe gets as far again as
the circumference of the wheel, and the propelling wheel
does not touch the roil. By this method the carriage
cannot slip on nu incline,
' 758 Drury, Francis, 20 Albert Tvrriico, liarn^ury
Road, Islington —Inventor imd Mnuufiicturer.
Model c' street church bell, invented, dt'Hignod, manu-
factured, and registered by the exhibitor. Tlic weight uf
the bell is 2 cwt., corresponding in strength of tone, to
the ordinary bell of 6 cwt., and in depth of tone to a bell
of 14 cwt. Forged fk>m one ingot of oast steel.
764 Morris, William, Priory Place, /)oiw— Inventor.
A working model of a machine for nscertoining and
recording the weight of goods. This machine ia repre-
sented in the annexed cut.
Horris's Weighing Macliinp.
765
SuouT, J., 35 Leith Walk, JSJinburijIi —
Manufacturer.
Model of Henderson's patent Derrick crane for moving
heavy weights.
766 CADiXL, H., Thorncybunk, IhiUxith — Inventor.
Weighing machine.
770 NicHOLL, William Lewis, & Co., 16 Aldcrsijatc St.
— Miuiufacturers.
Specimens of improved S(|uai%-en(l .scalo-beiuus.
Exchequer standard sciilos, weights, and measures;
and varis. IS improved scalrM and weights, includiug a
complete set of scales for baukera.
Improved lever weighing-macliincs. Dial weighing
machine. See the annexed cuts.
Improved Lever Weighing Miu'hinv. Dial Wuigliing Mwhine.
771 Olliffe, Charles Richard, Ramsgate — Inventor
and Proprietor.
Fraud-preventor, for indicating the number of people
admitted into a public vehicle, or exhibition room. Tlie
construction is contained in a small box, which can bq
made to any size, and to indicate any number up to
1 , 000, 000. The model exhibited will incUcate any number
up to 10,000.
772 Day & Millward, 1 18 Suffolk Street, Birmingham—
Manufacturers and Inventors.
Patent weighing mactiines. Platform weighing machine.
Inverted counter machines. >
Druggist's scale for counters. !
Specimens of fishing reels. | *
774r Davidson, Jonathan, & Co., Barony St., Editiburgh
— Inventors and Manufacturers.
A variety of steelyards or weighing machines of differ-
ent constructions, simple and accurate in performance;
easily turned when fully loaded.
The particular advtmtages claimed are compactness,
durability, and accuracy; the under levers, beams, sup-
poi-ts, &c,, are made of malleable iron, with welded steel
centres, the bearera are lined with welded steel, &c.
775
RiCHSiOND, John, Bow, Middlesex — Inventor and
Manufacturer.
Improved engine counter, applicable also to turnstiles
for bridges, &c. This machine is represented in the an-
nexed cut.
Description of the counter ; — The number of strokes
made by the engine can be read off at one view without
calculation. The leading or unit hand traverses the
entire circumference of the large dial, and the hands of
the three small dials, Nos. 2, 3, and 4, all revolve in the
same direction. The first motion is given by a sliding
bar and fixed spring, instead of a double pallet, so that
the first wheel cannot be thrown more than one tooth by
one stroke of the engine. No skip-wheels are employed,
and the hands are all moved by a train of wheels and
pinions, so that the motion is reguliu- and progressive.
It will be seen that the arrangement is very simple.
No. 1, or the large circle dial, contains 100 divisions,
and the large hand traverses one division at each beat or
stroke. No. 2 dial also contains 100 divisions, each one
of which is equivalent to one entire revolution of No. I
hand, thus registering 10,000 strokes. No. 3 dial is
divided in the same mimner, registering 100,000 strokes ;
and No. 4 dial is divided into 100 parts, registering
1,000,000 strokes. Thus any amount can be read oir
without error.
Richmand'8 Knginu Counter.
776 Craio, John, 51 C'oriurallis Street, Liverpool —
Designer and Manufacturer.
Portable wcigliiug niauhine, furnished with an enamelled
Hcale-plate to be used at pleasure (see fig. 1 ).
[Uniied
19 TO 26.
Kingdom.]
North Areas A.
RAILWAY AND MARINE MECHANISM. 253
B. 10 TO 34 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; F. 1 to 32 ; G. H. 1 to 13, & 19 to 26.
I'e— Inventor
»ber of people
n room. The
which can b-j
lumber up to
te any number
Birmitigham—
liing machine.
?<., Edinburgh
ines of difler-
performance;
compactness,
beams, siip.
welded steel
sel, &c.
entor and
o turnstiles
d in the an-
P of strokes
iew without
averses the
he hands of
volve in the
jy a sliding
Jlet, so that
ne tooth by
I employed,
wheels and
gressive.
■ simple.
i divisions,
*ch beat or
s, each one
n of No. I
' 3 dial is
)0 strokes ;
registering
e read oir
amelled
Fig. I.
Cotton, sack, or bale weigliing machine, on wheels
(see fig. 2).
heated air in the chimney, and prevent smoke. The damper
is worked by a small rod at the bock of the grate, and can
be regulated at pleasure. AVhen shut, it prevents all
down-blasts, and is serviceable when the chimney is on
fire. It can be removed when the chimney is to be
cleaned, and easily replaced.
A smoke-damper, to be applied to chimneys already
built.
777 Yates, William, Bromley, Middlesex- I.i-,ontor.
An indicator, for registering and detecting change of
speed in steam-engines or machinery.
778 QooDFELLOW, James, A James Street West, Devonport
— Inventor.
Gauge for showing the height of water in steam-boilers,
talc being used instead of gloss. No change of tempera-
ture will cause the talc to break.
Craig'a Weigliing Machines.
Library machine for weighing, also for measuring the
stature.
Chimney-arch and smoke-damper, to be applied in the
fii-st construction of chimneys. Its use in to allow the
cold air of the apartment to mingle regularly with the
i 779 Howe, George, 119 Gfiwi GtiiW/ordS*., Smtthwark—
I Inventor and Manufacturer.
Registered transparent water-gauge, for showing the
I exact level of the water in steam-boilers, consisting of a
glass tube fixed in the brass sockets, with vulcanized
India-rubber rings, to prevent it from being broken by
the expansion or contraction of the metal ; when the tube
is broken by accident, it can be tightly replaced in a few
minutes.
780 Medhurst, Thomas, 465 Oxford St. — Manufacturer.
Improved portable compound lever weighing machine.
782 DoNBAVAND, W., ^b 0 rent Ancoats Street, Manchester
— Manufacturer.
Bright steel box and scale-beam, mounted upon a brass
pillar.
784 PooLEY, Henry, Liverpnnl — Inventor and
Manufacturer.
Patent locomotive engine weighing tables, which give
the gross weight, and also the impact upon the rails of
each pair of wheels and of each wheel sepai-ately. Their
use is to enable the superintending engineer to adjust the
springs of engines so as to obtain the proper amount of
tractive power which is consistent with safety from ten-
dency to run off the line at curves.
Drawing, in plan and sections, showing the construction,
and mode of erecting the same.
Fijr. t.
l*ooluy n Lucdinotive lOngine WV iylitn^ Tiiltlps.
264 Glass 6.— MACHINES FOR DIBEOT USE, INOLUDINO CABRIAOES, [United
NobthArrab A. B. 10 TO 34; CD. E. 1 TO 10, & 19 TO 33; F. 1 TO 32; O. H. t to 13, & 19 to 26.
Pooley'i LoeomotlTe Kngina ncigning Tnuiei.
Drawing, in penpeotiTe, showing the construction of
the patent railway weigh-bridge. The rails being omitted,
this drawing will represent the weigh-btidge as used for
carts or waggons on common roads. Ilie adjustment is
concealed and cannot be tampered with. There is no
strain or wear except while weighing.
Fig. 1.— Elevation of office and weigh-bridge.
Fig. 2. — Shows :;he internal construction and arrange-
ment; the walls, platform, &c., bdng .emoved.
Pootoy't Weighing Machine.
Dravring in phm, elevation, and sections of a patent
lock weighing engine, for weighing canal boats and their
cargoes.
^ttent dormant platform weighing machine, flush with
the floor, to weigh from (lb to 2 tons, as used in the
merchandise department of the London and Korth
Western and other Railways, and for general weighing
in warehouses. The accuracy of the results by this
machine is equal to that of the beam and scales, whilst
the economy of labour, space, and cost, is at least 50 per
cent. It is only by such means that the heavy mer-
chandise traffic could be despatched with si^oient
rapidity.
Fig. 3. — The warehouse machine, as it is seen inside.
Haiohine of similar principle, on wheels, for use on
whaifii, &o., to weigh 1 ton.
Machine of similar principle, as used in parcel office
and shop), to weigh 8 cwt.
Machme of similar principle, for weighiii..' t.:j 'a!<>, as
used by agriculturists, made of various siees.
Machine for counter use, from ^ os, upwan^
Drawings, in plan and detail, of tUe first lai^- » Luih-
ment in ^igland, of baths and wash-houses for the poor,
erected by the Corporation of Liverpool, 1845-6. — ^^j%hi-
tect, Joseph FVanUin; Engineer, Henry Pooley, Assoc.
Inst. C. B.
[In the Whiteohapel baths there were 137,519 bathers
last year, two-thirds of whom were second class. The
charge for a second-class warm bath is 2d,, for a cold bath
Id. The washers during the last quarter, ending Decem-
ber, were 7,888.]
801 Amdebsom, Joseph, Elgin, Scotland— laveator and
Manufaotiu«r.
Victoria car, a two-wheeled vehicle, seated for four, and
convertible into a two-seated gig or oar by a single turn
of the key. Made with light springs, high wheels and
low seats, to t^void danger from accidents.
802 Andrews, Richard, Southampton — Manufacturer.
Light outside car, with imitation caning, on a new
principle. ^
803 Andrbv^b, J., 42 Great Bnmswick Strwt, Dublin —
Producer.
Irish oar.
804 Babeoomb, Geo. H,, (7AiitfeAur<(— Designer.
Model carriage, \rith four wheels. It indicates the
distance of ground l; travels over, and marks the same
minutely on a dial, placed so -^ to be always in view to
the driver ; it has spiral springs placed under the seat of
the driving-box; an elaKtio bar, so placed as to relieve the
feet from vibration ; four preventive wheels, in case of
accident; two arms provided with roller wheels, which
protect the vehicle fi^m collision, and a screw-break, by
which the driver acts upon the wheels, so as to ease the
vehicle down hill, or stop its further progress.
Model carriage, intended as a curricle, or single-horse
dog-cart, for two or four persons.
as
KiKosoH.] BAILWAT AND MARINE MECHANISM.
North Abbab A. B. 10 to 34 ; 0. D. E. 1 to 10, ft 19 to 33 ; F. 1 to 82 ; G. H. 1 to 18, 8t
as5
')T0 26.
Registered fqporting trap, for three penona, tandem or
single ; adapted either for traveUing, sporting, or trot-
ting. It has high wheels, shifting basket for dogs, and
a wire basket for game ; is light, and of new oonatruotion.
g05 Bishop, Jamcb, 343 Strtrnd—lanator.
Model of a publie oonveyanoe, in two compartments,
with improved aooonunodation, front and back. The
front is m the form of A'Ohariot, for six piuwengers ; the
back is for eight.
806 Buca, Hknbt, & Co., 1 Bemtn Street —
Manu&oturera.
A sphoroid-back brougham; its object is lightness of
appearance and draught, and additional interior space.
g07 PABSom, — , Iilington — Inventor.
Model of an omnibtis.
808
Model of a coach.
Cabui, O. — Inventor.
809 BooKKB, E., ft Sons, 13 Momt Street, Oroteenor Sq. —
Designers and Manufacturers.
Improved "sociable," forming an open or dose carriage
at pleasure. See the annexed figure.
p— ^^
Booker'i Improred SoeUble.
810 Wheatuet, J., Qreenviich — Inventor.
Model of an omnibus.
811 Bnoofl, Obow», & Co., 45 Wigmure Street,
Cavendiih iStgfuorw— Designers and Manufacturers.
Town -travelling chario*; and midl phaeton.
812 Bbown, M*biih41X, ft Co., Birmm^an—
Manufacturers.
Improved safety cab, moimted on Aitken's patent iron
suspension wheels.
New light cab phaeton, intended to combine the ele-
gance of uie single phaeton with the utility of the double;
similarly mounted.
Aitken's patent cart wheel, with part of axle.
813 Bbown, Owbn, & Co., Lichfield Street, Bvrminghmn
—Coach and Carriage Builders.
Park phaeton, of light construction.
814 Bbowni^ WnxuM, 39 Oraftm Street, Dublin—
Manufacturer.
Irish jaunting cars, common and improved.
815 CoATE« & Blizabo, Park £att«— Manufacturers.
A brougham.
816 Cook, Rowikt, & Co., Kin^ Street, Segent Street —
Manu&oturers.
Patent brougham, having the carriage fitted up with
inverted double C springs, and regiaterM transverse con-
nectors, ImndB, and braces. By the application of these
springs to light carriages, the unpleasant motion felt in
elliptic spring carriages is obviated, and the easy motion
of a perch carriage, with upper and under springs, ob-
tained.
Patent park phieton; the body is attached to the car-
riage by plated snake hoops, and the carriage fitted up
witii inverted double C springs. This phnton is repre-
sented in the following cut.
Models for public carriages. A cabriolet to carry five
persons in separate comparttuents, and an omnibus divided
mto compartments, by which the annoyances so fre-
quently complained of in the common vehicles will be
Srevented. The carriages are patented, the invention of
[onsieur J. A. Franklinski.
Cook, Rowley, k Compuiy'i PUent Faurk PhBton.
817 CoLLiNOE, Chables, & Co., 65 Bridge Road, Lambeth
— Designers and Manufacturers.
Patent axletrees. The right and left-handed screwed
nut linch-pin and cap at the end of the arm are intended
to prevent the wheel coming off.
818 CoRBEN & Sons, 30 & 31 Great Queen Street,
Lincoln's Inn — Manufacturers.
Registered carriage.
819 Crabd ft MuNRo, ^risM — Manufacturers.
A Cobutg conveyance.
820 Cousins, W., & Son, Oa/ortI— Inventors and
Manufacturers.
Light two-wheeled sporting carriage, adapted, by aeon-
cealMl propelling screw, to carry two or four persons.
824 Croaix, WnxiAM, jun., & Co., Greenaide Place,
Edinburgh — Designers and Builders.
Oriental demi-cabriolet. Hung on a new principle,
uniting great ease of motion with lightness of draught and
facility of access.
256 Clam 5.— MACHINES FOR DIRECT USE, INCLUDING CARRIAGES, [Uotted
NoBTH Abbas A. B. 10 to 84 ; 0. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; P. 1 to 32 ; G. H. 1 to 13, «t 19 to 26.
826 CB088XILL, Edmcnd, VcnuMl Wheel W irh,
Liverpool — Inventor.
Specimens of improved ^tent wlieel. The particular
features consist in the turmng of the s^ke with strong
double-shouldered ends, turning the rims, and boring
double-shouldered sockets in the felloes; the hoop-tire is
also bent, bevellcu, affixed, and turned by patent ma-
chinery. The cuts exhibit an elevation, side view, and
section of this wheel.
KI»v>tion orCroskiU'i Patirnt Wheel.
Side view.
Section of Globular Nave,
Liverpool town float, lorrie and coal cart; each com-
plete.
Specimen of a sporting cart, mounted on new patent
wheels and axles, ftc., by Messrs. Puckering and Houl-
gate, Beverley. (See also Class 9.)
828 Davies, David, 15 Wif/mnre Street, Cavendish Square
— Inventor and Manufacturer.
Full -sized light carriage, of new design, with dome roof,
patent wheel-plate look, and patent automatic moveable
steps.
Bastema brougham, with patent inverted springs, pa-
tent wheel-plate lock, and patentautomatic invisible steps.
Light summer carriage, specially adapted for hot
climates, with patent quadrangular umbrella to form a
canopy, &c.
Model of patent railway-carriage break, on a scale of
1^ inch to afoot.
New single wheel revolving carriage.
Model of accommodation carriage.
830 Dawson, F. W., 19 Fork Street, Korth Polygon, Hath
— Inventor and Manufacturer.
Wheel chair for the use of invaliils.
Pedomotive, or self-propelling carriage.
842 Drabble, Joseph, ft Co., 8 Pancras Zan«— Inventors
and Manufacturers.
Patent conical arms and axletrees for waggons and
carriages, with various improvements.
843 Fowler & Fry, Bristol — Inventors.
Low-bodied dog-cart, which, when fitted with luggage-
body, answers all the purposes of the oidinery dog-cart,
and is also adapted for park use; the lowneas of the body
and the height of the wheels render the draught easy.
See the following illustration.
Fowler 8c Fky't Low-bodied Dog-cart.
844 DnvFiELD, John E., ft Co., 114 Aldersgate Street—
Manufacturers.
Highly -finished light phaeton, for a pair ^f cob horses.
Set of double harness with plated furniture, adapted for
the same. Best quilted Somerset saddle and Weymouth
bridle.
845 FuLLEB, Oeoroe & Thomas, £a<A— Manufacturers.
Landau carriage, with improvements. The head is
made to open clear of the heads of the persons inside.
The front springs are elastic. The hind ones are divided,
and the number of plates being divided also, great
easiness of motion is produced.
846 Oeabt, Stephen, 19 Euston Place, Button Square—
Inventor.
Model of a patent street watering-cart, with fire-engine
combined.
848 Gibson, Thos., 8 Weaman Street, Birmingham—
Manufacturer.
Railway bearing-spring. R^nstered elliptic spring with
India-rubber bearings. Grasshopper spring with scroll
irons. Elliptic spring.
Patent mail and Collinge's axletree. Samples of coach
ironmongery.
[The application of India-rubber to obviate the un-
pleasant action arising from the friction of springs at
their two points of junction is here attempted. A square
block of the material alluded to being placed between the
springs, the three thicknesses are held together by a bolt,
sufficient play being allowed, and the whole is covered
with a brass box.
Springs of carriages of all kinds are hammered out of
steel bars, in the ordinary method employed to produca
steel goods. They are bent to suitable gauges, corre-
sponding to the degree of elasticity required, are hardened
by being plunged into water, and tempered by being
brought back to a straw, or blue, coloiur. Elliptic and
grasshopper are names given to the different varieties, and
are at once understood by the trade. — W. C. A.] \
849 Dart & Son, 12 Bedford Street, Covent Garden—
Manufacturers.
Lace for carriages.
856 Greville, J., 36 Mary Street, Z>ui/tn— Manufacturer.
Irish jaunting car.
858 Gribdale, John Edwin, 289 Strand— Inventor,
Workmg model of spring carriage wheel ; the springs
are enclosed in the nave of each wheel, and revolve with
them when in motion. Any shock caused by the uneven-
ness of the road, &c., is received on the springs alter-
nately, and thus the unpleasant motion which is produced
by the react) jn of the ordinary springs is prevented. The
axletrees fitted to these wheels ore less liable to break,
as the vibration is removed from them.
[Uhtted
1 19 TO 26.
eM of the body
draught eaay.
KiNODOM.j RAILWAY AND MARINE MECHANISM. 257
NoBTH Areas A. B. 10 to 34 ; C. B. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; F. 1 to 82 ; G. H. 1 to 18. & 19 to 26.
'sgate Street—
if cob horaeg.
9, adapted for
d Weymouth
mufaoturen.
The head is
rsona inside.
J are divided,
also, great
ton Square—
th fire-engine
ningham —
B spring with
with scroll
lies of coach
iate
f
I.
the un-
springs at
A square
between the
by a bolt,
ia covered
er
lered out of
to produca
iiges, corre-
re hardened
by being
Blliptio and
irieties, and
Oarden —
Qufacturer.
nventor.
he springs
volve with
le uneven-
'ings alter-
I produced
nted. The
) to break,
360 Hadlet, J., London Road, Worcester — Inventor
and Manufacturer,
Bastema clarence and brougham. Their wheels are
double-tired; the under tire keeps the wheel upright and
preserves the felloes when the outside tire is worn out.
The furniture ia made of Worcester china.
862 H^'»M*"», Aldbbbrt, & Haixmarke, hi Long Acre
— ^Inventors and Manufacturers.
Underspring step piece barouche. Xew Park phaeton,
designed by one of uie exhibitors. Drawings of a state
carriage. Demi-state carriage. State railway carriage, &c.
864 Habdino, W. & Co., 68 Long ilor«— Designers and
Manufacturers.
Specimens of carriage laces, linings, and carpets, show-
ing the progressive improvements in their manufacture;
also of tassels, bullions, fringes, and other upholstery
ornaments.
868 Heath, James, 4 Broad Street, Bath — Inventor and
Manufacturer.
Light open park wheel chair, designed to show the
adaptation of glass to the panels of Bath chairs, and
other vehicles, for omamenttu puiposes.
Bath Albert wheel chair, with folding head and shut-
up glass front.
Newly-invented reclining and elevating spinal bed
wheel chair, designed to enable invalids to take airings
without inconvenience.
Close clarence Bath chair.
Merlin invalid room chair, with wheels intended for
self-propulsion.
Four-wheel Bath park chair, with shifting shafts,
handle, and dashboards, for a small pony
872 Holmes, Herbert & Arthur, Derby —
Manufacturers.
Light park phaeton, having the upper part of the fore-
carriage and the requisite branch stays, &c., wrought in
one piece of iron-work.
Dog-cart, or sporting-buggy. Set of single buggy
harness.
A set of winter shoes for horses, fitted with screwed
cliisel-points and plain studs.
A series of modem carriage drawings.
874 Hoofer, Gboroe, 28 Hai/markct — Inventor, Designer,
and Manufacturer.
Brougham carriage, for one horse; of improved con-
Htruction and design, hung by leather braces on an under
carriage, with a double set of springs.
Barouche landau, with improvements.
Series of designs of new and improved forms of modem
carriages.
Working model of a brougham carriage; scale \in. to a
foot. (By W. Hooper, jun.)
880 HoRNE, WnxiAM, 93 Long ^Icw— Manufacturer.
A patent segmental brougham. From its peculiar
construction, it contains the same room as a chariot ; and
it may be made to accommodate three or four persons.
The di«tance Vmtween the wheels is greatly shortened by
the application of the eccentric double perch bolt lock in
the turning of the fore carriage. The inside is fitted up
wnth an ornamental couch or sofa back ; and the im-
provement in the opening of the doors facilitates the
ingress and egress.
A patent segmental chariot, exhibiting all the im-
provements of the patent brougham ; the peculiar ser-
pentine form of the front boot which sustains the coach-
man's seat, is a new feature in this description of carriage.
It is made sufficiently light for one horse; and it is very
easy of access, the body being low.
882 Huttlt, F., 10 Lainb's Conduit S^rcrf— Manufacturer.
Coach lace patterns, silk vellum, cut on terry lace,
drawn on terry, and relief, cut on terry.
Figured silk ground laco. Registered design.
884 Hdtton, John, & Sons, Summerhill, Dublin —
Coach Builders.
Clarence, with front circular lighta and concealed
quarter spring curtains.
Brougham, with excentric fore carriage.
Park phaeton on C and under springs, with liind seat
and head.
Car on a new construction, with sliding power and dog-
box, to answer either as car or dog-cart.
888 Jordan, William Heath, Cumberland Basin, Clifton,
near Bristol — Designer and Manufacttuvr.
Invalid three-wheel chairs, for one or two persons,
to be drawn by hand, with reclining apparatus for spinal
complaints, broken or injured limbs, &o.
892 Kent, Richard, Saffron Walden, £"«««— Designer
and Manufacturer.
Carriage with a low body, for easy ingress and egioxs,
and forming an invalid's pony chaise.
894
Kesterton, E., 80 Long itcro— Designer and
Manufacturer.
The "amempton" carriage. A close double-seated car
riage, of novel design; by a simple contrivance it can be
converted into a light, open, step-piece barouche, adapted
for summer and wmter.
KeHterton'a " Amempton " Curwge.
The engraving represents an improved registered car-
riage, capable of conversion into an open or close car-
riage, as may be required. Fig. 1 represents the carriage
closed, or what is termed the amempton; which can bo
readily converted into a step -piece barouche. Fig. 2 is
the connage thrown completely open and constructed as an
ordinary open carriage, with a half head, which it" raised
and lowered in the usual manner, with a solid folding
knee-flap.
The front portion of the amempton is formed, of a
framework with circular front glasses, and furnished with
doors; the door-glosses and front glass are made to rise
and fall at pleasure, aud are furnished with silk spring
curtains; the whole being surmounted or covered with a
roof. ITiis framework is secured to the head with a new
kind of fastening ; the door-glasses, when down, are received
into the lower part of the doors ; the bock instead of
being flat is of a curved i'orm.
[5.]
[Ot'FICIAL Illusthatki' Catai.oouu,
258 Ci-AM 6.— MACHINES FOR DIRECT USE, INCLUDINO CARRIAGES, [United
NouTH Areas A. B. 10 to 34 ; 0. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 j P. I to 32 ; O. H. 1 to 13, & 19 to 26,
895 Kinder & Whkkler, Qranbii Place, Leicester —
Designers and Inveutors.
An Albert phaeton, either for one or a pair of ponies,
with an improved fore-carriage,
896 Kings, W,, 101 Long Acre — Designer and Maker,
Cabriolet domestique. Its objects are commodiousness,
lightness of appearance, and draught. Both bodies being
exactly of the same shape and dimensions, the hood is
transferable to either in a few seconds.
898 Kinross, William, & Co,, Stirlinif, Scotland—
Manufacturers.
City omnibus, sufficiently commodious for carrying
nineteen passengers inside, with a large well on the roof,
fitted up with ornamental gloss and ventilators, so that
on all occasions there is abundant ventilation, and the
passengers, when going out and in, can walk upright. The
well also makes a comfortable seat for outside passengers.
It is constructed upon the lightest principle for draught
consistent with strangth, having double hind springs, so
that when it is lightly loaded the motion is easy, and
wlien heatrily loaded both springs come into action, which
cause it still to retain the same motion. It is adapted
for two or throe horses abreast, with equalizing bars, so
that each horse may have an equal proportion of the
draught,
902 Lewis, Charles B., 14 King Street, St. James's—
Inventor,
An invention to facilitate the ingress and egress of
omnibus passengers.
908 Marks, John Isaac, Langham Place, Cavendish Square
— Manufacturer.
Patent noiseless wheel, with Collinge's axle, revolving
on a model granite pavement. The wheel (in addition to
an iron tire) is shod with a solid band of vulcanized India-
rubber, said to be as durable as iron. Batb or invalid
chair, fitted with the patent noiseless wheels. R. W.
Thomson, C.E., Inventor and Patentee of the noiseless
wheels.
910 Mason, William Henrt, Kingsland Soad—
Inventor.
A pon^ carriage, of light and simple construction,
This carnage is represented in the cut below.
Muon's I'ony Curiige.
912 Mbnzies, Andrew, Glasgow — Proprietor.
Model of an omnibus, with three horses abreast, draw-
ing from equaliiiiug bars or levers, connected with the
splinter-bar, so that all must have equal draught.
913 Ra WORTH, B. P., Sheffield-
Carriage axles, &c.
-Manufacturers.
9 1 4-9 1 6 MiDDLETON, William & ( 'bari.e8,40 Long Acre
— Manufacturers and Inventors.
Improved convenable carriage, to be used either open
or closed.
Model of a fore-caiTiage, with registered centripetal
wheel-plate, for the pui-pose of bringing the liind and front
wheels of fom'-wheeled carriages closer together.
918
Mitchell, Rev. Oraham (LL.D.), Whilbum,
Linlith'jowshire — Inventor and Pi'oprietor.
Model of a safety caiTiage, with diagram. The carriage,
in any perilous circumstances, can be stopped from the
inside with facility and safety. (The design of this in-
vention described m 50 different languages).
919
MiTcma.L, Rev. William, A.M., WuoUcich —
Inventor.
Model of railway engine, carriages, &c., with pl.in to
preserve human life, and prevent serious accidents.
A bell is attached to the last can'Iiigo, and another
at the side of the engine-driver, by which, when danger
is apprehended, or when the axle is broken, and the
carriage on fire, by pulling a string attached to the
inside of each carriage, so an to communicate instantly
with the guard and engine-driver, the train can be
stopped in a few seconds. This invention is peculiarly
applicable to express trains.
922 MuLUNER, Francis, Northampton — ^Manufacturer
and port Inventor.
Pilentum, suspended on elliptic springs and patent
axletrees, with imitation cane-work on body, painted and
lined blue; constructed with on improved mode of lock-
ing the fore-carriage.
924
MuLLiifER, Henrt, Leamimjt^ Spa —
Manufacturer,
New four-wheeled carriage, or improved brougham.
The improved lesign and construction of the carriage-
front aiiords laore room inside either for two additional
passeugei-s, without the usvial heavy appearance of such
additions, or increased comfort as an ordinary single-
bodied carriage. Tlie novelty is the substance of the
registration ; being two distinct curves instead of only one
in the front part, and trimming inside at the back. Its
lightness (7 cwt.) and compactness of wheels, and conse-
quently reduced draught, render it suited for one horse.
A further improvement in this carriage is the principle of
communicating with the coachman; the voice-conductor
being entirely concealed, and the mouthpiece at each
side, instead of at the middle of the back as usual, and
suspended from the roof. The design is registered.
A series of drawings showing an improved system of
curricle-di'iving, and also of posting with a two-wheel
carriage.
Designs of vai'ious dog-carts, riding vehicles, &o.
926
Newuam, John, Market Harboroitgh, Leicestershire
— Manufacturer.
New pony carriage, with pole and shafts complete, nnd
hind seat removeable; constructed of iron.
KmoDOii.] RAILWAY AND MARINE MECHANISM. 259
NoBTH Abkab a. B. 10 to 34 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; P. 1 to 82 ; O. H. 1 to 13, & 19 to 26.
928 Nbwhham, Ben., 19 Broad Street, BatK—
Manufacturer.
Bath wheel ohair, to be drawn by hand or Bmall pony,
having a moveable glaas front and solid knee-flap for bad
weather, together with the hood and the summer apron
attached. A ventilator is fixed in the hood.
932 XuiUE & Co., 43 Crawford Street, and 200 Regent St.
— Inventors and Manufacturers.
Curricle and cabriolet brougham, to be used with shafts
and one horse, or with a pole and curricle appointments
and two horses.
934 OnoKDf'RowEKi, 19 Wellt Street, Oxford Street —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Four-wheol carriage for horses.
New carriage: the " semicircular clarence."
936 PATBBNOflTHi, T., 13 Chdrlotte Street, Fitzroy Square
— ^Designer and Manufacturer.
Lace, in thread, worsted, and silk, for carriage deco-
lion.
. Fetebs & Sons, Fnrh < ■■ ' / rosvenor Square —
Manufaotu.drs.
A light step-piece shaped park barouche, with lee and
under springs.
940 QOAN & Sons, 10 Talbot Street, Dublin^
ManufEMsturers.
Improved Irish jaunting oars.
946 Habvev, Joseph, 41 Bridge Scad, Lambeth —
Designer and Patentee.
The Richmond car, a patent two-wheel open carriage,
suitable for ladies: being hung low, it is very easy of
access, and remarkably safe. The seats are spacious,
and capable of accommodating four or six persons. The
wheels, which revolve under the body instead of the
outside, effectually prevent any mud or dust being
thrown up. It also has capacious boxes for baggage, &c.
May be fitted with a pole, for a pair of horses.
947 RiOBr & Lee, 7 Park Lane, Piccadilly —
Manufacturers.
■ Private carriage — brougham — adapted for one or for
a pair of horses.
950 Robinson k Co., 12 Mount Street, Orosvemr Square —
Designers, Inventors, and Manufacturers.
Britannia phaeton of new design, with registered look
or wheel-plate in the front part of the carriage, which
enables a single horse or a pair to be brought near tc the
driver, or dashing leather, giving the advantage of a high
front, bringing the wheels nearer to each other, and
allowinjr any description of carriage to be kept at any ele-
vation from the ground.
952 Rock, James, jun., JIa»ting», Sustex — Inventor and
Manufacturer.
Patent carriage spring of two plates, weighing 11 lbs.
8 oz., and possessing greater strength and elasticity than
an ordinary laminated spring of five plates.
Common carriage spnog of five plates, weighing 21 lbs.
Imjproved spring on the same principle as the former,
but with only one plate, and weighing 7 lbs. 4 oz. ; equal in
strength and elasticity to a common spring of three plates.
Spring of three plates of the ordinary kind, weighing
14 lbs. 6oz.
These springs i>laced on a testmg machine, for com-
paring the new springs with those of the old construction.
954 Rock & Oowab, ^(utinf^s— Manufacturers.
Patent omnibus for the convevance of passengers, con-
structed with the upright part of the framework so placed
as to apportion to each passenger his proper share of
space on the seat, namelv, 1 6 inches. The window frames
are made to slide in such a manner as to give considerable
additional internal width to the body, without increasing
the external dimensions. The front and hind ends are
circular, and the door ia made to open both ways, so as
to enable passengers to get upon the step from either
side of the road with safety.
956 Rock & Son, Haatinga — Inventors, Designers, and
Manufacturers.
Patent dioropha, or two-headed carriage, combining, in
one, a clarence, or pilentum coach, complete with all its
appointments ; a barouche, with folding head, and threefold
knee-flap; and an open carriage. The heads can be re-
moved or exchanged, with facility, by means of a pulley
attached to the ceiling of the coachhouse, aided by a
counterpoise weight. The folding steps are on a new
principle. The sUk of the lining was supplied by Messrs.
Draper of High Holbom; the lace by Messrs. Cooper and
Blackford of Lonjf Acre j and the axles by Mr. Thrupp,
proprietor of Colhnge's patent. The whole of the carriage
and its appointments (except the silk) are from the de-
signs of James Rock, jun.
Patent pony carriage on improved principles, con-
structed with single-leaf springs. These springs, which
are seven in number, weigh only 12} lbs. ; they have been
proved with 4 cwt., without taking any "set or perma-
nent deflection. They are shown on a testing-machine.
Rock and Son's Patent Dioraplia.
X 2
260 Class 6.— MACHINE8 FOR DIRECT USE, INCLUDING CARRIAGES, [United
North Areas A. B. 10 to 84 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 10 to 33 ; F. 1 to 32 ; O. H. 1 to 13, & 19 to 26.
by means of which they may be compared with apringa of
the ordinary kind.
The illnatration repreoenta the carriage described
above, with the olarenoe-head auapendrd over it, ready to
be lowered when wanted. The biwouohe-head and fittings
for summer use, are shown by dotted lines. These ore
removed when the clarence-head is put on. The third
form of the carriage (without either nead) is shown,
958 Saundem, Cbabus, New Tcard, Qrtat Qtiem Street —
Inventor.
Newly-designed park brougham with circular front
glasses, and round back ; also an elegant double sofa
aok, with fluted roof, and self-acting ventilators, in
glass frames. It has a detached driving boot, con-
nected to side cranes that pass under the body, connecting
the hind azletree, and (Uspensing with perch duringe,
this being much tighter. By this mode, the body has
the ease and motion of a chariot. Being hung with long
braces, it destroys all the drumming noise which is too
frequently heard in close carriages. It has also got the
odubitor's newly invented double lever wheelplate, lock-
ing on two centres to shorten the carriage as much as
may be required. This carriage is exhibited as com-
bining lightness and cheapness with elegance.
960 Sawyer, Willard, St. James's Street, Dover —
Inventor anu Manufacturer.
A velocipede.
962 Shanks, Rob. H., 4 Oreat Queen Street—
Manufacturers.
Step-piece landau, on elliptic springs.
964 Shillibeeb, Georoe, 1 Commercial Place, City Scad
— Inventor, Patentee, and Manufacturer.
A patent Aineral carriage, expanding and contracting
at pleasure.
965 CI.ARKE & Williams, 447 West Strand— Inventors.
Spring propeller.
966 Shilton, Thomas, Baddesley Ensor, near Atherstone
— Inventor and Manufacturer.
A carriage-wheel, with spoke of improved construction,
intended to give greater elasticity and strength to the
parts. The samu construction may be applied to agri-
cultural purposes.
968 SiUK k Brown, 8 Long .icre— Designers and
Manufacturers.
Barouche hung upon improved horizontal springs.
Carriage, hung upon a swan-neck perch and C, and
under springs. ^______________
970 Hill & Stone, 21 Little Moorfields — Inventors.
A park phaeton, with head to put up or down by the
sitters, at pleasure.
971 Shcff, Willi Ml, 1 Dover Street, Islington —
Inventor and Manufactiurer.
Public and private carriage retarder.
972 Smith, 0. H., Pimlioo Wheel Works, Upper Belgrave
Place — Proprietor.
Wheels for gun carriages, railways (wood), agricultural
machines, Scotch carts, dog carts, brewers drays, safety
cabs, trotting carts, broughams, and carriers' vans, made
and put together by machinery.
976 Swain, Thomas, 15 Charles Street, Hackney Road
— ^Designer.
A card-board model for a church, painted in oil ; the
same for a mail ooaoh pulling up to unskid, with country
scenery. _^_____________
978 Thomson, G., Stirling, Scotland— Maauhctwer,
Four-seated gig, not liable to (mty. By shutting up
the hind foot-bMod, the vehicle is altered in the balancing,
and adapted for the use of two persons only.
979 Thorn, W. ft P., 10 John Street, Oxford Street—
Inventors and Manufacturers.
Brougham, with toquimotive springs, self-acting invi-
sible step, and a new system of ventilation.
982 Thrupp, Charles Joseph, 260 Oxford Street—
Designer and Manufacturer.
Four-wheeled carriage, a landaulet brougham, of a new
shape. Two-wheeled carriage, the shamrock cor.
984 TiLBURT, John, 35 QlouceHer Place, New Boad
— Manufaoijurer.
Light sporting phroton, with patent noiseless wheels,
pole, splinter-bar, and shafts.
988 Vezet, R. & E., Long Acre, Path — Inventors
and Manufacturers.
Newly-designed sovereign sociable, with the exhibitors'
springs and ules, having India-rubber bearings of new
construction, registered 12th March 1851.
The advantages of the improved elliptic carriage spring,
with registered hoop or cap, ore — Ist. That the cap gives
greater elasticity to the spring, and imparts to it an easy
and quiet motion. 2nd. The concussion, or jar, com-
municated to the spring by the rotation of the wheels
upon the road, is received by the blocks of elastic
material, which, acting as a non-conductor, prevent any
vibration beirg given to the upper half of the spring to
which the upper beds and body of the carriage are at-
tached, thus producing a soft, easy, and pleasant motion,
and releasing the body from the disagreeable noise and
vibration caused by the action of the old elliptic spring.
One of the new springs is exhibited as a teating machine.
989 Wauurs, Georoe, James, & Henrt Gilder,
16 White Lion Street, Norton Folgate — Inventor
and ManufiEicturers.
Registered single brougham carriage; with additional
front, to form double brougham at pleasure.
Improvement in lamp-irons, in order to throw light
inside the carriage.
Prepared caoutchouc round-robins to hind springs.
990 Ward, J., 41 Parit Street, Exeter — Manufacturer.
A cab park-phaeton, on springs, with leather robins
and axles on Collinge's principle, having a platform behind
so constructed that a seat is formed which can be raised
if required, and arranged so as to sit forward, or the
contr^ ; when as a platform, it is an opera-board to turn
up. Tna platform seat is applicable to any carriage.
991 Watts, Charles, Parkhurtt, Isle of Wight —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Velocipede, consisting of three wheels.
992 WiLLonoHBT, Solomon, J<An Street, Oxford
Street — Inventor and Manufoctiuvr.
Coinage by which invalids with fractured limbs, or
severely afilicted, may be removed from their beds with-
out change of position or fatigue.
Willoughby'a Invalid Curriige.
th additional
Kingdom.]
North Arbab A.
RAILWAY AND MARINE MECHANISM. 261
n. 10 TO 34 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 10 to 33 ; F. 1 to 32 j O. H. 1 to 13, Si 19 to 26.
003 FuLUAHES & Co., 4 Broumlow Mem, Qray'i Inn Road
— Manufaoturen.
A carriage jack.
095 WiLiON, Jacob, 26 Portland Street, WalvooriK—
Designer.
Improved velocipede, oonatruoted principally of iron,
adapted for exercise or amusement.
906 WrauRN, Meller, k. Tdrnkb, 121 Long Acre —
Manufacturers.
Dresa chariot.
997 Ward, John, 5 Leicester Square — Designer and
Manufacturer.
Four-wheel pleasure-ground Victoriaohair, in framed car-
riage, upon C elliptic, and body springs, with patent vul-
canized India-rubber tires ; to oe drawn by hand or pony.
The choir is lined with blue figured satin, designed and
woven by Messrs. Draper of Holbom.
Improved recumbent chair for invalids, spring stuffed,
covered with Utrecht velvet, moimted on orass wheels,
tind adapted for a bed or couch; with shifting elbows, for
the convenience of the patient; double action leg-rest,
reading-desk, sconces, &o.
Spanish mahogany portable folding-chair, adapted for
invalids, and eunily drawn; covered In scarlet morocco;
mounted on patent noiseless wheels, engine-out oon,
silver handles, shifting foot-rest, cylindrical guide*
wheel, &o,
998 Dunn, J., Sainton Colliery, near Durham —
Inventor.
A new ndlway for reversing locomotive engbea, &o.
instead of a turn-table.
The utility of this reversing railway is stated to be to
give quick despatch to the engines and trains, 't being
unnecessary to disengage them, as is the case when turn-
tables are employed. Another convenience is, that thera
are no facing switches in the up or down lines.
999 Durham, Earl oi, Lambton Caetle, Durham,
Improved coal drop, for loading ships, extensively used
in the exhibitor's mines, collieries, &o.
1000 ToMSTALL & Williams, £ath — Inventor.
Self-acting invalid chair, enabling the invalid to alter
the recumbent posture with facility.
MANUFACTURING MACHINES AND TOOLS.
INTRODUCTION.
The proceiling Class illustrates tho development of maiuifacturinK power ; the present is intended to represent
its applicntions to the purixises of niaiiurtioture. The machinery included in this Class has this distinj^uishing
feature, that it is the re[)rcscntativo of nuiu himself engaged in industrial pro<Uiction. Many of the machines to
which attention will be drawn in tiiis jmrt of tho Catalogue are so constructed as to fidfil functions which were
accomplished formerly only by direct human labour. And, what is alstJ highly deserving of notice, the perfec-
tion ot their execution and the certainty of tl .>ir oiteration exceed that attainable in most instances by the highest
exercise of human skill. Tho jtrotluctive jwwer of such machines, capable of l)eing driven at a high velocity,
and of an almost iudefinito multiplication of individual prcnlucing i (arts, is limited only by tho means of tho
manufacturer. As tho machiiu'S in Classes 5 and (1 are intimately related to each other, so as to render the per-
fectiou of the one necessary to that of the other, it is deserving of notice that both in the i>roduction of admirably-
contrived i)rimo movers, and in that of manufacturing machines, tho mecliauists of this country have mado
astonishing pro'^ress during tho last half-century.
The tJlass includes manufacturing machines and tools employed in the manufacture — A., of Spun, Woven,
Felted, or liai<l Fabrics ; H. in tho manufactiiro of Metals ; C. in that of Mineral Substances, together with
Mining Machinery ; 1). in tho manufacture of Vegetable Substances ; and K. of Mineral Substances. It also
Loniprisos F. Machinery and Apparatus for Hrewing, Distilling, and manufacturing Chemistry.
Tlie iwsitiou in the Building of the machines and systems of machinery, included in this Class, is at its north-
western extremity and side. It is approached either from the western end of the Nave, at its proiwr commence-
ment in tile room chielly occupied by cotton-spinning machinery, or It may be reached from other jiortions of
the Nave by penetrating through the Areas on its nortjiern side. The Class commences at Areas C. D. and E. 1,
and extends through the same to 10. This part of tlie Building is partitioned from the rest, partly with a view
of obtaining tho reipiisite degree of temiieraturo for cotton-spinning, partly to exclude the noise, and also
tlie liglit dust which alwaj'S tills the atnio8])here of rooms in which this process is carried on, and which is
destructive to objects in other dejiartments of tho Exhibition. Entering another part of tho Building at A. B.
C 10, machines in this Class will be found extending to Areas 30 of those letters. And in D. E. F. from 19 to
!i7, they are also met with.
The recorded iiistory of cotton-spinning, and its connexion with that of our country, have been rendered
familiar to every i)erson ; but the interesting illustrations of the progress and ixirfcction of this department in
manufacturing industry, presented in this Class, convey a lesson more forcible and jiermanent of its kind. A
complete series of machines is exhibited in one room, by virtue of the operation of which the niw cotton is
o|X!ned, c.inled, doubled, spun, warj^d, and woven. At one extremity of the space occupied. eott<"i from tho
bags is made to enter the preparatory machine, while at the other it emerges comiiletely fabricated and fit for
use. Various parts of these machines are likewise shown. The Ix-autiful automaton card-setting engine for
making cards for the cotton-carding machines in also in motion, producing those ingenious ribbons of iron-wire
brush. The whole of the cotton-8[)inning machinery exhibited comliines the latest imjirovements, and demon-
strates that jierfection of workmanship which is capable of uniting in a manufacturing machine facility of
motion, compactness and elegance of arrangement, precision of action, and jwwer and siwed of production.
A nnnil)er of looms of ditlerent kinds are likewise among the imiwrtant objects of this Class. The Jacquard
liwm, with its hundreds of cjvrds and complicated harness, for the prodiiction of the patterns of woven goods, and
the ordinary i)Ower-lo<)m occupied in manufacturing the commonest sort of calico, are alike shown. Factories
exist in this country in a single floor of which many hundreds of these looms are in contimious action, imiMiUed
by steam-engines of vast kI/.o and iiower. An old loom, of fifty years' date, fonns an instructive contrast to the
smaller but more ['.owortui and prmhictive engine by its side.
The maimfftcture of flax is represented by various powerful machines in oiwration. Several recent improve-
ments are exhibited in these machines, ami their jproduct is [)resented to examination and investigation. The
difference of fibre l)etween thix and cotton necessitalos the adoption of a somewhat modified system of manu-
fiicturing machiiu's : these are shown in motion. Silk throwing and winding are illustrated by the elegant
machines s|)ecially fitted to that jiurinise. TIk; pHMluotion of lace, bobbin-net, &c., by the wonderful mechanical
arrangements contrived for that purjiose, is also rcprescnled, together with the machine employed in the cnrlouB
pixxx'ss of " gassing," or singeing off by gas-flames, the loose fibres of lace, &c., without injury to the fabric.
I to represent
listinmishiug
3 machines tu
8 which were
e, the perft'c-
ly tlie liij,'he8t
ligh velocity,
means of tlio
nder tiio per-
)f admirably-
/ have made
mn, Woven,
)^'cther with
CCS. It also
at its north-
r commence-
r i)ortion8 of
D.nnd E. 1,
with a view
so, and also
mi which is
ing at A, B.
. from IS) to
m rendered
partment in
ts kind. A
w cotton is
^•; from tho
I and fit for
! engine for
of iron-wire
Hid demon-
I facility of
3tion.
le Jacqiiard
gootls, and
Factories
n, imiMilled
trast to the
it improve-
tion. The
1 of manu-
he elegant
mechanical
the cnrious
; fabric.
if
V-
? '-J
H I!
o a.
e. ^
a ■£
u
a
B
I
u
e
S ^
V.
6
1
il I
e s
a*:
M a
to -J
^1
g
S
3
Glil
tul
Ml
United Kingdom,] Class 6.— MANUFACTURING MACHINES AND TOOLS. 263
North Areas A. B. 10 to 31 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, and 19 to 33 ; G. H. 25, 26.
Paper-making machines are illustrated by models; but several large printing machines are exhibited in
operation. Several varieties of these are found : the " ilat" machine, the horizontal cylinder machine, and the
recently-invented vertical machine, capable of performing a very large amount of work in a short space of time.
An envelope-folder, and other apparatus connected with paper and printing, are also found among the machi-
nery in this Class.
Many powerful machines employed in motal manufactures are met with. The drilling, punching, and
clipping engines, together with the slotting, chasing, and planing machines, and the large ]X)wer-lathe8 for
turning heavy castings, borings, &c., are extremely interesting, although essentially consisting of simple parts.
Mills for various puqwses, mineral and vegetable, presses, aerating, and a variety of other machines included in
the Class, are represented in various parts of the Building appropriated to it. — B. E.
'>^.
1 HiBBERT, Platt, & SoNS, Hartford Works, Oldham,
Inventors and Manufacturers.
An improved patent opening and cotton-cleaning ma-
chine. This machine differs from others used for the
same purpose, inasmuch as all fibre cleaned in it is
passed between cylinders so constructed that all motes,
seeds, &c. &c., are thrown down beneath it, making the
operation of cleaning simple and cheap. The diametei's
of the cylinders of this machine are 9 and 12 inches, and
the width 36 inches, mokuig about 500 revolutions per
minute, they consequently require less power than is ne-
cessary to drive the machines constructed upon the old
principle. The power required for cleaning 3,000 lbs.
per day, is from 1 to 1^ horse, according to the state of
the material.
[Cotton or cotton-wool is the hairy covering of the
seeds of several species of Goaaypium growing in South
America, India, Egypt, &c. It is separated from the
seeds by a machine called a cotton-gin, then packed with
strong pressure in bogs, in which state it is received in
this country.
The cotton is cleaned in a willowing machine, or in a
batting, or scutching and blowing machine. The willow
consists of a conical drum, the axis of which is placed
horizontal or nearly so. The surface of the cone car-
ries a series of projecting pegs or spikes, and the up-
per portion of the case which covers and partly encloses
the cone is furnished on its inner surface with a similar
series of spikes, the spikes of the cone moving in the
intervals between the spike of the case. This machine
is fed at the smaller end of the cone by means of an end-
less apron formed of thin spars of wood, each about three-
quarters of an inch broad .md half an inch apart, fixed
at the ends to two endless leather straps which move
round rollers. The cotton being placed upon this creep-
ing apron, is slowly introduced into the willow, where it
is seized by the revolving spikes, and whirled round with
increasing velocity, due to the increasing surface of the
cone, until, in a few seconds, it arrives at the lai-ge end,
where it falls upon a moviug apron, which carries it away
or turns it out upon the floor. While the cotton is being
teazed out by the spikes of the cone, the heavier impuri-
ties, such as twigs, sand, stones, &c., fall out through the
open lattice or grid-work which fonns the bottom of the
machine. The lighter impurities, such as dust, &c., are
driven by centrifugal force to the large end of the cone,
where they pass out through a spiral cage sieve into
square pipes which convey them away. — C. T.]
Single scutcher and lap-machine, used for taking
out the remaining sand, &c., and for forming the cotton
into laps to feed the breaker carding-engiue. The novelty
in the couatruction of this machine consists chiefly in
the application of the " patent consolidating calender
rollei-s, by which the " felting" of the cotton is per-
formed in a superior manner, and its bulk so compressed
as to admit of an increase of 40 per cent, on the " lap"
roller. By this means a considerable saving of labour is
effected at the coi'diug-engines.
[The batting or scutching and blowing machine carries
on the work of cleaning the cotton which has been begun
by the willow, and serves also to open the matted tufts.
The cotton being spread upon a feeding apron, is intro-
duced into the moobine by means of feeding rollers; as
soon as it gets within the machine it comes under the
beating action of flat bars, which are moved round with
gi-eat rapidity, and strike with their fans upon the cotton
fibres as they slowly escape from between the feeding
rollers. It is then conveyed out of the machine and
turned out upon the floor. It is next passed to another
scutching machine, in which, after being batted, it is
formed into a cylindrical roll or lap, ready for the card-
ing engine.
In many cases, however, the scutching machine and
the lapping machine ore combined, iu which case the
willowed cotton is spread by hand upon a feed-apix>n
to the thickness of about 2 inches, and this is carried
forward at the rate of about 3 feet per minute between a
pair of coai'sely fluted u'on feed-rollers, which are pressed
together by a weight acting through a lever on the brass
bearings of the top roller. There is also a wooden roller,
which serves to keep the cotton close to the apron, so as
to allow it to pass readily between the feed-rollers. As
the cotton passes into the machine between the feed-
rollers it is struck by the first beater, which consists of
two flat bars fixed at right angles upon the anus of a
shaft revolving 2,000 times per minute. The tiotton, on
being struck and whirled round by the beater, is at the
same time struck against the edges of long flat bars,
anunged in the form of a quadrant of a cylinder. The
cotton tufts are thus opened, and the filaments wafted
upon an endless apron, near the end of wliich is a re-
volving cage cylinder, enclosed under the general cover
of the machine; over this cage is a pipe communicating
with a rotatory fan, which, by rai'ifying the air, causes
the dust of the cotton to escape through the cage into
the pipe, whence it is coiiied away: the cage also serves
to spread smoothly upon the apron the loose cotton
filaments into a level mass or lap. This is conveyed
away under a wooden roller, and passed between a
second pair of feed-rollers, to be exposed to a second
scutching by beater-bara revolving more rapidly thau
the former. This second beater delivei's the fila-
ments to a second apron, which passes it under a second
revolving sieve cylinder connected with the fan venti-
lator, by which means the cotton is again formed into
a lap, which is passed out of the machine by the rota-
tion of rollers. It is then can-ed between two pairs of
iron rollers, the upper of which are loaded, which com-
press the filaments and form them into a kind of felt.
This felt or lap is delivered to a wooden lap-cylinder,
the axis of which is loaded, and thus made to bear
down between two rollei-s which revolve both in one
direction, and cairy round by their friction the lap-
cylinder. As this increases in diameter it rises up,
264
Class C— MANUFACTURING MACfflNES AND TOOLS. [United
North Areas A. B. 10 to 31 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; G. H. 25, 26.
together with the links at the ends of the axis, which
carry the weights, and thus the pressure continues uni-
form. When the coil of lap has attained a certain size,
the rollers which turn the ^>ron8, cages, and feed-rollers
are thrown out of gear, while the rollers which support
the lap coil continue to revolve. By this contrivance
the -lap is torn across; the attendant then removes
it, puts an empty lap-cylinder in its place, and throws
the machine into gear.
The laps from different machines are frequently com-
bined into one lap, for the purpose of further equalizing
the quality of different varieties of cotton. This is done at
a lap machine, in which aa endless apron movM between
a frame, on which are slot-bearings for receiving the ends
of the pins which support the laps. There are as many
pairs of slot-bearings on this frame as there are different
laps to be mixed. Each lap being unwound by the mo-
tion of the apron, the different laps are carried forward
in parallel layers lying over each other; they are then all
scutched and formed into one single lap as before. This
is sometimes called a spreading machine.
For the finer varieties of cotton the laps are formed by
hand.— C. T.]
Breaker cardin^-engines: used for further cleansing,
combing, and laying the fibres of the cotton. The laps
from the scutcher feed this machine, and are reduced by
it into continuous webs, which are delivered into cans at
the front of the machine. The novelty of these machines
consists, first, in the method of feeding the card by
means of a dish, straight-edge, and large roller. Secondly,
in the cylinders, doffers, rollers, and strippers being made
of iron. And, thirdly, in the method of a(^ustment of
the bearers or carriers for the rollers and strippers. By
means of the dish, straight-edge, and large roller, the
fibres of the cotton are held imtil combed away by the
cards of the licker-in, and can be adjusted to suit any
length of staple of cotton. These machines, being con-
structed of iron, are not liable to " warp " from variation
of temperature, and the method of applying the bearings
for carrying the rollers, is so simple as to be capable of
the finest adjustment.
Lap-machme : used for making laps to feed the finishing
carding-engine. The cans from the breakers feed this
machine, and the cotton is again formed by it into laps
for the next operation. The patent consolidating calen-
ders are also applied to this machine with the same
advantage as in the scutcher.
Finishing carding-engines. The laps made in the last
machine are taken in by this; and the fibres are again
drawn, combed, and so completely straightened as to
insure a more perfect evenness in the web, which is then
delivered and coiled into cans. These machines are
supplied with the same improvements as the breaker
carding-engines.
Grinding machine : used for grinding and sharpening tlie
teeth of the cards on the rollers, and flats of the carding-
engines.
[In the laps thus formed, the cotton filaments are in a
compre^ ihI state, crossing each other in all directions.
In the next operation, which is carding, they are made
parallel, or brought into a state favourable for parallelism.
In this operation also any remaining impurities are com-
pletely removed. Carding is a sort of double combing.
If we suppose the teeth of one comb to be set or bent in
one direction, and the teeth of another comb to be set in
an opposite direction, and that these two combs be moved
against each other, with a tuft of cotton between them,
the fibres will be seized by the teeth, those of o.ie card
will pull them one way, those of the other card will pull
another way, and by repeating the operation many times
the curls, and twists, and crossings of tho cotton will be
opened and drawn out, and the fibres will be arranged in
parallel lines. In the carding-engine the teeth are
formed of thin iron wire, arranged on bands or fillets of
leather, or other suitable material, made of uniform
thickness, and attached to a set of cylinders and curved
surfaces, the former being made to revolve so as to sweep
over the sur&ces of the latter at rest; or a number of
parallel cards on the surface of a large drum work against
the surfaces of smaller cylindrical cards moving with a
less velocity. The two plans may, however, be com-
bined in the same engine. The tufts of cotton are held
by the stationary or slow-moving cards, while the quick-
moving cards comb out the fibres, and gradually disen-
tangle them.
The main carding cylinder or drum has attached to its
surface strips of card-leather, equal in length to the width
of the drum. Over a portion of this drum is a number of
long strips, the under surfaces of which are covered with
card-leather; thesestrips are called card-tops, and their ends
rest on the heads of adjusting screws, projecting from the
side framing. Nearly in contact with the large drum are
a number of small rollers, called urchins or squirrels,
covered with card fillets, wound spirally round them.
The lap roll, prepared by the lapping machine, is
mounted at one end of the carding-engine; and being
gradually unwound, passes along the surface of a feed-
board, between a pair of feed rollers, until it comes
in contact with the first roller-card, or licker-in, which
draws in the filaments of the cotton As this card.
No, 1, rotates, its teeth come in contact with the teeth of
the large drum, which strip off the filaments; but the
rotation of the drum almost immediately brings it in
contact with the squirrel. No, 2, which strips off the
filaments from the drum, and, by its revolution, transfers
them again to No. 1, which again delivers them to the
drum, together with fresh filaments taken up from the
feeding-rollers: the filaments which escape the action of
l<fos. 1 and 2 are seized by No. 4, which is placed much
nearer to the drum; the cotton thus taken up by No. 4
is combed out by No. 3, which is nearly in contact with it
but moving with greater speed. From No. 3 it is again
transferred to the drum, to be carded out again by No. 4,
and any filaments which still remain are arrested by the
first flat top-cards, and held until they are disentangled
by the revolution of the drum. In this way the filaments
become gitkdually arranged on the s\irface of the drum in
nearly parallel lines, which is the condition sought for,
and in this state they are not teazed off by the m-chins,
but pass round to the opposite end of the machine, and
are removed from the drum by a smaller drum card,
called a doffer or stripper, on the surface of which the cards
are arranged in spiral lines. The fine fleece of the trans-
parent web is removed from the doffer by means of
a doffing knife, the lower edge of which is toothed like
a fine comb, and this, by the action of a crank, is
made to strike down with a rapid motion over the
points of the cards. The fleece thus shaved off is equal
in breath to the length of the card on the doffer, and it is
disposed of in one of two ways. There are usually two
carding engines, the first called the breaker-card, and
the second the finisher-card, and the cotton is passed
through both. In the breaker-card, as the fleece is taken
off by the crank and comb, it is wound upon a large
wooden roller, which, when filled, is removed and used
for feeding the finisher-card. As the fleece is removed
from the finisher-card it is conti-acted into a narrow
riband, by being passed through a funnel, then tlirough
three {Miirs of rollers, the bottom roller of each pair being
finely fluted, and the top roller of each pair covered with
[United
Kingdom.] Class 6.— MANUFACTURING MACHINES AND TOOLS.
North Areas A, B. 10 to 31 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; G. H. 25, 26.
265
leather, and the top rollers are preaoed upon the bottom
ones by weights suspended from their axes. The middle
pair of rollers moves at a greater speed than the first pair,
or that nearest to the engine, so that while the first pair
delivers the filaments the second pair pulls them, before
it delivers them to the third, the effect of which is to
draw and straighten the fibres, and spread them out into
a flat riband, called a card-end or sliver. But before this
sliver passes to the third pair of rollers it is opened out
and made spongy in texture, by being passed through an
upright slit situated between the second and third pair of
rollers; it is then passed between the third pair, which
are but slightly pressed together, and the sliver is finally
received into a tall tin can. — C. T.]
Drawing-machine: used for doubling and drawing the
web or sliver prepared by the finishing carding-engine,
and delivering and coiling it into cans for the next
operation. This machine is furnished with a series of
self-acting gtiides, which stop the machine as soon as the
sliver breaks, in passing from the can to the roller. It is
also fitted up with the coilers and revolving motions to
the cans.
Slubbing-maohine, 28 spindles: used for drawing the
slivers prepared by the last machine, and afterwards
twisting and winding them on bobbins.
Second slubbing or intermediate machine, 54 spindles:
used for doubling and drawing the slubbings, and twisting
and winding them on bobbins for the creels of the roving
machines. This machine is introduced in order gradually
to reduce the sliver, so as to obtain a more even and a
fuller thread.
[The next operation is intended to carry out, in a still
more perfect manner, the operation which was commenced
at the close of the carding, namely, drawing out and
elongating the slivers, straightening the filaments, and
laying them as parallel to each other as possible.
Another object is still further to equalise the quality of
the cotton, and make the slivers of imiform strength and
texture, by combining many slivers into one ; this is called
doubling: smd all these objects are attained at the machine
called the drawing-frame. This consists essentially of
three pair of rollers, of which the second pair moves
with greater speed than the first, and the third more
quickly than the second. These rollers are similar to
those used in the finisher-card, with one or two additions.
A mahogany bar, faced with flannel, rests upon the top
rollers and strips off all the loose fibres; similar bars are
also made to press up against the under-fluted rollers.
The ilistance between the first and second pairs of rollers
must not exceed the length or staple of the filaments of
cotton, or the sliver might be torn apart by the pulling
of the second pair, while the first pair held it firmly. The
sliver is stretched most in passing from the second to the
third pair.
The card-ends are usually supplied to the drawing-
frame from the cans filled by the finisher-card, a number
of them being guided along the channels of a metal platC;
nt the top of which they unite and pass between the
first pair of rollers, which reduces them to one sliver,
the second pair extends every inch of this compound
sliver into about two inches; and the third pair extends
these two inches into ten. The length of the sliver
thus produced is generally equal to the sum of the
lengths of all the separate slivers or card-ends em-
ployed. The single sliver, formed by the doubling or
union of all these separate slivers, is passed between
smooth iron rollers, which condense it, and it is then
received into a can on the opposite side of the frame.
When a number of cans have thus been filled, the draicingn,
na they are now colled, ore ogoiu doubled and drawn out
into one, and, by repeating the operation several times,
the defects of individual slivers or drawings are absorbed
and got rid of, and uniformity is produced. — C. T.]
A roving-machine of 120 spindles: used for the same
purpose as the last, and twisting and winding the slub-
bings on still smaller bobbins for the creels of tne spinning
machines. The improvements in the construction of these
machines consist, prat, in the self-acting motions for stop-
ping the machine when the sliver brraks (used for the
slubber only) : secondly, in the patent bearing or coUans in
which the spindles work, and the methods of fitting the
flyers on the tops of the spindles whereby a greatly
increaead speed is obtained: thirdly, in the application of
the double patent pressure to the flyers, which preserveH
the equilibrium of the spindles whilst working, whether
the .bobbin be full or otherwise.
[By the preceding operations the cotton has been cleaned
and the fibres laid parallel. It is now in the form of a
loose porous cord, too thick to be spun or twisted into
yam. By the next machine, the bobbin and fly -frame, the
drawing is again elongated, and partially spun, and the
roving, as it is then called, is wound upon a bobbin. The
spindle which, by rapidly revolving, puts twist into the
drawing, is furnished with a two-pronged fork, called a
fly or flyer. One prong of the fly is solid and the other
hollow. The bobbin on which the roving is to be wound
is threaded upon the spindle, and revolves with it at a
different rate, and by a perfectly distinct movement.
One frame contains from 30 to 120 spindles, and the
action, which is alike in all, is as follows: — The sliver, as
prepared by the drawing and doubling frame, is brought
in cans to the bobbin and fly -frame, where it is elongated
by passing between three pairs of rollers, and twisted, by
the rapid revolutions of the spindle, into a soft cord or
roving: this is passed into a hole at the top of the spindle,
and then down the hollow arm of the fly ; it is next twisted
twice round a steel finger, which winds it upon the bobbin
with a certam pressure. The finger, however, does not
move up and down the bobbin, but the bobbin moves up
and down upon the spindle, against the finger, by which
means the roving is equally distributed upon the bobbin.
It is necessary, however, gradually to slacken the velocity
of the bobbin, as it increases in thickness by the winding,
otherwise the roving would be improperly stretched or
broken. The velocity of the front pair of rollers, which
delivers the cord, and of the spindle which twists it, is
constant; the motion of the bobbin which winds up the
roving is quickest when it is emp< /, and its speed goes on
gradually slackening until it is full. This diminution of
velocity is occasioned by causing the strap which drives
the bobbins to move slowly along the surface of a conical
drum, which, revolving with a constant speed, the strap
at the small end of the cone would of course impart a
greater velocity than when it had arrived at the large end.
The roving is wound on the bobbin by causing the fly
and the bobbin to revolve at different rates. If the bob-
bin, for example, revolve 50 times while the spindle re-
volve only 40, these 40 turns of the bobbin have nothing
to do with the winding; the 10 turns of the bobbin above
those of the fly perform the winding; so that while 40
turns of the spindle produce twist, 50 turns of the bob-
bin produce 10 coils of roving, upon its barrel. In some
cases the winding is effected by the spindle revolving
quicker than the bobbin, and in fine spinning, two rovings
are doubled, and passed a second time through the
frames.— C. T.]
A throstle of 160 spindles.
[The rovings thus prapared aro finished at one of two
machines, namely, the thi-ostle and the mule jenny; the
266
Class 6.— MANUFACTURING MACHINES AND TOOLS. [United
NoBTH Areas A. B. 10 to il ; C. D, E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; O. H. 25, 26.
one apins the hard yams, which are chiefly used in warps,
and the other the softer yams of wefts. This, however,
is by no means a general rule.
The bobbins filled with rovings from the bobbin and
fly-frame occupy the upper part of the throstle-frame.
Each roving is passed through three pairs of drawing
rollers, which draw it out to the proper degree of fineness.
On qtdtting the front pair, the roving is guided by a small
ring or a notch of glass let into the fituue, towards the
spindles, which revolve with great rapidity, and produce,
by the motion of their flyers, a low musical bum, which is
said to have given the name to this machine. By the
rapid motion of the spindle, the roving is twisted into
yam, which, passing through an eyelet at the end of one
of the prongs of the flyer, proceeds to the bobbin, which
is threaded upon the spindle, and is wound upon it. The
bobbin fits loosely on the spindle, its lower end resting
upon a shelf, called a copping-rail, which has a slow up-
and-down motion, and thus distributes the yam equally
upon the bobbin. The motion of the bobbin upon its
axis is derived from the tension of the yam in winding:
for while the flyer is spinning, the yam drags the bobbin
after it, but its weight and its friction on the copping-rail
cause it to hang back; by this contrivance the yam is kept
stretched, and ia wound upon the bobbin by the more
rapid revolutions of the flyer. — C. T.)
Weft self-acting mule, 402 spindles: used for drawing
or elongating the fibres, and twisting and winding the yam
on cops, for the shuttles of the looms.
Twist self-acting mule, 348 spindles. The same kind
of machine iis the one last described, but used for spinning
thread or yam for the warp instead of weft.
The improvements in these mules consist, first, in an
impi-oved patent drawing-out motion for the carriage,
which can also be used, if i-equired, for the purpose of
"jacking or after-draft," in spinning fine numbers of
yam. Secondly, in the B^'uaring of the carriage by
means of a back-shaft, whici' secures steadiness whilst
traversing; and is, cousequeo ,ly, of great utility in long
mules. Thirdly, in a new mode of winding-on the yam
by a " catch-box," which dispenses with all the springs
and levers previously used, thereby preventing the fi^e-
quent breaking of the yam, and the wear and tear of the
machine,
[The mule or spinning-jenny consists essentially of two
principal portions : one, which is fixed, containing the
bobbins of rovings and the di-awing rollers; the other a
uaiiioge moving upon iron rails, and capable of being
di'awn out to a distance of about 5 feet from the fixed
frame. The caniage carries the spindles, to which a rapid
rotatory motion is given by means of slender cords pass-
ing round them and a drum. There is one drum to about
every 24 spindles, and as many aa 1,000 to 1,200 spindles
in one mule. At the commencement of the spinning, the
carriage is run up close to the drawing roUere, which by
their revolutions give out the roving which is twisted by
rapidly revolving round the points of the spindles; the
carriage is then moved away from the roller-beams some-
what more fpiickly than the rovings arc delivei-ed, by
which means the yams become stretched and equalised.
When the ciuriage has been dmwn out about 54 to 64
inches from the drewing rollers, it is said to have com-
pleted a stretch ; the drawing-rollers cense to give out
roving, but hold it firmly, while the spindles now whirling
with increased rapidity complete the spinning into yam.
In spinning the finer yarns, the carriage makes a second
stretch, during which the spindles are made to revolve
with great rapidity. Any threads which may happen to
break, aix) now pieced, or mended by children called,
"piecem" or "pieceners." This drawing, stretching, and
twisting of a length of yam being completed, the mule ia
disengaged from the parts of the machinery by which it
was driven out, and the spinner then proceeds to do his
part of the work, which consists of three simultaneous
operations: he pushes the carriage in with his knee; he
depresses with one hand a copping wire, which places the
yams in such a position with respect to the spindles,
that they can be wound up upon them ; and, thirdly, he
moves with the other hand a fly-wheel, which sets all the
drums and consequently all the spindles in motion. He
causes the spindles to revolve backwards for a moment,
in order to slacken the yams just completed, and to
throw thdm off the points of the spindles. Considerable
skill is required to perform these three operations suc-
cessfully. The spinner must guide the copping wire so
as to insure the regular winding of the yam on the
spindle; he must regulate the velocity of the spindles,
and he must push the carriage in at such a rate as to
enable the spirdles to take up the projier quantity of
yarn without stretching or breaking. These difficult and
delicate operations can now be accomplished by self-acting
machinery: the self-acting mule does the work in many
respects better than it can be done by the spinner.
The quantity of yam collected upon each spindle is
called a cop. The yam is wound from the cops, or from
the bobbins of the throstle-framo, upon a six-sided reel,
one yard and a half in circumference. The reel is
mounted in a frame containing the cops or bobbins, and
when the reel has made 80 turns, a check is struck,
or a bell rung, which warns the attendant that a ley or
rap of 120 yards has been wound. Seven of these raps
make a hank of 840 yai-ds. The size of the yam is ascer-
tained by weighing the hanks in a quadrant balance. The
number of hanks to the poimd may vary from 2 to 600,
The hanks are made up in cubical bundles of 5 or 10 lbs,
weight, by a machine called a bundling press. — C, T.]
A doubling machine: used for doubling and twisting a
number of spun yams into thread.
[The better descriptions of yam are gassed, or passed two
or three times through a gas flame, in order to get rid of
loose fibres, and to moke it mora level and compact. Two
or more yarns, doubled and twisted together in an opposite
direction to the twist of the yams themselves, form
thread, properly so called. — C, T,]
A winding-machine: used for winding the yam from
the mules and throstle, and preparing it fur the warpiug-
mochine. One side of this machine winds from cops spun
in the mule, and the other from bobbins spun on the
throstle, A warping-machine,
[When the yam is required for weaving, it is prepared
in difierent ways, according to the purpose for which it is
intended. The yams for the warp or long thread of a
woven fabric are wound upon bobbins from which they
are drawn in the process of wai-piug. The warping-mill
or machine is a large reel or frame-work of wood, with
12, 18, or more sides, which serve to measure the total
length of the warp. This reel is mounted on a vertical
axis, to which motion is given by an endless band, con-
necting the lower part of the axis with a wheel set in
motion by the warper. One-sixth of the number of the
bobbins of yarn required for the warp, is usually mounted
loosely upon upright spindles, in a frame called a traverse.
The yams pass from these bobbins to the large reel,
through an iustmment called a heck-box, which is mode
to slide up and down between two upright posts, by being
suspended by a coi'd which, passing over a pulley at the
top of the posts, is made fast to the axle : so that as the
reel revolves, the heck is gi'adually raised from the
[Unitbb
Kingdom.] Class e.-MANUFACTUBING MACHINES AND TOOLS.
North Abbab A. B. 10 to 31 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; G. H. 25, 26.
267
bottom to the top, and when the mill is turned the other
way it desoenda by its own weight, and thua the band of
warp-yam is wound in a apiral line from the top to the
bottom of the reel. The use of the heck ia to divide
the warp-threoda into the lease, or two alternate seta,
one set for each heald of the loom. To effect thia, the
heck-blook coutaina 120 or more steel pina, with an eye
in the upper end of each, through which a yam paaaea
in the proceaa of warping. The pina are arranged alter-
nately in two framea, either of which may be raised
at pleasure. The threads being passed through the eyea
of the heck, the ends are knitted together, and fixed to a
pin upon the mill. The mill ia then turned slowly until
the top lease pina come nearly opposite the heck. The
warper then, lifting half of the heck-frame, raiaes half the
threads, which he places upon one pin, and the other half
upon another pin of the mill. In thia way every alter-
nate thread ia crossed, and the lease ia formed. When
the warp has described a spiral line roimd the frame, from
the top to the bottom, the threada are again passed
over pins, the motion of the frame ia reveraed, and tlte
warp forms another spiral line in a contrary direction.
The operation ia thus repeated until the whole length of
warp is run out. The lease or crossing of the threads ia
secured by a band tied through them at the top, and
another at the bottom. The warp ia then removed, and
wotmd up into a ball.
The bundles of yam thua formed are spread out upon
cylinders or yarn-beams; and, in order to distribute them
equally, the threads are passed through a separator or
n.vel, formed of a number of shreds of cane fixed in two
i-ails of wood. A dressing of glue, size, or paste is next
given to the warp-yams to increase their strength and
tenacity, and to lay down the minute fibres which feather
the yam.* In the dressing machine the yarn-beams are
mounted in a frame at one end ; the threads are passed
through a reed to keep them distinct, and then between
rollers covered with felt, one of which dips into a trough
containing the paste or other dressing. The lower
roller gives paste to the yarn, while the upper roller
squeezes out the superfluous quantity. The dressing is
also rubbed into the fibres of the yam, and smoothed
over by means of cylindrical brushes, one above and the
other below the warp, and moving in a direction contrary
to that of the yams. The warp is dried by being passed
over a box or chest filled with steam, and a current of air
ia made to stream over it by means of a revolving fan.
The wai-p is passed to th main yarn-beam of the loom,
on which it is regularly wound, the threads being kept
distinct by passing through a reed.
The warp-beam thus filled is suspended by its axis, so
that the ends of the warp-threads may hang down, and
the weaver then draws eveiy yarn through its proper eye
or loop in the healds. The alternate crossing of the
threads is preserved by the lease-rods, and in drawing
in, as the operation is called, the weaver ciui easily
make each thread to cihjss the one next to it. When
the threads have been passed through the eyes of the
healds they are next drawn tlu-ough the splits of the reed.
The lease-rods preserve the lease of the tlu-eads, and the
arrangement is as follows : — The fii-st thread passes over
the first rod and under the second, the next thread passes
Jiuder the first and over the second, and so on alternately,
the third i-od divides the wai-p into splitfuls, two tlu'eads
passing alternately over and under it.— C. T.]
Power-looms, the novelty in which consists, first, in
the patent uniform winding or taking-up motion, which
* The dtesting luucliinu u nut exiubitcil.
ia effected by surfaoe-rollera, without the aid of ground
glass or emery, and is applicable to looma for weaving
both light and atrong cloths; and, secondly, in the method
of holding the edges of the cloth during the proceaa of
weaving by an improved " temple."
[The loom uaed in plain weaving oonaiats of — 1. An
apparatus for stretching the warp. 2. An arrangement
for raising one-half of the threada of the warp and de-
preaaing the other half alternately, ao as to open a space
for introducing the weft. 3. A shuttle for casting
the weft into the opening thua made. 4. Meana for
striking each weft-thread close up to the one previously
thrown. The common loom conaiats of four upright
posta with croas beams at the top and bottom. At one
end ia the beam or roll containing the warp, at the other
end the cloth-beam, on which the work is wound as it is
woven. The warp is kept stretched between the two by
weights alung over the ends of the wai-p-beam. The
alternate arrangement of the warp-threada ia preaerved
by means of lease-rods. One-half of the warp-threada is
alternately raised and d3pre88ed by the healds, which
consist of a number of twines, looped in the middle or
ftimished with glass eyes, each alternate thread being
passed through the loops of one heald, while the inter-
mediate threads are passed through the loops of the
other heald. The two healds are united at the upper
port by a rope passing over a pulley, and at the low'<ir
part a rope proceeds from each heald to a treadle, by
which means the lowering of one heald causes the oxher
to rise. The yams are also passed through the teeth of a
reed, which is set in a moveable swing frame, called the lay
or batten. At the bottom of this frame is a channel,
called the shuttle-race, along which is thrown the jhuttle,
a boat-shaped piece of wood containing, in a hollow in the
middle, the cop of yam which is to form the weft or cross-
threads of the web of cloth. At tne side of the shuttle
is a small hole, through which the weft-yam runs freely
08 the shuttle is shot along. The shuttle is somet*. aes
furnished with wheels on the under side, and may be shot
backwards and forwarda by hand or by pickera or peckers,
as in the fly-ahuttle ; in which case, the two ends of the
shuttle-race are closr.d, and two pieces of wood, called
pickers, move along wires. To each picker a string is
attached, and both strings meet loosely in a handle, which
is held in the right hand of the weaver. When the shuttle
is at one end of the race a smart jerk of the picker projects
it along to the other end, and another jerk in the contnuy
direction urges it the other way. Every time a thread
of weft is to be thrown across the warp the weaver has to
perform three distinct operations — 1, To'press down one
of the treadles, by which means every alternate thread
of the warp is depressed, forming what is called the shed.
2. To throw the shuttle across so as to lay a thread of
weft in tills shed. 3. To drive the thread of weft close
up to the web by means of the batten. As the web is
completed it is wound round upon the cloth-beam, and
the breadth of the unwound portion is kept extended by
two pieces of wood, called temples, fumlibed with sharp
points at the ends.
In plain weaving, the warp and the weft-threads are of
thesame colour and usually of the same degrees of fineness.
By introducing yams of different degrees of fineness, at
regular intervals, a striped cotton is produced. By having
the wai-p-threadg of one colour and the weft-threads
of another colour, shot patterns are formed, Colour.jd
stripes are formed by introducing colom'ed yarns into
the waip. In these and various other coses every thread
of the warp and weft crass alternately at right angles.
In twilled or tweelled cloths only the third, or the fourth,
268
Class ^.—MANUFACTURING MACHINES AND TOOLS, [United
NoBTii Areas A. B. 10 to 31 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; G. H. 25, 26.
fifth, or sixth, &c., threads cross each other. Figures,
flowers, or patterns of any kind are produced by dividing
the warp between a number of healda which can b-
roised or lowered at pleasure, while threads of different
colours may be either concealed or brought forward upon
the face of the fabric, or be made to change places ac-
cording to the pattern. The Jacquard loom, as it is
called, is a contrivance attached to a loom for raising or
concealing different threads.
In the power-loom, the services of the weaver are dis-
pensed with, the various movements being performed by
self-acting machinery, driven by the steam-e^jjine. — C. T.]
Messrs. Benjamin Hick and Son, Soho Foundry, Bolton,
are the makers and exhibitors of the steam-engine (G-horse
power), together v/ith the mill-gearing and framing for
turning the above machinery.
The card clothing on four of the carding engines was
manufactured by Joseph Sykes and Brothers, Lindley,
near Huddersfield ; and that on the other two by Mr,
Uoi-afall, of Manchester.— See Plates 122 and 123.
2 BtiOTH & Co., Preston, Lancashire — Manufacturers.
Mule spindles, with buttons and drum warves, and
mule spindles with buttons and cylinder warvea, for spin-
ning cotton and silk; they are made capable of revolving
at the speed of about 7,000 revolutions per minute. The
shape of the top of the spindle lessens the vibration of the
yam, and consequently the breakages.
Throstle spindle and fly, for spinning cotton, silk,
flax or worsted.
Roving spindle and fly, for spinning cotton. The fly
is supplied with Tver's patent spring, &c.
Wiuding spindle, for winding cotton, silk, &c.
Spindle, for reeling cotton, silk, &c.
Skewer, for winding cotton, silk, &c.
3 Cbabtbee, Thomas, Oodtey, near Halifax —
Manufacturer.
Card-setting machine; which accomplishes the entire
manipulation for producing the complete card from the
wire and leather or cloth in their primary state; it will
make cards for wool, cotton, or silk; used in the manu-
factory of Messrs. J. Sykes and Brothers, card manu-
facturers, Acre Mills, Lindley, near Huddersfield.
[A card, for carding cotton, wool, and other analogous
fibrous substances : it consists of a series of forked wires,
both ends of which are inserted through holes made in a
strap of leather, and then bent very regularly to the
required inclination. Cards in the carding engine seem
to lay all the fibres of cotton or wool in one direction,
accumulating it into a loose mass called a fleece, prepara-
tory to the process of spinning. The first card-making
machine was patented by J. C, Dyer, of Manchester, in
1811, and is said to have been the invention of an Ame-
rican named Whittemore. It is a most beautiful and
efficient piece of mechanism. — W. D. L. U.]
4 Dalton, John, Afottrttm-in-Lomjcndalo — Inventor.
Macliine for printing calicoes, de laines, and other textile
fabrics. By one process a corresponding or varied pattuin
is printed on each side of the fabric. It may be employed
tut u double printing mochino, for printing on ono side two
piuuos at the same time. The construction is applicable
to printing machines generally, and consists in substituting
for the ordinary iron printing cylinder, a newly-invented
cylinder, constructed with the exterior surface of gutta
perclia, am! in dispensing with the use of the endless-
web or blanket, and the lapping, which is required in
the ordinary machines, to afford a yielding surface to the
action of tue engraved roller. These now cylinders possess
ill u gi'oat degroo the properties of punnancnce and
elasticity, and iU"o superior to other appliances, from their
increased efficiency and economy. A more accurate and
uniform impression of the pattern is obtained, and a
saving of one-third of the power required to work the or-
dinary machines is effected. When used in two or more
coloured machines, the fitting-in of the pattern will be
correct, and without variation; and no allowance, as usual
at present, will need to be given to the engraved rollers
to compensate for the extension of the web.
5 Preston, Francis, Manchester — Manufacturer.
Spindles and flyers used in preparing, spinning, and
douoling of cotton, silk, worsted, woollen, and flax.
[Several American machines exhibited in this portion of
the Building.]
6 Parr, Curtis, & Madelet, Manchester —
Manufacturers and Patentees.
1. Carding engine, made with rollers and olearers.
2. Drawing frame of three heads, three boxes to each
head, with four rows of rollers, patent coilers, and revolv-
ing can-motion, and patent stop-motion.
3. Slubbing frame, with patent improvements, which
consist in the application of a coiled spring to the
presser, giving it a more uniform pressure, and reducing
the weight of the flyer. A frame is fastened to the beam,
on which a carriage moves, carrying the tension weight
for lightening the cone strap instead of allowing it to rt.tt
on the grooved shaft, and gearing is applied to the short-
ening and traverse motions.
4. Roving frame with the same patent improvements
oa applied to the slubbing frame.
5. Patent self-acting nmle, 1 J inch gauge, similar to
Sharp and Roberts, with patent improvements, which
coiisist in the application of a positive motion to pro-
duce the required changes, dispensing with the use of
the cam shaft, and other important advantages.
G. Patent self-acting mule, 1^ inch gauge. An adapta-
tion of Sharp's radial arm to Smith and Robertson's mangle
wheel and stripping mule, with pat-nnt improvements.
7. Patent self-acting mule, 1} inch gauge. Arranged
with the headstock at ono end, with patiant improve-
ments, wliich consist in the peculiar arrangement of tlie
headstock, and in the novel motion applied to wind the
yam on to the spindles.
8. Planing machine for metals; self-acting in the hori-
zontal, vertical, and angular cuts. Its chief objects ai'u
strength and simplicity.
9. General shaping machine, for shaping metals. It
planes horizontal, vertical, angular, circular, and polygon
work, and hollows down to half an inch radius. Motion
is given to the ci'ank by a pair of wheels bored eccentric.
10. Slide and sci-ew cutting lathe, fitted with geared
head-stocks, having conical mandril, and coso-hai'dened
steel bearings and collars; guide screw the whole length;
compound Tide rest, self-acting in the longitudinal and
transverse direction.
11. Drilling machine for drilling holes to 1^ inch dia-
meter, with self-acting feed motion; the pressm'o i-egu-
luted by an improved Motion break, or given by the foot.
7 Leach, Thomas, Oldham Road, liuchdatf —
Manufacturer.
Doffing and cleaning plates, for cotton and wool ma-
chinery. Temple teetii and springs for power-looms.
Springs and under cloarers for throstles and mules.
8 Wild, William, 26 lirouyhlon lioad, Salfunl,
Manchester.
A cnak mode by machinery.
10 & 46 Mason, J., Olobe Works, Hochdale— Joint
Inventor and Maker
Single carding engine, lap machine, and self-acting
feeder; the same, with condenser attached, intended to
produce a number of endless cardings or slubblngs, and
dispense with the use of the billy machine, and the hands
required to work it.
Patent condensor, or endless carding engine for wool, and
self-acting feeder for any second or finisher carding engine.
AMon of the Machine. — The wool is removed from the
[Unitee
0 work the or-
a two or more
attern will be
«nce, aa usual
graved rollera
ufaoturer.
Bpinning, and
uidflax.
ilus portion of
ester —
clearers.
)uxes to each
8, and revolv-
monts, which
pring to the
and reducing
to the beam,
insion weight
ifing it to rt.,t
to tlie short-
mprovements
e, Biuiilar to
lents, which
)tion to pro-
1 the use of
;e8.
An adapta-
aon's mangle
>Tement8.
)• Arranged
int improve-
ement of the
I to wind the
' in the hori-
f objects ai-o
metals. It
and polygon
us. Motion
d eccentric,
with geared
ISO-hardened
hole length;
itudinal and
1^ inch dia-
Jssm'o i-egti-
by the foot.
•ilk—
d wool ma-
jwer-loonu).
nules.
l/unl,
-Joint
8elf-r>ctin){
ntended to
)bing8, and
1 the hands
r wool, and
iugongiuo.
d from the
Kingdom.] Class 6.— MANUFACTURING MACHINES ANT) TOOLS.
North Areas A. B. 10 to 31 j C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; G. H. 25, 26.
269
doffer of the first carding engine by a comb as usual, and
is drawn by a pair of rollers fixed at the cide of the framo
through a revolving tube, which imparts an amount of false
twist to the sliver. It is returned between a lower pair of
rollers to the lap machine in front of the engine, which is
arranged to form a lap 16 inches diameter, and 4 inches
wide. When the required length of sliver is wound on,
notice is given by a bell; and if not attended to, another
movement doffis the lap, so as to ensure each one being of
the same uniform length.
These narrower laps are placed side by side upon rods,
so M to form four rows, a, b, c, d, fig. 1, each row being
the whole width of the engine, which are turned off into
the engine by the unlapping rollers e,f, g, h. Elach sliver
passes through a guide or reed as it enters the feeding
rollers to keep it in its proper place. The quantity of
sliver thus put up at the feeder end of the machine will
last a whole da^.
The wool having passed through the engine, and been
carded in the usual manner, is removed from the maip
cylinder by the condensor doffers, •', k, which are provided
with ring of cards, and alternate blank spaces, so that the
wool which is left upon the cylinder by the top doffer is
removed by the lower one.
The stripper rollers, /, ni, take the bands of wool from
the dofl'ers, after which they pass between the doubled
en«Hess twisting straps, n, o, in order to receive a degree
of false twist, sufficient to enable them to carry forward
to be spun. They then pass between the delivery rollers,
p, q, to the bobbins, r, s, on which they are lapped by
friction of contact with the drum t, u.
When the bobbins are fitted they are removed direct
to the mule to be spun, whore they are unlapped in a
similar manner by drums.
The advantage of this system consists in a gi-eat eco-
nomy of labour; three operations being entirely dispensed
with, viz., feeding, slubbing, and piecing. With the
addition of the self-feeder condensor, yarns are found to
be more regular and level than those produced by the
ordinary method; a greater quantity of work \a turned
Fig. 1.
Mmon'ii Carding Engine.
off; the threads are more nappy or oozy, which increases
the felting quality in milling; causes a firmer texture in
the cloth, and a corresponding fulness of bottom and
richness of appearance when finished, not attained by the
methods formerly in use.
Mule loom grindiii«(-f^me.
The patent driving bands mp.de by J, H. Whitehead,
Saddleworth.
Slubbing-frame, with Mason and Collier's patent collars
or bearings for the spindles : separating plates for the
slubbings, and the break motion for readily stopping the
machine.
Patent slubbing and roving frames.
This improvement gives a firmer support to the spin-
dles, obtaining greater speed with greater steadiness.
It is accomplished by making the collar in the lifting
roil longer (shown detached in fig. 3), and continuing it
through the wheel 6, up the inside of the bobbin-barrel to
the top of it, where the bearing for the spindle \a
formed as shown at a, figs. 2 and 3.
The collars are chambered inside, so that the spindle
fits only their ends, and they are firmly screwed to the
lifting-rail d, the wheels and bobbins running loosely
around them, as represented.
The separating plates e, prevent the broken threads
becoming entangled with the other spindles.
Roving frame, with patent collar, separating plates,
and additional improvements.
Patent power-loom, for weaving fancy goods by an im-
proved method of working the healds, to form the figure
on the cloth. A vice.
t_^Fig.3.
Mason'i Patent Slubbing and Riving I'lumr and Col'utr.4.
270
CLAB8 e.— MANUFACTURING MACHINES AND TOOLS. [UNmnj
North Abkab A. H. 10 to 31 ; 0. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; O. H. 215, 26.
14
HiooinbA SoNfi, Kituj Street, Stilford—
Manufacturen and part Inventort.
Cotton machinery : — Patent roving frame of 72 apindlea ;
double aetf-aoting radial mule, t)(K) apindldii.
Long-line flax machinery ; — Firet drawing frame, four
boaaee; Hecond, 4 heodH, 4 bosHea each; patent roving
fhune, 6 head*, OOapindlea; spinning frame, 144spindl«8.
lA Sharp Brotheiw, ^(incA<'s(tfr-
Danforth throstle, for spinning.
-Inventors.
10 Mather, W. & C, Salford Iron TTorJbi— Manufacturers,
Calico-printing machine, for printing eight ooloun at
one operation, with drying apparatus. Sewing machine,
and patent pistons.
17 Saxon, Abrl, Manohester-
Metallio bobbins.
-Manufooturer.
18 Harrison, J., i<anA/btuu/rv,/t/aoA6iutt — Manufacturer.
Power-loom atlapted for fabrics of light materials, in
cotton, wool, and flax, and not more than 18 or 20
" picks" or "shots" of weft in a quarter of an inch; and
for "tweele<l" goods up to four leaves.
Power-loom, adapted for heavy and tweelled goods,
Power-loom, made 50 or GO years ago. These looms are
represented in the engravings below.
Uodem I'ower-loom.
19 GiBBCm St Co., Olasgow — Manufacturers.
Case containing specimens of shuttles.
20
Horndt & Kenworthy, Blackburn— Inventors
and Manufacturers.
Patent sizing or dressing machine, with a peculiar ar-
i-ongement for laying out the yam in the form of a
"sheet," "tape," or "beers," for "leasing," "boiling,"
"drying," "registering," and "beaming."
Model of patent warning-machine, with a self-acting
backing-off motion. Thu series of models, together with
a model of the loom named below, ia represented in the
engraving on the next page.
21
Bullodgh, J., Blttckhurn — Inventor and
Manufacturer.
Model of patent power-loom: which stops the motion
when the weft thread breaks; it has a self-acting temple,
and it coils the taking-up motion.
22
Smith, Mark, Heywond, near Manchester —
Inventor and Maker.
Loom for weaving n.kval canvas, Dutch and Venetian
carpets, and applying the rising-box motion to Scotch
and Kidderminster carpets. Ilie speed of this loom is
120 picks per minute ; it drives a shuttle that will weave
a yard of cloth from one bobbin.
Loom for weaving strong fustians, strong ticks, linen.
Old Power-loom.
damask, and woollen cloths, on the same prinsiple, with
the addition of self-acting temples. It weaves 5 lb.
No. 2 cotton weft, or 100 hanks in ten hours; and works
safely at 200 picks per minute.
Loom with rising emd falling box motion for weaving
plaids, checks, ginghams, fancy drills, quiltings, and
calicoes.
Loom for weaving silks, fitted up for plain cloths, but
applicable to satins and figured work by attaching the
necessary cams or tapets, or the Jacquard machine.
Working model, comprising most of the motions of
these looms.
23 Taylor & Son, Halifax — Manufacturers.
A large Jacquard loom, exhibited in the operation of
weaving worsted damask goods. (See engraving, page
272.)
[This vast machine, with its array of cards, and con-
fusing lines of hameb.,, furnishes a striking example of
a loom constructed on the principle discovered by
Jacquard.]
24
Macindoe, Oeorge Park, Glasgow — Inventor and
Patentee.
Self-acting ronle for spinning cottonwool into yam, with
oscillating or vibrating lever for taking in or putting up the
carriage, and a mode of putting down the faller from any
of the twist pulleys by centrifugal disengaging catches.
I. 25, 26.
fl^NITKn
Tron TFor**— MMiufaoturerg
printing eight ooloura nt
larotua. Sewing machine,
!«/•— Manufacturer.
f'<»o**"'-»»— Manufacturer.
riM of light material., in
lot more than 18 or 2()
a quarter of an inch; and
' leaves.
avy and tweelled goo<lg
"^ ago. These looms are
Blow,
lesameprinsiple, with
les. It weaves 5 lb.
ten hours; and works
X motion for weaving
drills, quiltings, and
> for plain cloths, but
'ork by attaching the
quard machine.
't of the motions of
anufacturers.
1 in the operation of
(See engraving, page
y of cards, and con-
striking example of
oiple discovered by
row — Inventor and
wool into yam, with
fin or putting up the
the faller from any
sengaging catches.
KiwnoM.] Ci,At»H fl.— MANUFACTUniNO MACniNEfl AND TOOLS.
North Ahram A. H. 10 to 81 j C. 1). E. 1 to 10, * Ifl to 33 ; (». II. 2rt, 20.
271
Hornby k Kenwortliy'i ModeU nt Puteiit Uiiing (iiit Wuping Mucliinr,
This mule, for which letteni-patent were obtained in
1849-.'>ii, liy the exhibitor, presents a combination of
Himple and efficient mechanical movements. The side
elevation of the head-stock given in the accompanying
Plate, explains how far the attempt at economy, con-
Htniction, aii't convenience of arrangement, has suc-
ceeded ; but the great features of the improvement are
couiprohended under the following nine heads :—
1. The mode of regulating the twist of the yam, in
direct communication with the spindles. By this plan,
the movements of the spindles, and the twisting action,
are made to work in complete concert — a point, which
every cotton -spinner will appreciate.
2. Tiie taking-in or pulling-up of the carriage by
an oscillating or vibrating lever (marked 36 in the
Plate), This movement possesses the peculiar feature of
causing the carriage to start at a slow yet steady pace,
);nuluully increosmg in speed until half way, when its
rate diminishes in a similar ratio up to the roller beam.
Thix nctiou Li also three or four seconds quicker at each
stretch than ordinary mangle-wheel mules, and is not
affected by any change which may be made in the mule,
to suit particular numbeiit.
3. The adaptation of a counterpart to the radial arm and
screw, for winding on the yarn, as marked HO in the Plate.
4. The extt'iision of the main driving shaft A, over the
whole length . Iieodstock, so as to distribute the vaiious
movements in the most convenient manner, and di><])eiiB-
ing with additional connections.
5. The extension of the cam shaft r, from the drav.'ing
rollers at i, foi-wavd to the front end of the hoadstock.
6. The power of a])plying the heudstorV. in the centre
of the carriage, without the uho of onuilrs, or connecting
rods and joints for connecting the guides, which are in one
length — this arnuigeuient being advantageous for new
nmles, and capable of eaxy adaptation to old ones.
7. The backing-ofi' motion, being worked by wheels, is
capable of regulation to the greatest nicety.
8. Tlie second draw, which is necessaiy for fine yam.
9. The use of disengaging pulleys or friction pullt-ys ;/,
with their peripheries imlented at certain points, for the
purpose of starting and stopping the soveriil nioveraentM
in connection with the t iin shaft, with a steady and un-
broken action.
The steel Plate represent.-! Macindoe's patent self-acting
mule. In this description, owing to the complication of
the references in the plate, only those are given which
render clear the peculiar principles of the mule.
[It appeara that the first self-acting mule was invented
in 1793 by Mr. W. Strutt, of Derby, and the second by
Mr. W. Kelly, of Lanark Mills, in 1792, but both were
abandoned. About 35 years afterwards, two patents
were granted on one day to two parties for self-acting
mules. Since these were granted, about 20 others have
been obtained for a like purpose, and their siiccess has
been as varied as their number. The machine is a wonder-
ful industrial automaton. — R. E.]
25 McNauoht, William, 20 Robertson Street, aiaagow
— Inventor.
Coats's patent self-acting bobbin-making machine, in-
tended for the manufacture of spools used in making-up
sewing thread. It is capable of turning off two dozen
of spools per minute, or about three times as many as
can be done by the hand-machine. Those are delivured
on the lathe arbor, and are finished, and withdrawn in
the finished state, by the machine.
27
Calvebt, F. A., 32 Cannon Street, Manchester —
Inventor and Patentee.
Patent machines for wool-burring and cotton cleaning,
for carding and cleoningfibrous substances, and for ginning
cotton, or separating the seed fi-om the fibre, as pro-
duced on the plantation.
Patent method of constructing burring and carding cy-
linders.
28 Paterson, T. Lucas, (llamjow — Inventor and
Patentee.
Model of a patent machine for winding worsted, woollen,
cotton, or linen yarn from the hank, upon the shuttle-
cop or pirn; its object is to save waste, and produce an
improved "build of cop," at reduced cost.
29
Jordan, Wim.iam, 43 Hilton Street, Manchester
— Inventor and Manufacturer.
New warpin«-mill iron-creel, for silk. The bobbins or
reels are uiiuie to pass each other, forming the lease
instantly, instead o£^ the warper soiling and ruffling the
ends with his fingers, so that the twister-in or weaver can
separate every end in the warp with ftkcility.
Warping-niill heck, of 224 eyes, with (new) inclined
crossing motion, for cotton.
^--4JS
6V
r.l.wJ lr« ■ -;^l^ U« kj* I IllW»1
yaMaKI[DI)ll'S
mt COTTON SPimiNO.
272 Class C— MANUFACTURING MACHINES AND TOOLS, [United
North Aheab A. R. 10 to 31 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; G, H. 25, 26.
Tiylor & Son'i Large Jacquanl Ivoom for tlio ;ir(»luction of FiKuroil Furniture DnmRsk.
[United
Kingdom.] Class 6,— MANUFACTURING MACHINES AND TOOLS.
North Areas A. B. 10 to 31 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; G. H. 25, 26.
2V\
30 De Fontaine Moreau, Peter A., 4 South Street,
Fittsbury — Importer and Proprietor.
Novel apparatus for the working of spindles without
straps or cords, for spinning all fibrous substances, and
adapted for all spinning machines. The advantage is said
to consist in the suppression of cords and straps, in the
production of a regular and invariable rotation to the
spindles, and consequently a regular tension \.o the
threads. The friction and, consequently, the wear and
tear, are said to be diminished, and less than the usual
amount of power to be required. — Patented.
Apparatus for replacing the Jacquard machine for
weaving figured fabrics and tissues; composed of a cylin-
der, provided with moveable pegs. When the cylinder
rotates, the hammer, in contact with the pegs, is thrown
back, and raises the threads of the warp : the apparatus
has only 120 pegs, but can have any required number.
It is stated that, by this invention, the cards so expensive
in tLe usual Jacquard machine are dispensed with. —
Patented.
Apparatus for extracting ores from mines and coal-pits.
The (H>jeot of this apparatus is said to be to replace all
kinds of machines hithei-to used, and especially the
ropes, and to economise time. — Patented in England.
Elevator syphon apparatus, to work which an elevation
of at least 33 feet is required : it is stated that the water
taken at the curve of the syphon can be employed without
any expense, as a motive power.
32 Chalmers, D., Manchester Wire Works — Inventor.
New damask power-loom.
Railway-break, calculated to prevent collision, and tu
act without shock.
35 Crichton, D., 165 Bradford Road, Manchester —
Inventor.
Model loom, exhibiting a new principle of mechanical
action on the yam and cloth rollers, which impart their
requirod velocities throughout the process of weaving.
A mechanical movement, exhibiting the application of
the principle in the loom; also its application in the roving-
frame, to give the required velocity to the bobbins and
the lifdng-rail.
36 CnicHTON, W., & Co., Great Bridgwater Street,
Manchester — Machinists.
Cotton-opener, on Samuel Hardacre's patent principle,
being the application of the batting-stick in such a
manner as to open from 40,000 lbs. to 50,000 lbs. per
week of 57* hours, requiring only IJ to 1^ horse power.
Framed drawing of double-beater lap machine, with fan
attached.
37 NiMMO & Son, 211 Cowgate, Edinburgh—
Manufacturers.
Spinning wheel, for cipinning fine flax.
A check reel, made to the uniform standard measure of
Scotland.
A model wheel in brass, for producing fine yarn or
twisted thread.
38 MiLLlOAN, Wm., Bradford, Yorkshire — Inventor.
Patent power-loom made by Hodgson & Haley, to show
the taking-up motion. It is stated that this loom will
put any number of picks into a given length of warp, and
the number of picks may be altered without change-
wheels or altering the weight on the yarn-beam, so that
the warp may be kept as tight as its strength will bear,
without making the cloth uneven ; it has this advantage
over any friction motion, that it will neither slip, nor fray
the cloth; and it will weave wet weft ns well as dry.
39 Mackenzie, Duncan, 52 Burton St., Tavistock Squi";
— Inventor,
A reading machine for frames and Jacquard looms,
including in one machine four different apparatus, namely
— the reader, the press, the repeater, and the knife; faci-
litating labour and economising expense; reducing to
mathematical exactness operations which have hitherto
been matters of uncertainty, and enabling manufacturers
to employ persons of ordinary care and attention to read,
punch, and recut their designs or patterns with quick -
nessand ease,
40 DoNiS'iHORPE, Qeorqe Edmund, ieerfs— Inventor
and Proprietor,
Double wool-combing machine.
41 Barlow, Charles, 89 Chancery Lane — Importer.
Patent machine, for uniting by stitches all kinds of
woven goods, and useful in making articles of wearing
apparel. Two distinct threads are used, one of which
appears at the back, and the o^her at the front of the
fabric, so that each stitch forms au independent fasten-
ing. The seam thus produced is firm and regular.
42 Sutcliffe, R., Idle, near Bradford— layeaior.
Patent spinning frame, for spinning and doubling cotton,
&c. The part patented is represented in the annexed
cut. The dead spindle, or stud C, is fixed to the rail R,
and traverses in the rail H. In the toy of the stud a
cavity is drilled, and ij this cavity a email cylindrical
spindle, B, revolves. This small spindle is attached to
ro.i
Sutcliffe's Patent Spinning Frame.
the flyer A, the flyer is drawn by the bobbin F, tiie
bobbin is carried upon a revolving tube D, and the re-
volving tube is diiven by a band from the cylinder. Q is
the eye of the flyer, which carries the thread. To pre-
vent the small spindle and flj'er from being jerked or
raised from its place, it is made thicker at the lower end,
and a brass cap Z, fitted accurately to the spindle, is
screwed on the top of the stud, and thus the spindle is
kept securely in its place. In this cap the patent con-
sists. The drag js produced by the friction of the small
spindle against the stud, and by the resistance of the
atmosphere against the wings of the flyer.
[The objects attained by this process are a high degree
of velocity, and a regularity in the tension or drag, so as
to produce perfect evenness in the yarn. This frame
works with a speed of upwards of 6,000 revolutions per
minute.— O. T.]
43 Hennino, John, Cambray House, Waringstoum,
County Dovn, Irelajid — Inventor.
Cambric loom; damask loom; machine for weaving
damusk, or other figured fabrics, en the Jacquard principle.
44 Sandeman, Hector, Tulloch Bleachfield, Perth —
Manufacturer.
Machine for stretching cloth after it has shrunk in
the processes of bleaching, scouring, dyeinff, printing, &c.
[OrricTAt. Ii.i.fsTitATrn Oataixkjue.]
274
Class 6.— MANUFACTURING MACHINES AND TOOLS. [United
North Areas A. B. 10 to 31 ; C, D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; G. H. 25, 26.
45
De BErtOiTB, C 9 Dowj/ate ffill— Inventor and
Manufacturer.
Specimens of dents, and reeds or combs, complete,
for weaving every description of fabrics, manufactured by
patent machinery. This invention is intended to insure
regularity in the reed, and uniformity in the fabric and
in the shape and finish of the dents, so as to be less
liable to cut or break the threads.
47
Marslano & Co., Blaclifriars, Sfancheater —
Manufacturers.
Cotton-winding machine.
48
Berry, B., & Sons, Bowling, near Bradford—
Manufacturers.
Machinery for the manufacture of worsted yams, ex-
hibited in operation; consisting of double gill box, open
drawing, first process; double gill box, two spindles,
second process; drawing head, two spindles, third pro-
C38s; finishing head, four spindles, fourth process; roving
head, six spindles, fifth process; spinning frame, sixteen
spindles on each side or thirty-two spindles, sixth pro-
cess.
[This machinery exhibits the processes ordinarily em-
ployed in the preparation and spinning of worsted yams,
after the wool has been washed and combed. The slivers,
or long fibres of combed wool, are prepared by being
gradually drown out in passing through a series of rollers
of regularly-increasing velocity. When thus sufficiently
extended and attenuated, they are sent forward to the
spinning frame, where they are further drown out, receive
the twist requisite to give strength to the yam, and are
wound upon the bobbins. A yard of these slivers is thus
drawn out into about 2,000 ywda of yam. — Q. T.]
49 Hunt, Enoch, Natlsttorth — Inventor and
Manufacturer.
A gig-mill, on an improved principle, for dressing
cloth, by which the process of dressing with teasles is
prnposed to be finished in considerably leas time than
usual, and without removing the cloth from the machino.
50
Elliott & Heys, 93 Mill Street, Manchester-
Inventors and Patentees.
Improved loom.
,51 Taylor, J., ] ictoria Jioad, Leeds-
Speuimens of heckles.
-Manufacturer.
52 JuDKiNS, Charles Fiot, Manchester — Patentee.
Heald machine. —The machine shown in the drawing,
fig. 1, is so constructed as to double and twist the single
yam, and at certain points it braids or plaits the yam, thus
forming the eye or loop of the heddles, without knots of
any description, the whole shade or leaf being of one
continuous cord. The drawing also shows a small sample
of the healds made by the machine, with the eye or loop,
as described, which is coated, lined, or covered with a
metallic substance suitable for the purpose, which coating
or covering has also been patented by the same party.
The assumed advantages of these healds are as follows : —
One set will outlast fifteen sets of anj other sort ; more
yards of cloth can be produced through them per week,
and at the same time the cloth is more perfect, and will
weigh heavier per piece, owing to there being less friction
upon the warp than is usually caused by the ordinary
healds.
Set of healds produced by the machine.
Patent sulf-acting machine, for closing metal upon the
eyes or loops of healds.
Sewing machine (Fig. 2). — Tliis machine is very simple
in its construction, and suited to sewing either a circle.
curve, or straight line, at the rote of 500 stitches per
minute. But for a circle or curve the straight rack is
removed, and one of a circular form applied to the side of
the machine. This rack, in which the cloth is placed, is
moved forward by means of a spring, at a given distance
for every stitch. There are two threads employed, one
of which is carried in the shuttle, and the other taken
from a reel on the top of the machine, and passed through
the cloth by the point of the needle, so that when it is
withdrawn ttoia the cloth both threads have been locked
together, forming a firm and durable stitch.
Simple of Healda.
Fig. 2.
Judkins' Sewing Machine.
53
Plenty, James & Edward Pellew, Newbury,
Berks — Inventors.
Machine for tarring yarn.
54 Robinson, Richard, BcI/i.m, Ireland — Inventor,
Designer, and Manufacturer.
Flax-seediug machine, intended as a substitute for the
common process of beating off the seed vessels, or rippling
them on an iron comb, and then breaking them to release
the seed. These operations are performed at once by this
machine. It may also be used for crushing linseed, corn,
or beans for feeding.
/ — Inventor,
KiNdDOM.] Class 6.— MANUFACTURING MACHINES AND TOOLS.
NoKTH Aheab A. B. 10 TO 31 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; G. H. 25, 2(5.
Flax atra,w (Linum usitatissitnum ; Vr. Faille dc hii ; Oer.
yiachstrop), grown in the county Down, Ireland, to
show the application of the machine.
Kobiiuon'a FUx-seeding Machine.
55 BiNNS, William, Bradford — Manufacturer.
Six-pitch wool combs, used in the preparation of wool
for the Bradford worsted stuff trade.
56 Bbowne, Thomas Beale, Hampden Andovei's Ford,
Cheltenham, Gloucestershire — Inventor.
Loom for sail-cloth,
Tarpauling, without seam.
Flax tube sacks of mixed flax and hemp, wove with-
out seam.
Flax coats, perfectly waterproof.
Flax damasks, cambrics, velvets, and cords.
57 & 58 Gaimes, Sanders, &, Nicol, Birchin Lane,
Cornhill — Manufacturers.
A model showing the ru a ufacture of silk hats on cork
and linen bodies, with the workmen as employed in tii.-
diSerent processes.
A model showiuf? the .n-ui' facture of felt caps or
jerries, with the ■, orKmen ;ji.ployeJ m the processes of
bowing, felting, blookiiig, k<:.
Finished ventilating loi, on cork body covered with
French velvet. Finiahc'l felt cap or jerry, with samples
of the different matennls of which it is compoEed.
Model of a hat fp?*ory.
59
Smith, J , Orchard Street, Oalston, Ayrshire,
Scotland — Inventor.
Improved spelf-machine, applicable to fabrics of small
design, out of the range of traddles.
60 Gatenby & Pass, Manchester — Manufoctui-ers.
Reeds or combs, applied for weaving textile fabrics,
manufactured by steam-power. Designee to improve the
appearance of the cloth, and allow coarser yams to pass
through the same reeds than can be done by ihe ordinary
method.
61
Iles, Charles, Bardesleij Works, Hi.-iuwjhnm —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Machine for sticking pins in circular tablets, to be
worked by steam power. The use of the above machine
it to fill patent circular embossed tablets or pin-holdera
of an ornamental character, which are made of various
materials, but generally card-board.
62 DiCKlNS, T., Miildleion, Lancashire —
Inventor.
Working model of a mill, or apparatus for warping silk
or other fibixjus threads, by which a largo number of bob-
bins may be employed; exhibited for equality of tension,
accuracy, and ease in working.
63 Ricqe & Co., Kendal — Manufacturers.
Sheets of cai'd, of different qualities, used for carding
wool.
[The card for cotton wool is a peculiar instrument,
formed of a leather foundation, in which are insei-ted
large numbers of minute wre teeth. Cards ai'e employed
for the purpose of straightening out the fibres of cotton
wool into a uniform sheet or lap. In cotton machinery,
the card is applied to the surface of a wooden drum,
which acts upon similar drums, and which presents the
cotton in a smooth and uniform sheet of great slender-
ness. In some ingenious machines the leather is cut,
perforated; the wire bent, cut, and inserted by auto-
matic arrangements. — R. E.]
64 Cross, Charles, 19 Gutter Lane, Choapside —
Producer.
Model of loom for plain weaving.
Model of loom for Jacquard weaving.
65 Seable, Henry, Hoxton Old To!™— Mantifactiu-er.
Lint machine, with the material in process of manufac-
ture.
66 Watkins, W. & T., Bridge St., Bradford— Imoniova.
Ironstone porcelain guides, used in the roving and
spinning of worsted, silk, cotton, flas, &c.
67 VlCTOBT, J., St. Lconiird's, Ilnstings-
Specimens of lathe tools.
68
-Manufacturer.
Jaquin, Cornelius, 7 iVeio Street, Bishopsfjatn
Street — Designer and Manufacturer.
Fly-press for punching metal, &c., for buttons.
Lever press, for raising, drawing, piercing, &c., discs of
metal for buttons.
Various tools, in sets, as used and fitted to the ma-
chines. Various specimens of articles as produced by
the machines. Loop for label made by machinei-y.
69
Slate, J. — Manufacturer.
Twine-reels.
70 Steane, J. Burgess, Nottingham — Inventor.
Carding machine, used in "making-up" or boarding
gimps, bindings, or fanoy trimmings.
71 Thom, J.
Sulphuring apparatus.
-Inventor.
72 Taylor, Eowabd, Kinghom, Scotland — Manufacturer.
Superior heckles for linen manufacture ; two of these
are for hand-dressing, and the rest for the finest descrip-
tion of machine heckling.
73 Smith, J. W., 48 Fleet Street, Leicester — Inventor.
Needles, for stocking-frumes.
74 Plummer, Robert, Kctrcastk-upon-Tunc — Inventor.
Patent machines, viz., rotary disc scutching machine,
for flax, hemp, &c ; with straw holders, and with straw
to scutch. Flax-breaking machine, for fiax straw pre-
vious to being scutched. Flax-cutting machine, for
preparing flax for the cut-flax heckling machine. Heck-
ling machine, for dressing flax, hemp, &c. ; witli flnx
holdei-s, and with flax to dross. Flnx holders, of various
improved forms, showing the application of gutta i.ercliii
to these implements.
y 2
276
Class 6.-MANUPACTURIN0 MACHINES AND TOOLS. [United
North Areas A. B. 10 to 31 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; G. H. 25, 26.
The en^^ving exhibits the metal disc for soutchinf;
H^z, with the brushes fitted to it. The disc is seen in
flg. 1 from above.
The cut, fig. 2, represents a front elevation of the rotary
disc aoutohing mill. A is an axle having its bearings in an
■ fig.-'.
Fig. H.
independent framing, A and k i, of metal ; the upper portion
being made open with alining of dials, /, /; the metal piece
m, m, at the front end being secured by three bolts can
be readily removed for the purpose by changing the
brushes in the discs. The framing is Rtiffened by croHs
pieces, n, n\ '., b, arfi pulioys by which ii rotatory motion
io imparted to the axles. The top, i, of the scutching
board, h, is placed a little above the centre of the axle,
A. The heckle or comb o> is composed of steel wire.
Fig. 3 is .. front, and fig. 4 is a side elevation of an
improved flax-breaking machine. The letters h, c, and d,
are placed upon the grooved metal rollers, to which the
flax is presented, as seen in flg. 4, by the direction of
the arrow.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 6.
Figs. 5 & 6 represent improved holders fo^ flax heckling.
Fig. 7.
Figs. 7 & 8 represent a side and end elevation of the
double cylinder heckling machine, adapted to the dressing
cut or short flax, in which elastic brushes are combined
with rigid heckles. There are two revolving cylinders,
fti i', mounted in a framework a, a; added totlieir peri-
(ilieries are sets of rigid heckles, <•', intermixed with the
Kingdom.
Class 6.— MANUFACTURING MACHINES AND TOOLS.
North Areas A. B. 10 to 31 ; C. P. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; G. H. 25, 26.
277
gets of elastic brushes o, o (in any way that may be deemed
most advisable). The cylinders are also made to revolve
inwardly or in opposite directions, and the rows of brushes
and heckles on the one cylinder are placed in an alter-
nating order in regard to those of the other cylinder, as
before described. There are also loose stripping bars
viith guards, that, besides regulating the depth to which
the heckles or brushes shall penetrate, doff or throw
down the tow from the brushes and heckles, and two
smaller cylinders b* b* fitted with brushes for cleaning the
working lirushes and heckles c, c'.
Fig. 8.
Cue of the cylinders,' 6', may, if required, be made to
oscillate by means of the link A', h', which, as it rises and
falls with the lifter to which it is attached, moves the cy-
linder in a horizontal direction to and from the other cy-
linder; the bearings of the oscillating cylinder being made
to slide, and attached by a rod to the radius arm to which
the stud pin of the wheel m' is fixed, the whole of the
wheels, A', h, m', and n', are thus kept in gear, to answer
the varying position of the oscillating cylinder. Rotation
is given to the rotating parts of this machine as in the one
first described, but the holder is made to tiaverse or
move forward in the trough (which movement may also
be applied to the brushing machine) by the combination
of a bell crank movement with the rising and falling
motion of the trough, as afterwards described. The
mechanism for lifting the trough A, is shown in fig. 8,
and consiAts of a combination of pinions H ks, wheels m,
n, cam p, straps o, pulleys 7, and levem r, s, such as is
ordinarily used in heckling machines, and well known.
When the trough is raised, it pushes up a rod x, which is
conuected to the long arm of the bell crank y, mounted
on a standai'd afiized to the top of the frame-work a,
when a weight W, which is attached to the opposite end
of the ai-m, falls over, and causes the short arm of the
bell crank to pull in a rod z\ which draws forward a
fiiiRer bar x (of the ordinary construction) to an extent
sufficient to advance the holder the breadth of one sot of
heckles or brushes. The tow and shive or dirt doffed or
tliruwn down from the hecklea or brushes is in this case
received upon an endless chain of bars t, t (instead of the
inclined grating reprt^aented in the machine first de-
scribed), which bars extend the whole length of the
machine under the heckles and brushes, and are connected
together by two side bands t*, t*. The chain of bars
revolves round two friction pulleys e. r, and tiikes into
two pinions h, m (one on eacli side) ; by means of which
pinions rotation is given to the chain from tlie same first
mover by which the other parts of the machine are put
in motion. The shive or dirt falls throuRh between the
bars on to the floor, while the tow is carried forward on
the top of the bara, and delivered into the trough T'.
To separate the tow doffed from each set of hecklci or
brushes, the space between the endless chain of bars and
the cylinders is divided by partitions ««, a", fig, I , into
as many compartments as there are sets of heckles or
brushes; and the receiving trougli T| is also divided into
a corresponding number of compartments.
A view of the holder, for this machine, is given in
fig. 0, a cross section, and fig. G, a longitudinal section.
It consists of two plates, Nom. 1 and 2, conn.'cted
traveraely by a screw bolt S, and having flanges A, A,
at their upper edges, by meauH of which they ore sup-
ported in the trough /(. The plato No. 'i has two flanges
B, B, one on each end, which come within the flanges
A, A, of the plate No. 1. and thereby confine the streak
at the edg?s, The inner face of the plate No. 2 is
planed perfectly true, and covered with folt, cloth, or
some otlier loft or yielding material; 1 jt the plate No. 1
is made on its inner face with flat beads 0, and flat
.grooves D, in alternate order, so that the streak of flax or
other material may bo the more firmly compressed
lietweeii the plates wdthoiit being unduly crimped. At
their under edges E, the plates u > chamfered off to
ulm't of the holder coming lower clown. By this mode
of co)v,truction, the jnns or stiuis ordinarily iiiade use of to
confine the outer edges of the streaks, are dispensed with,
rad a greater breadth is obtained wliereon to spread the
streaks, and the holder is also narrowed and rendered
.uort easy to work.
Ra V materials in illustration: — English flax seed. Flax
ftrawfroniNortluimberlandand Durham; and flax fibre pud
Iressed line, liussian, Irish, and New Zealand !iax, as im-
ported, and when rescutched ; alsi >Kus8ian hemj^. rescutched .
Manufactures in illustration : — Yarn, froni flax dressed
iiy the patent heckling machine; and canvo.-) woven from
^he same. Yarns, spun on Peter Fairbairn & Co.'s
(Leeds) new patent long line, rotatory gill, spinning
.Vame; and canvas made from these yarns.
75
Lawson, Samuel, & Sons, Leeds — Inventors and
Manufacturers.
Patent heckling machine for long flax.
Spii-al flax-spreader ;'or loiifj-flax. The patent spiral or
screw-gill frame was invented by Samuel Lawson and W.
K. Westley in 1833. The spiral gill machine is adapted
for drawing flax, tow, hemp, and silK waste. The sheet
spreader or table w,ifl invented and used by Mr. Westley,
at Hunslet Mill, neai- Leeds, in 1821. This simple con-
trivance was a great boon to the poor females employed
in spreading flax, for by its assistance they can either sit
or stand in a comfortable position ; whereas, on the old
plan, or long-board spreading, c-.,e girl was obliged to
walk at least from 20 to 30 miles per day, in an inclined
position, to spread one-tenth of the flax which she now
0 fleets in a sitting posture.
Spiral or screw-gill second drawing-frame for long flax.
Spiral or screw-gill roving-frame for long ttax, with
an improved spindle-steadier.
Circular iron tow-card, clother! with patent iron cloth-
ing made by Birkby.
Patent double-screw tow drawing-frame
Patent roving-frame, with improved spindle-steadier.
Tow spinning -frame, for dry spimiing, with improved
tension-pulley, for driving spindles which are always kept
up to their speed.
Flax-cutter.
Pair of patent cylinder heckling machines " cut flux.
Spiral spreader for cut flax.
Spiral second drawing-fr »' le for cut flax.
Patent spiral sliver rovhiffrau e for cut flax, invented
by \V. K. Westley.
Spinning-frame for ine Nos. of yi :'n, with improved
plan of driving the spindles, calcul ited for spinning the
sliver rove.
Twisting-frame for making thread , with improved plan
of driving the spindles.
[Common flax is the delicate tenacious fibre surrounding
the stems of the Lin'im usitntissimiim, a plant which is ex-
t>'nsively cultivated in different parts of the woi .., not
onlv forthe sake of its fibre, but alt-o for its tioed (liriseedt,
...^
if
- Hi
878
Class 6.— MANUFACTURINCJ MACHINES AND TOOLS. [United
NoKTH Areas A. B. 10 to 31 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; G. H, 25, 26.
the oil of which is much used. Great Britain ia supplied
with flax from RuBiin, the NntherlondH, Prussia, and
FraT ce; small quantities ore also received from America,
Ita'j-, and New South Wales. The cultivation of flax
al 0 fonns an important port of the agriculture of Ireland.
When the crop has been pulled, the bolls or seed-heads
Are separated by rippling. The riprie is an instrument
like a comb, with smooth round teeth of iron standing
about 12 inches out of the wood, and placed so closely
together, that the bolls cannot pass through. By drawing
the flax, a handful at a time, through the teeth of this
comb t) .e seed-heads are separated from the stalks.
The flax is then steeped, or retted, in ponds or in run-
ning streams, in order that the fibre may be .separated from
the woody portion of the stem. When the flax is ex-
posed to the influence of dews and rain, instead of being
steeped, it is called dew retting. In mixed retting tb'- flax
is first macerated in water, and the retting is completed
in the air.
When the flnx is dry, the woody portion, or the boon,
is separated by breakiug. The common brake consists of
four wooden swords fixed in a frame to which another
frame with three swords is attached by means of a joint,
the blades of one frai . playing into the interstices of the
other The flax being placed between the two fmmes,
the ipper frame is pushed down upon the lo.vor, and by
n.o',ingthe flax about, and repeating tho operation, the
bo >n is broken into fragments. The boon is also broken
up moic expeditiously by passing the flax between rollers.
The objecv of the next operation, scutching, is to sepa-
rate the broken boo '. Tliis is done by striking the
bruised flax with the edge of a flat wooden swor.l or
scutcher, or when the oj- ation of breaking; i.t jierformed
by rollers that of scut.'hing is combined tl'.erewith: a
number of arms projocting from a lutrizontal axis are
ma'le to strike the stalks in a slanting direction until the
useless jmrta are bea+eu away.
The lax is next divided into lengths. The whole
length of the flax varies from 20 to 30 or 'M inuhos. The
part u»^arest the root is coarse and strong, the middle
part flni. and strong, and the upper part still finer but
not so strong, llie flax is divided into three lengths,
and the parts from the bottom, middle, and top being
collected into separate heaps, or stricks, several qualities
of thread ivre afterwards formed from them. In some
cases flax is divided into four or five lengths, called mid-
dle, ends, and middle and end-middles. In making these
lengths, the ends are required to be rough or jagged; for
which purpose the flax is held at both ends, and oasfed
between two pairs of wheels, situated one pair on each
side of a wheel furnished with oval teeth : the two pair
of wheels hold the flax ftnuly while the centre wheel,
moving with great velocity, divides or tears the flax
asunder.
The C. ^ no\ i.eckled. By tlie process ofhecklinp,
the fllam> uts of tlax are cleaned split, separated into
fine fibi^.-. and arranged in [,•.?•:. el order. The short
fibres «)•■!. are unfit for spinning, together with dust
or dirt, are also removed. The her kle, or hackle, is a
comb with iron or steel ieeth one or two inohes long,
veiy shaq) and smooth at the points, and arranged at
ec{ual distanees upon a block (jf wootl. A number of
heckles are in use of various degi-ees (if fineness. In
using the heekle, tlie man seizes a striek, or look of flax,
by the middle, tlirows it upon the imintH of the coarse
heckle and draws it towards him, at the same time with
the other hand Hprt.ailing tlie ila.\ and preventing it frum
sinking too deeply among th-^ teeth. By this operation
the flax la divided into two parts, namely, the short
fibres forming tow, which remains between the points of
the heckle, and is from time to time removed, and the
long fibres called line, which remains in the hand of the
heckler. One half of the length of the •trick being pro-
perly heckled, the other half is turned round and pre-
pared in a similar way. The process is then repeated on
the fine heckle, and continued until a fibre of the re-
quired degree of fineness is produced.
In the heckling machine, a portion of the strick it
spread out and held fast in an iron vice or holder. A
number of these are then conveyed to a sort of revolving
drum, and hooked on at distanoes of a few inches from
each other, their unsupported ends falling on on internal
drum covered with sharp heckling teeth, and revolving
with considerable velocity, and in a contrary direction
to the external one, the motion of which is slow. When
one machine has performed its work, the holder is
thrown off upon a rail from which the machine-minder
removes it to the second heckling machine, where the
other side of the strick is heckled; from the serond it is
removed to a third, where the points are finer, and so on
until the line is sufBciently fine.
The tow produced in the above operation being similar
to cotton in its fibre, cotton machinery in a modified
form has been applied to the spinning of tow.
The heckled line is sorted according to its fineness, and
is then converted into ribands or slivers. For this pur-
pose it is arranged upon a feeding-cloth in such a way,
that the ends of the second strick shall reach the middle
of the first. As the heckled stricks are thicker in the
middle th.'.u at the ends, a uniform thickness is thus pre-
served. The fiax is passed between one pair of rollers,
which deliver it through gills or heckling points to a
second pair, which, moving with greater speed than the
first, increase the length and diminish the thickness of
the sliver, which is received into a tin can. A number of
these cans being filled, the slivers are doubled and drawn,
as in the manufacture of cotton yam. The spinning of
flax does not greatly differ from the throstle-spinning of
cotton; but as the fibres of flax have not the same ten-
dency to combine together as in cotton, it is necessary to
moisten them with water to make them adhei-e to each
(ither during the process of spinning, and also to render
them more pliable and easy to twist. The water used is
either of the ordinary temperature of the atmosphere of
tho mill, or is warmed to 120° Fahr. The water is con-
tained in a trough v'*>ich extends the whole length of
the spinning frame.
Yam is made into linen thread by doubling; it is then
bleached and formed into balls or wound upon reels into
hanks. The size or fineness of linen yam is reckoned by
tlie number of leas to the pound weight; this varies from
15 to 150 or 240, and from that to 300 and -.00.— C. T.]
77 Pabker, C. E. & C, DimJee, yt'i)</ii»Kf— Inventoi-s
uud Manufacturers.
Parker's patent mathematical power-loom for weaving
navy sail-cloth, and other heavy fabrics. The warp is
delivered fi'om four beams at the same time, or frjm
bobbins without any beams. The delivery of the warp is
reguliu' and uniform, which secures uniformity in the
wefting, the mmiber of weft-tlireads being the same in
any given space. The taking-up i !.>tion is so unimged
that tile tension or strain on the \^ up may i-eadily bo ad-
justed to yams of diB'erout strengtlis or cloth of different
weights, and unifornily mainttvined from tU* beginning to
tho end of the web. The loom is self-actinK in all its
pai'ts, and from tho coiuineneeinent to tlie tonuination of
tlie wob, no change or alteration is retpiired.
It/ — Iuveutoi-8
Kingdom.] Class 6.— MANUFACTURING MACHINES AND TOOLS.
North Areas A. B. 10 to 31 ; C. 1). E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; O. H. 25, 26.
879
78 CuAWHALL, Joseph, Newcaatte-upon-Tijne —
Inventor.
Impruvud patent machine for manufacturing ropes.
80 Davenport, Joseph L., Derhij — Manufacturer.
Silk-throwing machinery, for the conversion :>f raw silk
into threads, motle at Derby, by Mr. William Abell.
Engine for winding and cleaning. Mill for spinning or
twisting one or more threads.
Frame for doubling or uniting on one bobbin two or
more threads, either before or after the process of spinning.
Machine for reeling the thrown thread into skeins.
"Dramming" apparatus, for ascertaining the relative
thickness of the silken threads.
[The history of the manufacture of silk in England has
peculiar associations with the town of Derby. Until the
commencement of the eighteenth century, England was
dependent entirely upon Italy for thrown silk for the
purposes of the weaver. Machinery mode at that time in
England failed to accomplish the manufacture satisfac-
torily. A Mr. Lombe went to Italy, succeeded by artifice
in gaining admission to the mills, and gained on entire
insight into the method of manufacture. Escaping at the
hazard of his life, he rettuned to England; erected a large
mill on the Derwent, near Derby, where the manufac-
ture was shortly established, and soon attained great
prosperity. The machinery now employed for this piu--
pose is of great ingenuity, and exhibits the peculiar
characteristics of the mechanical workmanship of Great
Britain.— R. E.]
82 Barlow, Alfred, 26 Bread Street — Inventor.
Patent double-action Jacquard loom, for the expeditious
weaving of figured goods by the use of counterpoised griffs
and apparatus for simultaneously raising and lowering
different portions of the suspending wires; applying two
barrels or cylinders and two sets of cards; and con-
structing hooked wires for giving motion to the harness
or heddles.— Patented in Great Britain, Iraland, th«
colonies, France, Belgium, Prussia, and Austria.
The figure represents the upper part of the loom,
showing its peculiar principles.
84
Frost, J., Macclesfield — Inventor.
Models of improved silk winding machine and cleaning
frame.
Model of a machine spinning and doubling at one opera-
tion.
Model of a throwing mill, in which the spindles are
turned by friction.
Throwing mill, with spindles turned by friction. Iron
roller inlaid with wood, placed in segments, turns a
spindle with iron warf, is stated to give regular spin,
take less power, and stands in less space than common
throwing mills.
Improved winding engine.
Cleaning tram: the cleaners are fitted up with a slop,
so as to be fixed on the guide rail, to answer the purposu of
the eye or guide.
Spinning and doubl. j machine, which works two opera-
tions by one process, and can be converted into a tram
doubler.
85 Reed, Thomas Sadler, Siddal'a Lane Mills, Derby
— Inventor.
Patent power-loom, for making fringes and like fabrics
without the use of shuttles.
86 Claussen, P., 26 Gresham Street — Patentee and
poi-tly Inventor.
Circular hand-loom, for weaving looped fabrics, elswtio
cloth, &c. — ^Manlove and Alliott, proprietors.
87 Gardner & Bazley, Nuttiiigham.
A 48-spindles' doubling-frame, for the production of
lace-thread, in which the motion is coiuuuinicated to the
spindles by conical contact, without the aid of cords or
bands. During the Exhibition, it will be worked, and
will produce No. 160 lace-thread.
88 Hudson & Bottom, yottinjhain.
Lace-dressing macliino.
S9
Carver, Thomas & Thomas Gilbert, Xottii>gham-
Proprietors and Manufacturers.
Model frame for weaving stockings.
90 Ball, Dunnicliff, & Co., Nottmjham — Manufac-
turers.
AVai'p-lace machine, making plain blonde.
9 1 CowsLADE & LovEJoy, Rending, Berks — Inventors.
Self-inking platen hand-printing press, consisting of an
adaptation of an inking apparatus to the ordinary press.
By one tui-n of a handle attached to a spindle, the carriage
and tympan are rolled simultaneously in opposite direc-
tions, the type receiving ink at one end of the platen, and
the tympan the blank sheet at the other. A revei-sed
iiction of the spindle brings them together, beneath the
l)laten, there to receive the impression. The printed
Hhoet is freed from the form by springs attached to the
tympan, which rises with the platen.
H.ulo\v s I'.ileiit Double-action .larquaril Loom.
92 Sewbll, Thomas RoBfcKi, Oirriniiton, near
yoitiiiijlmm — Inventor and Maniifacturer.
Machine for nifJting bobbin-net lace. Figured and
plain net, made by the machine.
2H0
Clash 6.— MANUFACTURING MACHINKS AND TOOLS. [United
NoiiTii Abeas a. B. 10 TO 31 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 ro 33 ; O. H. 25, 20.
04 BiRKiN, Richard, Nottingham — Manufacturer.
Mitchine, on Loavur's principle, for the production of
bobbin-net lace, ornamented and embroidered by the
Juc(iii»rd ; adapted for the production of lace articlet) of
ditfurent patterns, in either Hilk, cotton, or other fila-
mentary niaterinla.
95 FussELL, F. Ralph, NiAtiiujhnm — Designer.
T\ro piuturuH illuHtrativo of the Nottingham lace manu-
facture.
06 Burton & Eahes, I.cntim Worhs, near Kuttimjham
— Proprietont.
Patent Kiwsing ninchine, for burning the loose fibre from
lnci>, miiHliiiH, and other goods, thereby giving them a
more throiul-lilce apiwoiunce, without injuring the fabric.
Exhibited to show the process of gitssing lace, as pitustised
in the town and neighbourhood of Nottingham.
[The operation of " gassing " consists in causing lace,
thread, or similar delicate tissues, to pass with such velo-
city through or between jets of gas as to singe off the
loose fibres, without inj\iry to the fabric itself. It was
formerly effected by passing the fabric over heated iron
cylinders, — R. E.]
100 Fourorinier, (}. H., IltmU'ij — Inventor and
Miinufiiotiiror.
Patent steam press, for priuting tiie impressions which
are to be transfen-ed to earthenware or china.
Patent oscillating double-piston steam-engine, with
pottera' flint oud colour mill.
Original model of the exhibitor'H patent paper machine.
Specimen of the exhibitor's pottery tis.suo paper, in one
continuous length of upwards of 2^ miles. Moimfoctured
from old coal-pit ropes and hawsers.
[The pottery tissue paper is prepared exclusively for
the pm'pose of transferring the impressions of designs
from copper plates to earthenware in producing the
ordiu.iry patterns.]
102
Harding, Pitllein, ft Johnson, Guildhall
(7/i limbers — Proprietors .
Patent apyrotj-pe machinery. Self-acting machine for
the manufacture of printing type from copper, zinc, or
other mebd, without neat, by means of dies and powerful
pressure; its object is to produce a letter of more exact
form than usual ; and it is stated that the metal, hard-
ened by the compression to which it is subjected in the
process of manufacture, attains a durability estimated at
sixty times tliat of ordinary cast tj'pe.
Machine for dressing the letter after leaving the first
macliine.
Macliine for regulating the height of the tyi)e8, so that,
when set up in pages, their faces may be perfectly even.
Other objects contemplated by this invention are eco-
nomy of type and ink, and greater resistance to pressure.
10.'{ Underwood, T., ilinniinjhtiin.
Lithographic colour press.
104 Sherwin, Cope, & Co., 5 Cumberluml Street,
Shoreditch — Inventors and Manufacturers,
Printing press, for letter-press printing, possessing a
simple combination of lovers, and economising labour.
Arraina-press, for lionkbinders. By tlie simplicity of
its parts iireat jiowhi' is olitained, and the arrangement
of it.s table allo\vn ut' dillercut thioknenses to lay on.
108 TiDcoMUE, Geo,, Wuffurd — Manufacturer.
Machine for cutting paper in the continuous sheet,
[Paper manufactured by machine is made into a con-
tinuous web the widtli of the machine. Ah it runs from
the drying apparatus it pauei through the cutting-
machine, where it id lint slit into several continuous
bands: this is effected by means of a series of circular
shears formed of circular discs of steel, a^ustable on two
parallel axes common to the series. The bands then paM
on to a kind of shears placed transversely, and acting at
predetermined intervals, the pai>er being arrested at the
point of division by the mechanism, without stopping its
onwai-d progress through the slltting-shears. Mr. T. B.
Crompton, in cotijunctiou with Mr. £. Miller and Mr.
(now l>rofeasor) Cowper, obtained patents in the same
year, 1828, for the cutting apparatus applicable to the
above purpose : since this period several other very inge-
nious machines have been devised. — W. D. L. R.J
110
SiLAW, W., 8 liuchelor'i Walk, Dublin—
Manufacturer.
Improved uuwhine for ruling pappr.
112
WllJiON, O., 27 St, Martin's Court, Leicater
Siiuare — Inventor and Patentee.
Diagonal paper and mill -board cutting machine. Per-
pendiculai- paper-cutting machines.
114 Qreio, David & John, Lothian Road, Edinburgh —
Designers and Manufacturers.
Iron lithographic press, :!0 inches by 45 inches, with
Gothic frame, eccentric pressure by side lever, and frame
for registering coloured priuting, counter-balance weights
for bringing out carriage, and stop^Mirs,
Iron lithographic press, 22 inches by 2:i inches, with
side levers, circular cross-head, ornamental frame, and
stoppers for stopping carriage.
Iran lithographic press, 18 inches by 27 inches, with
side lever, a kind of press much used.
Specimen of 18 -inch copper-plate press, with single
motion.
Portable fanners for cooling apartments in hot climates,
suggested by Captain Davidson, 18th Bombay Infantry,
116
Marriott, Williabi, Leeds Road, Hitddersfield —
Inventor,
Registered machine for packing in paper packets any
dry substance, such as cofiee, ciiicory, &c. ; with an
improved and continuous printing appai'atus for priuting
the label before pasting it on the packet.
118 CooRB, H., High Street, Oxford — Inventor.
Printing appai-atua of a new construction, designed to
give increased facilities to the compositor.
120 NEI.SON, T., jun., Ilupe I'ark End, Edinburgh —
Inventor.
Working model of a new printing machine. Illumi-
nated book -titles.
121 Ui.LMER, E. and W., 110 Fetter Lane, London—
Inventore.
Self-inking press.
122 Ingram, Mkrbert, IQ8 Strand — Proprietor.
A printing macliine, on the vertical principle, as used
at the "Times" office.
The chief advantage of this new arrangement is, that
the whole motion or circuit of the type can be made
available for printing, whereas, in the flat machine, more
tliiui hall' the motion of the reciprocating type table is
lost: and the rea«on for placing the cylinder in a vertical
po.sition is to obtain more ciwy access to the typo, inking
rollers, and other parts of the machine, and to permit
more in>preK.sing cylinders to be arranged ai'ound the
KisoDOM.] Clabb 6.— MANUPACTURINO MACHINES AND TOOLS,
Nonrii Areah A. T». 10 to 31 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; O. II. 25, 26.
type drum than can be done when it ia fixed hori-
xuntally.
The oiroumferenoe of the central drum, or path of the
type, is exactly 200 inches; — in the machines at the
"Times" office eight impressing cylinders surround the
type, which therefore print eight sheets at every revo-
lution ; but in those machines the type is not truly
oylindrio, but is tegn-mtal, which involves the necessity
of using large cylinders, but when the type is purely oy-
liudric smaller impression rollers may be used, and the
produce verv much increased.
The mucnine which is erected in the Exhibition is
mode to print circular woodcuts and type in the best
manner. Each of the four impressing oylindors has 50
inches space for itself and its attendant inking rollers,
and the form has the advantage of receiving its ink or
colour from several rollers, each of which ia wtll diitributed
or evenly covered with ink.
The vertical position of the inking rollers also conduces
greatly to the production of good work; fur the type or
engraving is only touched on its extreme surface, while,
on the flat principle, where the inking rollers act by
gravity, the sides of the tvpe are liable to receive colour.
Another advantage is, that any dust in the paper is
Hbuken out by the act of stopping, and falls upon the
floor in place of being deposited upon the inking rollers
and distributing table as in the flat machine : this is in
practice a real advantage, for .'>0,000 impressions have
been taken without once >ttopping to brush out the form
or table. Another technical advantage in the printing
of wood engravings, where delicate ovfrldi/iiuf is required,
is that the impressing cylinders are in direct connection
with the type drum, so that no irregularity of motion can
occur, and the overlays can be placed precisely where
required without any fear of derangement.
Attention \» also directed to the superior smoothness of
the action of the vertical machine, as compared with the
heavy blows produced in a flat or reciprocating machine
at each change of motion in the ponderous type table and
its appendages.
The action of the machine is very simple, the " layer
on" draws a sheet of paper towards a small roller in rapid
motion, which descends and causes the paper to enter
between the vertical tapes which carry it downwards,
when, having arrived at the proper position, it is suddenly
stopped by narrow upright strins of wood, which advance
and slightly compress the sheet between them, the vertical
tapes at thu Mume moment releasing it; — the stoppers are
then in their turn withdrawn, leaving the sheet of paper
momentarily suspended by two small pulleys, mounted on
delicate springs called Anger rollers. The sets of vertical
rollers seen in rapid motion on each side of the sheet now
advance against it, n'-\ impel it si<IewayH towards the
impressing cylinder, where it receives the impression
from the typo; the sheet continues its side motion,
supported only by a single pair of tapes, which at the
proper place are stopped, leaving the printed sheet sus-
pended until the "taker off" draws it down upon the
takingoif table.
The diagram below will explain the action of the ma-
chine employed for the "Times;" A, A, A, represent the
position of the laying-on tables.
The chases which hold the type are made with circular
beds, and are securely fixed to tne iron rings of the type
drum. The column rules are converted by means of
screws into tension bars, and they bind the sides of the
chase or type-holder together, so that each column can
be set up by means of a screw at its foot to any required
degree of pressure. The inking rollers, which are seen
in a vertical position between the impressing cylinders,
are caused to press against the oype and distributing
table by long coiled springs, adjusted to a proper tension;
they receive the ink from a circular distributing surface
filaced opposite to the type, aud which, during its revo-
ution, rises up and down by travelling upon an undu-
lating railway. The ink is deposited upon the diotribut-
ing table by a roller which occasionally vibrates against
the doctor roller of the ink-box.
The wheels which connect the type drum and the
impressing cylinders are beneath the machine, motion is
communicated to the ink-box by the upper bevil wheel
seen on the spindle of the type drum, and to the feeders
by the lower bevil wheel.
The vertical prinoiple admits of great variety of con
struction, and is equally applicable to perfecting machines
for book work.
It is the patent invention of Mr. Augustus Applegath,
of Dartford. Manufactured by Mr. T. Middleton, of Lo-
man-street, Southwark.
le. Illumi-
ApplpKntli's Patent 1' iiiling Mnclilne.
. i
282
CumO.— MANUFAflTUniNG MACHINES AND TOOf.S.
NoitTH AnKA« A. H, 10 TO ;U ; ('. D. K. 1 to U), & lU to :f.T ; G. II. 25, 20.
[United
124 CbVMSR A Dixon, (i. 48., lO Fiiubiu-yStr tt,
Fiiuhiirif S-iititiY -I'utoiittiHH and Muiuifaoturer*.
Demy CulumbUn iiriiiting preM.
128 Rkomond, Amkdcx Franijou, Birmingham—
Inventor.
Working model, in wood, of a machine for dry-conient-
ing enveloptM, patented by the exliibitor. By thia pro-
ceaa, tlie envelunoa can be immediately folded without
requiring the tedioui process of drying, in common use.
130 DoNKiN, Brtan, & Co., flm/ion<l«<!^— Manufaotii'"r«)
and part Inventors.
Model of a machine for making pi^ior, with pat- '^'
improvements.
132 Bhbweb, Jank, 19 Stu-teij Place, Old Kitit R-iii
- -Manufacturer.
Endless bnuM wire cloth for a paper machine.
f^^raight laid, siiimlly laid, and wovn wire diindy
rollers, for producing in paper, niado by machine, Miu
"laid" watermark, devices, names, *c.
Laid and wove wire paper moulds, used in makin ;
]>iii>er by liand.
Wove wire of different degines of fineness.
[The use of dandy rollers of tlie kind describe^l is to
communicate to pnpur made by meclianicnl power the
"wire" and other marks generally supposed to indicate
the fact of hand-labour liaving been employed in the
manufacture of the papers. — R. E.]
134('owpKR, Edward, F.R.S., A"im./'s CoUecic, London,
.i:ul 9 Kenaiw/ton Park Rocul, Nutting //i7f— Inventor
and Patentee.
Model of the printing maubine now ingt^nend use. The
Catalogue of the Exhibition is printed by these machiues.
Tlie model was made by T. B. Winter, Ea<i., a student in
King's College, London.
[Tlie following U i brief review of the progress of print-
ing by machhtery : —in 1 7U(I, Niobnlson proposed placing
both the types and paper upm eyiindors, and also dis-
tributing and applying the ink by moims i>f cylinders.
\nother plan was to place the typuM upon a table, and the
I i|>er upon a cylinder, and to cause the tablo and type to
pitxH backward and forward under the |>.>[)er cylinder.
In 1813, Donkin and Bacon proposed placing the tyi)es
upon a prism, and causing it to revolve ugainst an irregu-
lar-shaped cylinder upon which the [uiper was placed.
Neither of the above machines came into use, but wi the
latter, Donkin introduced the " composition" inking
• illers {i.e. flantio rollers, made of treivcle and glue), for
distributing and ap|>tying the ink. In 1H14, Koenigniii>li<
the first working machine, and erected two of them ut
the office of " The Times" newapiipur, each of which pro-
duced l.HOO impressions per hour, and they continued in
use until 1827; he also made two machines for Mr. Bent-
ley, one producing SOU impressions pur hour, and the
other printing 8U0 sheets, both sides, per hour. In ISIti,
Cowjier made machines to print from curved stereotype
plates, and in 1818, one to print from ordinary type.
These machines printed from 800 to 1,000 sheets on both
sides, or from 2,0ll0 to 2,400 impressions on one side of
the sheet. Machines to print only one side are generally
called newspaper machines, and machines to print both
sides are called book machines.]
The cut represents one of these book machines; it con-
sists of a citMt-irun frame, about 14 feet lung and 4 feet
wide, in which on iron table slides backward and for.
Cowpei*ii Printinx Mac)iine.
ward, pas ling in its proj^'resa under two cast-iron cylin-
derrt, called the paiier cylinders. Two sets of type, tech>
nically caUoJ the fonn, ure fixed on the table at such a
distance from each other that one fonn pa«ses under one
cylinder and the other form under the other cylinder, the
sheet of paper being held on the cylinder by means of
tapes. At each end of the machine is a reservoir, or
trough, of ink, the trough being made by an iron rolier,
about 3 inches diameter, turning in contact with a flat iron
bar, which only allows a very small quantity of ink to
pitss ; this iron bar is the (Ojdiictur, but is counnnnly called
the "doctor," and the iron roller the " doctor" roller. An
elastic composition roller is made to vibmte between the
talde and the abductor roller, and conveys the ink from the
latter to the table. A number of composition rollei-s are
placed acrrws the table, their axes resting in notcliod Viear-
ings. As the table passes backward and forward under theso
rollers, the ink deposited by the vibrating roller becomes
very evenly spread upon the table. This spreading, or
diitribulion, as it is called, is effected by three or four of
the rallers (called the "distributing rollers") not only
having a motion round their axes, but also a motion in the
direction of the length of their axes, i.e., in an end motion.
This motion was produced in Mr. Cowijer's first machines
by giving an end motion to the frame, which supported
the distributing rollers. Mr, Ap])legath suggested the
more simple mode of placing the rollers in a diagonal or
sloping position across the tiible, and making the axis long
enough to slide in their notches. Three or four other
rollers, called the "inking •^jlleiu," have no end motion;
tl.cir office is to take the ink up from the tivble, and apply
it to the types. Thus the "taking," "distributing," luid
" inkin^^" is all done by the machine itself.
The sheet of paper is laid by a boy on a web of tapes,
whence it is carried forward, and enters between two sets
of tiipes; and as these tapes are carried round one paper
cylinder, and then over and under two wooden "drums"
to the other paper cylinder, the sheet of paper necessoi'ily
KisuDoM.j Cf.AMO.-MANUl-ACTiriUNO MACIIIN'Ka AND TOOLS.
North Abkah A, B. 10 to 31 ; C. I). K. I to 10, & 111 r.. 3.1 ; (J. II. 2r), 2fl.
5*1., a atudont in
triivoU with the tikptM, and the iheet i* thti« cnnveved
friim one |>a|>or cylimler to the othorj in the uiuii-He of it»
■ ■ ■ ' ■ ■ tie printed
iirogruHH, the «heot in turned over, rum iug <
iiuiir«MHi>'n on one lide from tlie flrst foriu, und
iiu|ir««H
I the Huoond
luipreHHliin on the other Hide of tint xheet from the Meuond
funii, ^ind tui the tapei lettve tlut mi nnd ovliuder they
ilividtr, iiikI the printed aheut fulls into the hands of
uuother Iwy.
The ma<;liine8 are commonly known om " Applegath
and Cuwper'n machinne."
[Mr. Napier'a machluo diffen trom Applegath and Cow-
iter'n: his niitohine ia deocribud in a Hoi>arate article. In
1S27, 0"*per & Applox'klh jointly invented the four-c;, Un-
der maci.ine, which Applogivth erected for printing " The
Tliuei" newBpii|)«r, It at once auperHeded Koenig'a ma-
chtnea, which were taken down. Thin machine printed
from 4,000 to 6,000 improasidiiM per hour. The diagram
will K ve a general idea of these mochintin, which ans itill
inuBo ..t "The Timea" office. They conaiat of a table,
moved backwards and forwnrdn under four iron cylinders
(called the pajier oylin ), about 9 inchea in diameter,
which are covered with cloth, and round which the
sheets of poper are I t^twoen tapea. The frm is fixed
rii one part of the tul '' liikiii); rollura lying on nno-
tlier part, on which liHtribiite the ink. Some of
these rollers are pliu . i . igonal position on the table,
80 that, na it mi)\«s baokwardH and I'm words, they have u
motion in the dii-ection of thi"i length, called the "end-
motion," which, combined with the rotiir.<iry /notion,
cauaea the ink to be more effectvially distributed. The
ink ia held in a reservoir or trough formed of an iron
roller, called the duotor, against wliich the edge of an
iron plate runts, and, by its preMsure, regulates tho
quantity of ink given out. The ink ia conveyed from the
ductor-roller to the table by means of an elaatio roller
vibrating between them. The feeding is performed by four
"layera-on," who lay the sheets of paper on the feeding
boards, whence they enter the machine between three pairs
of tapes, by which they are conveyed round the cylindei-s,
and thence to the spot whore the "takers-oft"' stand,
intii whose hands the sheets fall as the tapes sepanvte.
The last great improvement in rapid printing was in-
vented by Mr. Applegath, in May 1848, when he erected
at "The Times" office two vortical cylinder machines,
each producing 10,000 sheets per hour.]
l.'I5 Church &O0DDARD, birmimjham — Manufacturers.
Machine for cutting cardboards into cards for printing
and other purposes, capable of cutting from 300,000 to
Ii00,u00 cards per day, by the labour of one person.
Machine for manufacturing railway tickets, or printed
cards. It cuts, prints, numbers consecutively, counts,
and packs about eighty tickets per minute, without
waste.
Machine for dating railway tickets. It gives a clear
and distinct impression, which ia intended to prevent the
unpleasant disputes which frequently occur at railway
stations, in consequence of the illegtiiility of the date on
piisaeugers' tickets.
l;5G Taylor, W., Nottmjham — Designer and
Manufacturer.
Machine for forming hemispherical paper shades from
Hat discs of paper. Urnamental paper work, &c.
i;58 Black, James, Edinburgh — Manufacturer.
Patent folding machine.
1 40 Whitaker, Richard, Banj St. KJmuiulu — Inventor.
Patent bookbinding press, for rolling the backs of books,
cutting the edges, and impressing the ornaments on the
bock, int«)ndnd tn supemede tho lioinmerinK procesa.
I'l item' tyiiVH may be used, Mauufuuturod by Muasra.
M 'rdun and Hon, City It'^ad, Loudon.
14!' ^ hAKKH, SAt»VKi,,f<0 llit/uiptfitttt Strut Within
Manufikoturvr,
Bido-lever I thographic pmiiH, fitted with improved ra-
gidteriug-niachiMK, and »<l tpteil for every deacription of
culuiM' printing.
144 Uhbwkr, C. ft W., Miihilm \Vm/.», Larkhall Lane,
Cliiphitm — Ptttenteea, Inventors, and Manufacturers.
Plain ring and plain laid pattern dandy rollers for
making endless |)aper.
Patent hank note mould,!, nl various pattonis, for
making notes by han<l and vat.
Watered pattern moulds for fancy ^\Titing paper muXn
by hand and vat. Angalar moulds for making paper for
envvlopea. Autogntph luoulda 'or pajwr making.
Bundle of |iuper miuhir f> 'a muulila and rollerSf to
illustiikto.
14(1 Uansomks &: 'ivv, /(.^iri'fA— Manufacturers.
Model of patent oxuavi'.tor, f r railways or canals.
Henry Potter Burt, London, proprietor.
Models of improved app'tratus and machinery, for pre-
paring timber with cpo-mte, Exhaust-pump. Force-
pump. Tank for the nolution. Steaming and heatins
apparatus. Moveable tramway and crab, for loading and
unloading thu uylindcr.
The timber to be prepared is loaded on trucks, an I
drawn inside the cylinder; tho cover is then closed, and
the air-pump employed to exhaust the cylinder, and
extract the sap or moisture from the timber. The air-
p\nup is then diseugitged, and a sluice valve communi-
cating with a reservoir opened, which charges the cylinder
with ci'i'isoto, previously heated to 1120" Fohr. Force-
pumps aru then employed, which work, until the timber
in thu cylinder has been sati.nited with from 7 to U) lbs.
»f oil per cubic foot; this is found to be a sufficient
quantity to etfectually prevent decay, from tho attacks
of the "Tei-odo navalis,'' &c.
Leggat's Queen press, with self-inking apparatus.
Sliaviugs of iron.
148 Pope, Thomas, & Co., W, St. I'mI's Square,
Jli,iiiiii;i/i(iiii — Mimufivcturera.
Screw press (ciUled the " Lion Press "), for embossing
paper, &c.
Screw press, with an arm, a substitute for a double-
sided press.
A small powerful lever press, called " The Model," for
embossing papier with dies up to one inch diameter; only
4^ by 2^ inches base; height 3^ inches; weight 2f lbs.
"The Cornucopia" lever press tor the same and other
purposes, with dies 1^ inch diameter.
The portable desk press ; base 5^ by 2^ inches diameter.
Large quarto screw copying press of improved constnio-
tion, the pillars and beams being in one aolid piece.
A small quwto screw copying preaa.
A folio screw copying press.
150 CoDB, T., 19 Poriiijiiil Street, Lincoln's Inn —
Manufivcturer.
Working model of iron jirinting press, with improve-
ments by the exhibitor.
151 Harris, C, Shatfnrd, near QuUdfurd — Inventor and
Manufacturer.
Fly press, for staiu]>ing envelopes, note paper, &c., in
coloura. Un the fly-spindle is fixed an inclined plane to
give motion to tho force spindle, which carries the force
or die. On the top is a tooth wheel, which gives motion
to other wheols for the colouring appoi-atus.
V v^
'•^>.
^
IMAGE EVALUATION
TEST TARGET (MT-3)
//
■^ .^ A
O
^.<^
4^
'\
1.0
I.I
LA 12.8 12.5
■so ^^* iniB
ij£ |j|2 1122
2.0
us
140
I
^
ill— i'-'^ 1'-^
<
— — *" — — — -
►
0%
^
7
>"}
^j>^
•>
Photographic
Sciences
Corporation
23 WIST MAIN STRIET
WCBSTIR.N.Y. 14S80
(716)873-4903
#:^'
s\
\
284
Ci,A88 6.— MANUFACTURINa MACHINES AND TOOLS. [United
NoBTH Areas A. B. 10 to 3. ; 0. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; G. H. 25, 26.
152 LioBTFooT, Thomab M., South Shitliia—
Inventor.
Patent bep.ting engine fur reducing ragi into pulp. —
The improvement oonaiata in tlte introduction of a second
beating roll, and a new adaptation of washing apparatus,
which is said to enable the engine to produce four times
the quantity of pulp produced by an ordinary engine in
the same time.
164 Jarrett, Griffith, 45 Lee Street, Kingiland Bond
— Inventor.
Improved embossing presses, constructed with steel
levers, double enclosed springs, and prepared for move-
able dies; tho dies made of highly tempered steel, and
furnished with copper counterparts.
jRiT«tt'a Kmboasing Pieo.
165 Collett, C, 8 Qreat Cambridge St., Hackney Soad
— Inventor.
Specimens of embossing presses.
156 SCLLIVAN, Thomas, Foots' Cray, Kent — Inventor
and Manufacturer.
Improved double-sized, brass-bodied, laid dandy roller,
for produciog the water-mark, &c., in machine laid paper.
Interlinear laid roller for producing fancy designs.
Improved spiral laid roller.
Improved brass-bodied wove roller, with fancy designs.
Models.
157 Habriuj & Sons, 10, 11 & 12 Great Distaff Lane,
and 22 Friday St. — Inventors and Manufacturers.
Improved galley press, used for pulling proofs in
" galleys ;" represented in the following cut.
Hanild'aOklleyPrem.
Registered plough cutting machine, calculated to cut
with ease any kind of paper or card ; represented in the
following out.
liarrild'a Plough Cutting Machine.
yumerical printing apparatus, calculated to print a few
lines with a number attached, which alters consecutively
up to 99,999 with each impression, or alternatively, as
may be required. The printing is effected by lading the
paper on the surface, and then simply bringing the
handle to a horizontal position and pressing on the paper,
the action of which not only effects the inking of the type
and figures, but the distribution of the ink and printing.
This apparatus is represented in the following cut.
liarrild'a Numerical Priniing Machine.
Seamless composition printing rollers for wood-cut and
fine printing.
Improved composition balls for printing.
[These rollers and balls are intended to distribute the
ink evenly over the surface of tho type.
In fine printing and wood-out printing, the equal dis-
tribution of tbe ink is of great consequence to the per-
fection of the work.]
Kingdom.] Class 6.— MANUFACTURING MACHINES AND TOOLS,
North Areas A. B. 10 to 31 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; G. H. 25, 26.
285
158 Napier, D., & Son, Zom&etA— Inventoni and
Manufaoturen.
A captain's patent registering oompaM, This instrument
registers on paper the exact compass course which a yes-
gel has been steered for 24 consecutive hours. Its object
is to enable the captain at any time, by mere inspection, to
ascertain if the ship has been steered correctly, and if not.
to show immediately the period and amount of the devia-
tion. This machine is represented in the annexed cut.
Letter-press perfecting and printing machine, worked
by a small steam engine ; when in operation, it is arranged
with a combination of tapes and grippers, b;^ which the
" flying " of the sheet in laying on, raquired in tape ma-
chines, is rendered unnecessary.
Napier'a Regiitering Compua.
wood-cut and
distribute the
Another machine, of the same description, for a larger
form.
Single cylinder letter-press printing machine, suitable
chiefly for bookwork.
Patent self-feeding and self-discharging centrifugal
apparatus suited to the separation of the molasses from
the crystal in sugar manufacture, also to otherpurposes.
Exhibited as a novel and useful invention. 'Ae advan-
tages are, a continual discharge and supply of the matter
to be operated upon, and, consequently, great saving of
time and labour; as the machines at present used must be
stopped, dischai^ged, and re-discharged by men in attend-
ance. The time saved by the improved machine not only
includes that now consumed in taking out and filling the
charge (which, on an average, must be done every eight
minutea), but that necessary for stopping and startmg the
machines, the working speed being 1,500 revolutions per
minute, and which is very considerable. There are many
other advantages which might be named, such as its
suspension, whereby the vibrations consequent upon the
excessive speed of the machine are not transmitted to
the building, the simple and efiScient means of liquor-
ing, &c.
160 M'Clure & Co., Bow Churchyard, Cheapside —
Producers.
A lithographic press.
Hydro- electric machine,
in the annexed cut.
This machine is represented
162
HoFKiNBON & Cope, 14 Hew North Street, Finsbury
— Inventors and Manufacturers.
The Albion printing press.
Holm's patent Scandinavian printing machine.
164 Waterlow & Sons, London WaW— Producers.
Printing machine. Patent self-feeding envelope ma-
chine, producing envelopes folded, gummed, and em-
bossed. Machine for numbering bank notes, &c. Patent
autographic press.
165
Watson, Henrt, Newoaatle-upon-Tyne —
Manufacturer and Inventor.
Improved pulp strainer, for paper manufacturers.
Wataon'a llydro-elcelrio Machine.
S86
CLAB8 0.— MANUFACTURING MACHINES AND TOOLS. [United
North Arbas A. B. 10 to 31 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; O. H. 25, 26.
Patent valve for fluids; represented in the annexed cut.
I^s
Wktian'i Pilcnt Valve.
The out ahowa a vertical section of a straight cook.
A A is the water-way represented, as closed by the
block or key B B, made to move vertically up and down
by turning the screw C, which works through a nut H H,
fitting loosely into the key. The dark line is an elastic
Swing, which may be of leather, gutta percha, India-rub-
ber/felt, or any material most suitable for the purpose to
which the cock is intended to be used, and is se-^ured in
its place by the brass ring D D, three screws through
which prevent the possibility of its afterwards moving, or
the facing material becoming displaced. F F is a bolt
screwed into the centre, having a plate which draws the
elastic material tightly over the face, and fitting closelv the
seat O G O Q. The horicontal section or plan through the
line A A, shows the form of the cock ; E E are guides for
the key working freely up and down when moved by the
•crew C.
166 Cowan, Alkx., &Sonr, 45 U/^r Thanes Street—
Hanufocturers.
Paper pulp-meter. Patented bv Charles Cowan, Val-
ley-field, near Edinburgh. The object of this apparatus
is to measure out a uniform and exact supply of pulp to
the paper-machine, according to any width and thickness
of the web of paper which it may be desired to make.
The pulp, after having been prepared in the engines, and
mixed in ascertained proportions of raw materuds and of
water, is kept in the pulp or stuff chest. The cup of the
pulp-meter, which is driven in connection with the paper
machine, is made to dip into a box, which, by means of
a ball-cook or valve, is always kept full of pulp from the
pulp-chest, and lifts and delivers the reqmaite quantity
of pulp to make the width and thickness of the web re-
qmred. This is done by means of the slide upon the cup,
which can be set even while the apparatus is in motion,
so as to deliver the number of cubical inches of pulp at
each dip required for the particular paper to be mode,
which can be ascertained by a very simple calculation.
In this way uniformity of thickness in eveiy sheet of
the paper manufactured is readily obtained.
168 ScHUSSiNOEB & Co., 8 Old Jewry — Producers.
Paging and numbering machine.
Ticket printing machine.
Machine for printing bank notes.
200 Fairbairn, W., & Sons, Manchester — Inventors
and Manufacturers.
Patent riveting machine, for riveting boilers, and
other vessels, constructed of wrought iron. The moving
slide and die are worked by the action of a revolving cam
upon an elbow joint, which gives a variable motion, and
exerts the greatMt force at the closing of the joint and the
finishing of the rivet. The following figures represent
this machine.
mmm
Fkirbtlrn't Fktont Riveting Machine. Side Elevation.
KiNODOM.] Clabb 6.— manufacturing MACHINES AND TOOLS. 287
North Abeab A. B. 10 to 31 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; G. H. 25, 26.
I'hanet Strcel~.
FUitxUrn'i Patent Riveting Machine. Plan.
[The invention of the riveting machine originated
in a turn-out of the boiler-makers in the employ of
the exhibitor about fifteen years ago. On that ooca-
lion the attempt was made to rivet two plates together by
compressing the red-hot rivets in the ordinary pimching-
press. The success of this experiment immediately led to
the construction of the original machine, in which the
moveable die was forced upon the rivet by a powerful
lever, acted upon by a cam. A short experience proved
the original machine inadequate to the numerous require-
ments of the boiler-maker's trade, and the present form
was therefore adopted about eight years since.
The large stem. A, is made of malleable iron, and
having an iron strap, BB, screwed round the base, it
renders the whole perfectly safe in the case of the dies
coming in contact with a cold rivet, or any other hard
substance, during the process. Its construction also
allows the workman to rivet angle iron along the edges,
and to finish the comers of boilers, tanks, and cisterns;
and the stem being now made 4 feet 6 inches high, it
renders the machine more extensive in its application,
and allows of its riveting the fire-box of a locomotive
boiler or any other work within the given depth.
In addition to these parts, it has a broad moving
slide, C, in which are three dies corresponding with
othera in th'" wrought-iron stem. By using the centre
die every description of flat and circular work can be
riveted, and by selecting those on the sides it will rivet
the comers, and thus complete vessels of almost every
shape. This machine is in a portable form, and can be
moved on rails, with care, to suit the article suspended
from the shears.
The introduction of the knee-joint g^ves to the dies a
variable motion, and causes the greatest force to be ex-
erted at the proper time, viz., at the closing of the joint
and the fipishing the head of the rivet.
In other respects the machine operates as before, efiiMit-
ing by an almost instantaneous pressiuv what is performed
in the ordinary mode by a long series of impacts. The
machine fixes in the firmest manner, and completes eight
rivets of f inch diameter in a minute, with the attendance
of two men and two boys to the plates and rivets ; whereas
the average work that can be done by two riveters, with
one " holder on," and a boy, is 40 f-inch rivets per
hour; the quantity done in the two cases being in the
proportion of 40 to 480, or as 1 to 12, exclusive of the
saving of one man's labour. The cylinder of an ordinary
locomotive-engine boiler, 8 feet 6 inches long, and 3 feet
diameter, can be riveted and the plateq fitted completely
by the machine in four hours; whilst to execute the
same work by hand would require, with an extra man,
twenty hours. The work produced by the machine is
likewise of a superior kind to that made in the ordinary
manner; the rivets being found stronger and the boilers
more tree from leakage, and more perfect in every re-
spect. The riveting is done without noise, and thus is
almost entirely removed the constant deafening clamour
of the boiler-maker's hammer.]
201 Whitwobth & C!o., Manchester — Manufacturers.
Self-acting foot lathe, fig. 1, with motions for sliding,
screwing, and surfacing, including double-geared head-
stocks, conical steel mandril and bearings, case-hardened,
compound slide-rest, with quick hand traverse. Quide
screw, with disengaging nut, and 24 change wheels for
screw cutting. Anti-friction treadle motion, crank and
speed pulley for band, with equal tension. Hand-rest
with eccentric lock, two-face plates, elements driver,
drill, bell, and cup chucks.
Fig. 1.
Whitworth's Self-acting Foot Lathe.
This lathe is intended for amateur use, and exhibits a
complete sliding, screwing, surfacing, and boring lathe.
Ornamental chucks can be applied to this as to other
lathes.
Patent self-acting duplex lathe, fig. 2, with two cutting .
tools, for sliding screwing, and surfacing, having double-
Whitworth'8 Patent Self-acting Duplex l.athe.
CLAB8 6.— MANUFACTURING MACHINES AND TOOLS. [Usited
NoBTH Areas A. B. 10 to 31 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; G. H. 25, 26.
poared headatoolu, with conical itMl mandril and bear-
ings. Slide-reit, witli quick hand traverse, two com-
pound top rests, one on each side of the lathe centres,
with independent a^ustments, two extra slides, with
right and left screw for working the top rests simulta-
neously. Guide screw, disengaging nut, and 23 change
wheels for screw cutting; two-face plates, elements
driver, drill, and bell ohucus.
[The duplex principle consists in the employment of a
cutting tool at the back of the lathe opposite to the tool
in front, and in inverted positions to each other. The
transverse forces are thus balanced, the work produced
is more correct, and is accomplished in less time than
by the ordinary lathe.]
Patent self-aoting compound duplex lathe, with four
cutting tools, for shding, screwing, and surfacing.
[The arrangement of this lathe is similar to the fore-
going, except that this has a duplicate independent series
of self-acting motions and tools, which may either be
Fig,
worked separately or simultaneously. The bed is of
great length, in one casting, and may be used for two
distinct lathes, by employing an extra set of headstockH.
The lathe, though suited for general work, is intended
more particularly for sliding long shafting, and for out-
ting screws. In sliding a shaft, the two series of tools
commence in the middle of its length, and proceed in a
direction right and left. There is, consequently, a
balance of force longitudinally, as well as transversely.]
Patent self-acting duplex railway-wheel turning-lathe,
flg. 3, including two sets of double-geared headstocks and
face platen, driven independently, to prevent torsion of tie
axle; four compound slide rests, with separate self-notiug
motions to each, and swivel plates.
[Four cutting tools are employed, two acting upon
opposite sides of each wheel. Both wheels are turned at
once upon their axle, and the slide rests are readily re-
moveable in order to get the wheels into and out of the
lathe.]
3.
Whitworth's FMent Self-acting Puplex Railway Wlwcl Taming tathe.
Patent self-acting planing machine, with reversing tool,
to plane both ways; grooved table, with screw traverse,
by which the driving is removed from the middle to the
end of the bed. Self-acting motions, for horizontal, ver-
tical, and anpilar planing.
Self-acting planing machine, to plane one way, with
quick return motion. (Fig. 4.)
The arrangement of thu is similar to the forgoing,
except that this has a quick return motion applied to the
screw, and has a fixed tool instead of a reversing tool.
The tool-holder is fitted with a segment wheel and worm,
for shaping internal curves, and has a self-relieving mo-
tion. It is self-aoting in all cuts.
Patent self-aoting crank planing machine, oniform in
cutting, with a quick return motion. The tool holder is
fitted with segment wheel and worm, and has a self-re-
lieving motion as in the last machine. T^ifc geceral
arrangement of parts, such as the bed, table, uprights,
and cross-slide, is the same. The motion from the
crank is imparted to the table by means of a grooved
lever, in which the crank pin slides, a connecting rod
being attached to the top end of this lever and to the
table. The connecting rod consequently vibrates through
A very small arc, and enables the ordinary V slides to
be used in the bed and table.
Patent self-acting universal shaping and planing ma-
chine, fig. 5, with iuijustable crank, acting uniformly in
cutting, with a quick return motion ; with bed grooved on
the front side, two tables for fixing the work, move-
able vertically and longitudinally ; horizontal slide moving
the full length of bed, for planing flat work ; transverse
Fig. 4.
Wliitworth'n Self-acting Planing Maeliine.
KiNODOM.] C1.A88 6.— MANUFACTURING MACHINES AND TOOLS.
NoBVB AbEA8 A. B. 10 TO 81 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; O. H. 26, 26.
269
The bed is of
be used for two
>t of headatockH.
ork, ii intended
ing, and for out-
0 Reriea of tools
and proceed in a
conaequently, a
1 transverBely.]
el turning-lathe,
I headstockg and
jnt torsion of tie
>arate Belfactiug
wo acting upon
sla are turned at
1 are readily re-
> and out of the
glide and tool-holder, with aegment wheel and worm for
internal ourrea; vertical slide and awivel for angular
work; oonioal numdril, with worm and wheel for circular
work.
5.
Whltwofth'iFttent Heir-MtingUnivenal Shaping ind PUnlng Mtehine.
These machines are used for shaping and planing
levers, cranks, straps, cross-heads, 8k., and for ctures
and planes in general. They have five independent self-
actions, viz.: for flat, vertical, angular, and circular
work, and for internal curves.
Patent self-acting slotting and shaping machine, fig. 6,
with independent upright framing, adjustable crank and
quick return motion; vertical slide and tool holder;
table for holding the work, fitted with two Renos of
transverse slides; worm-wheel for circular work; self-
acting transvetae and circular motions.
Fig. 6.
Whitworth'a Pktent Self-Mting Slotting and Shaping Mtchlne.
These machines are used for cutting keyways in wheels,
and for shaping work in general. The upper series of
transverse slides give increased facility in chucking work
to be shaped.
_ Patent self-acting bench slotting and shaping machine,
similar to the foregoing, but adapted particularly to
small work.
Small self-acting vertical drilling machine, single geared,
with independent framing, drill spindle in tube, with
variable down motion, plain elevating table.
The spindle, by passing through a tube and not re-
volving in bearings, undergoes very little wear. It may
be quickly raised by hand.
Self-acting vertical drilling and boring machine, flg. 7,
double geared, with independent framing, drill apindTe in
tuba, variable down motion, and radiid table, with ver-
tical and horiaontal alidee.
Whitwoith's Seir-uting Vertical Drilling and Boring Machine.
The radial table affords greater facility than a fixed
table for chucking work; and any number of holes may
be drilled after once fixing without disturbing the work
till finished.
Self-acting radial drilling and boring machine, flg. 8
(medium size), with independent framing, vertical ele-
vating slide, radial arm, moveable throu^ an arc of 190°,
slide carrying drill spindle, with variable self-acting down
motion.
Fig. 8.
[6.]
Whitworth'a Seir-Kting Radial Drilling and Boring Machine.
These machines are used for drilling the end plates of
tubular boilers, and for work in general. All holes
within the range of the machine can be drilled without
removing the work till finished. These machines are
also adapted for work of a moHsive character, such
as large cylinders, Set., which could not be conveniently
[OfFICTAL IlXCSTRATEO CATALOain!.]
Z
200
Class 6.— MANUPACTURTNO MACHINl'^ND TOOLS.
North Abeas A. B. 10 to 31 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; 0. H. 25, 26.
[Ukiteo
lift«d and plaoetl on the table of the ordinary drilling
mnohine. A pit should be proyided in front for objects
of great length.
Punohing and shearing machine, fig. 9, for hand or
power, wit£ separate fttiim for the two onerations, one
on each side of the machine, worked by eccentrics.
Apparatus for raising the punch quickly without stopping
the machine. Small Bhoars for cutting off bam of any
length. Pimching and shearing, or bar cutting, may be
carried on at the same time witnout interruption.
Fig. P.
Whltwortn's Punching and Shearing Machine.
Hand-punching and shearing machine, with single slide,
worked by eccentric, only one process being carried on
at a time.
S^lf-acting wheel-cutting and dividing machine, fig. 10,
for hevel spur and worm wheels, with headstocks and
dividing wheel, moveable horizontally for different dia-
meters of wheels, cutter frame, with universal adjustment,
self-acting traverse for cutter, self-adjusting driving pul-
leys, change wheels, for all numbers up to 100.
Fig. 10.
tl:
Whitworrth'i S«ir-actlng Wheel-cutting and Dividing Machine.
Self-acting bolt-head and nut-shaping machine, fig. 11,
with two circular cutters, for shaping two sides at ouce,
two concentric chucks, for two objects to be operated upon
at the same time. Duplicate compound slides, with in-
dependent self-acting and self-disengaging motions to
prevent ii^jury from the cutters.
Rg. 11.
Whitworth'a Self-acting Bolt-head and Nut-ihaping Machine.
The chucks are respectively placed on opposite sides
of the centre of the circular cutters, by which the forces
are balanced, and a much greater quantity of work is pro-
duced than if one chuck only were used. These ma-
chines are applicable for shaping and squaring nuts, ends
of shafts, &c. The concentric chucks are removable, 8o
that other work may be shaped and squared.
Patent screwing machine, for bolts and nuts, with
hollow mandril, die holder, with four radial dies, two on
each side of the centre, complete sets of dies and taps,
with chucking apparatus for bolts and nuts. The radial
die holder is similar in principle to the patent guide
screw stock. The dies are cut by master taps, of double
the depth of thread larger in diameter than the working
taps, BO that the circle of the dies in contact is the same
size as the screw blank. A perfect guide is thus obtained,
and a thread of correct pitcn is formed at the commence-
ment. The inner edges of the dies being filed off to an
acute angle, they cut with ease without distorting the
thread; and by the direction in which the dies are
moved, their cutting power is preserved for the full depth
of thread. Their action in cutting is similar to the
chasing tool, which they resemble in form, and may in
like manner be sharpened on a grindstone.
Patent screwing apparatus, fig. 12, including the patent
guide screw-stock and dies, working tap, master taps,
for cutting up the dies, hobs, for cutting screw tools,
and case-hardened tap wrenches. The dies of the screw
stock are cut by a large master tap, and their action is the
same as explained in the bolt-screwing machine. The
diameter of the working taps are made to standard gauges ;
the angle of the thread in all cases is 55°, rounded otfat
top and bottom to two-thirds of a complete angiilni-
thread; small fractional pitches are avoided, and the
principle of uniformity in pitch, form of thread, and dia-
meter, is rigidly adhered to.
Measuring machine, and standard yard measure.
Internal and external standard cylindrical gauges, of
sizes from l-8th to 6 inches diameter, tested by the mea-
suring machine.
Set of stepped gauges, external only from l-8th to
6 inches.
Patent knitting machine, knits one stitch at a time,
similar to hand knitting : may be worked by hand or
power.
ii
Kingdom.]
[machine, flg. li,
two aides at oiice,
( be operated upon
d slides, with ia-
>ging motions to
shaping MtehlM.
on opposite sides
which the forces
ity of work is pro-
used. These ma-
[uaring nuts, ends
are removable, mo
lared.
CiASB fl.— MANUFACTURINO MACHINES AND TOOLS.
North Areas A. B. 10 to 31 ; 0. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; O. H. 25, 20.
Fig. 12.
S91
Whitwofth'i latent Scrawinf Appantui.
202 FoiTXS, T., Mancheaier — Inventor.
Apparatus for preserving the surface of copper rollers
and steel dies, with a coat of etching ground, so aa to
resist the action of nitric-acid, for the purpose of deepen-
ing the engraving.
203 Ltoni, Hobrii, 143 Suffolk Street, Birmingham —
Inventor.
Apparatus and specimena to illustrate the prooees of
brignt electro-plating, gilding, electro-engraving, and de-
position of copper for the formation of tubes. This pro-
cess differs from others, in at once depositing the metal
in a bright state, requiring no after polishing. Hence it
is particularly adapted for embossed worlis of art. The eco-
nomy of this process consists in its requiring less battery -
power, and a smaller consumption of the precious metal.
[Bright electro-plating has been effected by mixing n
few drops of the sulphuret of carbon with the silver or
gold solution i' \he precipitating trough. — R. H.]
204 Sharp Brothers, Manchester — Inventors.
Lathe, siotting-maohine.
Powerful self-acting planing machine; represented in
the following engraving.
Sharp's Powerrul Self-acUng Planing Machine.
Irical gauges, of
ited by the mea-
J from l-8th to
bitch at a time,
ked by hand or
205 MoRDAN, Sampson, & Co., City Road—
Manufacturers.
Bright steel fire-proof jewel-box, decorated with or-
molu ornaments.
Carved inkstand, inlaid with pearl and gilt ink-glass
attached, with gold pen.
Large frame containing an assortment of every descrip-
tion of gold pens, and gold pen-holders.
Complex self-acting rose engine and tracing machine.
Combination copying and seal-press, on a stand; which
combines the double purpope of a seal or embossing-
press, and a copying-press.
206 MoiR, WuxiAM, Salford, Manchester—
Manufacturer.
Amateur foot lathe, slide rest, eight gun-metal chuckn,
joiner's bench, tool-chest, and Glerman cramp.
Large And small patent coffee-mill for grocers and
private use.
Screw embossing press, for stamping envelopes, with
dies, sets of alphabets, &c.
Lever embossing presses, for embossing crests, &o.
Copying presses. ^
Screw-stocks, taps, master-taps, and tap -wrenches.
Machine taps and hand-screw tools.
za *
202
Clabb 6.— MANUPACTURINO MACHTNES AND TOOLS. [Ukitto
Nc.nTii Abkah a. H. 10 to 31 ; C. I). K. I to 10, & 1» to 33; O. H. 25, 20.
Oil-te*tiiift miuihine,
of MiiiicheHter.
ItnKiiiterml theodolite.
Sillfolil.
8|M)oimeni of eiuboMiDg,
oiiilxiwiinK |ire88eii.
Suiip-oiittlug machine. Invented by Walter Storey, of
Mauoiieater.
Invented by Emanuel ThoBuu,
Deoigned by Henry Oom, of
Lithographa of copying and
207 Hunt, John, per C. Bovn, l.'i AMuon Road,
KeiuiiKjtuii— Inventor.
A mineral waohing-oaiie, designed for the more espe-
ditio\i8 and effectunl wiuthing of gold, silver, tin, copper,
and load oron, and applicnblu to all kiniU of mineral, the
Hpociflu gravity of which Ih greater than the foreign matter
with which it id mixed. The superiority is said to con-
sist in the groat e.i8e, rapidity, and economy, with which
ores can be treated, as compared with the ordinary'
system, the latter requiring that the mineral to be
operated upon should be previously separated from
omy, adhesive matter, and stony particles. The inventor
states that chiefly by means of this washing-case, he has
been able to recover about .'i.'tOiOuO ftiincs' worth of silver
and lead ores from the "ddbris" of the ancient mine
of " Pont-pean," near Rennes, in France, of which he is
the occupier.
208 Qarforth, William, John, & Jamks, Dukinfield
Iivn Works, nciir Manchester — Manufacturers.
Steam riveting machine, having direct action. Tlio
following engraving gives the fonn of the machine, wkioh
consists of a strong cast-iron frame, a cylinder HG inches
in diameter, with piston and rod, on to which high-pi-es-
sure steam is alternately let and discharged; the riveting
portion being acted on directly by the piston rod, and the
plates ore thus closed and the rivet formed.
Girfortli's Steam Riveting Mauliine.
With this machine, one man and three boys can rivet
with i)erfect ease, and in the firmest manner, at the rate
of six rivets per minute, or three hundred and sixty per
hour.
Annexed to the drawing of the riveting machine is a
section of two pieces of boiler plate, riveted together by
this machine, and planed through the centre of the rivet,
to exhibit the accuracy of the work.
200 Lkwii, Francii, ft Sons, Manchester—
Manufauturers.
Wheel-cutting and dividing engine for cutting bevel-
spur and wonu wheels.
Model of I^wis and MaoLardy's patent roving and
slub spindle for cotton, wool, flax, and other fibrous sub-
stances, and of spindle for doubling any descriptions of
yams on the same principle.
210
SiUNKi, Andrew, 6 Snhert Street, AdelpM
— Inventor and Manufacturer.
Bolt screwing and tapping miwhine. This machine
cuts a [turfect screw at one operation, and not by suc-
cessive outs.
Improved high-pressure steam engine.
I)etail planing niiichines, one being for hand power for
npticiiins and amateurs.
212
Johnson, R., & Brothkr, Dale Street, Manchester
— Manufacturers. (Agents in London, Messrs.
TooTAL & Browne, 7A ft 74 Piccadilly.)
Wire-drawing benches, showing the prooesa of drawing
strong and fine sizes of iron wire.
Specimens of fine-drawn iron wire.
213 Parr, Cdrtis, ft Madelkt, AfuncAe«(«r.
Ploning-machine. Lathes, ftc.
214 Taylor, W., 33 Little Queen Street, Ifolbom—
Inventor.
Metal press used for striking medals for the Exhibition,
215 Bennett, Joseph, 1 Thistle Street, Oldham
Hoad, Manchester — Designer.
Shaded drawing of a large and powerful self-acting slide
lathe I'or surfacing. Headstocks 42 inches high.
A lathe of this nature has been manufactured by
MesBi-s. J. ft D. Qlasgow, Manchester, for Her Mt^esty's
Dockyard, Plymouth,
218
Hick, B., ft Son, Bolton — Designers and
Manufacturers.
Model of exhibitors' improved compound hydraulic
press. This model shows the arrangement of an im-
proved press, now at work on the premises of the
exhibitors at Bolton, having four cylinders of such area
lis in the aggregate to be equal to 2,500 tons pressure.
Among the various advantages attributed to this plan,
are, that the four cylinders may be worked together
or two at a time ; pnd much better castings ore oVi-
tained in consequence of the diminished weight, each
of the cylinders ^veighing only two tons (about eight
tons for the four), whereas one cylinder equal in power
would weigh 20 tons. The model pumps and apparatus
attached are equal in power to a single press wiih cylinder
six inch diameter. Accompanying this model are several
blocks of iron, eight inch diameter, which have been
punched cold by the large press. The pressure necessary
for such an operation, being, for iron, 1) in. thick, 700
tons; 2 in. thick, 9.'iO tons; 2^ in. thick, 1,2.50 tons; 3 in.
thick, 600 tons, and 3^ in. thick, 2,050 tons. Fig. 1
represents this machine.
[The hydrostatic press was invented by the late Mr.
Joseph Bramah, A.d. 1796. Motion is communicated to
the ram by ii^ecting water (or other fluid capable of
sufficient resistance) into the cylinder, within which the
ram moves. The amount of force given to the ram
depends upon the proportion between the area of the
plunger of the injecting pump and that of the ram, and
the force can be indefinitely increased, either by extend-
ing these proportions or by increasing the leverage of the
[Unit*!)
KlNODOM.]
Clam 0.— MANUPACTUttINO MACHINEH AND TOOLH.
North Abkam A. I). 10 to 31 ; C. D. V,. 1 tu 10, & 10 to M ; (). II. 25, 2U.
190
Hester —
ir cutting bevel-
ent roving and
her fibroua Hiib-
f (leaoriptiouM of
, Adelphi
r.
Thin moohino
ind not by ano-
band power for
treet, Mancheater
Loudon, Meagrs,
ccodilly.)
30688 of drawing
nchetter,
t, Holbom —
r the Exhibition.
tt, Oldham
It.
: self-acting alide
IS high.
lanufactured by
r Her Majesty's
lOrs and
>ound hydraulic
nent of an im-
iremises of the
era of such area
0 tons pressure.
9d to this plan,
vorked together
castings are ob-
)d weight, each
ns (about eight
equal in power
ps and apparatus
BBS wiih cylinder
nodel are several
hich have been
ressure necessary
1) in. thick, 700
l.i.TO tons; H in.
50 tons. Fig. 1
by the late Mr.
iomniuiiicated to
fluid capable of
nthin which the
ven to the ram
the area of the
of the nun, and
jither by extend-
e leverage of the
Hick'a llydniiUo fnm.
Pig.?.
Hick'a Two-honn OwilUting Steun-engine.
pump handle. These machines are most valuable for
lifting great weights, testing the strength of girders, and
packing compressible goods into a small space, &o. —
S. C]
Two-horse high-pressure non-condensing oscillating
engine of very simple construction, the steam being
admitted to the top and bottom of the cylinder by its own
movement from side to side, the ordinary valve motion
and eccentric being dispensed with. This engine is almost
incapable of disarrangement; it is represented in fig. 2.
Portable smiths' hearth, with fan attached, for the use
of ship-builders and others.
Smiths' hearth (of another description) for artillery
purposes, adapted for fixing upon the back of a horse or
mule, its weight being only about 180 pounds.
Improved ball safety-valve, invented by the late
Mr. Hick : it consists of a brass globe or sphere filled with
lead, and merely resting over and closing a circular
orifice, having no joints or levers connected with it; it
will alwavB blow off steam at a given pressure, thus pi-e-
venting the possibility of accident from over-pressure.
Wheat-cleaning machine. This machine consists of
two conical cylinders, fonned of a series of files which
are placed vertically, and are secured at top and bottom
by means of cast-iron rings; a space is left between the
inner and outer cylinders, whicn can be increased or
diminished as requirad, the inner cylinder revolves rapidly
upon its axis. The object of the machine is to separate
and remove the smut and other impurities from the
grain, which it accomplishes in the moat effectual manner,
and will clean about 200 bushels per hour.
Model of exhibitors' patent open-ended three-cylinder
locomotive engine with a tender.
lladial drilling machine (full size). This will drill
boles up to 4 in. diameter, and extending over a circle
11 ft. 6 in. diameter; the jeb can be raised or lowered
at pleasure, by means of a square threaded screw cut
upon the upright spindle, and moves freely round with
its spindle on a series of small rollers placed under the
rising block or nut.
Models of a pair of condensing steam-engines of 120-
borse power each ; the models are made on the scale of
4 in. to the foot.
In addition to the above, the exhibitors have sent
an engine of six-borao power, together with a consider-
able amount of mill-gearing and framework, supported
upon a number of ornamental columns. This mill-gearing
and steam-engine give motion to the machinery con-
tributed by Messrs. Hibbert, Piatt, & Sons, of Ilai-tford
New Iron Works, Oldham.
Improved mandrils.
219 Olasoow, John, Manchester — Inventor.
Improved screwing machine, with dies, taps, chucks,
&o., complete.
220 Shepherd, Hill, & Spink, Hunsted Road, Leeds —
Manufacturers.
Self-acting side lathe, for longitudinal, conical, and
transverse surfaces, complete; with screw-cutting appa-
ratus, self-acting surface motion, and improved disen-
gaging motion.
SM
I.-
Glah 6.— MANUFACTURINO MACHINES AND TOOLS.
North Arias A. D. 10 to 81 ; 0. D. E. 1 to 10, ft 10 to 33 1 0. U. 25, 26.
[Uritbo
221 CoTTAM k Haujin. 'i Wimley Strnl—
Inventon and MMtufaotureni.
HTiLroatetlo prww for proving girdeni. The Improv*-
manu oonabit in the ■dditiou of » di»l indai, to denotv tha
weight applied by the pninp, and of a dead hand to uutrk
the weigDi at the time, if tne object under trial be (hio-
tured.
222 Rtoib, W., Bofton—lnxwaiot and Patentee.
Forging machine, to forge, draw down, and (wage by
•team-power email artiolce up to two inches, round or
aquare, euoh ae rollen and iipuidlee for cotton and other
machinery, bolte, ituda, ihah-onda, &o., without the uao
of hammer or anvil. The following figure repreeenta
thia machine.
Rjrdn'i PiUnt Forgin( Machine.
Thia machine is driven by Measra. Hick and Son'a
oHcillutiug steam engine.
Selection of articles the machine is capable of pro-
duciug: — Stubbing, roving and throstle spindles and nys,
and all kinds of rollera for cotton machinery.
223 Sakdford, Owen, & Watson, Phrmix Tron Works,
Rotherham — Inventors, Designera, and Manufacturers.
Improved acrew-cutting lathe, exhibited for simplicity
of construction and economy in working. The improve-
ments consist in working the saddle, and throwing out
the back gear of the fast headstock. The saddle is
worked thus : the nut is solid with a spur wheel cast
u|>on it, working into another spur wheel on a back shaft,
on which there is a bevelled pinion ; the latter works into a
bevelled wheel, and is keyed on an upright shaft working
through the saddle; there is another bevelled wheel,
keyed upon the top of that shaft, working into a bevelled
pinion upon the haudle-shaft, which moves the saddle back-
ward and forward at pleasure; in addition to this, there is
an index disc upon the handle-shaft, which divides the
screws into as many threads as are required, without
inteifering with the change wheels. The bevelled wheeln
on the aaddle communioat* motion to the aorew in the
•addle, which acta of Itself tnuuvaraely. The improve-
mtnta in th* flut headatook oonalat in a wonn and wheel
for throwing out the baok gear.
224 Bai>m,W.,A SoN,£<rmAii/A<im— Manufkoturera.
:\. amall four-fbet aorew outting and ilide lathe on iron
•tanda, with baok gear, &c.; quadrant alide rest; travene
aorew, with revecvlng motion; a aet of change wheela:
tty wheel and treadle motion; facepUte; univuraal and
other chuoka; toola and apparatua complete.
A blain uaeful foot lathe on atanda, quadrant slide re«t,
fly wheel and treadle; division, and apring faou plate, and
aeveral uaeAil ehuclw.
A small portable foot lathe on atanda, fly wheel and
treadle. One a alee amaller.
Set of aorew atooka, diea, and tape, for engineera,
amitha, &a.
Screw plate and tape, for engineera, for pinu and nuta.
226 DAUnrrr, Auxamdkr, /)«p</or(l— Inirentor
and Manufiicturer,
Self-acting and aurfacing lathe, with aet of eighteen
gun-metal change wheels, for screw cutting, fh>m three
threada in a foot, to 05 in an inch.
Belf-a(\iuating chuck, with three jawa alwaya working
parallel to each other, for fixing any aiied wire perfectly
central, from the smallest needle to a bar i incu in dia-
meter; particularly adapted for holding drilla of vaiioua
sicea, and making amall acrewa,
Self-a4Juating boring collar, for aupporting varioua
aiaed bare or tubes, ftvm \ to 21 inchea in diameter.
Self-adjusting fiice chuck, for holding circular flat
aurfaoea from | to 7 inchea diameter.
228 Macimlay, Somr, & Fikij>, Chelttnham Plaee,
ZamMA-— -Manufacturera.
Coining-press, in which the motion to give the impres-
sion is obtained by an eccentric, instead of by screw or
lover. This press is represented in the out below.
MuidtUy ii Co.'* Coining Ftoh,
KwoDOM.] eh,** «.— MANnPACTlTRINO MACHINES AND TOOLS.
NoHTii Abma* A. n. 10 TO 31 1 C. D. E. I to 10, A 10 to 33 [ O. 11. 26, 2ti,
200
23U Bm.th, Diacuck, & TAMmrrr, LtetU—
MMiufiioturtn.
Boir-MtliiB lUd* Utka, with ImU 18 fmt Iuiir, hM<l-
Rtnuk I!) iDobM, Mlf-Mttiig lurfaoiiig motion, ullda-rmt,
Helf-MtiuK nwk ! travanw inutlun ; leMliiiK-iiorew and
oliMiAt-wDMU for auttina corawi ; Indox-plnte for (how-
lug tn« whaaU to be UMd for cutting vnrlouii pitohe* of
thread, fau«-|>latu and Morew-key«,
Holf-Muting drllllngniauhlnv, with oroM-illde ana re-
volving table guarlng for itlow motion; drill*, outter-bar,
and ataady btiih ; dltTtti-ent ii|>au<lM from !i to 5UU revolu-
tion! pir minute i iilide- vice for gripping work that owinot
be reaillW fixed on the table.
Helfactiog planing machine, for planing itraight and
vircular work, with 0 Inchea Htroke, and Itl Inohea tra-
vente, table niaed and lowered by rack and pinion, and
(lida-vioe.
232 HoLTIAPrrRL « Co., 04 Chming Cron, and
Vn l.on»j Acre — Mniiufauturera,
A flve-inoh centre lathe fur amateur oruumental turning.
Ucceutrio, oval, npherloal, geometric, and other chucks.
Compound •lidiug reat, with icrew-cutting and ourvili-
ueitr amMratuR.
Drilling inatrumcnt.
Vertical, horlaoutal, univeraal, eccentric, and elliptical
cutting fhimea.
Heta of engine tool*, drilla, and outten,
8eta of turning tool*, &o., in ivory and hard wood
oandlea.
Inatrumenta for aharpening toola and driUa,
Turuing aquarva, bevels, oallipiwrs, &o.
Decimal, parallel, and sliding gauges.
Sliding centres.
I'olismng au[)aratua.
Qeological hammers,
Kngiue-divided scales in cardboard.
Udontagraphs.
IWlour printing apparatus.
AiKirtadometer, for taking oiTguta in lond-aurveying, &c.
Hpecimcns of plain luid ornamental turning by amateurs,
in ivory and other materials; cannel coal, &c.
234
Williams, J., 18 Weatgate Buildings, Bath—
Manufacturer.
A one-horse portable steam-engine, for amateurs, de-
signed by the Rev. C. R. Davy, Bath.
A self-acting foot-power slido and screw-cutting lathe,
double-gear head-stocks, a new tool-holder, &c.
Foot-power drilling machine, with movenble bed, flat
plates and experimental straight edges. Model of a pri-
vate door. Ornamental cutting apparatus for lathes. —
The above artiole* tlesigned by the exhibitor.
Bolt and nut shaping maomne for slide-rest, invented
by John Wilson, Esq., Bath.
Umameutol screw-lifting Jack, designed and made by
the Rev. 0. R. Davy, Bath.
2!i0 Nasmvtu, J., Manchester — Inventor.
Steam hammer.
[Tliis ateiun hammer ia capable of adjustment of power
iu a degree highly remarkable. While it is puaaible to
obtain enormous impulsive force by its means, it con be
ao gnuluated as to descend with power only sufficient to
break an egg-shell.— R. E.]
238 Stewart, D. Y., & Co., Qlasgow — Manufaoturera.
Model of mteiit mould-making machine for cast-u-on
pipea. Model of box or flask, in which the moulds
are made. Model of core carriage, with core bars upon
it. llpes ft-om 44 inches diameter downwards, cost
in moulds made by the machine. Ten tona of pipes have
been moulded in an hour. Thia machine is represented
in the following page.
Machine for testing the sti-ougth of cast-iron.
[Iu making hollow castings, an inner mould, of the
exact contour of the intended hollow, ia formed in loam ;
it ia, when dry, inserted in the sand-imprint of the
pattern, the *ha|)o of the outside of the re<iuir«<l casting.
Till* inner mould la calleil the core, and when the cast-
ing has been made, is sttfllciently friable to be easily
broken away.— W. D. L. R.]
240
MoBRAU., A., StiflIdH Worh, Wanoickihirt—
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Knitting-plus, Steel, gilt, and pUted bodkins, Needles
in the different stages of manufacture, 8i)eoimena of
machinery for making needles, Stamp-preas, or eyeing
machine. Filing, heoiliug, and curing machine, Loudou
agent, T. Linnell, 134 Upper Thames Street.
242 Vauoban, O., Wettinoreland Street, Manjlebont^
Inventor.
Machine for setting the teeth of saws.
244 Cbviich, J., CA«/»u/uf(^Manufacturer.
Model lathes, with vice attached.
246 Campbell, Oborob, Charlton, Woo/un'oA— Inventor.
Portable steam forge, with blowing apparatus.
301
Beart, R., Qodmimohester, near Ifuntingdim—
Inventor.
Patent brick and tile machine, combining grinding,
screening, and pressing of clay through dies.
Specimens or t'e bricks and tilea nutde by the machine;
and of the olav ut whioii the bricks were mode.
Patent bricK and tile machine, to be worked by hand,
combining the some objects except the grinding of the
clay.
Model of a patent apparatus for boring Artesian wells.
The " ddbris broken up by the boring tools is carried
up the boring pipes by a current of water.
Patent apparatus for boring atone. A current of
water is applied to remove the grit, and keep the cutter
cool.
Machine, worked by steam or other power, for cutting
thin plates of stone, by means of vertical knives or saws.
Sand-atone filter, containing 5,000 superficial inches of
sawn surface.
304 Bbonton, W., jim. — Inventor.
Machine for washing ores.
305
Waring, C. H., Neath Abbey, Qlamonjanahire —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Machines for cutting or working coal, ftc, horizontally
and vertically. — Provisionally registered.
306 Claudet k Hodohton, 89 Hiijh Holhom — Props.
(Invented by A. Clacdet.)
Machine for cutting round, square, and oval gloss
shades. The diamond being always kept on its cutting
point by a spring and two castors, and being mounted on
moveable apparatus, it is only necessary to puah the ap-
paratus sligntly by the hand. With some modifications
w the means of supporting the glass, but with the some
apparatus for holding the diamond, this machine is used
to cut the ends of the cylinders, which are the first form
assumed by sheet glass.
Machine for cutting round shades exclusively.
308
Hart, James, 5 Seymour Place, Ilryanatonc Square
— Inventor and Manufacturer.
Patent portable brick inachiue. When Hot in motion,
two boys at one end of the machine place the empty
moulds on the chain, wliich are then carried by the chain
iii
296 Class 6.— MANUFACTURING MACHINES AND TOOLS. [United
NoBTH Abeas A. B. 10 TO 31 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; G. H. 25, 26.
1U«
[United
1
fc
Kingdom.] Class 6.— MANUFACTURING MACHINES AND TOOLS.
North Areas A. B. 10 to 31 : C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; G. H. 25, 26.
297
under the pug mill to the other end of the machine,
where two other boys remove a perfect brick ready for
the drying ground.
Two-horse steam engine and boiler.
Machine for drilling holes in machinery, exhibited as a
specimen of mechanical skill.
New patent portable tile machine, to be worked by
hand. This machine is represented in the annexed out.
Hirt'i Patent Tile Machine.
310
Bradley, R., & Co., Wakefield— lavontote and
Manufacturers.
A machine for moulding bricks, of various sizes and
Hhapen.
A working model of a colliery, on a scale of one inch
to a foot, Bhowing the operations both above and below
ground; with the latest improvements
312 Hunter, J., Leysmill, Arbroath, Scotiand —
Inventor.
Working model of Hunter's stone-planing machine,
with sppchnens of planed stones from Leysmul Quarries,
near Arbroath.
314 Mackenzie, John Stafford, Newark-upon-TVent —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
A triturator, consisting of a mortar, fixed in a wooden
frame, and a pestle, to which, by means of apparatus
attached, a rotatory motion is given. This machine is
useful for triturating or levigating various articles used
in chemistry, particularly mercurial preparations, paints,
printers' inkfi, and such articles as require continued fric-
tion and agitation.
317 Marsden, Benjamin, Leeds — Manufacturer.
A washing, wringing, and mangling machine, the novelty
being the fltting-up and action of the machinery in the
interior of the cylinder, including oscillating frames,
springs, tec, and resembling the action of the human
hands. Occupies little room ; is easily removed, and is
capable of washing and wringing four blankets in ten
minutes, Can be worked with ease by a girl ; saves time,
soap, and labour; and with it, infected linen and other
articles unfit to be washed with the hand can be easily
cleansed. The principles and details ore equally appli-
cable to a machine on a large scale to be worked by
steam power,
324 Randell Si Saunders, 14 Orange Grove, Bath —
Inventors.
Patent machine for driving saws, for the purpose of
cutting stone in its natural beds. The novelty consists in
driving saws from one end only, and in placing the guide
frame on the same axis as the crank shaft by which
the saws are driven; by this arrangement the saws adapt
themselves to their work at any angle. Each saw is
allowed an independent action.
Traversing crane driven by steam power, and con-
structed for working in underground quarries.
Patent saw frame for cutting blocks of stone, marble,
&c., balanced, and turning on the same axis as the crank
shaft by which the saws are driven.
Patent portable saw frame.
328
Radcuffe, Augustus, 67 <S'^ John's Street Road—
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Model of a trigger for shutting off the steam of a
locomotive engine, and stopping it in cases of danger.
Improved shifting quarry-board, for cutting to any
angle at which the window may be set out.
Circle-board for cutting block, barometer, compass
glasses, &o.
Glaziers' diamonds for cutting plate, sheet, crown, and
all kinds of window glass ; a portable circle cutting ma-
chine, or beam compass diamond, and a cylinder or shade
cutting machine.
Artists' diamonds or points for etching, dragging, ruling,
medallion engraving, &c.
330 Speller, W., 14 York Street, Blackfriars Road—
Manufacturer.
Well-boring implements for procuring water from the
main spring at whatever depth. Also suitable to as-
certain the strata of the earth for mining, railways, &c.
400 Bessemer, Henrt, Baxter House, Old St. Pancras
Road — Patentee and Manufacturer.
A model of a slate table for holding plate-glass diuing
the grinding and polishing process : this is effected by
atmospheric pressure acting on the upper side of the
plate, while a partial vacuum is formed below it by an
air-pump or steam jet ; for this purpose the two pieces
of slate forming the table have a series of grooves
formed between them, which communicate with the holes
upon the surface, so that whenever a plate of glass is
laid upon the table, a cock is opened communicating with
an exhaiuted vessel, when the plate will be firmly held
thereon, but which may be instantly removed by again
208
Class 6.— MANUFACTUBING MACHINES AND TOOLS. [United
North Arkas A. B. 10 to 31 ; 0. D. E. 1 to 10, & 10 to 33 ; G. H. 25, 26.
admitting the air. The plan in general uae for holding
down sheets of glass is to imbed them in plaster of Paris,
which operation has to be performed four times for each
plate, and which, in some establishments, consumes
40 tons of plaster per week. Patented and manufactured
by the exhibitor.
An improvement on the centrifugal machine for 8e]>a-
rating molasses from crystals of sugar. The peculiarity of
this machine consists in the mode of driving it by a pair
of emissive arms on the same axis as the centrifugal
drum, thereby dispensing with the upper driving gear,
and iilso in making the centrifugal drum to lift on and
off thb machines, so that the operator removes the charge
of finishod sugar from one drum, and recharges it with
matter to be ope:'ated upon while the other drum is in
use upon the machine; by which arrangement one man
with this machine can operate upon as much material as
two men and two of the original machines were capable
of doing. Patented by the exliibitor. Proprietors,
Messrs. Rotch & Finzel, 2 Pumival's Inn, London,
401 FpRNBSS, William, Liverpool — Patentee,
Patent machines for working in wood. Power mortising
machine, stated to be simple in adjustment and opera-
tion, and self-acting in its half-rotary reverse motion,
which changes the face of the chisel.
Foot mortising machine; to be used with any size of
chisel, from on eighth of an inch to two inches; the pecu-
liar form of the chisel enables it to hold the cone and lift
it out of the mortice at each return stroke.
Tenoning machine; to be worked either by hand or
steam power. The tenon is finished at one operation,
without gauging or setting out the work.
The annexed cut represents this machine.
Furneni'd IVtent Tenoning Machine.
Planing machine ; adapted for squaring tip hard or soft
wood, from four to fifty feet in length, from eight to
forty inches in width, and from one quu-ter of an inch to
thirty inches in thicknesd.
Moulding machine. Any description of joiners'
mouldings can be cut by this machine with great rapidity,
and in such an accurate manner oa not to i-etpiii-e the use
of any other tool. It is equally useful in sash- sticking,
either in hard or soft wood. Its construction is simple,
and is easily kept in order.
i
402 ScHHSLE, C, Mtxnchcster — Inventor and
Manufacturer.
Specimens of the construction of revolving rubbing
surfaces by a patent rule which determines the form
best adapted to reduce friction to a minimum under any
given strain,
axis.
Form for a strain in the direction of the
The preceding figures are intended to represent various
Applications of the peculiar form for rubbing surfaces.
The lower figure represents this form.
Portable grinding mill, driven by Lloyd's steam-engine,
with the exhibitor's condenser attached, and with the
rubbing surfaces formed according to the patent rule.
A similar mill, fitted as a handmill.
Four-and-a-half-inch cock.
Spindle-joint, used on locomotive regulators, instead of
stuffing-box. IJ-inch stop-cock, with pump-valve at-
tached. Steam whistle.
Olass water-gauges: in which the packing is tightened
by direct pressure without any twisting strain on the
glass. Qauge-cock.
Self-acting feed regulator for u ten-horse power boiler,
with cvu-ved surfaces.
Fii-e-cock, with stand pipe.
Glass taps for acids, filters, ftc. Lathe spindle.
Siuuples of screws and nuts.
lustruments for describing the curves required in the
construction of the foregoing articles. Equation and
formula) relative to the antifriction curve.
Ventilator for exhaustion or compression. ^ .
403 Fairbaibn, W., & Sous, Manchester— IvLventom
and Manufacturers,
Specimens of corn-mill work: — Improvements in the
manner of driving, in the means employed for adjusting
and regulating the grinding-stones, and in the means of
feeding.
+04
Crosskill, William, Iron Works, Beverley —
Patentee and Manufacturer.
Patent mills for grinding vegetable substances. They
consist of — mills for steam, of two and four horse power,
for grinding broken bones into fine powder, at the rate
of about 25 bushels per hour, suited for fine manure;
Kingdom.] Class 6.— MANUFACTURING MACHINES AND TOOLS.
North Abeas A. B. 10 to 31 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; O. H. 25, 26.
299
lireotion of the
another for grinding malt, also oata, barley-meal, &c.
Fig, 1 shows this machine.
Cioinkill'ii Mill fur Vegetable Substance*.
Mills for power or hand use, for grocers, druggists,
confectioners, &c.
Patent mills for grinding mineral substances. The
piu-ticular features in these mills consiBt in their strength
Fig. 2.
t'losskiU'a Mill for Minvral Sulutiiiiivit,
as power-mills; their adaptation, by changing finer or
coarser plates, for grinding various minei-al substances to
fine dust; and, from the position of the two centres,
the peculiar eccentric motion is obtained for each of the
revolving metal plates. Thev consist of — mills for
steam, of four-horse power, for grinding iron, zinc,
copper, and gold oreS; plumbago, manganese, &c. ;
unother for grinding raw or calcined flints for pottery
purposes, also quartz, &o. ; will grind 8 to 10 cwt. of
raw flints per hour by the first process, and by the second
process reduce 12 to 15 cwt. per hour to the finest
powder. Fig. 2 shows this machine.
Mill for steam, of two-horse power, for grinding paints
or liquid substances.
Mill for hand or i>ower, for grinding paint or liquid
substances. With this uill a boy will grmd from j to 1
cwt. per hour.
Improved portable and fixture steam-engines for manu-
facturing or agricultural purposes.
405
SoTCH & FiNZEL, 2 FumivaFs /hn —
Inventors.
Centrifugal machine for separating molasses from sugar.
Manlove and Alliott, manufacturers.
406
BiBCH, John, Edward Street, Regent's Park—
Inventor.
Model of a machine designed and used for the purpose
of cutting sash and roof bars, and applicable to the
preparation of mouldings, fto. It is so contrived as simul-
taneously to work the two sides of the bars or mouldings.
The cutter blocks are so contrived as to work seven bars
at the same time.
407
Maidu»w, John, 24 Q^ieen's Terrace, St. Johtlt
Wood — Inventor.
Improvement in carpenters' bench screw, check, and
stop, having two screws to the check, both acting at the
same time with one lever, causing the check to work
parallel, and have equal pressure at both ends; adapted
for joiners, cabinet-makers, bookbinders, &c. The stop
is so arranged that, by turning a screw which is let
into the top of the bench, it will rise to any height
required.
[The bench-screw ia to the joiner and cabinet-maker what
the vice is to the smith, the moveable block or check and
the fixed block which is fixed in and to the bench, and
which contains the matrix cf the screw forming the jaws of
such vice. That the check should press upon the body to
be held equably is highly important to the ease of the
workman and to the strength of the work ; and any arrange-
ment that tends to secure the pamllel movement and
even bind'ng of the check, up to and upon the side of the
bench which covers the fixed block, the counterpart of
the check is worthy of consideration.
The "stop" is an end-grained block of wood passing
through the top of the bench and capable of being made
to stimd more or less above the surface of the piece of
stuff to be tied up or otherwise planed, and to resist
pressure; the use of the stop being to hold the work up
to the plane as the workman pursues the opemtion of
planing.— W. H.]
408
Dakin & Co., St. Paul's Clmrchyard.
Patent apparatus for roasting coffee in silver.
The illustration in the following page represents thn
arrangement adopted iu this apparn.tus.
300
Class 6.— MANUFACTURING MACHINES AND TOOLS. [United
NoBTH Abbas A. B. 10 to 31 ; C. D. E, 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; G. H. 25, 26.
H.
[United
t
M
8
H
sn
Si
a
~t
3
2
i
•A
3
S
S
i
KW6D01I.] Clabb e.— MANtJPACTURINO MACHINES AND TOOLS.
North Areas A. B. 10 to 81 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 38 ; O. H. 25, 26.
801
410 Babrrt, Exaix, ft Andrkwi, Kaletgrovt Iron
Work*, Btading — ^Manuftotunn tt Inventon.
A oombination of maohinny, by which flour, &o., it
poMod through th« various proceaiM of manufiioture to
t'ae complete preparation of tne biaouit. The flour, &c., ia
put into the flnt machine, where it is thoroughly mixed ; it
then pauea to the breaking-machine, where It la kneaded
until it beoomea rufiioiently tenooioua to be poaaed through
rollers. From tbeae roUera it ia oonveTed to the adjusting
rolls which reduce it to the required cumensions. It then
passes in a continuous aheet, bymeana of an endless canvas,
to another machine, where it is out, docked, crimped, and
stAmped. The biscuits are then divided from the waste
dough, and conveyed to the oven, llie waste dough is
collected and posMd by meana of a shute to be re-n^ed.
412 Wablet, James, Pool, near Redruth — Inventor.
Trammel for striking helices or spiral lines.
Frame for " setting up " mitre jomts.
414 HiTBWOOO, Oeoroe, College Street, Tpiunch —
Inventor and Patentee.
Patent metal mills for grinding wheat, barley, Indian
com, peas, and beans, fitted on a stand, and arranged
with a series of four cutting rings on each grinding plate,
to work horizontally by gearwork and pulleys. The
surface plates are prepared to receive the outtmg parts,
which are made in a series of rings. Fans are fixed to
the periphery of the revolving plate, to cause a current of
air to pass between the grinding surfaces. Adjusting
screw fitted in shoot to arrest stones and other objection-
able materials.
Surface plate, with four cutting rings attached, to show
the grinding suiface.
Single cutting ring detached firom the plate.
Patent ventilating apparatus fitted to cose, and model
of a pair of stones for grinding wheat (full size), for the
purpose of supplying a current of air between the grinding
surfaces.
416 CoRcx>BAM, Brtan, & Co., 36 Mark £an«— Designers
and Manufacturers.
Model of an improved drying kiln for malt and all other
groin, on a scale of one inch to a foot. The improve-
ments are said to consist in economy of fuel, regularity
of heat, and the prevention of condensation of steam.
Flour-dressing machine, consisting of a case containing
a mahogany oylmder lined with woven wire, enclosing
brushes hung with regulating screws upon a shaft, which,
revolving rapidly, separates the flour from the bran.
Samples of very fine wire : — No. 150, woven brass (or
22,500 holes in a square inch), 18 inches wide. No. 100
by 650, twilled brass. 3,252 feet of iron wire-thread,
weighing only two ounces. !),900 feet of brass wire-
throad, weighing only one ounce. Paper-machine wires,
7 feet wide joined. A woven wire malt-kiln floor, 20 feet
by 16 feet, with flat seams. A corn-meter's shovel, bushel
measure, and other implements used in the com trade.
Millstones for grinding wheat made of French burr-
stones, as generally in use in this country.
Portable corn-mill made of French burr-stones, to be
worked by two or three horse power, and intended for the
use of emigrants, and others.
[French burr-stones are in great request for the pur-
poses of grinding in this country. They possess both
geological and lithologioal characters of much interest.
They are met with only in the Paris basin and the
adjoining districts, in the lacustrine, or fresh-water de-
posits {Pleistocene), occurring in beds either continuous
or interrupted, and generally mixed up with beds of
sand or of ferruginous marls, which penetrate between
them, filling up their fissures and honeycomb cavities.
The beds sometimes contain no organic forms, at others
they seem to be full of fresh-water shells and land plants,
which have assumed a silicious character. The texture
of the stone* is occasionally cellular, the cells or cavities
being irregular in number, aice, and ahape, and they are
fluently traversed by thin platea, or coarae linea, of
allica. They are quarried cloae to the aurface, and are
out on the apot intoparallelopipedal piecea called "panea,"
which are bound together by iron hoopa, and then form
millatones.— J. W.]
417 Bareer, Charleb M., 22 Porttmouth Place, Ken-
nington Lane — Inventor, Patentee, and Manufacturer.
A curvilinear aawing machine, or ship's timber and
ordinary sawing frame, for sawing one or any number of
curves in timber, with beveb of various degrees. The
machine requires only one attendant, and obtaina a speed
of 1 20 revolutions per minute.
A chvular sawing, or rack bench. The machine con-
sists of a number of circular saws ^in s^ments) upon one
ahaft. ao that by one direct feed tne saws cut a piece of
timber or deal into any desired number of parallef planka
or boards. '
418
BOBINSOMB ft RvagELL, Mill Watt Work$ —
Inventors.
Patent steam sugar-cane mill, in which the engbe,
gearing, and mill, are all combined upou the same base
plate, to render it portable and independent of the
expense of masonry. — (See Plate 53.)
420 BuiNDEL, Spence, & Co., ffull, and Upper Uumm
Street — Manufitcturen.
Hydraulic seed presses. The figpire in the next page
represents the ground plan and elevation of these presses,
drawn to scale. The press No. 1 contains ten eakea of
3 lbs. each. No. 2 contains four cakes of 8 lbs. each.
A pair of presses, when fixed with the pumps attached
thereto, occupy a space of 9 feet by 3 feet. They are
usually placed on a stone inntling of this size, to which
the put^p cistern is securely bolted, as shown on the
drawing ; and this is all the fixing required.
The presses are so portable in their construction, that
they can be fixed up, or removed in two or three days
by any competent mechanic.
The pumps and valves are made of the best gun-metal
and workmanship.
A pair of presses with the pumps will weigh altogether
from nine to ten tons.
The pumps are driven from the lever end by a con-
necting rod, at a speed of about thirty-six strokes per
minute, '.ind do not require more than one-horse power to
work them.
With a pair of presses. No. 2, one man and a boy work-
ing the usual hours of a " single spell " (say from 6 a.m.
to 6 P.M.) will make from 28 to 35 cwt. of Imseed oeke.
The whole of the oil is extracted from linseed by one
operation of pressing. But in the manufacture of rapeseed,
it is in most cases necessary, in order to obtain all the
oil, that the cake should be worked over a second time ;
it is therefore desirable, when working on a large scale, to
have a press expressly adapted for the first operation,
which is called clodding.
The current expense for wear and tear on these presses
is small, and chiefly coufined to the occasional renewal of
the leathers or packings of the pumps and cylinders.
421 Faibbairn k Co., Manchester — Manufiutiu^rs.
A flour-mill.
422 HoNT, John, Botley Mill, near Orford — Inventor
and Manufacturer.
Flour-dressing machine, on a new principle.
424 Gotta Percha Company, Wharf Road, City Soad —
Manufacturer.
Printing, folding, and cutting machineiy for working
from gutta-percha castings.
Clam 0.— MANTPACTURINO MACHINES AND TOOLS. [United
North Abbas A. D. 10 to 81 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, * 19 to 33 ; 0. H. 25, 2G.
piATrwm rM 2 eiticu sp ilU. iaoh nitirmm rakltKnvtilU.
Blundel, Spence, uid Co.'t Hydraulic Se«d Fre«et.
426 Bedfobd, Joseph, Mill Hill, Leeds — Manufacturer.
Flour-dressing machine, complete.
428 BiACKMOBE, Walter, Wandsworth — Proprietor.
Model (half size) of an improved boltipg-mill, show-
ing the mode of dressing floiu: through patent bolting
cloths, without seams, with gutta-perona flaps revolving
on the outside of the cloth, for clearing the cloth while
dressing. Improved by James Ayton, of Norwich.
429 Adams, S. & C, Oldbwy, near Birmingham —
Inventors, Patentees, and Manufacturers.
Patent durable steel hand mill for grinding flour for
colonial and domestic use. New cutters may be applied
in lieu of the old ones when necessaiy. The grinding
part only of the revolving cutter touches the grain,
whereby much friction is avoided. The grain is forced
in between the cutters by a series of inclined planes,
rendering short cutters only necessary.
for
430 Thomson, W., Shotts Foundry, Edinburgh —
Designer and Manufacturer.
Flaning-mochine of novel construction. Tool
cleaning off flooring-boards and deck -planking.
432 CoLLINGE, CaiBl£8, & Co., 65 Bridge Road,
Lambeth — Designers and Manufacturers.
Patent horizontal sugar mill, intended to be worked by
cattle, wind, or steam power.
436 SpiLLER, J., Battersea — Inventor.
Flour-dressing machine.
438 Shore, Thomas, City iJoad— Inventor.
Patent atmospheric flour-dressing machine.
The usual mode of dressing flour is to brush it through
a cylinder clothed with wire, by means of brushes
revolving on a spindle or shaft within. The object
of this patent is to supersede the use of brushes by
means of fans of steel plate, or other suitable material,
which, being placed at a certain angle within the cylinder,
are found to possess the following advantages: —
The fans being placed at some distance from the wire
clothing the cylinders, the ordinary friction between wire
and brushes is avoided; whereby the wire is prevented
from wearing, and a considerable saving of power
effected.
The flour is perfectly separated from the offal, and,
being fanned instead of brushed through the wire, it is
much more free from specks or greys than flour dressed
in the usual method, while the string current of air to
which it is subjected causes an improvement in the
quality, and the wire also is kept cor^tautly clear while
dressing.
Brushes are a continual source of expense, whereas it is
scarcely possible to wear out a set of fans. The case or
box wluch contains the cylinder is furnished with a hole
at each end for the purpose of supplying th6 air required
by the fans, which air, when it has been driven, together
with the flour, through the wire clothing of the cylinder,
is carried off by means of a chimney into the me^-hutcli
above.
The speed varies from 14 to 16 sacks per hour with an
18-inch cylinder, from four to five sheets being used for
floiu'.
440 Sharp, Stephen, Siam/orrf— Inventor and
Manufacturer.
Sugar-cutting machines.
Model of a printing machine, in which the crank is
applied.
Model of oscillating steam-engine.
441
Weatherlet, H., 54 Theobald^ s JRoad—
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Machine for cleaning currants by a simple process, and
rendering them perfectly free from grit.
Kingdom.] Clam 6.— MANUPACTURINO MACHINES AND TOOLS,
North Arkas A. B. 10 to 31 ; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; O. H. 25, 26.
303
442 WnTiiup, Waltbr, 282 Wippmij — Inventor.
Patent corn mill, made at the works of Mr. Thomaa
Middleton, Lomax Street, Bouthwark.
Thin mill oonaiata of two pairs of Rtones, with conical
grinding aurfaoea, fixed on one shaft. The upiier pair
oniihea the wheat, the finer parts of the flour produced
thereby are instantly driven away through a cone of wire
placed under them ; the residue of the meal then ptuses
through the lower pair of stones, where the grinding is
completed.
The superior advantages of this system of grinding are —
Ist. Eight to ten bushels of wheat can be completely
and perfectly ground per hour,
2nd. Is a very considerable saving of power,
3rd. The meal is delivered from the stones quite cool,
havhig undergone no presRtn-e; the flour will conse-
queutly keep in good ooudition, and be therefore less
likelv to be injured by luiv atmospheric change.
4tn. A better quiUitv of flour is produced than by the
oommon mode of grinding.
5th. The stones are more easily kept in truth, and take
much less time in dressing.
443
FnuDBOUBE, O., & Co., Wolverhampti
Inventors.
Hills on pillar-stand for grinding coffee and pepper, with
two fly-wheels, friction boxes, and multiplying wheels.
[The ordinary mill in use for grinding coffee, pepper,
&o., is extremely simple in its construction, and consists
of a conical cylinder, which is out into a series of ridges
in its internal diameter: a taper piece of steel fits into
this, and its outer diameter is cut with a corresponding
series of ridges, but in the reverse direction; a temper
pin regulates, by its projection, the fine or coarse quality
of granulated particles, and the whole is set in motion by
a winch handle. The addition of fiy and multiplying
wheels are not essentially parts of the mill, but they very
materially facilitate the operation ofgrindiiig.— W. C. A.]
444
CooMBE. Benjamin, & Co, 30 Mark Lane —
Manufacturers.
A smut-maohine and corn-screen combined. The ob-
jects of this machine are stated to be to produce on the
surface of the wheat the utmost amount of friction that it
can bear without breaking or iiyuriug the grain; to fan
it at the same time; scour off the fibrous end and all
that adheres to it, and thus dean the wheat of all dirt-
clods, smut, &o. The best wheat is said to be consider-
ably improved by passing through this machine. This
machine according to its size will clean ten to fifteen
quarters of wheat per hour.
A model of a flour-dressing machine, with registered
fan-brushes and flanges complete ; also samples of brushes
and fine wire-olath used in the above.
Specimens of wove and twist wire in brass and copper,
containing 500 picks or shoots in an inch, which is
said to be the finest wire-cloth ever manuiactured; also
other specimens of very fine wove wire-cloth, and wove
wire for covering kiln-heads.
445
Gbabah, West, & Co., 304 Wapping —
Mwufacturen).
Model, made to the scale of 1^ inch to a foot, of a
horizontal mill, for crushing sugar cones. Instead of
three, the usual number, this mill has five rollers, which
are so arranged that the canes, in passing once through
the mill, ore pressed four times, whereas in a single
passage through one of the three-rollered mills they
are pressed but twice. The two upper rollers of the
mill are held down by six bolts, the lower ends of which
go through, and are secured to two wooden spring beams,
so that, m the event of the rollers being subjected to
any extraordinary strain, the spring-beams yield, and
prevent the mill from being damaged.
Model, made to the scale of 11 inch to a foot, of one
of the old vertical sugar-cane mills.
Model, mode to the scale of 1 inch to a foot, of a set
of evaporating pans, in oommon use for sugar-cane juice.
446 HuxHAMR & BnowN, Ejcetfr—lmeaton and
Manufacturers,
Mill to grind bark for tanners, adapted for horse,
steam, or hand power; it operates upon the long bark as
it is usuallv delivered at tan-yards, and saves the cost of
chopping the bark separately. This mill is exhibited in
the annexed engraving.
Huxhami and Brown'i Uuk Mill.
Emigrants' or domestic flour-mill, with a new method
of working by hand. — Registered.
Millstones to grind wheat.
447 GUJBEBT, J., 79 Wanhur Street, Soho — Investor.
Guillotine cutting machine, for cutting end joints in
wood to any angle ■•"if facility and accuracy; for mould-
ings and other w-.: '- .a joinery and cabinet-making, &o.
448 Adori'o, J. N
6 Qolden Square — Inventor and
Patentee.
A machine for rooking cigarettes. It performs 14 dif-
ferent operations l.-om a single motive axis, and is capable
of making, . simply from paper and tobacco, 80 to 100
cigarettes in a minute, and neater than those made by
hand.
Machines for making cigarettes, in the French and
Spanish styles, and for making cigars in Havannah,
Manilla, or Mexican style.
Patent accessory machines, employed in the manufac-
ture of the above articles.
449 Squibb & Co., Oreat Dover Street, Borough-
Inventors.
Direct-acting sugar-mill.
450 Gatti & BoLLA, 129 IMhorn ^iW— Manufacturers.
Model of a machine for the manufacture of French and
Italian chocolate. The good qualities of the cocoa are
intent! jd to be retained by the process,
454 Manlove, Aluott, & Setrio, Lenton Works,
Nottingham — Inventors,
Centrifugal washing and drying machine, for washing or
cleansing, by forcing water centrifugally through goods
requiring to be cleansed, and subsequently drying them
8M
Ci.AMfl.— MANUPACTURINQ MACHINES AND TOOLS. [Ukitid
North Arbab A. B. 10 to 31 ; C. D. K. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; O. H. 28, 26.
in the iMne mnohine. It it ftlao uaad in tho Mp*ration of
moiiture from atarvh, and other finely divided lubetonoee.
F'h' 1 U an engraving to ihow the form of thia ma-
chine a<lnpted for hand -power; part of the outaida cover
i« removed to abow the interior.
Mwlove, AlUott, and Co.'t Contrlfugml Wuhlng and Drying Machine.
Circular looped fabric machine frame for themanufac-
ture of woollen cloths and hosierv goods; exhibited for
the great speed and economy of labour with which goods
can be manufactured, and elasticity given to them by its
application.
Fig. 2 is an engraving to show the form of this machine
adapted for steam power, with the gearing attached.
Manlove, Alliott, «c Co.'i Centrirugal Wuhing and Drying Macliine.
455
Staioht, Daniel, ft Sons, 35 Charles Street,
Ifatton Garden — Proprietors.
Ivory comb -cutting machine, capable of cutting 120
teeth in one inch of ivory.
Part of an elephant's tusk. Other parts of the same,
cut into continuous rolls, applicable for veneering, ftc,
with the remaining part. Pieces of ivory cut and prepared
for miniatiu^ painting.
Lady's work-table, eiemplifyins the utility of outting
ivory, upon the new principle. Pleoe of ivory cut upon
the old metho<l. Various articles in ivory.
456 PnoHiii & Haout, 20) CUptton* Strut,
Maryltbont — Manufacturers.
Patent ornamental sawing machine, adapted for curvi-
linear cuttings, both in outline and perforation,
457 ToMi, O. Baiuet, ft Co., Euit India CKambtr$—
Importers and Agents.
French millstones, made at La Fert^-sous-Jouarre, to
which is applied Hanon Valcke's patent ai'rator. By the
rapidity of the rotation of the runner, the air is driven
into the deep canals made for it, and escapes by the
furrows of the stones. An active circulation of fresh air
is thus brought into contact with the meal, and it is
continually renewed and dispersed by the centrifugal
action of the stone.
468 Sataok, a., 43 £(MtoA«ap— Manufacturer.
Mill for grinding coffee, &c., ornamentally finish ad in
gold bronze, to stcmd on floor. Mill, finished bright, for
and or steam power. Bronce mill of smaller dimensions,
for counter.
Mills for grinding wheat, malt, ftc. ; for bruising oats, and
coarsely grinding other com ; for splitting beans, grinding
coffee, cocoa, drugs, ftc, and for crushing raw sugar.
Improved portable lever roaster, for coffee, malt, ftc.
Sample roaster.
Portable vibrating woven-wire-bottomed cooler, and iron
stand, for rapidly cooling aoffee, chicory, malt, ftc, after
roasting. Machine for sifting. Mills for making chocolate.
459 HcoBBS & Sons, 1 Oreat Dover Street, Borough—
Manufacturers.
Millstone made of French burrs, with wind-chest and
ventilating holes, for grinding with BoviU's patent air-
blast, by which the meal is delivered at once from
between the grinding surfaces of the stones on its produc-
tion, and in a cool state, so that it can be dressed as soon
as it is ground. The stones, by this patent, grind eight
bushels per hour.
Two millstones of a superior manufacture, for grinding
wheat.
460 Law, W., 31 St. Andrew's Square, Edit^Mrgh —
Inventor.
Machine for roastmg coffee. The globe-roaster, with
double rotatory motion, is heated in an atmosphere of hot
air through a cast-metal casing. The constant complex
motion presents every part of the machine, in regular
rotation, toward the soui-ce of heat. The following cut
shows this machine.
-31
m
I^^^B
m
w
Th
h^
HI
^
1
_l:
_i
-1
1 ■
1
-J—
1
r ■
/
/
/ /
-r
Ik
;
1 1
s
1 1
\
1
*
\m<k'» tilobc-roaster for Coflve,
me, for grinding
KwoDOM.] Cla* 0.— MANUPACTUmNO MACHINES AND TOOLS,
North Ariai A. D. 10 to 31 ; 0. D. R. 1 to 10. ft 10 to 33 ; O. H. 26, 26.
305
402 MuxiMOTON, Brtan & Edwin, lf*wark-upoH-Tr«Ht
— InT«nton and Manufaoturan.
Patent imut maohino, for oleaning com of all «oft
iropuritiea ; it oonaiata of the alz-wire bruihea, revolving
■t a ipeed of 800 ravolutiona per minute, within the
•Ihiitum of a oone, lined with woven wire of a luflt-
oient flneneia to prevent any com ftrom going through;
after the operation of thit machine, the com pane* a
imail blower attached, which may be regulated ao aa to
take out the inferior kind.
Samplea of the grain, cleaned and unoleaned.
466
Ranrin,*Richaro & John, LiMrpool—
Hanufaoturen.
Patent vertical amut machine and corn screen. The in-
ternal rotarr cylinder with beatera ia made of wrought
iron, and the external atationary cylinder of cast iron.
A strong continuoua current of air ia made to paaa through
the wheat, while it ia between the two cylinders, carrying
olf the dust, at the upper part of the machine, aa soon aa
it is disengagdd f^om the wheat by the beating process.
A lenarator is attached, for extracting sand, smos, and
Bmall grain.
Kegistered portable driving apparatus; invented for
drivins the above machine.
Models of both machines, to be driven by hand.
467
Sqdirx, Oharlbs, 20 Old Fish Street, Doetm-f
Commons — Inventor.
Timber-preserving apparatus.
468 BnRT, H. P., 238 Blaohfrian iiood^Inventor.
Timber-seasoning apparatus.
470 AsHBT, W,, 8 Prospect Place, Sheffield— Inwaim.
Upright flour-dressing machine^ which cools the meal
in the process, and separates it into the required parts,
with an economy of power.
472 Haix W., Castlecomer, Irelimd—lmeator.
Model of grinding-mill.
501 Perry, Henrt Jaiw, 3 Oreenwich Road, Oreentotch —
Inventor.
Model of a sausage chopping-machine.
502 Mansell, Thomas, 04 Pull street, Birminghmn —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Patent fly press for cutting with steel tools or knives on
an even surface of steel, with accuracy. By the system
of "bed and punch," and the still more imperfect mode
of cutting on a bed of lead, zinc, or wood, both beds and
tools are soon out of repair and destroyed ; by the patent
press both remain uninjured, being accuratoly adjusted
t3 each other, so that every part of the tool has an equal
bearing on the steel bed.
Patent boot-blocking machine, to complete the shape
in about one-eighth of the time employed in the usual
method, and also to preserve the upper leather of boots
from breaking under the joints.
603 Thompson, W., King's Culleyc — Inventor.
Hair-working machine.
504
tion of the patentee, and haa been in operation for up-
wards of twelve months. The advantages of this new
svstem are as follow: — That six hundred dosens of boot-
linings can be properW prepared for the binders in twelve
hours; and that the skins used in the above manufacture
can be pro)iared for the binder in one-tenth part of the
time now required, and at a less cost.
A machine for modelling instep pieces for ladies' and
children's boots and ahoea.
A series of pattem-inrinting blocks for printing every
description of leather, &o., used in the boot and shoo
trade.
Wait, Joseph, 12 Diike Street, Portland Place—
Inventor.
_A series of machines to supersede tht> necessity of
clickers in the cutting of women s and children's goods in
the boot and shoe trade. The process is the sole inven-
606 BlRRTDHPrEL, Hrnrt, 08 Albany Street—
Manufacturer.
Improved mould frame, for the production of superior
candles tfom various materials.
508 Oilbehtson, Joseph, I/ert/ord—Javentor.
Model of furnace for preventing eflSuvia in boiling fat,
002 POntifex & Wood, Shoe Lane, Fleet Street—
Proprietors.
Vacuum pan, as used in sugar refineries and in sugar
works in the West and East Indies, and in beet-root sugar
manufactories.
Defecator, or olarifier, for clearing the saccharine liquor
before evaporation.
Heater, as used in sugar-works.
Set of pumps, used in manufactories. Liquor pumps,
usetl in West India dlHtilleries. Copper pipes. Pumps,
for house and other purposes. Brass cocks.
[Tlio vacuum pan was the invention of Howard, the
chemist, and answers, more completely than any other
arrangement, the refiner's purpose of safety and expedi-
tion. It consists of two hemispheres (the inferior one
being double, so that it may be surrounded by steam),
which are secured by bolts and screws, and rendered, by
packing, perfectly air-tight. An air-pump is attached, by
which the air is removed from the interior, and by the
heat of the steam, which is in the lower steam-chest, the
sugar syrup is brought to boil at a low temperature, the
atmospheric pressure being removed. These pans usually
contain about 100 gallons of syrup, and yield at each dis-
charge about 11 cwt. of granulated sugar. It will be
understood that the air-pmnp is also employed to remove
the aqueous vapour as fast as it is formed from the boiling
syrup. Formerly the chest was merely filled with steam ;
but a recent improvement has been made by applying heat
to the syrup by means of steam, at the temperature of
nearly 250 degrees, circulating through pipes, by which
the evaporating'power is greotly increased. — R. H.J
604 Lawrence, James, sen., Colnbrook, Slou<ih—
Designer and Inventor.
Distributor, consisting of an iron block with six out-
lets, in which to screw six perforated pipes.
Patent refrigerator, having six iron pipes, with several
divisions, coupled together by cast-iron ends. Each of
the iron pipes contains seven tinned copper pipes, fast-
ened at either end by a flange and nut. The iron pipes
are for the purpose of passing cold water around the cop-
per pipes, while the copper ones convey hot wort or
water in an opposite direction ; the whole showing how
quickly the heat of the wort con be ti-anamitted to the
water. The figure on the next page illustrates the aiTonge-
ment of this apparatus.
Patent store-cask or vat, made with oak staves, having
a tinned copper aitcmperating pan, with air-tight lid, for
the purpose of coataining cold water to regulate the heat
of the ale or beer with which it may be filled.
[6.]
[Official Iixustrated Catalogue.]
2A
fl06
Clam 6.— MANUPACPURINO MACHINES AND T()0]A.
NoRTii Arbam a. II. 10 TO ai ; ('. 1>. v.. I TO to, «i II) TO 3.1 ; (). H. 25, 20.
rUlllTID
;;
cloMii per Any,
not aihlbltM
Tb« gnao-
for wmt of
|jiwf«nra'> nitmt ReMgentor.
606 Trtni, Hayward & Co., 85 Upper White Crota
Street, St, Lnke's — Inventors and Manufacturer*.
A patent double soda-water machine for two bottlers,
onpablo of makinK 100
muter and generator are
■pace.
The annexe«l cut represent* a patent oontinuou*-prind<
pie sodiwwuter machine, nuwle bv the eKhibitom.
This machine will supply two bottlers, one at each end,
and is ca|Ntble of producuix from .'KMI to 4(N) doien \)w ilieni.
The general arrangement oombines two distinct uutchines
in one fhune, which can be worked together, or se|iarat«,
as mav be required. A, is the condenser of gun metal,
tinned or silvered inside, and separated by a partition in
the midtlle, thus forming two condensers in one. Ksch
half providoti with an agitator, driven by the wheels R, for
intt'rmixiug the gas and water. 0, C,\re two condeiisiug
pum|)s, each havmg reoulating cooks, 1>, P, for the adniis-
HJon of gas water. E, K, ar«i two bottling cocks, attached
to their respective halves of the oondeiwer A. The pumps
are worked by abeam F, similar to that of a steam engine,
having a connecting rod at one end attaohe<l to a onuik,
with tly wheel and two hiuidles. Tlie puui]>s are attached
to the beam by side ro<ls at 0, O. When the crank is in
action, the beam by Its reciprocating motion causes thu
plungers H, H, imdemoath the pumps, to ascend and de-
sveiul in the barrels of the pum|is, forcing at each suoces-
sivo stroke, the gM and water together into the condenser.
About ten min\itos is re<iuire<l to get the charge up, and
when this la done, the bottling goes on without interrup-
tion, lite machine is kept constantly going during the
bottling. The corks having 1)een properlv regulated and
the supply kept up, as much carbonic acid gas and water
will be forced into the condenser as will equal that which
is being drawn off by the bottlers, thus keeping a conti-
nuous supply.
I
Tyler, lUywsid, and Co.'a Soda-wstcr Machine.
606 TyW)B & Son, Warwick Lane, A'ewgale Street.
Small fountain soda-water machine, with electro-plated
fountain with two cocks.
Double Boda-wat^r machine, complete, with improved
form and arrangement, by which it may be tised either as
a single or double machine. Bv placing the two bottles
at the opposite ends of the mochme, they are out of the
way of the ily-wheels, the index cocks being in the most
convenient position, one on the right and the other on
the left hand. See figure in the next page.
KihodomO CtAM n.— MANUPACrrURINO MACHINES AND TOOLS.
No»T« Ahkaii A. H. 10 TO 31 ; C. I). E. I to 10, ft 10 to «3 ; O. II. 28, 20.
307
Tylor and Hoa'i Ho<U-Wkter Mwliliie.
Well engine-pump, fixed in iron frame, for raiaing
wKtor to II great height.
Bottle or oorking-maohiue, &c.
608 Cox, William, Jlf(inoA«d<0/^— Patentee.
Improved apparatus for the manufacture of aerated
water* and other liquidit by mean* of which the impreg-
nating gM may bo luatained at a preeaure aufflcient to
eauae it* nbiioii>tion by the water or other liquid to be
norikted, without the aid of force pumps or other mecha-
nical meiuiii; n\no an imi>rove<l oonMtniction of cook or
tap. to bo employed with thi« or other apparatus of a
limilar nature,
(100 Sadoinqton, Samuel ft William, 63 Wood Street,
Chetipiuie — Manufacturers.
Dnim sieve, for sifting freely all kinds of powders
re<|iiirod W druggists and others. Straining sieve, of
Hilk lawn, fnv stifuuing starch, colours, &c.
010 noUHRA, Louts AlMK, 31 HatMionc Place —
Inventor, I'atenteu, and Proprietor
Patent colour-extractor apparatus. The apparatus turns
over on a pivot, to empty the substance extracted.
i\ 1 1 Asrkw, Charles, 271 Charlo Street,
Hitmimt-iul Road — Inventor and Manufacturer.
Moilel refrigerator, for cooling beer; the quantity to be
cooled, and the degree, are r.^gulated by the supply of cold
liquor at the different inlets.
♦! 1 2 Dawbon, John, Orem I'lvk Distillery, Linlithjow
— Inventor.
Now dixtillor or rectifier's recording close sofe, for the
puipoHo of |>rotcoting from fraud and dishonesty the
process of distillatiun. It is cIoho in all its parts, and
covered with plate glass; it is accessible for samples at all
stages of tho process of distillation; but no quantity of
spirit can be drawn unrocorded. The mechanism is com-
posed of ga\iges, valves, and fixed and movable conduits,
acted on by horiisontal and vertical rods, by means of
which the safe can bo applied to any method of distillation,
or to any number of stills.
013 Babia>w, H. B., MancK*itir, for Lm FuRan-iu,
Aimi, 7/iiw*— Proprietor.
Model of a pr«as for making wine, with impmve<l gearing.
Cask for exoludinff th« air, anil r«gist«riiig the cuntents,
(invented by Louis Hervot, Havre).
015 C'orrKT, Thomai, 4 I'n^iilmce Sow, rinAury
Siiwirt — Inventor.
RefHgerator, of a new construction, in two parts, show-
ing the perpendicular or horiiontal form of each. In
cooling worts, or condensing steam, it ex|)ose« a great
cooling surface in a snudl s|iaoe. It is easily cleaned,
and is applicable on a large scale.
6 1 7 Hallidat, a. p., 0 fi<mk I'hce, SalforH, Unnehtiitr
— Inventor.
Patent apparatus for the manufacture of pyroligneous
aciil from saw-dust and sptint dye-wood.
618 Hvu*, J., Ilifih H'//c(/«i6«— Manufacturer.
Wheeler's patent refrigerator, to cool 10 barrels (fWini
I'iO" to HO" Fahrenheit), the cooling fluid being r,io,
Wheeler's pau'it condenser, to work a 30-gallon still.
610 Hill, Evans, & Co., Hi«co«<(r— Proprietors.
Model of a patent vinegar apparatus. The process of
aoetiflcation is conducted in a close vessel, and instant
combination of the oxygon of the atmosphere ensues. IVv
this apparatus the use of sulphuric, pyroligneous, <>r
other foreign acid, is rendered unnecessary.
021 Maitkrman, Joh.n &Thoma8, 38 llnmlStr«<>t,
Xntcliff—lnventora and Patentees.
Apparatus for bottling liquors, and machine for cork-
ing bottles. The principle of the bottling apparatus is
the filling of bottles through syphons, from an open ves-
sel, into which the liquor flows irom the cask, in a stream
so regulate<l as always to maintain the liquor in the ves-
sel at nearly the same level.
[The principle of the corking machine, is, to force tho
cork into the bottle through a conical tube in contact
with its mouth, so placed as to form one continuous tube
with its neck, and having the lower orifice so small that
the cork must be considerably conipressed in passing
through it.]
623 Thomson, Andrew, & Younger, W., & Co. —
Designers and Inventors.
Apparatus for heating and cooling worts in the process
of fdrinuntation.
[Wort is tho fermentable infusion of malt. In tho
apparatus for heating and cooling worts, the hot liquor
is passed through a series of pipes encased in others,
t'-.'-ough which the cold liquor passes in a contrary diroe-
tjo^ ' us tho hot liquor meets a progressively cooler
tc ■ lum, ind, on the contrary, the cold liquor comes in
contact with a hotter. The object is the saving of fuel.
— W. D. L. R.]
624 Cooper & Bursill, Eaatboumc, Stmex, ami 9 Vori
Terrace, Homsey Road — Proprietors.
Patent aerating machine; a corbonating machine,
adapted to the manufacture of aerated waters.
630 Ti«J!ARD, W. L., High Street, Aldjate—Propriaior.
Model brewery, in operation.
631 Plimseix, S., -SAp^<;W— Inventor.
Improved wanning apparatus.
1A3
u
CIVIL ENGINEERING, ARCIIITECTUUE, AND BUILDING CONTRIVANCES.
■ " INTRODUCTION.
This Class embraces a variety of objects directly or indirectly connected with the purposes of construction.
While the prccedius had reference to tlie iwrsonal or domestic wants of mankind, this occuines a wider field, and
inclndes contrivances adai)ted to the prcjiaration of public works, as well as of private dwellings, and embraces
the sciences of architecture and civil enfjineerinij in their most extensive sense. The general title of the Class,
" Civil Engineering, Architecture, and Building Contrivances," sufliciently inilicates its extent and defines its
Ihnits.
The followiuji; subdivisions inch'dc all that can bo properly said to belong to this department of the Exhi-
bition : — A. Comprises Foundations and Huildint; Contrivances connected with Hydraulic Works, such as I'ilos
and Pile-drivins;, Cc;Ver-dams, Diving-b(;lts, Horing Tools, &c. These are necessarily represented by models
only, or in great part, as the works themselves are of too great magnitude for exhibition, 1). Scaffolding and
Centerings lor the erection of Chimneys, Columns, Towers, Bridges, &c. ; Portable ScatVoldings, Ladders, Fire-
escajies, &c. ; Centerings for Arches, Domes, Vaults, &c. C. Forms an important sulxlivision, comprehending
Bridges, Tunnels, and Engineering contrivances for crossing ravines, &c. D. Relates to Dock, Harbour,
River, and Canal Works. E. Lighthouses and Beacons. F. Hoofs, Buildings, and contrivances for covering
large areas. G. Water-works, and the Engineering contrivances connected with the obtaining, storing, and
distribution of Water in towns. H. Gas-works, and contrivances connected with the economical production
of Artificial Light. I. Sewerage, Cleaning, Paving, and the contrivances connected with the sanitary conditions
of towns. J. VVarming and Ventilating Domestic Residences, and contrivances for such purixwes.
Objects in this Class are found in the IJuilding at the western end of the North Gallery, and also in the Areas
and Avenues partly occupied by CUasses 5 and 0 in the Groimd-tloor, North side. Several beautiful models
connected with this Class have likewise a place in the Central Avenue or Nave.
Containing a numlwr of costly and beaiitiful models of many of the great triumphs of civil engineering and
architecture, this Class presents an interesting view of the state and caiiabilities of the sciences it represents at
the present daj'. Among the objects included under the subdivision of Bridges, &c., will be found some of the
most elalwrats and accurate mwlels prou.vbly ever constructed. Some of these are so minutely correct, that it
is stated that even the threads of the screws are reduced to a scale. Tubular, susitension, and other bridges, are
reitrescntcd by some of these models, which are on a large scale. Chain-jiiers, and piers of other descrijjtions,
each indicative of their applicability to the particular purjioses for which they are designed, or to the positions
occuiiicd by the originals, are also exhibited in their models. Ilie ap])lication of iron chain-cables to purposes
of this kind, and its history, are recorded in this Catalogue and illustrated in the Exhibition. A variety of
bridges on new jirinciples, or ujion new modifications of principles already known, are also shown, and their
resiiective merits are capable of lieing ascertained in the models.
Dock and harlwur works are also adequately represented by their respective models. Among others is a
model of the Breakwater in Plymouth Soimd, executed in limestone, and presenting a favourable idea of that
great work. The lens-a]i]iaratus of lighthouses, in most recent and improveil forms, is exhibited not by models
but by the apparatus itself. A large numlier of models are of works projiosed to be executed, and convey a
strong impression of the various directions in which inventive skill is exercised. Interest will lie excited by
many well-execntod models of structures in cast and wrought iron. The api)lication of these metals to the jmr-
]U)ses of construction, so largely illustrated in the Exhibition Building itself, forms an im|)ortant feature in the
history of modern architecture, and is also represented by various models of conservatories, such as the great
Palm-housc at Kew, roofs of railway stations, &c. The miscellaneous contrivances connected with the
simjiler construction and arrangements of private dwellings are found in great numbers. Many of these relate
to ventilation, to windows, doors, and chimneys, and appear to promise improvements of importance in these
res|>ects.
'hie study of this Clas? is instructive, as the means of attaining an approximate idea of the present state of
the sciences of civil engineering, architecture, and constmction in our own country. The objects illustrating
the Class can scarcely lie said adequately to represent the subjects embraced by the Class, since they lose the
advantage of V.eing seen of their due dimensions. While in Class 5 it is jossible to exhibit the actual machine
engaged in raising the Britannia Tube to its site, in tho present C!lass the Tulx) itself, the most wonderful
engineering structure of its kind, can only be exhibited in a moflel, l)earing but a small proportion to the size
of the original. This is of little moment to the engineer or architect, but to others, unaccustomed to estimate
from a scale. Class 7 docs not apjwar so imiwsing as the [ireceding ('lasses, although in reality it contains
practical representations of the most mighty works of construction undertaken by any nation in recent times. —
It. E.
CIVIL ENGINEERING, ARCHITECTURE, &c.
North (rAi.i.KiiY, ank with Ci.AfiSKs o & (5.
3oy
1 SlEBE, Aoonsrns, 5 Dcmmxrk Street, Sulio—
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Three-motion diving maohiue air-pump, with a figure
of a man equipped inadivingdreHHand liolmet for working
tinder water. Tlie annexed tigiira roprosoiits the diver's
dj-esfl, &c.
Figure representing the Uiver'a Uresa.
Viiso made of tlio wood and metal of tho wreck of tlie
Uoyiil (joorge, Huuk atSpitUoad iu tlio year 1782.
2 Oearv, Stephen, 19 Enston Place, Enston Square —
Inventor.
Model of a patent stationary fire-engine, fitted uj)
witliin tho pedestal of a lamp or other post, or fixed in a
ciust-iron framed box under the pavement, containing
hose-pijK), &c.
Improved Venetian perf anted blind and shutters.
Model of stone-paving for streets, &c., by tiimis framed
on a new principle.
Model of improved railway carriages, containing open
coupdt's and accelerating driving-wheels, with model of a
railwiiy ti'uck for running narrow gauge trains on the
broiid gauge lines.
3 CJbeen, Ben., 3 ArciJc, Xcwciustlr-vjiuu-'J'jne —
Designer.
Model of the central ai'ch of the Ouse-bvmi and Wil-
lington viaducts of the Nowcustlo and North Shields
llaihvay, erected by John and Benjamin Groou, in IS'iT-S.
(Jeoniotrical drawing and view of the Ouso-burn via-
duct; also of the Willington viaduct.
Tile piers and abutmwnts are of stone; each arm is
composed of three ribs, formed to the proportionate C'lrve
sliciwn iu the model. Kvery rib is put together with
Clinch deck deals, in lengths of from '20 to 45 feet, and
two of the deals in widtli. The first course is formed of
tH o wliole deals in widtli, and the next of one wiiole and
two lialf deals; and so on alternately until the whole rib
irt forra?d. Kach rib consists of l.'i deals in height or
tiiicknesa, :uid the ends are butted one against the other,
breaking joinc, so that no two of tlie horizontal or
radiating joints shidl come together; tlie whole are con-
nected with oak trenails, or pins, each of which passes
through three of the deals in thickness. Between every
deal a layer of brown (laper, <lipped in boiling tar, is laid,
to secure the joints from being affected by wet, and so as
to make the timbers bed tiglitly one upon another. The
ends of each rib are inserted into largo cast-iron shoes or
sockets, which are first fixed to the springing stones of
tlie nuusonry, and secured with long iron liolts, four to
c:ioIi \)late, run in with lead ; the three ribs are connected
togotlier with diagonal braces and iron bolts.
The spandrils formed by the oi-ches, being great, on
account of the span, the framing ia made in proportionate
strength. A beam, 14 inches square, is fixed about the
middle of the spandril, inclining upwards to the crown of
tho arch, fivnn which struts are carried, both above and
below it; the above, are perpendicular to the longiti.dinal
beams of the roadway, — and those below, are radiating to
the centre of the arch.
The longitudinal beiuns under the roadway are 14 inches
sipiare, and transverse joists, 3 feet 6 inches apart, and
projecting aliout '2 feet on each side, are laid across to
receive the .'l-inch planking, which is covered with a com-
jiosition to form a roadway.
The spandril-framing is connected and bound, both to
tiie roadway and to the ribs, by means of iron bolts,
straps and Icoys, in tho different situations shown on tho
model. One of tho radiating struts in each spindril is
•-•arried on from tho rib to tlie longitudinal beams, pass-
ing through and run down the piers nbout 8 feet.
In this system of timber-bridge building, the straight
trussing iu the main principle of support is dispensed
with, for the spandril-framing must not be looked upon
as such; it is merely a. combination of wood-work, to
convey the weight coming upon the roadway on tho
simple curved rib, and all timbers in a state of tension
are avoided; for when a weight comes upon a roadway,
the whole structure undergoes compression.
[Tho cost of the Ouse-bmn viaduct was 24,500/. Tliat
of the Willington viaduct was 23,002^ It was when
engaged iu designing the bridge for crossing the River
Tyne at Scotswood, in 1827-8, that Mr. tireeii firat pio-
jected the laminated arch; but tho depth of water, its
rapidity during Hoods, and tho uncertainty of the foiiu-
dations, rendering the building of many pioi-s expensive,
caused Mr. Green to recommend a suspension bridge at
this spot. On tho day of opening of this suspension bridge,
12,000 persons rushed on atoiico, when the weight on its
centre was not less than 408 tons, and it proved capable
of sustaining this weight. — S. C]
Model of tho monument erected on Penslier Hill to
the late Earl Durham, in 1814.
Geometrical drawing, in colour, of the first proposed
wooden bridge with stone piers across the Tyne, at Xew-
civstle-on-Tyno, at a high level, in 18:!8.
Geometrical drawing, in colour, of design for tho pro-
posed high-level bridge, in stone and iron, at Newcastle-
on-Tyue, in 1841.
Plan from Gateshead, tlirough Xewcastle, in the line of
the high-level bridge, 1841.
View of Scotswooil wrought-iron suspension bridge
over the Tyne, erected in 1828-9.
View of the monument erected on rcnslier Hill.
Model of the Grey Column at Newcastle-on-Tyiie, 1837.
View of Gi'oy Street, Newcastle-on-Tyno, iis designed
previous to its commencement.
View of the interior of the libraiy of tho Literary and
Philosophical Society, Xe«ciuit!e-iiii-Tyne.
-t M'KlllDV, J. G., IlirkironI, Lesmahmji}, ScotlamI
— Producer.
Model of a wooden bridge, for foot passengers. Id feet
span, besides 2 feet of bearing at each end. All the prin-
cipal timbers incline to one centre, thereby forming, lus it
were, three arches. It may be erected (on piers, rocks,
or piles) at little expense buyond the luivterials.
5 AssER, I.ouis, 147 Jtci/ciU Street— Inveutov.
Model of a bridge. The inventi(m consists of blocks of
a form which iiiny bo applied to stone, iron, wood, or
other niatcriiils in the construction of bridges, tunnels,
breakwaters, &c. From the form of these blocks, and
their mutual bearing, the pressure is equally distributed
over the whole mass.
G RiODELL, Tjios., I Miirlict TerndY, Smtthijdte Roail,
fiiUnijtim - Inventor.
Model of a building, showing how talc may bo used
instead of glass.
810
Class 7.— CIVIL ENGINEERING, ARCHITECTURE,
North Gallery, and with Clabseb 5 & 6.
[United
7 Tdbner, R., Hammersmith, Dublin — Inventor.
Model (scale, A inch to the foot) of the sogmeutol curved
patent iron roof iit the Loudon and North Western Rail-
way station, Lime Street, Liverpool. The area, roofed
over, extends from the fa^tde in Lime Street, to the
viaduct, over which Hotham Street passcfl; and from the
new offices to the parcel offices on the opposite side; the
extreme length is 374 feet, and the breadth 153 feet, in
one span.
Model (scale, ^ inch to the foot) of section of the great
iron and glass palm house, in the Royal Botanic Oardens
at Kew. The building contains upwards of 4U,300 super-
ficial feet of glass, or nearly on acre. The total length of
the building is 'M2 feet U inches, the centra portion being
1 37 feet 6 inches long, and lUO feet wide, and U9 feet
high to the top of the lantern light, the wings are each
112 feet 6 inches long, and 50 feet high. It is heated by
hot water, on an improved principle.
Brass model (st. 'i, i inch to the foot) submitted to
His M^esty the King of Prussia, for a winter garden at
Berlin, to cover half an English acre.
Model (scale, ) inch to the foot) of the winter garden,
in iron and gloss, curvilinear form, in part erected for the
London Botanic Society, at their garden in the Regent's
Park,
Model (scale, ^ inch to a foot) of a curved iron roof
for a wet dock, sufficient to cover a man of war, in full
soil, on entering for examination and repair pi-evious to
being sent out to sea.
Model (scale, ^ inch to the foot) for a dockyard, curved
iron roof, for man-of-war ship building. The two pre-
ceding models were submitted to the Admiralty by the
exhibitor.
Models and sections of the structures proposed for the
Great Exhibition Building, by the exiubitor. One of
these is the only model out of the 243 submitted in com-
petition, that had the Transept, which with the Nave was
to be semicircular, and was all throughout 1 10 feet high
in the centre.
Brass model of one of the modes of constructing the
200-feet dome of metal zones and ribs, with wrought-iron
chain bars within, by the exhibitor.
Double range of columns and galleries, to form the
support in lieu of walls for the said 200 feet dome.
Models of a railway, a range of conservatory, and a
round conservatory. ( With Cluaa 6.)
8
Clark, George Delianson, 12 London Street,
Greenwich — Producer.
Iron castings to be used for architectural purposes, in
combination with, or instead of, bricks or stone. Speci-
men wall — showing the mode of using them.
9 Finch & Willey, Windsor Foundry, Liverpool —
Manufacturers.
Model of a wrought-iron bridge to carry the South
Wales Railway over the river Wye at Chepstow. De-
signed by I. K. Bmnel, Esq., C.E., and now in course
of construction by Finch and AVilley, of Liverpool,
engiueei's. The following engraving represents this
bridge. {Main Avenue West.)
Rrunel's Wrought- iron Bridge over the Wye.
Working model of a high-pressure steam engine, having
a glass cylinder luid glass valve box, through which the
piston and valves con be seen working while the engine is
in motion. Maker, William Pemberton.
10 Gates, William, Mirficld, war Leeds — Inventor.
Two self-acting doughs, which divide the fall of water
into two pai-ts, drawing at half fall. A boy could draw one
made to any size, or with any depth of fall. It would
answer for drains into tidownys. The power to draw
increases in exact ratio with lliu pressure.
1 1 Coles, W,, .1 Charimj Cross — Inventor.
Two anti-friction ])ulley8.
Two models of anti-friction railway cai'riogcs.
12
Redman, J. B., 5 Xem I'ulnce yard, Westminster —
DeHJgner.
Model of the royal t<jniicu pier at Milton-on-Tlmme.s,
next Gravescud, dcHignad by the exhibitor, and made by
Salter of Hammersmith. The pier is constructed of iron
by Fox and Henderson. The pillars ore founded upon
piers of brickwork and masonry below the bed of the
river, resting upon the solid chalk substratum, at a level
of 14 feet below low water of spring tides. These founda-
tion piera were erected without the expensive aid of coffer-
dams, by the novel means of cast-iron cylinders six feet
in diameter, kept always above the rise of the tide, tlio
upper portions being removed as each pier wns finished.
13 Berminoham, Thomas, Clarendon Lodge, Sandy-
nuiimt, Dublin— liufrovev,
A box of improved patent compasses. The legs, which
draw out, have fine needle points, and a pen and pencil to
tuni on a swing, forming a useful set of instntments in one.
This instrument is made after the pattern of Ddsird
Lebruu, by Elliot, Loudon.
Ill the following cut, A A represent the stems of the
cniiipatiHes. B B, elongated bars whicli run into the
stuiuM worked by sci'ewB. C C, the screws. D, pen, and
ItrrmiiiKlitm'ii Improved C<iin|i(isse.'<.
KlNODOH.J
AND BUILDING CONTRIVANCES.
North Gallery, and with Classes 5 & 6.
311
E, needle point, either ot which may be turned to the
end by pivot F. O, H, pen and pencil, worked Hame as
D, E. The entire form« but one inatruinent.
A model of Thenard's moveable flood-gates or lifts, called
"hauses," for rendering rivers navigable, and supplying
the place of fixed stone weirs, which exhibits a mode
of fixing the lifts, or hauses, at the bottom of the river,
so as to prevent stonework impeding the current. They
are cheaper than weirs; prevent the flooding of adjacent
lands; and are useful in fisheries, mill-power, arterial
drainage, and navigation. They are iu operation in the
river L'Isle, in Fi-ance.
14 Jetfebt, Robert, Ujipcr A^orth Place, Gray's Inn
Road — Inventor.
Railway tunnel signal, intended to prevent accident to
a train while in a tunnel, from being overtaken by another
train. At present, if from slackness of speed, temporary
stoppage, or any impediment, a train is detained in a
tunnel, great alarm is felt by the passengers, lest the
following train should overtake it. This invention ex-
hibits a large white disc by day, and a lamp by night,
eitiier of which is self-acting; and it is displayed con-
spicuously at the upper edge of the arch, immediately on
the train entering, remaining in sight until the train leaves
the other end of the tunnel, when it instantly disappeara.
This is repeated whenever a train enters and quits the
tunnel, without any assistance. The following train ia
always reminded by the presence or absence of the disc
or lamp, whether the tunnel is clear or not. It also in-
dicates to the authorities, by any unusual length of
time during which the diso is in sight, the existence of
some interruption in the tunnel.
15 Hahhono, Richard Charles, 45 Baldwin's Gardens,
Leather Lane, Holborn — Inventor and Manufacturer,
Model of a convex-chain suspension bridge.
10 PxATT, Major, 7 Upper Area, Ilungcrford Market
— Inventor,
Moveable flight of steps, for tidal rivers, Tlie steps
are entirely independent of each other.
New self-acting trap for street drains ; it can be easily
fixed or moved, without displacing the brick-work on
which the grating rests.
1 7 Green, Joseph, Caledonian lioad — Inventor,
Model of moveable dam for river operations; and of a
new plan of shifting a dam for constructing sea-walls for
docks, piere, harbours, &«.
18 Clark, Charles, C.E., k'ca-siile Hotel, Hastings —
Inventor.
Model of a proposed giiuid ship canal through the
isthmus of Suez, to save 5,000 miles of sea passage, or half
the distance to India.
19
James, Jabez, 28a Bi-oad Wall, Lambeth —
Manufacturer and Designer.
Model bronzed fountain, with steam-engine for supply-
ing it. {Main Acenue West.)
20 Watt, W., Olustjow — Manufacturer.
Hydro-pneumatic lift, for canal locks.
Hydro-pneumatic elevatore.
Patent hydro -pneumatic ship-lift.
Application of compressed air for tho prevention of
voiisels from sinking,
21 West & Oreoson, Union Street, Oldham — Designers
and Manufacturera.
Model station-meter for gas-works,
Kxperimontal meter, for ascerttiiuing the consumption
of gas per hour, of any description of burner, in cast-iron
case.
Consumers' gas-meter : i<atent en;unollod inside, whereby
the iron is preserved from oxidation.
24 Morton, Samuel & Hugh, Leith Walk, Edinburgh —
Inventors and Manufacturers,
Model of a patent slip, for hauling up ships, of the
largest class, for repaii-s — a cheap substitute for dry docks
— with model of a frigate.
[Slips for hauling up ships for repair were very early
used at the MediteiTonean ports; but the mechanism
which rem ^ved the excessive labour cf the operation was
invented and patented by Mr. Morton in 1818, Before
this system wan adopted, the cost of hauling up a ship of
500 tons was 170/, ; it is now reduced to 3/, A slip may
be constructed for one-eighth part of the expense of a
dry dock. Upon a well-constructed slip, a steam-engine
exerting 1-horse power for every 100 tons will draw a ship
at the rate of 2 J feet per minute. — 8. C]
25
Martin, John, Lindsey Home, Chelsea —
Designer and Inventor.
Self-acting valves for sewer and house-traps.
Plan and model of railway, invented 18B4. This prin-
ciple of rail has been adopted on the Great Western line.
Section of rail and laminated beam. This beam is
employed on the South Western and South Eastern
Railways, and in other structures.
Sections of fire-proof and laminated beams, and their
application to strong, light, and durable roo&.
Elevation of proposed bridge at Westminster.
Elevation and sections of centre ai'ch of bridge, showing
the laminated beams, stays, and cast-iron planting ; the
general principle of construction being applicable to all
bridges across rivers with low banks.
Model of framework cube used in the construction of
ships, floating batteries, harbours, and piers.
Plana and sections showing the application of frame-
work cube and laminated fire-proof beams to ships, har-
bom's, &c.
Lighthouse for the sands, and sand indicator, invented
1829. Lighthouses on this principle have been erected
on the Maplin Sand, and elsewhere.
Cleaving anchors, with piles and cables of wood lami-
nated with iron.
Drawing and model of life-boat.
Mode of working and ventilating coal mines.
Drawing and model of pipes and couplings, which can
be quickly connected together, or disunited.
Drawings and models of filter drain pipe and mode of
laying.
20 FoRSTER, James, 5 South John Street, Liverpool —
Inventor and Patentee.
A fountain, and four household filters; the whole of
the water being filtered by the apparatus in its passage
through the service pipe. The sole manufacturers are,
Cochrane and Co., Woodside Iron Works, Dudley.
{Central Avenue.')
27
Reneztnski, Captain George Alexander,
31 Tonbridge Place, New A'odrf— Inventor.
Self-sustaining suspension bridge, which may be built
of wrought-iron or wood; free from side oscillations, and
having little deflection.
Steam-power engine for railways or tui-npike roails,
with six wheels, and self-feeding boiler, requiring no
tender; with locomotives, &c.
A hauo-t)ower-speed machine for railways and tiu-npiko
roads,
Au improved quadrant stand.
28
Stuart, William, M. I. C. E., Plymouth, Devon—
Designer and Superintendent of tho Plymouth
Breakwater Works.
Model, iu limestone, of the breakwater in Plymotith
Sound, on a scale of 1 inch to 42 feet, with silver light-
house and beacon, made for the Exhibition, under the
direction of the Lords of tho Admu'alty . The breakwater
812
Ci^B8 7.— CIVIL ENGINEERING, ARCHITECTURE,
NoiiTH Gallery, and with Classes 5 & 6.
rUsrrK4>
V.
i:
'!
was commenced on 12th Aug^t, 1812, agreeably to a
Report dated 2l8t April, 1806, of the late John Kennie,
civil engineer, and of Joseph Whidbey, a Master of the
Royal Navy ; and has been constructed under the
auspices of the Lords of the Admiralty. Its length is
5100 feet at the top, and about' 1 mile or 5280 feet at
bottom, being nearly three times the length of the Ex-
hibition Building. At the top, it is 4.5 feet wide, and
has a slope to seawaid of 5 to 1, -uid a slope to landward
of 2 to 1. It is already composed of 3,768,879 tons of
stone. It has been 38 years in construction, and has
cost the nation about 1,500,000/. The area of Plymouth
Soimd is 1800 acres, and within the breakwater there is
anchorage for 40 line-of-battle ships, besides a fleet of
merchant vessels. The exhibitor of the model, who is
the resident engineer, has been connected with this un-
dertaking for 40 years. The lighthouse and beacon on
the bretucwater were designed by Messrs. Walker and
Burgess, civil engineers.
Polished marble slab, on pedestals, from the break-
water quarries.
Model, in limestone, of a general section taken through
a part of the centre of the breakwater, with W(<od-jetty
and crane, showing dove-tailed stones and truck on jetty.
Model, in limestone, of a section of the breakwater,
taken through the buttress and foundation of the light-
house, vrith inverted arch at the west end; and showing
dove-tailed stones.
Circular lewises, used in lifting and setting stones at
the breakwater, invented by the exhibitor in 1808.
Model, in mahogany,of a breakwater stone vessel.
Models of the breakwater and lighthouse, set in marble.
(_Jdain Avenue Wcsl.)
[The breakwater in Plymouth Soimd is formed by the
deposit of stone in unshapen blocks of various sizes, but
disposed upon a regular plan as a huge, rough, broad-
based wall, mole, mound, or dike, massive enough, if it
be compact enough, to check, if not wholly to stop the
roll of the sea under the influence of gales of wind, and to
render the part of the Sound within it a safe anchorage
during gales from the south-west. The Isle of Wight is a
breakwater afforded by nature to Portsmouth, and the
breakwater in Pl3rmouth Sound is the result of an endea-
vour to supply Plymouth with some compensation for its
natural deficiencies.
The breakwater is a mass of rock-like blocks of stones
deposited in a heap at random, as far as regards the
placing of the blocks of stone, though the heap takes
the form, in plan and section, which the model exhibits.
In this circumstance, that it is a deposit and not a
construction, the weakness of the breakwater consists.
The blocks on the outer slope, or foreshore, are liable
to be taken up singly and displaced by the action of the
sea upon it, deprived as every loose block is (and the
bulk of the work still consists of lu' >o blocks) of two-
fifths of its weight when immersed in sea-water ; and
probably no heavy sea nms into Plymouth Sound with-
out occasioning cbango of place to some of the blocks of
the outer slope. The blocks range from one ton to five
tons in weight — a block of limestone weighing five tons
being in bulk equal to a cube of 4 ft. 6 in. or a yard and
a Ltdf on every side. The greatest quantity of the ma-
terial is of the smaller sizes, and is known as rubble; but
many blocks have been deposited of considerably more
than the largest size named, and many even of these have
been known to be taken up by the sea from the outer
slopes and thrown upon the crest of the mound, whilst
thousands of tons, have since the commencement of the
work been thrown over the mound from the outer to
the inner slope. It may be questioned whether the
breakwater is not, at this time, from this cause, further
u]> the Sound than when it was originally planned.
The breakwater is disposed in three connected com-
partments— the centra], or main body, which is 1000
yards long, and the eastern and western parts respec-
tively, which are each about 350 yards long, above high
water.
The Digue, or breakwater, at Cherbourg, opposite to
Plymouth on the other side of the Channel, is, in like
manner, mainly a mass of deposited rubble, but of gene-
rally smaller-sized stones. It is more than double the
length of Plymouth breakwater, or about 2jmiles.— W.H.]
29 The Royal Scottish Society or Arts, £dinbnoyh—
Producer.
A square bar of Low Moor iron, of superior quality,
2^ inches square, twisted, in a cold state, into a spiral
form by the action of the steam-engine, while carrying
the borer of a cylinder which had suddenly stuck fast.
Model of a suspension bridge, designed to show the
best position of the imder stays (which are not placed
symmetrically, but at irregular distances from either end
of the bridge) to prevent the destructive effects of vertical
oscillation.
[After the most careful calculation of the strength of
iron, when subjected to the application of force, in the
direction of its length, or its tensile resistance, bridges
constructed of iron-chains and rods, which promised to
last as long as those made of stone, have suddenly given
way. The principal cause of the sudden disruption of
the rods or chains of an iron suspension-bridge, and its
consequent fall, is the tendency to vibration or oscil-
lation in the whole structure from its uniformity and
catenarian form. A chain-bridge, from its very nature
has a tendency to swing to and fro, and unless this be
prevented by ties or fastenings to some rigid structure
fixed in the groimd, it will, after a certain number of
regular oscillations, snap in two at the weakest part, in
consequence of the momentum acquired by the swinging
mass.— R. W.]
Model of a stejun-boat, constructed for an inkstand.
30 Roebuck, Josephus Jagoeb, Huddeisfield—VroAncor.
Model and drawings of No. 4, skew arch of the Hudders-
field viaduct, built in stone, over the Bradford Road.
Scale one inch to three feet.
Model of one of the springer quoins, showing the
oblique checks for the insertion of the voussoirs of the
spind courses of masonry.
Model of springer course complete, showing the whole
of the checks.
Models of two of the arch quoins, showing the form
and twist of Kos. 4 and 5 arch quoins of the obtuse
angle of the arch.
Model of one of the spiral courses of the voussoirs,
shovring the spiral plane from the acute angle of the arch.
Drawing of No. 4 skew arch of the Hudderafield via-
duct, by which the above model and detail models were
constructed. Scale one inch to six feet.
[Skew, or oblique arches, ore those the faces of which
are not at right angles with the abutments. It is believed
that the first skew bridge was built by Mr. W. Chapman,
in 1787, over the Kildare Canal, near Naas. The method
of finding the directions of the courses of brickwork or
masonry, and the shapes of the various moulds for the
latter, ore explained fully in treatises on oblique arches,
— S. C, jun.]
31 Hdbwood, Geoboe, College Street, Ipswich, Suffolk —
Inventor and Patentee.
Window made to open and close in one or in several
parts by the application of the ratented apparatus. Used
for ventilating the Exhibition Building.
KlNaDOM.]
AND BUILDING CONTRIVANCES.
North Oali-kry, and with Clashes 5 & G.
813
owing the whole
pswich, Suffolk —
Various models, showing the mode of applying the
invention to different windows.
Patent ship-lights and scuttles.
Model and drawing of a breakwater.
32
Samket, William H. V., CMl Engineer —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
1. Drawing of a tubular bridge, to be called the " com-
pound hollow girder bridge."
2. Drawing to show sections and details of the above
bridge.
3. Model of the " compound hollow girder bridge,"
showing a proposed form of piers for bridges to be buUt
over rivers.
4. Drawing of a proposed railway carriage, with a new
guide-rail for preventing carriages running off the rails.
5. Drawing of a proposed method of building stone
bridges.
33 Lowe, Wiixiaji, Belton, near OrantAam— Inventor.
Model of a portable bridge, for the use of an army in cross-
ing rivers ; and adapted for a landing stage in a tidal river,
when fixed on a wharf, as it can be worked out, or in, to
suit the ebb and flow of the tide, leaving clear the whole
width of river at high water. It might also be used to
form communications with the upper floors of detached
warehouses, &c.
34 Bain, Chaiu.es, Morden Street, Greenwich —
Inventor.
Radial gauge cock for steam boilers, to show the height
uf the water within by the index hand on the outside.
Elevating machine, to be used in the construction and
repair of towers, chimneys, &c. The platforms are alter-
nately closed on the building, and elevated or depressed
by the vertical screws.
Compound bridge, to allow the passage of masted
vessels without interrupting the roadway.
Tubular bridge, the pressure in which is sustained by
the fluid in the tube.
39 TowNixr, Wiixiam, 99 Holbom Hill— layentor.
Specimens onnachinery, ^c, accompanied by a model
of the surface or superstructure of London Bridge, upon
a scale of three-quarters of an inch to the foot; and work-
ing models illustrative of a new system for washing and
watering streets, lanes, courts, alleys, &o. ( With Ctaues
5 * 6.)
40 Nicholson, O., jun., 1 Hurcourt Street, Marylebone
— Inventor.
Model of railway spring-buffer carriage, with self-acting
spring life preserver appended; of scaffolding for building
purposes ; of a fire-escape; and of a machine for simul-
taneously watering and sweeping streets, &o.
35 Gandell, Edward Frederick, 3 Princes Street,
Westminster — ^Designer.
Model of a method for erecting a lighthouse on the
Qocdwin Sands.
[The difficulties that have attended the erection of a
lighthouse on the Goodwin Sands have hitherto been in-
surmountable, owing to their great depth, and theu- con-
stant liability to shift. No erection can be considered se-
cm-e that does not at least rest upon the chalk, and pos-
sess gravity or strength in itself sufficient to resist the
violent action of the sea: the greatest observed pressure
per square foot of surface, exposed to the action of the
waves, is 4,335lb8.— S. C]
36 BvNE, Ralph Horace, 10 Eccleston Street, South,
Pimlico — ^Draughtsman and Modeller.
Model of a design for an iron girder railway bridge.
37 Hunt & Gandell, 3 Princes Street, Westminster —
Designers.
Design for the new bridge at Westminster. Spans,
250 feet, 300 feet, and 250 feet ; headway, 27 feet ;
inclination, 1 in 36.
38 Sacred Harhonic Societt, Office, Exeter Hall —
Producer.
Model of the orchestra of the Sacred Harmonic Society,
Exeter Hall, an amateur society established, in 1832, for
the performance of oratorios, &o. Its orchestra comprises
114 stringed instruments (including 16 double basses),
31 wind instruments, and chorus of 500 voices, num-
bering in all 645 performers (there is also a large organ),
conducted by Mr. Costa. The model was executed by
Mr. Phidias Clarke, on a scale of half an inch to the foot.
{Main Avenue West.)
41 CuvE, John Henry, 12 Stanlnope Place, Hyde Park,
and Tunatalt, Staffordshire — Inventor.
An illustrative model of a bar-trellis suspension bridge,
to make a more secure and cheap roadway over rivers,
without obstructing the navigation by high-masted vessels.
The greatest part of the weight is laid on the lower parts
of the suspension towers, by tapering the construction
throughout from the base, beginning with strong suspend-
ing bars, and decreasing their strength to the summit, so
that the tops of the towers shall have the least possible
weight upon them, trussing and bracing together the sus-
pension bars. The shortest suspension bars being made
the heaviest, and the longest bars the lightest, without
affecting their efficiency, each being constructed so as to
be equal to its task, expense is saved by lessening the
quantity of material to be used, and undulation and
lateral motion as in chain bridges avoided, the bracing
and trussing giving rigidity and a united hold.
42 Woods, F. F., 5 Petlutm Terrace, Brompton —
Inventor, Patentee, and Manufacturer.
Patent union paving, for public and private roads; a
new application of materials, being a combination of wood
and stone ; designed to possess the following advantages :—
Less noise than stone-paved roads; less mud than roads
made with loose stones; less slippery than wood paving;
besides having a better foothold for horses, and being
more durable than the latter.
The principle of this invention consists in the applica-
tion of stone and wood to the construction of a paving
material, which is effected in the following manner: the
stone which is employed for the purpose, is broken into
pieces, and inserted in grooved or perforated blocks of
wood, as in fig. 1, which is a section of one of the blocks,
showing the position of the broken pieces of stone in the
grooves or holes of the block.
Fig. 1.
Block of Woodn' Union Fivin;.
The grooves or holes in the wood are about 3 or 4
inches deep; 2 or 2^ inches wide, and 2 inches apart.
The pieces of stone ore driven into the grooves tight
with a hammer, and their angles or comers are made to
penetrate the wood at each side, so an firmly to retain
their position. The pieces of stone are driven hard on
to the wood at the bottom of the grooves or holes, which
are previously lined with a small portion of . compo-
sition consisting of small gravel and ground lime. When
the grooves or holes are filled up with the pieces of stone,
a portion of the same composition is poured over the
surface, and compressed with a brush or otherwise, in
order to fill up any interstices that may remain between
the stones and the wood. There are various designs
which may be formed for the arrangement of the grooves,
either for beauty or utility; and circular holes vasy be
also used, according to a variety of patterns. These
ought to be of 3 or 4 inches diameter, and within an
inch or half an inch of each other. When straight
grooves are used, which are most easily constructed, the
814
Class 7.— CIVIL ENGINEERING, ARCHITECTURE,
North Gallbby, and with Classes 5 & 6.
[United
illuatrationa in fig. !) and fig. 3 will show the appearance
which the paving will amume. These deaigna may be
applied to blooka of any size.
m^f^'^^'^'^'^m^^a^m'^tit^em
StnJght gfoovad Bloelu ; panlli'l and oontinuoiu.
Pig. 3.
Htimight grooved Block* ; puallel and dlMonUnuoua.
When the grooves arc cut in a az-zag form, the illus-
tration, fig. 4, shows the appearance of the pavement.
This design is to be applied to planks 3 inches by
11 inches.
Pig. 4.
'^
sJVV
\/^
V' V
r-^X^
ibH
"^
^'^ r]r^
,^
i/'sj
P^
-^^j
NW
»Vy^2
K^
f^J\
'^^^
^v
<iy
^
►>*%
y^
n^
Zig-ng grooved PUnks,
The fourth illustration, fig. 5., shows a design in-
tended for the use of round timber, and causing but
small waste in preparation. The holes in these blocks
are cut in the form of equilateral trianglp'-.
Fig. 5.
\jiA/V^VA/^\/fV<A/\/\i
6^
Aa^\X
xAAAAfiAAAiS
^ji
Equtlatenl perronted Blacks.
The fifth design, fig. 6, is applicable to blocks of any
- :e and, instead of grooves, has circular holes in the
blocks. The angles of the stones are seen in this figure
as well as in the other figures projecting into the wood.
Fig. 0.
Circular perrorated Hlocka.
Tlie sixth design, fig. 7, is intended for the same use
as that in fig. 5. The holes in this design are circular,
and so dispoised that five holes are contained in every
block, which is constructed of the hexagonal form.
Pig. 7.
Hexagonal perforated lllocka,
The blocks can be placed on thin boards, laid close to
assist in keeping the under soil from coming up through
the joints between the blocks; to aid in distributing the
loa«l passing over the blocks more equally; and to pro-
mote the under-drainago of the paving, (Outside, West
Entrance.)
43 BooLET, — , 2 Queen Square Place, Westminster—
Inventor.
Revolving window-sash, ( With Classes 5 ^ 6.)
44 Teasdell, Wuxiin, Great rarmoulA— Inventor
and Designer.
Model of a coffer-dam, on a new principle.
Model of a life-boat and carriage.
45 Chapman, Jos., Frome — Designer and Manufacturer.
Model of a bridge across the Wylye, at Upton Level,
Wilts. Span 42 feet. Each parapet is formea by trussing
a beam of red pine, on the system of Herr Laves, of
Hanover; but to increase its rigidity an additional beam,
9 X 5^, is bent to form an arc, chord 38 feet, versed sine
23 inches; the ends abutting into cast-iron shoes, through
which the outer suspending bolt is made to pass. The
solid ends of the trusses have their bearings on stone
piers, and the outer transverse girders have bearings on
corbels in the abutment walls . The roadway is susiranded
by inch screw-bolts, and rises nine inches towards the
centre.
46 DoNKiN, Brtan & Co., .Sennondwy— Producers.
Model of the sliield or frame invented by the late Sir
M. I. Bnmel, and used by him in the construction of the
Thames Tunnel.
47 Grodt, Abbaham, 8 Shepherd Street, Tenter Oroiind,
Spitulfielda — Inventor and Manufacturer.
Wire bridge for pieces of ornamental water in gentle-
men's parks, ftc. ; in which all the iveight is borne by the
hand-rail; its object is lightness and durability.
48
AsKSW, C, 27J^ Charles Street, Hampstead Road
— Inventor.
Improved and ornamental shutters, either in metal or
wood, adapted for shops and private houses.
Patent filter. Paddle-wheels.
49 Brcff, Peter, fpswich — Designer.
Model for a proposed national harbour of refuge on the
east coast of England, with two entrances, one from
HoUesley Bay westward of Orfordness; and the other
from Aldborough Bay, eastward of that point.
50 Gardner, Hannibal, 3 Essex Street, Islington —
Inventor.
Double cone blocks, or artificial hollow stones fur
building wharf and sea walls, docks, harbours, breakwaters,
lighthouses, baths, warehouses, Ac. The object is to
facilitate building in water to any depth without dam-
ming, and with unusual r^idity; when the cavities arc
filled in with cement or concrete, a solid mass is foiiued.
51 Beadon, William, 1 Crescent, Taimtvn, and Otter-
head, Churchstanton, Honiton — Inventor.
Patent door; and with Classes H ij- fi, the following —
Kew patent water-shoots, for security against drip,
made of clay, stoneware, glass, cement, and other sub-
stances; applicable to thatch, and not iu^uenced by tem-
perature or exposure.
New patent barge cc- lii.;;
Patent water-shoo cojii'ig; which saves brackets and
wall plates; and combines water-shoot, wall-plate, and
coping. Its object is to supersede external wood work
connected with roofs.
52 Todd, C, Leeds — Inventor and Designer.
Modf'l o.' a girder {leith Classes .5 4' 6)> or the vertcbi-al
arch, representing its most simple form; originally in-
vented and designed for a bridge to cross the river
Knroooii.l
AND BUILDING CONTRIVANOES.
North Qalleby, and with Classes 5 & 6.
815
Mersey, at Runcorn Oap, in one apon of 1,263 feet. The
span of the aroh of thia model Is 31 feet, being about
^tb of the span proposed for the bridge. The principle
was suggested by considering the oonstruotion of the
bacli-bone of an animal.
53 Hkinkx, Charles E.— Inventor and Manufacturer.
Patent submarine helmet, dress, and apparatus, for
examining and repairing of ships' bottoms, at sea or in
dock, for the recovery of property from sunken vessels,
and for making and repairing tne foundations of viaducts
and harbours.
Patent helmet idr valve, for protecting the diver's life
in case of any accident happening to the air-hose. It
contains a sufficient quantity of air (say from ten minutes
to a quarter of an hour) to give the diver time to ascend.
Patent helmet slide, which the diver can instantaneously
close should the glass be accidentally broken.
Improved connecting joints, calculated to resist power-
ful pressure, having a double safety-cap attached.
Kew-invented signal dial, by wmoh the diver is enabled
to make known his wants,
[The earliest mention of the use of the diving-bell in
Europe waa in 1509: in 1687 treasure was brought up
from a sunken ship by William Phipps, a native of Ame-
rica, But the first practically useful diving-bell was the
invention of Dr. Halley, in 1720, who also contrived a
helmet to enable the diver to go out of the bell, and walk
at the bottom for a considerable time. These dlAring hel-
mets and dresses have been improved from time to time,
and are now extensively used by engineers in hydraulic
operations. — S. C]
54 Devet, Geo., 16 Qreat Marlborough Street — Inventor.
Model, illustrating a proposed method for obviating the
nuisance arising from the smoke of ordinary house fires.
by combining with the present sewerage a general system
of underground smoke drainage.
The preceding cut shows the mode of application to exist-
iug buildings, and the general arrangement proposed: —
1. By connecting the ordinary flues with the aewer in
the streets.
2. By adapting these flues, now formed for transmitting
the smoke upwards, to the downward current proposed.
3. By providing, in these arrangements, for the present
action being resumed, at any time, for the purpose of
inspection or repair.
Pig. 1. A, Sewer.
B, Horizontal connecting flue from chimney in kitchen.
C, Valve, or register for regulating opening.
D, Junction (by present flues from basement,) of flues
frrom chimneys above; the smoke from which, aacending
in the usual way on reaching the opuuings at E, would be
drawn down by the current produced by exhaustion in
the sewer; the action being assisted by the heat from the
kitchen fire.
E B, Openings forming passage for smoke across chim-
ney-breast, out through partitions or withs, with a valve
set in each. By means of a balance weight, these would
be made to act simultaneously, and remain open or shut
as required; forming, when open, a downward passage for
the smoke under the action of the new system, and, when
shut, a passage upwards by the existing flues. Thus,
allowing the ordinary action upwards to be instanta-
neously resumed in case of accident, or during any ope-
ration, such as cleansing or repair.
F F, Stone to front of chimney-breast in roof, to take
down for access to valves.
Fig. 2. Openings at E E to larger scale, with valves
shut for passage of smoke upwards as at present.
Fig. 3. Openings at E E; open for passage of smoke
downwards as proposed.
Devey'i Smoke Removal Plan.
55
Banks, Lanolev, 23 Parlia^ncnt Street, Hull —
Designer and Manufacturer.
Twin geometrical staircase. It requires the space of
one flight only, admitting jiersona to ascend and descend
independently of each other. Adapted for confined
places, and particuloi'ly for public buildings where show-
rooms are roquired.
60 BoTDELL, J., 54 Thrcauiuvdtt: Street — Inventor
and Manufacturer.
Skeleton frame of a building, iron and wood, exhibiting
a now method of joining iron joists and raftoi-s to wood,
nud framing a roof by wedging iron laths in grooved
rafters. Also a light framework of iron, rolled at once into
the shape required to form a ceiling, and receive the usual
plaster. Its object is to limiv the ravages of firo.
Door to be used in a firo-proof house.
Section of a ship's side, showing a method of casing iron
ships with wood, without using bolts or rivets. By the
introduction of a non-conducting substance (that used in
the model being silex and gutta perclia), between the
wood and the iron, a vessel may be coppered without risk
of dcoomposition from contact of the copper with the
iron.
New method of framing the sides of iron ships, the
object of which is to obtain greater strength at loss cost.
811
CUM 7.— CIVIL ENGINEERING, ARCHITECTURE,
North Gallery, and with Clabseb 5 & 0.
[Unitiu
67 OoBR, WiLUAM, 8 MeatU Place, Southampton Street,
CambericeU — Inventor.
Self-a4ju*ti'>8 ohimney-iwMping tnaohlne. {With
aaue»6^6).
58 Oribdaub, John Edwin, 289 Slraml—Inrmior,
Modtl of a wind-guard for imoky chimneys.
69 Moruxll, G., 149 Fleet Street— layenior,
Regiatereti iron abutments and tension rods on piers.
60 Kkrrino, C, 177 High y/o/ftom— Inventor.
Patent window and model. A new and simple
vention for taking out both sashes to clean, &o.
in-
til Sadler, John H., LeeJt — Inventor and Patentee,
A bridge for railways or other purposes, composed of a
series of girders balanced upon piers, presenting singly
the appearance of the letter T. The entire bridge is
composed of a chain of these girders and piers, TTT; the
girders are firmly locked together at the centre of the
arch, each having teeth, like those of a spur-wheel, cast
on both sides at each end, and plates with similar teeth
oast on them, which are nicely fitted, teeth within teoth,
and bolted firmly together, making a very strong joint;
the bolt-holes through the girders being made oblong, an
allowance for contraction or expansion is provided.
[A continuous beam, or bridge girder, resting on several
piers, ia stronger than if the girders were disconnected at
their points of support, in the proportion of about 5 to 3.
— S. C]
62 Lowe, Auce, & Co., Snlford, Manchester — Inventors
and Patentees.
Patent eiHuvia trap gratings or grids, applicable to
public streets, courts, passages, hospitals, houses, and
sink stones, for preventing the noxious effluvia in main
sewers and drains from escaping to the surface. (See
the annexed cuts.) A sewer grating.
Lowe & Co'i. Patent Trapa.
The application of these traps may be seen in the model
cottages erected by H.R.H. Prince Albert, opp"-lte to
the Exhibition Building.
63 Bell, William, 40 Picktrimj Place, Paddiiigton
— Inventor.
Suspension-bridge for railway purposes, made rigid by
girders attached to the suspension chain. Suspension-
bridge on the same principle, designed for northern rivei's.
thickly troten in winter, so as not to Impede the passage
of the ice when it breaks up,
Bridge of one arch, of 2.50 feet span, designed for orna-
mental waters. Constructed on the tensile principle, and
calculated to support with safety a load of 47'i tons.
Roof, of 400 feet span.
Self-acting flood-gate, for keeping up a uniform head
of water in uull-dams, weirs, &o,
[The power of the same water wheel depending upon
thu quantity of water admitted upon it, and uniform
motion being requisite in the prime mover of all ma-
chinery, it follows that the aeight of water in the mitl-
dam should be maintained at an uniform level, or a self-
acting sluice worked by a varying head, added so as to
regulate the supply. If the first can be attained with
certainty, it will ensure more perfect action. — S. C]
04 Natlob, William, 56 Jamais Street, Oxford Street—
Inventor.
New glass registered ventilators, opened and shut by
the meana of a rack and pulley, as a sun blind.
65
OuvEB, 0., 68 John Street, Tottenham Court Jioad
— Inventor.
Registered ventilator and chimney-pot.
Fire-escape, applicable to all the storeys of a building
at the same time.
66
Hurst, O., High Street, Bedford— Dwigaer
and Inventor.
Model of a partition, to rise from and sink into the
floor, as required.
67
Horn, Archibald, 39 Baker Street, Pentonmlle
— Inventor.
Self-acting iron shutter for the protection of shop-win-
dows or doors, bankers' or merchants' safes, ground-flour
windows, &c. ; claiming, in use, convenience, portability,
and freedom from friction.
68 Hill, Samuel, Clifton, I'ork — Inventor.
Model of a window, with six panes to open and shut
separately, swinging top-heavy to ensure their remaining
open, and fastened with a spnng.
Model of a fireplace with ventilating air chamber behind .
Sliding guard, intended as a protection against ai
dents by fire.
69 Bates, T., 9 Domiwjo Street, Old Street — Inventor
and Manufikcturer.
Mode of sash-frame and sashes, to open inwards, fur
being cleaned.
70 Remington, G. W. & J., 138 Sloane Street
— Inventors.
Modbl No. 1 represents an engine with a straight-
working shaft. Upon it are fixed two levers, which are
connected together by means of a spindle, which carrier
a circular bolt; this bolt is fitted into on opening formed
in the centre of the plate which connects the piston.
By tliis arrangement of parts being applied to the inside
or a cylinder, the reciprocating motion of the piston is
converted into rotatory motion, and an engine of gi-eat
simplicity is obtained.
Model No. 2 represents an engine. The reciprocating
motion of the piston ia changetl into rotatory motion by
means of cylindrical wedges, two of which are fixed upon
the working shaft, and the third is placed between; to
the centre wedge is attached the piston, which is re-
tained in a right line by means of the covering pipe and
cross-heads shown outside the cylinder. The power of
this engine is uniform throughout the stroke : its con-
KlNODOM.]
a unilbnn head
, Oxford Street-
am Court Jlmtd
yg of a building
AND BUILDING CONTRIVANCES.
North Qallbrt, and with Clahheh 6 & 6.
317
■truotion in simple and dlffloult to derange, and ia suited
for farm and agricultural purpoaea.
Breakwater model, No. 1. — The chief part of the
■uperstruoture ia to be composed of wrought iron, form-
ing a square or other rectangular figure of any required
dimensions ; the inside is strengthened with diagonal and
longitudinal ties and braces. Tiers of masonry are to be
constructed at intervab, and each section of the break-
water will extend from the centre of one pier to the
centre of another, leaving bays or openings between the
piers, below the level of low water, for the free passage
of the tide; and in this way harbours formed by enclo-
sures from the sea deep water may be always maintained,
Bre^rwater model. No. 2. — This model is upon the
same principle of construction as the above, but designed
for hwbours in less depth of water. The superstructure
is composed of wrought iron; the cross sections are
circular. This is appluiable to landing-stages, piers, and
jetties.
1. Plans, drawings, and description of metropolitan
railway imion, and great central station, proposed by
the exhibitors.
2. Elevation of the proposed iron breakwater.
3. Drawings of patented locomotive engines.
4. Drawings and description of an improved fire-
escape.
71 Giles, Alfred, 9 Adelphi Terrace — Designer.
Model of a curved timber roof, suitable for warehouses,
4o.
Model of a repairingor dry dock, constructed of brick,
with stone copings. The form of the dock, and the use
of brickwork for such a purpose is stated to be new, and
the economy, as compared with stonework, considerable.
72 M'Lean, Charles, 110 Fleet Street — Inventor.
Models for shop fronts.
73
BoccH, Thomas, Edinburgh — Inventor and
Designer.
Model of an apparatus for shipping and unshipping the
trains of the Edinburgh, Perth, and Dundee railway, at
all states of the tide. The large steam vessels, in con-
nexion with the appai-atuB, were designed and constructed
by Mr. Napier, of the Lancefield engine works, Qlasgow,
74 Harris, J. C,
Model of a shop firont.
Bristol — Inventor.
75 Jackson Sl Clay, 21 Homer Street, Lambeth —
Inventors.
Fire-escape, in the form of an ordinary piece of fur-
niture, to be fixed to the floor by thumb-screws opposite
A window. Provisionally registered.
76 Spukoin, John, Guildford Street— lavmtor.
Endless ladder and crane, intended to obviate the
chances of being upset at the summit.
Patent paddle apparatus for boats and steam-boats, to
prevent backwater.
Model of a patent vertebrate or jointed bridge, its
strength being derived from wrought iron on the edge, by
an arrangement which allows of flexibility in one direc-
tion, but effects a resistance or abutment in the other; its
object is strength, facility of construction, aud port-
ability.
77 Peile, J. J. & Co., 74 Marketplace, Whitehaven—
Inventors and Manufacturers,
Specimens of ship screws.
78
Rosseix, Henry Heathoote, C.E., 20 George St.,
Adelphi — Inventor and Designer.
Invention for a tidal staircase for landing passengers
from craft at any elevation of tide, which by its arrange-
ment (upon the Archimedian screw principle) revolves
as the water ascends or descends, and thus preserves the
steps perfectly dry.
Model of a jetty, or landing-pier, designed for Douglas,
Isle of Man, upon the same principle, constructed of wire
rope, in lieu of chain plate and rods, the vertical rods are
compose'' ' iron tubing, the whole supported on screw
piles, wit> idal staircase at the extremity,
[The screw pile, the invention of Mr. Alexander Mit-
chell, of Belfast, is one of great interest and value ; it has
been employed for the foundations of lighthouses, beacons,
jetties, and other submarine works (see Minutes of Pro-
ceedings of the Inst, of Civil Engineers, February 22,
1848).-S. C.J
Speedy louis, invented to expedite the hoisting of
light stones in the erection of buildings, &o. By this
contrivance it will be seen that it ia impossible to lose
any of the component parts, as may be the case in the
ordinary louis, which consists of five separate pieces, the
loss of any of which renders the remainder useless. This
model has been tested by the hoisting of a block of 5 tons
of Portland stone with safety. An ordinary louis for
comparison.
Model of suspension-bridge, upon the exhibitor's patent
principle, whereby undultvtory and vibratory motion is
prevented, and the bridge rendered sufficiently rigid for
the purposes of railway trains, marching troops, or other
transit.
Competition design, upon the same principle, for the
roilviray suspension and lift bridge uniting Cologne and
Deutz. (On Wall.)
Improvement upon Taafe's slating^ ; registered bv the
exhibitor. By this mode each slate is secured at all the
four angles, with the advantage that any single slate may
be taken out and repaired, without disturbing the rest.
Skeleton model of a Gothic tie-beam roof, to show the
comparative modes of slating, the arrangement of the
rafters, the saving of timber, &c.
Design and proposed site for a bridge at Westminster,
to harmonize with the New Houses of Parliament, and
preserve the present approaches; dispensing with the
necessity of erecting a temporary wooden bridge for the
traffic during its erection; thereby saving 40,000/, (On
Wall).
Design for a new bridge at Cologne.
79 Shield, Joseph, Newcastle-upon-Tyne — Producer.
Model, showing the process of manufacturing shot from
lead.
[Shot are made by melting lead, with which, usually,
some arsenic is combined, at the top of a high tower.
The melted metal passes through a cullender, and falling
through a large column of air, at length falls into a water
butt on the ground. The heights of these towers vary
from 200 to 300 feet. In the progress through the air,
the sphericity of the shot is obtained, and after being
cooled in the water, they are selected, mixed with a little
plumbago, and put into a small octagonal cask, which is
made to revolve by mechanical power — in this way all
roughness is removed, and the shot are polished. — ^R.H.]
80
HooKE, Thomas, 80 New Cut, Lambeth-
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Registered portable bed-room flre-escape.
81
Natlor, Matthew, 121 Sadnor Street, Huime
— Producer.
Illustration of sewering, paving, &c., at Manchester.
82 Wells, Georoe, Admiralty Office — Inventor.
Universal telegraphic lighthouse, intended to prevent
mistake as to its identity; this is accomplished by cutting
81t
O1.AM 7.— CIVIL ENaiNRERINO, ARCHITECTURE,
North Oam.bry, and with Clahhrh R ft 0.
[UmriD
four or more •pertiirea in thepreMnt buildingiijurtbolow
th« Untem, and fitting the openings with ground plate
glaw painted no an to leare the illuminated initial of the
partioular lighthouee diatbot. The anneied figure re-
praMBti the proposed lighthouse.
WelU' Unlvenatl Telegraphic IJghthotiMi.
[Owing to the difficulty of identifying lights on a coast,
the least number that can be employed ia the heat; but if
some distinguishing mark can be fixed to a lighthouse, by
which all possibility of mistake is prevented, some ob-
jections to frequent lights would be removed. — S. C]
84 Layamcht, Jean Baptistk, 9 Sichmond Buildings,
Dean Street, So/10 — Inventor.
Model of a portable bridge (known in France under the
denomination of Pont portoline), extending or retracting
on grooves.
86 Hawes, Crawshat, & Co., Gateshead, Ne\rca»tle-
upon- Tunc — Manufacturers.
Model of the high-level bridge across the Tyne, at
Newoastle-on-Tyne.
Samples of cable and other chain, as used in Hsr
Miyesty's navy, from the greatest diameter to the least.
00 Ddnhill, Thomas, C.E., 19 Fortress Terrace,
Kentish Town — Projector.
Model of an aggregate cattle market, abattoir, carcase
market, ftc, occupying together 65 acres, and proposed to
be established in the N. by W. suburb of the British
metropolis, and embodying in detail the following arrange-
ments : —
A principal entrance, with 500 feet frontage for offices,
&c., flanked with buildings, their interior areas forming
carcase and other markets. The market would occupy
an area of 23 acres, and would accommodate 6,000 oxen
40,000 sheep.
Calf and horse markets are also provided for, with
abattoirs, &c.
Pasturage andlayerage would surround the market, &c.,
on all sides.
91 Haduet, Charles — Producer.
Specimens of patent paving.
92 TiPLKB, T. W., fi«ff6^— Inventor.
Model of a fire-escape.
93 Leobas, L. N., 2 Tennistm Street, York Road, Lambeth
— Inventor.
Various inventions in connexion with sewemge, &c.
94 Eix, Geobcje, 3 Tottenham Court, Sew Road —
Inventor and Improver.
Adjustable scafibld observatory or fire-escape, appli-
cable to a variety of purposes, and may be adjusted to
anr height within its range, supporting itself with safety,
independently of any attachments.
The maohine consists of a series of hollow rectangular
frames, sliding one within another, after the manner of
the tubes of a telescope; mounted upon wheels, and
hoisted or lowered by ropes and pulleys, by means of
winch handles, turning a barrel, round which are twisted
the lower ends of the ropes of the second frame. By a
repetition of this arrangement each frame is riiised out of
the tnuae below it, at an equal rate with all the others,
but the absolute velocities of all the fttunes successively
are in arithmetical progression.
Adjustable ladder ; supports itself by means of swinging
pole attached to the back, braced by light iron work ; can
be easily taken to pieces, and put away m a small oompasH.
Wheelbarrow, for the use of excavators and others.
Folding steps, with bowed sides, suitable for general
household purposes,
95 Bremner, James, David, & Alexander, C.E.,
Glasgow — Inventoiti.
Model of an apparatus for building sea-walls in deep
water.
Models of life-boats, with a laive chamber in the centre,
in which are three paddles worked with cranks instead
of oars.
Model of the means used for raising the iron steam-
ship, " Great Britain."
Model of cranes used in uaking the harbour of Lossie-
mouth, Scotland.
Scale of the models, ^ of -si? inch to a foot.
96 Smith, B., Bron Seiont, C-jmarvon, Wales—
Inventor.
Models of a double line of railway (of four-rail mixed
gauge), for the assimilation of railway gauges; see the
engraving on page 319.
Models of two tunnels in wood, and one in glass.
Models of five railway carriages.
The accompanying two diagrams are in illustmtion of n
new sysvcn of woricing railways, intended to dispense
with eJl ii.LiNik of gauge.
The plan sug^'ested is to convert the narrow-gauge
railways into broad-gauge lines, by laying down rails of
the seven-feet width on the outer sides of the present
narrow-gauge railways, so as to fVirm them into four-rail
mixed-gauge lines, until the ti'affic be entirely transferred
from the narrow-gauge to the broad-gauge rails, when
i.he inner or narrow-gauge rails would be permanently
removed. The new form of carriage hera proposed, as
shown in the diagrams, has thi-ee pairs of large wheels
placed on the outer sides of the body.
Description of *he Engraving. — ^The arch represents one
of the tunnels on the London and North Western Kail-
way; in height 22 feet above the rails, and in width 24
feet.
The horizontal line across the arch and above the car-
riages represents the height above the rails of the loweHt
bridge between London and Holyhead, being 14 ft. 3 in.
A. Eud section of the new wide-gauge second-cliiss
carriage, intended to form part of this plan and to hold
48 passengers.
B. End section of one of the narrow-gauge second-class
carriages in use on the London and North Western lines,
which holds 24 passengers.
c. End sections of the (seven feet) wide-gauge rails, to
be laid down on the outer sides of the narrow-gauge lines.
d. End sections of the (4 ft. 8^ in.) roils, forming the
present non-ow-gauge lines.
The four lines of rails taken together represent the
four-rail mixed gauges, to be temporarily laid.
E. Side section of the new wide-gauge second-class
carriage, intended to form part of this plan, and to hold
48 passengers; and be the steadiest at high velocities,
owing to the wheels being placed nearer to the ends.
KiNODOM.]
AND BUILDING ' "JN xHOm.
North Oalubrt, and with ( v*Mn > ft 0.
n9
■call oftlghlbHtoulMh.
■cBl* of elghl (M 10 u lach.
Bmlth'i AaimlUtlon of Riilwty Otuge*.
97
Wilson, M., Middle Church Street, WhUehavm—
Inventor.
Vertical water-wheel, to be used as a breast-wheel, or
iindershot-wheel, having governor-paddles so constructed
M to obviate the baok-water, and increase the efficiency
of the wheel. Its peculiar features consist in the feather-
ing action of the paddles, and the application of the
balance-bolls in connection with them, to adjust their
gradual descent upon the abutments at each revolution,
by which repeated rotary concussions are avoided.
98 RuNNiE, G., 21 White/tall i»/ac«»— Inventor.
1. Model of a stone bridge proposed for Westminster,
and submitted to the Committee of the Housa of Com-
mons in 1846. Total length, 827 feet; number of arches,
7 ; total waterway, 768 feet. Spans of arches— Bliddle
arch, 130 feet; two arches, each 120 feet; two arches,
100 feet ; two arches, 95 feet. Height above Thames
high water— Middle arch, 27 feet; two arches, each 25
feet; two arches, 23 feet; two arches, 20 feet.
2. Model of a bridge proposed for Westminster. Total
length, 752 feet; number of archeS; 6; total waterway,
690 feet. Middle arch, 150 feet; two side archos, 140
feet; two side arches, 130 feet. Height above tidal water-
way—Middle arch, 27 feet 6 inches; two side arches, 25
feet ; two side arches, 24 feet.
3. Model of a bridge proposed for Westminster.
Number of arches, 7; spans, each 100 feet; height above
Thames high water, 26 feet.
4. Model of a bridge recently construotod over the
river Meuse, in Belgium, for the Namur aud Liege Rail-
way, at Val St. Lambert. Length, 525 feet; number of
arches, 5; width, 26 feet; spans, each 80 feet ; versed
sine, 10 feet.
5, Model for a bow and string ghtler bridge, propoited
to cany the Prussian Railway over the Rhine at Cologne,
agreeably to the programme of the Prussian Qovemment.
Span of each opening, 572 feet; span of drawbridge, 96
feet, by Oeoive Banks Rennie, jun.
6. Model of a design of a Harbour of Refuge for Dover,
submitted to the Commisuioners, by the same.
90 The Commissioners of Northern Liobthocses,
Edinburgh — Proprietors. Mr. Aian Stevenson,
Engineer.
Revolving dioptric apparatus of the first order (same
as that at Skerryvore). This apparatus consists of two
parts. The principal part is a right octagonal hollow
prism, composed of eight large lenses, which throw out a
powerful beam of light whenever the axis of a single lens
comes in the line between the observers and the focus.
This occurs once in a minute, as the frame which bears the
lenses revolves, in eight minutes, on the rollers placed
beneath. The subsidiary part consists of eight pyramidal
lenses, inclined at an angle of 50° to the horiion, and
forming together a hollow tnmcated cone, which rests
above the name like a cap. Above these smaller lenses
(which can only be seen by looking from below) are placed
<> j^c plane mirrors, whose surfaces being inclined to the
horizon at 50° in the direction opposite to that of the
pyraiiiidal lenses, finally cause all the light made parallel
by the refraction of these lenses, to leave the mirror in a
»20
CuAU 7.— CITIL RNOINEERINO, ARCHITECTUnR,
NOHTH OaLLIRY, and WITH CLAMU 6 & 0.
[Ukitkh
i I
t
i
borinnUl dirMtion. Th« objaot of this Mrt U to turn
to UMfiil •ocuunt, bv pn)Iongiug tba iluntion of tli« fliuih,
tb»t part of the light whioh would otherwiiw oiioa|>e into
th« •tniiNipherB ahove tha main lunaeti. This in effaotetl by
siving to tha up|i«r lenHW • ilight horizontal dlvergeuoe
from the vertioM plane of the prinuipnl lanne*. Bulow, are
five tian of totallv reflecting priimi, which intercept the
light that paaaaa oelow the great leniee, and by mean*
of two refleotioua and an intamiodiate reflection project
them in the ihape of a flat ring to the horicon.
Fis'd dioptric apparatua uf the flnt order (lame m
that hi. Ilia of May, with varioua improTemanta), The
principal part conaiaU of a oylindrio belt of glaaii, whioh
■nrrounda the flame in the centre, and by it* action re-
firaota the light in a vtrtical direction upworda and down '
ward 10 as to be parallel with the focal plane of the
■yatam. In thia way it throwa out a flat ring of light
equally Intense in every direction. To near obnerveni,
thia action preaenta a narrow vertical band of light
depending for ita breadth on the extent of the horizontal
angle embraced by the eye. Thia arrangement, therefore,
Ailflla all the oonditiona of a fixed light, and aurpoBMB in
•fleet any arrangement of parabolic reflcctora. In order
to Have the light which would be loHt by pauing above
•nd below the cylindrio belt, curved mirrom, with their
common focus in the lamp, were formerly used ; but on
the auggestion of the present engineer, the adaptation of
eatadioptrio aonea to thia port of the apparatus was, after
much labour, sucoessfully carried out. These zones are
triangular, and act by total reflection ; the inner face
rf/ractimj, the second totally refiectimj, and the third, or
outer face, a second time refractiiuf, so as to cause the
light to emerge horitontally. The apparatus has received
many smaller changes by the introduction of a new mode
of grouping the various parts of the framework, by whioh
the passage of the light is less obscured in every azimuth.
During the last four years, these iuiprovements have been
introduced into the lighthouses in Scotland.
[The dioptric system of lights was invented by M.
Fresnel a.d. 1819.~S. C]
Model of the Bell Rock Lighthouse, lighted in 1811.
This lighthouse was executed according to the design, and
under the superintendence, of the late Robert Stevenson,
Esq., F.R.S.B., Engineer to the Commissioners of the
Northern lighthouses. The model shows the progress
of the work ; the temporary barrack-house of timber ;
the railways, stone lighters, and cranes used in its con-
struction; and on the pane at one end of the case, the
oouraes of masonry, with their dovetails and joggles.
Cost 61,331/. 9«. 2d. The bird on the top of the model
was carried against the lantern in a gale, broke a pane of
Slaas, iqjured one of the reflectors, and fell dead on the
oor of the lightroom.
Model of the Skerryvore Lighthouse, on the same scale
as No. 3. The light was exhibited in 1844. The light-
house was executed according to the design and under the
superintendence of Mr. Alan Stevenson, LL.B. F.K.S.E.,
the present engineer. Cost 86,977/.
Miodel of balance crane, designed by the late Mr. Robert
Stevenson, and used by him m the erection of the Bell
Rock Lighthouse, for raising and setting the stones at
any distance from the centre of the tower, in which the
stone and the counterpoise balance each other by being
continually kept at an equal distance from the shaft of
the crane.
Model of the apparatus of an intermittent light. De-
signed by the late Mr. Robert Stevenson, and introduced
by him at the lights of Tarbertness, Barrahead, and Mull
of Qalloway, on the coast of Scotland. This appanttn
eclipses the light suddenly for half a minute of time, and
as suddenly reveals it to view, when it continues in sight
for two and a half minutes, and is again suddenly eclipsed ;
thus producing its whole effect in three minutes of time.
The suddenness of its eclipse and reappearance, and the
inequality of the periods of light and darkne.M, form a
marked contrast to the gradual waxing and waning which
precede the brightest phase and dark periods of a revolv-
ing light, all tha phunoniena of wliich ruuur at eiiiiul
intervals of time.
Model of a lighthouse lantern, on tha diagonal arrangn-
mi'Ut. Deitignud by Mr, Alan Htevonson, for th« puriHiMi
of avoiding the une(|ual distribution of the light to which
the old lanterns wore liable from the interception of ravi*
in certain azimuths by means of the vertical aatrngufH.
Great rigidity and strength are also insured by thin
arrungeinunt, and the triangular fonu of the panes rondfrn
them leas liable to ba broken by the force uf iuipingiiig
IxKlies.
Mechanical lamp of four wicks, in whioh the oil is kopt
continually overflowing by the means of pumps, whioh
raise it from the oisteru below ; the rapiil corboiii/jition of
the wicks which would bo caused by thu groat heat is thiiit
avoided. The floiiuiH of tho lamp roach tlioir best ofltxtt
in three hours after lighting, i <*., oftur the whole of thu
oil in the cistern, bv iKtssing and ropaMsiug over the wIcIch
repeateilly, has reacned its maximum temperature. Aftnr
this the lamp often burns 14 hours without sensililo
diminution of the light, and then rapidly falls. The light
varies from 16 to 20 timea that of the Argand flame of lui
inch in diameter; and the quantity of oil consumed by it
is greater nearly in the same proportion.
Holophoto'. lU-rangeniunt of lighthouse apparatus, pre-
pared by Mr. Thomas Stevenson, C.E., in which tlui
whole sphere of light is brought under instnimentnl
action thus ; — The i)osterior hemisphere of light is roflectml
by the hemispherical mirror /and in some cases by
reflecting hemispheres of glass), and passes with thu
usual loss by reflection again through the flame, where it
is parallelizud, partly by refraction at the lens, and partly
by the parabolic mirror which is truncated in tlie
parameter. The anterior hemisphere of light is aUo
nurallelized partly by the action of the lens, and partly
by the parabolic mirror. In this manner there is no Iuhh
of the posterior portion as in the lens, nor of the anterior
portion as in the mirror.
100 Stevenson, Thomas, F.R.S.E., 84 George Street,
Kdinhiirgh — Inventor.
Revolving light, with axial rotation, by whioh one-half
the number of reflectors, and ono-half the quantity of oil,
are designed to be 8ave<l. Intended for illuminating any
arc of not more than 180 degrees. Tlie intervals of timo of
illumination are equal within the whole of the illuminnttid
arc, instead of unequal ns in the reciprocating light. Tlie
reflectors aie also of a new form, consisting of parabolic
strips of diflerent focnl distances.
Ordinary parabolic reflector, rendered holophotal (where
the entire light is parallelized) by a portion of a eatadi-
optrio annular lens. The back part of the parabolic
conoid is cut off, and a portion of a spherical mirror substi-
tuted, BOSS to send the rays again through the flame. All
the light intercepted by the annular lens is lost in tho
ordinary reflector.
Holophotal eatadioptrio annular lens apparatus (un-
finished). Tliis is a combination of a hemispherical niirrm-
and a lens with totally-reflecting zones; the peculiarity of
this arrangement is, that the catodioptric zones, instead of
transmitting tho light in parallel horizontal plates, as in
Fresnel's apparatus, produce, as it were, an extension of
the lenticular or quaquaversol action of the central lenR,
by assembling the light around its ozis in the form of
concentric hollow cylinders,
(The above instruments belong to the Board of Northern
Lights.)
[The early method of illuminating lighthouses was by
fn il or wood fires contained in " chauffers." The Isle of
>! .a light was of this kind until 1816. The first decided
il gtrovement was made by Argand, in 1784, who invented
a lamp with a circular wick, the flame being supplied by
an external and internal current of air. To make these
lamps more effective for lighthouse illumination, and to
prevent the rays of light escaping on all sides, a reflector
was afterwards added; this threw the light forward in
[Ukitrii
riMiur at xjiml
■ffonal MTUiK«-
For th« piinMHui
I liKht to wliii'li
coption of rnvK
tiunl MtrnKniN.
i«iiro<l by thin
e iiiuiea roiultTN
vu uf iuiplngln){
I the oil i« kept
pump*, whloli
JM'boill/jktloii of
eat h«at ii tliiiK
tliulr boat offm t
e whole of tliu
; over the wivlcH
ernture. After
Ithout aeniiiblo
ilU. The liKht
itntl flaine of mi
3on«umod by it
apparatua, pre-
in which tlui
r initrumentiU
light ii reflected
lonie caaei by
MfteH with tliu
flume, where it
lent*, and pai-tly
nciited in tlie
f light Is alHc)
eiu), and pai-tly
there is no Iuhm
' of the anterior
Qeorge Slrfet,
which one-hnif
qunutity of oil,
luminating any
rvals of timoof
he illuniinntud
ng light. The
ig of parabolic
ophotal (where
sn of a catadi-
the parabolic
mirror gubsti-
the flame. All
loRt in the
)paratuR (tin-
lerical mirror
peculiarity of
nes, inatearl of
1 plates, as in
extension of
le central lens,
in the form of
•d of Northern
houses was by
The Isle of
6 first decided
who invented
g supplied by
o make these
nation, and to
en, a reflector
,t forward in
KlNIIIKlM.l
AND BUILDINd t'ONTIUVANCKM.
Noam (Iam.kuv, and with Ci.ahhkh Ti * (I.
Ml
pitrollHl rayn tnwanU Kiifh pi)iiit« of the horl/oii om would
h» iiHofiil to the mariner, (lood rofloftorn incroane the
lumliimiK offoct of a lamp about 4ih> times; thin in the
" ( iitciptilo" system of lighting. When ruflnctors are used
tli.iri' irt u certain ipiantity of light lost, and the "dioptric"
..r I.I irliiui system, Invented by the late M. Augustin
|'n"<iiitl, is duslgtietl to obviate this defect to some extent:
the " vatiulioptriu" system Is a still further improvement,
mill iM^ts both by refi-ixiHan and irHivtimi, Lights of the
liiiit oidor have an Interior ruillus or focal distance of
:lil'.'J inches, and are lighted by a lamp of four concentric
V.U \t, ooiummlng .^70 gallons of oil per annum.— 8. C]
101 TUCKRV, U., Iliiinpton Court Pnhci-
Proposed flra-vsoaiM).
-Inventor.
102 Maxwiu-, John, Stnhfiu-il Fniwlnj, D'lmfiut
— Manufacturer.
Vlatch-window for ho\ise-roofs.
Another, of n!ate-glass.
Cottage-windows, all of cast-iron.
Iron skylights and iron saahes.
lO-l HoPKiNHON, JoaEPH, C'hupel Hill, Itmlilersflehl—
Inventor,
IVilibin ladder for vessels in port or in distress, and
Hiiititlile for a flre-escaii« or other purposes.
10r> VioNOLKH, Charlis, 4 Tmfulqar Sqiuxre—
Designer.
Miiilcl of the wrought-iron bar-chain suspension bridge
at Kioir, now erecting across the river Dnieper, by com-
iiiuiid of H. I. M, the Emperor of Russia. Its length is
about half on English mile, and breadth bi\ English
fuut. The area of the roadway is 140,0U0 superficial feet.
{('ciitriil Areniie.)
The bridge ot which this is a model is the largest work
of the kind hitherto undertaken ; the chains on the right,
or Kiotf side of the Dnieper, are moored in an isolated
abutment, built in the river, at a sufficient distance
friim the shore to allow vessels to pass. This is effected
bv a drawbridge, b'i^ feet broad, spanning an opening
of 50 feet, TJio supports are hollow beams of wrought
htm, about 1110 feet long ; the drawbridge revolves in one
loaf, and centres like a railway turn-table; the counter-
poise retpiired is very small. The whole weight of the
drawbridge is about 150 tons.
The four principal suspension spans ore each of 440
Knglish feet. Eacli chain extends over the five river piei-s
and thi'ough the two abutments, and is more than half
an English mile long.
The platforms are suspended from the chains by
ivrought-iron rods of '2 inches diameter. The roadway is
iimile peculiarly stiff, to resist the vai-ious strains to which
it is liable,
The total r|uantity of iron employed in constructing
the bridge, including the machinery used, is .1,.')00
English tons (;^ millions of French kilogrammes, 78,000
(lurnian centners), The whole was manufactured in
England ;.tho chains by Fox and Henderson, Birmingham.
Sixteen vessels were employed in transporting the iron
front liivei'pool to the port of Odessa, whence it was con-
vo^-ed on bullock -cai-ts to Kieff, a distance of 400 English
nulos,
Tlie channel of the river Diiiuiier at the bridge is about
'Mi foot deep in sunnmir, but tho spring floods increase the
depth to ."lO, and sonii'timos to ,■),") feut.
Eight coffer-dams w;<re required for getting in the
foiuulations, and 10 steam-engines were employed on the
V orks, two being of SO-horse power each.
The foundations are on piling and concrete; the piers
and abutments are brick, faced with granite. About 1,000
tons (English) of granite oshlai- are inserted in each abut-
ment ikM an extnt masa, for tha mooring plates of the
chains to bear upon.
The granite was brongbt across a country destitutn of
har<l roads, from a disbmcn of iu<urly Ion EngliHh milns.
The hydraulic oument umployed is preparml artiflclally,
accoriling to the aVHtem poliitud out by the celcbiiituil
French engineer, VIcat.
Cost of the bridge about 400,000/. steriing, Time of
building will have l)eoii about five years; but from the
climiitti and other circuiuMtanvus not more than loo
working days in eikch year could bo calcnliktud on for the
principal lUid more dillicult piu-ts of tho work.
The whole of the piers and abutments will br brought
to tha level of the ruadway in the course of tho present
summer (IH.'il); two of the river piers will also be carried
to their full height ; and the bridge will be ooniplutely
finislied in the autumn of IH.VJ.
Every part of tho moilol is in exact proportion to tho
origliml bridge. The scale is 1 inch to 8 foet.
The two views in chromolithogmphy, which illustrato
this bridge, are from drawings executed on the spot.
[Suspension bridges of iron were introduced about tho
year 1741, at which date one of 70 feet span was thrown
overtherivorToes. Soamozzi, "Del Idea Archi," jlishod
101.5, convoys some notion of these structures, but Her-
iiouilli flrst explained their true principles. The Union
bridge over tlw Tweed, 449 foot span, constructed by
Capt. Sir S. Brown, in 18'.'0, was the flrst large bar chain
bridge erected in Britain. Tho Newhaven ami Brighton
suspeiui<in piers were also iMoctod by tho same ongiiitor.
Tlie great bridge by Telford acrosH the Menai Straits is
,'>70 feet span; it was cnimonced in May, 1810, and com-
pleted in Dccomber, 1 8'J,'). The Hammersmith bi idge,
423 feut span, by Tioniey Clark, was completed in 18'.'4.
The Montrose bridge, by Kendel, 4 1 '2 foet span, was
erected in 1829; and the Hungerford bridge over the
TImmes, 07(3^ fof t span, by Brunei, was built in 1844.
The ifi'cB-co/ie 1 ridge of Freiburg is 820 feet span. The
roadways of suspension bridges must not merely bo hinuj
from the chains, but bo rendered stiff to resist the undu-
latory motion caused by the wind. See Minutes of Pro-
ceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, Feb. lU,
1841, on this subject. — S. C]
10<5 Clauk, Edwin, 448 West 5<;-<im/— Producer.
Model of the Britannia bridge, and of the apparatus
used in floating and raising the tubus. Scale l-8tli of an
inch to the foot. Engineer, Robert Stephenson ; model
executed for Charles Mare, Esq., by Mr. Jabess James.
{Central Aveimc.)
[This bridge consists of a tube, formed of iron plates
rivetted together, and of sufficient dimensions to allow a
loaded train to pass through each. It crosses tho Menai
Straits, and connects the Isle of Anglesey with South
Wales. It was commenced August 10, 1847, and was
finished March 5, 1850, and on the 18th of the same
month was opened for traffic. The total expanse of erec-
tion was 601,800/., of which the iron work cost 443, 100/.,
and the masonry 158,700/. It contains 1,500,000 cubic
feet of masonry, 9,480 tons of wrought iron, and 1,988
tons of cast iron. — S. C]
107 Leather, John W., Zf^/s— Designer.
Model of suspension aqueduct over the river Calder,
at Stanley, near Wakefield. (Designed by Qeorge Leatho •
and John W. Leather, civil engineers, Leeds, and exe-
cuted under their direction.) This aqueduct is repre-
sented in the following engranng.
The canal which is civrried over tho river Calder by
means of this aqueduct is navigable for sea-going vessels
of 7 feet draught of water, and 120 tons burthen.
[7.1
[OkKICIAI- IH-rBTllATED CATALOGUE.]
8 B
322
Class 7.— CIVIL ENGINEERING, ARCHITECTURE,
North Gali-ery, and with Classes 5 & fi.
[United
Leather's Sutip«nsion Aqueduct over the Calder.
Thb model and unique mode of construction was
adopted in order to preserve the whole width of the
waterway of the river free and uninterrupted by piers,
which was important.
The tank or trough is 9 feet deep, and 24 feet wide
within, and it contains between the points where it rests
ujwn the abutments, 940 tons of water, more than is
contained in the whole 1 9 arches of the celebrated Pont-
y-Cysyllte aqueduct in Wales.
There is a towing-path on each aide, which projects
partly over the water within, and partly on the outer side
of the trough. By the introduction of a colonnade and
entablature (of the Gi-ecian Doric order) terminated by
an octastyle portico and pediment on the abutment at
each end, the heavy and unsightly appearance which so
large a surface of tank would have presented, is got rid
of, and a light and elegant character is given to the stnic-
ture. The suspending-rods pass through the columns to
the ends of the transverse boarere; and the steps upon
which the columns appear to rest serve to conceal the
transverse bearers, as well aa further to maintain the
architectural eflfect.
The following are the principal dimensions and parti-
culars:—
Span of the suspending arcs . . ■ 1 55 feet.
Width between the suspending I ods 30 J ,,
Length of trough between the abut-
ments 165 ,,
Width of trough 24 ,,
Depth of trough 9 ,>
Depth of water (sometimes 8^ feet)
ordinarily 7i ,,
Diameters of suspending rods . . 2J inches.
Thickness of tank -plates (cast-iron) . ^i ,,
Weight of each suspending arc . . 101 tons.
Total weight of iron — ca«t, 730 toni,
\rrought, 30 tons 7G»; ,,
Weight of the water in the tank (8^
feet '' ep) 940 ,,
Total weight supported by suspend-
ing arcs, including their own
weight ........ 1,700 „
First pile for the foundations driven July 20, 1836.
Aqueduct opened August 8, 1839.
Iron-work executed by Messrs. Qraham, Milton Imp
Works, near Sheffield.
Masonry by Hugh M'Intosh, contractor, Bloomsbury
Square, London.
[The firet cast-iron aqueduct was erected by Telford, a.d.
1793, to carry the Shrewsbury canal over the river Teni.
In 1794-5 he designed the celebrated cast-iron aqueduct
to convey the Ellesmere and Chester canal, at an elevation
of 127 feet, over the river Dee at Pont-y-Cysyllte; since
that time many have been erected. The advantages of
cast-iron aqueducts over those of stono, which are of con-
siderable antiquity, are their security from leakage, and
their economy in point of cost. — S. C]
2. Model of a cast-iron bridge over the river Aire at
Leeds. This bridge is represented in the following
engraving.
The objects aimed at in this design have been to com-
bine with apparent lightness, real strength, and by taking
advantage of the facilities afforded by the metal, to give,
as in the case of the Calder aqueduct, almost without
.'^.ditional exjiense, a pleasing, ornamental, and purely
architectural character to a useful engineering work.
The following are the principal dimensions and parti-
culars:—
Span of the arch 120 feet.
Rise of arch from springing . . * 12 ,,
Width of roadway 30 ,,
Width of each footpath .... 6 „
Total width outside to outside . . 43^ ,,
Weight of cast-iron 410 tons.
Weight of wrought iron . . . , 5i „
First pile for foundations driven May 1, 1841,
Bridge opened to the public, July, 1842.
Iron-work executed by Messrs. Booth & Co., Park
Iron Works, Sheffield.
Masonry executed by Mr. James Bray, contractor.
Moor Pars, Harrogate.
Both the above models were made by Mr. Stephen
Salter, Elvan Cottage, Hammersmith, London ; carved by
hand from crayon paper mode into cardboard, and show
(ns nearly as can be done on so small a scale) the details
of the iron-work, &o. {Main Aveime Wast.)
KiNonoM.]
AND BUILDINO CONTRIVANCES.
NouTii Gai.i-eby, and with Classes 5 & 6.
323
licather'a Cs4t-Iron Bridie over the Air
109
Williams, Cadooan, Bridgend, Glamnrgamkire,
Wales — Inventor.
Models of machines for pressing, tenring, and clearing
the surface of land; for grubbing; for breaking stones
for roads; for working the surface of land and mixing
manure with it ; and for preparing land for planting sugar-
canes in it.
Specimen of artificial stone for lining water-tanks and
pools. Model of a filter. Models of pumps on a new
principle.
Model of a new plan for raising weights, and propelling
vessels, so that emigrants might assist to expedite their
voyage.
Model of a plan for taking carriages over the Avon,
and of a plan for making a footpath under the iron bar
across the Bristol river, at Clifton, without interrupting
its navigation.
Hints for fire-escapes, and removing soot from chimneys
by an artificial current of air; for economising heat, and
for boiling water by means of a current of air.
110 Cboooon & Co., 2 Dowgate Hill, City — Inventors.
Patent aaphalte roofing felt, particularly applicable for
warm climates. It is a non-conductor. It is portable,
being packed in rolls, and not liable to damage in carriage.
It effects a saving of half the timber usually required.
It can be easily applied by any unpractised person. From
its lightness, weighing only about 42 lbs. to the square of
100 feet, the cost of carriage is small. The felt can be
laid on from gable to gable, or across the roof from eaves
to eaves. It is essential that it should be stretched tight
and smooth— overlapping full one inch at the joinings,
nnd closely nailed through the overlap, with twopenny
fine clout nails (heated in a shovel, and thrown when hot,
into grease, to prevent rust), about 1 i inches apart, but
copper nails are preferable. The whole roof must have
a good coating of coal tar and lime (about two gallons of
the former to six pounds of the latter), well boiled
together,^ kept constantly stirring while boiling, and put
on hot with a common tar mop, and while it is soft some
coarse sharp sand may be sifted over it. The coating
must be renewed every fourth or fifth year, or more or
Iphb freqiiently, according to the climate. The gutters
should be made of two folds, one over the othei-, cemented
together with the boiling mixture.
Inodorous felt, for damp walls, and for damp floors,
under carpets or floor-cloths.
Patent felted sheathing, for covering ships' bottoms, &c.
Dry hair felt, for covering steam-boilers, pipes, &c.,
preventing the radiation of heat, and saving 2.5 per cent,
of fuel.
Ill
WiLi,ETT, Francis, .5 Edward Street, Portman
Square — Proprietor.
Models in timber and slate; in timber and glass; and
in glass and iron ; with diagram to show the principle of
" Taaffe's patent " for the roofing of houses and other
buildings.
Williams's patent locks, without a keyhole.
112 Thompson, F. jun., C.E. Water Works Chambers,
Orange St., Leicester Square — Inventor.
New apparatus for economising the consumption of
gas, and increasing its powers of giving light; it may be
attiwhed to any existing gas fittings.
113 WiisoN, Thomas Hood, Twickenham —
Inventor.
Slides on a pair of folding doors, for excluding the
wet and the cold from hall doors and shutters ; also for
hatchways and portholes of ships.
Inrention for securing carriage gates and coach-house
doors, being self-acting; stops and bolts for the same.
114
DoBSON, John, Neacastle-upon-Tyne —
Designer.
Model of the roof erected over the passenger shed of
the Newcastle-on-Tyne Central Railway Station.
Model of a roof for Messrs. Smith's ship-building yard,
St. Peter's, near Newcastle-on-Tyne.
Model of a rolling machine, designed by Mr. Thomas
Charlton, used in rolling iron for the circular principals
of the passenger-shed roof of the Central Railway
Station.
Model of original design frr the portico and arcades of
the Central Railway Station.
2B'2
.{•-'-l
Cr.A89 7.— CIVIL ENtUNKKlUNG, AKCIIITECTURE,
NOUTH OAl,LKnY, AM> WITH (.'l.ASSEH 5 & C>.
[Unitkd
115 Vrxtt, Hburv, St, Sin'thin Street, Worcester —
Inventor.
Deaign of a mill and now power machine for various
purposes.
Wooden model of the building, with drawings and ex-
planations.
1 10 McClelij^nd, D., 3 Piili(flf New lltiad, Lambeth —
Producer.
Model of roof of 100 fuet spui. Scale ^ inch to a foot.
117
Barclay, Johx, Timipie, bji Qohhpic, Scotlaiid —
Designer and Inventor.
A portable pi-essing machine, designed for copying
letters and for other purposes.
Model of a wooden float bridge and appendages ; ap-
plicable to narrow straits or rivei-s in calm situations.
Mechanical time and tide tables, for R.scortaining the
number of days from any period in one year, to any
otliflr period in the same or following year; the day of
the week or month; the state of the tide at any given
port; the moon's age, &c.
118 Tu'rros, Joh.n, 20 South AuiUcji street, Oivsvenor
Si/imre — Inventor and Patentee.
Models of patent improvements in the construction
and arrangement of the window spaces of dwelling-
houses. A window fitted up to combine a water-closet, u
washhand-stand, and a, dressing glass, i-epresenting, when
shut, a neat piece of cabinet fmiiiture.
A window fitted up as a knee-hole writing-table, with
drawers, &c., for papers, which may be rendered fire-
proof. Tiie exterior has a sunk flower-box, with glasH
shade, applicable to dilferont forms of wiudow.s.
11 'J Walkeii, E., Ciinliii:it(i)i Street, Ilampatead Road -
Inventor.
Patent wu-o window blinds.
1111a Smith, J., 50 Bartholomew Close-
Model of a dooi\
-Inventor.
120 EvEBV, Simon Frederick, Qmrmlon, ne,ir DcrUy —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Patent Vulcan chinmey-sweeper.
Cu-cular and oblong chiuuiey-sweeping machines. Ob-
long self-atljustiug machuie, for sweeping diffloult chim-
neys.
Full-sized drawing, representing one of these machines
in action.
121 Neale, W. J., 30 Ji.isiwihall Street— ffon. See. tu
Chiiiiiieii-iiireepiHii ifdehiiierij Committee — Producer.
Prize machinery for sweeping chimneys.
Prize plans and estimates for altering, at tbo least ex-
pense, in conformity with the Act of Parliament, dillicult
iinj awkwai'd uhinuioys.
122 Ai,i.AN, Ja.me.'i, sen., GlK.yow — ManufacHu'er.
Portable apiiar.atus for the manufacture of gas from
resiij, having a steam-boiler for the purpose of cooking
food for cattle, heating conservatories, halls, &c.
Oas candelabrum of cast-iron with globes, adapted for
vestibules, halls, &c.
12; J
Ness, Mahv, 24 Mold Green, Uuddersfield—
Inventor.
Window-cleaner, for the protection of female servants
from fatal accidents and public exposure, by enabling
them to work from within the apartment, — Provisionally
registered.
12-4 Hill, Obmond& Julian, .17 Orc(d George Street,
ll't's/ini/i.s^f/— Improvers.
Modification of Dr. Arnott's ventilating curtain pump,
arranged so aa to be worked by a weight and to bo
portable,
125 Mackenzie, J. S., Neicnrk-upon- Trent — Inventor.
The vulcim spring for closing doors, &o.
126 Mackie, WiLUAM, 141 Zo!cec ^rt(/o< iS^w/,
Dublin — Inventor.
Patent safety window fittings, which may be applied to
old or new sashes.
127 Roberts, 13. E., 2 Kelson Place, Clifton, near
Bristol — Inventor.
Newly-invented safety window-sash, to obviate the
necessity of cleaning or painting the glivss or frames &f.,
on the outside t>f the house. The window sash nmy \w
taken out and again replaced in its uii'-tight gi'oove witli
the usual headings.
128 Williams, L., 14 Upper Marfilebonc Street, Portland
Place — Inventor and Manufacturer.
Man-help, made of iron, to hold a painter's bnish to
paint sliips, houses, &c.
llogistei-ed concave-bottom tea-kettle and stand, of tin
and copper, to boil water in five minutes.
Improved safety cot for children.
129 BbamhalL, Tuomas, 1 Union Street, St. Ocon/c's I'd.,
S(mlhirar/i — Inventor and Manufacturer.
Ii-on and zinc plate machine — " the anti-boi-eas," nii
invention to assist the draught, and prevent the downward
current in chimneys; intended to ciu'e them of smoke.
130 BiiowN, Roger, Sheffeld, }'u;/M/i/ce— Designer and
Manufacturer.
Model of magnetic lightning conductor (scale half size),
with weatlier vane. Mounted upon a sectional model of
a church spire, showing an improved mode of securing
perfect and continuous insulation of the electric rod,
without which a buiUling is endang -•^d.
The conductor at the apex of the spire has twenty-five
•luadrangular magnetic points, diverging at various angles,
by which the sphere of their attractive influence is greatly
nmltiplied; all lateral discharge is prevented, and the
comhxctor prevents any accumulation over a vastly ex-
tended circuit, within which it exercises absolute control.
Fivo-pointod diverging m.Tgnetic conductor (full sc;de
detached). Mounted upon an electric rod ; intended for
mansions, engines, chimneys, and general application.
i;5l Bavliss, T., 273 .SYrtiKj— Inventor.
Specimens of fire escapes.
132
Holland, Thomas, 40 South Aiulley Street —
Inventor.
Improved bi-ass cock for kitchen boilers &c., giving out
hot and cold water, and filling itself.
Shop front with improved shutters, adapted for sun
blind, sign-boai'd, and other purposes.
Threo-wiieeled almanack.
133 Engusu's Patent Camphine Company, Hall—
Producer.
Model of an apparatus for generating heat from bitu-
minous sulirttancos, and for the prevention of smoke;
ajiplicable to furniMies, boilers, &c. : and for enabling
railway locomotives to be driven by the use of small coal
as well as they are by coke.
134
Booth, George Robins, 9 Portland Place,
Waiulsuorth Iload — Inventor and Manufacturer.
Vegetable gas apparatus, for lighting private buildings,
public halls, &c. The novelty consists in the mode in
which the appai'atus is made and in the substimces used
for the production of the gas, in order to ensure greater
ciieapness and pvu'ity. It is stated that an aj)paratus for
affording 50 ligiits for 24 hours would not require more
fuel than a single spadeful of coke or cinders per hour.
The gas may bo iised witiiout injury to furniture, silks,
books, jiictures, or gilded ornaments.
[Unitkh
■Trent — Inventor.
&o.
£cii/()t Street,
1 may be applied to
', Clifton, near
h, to obviate tlie
asB or frames &e.,
indow Basil may ln'i
•-tight gi-oove with
ne Street, Porthnd
facturer.
painter's bnmh to
e and stand, of tin
es.
ef, St.Ocorijc'sIlil.,
lufacturer.
I anti-boreas," mi
rent the downward
them of smoke.
e— Designer and
r (scale half size).
lectional model of
mode of seciiriiiK
the electric rod,
re has twenty-five
at various angle.*,
nfliience is greatly
evented, and tlie
over a vastly ex-
absolute control,
ductor (full scjile
i)d; intended for
" application.
mentor.
teij Street —
re&c, giving out
adapted for siui-
[PANY, Hull—
heat from bitu-
ntioii of smoke;
iiid for enabling
use of small coal
md Place,
nufacturer.
rivate buildings,
in the mode in
Hulistances used
) enoure greater
ui apparatus for
lot re<|uire more
inders per hour,
furniture, silks.
KiNdDKM.
AND BUILDING CONTRIA'ANCKS.
XoriTii GAiii.Eny, and with Classes 5 & G.
325
i;!7
Sampson, Thomas, L'liuhru, near 8mtiiM'(t,
(I Id !• irifdiis/i ire — Inventor.
A high-pressure steam-boiler, with self-feeding appa-
ratus and still, for generating steam and for chemiual
purposes in geneml.
The water is admitted into the boiler without pumping,
by simply moving a hand, similar to the hand of a clock,
uiio iiuarter of a revolution.
A retort for generating gas, or for chemical pui-poses,
with a revolving agitator to keep the charge in motion.
A condenser for gas, so constructed that by opening
one joint, the whole of the condensing surface is rendered
visible, and is within roach, for the purposes of cleansing :
the condensed liquor is discharged at five different pipes,
^<l) that five different qualities are produced by the same
operation.
!;;() Vauohan, William, MiiJiluue — Inventor.
Machine to facilitate the construction of marble, stone,
shito, or other chimney-pieces by economising laboui*,
and insuring accuracy in the work.
The present mode of adjusting the sevenil pieces of a
uhimney-piece jamb, is, by the use of wooden gauges,
prepared to the various (T'onsions required, and by
squaring up the sides (insi lip and outground) from
the face of the jamb, )' I'll > uiiKUurily fixing them with
s(piare blocks againsi uaoh outside, till the whole is
secured with plaster of Paris and pieces of stone fixed
inside the jamb. For every jamb the same operation has
to be performed.
In this machin" provision is made for construct-
ing jambs, varying from 6 inches to 14J inches in
width, by moveable standoi'ds fitted accurately in the
grooves of the brass plates which are fixed flush with
the face of the slate. These standiu'ds render the use ^f
a square unnecessary. The graduated plates supersede
the necessity of a rule, and the triangular brass gauge
not only dispenses witli the use of all other gauges, but
ensures groat accuracy.
TLe transverse and longitudinal stops being fixed to
the required heights above the top of the front of the
jimib, and the ends of the side pieces being placed against
them, exact provision is uuide for the depth of the cap-
ping and frieze to be aftorwai-ds fixed thereon.
For the construction of the jamb to the opposite hand,
it is only necessary that the longitudinal stop should bo
placed suj much below the centre line on the gi-aduated
plate as it now is above. The other part of the machine
remaining unaltered, both jambs will necessarily have the
same form and dimensions.
When several chimney-pieces of the same dimensions
are required (a common circumstimco), the whole num-
ber of jambs may be put together without moving any
other part of the machine than the longitudinal stop once ;
thus ensuring, not only the same form in them all, but
effecting an important saving of time.
The box gauge, which may be applied to any width of
eliimney jamb fitted within the standards, presses the
inside- slip and outground against the standards, thus
preventing any derangement of the several pieces, whilst
they are being fixed together with pieces of stone and
plaster of Paris.
140 Fabbell, Isaac, '210 Great Brunsaic/t Street, Dublin
— Mimufacturer.
Model of a registered circular window.
141 Habpeb, Thomas, 15 (fpijcr Seymour Street West —
Inventor.
Model of a window, designed to serve as an entrance
to a garden or pleasure gi'ouud ; presented to the Koyal
Dublin Society by the exhibitor.
142 M'Nkill, b\, & Co., liunhill How, Finshury—
Manufacturers.
Specimen of the mode of applying waterproof bitumi-
nous felt for lining damp walls.
Pattern of a frame and covering of asphiiltcd fult for
gardeiiers'c orcing-pits, to protect plants from frost, as a
substitute for Russia mats.
Specimen of patent asphalted roofing felt; composed of
a mixture of flax and hair, saturated with mineral bitu-
mens, and finished by machinei-y.
Samples of the asphalted felt in various stages of ma-
nufacture, and in application to various useful pmiioses.
Specimens of patent thin ship sheathing felt, for use
under copper. Sample of a tliicker description used under
wood sheathing.
Samples of very thick hair felt, for clothing the boilers,
pipes, and cylinders of steam-engines. The same, prin-
cipally used by builders for deotlening sound in thin par-
titions, under floors, for placing under slate, zinc, or lead
flats to top rooms of houses. Section of roof, illustrating
the economi al construction of wood-work for the appli-
cation of the asphalte roofing felt.
143 Rock, J., jun., Ilnslinjs, Suivex-
Model of a street ban'icade.
-Inventor.
144
Andebson, Geobob, Rothbury, Northumberland —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Model of an improved window. The sashes are so con-
structed that by lifting the bottom sash up the top one
wdll come down. The outside shuttere to slide behind
the stone or brickwork, and the inside to slide on the
floor, and behind the architrave. The roller for suu-
blind to be hid, a-id work up and down with one cord.
145 Lowe, Geobge GREr.ouv, 2 Iliyh Street, Port laud
I'o'm — Inventor,
Self-cleansing sanitaiy cistern. By affording facility
for the rapid and eutu-e discharge of its contents, tl is
invention proposes to jirevent the accumulation of fl, .n
and sediment in house cistems; and, by conducting the
waste and discharge pipes into the house di-ain, both to
preclude local dampness arising from overflow, and effec-
tually to cleanse the latter by constant flushing.
Though the cylindrical fonn of cisteni with a conical
base is, in all cases, prefemble, the pi'inciple of this in-
vention is equally applicable to any other form which
may be topically convenient, and to any material used in
the constmctiou of cisterns.
14G
Q0INCEY, Haucourt, 8-> //dttuH Ganlcn—
Inventor and Patentee.
Working model of two revolving iron safety shutters,
with patent convex laths (one fixed above and one under
the window), with improved gearing; and of a patent cor-
rugated office blind of perforated metal. Brass model of
a dwarf Venetian blind, with patent convex perforated
laths.
Registered ornamental and self-supplying pedestal coal
vase, presenting for use only sufficient coals to chaa-ge the
hand scoop, when a fresh supply is given from the upper
chamber. Patent hand lamp, for burning solar or com-
mon oil; and table lamp, for burning solai- or common
oils, with patented folded shade. Plaster model of a fire-
place in Buckingham Palace.
147 Theobald, John, 21 lirunsuick Street, Blackfriara
Itoad — Inventor.
Improved window-sash, capable of being cleaned from
the inside, with prevention against thieves, an alarum,
and a fire-escape.
148 Walby, James, 59 Greek Street, Soho Square —
Inventor.
Universal fire-escape.
The novelty of the jilan is stated to be that of passing
persons from tho window of the house on fire to the near
window of tlio lu'iglibour's house adjoining, in a direct hori-
zontiil line, right or left, in lieu of lowering them down as
in the ordinary way. This is acconiplislied by having
bi-acket-hooks of a peculiar construction, projecting
about 12 inches from the face of the brickwork, per-
manently fixed to the front of the house at tho upper-
most floor, by passing the end or stem of the hook through
the brickwork, and screwing it up tight by plates an(l
Class 7.— CIVIL ENGINEERING, ARCHITECTURE,
NoBTH Gallery, ^^d with Classes 5 & i'.
[United
nuta inside. By the assistance of the neighbour at the
adjoining window, a rope is attached to the hooks ; a
basket or cradle (which traverses upon a friction-roller)
is then hung upon the rope, which, by the person therein
placed, or by a person at the adjoining window, with the
assistance of a hook stick provided for the purpose, may
be moved forwards or backwards as the case demands.
160
Irish Enqineerino Company, London Office,
1 1 ./oAn Street, Adelphi — Ih-oducer.
Finch and Willey's patent safety railway wheel. The
peculiai-ity of this wheel consists in the rim of the skele-
ton or inner wheel being firmly imbedded in a dovetailed
recess in the tire, throughout its whole circumference,
rendering all other fastening, as bolts, Sec., unnecessarv,
and preventing the possibility of accident from the break-
age or tht'uwing off of the tire. The tire can also be worn
much thinner than ordinary.
151 Allen, T., Clifton, near Bristol — Inventor
and Manufacturer.
Model of registered iron roof, scale of 2 inches to 1 foot,
with drawing, showing the principle applied to a roof of
tiO feet span, fire proof, with iron battens, and new mode
of securing the slates.
152 BoNNETT, Joseph & Co., 26 Lombard Street, City,
mid Deptford, Kent — Inventors, Patentees, and
Manufacturers.
New patent curvilinear lathe-revolving iron safety-
shutters. The same in principle as Bunnett's original
patent iron shutters.
Ornamental brass window, formed of patent brass sash
bars and mouldings.
Patent ventilating sashes, for admitting fresh air into
a room, without creating draughts.
Patent brass and other metal sash-bars and mouldings.
Improved joiners' bench cixunp.
Improved flooring cramp.
Patent self-acting doubly -trapped water-closet; which,
without cistern, may take its supply of water from any
source at a sufficient elevation, or may be laid directly
on to the main (if always charged).
Patent improved ship's water-closet, for use below the
water line, which may be fixed with or without a cistern.
Patent improved ship's water-closet, for use above the
water line, which may draw its supply of water from the
sea by a double-action pump, or may be used with a
cistera.
Patent self-acting effluvia-traps for sewers, drains, &c.
1 55 Tbotman, Sanders, Ctarendun Road, Notting-hill
— Inventor and Manufacturer.
Fountain for drawing and dining rooms, or boudoirs;
requii'ing no supply laid on, or waste carried off, mechani-
cal pressure forcing the water through the jet, which
again falls into the reservoir, with the addition of a mu-
sical ai-rangement.
Kight dial. A lamp is suspended upon a lever, the
light from which is thrown upon each hour as it arrives.
Printing on glass for ornamental purposes, such as
glazing conservatories, windows, ftc, and forphilosophical
purposes, such as dissolving views, &c. Coloured prmting
on glass.
156 Whytock, Andrew, 494 New Oxford Street —
Manufacturer.
Model of emigrants' house, about one-foui-th full
size, made of Morewood aud Rogers' patent galvanised
tinned iron, corrugated.
The full size weighs about half a ton, and can be packed
in two cases. When once seen put together, it may be
erected by two persons in as many days.
Furniture of the house, made chiefly of the same mate-
rial.
Table and chairs with camp legs.
Bath, answering the piurpose of a sofn, or a bedstead,
which can be solidly packed.
Stove for warming and cooking.
157
WiLKiNS, William Crane, 24 Long Acre, and
T. Letourneau, 37 AII& dea Veuves, J'arii—
Inventors and Manufacturers.
Improved patent revolving oatadioptrio apparatus of
short eclipses, for a lighthouse of the first class,
sented iu fig. 1 .
Fig. 1.
Wilkiiu and Letournuu's Cattdioptric Apputtua.
That appearance of light, called short eclipses, has
hitherto been obtained by the following arrangements : —
KiNOUOM.J
AND BUILDING CONTRIVANCES.
NOBTH GaLLEBY, and WITH CLASSES 5 & ().
327
An apparatub for a fixed light beiog provided, composed
of a central cylinder and two zones of catadioptric rings,
forming a cupola and lower part, a certain number of
lenses ai-e arranged at equal distances from each other,
plnced upon an exterior moveable frame, making its revo-
lution around the apparatus in a given period. These
lenses, composed of vertical prisms, are of the same alti-
tude as the cylinder, and the radius of their curves is in
opposite directions to those of the cylinder, in such a
manner that at their passing they converge into a parallel
pencil of light; all the divergent rays, emitted horizontally
from the cylinder, producing a brilliant effect, like that
ubtained by the use of annular lenses at the revolving
lighthouses.
The first improvement exhibited has a special reference
to the light, and produces a considenkble increase in its
power, whilst the simplicity of the optical arrangements
is also regai'ded. It consists, firstly, in completely dis-
pensing with the moveable central cylindrical lenses.
Secondly, it replaces these by a single revolving cylinder,
composed of four annular lenses, and four lenses of a fixed
light introduced between them ; but the number of each
vbiying according to the succession of flashes to be pro-
duced in the period of revolution.
The second improvement, of which already some ap-
plications that have been made serve to show the im-
portance, consists in a new method of arranging the
revolving part, experience having shown that the arrange-
ments at present in use are very faulty. A short time is
sufficient for the action of the friction rollers, revolving
on two parallel planes, to produce, by a succession of
cuttings, a sufficiently deep groove to destroy the regu-
larity of the rotatory movement. To obviate this great
inconvenience, the friction rollers are so placed and
fitted on an iron axis, with regulating screws and tra-
versing between two bevilled surfaces, that when an in-
dentation is made in one place, they can be adjusted
to another part of the plates which is not so worn.
The third improvement produces the result of an in-
crease of the power of the flashes in revolving lighthouse
apparatus, to double what has been obtained hitherto.
By means of lenses of vertical prisms, placed in the pro-
longations of the central annular lenses, the divergent
rays emerging from the catadioptric zone are brought
into a straight line, and a coincidence of the three
flashes is obtained.
The whole of the prisms, lenses, and zones are mounted
nith strength and simplicity, accurately ground and
polished to the correct curves, according to their re-
spective positions, so as to properly develop this beautiful
system of " Fresnel." The glass of which they ai-e
composed is of the clearest crystal colour, and free from
that green hue which so materially reduces the power
of the light, and is considered objectionable for apparatus
of this kind. The lamp, by which the apparatus is to be
lighted, consists of a concentric burner with four circular
wicks, attached to a lamp of simple construction, the oil
being forced up to the burner by atmospheric pressure
only, so that there are no delicate pumps or machinery
to become deranged.
Improved lantern and revolving apimratus for a light-
vessel, represented in fig. 2. The principal improvement
consists, in constructing the machinery to work beneath
the deck, instead of in the lantern as formerly. A ver-
tical rod, working in metal bearings, is attached to the
miist, with a large gun-metal pinion fixed to the top of
the rod, at the height to which it is necessary to hoist tho
lantern, wherein a train of cog-wheels are placed to con-
nect with the pinion, and communicate the motion ob-
tained therefrom to the traveling apparatus that supports
the lamps and reflectors. The advantages of this an-ange-
ment are, that the lanterns can be made much lighter,
the rolling of the vessel caused by so great a weight at
the mast-head is gi'eatly diminished, and the machinery
being more under control and better protected, works
with greater regularity and precision.
An idea of the utility of these improvements may be
gained by reflecting that the situations in which the
light-vessels are placed, are at all times difficult of access.
and in stormy weather, when accidents are most likely
to occur, quite unapproachable; so that it will be obvious
any alteration which reduces the liability to derangement
is greatly to be appreciated.
Fig. 2.
\Vilkin8 and I.et.ouiaeau'8 Lantern.
There is also an advantage derived from the novel
construction of the lamps and gimbal work which, by a
movement, exactly coinciding with the motion of the
vessel, causes a perfect level to be always maintained,
and ensures the proper flow of oil to the burners, how-
ever irregular that motion may be. This improvement
is not of so recent an introduction as the former, but
when it was fu-st invented by one of the exhibitors it pro-
i
Cla«8 7.— C'lVir, KNOlNKKHlNa, AUt'HITECTUllE,
NOKTH OaL1,KBY, ANn WITH Cl.AHHKH 5 & (t.
[Un'ITKD
diioed a coinpleto rovohitiun iu the npporatUH for (luntiiif;
lighU, and enabled the bunutiful Argaud lani]Hi, witli
luiiiibulio roflecturg, to be uRod instead of the old lainpB
with smoky flat wicks. (.Wmn Arenne.)
158 CoCHEANB, A., 17 Bn/aivitom Street, lii-yanstono
Sqmrc — Inventor.
Patent lock, to bo entitled the "Catcl.-key Lock."
AVlieu a picklock, or false key, or oven when the real key
in introduced into the lock, it is immediately caiight and
cannot be released except by the owner.
Smoke condenser, air conductor, and animal food and
vegetable preserver by means of a machine "v appiuvtim.
l,")'.) Kettie, Roukrt, ICdinhHi-iih — Inventor.
Inventions for use at sea, consisting of lamps, lights,
lighthouse appoitktus, rvHectora, signals, life-boats, fire-
extinguisher, breakwater, &o. The following cut repi-e-
seuts the marine signals.
Rettie's Patent Murine SignaU, &r.
Inventions for use in mines, railways, towns, and
houses, consisting of safety lamps, " corves" or cages,
shields, ropes, and traps; signals, fog, day, &c. Venti-
lating apparatus; sewer and etUuvia traps; portable closet,
glazed -jointed pipes, &e.
Stoves for heating large buildings, romoneurs, smoke-
proveutera, vegetable-steamers, bottling cranes, fire-
protectors, &c.
100 Kiso, William, 8 Wotnktock Street, Bond Street —
Inventor and Manufactm-er.
Section of a model of a floating breakwater for a har-
bour of refuge. Scale ;J-8ths of an inch to the foot.
Section of a model for a foundation of a lighthouse, or
place of refuge, on the Goodwin Simds. Scale ;!-»ths
of an inch to the foot.
162 Perkes, S., & Co., Kiiterson Street, Sonthwark Bridijc
— Producers.
Bearei-8 for principal beams in buildings. Models of
(latent combination bridges, &c.
103 KovERE, Felix Paulin, C.R., 2 New Inn,
St. Cleiiwnt's — Designer.
Design for a wrought-irou girder bridge at West-
iiiiiuitcr; consisting of a combination of wrought and cast
iniu girilerc, to allow of the maxiumm water headwnj',
the site of the preseut bridge being preserved.
164 Mai'lin, — Producer.
Model of a lighthouse, from designs by Messrs. Walker
and Burgess, founded ou Mitchell's screw piles, ^lu
[.ocomotivo Passage.)
105 Smith, William Henky, 1 Jioyal Kxch(i)i(jt
Jliiililiitj/s — Inventor.
Recoil breikkwater, with drawings— the principle of
which is applicable to harbours, groynes, eoU'urdaniM,
clearing away of shoals, protection of the shore from sea
encroachments, piers, landing places, &c.
This breakwater is moored by lewising bolts, mushroom
lUichors, screw or atmospheiic piles, or Smith's anchor
pile. If a ship runs foul of any part, she will strike a
yielding buttress, the bi-aces of which are equal to a doxvn
cables: all injurious shock is converted into a steady
downward pressure, llie structure is in separate lengths,
each having an independent spring.
Lighthouse breakwater — applicable to beacons and
inai-ine batteries, in all situations.
Tubular suspension gii-der bridge, designed to prevent
vibratory action : adapted for railways.
Plan for a suspension tunnel.
KiO Foxifc Babrett, 'J'/inmes <7i((Hi6tv», 12 Oeortje Street,
Adeljihi — Proprietors,
Specimens of patent fire-proof flooring or roofing.
109 Nasmvth, O,, 7 Park Road, Kensimjtun —
Inventor and Patentee.
Two models of wrought-iron girders; a small quantity
of materials being used, combined so as to sustain the
greatest weight. ( With Classes 5 attd 6.)
170 Newnham, Thomas Oarrett, Kewtotni,
Montijonieryahire, Wales — Architect and Inventor.
Model, to a scale of one inch and a half to the foot, of a
portion of the roof of a church in course of erection ut
Dolfor, near Newtown.
Model, to a scale of one inch to the foot, of open roof,
constructed with ribs of terra cotta, supporting i-aftera
and slating battens, similar to the former.
Model, to a scale of from one-half to one-thii-d full size,
of stone, or of terra cotta, mullioned windows, with
sliding sashes.
171 Young, J., Oits Works, Selkirk, Scotland— Inventov.
Model of coal-gas apparatus, with set of retorts, washei',
purifiers, valves, condenser, and gas-holders, constructed
ou a new arrangement, and adapted for a provincial
town. The condensera and purifier can be cleaned out
whilst in operation.
172 Metropolitan Association for Improving the
Dwellings of the Industrious Classes.
Charles Gatuff, Sec., 19 Coleman Street ;
William Beck, Architect, 33 Finsbury Sqttare.
Model dwellings for artizans, in Albert Street, Mile
End New Town, erected by the exhibitors.
173 Mackhory, F., i Milton Terrace, VauxUall Bridye
Bond, Piiutico — Inventor and Manufacturer.
Newly -invented window to prevent the entrance of dust
and wet, and the noise caused by the wind.
174 Nixon, Thomas, Ketteriwj — Inventor, Manufac-
turer, and Designer.
Regi.stered design for a self-ventilating garden-light,
or sky-light, which can be made water-tight.
175 Remington, Anne, 138 Sloane Street, Chelsea —
Inventor.
Improved roasting apparat;.s, with self-acting baster
and heat reflector.
KiNonoM.]
AND HUTLIUNO Ct)NTRlVANCKa.
XoKTll (IaU.EUY, and with CliASHES fi & H,
320
^signed toprovout
itor, Manufuc-
17(} UoiMBt, J AMEK, KiiH Jhin, KngM — Deiiigner.
Two cottuguH in one, deaigned far the convenience,
uconouty, and comfort of the poorer class of laboiireii,
177 Freeman, J., 19 AHiller;/ Place, Fmshnnj—
Producer.
Model of the railway-bridKe, cruHsiug Westminater
bridge road. (South Weatem Railway.)
178 MooBSOM, W. S., Captoin, I7i Omtt George Street,
Westmimter — Designer and Superintendent.
Prize design for the great bridge over the Rhine, pro-
posed by Prussian Oovemment to be erected at Cologne.
Tlie Piers are to be of stone, and the arches of wrought
ii'un.
Length of the bridge luid npproiujhes . . . 2,015 feet.
Span of each of the loi'ge arulios .... GOO „
Span of tlie lifting-arch 100 „
Heig'at from foundation to top of towera . 147 ,,
Height f:''"' woter to underaido of arches . 44 „
Height from water to underside of liftiug-
arcu when raised 97 ,,
Width of the bridge (inside the piu-apots) , UO „
Strength of each orqfi to bear, if distributed
over it 5,700 tons.
Cost, if erected by contract at Prussian
prices, 08 arranged with a Prussian manu-
facturer £236,000
(If ei-eoted at English prices, about one-fifth less).
Tlie principle of this bridgu is that of the trellis or
lattice beam combined with the arch.
The arrangement of the cross bracing is novel and
ixiculiar, and afibrds separate spaces for the great high-
way, the railway, and the footway.
The lifting-arch is to be worked by water power; the
witter being contained in tanks on the tops of the towers,
and being elevated to those positions by tide-wheels of
peculiar construction, placed below the possibility of
uontoct with ice, and worked by the river current.
The arches are believed to be the largest in the world,
praposed of rigid construction (not suapenaion), and cal-
uulated for the passage of locomotive engines nt speed,
and of artillery at the gallop.
Railway viaduct over the river Noi-e, near Kilkenny,
Ireland.
The arch is constructed of timber, and the piers of atone.
Length of the bridge and approaches . . . 428 feet.
Span of arch 200 „
Height above foundations 85 ,,
Width at the level of the rails 20 „
Strength of the arch, to bear, if disvributed
over it GOO tons.
Cost, complete £8,100
This is believed to be the largest work of the kind in
the United Kingdom.
180 Rose, John Thomas, Regent Street, Leith — Designer.
Design for a timber viaduct of great span, suitable for
railway or other purposes. Its object is to unite great
strength with simplicity; the beams forming it, are inter-
woven like basket-work, and the greater the stress thrown
upon it, the more rigid it becomes. The same principle
may be adapted to large roofa without the use of croas-
ties, since the outward thrust upon the walls would be
but small.
Supplementary model illustrating the principle.
181 MacLachlan, John, Dotiglas, fsle of Man —
Inventor.
Model of a house, and plans for purifying towns,
destroying putrescence, affording economical means of
removing manures (inoffensively) by ml ; and precluding
the necessity of cleansing drains, &o.
182 Daniell, William, Truro — Inventor.
Fire-escape, consisting of a rope-ladder wound about a
red contained in the window-seat, or in a box fixed inside
a window, to be thrown out, and the lower end secured
by a bystander.
183 Beroin, Marmadukk Osbohn, H George Street,
Cork, TrelanJ — Inventor.
Working model of a registered self-acting fire extin-
guisher, applicable to amouldering fli-oa, to machinery
liable to ignition by friction, to spontaneous combustibles,
and to highly inflammable substances.
1 84 Hendy, James, 1 Bomerie Street, Fleet Street —
Inventor.
Model for a new national fire-escape; its object is sim-
plicity of arrangement and rapidity of motion.
185 Webster, W. Bullock, 2 St. Jmne^a Place,
Ilampatead Road — Inventor and Manufacturer.
Model of a fire-escape, available for a long range or
block of bouaea of different heights.
186 Green, Isaac, 3 Vittoria Place, Euston Square—
Inventor.
Vind-guards for chimney tops, to cure smoke. The
following cut represents this ajiparatus, and is intended to
illustrate its method of action.
Green'a Wind-guard.
187 NcNN, Alicia, 2a Welbeck Street, Cavendish
Square — Producer,
liew apparatus and method of difiiising heat and equal-
ising the temperature of apartments, and disseminating
the wai-mth from one ordinary fire into several apart-
ments. Applicable to residences, warehouses, loilway
and other carriages, and for safety on ship-boord.
188 Wilson, Thomas Hood, 2\c»cAcnAan»— Inventor.
Slides on a pair of folding doors, for excluding the
wet and the cold from hall doors and shutters; also for
hatchways and port-holes of ships.
Invention for securing carriage gates and coach-house
doors, being self-acting; stops and bol' 'or the some.
190 MnDOE, John, 78 TotteniMm Court Road— Inventor.
Private fire-escape, the machinery so constructed as to
be fixed to any part of the house, and worked from the
street as well as in the room.
191 Beeston, J., Swaile's Cottages, Hammersmith —
Inventor.
Wind-guard for chimney tops.
192 Adcock, Thomas, jun., Penkridge, Btaffordshire—
Inventor.
Simultaneous gates for railway crossings. Exhibited -
for safety, economy, and despatch. They are intended
to supersede the present wood gates, as the ironwork to
the heels will show; for new iron gates, the heels would
be in one length, everything being in accordance. The
posts ore intended to be of cast iron, the supports fixed
880
Class 7.— CIVJL ENOINEEllING, ARCHITECTUIIK,
North Oau.bry, and witu Classes 5 & 0.
[Unitkb
upon blocks of stone 4 feet square, by 12 or 15 inches
thick, and set upon a bed of brickwork, as shown. The
small iron doors over the same, are intended to be opened
occasionally for the purpose of filling the reservoir with
oil, and for acyusting the rods by means of the nuts and
screws, and also for taking out the wheel if necessary : all
this is done in a very short time. The rods are all imlling
rods, and the rollers under, revolve; the gate with the
bolt attached is the leading one, being nearest the station-
house. The bolt on this gate is so contrived that it
will secure or liberate all the four large gates at once;
to open them, the bolt is raised out of the groove of a
spindle, to which ia attached a wire, running across the
road close under the rails, in a groove an inch wide,
to the lever on the opposite side, which immediately
drops just below the surface of the road, so that
there is no stumbling-block. On closing the gates, the
bolt slides into the groove of the spindle, and by turning
it to its proper position, it raises the bolt on the opposite
side, and the self-acting catch secures all the four large
gates. This saves time and trouble in crossing the line
to unbolt them, and they are more secure. The wheels,
&c., are merely cased with rough boarding; or brick on
edge may be used. The oak cases to rods ai-e represented
as being fixed upon brickwork ; the wire may be pro-
tected by an iron plate laid over it. The machineiy for
skew gates would be the same, with the exception of two
of the wheels, which would be smaller.
193
Stucket, W., MiUe Chambers, Fenchurch Street
— Inventor.
Four-wheeled carriage crane, for transporting and
raising merchandize to a given height; also forming a
portable scaffold for decorating the interior and exterior
of large buildings; it will also serve for a fire-escape.
194 Tavlob, Henry, 6 John Street West, Bartabury Road,
IsUiu/ton — Invent r.
Machine for sweeping chimneys.
195
Wilson & Woodfin, //wW— Inventors and
Manufacturers.
Various double traps and gratings for drains.
196
Hooper, William H., 12 Great Ciwtberland
Place, Hyde Park — Inventor.
Model section of a rotary floating breakwater, formed
of a double line of rollers, and a strong centre roller
placed horizontally, inserted in an open fmme, circular
convex ends, the whole revolving upon its axis. The
sections are to be moored at each end in a continuous
line, so as to form a floating barrier to the force of the
waves.
Model of an improved omnibus : the improvement upon
those now in use, consisting in a few inches extra width,
circular ends, nearly central side doors, set in as far as the
width of the seats will admit (to avoid obstructing foot
passengers), with fenders on C'lch side the steps; a small
umbrella-stand in the centre, with a strong ring top, con-
venient to hold by getting in ; also a raised top to roof
for seats, with ventilators let in ull round it, and suitable
steps and rails to reach the roof seats ; a small window or
trap at the end to speak to the conductor.
197 Bain, William, 141 Jliyh //o/ftorn— Inventor.
A contrivance for rendering buildings fire-proof. A
main-pipe, supplied with water on the high-pressure
system, is carried up one comer of the building, commu-
nicating vrith smaller pipes running between the joists of
every floor, the small hose and pipe attached to the main
being always ready for use, in case of fire occurring in any
port of the building.
[The mains which supply a town with water should be
kept constantly full, and under such pressiwe that, upon
opening a cock in the street, the water may be conducted
by means of hose over the highest houses, and applied to
any fire that may occur. Pipes or hose permanently fixed
through a building, from which water may bo taken at any
time, would probably be advantageous.]
Machine for saving life and propertv f^om shipwreck
on the coast. The model is on the scale of iialf an iucii
to the foot; it represents a platform resting on piles driven
into the ground, with the macliine and its accompaniments,
covered with a tent, which may be closed or open when
necessary. The machine is a double lift; the upper drum
works a cable to tug any disabled vessel to shore; the
lower drum works a constant communication with the
wreck. The means of first communication is by Jring u
shot from the gun, attached to a line, the line being
secured to the blocks which are worked by the cables of
the machine; the gallery and flag-staff are for observation
and signals. The table on which the machine is built may
be turned to any point of the compass.
[The first apparatus for saving lives from shipwreck
was invented by Captain Monby. A wooden plug, instead
of an iron shot, fired from the gun has been found of
advantage, as in the case of the schooner " Nanteos," off
Carmarthen, 23rd February, 1851, &o. By means of this
simple apparatus the safety of ths ship was secured
together with that of her crew. — S. C]
Floatable life-preserving cape cloak; blue cloth cloak,
braided with the emblematical design of the rose, thistle,
and shamrock, and lined ^th quilted satin; the inner
lining is composed of pieces of cork, so arranged that
when in the water it forms a floating body of great buoy-
ancy by which the wearer is preserved on the surface.
198
BouLANOER, Charles Thomas, Alive Street,
Bermundsey New Road — Inventor.
A fumigator, with refrigerator or cooler, applicable to
the destruction of insects in tender plants, in animals, and
in houses ; also to bleaching substances recjuiring the
vapours of sulphur, and to administering vapour or aro-
matic baths at a small cost.
The fumes of tobacco, used in fumigating, are cooled
by being passed through the cooler, so that they do not
injure the tender plants. Patented,
199
Inglis, Alexander, Park Street, South Shields,
Durham— Inventor.
Model of a ventilating machine.
201 Jackson, Henhv, 02 Westljuum Street, Plmlieo —
Inventor and Manufacturer,
Fire-escape dressing-table, intended to bo always ready
and in instant motion, without the least preparation, and
to be drawn up from above or below as many times as
there are persons to be rescued. The first motion of
raising the table-top opens the window, and lets down
iron blinds to any number of lower windows.
202 Brown, Joseph, 7 1 Leadenhall Street — Inventor
and Manufacturer.
Model of a navigable ballnon, to ascend and descend
in the air without the aid of ballast.
203 Friarson, Mark, 20 Westboume Park Road,
Paddinijton — Inventor.
Registered ventilating shield cowl, for tho prevention
of smoky chimneys.
204 Dunn, Matthias, Newcastle-upon-Tyne —
Inventor.
Fire-escape, consisting of a web of cloth affixed to a
wooden pole, and attached to the window sill.
205 Hb^irder, J. H., 34 Qeorge Street, Plymouth-
Inventor.
Rarefying apparatus, for producing a draught in the
n derground flues of stoves or ventilating shafts, &c.
KiNUDOH.j
AND BUILDING CONTRIVANCES.
North Gallery, and with Clahbks 6 & 0.
331
outh SMchis,
206 Lamb, James, NHh Street, Sunderland— Inventor.
Model of a tubular gem apparatus for heating baths.
It is stated that by means of this apparatus 32 gallons of
water, at 43°, may be heated to 100 in 35 minutes, with
the consumption of 25 oubio feet of gas.
215 Tavlor, J. W., Hear Admiral — Producer.
Models of patent breakwater; life and anchor boats.
21(5 Stafford, Damf Shane Terrace, Sloane Street,
jnelaea.
Interceptor cowl : an apparatus attached to the cowl of
a chimney.
The interc«i>tor is made air-tight at each angle and at
the bottom, so as to prevent the cold air, received at the
apertures, from entering immediately into the flue ur
vhiumey, and from taking a downward or cross direction,
iuHtead of being reflected upwards, as is the case from the
application and construction of the interceptor.
A second interceptor is placed at a short distance above
the one already described, giving the air a more powerful
and direct upward current, and at the same time forming
an efficient resistance and protection against all descend-
ing gusts of wind.
The external form or shape of the cowl may be varied
to suit the architectural uniformity of any building.
217 Teaole, R. & W., Chelsea — Inventors.
Patent chimney-sweeping apparatus.
In Main Avenue West.
220 Wyatt & Brandon.
Model of the new County Assize Courts, at Cambridge;
erected by the exhibitors.
221 Scott, O.O.
Model of St. Nicholab Church, Hamburg,
222 Jee, a. S.
Model of the Dinting Vale viaduct, on the Sheffield and
Manchester Railway.
223 WiLLOCK, E. P. & Co., Manchester.
Model of a decorated Gothic church, at Lever Bridge,
Bolton, Lancashire ; designed by £. Sharpe.
224 Walker & Burgehs.
Railway-bridge across the Ouse.
Also 9, 19, 26, 28, 38, 105, 106, 107, and 157.
334
Brown, Sir Samcel, R.N., Vanbrwjh Lodge,
Blackheath — Inventor.
Iron cables invented and introduced into the Royal
Navy by Captain Sir Samuel Brown, R.N., K.H., in X810.
Nos. 1 and 2. Patterns of the twisted and plain pai-allel-
sided chains, the iron 1 j inch diameter without atay-pins,
which was proposed by the exhibitor to the Admiralty as
a substitute for hempen cables in 1810. The twisted
chain was preferred by the Board for this purpose, by
reason of its resemblance to the strands of a rope, and on
tliat account supposed to be more easily managed as a
working cable.
No. 3 is a single link of the same dimensions, with a
short scarf ready for welding in the end: this, which was
practised in all the Royal DocVyards, and by all the chain-
makers in the country, was radically bad, because the
weld is inevitably the weakest part; was subjected to a
transverse strain at the point of resistance, where a small
defect was more detrimental than any other part; the
inventor therefore adopted the plan of forming the weld
in the direction of its length in the side, where the strain
is equally divided.
No. 4 IS a single link showing the long scai'f in the side
ready for welding, as above mentioned.
Origin of the Stay-pina. — When the chain-cables were
first brought into use (which was in the Navy) there was
no means of testing their strength, and two ships, the
"Pique," 38-gun frigate, and the "Pylades," sloop-of-war,
having both parted their cables in a heavy gale and sea,
it was found that the links, in the technical phrase, had
drawn in the strain. The inventor of the iron cables
thereupon devised a powerful compound lever-machine
for testing all cables to a given strain. The first cable to
be tested was a twisted cable, welded in the side with
long double scarp, but without stay -pins, 2| inches dia-
meter, against a piece <>( new 24-inch cable, which was
the largest size made; the cable and the chain were
shackled together, so that the strain was reciprocal. The
trial took place at the manufactory in Shadwell, in July,
1810, in the presence of Lord Melville, First Lord of the
Admiralty; Sir J. B. Thompson, Comptroller of the Navy
Board; the Chancellor of the Exchetmer, Mr. Yansittort;
the Surveyor and Commissioners of tne Navy, and several
Naval Captains. In the course of the trial, as the
hempen cable continued to stretch, and the chain to
collapse, the machine was at that time stopped ^ and then
three wrought-iron pins similar to those shown in No. 5
were inserted in the middle of the links ; the process re-
commenced, and the pins were in a short time set fast.
Four hours had been occupied in this interesting experi-
ment, when the hempen cable began to give way, and
was ultimately broken in the direction of its length with a
force of 84 tons; no fracture had taken place in the iron
cable, and the links which h:'.d been distended with the
pins preserved their shape; but all the others had col-
lapsed and become perfectly rigid, and, of course, totally
useless. The improvements thus introduced in the con-
struction of the iron cables, and the system of testing,
were of infinitely more importance than the original in-
vention, and which were all carried into efiect in 1810,
two years before any other chain-cable manufactory was
in existence.
No. 5. Pattern of the parallel-sided chain, proposed
by the inventor to supersede the twisted cables in 1812.
The first cable was supplied to His Majesty's frigate
"Crescent" in that year, which, being favourably re-
ported on, he received dii-ections from the Admiralty to
prepare a schedule, in conjunction with Mr. Groodrich,
mechanical engineer at the Royal Dockyard, Portsmouth,
of the form and dimensions of chain-cables, which, with
very little modification, is at present the standard for all
classes. The chain cables, which are of oval shape, are
susceptible of still further improvements, for it haa
been observed, in the course of an extensive practice,
that, in testing chains to prove the quality of the iron,
links gradually collapse, and that the rupture does not
take place till the sides are drawn nearly into contact;
it therefore occuixed to the inventor that the inverted
oval link. No. 7, as approximating in some degree to
this ultimate form of resistance, was stronger, inasmuch
as the present distended oval link is a departure from
it; and there can be no doubt that, as the convex links
fit more uuifonnly to the cylindrical bells or windlass,
they would work smooth, and with less jolting in veering.
[It was this invention of Capt. Brown which first ren-
dered the knowledge of the strength of malleable iron
indispensable. Chain cables with the simple oval link
resist a strain of 21^ tons per square inch, the mean
strength of wrought-iron being 25 tons per square inch.
When stays between the sides of the links are introduced,
the strength is very nearly equal to that of the iron in
the simple bar form, so that a stay may be said to in-
crease the strength by about l-6th pai-t. The links of
Mr. Price's chains are mode with parallel sides, so that
the fibres of the iron i xe kept in the direction of the
strain ; their strength is therefore greater than that
of the simple oval links, which have a tendency to alter
in form, or elongate. — S. C]
Picture, in oil, of the Union Suspension Bridge, erected
over the Tweed in 1820, connecting England and Scotland,
833
Ci.Atis 7.— CIVIL KNOINKKltINO, ARCHlTFnTliK, &c.
NoHTIl (JaI.I.KHY, AM) WITH I'l.AMMKH !i iV <t.
being the first iron bar bridge coniitructed for cnrringen,
iinii nil the ordinary iitir]ioHUH of the uoiintry. Dhnon-
Hionrt, 4'JU feet Hpnn between the iinintH of HUH|>onHicin,
HH|)j)orted by I'J llmm of cylindrical wii)uglit iron barn,
contttining 24 iquare inchox,
if<Ms.
Fig. 1. Model of an inclined plane, or patent marine
iiHp and cnulle-uan-iage, sinulor tu tiio " Q\teen Charlotte
Slip," at the Uoyal Dockyard, Dontford (which may be
constructed on the shore of any other river or harbour),
on which Her Miyeiity's frigate "Soieboy" wa» drawn by
a single capstan in thioe-quarters of an hour, and whicli
would have been accomplished with a 'JO-hor»e power
steam-engine in ton minutes. The cradle-con'iogo is
mounted on the periphery of iron rollers, which circulate
over the carriage by an ondleBs chain under the ship's
bottom when in motion; and in some situations the
cradle-carriage is moved on a continuous line of rollers
laid down on the ways. In either case, tliere is a total
absence of friction ; and, as a mechanical power, tlie
B\iperiority of the rolleni over the multiplicity of gmivll
wheels employed for the same p\iri>o8e exceeds, in some
cases, 50 to 1; that U to say, it requires 50 times lens
force to move a line-of-battlo ship laterally on the ways
in the Arsenal on a line of connected rollers, than upon
truck wheels of the same diameter, and a proportionate I
diminution of force would take (ilace in (Irawing shipg
in the inclined planes. An important feature in the pro-
posed system is, that whatever may bo the extent or
situation of the arsenal, that only one slip or one cradle
cui'riage, and one sliding-olf carriage are required for the
whole establishment; that ships intended to be laid up
in ordinary, may be disposed of at the more remote part
of the yai'd; that ships could be more expeditiously and
economically repaired; that any ships may be selected
from the line, and transported fully rigged and e<iuipped,
without disturbing any other ship, and launched to be
completed afloat for sea.
Fig. '2 is a line-of-battle ship, supposed to bo laid up
in ordinary, shored up, and the keel resting on the same
rollers on which she was drawn up.
Fig. 3 is another line-of-battle ship similarly supported,
with her lower mast in, supposed to be under repair, or
in the coui-se of fitting for sea.
Fig. 4. Masting shears, to which any ship may be moved,
masted, unmasted, and returned to her position. The
acquisition of this new motive power, which reduces the
propulsive force or traction, by 50 to 1 over fixed axles,
renders it perfectly pi-acticable to construct railways
(except where tunnels are unavoidable) for the conveyance
of shi])s, adapted for all the ordinary purposes of trade
and manufacture traffic, \vith a velocity of 10 to 15 miles
an hour, as shown in fig. 5.
Fig 6. Model of a basin or floating dock, containing
an invariable depth of water for the largest ships of war,
which may be constructed either by excavation or im-
permeable embankments.
Fig. 7. Shows the inclined plane laid down at low water,
extending to and carried over the boundary wall, and
!w::ending with the snme giudient into the basin to float
the ship off, and no locks or dock gates are requii-ed ; the
evaporation or leakage may be supplied by a sluice at
high water, or from any other source in1o.ud. The same
system, as shown in flg. 8, of raising ships, bai-ges, or
other vessels from one level to another, so as to render
locks altogether miuecessary, may be applied to oil the
canals and inland navigation in the country, an. I mii'
coliMiies abroad.
Fig. H. Model of the royal chain pier, Hright<in, t'lui-
stnicted on a scale of 1 1 inch to a foot, u iiorfect rt'|nn
sentation in detail of the whole structure. The iniiiM'
cliaiuH supporting the pluti'oi'mH are secured to iron re-
taiuing ])lateH in the clitf; the outer chains are supporti'd
by diagonal shores in the centre of the outer pier-head;
the lower extremities are backed on each side l>y twu
74-gun ship anchors, driven to a considerable depth into
the chalk rock. It was begun in November, IHJ'J, and
finished in November, 1H2;I.
[The Urighton chain-pier, opened in November iHJ.t,
was designed by (?apt. Sir Sikmuel Hrown, U.N., whotlrHt
suggested that the chains should bo made of long Hut
bars with holes drilled in their ends, by which they
might be connected together by short links and pins. Hu
patented this invention in 1817. — S. 0.]
Fig. 9. Model of the mariners' compasH, exhibiting the
points on a vertical bolt or zone, where they may be seen
in all directions, nt any desired altitude above the duck.
Fig. 10. Modelof a brass coluinnal beiu'ing and distance
revolving light-hoiiso, designetl for the great H.uioin
rock, on the south-west coast of the Island of UuernHoy.
The centre of the light would be I'M feet above higli-
water mark, spring-tides, and distinctly visible in cluur
weather, at the distance of 12 miles; the second altitudo
would be seen at the distivnce of 10 miles; and the third
altitude 8 miles. The metal dome, 10 feet in diameter,
would be tempered into a liell the largest anil most
sonorous in the world, and would be struck at intervals,
during fogs or thick weather, to warn against danger.
There would be ample accommodation for the light-
keeper; and also, provisions an! stores for four months,
or longer, if necessary. Tht total ex|)ensg of ei-eoting
and completing the brass column ready for the reception
of the light of the first order would be 10,000/. ; time of
execution not exceeding six months; and its stability
would be guaranteed for seven years.
[Sea water hns an injurious action ujwn cast-iron ; brass,
however, efl'ectually resists its effects, hence its value fur
the tower of a lighthouse erected in the sea. Double
lights are used as distinguishing them from neighbouring
lights. Lights are obscured by fog, and therefore a con -
trivance, such as a fog-bell, by which the seamen aui be
wai-ned of danger is desiiiiblo. — S. C]
Fig. 1 1 . Model of pai-t of a railway, with a centre guide
rail to prevent the engine or carriages frem nmniug oti"
the mils. Model of a set of riulway carriages ; the axles
pass between the bodies of two, which places the weight
below instead of above the centre of motion and traction,
and admits of an increase of the diiuneter of the wheels
iu the ratio of five to three, diminishing resistance to the
motive power in the same ratio. They may also be
adjusted to suit both gauges.
Fig. 12. Model of the main and after body of a shiii
fitted with submarine steam propellers; ajiplicable also
to a life-boat.
Fig. 13. Model of two pair of midship timbers, or rilM,
of a line-of-battle sliip ; the butt end secured witli
wrought-iron or gun-metal plates, let in flush, which
renders the joints nearly as strong as the solid timber.
Fig. 14. Model of an ccpiipoised bed, or sofa, undiB-
turbed by the ship's motion at sea.
NAVAL AUCIIITECTURE, MILITARY ENOINKERING, GUNS,
WEAPONS, ETC.
INTRODUCTION.
TiiFi present rioss will bo resar(lo<l with much interest by those who are concerned in the maritime and
military jKisition of this country. The objects it incluiles, and which are fully exhibited in many instances by
HKMlels, present a favourable jncture of the resources o{ tlreat Britain, particularly in her marine. They also
represent her means of defence and general military equipment.
The classilication of objects here included comprises the following Biilxlivisions : — A. Illustrations by Models
of Shipbuilding for the purjioses of Commerce, such as Ships, Uuats, Bri<rs, ScluKiners, Luggers, itc. 11. Illus-
trations by Mo<lel8 of Shipbuilding for the puri^ses of war, such as Shi)i8 of the Line, Frigates, Corvettes, &o.
C. Illustrations by Models of Shipbuilding for the application of Steam or other I'owors, such att great War
Steamers, Steam Vessels for long jmssages. Steam Vessels for Inland Navigation. 1). Vessels used for Amuse-
ment, and small Vessels generally, sucli as Sea-going and River Yachts, Rowing-Roats, Fishing-Boats, Life*
Boats, &o. E. Comprises Rigging, Anchors, Windlasses, Capstans, and other articles connected with Practical
Seamanship, and saving of Life from Shipwreck. F. and Q. relate to Army Clothing aiid Accoutrements.
II. To Camp Equipage. I. Naval Gunnery. J. Artillery Equijiments for the (iarrison and Field, and
Machinery for 1 ransjiorting Ordnance. K. Includes Orcbiance and Projectiles. H. Small Anna; and
M. Military Engineermg generally.
The Class is not confined in the Building to one locality. Objects comprised by it are found in the South
Oallery West, where some models of fortifications, together with a variety of guns, pistols, and swords are
disiwrsod. The interspace between the South and North Galleries contains some costly and beautiful models
exhibited by the Lords of the Admiralty. North of the Great Organ, a variety of moflels illustrating methodi*
of rigging, capstans, windlasses, &c., are placed ; and a space extending along the North Gallery eastward,
contains models of ships, rafts, &c. On the Ground-floor, at the eastern extremity of the space devoted t(»
machinery in motion, are also some objects related to Class 8. The remainder of this Class is to be sought
in the Southern Galleries, on the foreign side of the Building, in Avenaes P. and Q., extending from 62 to 70.
The progress of naval architecture forms an interesting study in th') objects included in this Class. The
transition from the inconvenient and unsightly fonns of antiquity to the graceful outlines and imposing contour
of a modern first-class ship is no less remarkable as an indication of prog.-ess in this science, than instructive
as a practical evidence of the consistency of beauty of form with those (lualitics deemed essential in these
structures. The beautiful discoveries of the laws and forms of wave-movement in fluids — a study at first
without apparent direct practical application — ^liavo been successfully reduced to practice, and have led to the
adoption, in a few instances, of that form of construction which theory indicated to be the most suitable. A
prolonged experience will jirolmbly justify this apjilication. The Iwautiful mrJels of frigates, and other ships,
showing the bow, stern, and transverse section, will receive much attention.
A very large collection of models of Ixiats for saving life at sea is exhibited : so great a number of ingenious
methods of constructing lil'e-lioats, a88\uncd to lie incapable of being upset or swamped, was probably never
lireviously brought together. Some of these are on the twin principle, some are of caoutchouc, and some of
gutta-percha.
Ordnance and projectiles for purposes of war are sparingly exhibited. It appears to have been felt that this
was an institution of jieace. But of small arms, adapted chiefly for field and forest purjioses, a great display is
made at the end of the South Gallery West. Rifles, fowling-pieces, pistols, swords, &c., some of which exhibit
skill in their construction, coupled with elaliorateness of ornament. Several of them indicate the application of
new principles for prevention of accidental discharge, and some of new propulsive power. The remarkable
proiierties of vulcanized caoutchouc, coupled with the discovery of the cumulating power of bands of this material,
have lieen applied with success to various projectiles, and apiiear to promise new and important results.
Out of the miscellaneous collection of objects grouped together in this Class, some adapted for recreation —
some for utility — some for oflence and defetice — a selection for particular study may well be made by the visiter
to the Building. But jirobably no part of this Class will he regarded with more interest than that which illus-
trates the early, pro.iresaive, and present application of the steam-engine to navigation. The models illustrative
of this subject foiTu a most instructive part of the collection. — R. E.
M4
Clam 8.-NAVAL ARCFIITKCTURE, MILITARY ENOlNRKRrNO, [ITkitki.
Wmt End Oai.lbrv and Soiitii-VVkkt Oaixkry.
I
I
1 Clayton, Ricbaito, 0 Of t»hiim .^n««(— Inventor.
Th« ■wiinining i{l<>ve, ileHignuil ami forineal artor tliu
wab-foot ihapA.
2 Clakkmn, T. C, hi >7(raiuf— Inventor.
MuiloU of life-buntM, fonned nf cork, &a,
;< RxAix, W,, Rendinii — Inventor nnd Mnniifnctiirer.
Anchor without beiun or Htook, and having throe fluke*
or gmppleM, all of which will lay hold at the MDie time,
4 MiTRRAr, Jane* — Inventor.
Mu<lel of harpoon gun.
5 LloHT, R., 216 Hiijh Strtitl, Wupping — Inventor and
Drnigner.
Model* of life belt* and buoy*.
Modnl life-boat, 5 feet long, fitted with patent "buoy-
ancy" material, and apnaratu*, tubes and valve* complete.
Model of another, ror light transport in exploratory
expedition*, and to cro** river*, lake*, Ac.
Piece of natenl "buoyancy" material, as fitted and
adapte<l in *hip*, yacht*, boat*, and bolt*.
Specimen of ladie*' nnd gentlemen'* yachting jacket;
it* object if to completely support the body in cose of
•ooidentol iuimenion in the water.
Model of a yacht'* boat with patent "buoyancy"
arrangement*.
6 Rkekm, T., 50 Ifiukfr Street, Ciettea — Inventor.
Nautical cap, which con be immediately converted into
a safety swimming belt.
7 FosTE", J., R.N. — Inventor.
Specimen of wood and India-rubber joining*.
8 ViCMEM, Wm. Randall, 32 Itakii- Street, Portman Sq.
— I)e*igner.
Oeometrieal floating life-belt, made of *ail canvas, and
divided into Ave compitrtmenta, etuff'ed with cork-cut-
ting*. Model* of strong aail-convas, made up for stuflBng.
Sample* of the *ail-oAnvafl, and two sample bog* of the
cork cutting*. The life-belt can be folded up (nearly in
the form of a ctibe) and made to serve a* a cushion on
board ship. If one of these compartment* *hould be
torn, the rest would still form a useful belt. It is mode to
surround the body of the wearer and leave hi* arms free.
9 HOLBSOOK, J, N., 4 Remington Street, City Roid~
Inventor.
Polar life-preserver.
Wood raft, to be carried on board ship*.
Tubular raft for same purpose.
Large round floater, to be thrown out to drowning
persons.
Captain's life-preserver.
Gentleman's fishing-stand, for the middle of rivers.
Ladies' bathing machine, by which they may with
safety go far out, in fine weather, and obtain the full
benefit of the sea, and be brought to shore by a line
attached.
Small bottomless life-boat.
The game made of copper, to bo placed on the sea *hore.
Model of an iron bottomless life-boat, 26 feet long.
It is suitable for the roughest sea and actual service, in
case of fire or shipwreck. The boat i6 mode entirely of
wrought and sheet iron, lined and covered with strong
netting. Its dimensions are 26 feet long, 8 feet wide,
and 3 feet deep, with iron gunwale 21 inches high; the rod
and bar iron is about 800 feet, with 6 floaters made of
105 pieces of sheet iron, filled with 300 feet of tubing
formed into 150 air and waterproof barrels, with 15 tanks,
holding 222 gallons for fresn water; provision*, warm
clothing, compass, alarm apparatus, fuel, fireworks,
rockets, with 1,000 feet of line attached. The whole is
firmly secured together with about 400 screws and bolts,
and riveted with 10,000 rivets. There is in the figure-
head a simply constructed kettle, by the same inventor,
that will boil in 10 minutes, 8 quarts of cofftee. The
nidder can be shipped or unshipped In a flnr seconds, and
oara and sail applieil if reipiired; the tutiil weight ia
20 owt.
The boat having no bottom renders it almost ini(>o**ili|,.
to capaise, and slioidd It* six ttiiaters become punctur«<i,
full of hole*, and all fllle<l with water, the numenmn
barrel* iiuiiile will be amply sufllciont to prevent it
sinking — *uoh is the buoyancy, that it will carry nearly
l.'iO fionion* and fiMxl for many days.
Model of a life anil body i)re*erver.
White glass ginger-beer l)ottle, and green glass soda
water bottle, in the use of which no cork, string, or wiiii
is retiuired ; they are also suitalile for ale, porter, wine,
&c. The stop|ior will not give the liquor any unpleasant
smell or taate.
10 Lkb, TuOMAl, 4 Pritiil Street I fill — Designer and
Manufacturer.
Improved life-preserver, or swimming-belt, to sustain
the wearer in on upright position in the water.
11 Spenckr, Edward, tirt Fenchwch Street —
Manufacturer.
Patent buoyant and water-tight trunk, capable of tu*-
toining fifteen i>rrsons in the water.
13 Helv, Alfred Aitouarirs, 16 Mnnchctter Buildingi,
Westminster — Inventor.
The catamaran, or life-float, composed of waternronf
canvas cylindrical coses, filled with bedding, clotning,
provisions, stores, or any matter of less specific gravity
than water.
Salvage boat, wholly composed nf metallic tubes,
forming atmospheric and hydraulic chambers, with
loaded keel and self-shifting wheels.
Life-girdle, composed of spherical floats strung upon
an endless elastic band.
Patent cork-driving apparatus and vent-bottle.
14 Bell, Huoii, Baltic Wharf, Millbank, Westminster —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Model of a " water piipnel," -r " deep sea anchor."
Model of a " submarine boat," to pass closed under
water, scale one inch to the foot.
Model, on the same scale, of a " locomotive diving
bell," which may be lued as a common diving bell, witli
the apparatus usually attached for forcing in air.
Life boat, for the beach, on the scale of one inch to the
foot.
15 Royal Humane SociETT—Proprietors.
Ice-boat, presented to the Royal Humane Society by the
society e8tnl)lished at Hamburgh, constructed, for light-
ness, of wicker-work, and covei-ed with raw hides ; being
placed upon rockers, this boat may be propelled on the ice
with great facility, and in coses where a number of skaters
break through in one spot, it has proved invaluable for
saving lives.
Breaker ladder, a simple ladder with two air-tight
barrels fixed at its broa<l end; being secured upon two
wheels it may be used by one man with ease. On the
immersion of a skater, the broad end of the ladder is
pushed into the hole; the buoyant power of the barrels
allows the drowning man to climb on to the machine ;
and to walk along it to its narrow end, which, resting
upon the sound ice, affords the means of escape.
Ice sledge, composed of two canoes united by three
thwarts, forming thereby a floating platform. It can be
used on the ice with ease; it has great buoyant power
.'being capable of sustaining as many persons as could
cling to it), and cannot be capsized.
Rope drag, used for dragging in deep water with a
tide or running stream. When persons fall into the water
from vessel* or steam-boat piers, this machine can be used
with greater certainty and in less time over a given space
than any other kind of drag. The above apparatus is
provided by the Royal Humane Society at stations on
the River Thames, and on canals, docks, and places
where they are most needed.
KiNlllNtM, ]
OUNH, WEAI'ONH, Ac.
WkHT r.Xr) nAU.RHV AND Hot.TII-WltHT OaIXKRY.
Pills 'trnff. iiiaii in nhnllow wntnr nn>l wher« thnra ii no
KtriMun. To tlin tiinnlv timi nf thix mnnhino many hnthen
Aiiil Kkntnni nwa thuir 1lvi>«i.
A polit ilrnR, with nn airtight oyllndfir placnd in
Hii amitrfl, to mtiilHr It a flimtiiiK ilrnK. It in imuiI fnr
roMiiiinu p«r*nnii who hnve linikun through the ige nntl
liitvo hoen (Irnwn iimler it* iiirfikoe,
III HaTT, C, /.oiimlofl, Siiffiilk— Inventor.
MihIoI of n lifulxmt,
17 Hharkr, W., fJjreUr, D«ron— Invontor.
Model of a lifulMmt.
18 RoDERTiON, John, LimohivtM llute, Poplar —
Miuiiifitotiiver.
CiilU of oordnffo, nmnufocturod from tarrod Rii«*ian
hoinp, white Muiulla hemp, and tarred New Zealand flax
(I'hiinmiUH tetuix). (In Claiset 5 und 0.)
[The valuable and remarkable product, commercially
known an New Zealand flax, in the flbre of a plant indi-
KvnouH in that country anil in Norfolk Inland, The flbre
I* obtained from the lea vex of thin plant, and in many
reii|H!vtfi rivals that of hemp for toughnoHH. The plant
belniigN to the nattiral family Liliacecr: it* cultivation
in other than ita native dUtricta haa hitherto been
attended with indifferent reiiult«. — R. E.]
Patent gun trumpet, for fog or alarm slgnalii.
Model*, Rhowlng Rapiion'H patent glide tiller.
10 Kino, P. H. F., Sudnen Cotlaur, Ih'wktl Place,
Cheltitihivn — Inventor,
Marino table for preventing bn^nkagoH at Mea, The
Kxhibltor HtatuH that the top of thix table will remain
|ierf«otly level without any regard to the rolling of the
nliip; it U portable, and may be taken apart in nine
pieoeR. Registered.
20 Hoi.Ti'M, William, Wilmer, Deal — Inventor.
Model of an apparatus for propelling a line to a vessel
In distrass at a short distance from the shore, intended to
RUpontode the use of gunpowder; with a model of a wicker
boat to travel on a hawser from the shore to the vessel.
21 Jkrninqham, Arthur William, CommanderH.M.S.
" Excellent," Portsmouth — Inventor.
Model of an anchor to be flred from a mortar of 5}inoh
bore, with a charge of 1 0 ounces of powder, to carry a two-
inch Manilla line out 200 yards to sea, for the purpose of
linuling a lit'u-boat off through the surf when the wind is
on shore.
22 Manrv, O. W., Qrcut Ytirmotdh — Inventor.
Model of lifo-boat and mortar apparatus.
211 AvcKnouRN, Frederick, 129 Strand — Sole Inventor
and Moiuifacturer.
Patent float, or invisible life-preserver, and swimming-
belt. This apparatus may be worn without inconvenience,
may bo instantly rendered available in cases of shipwreck
at sua, and may be used aH a support in le.irning to swim.
It is portable, easily managed, and will last for years.
Models of life-boats and portable boats, invented by the
exhibitor.
25 OrFORD, D., (Ircat Yarnwuth — Inventor.
Uintpnol shot, to assist the hauling of life-boats, &c.,
off the beach through heavy surfs.
2fi Offord, D. k Eradbeer, S., Orcat Tarmnuth—
Inventors.
Rock life-preserving apparatus.
27 Leftwich, W. H. 43 Cmnhcrhnd Market,
Regent's Park — Inventor.
M«del of a hsavy-anneu outter, constructed from por-
tions of various old men-of war and of other oak from
places of notoriety. On a stand of the surplus wood.
2H
PlVRMKR, JORIPH, 7;l ■l/infi:')iri/SlriYl, NtW ffiH-th
Uttiiil, //ikrlnn- Inventor.
H<ilf acting flro-iwcano, with some imeful practical ini-
provements; exhibit«<i for cbeapueH.
lioinli-shell.
20 Cartr, Alexander Oordon, Citadel, JIM—
Iiivuntiir and Manufiwturar.
Pocket appan ' ih for throwing A line to a strandod
■bin.
S»df acting lifebuoy, invented in 1811; by its means,
since IHIIH, the Uvuh of nearly 4<H) pentons have lieen
saved.
Hoa-wrvice rocket apparatus, for throwing a line from a
voMMul til the shore, or to anotlier in dlHtres* at sea,
Hulf-adjuMting cork life-belt,
Alarin-Mignal, for the protection of houses, oiit-houMi*,
plantations, ^
MO DiTCHDORN, Thomas JoiiEPn, 0/(ioAicn/A— Designer
and Huildor,
Models of the following vetiteU, &c. ; —
War steam-vessel of 1,2(10 tons and 400-horse power,
named " Vladimere," built in I84H for the Emperor of
Kiissia,
Hteam-packet, named " Taman," built for the Russian
Qoveniment,
Screw stoam-Tcssel, for coast defence, named " Shar]*-
shooter," built for Her Mfuesty's sei-vico.
Steam-packet, named " Wonder " (one of five packets),
built for the conveyance of passengers and merchandiss
between Southampton and the Channel Islands.
Iron cutter yacht " Mystery," built for Lord Alfred
Paget, M,P.
The first passenger steam-pockot on the river Thames, in
the ferry between London and Qravesend, built 1813; of
40 tons burthen, and 9 hnree -power.
" Earl Spencer," one of the last passenger sailing
packets that plied betiveen London and Oravesend, built
1796.
The " Fairy," screw steam-yacht, built for Her Ma-
jesty.
Iron schooner sailing ya^.lit, named " Volna," bidlt for
the Orand Duke Constantine of Russia.
A Riv.T Thames passenger Hteain-hoat.
JaniPB Watt's experimental steam-lioat, "Caledonia,"
fitted with two 14-hoi " engines, which mode several trips
from Lundon to Mnjrgate in 1810, and ascended the Rhine
to Cobliintz in 1817.
A passenger bteam-poeket, " Favorite," 40-hor«o power,
built 1817, expressly to run between London and Margate,
Wroiight-iron caissoon, built to supersede the use of
entrance gates to the new stone docks at Woolwich.
31 La'-ars, John, Ilridije Street, Bristol — Inventor.
Moduls of a floating buoyant settee, for the decks of
passenger steamers, resembling in shape, size, and appear-
ance the \i8ual settees, and capable of being converted
Into a raft. The seat is composed of two boxes, which
fold on each other, each box containing an air-tight gutta
percha cnso,
32 Sloocett, Richard, Dcmnport — Designer and
Producer.
Specimen of naval architectural drawing, and a new
design, representing the profile and bow of a war steam-
ship of 500-horse power. ' The profile of the bow shows
all the interior fittings, while the front view exhibits the
exterior fittings, anchors, &c., which are transferred from
the profile and half-breadth plans.
33 Simons, William, Greenock, Scotland — Designer
and Manufacturer.
Model of a screw frigate; model of a yacht.
34
Walters, H., Mmtmouth Court, Dorset Place,
Pall Mall — Inventor.
Model of fire-escape and scaling-ladder.
836
C.Ass 8.— NAVAL ARCrilTECTUHE, MIUTAHY ENGINEEnTNG,
WksST KkU (lAI.IiEUY AND SoUTII-WksT GaI.TiKUY.
[United
35 MooBB, WilJ.lAJlF., riymoHth, T>inon — Manufacturer.
Half modol of the cutter yacht, " Pixey."
Half model of the Hchooner yacht, "Halcyon." Built
at riyuinuth by tho exhibitor. Exhibited for asserted
speed aud woatherly qualities of the original.
36 White, Joseph, i'nsc, Cou-cs, Tale of Wight — Designer
and Manufacturer.
Design for a new 90-gun ship. Models of H.M.S.
Victory, Phaeton, 50 -gun steaui-ship Termagant, and
brigs Waterwitch, Daring, and Contest,
Lengthened bow of the Fox frigate.
Old and new bow of the Aniphion.
Models of a schooner aud a cutter-yacht, and Victoria
yacht, built for the Emperor of Russia.
36a White, T. J. &. B., West 0»i-es, Tsle of Wight—
Inventora, Dosigners, and Manufacturers.
Model of the steara-ship, " Vassitei Tigaret," biiilt for
the Turkish Government, 1847.
Designs for a 50-giin frigate, 1838, and for the first
transatlantic steam-ship to New York, 18:!8.
The "Medina" steam-ship, built for the West India
Royal Mail Company.
Design for an ocean steam-ship of 3,000 tons.
Steam-ship "Vectis," built for the Peninsular and
Oriental Company.
Sixty-gun frigate, designed for Turkish students study-
ing naval architecture at Cowes.
Design for fast-sailing or screw-ships, for the China
trade, of 1,000 tons.
Model of the "Samuel Enderby," Southscaman.
Models of life-boats, &c.
Model of a 50-gun frigate.
Model of the "British Queen" steamer.
Screw steam and sailing-ships of 2,500 tons.
' Model of the missionary ship, "John Wesley."
Model of clipper barque built for Messrs. C. Ivens & Co.,
Bristol.
Two China clipjiers, one of 1,000 tons, and another of
1,475 tons.
37 TovELL, Oborce Randfield, Mistlej, Miinningtree,
Kssex — Inventor.
Model of a ship's hull, of parabolical form. The
novelty claimed consists in the uniformity of its lines,
and the ease with which a ship on this principle can be
laid down.
38 MuRRAr, W., 20 John Stivi't, Mclpki — Manufacturer
and Licensee.
Model of a harpoon gun.
Tucker's tapping-up apparatus for propelling.
Normanville's ship-scrubber.
3!) AzuLAV, B. lintherhithi — Inventor.
Model of a sailing vosifol, with auxiliary screw-propeller,
worked by the men on board. It hiis also a backward
motion.
40 Deans, W., 9 ,4»it'ci(,vi Square — Inventor.
Two models of tiiangular-bottomed ships' hulls.
41 Ginsos, A., 2 Kxmovih Place, CMteyilmm — Inventor.
Steam-ship, with improved paddle-wheels, with paddles
attaclied to endless-chainn i • i run over two extra wheels.
Small dragon to drive a gutta percha tail to act as a
propeller.
Itailway in place of a gunwale and space in front, to
carry four guns.
42 GKORUi-»iON, Jam B.S— Inventor.
Method of reotiug tho sails by lowering tho masts.
45 Erskinb, Danibl, C/erk Street, /Mibtrgh — Inventor
and Manufacturer.
Two new life-boats; the one propelled by new pinion
wheels and self-acting marine syphon -pump; tho other
fitted with air-tight cylindei-s made to revolve on axles '
life-protecting rings and other improvements. '
46 Richardson, H. T. — Inventor.
Model of a life-boat.
47 AcilESON, J., 102 Leudenhall Street-
Model of a life-boat.
■Inventor.
49 BosNEV, William Wolfe, Claremotit Villa, St. Jo/m's,
Fitlhnm — Inventor and Proprietor.
New life-boat, with numerous cells, composed of gutta
percha, of peculiar fonns, together with gutta percha life-
buoys. It is not easily capsized, and when turned bodily
over, rights itself inmiediately. It rows or sails equally
well both ways, and steers with oars or rudders.
A life-boat, 30 feet long, 8 feet beam, 3 feet deep,
b>iilt ujK)n this principle, is said to be capable of saviii}?
300 persons, and to be perfectly manageable when full of
water and persons. A boat of gutta percha has lately
been employed in the Arctic Seas with advantage.
60 HousoN, J., Sinuhrland—lu\ejitor.
Model of a life-boat.
51 Allan, J. H. — Inventor.
Model of a life-boat.
52 White, Thomas, jun., Cowes, Isle of Wight—
Designer, Inventor, and Manufacturer.
Four models for the entire navy, from one design.
50-gun frigate and corvette upon parabolic sections. Heav-
iug-uj) slip, with recent improvements in doubling tho
power with the same machinery. Work on naval archi-
tecture illustrative of the whole.
53 Hawkswortii, A.
Model of a life-boat.
-Inventor.
54 Reed, John, 7 Silver St., Stockton-on-Tees— Inyentor.
A life-boat, which is said to right itself under any cir-
cumstances, without the aid of an iron keel or deadweight.
It may be built of any size, and can bo constructed of
wood or any of the metals at present used in boat or
ship-building.
55 Trfdwen, Richard, Pmhtotc — Inventor.
Model of a life-boat. •
56 WiGRAM, Money, & Sons, i)/i(cA«jaW— Inventoi's.
Half-models of ships, &c.
57 RoBSON, Jonathan, Qutesheml, A'cerasffe— -Proprietor.
Model of an iron steam-tug or passenger steamer, beiiit,'
the first used for towing on the Lower Diuiube; length of
keel 98 feet, and of deck 115 feet. Breadth of beam
1 7 fei't 3 inches. Area of midship section, 62 feet 3 iuclies.
Draught of water 4 feet lA inch at each end, with 14 tons
of coal on board. Single lever engine of 41 inches cylin-
der, and 4 feet 3 inches stroke; with the ordinwy flue
and boilers.
58 Petley, T., 7 Orciit Hermitage Street -Inventor.
Model of iron steam-tug.
59
Greener, W., Uirmingham — Inventor and
Mauufikcturer,
Pair of double guns in case, 10 gauge, 71 lbs. weight
each, barrels made of laminated steel. Double rifle in
case; barrels of laminated steel.
Patent harpoon gun, as used in the "Arctic Seas," witii
lines, gun harpoon, and model of the heiul of a whale-bout
ready for use. Harpoon gun, &c., as used in the South
Seas, or spenn-whale fishing.
KlKODOM.]
GUNS, WEAPONS, &c.
West Enp Gali,ery akd South-West Gaixeby.
337
Rocket gun and rocket lines for Having lives from ship-
wrecks, fixed upon a model of the exhibitor's life-boat. Is
calculated to effect communication up to 600 yards with
accuracy, and obviate the present defect of the rocket
being deflected from the intended aim.
llegistered stanchion gun for wild-fowl shooting. Fired
by percussion tubes.
Military musket, of a lighter construction, and greater
durability and range than those now in use. Double
military rifle on a new construction.
Pair of newly-finished gun-barrels in the piston proof
frame, prepared for proving. In this process the cylinders
of the barrels are closed by steel plungers, and the charge
is allowed no vent for escape but through th"i orifice of the
nipples. Thus the caimcity of the barrels to resist the
confined force of any given quantity of gunpowder is
ascertained.
Specimens of laminated steel in various shapes, showing
ita tenacity, tenuity, and density.
Gun harpoons, lances, rockets, &o., as ornaments.
60 DfNE, W., 17 Basinij Place, Kinr/sland Road, and
Brighton Station, London Bridge — Inventor and
Proprietor.
Model of a patent life-launch, which cannot be stove in,
clears itself of surplus water, and is capable of stowing
away provisions and water for one month, and of sup-
porting more persons than could attach themselves to it.
Model of an overland or emigration patent life-boat,
ten of which can be stowed in the space of a common boat.
Model of a " stone life-hout."
Model of a diagonal or lattice-frame registered life-boat.
Model of a patent collapsible life-raft, for pontoons or
bridges.
Model of a stone buoy.
Model of a bottomless life-boat, that can be thrown
from the deck of a vessel for immediate use.
Model of a patent cattle life-preserver, equipped on a
horse, showing a method of buoying up cattle while in the
water.
Model of a patent buoyant box, the system being appli-
cable for portmanteaus, mail bags, &c..
Model of a life-boat comb, or apparatus for the safety
of boats when boarding wrecked or distressed vesuels in
heavy surfs.
Model of 9 patent life-buoy. While buoying up an
individual out of the water it provides him with rockets,
blue and other lights, to show what position he i» in,
should it be in the night; these ignite upon being taken
out.
61
Bbown, Lenox, & Co., 8 BiUitcr Sqmre-
Inventors and Manufacturers.
Model of an Admiralty regulation anchor — the largest
used. Part of the largest chain cable, 2+ inch diameter
of iron, exhibiting a swivel, a joining shackle (with Lenox's
plan of fastening the pin), and an anchor shackle.
The smallest anchor and part of the smallest cable used
in the Royal Navy.
A patent windlass purchase. The motion is obtained
by fnction of metal bands upon metal barrels; no wheels,
or palls, or other machineiy required ; cable can be given
to the ship at any moment by slackening the bands with
the lever in front.
Registered pit chain, used in coal and other balanced
pits. The three chains are fastened together by metal
plates inserted in the block of wood.
Patent malleable cast-iron blocks or pulleys for ships,
engineering, and other pvu-posea, intended as a substitute
for wooden blocks and wrought-iron or brass blocks ;
cost to any shape, and rendered tough or malleable
afterwards.
02
Fawce'iT, Francis, Mount Plediant, Dom/lns,
Tsle of Man — Proprietor.
Models of life-boats, on the twin principle, completely
decked over, and divided into twenty air-tight compart-
ments, which can neither bo swamped nor upset; and as
the keel forms both stem and stem-post, they are well
adapted for landing in a heavy surf, no point presenting
itself as a fulcrum by which they can be capsized.
63 Bettelet, J., Liverpool — Manufacturer.
Model of ship's windlass, with patent propeller.
Patent anti-friotion sheaves.
64 Baillie, Benjamin, 118 Wardjm- Street, Soho
— Inventor.
Model of a vessel, with improved rigging, mast, and sails.
Intended to give to a fore-and-aft rigged vessel, or to a
lugger, tlie advantage over one square-rigged, in working
to windward. The sails being bent to booms, which are
1 ivoted or hung by their own leverage, will acljust them-
selvf.) to the required angle, without the labour required
to L ace the yards, as in square-rigged vessels; at the
same time, being brought up to windward by the booms,
will lessen the pressure to leeward incidental to ordinary
fore-and-aft rigged vessels.
66 Pearson, J. W., Mill Dam, South Shields — Inventor.
Model of an oar.
66 Thompson, Thomas, Commander, R.N., 3 George
Street, Leith — Inventor.
Safety-plug, for boats and vessels, constructed of gun-
metal or brass, for the prevention of casualties arising
from the loss or misplacing of the ordinary loose boat-
plugs, and for greater security from leakage and facility
of adjustment.
67 Parker, Chas., Newark, Notts — Inventor.
A screw valve, consisting of a circular bi-ass plate, of
about three inches diameter and a quarter of an inch
thick, having a hole in the centre to admit the valve,
which is opened or closed by means of a screw attached
to it ; the latter works in another screw fixed on the
plate, immediately over the valve-hole. Intended to
sui)ersede the present plug in ships' boats. Being a fixture
it cannot be lost, as the plugs often are.
This screw-valve is large enough for an ordinary-sized
boat: it is exliibited in a rough model of a boat, one foot
long.
68 HopwooD & Armstrong, 184 St, George Street,
Wellclose Square — Inventor.
Registered brass side scuttles, with metal doors, for
ships, also for light and ventilation.
68a Robinson, Lieut., W. F., R.N.
A self-acting safety plug for life-boats, barges, and
other vessels.
09
Gregory, Alfred, 54 St. George Street East —
Inventor.
Safety-plate, to cover the aperture of a ship's scuttle,
instead of the whole scuttle being covered with lead,
copper, or wood. It is an external plate, put on from the
inside, making it a solid compact body of brass. It in
designed to save expense in the usual way of covering,
the nails of which injure the sliip's sides; also the multi-
plied expenses of coverings, this mode lasting until tlio
scuttle is woni out ; to make the windows safe in case of
storm in the space of one minute, and, being water-tight,
to prevent any inrush of water; thus tending to the pre-,
servation of human life, &o,— Begistei-ed,
71
Long, Joseph & James, & Co., 20 Little Tou'er
Street- — Inventoi-s and Patentees.
Ciu'vilinoar stoeiHng apparatus. By the simple action
of the liaud upon tlio steering wlieel, the curvilinear lever
is brought to bear on a convex cogged tiller, fixed to the
rudder head. It possesses such leverage, that a boy can
steer the ship. As the cogged tiller is always in a
finrallel line with the centre of the lever, the rudder
)ecomes a fixture when not operated upon by the helmn-
nian; thus securing him from nccident. or strain.
[8]
[OtFiciAi. Ti.i.r.iTB.\TKr ("'ATAionrr,!
338
Class 8.— NAVAL AIICHITRCTUHK, MILITARY ENGINEERING, [United
Wkst Eni> Gam.ehy ANn South-West Gallery,
72 Dbnham, Captain Henry Mangles, R.N., F.R.S.,
Unit Oil Service Club — Iiivantor. Cooper &
Maclean, 12 Billiler Sqmre, Agents.
Model, with a drawing and description, of tlte regis-
tered "jury tiller;" for steering a snip when the usual
helm fittings beeone disabled through Are abaft, the
rudder-tree or head being shattered by shot or a
wringing strain, the inboard tiller breaking short off, or
the wheel gear breaking down suddenly in a gale or a
tide -way. It consists of an auxiliary appendage to the
rudder at the water-line, and can be thrown into gear in
an instant.
73
Hall, Wm. Edward, Moreton, JWeford, and 55
Great Mnri/lebime Street — Inventor.
Mechanical apparatus for the application of the catena-
rian curve to the lines of ships, which might .idvonta-
geously be used by engravers on copper, steel, or \vood.
Copper model of an IS-gun brig or corvette.
Series of diagrams, illustrating a theory of naval archi-
tecture.
74 Baibd, John R., 210 S<r<in<f— Inventor.
Method of lowering a ship's boat when hanging out of
the water, with speed and safety, in coses of accident,
by preventing one end of the boat going down quicker
than the other. A man in the boat oui lower her into
the water, or raise her to a level with the ship's deck, by
pulling a single rope.
75 Orr, M., Oreeiwck, Scotlnml — Inventor.
Model, dra>ving, ."md explanation of angulated jibs.
Treatise on the area of sails for open boats.
76 Watson, T., 79 Provost Street, ffojcton—ln\entor.
Model of a plan for the correct measurement of ton-
nage in ships, steam-boats, &c.
77 Poole, J., jun.. Cupper House, CurnicnU — Inventor.
Model of an improved paddle-wheel.
78 Slater, W., 332 High Street, Wuppituj — Proprietor.
Improved patent copper powder-borrel, which preserves
gunpowder in perfect safety against fire and dump.
79 Oaix, J. & R., U7iirt.y— Inventore and
Manufacturers.
Model of life-boat, emptying itself, when full of water,
in the short space of four seconds, by means of two aper-
tures in the bottom.
80
Place,
Ladd, Chas. p., Lieut. R.N., 10 Walcot
Livnheth — Designer and Inventor.
Marine table to prevent breakage of gloss md spilling
of liquids at sea in rough weather. The invention con-
sists m its being mode to swing freely in the middle of a
saloon table, fixed by screws to the cabin floor.
81 Mason, Edward, Brampton Post Office — Inventor,
Designer, and Builder.
Model of a steom-boot, " Queen of the Ocean," built of
cedar wood out of the old " Gibraltar," Spanish ship of
war.
Model of a self-acting life-boat, calcidated to right her-
self immediately, with the crew loshed to her thwoi-ts, in
the event of being upset, without the assistance of any
additional weight or balance, to.
Midship section of a ship's deck, with concealed fast-
enings,
82 Cobyton, John, Erechtheum Club, St. James's Square
— Designer and Inventor.
Model of a sailing-vessel and life-boat, constructed and
propelled on new principles.
83 Bremner, J., Wick, Scotland-
Model of a life-boat.
-Inventor.
84 Ferocson, C. a. & T., Poplar-
Model of a gtin-carrioge.
-Inventors.
85 Allan, John H., 2 Leaden/utU Street — Proprietor.
Model of a South Shields coble.
Model of truss-work, introduced by Sir Robert Sep-
pings, for the internal fastening of ships, and on the same
principle as the girders of the Exhibition Building. It
represents a section of the between -decks of the East
India ship "Sir Robert Seppings," built at Moulmein, in
the Tenasserim provinces, and is made of port of her teak
planking.
86 Lyons, Ogoroe, 8 Hritain Street, Portsea —
Manufacturer and Inventor,
Model of a screw-propelling rudder.
87 Maroary, — , Inventor ond Patentee.
Specimens of patent canvas. Upwards of half a
million yards have been prepared for the Honourable
Boord of Ordnance by the process of the exhibitor.
Various pieces of prepared and unprepared canvas in
different stages of decay.
The some process is extensively used in the preparation
of sleepers and timber for railway and other purposes.
Specimens of its application.
88 Parsey, William, 455 Oxford Street— Inveuior.
Working model of o bell-buoy for warning vessels of
dancrer. Motion is obtained by the action of the surface
current or tide on a water-wheel, placed between two
floats or barges, which is communicated to the hammer
for striking the bell and giving the aloruni.
89 Kincaid, T., Oreenock, Scotland — Inventor,
Models of fan propeller, variously applied.
90 Beadon, Geo., Captain, R.N., Creechbarrow, Taiintm,
Smiwrsets/iii-e — Inventor.
Prince Alfred's mirror: a glass mounted ujion a nauti-
cal adjustment for glasses.
Universal rowlocks, applicable for any description of
oar.
Whale gun, for projecting harpoons with precision.
Boot sofety reel, to prevent the upsetting of boots in
squalls.
Life-raft for ships; a folding catamaran hung at the
stem, and occupying little room ; the operation of lower-
ing prepares it for use.
Most clamp, to facilitate stepping or lowering boatw'
masts.
Gun elevator, for artillery.
Illustrations of a new system of propulsion, upon a
scale of I of an inch to a cubit.
Indicating or filter cock, to draw off liquids without
disturbing the sediment.
Phaeton hood-lifter, for raiding or lowering heads of
phaetons.
Improved door, obviating d tiughts, &c. <
Umversal tractor.
Nearly all these inventions comprise certain parts
for which patents have been taktn.
91 Clark, Joseph, 10 Pa,iiamer,t Street, Westminster —
Inventor.
Model of the bunk life-boot. To be used os a cot, occu-
pying the space of the bunk or berth, and forming o life-
boat always ready for use. Model of a flexible life-boat.
02 Young, Dowbon & Co., Poplar — Manufacturers.
Ship's improved rudder fastenings, by the use of which,
when the old pintles are broken, new pins con be re-
fitted on bowd, without the necessity of the ship putting
into port for that purpose.
KiSODOM.]
GUNS, WKAPONS, &c.
West End Gallery anu South-West Gau.eby.
as'j
owering boats'
ceHain parts
Wesfminster-
93 Gbastham, John, Onm'je Court, Liverpool — Inventor.
Model of the section of an iron ship, showing an improved
method of sheathing the plates with wood, to enable them
to be coppeied. The sheathing is attached without the
use of bolts. The object is to prevent fouling in tropical
climates, and to preserve the iron.
Iron model on a larger scale, showing the mode of
construction.
94 Smale, Wujjam, 13 Charlton Terrace, Woolwich —
Inventor.
Model of an anchor, which can be taken to pieces and
stowed in one-third less room than an ordinary anchor.
95 HoNiBALL, Jame8, 42 (7om/tiW~Patentee.
Models of Porter's patent anchors, tested by order of
the Lords of the Admiralty.
Potter's Patent Anchors.
These anchors (see fig.> are considered to possess
superiority in strength and holding power.
The advantages peculiar to their construction are — the
protection of ships from accidents common with anchors
of fixed arms, viz. : preventing fouling either at single
anchor or otherwise; affording quick bite in all kinds of
ground, hard or soft, and with short scope of cable will
bring the ship up instantly; preventing damage to vessels
in overlaying the anchor, or m passing over it in shallow
water, as the upper fluke rests on the shank, it cannot
enter the ship's bottom ; preventing vessels, while in
crowded anchorage, from being hooked by the cables
of other vessels; convenient for stowing on board, by dis-
connecting the arms from the shank; easy of transport to
or from a vessel in two boats, when the anchor is too
heavy for one boat; and as, in proportion to the superior
power of these anchors, less weight is required, thereby
affording relief to ships' bows, and enabling them to sail
with greater speed.
97 Betteley, J. & Co., Brunswick Dock, Liverpool —
Inventor.
Model of a windlass.
98 CoTTEW, J. E. 19 South Street, Lambeth — Inventor.
Model of an improved windlass for raising ships'
anchors.
99 Inglefield, Eowaru Augustus, R.N., 'jPortsea
Place, Connaiifjht Square — Inventor.
Model of H.M. brig "Flying-Fish," fitted with a screw-
propeller, to be worked by the capstan; also gearing for
connecting the screw-shaft with the chain-pumps. A new
application of the capstan, and of the chain-pumps.
A small lever handle throws the screw into gear with
the chain-pumps, and the revolution of the screw, conse-
quent on the motion of the ship through the water in a
gale, or even at anchor (in a tide-way), will pump the
vessel out, without any manual labour.
An anchor without a stock, and both flukes taking the
ground, when in use. It is stated that this anchor
cannot be fouled, nor can a ship damage herself should
she ride over it. It has double the hold of an ordinary
anchor ; it takes into two pieces ; is easily catted and
fished, and is simple in manufacture.
100 Robinson, John, 6 Pattison Street, Stepney —
Inventor and Proprietor.
Three life-boats, which will free themselves speedily of
water, and immediately right themselves in the event of
being upset.
Three patent steeling machines, f)r ships or other
craft, intended to ecouoniise space, with a spring rudder.
Two patent machines, for raising weights, weighing
anchor, &c., with facility, giving the ship chain, without
surging on the windlass.
Patent new pumping machine, for raising water from
the hold of a vessel.
101 MUNTZ, Geo. Fred, M.P., Limohouse—lnyentor.
Patent ships' sheathing metal ; intended to supersede
the use of copper for that purpose.
Patent metal rod for ships' fastenings.
102 Wood, Henry & Co., Ziwyjoo/. Wood, George,
& Co., 27.') Wtipping — Manufacturers.
Models of patent windlass purchase and spindles; Lam-
port's patent ship's winch; M'Sweny's patent steering
barrel; Porter's patent anchcv; chain, cable-iron, &c.
103 Browning, Samuel J., 6e Hijh Street, Portsmouth
— Manufacturer and Inventor.
Brass urn-shaped binnacle of new construction, with
newly-invented compass. The same, bronzed by a new
process.
Brass urn-shaped binnacle, ornamented, on a painted
and gilt pedestal. Invented by the exhibitor for Her
Majesty's steam yacht "Victoria and Albert."
Skeleton compass, with cards to show their application
to Mr. Browning's newly -invented compass.
Marine target of new construction.
104 Bebthon, Rev. E. Lyon, Fareham, Hants — Inventor.
Patent perpetual log, for indicating the speed and lee-
way of ships. Its novelty consists in the compensation,
by which disturbing causes are neutralized.
Patent clinometer, for showing the list and trim of ships.
Collapsible life-boat, combining strength and capacity
within small limits of stowage. The act of lowering ex-
pands, and of raising collapses it; when open it contains
a great volume of air in its longitudinal cells.
105 Taylor, Janet, 104 Minorics — Manufacturer.
A bronze binnacle, with compass, designed from the
water lily.
106 Hemsley, Thomas, 11 Kinq Street, Tower Hill—
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Improved ship's binnacle, containing a compass, fitted
with transparent card and reflecting lamp; the lamp can
also be used as a signal-light to other vessels, when re-
quired.
108 Parkes, Henty Pershouse, Dudlei/— Inventor,
Patentee, and Manufacturer.
An anchor-shackle, swivel, and connecting shackles,
as used in chain cables.
A wrought-iron stud mooring-chain, made to supersede
the chains fonnerly made with cast-metal stay, for hold-
ing the floating light ships off Liverpool.
A patent flat pit chain or band. A solid link flat pit
chain, intended to supersede the open link chain.
109 West, Commander, 1 James Street, Adelphi —
Inventor.
Marine compass, constructed on a principle which pre-
vents the magnetic needle from oscillating more than one
degree. Without this prevention the magnetic needle
can oscillate forty-five degrees, viz., till the lower part of
the cone touches the pivot, causing continual revolutions
and vibrations. On the exhibitor's principle, the mag-
netic needle is always steady, and in the heaviest weather
only vibrates four or five degrees.
110
SoULBY, John, 126 ffiijh Street, Wupping —
Manufacturer.
Model of a safety windlass, made of two parts.
Captain Cook's quadrant and compass, the identi-
cal instrusient used by that celebrated biariner in
HIS voyage round the world.
2 C 2
340
Ci,A88 8.— NAVAL AHCHITE'JTUllE, MILITARY ENGINEERING, [Ukited
West End Gaij.kry and South-AVest Gallery.
Ill Jknkins, Jamf.8, 2 Vnlon How, Minories —
Manufacturer.
Boat biiuincle, oontaiuing compose and lamp.
112 Father & Robinson-
Model of a steering wheel.
-Manufacturers.
113 ScouLLER, James, 65 Aifiyll Street, Olnsiiow —
Inventor.
Fog signol-ligUt, for shore and ship signals.
114 Hastings, James, 24 liilliter Street, City—
Proprietor.
Model of a windlass, employed for raising and lower-
ing ships' auchurs, &c., fitted with Johnstone's patent
double-action lever purchase, also iitted with Uryll's
patent whelps, which adjust the cable as it comas in,
causing the turns to shift laterally; thus the leading turn
is always in a line with the hawse-pipe, and the necessity
of using a forebit stopper, and of fleeting over the cable,
is obviated. The whelps being flat upon the face, and
the links of the cable dropping into the cavities between,
and abutting agaiuat the edge of the whelps, the cable is
found to hold on, and is not liable to run out, except to
the extent of a few links under a very heavy struiu. The
d mgerouB and troublesome operation of hooking up the
cible, and fleeting it over upon the windlass, being got rid
of, much time and labour is saved.
Model of a ship's capstan, for raising anchors, &c.,
fitted with Johnstone's patent rim or cable-holder, which
affords the advantage of being adapted for working chain-
cables of various sizes; also fitted with Uryll's patent
uon-surging whelps.
115 A1.U8ON, Edward Wenhan, 36 Nottiiujham Place,
Stepney — -Inventor.
A steering wheel, to prevent accidonts at sea. This
wheel is entirely under the command of one man; and
should any accident happen to him, it will remain without
moving until another is sent to take charge of it.
110 Salter, John, West Street, Commercial Road —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Model of improved ship's capstan.
117 Spencelky, John, Whit at able, near Canterbury —
Inventor and Proprietor.
Patent pillar and screw apparatus, for preventing ships
from "■ hoggipg," «u»d for restoring hogged ships to their
origirial shear, for takiqg all strain off the side fastenings,
and preventing the butt.s from working. It can be used
at 'iea, and the ship straightened without going into dock
CI laid ashore, and is applicable to steam-boats, men-of-
war, and merchant vessals of all descriptions.
119 Mathews, T., 8;J Ilerielck Street, Soho — Inventors.
Model of a paddle-wheel,
120 Gilbert, Edward, f'(i/»ioutA-»-Inventor.
Registered marine signal lamp, which yields a light
equal to a blue light. The wick, which is chiefly com-
posed of metal, may be used for a very long period, Th'»
lamp <\m\ wick re]>rescnted in the annexed cut,
This lamp consists of a metal vessel of about the size
of a two or three pint measure; it may be made of tin-
plate or copjier. It has a cover to prevent the waste or
evaporation of the material used for producing the light,
to which the wick is attached. In this vessel is suspended
by the cover, a coil of metallic wire, interwoven or coiled
with cotton or any other fibrous matter, for the purpose
of holding a portion of the inflammable spirit, which may
be either turpentine or any other of the well-known in-
flammable li(|uids. The metallic wick is held in the hand
whilst exhibiting, and may be carried to any part of the
ship without injury or danger, or be swung rapidly round
with the arm; thus forming a large circle of flame re-
sembling a wheel rocket. <
121 Chapman, J. T., 328 Wapping — Inventor and
Patentee.
Brass models of patent shroud blocks, for setting np
siiips' rigging, and raising weights, as a substitute for the
wooden dead-eye now in use. One man can raise, with
a pair of these blocks, a weight of three tons. A patent
portable screw winch, for setting up ships' rigging, an't
for hoisting in cargo or raising great weights on shore.
123
BuROESS, Francis, 18 Saliabitry Street, Strand-
Proprietor.
Model of main and top masts, formed by splicing small
pieces of wood ; these may be made at sea stiould the masts
of a ship be carried away, and no spar be on board; they
are bound with iron hoops, shown by black stripes in the
model. The object of this invention is to give increased
strength and elasticity : the step and top being formed
alike, should the step give out or decay, the mast may
be reversed and so made good.
124 SiMMENB, J.— Producer,
Model of Mounts Bay fishing-boat.
Olllieit'a RegUiteted Marine 8i(pial Lunp,
125 Smith, Stephen, Ship Yard, Waterfurd, Ireland—
Inventor.
Spring machine, for modelling ships of any fonn or
dimensions.
126 EsDAiLE & Margrave, City Saw Mills, Sefjent's CuimI
— Manufacturers. Bothway, J., R.N. — Inventor.
The 20-inch cat and general purpose block, which had
its strength proved by the testing-machine in H.M.'a
dockyard, at Uevonport, Oct., 1848, and bore the sti-oin
of 50^ tons (unhurt); its weight only 2cwt. Iqr. 01b.
Two models of masts and yards made to scale ; one rigged
with the old rope-strapped blocks &c., the other with the
inventor's internal-strapped blocks, to show the coutrwt
and the superior qualities to all others.
Two models of cat-heads, with the old iron-bound cat-
block and inventor's of reduced size, with weights tu
prove the difference in their comparative power, with a
variety of blocks (from two sheaves in the pair up to
fifteen).
Models and drawings of lower yards fitted with in-
ventor's slings and portable gear-blocks, which have been
so successfully used in the largest ships in H.M.'s Navy
BO many years — and other inventions.
127
Russell, T. Scott, 37 Orcat George Street,
Westminster — Inventor.
Models of ships constructed on the wave principle: —
1. War steamer, with paddle-wheels, constructed by
Messrs. Robinson and Russell, at Millwall, showing the
new patent system of armament, which enables a steamer
to carry double tb' usual armament; capable of being
fired parallel to the keel. This vessel is 550 tons; has
160-horse power; steams l.'i} miles an hour when light,
and 13 1 when at her deepest immersion, with stores,
anmtunition, water, and provisions, and fuel for 2,500
miles.
2. War steamer, with paddle-wheels, on the same
principle, of 1,200 tons, and 400-horse power; arma-
ment, twelve 68-pounders,
KiNClUOH.J
0UN8, WEAPONS, &c.
Weht End Gau.ery and Houth-West OALi.Enr.
841
inventor and
',reet, Strand—
:i, Puddlo-whe«l frignte, on the wave principle; Haiue
closoasthe "Terrible."
4. Siiiling corvette, on the same principle, proposed by
Captain Kitfubuume, and conatructed by IJr. Phippa.
5. Various modela of yaohta and Bteumoi-8, on the same
principle.
128 Ordnance Survey Department.
By Lieut.-Col. Haix — Producer.
Description of Speoimena forwarded by the Ordnance
Survey Department; —
I. — The Ordnat'.oe map of England and Wales, on the
scale of one inch to a mile (equal to gj^th part of the
real size) in its present state ut progress, conHistt< of 9U
sheets, double elephant size, moiuted on linen, and fonn-
ing a connected map 284 feet by 2:1 feet 5 inches nearly,
the more recently published sheets having, for gi-enter
convenience in engraving, been divided into four parts.
The first sheets of part of Essex were published in
1805, and the Inst sheets included in this map, consisting of
parts of Lancashire and Yorkshire, were published in 1 844.
The sheets of the north of Lancashire and Yorkshire,
now in course of preparation, are obtained by reduction
from the six-inch map of those counties ; it being intended
tu publish the remaining portion of the map of England
and Wales on the one-inch scale.
The greatest number of impressions from any one plate
sold to the public has been 5,500 for sheet No. 7, pub-
lished in 1822; and on account of the large number of
impressions that have been taken from the plates gene-
rally, many of them are now in want of extensive repair.
This will, however, be avoided in future, by prepai-iug
duplicate plates by the electrotype process, as new plates
are finished.
n. — The Ordnance map of Lancoshiro, on the scale of
six inches to a mile (equal to Toieoth part of the real
size), mounted on linen, and forming a connected map 40
feet by 27 feet.
The survevwas commenced in 1841, and the engraving
of the 112 sheets (each '6 feet by 2 feet), of which it is
composed, has just been completed.
The physiciu relief and features of the gi<ound are
exhibited by a series of contour lines, or lines of equal
altitude, at every 25 feet vertical distance apai-t; and
these contour lines, together with the altitudes (above
the mean level of the sea), of a large number of bench
niai-ks made on convenient and permanent sites, are
recorded on the map.
A very large proportion of the ornament (woods and
hedge-rows), and the whole of the altitude figures, are
engraved on the copper-plates by the aid of stamps, and
the tinting or shading on noblemen's and gentlemen's
I>arks and demesnes, as well as that of the lands, is
performed by steam machinery, recently introduced.
in. — The Ordnance map of the city of Dublin, on the
8cale of five feet to one mile (equal to ^,^g paii; of the
real size), mounted on calico, and foruiiug a coimected
limp 20 feet by 14 feet (i inches.
The survey was made in 18:18, but the principal detaila
have been corrected to 1847. To render it more pecu-
liarly applicable to the purposes of sanitary improvement,
the pi-esent sewerage uud th« pipes tor the supply of
water have been inserted, together with contours at equal
intervals of five feet in height. This map is published in
33 sheets, each sheet 3 feet by 2 feet.
IV. — The Ordnance map of the town of Liverpool, on
the scale of five feet to one mile (equal to fo^ath part of the
real size), mounted on linen, and fonuing a connected
map of 2d feet by 15 feet.
It is engraved in outline, and coloured by hand.
The survej^ was completed in 1849, and the engraving
was finished in September, 1850.
It is published in 50 sheets (each sheet 3 feet by 2
feet), and it is considered to be on aa large a scale as
cim be put together for any connected public map. The
ornament (trees and shrubs), figures, and small woi-ds
and initials, are engraved by stamps.
The altitudes aif given above the mean lovol of the sea.
V. — Specimens uf hill drawings made by O. W. Carritig-
ton, Eaq., formerly employed on the Ordnance Survey, pre-
pared for and used by the engraver as a guide in etching
the hill features of the one-inch map of England and
Wales.
VI.-- Specimens of hill engravings of the same sheets,
by which the fidelity with which the engravers have fol-
lowed the drawings may be seen.
VII. — Two engravings of hills, in trio-tinto, by Mr.
James Duncan, principal engraver at the Urdnanuu Sui-vuy
Office, Dublin.
1. Map on the scale of one inch to a mile uf part uf
the county of Kilkenny, Irelimd.
2. Map of the same, on the scale of half an inch to a
mile.
The natural features of the country have been engraved
on these maps (which have been reduced from the Ord-
nance Oontoured Survey) in a new and peculiw style,
which has been named trio-tinto by the inventor, Mr.
L'uncan, because it combines the effects of mezzotinto,
aquatinta, and stippling. It is not a tedious or a costly
process, and is applicable to other subjects in art, as well
as that of engraving hills upon maps.
VIII.— Contoured index map to the townland survey
of the county of Kilkenny, Ireland; mounted on a model
of the ground in papier-machd, by Mr. William Dalgleish,
engraver at the Oixlnance Survey Ofiice, Dublin.
As there is no limit to the number of models which
may be cast in a single mould, maps mounted in a
similar manner can be produced at a cost very littlo
exceeding that of the same maps unmounted, and such
maps will be of essential service in elementary schools, by
giving the pupils a more cori-ect knowledge than they
would otherwise obtain, of the relief traced out by the
contour lines.
IX. — 1. Engraved sheets of part of the Ordnance Sur-
vey of the county of Kilkenny, on which the hills liiivo
been shaded by aid of the contour lines. Scale six iuuhc.i
to one mile.
2. Outline map of the same, reduced from the above.
Scale one inch to a mile.
3. Part of the contoured index map of the county of
Kilkenny. Scale half-an-inch to one mile (etiual to
-rjJns^h part of the real size).
Th
'hese specimens are intended to show the facilities
afforded by the contours on the Ordnance maps for draw-
ing the hills upon them, and for giving a correct delinea-
tion of the features of the country.
X. — 1. South-east and north-east quaiters of sheet 91,
of the one-inch map of England and Wales, allowing the
physical relief of the country by contour lines, or lines
of equal altitude, at equal vertical diataiices apai-t; re-
duced from the six-inch map of Lancashire and Yoik-
shire.
2. The same sheets shaded as hill drawings for the
guidance of the engnivei's in executing the one-inch map
of England and Wales, \)repared entirely from the in-
foi-mation afforded by the reduction of the contour Hues
fiMin the six-inch map.
XL— Small model of a portion of country near Bangor,
in North Wales, and corresponding drawiijg of tho
same, by O. W. Camngton, Esq., late of the Ordnance
Survey.
XII. —Plan of the borough of Southampton, on the
scale of six inches to a mile, by Charles Ho'laud, pen-
sioner from the corps of Royal Sappers and Miners.
Reduced from the five-feet map of the borough, prejjared
by the Oixlnance Survey Department for the use of the
local authorities in 1847.
XIII. — Diagram showing the principal triangulation of
the United Kingdom of Oreat Britain and Ireland, of
which an account is now being prepared for publication.
XIV. — Specimens of eleotrotj-ping : —
1 . A copper-plate of the townland survey of the county
of Donegal, engraved in 1837, and an impression from it.
2, An electre-matrix of No. 1, with the details erased,
which have undei-goue alteration since the townland Survey
was made.
84:9
Clash 8.— NAVAL A15CHITECTURE, MILITARY ENGINEERING, [Ukwed
West End Gallery asd Soutii-West Gallery.
3. An electro-duplicate from the matrix, No. 2, on
which contour lines and other additions and alterations
haye been engraved, from the Ordnance survey in 1846-8,
and two impressions of it, one of them taken imme-
diatoly after its separation from the matrix, and the
other taken from it m its present finished state.
These specimens show more particularly the manner in
which the process of electrotyning is applied to the ptir-
pose of revising the maps of the Ordnance Survey of the
northern counties of Ireland, which must without its aid
hare been engraved entirely anew, as it would have been
impossible to have carried out, on the original copper-
plates, the extensive alterations which are necessary.
4. An original copper-plate of the Ordnance Survey of
the City of Dublin, and an impression of it.
5. An electro-matrix of No. 4.
6. An electro-duplicate of No. 4, and an impression
of it.
7. An unfinished copper-plate (as an index to the .5-feet
plans of Manchester and Salford), prepared by electro-
typing matrices from three different plates of the Ord-
nance map of Lancashire, on the scale of 6 inches to a
mile = jij^; removing the detail exterior to the town
portion from the matrices, filing off the edges of the
matrices at the junction lines of the sheets, and then
depositing a duplicate plate on the joined matrices.
129 Elus, Pi A., Commander R.N., Qreat Yarnwuth —
Inventor.
Model of a yacht, with a sliding keel, to enable her to
go up shallow rivers and over bar-harbours. A method
of suddenly lowering the mast to a level with the deck
in a gale of wind. A projecting bow, which tends to keep
the vessel up in a sea-way.
130 Macnab, John, 25 York Place, Edinburgh —
Inventor.
Model of an improved first-class sea-going steam-ship.
181 Oreen, Ricr4rd, Blackwdtl— Owner,
Model of the "Owen Olendower" Blast Indiaman, built
at Blackwall.
132 Howe, Joseph, Nnrcastk-Hpon-TyM — Maker.
Model of a clipper merchant schooner, complete and
In working order.
133 Downs, Henry, Mite Toirn, S/ieerness~Deaigaet.
Model of a corvette of 20 guns, regularly built, fitted,
armed, ana rigged.
134 Lamport, Charles, WorAi/yton— Designer.
Model of one of Messrs. Lindsay & Co.'s line of ships to
Calcutta; 800 tons register.
135 Clarke, Joseph Ano., 1 Hamilton Sq., Birkenhead—
Designer.
Model of a steam vessel to a scale of half an inch to the
foot; intended to represent a steam vessel of improved
construction, and to show how increase of speed may
be obtained by using wheels with moveable floats, instead
of wheels with fixed floats: wheels with moveable floats
are attached to the modol.
136 NORTHDMBERLASD LiFE-BOAT COMMITTEE,
Somerset House, London — Producer.
Models of life-boats, sent in to compete for the pre-
mium of 100 guineas, ofl'ered by the Duke of Northum-
berland, with the names of the designers or builders.
Communicated by Captain Washinoto.n, R.N., F.R.S.
1 Ainsworth, John, Bridlinjlon, Yorkshire.
Model of life-boat. Scale, 1 inch to a foot: length, 34
feet; breadth, 9 feet; depth, 4^ feet.
2 Anderson, Thomas, iVbrM Shields, Korthumberlnnd.
Model of life-boat. Scale, 3 inches to a foot: length,
40 feet; breadth, ll|feet; depth, 4 feet.
3 Beecrino, James, Qreat Yarmouth, Norfolk.
Model of life-boat. Scale, 1 inch to a foot : length, 30
feet; breadth, 0^ feet; dopih, 3^ feet.
4 Bertram, James, 16 East Street, Manchester Sqmre,
London.
Model of life-boat. Scale, 1 inch to a foot: length,
30^ feet; breadth, 9 feet; depth, 2^ feet.
5 Blair, Robert, South Shields, Northtmberland,
Model of life-boat. Scale, 1 inch to a foot: length, 35
feet; breadth, 12 feet; depth, 4^ feet.
6 Bosch, P, Van Den, Oosierhout, Netherlands,
Model of life-boat. Scale, 1 inch to a foot: lengtli, 24
feet; breadth, 4| feet; depth, 2 feet.
7 Bremner, James, Wick, Scotland,
Model of life-boat. Scale ^inch to a foot: length, 33
feet; breadth, 12 feet; depth 3^ feet.
8 Bromley, Oilbbe, Sheemess, Kent.
Model of life-boat. Scale, 1 inch to a foot: lengtb, 32
feet; breadth, 7 feet; depth, 3 feet.
9 Browne, John Hahcodbt, Moorgate Street, London.
Modul of life-boat. Scale, 1^ inches to a foot: length,
23 feet; breadth, 6 feet; depth, 3^ feet.
10 Costain, Thomas, Liverpool.
Model of life-boat. Scale, 1 inch to a foot: length, 30
feet; breadth, 9f feet; depth, 3^ feet.
11 Edmovd, JoHit, Scarborough, Yorkshire.
Model of life-boat (coble.) Scale, 1 inch to a foot:
length, 27 feet; breadth, 7^ feet; depth, 2 j feet.
12 (alkinobridoe, William, Whitby, Yorkshire,
Model of life-boat. Scale, 1 inch to a foot: length,
35} feet; breadth, 8 feet; depth, 'H feet.
13 FAiUBoyr, QsoftOE, South Shields,
Model of life-boat. Scale, 1 inch to a foot: length, 30
feet; breadth, 10 feet; depth 3| feet.
14 Francis, Joseph, Nem York, United States,
Model of surf life-boat. Scale, 1 inch to a foot:
length, 27 feet; breadth, 7 feet; depth, 2^ feet.
Model of cutter. Scale, 1 inch to a foot: length, 27^
feet; breadth, 6) feet; depth, 3 feet.
Model of life-car. Scale, 1 inch to a foot : length, 26|
feet; breadth, 7) feet; depth, 6^ feet.
15 Oale, John & Robert, Whitby, Yorkshire,
Model of life-boat. Scale, 1 inch to a foot: length, 30
feet; breadth, 11 feet; depth, 3^ feet.
16 Oale, O. Hamlyn, Swansea,
Model of life-boat. Scale, 1 inch to a foot: length, 21:')
feet; breadth, 7| feet; depth, 2^ feet.
17 Oaze, Thomas, Mundesley, Norfolk.
Model of life-boat. Scale, 1 A inch to a foot: length 30
feet; breadth, 10 feet; depth, i{ feet.
18 Grant, William, Southsea, Hampshire,
Model of life-boat. Scale, 1 inch to a foot : length, 2,)
feet; breadth, 7} feet; depth 2} feet.
19 Greener, William, Birmingham, ^
Model of life-boat. Scale, 1 inch to a foot: length, 37
feet; breadth 12 feet; depth, 2} feet.
20 Gurr, Charles, Portsea, Hampshire.
Model of life-boat. Scale, 1 inch to a foot: length, 30
feet; breadth, 7 J feet; depth, 3 feet.
21 Hall, Messrs., Aberdeen.
Model of life-boat. Scale, 1 inch to a foot: length, 33^
feet; breadth, 8 J feet; depth, 4 feet.
22 Hardino, J. & J., Whitby, Yorkshire.
Model of lifeboat. Scale, 1 inch to a foot: length, 30
feet; breadth, lOj feet; depth, 3| feet.
23 Harvey, T., & So.n, Halifax, Ipswich.
Model of life-boat. Scale, 1} inches to a foot: length,
41 feet; breadth, 11 feet; depth, 4 feet.
24 Hatt, Cyprian, Lowestoft, Suffolk.
Model of life -boat. Scale, 1 inch to a foot: length, 35
feet; breadth, 12 feet; depth, 4^ feet.
KiNODOH.]
OUN8, WEAPONS, Ac.
Wkbt End Oallrry and South- West Oallery.
343
oot: length, 30
25 Hat, The Right Hon. Lord John, Dewmport —
Superintendent of H.M.'s Dockyard,
Model of life-boat. Soale 1 J inches to* foot: length
32 feet; breadth, 7^ feet; depth, 3 ft. Tin. ; weight, 32 cwt.
26 HiNKB, Henbt, Appltdore, Devon.
Model of life-boat. Soale, 1 inch to a foot: length, 30
foet; breadth, 9 feet; depth, S^feet.
27 HoooMN, JoDEFR, Simderlomd.
Model of life-boat. Scale, 1 inch to a foot : length, 30
feet; breadth, 9 feet; depth, 2^ feet,
28 HoDTBN, William Van, Rotterdam, President of the
South Holland Shipwreck Institution,
Model of life-boat and carnage. Scale, f inch to a foot :
length, 25 feet; breadth, 8 feet; depth, 3 feet,
29 Jones, Josiar, jun,, Liverpool,
Model of life-boat. Scale, } inch to a foot: length, 30
feet; breadth, 9^^ feet; depth, 4^ feet.
30 Lef '' 'onOE, Ttreedmouth, Bervoick,
Mou ^ of At (coble). Scale, 1 inch to a foot:
leng '9 feet, dth, 9 feet; depth, 4 feet
31 Lyons, v^>.oiioe, Portsea, ffampuhire.
Model of life-boat. Scale, 1 inch to a foot: length, 24
feet; breadth, 6^ feet; depth, 3} feet,
32 MllBCRN, Qboroe, Blyth, Northumberland.
Model of life- boat (coble). Scale, 2 inches to a foot:
length, 37 feet; breadth, 8 feet; depth, 6 feet,
33 Orton, Reginald, Biahopsicearmouth, Durham.
Model of life-boat. Scale, 1 inch to a foot: length, 26
feet; breadth, 6 feet; depth, 2^ feet.
34 Palmer, Oeoroe, Naxing Park, Essex.
Model of life-boat. Scale, 1 inch to a foot: length, 26
feet; breadth, 6{ feet; depth, 3| feet,
35 PArrERSON, William, Bristol.
Model of life-boat. Scale, 1 inch to a foot: length, 35
feet; breadth, 9) feet; depth, .3} feet.
36 Plf's't, James, & Edward Pellew, Newbury,
Barkshire.
Model of life-boat and carriage. Scale, 1^ inch to a
foot: length, 24 feet; breadth, 8 feet; depth, 4 feet,
37 RoRiNSON, Alexander, Hartlepool.
Model of life-boat. Scale, 1 inch to a foot: length, 34
feet; breadth, 1 1 feet; depth, 4 feet,
38 Robinson, Daniel, Gosport.
Model of life-boat. Scale, 1 inch to a foot: length, 30
feet; breadth, 7} feet; depth, 4 feet,
39 RoniNBON, William Wharton, Hartlepool.
Model of life-boat. Scale, 1 inch to a foot: length, 36
feet; breadth, 12 feet; depth, 4 feet.
40 Saxdy & Brain, Bonchurch, Tslo of Wight.
Model of life-boat. Scale, 1 inch to a foot : length, 30
feet; breadth, 7 feet; depth, 4 feet.
41 Semmens, J., & Thomas W., Penzance.
Model of life-boat. Scale, 1 inch to a foot: length, 30^
feet; breadth, 7^ feet; depth, 3} feet,
42 Severn, Henry AnonsTUS, 21 James Street, Buckingham
Oate, London.
Model of double life-boat. Scale, ^ an inch to a foot:
leugth, 30 feet; breadth, 8 feet; depth, 44 feet.
43 Sharfe, Benjamin, Lieutenant, R.X., Hanicell Park,
Middlesejc,
Model of life-boat. Scale, 1 inch to a foot: length, 30
feet; breadth, 5 feet; depth, 3 feet.
44 Sinclair, Duncan, 122 Oxford Street, London.
Model of life-boat. Scale, 1 inch to a foot : leugth, 30^
feet; breadth, 11 feet; depth, 4^ feet.
45 Slater & Wright, Whitbi/, Yorkshire.
Model of life-boat. Scale, 1 inch to a foot : length, 31
feet; breadth, 9 feet; depth, 3J.
46 Sparre, William, E.reter, Deiwi.
Model of life-boat. Scale, 1 inch to a foot : length, 35
feet; breadth, 7 feet; depth, 4 feet.
47 Teasoel, William, Ovc^t Yarmouth, Norfolk.
Model of life-boat. Scale, t inch to a foot: length, 32
feet; breadth, 10^ feet; depth, 3 feet.
Model of life-boat. Soale, 1 inch to a foot ; length, 36
feet; breadth, 10^ feet; depth, 3} feet.
48 Thompson, John, Rotherhithe, London.
Model of life- boat. Scale, 1 inch to a foot: length, 32
feet; breadth, 10 feet; depth, 3f feet,
49 Tredwen, Richard, Padatow.
Model of life-boat. Scale, 1 inch to a foot: length, 32
feet; breadth, 6 feet; depth, S^feet,
50 Turner, George, i)<nxmp9rt,SeniorAs8iBtant to Master
Shipwright in H.M.'s Dockyard.
Model of a safety gig for the coast guard. Scale 1^ in.
to a foot: length, 36 feet; breadth, 5ft. 10 in.; depth,
2 ft. 7 in. : weight of boat and gear, 18 owt.
51 Wake, Thomas, & Son, Sunderland,
Model of life-boat. Scale, 1 inch to a foot: length, 34
feet; breadth, 10 j feet; depth, 3J feet.
52 Wake, W. M., & R. F., Sunderland.
Model of life-boat. Scale, 1 inch to a foot: length, 36
feet; breadth, 9 feet; depth, 4 feet,
53 Whettem, James, Portsea, Hampshire.
Model of life-boat. Scale, 1 inch to a foot: length, 26
feet; breadth, 7i feet; depth, 2| feet,
54 White, Thomas & John, Cowes, Isle of Wight.
Model of life-boat. Scale, 1 inch to a foot : length, 32
feet; breadth, 8 feet; depth, 3 feet.
Model of a safety galley. Scale, 1 inch to a foot:
length, 25 feet; breadth, 7 feet; depth, 2^ feet,
136a Hawks, W, R., Plantation House, SMn Hoodts
Bay, near WXft6^— Inventor and Manufacturer.
Model of life-boat, emptying itself, when full of water,
in the short space of four ueconds, by means of two aper-
tures in the bottom^
137 Fa WENS, George — Inventor.
A life-boat, of wood and cork. It is provided with 12
air-tight compartments, lined with gutta percha, contain-
ing nearly 100 cubic feet of air, and three scuppers on
each side of her keel for the egress of water.
138 MiLBURN, G., Blyth, Northumberland-
Model of a life-boat.
■Inventor,
139 McLaren, William, 74 Hijh Street, Camden Tovn —
Manufacturer,
Model of an 80-gun line-of-battle ship, fully rigged,
sails bent, &c. Built entirely of variegated woods,
140 Constable, Henry, 22 Queen's Gardens, Brighton
— Designer.
Model of Lord Kelson's mode of attack on the com-
bined fleet off the Cape of Trafalgar.
141
BiLBE, Thomas, & Co., Nelson Dock, Rotherhithe —
Inventor.
Model of a merchant ship. The frame timbers ore
aiTanged diagonally, by which great additional Htreugth
is given to the fabric, with the same thickness of materials
as formerly used. This plan is economical from the
smallness of the bevellings and elongation of the curves.
142 Colegrave, Francis dward. Round Hill House,
llriijhtun — Inventor.
Model of a brigaiiline, rigged and fitted with patent
anchor, spring cable, and lanyard springs.
The patent spring is intended to diminish the strain
on the rigging and anchor cable of vessels.
143 Brookes, Hkhay,^ Mornington PI., Hampstead R< ml
— Proprietor.
Patent canal and river steam-tug, for hauling vessels on
canals or narrow rivei-s, having neither paddles, wheels,
nor screw propeller, with a double keel, and a well or
trough between them, which may be closed at top
344
Clam 8.— NAVAL AKCHITKCTUUK, MIMTAHY KNdlNKKUINO, [Unitbd
Wkht Knu Oai.i.bhv and Sodtii-Wkmt Cai.i.khy.
or bottom, or both, to form a hollow ohiuuber or tube,
inclined from the centre to the bottom at each end,
AcroaM thi« well at the centre are two wooden w^eo]■,
one over the other, which are driven by the ateatii engine.
Along the bottom of the caniil or nver a flexible iron
band or rail in laid about two inches and a half wide by
one-eighth of an inch thick. This band being raised up
into the well and laid between the two wheeU, the upper
wheel is screwed down and it becomes tightly compressed
between them. Aa these wheels revolve, the band is
drawn rapidly tlmiugh them from stem to stam, when it
again sinks to the bottom.
144 MuMroRU, WiLUAM I'humas, 19 KJiciird Stmet,
Dcptfunl — Inventor.
A model of the paddle-box of a steiun frigate of GOO
horse-power, with wheel and ixtddle-box boat, illustrating
a plun for shipping and uuMhippiug the boat. The ma-
chinery consists of two straight davits, 8 feet 6 inches long,
and two vertical stanciiion^, U feet 0 inches long, blocks
and riggmg, by the application of which the boat may be
hoisted on or off with facility.
Model of a gun-carriage for working a gun ut a bow,
broadside, or stem-port; it can be used with naso when
the ship's bow or stem flai'es out at an angla of '25
degrees, and when wanted at a broadside port, the fore
trucks can be fixed, and uie slides remo\ od immediately.
14.'> AuMiKALTv, SoMEHSET H0U8E— Producer.
Series of Half-Models of Ships-of-War, fitted with Scrow-
Propellers : —
1. St. Jean d'Aci-e, of IWguiw, building at Uevonport.
2. Agamemnon, of 90 guns, building at Woolwich.
3. Imp^rieuse, of 50 guns, building at Deptford.
4. Arrogant, of 4ti guns, at sea.
5. Tribune, of ;<0 guns, building at Sheerness.
6. Highflyer, of 20 guns, building at Blivckwall.
7. Archer, of 12 guns, at sea.
8. Cruiiser, of 16 guns, building at Deptfoi-d.
9. Keynard, of 10 guns, at Hca.
146 AuMiHALTr, SoMER!«ET HousE — Producer.
Series of Half-Models of Sailing Shii)s lielonging to the
Royal Navy : —
1. The Queen, of 110 guns, flagship in the Mediter-
i-auean.
2. Albion, of 90 guns, employed in the Mediterranean.
3. Hannibal, of 90 guns, building ot Deptford.
4. Caesar, of 90 guns, building at Pembroke.
5. S\iperb, of 80 guns, emnloycd in the Mediterranean-
(I. Oressy, of HO guns, building at Chatham.
7. Cumberland, of 70 guns, flag-ship in the West Indies.
K. Kniorald, tiO-gim frigate, building at Deptford,
9. Narcissus, .^o-gun ft-igoto, building at Devonport.
10. Diamond, 28-gun frigate, in ordinary at Sbeuruess.
11. Aiiuihno, 1 8 -gim sloop, at Devonport.
12. Siren, I)!-gun brig, at Shoemess.
13. Pilot, 12-gun brig, employed in the East Indies.
14. Britomai-t, lo-gun brig.
Series of Half-Models of Experimental (Vigatoii of the
Hoyal Navy : —
1. The Arethustt, of 50 guns. 2. Indefatigable, of .'lU
guns. 'A. Leander, of 50 guns. 4. Phiveton, of 'm
guns — all of the Experimental Stjuadron.
5. Italeigh, of 50 guns, in ordinal^ at Portsmouth.
li. Nankin, of 50 gtms, in ordinary at Chatham,
7. San Fiorenzo, of 50 guns, building at Woolwich.
8. Thetis, of 38 guns, employed on south-eust const uf
America.
9. Inconstant, of 30 guns, in ordinai'y at Devoni>ort.
10. Eurydite, of 20 guns, in ordinary at Poi-tsmoutb.
11. Spartan, of 20 guns, in ordiuiu-y at Devonport.
Series of Half-Models of Experimental Brigs in the Uoyul
Navy : —
1. Flying-flsh, 12 guns. West Coast of Africa.
2. Espiegle, 12 guns, in crdinary at Sheerness.
3. Daring, 12 guns, in ordinary at Chatham.
4. <Ji<prey, 12 guus, wrecked at New Zealand.
5. Mutiue, 12 guns, wrecked in the Mediterranean.
6. Waterwitch, 10 gims, in ordinary at Chatham.
7. Pantaloon, 10 guns, Cape of Good Hope Station.
Whole Models of Ships belonging to the Royal Navy :—
1. The Queen, of 110 guus, flitg-ship in the Mediton-a-
neau.
2. Royal Albert, 120 guns, building at Woolwich.
3. Vanguard, 80 guns, in ordinary at Devonport.
4. (Jumberland, 70 guns, flag-ship in the West Indies.
5. Vernon, 50-gun frigate, in ordinary at Chatham.
0. Pique, 40-gun frigate, in ordinary at Portsmouth.
7, Siren, 10-gun brig, in ordinai'y at Sheerness.
Models of Bows, Sterns, and Transverse Sections of Her
.Majesty's Ships : —
Bow, stern, and transverse sections of H.M.S. Queen.
These sections exhibit the most important features in the
construction of the ship — the arrangement of her decks
and the mould of the bow and stem: —
Mow, Stem, and Ttanaverae Siectionaof H.M.S. "Queen.
Bow and stern of H.M.S. Albion.
Bow, stern, and transverse section of H.M.S. Vanguai'd
and H.M.S. Pique.
Stern of a 50-gun and a GO-gun frigate.
Series of models of ships' boats.
147 CaBIPBBLL, ALEXANDERP.,Gce</< /"/MHW/wrf, Xorivich
— Inventor and Patentee.
Patent ship pro[)eller in the model of a vessel with
ttcam machinery, two blades revolving.
Model of a screw stc.micr.
148 TwvBlAN, H., Samstjate — Manufacturer.
Model of a lugger used on the coast for rendering
assistance to vessels in distress.
149 Mare, C. J. & Co., Orchm-d Yard, Btac'iKull—
Designers and Manufacturers.
Model of Her M^esty's iron screw steam-yacht,
"Fairy."
Model of iron steam-vessels built for the Emperor
of Russia, the Vicei-oy of Egypt, &o.
KlNUliOM.J
GUNS, VVKAl'ONH, &c.
West Eni» Oali.kuy ani> Houtii-Wkst Oallkiiy.
:H5
tho Meditorranoiui-
lintham.
in theWeMtlmliuM.
; at Duptfnrd.
Iff at Devuiiport.
ary at BhuurueM,
lort.
\o EaHt ludiea.
1 tVigalou of the
idofatigable, uf riU
4. I'hiwtuu, of iu
}<|ua(lrun.
it Porttiinouth.
t C'hitthaiii.
? at Woolwich,
louth-eoat uonat uf
y at Devoi)|x)rt,
nt Poi-tiiuiuuth.
A Devouport.
Brigs iu the ttuyol
B Royal Navy ;—
ill the Muditenii-
it Woolwich.
Devonport.
he West ludiua.
' at Chathniii.
it Portsmouth.
Iheerness.
Sections of Hur
r H.M.S. Queen,
lit features in tliu
int of her decks
150 Hahrih, Sir Wilijam Snow, /V^mwiM— Inventor.
Pittvtical niodelM, ilUmtrative of the syHteni of con-
iliiotoni employed to pnitect Het' Mi^jeMty's «hi|>M from
li);htniug:—l. Uenenil plan and ocmHtniction of tho con
liiietliiK plates, showing tliu alternate jointing uf the plater*.
'J. Line uf oouductiou ou the musts from the vauo to the
Fig. 1.
' the Empurur
Sir W. S. llunU's Lightning; Conductors.
btep. 3. The conductor an applied to a topmast 4. Go
ncral plan of the hull, with connecting branchea lUid bolt-
communicating in various points with tho sea, viz. ; by
the kuul, at the HidoH; and at Htvni and Htern. .I. Pre-
iHtration of the Htep of thu must, witli part of the keelson.
This method of prestirving ii\\i\m agaluHt the uflucts of
lightning hiut proved ettiuikuious ; and it reipiirus no
care or interference on the part of the otticers or crew.
Since the full employment of this Myritem in the Navy, uu
damage hum lightning has been recorded.
Fig. 4,
Sir W. S. IIarrli'9 I.iglilnin); Con.luctors.
Fig. 1 shows the line of conduction on the masts from
the vane spindle to the step.
Fig. 2 represents the moveable tumbler at the junction
with the caps, in wliich A D is a copi)er plate fixed on the
cap, N M an angular plato set on the hinge CD. P the
conductor on the mast. This hinge in sometimes covered
with a small saddle of wood, to prevent its being damaged.
u
I
340
Clam S.—NAVAL AHCHITECTUHE, MILITAHY KNOlNKKHINd, [Unitkd
Wk8T Knu (Uli.krv and Suutii-Wkmt Oam.kiiv.
Fig. :(. Tha VMia iplnilltf; in which t t iK the |Mirtion
iiMortmt iiit<i the mya) niiMt: ,< the thnxMl of n Rcraw for
Motiiiriug it: Da thick cylimlrioal biue, with a hole at IJ
fur A miiall lever.
Kg. 4. The itep of the tiiaat and portion of keolmm.
A H, M N the tnuinveree ami li>ngitiiilinnl liranohe*
piming round the iitep, and thnxigh the mortice at 8.
/ c the braiu'li over keeliion; Uiltii n b .
[The Mvvral nautical and aoientiAo ounditioni, which
thin nyiteui of lightning oonductom in ihiiia profetwa to
■atiafy, are as follow: — '
The oonduutora are oapaoioun, and alwayii in pliuio,
oon«e<|uently ready to meet the moat iiuex|HH^t«Ml danger,
at all time*, and under any oirciimi>taiieo«, in which the
general fabric in all ita caaunltiea may become plaoml.
The system of couducton*, whiUtlteing purmniu'ntly fixml
throughout their whole extent, atill atlmit, u|Hin donion-
strable principlog of electrical action, the perfect motion
of the sliding musts one on tlio other, or of any |hu^ of the
mast being removed either by accident or deeign, without
fur an instant interfering with the protecting power. The
(Hmductors are iude)H)ndent of the olBccrs or crow of tin-
ship; sn that the sailors are never rciiuiivd to hiindic or
replace them, often » very perilous niul iiniioying Morvico.
The conducting plates are (piite clear of thu Htivnding and
running rigging: the whole scries is calculated to resist
external violence, and at the same time yield to any
flexure or strain incidental to the «|)an to which they
ai-e applied. Finally, the whole system Is so arranged,
that a discharge of lightning falling on any part of the
ship could scarcely enter upon any circuit in its coui-se
to the sea, of which the conductors did not form a |Mu-t ;
hence arises that perfect security which ex|)erieuoe has
shown to be derived from sticli a system.
In the original conception of this system, the inventor
WAS led to 0 insider the electrical discharge, as seen in the
phenomenon of lightning, to be an explosive form of
action of some unknown agency in nature when forcing its
way through resisting matter, such as ivir, all vitreous and
resinous bodies, and some other kinds of matter; whilst
iu traversing other bodies, offering but a very small re-
sistiuice to its progress, this explosive form of action wo call
lightning becomes transformed into a sort of compara-
tively quiescent current. The attempt was, therefore, to
bring a ship, as far as possible, into that passive or non-
resisting state which she wo\ild possess as regards the elec-
trical discharge, supposing the entire moss were mebtUic
throughout, so that, from the instiuit the agency of
lightning struck upon any portion of the mnsts aloft, the
explosive action would vanish, and the electrical discharge
be prevented from traversing the vessel under the form
of lightning. The following extract from the official
journal of H.M.8. Conway, 'J8, whilst proving, by a
great natural experiment, in common with numerous
other coses, the truth of this deduction, is of no ordinary
interest in practical science : —
" Port Louis, Isle of France, 0th March, 1846, 11.4,%
A.M. The pendant staff at main-top mast-head was
shivered in pieces by lightning, Harris's conductor car-
rying off the fluid without further dau age."
The ship was refitting at thi<! tin.o, and l!io top-
gallant masts on deck, so that a suvili spitr was set tip at
the top-mast head as a temporary support for the pendant ;
this gpiir had not, consequently, any conductor on it. It
is seen by the ship's journal, that the spar was shivei-ed
in pieces by the explosive action, which became imme-
diately transformed into a comparatively quiescent cur-
rent on reaching the line of conduction.
The raport of the thunder was as if one of the main-
<leck gtms hail Inwii tlrml. The gunner, who wim sitting
in his Iwrth, inuneiliately under one of the lateral branelum
of the conductor iNMsing through the ship, saw, throti^K
the scuttle port, a brilliiutt bliue »f light from thu ship
upon the sea, but ex|icrienoe«i no inconvenience.]
151 Husband, J., Mf/lur, t'lilinnulh— Inventor luid
Otuistructor.
Model of a new life-boat.
Frame of a merchant ship, showing a iilan of secin-iiig
heads luid heels of tiniliers, without chocks or dowells,
l.^'i Alukiikut, I., .'>7 htk/ Aar — Inventor,
Model of a flnt-cliuM frigate.
IM TuRNniTM., lUmKHT, Niim/A >v/iiV/i/ft — Designer.
Model of the hull of a merchant ship, of Hil7 tons (), M,,
built according to Lloyd's rules, on a scale of a quiu-ter
of lui inch to the foot.
154
TvRNrati.i., Edwin, Whilh;/, yoih/iiie—
Munufitoturer.
Models of a 74-gim ship, of the time of Lord Nelsuu,
and of the steiun-nhip " l'hu<nix."
I,')!')
Ham., Jamiw, llitmh;/, Ihw, Mi<lillc»ex —
Proprietor.
Models of shi]Mi' rudders, and a plan for wearing a
^hip without a rudder.
157 Bkli., Hiruii, Hnltic Wharf, Millbimk — Inventor
and Miuiufacturer.
Life-boat, for the beiwli, on the scide of 1 inch to the
foot. Une end of the boat. The lines representing the
manner in which the two layers of planks shoidd cnms
each other, and the keel and keelson in single plaiikn
from gimwale to giuiwale. It is intended that thiiru
should be a waterproof elastic niatcriul between tliu
layers of planks, to prevent escai>uge, and to diminisli
the effect of conciisHion.
l)utta-|N!rcha canister fitted into the boat. Copper
canister, which may tit the sitme end of the boat. Hcnop
to bale out the water aft:r the plugholes are stop|>od.
Cradle for transmitting every kin<l of boat from place to
plitce on land, A sot of boats in the position of a ship's
long boat, intended for emignuit |HUwenger, troop shipn,
and men-of-wtvr.
158
Browne, Wm. CiiiWKi.Di:N, TotneM, Dcvo)uhirf —
Inventor.
Model of " The Princess Koyal," 120-gun ship, uindu
of wood lutd card-boartl.
159
Harvey, D., l» Ctimmituj I'lucc, Pmimville Hill—
Inventor.
Model of Her Majesty's royal yacht "The Victoria
iuid Albert," on a scale of one-eighth of an inch t" V
foot; and of "The Faiiy," screw yucht, on a scnlo of
one-eighth of an inch to the foot. A tender to the sjuiio.
\lso of a 40-giin frigate, on a scale of three-eightl'.H »f lui
inch to the foot. It is not modelled in the usual way,
but is practically built, with fnmie timbers, and plnnkiHl
over, having one plank streak left out to show the dis-
position of the timbers.
IfiO Orat, John, Newharcn, iViusfx— Ship-b>iilder.
A mechanical model of a S<mth Sea whale PiKhory
ship, on a sode of | inch to the foot, with all the lengtlm
of tiinbei-8, plank, &o., ju-ojierly shifted, butted, and
fostouwl 08 required by Lloyd's rules to Class 12 A I in
the rugi8try ; «a olso in every other jiart of the model an
for ns it is com])leted. There aj-e in the fi-ame 611 8i']ia-
rate timbers, li» lower and '12 upper deck beams, 1,844
treenails, 4,710 bolts.
161 Horn, Henry, Vintonn Cottnge, Kingston, Poiiscii
— Manufacturer and Designer.
Model of a 12-gun brig, on a slip for launching; scale
a quarter of on inch to a foot.
KiNillKlM.
(lirNH, WKAI-ONS, Ai!.
Wknt Kni) (Iam.khv ani> Houtii-VVkht Uai.i.rry.
ur
mk — luvtmtor
oiirillc Ilitl-
Kl'i WiilTK, , I'Mdiioor.
Mixlul of Uio " Huiiiiiel Kuilurliy."
lllll MlIXKH, HavKNIIIU., a Oil., Htltrlijf iliul lUiiokinilt
- -KtiKiiiuxri* iukI Hliip-lmlliluiii.
Mixlul of thu "Jii|iltvi'" ii*«um-li<Htt, riiuiili'.K butwoan
lllitt'kwall ttiitl Untvuauiiil. DumIkiioJ by Ktlwiu-ii r.utuo.
)(i4 IUmk, Juiin Tuonan, Ay/cnf Ulrett, l.tilK—
l>«Ml)(iiur.
Mi)il»l, ill link, of H Itoiimii M'nr-unllay ((jiiailrirama),
illimtnitlvu of Mr. IIowhII'h tlimiry of tlio VolyorotA,
AuuoriliiiK to tliiit theory, the " liiuikit" wuiti ruokoiieil
ill tliu (liroutioii of thu KHlfuy'M luii)(th, lUiil not tVoiii thu
iiiiiiilior of tiunt iM Boiiariklly «ii|iiHMtMl. Uii thu ooiiiiiiim
thiHiry, rtolumy l*liilo|intHi''M Ki^'luyi "f foi^y ImiikM of
imn*, miiNt hitvo liuoii iiuurly two hiiiiilrwl fmit in itM
hoixlit from thu wuttir; on tho ubovu tlioory it nuoil not
hikvu oxoouiluil ton fout. The oitnt (4U lu uuiiibor) »r«
|ait in motion by k hi'^idle at the Hide.
1(15 Smith, Hknuv, !20H llothfthitht Strtet, linihevhilht
— Mitniifitotiirur.
A built inoilul nf thu bar.|iiu " KiOiiiK Orovo," on a
ni'iilu of oiiu-thinl of an inch tu a foot, uiiu hIiIu left upon
til iiliow tho ooiiHtriiotion.
Ititt Hui.i., J. & C/'o., r<iiia'A'i/< U'A'ii/— Inventor.
Moilul of n biii'f^o,
•,• fhtin 1(17 to IHO in L'lut Am/ I'liuiauin Oiilltry Smith,
1(17 Wkntxkix, a., A/iim'n/.Vi— Miuiufiuituror.
I.iKht KiKi I'uilt of iimhof^iiuy, iii»|ilo, and iiluwniit, with
ciirvuil Uacli unil murouuo Huat. Itooing buut, built of iiia-
liiiKiuiv ami iiiaiilu.
Model of a ruKiMtcred lifo-lioat, built with tliiiibluhoiiiu
HJiluH, tlio KiiluM and oiiiIh dividud into uoiniiartmuntM, thu \
linUom iiurforiktud mo that thu wiitur IIiuIh itM Itwul iw fuMt
iw thu Mua broakx ovtr it. I
KIH FoBSTKH, John ft Tho m ah, »S'<irii</i(i»/»--Invontoii). I
Himt, built of wood ooiitud on both Nidua with a com-
|iiiuiid of giitta iNJi-uha and India riibbor. HoutiouH of ,
liiiittH nud Hiiiall u^iHUM, of tlio Miuno. Samples of wator-
pniiiling. Acu'iiitivinuutH iiiadu uf tho itaiiio. 8iiuuimoiiH
Hliuwiiig tho ull'uut of Hhot.
KItl Skahlr, Geoikik, ft Sunb, Stuwjate, Lunihtth —
Miuiufactiii'urii.
Miidul of tho Htiitu bargu of thu Lm-d Mayor of Loudon
— Hoiile, 1 inch to a foot. (Main Arawc Wfiit.)
Uoat, called, on thu Thiuiiee, a iniir-oared gig.
Fig. 1.
KIUa Uhown, Jumki'H, 71 LmuhnhiiU Stnut—
Invuntor and Maiiiifautiirur,
IteKiiitenid |Mirtikblu raft for the pruMMrvatioit of life from
■hipwrmtk, Au.
Patent double-aution iiofa be<l, intundud tu prevoiit «u«
NioknuM.
I'alunt flro onuapfi; it forinN a raimnl platform, and may
bu tmud iw a NuaHiild, for ulterior duuoratioiii, &u,
170 IiAPTiioRN, Jamki), r/iM/xii'/, //.in<i— Hailmaker.
Muilul of a brig yauht, 4.'iO toni, with Hpant and mIIm.
171 ItuTiiviiM, MoHnm Wicht, Nw Slirel, KilMnri//!—
Inventor and I'atuiituu,
Modul of a Ntoam-veiMul, with improvuimnita in pni|Md-
ling luid liavlgikt ing. To tho oiiginu iiluift in attiuihod
whuul, working in a water tigl.t uimu, to whiuh water ia
MupplitHi, and from whioh it Im allowud to ui*oa|Ki by a iiipo,
turminatud by a iiox/ilu on tiithur mIiIu tho Hhip, whiuli by
iinivniwil jiiintM uaii bo raixod or dupraiiMiHl to any ang'u,
diroulwl torwanlH, baukwaiilN, or dowiiwanU Mimultn'
noouHly or altoriiatolv, tliuruby giving a gruater or Iom
i<|ioud to thu Hliip oithor •thumi or lutturn, or caiiMing her
to romain Ktationary; o.' by pliuiing oiio no/./lo ahuiui and
tho othur iMtorii tho vommuI ih miuio to go abiiiit or alter
her uotii'Mu, mo that if thu ruddur bo c-urriud away thoNo on
douk can alluut bur iiiotion or M|iuud witlumt altuiing that
of the engine. ____^.^_
172 Hmiii.dhan, Moi.VNKAirx, Mullim, WiKxthntli/t —
Invoiitiir.
I'atunt ruvolving miiMtM, &c. Tho nMMiimud utility of
tho invention uoiiHiMtM in caiiMing thu iniiMtM to ruvolve,
by which manual lubour in tho uvolution uf " tacking "
ia avoidud.
ThuHU iiiiMta ai'u lulnpteil to yachtM, doii|>atuh vohnuIm, and
uoaMt uruixurM ; but moru |iartioularly to cuaiiturH or vuh-
muIh voyugiiig ill intricatu navigatlunii, or in the Arutiu
SoaM.
IlluHtratiotiH of a muthoil of ballaoting vumnoIm, com-
bined with thu i-uvolviiig rig.
A boat made to mIiiiw a iiiothod of conHtnicting a re-
volving iiiiiMt, adaptuil for HUiall biiatM, and for two-imuited
liiggorH, up to W toiiH, by tlio aid of a Hpruiulur for one,
or a iiair of HbroiidH, with lui apmratuM to Hhow that
the plan in alMo lulaptud for Mninll pluaHiiro-boatM.
173 Pknbick, Liuut., U.K., Onliumcc Sunoi/, Hull —
Invi-ntiir and Prupriotor.
Model of tho Mturn of a vcmmoi, witli a now propeller
and iimubini'ry, thu object being to obtain a nioro direct
i-pikction, luMH Hlip, and gruater velocity .of Htroko. Ke-
giHterod April, lHr>t,
Fig. 2.
Pi'iirii;<t'i ni-.v IVofH'lUr for Stenin ve«iii-l».
P'iga. 1 and '1 lopioHont iIiIn jiiopoUei', Meon from tho I HgiiroM alHoindicato tho ppciilinr mechanical arnuigoiuentM,
inside and from outsidu the «torii of the vomoI, Thi>«e | giving tho propellers their propulHive movement.
844
Claim 8.— NAVAL AUCIinECTUHK, MILITARY KNOINKKIUNd,
WiMT K^ki Uaixkhv anu Kuutii-Wkmt iIai.i.kiiy.
rUwiTKn
174
DBMPvrBII, Hrnrv, 1 CiinituH St-fi't, ItilltthurgK
I'lwf, A(.'i'M-Inv«r.ti)r.
Dnwiiii; of n i<ini|>l« ttileKraph. liuinff • nyiitoin of non
nigtiitU, whlk'li, tiy iiKMUM tif ODliiiini, iiiiliuAtu the luttunt
of the al|iluibt)t, niiiiilitiiii, iukI tlio |H)ii)tii uf luc "uiii|kiiM,
Miut with iiiimIuI ting i>f the true nltu.
170 PiijiiNOT<)N, John, <7uu/<', /,<•<■</» — Inventor.
A wrouKht-iri>n keulKou, for wimhI built iihi|ii). ItM oh-
Juot U to give u Kruntur iluxrue of atreiiKth uiul diiiHbility,
without any iwlaitloniil ilunil-WHight, lui'l to oliviutu thu
Kreat difficulty in obtiklniug iiuit«ble luiigtlM iiuil itixu* of
oak timber. Thin keeliion, being tubular luxl (Mirfoutly
water-tight, luwiiitH iu iMiHaxtiiig veMMelM whun cluiir of
uiirgi't by opoi'ing a vnlve to ad.uit water; it ii« afterwiu'iU
let ufT into the bottom of the iihip.. anil puuiiiod out in
the ordinary way. The keelnon may bo uxed hm a water-
tank.
[By lowering the centra of gravity of a Hhip itM Mtability
ii iiiureaHml : the be^t ixwition for the balliuit, therefore,
in the lowoiit, via., the keeliou. — 8. C]
177 CoBTK, — , Inventor,
Model of a r oket apparatus.
178 NoiiLTOs ft Wvi.D, Fiire .'''trirt, LmiMh —
Manufacturer!).
Loudon out.iggor oculling boat, for racing; the body
of this boat in iu one plauk, from lieiid to Hteni, and Hide
to Hide, without a join or reel, and ' ' ia the tirgt boat ao
built;" by this monna u more beikuttful mould uuu be
obtained, and leea reHiatanco Ih oflVrud to the water.
Model of an eight-oiu-ud Hliullop, with awningx; with
VI improved mould of tloor and bow.
170
BiFFEN, William, ffnmmcramith — Inventor
luid Builder,
A rigged portable boat, the length of which may lie re-
duced from 30 feet to 10. In oaao of accident to any
compartment thia boat will still float with her rower.
180 Hubbard, Charles, DickMiinjH, n0>i/- Scute, S'orfulk
— Inventor.
Outta percha portable boat, for croHHing dutiicliod in-
land waters ; it corriea two pontouM, and weighs only
ao lbs.
Miniature working model of a portable nuichino fur
climbing precipices; illiistrutud by a model of the crags
on the Urknuy coast.
Case of ornithological Bi>eciuieua.
•»• Fi-om 181 to 197 mth Class 5, OrowiJ Flour NoHh.
181 BnooKER, Jamrs, .Vnri/jKirt — Designer,
Figurehead: Ceres picking up the veil of her daughter
Proserpine.
182 Qladstonb, John, jun., k Co., Liverpool —
Manufacturers.
Model of ahip's windlass purchasn, for raising anchors,
chain-cables, and other heavy weights on board ships.
Sufficient to ride the ship without the possibility of having
the windlass upset. With this machine less than half the
usual number of hands are required to weigh the anchor,
&o.
[The ordinary ship's windlass is a spindle-shaped beam,
polygonal in transverse section, acting horizontally at
right angles to a line bisecting the ship from stem to
stem, and working in and bearing upon stanchions, called
"knight-heads," strongly fixed to the ship's deck and
deck timbers, immediately abaft the foremast. The use
of the windlass is to raise or weigh the anchor by muaus
of the cable, which is made to tidce a turn round the
windlass beam, whose spindle shitiH! enables it to lu-ciicnt
itself at right angle* to a line drawn from either him phi.
hole, under which thu luichor may lie, for the ship in Imvu
nhort u|)on her anchor by muaiiN of the niore i|iiit'kly
ntoving but less |K)werful capstan, Itefore the windliwM in
called into action. The " purvliiute" of a windliuM Is t||„
|>ower applicable to work It, or rattier the mwuia pnividtMl,
lis thu handspike levers In ordiiuiry use, of applying tliu
power of the men to turn the butiiii, and wiml or lioint
up the aiiuhur by its cable. Nothing ei« exceed thu
simplicity or thu strength of the ordinary ship's wlui|.
liMS, having regard to the slase and strength of the wlii|i
iierself; but there is riHMu for improvenieiit in the |Hi\vtir
lUid in the nywoA of a windlass, and the means of duing
the same work with fewer hands would be u givat lulviui-
tiige. - W. H.J
184 PKHdUsoM, C. A. ft T., .W...I llo'iiH-, Mill \\'„U,
I'li/ilar — Inventors and MHiiufactuivrs.
Model rupruseuting a nuist lit) feet long iwil It.'t inches
diameter: tlie |)rinci|>al objects of which t\to, econoiny
in the Hrst cost of materials, and the practicability nf
buililiiig large miutts with small thnber.
An improved tlil for ships' or steum-vcssels' topiiiiwts
iind topgiillantniiists, also for cutters' bowsprits, to fiieili-
tato striliiiig the sumo, without any necessity to uosu ulf
lanyards, or heaving on the heel rope.
Also a model of the Hd, showing its action.
Two models of sections of deck, stanchions, ft«., of u
ship of war, with improve<l gun, for increasing the angUi
of horizontal pointing, and fur projecting oiitl>oanl ut
Isjws, sterns, and ((uiu-ters, where the rake is so gruiit;
fitted with iinglu-muter, which will show the true iiositiim
of the gun. ((inn invented by H. U. Ciisclli.)
liogiMtored giiuciu-riiiges and appurteniuites, showing
the iU'tiun of thu improvements fur working them.
Blocks, with sheaves and pins for them, showing tliu
different improvements iutiuducud.
The old principle, wood slieavu and pin. The ii'uii-
coaked sheave and iron pin. Tliu bniss-coakud shuuvu
and turned iron pin. The anti-friction guii-nietal rollci'
coakud sheave and turned iron pin ; and the highly t'luu-
pressed luutliur-coaked sheave, und turned iron piu.
185 Ansell, Charles, yi>/^'n/lll»l— Designer.
HuiUng gun punt on a lu'w jilan, with water tight bulk
heads, und the inibit ho [iliictnl im to allow tliu gun t»
be tiled when unilur sail. Taoklu for the siuae, ciipaliii'
of being stowed witiiiii boaid. Adapted for wild-fowl
shooting oil thu coast.
Stiuicliion gun, with stub twist barrel, and im;
ring, composed of discs of vulcai
ease the recoil, itangu, l.'iU yards,
impi'ovt'il
spring, composed of discs of viilciinizod indiu lulilni'. In
180 Weld, Josei'U, Lulniirtli Cinllr, Warehim —
Designer.
Model of a t2-gun brig-of-wnr, built on Hcientilic prin-
ciples, calculated to insure fast sailing.
187 Anderson, J., North Shields— ln\entov.
Model of a life-boat.
188 Jeffery, Walsh, & Co., Mnrme Glue Works,
Limehottse — Inventors.
Siiccimens of patent elastic, adhesive, and insoliiblu
marine gluu, showing its utility in naval architecture,
and its durability and cleanliness.
Piece uf the mast of the "CuKw;oa," found inseparable,
even by the wedge, on return from South America.
Piece of most tested by the hydraulic pi-ess— 22 tons
required to remove one sjiliiiter — joints remiiining perfect,
giving im lulditional strength dispersed over the internal
surf;kccs of a flrst-iiite's main of ;(,a04 tons.
•Section of the same, showing fracture.
KtNlttNtM,]
OlINH, WKAl'ONH, *o.
Wwt lnv Oam.rry and Houtii-Wkht Oai.i.rrv
MV
Jill ti)iiKii(«l iiiiil JoinutI with nUw,
llliivk »t villi Jiiinwl with kI<>" kikI dxiiUkIuiI with
IHiwitur; th« Joint rviiinlniiiK oiitiix.
I'itxia nf kIiiihI (louk; the iiitorior of the vvmoI (!••
uti'iiyi'il hy dm.
Oikk uiuiiion Ixill Joiiiml nnd fli-eil with H ox. powiltir nt
Wiiolwiuh, ill IH4'J, nt nil iuikIu of 4.'i thiKi'**"*! "^ ^I>h
ivcjiivMl of th« Into Hir I. M. Uriiiittl, to try thu offuut of
iwiiii iiiMioii on thu Joint whun rubuumUu^ un thu uurth in
ItN full; thu Joint ivnininliiK untii-u.
Iitiikl hloitk; iH|uani foot of Miirfnoe ^himl; wnnil limkH
nt 4 toim, thtm K'vinKi nt :i toiiN |Hir foot, iipwnnU of
'.'.'i.itiHi toiM nihlitioiittl itrungth lUniwritud ovur tnu hull of
n Hi'Mt-i'ntu.
Moilul iiuwt oxphxlwl with |)ow<ler, rondiiiK the tinihur
lint not thu joinU; thu ghiu couttuing thu ii|illutuni; with
HMtioii of tlui muiiu.
Miitlol iiiiiMt, iiiiule of iKirthurn Huiwoiied timber; dur-
nlilii Hiid Htroiig; with nuotion of the iininu,
CJrunlnr tinihor, ouuverlud from the Mtmight by inuniiH
of the glue.
Mahoxniiy duuk, imyed with mAriiie kIiio.
Two NuiiniN pnyed with nhxe, and two with pitch, ex-
piiHud to thu Hiuiie tuni|iumtur«; niiowiiig thu efleot uf the
Miiii on toimiduK of veMoelH under the line.
In the ociiiHtruotiou of iiitule-inaatt), the mnri i (fhw
niliiiitN of Minnll aeiMoiied Dnutvio, or iiorthurn iinitier,
lioiiig iiHud iimtund of yellow pine. Upwards of 'iOOI. in
Nuid to be Hnvud in <ine niiMt, in its finit oonntniction, and
iipwiu^lH of 'J.'iidlHl tonii ndditioniil Htrength diHiiemed over
tliu hull, nnd tl,;)H4 toiu ovur the internnl aurfitoeH of the
iiiiuttH of II flmt-rute Hhip, Thin cnlculntion is under the
nutunl Htit)ii|{th, lieing cnlculnted at three tonii |ier iquare
foot iiiNtuml of four — the tinilier's breaking Htrain.
A (!ominiMion recently appointed by thu Admiralty, to
onlluut uviduucu and reiMirt their opinion on the value of
tliu marine glue, for the use of the invuntion in Hur
MnJUHty'n Navy, collected evide'.ice to this effect, viz. : —
That out of thu t:i(> vuhhoIm which have been glued in the
H<iyal Navy, one caulking and paying with gluu has been
found utpial to three timeH witti pitch; benides other
vnhmblu evidence m to its olutuiliness, security, nnd com-
fort to ci-owg.
At an oxaiaination, some months since, in Sheemess
yanl, of the masts and bowsprits of five line-of-battle
Nliiiw, all iiiailu Hinoe 1841-'i, of yellow pine timber with-
out marine glue, 10 out of 20 were found rotten and
cundumned, although thu masts of three of the ships hod
iiuvfr been in comiuiMsion; while all the masts and yards
Hindu with mninne glue, in 1842-3, have been found, on
thuir return from foreign service, inseparable even by
thu wedge, as testified in uflicial reports.
The iitpid rotting of yellow pine masts made on the
old method is well known ; and it was as a remedy for this
that the oommitteu of mastur shipwrights attached the
highoHt importance to the marine glue; '"itinif — "that
should it be found to retain its great adhpnivs ;■ 'oe, after
yeiuu of trial in a tropical climate, mast» •;. lUe future
might lie made of small seasoned timber, and a great
saving effected throughout the navy."
[Decks, or rather the joints between liie planks which
furui the flours or decks of ships, are u ually caulked with
oakum; the joints being merely no; row spaces which the
caulking fills up. The joii.ca :ire made open, that the
pliuiks, being of wood, may have room to swell when
wetted, nnd the caulking ought to be so elastic as to yield
to compression, r.iid return again upon the shrinking of
the plonks in dry weather, and capable at the same time
of resisting water. These requisites, oakum, with the
Admixture of a little tar, is found to possess in a great
degree, and, aided by a paying of pitch on the surface of
the seam, answers very well for the caulking of lower
decks. Pitch is useless for this purpose on upper decks.
Any substance possessing the qualities above alluded to
us requisites, being impervious to the weather, not liable
to be destroyed by moisture, as ordinary animal glue is,
and yet capable of living iiMitt lUid of acting adhuaivuly, an
buing diimlilu and i'lu.uily, must liu of vnliiu.
"MiuluninstN" aru imuitii not in oiiu tmu, log, or spnr,
as to its tnuisvenifl seution, but iiiatia up or built uf
lovuiiil piuues flttud together and hoo|M!d, as a cniik is. It
is ditOuult in prnotiou to fit and bring together thu pai-ts
of a inade-iiiaat so closely na not to re<piiru some iMuiking
ill the Joints, to aid the ho<iiMi in preventing iiiovuiiiunt
among tlium, luid to keep out water from the body of the
moat. Thu glue refarreit to is intun<le<l to supply tha
IMUiking, to cause adhesion of thu |wrta of a inado-iiiaMt,
and to exclude the water. — W. H.]
18i) O'CoNNER, Huuu, /'i'/n«r<(jJI— Inventor.
Model of a rotatory boat pump.
1 00 ANDERaoN, KoDKHT, Weiitoe, Smith Shield)—
Inventor.
Rmall pattern life-boat, clinker-built, fitted with air-
tight ceiling, feathered and groove<l up to hur giinwiiles,
forming an al: -tight inner skin. This boat has n well or
tank in her centre bottom, holding 44 galloiM of water,
with which it is bnlliisted when in thu wntcr with the
crew on bonrd; — nnd when the well is full, the valves
shut do'.n tight by their <iwn weight. Thu boat is also
provided with air-tight comjiartmentM in her bottom sur-
:'oundi"'{ the well, to the sides and ends, i-ising at each
end wivli nearly the sami< <<lioer as the gunwulu and in
oth;' parts. T!' boat .. intended to aimwur fither
for beach servicf .ir for a piissenger ship or steamer; for
the latter piirpo ' is fitted with two small Holf-workiiig
lug-sails, an<' <' ji'> and a rudder to use whun under xail.
Thu well, in '»i.i service, cnti be filled with fresh water,
ar. '. 'he air-cosus with brer ind provisions.
I h\ boat has been su >■ jty tested in heavy broken
M iter 1'^ the hard sand, and could neither bu swamped
n.>k< upset.
191 Trail, Archidald, 8 Ujiim- Kuat "MiiMJielJ
— Inventor and Patentee.
Patant storm sails: the novelty consists in the appli-
cation of narrow corded bands of onu inch in breadth,
with cords wove therein, being sewn in reversed angular
(r.'eotions, on the fore and after part of the sail, the endi<
ol which are spliced into the bolt rope. By this means
the destructive effects of ihe wind are confined within the
limit of the diamond (bein^T about 40 inches), and the sail
wears much longer, by equ.^izing the strain over all its
ports.
192 Addison & Gilbert, Emmett Street, Poplar —
Inventors.
Two models, one of a patent main-topsail, and the
other of a patent jib, showing the graduated variation in
the width of the seams used in making sails; intended
to give greater strength and durability to the soils, with
less canvas.
193 Robinson & Rdbseli,— Builden.
Model of a Prussian war steamer.
194 Carpenter, E. J., Capt., Senior United Service
■Club- — Inventor and Patentee.
Duplex rudder and screw propeller.— The engraving
represents a stem view of a vessel with two rudders and
two screw propellers, fitted in new positions for improved
steering and propelling. From the midship section of
the vessel to the stem, no alteration is introduced into
the form of the hull ; but obaft this point they commence.
Firs^, the keel, with the dead wood, stem-post, and
rudder, are removed, and the flooring above receives a
suitable form for strength. Two additional keels lie in a
line parallel with the former keel, but placed at a dis-
tance of two or more feet, according to the size of the
vessel, on either side of it, terminating at the midship
section in the fore-part, and in a line with the farmer
350
Class 8.— NAVAL AnCHITRCTURE, MILITARY ENGINEERING, [Unitki.
West End Gallery akd South-West Gallery.
stern-post in the after-part. Framework is carried down
to these keels, leaving a free chiinnel for the water to run
between theiu in the direction of the midship keel. A
stern-post is placed at the end of the additional keels,
And upon each of them hangs a rudder.
Carponter'u Duplex Kudiler anil Screw-propeller.
A screw-propeller works in an orifice in each frame-
work, on the common arrangement. One of the propel-
lers is a little more aft than the other, to allow full play
to both, and yet economise space in the mid channel.
The appearance of the vessel in the water is not altered
in the aide view, neither is it much changed in the stei-n
view.
The consequence of this new arrangement is, that the
rudders and propellers are acting with double effect in
each case. The rudders are receiving an increased power,
because the impact of the water upon them takes place at
an angle which is constrained by the situation of the
keels, and which is the most favourable that can be had.
The two propellers, also, revolving as they do in water
confined in a limited space, are working to considerable
advantage. The effect actually produced is, that, when
required, a vessel can be turned about in nearly half the
space that a single rudder can turn it, and the two pro-
pellers will give a proportionate increase of speed.
The advantages gained by the new construction of
the vessel are considerable. There will be more strength,
more bearings in the nm, and mora breadth for cabin
room. The rolling and pitching will be reduced very
considerably. The vessel will not make lee-way as
formerly; the vibration, or tremulous motion, will be
lessened. The safety of the vessel will be very much
increased, because the duplex nulder will have the
effect of instantaneously changing the direction should
she be running into some unexpected danger; also, if one
rudder should be damaged, the other can be used to steer
with. The propellers also can be used separately when
required. For river navigation, the advantages obtained
by the two rudders and two projiellei-s will jointly enable
the screw principle to be applied to steam-boats plying in
shallow water, such as the Thames above London Bridge,
or to vessels having small draught of water. For Trans-
atlantic ships the use of the two rudders and two propel-
lers will jointly ensiu« their making a passage in less
time and at less expense than before, also with more cer-
tainty and safety than can possibly be done by a single
screw or paddle-wheels.
The duplex rudder is applicable to paddle-wheel as
well as screw steam-boats.
195 Laurie, R. W., 8 Carlton Place, Lnurieston,
Otnsiiow— Inventor and Patentee.
Various articles for the preservation of life and pro-
perty at sea. Buoyant mattresses, mattresses forming
boats, cushions, pillows, bolsters, a;id portmanteaus, con-
■tructed to support from .-^no to ten peraons in water.
Life-floats and belts, self-inflating, without valves.
Model of a life-boat, fitted with self-acting valves, and
traversing shot-ballast. Should the boat, by accident,
be upset, it will instantly right itself on either side, and
empties itself of water m one minute. Constructeid by
Messrs. Forrester & Co., boat-builders, Limehouse.
Model of an apjmratus called the "Otter," for
manoeuvring vessels at sea.
The two latter inventions are patented by the ex-
hibitor.
197
Taylor, Ii'rancis, 6 Lnm-ie Street, Leith —
Inventor and Maker.
Marine chair, that will support three persons in tlie
water in case of accidents a*, sea ; it is propelled by two
short oars.
Deck seat, capable of supporting two pei-sons in tlie
water.
A portable chair or camp stool, on which two or thr
persons, each of them having an air-pillow attached to tlie
breast, can propel themselves while in the water.
Model of a seat intended for steam-vessels, to a scale
of three inches to a foot ; a seat of this construction,
eight feet long, will support upwards of twenty persons
in the water, seven being placed in the middle compart-
ment and the others holding on by the sides and ends.
The following models are made to a scale of one inch
to a foot; —
Models of life-boats, which, if upset, will right them-
selves again, on carriages for conveyance, and for launch-
ing when brought to the sea.
Model of a substitvite for a life-boat, seated for sixteen
persons, which may be constructed by four or ftve men
in a few hours, if materials be at hand, viz., two logs of
light wood, or the yard of a ship cut across the middle,
or a few planks of fir, and also timber for scats, Ac, two
large casks to be fastened at the extreme ends on the
upper side. This, if upset, will right itself again; if
thick boards can be got, long prismatic boxes may be
made for the sides, which are much lighter than the solid
sides.
Model of a life-boat, for eleven persons, the framed port
considered to be a ship's fender of great length, and
carried always with the ship, the tins on the extreme
ends representing two water casks emptied and bunged up.
Model of a ship's fender; while used os such, having
the gunwale-pieces and foot-board placed temporary on
the outside of the frame.
Model of a substitute for a life-boat, supposed to be
made of two halves of the yard of a large ship, and with
other pieces of light wood, as fir.
Model of a ship's seat, to carry two persous, and having
the oars fixed reiuly for using.
199
Navlor, Isaac, Monk Bretton, near Barnsley —
Inve jtor.
Patent alarm-gtm for the protection of property and
game. The number of barrels In the gun may be varied
from four to twenty. It will explode at intervals of half
a minute, in all kinds of weather.
200 Wilkinson & Son, 27 Pall ^nK— Manufacturers.
1. A large stanchion, or punt gim, with gun-metal
stock and spiral recoil sprinj^, for wild-fowl shooting, on
improved principles, with loading rods and apparatus, and
a moveable butt to admit of greater elevation in the boat.
2. A pair of best double-barrel fowling pieces, made
to reverse (i. e. either pair of barrels to fit either stocks)
with case and apparatus complete.
3. A patent rifle with the lock on the under side; the
whole mechanism of lock, guard, trigger, and trigger-plate,
consisting of only four pieces. Invented and manufac-
tured by the exhibitor.
4. A series of illustrations, showing the different stages
of tho manufacture of gun-barrels ; —
(a.) Horse-shoo nails, or stubs.
(B.) Old coach-springs, cut up by means of shears.
(c.) Scrap stub-iron.
KlSliDOM.]
GUNS, WEAPONS, &c.
West End Gallery and Soutij-Wert Gam.ehy.
Ul
pei-sons in tlie
118, aud having
(d.) a gun-barrel in its various stages, made of a
mixture of stubs aud steel (a. and b.), first twisted into
a spiral, then partially welded by jumping, then com-
pletely welded, and the figure of the iron brought out by
acids.
(e.) a bar of iron made from scrap (c), for Damascus
twist.
(f.) a bar of steel, made from scrap (d.), for Damascus
twist.
(o.) Twenty-one bars of iron and steel (e. and e.),
paclced alternately for welding
(h.) Twenty-one bars (o.) welded together.
(i.) A square rod made by drawing out the mass (h.)
between rollers.
(g . ) The square rod (i . ) twisted round its own axis, and
then flattened, showing the figure produced.
(k.) Specimen to show the manner in which the figure
called Damascus twist is produced; two bars or rods (i.),
are first twisted round their axis the whole length, the one
to the right and the other to the left, then flattened and
welded together, then twisted spirally to form the barrel
as in (».), partially welded by jumping, and the welding
completed, filed at the end, and the figure produced.
(l.) a similar specimen, finer; composed of two bars
of 48 alternations of iron and steel.
(m.) a similar specimen, composed of three smaller
bars of 21 alternations.
(n.) a similar specimen, called " chain twist."
(o.) A similar specimen, called "steel Damascus."
(p.) A finished barrel, composed of seven different
kinds of twist.
5. Presentation cimeter, of arabesque pattern, standard
silver richly chased and gilt, ornamented vrith 104
precious stones, consisting of emeralds, rubies, turquoises,
jacynths, topazes, amethysts, chrysolites, carbuncles,
garnets, moonstones, &c. The blade made of temper
equal to those of Damascus or Toledo, combines emboss-
ing with engraving on tempered steel, bluing and Riding,
80 as to form two elevations of ornamental pattern above
the dead gold groundwork. Also, a gold sword-knot.
The whole in mahogany case, lined with crimson velvet,
purple aud gold cord waist-belt, of oriental patterns
with chased clasp, ornamented with precious stones,
emeralds, jacynths, and large amethysts. (See figure.)
6. A series of all the regulation swords in use in the
British army and navy, as originally submitted to the
Commander-in-Chief and to the Lords Commissioners of
the Admiralty, by the exhibitor, and approved and
adopted by general orders ; —
{n.) Regulation Infantry sword, as by general order
dated March 10, 1845, (6.) Regulation sword for Royal
Eugiueers. (c.) Light Cavalry and Royal Artillery
sword. (d.) Heavy Cavalry sword. (e.) 1st Life
Guards' sword, (/.) 2nd Life Guards' sword. (.7.) Royal
Horse Ouards' (Blues) sword. (A.) Regulation Highland
claymore, (t.) Gieneral officers' cimeter. (A.) Admiral's
dress cimeter. {I.) Regulation sword for Royal Navy,
as per Admiralty order, dated November 2.S, 1847.
7. A sword worn by some of the Irregular Cavalry in
India; the hilt of steel, electro-plated with silver; the
scabbard of German silver.
S. A coat of chain mail, of tempered steel, electro-plated
with silver; also a pair of gauntlets, bridle, &c., of the
same material, as worn by some of the Irregular Cavalry
in India,
9. Two helmets, covered with electro-plated steel chain
mail, in gold and silver, to be used without a plume.
10. A Highland claymoi-e, copied from an old one by
Andrea Perrara.
1 1 . Regulation and other sword belts.
12. A Highland dirk, as designed and manufactured by
the exhibitor, for Her Majesty's 74th Highlanders.
1 .t. A series of illustrations, showing the different stages
of the manufacture of sword-blades : —
(«.) Swedish bar iron, (ft.) Blistered steel, (c.) Ingot
of cast-steel, (rf.) Bar, tilted down from ingot (c.)
(c) Double sword mould, tilted dovm from bar (d.)
(/.) One sword mould, or (e) broken in two, (g.) Sword
mould, partly forged and prepared to receive the iron
Wilkinnon's Presentation Cimeter.
S52
Class 8.-
-NAVAL ARCHITECTURE, MILITARY ENGINEERING, [United
Wk8T End Gai.i.bry ank South-Webt Gam.rrV.
tang (A). (A.) Iron tiuig. (i.) Iron tang welded to
blade (</.) (k.) Forging of blade completed. (/.) Blade
hardened, (m.) Blade tempered, (n.) Blade ground,
(o.) Blade polished, (p.) Blade embossed and finished.
(7.) Sword hilta, scabbards, &o., in vaiious stages of
manufacture.
' [The weapon so long celebrated under the name of
Andrea Ferrara, was an excellent description of broad-
sword used chiefly in Scotland. This name is found
engraved on all the Scottish broadswords considered of
peculiar excellence. The name and the works of this
celebrated maker form the sole record of his existence.
His manufactory, and even the period when he flourished,
are buried in oblivion. It has been supposed he was a
Spanish or Italian artificer, brought over by James IV.
or James V., to instruct the Scots in the manufacttu^ of
sword-blades. IVlien genuine, the blades wet« always
marked with a crown.
The material for swords is obtained firom Sheffield, in
the form of a piece of steel sufficient for two swords, and
technically called a " mould." This is first beaten out to
the proper length by the forger; it is then hardened and
tempered by alternate heating and dipping in cold water;
after this the blade is ground by a millstone driven by
steam-power. The blade is subsequently proved by
striking it on the flat side, with all the force of a power-
ful man, against a stone, and in other ways. The sword
is then polished, ornamented, tmd mounted.— W. C. A.]
201 Jennkns 8t Co., 56 Conduit Street — Manufacturers,
Specimens of militarv officers' cap-plates, brenst-plates,
and buttons; and naval, fancy, and livery buttons.
202 Allbn, W. D. & Co., 124 New Boiui Street—
Inventors and Manufacturers.
A new ventilating hat; the ventilation is in the lower
crown. For hot climates it allows a current of air be-
tween the sun and head. For cold climates, it acts as a
ventilator without exposing the head to the weather.
203 WiTTON, Daw, & Co., 57 Threadneedle Street —
Manufacturers.
Double rifle, for India. Two-ounce rifle, for Africa.
Double fowling piece. Duelling pistols.
204 Landon & MoRLAND, 17 Jermyn Street, SI, James's
— Designers and Inventors.
New officers' infantry helmet, manufactured of papier
tnaohtS. This helmet is shown in the adjoining cut.
l.stuloM mill Mi>rUn>l'4 now InAintry llrlinri.
Privates' holiaets.
205 Hawker, Col. Peter, Lonnparish House, near
Whitchwch, Hints — Inventor.
A stanchion gun, with improved waterproof ignition-
forged and stocked on a new piinciple: intended to super-
sede patent breechings.
Model of a two-handed punt, containing double stan-
chion gun, gear, &e., for wild-fowl shooting, and mounted
on the carriage to convey it by land.
Model of a two-handed punt for a single gun.
A new double gun, (1851). The novelty of this gun
is the_ self-oc^usting primers, without cover or spring,
that will not only defy wet weather, but also the saline
atmosphere in sea-coast service — in which he has proved
the failure of all copper-caps and fine powder. This new
gun has conical breechings that will admit, when re-
quired— as in wet weather, or at sea — the use of the
largest grain cannon-powder. The proportions of this
gun are the result of forty years' experience. With the
improved ignition — when applied to a single gun, — the
patent breeching is wholly superseded by a saucer-plng,
that gives a direct and instantaneous communication, and
also extra force, by getting rid of the centre-hole— whicli
is as injurious to the shooting of a detonator as it was
advantageous to that of a flint-gun. Agents for double
guns on the new plan, William Moore and Qrey, 78
Kdgware Road. For duck-guns and other single guns,
Alfred Clayton, Lymington, Hants, who has invented
and registered an improved handle for the primers of
this ignition.
206 Brazier, J. & R., Wolverhampton — Manufacturers.
Specimens of gun manufacture.
Double gun-tube locks, with self-acting tube spring,
double gun-bar actions.
[The manufacture of guns supplies a recent illustration
of the division of labour, and to this, no doubt, is attri-
butable the present reduction of price in those articles.
The sphere of usefulness in which the forger moves is
a limited one, and consists in hammering into shnpe,
assisted by ' swages," the numerous small pieces which
moke up the lock and breech ; even this has been replaced
by the introduction of butt plates and guards, cast out of
malleable iron, which are, in many instances, ground,
instead of being filed. — W. C. A.]
Double rifle-locks, bolt and detant ; the same articles
in forged state. Musket percussion-locks. Gun clean-
ing-rod ; loading-rod, and nipple-keys and knife-keys, ail
with apparatus. Patch-cutters, &c.
207 P0TT8, Thomas Henrt, N<i;/don Sipiare, Mimries—
Inventor and Manufacturer.
1. A double-barrel gun (finished), Mrith improved
breeches, bolted triggers, &c.
2. Similar gun, in a bright (unfiniKhed) state.
;i. An instrument for drawing tlic bi-eeches, ajiplicable
to all sorts of fire-arms.
208 Cox, N. F., Great Peter Street, Wcslminslcr-
Manufacturer.
Fencing implements.
209 Moore & Grey, 78 Kdjeware Road — Manufacturers.
Double fowling-pieces, on the spring tube and copper
cap principles. . Double and single two-grooved rittu, on
the copper cap principle. Two-grooved rifled pistols.
210 Powell, Robert, 28 Poland Street, Oxford Street—
Designer.
Design for a military cloak coat, with sleeves and spring
guards, for protecting the epaulettes.
211 FlRMlN & ?ON8, 15.1 Strand, and\^ Conduit Street,
Jloiul Street — Manufacturers.
Specimens of buttons worn by niilitaiy officers; of
livery buttons; and of different club and uniform buttons;
Kingdom.]
GUNS, WEAPONS, &c.
West End Gallery and South- West Gallery.
353
on — Manufactui'eni.
acting tube spring.
Wcstminslvr —
^ Cimiluit Street,
gome finished in enamel, and gilt in different ways.
Fancy buttons, finished in various styles.
The Star of the Order of the Garter, the Thistle, and of
St. Patrick, all finished in enamel and bright cut silver.
Plates for shovilder-belts of officers of infantry, new in
design, finished in enamel, and chased; and for shakos
of officers of infantry.
Swords for officers in the army and navy. Fancy
swords for full court dress. Highland dirk.
212
Hawkes & Co., 14 Piccadilly — Inventors
and Manufacturers,
cipecimens of military and other head dresses, and of
English military accoutrements and appointments.
Embroidered banner, designed in the style of ancient
banners.
213 Berinoton, James, ffoxfon— Inventor.
Three full-length figures, representing British soldiers
in uniform, showing the inventor's improved knapsack,
belt, and pouch; and those at present in use.
214
Robinson, A., 41 \V7iitcomb Street, Haymarket —
Manufacturer.
Best Damascus gun barrels.
215
OiDBS, Qeorog, Clare Street, Bristol — Inventor
and Manufactiu-er.
Improved registered double-barrelled gun, in which
missing fire is prevented in wet or damp weather, by the
introduction of an iron cover to shut over the cap and
nipple; the cover is raised by the action of the^ammer
falling upon the percussion cap, which it fires in the usual
way, and is moveable, so that the gun may be used with
or wi' hout it. _^
216 Beattie, J., 20r) Regent Street — Manufacturer.
Two-groove rifle, double guns, duelling pistols, small
double holsters, set of best double gun furniture, hog-
skin flasks, shot pouches, loading rod, with swivel.
217
Mantox, J., & Son, 6 Dover Street, Piccadilly
— Manufacturers.
Pair of double guns; double rifle; and pair of duelling
pistols ; all in mahogany cases, and furnished with ap-
paratus.
218 Needham, W. & J., 26 Piccadilly— For
S. Needham, Proprietor.
Patent self-priming gun; in which a lever places the
ordinary copper cap on the nipple by the simple action of
cocking, tlie muzzle of the gun being previously lowered
to allow a cap to pass from the groove or reservoir (wliich
is formed on each side of the stock from the butt end to
the lock, and contains 120 caps) to a recess in the lever.
Patent self -priming gun, with this difierence, that the
caps are so formed as to allow a closer communication to
the charge; and with the addition of an improved safety-
npparatus.
Self-priming musket, to use the military flange cap ;
the construction similar to the preceding, with the excep-
tion of the groove or reservoir being down the fore end
of the stock, as more suitable for muskets.
Safety stop-lock gun. This invention consists in the
introduction of an extra soar to the lock, which acts in
unison with the hand-spring of the guard ; as soon as tlie
hammer is lifted off the nipple it is caught by the stop
or sear in the tumbler of the lock, and the cap cannot be
exploded unless the gun is up to tho shoulder in the
position of firing.
Qame registers, double and single guns to load at the
breech; intended to combine safety and economy, by
improvements in the construction.
Self-loading carbine on the same principle, with tho
addition of a simple apparatus for solf-looduig, not liable
to get out of order.
210 Boss, Thomas, 73 St. Jameifs Street, Pall Mall
— Manufacturer.
Central fire double-gun; sight shields in centre of
the breast of hammers. Other single and double guns.
Double gun in an unfinished state. Specimen of the
manufacture of a gun-barrel previous to its being welded
together. Barrels welded in a black forged state; barrels
filed, put together, and "proved." Locks in black
forged state, and in bright filed state. Qun furniture
in black forged state, and in bright filed state in various
forms. Various articles useful in the equipment of fire-
220 Bbckwith, HENkk', 58 Skinner Street, Snow Hill —
Manufacturer.
Fowling-pieces, blunderbusses, and other fire-arms.
221 Bentlet, Joseph, & Son, 12 South Castle Street,
Liverpool — Inventors and Manufacturers.
Patent central double-fire percussion guns .
222 Tbulock, E., & Son, 9 Dawson Street, Dublin —
Manufacturers.
Double -bar gun, with Damascus and plaited twist
baiTels. Centripetal double gun, back action. Double
gun, with safety guard, and long strap. Double rifle, with
shot barrels to fit stock, and with single hair-trigger.
Back-action single and double guns, with cases. Double
bar gun.
Back-action single rifle, two grooves. Single rifles.
Air gun. Bar-lock double guns, with double-rifle barrels,
the barrels and locks to same fit.
Rifle for rook shooting, with barrel drilled from the
solid cast-steel bar, and small bore.
Double pistols, with 'bar locks. Double back-action
pistols. Six-shot revolving pistols, with cases, complete.
Pair of double and single pistols. Double pistols, one
trigger.
Gun barrels in the forged state, and ground and bored.
Gun locks, in the filed state. Rifle-barrel, bored and
ground. Pair of rifle barrels. Single barrel rifle, many
grooves. Bullet moulds.
223 Deane, Adams, *6 Deane, 30 King William Street,
London Bridge — Manufacturer.
Patent spiral raised rib rifles. Patent safety stop-lock
guns. Patent gun locks, fowling pieces, Indian and
African rifles, pistols, &c.
223a Deane, Geohge&Johv, 30 King William
Street, London Bridge — Manufacturer.
Double guns, in mahogany case complete, and with
varied style of engraving. Double and single rifles.
Single guns. Specimens of double and single ho' ,ter
pistols. Electro-plated silver revolving pistol, ebony
stock, silver studded. Electro-gilt pistol, with ivory
stock, gold studded. Small pocket secret pistols, ivory
stocks. Officers' double and single belt pistols. Speci-
mens of malleable twisted steel barrels, from the scraps
to the finish; and of the new patent rifling, the new
patent safety, ond the new patent lock. Double gun, in
its stripped state. Double trade guns. Single birding
gun.
224 Parker, Field, & Sons, 233 Holborn —
Manufacturers.
Double-barrelled fowling and rifle guns, in cases, com-
plete. Inlaid and ornamental pistols. Air-gun in case,
complete. New spring belt for carrying shot cartridges.
Percussion musket and bayonet, as employed in the
Hon. East India Company's service. Percussion fusil.
Sapper and Miner's carbine. Cavalry carbine end pistol.
Flint and steel single gun, used by the Hudson's Bay
Company as a trade gun.
Truncheons, rattles, spring handcuffs, leglocks, and
spring-hilted cutlass, used by the metropolitan and city
of London police. Bi-ass pocket staff and pistol used by
the inspectors and superintendents.
Chain, with wrist shackles and lock, used at prisons
for removing prisoners.
[8.]
[Official Illustrated Catalooue.]
2 D
864
Clabs 8.— NAVAL ARCHITECTURE, MILITARY ENGINEERING, [United
West End GAiiLGRY and South- West Gallery.
[The manufncture of manocleB is carried on principally
at Birmingham. A recent account states that 4,000 pairs
are annually manufactured at that town, of which one-half
are for foreign and colonial purposes. Large numbers
are exported to the southern states of America for slaves.
Manacles for felons are Ught, and highly polished.]
225 Elgt, Wm. ft Charles, 38 Broad Street, Oolden
Square — Inventors and Manufacturers.
A series of illustrations in the manufacture of patent
wire cartridges, for shooting game at long distances;
and in the manufacture of percussion caps, rendered
thoroughly impervious to water. Varieties of gun wadding.
226 Lano, Joseph, 7 Haymarket — Manufacturer.
Double gun and rifles of various sizes. Pocket and
other pistols of single and double barrels, the turnover
4-shot and 6-8hot revolvers of all sizes.
Greyhound starters, a retriever slip, and a gun sling.
A patent walking-stick gim, with rifle and shot ban-els.
227 Inskip, H., /fe»-«/orrf— Inventor.
United service flask. The novelty of this flask is,
that the powder and shot are served from the same head,
so that the same measure of each will constitute the load.
Provisionally registered.
Improved egg-boiler,
228 Golding, W., 20 Dmies Street, Berkeley Sq. —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Double gun, for sporting purposes; with several im-
provements.
229 WTooLFiELD, Thomas, Hertford — Inventor and
Manufacturer.
Single gun of simple construction; of use where a
workman la not at hand.
230 Woodward, James, 64 St. Jame^s Street —
Inventor.
Double gun (fowling piece) of a differe it construction
to ordinary guns, possessing detached wa.erproof lock.
231 Yeomans, & Sons, 67 Chamber Street, Ooodinan's
Fields — Manufacturer.
An assortment of muskets.
232 Ego, Henrt, 1 Piccadilly — Manufacturer.
Self-priming percussion fowling-piece, very simple.
Double-barrel copper cap fowling-piece, ornamented,
233 Fairman, James, 68 Jermyn Street — Manufacturer.
Double cross-eyed gun, for gentlemen who have lost
their right eye, to be used from the right shoulder and
left eye.
Double gun in soft state. Single gun. Single rifle,
two grooved.
Improved game markers, used for marking the killed
and missed shots.
Caps, and chemically prepared waddings.
234 Osborne, Charles, 1 Lichjield Street, Birmingham —
Manufacturer.
Improved central-fire double gun, with chain-twist bar-
rels, 14 bore; the same, 13 bore, in a soft or imfinished
state.
Bar-slide double gun, 16 bore, carved pistol hand -stock ;
and single gun, 14 bore, with improved safety lock and
guard.
Tube single g^, hollow top end to end, cut-up sides,
12 bore.
Large single gun, with Col, Hawker's improved igni-
tion, maple stock, 7-8 inch bore, flat top rib, for wild-
fowl shooting; all fitted with fine stub-twist barrels.
Large five-barrel revolving pistol, stock inlaid with sil-
ver, and lion's head carved on butt.
Pair fancy pistols, fluted, barrels, inlaid with silver.
Pair ofllcei's pistols, German silver body, electro-plated,
cap-box inlaid with silver. Pair ladies' small pistols (700
balls to the pound), in tortoiseshell case, complete.
Double-barrelled pistol, with swivel rod, bolted and
bayoneted. Improved ^arm gun, for setting in planta-
tions, lawns, gai^ens, rick-yards, Ac.
235 Goddard, Samuel Aspinal, Birmingham —
Manufacturer.
Fowling gun for sportemen, with barrels of laminated
steel,
American ducking gun.
Fowling gun, of good medium quality for the foreign
trade.
Fowling gun, with twist patent breech barrels, for the
wholesale foreign trade.
Pattern musket, and common African musket.
" California protector" gun, invented by the exhi-
bitor.
Pair of gun barrels in the filed state.
Pair of gun barrels cut open, to show the manner in
which the inside of barrels are finished.
23G Right, Wiluah & John, 24 Suffolk Street, Dublin—
Manufacturers.
Complete Indian or Highland outfit, consisting of n
double rifle, double shot gim, and pair of extra barrels,
forming, when required, twin double guns, with addi-
tional rifle barrels, and the locks, stocks, &o., all a(^usted
to one fit.
Double rifle with extra shot barrels, back-action locks,
and single removable hair trigger, with cases and equip-
menta. Bar-lock double rifle, single trigger, cases and
equipmeata complete, with or without telescope attached.
Double-shot gun, with bar locks attached. JDouble guii,
back-action locks, and double rifle on improved plan,
with cases complete. All constructed with continuous
mountings, lift-out triggers, and solid slide-bolta.
Bivr-lock double gun, without ramrod. Bar-look single
rifle and back-action ; cases complete.
Double-rifle pistol for bison shooting, with single hair
trigger and cases. Small horizontal double pistol and
case; and various other pistols. Improved six-shot re-
volving pistols, with detachable barrels, safety-bolt,
and other improvementa, in case, &c. Cavalry officer's
holster pistols in case.
Bar-lock single rifle, in unfinished state, prepared for
adjusting in the field. Difi'erent parts of a gun in pre-
paratory states.
Specimens of bullet moulds, with improved mould, in
which a solid bullet can be cast. Single gun, back-action
locks, in case.
237 Reilly, Edward M., New Oxford St —
Manufacturer.
An assortment of double guns, rifles, air-canes, pistols,
&c.
Double-barrelled rifle. Ordnance bore, the size of Go-
vernment; compressed ball, and suitable for belted, co-
nical, or plugged bullets. Extra barrels for small shot,
fitting in the same stock ; being, with case and appamtus,
a complete outfit for India, the Colonies, or any service.
Specimens of embossing and chasing, for ornamenting
fowling-pieces and pistols.
Improved air-rifle and air-canes, for shooting with ball,
shot, and hari)oon, in numerous sporta and amusements;
they are portable, durable, and effective.
Practising pistols of new construction, for ball practice,
without noise or report, witbin-doors, in gardens, &c.
238 Davidson, David, Captain, Bombay Army, per C, H,
Davidson, IlaMiiigton — Inventor. Manufac-
tured by J. Robertson, Haddington.
Double and single barrelled rifles; double and single
10-inch rifled pistols; single 6 -inch pistol; all with tele-
scopic sighta. These rifles are furnished with grooved
bulleta.
The telescopic sight can be fixed to the piece in a
KlNflDOM.]
GUNS, WEAPONS, &c.
West Ekd Gallery and South-West Gallery.
J the manner in
; Street, Dublin-
ir-cones, pistoln,
moment; it in no way interferes with the usual sights.
In the use of the common sight the unassisted eye cannot
observe with distinctness, at the same instant of time,
two or more objects at different distance from it; and as
the breech sight, the muzzle sight, and the object aimed
at, are necessarily at different distances from the eye, it is
difficult to bring them at once into line, and at the same
time to give the proper elevation to the piece. This disad-
vantage is obviated Dy the tise of the telescope, since the
lines placed in the focus of the eye-piece, and the object
aimed at, as seen through the glass, appear equally distmct
to the eye.
The giooved bullet sustains the spinning motion, so
that the pointed end goes foremost throughout the longest
flight. The groove in the zone reduces the friction, gives
the rifling a firmer hold so as to prevent stripping, and
secures its longer axis continuing in the axis of the piece.
It is less affected by wind, and has greater power of pene-
tration than the round bullet.
The telescopic sight also enables the sportsman to esti-
mate the distance tf the deer.
238a Watkinb & Hill, 5 Charing Cross— Manufecturer.
Rifle fitted with a telescope for taking the sight, at-
tached to the barrel on a principle suggested by Professor
Potter.
239 Bull, John, Bedford — Manufacturer.
Double-barrelled gun, with the modem improvements.
240 Richards, Westlet, & Son, Birmingham —
Manufacturers.
Best double and single rifles, of various bores.
Double tiger gims, of different bores, in an unfinished
state.
Punt gun, of a new construction.
Best duelling pistols. Double and single hobter pistol.
Pocket pistols, secret triggers. Pair turn-over double-
barrel and bulldog pistols. Revolving six-barrel pistols;
revolving rifle. Copper caps; th^ame, twenty -two years
old. •
Registered improved corkscrews and carving forks, with
improved registered guard.
241 Cooper, J. R., & Co., 24 Legge Street, Birmingham —
Manufacturers.
Patent self-cocking pocket-pistol. When loaded and
capped, it is ready for use, without the preparatory cocking
action, Its working pai-ts are seen on the outside. Holster
pistol. The ramrod serves as the hammer-spring, by which
the cap is fixed. A safety bolt is introduced into the
trigger, which prevents the pistol from being fired unless
the bolt is released by the finger.
Six-barrel revolving pistol, central fir , with safety
bolt.
Twelve-barrel revolving pistol. One side of the stock
is removed to show the working parts of the lock.
Pair of ladies' pistols.
242
the piece in n
Walker, Richard, Orahnm Street and Broad Street,
Birmingham — Manufacturer and Patentee.
Specimen of percussion caps (in boxes), gold and silver.
Metallic gun-wadding.
[Percussion caps are produced by pressure ; the blanks
are cut out of thin rolled copper, and are afterwards
formed by punches into the required shape. The priming
is a work requiring care and attention — they ore charged
by touching the bottom of the cap with an adhesive sub-
stance, into which the fulminating powder is dropped. —
W. C. A.]
243 Townbend, James, U and 12 Sand Street,
Jlinningham — Manufacturer.
Improved lj[-inch diameter walking-stick air-gun, with
silver steel rifle barrel, fancy twist air receiver, pump,
and apparatus complete. Maple-colour walking-stick air-
gun, to load at the breech, with stub twist rifle and shut
barrels, pump, apparatus, &c, Three-qucxter-inch dia'
meter Malacca-colour walking-stick air-gun, with rifle
barrel, one hundred and sixty balls to the pound, pump,
apparatus, &c. Bar side butt air-gun, witn rifle barrel,
pump, &o. Stub twist walking-stick air-gun, to load at
the breech. Air-rifle, gauge twenty-six balls to the
pound, to load at the breech. Improved |-inch diameter
black walking-stick air-gun, with nfle barrel, &c.
244
Reeves, Oreaves, & Co,, 28 Bartholomete Street,
Birmingham — Manufacturers.
Officer's dress sabre and field-sword. Officer's dress
sabre, with scabbard and mounting of the finest cast
wrought-steel ; and field-sword, blade, scabbard, and hilt
of the finest cast steel, wrought; Scotch claymore.
Series illustrative of the manufacture of sword-blades,
of cast-steel.
[While Sheffield is the great source of supply for
the best cutlery, Birmingham is the place where the
great bulk of swords and matchets for home purposes
or for exportation are manufactured. Tlie manufacture
calls into requisition no small proportion of the iuduatry
of the district. Swords are made by hammering out
pieces of steel received from Sheffield, and called sword
moulds. In each of these there is sufficient steel to
form two swords; the flutes or creases on the back of the
blade ore formed by means of various shaped pieces of steel
fastened to the anvil, corresponding to the indentation to
be made ; they are then curved or fitted, if straight, into
a gauge; the process of "hardening" succeeds, which
consists simply in heating the steel very regularly, and
immersing it in water; it is then tempered (brought back
to a straw colour), tested by striking on the back and
edge against a wood block, and if it stands tlds, is passed
to the grinder, who, seated before an enormci'.a g:ind-
stone, speedily removes all the irregularity of the
hammering. To clean the grooves, stones with raised
beads are used; glazing follows on bobs of wood with
emery attached thereto by glue; and the sword is finally
polished on a wheel with fine emery and oil ; powdered
iron-stone, or crocus, gives the brilliant polish. Where
the swoixls are highly ornamental, the deep rich blue is
produced by heat : the gilding of the ornaments on blades,
when introduced, is said to be a secret process. Da-
mascening, however, with precious metals, a more in-
tricate mode of ornamentation, is known, and consists in
making an incision in the article to be adorned, and in-
troducing hy pressure threads of gold or silver. This
affords an opportunity for the exercise of taste, and as
such it was eagerly embraced by the middle-age artists.
Proofs of their excellence therein is testified by numerous
specimors in public and private collections. Etching,
another mode of ornamentation, is performed by covering
the blade to be etched with a ground upon which the
design is sketched, and finally cutting through this to the
steel. A suitable acid is applied (acetic and nitric); this,
after remaining a sufficient time, is removed, the ground
cleansed off, and the design is fovmd on tlie weapon perfect
in proportion to the skUl displayed by the artist. Steel
sheaths are made by bending thin plates of steel round
suitably formed mandrils; they are soldered at the juic-
tures, are ground, and finally polished by the procossos
already described as being used in the polishing of swords,
— W, C. A,]
245 Hart, Henrv, 54 New Canal Street, Birmingham —
Manufacturer.
Pair of highly-finished double-barrel guns. Double-
barrel gun, pistol hand-stock; gamekeeper's gun. Single
gun, pistol hand highly finished, with raised top rib.
8S6
Cr.ABS 6.— NAVAL ARCHITECTURE, MILITARY ENQINEERINO,
West End Gaixkby and South-West Gat,i,kry.
[United
Small pistol-hand doable gun. Small single gun. — All
with stub-twist barrels.
Specimens of gun-barrel manufacturo in every state,
from the old horse-uail stubs of the earliest period to
the latest improvements.
[The serious accidents arising from the bursting of
gun-ban-els have led manufacturers to seek the means of
preventing their recurrence as far as possible ; fibres of iron
strictly piutkllel would fail to impart the necessary strength,
as also would iron if of a uniform crystalline composition.
A better construction of material has been found in the
welding together portions of iron and steel; these become
interlaced in the various processes of hammering from the
bundle of iron and steel called the " bloom," until the
barrel passes finished frnm the hands of the forger. The
twisted appearance which is observed on the best barrels,
even after the rich brown stain is removed, arises from
the ribbun-like form which the "bloom," after being
drawn into a strip, takes when wound spirally round a
mandril previous to welding; these are known as Damascus
barrels. Barrels of a more common kind ai'o produced
from "blooms" made exclusively of stub-nails, while
a more common class still are jH-oduced of a cheaper
material, not wrapped in a spiral form, but welded in the
length by one heat by means of a pair of rollers; they are
ultimately extended to their proper length by the same
process. Quns are bored out in large manufactories by
moana of steam or other power, the instrument being a
rod of steel, with its cutting portion 8 or 10 inches long,
and its square sides made up with pieces of wood. Rifleing,
viz., imparting to the interior of the barrel a series of spiral
curves, by means of which a perfectly direct motion
is given to the buUet, involves care, attention, and skill in
its preliminary stages, but is in reality a simple operation.
Ordinary gun-barrels are finished by being ground on
large grindstones; those of a superior quality are turned.
Breeching, or fitting in the plug at the butt which stops
the end, and upon which is fitted the nozzle for the
percussion cap, requires nicety and careful workmanship.
Oun-barrels are coloured by means of acid; repeated coats
are given until the deep rich brown is obtained; they are
then polished.— W. C. A.]
246
Brookes & Son, 28 HiissellSt., Birmmjiuun. —
Manufacturers.
Fowling-piece, double barrel, silver steel twisted.
Fowling-piece, with single barrel.
Rifle gun, for shooting long distances, with telescope.
Four-bi-n-el revolving gun (used in India).
Walking-stick gun, to pack in a portmanteau.
Military guns — British, French, and Piedmoutese mus-
kets.
South American (Buenos Ayres) and Spanish cai-binea
or cavalry.
African trading guns used in barter, chiefly for palm
oil, &c.
Dane guns, black and red stocks, brass and iron
mounted.
Buccaneer red stocks, heavy and light moimtings.
Carolina gun, similarly furnished. Indian pistols, silver
handles, rifled barrels. Six-barrel revolving pistol. Safety
water-tight nipples.
247 Tipping & Lawden, Birmingham — ^Manufacturers.
Specimens of iron and steel in various stages of pre-
paration, to show the manufacture of gun barrels: —
Horse-noil stubs. Scrap steel. A mixture in o- partially
welded state.
Specimens, showing a tvsdsted stub-barrel in the various
stages of manufacture, from the first process. The stubs
and scrap-steel are first welded into a rod, which is
afterwards rolled out into a flat bar; it is then coiled
round a mandril, and welded into a barrel ; it is after-
wards ground and filed, and finally brought to a finished
state.
Lengths, showing the various stages of manufacture of
Damascus and laminated steel barrels.
Double gun, the barrels made of twisted stubs.
Several guns, of varied construction, and one entirely
in pieces, to show all the parts of a gun separately,
e«]>ecially the internal work of the stock.
Double and single rifle guns.
Single and double guns; varieties both of fowling-
pieces and military guns.
Air-gim; barrel of best twisted stubs, with improved
roller breech, the butt made of twisted stubs.
Air-cane, twisted stubs, with improved roller action,
pump. Sec, complete.
Small walking-stick air-cane, with rifled barrel, of im-
proved construction. Air-cane lock.
Six-barrelled revolving pistols, ivory stock, silver in-
laid; walnut stock, silver inlaid; and chequerad stock.
Various pistols.
248 Mole, Robert, Broad Street, Birmingham —
Manufacturer.
Qilt-mounted sword, blade of finest oast-steel, riclily
blued and gilt, the scabbard of crimson velvet, embroidered
iu gold, with elaborately worked gilt furniture.
Highly-mounted Mamaluke sword, with blade orna-
mented in dead gold, the scabbard of polished steel, with
elegant gilt mountings.
Officers' regulaaon swords, used in the cavalry, infantry,
and naval services.
Two matchets of best cast steel, as exported to America
and the West Indies. Patterns of those used in tlie
plantations of South America, the West Indies, and
Africa.
[In addition to swords, Birmingham produces an article
called a matcbet, which iu some countries is used to cut
down sugar-cane, in otkers as a weapon of war, or to re-
move vegetable obstruAons which impede the traveller
in his progress through "the bush" or the tangled over-
head of an American forest. The labour expended upon
them is small : a great portion of it is performed by the
tilt-hammer; they are hardened and ground, slightly
glazed, and handled with common beech timber. Some
idea of the consumption may be learned from the fact
that one manufacturer has for the last six months been
producing at the rate of 500 dozen per week. — W. C. A.]
249 Powell, William, i. Son, Can's Lane, Birmingham
— Manufacturers.
Double-barrel rifle, with apparatus.
Double-barrel gun complete, and in a certain process
of finish.
Miniature gun.
Single ar.d double barrel pistols.
Improved safety trigger guard. y
Pair of lock actions.
250 WiNTON, Harry, 53 Cleveland Street, Birmingham —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Improved safety guns.
251 Carron, William, £»mi?i<;Aam— -Inventor.
Alarm gun.
251 Baylis & Son, 8 St. Mary's Sow, Birmingham—
Manufacturer.
Qun implements.
252 HosKiNS, John, 31 Frith Street, So/io Square —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Double gtm, with safety; on a new and simple prin-
ciple.
KlNODOM,]
GUNS, WEAPONS, &c.
West End GALiiEBY and South-Webt Gallkry.
3r)7
manufactui-e of
)th of fowling-
d barrel, of iin-
avalry, infantry,
ne, Birmingham
certain process
, Sirmimham —
253 Davis, J., 1 Duie Strett, North Parade, Bath—
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Soldier's musket, subbtltuting the blade of the bayonet
for the ramrod.
254 Shaw, J., Olouop — Inventor and Patentee.
India-rubber air-gun. The novelty consists in the
absence of a reservoir of condensed air, or separate pump,
or valve of any kind; the requisite pressure of air for one
digchikrge is instantly obtained from a pull of the trigger,
by means of a single stroke of a ooudonsing syringe, which
is acted upon by a previoiuly extended India-rubber
spring. This gun is represented in the annexed out.
Flattened bullets, being 8i>ecimeu8 of its effect on an
iron target at 20 yards.
Without any previous pumping, the requisite pressure
of air for one discharge is procured instantly at the pull
of the trigger, by a single stroke of a condensing syringe,
actuated oy a previously extended India-rubber spring.
There is no separate pump, no reservoir of condensed air,
nor valve of any kind.
Plo.l
7F^
rio.iv
Shaw'a India-rubber 4ir-gun.
Fig. I. represents the gun complete. Fig. II. is an un-
derneath view of the gun uustocked, showing a slot (k k)
in the case, through which ore visible the piston-rod and
bend, with a portion of the India-rubber hereinafter de-
scribed, and in the state in which they appear after one
discharge, and prior to preparation for another. Fig. IV.
represents a longitudinal section of about one half of the
breech end of the gun uustocked: A is the tngger; BJ the
piston; cc, the inside of the pump barrel or condensing
syringe; », the piston-rod; e, the pump top perforated in
the centre for the piston-rod to work through, and at the
top edge for the reception of the end of the shot barrel, f;
G is the bullet, held in its present situation by a slight
coutractiou of that end of the shot barrel, i is one end
of the India-rubber spring, attached to the hooked end of
the piston-rod and similarly attached by its other end to
a hook in the inside of the muzzle-end of case; j j are por-
tions of the case, enclosing the shot-biurel and India-rub-
ber, the lower shaded part being one end of the slot (k k.
Fig. IV.) The section, Fig. IV., shows the gun in act of
dischoi-ge; the trigger being just puU.^d, releases the pis-
tun, which, by the reactive power of the India-rubber
spring, rushes to the opposite ond of the syringe, con-
densing the air thei-ein, which air forcibly ejects the bullet.
To prepare the gun for discharge, the ball, if the ban-el
be a rifled one, must first be ramuied down ; an adapted
hook must then be introduced into the slot (k k), between
the bead (h, Fig. IV.) and the hooked end of the piston-
rod, as plainly indicated by Fig. 3. The butt-end of the
gun must then be placed against the top poi-t of the thigh,
and the hook pulled with both hands, in the direction of
the breech, until the trigger, by means of the small spring
at its book, catches the piston. With a smooth or unrifled
ban-el, 400 discharges per hour can be made; the bullet
in that cose requiring no ramming, it being drawn down
the barrel by the partial vacuum caused by drawing down
the piston. The spring consists of from sixteen to eighteen
India-rubber bands.
Patent valve-bugle. The patent valves are applicable
to all brass instruments, and ai-e manufactured by Mr. J.
Kohler, Henrietta Street, Covent Garden,
256 Fletcher, Thomas, 161 Wcstgatc Street, Gloucester
— Inventor and Manufacturer.
Double guns, with improved lock, jointing, and breech-
ing, so a.-* to render them perfectly waterproof.
The improvements consist in the following pecu-
liarities;— Ist. The whole of the percussioning is on the
bi-eeching, the nipple being placed in the centre, thus
avoiding the joints between the breeching and the break-
off. 2nd. Peculiar construction of the break-off, giving
greater facility for placing the barrels in the stock,
l-trd. The closeness of the cocks covering the caps and
nipples, confining the gas from the explosion of the caps.
4tii. The application of platina in the percussioning of the
breeching to prevent corrosion by the copper caps.
25G Fo!l8YTH & Co., Leicester Street, Leicester Square —
Inventors and Mimufivcturers.
Patent safety gun, which cannot be discharged either
in carrying when loaded, or during the time of loading,
until brouglit up to and placed against the shoulder,
and the trigger pulled in tlie firing position. In its use
the chances of the occurrence of on accident, even at
full-cock, are entirely obviated, the cock being checked
in its descent by the projection of the safety -stop.
Forsyth and Company'a Patent Sai'oty Gun.
The preceding cuts represent the apparatus for working
the safety stops ftom the heel-plate of the gun; the
safety stops themselves, and the original pei-cussion lock.
Also, an original percussion gtm, illustrating the first
application of the principle of percussion by the exhibitor
to the purposes of fire-arms. This gun contains a reser-
voir of percussion powder sufScient for a day's shooting.
[Fire-arms have been discharged by three different
methods, by the direct application of a lighted match, by
the ignited particle of steel produced by the flint lock,
and by the ignition of an explosive powder through the
heat developed by percussion. This is the exact his-
torical order of these applications. The flint-lock is
now passing rapidly into disuse, and the principle of per-
cussion, in various forms, but essentially the same, is
obtaining universal application. This principle was first
discovered and applied by Mi\ Forsyth in 1819, and was
then patented. The explosive powder was contained in a
small magazine attached to the locks, and by turning it
on its axis a few grains of the powder were conveyed
beneath a striking pin, and were ignited on the descent of
the hammer. The copper cap has now supplied the
place of these magazines.]
257 Erskine, James, Newton Stewart, Scotland—
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Two guns; — Qun No. 1, newly invented to prevent
accidental discharge, combining in the same action* com-
plete waterproof for the cap. Gun No. 2, invented for
the same purpose, has been improved and registered.
Erxkine't Waterproof Qun.
868
CI.A8S 8.— NAVAL ARCHITECTURE, MILITARY ENaiNEERINO, [Unite*
West End Oau.ery and Houth-West Gallery.
258 HiFPiNaiLLE, E., 81 Kmg Street, Manckeiter, and 87
Altxtni/ Street, Regent's Park. — Inventor.
An improved gun-look, with stook.
259 Harwell, Robert, 12 Upper AMy Street —
Proprietor.
Air-ptatol on a new principle.
200 Nkedham, Henrt, 4 Vine Street, Regent Street —
Inventor, Patentee, and Manufacturer.
Self-priming gun and safety look.
201 Brider, Joshua, 4 Clifton Cottages, Denmark
Street, Cainbeneell — Inventor and Manufacturer.
German silver telescope loading rod for ftre-arms, with
knob and forcer, for general use; adapted for the pocket.
202 Brider, Oeoroe, 30 Bow Street, Covent Garden —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Rifle mallet for hot climates, having a httad of gun
uietal, with leather faces, (purple wood nandle,) and gun -
metal forcer.
203 Baker, Thomas Kersiake, 88 Fleet Street—
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Improved patent gun-lock for preventing accidents frouj
the use of fire-arms.
204 Golden, W., & Son, Ifwidersfeld — Manufacturers.
Bentley's patent double gun, with improved locks, &c.
205 Webster, W., Hnmpstcad Road — Inventor.
Fusee musket.
2G0
Shorman, John, C Oreat Pulteney Street,
Golden Square — Producer.
Specimens of inlaying with gold, silver, and other sub-
stances, and ornamental engraving on the ironwork of
guns, &c. Impressions on paper, taken from engraved
and inlaid work.
207
Mortimer, Thomas Elsworth, 97 George Street,
Edinburgh — Manufacturer.
Superior finished double rifle, with simple safety and
improved conical ball.
Highly finished double fowling-piece (for long shots),
with low front sight to give elevation to the shot.
Pair of silver-mounted inlaid Highland pistols.
Specimens of improved conical and other balls.
Specimen gun-case, Edinburgh make, with fittings
complete.
208 Staines, Edward, 9 S(disbury Place, Nexo Road—
Proprietor.
Models and plans illustrating a system of Fortification.
209 HoDOES, R. E., 44 Southampton Row, Russell Square —
Inventor.
Patent application of India-rubber to projectile pur-
poses.
270
Parsons, William, Swnffham, Norfolk —
Manufacturer.
Pair of improved double guns, 2 feet 8 inch barrels,
10 bore, central fire, elevated false breech, &c.
Loading rod and socket.
Pair of double guns, 13 bore, 2 feet 8 inch barrels.
Pair of double guns, 20 bore, 2 feet 7 inch borrels.
Waiuscoat and leather case for each pair of guns.
271 Hall, Lieut. -Colonel, R. E., Southampton —
Producer.
Model of the Tower of London, after the destruction
of the Armourj at the great fire on the 30th October,
1841. Modelled by R. Davis, under the superintendence
of the exhibitor.
272 Moulin, C, 24 Stanley Street, Chelsea — Dedgner.
Model of a fortified town, defended by six fronts of
fortification on three diiferent systems; Vauban's, as
modified by Cormontaingne ; Coehom's; and Carnot'i.
The works of attack and defence are moveable.
273
Lilltwhitk, John, Dcderiok Street, Portsea —
Manu&oturer.
Metal model of a gun of 05 owt., with ouriage and
slide, on a scale of 1^ inch to the foot.
274 Beartoot, Richard, 1 1 Warwick Street, Wuvlteich
— Manufacturer,
Two magazines, especially adapted for the safe stow-
age of powder, wills, documents, &o. ; they are also
waterproof. The one is made of copper outside and
wood inside, and the other, the reverse ; with India-
rubber joints instead of bees' -wax and tallow, and one
lock instead of two.
275TYLDEN,Capt. John, R, Artillery, HWioicA— Maker.
Models of British ordnance; a light P>-pounder field-
piece and carriage. A 32-pounder garrison gun, with
carriage, on tin. rsing platform. A 10-inch howitzer, on
garrison carriage. A 1 3-inoh sea-service mortar and bed.
27(j .BoussoN, James, 20 Lanyham /'/ace— Inventor,
Moael, on a scale of 1 inch to 40 feet, showing eight
difleront modes, in which the front of fortification of the
usual dimensions may be fortified according to a new
system. Its objects are, an immense reduction in the
cost of construction, and greater capability of defence.
277 Joyce, Frederick, & Co., 57 Upper Thatnes ,
Street — Inventors and Manufacturers,
Improved anti-corrosive waterproof percussion gun-
caps. Military percussion uusketcaps. Improved per-
cussion tube primers. Cbnmically prepared indented
cloth and felt gun-waddings. Improved patent wire-
cartridges.
278 Grainger, James, Wolverhampton — Manufacturer.
Tube and bar-action gun and rifle gun-locks.
280 Gardner, W. T., 22 Mead Row, Lambeth-
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Model of a ship's gun, adapted for loading at the
breech.
281 Kino, Thomas John, 16 Whiskin Street — Designer.
Pistols, inlaid, the iron-work with gold, the stock with
silver. Small iron scent-bottle, inlaid with silver.
282
MuNRO, James, juu., 4 High Street, Lamheth —
Manufacturer.
Model of a nine-pounder brass gun-carriage and limber,
scale 1 inch to a foot; and of a twenty -four pounder
brass battering gun and carriage, scale \ inch to a foot.
283 FiTZ Maurice, The Hon. Wm. Ed., amil(on
Lodge, Princess Gate — Producer.
Model of 68-pounder gun-carriage, which, by means of
a rack and pinion inserted in the platform at the rear of
the gun, can be worked with great accuracy by one man;
it now requires six.
Model of a mf^rtar platform, worked upon the some
principle, the endless screw being substituted for the rack
and pinion.
284 Walker, Sarah, & Co., 12 Legge Street,
Birmingham — Mimufocturei'S.
Specimens illustrative of the manufacture of percussion-
caps for military and sporting purposes : piece of rolled
copper from which blanks are cut and caps made. Simi-
lar piece of copper, showing perfoi-ations out of which
blanks have been cut by steam-power.
Blanks for musket-caps, as used in Her Majesty's ser-
vice and in the Honourable the East India Company's
service.
KlNQDOM.]
ftrett, Wuvl'vich
0UN8, WEAPONS, &o.
West End Gallery and Sooth- West Qallekv.
S')0
Cap-shell*, made from preoeding oapi when flniahed.
Blanki to make oapa for urdiiMry iporting guna; oap-
ghelU made from the same.
Capi when flniahed.
Improved blank to make waterproof oapa for wild-fowl
and duok-ahooting, forming that part of the cap aolid
which oontaina the charge caps Bhella made from the same.
Waterproof oapa fumiahed and lined with metal.
285 RiCHARDBON, R., 21 Tonbridye Place, Nmo Road—
Manufacturer.
Hodela of tenta, marqueea, and rick cloth.
286 Stminoton, Wiujam, 41 Gracechtrch Street
— Inventor and Proprietor.
Oun wada, a aubatitute for the rope wada at preaent
uaed in gunnery.
287 S<joiBE8, Wiluam, Cuttiuje Orove, Mile End
— Inventor and Manufacturer,
New rifle, calculated to project a ball a great distance
with a small charge.
288 HcOetrick, Francis, 82} Philip Street, Kiiujsland
Road — Inventor.
Model of a war-engine. It is stated that this engine
will fire 10,000 charges of ball cartridges in ten minutes.
289 Trdscott, JomUA, 111 Fore Street, Devonport—
Inventor.
Rotatory sprinkler, for watering roads and streets, or
using liquid manure. When the water sinks below the
axle, its action is that of a syphon.
Portable life-boat or raft, applicable to vessels which
curry many passengers. It occupies a small space when
closed ; but when opened, it presents a large surface,
sufficient to support many persons. In the event of a
ship sinking, it could be opened out on the deck and
mode ready for use in a few minutes.
21)0 Rhind, William Oreene, Ross, Herefordshire —
Inventor.
Model of a marine life-preserving deck seat, representing
the deck seat of a steam packet or sailing vessel, so con-
structed that in three mmutes it con be changed into a
safety raft, capable of sustaining eight people on the
water. The back and seat ore lined with cork, and joined
by hinges, the legs being made moveable.
Model representing the deck seat, as changed into a
raft ; this change is effected by loosening the elbows,
clearing the back and seat together, and putting in the legs
at right angles. Four of the seats, when spread out, are
adapted for the construction of a great raft, which might
be mode by putting emptv casks underneath, and siiars,
gratings, &o. as a deck; the raft, also, with a low Bermu-
(lion soil, might be used to convey a rope to the lee shore.
The deck seat can also be instantly mode into a couch,
table, or litter, being equally adapted for garden seats in
pleasure-grounds or hospitals.
291 RioMAiDEN, James, Lieut. U.N., 6 Harley Place —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Model of lanyard-plates, to set up standing rigging of
ships, in lieu of rope lanyards and dead-eyes ; the small
simce occupied by the plates allowing quarter-deck and
forecastle guns to be trained to any angle, and not liable
to fire, as with rope lanyards.
292 Allen, James, Oremock, Scotland — Inventor and
Proprietor,
Model of a new patent safety anchor.
292
Bennett, Edward, 2 Victoria Place, Woolwich—
Inventor.
Universal wedge block, in stone, wood, or brick, ap-
plicable for piers, dock and sea-walls, foundations, water-
wlieel aprons, fire-proof floorings or roofings, and all
descriptions of furnace work, &o., or for any situation
requiring great resiatance to lateral preaaure. The prin-
ciple of '}bese blocks rests upon their pure geoniotrica'
aonatruc:ion, for a weight or pressure caiuiot pass beyopi
the centre of tl>e stones, and they are Ijotter than ati nw
altogether aolid.
294 KovAL Yacht Club— l*roducer.
Modi lis of yachts belonging to the Royal Thamea
Yacht Club.
Nkmu at Ynolit. Tuim.
1 Ntiicy D*WHon
2 Cyiitliit . . .
3 Volante . . .
4 A\enger . . .
6 .M laqutto. , ,
6 FIdur-de Lit .
7 P<«m . . . .
8 F olic . . .
9 Kik
10 »\m Sly . . .
U Daring:. . . .
18 .^ockey . . . ,
13 Udy Loulu .
14 Brilliant . . ,
15 Belvedere. , .
16 Myatery • , •
1«3
&U
SO
49
;r
6i
2U
IS
lU
7
81
24
12
10
2S
Si
Hy wliom Iluilt.
K. H. Camper, of
Onport.
T. WanlilU, Poole,
I84U
T. Ilarvev, Ipiinlch ,
ilnniunji'iiwex . . .
C. Marc, lllack«tall ,
>T. Hurvey, IpaHlcli
Moore, Plymouth .
J. Diitlilejun., Aljer-
ilern.
W. Smith, London,
W, Mmilh, London,
1S;|U.
Ditchbiirn and Mare.
T. nitchburn . . .
The Pioperty of
Tlie Ute Robert
Nhedden, K.N.
John Wieka, Vtti.
L. Craigie, Eiq.
H, Mnneley, Kaq.
\A l^undealjorniiKh.
W. li. Uinth, K<q.
T. Harvey.
Alfred Oox, Eiiq.
I. Hiehardion, lliiq,
T Harvey.
U. Cook, Eiq.
W. Hogarth, U»i\.
T. Smith, Eiq.
W. tlucknall, K<q,
Majoi H. Boyt.
W. Kingiford, Eiq.
The flrtt of these yachti luu circumnavigated the globe ; the third
atid aixtli are new ; and tlie reat are all winners of many priiea.
95 Haoohter, V, — luventor.
Model of a traversing gun on platform.
Model of a life-boat.
296 HiTT^ T., B;i"(/^r<— Inventor and Manufacturer.
Life-boot (one of a pair) for enabling a person to sustain
bimfaelf in water.
297
Cherrett, D. Orosvemr Mews, Berkeley Square,
Working Qunmaker.
An improved two-groove rifle pistol, with invisible
lock, V oich throws a ball 250 yards, and can be used aa a
pistol, or from the shoulder,
298 Scamp, W., Admiralty, Somerset House — Inventor.
Model of a great preservative dry dock for the reserve of
the Royal Navy, designed for laying up ships of war out
of commission, or ships "in ordinary," lugh and dry,
thereby preventing their rapid deterioration and pre-
mature decay, &c., without dismantliug them, or remov-
ing the machinery; for examining, repairing, and refitting
ships, and selecting from the reserve for commission with
certainty, facility, despatch, and economy; for building
ships, seasoned and dry; and also for laying up ships in
frame for seasoning.
299 Wilson, J,, Stratford, Essex-
Models of life-boats.
-Inventor.
301
Dothoit & Co,, 6 Finsbury Place South —
Designers and Manufacturers,
Aerial tent, about 12 feet by C. Framework of Malacca
cones and mahogany. Covering of Spitalflelds silk, suitable
for lawns.
Registered umbrella tent, suitable for emigrants,
oflicei-s, and field purposes at home and abroad. Its
ohject is poi*tability, being contained in a bag measuring
7 feet by 1, and easily fixed. {Cross Gallery, between
North and North Central Gallery.)
•'502 Edginoton, Benj., 2 Duke Street, London Bridge —
luventor and Manufacturer.
A tent, 12 feet by 8 feet, poles with table. Four cots
can be hung from the frame-work; it is waterproof, easily
erected, and forms a complete room.
ano
11
Claim 8.— NAVAL AnCHlTECTUUK, MILTTAllY ENaiNEKTlINO, [Ukitbd
Wkmt Knu Oaij.ery and Hoi;t/i-Wkht Hallkrv.
Military tont, I '2 feat sqttAro ; peculiar in ita construction ;
few linen aro iiaod, iiml tlie teutti can liu iilocud cluM to
ench otliur. ItM luoat itupurtiiut fuuture la the inoreaied
power of vontilntinn.
Htovej and couliing apparatus for teuti.
Trophy of ttiign.
30n Blair, J., Lriiw, i^i/wAiVu— Inventor.
Portable ouuip-cot, cuiubiniug a tent, bedstead, and
uouuh.
;!04
Model I
Croiu, li.-
. lifelwat.
-Inventor,
1105 Smith, Thomas & William, Scuxastk-upw-Tync
— Proprietors.
Model of the morvhont frigate Bluniifim, l> lilt in July,
1848, at St. Potor'H Dookyurd, NewcivisMu-ui>on-Tyne.
30(1 TnioESZA, K.— in-oducer.
Models of two Fuluioiith iisliing-boats.
307 Hkdlkv, Okobok, Yorke Street, Monkitcannoul/t,
^■'/;ii/t'/7'iM<'- Muniifiicturer.
Model of a nieruhant-viissol of tlie ArHt o\ma, on the
scale of a tpurter uf an inch to the foot. The dimen-
sions are an Cullins : — Extreme length, 17'2 ; length of
keel, Itil ; breadth of beam, ^T^ ; depth of hold, '-':: ;
length of poop, 48 ; 'ength of forecastle, W'.S feet. The
ship is framed all luiind, instead of having a supak-ute
stei'u-franie, and is built up in the usual manner. It
has five ku'lnons, one at the bottom of the hold, two
on the footliooks, and two on the second foothooks or
bilge. It is stated that us jack-screws nro used in the
building of this ship, she will possess one gruiit advantage
over others, wIio-^h shores being made in the onliuary
way, ai* liable, when loaded, in a storm, to be thrown
out, and caimot be put in again. The screws luloptcd in
this ship, if likely to be thrown o\it during the working
of the vessel in a heavy sea, can be screwed up again from
the (!-ck by a brass plate let into a plank of the deck,
and ap, lying the key to tighten the screw, without the
least injury to the vessel or cargo. The 'twixt-beam
staple-knees are made half-circle, so that the two throat-
holes go in the upiier stroke or plank, and the other three
boles in the stroke or plank below. In between decks
and lower hold are diagonal straps, 78 feet long. The
iron fastenings, hooks, riders, and crutches are all secured
the same as fonvard, across the stern-post ; diagonal
straps are placed on the hold and deck beiuns, to prevent
the vessel sti-aiuing, when rolling and labouring athwart
in a head sea. There arc eight ventilators in tlie cover-
ing-boards, to ventilate the timbers, and she is fitted
with Mr. Hughes' new windlass aii'l steering appm.iMM, a
larger model of the latter of whielt is in the KxliDjition.
30S Swallow, J. C.
Model of a life-boat.
-Inventor.
309 KovAL National Institi-tion ion tiik Piiksebva-
TioN OF Lin FROM Suu'wiiKCK. — Producer.
Model of life-boat.
Specimens of gold and silver medals.
300a Collars, J. B.
Model of a life-boat.
-Inventor.
310 Mariners' Friend Sociktv, 58 Fcnchirch Street —
Inventors.
Moilel of a station for aflbrding assistance in case of
wreck. It provides residence for one man, with whom a
brigade is connected for the same purpose, and contains
vai'iona articles for rescuing life and property, and re-
covering the apparently drowned.
Model of a village station for similar purposes. The
lai'ge room, which is intended as a reception room, may
also be used for educational purposes, for the benefit of
seamen, fishermen, and their families.
Life-belt worn by the brigade.
Wager or racing boat, for one pair of sculls, built of
mahogany and maple, with outrigger rowl 'cks.
312 Slater & Wright, U'AiMi/— Inventom.
A life-boat and carriage, not liable to upset on lieini;
struck by a sea on one side. An under current or back
Hweop acting upon the )»>ttotn in an opposite direction,
would only have the effect of causing the air-box to
revolve,
31.'1 Si'ARRow, KoitRRT, Wexf'inl — Inventor.
Model of a lifeboat on an improved principle.
314 Williams, William-
Model of a life-boat.
-Inventor.
31.") liAiNO, Jamm, */H</(r/fim/— Builder.
Model of the sliip " Vimiera," 1,U2U tons, belonging
to Messrs, D. Dunbar & Sons, of London, built by James
Laiiig. I'roportioii of length to beam 5 to I : it is said
to be remarkable for fast sailing and large capacity,
Principal dimensioiu) —
Length . . .105 feet.
Breadth . . . 33 „
De|.th . . . 23 „
Length from head to taffrail 100 feet.
One side represents the ship in the finished state, and
the fastening applied in securing her ; the other side
shows the dis|i(iHition of the framing, and the vai'ious de-
scriptions of knees used in connecting the beams to th>3
sides of the shi|i. This side is so arranged as to open,
and show the internal structure of the ship.
The model was made by Thomas Hardy.
316 HoDosoN, MoBKS, () Mm- Street, Sunderland—
Manufacturer.
Model of a pilot coble, with its oara, sail, and other
appointments. It is similar to those which ply out of
the port of Sunderland.
317 MoNTEAOLE, The Right Hon. Lord, 7 Park Street,
Westmimter — Producer.
Model of a curragh, or light row-boat, portable by one
man; used for fishing on the north-west coast of Ireluml.
[Off the westei-n coast of Ireland, which to a consider-
able extent is "iron-bound," the ancient Celtic boat
called the cun°agh (caiikbus), or nivuiiue (navicula), has
been c mstructed so late as the present century. It
was constructed with a frame of osiers woven in basket-
work, and covered over with a hide. It is accurately
described by Julius Solinus, as well as in the following
passage" from Cicsivr:— " Imperat militibus Caisar ut naves
— fuciant cujus grueris oum superioribus annis usus Bri-
taimiiL docuerat, C'luina primum ac statumina ex levi
materia fiebaut, reliquam corpus na\ ium vimiuibus con-
textam coriis iiitegebantur." — De Bello Civ., lib. i. § 54.
This ancient boat him been superseded within the last
40 yettiti by the modem curragh, or canoe, of which the
j)rosent model is given on a scale of an inch to a foot.
Strained canviw, coated with tar, is now used in pref ireuce
to horsehide, as less liable to stretch when exposed to
sea-water.
These peculiar boats are well adapted to the coasts of
Ireland; they are easily hauled up by the fisherman, and
carried to his own cottu^'e. Against a heavy sea and
winil they possess great superiority over boats built witli
wood. But they lu'e only suited to line fishing, from the
neces.sity that the Tiieush> ild remain steady to their seutt,.
When going bet'tM .: the wind, a light lug-sail is some-
times set, and though apparently unsteady and unsafe,
these curraghs, when managed with dexterity, bear a
heavier sea than any other open boat. T' v are usually
nanued by four rowera, each using two poodles.
The original curragh, or carabus, as it is called by
Latin writers, wivs well known in ancient times. "Caiu-
bus parva Scaplia >'.\ vimine facta, quio contexta crudo
cordio genus uavigii pncbit." — Isidor .xix. 1.
KiNdDOM.]
Sunderland —
OUNR, WEAPONS, &o.
W«tT Ehd Oallkby and South- Webt Oam,«bt.
aoi
The Commentator on Cieiwr (Vote* Var.) obwrveii: —
" Non dublto quia vox CarnbiM vox lit Uritannlca aut
llnliijica,"— Anglioe, ooriule. Sco fartUor, CUarnork's Na-
v»l Arobiteoture, vol. i. p. 232.]
817a Wakneii, Captain— Inventor.
Speoimena of bomb-ihelli, &o.
318 HuoHM, John, iVi«i<f«r/(im*— Inventor.
Model of Hteuriiig ni>paratuii. T!>ia coniiita of two
CMt-irnn Btandardit, with two troveno boscH at the top.
ThuHe boxes are screwed on to a toothed nkck, wliiuh hiw
a pinion on the upright shaft to which the steering-wheel
JH nfllxed, so that when the steering-wheel is tunied
either way, motion is triveu to the rack, and thence com-
municated to tlie niddor by means of two connecting
rdds lending to the tiller, which ia placed on the head of
tlie rudder. The apparatus, or steering-machine, is de-
tached altogether, and is placed on the under side of the
deck beams of the ship, and is free f^ni any obstruction.
When the sea strikes the rudder it runs ami' -hips ; the
fyeak leverage that the helmsman has gives lin.. u proper
command.
Model of miMting-sheorB, capable of lifting a boiler of
20 tims weight, and sheani on this principle may be oon-
Htnicted to raise any weight that mav be required. They
are also adapted to put masts into ships, Tlie model is
made on a half-inch scale. The machinery is under cover,
to protect it from corrosion, and to keep it in proper
urder. The middle storey is intended as a wiu'ehouHo or
loft I'ur fitting up the rigging of larger vessels.
320 Rook, QEonaK Hknrv, Limlmrt, Portsmouth—
Working Shipwright.
Model of Her Miyesty's Htoam-yocht tender " Fairy,"
to the scale of a (|uarter of lui inch to a foot. The yacht,
with her entire fittings on the deck, the carving and the
gilding, and her masts and rigging, ore closely imitated.
The model, in a glass case, appears to be floating on
water; but the reprctontntion of the surface of the water
may bo withdrnwu, and the vcusel displayed resting upon
blocks similar to thoae on which ships are built. The
screw-propeller is then seen ; and its action may be exhi-
bited on turning a little moohinci^ by means of a pipe-
koy, to be applied on the dock. (In CUiss G.)
322 Druery, John, //drtte/ioo/— Inventor.
Model and plan of a ship and shoi-e shoot-iron life-boat,
intended to recover herself when upset, Pi-ovided with a
uiil)in for the better protection of the ship's crew. Fitted
with '21 separate air-tight vessolg for the purpose of keep-
ing tlie boat afloat in cose of external daiiiiige. The valves
of the pipes for ventilating the cabin ares.) constructed
OM to admit the air when the boat is iipi-iglit, and to
exclude the water when upset.
323
Oale, Oeorqe Hamltn, 38 Wind Street,
Swiinsea — Inventor.
Hydrostatic apparatus for life-boats, ships, &c,, mode
of gutta-percha ; intended to dischai-go wa.tor from life-
boats, &c., without manual or mechanical power.
Model of a life or surf-mft or boat, wiiich prosenta the
same form, whichever side is immersed ; with iife-buoys,
jacket, or belt.
324 Bee, Benjajuin— Inventor,
Model of a lifeboat.
325 Bowek, Augustus F., liotley-
Clear anrhor.
-Inventor.
327 Etrick, Antuonv, llitjh Bamea, nan- Sunderland
— luvontor.
Model, to a scale of one inch to a foot, oxhilitting a new
method of launching the long-boat of a inerch;iiit or other
vesHul ; principally adapted for coal vessels. The boat can
by tliis method be launched by one man, without the
masts, or removed to the side of the vessel, clear of tho
hatchway. Transvon wheels oi'e shipped on, so that
the boat can be run fore or aft tho vessel as required.
Portable punching, slotting, and stamping apparatus,
of new construction. Tlie screw being all in one piece
does not revolve, but is worked up and down by the collar
to which the handle U attached ; it is fitted with five
punching and t\«o cutting tools, one with edges for
cutting out mortise holes, the other for shaping and
cutting devices in iron or other metals.
Bogie, or timber -lifting ai>]>aratui, exhibiting a new
apnlication of the screw.
In descending a hill, the chain ia quickly shifted to give
greater weight before or behind, so oa to act aa a drag.
The model is made to a scale of one inch to a foot.
Itegisterod travel I iiig-bag or portmanteau, of new con-
struction.
320 Macdonald, Jobn, l.'l Henry Street, Vaux\atl-~
Inventor.
Binnacle and ship's compass; intended to reduce loonl
attraction; to neutralize the dip of the needle; to give
an extraordinary binnacle light; speedy at\justraent of the
bowl ; and to enable on azimuth to be taken at any hour
of the day or night,
Engine mimp for various important ships' purposes,
with double cylinders, workotl with new oiugle valve,
and {tarallel motion.
Hilent water-closet, and exhauster of effluvia; acting
without trap.
Steam chest and valve, applicable to double cylinders.
Lantern and lamp for smp's head, and general pur
poses. This lamp tiirows a reflection of light fi-om 16vj
degrees of its circle,
330
160
Pearce, Thomas Blewett, 03 J^ewman Street
— Inventor.
Railway fog-signal lamp, with red and green lights to
be used at pleasure. One small lamp is sutticient on each
engine.
Fishing tackle. Improved walking-stick, convertible
into a seat, umbrella, and landing-net handle, adapted for
the pocket or fishing-basket. Fisiiing-rod, with winch and
running tackle. Self-acting top, which instantly strikes
the fish when he bites; to be ui>ed with or without a float.
Folrling live-bait kettle. A gaif, hook-clearing ring, and
drag-hook in one. Float mode out of elder pith, with
newly invented caps, to be instantly detached from the
line.
332 WiujAMs, Thomas, Hed Lion Street, Cleriemcell —
Inventor.
Self-acting machinery for pumping ships by the move-
ment of the vessel, with improved pump.
333
LoNORiDOE & Co., 4 Muiiiion House Place —
Manufacturers.
The largest and the smallest anchors used in the British
Navy. Manufactured by the Bedlingtou Iron Company,
Northumberland.
The following are exhibited outside the Building, at the
West end.
335 Bateman, Jonas, 101 Upper Street, hlimjton
— Inventor and Patentee.
Patent life-boat, constructed for 30 persons. The object
of the exhibitor has been to render it incapable of being
stove, sunk, or upset by any sea under any circumstances.
It has been exposed to the most violent testing on the
const for four months.
Patent life-boat, constructed for six persons, on a pre-
cisely similar principle, and having had the some testing.
336 Rodger, Wm., Lieut. R. N., 9 Shawfield Street,
King's Road, Chelsea — Inventor.
Improved patent small palmed anchor, with improved
iron stock.
Improved patent small palmed kedge anchor, con-
structed on the same principle.
Manufactwed by Fox, Henderson, & Co.
802
Clam 8.— NAVAL ARCHITEOTURK, MILITAUY ENOINEKRINO, [Unitku
Wmt Kmu Ualuirv and Huuth-Wkht Oallchv.
887 Smum, A. B., Ktyal Dockyard, Woolwidi—
Invantor.
Working mu<t«I of a twiii-itom ateain «hi|i, with a
nroUototl prutNillur, praparuil iu 1848 ut llariuuda Ity thu
luventor, to aluoidnto tlie lulvantagoa of hi* plan uviir thu
ordinary iuo<l« of flttioK loraw ateauMn, of which tha
following aro the priDuipiU:—
Fint. aa ragarda lafaty and ipead : —
1 . Tua i>ro|)ell«r ii eutimly prot«ot«d from aooidant by
ahot. floating ioe, piucea of wrwik, buoyi, bawaan, aaa-
wead, flahing ueta, aud from a heavy aoa. 'J. GziienM of
wear and tear of prt)|)«ilar i« rmluoed, A. \x\ thu uaao of
tlio ihip baing drlvou on ahoru, tite graater |)ortion of the
diiud wood may bo knoukod away witliout it^jury to the
propeller. 4. The fluid thrown off lutontlly l)v the pro-
peller lieing reflecte<l by the tunnel, venta itaeff aft with
uouaidunti'le force, like the atreiun of u rotatory pump,
and aotins ngoiniit the after draught of the veaml, which
UoWH in tne opiHXiltu direction, aaxiiitfi in propelling the
veuel; while, in the ordiniu^ conatniction, the power
expended in driving the fluid laterally, i* wholly loat.
5. However much the form of the icrew may be per-
footed, the fluid thrown oif laterally muHt ulwuyH Iw cou-
aiderable at atarting. It will, therefore, bo seen that the
first revolutiouH of the acruw will bo much more efluotive
in the twin-atom ateomem than iu vomoIi of the ordinary
countruction, and a great a<lvantago be thus gained iu
extricating the ahip from difficult aituationii.
0. A more direct flood, aud a more free paaaage for the
water to the propeller, the lino of ourrout lioiug direct
with the oxia of the pro|>ollor.
Second, as regards constniction;—
1. The item-frame of the ship ia much stronger than
that of on ordinary sailing vessel, has additional dis-
placement, and dispenses entirely with ponderous over-
hanging quarters. 2. The stom-post is not, as now,
nearly sovere<l by an enormous hole being bored through
it and the stomson knee, for the screw sluifts. 8. Greater
stability is obtained, and the heavv rolling so much
complulnod of iu the present screw ships greatly reduced.
4. Vibratiou of stem, when uudur steam, is nearly
removed. 5. The twin-rudder, which can bo worked by
a single tiller, acta with increased effect; but in case of
accident to one, the remaining one will be found suflSoient
for ordinary work, enabling tlie carpenter's crew to effect
a proper repair of the injured one, or to fit a temporary
rudder to the sister stem-post, A single rudder can,
however, be adopted, if preferred. 6. On a foreign
station, or iu the absence of a dock or slip, the ship may
be grounded abaft to effect any slight repairs to the
propeller shaft, &c.
Third, ns regards the application of soils: —
1. The propeller can be housed without incommoding
the working of the ship or guns. 2. The lateral resist-
ance is increased on the inclination of the ship, by the
leeward keel having more immersion than when the ship
is upright, thereby adding to her weatherly qualities.
3. The form of the water sections being preserved before
each rudder, they have more power than that of the
present screw ships, where the water from the 'eeward
side of the vessel passes through the cavity for the screw
to the weather side of the rudder. 4. In the case of the
ship getting on shore or striking abaft, and having an
inclination or list at the time, by tacking or wearing, as
the cose may require, she will immediately be brought
upright, and in many instouces free herself, when in that
position, as her draught of water abaft will then be less
than at the moment she struck.
Lastly, as regards armament ; —
1. The propeller, and well for raising it when under
canvas, can be fitted clear of the pivot gun, both when
housed and iu action. 2. The additional strength and
support to the stem-frame, alreody alluded to, and the
absence of quarters overhanging by many yards the section
of load displacement, as iu the cose of the ordimiry screw
ships, render the stem capable of suBtoining much heavier
metal, and which can be better handled or worked from the
increased dimensions of the after part of the quarter deck.
The illustration represents a quarter view of the
ship, with two stam-poats end two rudden to work
slmultanoouaiy. '!io i«|iace Iwtwcen thu stuni posts, iii-
Kulatetl I, M' ■ "mt«r of the soro.v, fonn« a tunnel
for the pi''j,»Mi. to work i . whic'i tunnel, extuudin^^
towards the :' ' t .)f ^'' • •!''(), gradiwlly roaolvus Itsulf
into the ordimit^ .i.: Kii the vessel near the maiutiuMt
(W>iu whence tbi' w.igiual miNlel is preserved.
Htunloe'i Working Mudd of ■ Twin-iUm 8tMm Blilp.
The sister keels which ore substituted for the dispensed.
with midship one alwft, lu-o fixed at equal distances from
the middle line, parallel to eiu:h other, forming bii^^u
keels amidships, and the foundation of the arched roof of
the tunnel abaft.
To the roof of the tunnel is given that form which will
insure the most effective delivery of that portion admitted
of the displitcod fluid, aud the most free access of thu
water to the screw.
The eugiiies aro placed and fitted in the ordinary way,
and the snip may be built of either wood or iron.
In the event of a screw steamer fitted in the ordinary
manner being driven on shore, the first two or throe
shocks would i-endor the ship unmanageable, upon getting
off again, both tmder steam and canvas, with the Iohs uf
rudder and propeller, as iu the cose of a corvette on the
North American coast, in 1850, It is also sitid of the
"Great Britain," thot, immediately after the first shovk
she received on goin^' on shore, the screw was jammed or
locked, thereby preventing any hope of ossistonce from
her engine of 1,000 horse power, which was thereby
rendered useless at the time it was perhaps most ret^uired
for the safety of the ship.
The experience of nautical men and others connected
with the screw proves, that from its present exposed
position many iastancos hove occurred of hawsers being
taken up by, and coiled aroimd, the propeller, completely
choking it, and endangering the engines as well as the
ship, causing a detention of many days to cut them off
piecemeal ; in some coses it is not accomplished effectually
without placing thu vessel on shore, or in a dry dock.
The eddy formed on starting the engines, before the
ship gathers way, has, iu more than one instance, drawn
the boats mode fust astern into the propeller, which
has literally smashed and sunk them.
The blodes of the screw have also been knocked off by
striking against projecting shelves of rock, buoys, &c. &c.]
Drawings of the "Balsa" life-bbat, in two positions,
also the mode of launching in a heavy surf, with the
carriage used for that purpose and transporting aloug-
shorc. Provisionally registered.
Sketches of a paddle-box boat, constructed on the
"Balsa" principle, showing her both under sail and
stowed iu place.
KlN'IDOII.]
0UN8, WKAl'ONS, Ac.
Wkmt Knd GAi.i.Bnv and Houtii-VVkmt Ualleuv.
809
The prlnolplM on whluh the "BbIm" lif«-boat have
Ihh'Ii oonatruuteil nro tlioaa i>f the twiu-»t«ni itoainar,
witli |ir<>t«vt«(l iiro|i«illur, uxhlbltod lit CIkm 6, lo npi)liiHl
w t» cuiublna tna ({iialitlu* reooinuiendad by th« Com-
iiilttoa niipolutud tu asniiiiue tho plan* which oompetad
fur the Northutub«rhiu<l premluiu.
Thu tarm " UaIm" ii taken froui the uania of the boata
iif "l!k)Utb America," famed fur thulr qualltlee m aurf-
liiiata, Ati. The buata *o atyled are each prutielled by
uua man uaiug a double paddle through the heavy
brDukura and «urt un the coaat uf South America, tn-
^uvutly uarryiug a cargo uf a tun weight.
338 Id' . '«oN, J., Jun., 13 //n)iov#r^</u>ir*— Producer.
Mo<lol of H.M. «t«nm-iihlii "Medea," on tho aoala of
t-inch to a foot. Thia aulendid war-ateamer haa the
reputation of being one of the faatuit iMwIdlo ateaiuan
under uanvaa iji the Huyal Navy; and waa deaignad and
built by Oliver Lang, Eaci., maatar ihipwright In tha
itoyal dockyard at Woolwicn; laat veariha waa the bearer
to thla country uf the celebrated Koh-i-noor diamond, ou
which ocoaaion ahe performed the quickeat paaaaga ou
reooni from the Cape of Oood Hu|>e tu Engliuid.
Thia mudel i* repreaented in the annexed dluatratiuu,
Iludton'i Model of H.M. Steam Sliip " Medea.
,1;19 Pairi-t, E.— Inventor.
Method of raiaing a stranded vessel.
340 Ward, — , luveutur.
Mudel of a atcara-vussel. (In class 5f.
341 M'Cbae, J. — Inventor.
Model of a lifo-bont.
342 KtcKAROs, C. — Inventor.
Htoeramau'a iudiuator.
343 Marccahd, 0. li. — Inventor.
Mudel of ou 18-gun brig.
344 Jones, T. — Inventor.
Model of a propeller for canal navigation.
34.') Egg, D. — Inventor.
Pistols, inlaid with gold and silver.
340
Lancaster, C. — Inventor.
Uuus and rifles, smooth-bored.
347
Admiralty compass.
348 Sears, M. W.— Inventor.
Patent noedlo-gun.
340 Haul, H. W., Lieut, R.N.— luvontor.
Mudol of tut anchor.
350 Reid, Captain, J. H. — Inventor.
Model of a fou-propeller.
361 IUnkine, Adam, I.mceficM Fuumli-y, Kirkcxidbright
— Inventor.
Workinjj modol of an iron planked war steam-ship, with
"Clow motion, and propelled by a pair of direct oscillating
engines ; showing the principle of the ball passing through
the ship, with improved tubular boilers.
352 Baily, J., Middle Street, Deal — Inventor.
Model of a Deal lugger of 20 tons. Exhibited for
lightness of construction, and sufflciuncy of strength tu
stand in a storm.
353 PcoH, Edwin, Whitatable, Kent — Inventor.
New ballast, called " water ballast," possessing the
following advantages over the present mode of ballasting :
No delay in taking in ballast; a su£Bcient quantity at all
timoK, any quantity can be discharged when requisite; no
choking of the pumps; no shifting of the ballast; a
greater choice of freights; greater security from leakage;
greater security ft-om fire; a saving of labour, and rest to
the crew; n greater number of voyages; a greater saving
to the vessel, wear and tear of ropes, &c. ; strengthening
of the vessel when in ballast ; saving in provisions, &c. ;
prevention of the vessel foundering; and saving the
expense of ballast.
I'his apparatus is constructed to lost for years, at a
trifling annual cust. It is simple in its arrangement, so
that a sailor can easily understand it. It requires no
alteration after it is fixed, and if by accident it should
be damaged, it is soon repaired. The expense of the
pm-chose is liquidated in the first twelve mouths.
354 Captain Dwter, Woolwicfi Dockyard, '
Model of life -boats and anchors.
355 Mr. Lang, Wooluich Dockyard.
Various methods of steering vessels.
New plan fur dead-eyes, and system of ventilating ships.
356 Peak, James, Woolwich Dockyard.
Model of a brig, on slip.
358
Model of a 78-gun war-ship, in a small decanter.
AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.
INTRODUCTION.
The application of the mechanical genius of tliis country to Agriculture is illustrated by the present Class. In
respect of the space occupied by it, it may 'ie considered the largest Class in the Exhibition ; but in the number
of exhibitors it does not equal many other' Classes. In consequence of the annual exhibitions of agricultural
implements held in diflferent towns, the exhibitors in this Class have had a degree of experience in their pre-
parations for exhibituig, not enjoyed by those in other Classes, to whom a public display of their productions
has presented itself as a new undertaking.
This Class divides itself into the following sub-classes : — A. Implements for Tillt^e, such as Ploughs,
Harrows, Scarifiers, Clod-crushers, &c. ; B. Drilling, Sowing, Manuring, and Hoeing Machines, such as Drills,
Dibblers, Hoes, &c. ; C. Harvesting Machiiies, as machines for cutting com, &c., IJakes, Tedding, and otiicr
machines ; D. l?arn Machinery, as Steam-engines, Horse-works, Thrashing-machines, Winnowing, HummcUing,
and other machines ; E. Field, Fold, and Yard machinery, as QXirnip-cutters, steaming, feeding, weighinj;,
and watering machinery ; F. Agricultural Carriages, Harness, and Gear., such as Waggons, Carts, &c. ; G.
Drainage Implements, as Pipe, Tile, and Brick-making machines. Irrigators, &c. ; II. Dairy Implements, as
Churns, Presses, &c. ; I. Miscellaneous Implements used in Agriculture ; and J. Garden-engines and Tools.
In the Ijuilding the implements and other apparatus of this Class will be found in Avenues P. Q. and ]?.,
exten(Ung from the western wall of the Building to the Sculpture Court. Some of the machines in motion, such
as mills for farm produce, together with some of the steam-engines adapted for agricultural purjwscs, are I'ouiul
in the space generally occupied by Classes o, G. Outside the Building, also, at its western end, are gates,
hurdles, &c., which projierly belong to this Class.
The results of much eflbrt, in calling in t'le {wwers of the steam-engine to the aid of agriculture as to that of
manufacture, are evident in this Class. The agricultural steam-engine is itself an interesting object. For its
practical api)lication, great simplicity, combined with efficiency and strength in the working j)arts, is alisolutely
necessary. The mechanism requires to Imj such as shall not be easily deranged, or if deranged to be capable uf
easj- ailjustment. The elements of lightness and [lortability, with simple but efficient working jiower,
naturally ofler themselves, as of the first moment, in the construction of an engine to be managed by agricultural
labourers, to lie dragged into the fields, and often over bad ground and roads.
The oscillating cylinder-engine is used in some of the instances exhibited, and in others the cylinder is
placed horizontally, and is fixed, the slide-valves licing acted on by an eccentric in the usual manner. These
engines have been put to iictual service, together with the other machines in this Class ; having been tested in
the trial-yard on their way to the Building. Upon the result of these exi)erinicuts will principally deix;nd the
reiwrt of the Jury for thi.s Class.
A variety of ploughs and pulverizers are shown, the iieculiar fonn and construction of which are submitted to
practical agriculturists for thi ir ai)probation. A large amount of attention has lieen given to the form of tiie
share and furrow-turner, with a view to their adai)tati()n to soils of varying tenacities and degrees of resistance.
Many of the iron ploughs are deserving of notice from their coni|)actness and lightness of construction. Sonio
are made especially for convenience of stowage for emigrants. The drilling, sov/ing, and manuring maeiiines
exhibit featur^^s of interest. In many of these, vulcanized caoutchouc has Injen s(;rviceably applied for conducting
the seed, manu.o, &c., to the coulters. The steer.age of many of these machines exhibits ingenious arrangements.
Attempts have frequently been made to substitute mccl..inieal for haiul-labour in harvesting ojierations. Some
curiously-contrived forms of a])paratus are found in this Chuss ailapted for cutting corn and grass, and thus in
a degree dis]iensing with the labours of the reaper and the mower. Barn machinery is also well represented in
a variety of chaff-cutters, wintiowing, thrashing, and other machines anil mills, which afford an instructive
view of the present extensive aii])lications of machinery to agricultural uses, Tne inqilements connected with
the all-imi)ortant subject of drainage are S])ecime :s exhibiting nuieh inventive skill. The pijie, brick, and
tile machines arc highly interesting, and some are 'xhibited in o|K,'ration, autoinafieally producing, from weil-
kneaded clay, those various articles, the ordinary niainifacture of wl.ieh requires tiie labours of sevt...'. indi-
viduals. The pifKi-making machines present a singidar as]ieet when in work, discharging an endless row ol
pipes of wet claj', which arc divided by tlie alternate ; isc and fail of lioiizontal wire. By a simple arrangement
the length of these piiws can be adjusted to any required extent.
Kingdom.]
MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.
On the South Side : Areas N. O. 1 ; P. Q. R. 1 to 27.
365
ing, weifjliinj'
In no other country, of late years, has agriculture been rendered so largely an object of experiment as in the
United Kingdom, and in none other do the requisite amount of capital, and the supply of means for such experi-
ments, proportionately to the area of the soil occupied, exist. Perhaps it may bo added, that in no other
country does there exist the same absolute necessity for the complete development of the productive capabilities
of the soil. The application of philosophy to this art is recent, but promises favourable results. Chemistry
has been applied to, for the knowledge of the properties of various earths, and Mechanics become the next object
of study with a view to reduce the soil to the conditions req; Ired by the cultivator. — 11. E.
1
Stanley, William PRocTon, Market Place,
PeterboroiKj/i — Manufacturer.
1. A two-horse portable steam-ens^ne, with an im-
proved boiler, invented by John Medworth, of Nottingham.
The fi re is suiTounded by water ; in and across the fire-box,
in a circulating chamber or water bridge, in the form of a
square box, with about two inches inside water space.
It liHH inlet pipes at bottom, and outlet pipes at top, into
the body of the 1: iler. The water circulates through
this box, and its violent ebullition liberates the steniu
n« rapidly as it is generated. The cut, fig. 1, repre-
gents this steam-engine.
Fig. 1.
Stanley's Two-hor»c Portable Stpam-cngine. (End Elevation.)
2. Tiki farmers' registered steam-cooking apparatus.
Tliifi apparatus is shown in the adjoiumg cut, flg. 2.
Fig. 2.
SUnley's Registered ijteam-cooking Apparatus (I'or Farmers).
3. lliipe and linseed cake-breakor, for breaking cakes
I'or sheep, cattle, and manure.
4. P.egistored roller mill, or corn and seed crusher, for
crushing linseed, oats, barley, malt, beans, and Indian corn.
.5. Chaff engine, with safety lever, and apparatus for
stopping or reversing the motion in case of accident, to
cut chaff from gtbs of an inch to ,'i inches long. This
engine is represented in the annexed cut, fig. 3.
6. A machine for cutting roots for sheep and cattle, and
known as the Royal Albert turnip-cutter: this, as also
Nos. 2, 3, 4, and 5, are intended to woi'k, at the same
time, from the two-horse engine.
Fig. 3. .
Stanley's ClialT Engine.
The side cuts represent the safety lever seen from above
and at the side; d is the lever acting through the pieces a
and /, /, on the roller e, c; c is a tightening screw.
7. Drawings of windmills for grinding corn.
8. Drawings of a roller mill, and of a steam generator.
3 OuEST, John, Bedford — Inventor and Manufacturer.
Three-row steerage drill on the flat, or two rows on tho
ridge, for turnips or mangel-wurzel, with manure.
Eight-row cup drill, for corn and seed, with self-acting
box, and independent steerage, by which the drill-man is
enabled to steer it perfectly strnght, independently of the
horses, and thus to facilitate the use of the horse-hoe
between the rows.
4 Dean, Thomas, Wishmc, Scotland — Inventor.
Cutlery apparatus attached to a tile and pipe machine,
for forming overlaps in tiles and pipes as they come
through the die; intended to prevent the tiles or pipes
from sinking in soft lands, and to keep them in oni- con-
tinuous line, so as to supersede collars. Two men and «
boy can cut and make an average of 4,000 daily. The one
pipe is cut out of the other, so that the overlaps are very
complete in the fitting. The machine will be worked to
exhibit the process.
4a Smith, Alexander Kennedy, Exminster —
Inventor and Maker.
Rotary screening machine, for screening earths, ma-
nures, coke, coal, stamped ores, kc, ha\-iiig a rotary
motion, constantly changing the position of the ai'ticle to
be screened.
11 Crosskill, E., Licerpool — Manufacturer.
Carl, waggon, and patent wheels.
13 Harding, Eoerton, Uhhprimjs, Market Drayton —
Inventor.
Ono-liorao cart, the wheeln rininiug vertically, and the
axlo revohnng as well as the wheels.
Set of whippletrees.
snc
Class 9.— AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL
On the South Side : Areas N. O. 1 ; P. Q. R. 1 to 27.
[United
15 BcsBT, WiLUAM, Newton-le- Willotes, liedale —
Mnnufacturer.
Single-horse cart, and light aiugle-horse cart, for farm-
ing purponeH.
A light horse-hoe, for ridge work, improved by the
exhibitor. Strong horse-hoe for ridge work, with five tines.
Horse-hoe, with expanding motion.
Deep plough. Plough for general pui-posos. Light
two-wheeled plough. Swing plough. Ribbing drill.
16
Harvets & Tait, Strathatm, Scothnd—
Inventors and Manufacturers,
Clydesdale tilt-cart, in working order, with concealed
fastening; intended for farm work, and adapted for
jobbing on parks, lawns, or ornamental grounds.
Farm kitchen fire-place crane, with improved machinery
for adjusting cooking vessels.
17
Campbell, A. F., Orcat Plumstcad, Norfolk —
Manufacturer.
Potent four-wheel parallel-motion harrow.
17a
Greoort, Richard, Beverlcy-
Manufacturer.
Model of a diiuniug-machine.
-Inventor and
18
Stent, William, Stockwitli, Gainsborough —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
New suppoi-ter for peas, intended to supersede the com-
mon sticks, and calculated to last, with care, for a con-
siderable time. This supporter is neat, and con be ob-
tained in lengths of 23 yanis.
20 NiCHOLLS, R. H., 1 1 ElUaheih Street, Eaton Sqiuire
— Inventor.
Patent dibble, with locomotive machine attached, for
planting corn; and so constructed as to work upon any
description of land without choking: progression is ob-
tained by a new arrangement of mechanical powers.
Machine for giving motion with power to all rotatory
machinery.
21 WlLKlE, J., & Co., Uddliifjston, near QIasgotc —
Manufacturer.
Parallel drill grubber, made of ^vrought-i^on, and
adapted for cleaning and loosening the earth between tlie
rows of mangel-wurzel, potatoes, and turnips sown on the
ridge, having two wheels, one in front and one beliiud,
and regulated to the required depth by a lever.
Turn-wrist plough, niivde wlioUy of malleable iron, and
adapted to lay t)ie fin-row to t)io right or loft at pluiwiiro;
the mould boards and coulter are sliifted by a simulta-
neous motion ; the bridle is self-acting, and iu\just8 itself
in the turning of the horses, having two wheels in fi-ont
to regulate t)ie depth.
Two-horse sowing plough, adapted for general ptirposes.
It is greatly improved by welding the left handle, beam,
sheiitli, and heel in one solid body, thiis dispensing with
joints and mortices.
Subsoil plough, invented by Mr, Smith, and improved
by t)ie exhibitor, with frame-work and land-breakora, and
a leading wheel to regidate t)ie depth, whioli, nnuiiug in
the bottom of the furrow previously n\ivlo liy the common
plough, makes it work more evenly and eiusily.
Friction-wheel plo\igh, having a friction-wheel in the
sole for ease of draught.
2lA
Revis, Thomas, 8 Clcare Place, I.arkhall Lane,
St'irkirdl, Siirrei/ — Inventor.
Single-seed planter.
Single-seed dibbler.
22 Eaton, John, Wuodford, near Thrnpslmie —
Inventor and Manufactin'or.
A patent seed dibbler, a«lapti!d for hand or liorse power.
Uegistored ornamental shee|)crib, for hay, roots, cake,
SiC. Invented by William Kniglit, Esq., of Titohmarsli.
23
Harkes, David, Mere, near Nutsford — Inventor
and Manufacturer.
Plough, with the joints welded instead of being con-
nected by bolts and screws, and improved mould-bourdj
it can be used with or without wheels.
Parallel expamUnghorse-hoe.forhoeing between turnips,
potatoes, &c. ; it can be set to any required width by a lever
fixed between the handles, without stopping the horses.
Cheese and cider press, operating on the principle of a
steelyard, which can be regulated to any pressure.
Hay-cutter.
Machine for screening clay for bricks, tiles, pipes, &c.
24 Brabt, James, & Son, Dttlte Street, Stamford Street,
Lambeth — Inventors and Manufacturers.
New application of springs to a caravan, or waggon,
in which the perch bolt is placed behind the centre of tlie
axletree, to allow a higher fore wheel, and give a gi-eater
amount of lock.
Machine for weighing coals, attached to the liind part
of the caravim or waggon.
25 Windsor, John, Osirestry — Manufacturer & Improver.
Winnowing machine, for wheat, barley, oats, beans,
peas, &c. The improvements claimed are the peculiar
construction of the riddle-case, and the placing of a fly-
wheel on the fan spindle to regulate the speed, a'.id
produce an under-current of wind at the bottom of the
cylinder to blow off any light substances.
Clover seed drill, for sowing all grass seeds and tuniips
on the flat. The bottom of the box is formed so as to
cause the seed to fall to the brush until empty, and there i^
a movement for throwing the connecting spindle out of
gear.
25a Alsop, Daniel, 6 Boone Street, Lee, Kent —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Sulphurator and fumigator, to diffuse powdered sulphur
for destroying mildew ; with a tobacco-chamber.
25b Kingswell, Frederick, Ujiper St. Martin's Lane
— Inventor.
Model waggon.
25c QlNGELt , W. J., Nehon Street, Bristol — Inventor.
Model uniform com and seed meter, producing i>
uniformity of weight and measure of co.-n or seed at tho
same time. ^__
26 Robertson, George, Allardlre Street, Slonchareu,
Scutlaiul — Inventor.
One-horse cart for agi'ioultural purposes; with aslidiiij;
axle, by which the weight on the horse's back is reguhiteil
in going up or down hill ; it has tlie advantage of kecjiinf,'
the cart always on a level. This invention is intended tn
pi-event horses being at one time crushetl with too nuicli
weight, and choked at another with too little.
27
Alcock, Thomas, lladdiffe, near Nottingham-
luventor and Manufacturer.
Chaff-cutter, with improved rising roller.
Improved two-wheeled iron plough.
Improved swing iron plough.
28 LOWCOCK, Henrv, St. Peter's Street, Tiverton
— Inventor and Patentee.
Patent turn-wrist plough (invente<l by the exhibitor,
and nuumfactured by R, Adams, of Marldon, Devdii),
for turning furrows in one line of direction, and panilli'l
to each other. With this implement the whole undiT
surface of the furrow-slice is clean cut out at eiuh
ploughing; the weeds are clean cut; and tho upjier surt'iico
(if the soil, especially when brought into tilth, is kept
more level, and is loss trodden,
28a Fowler, John, jun,, Tciii/ilr Gate fiuplcment
Vactori/, Ilristol— Inventor and Proprietor,
Improved draining plough, (jiatented fur tlie Unitcil
Kingdom, Fnuico and Belgium) capable of effectually cv-
KisnuoM.]
MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.
On thk South Side : Areas N. 0. 1 ; P. Q. U, 1 to 27.
3(57
ecuting any drainage that may be required above the
depth of 4 feet, at less than half the cost of the present
gystem, and without disturbing the surface soil.
The following engraving shows the machine just as it is
fiaishing the drain. When commencing work, the plough
is taken to one end of the field, and the capstan is moored
at the other; the wire rope being run off the dnim of the
capstan and attached to the plough (either singly in
shallow draining or soft soils, or returned round a single
sheave when greater power is required), as shown in the
cut. The plug and coulter are then dropped into a hole
prepared for them, and the pipes threaded on a rope are
attached to the back of the plug, the hole being sloped
off backwards to allow them to enter easily. The horses
are attached to the horse levers of the capstan, and by
walking in a circular course, wind the wire rope on to the
drum, and pull the plough forward with the pipes
attached. When the required length of drain is com-
pleted (which may be any length under 225 yards), the
plough is run into another hole, and the rope on which
i:.
Fowl(-r's Improved Drninlng i'loiigh and Windlass,
!. Martin's Lane
n or seed at the
the pipes are strung, being unhooked, is pulled out back-
wards, and the drain is complete. As it would be in-
convenient to have the pipe-rope in one length, it is made
in pieces of 50 feet each and by a simple contrivance, as
one rope enters, the other is attached to the end. It does
not occupy more than one quarter of an hour from the
time of finishing one drain to commencing another. The
accuracy with which the clay pipes are laid cannot, it
is said, be equalled by any hand work; and from the
bottom being undisturbed, they are not liable to sink, as
h sometimes the caae even in the best-executed hand-
draining.
By this process, not only is the cost of burying the
tiles reduced in many cases 50 per cent., but from the
quickness and neatness of the operation it can be done at
any season of the year, without injury to any short crop
or interfering with the common farm operations, the
surface soil being untouched, except at the hea<llands;
and where the hedges are low, the capstan "an often be
fixed in the next field. In undulating or 'In t lands, the
levels are kept, or a fall insured, by workin-^ the coulter
up and down in the body of the plough, h\ ; nana nf
the worm and worm-wheel, shown in tin • ut, the
ploughman's eye being guided bj ,c try sigl t balanoe.'
on the plough, and a cross staff erected at thi: oui'. of the
field.
Several of these ploughs are now in consc' iit wci'k, and
though great lengths of the drains ha\u been opened 'v
the presence of large numbers of ^:>i iulturista, in no
instance have tiles been found incoin ctly laid.
The tpiautity of draining that ca: lie done per day will
v-ary with each particular iield, but in common clay land
when the de[)th does not exceed tlu'co feet, between
0,000 and 7,(lOO feet will be cowpluted with four horses
in the common working day; but when the depth excee.ls
three feet, from two to thi'ee horses will not do more
than half that quantity. Where it is pciKsiblo, this drain-
ing would be nmch more cheaply done in summer; as
twice the quantity of work may be done by having two
teams of horses out, and the other expenses would not
be increased in proportion.
28b Fowi.er & Fry, Temple (htte [aiptement Factory,
llristol — Designers and Manufacturers.
Rogirtterod farm cart, adapted for harvest and winter
purpoHos, Tlie wlinfts are adjusted witli bent iron stays,
sn iw to keep the body low and tlio wooil sliafts straight;
the tipping appar-atus is also adapted for rapid and ea.sy
delivery
29 Ells, 3 & 6 Tottenham Court Itoad — Inventor.
Wheelbarrow on an improved principle.
30 Cabpentek, W., Bunbitry — Inventor.
Anti-aU. ition thrashing machine.
31 Sawnet, William, Beverley — Inventor.
Winnowing-machine.
Iron model bridge.
32 Bendall, James, VVoo(/6n'cA/e— Manufacturer.
Patent self-adjusting cultivator, for skimming, cleaning,
pidverizing, or subsoiling land, with a double-action lever
on the axle, and crescent plate, to regulate its depth;
improved key mortice, for prongs; new arrangement of
shares, and new mode of regulating front wheels.
Patent crushing machine for corn, beans, peas, bar-
ley, &c.
33 Blackball James, 22 Upper Gray Street, Edinburgh
— Inventor.
Model of high-pressure boiler, for steaming bones for
manure; with additional tanks for retting flax; also, for
steaming straw, turnips, and other food for cattle.
Specimen of steamed bone-manure, prepared at Black-
faulds, Linlithgowshire; containing, for its preservation,
5 per cent, of salt and 5 per cent of gypsum.
The process of steaming bones, and afterwards dis-
.-II living them in sulphuric acid, is intended to supersede
the usual me'hod of crushing them by expensive ma-
cliinoiy.
34 Be^tit, R., Oodmanchcster, near Huntingdon — Inventor.
Patent land cultivator or scarifier, having traction
wheels, to prevent the implement, when paring hard land,
from moving out of the line of the draught of the horses.
35 Marshall, Lieut.-Col. William, Xewficld Cottage,
Craigellac/iie, Scotland — Inventor.
Cereal seed -planting and simultaneously -operating
moohine, constructed to show the advantage of thin seed-
ing-
;!0 WiNDUB, T.. F.S.A., Stamford If ill— laxentor.
(J. Kendall, Maker, Stamford Hill).
Two centripetal barrows.
37 BuRRELL, Charles, T/ietford, Norfolk— BeBigner
and Manufivcturer.
A six-horso power portable steam-engine, adapted for
driving a thrashing-machine, saw-mill, &c. It has an im-
308
Class 9,— AGHICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAIi
Ok thk South Side : Areas N. O. 1 ; P. Q. It, 1 to 27.
[United
proved tubular boiler and reversible motion. The speed
can be varied irom 90 to 110 revolutions per minute, with-
out stopping the engine. The following cut represents
this engine.
Burrell'a iSix-hone Portable Stpam Engine.
Registered miichine for making hurdles or gates. It
consists of a circular saw bench, fitted with a machine for
boring and morticing at the same time. An extra frame
is also supplied for putting the hurdles or gates together;
it is also adapted for morticing posts for fencing. This
machine is represented in the annexed cut.
Burrell'i Hurdlu-makinK Machine.
Registered gorse-cutting and bruising machine. It fii-st
cuts the gor.->o a.", chiiff, and then pusses it through one
pair of rollers, one of which luus a pressure, by means of a
leverage, of four tons weight. It is also litted with an
extra hopper when used for crushing. This apparatus
is shown in the cut.
A thrashing-machine, with straw-shaker attiwhed, in-
vented, improved, and manufactured by the exhibitor.
This machine is upon double cairiagos, and is well
adapted for a portable steam-engine.
Hurrell's Rtgistered Oofse-cutting and Bruising Macliine.
A spirit-level, for laying draining-pipes or tiles, in-
vented by John Matthews, and improved by the exhibitor.
118 Stf.evens, Wm. Dan., 157 //A/A JMborn. — Inventor.
Model of a new plan for an agricultural railway, with &
new engine for the same, without steam or horse power,
and Ciu-riages, trucks, &c., for fm-ming purposes.
,18a Armitage & Company, Muuschole Purge —
An improved plough.
,S8n Murphy, D. J., Chamlier of Cvmmercc, Cnrh —
Inventor.
Model of the Archimedean agricultural machine for
cutting, turning up, and pulverising the soil, so a.s to
prepare it in the one operation for receiving the seed,
and thereby economising much of the time, labour, and
expense heretofore incun'ed. It can be worked eitlior
by steam or horse jiowei', and even, on a roluced scale,
by manual, for horticultural pui-poses.
41 Elliott, John, .%«</i(i»i/)<o«— Inventor.
Deodorizing water-closet.
Model of farm buildings.
Mr.dul of cottages for labourers.
Portable draining level.
Specimens of clay tubes, for building roofs and walls of
cottages, farm buildings, &c. Manufactured in 1848, at
the brick and tile works of the Duke of Richmond.
41a Fvfe, William Wallace, 30 Hamilton rUwc,
Ivlinhtirgh — Inventor.
Syplion apparatus, for the washing of sheep, and for
im|)Voving the growtli of wool by the copious application
of jiure water.
[Though employed in a rude form in the case of
Canadian sheep or store farming, the use of the syplinn
in tMs country is unknown in sheep-washing, a jiroccsa
whieh i.s performed either by "leaping" or "loiigli-
handiing" the animals, to thoiv great injury and tliat
of the wool. There is reason to believe that the fieo
application of water, promoted by the use of this
apparatus, will improve the woolly fibre, by precluding
irivgular growth, and the formation nf knots or joints,
besides conducing to the health of the shee]). A pveju-
dice exists against giving water to sheep, yet the necessity
of wtvshing is admitted.]
[United
This appamtus
Br attachoi], in-
</ the exliibitor.
8, and is well
KlXUDOM.]
MACHINES AND IMl'LEMKN'TS.
On the South Si: 'c : Areas N. O. 1 ; P. Q. K. 1 to 'J7.
nm
ing Mnchine.
as or tiles, in-
y the oxliibitor.
orn. — Inventor,
railway, with a
)r horse power,
rposos.
\e Forge—
rcc, Cork —
,1 machine for
soil, so iu< to
ing the seed,
le, labour, and
worked oitlier
reduced scale,
■entor.
)f8 and walls of
•ed in 1 8+8, at
chmond.
7/0)1 1'hce,
ihoep, and for
lus application
the case of
of the syphon
ling, a process
or "rough-
jury and tliat
that the free
use of this
l)y precluding
Kits or joints,
ep. A proju-
the necessity
42 Slioht, J., 34 Leith Walk, Edinburgh —
Manufacturer.
A Tweeddale Bubsoil trench plough; an improvement
on Head's by the Marquis of Tweeddale.
The Tweeddale trench plough, invented by the same,
for the purpose of taking a furrow slice fourteen inches
(ieep as a precursor to the former.
Alodel of Hendei'son's patent Derrick crane.
43
Starkev, Thomas, Fdrt/tiiu/hoe, limchkn. North-
(iinpto)ishire — Inventor, Designer, and Maker.
Clod-crusher, ou travelling wheels, shifting into a plain
roller.
Telescope ladder, extending from six feet, to 2fi feet,
shifting into one, two, three or four ladders, and forming
a single or double flight of steps.
Ship-propeller, exhibited for simplicity and power.
Table, convertible into a bed or wardrobe, a suite of
drawers, a seat, a closet, &c.
Two tables, as specimens of British woods.
Seat, to shut-up, for the pocket.
t4 Race, Edward, Hererhn — Inventor and
Manufacturer.
Model of a new tipping waggon. This waggon has a
screw in the middle pole acting upon the fore-end of the
waggon, so that one man ciui tip the body, and discharge a
load of four tons weight.
45 QoLDiNo, Robert, J/uiitm, Miiidst^ie —
Manufacturer.
" Improved Grecian" beehive: constructed with bai's
or slips of wood, to which the combs are suspended, so as
to allow of their being extracted and returned uninjured.
Adapted either for making observations, or for taking the
honey without destroying the bees. A portion of the
hive, consisting of three bars, is removed, and a similar
piece, with combs attached, from another hive, substi-
tuted to show the arnuigement of the comb and mode of
action.
" Improved Ruber's leaf-hive," which opens in the
manner of a book, and admits (jf particular examination,
for the purpose of observii g the proceedings of the bees.
45a Golding, Edward, Hnrstbourne Prims, Ando'nr
Road — Inventor and Manufacturer.
Improved rolling barley chuniper. to break the beard
from the grain by rolling it backwanls and forwards over
the barley when spread on the floor. It.s etiects lu-e doubled
by inserting wires between and underneath the bars.
46
Davis, Thojias, Guy .?/. J\7c/(o/,(s, Warmcit —
Inventor.
The drum part of a registered thrashing-machine,
woriied by steam or hoi-se, adapted to tliriish all kinds of
;j;rain (leaving the straw for boltings or otherwise), with
revolving cluim, the circumference of which is formed oi
a sjiies of flutes or conci'.\e jilates, and tlie beaters at-
tached to the said drum una concave fixed in the interior
of the same cylinder in which the drum woiks. These
plates have teeth or sliarp-edgcd flutes on their faces.
The said teeth are not concentric with the axis of the
•Arum, but (regarded in tlie direction in which tlie drum
revolves) the second of each set advances on the hrst,
md the third ou the second.
47 Clayton, Henuy, Atlas Wii,-k<, xcur Dorset Squnre
— Inventor and Manufacturer.
Patent douVjlo action machine for screening tho clay
for the manufacture of all kinds of drainage pi]ios and
tiles, roofing and pavingtiles, and hollow or solid bricks;
it combines the vertical and horizontal plans of working.
This double-action machine is illustrated in the annexed
cut.
'Jlajtun's IJrick, Tile, nnd Pipe-making Machine.
Patent gi-atings and dies for cleansing elay, being '
perforated metal plates instead of wires or bar.<.
Cycloidal shape and other various improved draining
tools, for cutting the drains in every description of soils.
Patent drain consolidator and chaser, adjustable to every
depth of drain, for the tiles to be laid in. j
Working drawings (to scale), ftn* the erection of kilns, 1
drying sheds, &c. Improved plan for drying shelves, I
for drainage tiles, pipes, hollow and solid bricks. Speci- j
mens of common and other tiles, and of Roberts' patent
bonded hollow bricks.
48 Morrison, John, & Pon, />'■"'/, Scotlimd —
Producei's.
Four bulbs of golden yellow turnip, ami sample of I
seed, which have been cultivated iu Banll'shire and Aber- i
deenshire for several yeac-a. Four bulbs Aberdeenshire,
or Gordon yellow turni)), and sa)aplo .seed. Four bulbs
of Williamson's Swedish turnip, and sain i' J of deed.
Four bulbs of Birchroiub yelhnv turnip, um sam /e of
seed, which produces heavy crops on poor soils.
48a Palmer, Richard, liideford, Devon -hwenior anc.
Manufacturer.
Machine for cutting, and reducing to a pulp, turni;.*,
carrots, inangokl-wurzcl, potatoes, &c., and mixing meal,
if required. This machine may also bo applied to grinding
apples for cyder.
49 Drummond & Sons, .?^V//».7— Proprietors.
A grubber or cultivator, made by Mr. Lewis Potter,
Pothkennar, near Stirling. The principal iin))rovement
'M
jOiricivi. li.M iiiATin ('.vrAi,o<uE.
F,
f
J fl
i
oil lll(J Hfot, In "aihsh iiicws, Doiore the evening, where
it remains 'jr mouths, free from heat and injury, until it
suits the gi'ower to house or otherwise dispose of it.
Each mow contains generally about -lOO sheaves.
[In wet harvests it is desirable to adopt some method
for keeping the out corn as dry as possible, in order to
avoid sprouting and other injury. In the north of Kurope
light frames are erected in the field, on which the sheav ^a
are placed with their heads downwards, and the top ridge
is then lightly tliatched; or hurdles may be set uj),
inclined towards each other at any desired angle, and the
sheaves placed on them in layers and then thatched. In
many counties in England the practice is to pi't up a
cert'.in number of sheaves to form a stack, which is
"capped" or "headed" by other sheaves placed on it with
their heads downwards. In Northumberland a practice
still exists called "gaiting." — A single sheaf is taken; the
band is tied higher up t' an us- "'• the butt, by a pecu-
liar moveinei't of the kmat., -a spread out, and the
sheaf is then set up by itself. By thus separii'-ng the
straw the wet does n >i 'idge so much as it i^lierwise
would do. The practi of making " airish mows" has
generally declined, even in Cornwall and Devon: — f..naller
mows are now made in the form of a conical heap, ami
containing about a load of si -^aves. Tlie object in all, is
to protect the corn from wet, and at ihe same time to
secure a good ventilation.— J. W.] ;
5.3 CooCH, Josin'A, Ilarlestm, near Northampton^
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Patent machine for winnowing or dressing com and
seeds.
Barley hummellor, for breaking off tlie haiUni oi' l>.^«iit
OOBlckkord,T., &Go.SLING,W.,//(//;/(t"W Farm, Wm-ip-nr,',
llcnleji-un ■ T/icwics — Inventor and Manufacturer.
Model of a circular mowing and tedding machine, drawn
on throe wheels, by one horse, regulated with a lover by
tha driver, according to the nature of the laud. Tlio
mowing machine can be u.sed with or without the tedder.
01
RoDENHunsT, \V. & J., Market Draijton —
Manufacturer.
Coxi.pound screw and lover cheese-press, having more
power than the ordinary rack and pinion press, and there-
fore requiring a less weight and a shorter lever.
L ly cr straw cutting machine.
02 Gill & Ward, Oxford — Manufacturers.
Improved portable copper steam generator, witli force
pump and supply-cistern, complete.
Two iron vessels for boiling or steaming food.
03 Watt, James, Bicinnr, Smtlnnd — Improver aud
Manufacturer.
Improved broad-cast sowing-machine, for grain and
grass seeds, having jointed seed-chests, adapted fni- i>a.is-
ing gates, and the small wlieel behind for e.ise in working,
and saving of th<i grain. Drawn by one hoifle, and sow-
ing from ;tO to ;t."i aci'es per day. This niacluno is it'[)ro-
sented by a side elevation in the annexed cut.
\Vait,'f. Iiri)ud-.*a .( .'^, wiiig Mrtcliine.
same time, four times the space which the present irons
pass over. Should the hooka become fnsteued at the
bottom of the river, they will strnighten. The hnngiug-
chiiin with the hooks will detect a body lying behind a
rock or large stone. It is made to take into pieces, so
that it can be easily repaired.
60 Jolly, Joseph, Vule of Ai/lcsbiin/ — Manufacturer.
Churn and stand ; large and small milk-pails ; oval
butter-tub; butter prints and boards; milk-strainer.
70 Jennison, Jons, Frodinpliiini, Dnffield, Vorksltin'—
Inventor.
Yorkshire corn stacks, showing tho position in which
sheaves are laid.
Staok level, to a.ssist the stack -builder.
Hedge models, &c.
72 Hart, Charles, Wimtnae — Inventor.
A registered universal portable grinding-mill. The
first part consists of two jilates, with steel cutters, tlie
bottom one running horizontally; the gi-ain. in piuwmg
tlu'oup;h which, is split into small pieces ; it is then oon"
veyed between two stones, one stationary and tlio other
runuiug vertically, where it is reduceii to fine meal.
72a Phillips, O., //■i);()»-.iH-//,f-;/iV/— Manufocturer.
Improved collateral Ijoohive, made of wood, glas.^, and
zinc. In this hive, tho bees do not swnrm, nor reijuii'e
to be destroyed to take the honey ; and tho proRi-oss
of their work can at any time be ascertained without
danger.
7li Fhaxce, AucHiKALi), ■'^/iV/i/w;— Mauiitiicturer
and IV'signor.
A drill-plougli for gi-eon crops.
A green-crop grubber.
from the outer to the imier edge, so that a clod, being
squeezed in, will necossai'ily fall into the interior, and be
broken.
Mill for mixing provender, and preparing manures for
drill -sowing. The rollers are composed of double-toothed
lings, working into each other; with strong gearing,
heavy fly-wheel, with brass bushes, and hard-wood frame.
Goi-se-cutting machine, with eight knives, fixed on a
cylinder, which revolves in bra.ss beaiings, with fluted
rising feed rollers, and case-hardened cutting plate.
Mill for kibbling or crushing beans, oats, ftc, on hard-
wood frame, with cnse-hardened diagonally machine-
fluted rollers, woi'king in brass bushes. The feed ap-
paratus is regulated by a screw from behind.
Oilcake crusher, for crushing oil or rape cake. The
rollers are composed of double-toothed rings, bored out,
and fitted with a key on a round shaft. It lias double
pickers for cleaning the rollers, and sliding bars, with
regulating screw in the centre, giving a parallel motion
to the roller.
7(i WooDBOURNE, J AMES, AVm/.s/c^, near Alton —
Mauufactiu'er.
Iron machine for bagging hops by pressure. The power
is obtained by one pair of wheels, rack, pinion, and
lever; and it is provided with an iron case, screw, and
step, for the reception of the bag, to prevent its being
torn by the pressure.
77 Peauce, AV., Poole, Dorset — Inventor.
Clod-crusher, cider-mill, gorae-cutting and bmising
machine, ploughs, &c.
78 G"LLETT, John, Brailcs, near S'lipston-on-Stour- -
Inventor and Manufacturer.
1 . Chaff eugine, for cutting hay and straw with double-
action knife, having two edges, cutting in its ascent and
descent; the apparatus which regulates the length of the
2 K .!
m,
370
Class 9.— AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL
On thk South Sidk : Areas N. O. I ; P. Q. R. 1 to 27.
* [United
oonsisH in the easy adjustment of the tine frame, by
means of lever and pulley.
A two-home iron swing-plough, made by Mr. John
Barrowman, of Saline, Fifoshire; with long handles and
short beam.
50 Nicholson, W. N., Xewark-on.Ti-ent — Inventci- and
Manufactui-er.
Oil-cake breaking machines.
Mill for gi'inding boi-ley, beans, &o.
Improved double blast corn-dres><ing or winnowing ma-
chine.
r>l Seaward, William, Onlton, Vri<*f/icW— Designer.
Tree remover, for transplanting lai-go slinibs and
trees.
[When the' earth has been removed round ^he roots
of the tree, so that a largo and compact ball kemaini),
the plate is placed as far \uider the ball as it will admit;
the longest ripe is then crooked on to the ring ut the
corner of th( plate at the furthest distance from the ball,
and p.vised jound the under part of it, until it returns to
the oppcito corner; the power is then applied to the end
of the ) ope, by which means the tree is easily removed to
the coi/ro of the plate in its erect position, and therefore
conveyed to iu; intended place.]
Tree supporter, to support cypre.'faei, arbor-vitao, and
shrubs, the brandies of wliich are liaMo to bo bent and
broken down by snow, &c.
62 Jones, Edward, liiS Lcadcnhail Street— Inventor.
"Airish mow," adapted to the prosetvatiou of corn in
the harvest-time of rainy sensous.
In Cornwall and Devonshire the fanners, when cuftiiig
their crops in unfavourable weather, oommence eaily in
the morning and have tbe produce of x.liola fields stacked
ou the spot, in "airish incws," bntore tlie evening, where
it remains 'n- months, free from heat and injury, until it
suits the gi'ower to house or otlierwise dispose of it.
Each mow contains generally about -.00 sheaves.
of barley, without injury to the com. It is also made
with a self-acting apparatus for feeding thb hopper.
Patent sack-holder, invented by Henry Uilbert, of St.
Leonard's-on-Sea, for opening the mouth of a saf:k whilu
being filled; with improvements by the exhibitor.
55 Adbott, Wm., Mleford, J)cv<'n — Inventor.
Common plough, diminished in weight and friction, by
the introduction of a wheel behind, and improved liy
raising the share, and continuing the iron-work of the
handles to the spill.
Machine or appanitus for drying malt.
56 Chenery, S., March Catnbs — Inventor.
Land-pressor, particularly adapted for fen-land.
56a Fbb9, Benjamin, 9 Loicer Terrace, rsUiyt(m-~
Designer.
Lady's garden rake, consisting of a hoe, spud, nn.l
rake, all in one, by which weeds may be extracted from
between closely-planted flowers, and the necessity of
treading on the flower-beds or stooping to pull them
up with the hand prevented.
57
Newberbv, W., JfuohiortoH, C/iippiiujtiortoii —
Inventor.
J<'ive-row dibbliu!,' machine.
58 RovCE, George, Flctland, Market Deeping — Inventor,
Patent solf-actiug rueing- sieve, which takes out of cuni
all sprouted, damaged, and mo\ildy kernels ; and dirt from
oats, wheat, or barley.
Patent smut-machine, and general corn-cleaner. Tlio
nli-aiiing power of this machine is duo to the operation of
tho revolving cylinder, which carries away dirt as soon a^
it is detached from the grain.
59 Whishaw, F., Jolin Street, Adelphl — Inventor.
A self-acting feeding-trough for poultry.
60Bl.0KFORD,T., &Go»LlNO, W.,/^;/.'../(i'W Farm, Wtr(jr<m;
JIrnlei/-<tn ■ Thames — Inventor and Manufacturer.
Model of a circular mowing and tedding machine, drawn
[Unitkd
KisnnoM.
It is also made
Ihb hoppor.
ry Uilljert, of St.
h of a am:k whilij
exhibitor.
Inventor,
t and friction, by
lUd improvetl by
iron-work of tlie
iventor,
fen-land,
Talington —
hoe, Bpud, mil
3 extracted from
lie nece.ssity of
to pull them
liiujnortoii —
pi",7 — Inventor.
Jtes out of corn
i; and dirt from
n-cleaner. The
the operation of
r dirt as soon as
-Inventor.
Fann, ll'dv/cnrc,
ufnctiuer.
inaoluiie, drnwii
MACHINES AND IMl'LKMIiNTH
On tiik South Sidk: Akkah N. (». I ; 1'. Q. K. 1 to 27.
871
d,') Bioa, Thomas, Leicester House, Orent Dover Street,
Stint liirark — Inventor and Manufacturer,
Improved apporatuR for sheep-dipping, which, with
the adaistance of five men, is capable of dipping 500
sheep per day. The annexed cut represents this apiiu-
ratuH,
Uiijg'H Sheep-dipping Apparatu^i
60 Oreen, T., 97 North Street, /.cci/.f— Manufacturer.
Wire aviary and ornamental scat,
()(iA Amos, Joseph, A'i'iii; Street, Bristol — Manufacturer.
Biu-rel-cliurn and stand of English oak, with improve-
mentH in the bung, vont-po;?, whey-tap, and gudgeons.
67 Shanks & Son, Arbro it/i, Forfar — Inventor,
Orass and hay-cutting machines.
68 WiiiTFiEi-D, James Alexander, Pclnw Staith,
neiir Gnti'she'id — Inventor,
Improved grappling or dredging-iron, for drawing from
the water the bodies of persons apparently drowned.
The improvement consists in its pa.«ising over in the
same time, four times the space which the present irons
pass over. Should the hooks become fastened at the
bottom of the river, they will straighten. The hnngiug-
chiiiu with the hooks will detect a body lying behind a
rock or larije stone. It is made to take into pieces, so
74 SiiERRiFF, Thomas, IVcst Cdow, ir Dimh.v —
Inventor.
1. A machine for sowing grain, being an improved drill,
2, A machine for dressing grain, being an improved
winnowing machine,
75 Bennett, Henrv, Liverpool — Manufacturer,
Model of a self-cleaning roller, for crushing clods, roll-
ing gi'owing crops, and freeing land infested with wire-
worm. The lings, of which the roller is composed, are
fastened by bolts running through bored bosses into the
solid ends. The contrivance for self-cleaning is elTected by
having two of the holes in each alternate ring larger than
the other, so as to allow half the roller parts to rise
twice in the revolution, sufficiently to cut out all clods
which may rise between them. The rings we also tapered
from the outer to the inner edge, so that a clod, being
squeezed in, will necossuiily fall into the interior, and be
broken.
Mill for mixing provender, and preparing manures for
drill ■BOwiiiP'. Tbp rollprs m-n nnmnoHP.rl nf .^r.nh1fl.tn>^fli»,1
872
Clam 9.— AGUICULTUHAL AND HORTICULTURAL
On the South Side : Arkah N. 0. 1 ; P. Q. R. 1 to 27.
[('sited
i
out, nnd iito|M the feed during the action of ttie knife ;
nud the doublo mouth-piece, by which the feed gets u
bearing en both MiileH, prevents the corners from betnic
left uncut. The annexed cut represents this chaff engine.
GiUett'a ClialT KnRiitie.
2. Patent chaff enjjine, with lever beam for horse power.
3. Model of a patent rick ventilator, for ventilating hay
and com ricks.
4. Mill for splitting, bruising, and grinding beans, oats,
and barley. In this mill there is but one roller which has
R double-action flute: by simply reversing the fly-wheel,
the different operations of splitting beans, and bruising
or grinding oats and barley, are perfonned.
5. Patent self-acting alarum gun, for preserving com,
fruit, and seeds from the depredations of birds or game
This machine consists of a barrel with twelve holes, to
contain as many chai'geM of powder ; one of which, by
means of clock-work, is discharged every hour, giving a
report as loud as a gun.
80 Swan, Robv,rt Francis, Dnrfnni, /Suffolk —
Inventor and Manuftcturer.
Model of a tipping waf^Ron (on a reduced scale). The
novelty consists in tlie three wheels, the looking, the
manner of tipping, the form, the concentration of the
weight or load upon one axletree near to the hoixos'
shoulders, nnd its adaptation to single or double shuftM.
It may be >i^ed as a two-wheel cart, by removing the hind
carriage-work.
81 Mackay, Wm. Henry, Smimni — Inventor.
Machine for mowing hay or cutting coi-n.
82
-Inventor and
Woods, Jajies, Ktmnnnrhet, Snffui/i
Manufacturer.
Registered iron-crushing and grinding mill, for linseed.
Bats, barley, Indian corn, rice, lentils, malt, &c. It
crushes and grinds separately, or does both at the same
time, a.s two distinct hoppers are provided, and noalteni-
tion of machinery is recpiirod. The crushing is per-
formed on the surface of n large wheel, 4 feet diameter,
in conjunction with a small roller, 7 inches di.imotor.
A steel roller is attached to the axis of the large wheel for
grinding beans and peas, so that friction from increased
bearings is avoided. The annexed c\it shows the form "f
this mill.
Woutk' Koi^itereil Crualiing ami lirinding Mill,
8U Cornes, Jasies, Burhrlilijc, noir Nimtnic/i, C/nvtcr
—Inventor and Maimfacturer.
Registered chaff-cutting machine, with three knives:
invented, and manufactured by the exhibitor. It is
applicable to hand, hoife, or steam power, and cuts five
different lengths of chaff; one length of 4 inches for
litter. The annexed cut represents this machine.
A chaff-cutting machine, with two knives.
Cornea' Registered ChalT-cutting Machine.
84 Roe, Freeman, 70 .5traH</— Manufacturer.
Four-horse portable steam-engine, for agricultural luid
other purposes.
85 SiiLi,AU, (jtEORGE, & SoN, Himtl'/, ncnr Aberdeen—
Inventors and Manufacturers.
Double mould, or drill plough, with improved mould-
boards. Swing plough.
8() James, John k Co., 24 LeadcnhM Street —
Manufacturers.
Patent weighing-machine, without loose weights; the
weights l)y which tlie goods are weighed being attached
to, and fonuing part of, the machine itself.
Three ton machine, or small patent weigh-bridge,
for weigliing carts, live cattle, and farm produce geneiiilly .
Six hundred-weight patent machine, for weigliing
sheep, pigs, &c.
Three hundred-weight machine, for weighing sacks
of corn, ite.
Machine fo,' weighing potatoes, turnips, and other root-
ii-ops in tiio tiiild.
KiNODOM.]
MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.
On the South Suik : Arkas N. O, I ; P. Q. H. 1 to 27.
37;J
87 Rowley, John J., Howthome, near C/iesterfleld —
Inventor.
Patent improved machine for dropping or depositing
pulverized 8ubHtanceH, 8uoh an peat, cnarcoal, bone-dust,
&c, , at any required diatanoe from 8 to 1 8 inches. Turnip,
rape, or mangold seed can be deposited with the manure.
Uegiatered corn-drcHsing niachme, with new motion in
separating com from the ohaffand short straw, aa delivered
from the thrashing-machine.
88 Drumhond, Pbtkb Uobert, VeyM— Inventor and
Manufacturer.
Anti-metallic table chums, with six actions. The base
Ih a bos for containing hot or cold water. Atmospherio
air ia carried down through the plunger staff. To the
larger size, any kind of animal power can be applied.
81) Read, Richard, 35 Het/ent Circus — Inventor and
Manufacturer.
New patent garden watering engine, fitted with an
improved metallic (jointed) tube. Horticultural machine,
with metal tube, &c. ; and syringe, with angle branch.
Stomach pump, in case, new patent. Aperitive fountain,
with reservoir, and metal tube. Injecting instruments
for removing obstructions in the bowels of horses and
other animals.
Improved hollow probangs for relieving hoven or choked
bullocks, calves, sheep, &c.
89a Blaikie, J., 71 fHochcett Street, Qhsijow —
Inventor.
Model reaping and mowing machine.
90 Wood, Q., Alnwick, Northumberland — Inventor.
Improved cottage beehive.
90a Holmes, J., 1 Wclliniiton Terrwe, Xewcnstlc-mi-Tyne
— Inventor.
Garden-seat and plant stands.
91
Brown, David Stephens, 2 Alexandrian Lodije,
Old Kent Soad — Improver.
Patent instrument for fumigating plants, to destroy
insects, &c. Tobacco is placed in the magazine at top,
nnd lighted, in the same manner as an ordinary smoking
pipe. A draught of air is produced for its combustion
by the revolutions of a fan, which draws the smoke in at
one part of the cylinder, and drives it forcibly out at
another, in a cool state, concentrated, and in ony direc-
tion. In fumigating turnips, orchards, &c., other moist-
ened aubstancea may be substituted for tobacco. The
annexed cut shows the form of this apparatus.
Brown's lUent Fumigator.
91a Jordan, Thomas, lUlkrioni, Essex — Inventor
and Manufacturer.
Improved plough.
02 Pkttit, Wyatt John, Smlburi/, ttuffnth —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Temple beehive, fi'om which the huuey may be taken
without destroying the bees. This beehive la represented
in the annexed cut.
I'ettit's Temple lieehive.
The construction is intended to effect the total ex-
cluaion of drone bees from the aurplua, or glaas hives ;
to give convenience for ventilation ; to supply a simple
method of taking glass hives when filled, together with
convenience for observation ; and to prevent the necessity
of swarming.
Collateral beehive, possessing all the advantages of the
temple hive, with the addition of a surplus-box placed
collaterally, and intended for the inside of an ai}iary.
92a Nunn, Alicia, 2a Welbeck Street, Cavendish Square
— Inventor.
A new self-cleaning solid pulp-blotting roller; a hand
instrument for drying ink or colour writings.
New chemical churn, and apparatus for churning butter ;
ii new process by which butter is preserved from becoming
rancid.
93 Mauychurch, Joseph, Jlnierfrirducat, Suuth
VI ' ( les — Manufact urer.
Winnowing-machine. The blast ia concentrated, and
the machine occupies but little space. The riddles may
be placed in vai-ious positions, to suit different qualities
of grain; they rise and fall independently of the case,
which moves only in a lateral direction.
Chaff-cutter, having the fly-wheel placed on a transverae
spindle on one side of the trough, and giving at the cut-
ting end a circular motion to the knives; it has three
I'ollors, all worked by one compound -wheel. The mouth-
piece is serrated above ond below, and its lower jaw is
moveable, being acted upon by a flexible lever working
iVom the fly-wheol shaft. In con.sequence of the knives
Ijeing placed on a spindle, insteail of being thrown round
within the area of the fly-wheel, they are reduced in size,
iuid less power is required to work tliom. Thfi fly.
.vheul is also K'tuated alongaido of the trough, and a
oase is fitted over the knives and geai-work.
Turnip-cutter, formed of a cylindrical barrel, on which
i\w large kuivea fur slicing are placed in a diagonal
po.sition. The small knives for cutting strips (whioh are
iilso diagonal) are fixed upon moveable segments, and
attached to the barrel directly under the large knives.
874
Ci,A8B «.— ACMUCIILTUIIAL AND HOUTIClJLTUKAr,
(»N THE South Sidk ; Aukah N. O. 1 ; J'. '}. U. 1 to 27.
fl-N
ITKI)
1(4 Law, II., S/ti'tllotiin, fif/iisi/oir— InviMitur.
A I'lirm ciki't, iriin plough, and luixUit ttiin-wriHt plough.
00 C'noWl.KV JltSoNi, Niiir/iort I'di/iiell, lincki —
luvoutoi'H ikud Mnnufiwtui'ur8.
One-hoi'Btt ciii't, with nuw tipping iipimratuit, Huuiuri.
Oue-hordo uui\tji'i«ul boo.
l»8
Dhouik, William, Ainln'i; Scutliiml,
A ro^eixturod dmiii-tile and ]iipu-niaoliine, Thiu
uiauliinu in driven by litiMiiu or hoiue-power, and wlien
wrouglit at a Hpued by whiuh two woniun take away thi'
I)ipes, niakiiH from 10,000 to l:J,UOO two-incli pipos p>r
day. By putting tlie rope wliioh iH attoulted to the driving-
power on a smaller pulley, to bring up the speed, the pro-
duce is from lii.OOO to 18,000 i)ii)t<s in 10 hours, Various
Bi/fs of ( ' s .md pipes, for leading drains, can also be
miule whoa reiiuirc ! By putting on a set of grating
dies, this iimchine is capablo of uloaning the stones from
clay, after using through a pug-mill, sutfluieut to make
from lfi,000 to 'JOiiMMj two-inch pipes per day.
99 Clark, Juun, A'irktmt Blimtijre, by Jlainiltm,
HcutliinJ — Manufacturer.
Plough. _
100 Ihtvsck, It., Caniuirt/ien — Inventor.
Beehive \' tilator.
101 Epi's, W.M. Jaies, ^ttlill.^to}ie — Inventor.
Machino for till ciwin' ,iiurofsulpiiur upoii hurtieulturid
ud agricultural cropd, for tlie purpose of de-itroying
ilio mould or mildew.
The hopiHjr contains the sulphur, and at the bottom is
placed a bo*: C' ■ ' lining a sieve; throuijli the box is a spin-
dle, attnr'ied I .1 spring and lever outside the hopper,
and the whole is fixed before a fan-blower: the brass
wheel (waich movis tiie latter) catches the lever attached
to tiie box in the hopper, and causes an oscillating luid
tapping m tion, which <'h:. ihe sulpluir into the au'-
chamber of the blower; whence it is blown in ono con-
inuud cloud with ^rreat fon e.
103 Bbii:<;s, T., DeHli-i, I'uttery, Derbi/ahtri; —
Manufacturer.
Improved bcbiiivo.
10-4 Ponton, Okoboe, hrtmijefnot, Linlil/ujuw, ScotUmil- -
Maiiufact\irer.
Improved two-horse swing-plough, for lea luid genei 1
purposes.
Two-hor;ii' plough, for forming drills; i-educed in
draught, and adapted foi' any soil.
New one-row bean-sowing machine, which can bo
thrown out of geai' at the turnings, to save labour.
All invented, or iniproved and made by the exhibitor.
105 Thompson, GeoucE, 18 Great Qwiyje St., Weatminatef
— Inventor.
Patent maiihine for digging and turning over earth,
which may also be used as a cultivator or scarifier, by
substituting one or mor'j hoes or coulters, in place of each
spade.
Working model of part of another digging-machine, of
a lighter construction; to be worked in a similar manner,
but having only one row of spades; for use on light soils,
and adapted for forming broad or nai'row ridges.
100 Halsteau, Charlbs, & Sons, Chichester — Inventors
and Manufiicturers.
Improved iron ploughs, either for light or heavy soils.
Improved oil-cake breaker, niaile entu-ely of iron.
107 Sewell & Co., Lriivjtoini, Ciinilierliin't, and 30 Sprini/
Street, Jfiiile J'urk — Manufacturein.
Netherby plough, designed to cut, displace, and leave
in a proper position, furrows of various widths ami
dopthson moderately stitTsoilit, wliere the more "springy"
action of a lighter plough increiu<' ' the traction, and
<luterlorates the apimiranco of the woik douu.
It is sulllciently strong for almost anysoil, bin <>rviiiv
stiff clays, it retiuirea another form of mould nlate; for,
like other tools, ploughs should bo miule for then' assigned
duty, to prevent Usappuintmont to the farmer.
On observing three or more oxen dniwiiig a single sur-
f.ict) jdoiigh, it is diflicidt to resist the conclusion, that
oidy from some constructive or other romcdiablo error,
can 80 nn ' ^ <<wor be re<piired to displace a snukll (pnui-
tity of So' I Mii a few inches. This will appear mure
clearly, by comparing the useful eH'oct of a burse in draw-
ing a waggon and in drawing u plough. The tnictivu
power of a horse is about l.'iO lbs., which gives 4,')0 Ilis.
for three horsis The friction of a w-Aggon on a road is
from 72 to 90 lbs. per ton, which, Uiken at the highest
'"ttimate, gives five tons that the three boraes ouuld draw
on a good i id.
Now, if ,1 'ut a cubic foot of earth be in motiim at
once in plou. >>ing, and, with the plough, weighs -say
370 lbs., it gives the comparison - ivs 370 lbs. is to li\o
tons, or as one is to thirty, so is the pmciiciil ofl'ect iu
ploughing; to tmction on a road. Thirty to ono is a dis-
crepancy so wide, that it should induce the matter to be
seriously considered by those who till their soil at smh
a great cost of power, increased by not unfrequeutly more
than one guide.
The principal resistances in ploughing are, the quiescent
tenacity of the soil, and its rubbing friction along the
mould-plate. The first is the most important; for since
the friction of a body at rest is much greater than its
moving friction, it follows, that in a well-formed mould-
plate, the rubbing friction of the soil can only be limited.
To start, displace, and replace the soil with loust power,
are therefore the re-piisites of a gooil plough.
These (|Uiilitie8 obtained, a few pounds more or loss
weight in the implement itself could make no material
difference; as the lu^tual weight should depend upon the
nature of the soil to be removed. The attachment of the
tractive power, however, is of iniportanco; since it should
bo in, or iw near to the direct line of the gi'eatest resist-
ance, as is practicable. The greatest resistance will be
between the cutting edge of the coulter and that of the
sliiiio which fairly starts the soil into motion, as is testi-
fied by the greater wear of these iiarts. Since this pniut
is near the laud side, it is evident that horaos walking In
the previously displaced furrow are pulling at an alible of
.<cvei;il inches from the land, requiring some compensat-
ing resistance to keep the plough to the land.
When one horse, however, is attached on each side,
and as near to the line of resistance as they can be, tluir
angular traction balances each other, and results in their
combined force forming a diagonal line of traction in the
direct line of resistance, requiring loss power and less
guidance to produce straight uuiform furrows.
The Netherby plough seeks to lessen resistance by tlio
ariti-frictioual curvature of the mould plate, allowing tlie
displivced soil to |iress with loss intensity over a larger
sui'face, thereby preventing abrasion; and by the attach-
ment of one hoi-se on each side of the line of resistance,
as sulKcicnt power for all ordinary surface work.
108 Uekvks, Thomas, Uobert, & John, Dratton,
WefHinrij, ll'iV/s— Manufacturers.
Patent liipiid manure-distributing cart. The liipiid is
distributed by means of revolving troughs, which throws
it on two sloping b,.ards or iqirons, whence it falls on the
land in a thin or Jiick sheet, as may be reipiircd; the
cistern may also bo turned up to empty itself, by turning
a li.iiidle.
Patent liquid manure drop-drill; it works on the saino
priiiiipli^ as the preceding, by means of a succession of
small buckets, which throws the liquid into tulies, into
which the seed is conveyed from a seed-box. It drills
the .seed and liquid, either at intervals or continuous, as
may be ivqiiiicd.
KiSOPOM.]
MAC'HINKS AND IMPLKMKNTS.
On tiik Houth Side : Akeah N. 0. 1 ; P. g. H. 1 to 27.
376
it works on the .samo
Ills of 11 siicco«rti(]ii (if
iquid into tulieH, inln
a weeil-box. It drills
vals or continuou.-i, as
Those rnacliinoH wore Invented by Mr. Tlioinoa C'hivn-
(llor Aldboiinio, lliiiif^orforil, Korku; luul wure iuipro -A
mid iiuuiiifiictiirud h\ tlio oxhibitur,
100 Maynaud, Honcur, W liittlffuni, w<u' Ciimbruiije —
Invuiitor Htid Mimufuotiiror.
llnivorHnl uil-cake rriMhur; exinbltud for now iirraiixo-
muiit of^oar, conibiniiitf NtroM^th and Niiii|)lioity of work-
inn ["irtH. Iteuont im|uiiveiii«iiitH hovo ivduood U. 'i friotion,
ami ruiidered tlio nuuliiiio better adijitod fur preimrin^f
tlio oako for feodiuK i)uriioauR,
lliigino for drawiiiff clover and trefoil seed*, inventnd
by Mr. (Jonntablo, of ' ' vmbridge, and uiomfacturod by
tiiu iixliibitor. Thin luachiue in for Hopurating the himk
or hull from the sood, which it docs at the rate of about
two orthree biiahola of clover uaod, and about double that
quantity of trefoil need, per hour, when worked by four
horHes.
Woighing-mochiiu', for nHcortaining tlio weight of any
article from a quarter •( a pound up to twonty stone.
IO'JaCottam & HAi,i.r:N, \Viii.il,ji t<tn
Manufai'turors.
Pipe-tile niaoliine. WinuowiiiK' m ■
chatt'outter. SnIiHoil plouKh. Two v
Skiin or paring plouf^h. IJnivursal i
and manure drill. Uat brui.-icr. '
il -Inventoiii and
bine. Litter and
' '■' -"winu; plouKli.
t)uo-roWHcod
mure pump.
Hand-power gauge. Odometer. t.j,iiameutal cant-iron
VUSBH.
Set of Htable flttinga, viz., rack, manger and watei
trough, enamelled. The annexed cut repruituntii the^e
tittings.
Cottnm anil llallpii'd Knami-llcd Statili' Pitiliif^,
WrougUt-iron basins, onaniolliid. ("a-st-iron ventilators.
Improved horso-pot for stables. Cast-iron dog trough.
Wrought-iron circular and corner hay-racka. Cast-iron
mangers for centre and corner of stall. Sot of draining
tools. Cast iron rick stand. Stand of patent metallic
churns.
Lawn mowing mnchino. Level for agricultural drain-
ing. Circular saw-table for ogricultund purposes. Ser-
rated chain harrow. Well-boring tools. Indian corn
tlu'ashing-machine.
110 Cakson, IL, Wiirinimiti'i; Wilts — Manufacturer.
Soarilier, invented and nuunifactnred by the exhibitor.
Tills implement has seven shares or tines, of which there
are two sets, broad steel shares and couching tines, for
cutting, breaking, and pulverizing the soil. The shares are
easily fixed into the frame by means of a wedge. The
frame containing the shares is raised or lowered by means
of a lover, at a single opoi-ation; and by tho stop for
regulating llie lever, uniform depth of work is ol.t mind.
I'ateut turnip-cutter, by Kdmund Moody, of Maiilen
nradley.
Cheese press, with double lover; constructed with a
compound lever and screws. The screw, which is of
wrought-iron, can uo easily adapted to any dcptli of
cheese.
A set of six harrows, adapted for wot lands, which can
bo adjustetl to tho width of any ridgo, whilst tho horses
walk in the furrow. Their form is piu'uliar, tho frame
of each being forged into one piece, and the tines are so
arranged that each follows in a distinct track.
112 Parsons, Jamios, Cr.iirn h;i,m, st.im/wd Hill
— Inventor ami Maker.
Model of a digging-machine, for breaking up the ground
in an efficient manner, and at a small expense.
1 14 HAvwAnn. ii\,v», Crtwkcme, Simi^ntt—lwiewUtt and
Manufacturer.
Plough, with drllliug-mochine attached, wlajitod for
sowing all kinds "f '- u ami turnip-sood, particularly in
a dry season, wit). ithoiit dry uiauure.
11 J BuTi.iw, William, A'/r</i((Hip<(yH Designer and
ManufaotiMiir.
Kour-hurae powei portable steain-englue.
1 16 Hv)ixiE8, John, & Sons, 16 WintinDreUmd Strfet,
Ihihlin — Manufacturers.
Improved safety kettles, with valvea on the spouts,
to pi-cvont Bcidding.
Improved steaming apparatus, for dressing food for
cattle.
117 Havbs, James, Eltun, Jfuntmiil tiuliire—DeHignw,
Inventor, and Manufa'it'irpt
Orinding-mill, adapted tostoam o.' '.u i < ;.■ ■ 'f»r, which
makes I'.'O revolutions per minute, an ■ iSiUii » three
horses to draw it; adapted to grind itiu'li/ .nln ^o''t meal
for pigs, and to split beans.
1 19 HuNTEn, W. & J., Samiielston, IlndiUnfiton. Scotland
^Inventors and Manufacturers.
Lever grain drilling-machine, ha\ini< the gauge sepa-
rate from the shut, or stopping of the -eed ; also having a
horizontal marker.
1 20 SlIOLL, Jamks, 33 lamh Street, Sjiital St/nure
— Inventor.
Castle beehive, as in use at the royal farm, Windsor.
Observatory beehive, on tho principle of taking pure
surplus honey without destroying the bees. Qlaasea of
honey taken from one observatory hive loot season,
121 Olovkr, William, M'/inciWi— Manufacturer.
One-horse cart for general purposes.
1 22 Mavnabd, John, & Son, liedfonl — Designers
ond JIaiuifacturers.
Lnproved Beil ford »1 lire one-horse cart, having the body
without either slot or mortice ; motinted on an improved
iron axle. Tim wheels are made with an improved iron
hub, oak spokes, and ash felloes, patent lialf-round hoop
tiro. The side and front raves oi'e fixtures, broad, and
set nearly flat, so that the load may bo carried up wide
and square ; the side raves, being arched over the wheels,
admit of the body lying direct on the axle, bringing the
floor of the cart near the ground, which is an advantage
in draught and loading. The shafts, being bent, bring
the body level when at work. It is fiu'uishcd with an
iron regulator, of simple construction, which is used
when emptying manure in small heaps upon the land, or,
when descending steep hills, it is fitted with hind and
front ladders. Constructed to can-y oO cwt. with one
horse.
122a Servici:, W., 8 Jlutlaml Ternue, Ilomsei/ Rmd,
Itnllowi'tij — Inventor.
Archhuedcan sifting machine. The filling and discharg-
ing appamtus consists of a spiral passage foi-med through-
t)ut the length of a wire cylinder, and revolving with the
cylinder; and an arrangement fur varying the action of
the sifter.
123 Weir, Edward, '^'>\. O.'fnnl Street — Inventor
and Manufacturer.
Irrigator liquid manure pump, fire, and garden-engine,
with hose and hose reel. As a fire-engine it will throw
■JO gallons of water per minute to a height of 40 feet
from the end of the nozzle.
Improved draining level; the level is found by means
of the spirit tube. It stands on three legs, requiring no
driving into the ground or fixing, and when once adjusted
to its level by means of the regulating screws, it may be
turned in any direction ; the most convenient fall or
IMAGE EVALUATION
TEST TARGET (MT-3)
1.0
1.1
11.25
1^12^ Hi
■^ liii 12.2
us
llUSi
^
.^ ^#i
</
^
'^>''-^*
PhotDgraphic
Sciences
Corporation
23 WEST MAIN STREET
WEBSTER, N.Y. 14SS0
(716)872-4503
";j^^^^
'^
%"-
^
<°
.\
o^
«7«
Class 9.— AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL
On thk South Side : Abkas N. O. 1 ; P. Q. R, 1 to 27.
[United
outlet for the drain may then be easily found, without
the instrument requiring any re-adjustment. The index
tells off immediately the rise or fall in inches, in every
yard. ^
123a Usher, James, Edinbunjh — Inventor.
Model of patent locomotive steam-plough . The novelty
consists in reversing the action of the ploughs, and
making them rotatoi-y. The ploughs revolving behind
the carriage act as propellers. This model is represented
iu the annexed cut.
Ualiet'a Patent Locomotive Steam Plough,
A h are the front wheels, which are turned on a pivot
by a rack and screw; B e are a series of revolving ploughs
behind the engine, which, while at work, propel the car-
riage; Op is a spur-wheel, driven by pinion P, which
gives motion to the ploughs; O i is a frame which is
moved up and down by the rack, Im, by means of which
the ploughs ai'e elevated or depressed at pleasure.
123b Jones P., Hiqh Street, Fulham — Proprietor.
Portable hand garden-engine, with the cylinder so con-
structed that it forms an air-vessel, and forces the water
in a continuous stream upwards of forty feet.
U4:
Ranwheb & May, fpstcich — Inventors and
Manufacturers.
Patent iron ploughs ; double breast or moulding
ploughs; West Indian, double furrow, universal, broad
share, and subsoil ploughs ; trussed whippletrees ; Bid-
dell's scarifier; Indian cultivator; com and seed-dropping
machine ; portable steam-engine ; fixed steam-engine ;
thrashing-machines; cane-top cutter; crushing-mill; oil-
cake breaker; barley awner ; chicory cutter ; Scotch cart,
Ac.
124a Dofaur, Harrv, & Co., 21 lied Lion Square —
Proprietors. Dr. S. Newington, Inventor & Patentee.
Agricultural implements : — Eight depositor hand-dibble,
for all kinds of corn, pulse, ftc. The cups drop any
required number of grains in each hole. The same, on
wheels; each box will shift to any required distance.
Hand-cultivator and drill-hoe, which, by adjusting
long or short slots, can be used between rows of any
width; for stirring or cultivating the land, the tines only
are used; for hoeing, shares suited to the width of each
row are fitted on the tines. To the frame can also be
adjusted coulters for drawing furrows for different depths;
also potato-moulder with expanding wings.
Single-horse subsoil plough and pulverizer with shares
for paring and hoeing, either on the ridge or flat. When
used as a subsoil pulverizer, three strong chisel-shaped
tines adjustable to any depth, are fitted behind one
another in the wrought-iron beam in such a way as to
pulverize the whole space, after the furrow slice haa been
removed. When used as a hoe, a slot is attached to the
beam, to which two of the tines are fitted, shifting in the
slot to any required width. To these tines shares of any
width can be adjusted. By removing the shares, a cul-
tivator or stirrer is formed. By removing the slot and
shares, and su^usting to the beam a strong coulter with
expanding wings, the implement forms a moulding-
plough for striking out furrows; also for earthing up
potatoes, ko.
Hand dibble-drill with three shifting boxes, fitted with
cups suited for all seeds.
Hand implement for distributing pulverized artificial
manures, intended to supersede the broad-casting by
hand, of guano, soot, nitrate of soda, Ac. ; also usefiil for
dusting with lim^, wheat infested with slug, or turnip
infested with the flea or fly; it is also made for horse-
power of any width.
[The refreshment of autumn-sown wheat ui spring, by
the application of artificial manures in powder over the
surface of the field, is an improvement extending among
good farmers. The pri^.ciple of Dr. Xewington's machiue
for this purpose was approved at the Exeter meeting of
the Royal Agricultural Society. — Ph. P.]
Horse dibble-drill, with six shifting boxes and manure
distributor attached; it depobits any kind of seed at defined
distances in the furrows, and any required quantity per
acre according to the size of the cups used; and any
number of grains can be deposited at each drop ; with
an apparatus for distributing artificial manures beneath
the seed in any required quantity.
Single-horse cultivator, with fittings for hoeing.
124b Cowan, Hugh, Corstorphine, Edinburgh — Inventor
and Manufacturer.
Self-cleansing two-horse grubber,
125 Paxton, J., Ealing, near Brentford — Inventor.
A registered improvement on water-power, for grinding
com, &c. _______
126 RoDiNSON, WiixiAM, //«/sAa/n — Inventor and
Manufacturer,
Corn-dressing machine, for dressing, blowing,, hariffing,
and blowing and hariffing combined, for the tise of
millers or farmers.
Hariff machine, for cleaning wheat.
Patent straw-shaker, for separating com from straw;
consisting of a series of flaps, or flys, that revolve and keep
parallel to each other; it beats and propels the straw,
and turns the com to the floor.
127 Wedlake, Mary, & Co., Fairkytea Works, and 118
FcHchurch Street, City — Manufacturers.
A furze or gorse-bruising machine for hand or horse-
power.
A new machine, called the Utilitarian, properly re-
gistered, for cutting straw into chaff, and for bruising
oats, peas, lentils, barley, and linseed; both operations
at unce, or alternately, for hand-power, represented in
the annexed cut.
A fixed steam-engine for farming operations, complete,
with boiler, occupying but the space of two square feet.
A simple and effective chaff-cutter, for hand-power, A
smaller one,
A simple and effective chaff-cutter, for horse-power.
A small oat, pea, barley, and linseed crusher.
A double and single-action turnip-cutter, invented by
the late Mr. Thomas Wedlake, which, by reversing the
action of the wheel, cuts for either beast or sheep, viz.,
large slices, or small pieces for sheep.
An improved Scotch cart, particularly light and hand-
some, with ladders complete, so as to be used as a dung
or harvest ciirt.
An improved haymaking-machine, with double action,
for throwing up the hay and then tedding or spreading it
about.
A general mill, bruising all kinds of grain or pulse.
A very powerful oil-cake breaker.
Light and heavy wood and iron han'ow^, differently
constructed.
Kingdom.]
MACmXES AND IMPLEMENTS.
On the South Side : Areas N. 0. 1 ; 0. P. Q. 1 to 27.
877
tinea shares of any
i; the shares, a oul-
Doving the slot and
strong coulter with
brms a moulding-
so for earthing up
pulverized artificial
I broad-casting by
fto. ; also useful for
ith slug, or turnip
0 made for horse-
wheat ui spring, by
in powder over the
it extending among
ewington's machine
) Exeter meeting of
P.]
; boxes and manure
nd of seedatdefined
[uired quantity per
ips used; and any
,t each drop; with
1 manures beneath
1 for hoeing.
Knburgh — Inventor
ford — Inventor,
power, for grinding
-Inventor and
blowing; hariffing,
1, for the use of
com from straw;
Eit revolve and keep
propels the straw,
Works, and 118
facturera.
for hand or horae-
rian, properly re-
and for bruising
; both operations
ir, represented in
)r horse -power,
crusher.
itter, invented by
by reversing the
tst or sheep, viz.,
.y light and hand-
be used as a dung
th double action,
ttg or spreading it
frain or pulse.
rows, differently
An excellent ten-coulter drill, for sowing all kinds of
leeds.
A three -hoed scarifier. Five-hoed scarifier.
A set of three machines, to be worked by the same
power, either man, horse, or steam, singly, or the three
together, or alternately : a piece of machinery much
approved of by good judges of agricultural machinery.
Wedlake's Union Mill for Hplitting and Bruising Seedi.
A simple and cheap winnowing machine for cleaning
h11 kinds of grain, also currants; very extensively used in
Ureece for the latter purpose.
A scarifier for hop-grounds.
A surface or skim-plough, for destroying weeds after a
crop. ,
A mould-up plough.
A simple and most effective subsoil plough.
The fissex light two-horse plough, effecting a great
saving in the expenditure of that operation.
128 Barrett, Exall & Andrews, Katesgrove Iron
Works, Jieadiiuj — Manufs. and Inventors.
A model of a machine-house with models of steam-engine
and thrashing, cutting, and crushing-machinery; with
steaming apparatus, pumps, &c., complete, as required for
a farm of about 400 acres, with plans for an entire model
farm-yard and buildings.
A four-horse power high-pressure portable steam-engine.
It is fitted to work expansively from one-third to full
steam. The engine is fitted and fixed to a separate cast
frame, relieving the boiler from all vibration or strain.
The boiler takes about 40 minutes to get up the sceam
to the working pressure, and requires about 36 lbs. of
coals to generate the steam, the water being at 60° to
steam at 45 lbs. pressure, and is said to consume about
8 lbs. of coal per horse per hour to keep up the steam.
This engine is represented in the annexed cut.
Wvdialio'a CliHir-cutting itnrt ()tt-bruitin( Machine.
Barrett and Co.'« Four-liorw power PorUble Steam-eng'ne.
Six-horse power patent bolting and thrashing-machine
with shaking apparatus; mounted upon foiu- travelling
wheels. The frame of this machine is of wood. The breast-
ing is in a complete iron frame, and bolted to the sides of
the machine. The patent consists in the method of
altering the breastwork, which is accomplished in one
minute. In front of and partly underneath the machine
is attached a shaking apparatus which parses the straw
from the machine, and at the same time separates all the
com from it. Intended to thrash from 30 to 50 quarters
j of wheat per day.
878
Class 9.— AOIUCULTURAL AND HOUTICULTUllAL
On the South Side : Abeas N. O. 1 ; O. P. Q. 1 to 27.
[Unitkd
Barrett and Oo.'s Four-hone power Tlinuhing Machine,
Four-horse power thrashing-machine with four-horse
power patent gear attached. The preceding cuts represent
this machine and the patent horse-gear. The thrashing-
machine consists of a wooden frame with wire breastings
and open beater drum. The patent safety gear-work c!on-
sists of a moveable cap working upon an upright cylinder,
and carrying three idle wheels, equidistant from the
common centre roimd which they revolve. These wheels
are put in motion by a rack on the inner edge of the
cylinder, and they communicate motion to an upright
shaft, on which are fixed the necessary wheels for getting
up a speed of 3 to 1 1, or any other speed. The upright
cylinder contains all the gear-work within jtself, so as tu
equalise the strain and to exclude everything calculated
to injure it ; by the position of the three loose wheels
friction is removed from the bearings.
Barrett and Ca.'a Patent Ilorse-ijcRr.
Two-horse power patent thrnshing-mochine, with two-
horse jMiwer patent gear. The machine is constructed
entirely of iron. The machine and gear-work are mode
portikble upon a pair of iron wheels, and can be unloiuloil
and set to work by two or three men in a (juarter of an
hour— intended to thrash from 12 to 1,5 quartei-s of whcivt
per day.
Oiioli II-8J power i>atont thrashing-machine with patent
safety horsogear. Will thrash by horse-power front li to
8 <iuartuvs, and by h.'uid-power from 4 to 6 quarters of
wheat per tlay.
Hand-power patent th.^asliing-machino, made entirely of
I iron, with the exhibitors' new patent breitsting. Intended
', to be worked by manual power. (Claiming simplicity of
; construction, and not being liable to get out of order,
I and intended to thrash all kinds of grain and seeds with
; loss injury than the common flail. This machine is re-
i presented in the annexed cut.
KlNdOOM.J
MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.
On the South Side : Areas N. O. 1 ; V. Q. H. 1 to 27.
370
Ibrrett and Co.'ii I'aient Iron Tlinuliing Mocliinc
aner edge of the
m to an upright
vheels for getting
d. The upright
in jtself, 80 as to
ything calculated
fee loose wheels
) 6 qunrtci-s of
Furze or gorae-cutting and bruising-machine, with three
horee-power patent safety gear attached. The gorse, in
passing through, is very finely out by means of knives re-
volving on a cylinder acting against a mouth-piece with
feed-rollers, and then posses through two pairs of rollers,
by which it is effectually crushed. The machine is made
of iron, and may bo applied to either horse, steam, of
water power.
Barley aveller or hummeller. This machine is for the
purpose of breaking off the haulm, which, with the light
corn, falls through the wires of a wire cylinder. The good
sample is carried through the cylinder, and delivered by
a shute at the end of the machine.
Registered cam chaff-cutter, No. 2. This machine in nine
:° .ches wide in the mouth, and is made entirely of iron.
The straw or hay is drawn to the mouth-piece to be cut
by means of two gi'ooved rollers. The mouth-piece is
ci\se-hardened, and the machine cuts any length of chaff
under IJ inches. The annexed cut represents this ma-
chine.
Uorrett and Co.'a i^HUi ClufT-cutter.
Cornes' p,attern chaff-cutter. No. 1. This machine is
twelve inches wide in the mouth, with an anti-choking top
niller, and mouth-piece. It has three knives on the fly-
wheel, and cuts five different lengths of chaff, viz., four for
liurses, cattle, and sheep, and one fovir inches long for
litter. By the oddition of a clutch, the feed rollein can
be reversed to withdraw the feed, should any accident
happen or any substance injmdous to the knives be intro-
duced with the hay or straw.
Cornes' pattern chaff-cutter. No. 2. The mouth-piece
of this mivchine is ten and a half inches wide. The fly-
wheel has two knives, and it cuts four lengths of chaff.
The gearing is so arranged that it may be worked by one
or two men or by horse-power.
Universal crushing-mill for hand-power, fixed in an iron
frame, for crushing malt, oats, &c., or for splitting beans
or peas. The inside of the mill may be easily inspected
should any derangement take place.
Universal crushing-mill for one-horse power, to citish
all kinds of grain, adapted for either manual or horse
power. Requires two men or one horse to work it.
Ilurrctt Riiil Cd.'s Unive^al Crushing Mill.
380
Clam 9.— AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL
On thk South Side : Areas N. 0. 1 ; P. Q. R. 1 to 27.
[United
The universal onuhing-tnill for hand-power, for crush-
ing malt, oats, barley, and linseed, or for beans, shown
in the preceding cut. The capabilities of this mill are, oats
or barfev, 4 bushels per hour; linseed, 1 bushel; beans,
6 bushels. Barley by being passed twice through this
mill is sufficiently mealed for cattle feed, and if maahed in
hot water, for pigs.
The uniyersa' crushing-mill, of one-horse power, to
crush all kinds of grain, and adapted for either manud or
horse power.
Two-horse power universal crushing-machine.
Oil-cake mill. No. 2. For the purpose of crushing oil-
cake for sheep or cattle. Fitted with sliding bearings to
regulate the breaking of the cake to different degrees of
fineness.
Two-wheel plough, marked A O A B, shown in the an-
nexed cut. Made entirelv of iron, and workable either as
a swing or two-wheel plough, the horses going either
abreast or in a line. The turn-furrow is made in the
shape of a coarse screw, is fitted with the patent round
coulter, and with skim coulter to takeoff the surface and
weeds when working in low grounds and stubbles. The
draft chain is fitted to the body of the plough. The wear-
ing parts can be easily removed and new ones attached
by tht ploughman.
One-wheel plough marked D. P. Light in draft.
Swing plough, marked O. A. B. Made entirely of iron,
and adapted to work in woodland countries and upon
foul land.
Universal plough. It is a D.P. one-wheel plough, and
by the application of a right-handed mould-board, it
forms an expanding earthing-up plough. By removing
both mould-boards and attaching a bar to the beam, and
two hoes which are fitted and supplied with it, it forms
a horse-hoe, and thus makes the three implements of one.
Read's patent sub-pulverizer, of which the exhibitors
are the proprietors. This plough is readily converted
into a mole-plough or paring-plough, by the addition of
the requisite shares.
Two-shore subsoil plough. Tlie mechanical constntc-
tion of this plough is simple and light. The under share,
which can be shaped as a D or an O, leaves a drain to
carry off the water to the main drains.
The Ducie cultivator, constructed entirely of iron, and
fitted with either five or seven tines, which are set so as
to draw lines eight inches apart; their curved shape and
length prevent their clogging in the foulest land. _ The
frame and tines are raised and lowered by turning a
handle.
Set of registered circular harrows. In these harrows
the tines follow a different course, and yet all combine in
covering the grQund at exact equal distances.
Set of patent iron harrows.
Norwegian harrow, four feet wide.
Registered hay-making machine, composed of two
drums with rakeheads attached, i-evolving upon a spindle,
which is supported by two carrying-wheels.
Portable cavalry forge, constructed entirely of iron,
with coal and water trough of the same material, fitted
with a fan placed horizontally, out of the reach of injury
or inconvenience; it is worked either by the foot or hand.
Grist or com mill, of two-horse power, adapted for
general use. It is enclosed in a cast-iron frame. The
stones are of French burr, and the mill is furnished with
a cast-metal plate turned up pe- f.jctly true for proving
the stones, enabling a workman to dress them as well as
an experienced millwright, by the old process of wooden
staves.
Specimens of improved Scotch cai-t. The body of this
cart is made to hold exactly a one-horse load. It com-
bines great strength with lightness.
129 Gibson, Matthew, Aeiccaatle — Inventor and
Manufacturer.
Northumberland clod-crusher: for working on land
when wet as well as dry, it is not liable to become clogged,
Harrelt ami Co.'s Iron Two-wheel Plough.
and it makes the land much finer.
wheat for the wireworm, as well as for making drills for
the reception of clover and other seeds.
Also used on young
■ills "
130
Lampitt, Cbarles, lianbiiry — Inventor and
Manufacturer.
A horse seed-dibbler, patented. The peculiarities con-
sist of a tumbril for depositing the seed in the earth, an
eccentric motion for closing the tumbril, a motion fur
working the revolving scraper, independently of its action
on the dibbles, and a break to aid in lowering the dibble-
wheels to the earth.
131 Mapplbbeck & Lowe, Birmingham — Manufacturers.
Weighing machines, mills, and draining tools.
132 Ball, W., Sothwell, near Kettering, Northamptonshire
— Inventor and Manufacturer.
Criterion plough, made of iron, with steel or cast-iron
turn-furrow.
Criterion plough, without wheels.
Two-horse waggon, either with pole or shafts, with
patent axles and perpendicular wheels.
133 Jones, Edward, Great College Street, Camden Tamt
— Inventor.
Machine for moulding bricks and tiles, with pug-mill
attached for tempering the clay by the some operation,
worked by one horse or steam power.
Model of the exhibitor's patent, with important audi-
tions and improvements, which can be adapted to heavy
drain tiles and blocks, or moulded bricks of large dimeu-
134 Laycock, J., Winlaton, Newcastle-upon-Tyne.
Subsoiler and plough.
135 Cbosskill, W., fron Works, Beverley— Fatentee and
Manufacturer.
Patent serrated roller or clod-crusher ; for crushing
clods, compressing soft or fenny soils. This roller con-
sists of cast-metal discs or roller parts, placed loosely
upon a round axle so as to revolve independently of each
other. The outer surface of each roller part is serrated
and has a series of sideway projecting teeth, which act
perpendicularly in breaking clods. This machine is repre-
sented in the annexed cut.
KisonoM.]
) different degreei of
B, ahown in the an-
d workable either m
hones going either
ow is made in the
ih the patent round
e off the surface and
and stubbles. The
plough. The wear-
i new ones attached
MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.
On the South Hide : Ahbas N. 0. 1 ; P. Q. 11. 1 to 27.
881
I'rMaklU'i Clod-criiihcr.
Improved Norwegian harrow ; for pulverising without
uonHoliduting the soil. When used immediatelv after
}>Ioughing, it breaks and pulverises the furrows, leaving
'rom three to four inches depth of fine mould properly
prepared for seed; and will work moist land without clog-
ging, llie annexed cut represents this harrow.
The frame and side levers are made stronger, with a
new-invented horizontal regulator. The true incline of
the harrow spikelets or rowel parts, when working in the
soil, is by this regulator so exactly adjusted as to work
with beat effect, and saves a horse-power in draught.
-Inventor and
le peculiarities con-
Bd in the eorth, an
aril, a motion for
ideutly of its action
)wering the dibblo-
'1 — Manufacturers,
ling tools.
e or shafts, with
eet, Canidcn To\m
les, with pug-mill
e same operation,
li important aadi-
idapted to heavy
cs of large dimeu-
/— Patentee and
Br ; for crushing
This roller con-
I, placed loosely
endently of each
? part is serrated
teeth, which act
nachine is repre-
i^tli-
-i>:>.
miM''''
cz .
■I" I :, \.y
O-.'-
Earl Duoie's drag harrow, or Uley cultivator and scari-
fier. For paring the land, cleaning out roots and weeds,
and effectively stirring the land.
Yorkshire wold awing or two-wheel plough. For
working light or heavy land.
Patent diagonal iron hurows. The teeth are so con-
structed that each tine outs a separate track; and the
draught is teom the centre.
immigrants* implement box. This box measures 1 1 feet
long, two feet wide, and one foot deep.
CiaakiU'i Norwegisn Hurow.
Yorkshire wold com, turnip, and manure drill, to saw
six rows of com or three rows of turnips.
Road Implements.
Patent wheels and axles in sets ; for farm, road, or
street work.
Model one-horse cart. Exhibited for workmanship,
economy, and lightness of draught. Represented in the
annexed cut.
CroMkiU'a One-horse Cart.
"Norwich and Exeter" cylindrical wheel prize one-
horse cart. Fitted with harvest raves complete, for ge-
neral farm work.
Improved " Norwich and Exeter" one horse cart; with
new front tipper, loose raves, &c.
" Norwich and Exeter " prize pair-horse waggon, with
double break. Two horses will draw and run easy with
three-ton loads. Fitted with a double break, acted upon
by a hand-wheel in front of the waggon. Also, fitted with
a pole and pair of shafts. See annexed cut.
Croukiirs rtir-hone Waggon.
888
Class 0.— AGRICULTURAL AND HOUTICULTURAL
On tiik South Sidr : Ahkam N. O. 1 i V. Q, R. 1 to 27.
[Ujjitkh
Improved liquid iimnnre oart nnd pump, Fitted with
Iiend Ilium waturing iippikratiia for hix t'uet liroiulciMt ; nr
with box-trough luid tivxiblo tubes fi)r four niwa of tur-
nips, &o. See the following cut: —
plioity with security, ohenpness, and effeutlve powur
represented in the luinexed out :— '
CroaktH's IJquld Manure Cart,
The tank body is made of iron pintes securely cemented
nnd bolted together, and fitted with a brass outlet valve
acted upon by an iron lever rod, with which the driver
opens and closes the valve while walking by the side of
the hoi-se.
Portable farm railway, with trucks, turn-tables, &c.
This railway will convey, over the land, manure, marl,
lime, &c, ; and take off the laud all kinds of green crops,
as turnips, potatoes, and other produce. It in also use-
ful for removing earth— to level, excavate, and embank.
It will compete with carts, and prove far more expeditious
and less expensive, especially in wet weather, when the
laud is so heavy as to become nluiogt inipoAHable for carts.
The rails, manufactured in iiarts or lengtlis, are 1 5 feet
long by 'J feet 1 1 inches wide, and 'i feet 6 inches in gauge;
the ends fit into iron Bockets. The wood rails ore made
of red deal, strongly put together and edged with iron.
The rails when packed for delivery are four lengths in one
1>ackage 15 feet long, 1'i inches square, weighing about four
lundred weight and a half only.
Permanent farm railway. To carry 40 c^vt. loads. The
permanent rails are made in 1 5 feet lengths, three feet in
gauge; and for the portable rails 12 feet in length; with
sets of ironwork with dognails, also sets of wheels and
axles for trucks.
Fixturo or portable steam-engine, for agricultural and
manufacturing purposes. Exhibited as combiuiug sim-
CrosLtkiU'ii Mtcam -engine.
Bolting or thrashing machine. For thrashing the corn
without bending, bruising, or breaking the straw.
Four-howe driving part. For driving a thrashing ma-
chine, patent mill, or other machinery.
Two-horse colonial thrashing part. Exhibited as n
simple, powerful, and cheap machine, well adapted f<ir
small farms, or for colonists, and easily moved from niio
faiin to another, represented in the annexed cut : —
Cioukilla Heati'r Madiiiif
New patent two-horse driving part. Fitted with an up-
right shaft, and exhibited ready for working upon a stage,
overhead a thrashing machine, universal {lower mill, and
straw cutter.
Patent two-horse universal mill. For grinding, cutting,
and hulling purposes; will grind every kind of form pro-
duce.
New patent four-horse mill. For reducing coprolites
to fine dust, and broken bones to bone-dust.
Two-horse power straw cutters. To cut five sizes; with
fly-wheel and feeding apparatus.
Beverley corn-dressing machine and blower. With two
screens and six riddles for wimiowing com, beans, peas,
&c. By removing the screen and riddles it may be iised
as a blower. It is improved in the fan and made larger
inside.
Archimedean root-washer. For washing potatoes, tur-
nips, carrots, &c. The roots are delivered into a hopper,
and pass thence into an inclined cylinder having two
chambei-s, in the fii-st of which they are confined an<l
washed by turning the handle in one direction; and when
thoroughly cleaned, by turning the handle the other way
round, they pass into the second chamber, which is cuti-
stmcted in the fonn of a spiral, along which they pass
until they drop into a spout outside. The following cut
represents this machine.
Aivhimedean Egyptian bean and wheat washer. Fitted
with a zinc cylinder and perforated holes, and constructed
on the same principle as the root washer.
Improved liquid manure fixture pumps.
hnproved poi-table pump and tripod stand.
Forr's patent fixture iron pig trougli.
Kind DOM.
MACniNKH AND IMI'LKMKNTS.
On tiir South Hidr : Ahkah N. O. 1 ; l\ Q. U. I to 27.
3S3
CrowklU'ii Arcliinipdi'an Root-wuher.
] HG Gbimslev, T., of Oxford, and Randall &
Saunderb, of Bath — luvoutora.
P»teDt invontions : — Brick and tile press, with coith-
gnted rollers, and perpetual cutter attached. The rollers
guat'ing into one another, crush all stones or other sub-
Rtai'ces aa the clay passes through, tempering and com-
presRing it so as to produce ware of very firm and regular
texture. The press can be constantly refilled, and the
goods cut off to any rei|UU'ed length, without niTesting its
operations.
Brick and tile screw press, with perpetual cutter at-
tached. Right and left handed screws working into each
other. Perpetual cutter.
Model of nest of brick or tile kilns, with drying-room
over.
Patent draining brick or tile, giving a di-oin either egg-
plLine or circular, to any size required; are concave on
their upper surface, and rebate into one another.
Hollow bricks and tiles, for walls and flues.
Br-icks and tiles for fire-proof roofd, floors, and walls.
Wall -coping bricks.
Model of fire-proof cottages, constructed of hollow
brick, with provision for heating, ventilation, and drain-
age.
137 RicuMONU &CHANDLRR, Mimchcster — InventorH aud
Manufacturers.
Corn-crusher, applicable for hand-power; another, for
horse, woter, or steam power.
Two-knife chaff-cutting machine, combining self-ad-
justing feed, with Richmond's tooth rollers.
Grain-crusher, for crushing malt, barley, oats, &c.,
with fine machine-fluted rollers.
Chaff-machines: the feed is brought forward by the
tooth -rollers, and pressed into a compact body by a weight
suspended upon the rising lever.
Chaff-machine, the mouth of which is mode to adjust
itself to any given feed by a weight appended to the ex-
tremity of the lever.
GilUm's Seed-cleaner and Separator.
The machine consists of two sieves worked by means
of cranks and driven .by gearing, over which the seed or
com is passed, dividing the samples which pass out at
spouts fixed under the bottom of the sieves.
The sieves may be arranged at any suitable angle ac-
I cording to the condition of the seed.
The hopper is supplied with a shaking apparatus, and
with slide to regulate the quantity passing on to the
sieves. The whole of the work is fitted in a cast-iron
fi-arae, and bolted in wrought iron.
138 OlLlJlM, John, Woodstock — Investor.
Registered seed-cleaner and separator. This machine
is adapted for separating the various kinds of grass, sain-
foin, and other seeds, and for correcting their samples,
wheat, barley, &c. The annexed cut represents this
machine.
139 Tavlor, Q., Bury, Lancashire — Inventor.
Locomotive shearing and mowing machine, to be worked
by hand; it cuts and lays a sheaf at every stroke, ready
to bind. AVith this machine, it U stated that one man
cutting, and two binding, will do as much as six or seven
in the ordinary wa}'.
139a Robinson & Son, Coventry — Manufacturers.
Model chum.
140 Hill, Edward, & Co., Brierlei/ I/itl Works, Dudley
— Inventors and Manufoctui-ers.
A wi'ought-iron skim. This implement, of which a
woodcut is annexed, is generally used for paring or skhu-
884
Clam 0.— AOHIUULTUHAL AND HOUTICULTUUAr.
ON THE South Siub : Arbai N. U. 1 ; P. Q. It. 1 to 27.
[Ukitrk
ming ttubblM, immediataly after hitrvMt ; it may alio be
uaea for paring turf, m a poir-horw aoarifler, for working
ftJIow ground, and for ntuny other purpoiei. It haa the
great i^vantage of aimpliofty of ounstruotinn, and will
work easily three acre* per dav with a pair of hor§ea. The
handle! act aa a lever, by bearing on which <iiee engraving)
the implement can be instantaneouily thrown out of
work; the ooultera following the knivei are very uaeful
for dividing into imaller portiuiii, ur "harrowing thu
■urfaco [tared by the knivea, which precede them. Tliiii
operation haa the effect uf espoaiug the roota of wcoiIh,
ko., more ixirfeutly to the aotiun of the aun; thua jiru-
venting the iMiaalbility of their growing again, even thmiKh
the land ahould be left in thia atate for aeveml day*.
HlU'a Wraiifflit-iron 8klm.
A wrought-iron expanding horae-hoe. Thia implement
la intended for hoeing ttimipa, potatoea, &a., and ia con-
■truoted on an entirely new ayatem of expanaion, which
enablea the workman to alter the width of the knivea
without B'^pping the hoe. Thia ia effected inatantaneoualy
without the a^juatment of any acrow or pin, by aimply
opening or drawing together the handlea of the imple-
ment (aee annexed engraving). The perfect comoiand
over the cutting part of the hoe, which thia new expan
aion movement atforda the workman, will enable him tu
avoid any sudden irregularity in the ridge or drill, or in
the track of the hor»e, aa readily aa he would if hoeing
by hand. It is furnished with aamall Norwegian harmw
behind, for the purpose of throwing to the aurfiice the
weeda removed by the hoes; but it may be uaod with ur
without thia, as may be required.
HiU'a Expanding Ilorae-hoe.
An iron field-gate and poats. It ia made entirely of
wrought iron; the hangings are made to slide over the
top of a hanging-poA, resting upon a collar (aa repre-
sented by the annexed woodcut), which renders it diffi-
cult for any one to unhang the gate. It is furnished with
1 1 ill'* Wrought-iron Gates and Potta.
catch complete. The posts, when well set in stiff soil,
are quite sufficient to carry the gate, the bases of them
being specially constructed to accomplish this, and there-
fore no brickwork cr concrete is required for this pur-
pose. It is cheaper and neater in appearance than it
wooden gate and posts, besides being so much more
durable; and it can be fixed in one fourth the time.
A wrought-iron entrance or field-gate and posts. Tliia
gate is so constructed as to combine great strength and
neatness of appearance with a lightness of material, whicii
admit of its being sold at a low price. It is hung on neiit
round cast-iron posts, and is fitted with a revolving or
quadrant hinge, so that the gate will always shut itHolf.
Tlic dimensions are about 9 f^et 6 inches by 4 feet hi);ii.
Two specimens of continuous iron fencing. This fencing
is well adapted for the enclosing and subdividing of parlcH,
pleasure grounds, common land, and all places wliuru
fencing may be i-equired. From its jieculiarcoustnictinn
it possesses great advantage over iron hurdles, or other
kinds of fencing, as regards economy, strength, lightness
of appearance, and general efficiency; it packs up into
bundles for the convenience of carriage, and is conveyed
across the country at a trifling' expense. The facility
with which it con be erected, and adapted to any irregu-
larity in the surface of the ground, and its cheapness, ai-e
two of its greatest advantagtts.
Two specimens of wrought-iron hurdles. These are
intended for feeding sheep on turnips, or for eating off
green crops. Annexed is a woodcut, representing the
form of the hurdle when placed for use, from which it
[Ukitri*
Ives «• very tuefiil
)r "harrowing tho
■ecede tbeni. TliU
tlie rooti of wenilit,
the ami; thus pro-
; aKdin, even thclll^h
)r iieveml day*.
KiNODOU.]
MACHIFES AND IMPLEMENTS.
On Till South »ihr : Ahkas N. O. 1 { V. Q. H. 1 to 27.
3fl5
ich thi« new expaii
, will enable him tu
ridge or drill, or in
he would if hoeing
1 Norwegian harrow
to the surfnoe the
nay be used with or
appearance than a
Qg BO much more
irth the time.
« and posts. ThiH
great strength and
of material, whicii
It is hung on neiit
ith a revolving or
always shut itHolf.
hes by 4 feet hip;li.
icing. This fencing
brlividing of parkH,
all places wliuiu
3idiar construction
hurdles, or other
strength, lightness
it packs up into
and is conveyed
nae. The facility
tod to any irregu-
its cheapness, ai-e
•dies. These are
or for eating off
representing the
Be, from which it
will be ie«n that the ban are vertitioal, and plaoed lo tu
•part M to allow the sheep to eat through them without
treading oi ha food, 'ike eating through a rack. Thin
ii considered a great advantage in eating off turnips or
other green crops, aa it enables the farmer to have them
eaten without any of the food being spoiled by the tread-
ing of the sheep; it is oonaequantly eaten much closer,
and with greater advantage to the sheep; and the ground
lit more regularly trodden and manurad. It does not
require setting in the ground, but on it, resting upon
Htays in a leaning position, as represented in the out, so
that they are easily placed and removed. These stays are
fixed to the hurdle, and when taken up fall to its side, so
OS to occupy little room.
• rHT-
Hlll'i Wrought-iroa ilurdln.
141 LvDES, — , Inventor.
Improved mode of boxing horses for conveying thorn
by railway.
142 Oarreit ft SoK, Leiaton Works, Saxmundham,
Suffolk — Inventors and Manufacturers.
1 . Drill for seeding and manuring land. All kinds of
grain and seeds may be deposited by this machine at any
required intervals aj)Art, and at any depth, either with or
without compost or artificial manures. They are con-
structed of various sizes and widths, to suit lands
ploughed on the flat or in ridges, and suited for all de-
scriptions of soil. The com or seeds may be deposited
down the same conductors with the manure if required;
but separate coulters are provided for each, bv means of
which the manure may be buried 2 or 3 inches deeper
than the seed, and 10 to 12 inches in advance of it, and a
nni'tion of mould placed between them. The jointed
levers are especially adapted for this purpose, the coulters
for seed acting independently of those for manure, and
being pressed into the ground by separate weights, allow
both seed and manure to be deposited regularly any
depth, on all descriptions of land, however hilly or
uneven. The improvements claimed consist, first — in
couHtructing the boxes in which the manure and seed are
contained, so as to be equally suitable for drilling on side
hillo OS on. level ground. Secondly — in the application
of gepoi-ate slides to each deportment of the manure box.
Thirdly— in fixing the slides which regulate the seed to
a hoiizontal bar, extending the width of the drill. This
machine is represented in the annexed cut.
Uarrett and Son'8 Seeding Drill.
2. Drill for turnips and manure on the flat. This drill
is made to deposit two, three, or four rows of turnip.s or
other seeds with compost, or artificial fertilisers, on cither
flat or ridged ploughed lands. It is fitted with separate
m
seed boxes for each row, which are fixed to a horizontal
bar, and may be shifted to suit the varied intervals be-
tween the rows, so as to come directly under the deli-
vering s|K)ut8, and allow them to work fk'oely. These
small boxes are partitioned oflf into two dopartnients, one
larger than the other, that when drilling beet and turnip
seeds together, sufficient of each to last an eoiiol time
may be put into the boxes at once. This drill is also
adapted for side hills, like No. 1 , and is shown in the
annexed out.
Ourott snd tton't Tumlp Drill.
3. A lever com and seed drill. This drill is for the
Eurpose of drilling in rows, at any distance apart, wheat,
arley, beans, peas, oats, and other grain, and by chang-
ing the cup ban'el, turnips or mangold-wnrzel seeds with-
out manure. It is fitted with a swing steerage, that when
drilling lands or ridges of twice the width of the drill, the
two rows where the drill joins on the top, may be kept
equidistant with the rest.
4. Drill for small fonns — ada}ited for drilling all kinds
of grain, turnips, and other seeds : the quantities may be
regulated by means of cog wheels, to deposit from 2 to
12 pecks of grain, or fi-om 1 to 6 lbs. of seed per acre.
The distance of tlie rows apart majr be varied as required,
from 6 Inches upwards, to suit difieront crops ; and the
whole arrangement of the working pai-ts is completely
within the management of the attendant. The drill in
especially made for lands ploughed on the flat, and to the
draught of one horse.
5. Barrow hand seed-drill, for sowing gross seeds broad-
cast. The box is made in two departments, one for
heavy seeds, such as clover, trefoil, &c. ; the other for
lighter seeds, such as rye grass : the former being deli-
vered from cups, and the latter by means of revolving
brushes, down the same conductors with it.
6. Hand lever seed-drill, for sowing turnips and other
seeds, on ridge or flat ploughed lands, without manure.
It is constructed with two i^mall levers, working inde-
pendently of each other, which may be varied in distance
from 16 to 30 inches apai-t, and will deposit from 2 to
6 pints of turnip, and 2 to 6 lbs, of beet seed per acre.
7. Garrett's patent hoi-se-lioe — adapted to all the pre-
vailing methods of drill culture, either for cloniiHing
crops drilled on the level surface, or on ridges, the axle-
trees of the wheels being moveable at both ends to suit
the varied intervals between the rows of plants. The
steerage is considered an improvement on account of its
precision in guiding the hoes without injury to the corn
or plants. From 10 to 15 acres per day may be hoed
with one horse, and a man and boy. Represented in the
following cut.
8. Bolting thrashing-machine, for thrashing grain of all
descriptions, without injury to the same, or bruising the
straw, like the flail. It is fed lengthways instead of
vertically, as in other machines; and the straw is deli-
vered on to a lattice platform, ready to be tied up in
trusses or bolts for sale, or other particular purposes.
[Official Ilutstratf-d CATALoonn:.]
2. F
Ci,AM 0.— AORICULTUnAF, AND IKdlTICUI-TURAL
On tiir (touTH Side : Arkai N. O. 1 ; P. Q. K. 1 to 27.
[United
QantltuMl
0. Patent thnmhinR mnohlne for bitrn work; »d*pt«d for
thnwhitiK aH kinila of grain without damaging tbe oom
or atriiw, tlinmhiiiK from tio to 70 bualiela of wheat per
hour when applied to Rtenni iH)wer.
Ill, Putunt tlinuhinK nntvhino, with regiiitored itraw
pihnker and ri<ldle. Thia iiiiiuhine in adapted for ttiraah-
ing grain of all deacriptlonii in large i|iiiuititioii, and ninv
be applied to iteani, water, or home power; it ia fitted with
a acreen for the piirpoae of riddling away all looao eiint,
ahort atmwa, rublilan, leaf, and calder, leaving the corn
ready for the dreaaing machine, without further pnt|)am-
tlon ; and with a ruglatered Htraw aliaker, for He|«rutinK the
com from the atraw, whluh ia by thia uieana done nuivh
more effectually than by the uaual proceaa by hand.
Barley nioy alao be throahed for malting purpoaea with
theae machine*, and in many caaea ia prefened by nialt-
•tera to that throahed by hand. The whole of the
machine may be mounted on travelling wheela and
conveyed from place to place with two honea, Thia
machine la repreaented in the annexed cut.
Oairett and Hon'a Patent Thnuhing Machlnv.
11. Horse-power driving machinery for thraahing ma-
ohlnei. Thia machinery ia adapted to the oower of aiz
horses, for driving the thttwhing machine bam works,
Ifoa. 8 & 0.
12. A portable steam-engine for agricultural purposes.
Exhibited for simplicity of construction, economy in
fuel, and portability. It is fitted with governors, hair,
felt, and iron jacket, steam and water gauges, and other
necessary apparatus, mounted on four strong carriage-
wheels, with abafta ; and Is a<lapted for driving ma-
chinery, for the purpoaea of thrashing, dressing, grind-
ing, and ctitting agricultural produce, pumping water,
sawing timber, and other atatlonary labour on a farm or
estate. Thia machine is represented in the annexed cut,
Garrett and Son'a Portable Steam-engine.
13. A barley aveller or hummelling machine. Thia
machine is fitted for horse or steam power, but may be
used by hand if required. It is for the purpose of rub-
bing the horns or avels off barley (which it performs in an
expeditious manner), and screening away all loose rubbish
from the com, leaving the kemeU clean and tbe sample
perfect.
14. A corn-dressing machine, worked by steam, horse,
or hand power. It is particularly suited for receiving
the com from the thrashing machine, No. 10, which it
will dress in one operation at the rate of 12 to 15 quar-
ters per hour.
15. Patent chaff-cutter, adapted for horse or steam
power. It may be altered by means of toothed wheels to
KlSOUOM.]
MACHINKS AND IMrLUMKNTS.
Oh tub Houth Hiuk : Auean N. O. I j V. Q. It. I to 27.
cut ohaiT I, 4> "*' } '"'^'t l"i>R- The roller* »re lo ooii'
iitrvioted m to iidjiuit thaiiiaelvuii to niiy thluknma of faail,
iiMil iiot inJeiMiiiiluiitIv of tbo immthiiteoe or |>reMuru-
jiliito, HO na nlwnyR to bm|i a uniform proMuru ou the buy
ur itrikw, mill prevuiit thu uiiwhiuu from vliokliig,
Iti. I'ortttblo Ntoiio uiill for K>'i"*l>"K wl>*)»t i^ixl otiier
fitnn iiroductt: tlie itonuii are :l'J incbea diumetur, lUiil en-
cloMeit in a metal and wood franiinu; tbu ton atone ia
huuft on an upright abaft, and worked L.y a pair of bevel
wheel*, from which the attachment may be niiule to either
ateam, water, or borMe power: ita conMtruclioii adn>ita of
the atonea being adjuated fur grinding wheat, bnrluv,
beana, and {>eaa. A late iniprovenieut oonaiMta In tbo
application of a clutch box to the aniall feed roller,
which affiirda great facility in atarting the machine, by
allowing tbia roller to be taken out of work, and adniita
of the proceaa of cruahing being inatiuitly diacoutiuued
without atopping the milt.
17. A linaeed, malt, and cat mill, fitted in nn iron
frame, and ia for tlin purpoaea above mentlunt>d ; t?<j
cruahing being perfonuud between the amooth aurface
of a large wheel, 4 feet diameter, and a amall amooth
roller.
IH. A rape and linaeed cake cruaher, for the purpose
of breaking cakea of any aize and thickneaa. It ia fitted
with two Beta of barrela which ma^ be adjuated, aa
re<|uired, to break cake into ditferent-Htzed piecea for bul-
Incka or Hheep, or powder for manure: a aoroen ia fixed
between theae barrela, through which aa much of the
cake aa ia Hutficiently broken in poaaing through the flrat
ia aifted, to inaure uniformity of aize, and to avoid the
lumeceaaary labour occaaioued by that which ia aulBciently
broken (Maaing through the bottom rollera with that
which Ih not.
19. Iron plough for general purpoaea, made with
wrought-iron beam and handlea, and caat-iron body, and
may be adapted for all deacriptiona of aoil, by having
auitable mould-boarda or breaata. It ia fitted with im-
proved coulter and faatening, and case-hardened aharea.
'20. Hand-power chaff-cutter, for amall ocuupationa, to
be worked by one or two boya or men. It ia made with
a r2-inoh box and lU-inoh mouthpiece, and will out 30
to 40 buahela an hour,
21. Com-dreaaing machine, intended for all kinda of
grain and aeeda, and ia adapted for hand labour : a man
and a boy will dreaa from tl to 8 quartera jf wheat ^ er
hour, depending on ita quality and condition. Thia machme
may alao be uaed aa a blower when required, for aepu-
rating all light kemela, dirt, *eo., from the corn.
22. Corn-reaping machine, of new oonatruotion, adapted
for reaping wheat and other grtiin by horae power : the
operation Ia performed by a aeriea of angular knivea, in-
teraocting a like aeriea of atationary iron tinea or pointa :
a vibrating horizontivl motion ia commuuicuted to theae
knivea by meana of a crank abaft, and aa the corn ia
driven by the motion of the machine between the tiutn,
it ia cut with oleannesa and regularity. Aa much aa 20
ocrea per day may be reaped witli one horse and a man.
2;t. Modela of agricultural machinery. Specimens of
coprolite and graaa seeds.
24. Set of iron harrows. These harrows ore constructed
with wrought iron, with the ends of the balks turned
round to prevent injury to the horses.
143 CoMiNS, Jamkn, South J/ortoii— Inventor and
Manufacturer.
A amall wrought-iron horae-hoe for hoeing turnips,
mangold-wurzel, &c.
A wrought-iron hoi-se-hoe for working, both on the
ridge and flat.
One-way turn-over, or tum-wriat plough, for hilly land.
The share turns over at each end of the furrows, and the
coulter and mould-plates are changed at the same time by
means of a lever between the handles.
One-way turn-over, or tum-vn-ist plough, made of iron.
Subsoil pulveriser.
Horse-hoe on the flat, for hoeing from two to six drills
at a time.
Set of light barrows.
144 HguiRKa, William, Vnmh, Cumbr'<ijnMr«-~
Mauufticturor.
Itoatl waggon for ooiiveyiug agricultural produM to
nmi'kot, tco.
Improved plough,
144a Elliott, Oboror, Firnh.im — Inventor Mid
Manufacturer.
Machine, of now oonatruction, for bagging hops whM
dried, uonatructed to bag two tons of ho^>a a day.
145
Tbottkb, William, Iliiinll, Slookufield, tuar
Otitesketid — Inventor.
Model of roaning machine for cutting com with revoW-
ing knivea. The knivea being attached to two separata
acta of arms, which revolve on different centrea, are kept
parallel to each other, in coiiaetiuonee of which their
action cloaely roaumblea that of the acythe of the mower.
The angle at which the knivea atrike or cut the corn ia at
the command of the attendant. The knivea out at the
aide of the machine, the motion being reversed to mok*
them cut either to the right or to the loft.
14G Ponder, William Richard, anld/umger, near
MdlJim, Essex — Inventor.
Bee-house, or hive.
148
Orounbell, William, I.ontli, LinoulnsMre —
Manufacturer.
Improved patent drop drill, to deposit aeed and miinura
at intervala, delivering the manure only where the aeed
ia intended to remain for a crop.
Self-feeding registered corn-ureaaing machine, to dress
corn taken from the thrashing machine.
KoKi'itered com and turnip hoe, worked by horse, to
hoe five rows of com at once, and three rowa of turnips.
149 Hensman, William, St Son, Castle Wurh, Wobum
— Inventora and Manufacturers.
Four-horae power portable ateam-engine ; with a tubular
boiler. It may be driven either from the fly-wheel by
band, or from the cronk-ahaft by apindle. It ii furnished
with on improved governor, spring balance, whistle, gauge
cocks, water gauge, &o.
Four-horae power patent bolting thrashing-machine,
complete; the straw being admitted into it lengthways,
is delivored from the machine straight and unbroken aa
from the sheaf. Adapted for thrashing barley for malting.
Eight-row patent cup-drill, to be worked by a pair of
horaea, and fitted witn an improved awing steerage,
by which it con be guided independently of the horses.
The oxletrees ore made to slide, ao that the wheela can
be aet to any width. The coulters are fixed upon
separate levers, to adapt them to the surface of the land ;
the corn box, being self-acting, always finds ita level,
depoaita the corn, &c., on any ground.
Patent hand thrashing-macliine. The drum-beaters are
of a Vandyke, or tooth shape, and revolve through similar
notches in the concave ; it ia adapted for thrashing all
deacriptiona of corn and seeds.
Patent plough, with two wheels, made principally of
wrought iron. It may be worked with either one or two
wheela, or as a swing; it ia adapted for one or two pair of
horses; and is fitted with round coulter, and patentcoulter
fixing. The akim-coulter is fitted with round stem, and
is alao secured by patent fixing. The wearing parts are
made of caat-iron.
Patent iron plough, with two wheels, similar to the
preceding, but fitted with high wheels, deep turn-furrow,
&c,, and made stronger for deep ploughing.
150 Gray, R., & Sons, Vddingstmx — Manufacturers.
One-horse farm cart. Two -horse and four-horae
ploughs. Subsoil pulveriser. Five-tiiied drill grubber.
Parallel horse shoe. Canadian chaff cutter. Equalising
three-horse yoke. One way, or turn-wrist plough.
Scotch thi-oshing-machine.
2F2
Class 9.— AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL
Om the South Side : Arbab N. 0. 1 ; P. Q. R. 1 to 27.
[United
151 Williams, W., Bedford— Inventor & Kanufiacturer.
Set ofpatent 4-beur iron harrows, for general pur
poseB. Tneir form ia diagonal, and the get conaiats of
three, drawn by two horses. The teeth are so con-
structed that each cuts a separate track. These harrows
are shown in the a^oining cut.
Patent wroiight-iron plough, with two wheels, for
general purposes, marked O. V. The plough ia fitted as
a swing or wheel plough, for two or three horses. The
mould-board or furrow-turner is new, the bearings of
which have an equal pressure from the point of the share
to the heel of the breast, which gives lightness of draught,
»}d also causes the furrow-slice to turn over without
breaking. This plough is represented in the annexed cut.
Willliuns' Pitenl Iron H»rrowi.
WUliams' Patent Wronght-iron I'lough.
Patent wrought-iron plough, with two wheels, for
strong land and deen plouglung. A skim coulter may
be fitted to it.
Chaff-engine, with two knives, and 10-inch mouthpiece.
Top and sides of u»n, and legs of wood. Calculated to
be worked by two men. This engine is shown in the out.
Williams' ChalT-engine.
A machine for making di-ain pipes and tiles.
machine is ropresentod in the annexed cut.
This
Williams' Drain-Pipe and Tile Machine.
It is calculated to be worked by one man and a boy.
The box contains 1,450 square inches of clay.
A patent horse-drag rake, invented by Samuel Taylor,
of Cotton End, improved by the exhibitors. It ia shown
in the annexed cut.
Williann' Patent Improved T.iylor'a Horso-dran lUUe.
KiNODOM.]
1(1 tiloH. I'll
MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.
Ok thk South Side : Arkas N. 0, 1 ; P, Q, R. 1 to 27.
389
The improvement in this implement oonHista, first, in the
cuiuitruction of the teeth fitting into iron sooketa and
wurlcing on the froc ', rod, so that one or more teeth can
be removed at plenaiire ; secondly, the teeth, acting on a
bar i-unning parallel underneath the frame, gives it greater
facility in relieving it of its load; thirdly, the ball, acting
upon the leverage of the handle, keeps the teeth in their
work, BO that they cannot lose their yealm. It ia simple
in construction and cannot get out of order.
The preceding figure represents this rake.
152 Bomb, KodertM., Langholm, Da,.ifries — Designer
ami Manufacturer.
Sheep-dipphig machine, for applying sheep-washing
compositions, to improve the wool and destroy vermin in
sheep.
It consists cf a trough, in which the sheep are dipped,
and a platform forming the body of the carriage for them
to stand on, while the superfluous liquid drips off them
and flows back into the trough. With this machine,
three men can dip or wash 800 sheep in a day.
[It has become a common pi-actice thus to dip half-
grown lambs in a solution of corrosive sublimate, which
poisons the ticks that burrow in the skin without injury
to the animals themselves. — Ph. P.]
1 52a MorewooL' & RooERa, Steel Yard Wharf, Upper
Thames Street — Inventors.
Model of farm-yard and buildings, constructed chiefly
of patent galvanised tinned iron, surrounded by, a fence
of the same material.
Models of galvanised agricultural implements, includ-
ing barrows, sieves, &c.
154 Bltth, lA. J., Norwich — Inventor and Manufacturer.
Four-horse power portable horse works.
Four-horse power registered portable bolting thrashing
machine, for steam or horse power; with light spindle
flanges, and round hollow beaters, so formed as to meet
small resistance from the atmosphere, and having little
friction; it will thi-ash about 70 quarters of wheat per
day, with four horses. The annexed cut represents thin
machine.
BIyth's Kour-liorw UoUing Tlirasliing Machine,
1 54a Coode, Oeoroe, 473 0.rford Street, Blowtishwij—
Inventor.
Patent in-igator for gross laud, or low crops; appli-
Ciiblo also to watering roads. It may be worked by
two boys, and it distributes water or liquid manure
with great regularity: from 10 to 20 acres may be done in
a day.
Patent irrigator for high-standing crops, of a similar
description, except that it requires more power.
155
Faibless, Thomas, Corbridje, near Ilexhun,
Northutiiberland — Inventor.
Heaping machine for cutting corn aud hay.
Improved pump.
156 Sadler, William James, Uentham Parton, ne<tr
Switulon, Wilis — Inventor.
Agricultural chimney filter drain. The portions ex-
hibited, represent the external filter pipes, a, b, aud c, to
slide in the chimney, d, e, for conveying to the drain any
surfiico water which may accumulate in low places ou
stiff clay soils, throiigh which it cannot penetinto to the
diiiin, till it has considerably uijured the crop. The
pipes act as filters, retaining in the bottom the mud or
other matter which might choke the drain. The pipes
\
1
J
/
i \
c
fi.
aro lifted out of the chimney to unfit them, aud may be
left out when sufficient water has occunmlated to flush
the drain, if it should be requu-ed. Theso draius ai'o
shown in the preceding cut.
Draining tools: — Paring knife; spade for surface; top
bit ; cruutmer for the same ; pick and tomahawk ;
bottom bit ; crummer for the same ; rammer for level-
ling bed for pipes ; tool for placing pipes, g, in the pre-
ceding cut, and drag for filling in.
157 Hviat, T., 16 Ebury Sqiuire, l'iinlico~lti\entor
aud Manufacturer.
Improved patent hand-thra«hing machine ; mounted
upon carriage wheels, aud remaining so when at work.
Working model of improved machinery, for working
marble, stone, &c.
158 Hall, A., Bunk Buildings, Manchesfvr — Inventor.
Garden net, a substitute for gloss in hot-houses, &c.
160
Crump, Thomas, Derby — Inventor and
Manufacturer.
Oiu'den-engine, or poi-table fire-engine, two sizes, with
jet and spi-eatler, for watering plants, gi-eenhousos, &o. ;
the hose-pipe will discharge 18 gallons of water p«r
minute, at 00 feet distance, or .50 feet altitude.
Litpiid manure pump, miule of givlvanized shoiit-u'ou.
Instrument for singeing horaes with gas.
I
161 Nixon, T., Kettering — Inventor and ManufVicturcr.
A garden light or skylight.
Siidler's .\^ricnlliiral Cliimncy KilliT r>r»in.
170 WiLMOT, Edw. W., Cungletini — Designer.
Model of farm buildings for a farm of about HOO iicros,
witli ])lans of farm-house, labourers' cottages, and ex-
planatory drawings.
180 Deane, Drav, &Dkane, Simn Lane, Upper Thumes
Street, Londmi Bridje — Manufacturers.
Patent cesspool and tank cleanser, for the spcudy aud
innoxious removal of stagnant water, &c. The following
cut ropreiieuts this mauhino.
390
Class 0.— AGRiCULTURAL AND IIORTICUI/runAL
On tiir South Sidk : Auras N. O. 1 ; P. Q. K. 1 to 27.
[United
Dctne Hid Co.'« Patent Tuik-cleaner.
Patent engine for miaiiig water. The annexed cut re-
presents one of theoe niaohinea, for the purpose of throw-
ing to n onnsiderable height a volume of water. This
form of engine is provided with a tank.
Force and other pumps. The force-pump has the
advantage of a double action, drawing tlio water from
any depth, and foitiing it fifty foot at the same operation;
j so that while it is well adapted for general domestic pur-
' poses, it is e<iually so for other applications,
I Patent portable forge, which may be worked in a bam,
or removed into the open air. It is compact, cheap, anil
I strongly made. There are various siaes of these forges,
, all of which are equally portable.
t
Patent plate glass lantern, combining safety and
' economy.
Iron pig-tronghs. Enamelled milk pans.
Patent enamelled mangers, of various descriptions.
Double weighing-machines, adapted for commercial
and agricultural purposes.
Howard's J K plough. This plough is intended as
a substitute for the large four-horse Kentish plough,
and fitted with mould boards or breasts, which turn tlio
furrow over round, leaving a perfect seam, in the same
manner as the Kentish turn-wrist plough. It is used
with a pair of horses, but occasionally with throe or
four. It is capable of ploughing any land, however dry
and hard. It may be fitted with an extra largo brenat
or furrow-tumor, for very deep ploughing. The skim
coulter, shown in the following cut, is a most UHuful
appendage. It is oi' great importance when ploughing
ley ground and Ftubbtes ; it precedes the coiiunou
coulter, paring and turning into the furrow the herbage
upon the surface, so that when \,ue soil is turned over
by the plough, nothing of grass or weeds is left to grow
out between the furrow ; conseq<iently the vegetable
mutter thus buried, instead of living upon the soil,
decomposes, and serves to enrich the land. It will also
be found most useful when ploughing in dung, mustard,
tares, &o., for \rith the addition of "a drag-chain," all
may be turned in completely. With a new registered
lever, for regulating the wheels. The cut represents thi.i
plough, and the wheel having its fulcrum at 6, and its
point of action at <i.
Uranc and I'-o'ii I'atpnt \Vaier-«ni;ine.
Uc.ine and Cu.'a Howard's J K Plough,
Howard's J A plough. The annexed cut represents this plough, which is adapted for heavy land.
I)e*ne and Co '• Howard's J A Plough,
Kingdom.]
MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.
On the South Side : Areas N. 0. 1 ; P. Q. It. 1 to 27.
891
ing safety nnd
Improve<l horae-rokoR, The horae-rake i» odiipted for
rnkiuff barley and other com Htubbloa; also uut gnwa
after it is strewn in the proceHg of mukinK hay. Each
tooth works independently on a soparate lever, so us to
full to the irrogtiiuritieg of the Hurfuce, and the oblique
direction of the teeth w altiTcd by raujing or lowering
the ends of the levers, ho that the teeth may rake lightly
or heavily, as the quality of work or nature of the
surface may retpiire. There is aiNo attached a simple
lover-purchoee, so as to enable a lad to raise the toeth
without stopping the progress of the implement, to
relieve them of their load, and leave it neatly raked up
in rows.
The hay-making machines are made with iron wheels.
The rake-cylinders are in two lengths, which eusos the
working of the machine; and, us they have a double
motion, it is immaterial which way they are turned.
Hay-making machines, with reversing motion. In the
first process of tedding or making hay, it goes across the
swnrths, throwing the gross in the usual inannur; when,
having laid for a short period, the motion can bo
reversed, and it will throw it out loosely, so that the air
(' in operate on it much more speedily than when heavily
laid (town.
Mills, of various descriptions, for agricultural produce.
Patent economic corn-mill, effecting a saving of time
and labour. This machine is shown in the annexed cut.
Detne and Company'n Patent Cora Mill,
A vegetable washer, constructed with a rack and
pillion, so that the cylinder enclosing the vegetables,
111 . be raised out of the water, and emptied into a
trough or barrow, with the greatest ease.
A chaff-engine, applicable for hand, water, or steam
power. It is constructed to cut various lengths. This
machine is used in the West Indies, for cutting cane tops.
Sussex butter-chum, of block -tin.
Patent American butter-chum.
One row turnip-drill.
Gardner's patent turnip-cutting machine.
Liquid manure pumps.
181 White, James, 266 Hiah Holbom — Inventor
and Manufacturer.
Qorse reducer, for converting gorse into nutritious food
for cattle, crushing com and linseed, and rasping beet-
root for sugar making.
Patent cider mill, which cuts the piiM, improves the
flavour of the cider, and mokes it keep longer.
Wheat mill and dressing machine, to enable familiea to
grind and dress their own wheat.
182
TuRNKB, E. R., //)s«'icA— Inventor and
Manufacturer.
Four-horse power portable stoam-engine, for agricul-
tural purposes. This engine is shown in the annexed cut.
Turaei'a Fout-horw Pottable Steun-engine.
Apparatus for regulating the supply of water to a high-
pressure steam-boiler whilst the engine is at work, con-
sisting of a small vessel into which the force-pump dis-
charges, and from which the boiler takes its supply by
means of a ball valve. Adapted for stationary engines.
This apparatus is shown in the annexed cut. By the ar-
rangements represented, a deficiency of supply is indicated
by the steam whistle.
Turner > Steam-boilet Feeding Appuatui.
Clash 9.— AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL
On tub South Side : Areas N. O. 1 ; P. Q. R. 1 to 27.
[United
Mill, composed of two smooth rollers, for oniHhing
com aud seeds; it also grind* beans, peas, maize, &«., by
a sen-nted roll at the bottom of the hopper, which acts
as a feed roller when the mill is used for crushing pur-
poses. This engine is represented in the annexed cut.
Turner's Cnuhing Mill.
183
RootUB, Jasper W., 88 St. James's Street-
Inventor and Patentee.
A deodorizing chamber, intended for use in public
places and establishments : the receptacles being partly
filled with peat charcoal. The animal matter is deodo-
rized, and entirely absorbed by the charcoal, the combina-
tion producing a valuable manure.
185 SAMnELSON, B., Banbury — Manufactiu^r.
Patent double-action turnip-cutter, for cattle and sheep,
on a wi"ought-u"on or wooden frame; the slioer-knife for
cattle may be dropped when the seed-knives are in ac-
tion; the hopper is on a hinge to facilitate the cleaning
of the barrel.
[The turnip-cutter is one of the most valuable improve-
ments in English farming : for fattening flocks it is indis-
I>ensable. By thus sparing the animal the labour of
chewing its food, their condition is improved 20 per
cent.— Ph. P.]
Chaff-cutter for hand or horse power, on an angle iron
frame; cuts two lengths. Universal mill, adapted to
crush all kinds of grain except linseed. Improved bean
mill. Small oil-cako breaker. Registered atmospheric
chum. General purpose plough, but especially suited to
heavy clay soils. Horse-hoe, with three tires, which
may bo set and firmly seciu^d at a variable distance ; also
two sets of revolving rowels. Skim aud paring plough,
&c.
186 Bates, F., Summertomi, Oxford — Inventor.
Implement to facilitate the removal of plants in pots.
190 Winder, Richard, 2 Ingram Court, Fenchurch
Struct — Inventor.
Model of a machine for mowing corn or grass by rotary
horizontal knives, having a considerable velocity; pro-
posed to be worked by one or two horses, according to
the size the machine is required to be made. It is sug-
gested, that two shafts (as in the model) are an improve-
immt, by iifforing no impndiment to the falling com in
the centre .space, in .illowiiig the mai;liine to turn within
its own Iciif^tli, iiuil nllinviiig free action to the knives
while the machine is turning. Also, the means of
throwing the machine in or out of gear are considered '»
economical and effective, as well as the means of Bharp
ening the knives, and the distribution of the falling com.
191 Henton, John— Inventor.
Hand roller. The object of this roller is to combine
efficiency with lightness of draught.
192 Smith, Henrt, 12 RuffordCs Itow, near the
Church, Islington — Inventor and Manufacturer.
Registered horticultural hot- water gas stove; consist-
ing of two cylinders, the external 1 8 inches diameter,
intomal h inches diameter, with top and bottom con-
taining water; and internal pipes. The gas is lighted at
the lower end.
193
Keene, W., 24 Oreat Queen Street, Lincoln's Inn —
Engineer,
The multiple box hive, invented by the exhibitor.
One of the objects of this hive is to permit the bees to
have access at the points most convenient for their work,
which always begins from the top of the hive, aud pro-
ceeds downwards; the natural hives chosen by them
having generally access from the top, and not from
below. The common cottage hive admits the bees at the
bottom, and gives them much additional L.bour to cuny
their load upwards, instead of relieving them by taking
it in with their descent. It is found by experience that
when the bee is admitted at the top, the hive fills much
more rapidly with comb and honey. In the multiple
hive every box is formed exactly alike; they may bo
placed one on the other, and their order inverted at
pleasure, in such way as may be best suitable for the
operations of the bee-keeper. Any single box will form
a sufficient hive for any swarm during the first season;
but when this box is filled, a second is added, presenting
to the beer additional room, of the same form aud nizo
as that to which they have been accustomed; they take
to it at once; swarming is prevented; aud without loss
of time the new box is filled with comb and honey. The
bees rarely deposit any larvae in this box. The colony
chiefly retires to the lower one, keeping guard on the
contents of the upper, and ample provision against
"a rainy day," in tne lower box. When the upper one
is filled, and a fine box of pure clean honey in the comb
is wanted, it may be removed, and replaced by an empty
one, which in due season they will also fill; the hive
below remaining an undisturbed domicile.
In course of time the combs in which the larvn) have
been deposited become uncomfortably dirty; these boxes
then offer the greatest facility for shifting the family into
clean quarters. Suppose an upper box is full, or par-
tially full, of comb and honey, the lower one may be
made so uncomfortable as to oblige the colony to mount
into the upper, and then the lower may be removed,
putting what was the upper box into its place. If tlio
queen or any bees have remained in the box taken away,
by upsetting it, and putting a piece of plank on an
inclined plane, so as to form a bridge from it to the box
which remains on the stand, they will not only all go
into it, but very quickly carry away the honey from the
dirty comb into the clean hive, and be soon ready to
begin to fill another box. The bee-keei>er can thus mul-
tiply his colonies of bees without ])ermitting them to
swarm; or he can produce off-casts, if he prefer to
multiply his hives.
The covered way by which the bees enter is pierced
with openings both downwards and upwards, so tliat the
bee, once alighted, is free to choose either direction.
When the hives are in position, one on the other, a bell
glass may be placed ov^ the upward opening, if it be
desired to have honey in such a receptacle. A feeding-
box may be put over it, if it be needful to give them
food; and either the glass or the feeding-box may be
covered by a common straw cap, or by an additional box.
Now mode of preparing Heed for sowing, consisting of
wadding-rope an<l manured seed-wadding for inclosing
[Unitkd
KiNOUOM.]
MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.
On the Sooth Sidk ; Areas N, O. 1 ; P. Q, R. 1 to 27.
303
the mesDR of
re considered ^
means of shni'i'
the falling corn.
9r is to combine
f, near the
anufaoturer.
I stove; consist-
nches diameter,
ltd bottom con-
gas is lighted at
Lincoln's Inn —
the exhibitor,
rmit the bees ti>
t for their worit,
) hive, and pro-
hosen by them
and not from
i the bees at tlie
l.bour to cany
thorn by taking
experience that
I hive fills mucli
[n the multiple
i; they may bo
ier inverted at
luitable for the
,e box will form
;he first season;
Ided, presenting
le form and hizo
med; they talie
id without loss
ud honey. The
The colony
guard on the
ovision against
the upper one
ey in the comb
3d by an empty
fill; the hive
the larva) have
ty ; these boxes
the family into
is full, or par-
er one may be
)lony to mount
y be removed,
place. If tlie
ox t.il(en away,
~ jjlank on an
n it to the box
lot only all go
loney from the
soon ready to
can thus mul-
itting them to
he prefer to
«r is pierced
d», so tliat the
her direction,
e other, a bell
ening, if it be
I. A feediug-
to give them
g-box may bo
additional box.
, consisting of
lor inclosiug
the seed previous to its being laid in the ground.
Adapted for poor and generally unproductive soils. In
the ai-ticle exhibited, there are seven different kinds of
ninniire; that from the farm-yard or stable being in the
greater proportion. Quano, bones, peat, charcoal, sul-
i)bate of lime, urate, and fecal manure, may all be
inclosed in just such quantities as shall be found suffi-
cient for the benefit of the plant. The advantages are —
saving of manure, increase of crop, regularity of growth,
and saving of seed, — sufficient to outbalance the cost of
uiaterial when manufactured by machinery on a large
scale, and enable about half the quantity of manure to
produce crops equal to those obtained in the ordinary
way of using it.
195 WiLLOCOHDY De Eresbt, Lord, 142 Piixxdilly
— Inventor.
Mnchinenr to plough land, having a moderately-even
surface. The heavy engine is not required to move up
and down the field with the ploughs, but is stationai-y
whilst they are working from the hedge on each side up
to the engine, when it is advanced the width of the part
ploughed each trip. These ploughs are made to travel at
tive miles per houi\
] 9G Tebbutt, Charles Prentice, lltnntisfmm, near
St. Ives, Himtinjidomliire — Designer.
Model farmstead, for 250 or 300 acres; containing
stabling for 10 horses, well -sheltered yards for about 40
boiiats; cattle-boxes for 16 fatting cattle; cow-house for
six cows; pigsties, &c.
197
Bell, Frederick & Co., 7 Nohle Street, City —
Inventors and Manr'.icturerB.
Patent ventilating waterproof loth for stack, rick,
waggon, and cart covers, tents, marquees, sail-cloths, &c.,
of extreme lightness and pliability, prepai-ed without oil,
point, grease, or tar,
198 Alexander, E., Twjlorton, Stirling — Inventor
and Manufacturer.
Models of draining ploughs : —
First furrow plough, drawn by from ten to twelve
horaes, which cuts a depth of from fifteen to eighteen
inches, width at top sixteen inches, and at bottom seven
inches.
Second, or finishing ploilgh, which cuts a further depth
of from ten to twelve inches, finishing the drain to the
exact breadth of the tiles, and which, after pulling the
cleaner along, shows a flat smooth bottom to lay the soles
upon; performing at the rate of about one acre per hour;
distance of drains sixteen feet apart.
199 Boyd, James E., 70 Lower Thames Street —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Patent self-adjusting scythe; can be put together with-
out the iuisistance of a blacksmith, and shuts up like a
knife.
200 Caborn, John, Denton, near Orantham — Inventor.
Portable seven-horse power steam-engine, with governors
and tubular boiler, for thrashing com, &c.
Portable thrashing machine, with straw shaker to attach
to the portable steam engine, upon four wheels.
A corn-dressing machine.
202 DePorqhet, Fen wick, 11 I'avistock Street,
Covent Garden.
Models:— Haymaker's horse hay rake, skim plough,
drosaing machine, turnip cutters, light ploughs, &c.
Improved machine for bruising oats, &c.
Mill for splitting beans, &c.
204 Pannell, John, Feltham, WoMJwfoio— Inventor.
Working model of registered heating apparatus, for
heating hothouses, pineries, &c., by hot water; whereby
a moiat bottom heat and a dry top boat can be obtained
at the same time frem the same boiler ; and the cireula-
tion round the pipes, for top heat, can bo turned off or
on at pleasure.
205 Bland, John Oboroe, Market Ilirboroiyh —
Inventor and Designer.
A two-knife hand-power chaff-cutter, made by Comes of
Barbridge, with multiplying power, so as to increase the
speed of the knives.
Model of a farmstead, adapted for a farm of from six to
seven hundred acres. The buildings are so arranged that
by the aid of a two-horse power steam-engine the whole
of the usual operations required on such a farmstead
may be performed.
208 Restell, Richard, 35 Hiijh Stre< , Croydon —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Metallic flexible garden and conservatory labeh.
Metallic flexible wall and standard tree-holders.
208a
Haves, M,, Enfield Hijhway — Inventor and »
Manufacturer, ./
Beehive,
208b Beadon, Capt, R.K., Tciimton— Inventor.
Model cart. Improved apparatus for drawing off liquor
from casks. Frame for tilting casks.
208c Kennedy, Dr., Dublin — Inventor,
Machine for watering plants.
210
Toby, Henry, & Son, Kinj'a Load, Chelsea —
Inventor.
Model of a green-house, with potting shed and fruit -
room, showing the boiler and hot-water pipes, with im-
proved ventilation, &c., on a scale of 1 inch to the foot.
211 Thornton, David, Satho, by Edinburgh —
Designer.
Design for an arrangement of farm building, in which
accommodation is provided for storing the grain crops
under cover, in order to protect them from the weather,
incendiaries, or thieves.
Model of a cheap form of field-drain, adapted for dis-
tricts where neither tiles nor stones are available.
212
Tytherleioh, William, 350 Coventry Road,
liinningham — Inventor and Manufacturer.
Winter and summer, or self-temperature butter churn.
213
Stewart, Charles, & Co., 22 Charing Cross —
Proprietors.
Patent potato germ extractor. Anti-putrescent prepa-
ration, into which the germs extracted, day by day, may
be immersed, until the pi-opor season for planting. Potato-
germs modelled in wax, exhibiting the mode of extracting
the eye,
214 Ferguson, J,, Pridge of Allan, Stirling —
Inventor.
Model of a draining plough.
215
Padwick, William Frederick, Manor House,
Hayting Island, Hampsltiic — Inventor.
Hand-drill for depositing garden and other seeds ;
adapted for patching where seed has fiviled, for allotments
or for rough uneven ground.
Improved planting line, for the purpose of obviating the
necessity of setting the oi-dinai-ygai-den-line used in plant-
ing at the end of every row. By merely releasing a pin,
it changes the position of the line to any required dis-
tance,
Improved dibbler, or transplanter, by which seeds may
be dibbled or roots transplanted in the di'iest soil,
215a Tyson, Isaac, Selhy, rocfeAiVc— Designer.
Model of farmstead and buildings where steam power
is used for thrashing, gi-inding, cutting, and steaming, or
cookuig food for cattle, pigs, &c.
8M
Class 9.— AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL
Ov THE South Side : Areas N. O. 1 ; P, Q. R, 1 to 27.
[Units
216 Coleman, Richard, Chelmsford — Inventor and
Manufacturer.
Patent drag harrow and Rcarifier, for breaking up,
clearing, and pulverising land. The frame at the top is
suspended about six inches above the lower frame, parallel
with which, by means of a lever, it is moved backwards
or forwards; it is made with five or seven prongs, accord-
ing to the width of land inter.ded to be cut.
Patent drag-harrow and scarifier, on tlie same principle,
with the addition of side levers, by which it is regulated
when used on furrow laud.
Patent subsoil harrow, for draw'ng out furrows, and
grubbing or raising the subsoil after the plough.
Patent expanding lever-harrow. This implement is
made in four compwtmeuts, each three feet, and being
constructed on the principle of a parallel ruler, it may
be expanded or contracted at pleasure : it is drawn by five
chains attached to double hooks which move on the long
whippletree.
Patent expanding harrow, constructed on the same
principle, but without wheels and levers.
216a Wheeleb, E., 16 FmMner Street, Manchester— Inv.
Portable machine for bagging hops, wool, or cotton-
pressing the hops without breaking the leaf.
Hand mochiiiu for bagging hops, with rock to rise and
fall by pinion and double-purchase wlieels.
217 Bentall, Edward Hammond, Hei/bridje, near
Malilan, Kssex — Inventor and Manufacturer.
Patent broad-share and subsoil plough, combined in one
implemont, with beam of wrought T iron. By diventing
it of its side-arms, hind-wheels, and tines, it becotneH n
subsoil and root plough. It can be adjusted accordhig
to circumstances, by moving the tranverae cutters in-
serted in the frame. A point, three foet long, precedes the
share on the same frame for loosening the ground. This
machine is represented in the annexed cut.
Bentall'a Patent Broad Sliare and Subsoil riougli.
pared with other linen to replace the first and continue
the process.
Improved patent box chum. The top or cover has per-
forations for admitting atmospheric air, and the beater is
of the form found by experience to be best calculated for
agitating the cream, and forcing the air through it, so as
to improve the quality and increase the quantity of butter.
Patent mangold, or ridge hoe, on the same principle, with
pair of breasts, for moulding up root crop^.
Patent double torn, with wrought-iron beam, having
a double breast or mould-board cast in one piece of metal.
Patent N G H plough. A moveable lever, with a shiu-e
attached in a way which renders it adjustable, and pre-
vents any wear on the sole of the plough.
The original goldhanger plough, called the "Essex
plough."
Round hogs' troughs. Stack pillar.
Patent dynamometer, for the purpose of ascertainnig
the draft of implements presenting irregular resistance.
The arrangement of the parts prevents the vibration of
the index without diminishing the accuracy of the instru-
ment.
218 NUNN, J. P. & E. B., 17 Stratford Place,
Oxford .S/iw*— Inventors.
Instrument for elevating and holding a beehive im-
mediately under a swarm of bees hanging from a bough;
and instrument for grasping and sliaking the bough,
which, if the hive be held in a proper position, will cause
the bees to fall into it, when they may be eoaily secured.
219 Smith, Gborce, 3 Francis Court, Berkeley Street,
Clor/tcntccll — Producer,
Registered enamelled garden labels.
220 Wilkinson, Thomas, 309 Oxford Street-
Improver and Monufacturer.
Improved Baker's patent mangle; having three rollers,
two of which revolve with the linen rolled upon them
under the heavily-loaded box, while a third is being prc-
221 Farlow, J. K., 5 Crooked Lane, London Sridje —
Inventor.
Netting for protecting fruit and flowers.
222 Smith, Thomas, 1 Ifamor Cottages, Tfomsey llond,
Isliiujton — Inventor.
Hyacinth glass, and glass support fixed by glass eyes.
Circular earthenware enclosure, and support for the
fruit and foliage of the strawberry plant, by which the
blossoms and fruit are protected from slugs, and kept
free from grit caused by rain. Provisionally registered.
224 Ritchie, W. & J., Ardee, frclnnd — Manufacturers.
Improved drill plough. Improved subsoil plough,
furnished with two wheels.
I 226 Roberts, John, 34 Eaatcheap — Moiuifacturer.
I Strawbeny tiles. Melon tiles. Grape tiles. Celery
; sockets. Ventilating flower-pot. Tmnsplanting flower-
i pot. Flower supporters. Cylindrical brick.
227 Vivian, — , Inventor.
Model machine for drying corn.
228 ScRAOC, Thomas, Tarporlci/, Cheshire— Inventor
ond Manufacturer.
A double-action machine for making draining-tiles oud
pipes. It ha«, as a substitute for racks and pinions', a
ciiain which winds round a roller, and presses the clay
through tho dies.
230 Barker, John, Dunmnyton, nchr York — Inventor
and Maimfacturer.
Iron wheel-plough and wood swing-plough.
Expanding parallel horse-hoe, with a Norwegian harrow
[Unitk
KlSODOM.]
loted on the sanw
org.
•t, Manchester — Inv.
I, wool, or cotton;
e leaf. '
th rack to rise and
eolg.
Hei/bn'dje, near
mufacturer.
h, combined in one
ron. By divoHting
ineg, it becotnes a
kdjusted according
nverse cutters in-
1 long, precedes the
the ground. This
cut.
MACHLNR8 AND IMPLEMENTS.
On the South Side : Areas N. 0. 1 ; P. Q. R. 1 to 27.
896
irst and continue
I or cover has per-
ind the beater is
5st calculated for
through it, so as
lantity of butter.
iOWon Bridge —
>, Ilomsey Kond,
d by glaas eyes,
support for the
it, by which the
slugs, and kept
ally registered.
Wanufactui'ers.
subsoil plough,
lufacturer.
tiles. Celery
ilanting flower-
uk.
e — Inventor
vining-tilea and
iiid pinions) a
jrosses the clay
— Inventor
rh.
wogian harrow
attached, and two sets of coulters ; made to expand and
contract, so as to suit either curved or straiKht ridges.
Iron sliding horse-hoo, with shares; ailapted forditferent
soils; with wheels and Norwegian harrow attached.
One-hiirse Yorkshire cart, with n tipping apparatus;
side-boards, as a manure cart; and a set of sholvings, for
harvest work; the spring end floor secures the shelvings.
Set of box whipple-treea, or two-horso draughts.
232 Enniskillen, Earl of— Manufacturer.
Draining pipes and collars. Draining tiles. Water
pipes. Roofing tiles. Flooring tiles.
233 HoRNBDT, Richard, & Son, SpittlegaU Iron Workt,
near Qrantham — Manufacturers, Designers, k Inventors.
Patent drill-machine, for corn, &c., adapted for hilly
ground, and fitted as a ten-row com and seed drill, and
nine-row corn, seed, and manure drill.
Ten-row patent corn and seed drill, fitted with the
patent India-rubber tubes for conducting the seed to the
coulters ; improved slides for regulating the quantity of
seed to the delivering barrel ; two coulter-bars to equalise
the pressure upon each coulter; and patent independent
fore-carriage steerage, represented in the annexed cut.
Uonuby's Pa'unt Socl Drill.
Four-row patent drill, to deposit turnip or mangold-
wurzel seed, with bones, compost, and manures, with
double-action levers, represented in tho annexed cut.
Uonuby's E*iktent Manure Drill.
Two-row patent ridge drill, with patent India-rubber
tubes, and various improvements for regularly delivering
both seeds and manure.
Three-row patent drop drilling-machine, for depositing
turnips or mangold-wurzel seed and manure upon flat
ground or ridges.
Patent drill-machine, for distributing pulverized ma-
nures broadcast on the land, represented in the annexed
cut.
Ilornsby's Patent Drill Machine.
Sis-horse power patent portable steam-engine, adapted
for thrashing, giinding, sawing, pumping, &c. ; mounted
upon four carriage-wheels, with shafts complete for
travelling. The cylinder, and pipes connected there-
with, being placed inside the boiler or steam-chamber,
are protected from the weather ; represented in the fol-
lowing cut.
Four-horse powerimproved portable thrashing-machine,
with travelling apparatus complete.
Patent corn-dressing or winnowing machine, fitted with
a spike-roller working through a grating, so arranged as
to form a hopper. It may be used for separating the com
886
Clabs 0.— agricultural AND HORTICULTURAL
Od TiiK South Sidb : Areas N. O. 1 ; I'. Q. R. 1 to 27.
[United
llonuby'ji Tatent Si«-harae l*ow«r Portable Hteitni-cn^iue.
from the chaff, in the rough pulsy state, as it conies from
the thrashing-machine, without having been previously
riddled. It is fitted with a double-shi&ng screen at the
bottom, &o., for cleaning the oom from all kinds of small
seeds, and preparing it for market. Represented in the
annexed cut.
I
■■ --^T^r -»-^^'
Ilonuby'i I'atent Cum-drewinK Machine.
Double crushing machine, for breaking oil-cake for
beasts or sheep, and rape-cake for manure; fitted with
two sets of cutters, with nardened points.
Single crushing machine, fitted with one set of cutters.
234 Smith & Co., Stamford, Lincolnshire — Inventors
and Manufacturers.
1. Double-action wrought-iron hay-making machine, for
spreading and turning hay ; fitted with wruuglit-iron
wheels.
2. Two-knife cane-top litter and chaff-cuttiug machine,
for hand, horse, or steam power.
3. Iron balance-lever horse-rake, for hay, com, &c.
4. Lever hand-rake, in iron frame, and mounted on
very light wheels; the teeth, mode of spring steel, act
independently of each other.
.5. Three-knife gorse and chaff-cutting machine, for
hand, horse, or steam power.
0. Iiuprovtid lover cultivator or scwifior.
7. Fat-cutting machine, for tullow-meltui'it.
8. Park or luggage cart, mounted on springs, with
patent tail-boaid, tip moveweut, and wruught-irun
wheels.
9. Wrought-iron wheels and axles for light a' . i; j\vy
carriages,
10. Set of machine models.
Patents have been token by the exhibitors for Nos. I,
3, 3, 4, 0, 8, and 0.
2!i5 Chard & Munro, ifz-Mfo/— Manufacturers.
Light oiie-hnrse harvest cart, of an improved cnii-
struotiou. The advantage consists in its being kept low,
for the diminution of labour in loading.
Light cart, for pony or small horse, adapted fur au
errand or market cart. Light Cobourg.
237 Kkt & MlTCHKL, 103 Nevxjate Street—
Proprietors or Agents.
Patent American chum (Knglish) by Charles JaiueA
Anthony, of I'ittabuiyh, U. S. ; the improvement coiirtiHt.H
in the arrangomeut of apparatus so as to introduce a larger
quantity of uir into the ci-eam or milk.
Kttrte 8 force and suction pumps. The valves are m
an-anged, as to prevent them (W>m being choked ; and, if
occasion should require, a common blacksmith cuuUl
replace them.
Patent double-acting tumip-cutter, for cutting tumipH,
man^ld wunsel, ftc, as food for cattle or sheep; ulwi
applicable for cutting chicory; the knives with the
greatest cutting surface, represented in the annexed cut.
Measn. Key and Mitchell'a Fat«nt Double-acting Tumip-cutlt-r.
Hose for liquid manure, fire-engines, and sliiiiping
puri)0se8, mode of canvas, lined and coated with giitta
percha.
Registered union joint, for connecting lengths of huse,
mode of gutta percha.
Lift pump, made entirely of gutta percha, for acidK,
liquid manure, &o. ; mauufactui'ed by the Qutta Perclm
Company.
Davy's patent India-rubber elastic and water-proof
saddles and collars ; the former affording a firm seat to
the rider on an elastic material ; the latter, as well aa
the former, protecting horses from being wrung in the
shoulders, back, withers, &c.
238 Cambridoe, William, Temple Gate, Bristol-
Inventor and Patentee.
Patent press- wheel roller, or clod-crusher, composed of
wheels with thin cutting edges, revolving sepanvtely on n
round spindle; used for lands affected with wire- worm or
slug, leaving the land so firm that they cannot work
through.
239 Whitehead, John, Preston, LmwiMre —
Inventor and Mimufacturer.
A machine for the manufacture of dmining-pipcH niul
tilex, with screening apparatus for separating Htones aiul
roots from the uluy. It will make pipu.s or tiles of nny
[Unitek
Kino DOM '.]
on upringi), witli
«ud wought-iron
ur light n . i; iwy
dbiton for No». I,
ufnoturera.
Ml improved con-
t8 boiiig kopt low,
e, mlnpted for m
1 Street—
by Charles Jmuufl
irovement e()iiHist.<
1 introduce u laiger
rhe valves nre m
g choked ; aiid, if
blacksmith could
ir cutting tuniipH,
;lo or sheen; uIho
knives with tlie
the nunexud cut.
MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.
Ok tub South Hiub : Ahkah N. O. 1 > 1*. Q. K, 1 to 27.
307
■g Tiimip-cutlvr.
nnd 8liippin)<
ated with giittii
lengtliB of hose,
rcha, for acids,
e Gutta Perclin
ind water-proof
? a finn seat to
tter, 08 well na
B wrung in the
e, Bristol —
sr, composed of
separately on a
1 wire-worm or
y cannot work
vishire —
niug-pipen and
ing Btones and
[>r tiles of any
fonn or siM, from 1 to 15 inohes in diameter, and of any
leiiRth to -27 inohea.
New machine for making and pressing bricks.
Drain-piiM) and tile-maonlne, with a olay-box at each
eiiil, HO that tiles may be made at one end and oluy
screened at the other, or vice vtriA,
240 Howard, Thomas & Kiikdkrick, /M/onl—
Inventors and Miuiiifiuitururs,
Patent Iron plough, with two wheels, niarkoil X, of a
Hmall size, mode principally of wrought-iron, and intended
for ordinary ploughing, to be used with a ixiir of horsoM.
The annexed out represents this plough.
Howard'! Patent Iron Plough.
Patent iron plough, with two wheels, marked XX.
The moving and cutting parts of this are the same in
principle as the former, but fitted for deeper cultivation
and for stronger lamls,
Patent in)u plough, marked XXX. This plough is of
IB large size, and intende<l for extra deep ploughing. Every
(Nirt is made so strong as to resist large stouos or roots.
It is also fitted with mould boards or breasts, which turn
the furrows over round in the same manner as the Kentish
turn-wrist plough.
Patent iron plough, with two wheels, marked J A.
fitted with a furrow-turner, and a novel appliance to the
wheels, by wliicli the depth of furrow may be regulated
whilst the horses ore in motion.
Patent iron swing-plough. Intended to be used without
wheels, made with wrought-iron framework, &o.
Patent iron double breast or moulding-plough. In-
tended for earthing up or forming ridges or bouts, for
turnips or other roots, or for strikmg water furrows.
Patent subsoil-plough.
Patent double-furrow plough. This plough is like two
ploughs made into one, for the piurpose of ploughing two
furrovrs at one time, and is used upon light loud with
three horses abreast, and one man.
Set of patent iron harrows. Tliis set consists of three
4-beam harrows with whippletree ; covers 91 feet of
ground, and is intended for two horses. ThoNannexed
cut represents these harrows.
Improved double-action cora-mill, intended for kib-
bling or grinding into fine meal, barley, oats, malt, &o.,
and by simply reversing the motion of the fly-wheel, it
will split beans or peas at a rapid rate. It is fitted to bo
driven by horse or steam power, but it can be worked by
hand.
Improved horse-power gear-work, intended for driving
the corn-mill and other machines recpiiiing iioi-se power.
Set of trussed whippletrees, intended for plougiiH,
harrows, &c., where draught bars are required. Sundry
fittings for the plough, &c., and models of imi)1ements.
241 HoLMM & Sons, I'ronjiect I'luce, Nonrich —
Inventors and Manufacturers.
Machine for thrashing groin, and shaking the straw
after it is thrashed; the concaves con l>o adjuHted to luiy
width parallel, and at throe different points, by a new
arrangement of eccentrics; the drum and concaves are
made so as not to injure any grain. Represented in the
annexed cut.
iiililiiiiiiiliUittiii
Howud'i Patent Iron Haiiowa.
Set of patent iron harrows. This set consists of three
3-beam harrows with whippletree, covers 8 feet of
ground, and is intended for two horses.
Set of patent jointed harrows. Pair of patent drag
harrows. These are used on rough fallows, and are ni'-ie
to draw backward and forward ; the latter way to onswer
the purpose of a scarifier; the former for breaking clods.
Patent horse rake, intended for raking hay, com, stub-
ble, or twitch grass. The draft irons are furnished with
a joint and quadrant, by which the teeth may readily be
altered, so to rake upon their points, or set more or less
off the ground.
llolmes'a Tlinwhing Machine.
Machine for all purposes of drilling.
Machine for the purpose of sowing broadcast or in
rows, any kind of artificial manures, as top-dressing,
either in a moist or dry state, such as guano, nitrate of
soda, salt, soot, &c. ; fitted with the registered wheels,
slides, &c., by which a sliding motion as well as rotary
is given to the stiiTcrs : with other improvements.
Represented in the annexed cut.
ilolmcs'a MuiiiirL' Sowinjj; Macliine.
S98
Clam 9.— AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL
On the Huuth Side : Ahras N. O. 1 ; V. Q. H. 1 to 27.
[Unitki)
Reglatared hone-lever rake for gathering hay and com;
it may liliewiae be iiHed for oouoh or utiibbleii.
Machine for drilling turnip* and uiaiigHlwurzel leedii,
with or without manure, either on tho ridge or Hat.
Barley aveller, or huntraelling inaohiuo, for taking off
the haulmi of barlev. The Hpindlen are mode to work
quite through, admitting an extra crank at the lower ead,
which, running in half boxes, can be acrewud down oa it
wean, with other iiuprovemeuta.
Oom-dreuing, or winnowing machine. The Rpindloa
are made to work in half brot^nR, which are placed in a
strong iron frame.
Hand-barrow drill, for depositing two row* of tumipa,
mangelwurzel, and carrot needs, on the ridge or flat, and
at any requireil diritance.
Newly uivented machine for sowing grass seeds, to be
worked by hand.
Turnip and mangel wurzel, and manure drilling maohine,
with one lever, fitted with two boxea, one for manure
and the other for turnips and mangelwurcel seeds, &o.
One-row lever drill for tumiua and mangelwurzel
eetids, adapted for ridge ploughed lands or flat work.
Turnip and mangelwurzel cutter, which can be altered
in a few minutes to cutting for beasts or sheep.
242
Clatton, Shuttlewortr, & Co., Lincoln-
Manufacturers.
Six horse-power portable steam-engine, of an improved
and simple construction, moimted upon four wheels,
which, from its extreme lightness, is easily moved from
place to place ; the whole arrangement is simple and
compact. It has a starting lever and safety valve (which
are acted u^ran by Salter's spring balance), a water and
steam gauge-cock, feed-pump, and steam whistle, all
within reach of the driver, and is well adapted for agri-
cultural, builders', and contractors' purposes, such ns
threshing, grinding, sawing, pumping, &o. The annexed
out represents this steam-engine in the state in which it
is ready for use. Power is communicated by a leather
band round the fly-wheel, or the pulley on the other side
of the fly-wheel.
Clayton and Shuitleworth'i Six Horn-power Portable Steam-ntgine.
Improved registered grinding-mill, suitable for all
grain, consisting of a pair of portable registered French
mill-stones, 2 feet 8 inches in diameter, adapted for
ateam or for water-power, and are fixed in n metal cylin-
drical frame. ThiB arangement is represented in the
annexed cut.
Clayton and Hlmttleworth'i Mill.
_ Improved registered combined thrashing, shaking,
riddling, and blowing-machine. The annexed out repre-
sents this maohine.
Cinyton and Hliuttlewurtli'a Tliraaliinj; Machine.
The chief novelty in this machine is the registered
vibrating trough, which is suspended by four links, and
extends the whole length of the machine and straw-
shaker, having a reciprocating motion given to it by
means of a crank. But by means of the vibrating trough,
the whole quantity of the pulse, as it drops from the
thrashing-drum and straw-shak'jr, is caught and passed
over a riddle under which the blast is directed; thereby
effectually separating the com, chaff, and pulse fron,
each other, each being discharged into the places assigned
for them.
243 Marriott, Joseph, 74 Oracechurch Street —
Designer and Manufacturer.
New cottage beehive, for obtaining honey without
destroying the bees. Bell glasses of honeycomb, as
worked by the bees from the some. Olass box of honey,
as specimen of finished and unfinished comb. Qlass jars
of pure run honey granulated. Clarified honey. Speci-
mens of queen and other bees. Improved beehives, &c.
246 West, William, Leicester — Inventor and
Manufacturer.
Drill, for sowing corn and turnips. Hand seed-drill,
to work with cajw ; and for sowing turnips, mangelwurzel.
KiNODOM.J
MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.
On the South Side : Areas N. O. 1 j P. Q. R. 1 to 27.
399
onloiu, or grain, neaa, &o., either on the ridge or on the
tiat, and in any given quantity.
248 M'Cahtmet h Drummond, Cimnoc*— Designer!
and Maniifauturem.
Thnuihing-niuohine, in uiuit-iron framing, with riddle*,
fniiM, mill ulevatora. The riddle i« placed undur the iiiouhine.
Tlio gmin Im ntlMed hy elevntom to the fuiia placed on the
top of the niiiuhine fur dreuin^ the gmin. It hoa an iin-
firovument for ihifting the rollem and drum-cover, hy a
mnd-wheel and levem in front, to suit the different kinds
of groin.
Improved construction of horse-wheel, and other parts
of Knaring, for safety to machinery from a sudden start
(if tne horses ; also for preventing the drawing shafts from
coming on the horse, when stopped, by the velocity of
inside machinery.
A peg-hummellnr, for thrashing barley.
The fans, though placed on the top of the machine,
can be placed in the granary above, or under it, when
more convenient.
248a
Weeks, J., & Co., Kinu'a Rami, Chelien—
inventors and Manufacturers.
Cylindrical revolving furnace bars, consuming the
smoke, and diminishing the consumption of fuel. A
slow rotary movement is given to eaoh of the cylinders,
which presents cool bars to the heat of the fire about
every fifteen minutes, and equally distributes the fire
throughout the furnace.
Model of an ornamental conservatory, with improve-
ments in ventilation. This conservatory is represented
in the annexed cut.
Weeks and Co.'i Conservator;.
Boiler, for rapidly heating water.
Glazed light, for a common forcing-house or pit; of
new construction, with improvements in ventilation.
Pedestal ; for warming buildings by hot water, exposing
a heating surface of 70 superficial feet.
Stack of pipes for warming buildings by hot water, ex-
posing a heatmg surface of 50 superficial feet.
248b Thompson, Henry A., Leices — Manufacturer.
Set of improved entrance gates, with oast-iron piers,
constructed upon improved principles: they are com-
posed of irou and wood, without mortice, mitre, dovetail,
nail, screw, cement, or glue, and combining strength
with durability. They are trussed-braced with saltier
crosses between uprights, with bevelled abutments, simi-
lar to the king-post which supports a bam roof.
The plan of these gates prevents their dropping from
long wear or ill usage ; and their power of resistance is
very great. They are hung to, close by themselves, and
the mountings are of peculiar construction; the upper
ride hook oscillates to adapt itself to thu position of the
gate, and the lower joint is a combination of -levers to
produce an elliptical and eccentric motion, necessary to
make the gate shut itself: in the latch, is a friction roller,
and a secret fastening to enable it to be locked with a key.
These improvements enable them to swing without sus-
taining that severe shock in their oscillating motion, when
they arrive at the centre, as in gates hung on the common
method.
Portable steam cooking apparatus, for cooking all kinds
of vegetables, linaee<l compounds, out-stuff hay, &o. It
oonaiata of a cylindrical steam -generating boiler, with
dome top, suiiported on iron le^a, between which is an
iron umIi-ihui, containing water to iirovent danger from
H|)arkii, &c. On one side of the boiler ia placed an iron
cookiiiK vessel, with perforated double bottom, for steaming
vogutaliles, which is suf)|H)rted on oentro gudgeons, so that
the contents may be tipped into a wheelbarrow or other
recoptiiclu without dismounting the vomhuI. There ia also
attached to the boiler, aimtent compound tube for cooking
linseed, coiiipoat, or for boiling water. On the opposite
side is a syphon pipe, dipping near to the bottom of cook-
ing ooiii|M)st in the tub, through which the waste steara
l>asses; the agitation occasioned by this supersedes the
necessity of stirring.
8et of cast-steel measures for com, seeds, &c., from
a quart to a bushel ; intended to supersede woodon mea-
sures. The top of each is strengthened by a steel hoop,
which is hardened, to prevent wear; enclosed by this hoop,
and vixible on the inside, is a copper medallion, to receive
the inH|>octor's stamp.
Portable liquid manure-forcing pump, agricultural fire-
engine, and irrigating machine, with an air-vessel upon a
peculiar principle, and arranged on on iron wheelbarrow.
Portable pump or tripod-stand, adapted for raising liquid
manure or water out of tanks, ponds, &o. The hose-uipe
is made of patent vulcanised India-rubber: it has a helical
wire-spring running through its entire length, to prevent
it from collapsing; and at the end is a strong copper
strainer. The pump has a metallic bucket, and metal
seats to all the valves. The valves are all formed of
vulcanised India-rubber, with metal tops; and the bucket
packing of gutta percha.
249 WlMON, Jameb, Kelso, Rnx-burghshire — Designer.
Model of an improved seed-box for a turnip-sowing
machine.
250 Brown & Archbolu, Horsley, Tijne Side, Newcastle-
upon- Ti/iie — Inventors and .^lanufacturers.
Miniature model machine for cleaning com and grain.
252 Philups, Charles, & Co., Baptist Mills Foundry,
Bristol — Manufacturers.
Patent turnip-cutter, to out for sheep by turning it one
way, and, by reversal of motion, to cut for other pur-
poses. In this machine the knives that cut for sheep
have an oblique edge; there is a grating under the barrel
of the machine, by which the last piece of each turnip is
prevented from escaping unslit; and the hopper has a
rocking motion, by which the wedging-up of the tiunips
is prevented.
253 Fleming, QEORaE, TmMam, Neiccastk-under-Lyme
— Inventor.
Machine for destroying weeds, moss, lichens, &c., on
gravel-walks, court-yards, &c., it consists of a boiler,
holding 30 gallons of water, with a furnace and iron-pipe
chimney, and moves upon three broad wheels. In every
gallon of water about '2 lbs. of common salt are dissolved;
the mixture, when in a boiling state, is applied to the
walks, &c., through a horizontal tube fixed behind the
machine, under the furnace door.
254 Ralston, W., Afalletshe>ujh, Newton, Renfrewshire
— Inventor and Manufacturer.
Machine for winnowing all kinds of grain ; with a cloth
and revolving brush, for separating the groin from burn.
255 Stokes, William, Dean, near Shepton Mallet,
Somerset — Inventor.
Treble cheese-press, and curd-mill.
255a Siebe, Aooustus, 5 Denmark Street, Soho —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Patent rotatory garden and house fire-engine pump,
with improved hose and jet. This apparatus is shown in
the following out.
400
Ci.AM 0.— AORICULTJTHAL ANP H()in'I(!lTLTlIIlAL
On tmr HmiTii Hum : Aurah N. O. I ; l>. Q. It. 1 to 27.
257a
TNiTrn
KvlM't Itrttnt HoUlory UtrdMi I'limp.
250 Smith, John, Adnrt fiim Wurkt, Uxhi'Uje—
Inventor.
I'nteut ohnfT-ciitter, oylindrionl iron Rifter, tliiiwliinff-
niAvhlno, biu'loy hunun«ll«r, oat luid Iwan mill, ii-on Hlcini
ploiiKli, winnowing uiiiohine, titniip-uiittor, jdc. Tliiw
niHchine n represeuttxl in tho annexed cut.
Smith'* Pttent ChalTcuttar.
The novelty claimed for this machine consiHts in placing
the axle upon which the knives are fogtened within the
range of the long way of the mouth-piece, instead of the
short way, as in others ; thereby placing the shaft directly
over the work, and having the weight of the fly-whuel
upon the stuff. The friction on the bearings is tims re-
duced, and the active power of the knife is increased.
267 Wabren, Jusbpb, Hei/bruige, near MaUotx, Eitaex —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Novel regulation ploughs.
Turn-wrist or perpetual furrow plough, to turn the land
or furrows all in one direction, and dispense with all waste
of open furrow.
Adjustable screw plough. Revolving calendar roll.
Hand machine adapted for hoeing all kindr of corn and
root plants, mountecl on wheels.
Broad share or triangle plough, for top cleaning and
paring off the weeds, and general cultivation.
Alarm gun, giving four distinct reports, which may be
heard at a considerable dlHtance.
Spring alarm. When placed in a box, it works a rack
wheel, and communicates with a bell, on which is fixed
a wire, that causes it to ring by the lightest touch.
Skim plough for hoeing and cleaning land.
JuHMioK, Tun*, (with Mr, Kimnkar) \iiniuiu--
iipim- I'fiiw — Inventor.
MiHlel of a tnnchiu* for luwing wheat Mid barley, with
a hiu-row attached.
268 McPllKRSON, P., Niitl'm Vhrt, KiHnhmijh — Iiii|iort«)r.
Improved mill for breaking, skutuhing, and pru|Htriiig
flax, and adapting it for lutokling.
261) Si'URaiN, John, M.I>. (Imlil/oril ffl., Ftimirll Siiiu'iv.
Double hoe. ^luu'k's■tooth■Mha|l«<l hue luid spuil.
260a Winton, H., lUrmuujhiiin — Manufnoturer,
Simdes and other itgricultunil implements.
261)8 BiiRCHAM, Chari.ks, Ifitichiim, mire Lynn—
Inventor and Manufiustimir.
Model of a ntuani and haiid-|Hjwer tillage ntauhino niul
irrigator.
260c Hay, Jamrs, Flurnbun't, //m/i/iw/ton— Inventor.
Implement for cutting turnips for sheep and cattle,
2U2 Sral, S., tV'ii^«/i'c'/(i— Manufacturer. '
Scythe-stones. Orindstones.
2ft2A Craio, Jam»», ft Co., /'iii»/d,v— Monufnoturrrn.
Various sizes of drain piitus and tiles, for field dniiniigc,
manufactured from common clay.
2C2b RownoTToM, John, IMifiix — Inventor.
Beehive, or booskip, with ornamental emliolliMlu'il
iiedesbd, for taking honey without destroying the liivu or
bees.
263 DiaoRi La Touchk, llev. Thomas, KillennnU;
/reliiml — Inventor.
1 . Model of a cart, made without nioi-tices.
2. Model of a carriage, which admits of high furo-
wheels, turning on their own centre ; and ruquiruH ii»
private bolt.
:<. Model of a grubber, pulverising to the depth of
l.'t inches.
4. Model of a harrow, on wheels, intended to cloiir
the ground of weeds.
.''i. Model of a scufflor, of light draught, for oloniiiiig
between green crops.
6. Model of a turnip-dibbler.
7. Apparatus for making butter without handling.
8. A ball-iron, wluch leaves the boll ut tho root of thr
tongue, without startling the horse.
264 Low, Alexander, 72 Overgnte, Dmutce — Inventor.
A mouth-bag for horses ; the front being made of nut
or gauze-wire.
Double water-furrow roller plough, having tho voUur
placed on the bottom of the stilts behind tho doublo
mould bnaixls, and a bulge on tho centre to fonii the
water furrow, and also to press down tho xideH of tliu
furrow, making the ridge broiul, and the water funuw
narrow.
265
Daniell, J. C, Simpley Stoke, near Bath —
I'roducer.
Samples of manure and food for. cattle.
266 Smith, Alexander & William, & Co., llV«o</si(/i-
Works, Paiateii — Inventors and Manufncturcrs.
Registered centrifugal churn for making butter. Tlio
novelty consists in tlie milk being drawn up from tlie
bottom by the velocity of the cone or disc, au<l thrown
out at the top, in broken portions, with great force, bo
that none of the milk escapes thorough agitation. Tlieno
machines are constructed to churn from h to 100 gallotis.
New steaming apparatus, for preparing food forhorsen,
cattle, &c. The boiler and vessels are of malleable iron.
Com and bean-bruising machine.
[UNiTr,i>
INKAB) Xarnutlf
t ami bwluy, witli
nj?, niitl |iii|iuiiiiK
'/., liiuirtl SiiHi'iv.
IK) nnil ii|)iii|,
iiifitctiiror,
leiitii.
•nr Lynn —
111'.
\i^n iiukuliino mill
on— Iiiveiitiir.
lej) Mill cuttlu.
turer,
'anufootui'rrH.
'or field (lniiimj,'o,
nvontor,
ital embolliHlii-d
lyiiiK tliu liivu III-
I, KillcHdiilf,
;ice«i.
ta of high foro-
Old ruiiiiirefi ni>
the do|ith of
leaded to cluiir
it, for olo.-iiiiii);
t hnndlinf?,
the root of the
W — Invoutor.
ng iiiado (if nut
ring tho rnlltir
lid tlio diiublu
0 to fonii tliu
10 MideH (if thu
wiitor fuiTuw
«/• I3(it/i —
cturcrB.
Imtter. Tho
vi|i frniii tlio
, nud thrown
?reRt foroi!. so
ition. ThcHO
lOOgnlloiiH.
[)d for horses,
leable iron.
KiNtlUOM.J
MACHINKH AND IMIi.KMKNTS.
Oil rm South Hidh ; Amah N. (). 1 ; P. g. It. 1 to 27.
401
Hny and itnkw outttuK-nMchiiie.
Citrt kiid oattia wolKhiiiK-iiinvhintt ; iliowinKtha weight
of oattle aiid ihueu, and farm priHliiuu, from 1 lb. to two
tuna. It ia ftoiitatiied in a oaatlron t'lwu.
Jack welgliiuK-niauhine, fur barn (luriioaaa, to weigh
from I lb. to thrtttt owt.
Modul <j1 ivittfr-whetil and augikriiilll.
207 Omant, Joikpii (.'(m>kb, .V(.i/n, nn/— Inventor and
Mainifaoturer.
I'lttunt JHViir hnnu) rake, lor colliictiug hay, corn, atiih-
bill, twitch, Av.
I'll font lever |i(>iiy riik<^.
I'mr of t «tent lover hi leaning harrowi,
L«vi)r li' '! hoe.
IinpluniontM with improvemontrt
Hnyiimking nincliiiio.
1'hi'ciU'knife chatt' iua(diina.
Two-knife ohalT machine.
Weighing-iiinohine, with wroiight-iron benin.
Iron ploiigha for heavy aiid light land,
Iron tube whipplotreea for four liometi.
Light-iron tubie whippletreea.
Wooden whippletreea.
New garden drill for aowiug garden ae«ida.
Mill tor grinding beaiu.
Uley cultivator, with wrought-irou fVaine.
Norfolk dock or thiatle extractor, in iron and wood.
Liniieed com and bean mill.
Norfolk hand-drill, for aowing tumiiw wh«n the crop
hai partially failed.
Sundry modela.
268 Stuart, J., Abtrdnm—Jiealgaw and Manufitotiirer.
Two-horae plough, adapted for either double or aingle
mould-board, with ahiftlng coulter.
Two or three honie double or aingle mould-board
plough, convertible into a aubaoil plough.
209 JoNU, C. E., B.A., Birh IfuuM, HiuUerxficUl—
Co-inventor.
Double cottage beehive, with regulating doorway in
the floor-board. Invented by the exhibitor.
Specimen of the adaptation of the common cottage
straw hive to certain iinprovementa, made alao by the
exhibitor.
Double rim for enlarging the double cottage beehive
previoua to aworming ; with on improved method of
obtaining virgin honey in the comb without diaturbing
the beea in the parent hive; invented by J. Beaumont,
Netherton, near Hudderafleld.
269a FoRBEa, R. B., aiaigow.
A Scotch farm cart.
269d Sandem, S., .Sirmin(/Aam— Manufacturer.
Improved garden apadea, draining toola, and ahovela.
270 Smith, Wiluam, Ketteriiuf, Mrthamptonc':'>-c—
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Improved double-bhiat winnowing moohine, for d jiing
corn and aeeda. A portable board is turned bacK .n the
hopper, ao that it give* the rollers the power of pulling
the com in a rough atate through from the thrashing
machine, without stoppage.
New horse-hoe, simple in construction, and principally
formed of wrought iron. It ia drawn with shtrfts ; and
the wheels may be expanded or contracted, so aa to be
kept between the rows of the plants.
A similar mitcbine for hoeing on the ridge or on the flat.
271 'y^VJiVOKO 8e Sana— Boston and Skirlxfck L-on Works,
Boston, Lincolnshire — Manufacturers.
Patent six-horse power portable housed steam-engine,
for thrashing, grinding, sawing, pumping, and general
agricultural purposes. The improvvjient consists in
arranging the working parts, and enclosing them in a
box of bouse, to protect them from the grit and dirt of
[9.]
fai'ra work, ft'oiii the weather, and from all iinproiiar
interferunuo, by iMiliig looked. The cylimlur Iwing uprighti
it will not wear ovul ait when plueed liorixoiitally.
Four liorMt power engine, on the aiuiie prini)i|ila as tli«
prooediiig.
272 1'i.KNTr, J. k K. Pki.i.rw, ff^u-hm-n, llfrht—
Inventom and Maiiufiioturem.
Four-horM |Miwer iMjrtuliiu thnwhingiiiauhliM to thnwh
on Ita whevis,
Mochiiui for proiMiiig or baggiiig hopa,
274 KKHMAnKR, John, k Hons, l%mi.r [nm Wmks,
>V/niiii/ — Mnnufiit'tiirel'H.
ClmfT'Ciitter, with tho knlvua Net obli(|u«ly, r.nd havlrg
MuiTuted edges; aUo, for cutting hay, atritw, &o.
I'litent graiM-oiitter, for oiitting tlie gnu«N on lawns,
jiluosure grounds, &c., repreaented iu the annexed out,
Fembro'ii I'utent Gnu-eutter.
Set of regiatored screw-wrenches.
275
LoMAX, William Rothwell, Binningham —
Inventor and Patentee.
Patent cha£f-cutter. The novelty of this machine
oonaiata in the position of the shaft or axis upon which
the knives are fastened ; thia being within the range of
the long way of the mouth-piece, givea the knives about
six times the usual amount of draught, and causes them
to out, instead of chopping. The weight of the fly-wheel
is directly upon the stuff, which reduces the friction upon
the bearing, and renders the cut lighter. The shaft has a
bearing on both sides of the knives, ao that they cut
clear.
Patent turnip-cutter.
277 Upfill, E., Birmingham, Warwick,
Wrought-iron sheep-fold.
Hay -rack for feeding sheep.
Improved apparatus for melting pitch and tar.
Tree guard.
278 RiCKMAN, W. C, 21 Park Side, Hyde Park
Comer — Inventor.
Farmer's level.
{In North Transept Gallery.)
290 Neighbour, Georoe &. Sos, 127 High Holbom,
— Inventors and Manufacturers.
The improved cottage beehive working bell-glas-ies,
item which a gloss of the purest honey ma}r be taken
during the most vigorous period of the gathering season
without injury to the bees. It consists of a stock-hive,
[Official IixusxrATED Catalooue.]
2G
'102
Class 9.--AaRICULTlJllAL AND HORTICULTURAL
On tiik i^oiiTH Side : Aheas N. O. 1 ; P. \ R. 1 to 27.
[United
hnviiig three windows, with a thermometer affixed aoroaa
the centre one.
The ladies' observatory hive, made of stout gloss, with
a cover neatly made of straw; adapted for advancing and
perfecting the knowledge of the habits and economy of
the honey-bee.
The improved single-box hive, conBtrncted on similar
principles to the former ; ftirnished with a ventilator
between the stock-hive and the gln«s above; thus efTuc-
tiially preventing any impurity of tlie honey deposited
therein,
Nntt's collateral hive, for the humane maiia.''oinont of
honey-bees, and fi-om its oonstruotion obviating the ne-
cessity of swarming.
Taylor's amateur's beehive, consisting of three boxes,
with b:u's fitted lit proper intervals, thus rendering avail-
able each comb fur sepamto extraction.
Specimens of honey and honey-comb taken from the
above in 1850.
Newly-invented beo-foedei's, mode of zinc, glass (with
a supply fountain), wood, &c.
Honey-cutters or beo-kuives, &o. Also, closely adjoin-
ing the group of untenanted beehives are tlu-ee lirln;/
liivcM, with th') \i"VM iii'luNtriously at work.
I
Neighbour's Clottagi", Olwcrvatory, iind other Beehives.
2yl Mll-TON, John, 10 Great Mary-leboiie Street-
Producer.
The " Roval Alfred Hive." This is the centre hive in
the annexed illuftrntions. This liivo is conveniently some portion of the day.
.adapted for the purpose of taking the honey without
destroying the bees; and is suitable for tlie conservatory,
library, or any room where the sun's rays come during
Milton'ii llce-Ilives.
The Town Mansion Hive. The inmates of this hive been kejit until now in a socludod spot bordering upon
consist of four first swarms of July, 18.'.0, from fi>urdis- ahoatli. ,
tinct families or stocks or bees ; thus demonstrating that The Unicomb or Mirror Hive. The "nnicomb, or one-
n very considerable number of bees from various .lucons comb hive, is so constructed that the moveinents of every
will work together in perfect harmony. They have bee can be observed.
Kingdom.]
MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.
On the South Side : Akeas N. O. 1 ; P. Q. R. 1 to 27.
408
ting of three boxen,
;hua rendering avail-
in,
imb taken from the
I of zinc, glass (with
Also, closely ndjoin-
ives are three /iV/ny
work.
In addition to the bees contained in the' glass case, are
various beehives made of cork, wood, and straw. There
are also models of beehives and apiaries, and a glass of
honey gathered in the year 1837. This specimen is ex-
hibited to prove the extraordinary length of time pure
honey can be preserved. It weighs 26 lbs.
Bar and frame hive, invented by William Augustus
Munn, Esq., Throwley House, near Feversham, Kent,
The advantages claimed consists in the whole of the in-
terior of the hive being open to inspection at any moment, ,
and a choice can be made of the combs containing the
most honey, &c., and this without the assistance of smoke,
as each bee-frame, and the bees and combs contained in it,
can be drawn up and examined in the observation frame
(as shown in the adjoining sketch) without interfering
with any other pai-t of the hive,, o*- occasi ining the loss,
or even escape of a single bee. The hive is shown in
operation, with the comb brought into the observation
frame; one frame is also seen through the side of the
box, to show how it is suspended in the triangular case.
the honoy witliniit
or the conservatory,
B rays come during
Munn's IJar and Frame Ueeliive,
lot bordering upon
unicomb," orone-
loveinents of every
n 2
PHILOSOPHICAL, MUSICAL, HOROLOGICAL, AND SURGICAL
INSTRUMENTS.
INTRODUCTION.
The advance of physical science receives its illustration in a variety of directions among the objects collected
toj^ether under this Class. The i ro;j:reas of exiierimental philosophy may be gathered, in a degree, from tlio
IKjrfection of the instruments it employs ; for while it is certain that in some sciences much has been accom-
plished by the aid of rude and imiierfect means, it is equally true that in others the perfection of the a])paratu3
is essentiii! to that of the knowledge sought to be established by deductions drawn from its indications. 'J'he
delicacy of a balance ia necessary to the accuracy of a chemical experiment, and therefore to that of the facts
it is used to develo)), as also is the achromatism of a microscope, or a photographic lens to the development of
the optical images, and to the results sought to Ix) obtained therefrom : chemistry, microscopical sciences, and
photogra]ihy, are consequently largely dependent for their progress upon the instruments by the use of which
they are to proceed. The same cannot lie said of surgical instruments, for in their use the operator may com-
mand success by his skill, notwithstanding the imperfections of his apparatus. Nevertheless, the present state
of surgery, and the attention bestowed upon it, may l« gathered from the inspection of the refined and com-
plicated ajiparatus offered for its ailvancement. As one of the results of the splendid and enduring system of
knowledge, and of its jiursuits — promulgated by Bacon in the " Novum Organon," the system since called
Experimental Philosophy — objects in this Class wear a jieculiar interest, representing the means employed by
man for the establishment and develoimient of inductive science.
This Class includes instmments employed for a variety of philosophical purjioses ; it also comprises musical,
horological, find surgical instnmients and a]iparatus. It may consequently be considered under three Suli-
Classes. The first comprehends — A. Instruments for the measurement of space, such as Transit Instruments,
Quadrants, Sextants, Telescojies, Microscopes, Theodolites, &c. ; H. Instruments to measure the eflects ol'
mechanical and physical forces, as Dynamometers, Balances, Thermometers, &c. ; C. Instruments to illustrate
the Laws of Mechanical and Physical Science ; I). Application of mechanical and physical science to useful
purposes not included in any of the preceding or sulwequent sections, such as instruments connected with
Mechanics, Sound, Light, Heat, Magnetism, and Electricity ; E. Conii)rehends Chemical and Pharmaceutical
Api>aratus. The SulvClass, Musical Instmments, comprises — A. Wind Instruments, in wood and metal, as
Flutes, Bassoons, Horns, Trumpets, &c. ; B. Stringed Instruments, as Hari)s, Guitars, &c. ; C. Keyed Instru-
ments, with fixed tones, such as Organs, Pianofortes, Accordions ; D. Instruments of jtercussion, as Drums
and Cymbals ; E. Automatic Instruments ; and F. Miscellaneous articles in connexion with musical instru-
meuts. The Sulj-Class, Horology, contains — A. Great Clocks for Churches and Public Buildings in general,
including Electric or Magneto-Electric Clocks ; B. Astronomical Clocks ; C. Clocks applied in registration.
D. Clocks showing different phenomena; E. Clocks for ordinary pur[)08es ; F. Clocks of an ornamental
description; G. Sundries apjMicable to clocks ; H. Marine Chronometers ; I. Pocket watches of various descrip-
tions ; J. Watches for ditt'eront markets. The remaining Sub-Class, Surgical Instruments, includes a variety of
apparatus adai>ted to the i>orformance of operations in diflerent parts of the human body, together with the
philosophical apparatus enqiloyed by the surgeon in the investigation and treatment of disease. It also
embraces the instruments em|>loyed in Veterinary Surgery.
The large astronomical telescoi)e in the Nave, mounted uiion a stand, having equatorial movements and
eomi)!ete adjustments, is an interesting memlier of this Class. It is a refracting instrument, and possesses an
object-glass nearly 12 inches in diameter. Telcacojies of a smaller calibre, and adapted for diflerent piirposcs,
are also <'xhihitcd near it. But the general arrangement of the objects rei)resentative of this Class is to bo
sought in the Central North Gallery. This gallery is reached by ascending the stairs near the North Transept.
On entering it, and proceeding past the articles in glass, which arc also placed here, the commencement of this
Cla.s8 ip met with at Area I. 22. From this, point it extends to the western termination of this gallery. The
interspace Ixitween the North and South Central Galleries is also devoted to it, and a portion of the South
Central (iallery, from M. 3 to M. 8, contains various articles included in this Class. Proceeding westward, iu
the Central North Gallery, musical instnunents are first encountered, including a variety of organs, harps,
))ianos, &c. Succeeding to these are philosophical instruments, electric telegraphs, daguerreotype apparatus,
and siwcimens of photography : beyond are globes and astronomical apparatus. In the South Central Gallery
are watches and clocks. A ]mrt of the North Gallery, devoted to surgical instruments, and occupying the
space between F. 15 an 1 1'. 21, also belongs to this Class.
PHILOSOPHICAL, MUSICAL, HOROLOGICAL, &c.
North, North Central, and South Ckntral Galleries.
405
The science of horology is illustrated on the gte&t as well as on the small scale in the large clocks and the
minute clironometers exhibited in this Class. The large uli-ctric clock, the hands of which are seen projecting
over the south entrance of the Transept, is an interesting exami>le of the application of the force of elcctro-
ma^nietism to move mechanical arrangements for the measurement of time. A small galvanic battery keeps
this large instrument, and several other clocks in the Building, in regular movement. The ribs of the 'J'ran-
sept have been made to represent the dial, and show the hours from 6 a.m. to 6 p.m. Other electric clocks on
a smaller scale are shown, and exhibit various ingenious arrangements intended to effect the same end. Self-
rejistering, astronomical, and other clocks are likewise exhibited. In some of the large cl»>cks for churches and
public buildings, one of which is in the Nave, and others are at the termination of the Galleries, new principles
of suspension and compensation of the pendulum and of escapement are introduced. Much in^^cnuity has often
been exjiended upon clocks with a view of communicating to them the jwwer of indicating, in addition to
ordinary time, that of different places, and of different perioilical occurrences, as the rise and fall of the tide,
tlie day of the month, &c. Several of these clocks are shown, and particularly one which occupied its patient
constructor thirty-four years in its manufacture. The watches and chronometers exhibited have also their
j)eculiar claims to attention. ITie escapements of some of the latter are in part new, and apjiear to promise
favourable results. Several different sjiecimens of watches, adapted for different markets, afford a curious
illustration of the variation of natural tastes — tlie variety of methods iii wliich compensation for the changes
resulting from variations of temperature is obtained lx)th in chronometers and in astronomical and other clocks.
Extremely small watches, as siKJCimens of minute workmanship, are exhibited. The parts of watches and
clocks are likewise included in this Class.
The philosophical instruments exhibited comprise a large number coimected with the display of the pheno-
mena of heat and electricity : the aneroid barometer, in which the mercurial colunm is dispensed with,
and various forms of the ordinary barometer are among them. Klectric conmiunications are now effected by a
variety of apparatus of greater or less facility of application. Printing electric telegraphs, in which a message
is recorded by this agency, upon a chemically-prepared paper, apjiear in various forms with the ordinary needle
telegraph. The methods of electric insulation for telegraph uses are also exhibited. Among these will be
regarded with interest the wires adapted for submarine communication between this country and the Conti-
nent. The magnetic and electric machines, with electro-magnets of great i)ower, are also interesting.
British manufacturers have for some time been making great efforts with a view of producing good optical
glass, and a skilful method of working it into the forms desired for optical purposes. These efforts have been
so highly successful that the glass produced in England is not unfrequently exported and again re-imfwrted as
foreign glass at a much higher price. The protluction of lenses has also greatly improved ; and achromatic
glasses of considerable size, as well as of a smaller kind, arc made with success in this country. Microscopes,
telesco|X!s, and the minor philosophical instruments, arc now of excellent quality and highly-wrought
character.
riiotography is included in this Class, both on plates of silver and glass, and on paper. The most beautiful
siDecimens of sun-drawn pictures are exhibited. DaguerreotyiKJs of every kind, plain and coloured, " enamelled,"
and " crayon," — improvements of recent introduction, and applied to a variety of purposes, — are found here.
The largest daguerreotype probably yet produced, a group of sculpture, is placed in this Class. T'he talbotypes
are also very beautiful, and present a charming evidence of the fidelity and artistic efl'ects capable of being pro-
duced by the pencil of Nature. Photographic apparatus of various kinds, together with the results of curious
photographic experiments, illustrative of the distinct existence of luminous and actinic rays in the solar beam,
are also represented.
A great variety of miscellaneous philosophical apparatus, for popular illustration, and for the purposes of the
experimentalist, is also displaj'cd, and must attract notice. The musical instruments exhibited include peveral
jwwerful organs. That over the West Entrance possesses 80 stops. The organ over the Eastern Entrance
exhibits a new and pleasing arrangement of pii)es, and jwssesses a powerful set of stojis. The organ over the
South Transept Entrance is devoid of a case, and exhibits the internal uirclianism ; it possesses a powerful reed
stop, and other stops. Pianos, harps, seraphines, of new mmlcs of construction, and decorated in a remarkable
maimer, are likewise found here. The instruments of the surgeon have a purely professional value, and will
be sought by those interested in that pursuit.
Hegarding this Class as representing the culminating point of mechanical skill, it forms an appropriate con-
clusion to those devoted to machinery generally. Delicacy and precision of workmanship are absolutely re-
quisite in the industry occupied in producing philosophical apimratus. It will be found, on inspection, that the
genius of this country, so remarkably develoiwd in mechanics aiiplieil to commercial purposes, ia not less
successful in its application to the higher pursuits of experimental and practicfd philosophy. — R. E.
406
1
Class 10.— PHILOSOPHICAL, MUSICAL, HOROLOGICAL,
North, Noiith Central, and South Central Galleries.
[Unite
Bennett, John, 65 C%ivi/)siVfe— Inventor and
Manufacturer.
A regulator, which beats hitlf-Beconds, wth mercurial
pendulum; adapted for reiuling-rooms, railway stnttons,
and other placoa where an exact timo-keepor ia retmired
at a small expense, and whore economy of space is an
object.
Holl clock — in a carved oak cnae, of new design;
chiming the quarters, and striking the hours on a gong.
Finished specimen of marine chronometer.
Model watch, en a niagniflad scale; constructed to show
the most compact form of the modern watch, with all
the rerent improvements; to which is attached a peculiar
mode of regulation, by which the wearer, with one touch
of the regulator (fixed on an endless screw) can correct
any variation of time.
Model watches in gold cases for pocket use; jewelled
in thirteen holes. Comprising, in a simple form, essciitialH
for its correct performance in all climatcn; with u gold
chain of new design. Exhibited to show the introduc-
tion of a variety of ornamental detail, coloured by moans
of diilei'eut buses of alloy, without the aid of cither
enamel or precious stones.
Time-keeper, for railway gun-rds, constructed to com-
bine cheapness, strength, ami exr.c.t perfoi-mauce.
Specimens of standard thermomotei's, with ivory and
box-wood scales.
Bennett's registered illuminated night timepiece, at-
tached to a Palmer's candle lamp, by the burning of
which a spring gives motion to the hands of the dial with
great exactness.
Carriage clock, in rosewood civse, with detached lever
escapements and compensation balance,
A regulator, beating dead seconds, with mercurial pen-
dulum, in the simplest form of case and movement com-
patible with strict nicety of performance.
Cathedral clock dial of plate-gloss, and of new design ;
■weather-proof; with a movement in action.
A wind dial in action from a vane above the roof of the
Exhibition Building, with a self-recording machine for
registering the wind's foi-ce.
2 Adams, F. B., & Sons, 21 St. John's Square,
Ctcrkcn well — Manufacturers .
No. 1. Gold open-face, double-back, cased watch;
enamel dial, first cLiss, full plate movement, lever escape-
ment, capped, eight holes jewelled, and compensated
balance, &c. This description of watch is used in the
northern states of America.
No. 2. Similar watch, with gold dial. This is made at
one-third the cost jf Nos. 1, ;!, or 8.
No. 3. Gold watch; enamel dial, first class, three-
quarter plate movement, duplex escapement, 10 holes
jewelled, compensated balance, &c.
No. 4. Watch like the preceding; three-quarter plate
movement, lever escapement, five holes jewelled, and
gold balance.
Nos. 5, (i, 7, 8. Gold wotches; first class, three-quarter
plate movement, lever eswpoment, full jewelled, compen-
sated balance, &c.
Nos. 9, 10. Gold watches; gold dial, full plate move-
ment, lever escapement, jewelled, plain balance (for
ladies).
Nos. 11, 12. Gold watches; first class, three-quarter
plate movements, lever escapement, eight boles jewelled,
compensated balance, cases enamelled, and oniamentetl
with diamonds.
No. 13. Gobi watch; enainid dial, showing seconds
from the centre, without additional train.
No. 14. Gold, engraved, double-back, hunter-cased
watch; iirrtt class, three-quarter plate movement, duplex
escapement, 12 holes jewelled, compensated baliuic".
This description of watch is used in the East Indies,
Pereia, Spain, and South America.
No. 15. Silver, open face, double-back, cased watch;
lever BHcapoiiicnt, capped, .ind four holes jewelled.
No, 10. .Silver hunter engine-turned watch, vertical
escapement.
No. 17. Silver pair of case watch; vertical escapement.
Nos. 15, 16, i'.nd 17, are used by artizans and labourers.
No. 18. A three-quarter plate finished movement lever
escapement ; eight holes jewelled, gold balimce. This de-
scription of movement is adopted for the purpose of ob-
taining a thin watch.
No. 19. A full plate finished movement, lever escape-
ment, eight holes jewelled, compensation balance, &c.
No. 20. A finished movement, vertical eBeai>enient.
The same workmen, in their various branches, were
employed upon No. 1, the largest, and No. 11, the
smallest of those watches.
3 Olorenshaw, Joskph, & Co., 8 Charles Street,
Northampton Sq. and Oxford Terrace, Coventry —
Manufacturers.
Two-day marine chronometer.
S])ocimens of gold and silver watches and watch move-
ments in three-quarter and full plates, with du[ilex,
patent diamonds, and detached lever escapements.
Variously jewelled and finished.
4 Ordnance Survey Department. — Lieut. -Col. Hall
— Pi'oducer.
Bare-maiisiirini) Apparatus. — Two compensation bars, and
one connecting compensation microscope.
These compensation bars and microscope form part of
a base-measuring apparatus, invented by Major-General
Colby, Royal Engineers, formerly Supermtendent of the
Urduauce Survey.
Description of Compensation Bar. — 1 . The compensation
bar consists of two bai-s of brass and iron, 10 feet 1'5 inch
long, 0-5 inch broad, and 1"5 inch deep, placed 1'125
inch apart, supported on brass rollers, at one-fourth and
three-fourths of their length, and firmly fixed together
at their centres by tmnsvei-se steel cylinders 1'5 inch
in diameter, and being free to expand from or conti-act
towards their centres independently of each other. At the
extremity of, and at right angles to, each of these bars ia
a flat steel tongue, 0'2 inches long, 1-1 inch broad, and
0'25 inch thick; projecting 3'25 inches on the side of the
iron bar, and moving freely on conical brass pivots, rivetted
into the biiiss and iron bars, each axis being perpendicular
to the surface of the tongue, allowing it to be inclined at
slightly diiferent angles to these bars, according to their
expansion from, or contiuction to, their centres. The
centres of the two axes aro at 0"5 inch and 2*3 inches from
the end of the tongue next the brass bai". On the tongue,
and flush with its upper surface, near the extremity, is
inserted a silver pin, with a dot marked on it, as the com-
pensation point.
The bars aro placed in wooden boxes (made of well-
seiuMoned straight-giivined deal), to the bottoms of »vhich
are fixed the plates that hold the brass rollers on which
they are supported, and having in the middle a vertical
bnuss stay, screwed to the box, and passing upwards be-
tween two steel cylindera, to prevent the bars being
moved longitudinally in their casing. To protect the
tongue carrying the compensated point (which projects
beyond the wooden box) from injury, noz/.les are fixed to
the boxes, having a small circular orifice with a lid on the
upper side to allow the dot, or compensation point, to ba
seen.
On one side of the connecting steel cylinders, and at-
tached to the brass bar only, is placed the longitudinal
level, the lid of the box being furnished with a glass
window anil shutter, to enable it to bo observed. Over the
rollers which support the bai-s are two pieces of mettil, for
preventing any sudden jar from striking the h»ra against
the lid of the box. At each end, on the outside of the
bar-l)ox c, thick metal plate is screwed, for the purpose of
finnly fixing a three-armed groove-stand, intended to sup-
port tlio tripod of the compensation microscope; and at
each end of the box are two vaue sights (which shut
down with hinges into grooves), used for placing the
bars approximately in litio.
Kingdom.]
AND HUUOICAL INSTHUMENTS.
North, Nouth Ckntiiai,, ani» South Cknthal Oam.kuies.
407
-Lieut.-Col. Hall
On bo'h sides, at ono-fourth and three-fourths of tlio
lenj?th, arc brass plates, with lioles for receiving tlif miji-cw
which clomps the plate of the tripod-stand (techiiiciiUy
called a C'lHiW) to the box, fur the purpoHO of luljuMtinj;
the bar in a longitudinal direction. The conipoiiHiaion
burs are six in number; the weight of oiwh bar, with its
two brass ends, is lUO lbs.
Description of Compcnsutiim Micruscijic, — 2. The com-
pensation microscope consints of three niicroHCopes, placed
three inches from centre to centre, coniiecteil by two h.ivn
of bniss and iron, 7 inches long, OMi inch broad, and
0'375 inch thick, 2'5 inches apart, iirnily secured togotluir
by moans of a brass collar and cyliudei', forming part of
the tube of the centre or telescopic micro.scopo.
The two bars, carrying with them the outer micro-
scopes, of two inches focal distance, being froo to expiiiid
from, and contmct towards, the central mici oscopo, inde-
pendently of each other; and thereby forming with it
small angles of inclination similar to the steul tong\ics of
the compensation bars. The compensated point of uiicli
is so adjusted as to be in the outer focus of its object
glass. The microscopes revolve on the axis of the tele-
scopic microscope in a tube fastened to a horizontal plate
attached to a tripod-stand with levelling sci'ows, and fur-
nished with longitudinal and lateml adjusting screws. On
cue side, secured to the brass bar, is the spirit-level, for
levelling the microscopes, and on tho other, firndy fixed
to the centres of tho bars by a brass plate, is a telescope,
embraced by a brass collar, with a small cylinder pro-
jecting from one side, which turns in a socket attached to
the plate; thus affording it a vertical motion, allowing
objects to be seen in opposite directions. Tho telescopic
microscope is provided with an adjusting screw, for alter-
ing the focal distance within certain limits, as well as
moveable object glasses of different focal lengths fitting
into the lower end of the tube. The compensation
microscopes are seven in number, tho weight of each
being 7 lbs.
[All the methods adopted in tho measurement of base
linos in trigonometrical surveys which had been in use
previous to the survey of Ireland, depended more or less
for their accuracy on tho knowledge of the temperature
of the bars, &c., used in measuring; but ns the time
which substances occupy in heating or cooling is dependent
upon their nature, mass, &c., it did not appear that any
application of thermometers woultl give the true temper-
ature of a bar throughout its whole length, particularly
when the temperature of tho air itself was undergoing
constant change.
This circumstance led to the application of tho prin-
ciple of compensation used in gridiron pendulums, to
devising an apparatus for measuring a base line. As
metals have different capacities for ho.it, and their sur-
faces have different powers of i-adiation, e.Yponmeiits
were made to equalize the effects of varying temperature
in tho brass and iron bai-s ; and for this purpose tlie brass
bai's were bronzed and varnished, and the iron bars wero
browned, lacquered, and smoked, and the amount of
lamp-black so produced was gradually removed, on suc-
cessive experiments, till the desired effect was obtivined.
—J. a.]
6 Veitch, James, 6 Ocinijton Square, llromptun —
Inventor.
An invention denominated the medico-chirurgical
ambulance, for surgical use on the field of battle,
with an operating table attached thereto. Tho solid
stnicture is 3 feet 4 inches in length, 2 feet in
breadth, to which there is affixed an inclined plane
to raise the shoulders when required. The flap is 2
feet 6 inches in length, and of the same breadth as
the solid structure, and is supported when necessary by
n moveable beam that can be promptly projected from
under the table, which is 2 feet 11 inches in height. Un-
der the body of the table and in tho centre there is a
S(piaro box of ' 'i inches in all directions, with 4 exterior
and lateral divisions of 2 inches in breadth each, 10 inches
in length, and H in depth, for receiving tho coses of am-
putating, trepanning, miscellaneous, and cupping instru-
ments, and they are exteriorly so marked. When amputa-
tion of the thigh, or any other extremity is requ'rod, the
necessary instruments are laid out on the inside of tho
cover of the box just arlveitod to, begimiing with the let-
ter nearest to the limb to bo removed, the first instru-
ment wanted to be placed opjiosite A, and tho second op-
posite H, and so on, according to tho order in which they
are rt'(|uired during tho operation. If a shoulder is to bo
removed, the same arrangements are to be lulopted as in
tliu uiiqiutation of a thigh, with the difference of [ilncing
tho instruments at tho head instead of the lower extre-
mity of the taVilo. The divisions in the centre are in-
tended to receive bandages of (!, of h, of 4, and 3 yards in
length, and U inches in breadth, and they are capable of
giving accommodation to 2ih) of the description noticed.
The dniwers in front marked ligatures are intended to
keep these essential agents of surgery in constant readi-
ness. The drawers marked slips of adhesive plaster indi-
cate the propriety of their being at all times in readiness
for operations and wounds. The compartment marked
fractures is for keeping the splints and bandages necessary
for the treatment of such accidents. The department
marked dislocations indicates that all instruments re-
quired for the reduction of such dislocations are there to
be found.
With these arrangements tho sui-goon can never bo
taken by surprise, and is coneei[nentIy always in a con-
dition to remedy tho effects of wounds and other acci-
dents.
7 IIUTTON, John, 9 Liicfis Place, Commercial Boad East
— Inventor and Manufiicturer.
Lady's gold watch, with patent single compensation
.stud. Gold watch, and silver lover and silver hunting-
watclw.'S, with the same improvement.
Clock, with patent, compensation penrluluin and baro-
metric contrivance, to prevent the variation of rate arising
from the changes in the density of the atmosphere.
Marine chronometer, with patent pneumati'- auxiliary
compensation, for obviating errors in extremes of temper-
atures; this is effected by means of a metallic ther-
mometer, which varies the air space in which the balance
oscillates.
Gold first class watch (called Button's patent lever
chronometer).
Patent lever escapement, showing the parts separately.
Silver pocket chronometer, with improved adjustments.
Gold first class watch, with patent escapement and
spiral spring.
Gold watch, with patent double compensation spring,
stud and patent escapement; adapted for riding, &c.
8 Cracg, John, 8 Xnthnhipton Siptarc, Ctcrkaiuxll
— JIaimfacturcr.
Varieties of gold and silver watches, and a model of
lever movement.
9 Yates, Thomas, Preslon — Inventor, Patentee,
and Manufacturer.
Patent clock, on tho cletached dead-beat principle.
The wheel-work is so arranged that each vibration of tho
bulanoo measures half a second, while in the ordinary
detached lover each vibration measures a quai-ter of a
second. Tlio teeth of the escape-wheel are not so much
undercut as in the ordinary lever. The pallets from the
l)oint of rest are drawn a complete circle to the escape-
wheel teeth ; so that when tho balance returns and unlocks
tho escapement, there is no recoil. This escapement will
carry a heavier balance with less motive power, and con-
sequently will roquiro a stronger balance-spring.
Gold watch, beating dead half seconds.
406
Ci-AHS 10.— PHILOSOPHICAL, MUSICAL, HOROLOOICAL,
North, North Cestrai., and South Central Oalleriem.
L JMITEI)
1 0 LowBV, 8., 3 Lower Charles Street, Northttmpton Sijuare,
Clerkenvell — Inventor and Mnnufaoturer.
Lever watch, to show dead seoonds on the one train
only, with the usnal number of vibrations or beats. In-
vented and registered by the exhibitor.
Gold chronometer, with compensation balance, iso-
chronal spiral, spring rated, and adjusted with other mo-
dern improvements.
Model of the chronometer, or detached escapement,
on an enlarge<l scale.
Small watch, with compensation balance, hard pendu-
lum spring, &c. Plain lever watch.
Movements of dilTerent watches in their rough and
finished state.
Marine chronometers, &c., to show dead and complete
seconds on the ordinary train.
11 CoNNELL, William, 83 CAenpsirff— Manufacturer.
Pair of two-day marine chronometers, Eamshaw's de-
tached escapements; compound balance a4justed for high
temperatures.
12 LosEBY, E. T., 44 Gerriii-d Street, Tslimjton —
Invjntor.
Mercmial compensation balance, exhibiting four modi-
fications.
A regulator, illustrating a new principle in clocks, and
showing an improved form of mercurial pendulum.
An arc compensation.
13 HoLL, Frederick Richard, 8 Wcymmtth Terrace, City
Road — Inventor, Patentee, and Manufacturer.
Gold index pocket-chronometer, with short angle-
locking spring to the escapement, aet-hands at the
pendant.
Gold centre seconds eight-dav pocket chronometer
independent seconds, train, and stop work, with left-
sidea, short, angle-looking spring to the escapement.
Silver thirty -hour pocket chronometer, with right-sided
short angle-locking spring, &o.
Gold compensated duplex index watch, gold dial, set-
hands at the pendant.
Gold compensated lever index watch.
Gold lever index watch (lady's), gold dial.
Silver lever index watch, set-hands on the dial, with
a key, locking spring.
The object of the short angle-locking spring is to make
the angle of the escapement so short that the balance, being
more detached, the chronometer cannot stop in the pocket
from the balance receiving a motion.
The index watches are a new invention, intended to
answer the double purpose of supplying a lever to bend
the main-spring, and also to indicate the number of hours
the watch will go before the power is exhausted.
Gold centre seconds eight-day pocket chronometer,
independent seconds train and ^top work.
Silver thirty -hour pocket chronometer.
Gold compensated duplex index watches.
Gold and silver lever mdex watches.
Index watches, upon a new principle, kept going from
day to day by simply pushing the index.
14 Adams, Thomas, 36 Zomftarrf fif<rerf— Manufacturer.
Black marble timepiece, of chronometrioal movement,
blending the Grecian and Egyptian styles.
Uldelv .^ia, bie Tiiiiepiece, by AUaihs.
Imitation oak timepiece represented in the following
engraving.
Timepiece, with self-acting model of the Royal Observ-
atory, with staff and ball, to rise and drop at one o'clock,
as at Greenwich. Marine chronometer.
1 6 Howell, James, & Co., 9 Regent Street —
' Manufacturers.
Large or-molu clock, representing Jupiter, the twelve
Hours of the Sun, Apollo, and Diana, and Spring and
Autunm strewing flowers and fruit on the earth.
KiNUDOM.]
AUD 8UB0ICAL INSTRUMENTS.
North, North Cbntral, ahd Sooth Central Oallebiks.
400
9ntion, intended to
ying a lever to bend
he number of hours
exhausted.
ocket chronometei'
ork.
ter,
tchea,
I.
lie, kept going from
ex.
■eet — Manufacturer.
liter, the twelve
and Spring and
« earth.
Imitation Oak Timepiece, lijr Adams.
Or-molu clock, representing the four Ages by female
figm'68, and the Seasons by boys, in basso-relievo, and
intermingled with foliage, illustiiitive of the Seasons.
ISoth designed and modelled by Q. Q. Adams, Esq.
17
Webster, Uichard, jun., 74 Co»-»»/iiW— Inventor
and Manufacturer.
Newly-invented train remontoir clock, the novelty of
which is the oombiuatiou of magnetism with clockwork
80 as to obviate friction.
Black marblo Egyptian clock.
18 Ventura, Anoelo Bknedetto, 17 Clmrles Street,
Caveiulish Squart — Inventor and Manufaotui-er.
Harp Ventura, played like the guitar, combining the
tone of that instrument and the harp. Lyra Ventura. New
British Veutui-a. The Venturina. Ventura; new English
Cetra.
19 Delolme, Henry, 48 RatMxme Piece, Oxford
Street — Designer and Manufacturer.
Seven gold watchi'H, and two marine chronometers,
with isochronous pendulum springs. The a4Joiaing cut
represents one of the chronometers.
Dslolme's (Jlironometer.
410
Ci,A88 10.— PHILOSOPHICAL, MUSICAL, HOROLOGICAL,
North, North Cintral, and South Ckntral Oalleriks.
[Unitbd
Specimen of the movfinenta of the preceding, m made
in Lancuhire to the ezhibitur'H calibre.
Two apeoimens of watch movements, to the exhibitor*!
calibre.
Stethometer, to measure the comparatiTe mobility of
the cheat in caaea of diaeane of the lunga,
[The effect of most diseases of the lungs ia to diminiah
the extent of the motion of the walla of the chest. It
becomes consequently often of considerable importance
to ascertain the amount of variation from health in this
respect, since this points out, with approximative accu-
racy, the extent of the disease. The diminished mobility
of one side as compared with its opposite thua affords
important results. The instrument which reveals the
fact is of very simple principles, and was originally in-
vented by Dr. Sibson, F.K.S. It consists essentially of a
dial plate with a moveable index, which is acted upon by
the pressure of the walla of the cheat against a projecting
atud. The extent of the circle described by the index
points out the amount of motion possessed by the walls
of the chest in the side to which it is applied. In the
present instance a tape is placed upon the chest at one
end, and is in connexion with the index of the instru-
ment at the other. Both ends being fixed by gentle
pressure, the degree of expansion of the chest is easily
read off by the extent of the motion of the index on the
dial-plate.— R. E.]
20 Newinoton, S., Hastings — Inventor.
Patent clock, or regulator. A common clock with
spring and balance-wheel ; having the hands and dial -plate
removed, and a dial substituted, which revolves in the
same way as an hour-hand. This ciacn is placed in a flat
round box, and is arranged to show whether a person has
been at a particular spot at any required time.
21 GiBBS, H., 2 Nelson Street,CityBoad—mtk«r.
Watch, showing double time, with improved stop-work.
22 Philoox, George, 89, Oreat Norfolk Street, Borough —
Inventor and Patentee.
Patent marine time-keeper. Ttiis time-keeper is in-
tended to give correct time in taking observations, where
a chronometer is not at hand, or as a companion to a
chronometer. It is adapted for use in locomotive railway
engines, to show the engineer the rate of his speed, being
the only species of escapement not affected by the motion
or tremor of a railway carriage. The construction of the
calibre for the train a a going barrel. The advantage is
getting the motive powe.' close to the centre, and by on
extra wheel in the train taking the escapement further
from the centre, the defects or irregularities of the main
spring have less effect on the time, consequently the
action, or the arcs of vibration, are more regular, and the
time more correct. This titiin is well adapted for chro-
nometers and watches. The timepiece should be wound
up every day, though constructed to go two days. The
escapement beats dead half seconds.
Model of the patent " diamond escapement," as in-
tended for tLc use of marine chronometers. It is much
less expensive than the detent escapement now in use; it
is not affected, as that is, by the sudden motion and
tremor of the vessel, and is not so liable to stop in cold
climates. The locking is intended to be jewelled. This
compensating balance differs from others, having the
arms resting on the brass plate.
A model of a new compensating pendulum. This pen-
dulum is adapted for astronomical and other purposes
requiring correct time, showing how to correct the error
caused by the expansion and contraction of the pen-
dulum rod. The two brass arms, fixed at each end of a
bar of hammered steel, will, as they become heated, ex-
pand, and increase the arc of the circle, thus taking up
the elongation of the steel rods. The brass expanding
about two-thirds more than the steel, will show the pro-
portions required ; and should the expauaion of the arms
De found more than required for the steel rod, an a^junt-
ment of the two screws will correct the error, and, once
at^usted, will always correct itself. This compensating
pendulum is more sunple and convct than mercurial uud
other pendulums.
Patent " double apring," This new principle possesses
many important advantages; it eradicates an error now
existing in the chronometer spring in present use. With
the patent spring the balance of the chronometer will nt
all temperatures remain in the same position unaffected
by heat, and at the extremes of temperature make out
uniform rate (the patentee in this instance uses the com-
pensating balance), thus removing the great effect pro-
duced on the old principle.
23
Chevalier, Benjamin, 41 Brtmstakk Street,
Stamford Street — Manufacturer,
Chronometer cases.
25 Brookes, Joseph, 5 Berkley Court, Clerkenwell
— Manufacturer,
A chi-onometer main-spring for a two-day marine chru<
nometer.
26 FCNNEII,, Edw., 2 Clarence Place, Brighton —
Producer.
Small lever watch, the size of a silver three-hal^nny
piece of the pi^sent reign.
27 QowLAND, James, 52 London Wall — Inventor and
Manufacturer.
Improved ft«e pendulum regulator, for the isochronal
division of time.
Patent tourbillon remontoir chronometer, in which the
impulse is imparted to the balance through the baUnee
spring, its stud being advanced one degree or tooth of
the locking-plate at each oscillation.
Large model of the escapement.
Model of Eamshaw's escapement.
Skeleton clock with improved compensation pendulum.
Model of an improved anemometer and wind-dial and
vane; and of an electric clock.
Various specimens of watches, including gold keylcns
hunting lever watch, winding and setting the haucU
through the pendant, and also unlocking the cover of tlio
case by the same means. A gold keyless repeater, indi-
cating the hours, quarters, and minutes, &c.
28 Tanner, William, 83 Upper Street- Tslington—
Inventor,
The polyhorion (or many-hour clock) exhibits, in addi-
tion to the local time, the time at Dublin, Paris, and
Edinbuigh; it can be made to show the time at any other
four places. This clock is simple and not liable to get
out of order, as one movement and pendulum regulnto
the different times. This clock is represented in the
following cut.
Lever watch, set to Liverpool and Greenwich time; but
it con be set to the times of any two places more conve-
nient.
30 Davis, William, 37 Gracechurch Street—
Manufacturer.
Watch, horizontal escapement, made entirely by hand.
Watch movement, duplex-escapement, made entirely
by hand. Mode by H. A. Davis, 57 New Street, Bir-
mingham.
31 Cole, Thomas, 2 Upper Vernon St., Llni/d Square,
Clcrkentrcll — Inventor, Designer, and Maker.
Inkstand, containing requisites for writing; and showing
the time, the day of month, and the day of week, with
thermometer. In metal, engraved and gilt, inlaid with
malachite.
KlNODOM.]
AND SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS.
NoBTH, North Centbal, and South Central Qallkrikb.
411
Tanner'a Polyhorion.
Design for a portable eight-day timepiece, showing the
months and days of the week and the month.
Design for a flat, portable clock, with calendar; metal,
engraved and gilt, inlaid with malachite.
Eight-day night and day timepiece, or horological lan-
tern.
Small eight-day clock. Improved calendar, in metal
frame.
Flat eight-day striking clock, to repeat the hours and
quarters, in engraved and gilt case,
[The substance here called "malachite" is also known
as mountain green. It is a beautiful mineral of a fine green
colour, variegated in a pleasing manner. It consists
chemically of carbonate of copper, and is found native in
Cornwall and Cumberland. — R. E.]
32 Jackson, W. H. & S., Setl Lion Street, Clerkcnxoell—
Inventors and Manufacturers.
Registered soliclave lever watch ; exhibited for cheap-
ness and various improvements. Specimens in gold
of various styles ; specimens in cases enamelled, set in
gems, and painted with designs ; the enamelling the
work of this district.
A gold three-quarter plate lever watch, with enamelled
dial, jewelled in six holes, of the same construction.
Gold lever watch, with compound balance crystal
dome, showing the motion of the escapement.
Duplex time piece with whole or dead seconds from
centre ; a new colibre.
Lever watch, with whole or dead seconds.
Gold pocket clironometer.
Two-day marine chronometer, and a compensation
balance, with adjustment for extremes of terapei-ature.
Parts of watches, showing their construction.
33 MoonE, John, & Sons, .18 Clerkenwell Close —
Manufacturers.
Chiming skeleton clock to go a mouth. Chiming clock
in rosewood case. Skeleton clock.
34
Barraud & LcND, 41 Comhill — Inventors and
Manufacturers.
Marine chronometer, with a model of a newly -invented
compensation balance, constructed for exact adjustment
to all temperatures.
Marine chronometer, of ordinary oonstruotion.
Very small gold pocket ohronomet«r, » speoimen of
minute English manufacture.
35 Parkinson & Fromiiam, 4 C/uimjt Alley, Com/iitt—
Manufacturers.
Astronomical clock, with mercurial pendulum, in maho-
gany case.
Eight-day chronometer with ordinary oompenBation.
Lever watches with compensation.
Gold chronometers for pocket.
Gold watch-cases and carriage clocks,
36 Fairer, Joskph, 17 Jiislmpsfiate Street WH/>out
— Inventor and Manufacturer.
Improved railway guards' timekeeper.
Improved railway station clock, showing the day of tha
month.
Pocket watch for engineering piu^oses.
Improved electric clock, to show uniform time, irre-
spective of distance, from one prime mover.
37 RoRiNSON, P., Bishop Auckland — Designer and
Manufacturer.
Skeleton spring clock, which strikes the hours and
quarters on modulated bells; with a compensator for
counteracting temperature. The clock and framework are
a representation of the clock-tower and entrance to the
palace of the Bishop of Durham, at Bishop- Auckland.
39 EusHA, Caleb, 13 New Bowl Street— layeaiot
and Manufacturer.
An eight-day time-piece (regulator), to go by a weight,
in a mahogany case, with a compensating pendulum.
This pendulum has a brass ball, seven inches diameter,
and three-quarters of an inch thick, on the face of which
is screwed a brass rim, a quarter of an inch thick and one
inch broad; on the inside of this is a steel rim, secured
to the brass, one-eighth of an inch thick. The outer dia-
meter of this rim, composed of brass and steel, is also
seven inches. This rim is divided or separated at the
bottom of the ball, leaving two arms of equal length ; at
the end of each is screwed a bnvss cup, to admit glasses
of a conical shape containing mercury, about 4^ inches
high, the lower diauneter being about Ij inch, and the
upper about the half. The adjustments for variations in
temperature are made by the compensation rim with
mercury in the glasses. The escapement of the clock is
of George Graham's construction, dead-beat, but the
pallets are jewelled. The vibration is made as short as
possible.
A silver lever watch, with compensation radii, compose'd
of bi-ass and steel united. The proportions are about 1 of
steel and 2 of brass. The bar is screwed on to the upper
plate at one end, and at the other end a hole is drilled,
to admit the pendulum or regulating spring, where it is
pinned in.
A silver lever watch, with compensation radii, com-
posed of brass and steel, fixed on the index on the cock,
the two shifting together, and acting up and down the
spring as the regulator is shifted. In the outer end of
this radii compensation, are drilled two holes for the pins,
between which the pendulum spring plays.
Model of a mahogany door, with machinery. In the
posts of the inside of the door are fixed two staples. An
iron chain, case-hardened, rather longer than two widths
of the door, is drawn through the staples, and when on
the outside, the chain is pulled, so as just to admit the
hand to secm-e a padlock into the links of the double
chain. The chain is then di-awn, with the padlock, out
of sight. The lock catch must aJso be case-hardened.
40
Brockbank & Atkins, 6 Cowper>s Court, Comhill—
Inventors.
A fifty-six hours' marine chronometer, on spring gim-
bals, enclosed in improved box with glazed sides and
front, for the better admission of light.
The same inverted, showing the interior mechanism.
412
Ci^M 10.— PHIL080PHICAI., MUSICAL, HOROLOOICAL,
NoHTH, North Centhal, and Hoittii Ckntkai. Qai.i.eriiih.
[Umiybd
41 Waltkr, Fiuncii, 9 Dmmihir* /'/uo«— Inventor.
Agent— Mr. Hawlkv, 123 Rmjmt Strttt.
Modal of a new desifni fur giving • moral and raligioua
application to the dial indicationa of a olook. The tub-
jeot haa been the study of five yean.
42 Lamb, J., BioMtrr, Oxfordshire — Manufacturer.
Skeleton clock: to go 400 dayi.
43 Thornku>k, C, LiiJhfleld—Dealgaer and
Manufacturer.
Clook, which atrikea auarten, and goes 3'i daya.
Deaign, Lichfield cathedral.
Oothio skeleton clook.
46 Oramt, p., 20 Louter William Street, St. Juhn't Wood
— Designer.
Tiinepieoe-stand, composed of ivory, tulip-wood, and
ebony.
4()A Copland, C, M.A., South Villa, Kennimjtun Oval —
Proprietor.
A watch once the property of King Henry VIII.
Silver watch, of same character and date, finely
engraved.
out watch, 150 years old, chased, Henri Quatre style.
47 Harvet, W., Stirliiu), Scotland — Inventor and
Manufacturer.
Improvement in horology, dispensing with striking
work. Only one wheel is used, which is placed under
the boiu--wheel, and receives motion from it. This im-
provement can be applied to almost any other timepieces,
especially to skeleton timepieces. The article exhibited
is the original invention.
49 Bennett, George Weedon, BlackKeath, Kent —
Manufacturer.
A public clock, showing time on four dials, and
intended to be fixed in an umomuntul case at the inter-
sections of streets, or the approaches tu bridges, eutnuices
to parks, village gi-eens, the quadrangles of baronial halls,
in collages or uthor public places, in urdek to supply cor-
rect time, independencly of church clocks (which are,
from their lofty and exposed position, almost alwin.'
wrong), and to serve as useful ornaments in the streets.
It has a two-seconds' (teuduhim, pin-wheel escapement,
lantern pinions, gun-metul wheels, and slate dials; and
the whole is constructed with every regard to accuracy of
performance. Two designs for cases accompany it ; but
these would necessarily be adapted to the lucidity and
taste of the purchaser.
62 DoNBQAN, John, U/iper Onmnd Quay, Dublin—
Manufacturer.
Oold and silver watches, of Dublin manufacture.
Specimens of Irish gold and silver, from Ballycorus
works.
52a Acbert & Klaftenberoer, 157 Regent Street
— Manufacturers.
Regulator remontoir, and of continual power. The
movement consists of two barrels, centre, third, fourth,
and escapement wheels: the axis of the foiu^h wheel
traverses the upper plate, and receives a wheel which is
fixed on the axis of the pinion above, the object of which
is to wind up the weight of the maintaining power; this
movement maintains the oscillation of the half-second
pendulum.
The escapement wheel, and the second wheel exposed
in the dial, form part of the independent train, which
has to maintain the oscillation of the mercurial pendulum.
The principal and medial trains ore brought into com-
munication by means of the third wheel, seen in the dial :
this wheel is fixed in the centre of a rack mounted on an
axle, which is pivoted between the frame ; a wheel here
forms a depth into the rack, and upon the axle on wMch
this wheel is pliuied, is nxed a double pullev, on one Hide
of which is suspeudud a small weight, and on the other
the half-second peiididum. The weight and pendidiiui
draw contrary wavs, and as the weight is heavier, it givoN
the power to the independent train.
The third wheel of the principal train, which forms the
depth with the medial wheel seen in the dial, will dis-
place it from right to left ; by which means, if the two
wheels, having the same number of teeth, turn equidly
quick, the interme<liul wheel will be set in motion, btit
its axle will not change in position, and consequently the
ruck, and also the whtiel in which the rack works, wdl l»i
immoveable, and the hand fixed to the axle of the pulluy
will point to Eero.
The independent train receiving th\M % farce cmftanti;
and maintaining the oscillation of the mercurial pun-
didum, will not be susceptible of variation. Any difl'er-
ence of quickness in the action of the second wheel uiH)n
the medial wheel in the dial, can only be occasioned l)y
the principal train, through the action of the half-socuiul
pondulum, which, if not perfectly regulated, will occoiiion
lui advance or retardr.
If the half-second pendulum should advance, the prln-
ci|)al train will raise tlie weight of the force coiwtante, uiid
the half-second pendulum, acting in a contrary sense, will
cause it again to fall, and consequently the penduhuii
will then rctarde. If, on the contrary, the half-second
pendulum loses, the principal train will not raise the
weight of the force constante sufficiently quick, and tho
pendulum will then drop; but the regulator acting in n
contrary manner will o^n shorten it, which will then
cause it to advivnce.
Two-day m'.iine chronometer.
Repeating wn^ch, in gold case, striking the hours, quar-
ters, and b^f-'piarters; with lever escapement and com-
pensation balance, showing, on the dial plate, the age uf
the moon, the day of the month, the houra, minutes, and
seconds.
Pocket chronometer, in gold case, with enamel dial.
Duplex and lever watches in gold cases.
53
Pennington, John, Ni/h Street, Catnberaell —
Inventor and Manufacturpr.
Marine chronometer, with improved compensating
balance weight, to remedy the defect produced in ordinary
chronometers by extremes of temperature.
A A represents levers with weights attached, B B, acting
on pivots, C C, held against bankings, D D, in middle
temperature when not in action, by springs, E £, moved
towards centre of balance in extreme heat by point of
Bcraws, F F, and the same by shoulder of screws, Q Q, in
extreme cold.
Pennington's Coinpensatrd Bdani:)'.
KisonoM.l
▲XViO)
KoRTB, North rmn
XL INSTRUMENTS.
t'soH«.> Tu Cmntkal OALtimn.
413
54 TArriNDBt — > A'>(A«rAam— Manufaotursr mkI
DMignor.
An eight-day ikaleton olook with lever eaoapeiueii<
Ueaigu talien from Kotherham uatheUml.
65 Dkst, Edward Joh n, t) 1 StranJ, Mi CWkupur Street,
aind 34 Hui/ttl AV<;Auiii/«— luventur and Manufacturer.
1. Oold "too" watch. The term "tao" impliea that
the time is KRourtained by turning round tlie large ex-
tonial gold hand until it if iitoi>i>ed. Tike time ii then
known by determining the place of the hand with refer-
ence to the twelve projecting nibH on tlie edge of the cone
by the touch. The interval of time can be thua deter-
mined to about a minute. Thia deHoription of watch
HUpei'Hedea the uaual Htriking r«i)eater, is leaa liable to
derangement, and ia lem ezpeuHive. It ia wound up and
the han<Ia Ret without the u*ual detached key.
2. Similar watch, with himting-onae, and amall opening
in the centre to know the time without opening the
cover.
3. Hunting caied watch, with case-ipringii outaide, and
lu wind up and aet the hand* without a detached key.
For uae in India, and may bo conaiderod air-tight, by
which arrangement frequent cleaning ia avoided.
4. Qold open-faced watch, with componHation-balonce,
&c. A apecimen of the beat deacription of Engliah watch.
,5. Uold watch, with compenaution-lialanoe, &o., and
two aeconda' handa in the centre. The under one (aa
shown atationary at the 45 aeconda or minutes) dropa in-
stantly on preasing a nib at the end of the pendant of
the wutcb. Tills auxiliary hand remains still as long as
required. Intended for delicate experiments where small
intervals of time are retiuired to be noted.
6. Cliased watch, with compensation-balance, &c.,
having a drop seconds' hand. It is wound up, and the
hands are set, without the usual detached key; made
for the son of the Viceroy of Egypt.
7. Engraved watch, with compensation balance, &c.;
a specimen of watches intended for the Spanish market. _
8. 9. Watches, with compensation-balances, as speci-
mena for the Turkish moi-ket.
10. Watch, with compensation-balance, &o., as a spe-
cimen for the Persian market.
U. Watch, with compensation-balance, English style.
la, 13. Ladies' watches, with compensati(m-balancea, &o.
14, 15. Ladies' gold watches of the usual construction.
16, 17. Oentlemeu's gold watches, with oompenaation-
balances, &c.
18, 19, 20. Gentlemen's watches of theusuol construc-
tion, without compenaation-balancea.
21. Marine chronometer, with a glass balance-spring,
glass balance, and compensated, for temperature, by
means of platinum and silver. This glass balance-spring
hus been tried at the Royal Observatory, and on board
H.M. surveying ship, "Fairy" (for official rates, see " Nau-
tical Magazine," xxix).
22. Patent marine chronometer, having the steel balance-
spring, gilded by the electro -metallurgic process.
23. Patent marine chronometer, having a secondary
compensation, by which the compensation weights are
made to move so as to counteract the effect produced by
the changes of temperature.
24. Marine chronometer of the ordinaiy construction.
25. A compass which can be inverted; the magnetic
needles are placed on a vertical axis, and the divisions
are engraved on both sides of the silver ring (or compass-
card), so that one reading can be made before, and the
other after, inversion. The mean between theae two
readings gives the error of the zero on the card ; there-
fore the true magnetic bearing of any observed object
con be determined.
[The ordinary way of fixing the card and needle of a
compass is upon an inverted cup resting on a fine point.
The application of the chronometer suspension to oom-
paiises, as above, is with the view of avoiding the great
friction upon the fine point, caused by grt .; vertical
oscillations.— J. O.]
M. All av
in the Ml-'
tttieaoopv
altitudes
the teleix
the prist
'Utb and altitud* oompaw "flafrtaridii
M In the former, with tit* adfWM "# ■
Tying ci-ou wires, and • divtilV^ mt fcr
rayMfriiui 'Ixe i,ba«nred<>'4i%et pb" '^^iMh
27. A Htm'iiiiiK con
a vertical axiH, by meu
motions of the nliip >
of viu-iation of liiii, ^i
thia over the orilir»»i
susiMjuaion of the cui'>
wd, rcUtuiaii iy
f
'1.4 Kliiidii' m
ct iii ih. \ i..|«int
■I, and the effect
lie Huperiority of
II h the point of
centre of gravity,
xfitied is great, and
whilut ^« trom thn
jm U> 'hi t thn iiI>ih<'
«ltb the n
I which till'
the «ioiu|iM8i'
i«utrallEtKl.
"•IIHUIH, ill
' than
is moat evident in ateaiumt* where th _
where the motion occasioned by the itea, as well as that
from the vibration of the engine, disturb the uaual com-
pnss-card, which obeys the laws of a pendulous body;
whilst the oom|iass-card placed on a vertical axis is not
disturbed from any such causes.
28. An eight-day quarter striking turret olook, with
compensated pendulum, 8 feet long, and weighing above
2 cwt. ; vibrating half aeeonds, with pin-wheel, and dead
escapement, but with a small recoil. All the wheels in
the clock are of oast-iron, except the 'scape-wheel, which
is brass, of only 4 inches diameter, containing 40 pins,
and turning in 2 minutes.
The 'scape- wheel is driven by a small spiral spring fixed
to a pinion, which turns on a stud set in the same line as
the 'acape-wheel arbor, and carrying one of the pivot-holes
of that arbor. This spring is wound up a quarter of a
turn by the clock, at every quarter of a turn of the
'scane-whool.
1110 dial-work is all driven by the great wheel, without
the intervention of any pinion; and it is consequently
very strong, and capable of working four very large dials.
The dials in the great avenue of the Exhibition are 7 feet
in diameter. The hands are a^ustable by means of
hand-screws, and a small regulating-dial set on the clock ;
this dial is reveraed, in order to provide for the case of
the t'\torii:il dial being on a level with the clock, and the
hands driven directly by the prolonged arbor of the
regulating-dial. The lianas are counterpoised outside the
dials; because, when the counterpoisoa are within, the
force of the wind on the hands is not counterpoised at
all ; and the weight of a large hand, when unbalanced,
tends to loosen we hand on its arbor, and so make it
point behind the true time from 6 to 12, and before it
from 12 to 6.
The maintaining power for keeping the clock going
while winding, is of a new construction. Before winding,
the maintaining weight must be raiaed sufficiently high
to keep the clock going about seven minutes, and when
wound up, it can be thrown out of action immediately.
All the great wheels are aet in the great frame, and the
small triangular frames can be taken off without moving
the great wheels and barrel, or the pendulums, which
may also be suspended from the wall. The smaller
wheels will also take out separately. The weights are
hung by wire ropes, and they require a fall of about
40 feet, with a single pulley. The pulleys are 1 foot in
diameter.
The hammers are raised by cams cast on the great
wheels, of such a shape as to raise them with the least
friction. They are strong enough for an hour-bell of
several tons weight, and quarters to correspond, though
the great wheels are only 18 inches in diameter. The
hammers all stand ready to fall as aoon as they are dis-
charged by the going part. The Ist, 2nd, and 3rd quarters
begin exactly at those quarters ; the 4th begins half a
minute before the hour, and the hour-hammer falls
exactly at the hour.
The object aimed at in this clock, is to combine the
greatest accuracy of time-keeping with great strength, and
the cheapest mode of construction which is consistent
with good work.
29. A patent dipleidoscope, to be used as a fixed meri-
dian instrument. The optical arrangement consists in
two silvered parallel reflecting glasses placed at an angle
of about 60° behind the front glass. The image of the
sun is reflected from the front glass, and the sun's rays
414
Ci.AM 10.— I'HILOSOPHICAL, MUSICAL, HOROLOOIOAI-,
North, Nurtii Cbntrai., and Huutii Central Oam.rhirn.
[Unitrd
which paM through, iinpinite flnit on on* i>Une, and
•re refleuted t» the other, th«iy then iwm out tnrouKh the
froDt k'*"*- l^y ^hiii optical arraiigumunt, two luua are
vUlble to the eye of the obaerver inovinK in oppoaite
direotiona, and when they ooinoido, it ia the instant of
apparent noon. The time can be aauertaineJ liy thia
inatniment with oonaideralile preoJRion. The liipleido-
aoo|)e allowi of three obMorvationH of the aun : Ut, when
the limb* touch ; 'ind, when the iinagea coincide ; and
3rd, when tlie limba Re|)Amte.
[The dipleidoaoope wna invented, a few yenm iiinoe, by
O. M. Bloxem, Eiiq., and, when Hocurattily flxod, the
time of apparent noon can be doterniinud by it within
one or two leoonda. Two bright and aharp ininge* nf the
■un are aeen, which approach eatih other, and exactly
coincide at apparent noon. — J. O.]
:I0. A diplnidoaoope fitted up equatorially, which admita
of obaervation* being taken from 0 a.m. to 3 p.m., and ia
rendered portable by having a magnetic needle. When
the inatniment ia aet by the needle, the magnetic declina-
tion of the place require* to be allowed for.
ill, A auperior aatronomical clock, with a remontoire
dead-beat eacapement, invented by O. B. Airy, Kaq.,
Aatronomer Royal (ice paper in " Royal Aatronomioal
Society'* Monthly Noticea,*' Nov. 11, 1842, by Mr. Airj.)
A large church clock, {Main Areniie.)
66
Drcrt, Jamrs, 16 North Aveniif, North Street,
Pentontillc — Deaigner and Manufacturer.
Clock dial-case in bra**, adapted for clocks in hot oli-
ktes, at sea, and in bakers' shops, as they are not af-
fected by steam and heat.
67
Frodbham, CRAELEa, 84 Strand— Chronometer
Maker.
1. Aatronomioal clock, with mercurial pendulum, and
Graham's dead-beat escapement.
[Mercurial pendulums, and Qrahom's dead-beat escape-
ment, are now used in nearly all astronomical clocks.
The number of such clocks now in London exceeds 200;
about 60 of these, chiefly the property of eminent chro-
nometer makers, are rated on Oreenwich mean time, and
It ia found that their performance is such as to adapt
them for astronomical uses. Tliuy certainly refluct greiit
credit on the various artista engaged in the iclunce of
hondogy.
The mercurial |)euduhuu is so oallwl from thf circum-
stance of the bob being of mercury enclosuil iu a
cylinder, screwed to the bottom of a iitoel rod. (Iriillroii
|iendulum* were in use Imforu murcurial pendulum* uvre
adi>|>ted : they conxisted of an aiwnmblage of bras* ami
ateel rod* so arranged that, owing to the ilifforence in thn
ex|ian*lon of brass and Ntmil, thu l>ra*« rods carriotl tliu
bob up, while the steel ones let it down. The ihnpn nf
pendulum bol>* is important. Until lately thoy woru nf
the form of a double convex lens, this form offering but
little resistance on passing through the air, when it* edKo
was always in the plane nf motion; but, as it was linblr
to be a little twisted, a varying resistance wns offered ;
and which is not thn cose in the adoption of the form of
the cylinder, which probably is the hont shape for the ho1>.
It is usual to call those clocks astronomical whioh
are used in observatories for determining the riglit
ascension of the heavenly bodies, and they are Huch,
ii4luding every appendage which contributes to accuracy
in the measurement of time under all the changes of
atmospheric teniporuture.— J. (>.]
2. Marine chronometer*, on anew calibre, with Arnold
and Eurnshaw'* iletachod e*uai>emeut; the cotnitenHntioii
balance is of the ordinary kind, with Arnold * bar iw
auxiliary compensation. 'This new calibre is based upon
the pliui of the diameter of barrel, fuzeo-wheel, and
extreme diameter of the balance being the same, namely,
one inch and five-tenths. The total weight of the
compensation balance is h dwts., being as the contentR
of the barrel. Thus if a barrel, one inch in diameter,
by three-tenth* of an inch in depth, will carry a balance
weighing 20 grains, a barrel of the some diameter, and
of double the depth, will carry a balance weighing
40 grains. The balance-spring is Vt inches long ; the
diameter ||j!„ the thickness of wire ^^ by -^iJIg broad, ami
the number of turns 10 to 12. The wheels (escape- wheel
included) are each five time* the diameter of their re-
spective pinions— that i*, the pinion upon which the
Ftadfham'i new Calibre for Witelm.
KlNOIIOM.j
AND BimoiCAIi INSTIllJMKNTS.
NoiiTii, North Ckntuai., ani» Houtii Lrnthai. (Iam.krim.
41ft
ivhitxl roviilviM. Thu fiixoowhuul Iium DO toeth, centra
whi'ul 00, oeiitra |iliilciii U, tliinl whu«l HO, third
pillion I J, fourth whiwi MU, fourth pinion 10, and 'itrii|H)
|ijiiiiin to, iiuH|iewhtH)l I't.
:i, H|HiniiM«nii of)(old poukut chronometen and lavor
wiktuhuM, rodiiced front tlio oiklil)re of the chronometer ;
with liiiprovonioiitii in the form of the teeth of wbeeli
luid iiinioiM, in thu lialiince-NprlnKN, knd in thu mode uf
nttiwIiinK the RprinK.
4. Thu doul)l« rotatory encniMiniont. Thin i«A«p«clnion
of n now cnlil)ro movemont, by which n powerful wntoh
mny 1>M tMftde in n fliit cane; a method whioli might have
1)6011 ftilo()ted at the period wlien Hut watclion were flmt
iiitrndiicud, an it hiw all the advantageH of a tliitlc watch,
by tikl;iiigtho oontuntH of tho barrel in diameter ami du[)th
lu thu l)iuiiii of power.
:,. Dayoftho-month watch, with lever o^caponiont and
double rollem. The calibre of thin watch may l>o called
more liinple than the preceding one, only l)uciui»e it more
cloHely renembleii that which m daily made. The number
of the teeth of the wheuU in peculiar. Thu centre wjieol
iit much enlarged, with loO teeth working in a pinion of
10, whilut the third wheel in dimininhed, which ha« fiO
teeth working in a pinion of 10; the fourth wheel «:)
teeth in a pinion of 7. Although thin in a good working
calibre for a nuperior watch, yet if [tower is admitted to
be a principle in watch-making, it w mipomible to get the
name depth of barrel in thin watch, unlewi the calibre of
No. 1 ii uiied.
In producing the foret^oing calibron, all technical nhm
have been rejected, and the common meaniirement of
inched, tenth*, hundredths, and thougandths adopted;
no that from one calibre, a watch of any size may be made
by proportion.
fi. Specimen of gold lever watchoB, with the split-
centiw Hecondn-hand movement. This watch, being a
complete time-keeper, is capable of determining the pre-
ciHe time of any observation to a quarter of a second, by
means of an extra sooonds hand, with which it is pro-
vided, and which in the ordinary state of the watch lies
under the principal seconds hand, and travels with it.
In taking an observation, the observer keep* his eye
dteadily fixed upon the object, and his finger in readiness
to touch a spring, which allows the registering hand to
fall simultaneously upon the face of the watch, where it
may be allowed to remain upwards of 40 seconds fur read-
ing off the time; this being done, the finger is to be im-
mediately removed in oi ler to free the register, which
instantly returns to its place ready for the next obser-
vation, without having in the least degree interfered with
the correct performance of the watch,
7. Specimen of railway watches.
8. Specimen of English pinions for astronomical clocks,
showing the true curve of the teeth.
9. Specimen of carriage clocks.
10. Specimen of portable chime clock.
11. Specimen of chronometer and watch movements.
12. Diagrams of calibres of chronometers and watches.
13. Oauges for admeasurement of watch-work to the
thousandth of an inch.
14. Specimens of gold watch cases.
l.'j. Tne new calibre, by means of which the manu-
facture of watches and chronometers is greatly improved
,ind facilitated, and the expense considerably reduced.
The cut in the preceding page represents this new calibre.
1 6. Five stages of the process of manufacture in the com-
pensation balance.
17. Auxiliary compensation for the adjustments of the
extremes of temperature.
[Power being an indispensable element in time-keeping,
it is of the utmi>^t iiiportancethat the motive force should
be trausmitted vkith a constant velocity-ratio from wheel
to pinio.i throughout the train, vrithout its being absorbed
by the inoreased friction and wear consequent upon im-
proper cur/es.
The correct forms of curve were described, a century
ago, by Camus, and recently in a work on the Principles
of Meohanlam, by IVufusaor WillU, of Cambrldga, Hvo,
London, 1H41.
In wat«h-work, the wheel is the driver, anil th« mI-
dendum to the t<Mith beyimd the pitch-line is of the «pl-
cycloidal form, which, to the gunural eye, may be familiarly
explained nil resembling a Uothiu arch, or a bUhop'a
mitre. The pinion is the follower, and has the two
flanks of its leaf fonned by riulial linos direct to the
centre ; and the addendum u|)on tlio pitch line is a semi-
oirclu whose diameter is thu bruiulth of the Ixaf. The
specimun will explain thu rest.
The new calibre by the exhibitor is shown an a general
improvement in ohronometora and watches.]
60 Ham,, GRORur, Prrdkrick, Xnrfolk St.,
Fittrni) .S(/i(<ictf— Inventor.
An astronomical and meteorological clock,
for mean time, and for registering the hourly
variations of the barometer and thermo-
meter. The escanomunt of the clock is a
new vertical duail-uentuHrnpument; the pen-
dulum lias a now niicromrtrical compensa-
tion adjustment for temperature, '"'inded
for the self-rugistration of uatur. pheno-
mena.
Fig, 1 is a plan of the escapement, half-
si/e. A is a vertical wheel of seven teeth,
which move in a horizontal plane. B is a
concentric circle, with two ruby pins moving
in a vertical plane : if the pins are circular or
chamfered, the action is dead during the
coincidence of the two planes; but as the
pins vibrato, the top of the teeth strike, and
escape, and slidu, under the circular or
chamfered surface of the ruby pins, and
give the necessary impulse to the pen-
dulum,
Fig. 1.
Fig. a,
I
Fig. 2 is the pendulum with the micro-
metrical acVjustment for temperature, which
is effected by a compound rod of brass and
zinc, in the proportion of 20 brass and 10
zinc, joined just above the bob; a zinc
screw IB soldered into the top of the brass
tube, and a steel screw into the zinc cy-
linder, both of the same pitch. The length
of compensating rod is first obtained by
calculation; then, if the pendulum is com-
pensated plus, the rod is turned to the
right, which shortens the zinc screw, and
increases the steel; the difference between
the expansion of zinc and steel is the
amount rendered minus in the compensa-
tion. If the pendulum is compensated
minus, the rod is turned to the left, which increases the
zinc, and shortens the steel; the difference of expansion
is the quantity rendered plus. The pendulum is made
of two glass tubes expanding downwards, and the com-
pound compensating rod expanding upwards; the bob
being placed upon studs fastened to the inner glass tube,
and passing through the outer. The black lino in the
drawing is the compensating rod.
Fig. 3 is the elevation of the clock one-eijjhth real size,
with the dial-plate removed, showing the meteorological
registering apparatus. A n are two revolving cylinders
416
Class 10.— PHILOSOPHICAL, MUSICAL, HOROLOGICAL,
North, North Cgntbai., and South Ckntral Uai.lerikh.
"United
PiK. 3.
Hall's Astronomical and Meteorological Cl>>ck.
fastened to the arbors of the first wheels of the train,
and which revolve (upon the average) once in three
hours. B b are the escape wheels of the train, of the
same kind as the clock (the vertical dead beat), of 25
teeth, c is the going barrel to impel the two independent
trains. D d is the thermometer and barometer. K is
the rod to which is fixed the marking apparatus in oon-
n .ion with the revolving cylinders A «. F Is the
escape hour-wheel of 24 pins, with a barrel to receive the
chain of the rod E. Q is a wheel with a logarithmic
spiral, the groove of which receives the pin of the bar H.
I is the clock-frame. The action of this entirely new
invention is as follows: — D(^ the thermometer and baro-
meter, are made to vibrate continually by the eHcn)Hi-
mout B 6, 08 invei-tod pendulums ; the radii of thu
gyrations of which are continually affected, either Vjy tlie
pressure of the atmosphere, or by the change of tempeiit-
ture : thus d, the Torricellian barometer, will, if tii«
uioruury fall one inch, increase the imml>er of its vibra-
tions jier hour by 1,000, every one of which is regis-
tered on the revolving cylinder A, which gives a lino in
length equal to the number of vibrations given by thu
barometer d per hour; a similar effect is produced by tliu
thermometer D, by any change of temperature, and it«
variation registeitid on A. The hourly mensura is marked
by breaking the linos, which is effected by the escape of
tho wheel F, and the descent of the rod E, with its
attached apparatus.
Patent diploraeter for railway purposes; the tickets
ore stamped with the date and the number of tickets
issued, with the amount paid.
1)2 HiNTON, Charles, 10 Corponttim Lane, Clerkentecll
■ — Designer and Manufacturer.
English hard white enamel watch dial, with sunk centre
and seconds, allowing free motion of the hands, with n
Hatter glass than usual.
G4 Jongs, Joii.v, :<38 Strmvi — Manufacturer.
Gold and silver watches of peculiar construction.
No. I . The Rose Watch, showing Time and its doings.
On one half of the margin around the back is engraved,
on blue enamel, " Man cometh forth as a flower, and is
cut down." On the surface of the richly engraved gold
back is a Maltese cross, in white enamel, and on its foiii'
limbs are depicted the four seasons of life — in the bud,
blossom, decay, and death of a rose. On the other half
of the margin is engraved, "It is sown in dishonour, it
is raised in glory." The dial represents, in enamel colours,
the rose window of Westminster Abbey. On the twelve
com]>artinont8 hidicating the twelve hours, are the names
of the twelve Apostles. On the bezil that holds the gliiss
is engraved, in blue enamel, "He that taketh not his
cross daily is not worthy of me."
No. 2 sn^ws, when viewed through a magnifying power,
a series of cubical crystals, that being the primary crystal
of gold.
No. 3 is a new and simpler mode than hitherto em-
ployed of producing dead seconds, with sunk centre in
the dial, also a novelty.
No. 4 shows comparative merits of English and foreign
work at equal prices.
No. h. Centre seconds hunter with compensation ba-
lance, isochronal spring, and lever escapement.
66 Kaiser, Joseph, 30 Park Terrace, Regent's Park—
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Improved detector clock, on a novel principle, indi-
cating, at a glance, the days of the week and of the
month, also the name of the month. It goes eight days,
and requires no attendance after v.inding. .
66 A Moore, Major W., 3 Curnish Terrace, Ruthminei,
Dublin — Inventor.
A sui^ical instrument for use previous to operation for
lithotrity, &c.
67 MacDocal, E. J., 12 Dorset Place, Pall Mall East
— Inventor and Manufacturer.
Patent escapement for chronometers, watches, and
clocks, without escape wheel. The same spring by India-
rubber.
Drill-stocks: Archimedean; centrifugal Archimedean;
vibrating; and duplex, simple, and centrifugal.
A new method of converting rectilinear into rotary
motion.
A new decomposition cell. Medals made by the pro-
cess.
United
KiKOIIOM.]
3{ this ontiroly new
irmoinetur and buro-
lally by the 0Hc«i)e-
; the radii of tliu
rooted, uither by tho
s change of tempeiiv
•motor, will, if tliu
lumber of its vibra-
I of which ia ivkIh-
vhich gives a lino in
ations given l)y tliu
t ia produced by thu
amporature, and its
y meaaure is marked
ted by the escape nf
he rod E, with its
irposes; the tickets
number of tickets
I Lane, Clerkenmtl
oturer.
al, with sunk centre
f the hands, with a
[anufacturer.
construction,
^ime and its doings.
I back ia engraved,
1 as a flower, and is
chly engraved gold
lel, and on its foui-
»f life — in the bud,
On the other half
Ti in dishonour, it
in enamel colours,
ly. On the twelve
•urs, are the names
hat holds the gliiss
hat taketh not his
magnifying power,
he primary crystal
than hitherto om-
h sunk centre in
nglish and foreign
compensation ba-
lemeiit.
AND SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS.
North, Nobth Central, and South Centrai, Oallerikh.
41"
Regent's Park—
irer.
principle, inili-
week and of the
t goes eight days,
g-
ace, liitthmlws,
a to operation for
Pall Mall East
rer.
I, watches, and
spring by India-
d Archimedean;
ifugal.
lear into rotary
ide by the pro-
68 MacDowall, C, 4 If;/de Street, Bloomsbnnj—
Inventor.
Clock-movement, with a dead escapement of a new con-
struction, in which the escape-wheel consists merely of a
small disc, with a single pin in it. The parts are arranged
for the purpose of exhibiting the action of the escapement.
I'he advantages claimed are — the impulse takes place at
the middle of the vibration of the pendulum, as in the
common dead escapement; it is given chiefly by direct
action instead of oblique, and requires little oil ; the con-
struction is easy, and may be made with a ruby for the
escape-pin as cheaply as with a common recoil escapement.
It is applicable to watches as well as clocks.
(E. J. Dent, Manufacturer and Patentee, by assignment.)
69 Mapple, D. D., 17 HnlVs Place, John's Row,
St. LiMs — Producer and Designer.
Registered skeleton timepiece, with improved lever
escapement.
Improved clock-winder.
70 Davis, J., 119 ffiij/i Holhorn — Inventor and
Manufacturer.
An instrument, on a new principle, to survey without
calculation.
71 Mabchand, Lucien, 1 Red Lion Street, Holhorn
— Manufacturer,
Very small gold lever watch.
Musical clock, with four overtures, independent seconds,
and amusing figures. Size, three feet high, two square.
73 Payne, William, & Co., 163 New Bond Street—
Inventors and Manufacturers.
Quarter clock, on eight bells, in Amboyna wood, and
er-molu case, made for the Sultan of Turkey.
Timepieces, in buhl and or-molu case; and in tulip
wood and or-molu case.
Clocks, with lever escapement, in engraved gilt ease
with patent musical chimes; and in black marble case,
with half dead beat-escapement.
Small carriage clock, with lever escapement.
Astronomical clock, with chronometer escapement,
perpetual day of month, moon's age, noon and night, day
of week, repeat hours and quarters, and zodiacal signs, in
engraved gilt case.
Timepiece in square buhl case.
Clock, in square rosewood case, with lever escapement.
Lever timepiece, in satin-wood case.
Small clock, in rosewood case, with patent musical
chimes.
Half-regulator, in mahogany case, new style.
Small timepiece, with thermometer.
Clock, in ebony case, with silvered ornaments.
Clock with or-molu ornaments, old English style.
Patent pedometer, for measuring walking distances;
pedometer attached to a repeating watch, with patent
winding, showing seconds and day of month.
Odometer, for measuring carriage distances.
74 Rix, Isaac, 21 Conduit Street, Westboume Terrace
— Inventor.
Skeleton chronometer time piece, slow motion, beating
only once in three seconds; the escapement so contrived
IS to allow the pendulum to vibratie two seconds every
beat without touching anything; a perfectly dead escape.
78 Tobias & Co., Liverpool — Manufacturers.
Registered compound-seconds watch movement, a new
configuration produced by combining a quarter-seconds
train of wheels with an independent full-seconds train,
in such a manner as to cause the seconds hand of the
independent seconds train to perform one revolution in
the same space of time that the quarter-seconds train is
performing four revolutions.
Qold watch, dome case, made from similar movement.
Three-quarter plate movement, combining soundness and
utility.
Gold watch, with same movement. Lady's watch, with
uniamental engraving, and engine-turned case.
Oold hunting watch, with ornamented and engine-
turned case.
Silver lever watch, as used in Turkey.
Horizontal movement, jewelled in five i)air of holes;
extra chronomoter-balance, adapted to all climates.
Left-handed movement, extra-jewelled, gold balance.
Silver hunting and plain watches.
Railway guards' timepiece, secured in case.
79 OiLLETT, W. S., Upper Hurley Street— InyoiAot.
Models of a system of thin rings or discs of metal,
which being conical or disked, may by pressure be
shortened, and thereby extended either inwards or out-
wards ; applicable to pistons, stufling-boxes, and other
similar purposes ; also to the construction of hollow
cylinders to bear pressure from within,
80 Thomson, Adam, 25 New Bond Street— Invmxtor
and Maker.
Autochronograph : for the instantaneous marking or
printing of time, giving the month, day, and hour (night
and day), with the minutes and portions of minutes.
The machine requires setting but once a-month. The
clock must be wound once a-week. The register may be
extended to any required length, and the date, with the
exact time, may be stamped or printed in one second of
time.
The attendance of guards and of workmen can be
correctly noted ; and the presence or substitution of
particular individuals can be known by their signature
upon the register.
The commencement and duration of any event can be
correctly registered within a few seconds of time, and all
the work of a " time-clerk " correctly done. Provisionally
registered.
81 Pettit, W., & Co., 2 Cromhi^a Rour, Commercial
Road, East — Inventors.
A watch, keeping time, though suspended in a glass
globe, filled with water, and surrounded with gold and
silver fish. The object of the invention is to secure the
protection of time-keeping and other instruments from
water, sea-damp, rust, &c.
85 Hakdy, O., .■> Wellitigton Road, St. John's Wood—
Inventor.
Electro-magnetic motive engine; exhibiting a new
mode of employing electricity as a motive power.
85a Watkins, a., 7 Weymouth Terrace, City Road
— Inventor and Manufacturer.
Original eight-day chronometer, striking the hours;
being a self-acting repeater, chiming the quarters upon »
set of five bells, and showing the day of the month; each
set of works detached ; the whole comprising 200 pieces
of mechanism in a diameter of not more than two inches.
Chronometers of three-quarter plate construction,
with hard cylindrical springs, jewelled with rubies hi
every hole ; presumed to be the smallest ever made of
the same construction, the diameter being neai-ly that of
a guinea.
86 CocsENS & Whiteside, 27 Dnvies Street, Berkeley
Square — Inventors and Manufacturers.
A sporting watch, the novelty of which consists in its
determining the time to one-sixth of a second, by means
of an independent hand acting from the centre, and
detached from all the other hands, with stopping and
starting springs. It has a detached lever escapement, is
jewelled in 14 holes, and is particularly adapted for
racing and other purposes. It may be considerably re-
duced in size.
87 Allib, J. H., Bristol — Inventor and Manufacturer.
Bracket-regulator timepiece, with a new description of
compound pendulum, which vibrates seconds, though less
than lialf the length of a usual seconds pendulum.
Adapted for coinpeusatioii against the ofl'ecta of heat tuid
colli.
[10.
[Okhci.m. Imisthatii) ('.\tai.o( ri. |
11
418
Class 10.— PHILOaOPHICAL, MUSICAL, HOROLOGICAL,
North, North Central, ani> South Central Galleaies.
[UkiteD
i I
I
90 Baruno, Joseph, 90 IK/h Street, Afaubtone
— Designer.
Dial of a clock, exhibiting a new pattern figure.
Table and dessert spoons and forks, ornamented in a
novel manner, with enamel.
91 Vieyres & Repinoon, 129 SegetU Street —
Manufacturers.
Two-day marine chronometer, in temporary gimbals,
for the convenience of exhibition.
Oold and silver watches, of various fashions, for the
home trade and for South America.
Steel for chi>onometer pendulum springs, by A. Qaneral.
92 Blatlock, John, Long Island, CaW»s/«— Inventor
and Manufacturer.
Motion-work for the hour and minute hands of a turret-
clock with four dials.
Apparatus for turning on and off gas for illuminating
dials, self-acting and self -regulating for each half-year.
94 Bolton, Thomas, Coventry — Manufacturer.
German silver watches, plated with silver.
Gold plated watch.
95 MouiLLARO, Pierre Fortihe Victor, 71 Albany
Street, Segenfs Park — Inventor.
The artificial leech. It is composed of a body of cylin-
drical form, about three and a quarter inches long, and
about one inch in diameter. Towards the bottom end
is a small cylinder, slightly flattened at its lower part,
containing a small spoon of about two-thirds of an inch
of elevation on its upper part, the opening of which is
slightly oblique, of an oval form. This tube, including the
spoon, is about two inches long by about half an inch in
diameter. The other extremity of the body of the pump
is furnished with a piston, which, on being drawn back,
empties the pump. This piston, being entirely drawn
out to its full length, and prep^ed by the thumb, releases
an interior spring in which the lancets are fixed, and
these pierce the skin raised by its suction. The operation
is not painful, as the lancets do not remain an instant in
the wound.
95a Briscall, James, 48 ConstUxition Hill, Birmingham
— Designer and Manufacturer.
Self-correcting clock, with a detached lever escapement ;
it goes a month; and shows the day of the week and
month. At the end of each month, and in leap-year,
it corrects itself.
96 Brutton, Charles, i'xe/er— Proprietor.
A clock, in a case, which occupied thirty-four years in
its completion. The movements are as follow : — moving
panorama of Day and Night; Day represented bv Apollo
m his car drawn by four coursers, accompanied by the
twelve Hours; and Diana in her car, drawn by stags, at-
tended by the twelve Hours, representing Night. Two
figures which salute each other, as the panorama revolves,
and the bells are ringing. Perpetual almanac, showing the
day of the month on a semicircular plate, and the equation
of time, regulated only once in 130 years. Circle,, the index
of which shows the day of the week, with its eripropriate
planet. Circle showing the leap-year, the index revolv-
wg only once in four years. The sun in his coursb,
with the correct time of rising and setting by a horizon
receding or advancing as the days shorton or lengthen ;
and the moon, showing her different quarters, age, &u.
Two female figures, one on each side of the dial-plate,
representing Fame and Terpsichore, which move in time
when the organ plays. Movement regulating the clock as
a repeater. Saturn, the god of time, who beats in move-
ment when the organ plays. Circle on the face, showing
the tunes played by the organ every four hours. Belfry,
with six ringers. Bird organ, which plays when required.
This clock is shown in the annexed Plate, 33. It was
made by Jacob Loudan.
99 Cbcbchill, Georqe, Doumtm, near Salisbury —
Manufacturer.
An eight-day spring-clock, with music attached, play-
ing a tune every three hours: oast and manufactured by
a blacksmith.
100 Dell Brothers, Bristol — Inventors and
Manufacturers.
Specimens of ordinary clock-work. Transparent time-
piece for the bed-' 3om: a small light is placed behind
the dial, showing the time distinctly ; the time-piece has
a lever escapement, going two days.
Specimens of iron and brass wheel-cutting, for clock-
work, lathe-work, &c. ; and wood-pattern cutting, for
cast-iron and other wheels.
Pianoforte music-box, playing six overtures, made by
Nicole Freres, of Goneva.
102 Driver, J., Silver Street, Wakefield— DeiAgaer
and Manufacturer.
Chime-clock, showing simultaneotuly upon the dial
the time in any part of the world.
A compensating clock, with a lever escapement, and
without pendulum.
103 Edwards, James Thompson, Dudley —
Manufacturer.
Portable spring time-keeper, to go 426 days.
104 Edwards, Jakes, Stourbridge.
Large transparent skeleton spring timepiece, made of
a combination of brass and glass : the wheels consist of
cut flint-glass centres, hooped with brass teeth rims, en-
graved glass dial-plate, and crystal cut pendulum ball;
it goes eight days.
New skeleton quarter-day spring timepiece, made of cut
flint-glass centres, hooped with brass teeth rims, having
engraved glass dial -plate, and glass pendulum boll; it
goes three months, and is kept in motion by a new clock-
movement propeller.
104* Orat, James, i)r., Perth — Inventor.
Medical walking-staff, containing an enema — syringe, a
catheter, a test tube and test paper, a pair of forceps, a
number of wax matches, and a pill-box, divided, contain-
ing in each division pills of various medicines.
105
Clock on carved mahogany pillar.
106 Etanb, William P., Soho Street, ffandaworth,
near Birmingham — Manufacturer.
Gothic skeleton clock, detached lever escapement.
Elizabethan timepiece, chronometer escapement.
Skeleton lever clock, with representation of Sir Walter
Scott's monument, Edinburgh.
Cabin clock, detached lever escapement.
109 Gerard, Alex., Gordon's Hospital, Aberdeen —
Inventor.
" Spherical- trigonometer," or an instrument adapted
to the mechanical solution of problems in spherical
trigonometry and nautical astronomy.
Portable, or field transit instrument, for finding the
time on shore, laying down meridian lines, &c.
Water-meter, for registering the quantity without inter-
rupting the pressure.
Clock, with conical pendulum.
Mttrire clock, with two pendulums.
A centrifugal, or conical pendulum clock ; capable nf
performing much heavy work with great accuracy.
113 Hart, William, & Co., Christchurch, ILmts —
Manufacturers.
Chronometer and watch fusee chains, of different sI/is.
115
Lawrence, I., North Curry, near Taunton —
Inventor.
Sun-dial, to suit any latitude in the northern hemi-
sphere. Hand-drill. Turner's centre, with friction rol-
lers. Spring screw-wrench. Dividers.
[United
w, near Salisbury
music attached, play,
and manufactured by
-Inventora and
Transparent time-
ight is placed behind
y ; the time-piece hoH
eel-cutting, forelock-
1-pattem cutting, for
X overtures, made by
ikefield—Deaigaer
)r.
lously upon the dial
ver escapement, and
»N, Dudley —
> 426 days.
'rbriije.
; timepiece, made of
the wheels consist of
brass teeth rims, en-
cut pendulum ball;
mepiece, made of cut
88 teeth rims, having
I pendulum boll; it
otion by a new clock-
Inventor.
in enema — syringe, a
> a pair of forceps, a
ox, divided, contain -
medicines.
|e<, ffiindnoorth,
acturer.
iver escapement.
ir escapement.
itation of Sir Walter
ment.
lital, Aberdeen —
instrument adapted
jlems in spherical
Pint, for finding the
lines, &c.
mtity without inter-
n clock ; capable of
Bat accuracy.
ohwch, Hants —
8, of different si/.iis.
w Taunton —
the northern hemi-
>, with friction rol-
9.
KlNQDOM.j
AND SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS.
North, North Cextuai,, and South Ckntuai- OAi.i.EniEa.
410
117 Pack, J., Bury St, Edtmmdi — Inventor, Designer,
and Manufacturer.
Skeleton clock, which goes three years. This period
in obtained by the uae of six springs, the united force of
which is '2501bB. They are enclosed in six barrels or
boxes : three are connected with chains to a fusee on the
right hand, and three to one on the left.
Pyratnidical skeleton timepiece, which goes three
months. The dial is placed at the bottom of the clock to
show the motion of all the wheels; with Graham's dead-
beat escapement, and the hands moved by a simple
mechanism.
Barometer of highly-polished brass, oontaitaing three
gliiss tubes supported by scroll-work. The centre tube
is the barometer, and those on each side move an index
which rises and falls by turning a nut at the base of the
stand: by means of wheel -work, they turn the hands on
two dials, one for night and the other for day, indicating
the state of the barometer.
119
Radford, Jonas, 339 High Street, Cheltenham —
Inventor and Designer.
Design and diagrams of a geographical clock or wr.tch;
model made by P. Drury, 26 Albert Terrace, Penton
Sti'eet, Islington.
Two timepieces. Provisionally registered.
121 Wrioht, William, Exchequer Bow, Aberdeen —
Designer and Manufacturer.
A clock, showing the minutes, hours, days of the month,
and months of the year; the time of the sun's rising and
setting; the diurnal revolution of the sun and moon ; the
moon's age; phases; time of her meridian passage and
position relative to the sun ; the time of high water at
Aberdeen, both superior and inferior tides, and its depth
at the bar ; and the state of the tide at some of the principal
sea-ports of Great Britain, Ireland, France, North and
South America, Spain, Portugal, Holland, and Germany;
it goes twelve months.
[By adding one or two wheels below the great wheel,
and by greatly increasing the usual weight of a clock,
it can be mode to go for a year. Occasionally such
clocks ore furnished with two barrels, for the purpose
of avoiding the great strain upon the teeth of one large
wheel and pinion. — J. O.]
122 Broadbent, John, Ashton-under-Ltjiie — Exhibitor.
Peal of small bells to ring changes; worked by springs.
Scale for pitching wheels. Time piece.
123 RosKEix, John, Church Street, Liverpool — Designer
and Manufacturer.
Watch and clock machinery.
124 Rotrerham & Sons, Coventry — Manufacturers.
Gold and silver watches. Specimens illustrative of the
progressive stages of manufacture of a lever watch,
[A large number of watches are made at Coventry, not
only for home, but also for colonial trade. The best
forms of the common English watch, together with pa-
tented and others of a superior manufacture, are here
prepared and completed. The manufacture has had its
locftl establishment in Coventry about 80 years. — R. E.]
126 Mapple, H., Chilifa Hill, Humpstead — Inventor.
Machine for saving life on railways, now used in
America. Fire alarum, on the principle of the telegraphic
alarum now used on the English lines. Resonant spring
for English clocks. Compensation pendulum. Support-
ing telegraph wires on tripods of iron rods. Improved
clock escapement; system of railway signals; and mariners'
compass needle. Electric telegraph, Specimnn of insu-
lated wire for telegraphic purposes, Compensiition for
pianoforte strings. Improved system of collecting lamp
black; and of making permanent magnets. Improvements
in electric timekeepers. Implement for shoemakers.
Model to illustrate a theory for crossing any expanse of
water by electric cuiTents, for telegraphic purposes.
127 EiNSLB, Edward, 4A St. Martin's Lane —
Manufacturer.
Syphon douche, invented by Dr. Charles Jones.
Model of an improved syphon, for brewera, distillers,
&c., dispensing with the suction-pipe.
Stomach-pump, with several useful adaptations. Com-
plete case of amputating and other instruments. Double-
action enema pump, enclosed in bronze. British plate
and electro-plated reservoirs ; the valves so arranged that
they work freely, and are not likely to get out of order.
Double-action enema apparatus, with metallic folding
joints, suitable to warm climates; the same with flexible
tube. Portable enema apparatus, with metallic joints.
Improved enema apparatus, in round reservoir, dis-
charging the ccutents with one stroke of the piston.
Veterinary enema and stomach pump, with useful tubes
and pipes, for hove cattle, &c. Common enema apparatus.
Model, to show the action of the double-action enema
pumps.
127 A Taylor, Q., Wolverhampton — Inventor and
Manufacturer.
Registered self-coirecting eight-day date clock, showing
the day of week, day of month, &c.
128 Shepherd, Charles, 53 Leaden/iall Street — Inventor
and Patentee.
Patent electro-magnetic striking clock. From the
pendulum of this clock, a number of dials may be worked.
The greatest novelty consists in the method of giving the
impulse by means of a remontoir escapement, by which
the vaiiations of the battery take no effect on the time
measured. The novelty of t'.ie Large Clock in the Transept
of the Exhibition Building, in connexion with the former,
is in the method of locking the escape wheel, to prevent
the train from running by the action of the wind on the
hands.
Two dials, five feet in diameter each.
A skeleton electro-magnetic striking clock, showing how
the number of blows to be struck is regulated.
Small turret bell, illustrating the method of applying
electro-magnetism to move the nammer.
The power employed for keeping in continual action
the electric clock, is one of Smee's batteries in con-
nexion with a powerful horse-shoe magnet. In the case
of the mechanism of the great clock now under con-
sideration, a series of such magnets is used, the con-
nexion of which, with their armature, is shown in fig. 1 .
Kg. 1.
These are euiTounded by 25,000 feet, or nearly five miles
of No. 18 copper wii-e, the total weight of which is about
1 60 lbs. As weights are entirely dispensed with, the frame
coiiiaining the wheel -work is mucn lighter than usual ;
the escape-wheel, a, a, fig. 2, is 10 inches in diameter,
and is in two parts, the teeth of each being reversed ; the
click and ratchet escapement, which is moved by the
electro -magnets, acts on the teeth of one of the parts,
'> H 2
420
Ci-Ass 10.— PHILOSOPHICAL, MUSICAL, HOROLOGICAL,
North, North Central, and Sooth Central Qalleries.
r United
while the teeth of the other part are used for the
purpose of locking the train, in order to pi-event it
running forward from the action of the wind on the
eztra-Bized hands which present a large surface. A
central vertical wheel, 6, of larger diameter (see fig. 2
and fig. 3,), which works into a pinion, c, on the arbor of
the escape-wheel, gives motion to the wheel-work in
connexion with the hands, which are at a height of 40 feet
above the pedestal in the South Gallery of the Transept
on which the machinerv is placed, the communication
being effected by a 1 2-inch bevelled wheel, d, which rotates
on the end of the spindle of the great wheel, and works
into a horizontal bevelled wheel, e, with which a vertical
shaft, /, made of brass tubes of 1} inch diameter, and
Fig. 3.
hand side of the semicircle; while on the left side th«
figure VI. is repeated, and the remaining figures up to XI.
inclusive follow in the usual order. In order to render
the new form of dial perfectly useful, it was necessary to
have two minute hands, and also two hour hands; so
that when one of the minute hands, for instance, leaves
the figure VI. on the right hand, the other minute hand
also points to the corresponding VI. on the left hand.
The two minute hands together are 16 feet, and the two
hour bands 12 feet in length respectively. Two smaller
dials, each of five feet diameter, are fixed up inside the
screwed together in several lengths, revolves, and which,
in connexion with wheel -work at tor>, gives motion to the
h.iuds.
In order that the clock-face might harmonize with
tlie design of the south elevation of the Transept, it
was considered that the conventional form of a circle
for the dial might be dispensed with; the figures were
accordingly arranged in a semicircle, and placed at the
intersections of the radial bars with the second semi-
ring from the centre of the great fanlight. — (See fig. 4.)
As is the case in ordinary dials, so in the present in-
stance, XII. is at the top, I. to VI. following on the right
Sliepherd'a PRtent Elwtro-Magnetie Clock.
KiNODOM.]
AND SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS.
North, North Central, and South Ckn tral Galleries.
421
building; on« in front of the orou gallery at the eaat
tnd of the central aisle, and the other in front of the
iouth gallery of the transept. All the dials are regu-
lated by one pendulum, represented in fig. 5, and which
is suspended fi-om a triangular frame, g, resting on a
bed-plate, to which it is secured by screw-bolts in the
ordinary way. The pendulum has a mercurial com-
pei^ation for heat and cold, and is kept in motion by
electro -magnetism by a method entirely different to any
previously invented. Instead of applying directly the
attractive and repulsive forces of electro-magnetism to
the pendulum, according to all the previous methods, the
power of an eleotro-magnet is here employed to bend a
spring to a certain fixed extent, the reaction of which
gives the necessary impulse to the pendulum, by which
means the variations which are continually taking place
in the batteries have no effect on the time measured.
The arrangement of the spring for giving the impulse is
represented at s (fig. 5), in which 6 is the impulse
spring, consisting of a short steel spring, to which are
attached two arms, c and d, at right angles to each
other; e is the detent, or catoh, for holding this spring
when bent by the action of the magnet; /is the pendu-
lum-rod carrying the two screws, A and t, whioh may be
called the impulse and discharging pallets. As the pen-
dulum vibrates tu the left, the dis:;harging-pallet pressing
against the perpendicular arm of the detent, e, forces it
into the position indicated by the curved lines; the
impulse spring is thus liberated and immediately falls
against the impulse pallet A. As the pendulum returns
to the right, the impulr spring by its elasticity urges the
(>endulum forward with ihe exact power required to con-
tinue its vibration. The spring is limited in its motion
by a screw, o, by screwing or unscrewing which the
length of the stroke of the spring, and consequently the
power may be i-egulated to the greatest nicety. The
pendulum, continuing its motion to the right, comes in
contact with a slight spring tipped vrith platina, which
completes the circuit of the galvanic battery through the
coils of the electro-magnet, which is placed immediately
underneath the bed-plate in an inverted position, the poles
of which pass through the bed-plate. An armature, k, con-
sisting of a <lat bar of iron, is placed immediately above
the poles, being attached to a horizontal arm at right
angles thereto, which arm moves freely on an axis r, pro-
perly supported at either end on a brackot. On the
opposite side of the axis is another arm also projecting
at right angles, but considerably longer than the first.
The use of the second arm, in connexion with an adjust-
able weight, is to raise the armature from the poles of
the magnet. When, therefore, a cuiTent of electricity is
made to pass through the coils of wire which surround
the magnet, the armature is attracted towards the poles,
and consequently the long arm with the adjustable
weight is elevated in the opposite direction. It is
evident that this arm cannot be raised without lifting
the arm, d, of the impulse spring, b, bending the impulse
spring, and locking the upper end of the arm, o, on the
detent, ready for the next impulse.
[A point of importance in the construction of this
clock is the method of making and breaking contact for
the electric currents. When the chrouit is broken, a
spark is seen to pass between the points of contact. The
continued action of this spark causes the points be-
tween which it passes to become oxidised ; and as the
metallic oxides are non-conductors of electricity, it fol-
lows that the passage of the electricity will be thereby
interfered vrith and prevented.
In the first clock constructed, a piece of steel -wire was
used as a break spring, touching against the side of the
pendulum-rod ; but the points of contact oxidised so
rapidly, that the clock would not go for more than a few
days without stopping. The steel spring was then re-
moved, and one of gold substituted, and a small plate
of gold was soldered to the side of the pendulum-rod.
The difBculty appeared to have been entirely overcome ;
but in six weeks the quantity of electricity passing was
considerably reduced, and at the end of two months the
clock stopped.
Platina was next tried, in the same manner as the gold,
in a new clock, completed in 1848, since which time the
points of contact have never required cleaning, the cir-
cuits being completed at the present time with as much
certainty as when the clock was first put together. These
points of contact present some peculiarities when exa-
mined with a lens. With metals having a great affinity
for oxygen, a black spot forms immediately at the point
of contact ; while in the case of platina the immediate
point of contact remains perfectly clean, a rim of black
forming around it. This black rim has been found to be
quite capable of conducting electricity. The probable
I conclusion, therefore, is, that the black rim is platina in
a very fine state of division, and not an oxide of the
metal.
The battery best n'apted for these clocks is that of
Mr. Smee, both on accoimt of its simplicity and the ease
with which it is recharged. The amalgamated zinc em-
ployed in this battery is subject to rapid local action, by
the quantity of impurity which it contains, consisting
usually of lead, iron, copper, tin, and cadmium ; all
these metals having less affinity for oxygen than zinc,
become negative when immersed in dilute acid, and form
a voltaic circle with the surrounding particles of zinc.
The use of amalgamation is to stop this action, which,
when the amalgamation is fresh, it accomplishes ; but in
a few days the local action again commences, and in-
creases until the acid is neutralised, or the whole of the
zinc dissolved.
This may be obviated by standing the zinc plate loose
in the jar, resting on the \ ttom, and pouring in an ounce
or two of mercury. This .-.li is found to answer remark-
ably well ; the quicksilver soaking up the zinc plate, keeps
it thoroughly amalgamated. The zinc may be melted,
and after being mixed with mercury, cast in moulds; the
quicksilver would then form one of the impurities pre-
sent: and should local action take place at any one point,
the solution of the zinc would not only liberate the other
metals present, but liberate at the same time sufficient
quicksilver to cover them, and stop the local action.
It is well known that the zinc of a battery is acted
upon more severely at th'e surface of the liquid than else-
where, by which the lower part is wasted. This appears
to depend on the presence of oxygen ; for it does not go
on, where the battery has been enclosed in a bottle to col-
lect the hydrogen evolved, A double advantage results
I
422
\l
Class 10.— rillLOSOPIlICAL, MU8ICAT., IIOROLOQICAI.,
North, Nobth Ckstkal, ani> South Ckstbai. Oai.i.erikb.
[ Unitkd
ftx)m making the batterioa air-tight ; not only in this pe-
culiar action stoppod, but tho evaporation of the water
prevented. In batteries required to act for long periods,
one zino plate should be employed, aa when two are used,
one of them almost always becomes negative to the other ;
and altho\igh this action is very slight, yet when it con-
tUiues constantly for several months, its effect is very
perceptible.
This clock, although quite equal to that of St. Paul's
Cathedral, occupies far less space ; the heavy weights,
with the room necessary for their descent, being of course
dispensed with. One of the most obvious advantages in
electro-magnetic clocks is, that precisely similar time will
be kept by any number of dials situated in the different
parts of a large establishment, and connected with one
I>endulum. Such a series has been in operation for some
time at an extensive commercial warehouse. The whole of
the dials are regulated by one pendulum, situated in the
counting-house. The wire required to communicate be-
tween the pendulum and the dials in the different depart-
ments of the worehouso is upwards of a quarter of a mile
in length.]
1 29 Smith & Sons, John, Lancelot, ft William,
St. Jiilm's Sipuire, Cltrketwell — Manufacturers.
Regulator and case, with self-a(\}U8ting pendulum,
suited to any temperature, by its own action; with baro-
meter, thermometer, &c.
[Astronomical clocks are sometimes made, and yet not
used in observation, but kept by clockmakers themselves,
for the purpose of being used as a standard by which to
adjust other clocks, chronometers, and watches not yet
brought to time; and such clocks, when so used, are
called regtUators, from the use to which thoy are put; and
when they have good compensating pendulums, and the
boat escapements, they differ from astronomical clocks
only in the name. — J. G.]
Detector clock, or watchman's timepiece, for indi-
cating the precise time of absence or neglect of duty in
watchmen, nightwardens, &c. ; forming also a bracket
time-piece.
Eight-day office dials. Eight-day church or turret dock.
Church clock to chime the quarters.
Skeleton timepiece and almanoo, which goes twelve
months with once winding, and shows seconds, minutes,
and hours, with the days of the week, and the mr^nth,
on one dial. Skeleton quarter clock, which chimes the
quarters on eight bells, and strikes on steel wire gong.
Whisliaw's uniformity of time clock and telegraph
instruments.
130 RoBEBTS, Richard, Olobe Wurk$, Manchester —
Proprietor.
Patent alpha (church or turret) clock, the wheels
and pinions made of cast-iron, with the teeth retaining
the scale; it has only one weight to actuate both the
going and striking trams, and the chain or cord, requiring
no lateral traverse, can be token off in any direction.
The pendulum (compensation) and the escapement (re-
montoire) are adapted to keep the clock at an almost
imiform rate, whilst the hands being advanced at in-
tervals of thirty (or, if preferred, sixty) seconds, afford
upportunity for ascertaining the time to a second.
[The striking of the hour is effected through means by
which the blows are given at equal intervals of time, thus
avoiding both the irregularity of the fan and the expen-
diture of power to drive it. The upper part of the case
in which the clock stands shows a simple mode of con-
structing a turret, to consist of four pillars connected
together by as many dials, which tiu-rut it is proposed
should be placed diagonally with reference to the build-
ing on wliich it is to stand, in which position the dial
will be better seen in all dii-ectionH.]
Watch which beats dead (centre) seconds with only
one train of wheels, &c.
Patent recorder wat«h with double hands.
Patent normal drill, for drilling all the pivot, screw,
and steady pin-holeo in the frame-plates of watches,
chronometers, and small docks, A boy may drill with
this machine any number of watch frame-plates, so
precisely alike, that the parts tliat fit one of the frames
will fit all or any of the others.
[It will be seen that by varying the distance of the
drill from the fulcrum of the graduated beam, any Bi/.e
of watch-plate may be drilled from tho same model-
plate; and that by changing the model-plate, the arrange-
ment of the holes may be varied at pleasure.]
Patent synchronometer model, to show that by the
application of pneumatics, a clock may be made to in-
dicate simultaneously the time of day on dials in various
places at a diatiuice from each other.
Patent wheel sector. By this instrument the external
and pitch line diameters of Avheels and pinions of any
pitch and number of teeth are accimitely ascertained.
Electro-magnet, 2} inches square, the iron of which
weighs only one pound four ounces and a half; capable
of sustaining upwards of 500 lbs.
Electro-magnet, three inches square, the iron of which
weighs only two pounds six ounces; capable of sustain-
ing 678 lbs.
131 YouNO, J., Kmiresborvwjh — Manufacturer.
Skeleton timepiece.
137
Rush, O., hlaenhnrn Hall, Bishop Stortford —
Inventor.
Design for the improvement of the dial -plate, and regis-
tering of the aneroid barometer ; so that by the addition of
a table engraved upon the face, it will enable the tra-
veller to determine approximate altitudes by simple iu-
speotion of the dial.
138 Grav & Keen, Liverpool — Designers and
Manufacturers.
Wheel barometer, designed for use in naval establish-
ments.
Gothic wheel barometers.
140
Abraham, John Aduroham, 87 Bold Street,
Liverpool — Inventor.
Barometer, designed to show, without adjustment, the
true height of the mercurial column.
141 Jones, W, ft S., 30 Ilolhorn.
A mountain thermometer.
144 Bbookei, Charles, '29 h'cppel Street — Inventor and
Designer,
Photographic self-registering magnetic, and meteorolo-
gical apparatus.
The object of this apparatus is to obtain a more perfect
knowledge of magnetic and meteorological phenomena,
by continuous observation of all the changes that occur
simultaneously in the various instruments. As the maj,'-
netic changes are too minute to actuate continuously any
mechanism, however delicate, a record can be obtained
by an imponderable agent only, as light.
Even with a staff of assistants so large that the eye of
one of them should be constantly applied to every tele-
scope, the results would be liable to eiTors of observation;
besides which, the magnetic changes occasionally occur
too rapidly to be continuously recorded by an observer.
Since the apparatus has been employed at the Royal
Observatory, Greenwich, the number of the staff has been
reduced, and the fatiguing process of nocturnal observ-
ations in the magnetic department has been entirely
superseded. The apparatus consists of —
1 . A declinometer.
2. A bitilar magnetometer.
In these instnmients, the torsion circle from which the
suspension skin hangs is supported by eight brass tube?
Kingdom.]
AND SURGICAL IN8TUUMENT8.
NoHTii, NoBTii Ckntbai., and South (!kntbai. (Ui.i.URiKa.
423
springing fVom the four ooruen of a marble slab (which,
when in actual operation, would be cemented on the top
of a Htone jpillar firmly fixed in the ground, an<l insulated
from the noor of the obaervatory) : these tubes, about
4 feet long, converge alternately to four point* of the
torsion plate ; thev thus compose a framework possessing
great stiflbess. To the suspension-frame of each magnet,
a plane glass mirror and a concave metallic speculum are
attache<l. The plane mirror is for the purpose of nukking
eye-observations with a telescope in the usual manner. A
gas-light or lamp is so placed at a distance of about two
feet in front of each speculum, that an image of a small
slit in the ,/ «r chimney surrounding the burner may
fall on t..<) Bensitive paper attached to —
3. The registering apparatus. This is placed midway
between 1 and 2, and consists of a stand supporting hon-
7oiitally on friction rollers two concentric glass cy Undent,
round the inner of which is wrapped a sheet of prepared
photographic paper: the outer or covering cylirder keeps
the paper moist during the 'J4 hours it remains in aotioi . A
bent arm, attached to the axis of these cylinders, is car ied
round by a fork at the end of the hour-hand of a ti ne-
piece specially constructed for the purpose. The horizontal
motion of the tracing point of light, combined with the
vertical motion of tne paper, traces out the magnetic
curve, which, when the P*per is removed from the
cylinder, is developed and fixed by the usual photo-
graphic processes. A third light is attached to the
registering apparatus, for the purpose of drawing a
standard or base line on the paper; by the varying distance
of any point of tho magnetic curve ftvm this line, the
magnetic variation is determined. At the distance at
which these instruments are placed, an angle of 1° is
represented by '2 inches on the paper; but the scale valve
may be enlarged at pleasure, by placing them further
apart. This instrument is shown in fig. 1.
Brooke'i Self-regUtorlng Msgnetometer.
AA, the declination magnet.
B, a concave speculum attached to the magnet.
C, a plane glass mirror also attached to the magnet,
for making observations by a telescope, on tho old method,
when required.
0, the torsion plate, reading to minutes by two verniers.
E, a frame standing upon the torsion plate. A hook
capable of being raised or lowered by a screw, is attached
to this frame, from which the magnet is suspended by a
skeiu of untwisted silk fibres.
FFF, a glass box, in which the magnet and its appen-
dages are enclosed, to protect them from the air; for the
same purpose, the suspension skein is enclosed in a glass
tube O, which passes through a stuffing box H, in the lid
of the box.
1, a gas-burner enclosed in a brass chimney, from which
no light can escape, except a small pencil which passes
through a narrow slit K, capable of being adjxisted by a
screw ; on the breadth of this slit, the breadth of the
register line depends.
LTj, a combination of two plano-convex lenses. The
pencil of light passing through K, falls on the mirror B,
and is reflected to the cylindrical lenses ; by these, the
image of the slit is condensed to a point of light on the
surface of
MM, the registering apparatus, consisting of two con-
centric cylinders, between which the photographic paper
is placed.
N, the magnetic curve traced by the point of light.
O, a gas-burner, fixed to the stand on which the
cylinders rest.
P, a plano-convex prismatic lens, attached to the top of
QQ, an opaque box, which protects the photographic
paper from extraneous light. A pencil of light from O
passes through P, and is brought to a focus on the surface
of the paper.
R, the base line, described by the point of light.
SS, the bifilar, or horizontal force magnetometer.
TT, the apparatus for producing an automatic tempera-
ture compensation ; this consists of two zinc tubes, which
are clamped to a glass rod by two adjustible clamps VV,
the suspension skein passes over a pulley X, and the ends
are attached to two hooks WW ; as the temperature rises,
these hooks are approximated to each other by a quantity
Clam 10.— l'Hir,OSOPHICAL, MUSICAL, HOnOLOOICAr.,
North, Nortu Ckntral, and South Ckntrai. Uai.i.khiicb.
[V'nitrd
eqtMl to the diflerenoe uf the exmuiaion of the glaM rw\
aiid the 2ino tubtiH, Ixitweeu the oinnipa VV j and thus the
torsion force is dimiuLvhed ; the position of the olamps is
■o adjusted, that the diminution of the torsion font
shall be equivalent to the loss of power in the magnet :
and tkt vtrsd, when the temperature falls. The magnet,
its appendages, and the suspension skoin are enoTosed
similarly to the declination magnet; the gloss box, &o., is
omitted to avoid confusion. Tlie registration of its move-
ments is likewise similarly effected on the opposite side
of the cylinders.
4. A blackened einc cose, which is placed over the
cylinders, when in actual operation, to prevent any light
from falling on the paper, except the two pencils which
describe the magnetic curvet), and another which posses
through a prism on the top of the cose, and draws the
base line. N.B. — This prism is placed on the top of the
glass cose, to show its proper position.
5. A cose of the same material, which coven the whole
of the apparatus, to protect the sensitive paper from any
■tray light, as well ns to defend the whole from dust, &c.
6. A oalanced mognetometer, supported by agate knife-
edges, resting on agate planes. The variations of this
instniment are similarly recorded on —
7. A registering apparatus, similar to the preceding
No. 3, except that the axis of the revolving cylicder in
vertical. The top of the inner cylinder rests on a turn-
table, which is carried round by the hour-hand of a
time-piece. In this and in the preceding apparatus, the
lines of light reflected from the specula are each reduced
to a point, by passing through two cylindrical plane
convex lenses placed near the sides of the cylinders.
8. A self-registering barometer. Tlio short ana of a
lever carries a float which rests on the surface of the
mercury in the lower end of a syphon barometer tube.
The long arm carries a light screen with a small aperture
in it, which is interposed between the revolving cylinder
of No. 5, and a light. The small pencil of light passing
through the screen marks the photographic paper, and
thus records the changes in the mercurial column. The
same light which registers the barometer serves also to
describe the base line for the magnetic curve, by a pencil
conducted from the back of the chimney through a tube
with a right-angled prism at each end of it. This instru-
ment is shown m fig. 2.
AA, a self-registering barometer, enclosed in a case,
resting on a stand.
BB, the upper and lower ends of n syphon baro-
meter, which are of the same diameter, and of large size.
C, a float resting on the surface of the mercury, which
hangs in a notch on the short arm of a lever.
D, the pivot on which the lever turns.
E, the long arm of the lever, which carries at its ex-
tremity an opaque screen F, with a small aperture,
through which a small pencil of light passes.
0, a plate on which the tube rests, which is raised or
lowered by a screw.
H, a stand supporting a gas-burner.
1, the register Hue. described by this pencil of light.
The screen F will evidently rise and fall with the column
of mercury, and the indications will be amplified in pro-
portion to the length of leverage.
K, a tube with a plano-convex prismatic lens at each
end of it, placed at the back of the burner; through this,
a pencil of light is conducted in the direction indicated
by the dotted line, and describes the base line L. By
this arrangement, two pencils are derived from the same
source of light, which fall perpendicularly on two remote
points of the paper.
M, the balanced magnetometer.
N, a concave speculum connected with the magnet by
a bar, to which are attached agate knife edges ; these rest
on agate planes attached to the supporting frame.
O, a plane mirror for making observations with a
telescope in the usual manner.
P, a gas-burner, from which a pencil of light is re-
flected from the speculum N, and passing through a com-
bination of two piano-cylindrical lenses in the frame Q,
describes the register line R.
Brooke'a Self iegis>«rin( Bvometvr.
S, a frame supporting a turn-table.
T, the cylinder resting on the turn-table.
y, the gas-pipe supplying the burners.
9 and lU. Zinc coses analogous to 4 and 5.
11. A wet and dry bulb thermometer, and apparatus
for registering the temperature they indicate. The regis-
tering apparatus consists of a pair of vertical concentric
cylinders, similar to No. 7, supported on a table. Tiiu
bulbs of the thermometers are underneath the table,
through which the stems pass vertically, and are placed
between the opposite sides of the cylinders and two
lights. A narrow vertical line of light brought to a focus
by a cylindrical lens, falls on the stem of the thermo-
meter, and passing through the empty portion of the bore,
affects the paper. The boundary between the darkened
and undarkened portion indicates the position of the
mercury in the stem of the thermometer. Five wires are
placed across the slit in the frame, through which the
light falls on the stem. They intercept narrow portions
of the light, and thus the scale of the thermometer in
continuously impressed on the register, as well as the
temperature. This instrument is shown in fig. 3.
I, 2, camphine lamps.
3, 4, cylindrical lenses, by which a bright foca! line
of light is obtained.
5, the psychrometer, or wet-bulb thermometer.
C, the dry-bulb thermometer.
7, two concentric cylinders, between which the
photographic paper is placed.
8, the register, as it appears after the impression is
developed.
9, one of the rollers of a turn-table, on which the
cylinders rest.
10, the frame which contains the timepiece.
II, a bent pin, or carrier, attached to the axis of
the cylinders ; this is carried round by a fork
at the end of the hour-hand of the time-piece.
Kl^ufx)M,J
AND HUUOICAL INSTIUJMKNTS.
NoBTH, North Ckntral., and South CkntralUallkuiic*.
4:'6
Fig. a.
right fucal line
rmometer.
en which the
Brooke'i Self-regi*tering Tliennometer.
Am this apparatus ia neoeBsarily placed in the open air,
when in actual operation, it ia pro\-ided with —
12. An inner cylindrical zinc caae, with sliding dooii,
to protect the aenaitire paper from light, when the
cvlinder is removed from, and brought back to, the
photographic room.
13. An outer wind and water-tight zinc case, with
water-tight doors, for removing and replacing the cylin-
ders, and for trimming the lamps, if lamps are used.
14. A timepiece, to show the arrangement of the
train. In order to avoid the unsteadiness of the hour-
hand, which in ordinary movements results from the
play of the motion-wheels under the dial, the central
axis which carries the hour-hand is in the train, and the
axis which carries the minute-hand is placed out of the
centre. Aa the forked or carrying arm is firmly attached
to the axis, another moveable hand or pointer is added,
which travels with the former, and pomts to the honr.
The compensating-bars of the balance of this piece are
composed of brass and palladium, to prevent the rate
being influenced by proximity to the magnets. The
numbers of the leaves in the pinions are all prime to the
numbers of the teeth in the wheels with which they are
in gear, to diminish the chance of irregular motion from
wear, as the face of the piece must necessarily be exposed.
15. An elastic scale of vulcanized India-rubber, stretched
on a htMi frame, for readily marking the subdivisiona of
time on the registers, which differ slightly in length.
16. Specimens of the registers obtained by similar
apparatus.
17. A lithographic fac-simile of one day's work of all
the instruments employed at the Royal Observatory,
from the volume of " Greenwich Magnetical and Meteoro-
logical Observations for 1847," to which the reader is
referred for further details, as well as to a series of papers
by the inventor, published in recent volumes of the
" Philosophical Transactions." The most recent improve-
ment of this apparatus is an automatic temperature com-
pensation, adapted to the horizontal-force magnetometer, 2 ;
luid to the vertical-force magnetometer, B. In the former
instrument, this object is attained by approximating
the lower ends of the bifllur suipeuslon, by the excess of
the expansion of a ziuu tube, over that of a glasH rod : in
the latter, by the weight of a small uuuutity of mercury
enclosed in a thermometer tube attached to the magnets,
passing from one side of the centre to the other.
[The skilful application of photography, by Mr. Brooke,
to register natural phenomena, with no more labour than
that of supplying the cylinder punctually with prepared
paper, is one of the mos^ useful and beautiful uses to which
photography has yet been applied. The paper is prepared
ao as to render it extremely sensitive to light, being flrat
washed with a solution of isinglass, bromide of potassium,
and iodide of potassium, in the proportion of 1, 3, and 3,
respectively; and when required for use, it ia washed with
an aqueoua aolution of nitrate of silver, which causes the
paper to be sufficiently sensitive to the action of light, ao
that if a beam of light be allowed to fall upon it, an im-
pression is mode upon that part where the light falls,
which becomes visible on being washed with a aolution of
gallic acid, with a amall admixture of acetic acid. A
light ia placed near a small aperture, through which raya
pasa and fall upon a concave mirror carried by a part of
the auspension apparatus of the magnet, and this reflec-
tion falls upon a piano-cylindrical lens of glass placed at
the distance of its focal length from the paper on the
cylinder. As the magnet is ever varying anu making
small excursions on one or other side of its mean position,
the point of light traces a corresponding zigzag line on
the paper. The thermometer apparatus has no mirror
and no reflector, the mercury in the tubes themselvea
intercepting the pencila of light; and thus this apparatus,
throughout the day and night, is constantly recording
the slightest change of position of the magnets, and the
smallest changes of temperature.
The object of the self-registering magnetometer above
described is to determine the direction and intensity of
the earth's magnetism. Its direction is generally found
by suspending a piece of steel previously magnetized, or
in other words, a magnet, by parallel threads of untwisted
silk, and the bur settles in that position in which mag-
netism causes it to rest, and which is called the magnetic
meridian. The angle between the astronomical meridian
knd the magnetic meridian gives the magnetic declination,
which is the subject of research with the declination mag-
netometer; at present this value in London is about 22^"
west of the astronomical meridian.
Having determined the declination, the vertical plane
is determined in which the force of magnetism is exerted.
The angle which the magnet mokes, when freely sus-
pended OD this plane from the horizon, is termed the dip.
At presei t, the dip at London is about 68° 40'. The force
of magnetism exerted in this inclined direction can be re-
solved iutc cwo forces, the one acting in a horizontal direc-
tion, the oti\er in a vertical direction, so that conjointly
they shall produce exactly the same force as the single
force. Tho bifilar, or horizontal force magnetometer, ia
intended f jr measuring the variations of the horizontal
component of the variations of the force of magnetism.
It consists of a magnet suspended by two halves of a skein
of untwisted silk, kept at a certain distance apart. If an
unmagnetized bar were thus suspended, it would romain
at rest only in that position in which the two parts of the
suspension skein were without twist, and if it were turned
out of this position, it would endeavour to resume its
former position, with a force proportionate to its weight,
and the angle through which it had been turned. This
principle is made the means of measuring the force of
Clam 10.— PnTLOflOnilOAL, MUSIOAI,, HOROLOOirAI,,
North, North Cknthai., ani> South Ckntrai. (Uu khikh.
[UinTKU
nuigiietli<in. A freely -iiMiwiidxl uiagnet alwayi end**-
voun to runt in the ninRnetio meridUu.
The TorintioM in the vertioAl component of the in»g-
netia dip nre the lubjeota uf invvitigntiun with the ver-
tioiU i irce uiHgnet, wbiuh ia A iiuiffnet pl«ce<l nearly at
right .'"•glee to the magnetio meriilian. It is kept hori-
■ontal, or nearly lo, by weight* balanced with extreme
•ootiraoy, and made to vibrate like a balance ; and frt)m
its different inclination, the variation of the vertical force
of magnetiiim ia detenuiuod. — J. 0.]
145
DoLU>NU, OuMOB, St. Pauti Chwrchyiuti—
Inventor.
Atmoepheno recorder. Thii instrument lelf-reglatert
■imultaueouair, on paper, the viirying preuurea of the
atmoaphere, the ohangv^ of the temperature of air and
evaporation, and thoae of the oloctrical etatoa of the
atmoanhere, the fall of rain, the amount of water evapo-
rated from a surface of water, and the force and direotlon
of the wind.
[Selfregiatering inatrumenta, which move equally by
clock-work or otherwise, and are made aubnervient to the
regiatration of natural phenomena, are of the higheat
importance, and particularly ao in meteorological investi-
gationa, where the ohangea of every element of reaearoh
are perpetual, and thoae which accrue during the night
are of equal importance to thoae happening during the
day.-^. a.]
The atmoapherio recorder will correctly regiater the
alighteat change which takea place during any period of
time, according to the length of the paper.
The apparatua ia composed of a frame of about two feet
by three feet aix inches, firmly supported upon four pil-
lars, the sidea of the fraiue being strongl v bolte<l together
at two feet fh>m each other. At one-fourth from each
end of the frame, a roller of one foot in circumference is
intnvl' "'xl. To one of these rollers an eight-day clock
is attached, which moves it round once in twenty-four
hours. At half right angles above that roller Sa another
of the same dimensions, so arranged as to press upon it
equally throughout its length. The last-mentioned roller
is for the purpose of keeping the paper in contact with the
driving or clock roller.
The apparatua is represented in the annexed Plate.
The roller at the other end of the fhune acts as a rest
for carrying the paper to be registered to a platform in
the middle of the frame, which has its face m the same
plane as the upper aides of the rollers.
Near the end of the firame, which is placed towards
the north, is a strong bar, upon which all the fulcrums
of the indicators or markers are placed, from which arms
of one foot in length, having spruig points at their ends
for the barometer, thermometer, and hygrometer, are
struck into the paper every half hour by a falling lever or
frame. For the electrometer, rain, evaporator, force and
direction of the wind, ever-pointed pencils are used, which
make a continuous mark upon the paper, with a weight
pressing upon them ao as to render the morka perfectly
distinct without interrupting their proper motion.
Beyond the fulcrums there are continuations of the
arms of the indicators, to which are applied, by various
contrivances, the powers which give motion to the indi-
cators, in those proportions which are required by the
scales of the eight instruments which mark the various
changes of the atmosphere. Each indicator boa its
proper s'^e placed near to the line of the registering
points and pencils, so that the last indentures or marks
on the paper may be compared with their respective
scales, and the time referred to at which the in^oation
took place.
There are also a set of liners which separate each de-
partment, and form leeros or boundary lines throughout
ttie whole run of the paper, commencing at the point or
place of the indicatoi s, h'om which any movement or hy-
grometric change of the {taper may be referred to for
correction.
On each side of the (bune, there is a marker for time;
thnao are goveme<l by a wheel attao!;-*)! to the vliick rollui',
which, by a luvor and inclined planes, are niiule to tv\(\n
ter the time correctly at uvury lialf-hour, anil iiixth Iidiu'
more stronglv, for the cnnvuuluuoe of ooiuitiiig. Tlio jul-
vantage of thus marking the time on both tlio udguR of
the impor ia very cunaideiitble ; for when the pa|Kir in
taken off, or at any time uxiuuined, a lino drawn acriiin,
corresponding with the opposite marks, willshowthet'iirroct
|ierio<l at which any change in the atmosphore took pliua.
Having described the general formation of the apiw
ratus, it will l>e reijviisite to give a detailed accouut uf
those parts which are more iunnediately acted uiran liy
the atmosphere, and the manner in whicn they are ina<lu
to regiater the results.
The barometer ix upon the siphon principle of a largo
bore. Upon the surfaca of the mercury, in the shortuxt
leg, is plAoed a float very accurately counterpoised, Imtving
only sufficient weight to compel it to follow the mercury,
ana correctly adjusted to that part of the aii]>aratuii
which move* the indicator, when the preasure of the at-
mosphere hi at thirty inches. The connection of the float
with the indicator is so arranged an to give a scale of three
to one, which has been found to maintain the register in the
most perfect manner, under comparison with an exoollent
instrument of the best construction.
The thermometriool arrangement consists of ton mer-
curi.il theruometers of a peculiar form. These are sus-
pended upon an citremely delicate and accurate balance,
i>y which a correct register of all the various changes iu
this climate have been found to agree with the beat ther-
mometera of the usual construction. They are placed
at the north end of the frame, and are screened from the
effects of the wind and rain by perforated pUtea of zinc.
The hygrometer consists of a slip of mahogany out
across the grain. This was placed in a cylinder filled with
water, and suspended from the upper end, with a weight
of two pounds at the other end, until it was found by
repeated examination to be completely saturated, and no
longer to increase in length. The length was then referred
to an accurate scale, and tbu slip of mahogany pla ad by
the side of the pipe of a stove, under the some suspension
and weight, until its shortest length was obtained. The
difference of the two results being carefully taken, the
scale was formed act rdingly. It is placed in a tube, open
at both ends for a free passage of air, outside the observa-
tory. It is suspended, and weighted as before, with full
power to act upon the arm of the indicator, quite free
from the action of the sun or rain, and ia fouud to be ex-
tremely active and firm in its operation, showing upon an
open scale every hundredth of it* extremes in dryness and
moisture.*
The next part of the arrangement to be described is
the electrometer for thunder-storms and electric changes.
This Is constructed by placing a well-insulated conductor
upon the highest convenient place, from which a wire is
brought down to an insulation on the top of the obsei'va-
tory, and from thence to a standard through another in-
sulation to a metal disc, between which and a spring there
is a moveable disc attached to a glass or insulating arm, for
the purpose of connecting it with an accurate support
upon which it can move with the greatest facility. In
connexion with this arm and disc there is a pencil carried
forward to the line of indica' ion. The spring before stato'l
is fixed to a standard at about three inches from the first
disc; to this a wire is attached and carried into the earth.
By this arrangement, the electricity put in motion by a
thunder-cloud is received and registered. The effect of
this arrangement during a thunderstorm is extremely in-
teresting. When a cloud charged with the electric fluid
comes within the range of the conductor, the moveable
dine begins slowly to pass from the first disc to the spring,
discharging each time a proportion of the electricity, and
increasing in rapidity of motion until the discharge of the
cloud by lightning takes place. It then falls bock to the
* Tlilf method of ooiutf iictinx a hyKromcter wu recommended by
Henry Lswun, Kmi., F.R.S., (Vom one in his poMetnion mide for ami
lined by the late Dr. Benjamin Franklin, which now perfomu with
preclaion, although made more than lialf a century mo.
[Umitku
« « murker for time;
lt<>thB«l„ckn.l|«r,
, aro imula to rnnin.
Jur, nml Hixtli |,.)iir
oomitiiitf. Tho imI.
n both tho utlKoR ,)f
wlion the pn|Kir in
» lino ilmwn itvrow
willi(howth«(iin«tt
loni.hore took |p1iio«.
wtloii of the ap|>H.
detailed nooouut of
tely acted upon hy
hloh they are in»|o
principle of a largo
iry, in the ihortoiit
interpoiiiod, leaving
:>llow the moroiiry,
of tho aji|>iiratun
proMuro of the at-
nection of tho flout
iveascaloofthree
u the regiiter hi tho
1 with au •zcellent
a»igt» of ton mer-
1. ThoM are sua-
I accurate balance,
■arious changes iu
vith the beat ther-
They are placed
scrooned from the
hI platea of zinc,
of mahogany cut
y Under fllle<l with
nd, with a weight
I it waa found by
nturated, and no
waa then referred
hogany plo. ad by
> same auapenaion
a obtained. Tho
Bfully taken, the
din a tube, open
»ide the olworva-
before, with full
ioator, quite free
B found to be ex-
showing upon an
eaindryneaaoud
I be described ia
electric changes,
dated conductor
which a wire ia
1 of the obaerva-
ugh another in-
id a spring there
mlatingarm, for
ticurate support
est facility. In
a pencil carried
Qg before stated
38 from the first
1 into the earth,
in motion by a
. The effect of
8 extremely in-
10 electric fluid
, the moveable
ic to the spring,
electricity, and
lischarge of the
tils back to the
recommended by
inion made I'or ami
>w perlbniu with
Njo.
I> '
tn
wi
of
u
u
95.
TIIK AI'MOHI-IIKItlC ItKCUIlDK.H. IN)l,l,OND.
KiSODOM.]
AND SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS.
NOHTB, NOBTH CeNTBAIj, AND SoCTH CBNTBAL GALLERIES.
487
first disc, and remaimi perfectly quiet until the next elec-
tric cloud approachee. If, in the interim, a cloud charged
with rain only should descend or pau oyer, no movement
of the diao tuee place.
The pluviometer, or that part of the apparatus which
ia arranged for registering the quantity of rain that falls,
]t formed in the following manner : — On the top of the
observatory there is a receiver of one foot square, clear
from all surrounding matter that might interfere with
the direct fall of the rain upon its surface. From this
receiver a pipe conducts the rain into another receiver
inside the observatory, directly under the registering
apparatus; in this there is an air-float, connected with a set
of inclined planes, each inclined plane being equal to one
Inch of rain. These inclined planes, as they pass up,
move the indicator across the destined proportion of the
paper; showing, as it proceeds, the result of each dr"p
to the hundredth part of au inch in superficies, and con-
tinues to advance until it arrives at one inch. It is then
ioBtantly discharged, and returns to the zero of the
scale, or commencement of another inch. The internal
receiver is calculated to contain six inches of rain, a
quantity that seldom falls in this island dvuing one
month. The register will show when it is nearly full.
The water con then be drawn o£P without the slightest'
inconvenience, and the float be re-adjusted to the zero of
the first inch.
The evaporator, 10, is an open cube of one foot square,
which ia supplied with water from the larger vessel, and
is connected with the cube by a pipe imdemeath the two
vessels, 10-10. From that connexion the indicator of
evaporation is canrried to the marker or arm, 6, of the
registering paper, and is supported by a float from the
Bur&ce of the water in the larger vessel. The cube or
evaporator is covered by a plate of glass at an angle of
sufficient elevation to prevent rain from falling into it,
but not so close as to resist the air from freely acting upon
the surface of the water. When the water is exhausted,
it may be refilled from the pimip in the observatory.
The power or force of the wind is registered by a com-
bination of suspended weights, acted upon by inclined
planes or edges, in connexion with a board of one foot
square to receive the impression; this board is kept in op-
position to the direction of the wind by a powerml vane,
its motion being as free from firiction as possible, every
part being correctly counterpoised. When the board is
acted upon by the wind, it raises the suspended weights
by a chain passing over a pulley in a line with the direction
of the '.and, and well secured firom the weather. The
suspended ^weights in connexion with an inclined lever
carry the pencil of indication along the scale, which re-
gisters the weight lifted in ozs. and U>s. avoirdupois ; the
scale having been found, by repeated trials, to be cor-
rectly equij to the weights recorded upon it.
The direction of the wind is also registered at the some
time by another pencil, which marks the course upon the
paper, throughout the whole circle of the horizon, or
that proportion through which it passes.
For the convenience of placing upon the instrument
the paper to be registered, there is a roller, with a flange
at each end, to keep it from being deranged as it is un-
rolled, for which proper receptacles are proHded for the
pivots underneath the frame, and pu«llel to the rollers
above.
The cut represents one day's work of this instrument.
II « H u n n I M in no m o i« u o m it o
The end of the paper is carried from this roller over the
one above, at the north end of the frame, and conducted
under the indicators, and over the platform to the driving
and pressing rollers; it is then to be drawn forward until
it reaches a similar roller to that on which it was first
rolled, also underneath the frame; to this roller it is then
to be fastened by springs prepared for that purpose. This
roller has attached to one of its pivots a worm, upon which
a weight is wound up ; which weight is equal to the power
requisite to wind up the pi^er as it comes from the driving
roller, leaving a space between them, which gives the
observer an opportimity of seeing what has been registered
during the last twenty-four hours.
For the purpose of reading off the register when removed
from the apparatus, there are a set of scales in com-
bination, corresponding correctly with those upon the
instrument.
The whole may be placed in a room six feet square,
'laving on opening to the north for the convenience of
placing the thermometer out of the range of the sun's
rays, and the better for the action of the hygrometer.
For the convenience of the lightning conductor and vane,
an upper room would be preferable.
References to Plate 95. — 1 . Barometer. 2. Thermometer.
3. Hygrometer. 4. Electrometer. 5. Pluviometer. 6.
Evaporator. 7. Force of the wind. 8. Direction of the
wind. 9. The Clock. 10. Receivers for Pluviometer and
Evaporator.
Lawbou's meteorological thermometer stand: this ap-
paratus consists of a frame (fig. 1) of white deal boards,
and can be formed or constructed by any carpenter. It
is represented in the cut. It is made of on oblung trunk,
T, 12 inches by 8 inches outside measure; to the opposite
sides of which are nailed boards, b, b, at the distance of
three-quarters of an inch, and projecting about six inches
from it towards the north. Outside of these are nailed
other thin boards, c, c, full half on inch distant, and pro-
jecting about four inches beyond the last-mentioned
boards, also towards the north. These sides or shades
prevent the sun frt>m heating the interior of the stand
where the thermometers are placed, llie top, or pent
board, P, is made double, and the boards ore placed at
full three-quarters of on inch distant from each other,
and come forward so as to overhang, by a full inch, the
night index thermometer, placed immediately beneath,
for the purpose of preventing rain or dew from falling
perpendicularly upon the bulb of the thermometer. The
legs, L, L, of the stand are merely the continuation of
the sides of the trunk. The board, F, F, is loaded, or the
feet fixed to the ground, to sustain the force of the wind.
The interior, T, is blackened to prevent strong reflections
of light.
The whole is to be painted white, and no other colour;
except the face of the trunk, which may be black, to pre-
vent strong reflections of light.
Fig. 4 is a ground plan, or bird's-eye view of the ma-
chine, which will assist any intelligent workman in its
construction. The sides and wood-work generally are of
half-inch white deal. The distance between the sides of
the trunk T (tig. 1), and the board, or inner side, i, s,
(ig. 4 is three-quarters of on inch; and the distance from
thAt board to the outer side, o, s (fig 4), is full half an
inch. The naiTow boards, s, », (fig. 4), are to be nailed,
with studs intervening, to the middle board or side i, s;
and are designed to prevent the sun from shining between
the trunk and the sides, o, a, and t, s, when near the meri-
dian. The sides are fixed, one upon the other, at the
required distance (viz., three-quarters of on inch, and
half an inch), by numerous wooden studs, shown in figs,
1, 2, and 3, about three quarters of an inch diameter ;
the nails or screws passed through the sides and studs,
fixing the whole firmlv together. 'The whole is to be
Eainted white, except the face of the trunk T, which may
e black, to prevent strong reflection of light.
Fig. 2 is the view of the north side of the stand. No. 1
is an index thermometer, to give the greatest heat of the
air in the shade each day. No. 2 is an index spirit ther-
mometer, to give the greatest cold of the night. No. 4
428
Clabb 10.— philosophical, MUSICAL, HOROLOGICAL,
NoBTH, North Central, and South Central Oalleries.
[United
•n two thormometen, with finely -graduated loalea, which
•re called the wet and dry bulb thermometer, to ahuw the
power of air to eTapontte water. V ia a conical vaoe of
ooniiderable size to nold water for the wet bulb thermo-
meter; it is of glass, for the purpose of seeing when it
requires re-flUing, and conical, to prevent its being broken
hjtroet.
Fig. 3 is the view of the south side of the stand. No. 3
is an index mercurial thermometer, with a black bulb, to
give the greatest solar heat of each day. R is a rain
gauge, wUch conveys the rain into the bottle, B, en-
closed within the trunk, T (fig. 1). From the bottle, B,
the water is to be poured into the gauge tubes, provided
for the purpose or showing the quantity of rain that has
fallen.
The meteorological thermometer stand, as above ar-
ranged, will be found to possess the following advantages.
It can be placed in any eligible sryot that may suit the
convenience of its owner. Its four sides being placed to
Cmm the cardinal points, it commands a true north and
south aspect. It can be visited on every side, and be free
fit>m all surrounding objeots. The instruments or ther-
mometers used can be read off with the greatest faoUity;
and the whole will be at a known distance firom the
ground. Those instruments placed on the south fitc*
will have the meridian sun; and those on the north face
will be always in the shade, in consequence of the pro-
jecting wings. It can be employed by any meteorologist,
wherever residing. It is of a determinate form, height,
and size. The instruments may be read off with promp-
titude, so as to prevent or reduce errors arising from the
person of the observer being too long in the vicinity of
the thermometers. By the general adoption of this stand,
instruments placed upon it will all be used or observed,
under similar circumstances ; and deductions therefrom
be more correctly drawn than at present. It follows,
therefore, that observations made either in Europe, Asia,
Africa, or America, if drawn from instruments thus simi-
larly placed, can be compared wiUi each other more accu-
rately than heretofore.
Lawaon'a Thermometer Stand
In using instruments a certtun adroitness is necessary;
but a little practice will render the use of the thermo-
meter stand in every respect easy. The thermometers
used should have their bulbs perfectly free from the scales,
whether of metal or wood, and a space of at least half an
inch should be interposed between the bulb of each ther-
mometer and its scale, and the place whereon it is fixed;
as in some states of the atmosptiere great errors will be
the consequence of their touching any surrounding body.
The metallic indices in the tubes of registering thermo-
meters are apt to tarnish and cease to slide with the re-
quired ease, which may be prevented by passing them up
and down the tube, half a dozen times, at every notation
of the thermometer. When the thermometers are put
by, and out of use, the indexes should be moved to
the end of the tube furthest from the bulb, and left
there. .
146 Good, S. A.. H.W. Dockyard, Pembroke —lay entor.
New method of transmitting motion, applied to a globe
for illustrating the effect of the earth's diurnal motion
upon the plane of a pendulum's oscillation at any latitude.
Fl-ovisionally pattuted.
148 ScHOLEFiELD, Daniel, Freeman's S<i., Huddersjield—
Manufacturer.
Portable metronome, for denoting time in music ; it
weighs less than half an ounce, and can be carried in the
waistcoat pocket.
149 Harris, William, k Son, 50 High ffolhom—
Manufacturers.
Patent compensating portable barometers for measur-
ing the heights of mountains, and peculiarly applicabl*
KlNGDOK.]
8q., H,iddm-sfield—
'igh Holhorn —
AND SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS.
North, North Central, akd Socth Central Galleries.
429
for marine purpoMB. Houm barometer. Patent pocket
travelling barometer.
Xew and improved aelf-regiatering thermometer.
Patent miorometrioal and double-image telescope, and
"coming-up glaaa," according to Brewnter, for meaauring
diitancea either on sea or land. Applicable as a micro-
meter for the purposes of practical astronomy; as a naval
telescope, for measuring distances at sea; and as a " com-
ing-up glass," for ascertaining whether a ship is approach-
ing to or receding from the observer.
151 Merbtweather, Oeorob, M.D., WMthy, TorkMre —
Designer and Inventor.
"Tempest prognosticator," or, atmospheric electro-
magnetic telegraph, conducted by animal instinct; for
the protection of Ufa and property.
152 Hewitson, J., AiwoMffo-ttpon-IV*^ — Inventor and
ManufiMsturer.
Self-acting and self-registering tide gauge and tidal in-
dicator, recording with accuraoyany vtuiationof the tide,
and requiring no supervision. Time is kept bv an astro-
nomical dock, with pendulum vibrating seconds. Hours,
minutes, and seconds shown on their respective circles,
with the height of the tide at the moment of observation,
exhibited on the opposite dial. In connexion with the
instrument, other machinery is ^)plied to exhibit to an
observer, on a large scale, and to be seen at a great
distance, the depth of water on the bar, or over shoals,
or, in short, at any given place.
164
Bbtbom & Sons, Edinburgh — Inventors and
Manufboturera.
Five models, exhibiting the various escapements of
watches at present in general use.
Self-registering barometer clock.
157 Ross, Archibald Hilbon, 25 Bridge St., Sunderland
— Inventor and Designer.
A self -compensating barometer, having the scale which
denotes the height of the mercurial column attached to
float on the surface of the mercury in the cistern, to
show the height of the barometrical column, which is
the exact distance between the two surfaces. Design, a
Corinthian column, supporting a figure of the late Sir
Robert Peel.
157a Cabello, Lodis P., k Co., 23 Hatton Garden —
Manufacturers.
Combined comparative barometer; designed, arranged,
and_ manufactured by the exhibitor; exhibiting the Torri-
cellian, the Cartesian, and wheel barometers, and sym-
piesometer, acting in combination; with varying scales of
1, 11, 4, and 2 inches respectively.
Improved self-registering window thermometer, which,
while it protects the scale from the weather, admits of
letting and correct reading without opening the window.
Smul pocket barometer, adapted for measuring heights.
Brown s registered barometer, made by the exhibitor,
and exhibited for accuracy and cheapness.
158 LoTEJOT, O., Reading — Proprietor.
A novel timepiece, consisting of a dial of glass, in the
centre of which an index-hand turns and points out the
time, without anv visible mechanism. It keeps correct
time; strikes tho hours and half hours; and requires only
to be wound up once in twenty-one days.
159 Orimoldi, Hbnrv, 31 Brooke Street, Holbom— Maker.
Improved pediment barometer in carved gilt frame.
160 Sanderson, Q., Mansfield, iVbMin^Aam— Designer.
Map of the country twenty miles round Mansfield, in
the coimty of Nottingham, upon a scale of one inch to
36 chains, or 2,. 176 feet.
ICOa
NaoRETn k Zambra, 11 Hatton Garden —
Inventors and Manufocturers.
Standard open oistem barometer, with adjusting scale.
Self-registering barometer.
New pocket barometer.
Pocket sympiesometer or air barometer.
Standard thermometer, with comparative scales for
atmospheric and chemical purposes.
Rutnerford's thermometer.
Sixes' self-registering thermometer.
Set of very sensitive thermometers, for delicate expe-
riments.
Registered thermometer for out-door exposure.
Tlureo of the most approved hygrometers now in use: a
Daniel's hygrometer: a diy-bulb and wet-bulb thermo-
meter, and Regnault's condenser hygrometer; the latter
instrument is so constructed as to be used like the pre-
ceding one, having been altered from Regnault's origual
form, by substituting black glass for silver capii, to avoid
the necessity of cleaning; the caps, an operation rendered
necessary by the oxidation of metal caps.
Two distinct thermometers in one stem.
Simple and improved pressure gauge, less liable to get
out of order than the ordinary mercury gauge.
[The dry and wet bulb thermometers oonsist of two
of these instruments, whose readings, when under the
same circumstances, are identical. In use, one of the
bulbs is covered with thin muslin, and moistened by
means of water passing by capillary action from a vessel
containing that fluid, and will take a temperature depend-
ing on the amount of moisture in the air. If the air be
saturated with moisture, there will be no difibrence in
the readings of the two thermometers; but if the air be
not saturated, it will take up additional vapour : this
vapour will be combined with heat, and the reduction
of temperature will be shown. The different readings of
the two thermometers will be according to the quantity
of heat which has been requu-ed to change the state of
water on the bulb to vigour. From the readings of the
dry and wet bulb thermometers, nearly all hygrometrioal
problems can be solved. Ether is more generally used
for evaporation with Daniell's hygrometor.— J. O.]
161
Orchard, John, Kensington — ^Designer and
Manufacturer.
Standard barometer, with various improvements.
Series of rack slides for magic lanterns, to show the
varied movements of the planets.
Air-pump — having no valve to interfere between it and
the receiver, so that the air can be exhausted fh>m the
receiver to such an extent as to freeze a vessel of water
placed over sulphuric acid for desiccation.
162 PizzALA, Francis AnonsTcs, 19 Hatton Garden —
Designer and Manufacturer.
Wheel barometer or weather glass, with rack-work
motion, intended to supersede the use of ordinary glass
weights. 'The case is carved in walnut, of novel design,
representing the leaves, buds, blossoms, &c., of the lilac,
larkspur, collomia, potato-bloom, Solomon's seal, and
other plants. The deal-plate is engraved with a globe
in the centre, surrounded by the signs of the zodiac.
163 Trkmlbtt, Richard, 9 Albemarle Street, StJohn'sSq.,
Clerkenwell — Inventor and Manufacturer.
Marine barometer in metal frame, with thermometer,
&c., and enamelled metal scales and springs, to check
osoUlation.
166 Dobbie, William, Falkirk, Scotland — Manufacturer.
Barometer, on an improved construction, which has
two indices, the one of the common range, and the other
430
Class 10.— PHILOSOPHICAL. MUSICAL, HOROLOGICAL,
North, North Ckntrai,, and South Cbntrai. Gaixeries.
rUHITRI)
pointing out the thousandth part of ui inch in the rise
and fall of the merotiry.
'^his inatrument ia represented in the aniuxed out.
Dobble'a Improved Buometcr.
168 CoixAKD & CoiXABD, CAeopsM^s— Hanufacturen.
Qrand pianoforte, in British mottled oak, with gold
decorations, in tlie style of Louis Quinze; bichord piano-
forte, square semi-pianoforte, vase form, and grand cabinet
pianoforte, all with the patent check and repeater action.
Pianoforte for the people, — {Orand pianoforte in Main
Avemu.)
175 List, Q. B., Southampton — Inventor.
An apparatus for setting firactures, and as a rest for the
treatment of other accidents and diseases of the lower
extremities. Miuiufactured by J. R. Stebbing," South-
ampton. It 's stated that a surgeon, by the use of this
apparatus, can, without any other assistance, set simple,
compound, and compound-comminuted fractures of the
lower extremity : that it keeps the fractured ends of
the bone in apposition, without the aid of splints for the
after treatment; that tight straps or bandages encircling
the limb above the ii^ury, are not employed; that the
limb, when the bone is set, can immediately, or at an^
time during the healing process, be put into any posi-
tion that may be most comfortable to the p..;.ient witnout
inconvenience). This apparatus is also fctated to be an
excellent rest for the treatment of fractured patella,
diseased hip-joints, popliteal aneurism (by compression),
varicose veins, ulcers, and other accidents and diseases of
the lower extremities.
181
Matthews, Wiujam, 10 Portugal Strtet,
Lincoln's Inn Fields — Manufacturer.
Stethoscope — the ear-piece, subserving the uses of both
a conductor and sounding board, is of large dimensions,
so as to transmit the vibrations of the instrument un-
diminished.
[The science of medicine is indebted to Laennec, a
French physician, for the discovery of the stethoscope.
This physician flnt made known the important fact, that
diseases of the heart and lunga might bo rendered par-
oeptible to a practised ear by the intervention simply of
a hollow cylinder of wood. The instrument in all its
forms is merely a medium for the conveyance of sound
healthy or morbid, to the ear of the physician. Stetho^
scopes are made in various materials; those of light deal
are to be {Hwferred. — R. E.]
Specula for the ear, &c., made of glass, silvered with
silver leaf, and covered with cotton cloth and elastic gum.
Gilbert's patent fulcrum and chair, for extracting teetli.
This apparatus is shown in the annexed cut : —
OUbert'a Tooth Gxtnetor.
New swinging apparatus for the treatment of fracturea
of the leg ; to prevent the bed-clothes from interfering
with the motion of the leg.
Inhaler, for opium and other medicines requiring the
aid of heat for their inhalation.
Inhaler, for administering chloroform in surgical opem-
tions, with water-bath to regulate the evaporation.
Inhaler, for hydrocyanic acid, conicine, and other me-
dicines. Table knives.
187 Batkman, Joseph, LL.D., East India Road, and
_ Inland Revenue Office — Designer and Proprietor.
Centrifugal machine, illustrating planetary motion.
The object of tliis machine is to exhibit the remarkable
tendency of all bodies, having a longer and shorter axis,
to revolve upon their shorter axis : a tendency common
to all the planetary bodies, as for as we are acquainted with
their motions, as well as to all bodies on or near the enrtli'n
surface. To illustrate this tendency, a model of the planet
Saturn is suspended by its longer axis, and set in revolu-
tion by means of a machine which, in the present instance,
is regulated by clockwork. As soon as it is in motion,
the model, of its own accord, quits its vertical position,
and assumes a horizontal one, so as to spin on its shorter
axis, and this it continues to do as long as the motion
is kept up, — just in the same way as the planet itself is
revolving at millions of miles distance. The machine is
fitted up in open brass-work, the escapement for .vhich
has been arranged by Mr. Jennings, of Birmingham. It
is mounted on a kind of triumphal arch, executed by
Mr. Flint and Mr. Stokes, of the same place. And tlie
model planet revolves in a circular space, representing the
solar system, surrovmded by the signs of the zodiac, painted
on glass by Mrs. Batemon, and Mr. Mason, of Exeter.
KiNOTOM.]
AND SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS.
NOBTH, NOBTH CENTRAL, AND SoUTH CeNTHAI, GAIABniHS.
431
icines requiring the
188 Richauds, N., 3 Somerset St., Aldgale — Proprietor.
Qlobe, with an endlesa rotary action, named " the geo-
graphical inatruotor."
189 Morrison, Jakes Darsie, 6 RankeUlor Street,
Edinbarfjh — Manufacturer.
Mineral teeth in gold plate, with compound Bwivels, by
means of which the mouth may be opened wide, without
displacing the plates from the gums.
Set of trath, the under gold-Bcrewed,theupper gold-lined.
Set of carved teeth made from the hippopotamus' tusk;
with a variety of other teeth of different styles and manu-
factures.
190 Rtiss, Moses, Cobridge, Staffordshire Potteries —
Inventor.
An apparatus, of a peculiar construction, showing the
ebb and flow of the tides.
191 Paxon, William, //ampsfead— Proprietor.
Lunarian, with improved contrivanoe for showing the
phases of the moon.
193 Mathews, Mart, 16 Weaboume Street,
Hi/de Park Oardena — Inventor.
" Astrorama," with a sketch explaining its use. A con-
cave representation of the heavens, with the apparent
diurnal motion of the stars, and the real paths of the
planets, folding up in the form of an umbrella.
194 Ashe, W. Austin, 16 Uiompton Crescent-
Proprietor,
Oreat circle course indicator, invented by Lieut. E. D.
Ashe, of the Royal Navy. Its object is to pomt out the
course which a ship must steer in order to sail on a great
circle between any two places on the globe, instead of
steering by the true bearings of the port to which she
it bound, and thereby materially shortening the voyage,
in some instances to the amount of 600 miljui.
[It is well known that the shortest line which can be
drawn between any two places on the surface of the globe
is the arc of the great circle intercepted between them;
great circle sailing, however, cannot always be practised,
but it may be usefully combined with other sailings.
This instrument is adapted as a companion to Mr.
Towson's tables for " Great Circle Sailing," lately pub-
lished by order of the Lords of the Admiralty.]
195 Fact, Richard, Wafqaing Wa/^-Designer and
Manufacturer.
A vertical orrery, exhibiting the diurnal and annual
motion of the planets ; tdso, showing the path of a
comet whose perihelion distance is less than the mean
distance of Mercury, and whose aphelion distance extends
beyond the farthest known planet in the solar system.
196 Little, Major R. J., Woolwich Common— Designer.
Apparatus, and a few small tools in a case, contrived to
meet the loss of the right hand: its objects— simplicity,
durabilitv, and cheapness. Manufactured by Qaze, 14
Beresford Street, Woolwich.
This apparatus is shown in the annexed cut.
197 Roper, W., Bath — Manufacturer.
The "reclinia." Invented by Henry Lawson, Ksq.,
for the purpose of enabling astronomers to use la^ tele-
scopes with greater speed and comfort.
198 Johnston, W. & A. K., Edinburgh — ^Manufaoturen.
A terrestrial globe, 30 inches in diameter, showing the
geological structure of the earth, the currents of the air
and of the ocean, the trade winds, trade routes, mon-
soons, and isothermal lines, or lines of equal temperature.
The stand is carved in walnut, and was designed and
manufactured by W. Davidson, It has, at the four comers
of the base, heads emblematical of the four seasons. Sur-
rounding the compass-box are flg;ures which represent the
four quarters of the globe, with their appropriate emblems ;
and the circular supports of the horizon are composed of
clusters of fruit, indigenous to the quarters of the world
over which they are suspended.
[The temperature of any particular month, or any place,
varies very much in different years, and its true value can
only be determined from observations made during a long
series of years. Professor Dove, of Berlin, has collected
the observations made at nearly 900 stations on the globe,
and from them he has constructed maps of the isothermal
lines, by joining those places, by lines, whose temperature
was found to be the same.— J. O.]
200 Fletcher, Peter, 11 South St. Andrew Street,
Edinburg/i—Maaxdaebwem.
Pair of globes, terrestrial and celestial, with cases ;
showing the various stages in globe making.
Major Utile's ArtUletal Hind.
201 Allan, Thomas, 20 St. Andreufs Square, Edinburgh —
Inventor.
Two pairs of patent electric telegrqths.
[The general principle upon which electric telegraphs
depend for their indications, is the remarkable fact dis-
covered by Professor Oersted, that a magnetic needle
freely moving on its axis is capable of being turned to one
side by the transmission of an electric current through a
wire placed parallel and near to it. It was subsequently
found, that by placing the needle so as to surround it
with a coil composed of many lengths of insulated wire,
this effect was immensely multiplied, and a very feeble
current became sufficient to deflect the needle so placed.
The galvanometer was thus invented, and subsequently
— ^the needle-telegraph. It is obvious that a means of
communicating signals was discovered when this fact was
first developed, since a needle thus placed might be ar-
ranged at any distance, and being connected with the
operator by insulated wires, he could cau^e it to turn to
one side at pleasure. Such is the principal feature of the
needle-telegraphs. These instruments consist essentially
of the following parts— a sotirce of the electric current,
or voltaic battery, a medium through which it can be
conveyed without loss, or insulated wires, and a magnetic
needle arranged so as to be influenced by its passage,
which is generally suspended in front of the index-plate
of the appaititus, upon which certain marks are arranged.
The movements of two such needles, and the combina-
tion of signals which these obviously afford, form the
alphabet, or signal code of the electric telegraph. — R. E.]
202
Murdoch, James, But/ies, Fochabers, Elgin,
Scotland,
Mechanical indicator of eclipses, without mean motions,
intended to unite simplicity and expedition in opera-
tions. Invented by the exhibitor.
482
Class 10.— PHILOSOPHICAL, MUSICAL, HOROLOGICAL,
NOBTH, NOBTH CENTRAL, AND SOUTU CENTRAL QaLLERIES.
[Ukitko
WiUii'i Grand Oigmn.
' Unitrd
KiNODOM.J
AND SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS.
North, North Central, and South Central Galleries.
4!\3
204 Stoker, John, Doncmter — Inventor and
Manufacturer.
Angular torreatrial globe, adapted for the ready iolu-
tion of geographical probletoR, and pnrticularly to show
the true motion of the earth in its orbit.
Spherical geographical clock, intended to show the
difference of time between two given place*. Provisiou-
ally registered.
205 Saunders, Oeorqe, & Son, 278 Strand,
An original revolving kaleidoscope. The object of this
instrument is to aflford useful information to designei-s,
pattern-drawers, &o.
Octagon temple, containing metallic tablet, razor strops
with four aides.
Mechanical revolving pictorial kaleidoscope.
Metallic tablet razor strops.
207 Edsins &; Son, 16 Salisbury Square, Fleet Street —
Manufacturers.
Pair * 18-inoh globes.
208
iio/t —
'jOCH, p., 18 Market Street
Inventor and Produce^
Mechanical indicator for teaching geography, designed
and manufactured by the exhibitor.
The means used are studs placed in their proper posi-
tion, as on the map, which on being pressed down raise
others at the index, and thus indicate the correctness of
the places wanted.
209 Willis, Henbv, 18 Mancliester Street, Gray's Inn
Soad — Designer and Manufacturer.
An organ, with three rows of keys, and two octaves
and a fifth of pedals. This instrument is built upon the
Oenuanplau, viz., 8 feet manuals, and 32 feet pedals;
it contains 77 stops, nearly 4,500 pipes, the largest beins
CCCC 32 feet, the smallest C J of an inch. The great and
swell organs are played by means of the pneumatic lever,
applied vertically, and worked without the aid of addi-
tional wind pressure. In the choir and pedal organs are
introduced two newly-invented patent valves, over which
the pressure of the air has little influence ; also a patent
movement in connexion with a compound application of
the pneumatic lever, which brings the instrument entirely
under the performer's command. The mechanism includes
several new arran^^ements, and in the vnvious bellows there
are five different pressures of air. This organ is repre-
sented in the opposite page as it stands in the Exhibition.
[The superiority of the German plan for building
organs chiefly consists in its preserving a balance of
power amongst its various masses. The attention of our
native builders has been profitably directed to this
essential point for some time past, and we hope the time
will soon oom^ilnien an instrument will not be con-
sidered complete without a conamensurnte pedal organ. —
H. E. D.]
An organ, consisting of a swell, with 22 stops.
A choir organ of 14 stops.
A great organ of 20 stops.
A pedal organ of 14 stops, and several coupling stops,
exhibiting various improvements, including an extensive
use of the " pneumatic lever."
[Organs on the pneumatic principle were first intro-
duced into churches by Pope Vitalianus, anno 666.
Coupling-stops are used for combining two or more key-
boards, so that playing on one produces the effect of
both.— H. E. D.]
210 DuNiN, Mx. C. DE, ionrfon— Inventor, Manufacturer,
and Patentee.
Piece of mechanism intended to illustrate the different
proportions of the human figure: it admits of bein^
expanded from the size of the Apollo Belvidere to that
of a colossal statue,
The external part of the figure consists of a series of
steel and copper plates sliding upon each other, and kept
in contact by screws, nuts, and spiral springs ; attached
to these plates, and within the figure, are metal slides,
having projecting pins at their extremities : these pins
are inserted in curved grooves cut in circular steel plates;
the curvature of these grooves being so arranged that
when the steel plates are put in revolution by a train
of wheels and screws the slides belonging to each pai-ti-
cular part of the figure are expanded or contracted in
correct proportion. The elongation of the figure is
accomplished either by sliding metal tubes, provided
with racks, and acted upon by a combination of wheels,
or b^ screws and slides, tm found most applicable for each
particular part. Besides the general adjustments de-
scribed, each part of the fl^re has on independent and
separate adjustment, by which it can be put out of its
correct likeness to the Apollo Belvedere, and made to
rjpresent the deformities or peculiarities of form of any
individual. The varieties of figure and size of the human
body are so numerous that it necessarily requires a great
number of movements to represent them. Some idea
mav be formed of the number of mechanical combinations
included in the figure, from the following list of the parts
of which it is constructed, viz. — 875 framing-pieces, 48
grooved steel plates, 163 wheels, 202 slides, 476 metal
washers, 482 spiral springs, 704 sliding plates, 32 sliding
tubes, 497 nuts, 35U0 fixing and adjusting screws, and a
considerable number of steadying pinions, &c., making
the number of pieces, of which the figure is composed,
upwards of 7000. It is stated that this invention could
easily be made applicable in the artist's studio; but that
its more immediate object is to facilitate the exact fitting
of garments, more especially in cases where great numbers
are to be provided for, as in the equipment of an army,
or providing clothing for a distant colony ; that personal
attendance is not required, since there is adapted to the
figure, a new system of measurement which enables any
person to take the exact size and form of an individual ;
and from the measurement so taken, the figure can be
adjusted to represent correctly the person to be fitted,
so that the clothing may be tried on, and, if necessary,
altered with as much facility as if the original person,
whose measure had been taken, were pi-esent.
Count Diiiiin's Mcchan cal Figure.
[10.1
[OfFtciAL Illustrated Catalo«ite."|
2 1
4M
CI.ABB 10.— PHILOSOPHICAL, MUSICAL, HOROLOOICAL,
NOBTIf, NOBTH CRNTHAI., AND HoUTH CCNTRAI. OAM.BRIES.
[Unitrd
An MtoblUhment provided with thiwe or four of luoh
flguroR, would bo Humoieiit to fit perfectly, and without
uy Rubaequent alteration, the clothing of an army of
■everal hundred thousand men, at whatever diatance they
might be from the eatabliahment.
The inventor atatea it aa hia intention to preaent thia
.figure to hia Mi\jeaty the Emperor of all the Ruaaiaa.
212 NiWTOil, Wm., k Son, 66 Chancery Lane, and
3 Fleet Street —Manufacturers.
Large manuscript celestial globe, 6 feet in diameter, in
which the poaitions of the stars are laid down from Flam-
stead's Catalogue, brought up to the year 1850.
Pair of 25-inch globes, in carved rosewood frames.
Slate globes of various sises, with the meridians and
parallels of latitude marked upon them, so that outline
maps may be drawn by the student with pencil.
Variety of globes of various aices, uiul in different
kinds of mounting.
Newton and Son'i 'I'erreitriil Globe.
Complete orrei-y, or planetarium, in which the motions
of the earth aiid moon, and of the planets and their satel-
lites, are effected by mechanism, actuated by cl'ickwork.
Orreries, for educational purposes.
Amiillary sphere, mounted in a brass mendiim, and
attached to a brass stand.
Spherical sun-dial for a lawn.
[A celestial globe is an inverted representation of thn
heavens, on which the stars are laid down according to
their relative positions. The eye is supposed to be in
the centre of the globe. A terrestrial globe is a repre-
sentation of the surface of the earth as far as it is known.
The diurnal motion of this globe is from west to eait,
whilst that of the celestial globe is from east to west, to
represent the apparent diunml motion of the sun and
atars. — J. O.]
213 Bestlkt, Joseph, Vd Paternoster Row — Inventor
and Publiaher.
Plano-(;lnbe. The northern and siuthem hemispherex
are printed on circular pieces of pasteboard; each is con-
fined to its revolving movement, by a brass meridian,
allowing the same facility in working problems as the
ordinary globe,
215 Plant, Frederic, Nottingham — Inventor.
Mechanical orrery: the sun being represented by a
luminous body.
Model of a self-regulating steam-boiler feeding appa-
ratus, being a substitute for the common force-pump nud
regulating float, &c.
218 Adorno, J. N., 6 Oolden Square — Inventor and
Patentee.
A machine designed to measure and exhibit the ratio
between the periphery and diameter of the circle.
A machine or instrument designed to draw ellipses
derived from cylinders and cones, and also the other
conic sections, as parabolas and hyperbolas.
A terrestrial and celestial gloM combined, with the
constellations arranged for facilitating the solution of
astronomical problems, and for geographical and nautical
purposes; with an apparatus to show the passage of the
earth among the signs of the zodiac in its annual orbit,
and the position of the sun in the opposite signs.
A terrestrial gloM, capable of separation into pieces,
which may be (ued as convex maps for navigation, and
other geographical purposes.
Twelve patent convex maps of the earth, invented by
the exhibitor, to form a geographical sphere, or to be
used separately for marine purposes, and to constitute
useful and ornamental fittings for rooms or cabins.
220 HoRNE, Thobnwaite & Wood, 123 Newgate Street—
Manufacttu«rs.
Electro-galvanic machine and set of instruments, for
medical gtJvanism. The current of galvanism produced
by this machine "flows only in one direction," and the
quantity and intensity of the current are capable of being
easily regulated. Represented in the following cut:—
Nrwinn anil Son's I Innetariiim.
Home and Co.'a Electro-Galvanic Machine.
Apparatus for exhibiting dissolving views, chroma-
tropes, &c. , by tho oxyhydrogen lime light, with illustrative
Kingdom.]
>ra8s mendian, and
r How — Inventor
-Inventor and
I Neicgate Street—
AND SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS.
North, Nohth Okntuai., anu Kuutii Oentkal Oam.krieh.
485
paintingi and apparatui, Hhowing the method of producing
the light, the arrangement of the lenaee, and uoutrivanoe
for diiaolving the pioturea.
Oxyhydrogen mloroaoope and apparatua, in oate.
Daguerreotype apparatua, oonaiating of au adjusting
boolt camera, with compound achromatic len% an im-
proved bromine and iodine bos, with contrivance for
transferring the prepared plate to the fWune of the camera,
mercury Imx, plate-box, chemical-cheat, buffli, plate-
holdera, gilding stand, tripod, &c. The part* of the
apparatua are lo arranged that the prooeoa may be entirely
performed in the light, without tue neceaaity of a dark
room.
Registered portable folding calotype camera, with achro-
matic lensea, for portraita and viewi, Ac.
Improved revetaing fbune, fur producing poaitive
pictures from calotype negativea "uia other photogenic
proceasea.
Regiatered improved agricultural drainage-level.
Bauutoe galvanometer, for indicating the strength of
galvanic currenta in grain weights.
"Optometer," an instrument for ascertaining the exist-
ence of any defect in tite reft-ooting media of the eye,
nud for dete<-mining the rang«> of adjustment for distances
which it possesses.
Patent electric indicator, for fire and thieves.
Planning rule, comprising the chief scales required
by architects and surveyors, with a peculiar arrange-
ment of the odd and even scales, and reading from the
edges.
Chemico-mcchanical voltaic battery.
Kegisteriug hygrometer.
Bust of Napoleon Bonaparte, from a model by Conova,
e::ecuted by the electrotype process.
Similar bust of Sir Walter Scott, from a model by
Chantrey.
Transparency, exhibiting the appearance of the lunar
disc when in diKct opposition to the sun, as seen through
Herschel's 40-feet rotteoting telescope.
233 Graham, George, 8 Liverpool Street, Walworth
— Inventor.
Invention for directing an aerial machine.
234 Gilbert, G. Mouniur, Ealing — Proprietor.
Patent portable celest'al and terrestrial globes, inflated
with atmospheric air, manufactured of superior tissue
paper. The celestial globe is particularly adapted for the
use of lecturers on astronomy : a view of the stars in their
true position may be thus obtained.
The terrestrial globe is inflated by means of an air-
pump, or simple movement of the hand.
[A view of the stars in their true position, relatively to
each other and to the observer, can only be obtained by
placing the eye inside of the celestial globe at its centre.
A view of the countries of the earth in their true position
can only be obtained by placing the eye oiUaide of the ter-
restrial globe, at an infinite distance ; but this being im-
possible, the greater the distance, the more accurate is
the view.]
Charvolant, or carriage drawn by lutes.
237
LuNTLET, John, Neiu Broad Street Court —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Model of a self-propelling rotary balloon. Provisionally
registered.
Specimens of engraving by the ruling machine, cou-
posed of circular, elliptical, spiral, straight, and graduated
lines. Designed to prevent fraudulent imitation; with a
border in chromo-lithography.
248
Pritchard, Andrew, 162 Fleet Street —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
An achromatic microscope.
249 Hett, Alexander, 24 Biidje St., Soutkwark —
Preparer.
Variety of ii\jecte<I microscopic objects, showing the
application of this mode of preparation, for displaying the
structure of parts and organs, and also serving to illus-
trate the utility and importance of the microscope in its
application to the sciences of physiology and pathology.
Mici-oscope to exhibit the oojeots.
[Tae ii\jeotion of coloured substoncea into the minuter
veaaels of the animal frame ia an art peculiar and difiBcult.
Leuwenhoek succeeded perhaps better than any previow.,
and the majority of subsequent, observers, in preparing
minute injections, many of which are still preserved oa
precious relics by the Royal Society. The injections em-
ployed consist of substances fluid when warm, and partially
solidifying when cold. The apparatus employed is a
powerful pump, the taper nozzle-piece of which is inserted
into on artery. — R. E.J
250 Field, Robert, & Son, 113 iV«w Street, Birmingham-
Manufacturers.
Large and small achromatic microscopes, with moveable
stage.
Dissecting microscope, with WoUaaton's doublets.
Compound achromatic lenses for photographic pur-
poses.
Calotype pictures; scene: Forest of Arden, Warwick-
shire; staircase, Haddon Hall, Derbyshire; and Wych
Elm, Packington churchyard, Warwickshire
[The calotype picture is a negative one, in which the
lights of nature ore represented by shades; but copies
from them can ref^'^'^y be made in which the lights are
conformable to n .«. — J. O.]
252 PotJLTON, Cornelius, Southern Hill, Beading —
Mauufactui'or.
Objects prepared and mounted for the microscope, with
illustrative drawings by Mr. M. S. Legg.
253
Smith, James, & Beck, Richard, 6 Coleman
Street — Manufacturers.
Glass case; in the top, ore stands for compound achro-
matic microscopes, constructed so as to avoid tremor,
with adjustments and complete apparatus. In the middle,
are the requisites for mounting microscopic objects, the
cells, slips, tlun glass, fluid covers, &c., and a few prepa-
rations as specimens. The bottom ia a new form of
cabinet for the objects.
Two tables, with revolving tops, for successively turn-
ing the microscope to two or three persons who can con-
veniently sit round.
[A compound achromatic microscope consists of two
or more combinations of lenses, by one of which an en-
larged image of the object is formed, and by means of
the other, or eye-glass, a magnified representation of the
enlarged image is seen.]
254 Rom, A., 2 Featherstone Buildings, Holbom —
Inventor and Manufacturer,
Astronomical telescope, the diameter of the object-
glass is nj inches, mounted on a stand, with ec^uatorial
movements and complete adjustments. The optical part
wrought by Ross's improved system and machinery.
This instrument is exhibited in the Western Xave.
[The grinding of an object-glass of 1 1^ inches in dia-
meter to a good figui-e, and free from both spherical and
chromatic aberration, is very difiicult. The advantage
of a large object-glass will be seen from the following
consideration. The principal reason of the superior dis-
tinctness of a telescope over unassisted vision arises
fi-om tlie fact, that the pupil of the eye takes in a certain
2 12
4M
Clam 10.— PHILOSOPHICAL, MUSICAL, HOROLOGICAL,
North, North Ckntrai., and South Central Oam.rrirh.
'UNITF.n
number of rays of tight; but, on looking through a telu-
ioop«, it takes in aa many more rays in proportion as the
ebjeot-glaaa it larger than the pupil itself, and the object
appears as brilliant as it would were the pupil of the eye
to be enlarged to the size of the object-glass,— J. O.]
Chemical pottery wares. Complete apparatus for dis-
tillation and condensation. Manufactured in terra cotta
chemical -stone ware, to stand great heat, and lined with
acid-proof glaze.
Astronomical telescope, 3] Inches in diameter, mounted
en an equatorial stand.
Astronomical telescope, 2| inches in diameter, mounted
on a pillar-und-olaw stand.
Improved microscopes, with new method of illumina-
tion.
Improved photographic camera obscuras.
254a Rrade, Rct, J. B., P.R.8., StoneVicarnge, Ayleihiry
—Inventor.
Positive solid eye-pieces. {Main Areniit Wett.)
The solid eye-piece (see the following cut) consists of two
double convex lenses, c and e of crown glasH, with an inter-
mediate doublo concave lens, d, of flint, having the contact
cpM^sa^ ff z:^m^d
Rosde'a Solid Kye-plece.
surfaces cemented together. The cap, h, contains a small
eye-hnle, a. Its novelty consists in its construction, which
secures a large and flat field of view, together with the
removal of spherical and chromatic aberration. In con-
sequence of the purity of its achromatism, the webs of the
transit instrument and micrometer are seen as fine black
lines, and hence it is found by experiment that observa-
tions are made more perfectly than with the common
positive eye-piece which is not achromatic. No light is
Io.it, as in the usual construction, by inner reflections,
and there is no formation of the false image or " ghost "
of planets and the brighter stars. From the following
data the curves of the lenses may be determined for a
given focal length:—
Index of refraction of flint . . 1 -600
Index of refraction of crown . . 1 '523
Ratio of dispersive powers . . 0'6.'>7
Thickness of flint lens . . . 0-775 X/.
where/ « whole focal length for parallel rays,
256 Hudson, Frederick Thomas, Greemoich —
Producer and Designer.
Microscopic objects — being minute parts of animal,
xegetable, and mineral tissues, and structures, prepared
for examination by the microscope.
257 Varlet & Son, 1 Charles Street, Clarendon
Sqmre — In'' jntors and Makers.
Graphic telescopes, by which g»"ieral views or images
of objects, either for qv nef>r, may be accurately traced,
of any size.
Reversing camera, by which pictures or objects may be
traced the reverse way.
Microscope, in which the moveable stage is kept parallel
to one position whilst freely moved about in any direc-
tion.
Reflecting telescopes.
Model of the apparatus for mounting together and
•ihanging throe small si>«ciilunis of large Clregorian telo-
ucopes, so as not to lose sight of the object; thus the
power may bo doubled, or quadrupled, or reduced without
loss of time.
Air-pump, with crank motion and double-acting single
barrel.
New double-acting exhausting air-pump, with increased
power.
Portable electrical apparatus : on moving the inner tubes
to and tro, the outer tube becomes charged in the same
manner aa the Leydnn phial.
258 Jackson, E. k W., 315 Oxford Street— laventon.
1'liin glass, used for microscopic purposes, and for the
polarization of light. Cells for mounting microscopic
objects. Hlides for microscopic purposes ; exhibited for
economy in production.
259 Chadbuhn Brothers, Sheffield and Liverpool —
Manufacturers.
8i>eoimenH of gloss in the rough state, suitable for
spuutaulori.
UlnsH, cut round and oval, ready for cementing on the
blncks.
A block of glasses ready for grinding, being plane or
parallel.
A block of glosses ground to the required radius. The
focus of the glBMS depending on the radius of the lap in
which they are ground.
A lap, 12 incites radius ; glasses when ground on both
sides in it, are 1 2 inches focus.
A block of glosses, ground and polished, ready to be
taken off'.
Tool used for polishing the glasses.
A block of concave glasses finished; t>eing cemented in
the lap, they are ground hollow.
Qlosses ready for fitting into spectacles. The exhibitors
grind 750 dozen per week, on the average.
Provisionally registered portable barometer. The im-
provement consists in making the cistern of glass (which
IS covered) with a flexible cover, which can be pressed
down, so 08 to prevent the mercury oscillating when the
barometer ii> "ivried about or packed for travelling.
Optical lenses, of various kinds. Spectacles- -reading
and magnifying glasses, &c. Opera glasses and small
telescopes. Day or night ship and signal telescopes.
Large and portable achromatic telescopes. Simple and
compound microscopes. Magic lanterns and views. Ca-
mera-obscuraa and diagonal mirrors. Agricultural and
surveyors' levels, &c. Horse-shoe and other magnets.
Steam and vacuum gauges. Barometers, &c. Garden
and window syringes. Galvano electric machines. Ship's
berth or side illuminators and ventilators. Working
models of steam-engines, &c. Craig's choractograph.
263 Abraham, Abraham, & Co., 20 Lord Street,
I. iverpool — Manufactiu c. „.
Trinoptrio prismatic lantern, with apparatus for making
oxygen gas, viz. : gas bag, retort, and purifier, invented by
the Rev. St. Vincent Beechy. It combines the powers of
three lanterns, with one small lamp of intense brightness.
A disc of 25 feet for each tube may be obtained, and each
disc is capable of being darkened to any required extent,
wthout shadow on any portion of the picture. '
Dioptric prismatic lantern, producing two in lieu of
three discs.
Compound miscroscope, exhibited for workmanship.
Portable sketching camera obscura. In the optical ar-
rangement, a meniscus and prism are employed in lieu of
a lens and mirror, and a vivid flat picture is obtained.
[The trinoptric and dioptric lanterns exhibited, are for
the purpose of producing panoramic and other piotvires,
generally displayed by means of the phantasmagoria lan-
terns and dissolving-view apparatus. The lamp employed
is an oil -lamp, supplied with oxygen gas, on the principle
of the Bude light.]
KiNOUOM,]
AND SURGICAL INSTHUMKNT.S.
North, Nohtii Cbntbai,, and Houth Cknthal (Iallkriki*.
437
I; being cemented in
3les. Theexhibiton
204 KiCBABOiioN, T. W., SreJt, ntar Sortkam, Siutex —
Inventor.
A reflecting telcioope, for uheerving the auu'l iitrfoce :
the reflector, mode uf crown glora, ii purt of a paraboloid
of revolution.
Improved screw for itraining wire fences. Hop-tallies.
Specimens of the prisnutic colour on glass, &c.
265 WlIXATi, T. k B., '28 Irnnmutujer Lane, Cheapsuh —
Inventors and Manufacturers.
Improved portable photogi^phic camera and stand, for
obtaining pioturns by anv known photographic process,
on metiT plates, paper, glass, &c.
The advantages of this form of camera are, the facility
with which it can Je packed into a small compass; the
ai^ustmentii for plitclng the paper or plates at the pri per
fociu, without exposing them to the daylight; and the
comparatively small weight of the apparatus : thus render-
ing the practice of photography easy to a traveller.
Improvrd registering thread calculator, or linen prover,
to ascertain the number of threadii in a given space, of
silk, lli'-.a, or cotton fabric, and to register this number
on paper.
It is of importance in nurchoHing any woven fabric, to
ascertain the number of thrnadH, warp, and woof con-
tained within a Sv^uare inch, as the knowledge of theae en-
ubicH the purchaser to judge of its strength and dura
bility. This instrument is devised to render the opera-
tion easy to the merchant.
266 Salmon, William John, 254 Whitechapel Hoad—
Manufacturer.
Day or night telescopes for ships' use.
267 Chickitt, R. li., Ductora' 6'o»*»kmis— Designor.
Universal equatorial telescope-stand, to revolve round
the polar axis without altering, and at the same tmie to
secure steadiness.
268 Callaohan, W., 45 Great Russell Strevt, Bluoimbiu-y
— Manufacturer.
An improved deer-stalking telescope.
A pair of portable steel spectacles.
269 PiLUSCHEB, MoRRiCE, 398 Oxford Street—
Designer and Manufacturer.
Large and small achromatic microscopes, with the
stage movements simplified.
Students' microscope, capable of forming a portable
dissecting, as well as clinical microscope, with all the
necessary apparatus.
Double achromatic opera-glass. Opera-glasses, mounted
in tortoiseshell and gilt, and mounted in ivory.
Newly invented compasses, for describiiig ellipses of
any size.
Six's thermometer in ivory, for registering maximum
and minimum temperatures.
270 Carpenter & WESTLEr, 24 lieiient Street —
Manufacturers and Proprietors.
Phantasmagoria lanterns, with the latest mechanical
and optical arrangements. Set of lenses, and a set of
sections of the apparatus to show the optical principle.
Paintings of natural history, with some of the some
subjects in outline, as printed from copper plates, and
supplied to artists.
Series of astronomical diagrams. Pointings adapted to
dissolving lanterns.
[The phantasmagoria lanterns exhibited are a scientific
form of magic-lantei-u, diftering from it in no essential
principle. The images they produce are variously
exhibited, either on opaque or transparent screens.
The light is au improved kind of solar lamp. The
manner in which the beautiful melting pictures called
dissolving views m-e produced, as respects the mechanism
employed, deserves to Vie explained. The arrangement
adopted in the instruments exhibited is the following : ->
Two lanterns of the same size and power, and in nil respect*
exactly agreeing, ui-e arranged together ui)on a little tray
or platform. They are held fast to this stand by screws,
which admit of a certain degree of half-revolving motion
from side to side, in order to adjust the foci. This being
done in such a manner that the circle of light of each lan-
tern falls precisely upon the simie spot upon the screen,
the screws are tightened to the utmost extent, so aa to
remove all probability of further movement. The dis-
solving apparatus consists of a circular tin plate, japanned
in black, along three parts of the circumference of which
a orescentic aperture runs, the interval between the
horns of the orescent being occupied by a circular open-
ing, covered by a screwed plate, removoable at I'ieasure,
This plate is fixed to a horizontal wooden axi'i, at the
other end of which is a handle, by which the I'i'ite can
be caused to rotate. The axis of wood is supported by
two pillarx, connected with a flat piece wlich is secured
to the tray. This apparatus is placed between the lan-
terns in such a maimer that the circular plate is in front
of the tubes of both, while the handle pi" jects behind the
lanterns at the lock. The plate can, therefore, be turned
round Viy means of the handle, without difficulty, from
behind. A peg of wood is fixed into the axis, so as to
prevent its effecting moi-e than half a revolution. The
widest part of the cresceutic opening in the plate, is suf-
ficiently so to admit all the rays of the lantern before
which it happens to be placed. On the plate being
slowly turned half round, by means of the handle behind,
the opening narrows until it is altogether lost in one of
the horns of the crescent. The light of that lantern is
gradually cut off ae the aperture diminishes, until it ^ at
length wholly shaded under the moveable cover occupying
the interval between the horns of this cresceutic opening.
In proportion aa the light is cut off from one, it is let on
from the other tube, in consequence of the gradually in-
creasing size of the crescent revolving before it, until at
length the widest part of this opening in the plate is pre-
sented before the tube of the second lantern, the first
being, as we have seen, shaded. This movement being
reversed, the light is cut off from the second lantern, and
again let on from the first, and so on alternately. Thus
while the screen always presents the same circle of light,
yet it is derived first from one lantern, then from the
next.
When in use, a slider is introduced into each lantern,
1 he lantern before the mouth of which the widest part of
the opening in the plate is placed, exhibits the painting
on the screen, the light of the other lantern being then
hid behind the cover. On turning the handle, this pic-
ture gradually becomes shaded, while the light from the
uecond lantern streams through the widening opening.
The effect on the screen is the melting away of the first
picture, and the brilliant development of the second,
the screen being at no instant left unoccupied by a
picture.
The principle involved in this apparently complex, but
in reality simple mechanism, is, merely the obscuration of
one picture and the throwing of a second in the same place
on the screen. And it may be accomplished in a great
variety of ways. Thus, by simply placing a flat piece of
wood, somewhat like the letter Z, on a point in the centre,
so that alternately one or the other of the pieces at the
end should be raised or depressed before the lanterns, a
dissolving scene is produced. Or, by fixing a moveablo
upright shade, which can be pushed alternately before one
or the other of the lanterns, the same effect is produced.
«M
Ci.Aw* 10... I'HIt.OHOrillCAr,, MUSICAI,, HOIlOLOaiCAL,
NuHTH, NuHTH CKNTHAI., AND HoUTH CHNTHAI. OaLUCMIKM.
[UMITKIt
ludlvlduola exiNt In thla inutriipiilU wIkmo hdIv iK3aupu-
tioit uuiwinU ill iMiiitiiig M iiiiiiuto ivoiim iir ■litlot iiiitol
foi thu phnntiuiniikKoriit liuit«nia, Tliu porfurtloii ti) whiuli
tlitwu paintiiixii are >iruu|{lit ia aur]inHiu){. Tliero uro two
iiietlKMla by whiuli t!io alldun uuw tiiiiployuti ui-o pni-
clucwl. Ill one uf tlioHo, tbo outline niiil ilutiul ai-u uiitirniy
thu work uf thu iirtiafa puiiuil. For pluturoa r«)pii<auiitiii){
tiui(Uuu|MM, or whertivor u apiritml |>aiiitiiiK la re<|ulrtHl,
tliia ia till) uxohialvo iiivthod uiiiployed. The oolouni are
rendered tnuiapareiit l>y beiiiK Ki^niiid in Canada balaaiii
and mixed with vaniiHli, The other iiietho<l ia a trnuafer
prucoMH. The outlinea of the aiilijeota are enKTOvod on
uopper pliktea, and the iiiipruaaion ia I'eveivud from thuae
on thill ahoeta uf glue, and ia then traiiaferred to a
plate of glaaa, the impreaaiou being burnt in the aame
iiiamier »a ia efTioted in earthenware, tilidern produced
in this way receive the diatinctive name of oopper-jdato
■iidera The aubjevt ia merely repreaentetl In outliuo, it
being left to the nrtiat to All up with the neooaaary tinta,
&o. The advantnguH of thia method for the production
of paintings of a limited kind ara ubvioua. Latterly
photography on glaan haa been employed to obtain pioturua
for the luagiu lantern. — U. E.]
271 DiXKY, C. W.. 3 yew Uond S</-vf —Manufacturer.
Carved oak barometer. Barometer ahowing the action
rft'ae mercury. Improved nautical aextant. Aaaortmont
(<; apectaclea. Eye-glaafoa, Binoculai- oi)era-glaaaeR.
Thurmometera. KegiHtui'od thormometera. TuloNcoiiea.
Mathumatical drawing inatniiueuta. Ivory rolling
pitrallul rule (fully divided).
273 Baylkv, RoneiiT, 18 IMf Mnon Crescent, White
Cuiuluit J/uuse — Manufacturer,
Uuld and ateol apectaclea.
274
Qoddard, Jahk8 Tiiomah, :I5 Ouaicell Street —
Manufacturer.
Achromatic object-glaaa for a telescope of 9 inches ai>cr-
ture, and about 10 feet focus.
[The larger glass placed in toluscniHis, or that which is
placed the furthest from the eye, is termed the object-
glass. If this glass consists of a single Ions, the image of
a circular object will not be a perfect circle, an it ought
to be, for auch a lens will not refract all the rays falling
upon it to a single point, and will cause an image in its
fooua to be both distc rted and coloured ; the former defect
arises from the fact that no spherical lens will produce a
perfect image; and the latter, from the unequal refrangi-
bility of the coloured rays which, united, form a i>or-
fectly colourless image, and thus the image will be
Hurrounded with sevend colours. The most important
improvement in object-glasses wns made in the year 1757,
by Dollonrl. This was eifected by making the object-
glass double, one portion being made of flint glass and
the other of crown glass, of diflerent refractive powei-s,
which mutually oon-ect each other, and thus give a pencil
of light entirely colourless. Huch ubject-glasses are culled
achromatic. — J. Q.]
274a Evans, W., Brecknock, Snnt/i Wales — Inventor and
Manufacturer.
Artificial leg, to enable persons who have lost the knee
either to walk or ri<le. By a concentric action a atithiesH
is given to the knee joint, which etanses a pressure in the
stirrup equal to nature, and requires only a touch of the
finger outside the trousers or breeches, under the knee-
joint, before mounting ; by a similar touch on the front
of the thigh, before dismounting, the pressure is removed,
when the person may walk with ease.
270 Cl.AHK, I'"., l;» I'ark Siflr, K'nii/Ms'iriil.if Invantur
and .Maiiiiracturer.
Newlyinventeil atljiiating Hpvct<iult>H and o|Him gliutxcn
278 IIyams Hyam, .Ml ''../h/h7/ Inviiitor ami
Mantifat'tiirer.
New objiiet'gliuiH, avting aa a teleacopo or iiperatfjibiri,
and CiiiiHisting of only a aiiiglu piuoe of ){Iiu«h or Iiiiih, in l,lit>
shape of a truncated cone, having a convex surfiM'o nt lliu
baae or large end, and a conuivo aurfjico at tlic other.
Improved 8tanliii|>e leiia ut a eoiiieal ahupe.
270 Wkaoeb, Hknrt, lao ar^..c<i.V*rfc^— ManufaotnnM',
Inviaible steel apeotaules; gidd apectouluN, and a vaHnty
of other apeetaclos, and liaiid-glaaaea.
280 WiiiTKBoimK, Nathan IKI., 2 Cr^mUmn Street
— IVoprietor and Manufacturer.
Artificial eye. Ai-tifloial silver noae.
Holid ailver opera-ghias. Uold apectaclea tu fuld in it
walking-atiok.
Tortoiaeahell a|)eetaclua. Improved sketching siKjctu
cles, without rim to obstruct vision.
Invisible apectaclea; the frame being let in, thu gluMH i;<
concealed.
281 WooiiMAN, JAMra T., 0 CommercinU'luce, Cuinnur-
ciitl Utiiiil, VeckhiiiH — Inventor and Manufacturer.
Portable self-a(^iistiiig leg and foot rest. Its adviiii-
tagea coiisiat in the facility of liuiug raised to the ruipiirud
height, and its iinmudiatu self-adaptation to the |>oHitinii
in the log or foot may bo placed. If necessary thu wlnilii
action may be niiule rigid without removal of thu liml).
As tu »\t,e, it can bo ixicked in u comnioii carpet b:ig.
283
BlumiwAlTK, 8., 109 Sirkipite, \V,i/nJiv!il—
hivuiitor and Miuiufactui'ur.
Ilogiatered ventilating eye-shiules.
I
284 Stark, Rodkrt M., 1 //o/w Street, Edmbmylt—
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Microsco|>ic urijucts of vegetable origin, ])re|)ai'ed In
gutta percha cells ; intended as a substitute for glass coIIh,
being equally durable, luul produced at less cost. 'I'lii'y
are adapted for most vegetabluaiid animal tissues, ivqiiii'
ing to be kept in a li<iuid medium.
Slides for exhibiting opiu^ue olijects under tliu inicm
scope. The gi'oove in the centre, to ruceive the cover, is
made with a ciicidur bit designed for that purpose,
[It is on evidence of the progi'ess of microscopic kimw-
ledge, that the piejumxt ion of objects of the kind described
constitutes at present a distinct art. — 11. E.]
285 Jordan, Charles, .17 C/uipmnn Street, ManchesUr—
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Caae of optical instruinenta fur surgical and other piu'
poses ; —
No. 1 is an instrument for the inspection of the inter-
nal parts of the ear. The instrument as seen in the ciisu,
with silver truncated tube, is for the ear only. The hilver
tubes Nos. '2 and :i, the two long briwa tubes, the sliding
tube No. 4 (with magnifier), anil the large brass tulje,
are used fur other internal parts of the body.
No. 5 is an instrument for the Eustachian tube: an
elastic tube is made to slide inside a silver one, and iiisldu
the elastic tube, is a steel spring wire for the purpose of
giving curvature to the elastic tube, when introduced
intc the Eustivcbiau tube.
Before introducing the instrument the elastic tulie
must be partially withdrawn from the silver tul)o, iiml
when the orifice of the Kustachiau tulie is felt, thoeliiwtie
tube must bo gently slid therein, when the spring wire
will adapt itself to the required curve.
The wire is intended to convey a feeble galviuiic onr
i-cnt through the membrane tympani, through a little
aperture ut the end of the clastic tube; when the wire is
withdrawn, fluid or vapour may he ii\jeetod.
Kl!<ODDJI.]
ANT) wnnurCAI, IN«TUUMKNTfi.
NoKTii, NoiiTii Cknthai., and Houtii Ckntuai. UAIXKRir*
4;ir»
^t, Manchcstfi —
r.
I Mid otlier pur
Nu, A in K likinp for llliimlimtinK ttm <li<e|> unvitioit of
iiiduIiIh In ircin-fi>iiri(lii)K. A(v. Miioli iiioniivoiiiunro Iiim
(il'tuti Imiuii fult l)y iiioiililvi'H In litrxo fuunitriuii fur wnnt
■ if II lixlit
ut' iiiiiuld*.
hv nioi
11(1 of I
liruuting light dowu tba duap i>ttrt<i
Ivory ooncuntricNiiullH, timiml from tliu milid bitll. Tho
Kill In Hve 1ucIi«m dlaniutur; tliure nru 14 mIibIU, tint iiiiiur
.,iiuH IwinK l-'.'oth inch thick and thu hihiuu l-liith inch
Imtwucn iMich Nholl. Thu tunk fixini which thu hull wiut
tiiriietl welKhfld Itlnllm.
H|wciniun>i of ikll the iMuhil tnutaU lUiJ ulloyM, HhuwiuK
tliu Hurfuco and fmoture.
280
Solomon, Joikpr, 'i'i Ueil Lion Sqiuire —
Mttnufucturor.
l(t<»<iiitHred papier niooh^ opora ghtaiieR, Eyu pro-
tucturij, &u.
2H7
KiNu, TiioNAi D., AiMtor Designer und
Manufaoturor.
('oinpouud auhroniatic niiuroNoopu u>ouute<l on a pym-
iiiiilitl tripod, with Miechanioal Mtugu, tnivuniinK in rectiui-
giilur phmeH by niicruniuter norawR, oohronintiu oundunntir,
|iiilariiicupe, duublu rufractlng Konioinotur, cobweb nilcro-
iiiutui' and other uyu-piuceit, inHuct forcupH, and vurioim
iiccuHHorloH. In thin inicrciHcope the weight in equally
<lii4trib\itod over the buHe, and when iiv 'ined at itH wurk-
iiiK luigle, tho chief poi-tiou ia brougia uulow the point o^
HiiM|ieMiiion ; the traversing utiigu hiui divided Hcales ant
vui'iiiera, whereby aduieaHuremuutH oui be accurately d«-
tenninud.
tStiident'ri compound achromatic and Hiii.{le microHc-'nie.
improved spherical prismatic illuminutor, for I .v.i^-
pitreiit and n]Nupie microscopic objects, enabling tho rays
uf light to be thrown either obliquely or vertically.
289 Braham, John, 17 St. Ampistine' s Parade, Br ' / '-
Manufacturer and Inventor.
Spectacles, from their earliest invention: varinui mod'':
adopted by Sir Isiuio Newton, Drs. Kitohiner, Woiiaston,
and Heruchol. Perfect and imperfect lenses, ijeuses,
fi'oiii 6U inches to 1^ inch focus. Meniscus and double-
convex lenses.
Specimens of Brazilian crystal.
Mode of producing convex and concave lenses for
spoctaole-eyos.
Iiiiprovenionts on Wollaston's principle of curved 'enses.
Model of the eye.
Spectacles without rims ; and hand-frames.
I'atent pantoscopic spectacles, in gold, silver, steel, and
shell mountings.
Double pantoscopic lens, for near and far sight ; tho
game worked in one disc of glass (two pairs). Registered
ti'iKiinometer, for measuring and protracting angles from
a centre.
Hempath's registered gas blov-Tiipe.
2'JO RowLEr, J., Wukcrhampt^ , — Manufacturer.
Front of a jioir of spectacles worked out of a solid piece
of ciist-steel.
Improved spectacles, t^f sides being so fonned that
thuy may be used withou. I)eing placed upon the heatl;
thuy also include liral'^nt's patent.
I'oir of sjwctacU !., v.ith several improvements.
SiMJctiwIes, exhibited for their exti-eme lightness, worked
out of best cnst-steel j weight, 2 pennyweights.
Qlohi'lar glass travelling spectacles. Wire-gauze eye-
preser.mg spectacles. Horao-shoe eye-preserving tra-
velling spectacles. Another pair (finer). Small oval eye
spoctacle, preaei-ver glasses. A similar pair, oblong.
Small octagon eye spectacles. Folding hand-spectacle, or
double eye-glass. Inclosed spring hand-spectacle, or
double eye-gIn»H. Folding himd-spoctaclo, or double eyo-
gliiss. Oval single eye-glass for reading. Octagon single
eye-glass for rending. Hexagon single eye-glass for
rending. Eye-glass handle, a preservative for the i^l is.i.
201 Mavai.i., J. K., 4Xi Wilt St,„H(i—rrodwiM,
I)uguurrenty[M)N of various kimls.
OnguenootyiHi panoraniiM. -Niagara Kails, Foirniount
Water NVorks, I'liiladelpliia. Ilirthplace of Hhak*|i«iu-u.
liivur Avon, with a view of .Stratford Churuh, Ann
Hathawuy'i House.
[lly • little expenditure of ingenuity, it is perfuotly
possible to tikkn daguiirreotype views of nature in thu
open fields, by tho river side, ur on the seashore. All
that is necessary is to obtain a means of transferring tho
pru|Nkred plate, and also of mercurializing it when im-
pressed, in the dork; and by a small amount of manual
dexterity, with the asMistaiico of a piece cf block velvet,
this may be uooomplished. — it. E.]
Daguerreotype pictures to illustrate poetry and santi
mont, the backgrouiuls in some casus buing sketched, aad
tho sitter iiosud so as to make thu whole harmonise to-
gether. Tlie Soldier's Dream (Campbell), an illustrated
uoum (from life), in four tableaux. Tho Venerable Hedo
blesriing an Anglo-Saxon child (after nature). The Lord'a
I'rikvur, in a series of ten designs (from life). The Fisher
Boys, a study from nature; imd a variety uf other*.
I The ap|)liaation of tho daguerreotype to the production
of 'he pictures referred to is oiTected in the fulluwing
mil iner : — Tho sittur, or the ])eraons comprising the group,
dressed in appropriate costume, are artistically iHised so
IIS to form a tablenu vioant, and in this [losition are taken
by the ordinary process. The backgi'ound is procured
either by placing': the sitters in front of a ncuno paintod
upon ' vos, in .vhich cose the plate i-uc<^ivus the impres-
sion i; usual, and the scene appears as u natural back*
g'. ■' id CO the figures; or, in other coses, the plate is
ptiitud with a fine brush, and the landscape, &o,, ai'e
thus artificially - >tched upon its surface. The practised
eye will immedi.i.' .ly decide which of thesu methods have
been adopted. — K. E.]
Frame of interesting speoiv)iei) ., including a portrait uf
Daguerre, the inventor of liio ;u I.
[The daguerreotype is marked pre-eminently as a result
of the advanced science of the present age. The dis-
covery by M. Daguerre of the sensitiveneHs to luminous
impressions of an iodized silver plate, and of the de-
velopment of the picture by mercurial vapour, woa
first announced to the French Academy of Scienoea, by
M. Arago, in January, 1839. The original process of
M. Dognerre is not now pursued, bromine and iodilie, in
combination or succession, being employed to render the
plate sensitive to light. — R. E.]
Daguerreotypes of sculpture, and novel applications of
the oi't to a variety of subjects, comprising everything
that is known up to this period.
" Crayon doguerreotypes."
[This peculiar process is understood to bo a Fi-ench in-
vention. In No. 1107 of the^^/it'iKCMw, Mr. Mayall iiaa
described, in the following terms, the method of produoiu([
crayon dagueiTeotypes : —
"First. Take a daguerreotype image on a prepared
plate as usual, taking coi-e to moi'k the end of the plate
on which the head is produced. When taken, and before
mercurializing, remove the plate and place on it a plata
of glass, prepai-ed aa follows : Second. Cut a piece of thin
plate glass of the same size as the daguerreotype plate;
gum upon one side of it a thin oval piece of blackened
zinc, the centre of the oval to coincide with the centre of
the image upon the plate. Having carefully placed tho
glass thus prepared, with the centre of the zinc disc, upon
the centre of the image, expose tho whole to daylight for
twenty seconds. The action of the light will obliteratn
440
Class 10.— FHILOSOPHICAL, MUSICAL, HOROLOOICAL,
North, Noktu Central, akd South Central Galleries.
[United
every trace of the image from every part of the plate,
except that which is covered with the blackened zinc,
and also from the thickness of the glass the action will
be refracted under the edges of the zinc disc, and will
■often into the dark parts. Third. Mercurialize the
plate as usual ; the image will be found with a halo of
light around it, gradually softening into the background.
By grinding the glass on which the disc is fixed, and by
altering the size and shape of the disc, a variety of
effects may be produced."
Tlie appearance of these pictures is extremely singular.
The fact that the exposure of plates already impressed
with an image in the camera obscura to daylight entirely
removed the original impression, is one of the practical
discoveries made by every daguen-eotypist who has acci-
dentally lifted the shutter of the plate-holder after
removing it from the camera. But such an application
of this fact could scarcely have been anticii)ated. — R. E.]
Specimens of photography, on glass.
[The art of photography on glass is more recent than
either the daguerreotype or talbotype processes. But
the principles upon which it is successfully practised are
essentially similar to those involved in the latter art.
In consequence of the inequality of the texture of photo-
graphic paper, it became desirable to obtain some more
homogeneous medium for the reception of the negative
talbotype picture. Glass and porcelain have been employed
with great success for this purpose. In order to render
the surface sufficiently retentive of the sensitive coating of
silver, the plates of glass are covered in the first instance
with a thin layer of the albumen of an egg, containing a
few drops of a polution of iodide of potassium. The sensi-
tive washes are then applied, and the plate la exposed to the
lenticular image in the camera. The picture is developed
in the usual manner. The "prints" from glass plates
are of the most exquisitely beautiful character. — R. £.]
291 A Ladd, W., 29 Penton Place, Walunrth—
Manufacturer.
Box of apparatus for showing experiments in pneu-
matics, consisting of an air-pump and 14 other instru-
ments.
[The air-pump was invented by Otto Quericke, a citizen
of Magdeburg, in Prussian Saxony, about the year 1654.
He illustrated the pressure of the atmosphere by the
beautiful experiment of exhausting a hollow sphere, com-
posed of two pieces accurately fitting at their edges,
which before the experiment were slightly rubbed with
fat. On pumping out the air, the external atmosphere
pressed the hemispheres together with such force that, to
the great astonishment of the spectators, a number of
horses were unable to pull them asunder. In the liands
of Boyle and Mariotte it served shortly afterwards for the
discovery of the principal mechanical properties of the
atmosphere. — W. D. L. K.]
Compound microscope, witli chain and spindle, in lieu
of rack and pinion now in use. Registered.
292 Be-vkd, Richard, 85 Kiiii/ William Street, City —
Producer and Patentee.
Photographic pictures by a new patent process, whereby
daguerreotypes are "enamelled."
[The enamelling referred to would appear to consist in
removing the glare of the polished plate by a transparent
covering, resembling a varnish. The present method of
fixing a daguerreotype picture is by gilding, with a solution
©f the hypo Hulphite or chloride of gold.— R. E.]
294 KiLBURN, WuxiAM Edward, 234 Regent Street—
Producer.
Photographic miniatures.
295 Paine, William, 5 Trinity How, IslmgtoH —
Producer.
Photographic pictures, to exhibit the progress of the
art.
296 Claudet, Antoine Francois Jean, IBKing
William Street, Charing Cross — Inventor.
Multiplying camera-obscura, to represent on the same sur-
face a number of different pictures, or the same in varioug
aspects, the portraits of several persons, Ac. The novelty
consists in moving the prepared plate by means of racks
and pinions in a vertical and in a horizontal direction,
thus making several parts of the surface pass alternately
before an opening placed at the focus of the lens. A
sculptor being supplied with seven different aspects of the
features of the some person, is enabled, itaout seeing
that person, to make a perfect bust or mc 1.
Photographometer, to measure the intensity of the di-
r'ect photogenic rays, and to compare the sensitiveness of
various photogenic preparations.
[It is of the utmost importance in practice to know, at
all times, the amount of chemical agency •' -^tinism) which
may be associated with the light of the sun, as they bear
no direct relation to each other; the light may be intense
and the chemical power very deficient, or the contrary :
hence the value to the daguerreotypist of on instrument
of this kind.— R.H.]
Dynactinometer, to measure the intensity of the re-
flected photogenic radiation, and to compare the power
of lenses or object glasses.
[Lenses vary very considerably in their powers of trans-
mitting radiations; the difference arising from the mole-
cular condition of the glass itself, which varies, and also
from very slight deviations from the true curve, which
in the delicate operation of grinding it is exceedingly
difficult to avoid.— R. H.]
Focimeter. It is impossible to obt.un well-defined,
photographic pictures, without previously ascertaining the
exact position of the photogenic focus, which is eiisily
done by taking the image of the focimeter on a photo-
graphic surface, and comparing the segments of the Ap-
paratus with the image, then on the ground glass and uu
the photographic surface.
[Mr. Towson first observed that the focus of the chemi-
cal rays was not identical with the luminous focus; that
the best photographic picture was always produced at a
short distance nearer the leiis, than the point at which
the most perfect visible ir.7.>ge is produced: M. Claudut
has shown that this applies equally to achromatic ns to
non-achromatic lenses ; and this instrument is for the pur-
pose of determimug the chemical focus with facility. —
R. H.]
Screens, to modify the action of light on the various
parts of the figure in taking portraits, and thus obtain
artistic effects.
Patent photographic camera-obscura. The novelty con-
sists in its being possible to adapt to it with the g:-eatest
facility any system of object-glasses, to change them at
will according to the power wanted, and also to use plates
of any sij» ; each havingascparote moveable frame, in which
the ground glass and plate fit the siune groove. Without
the least alteration it will serve for silver plates or paper,
and answer either for views or portraits.
[The photographic camera is a modified form of the
camera obscura, invented by Buptista Porta, the principle
in both cases being the some, the arrangements oii'y
being modified to allow of the easy introduction of tlie
daguerreotype plate or photographic paper. The priiici
Kingdom.]
AND SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS.
NoBTH, North Central, and South Ckntral Qallerieb.
441
u>, 234 Jiegmt Streets
ig it is exceedingly
pie is often popularly studied by simply making a hole in
tlie window shutter of a dark room and examining the
images of external objects on a sheet of paper at a certain
distance from it. — R. H.]
Dark boxes, for containing the prepared plates, and
carrying them to and from the camera-obscura.
Brass frames, to hold two plates, face to face, without
contact.
Mercury box. The novelty is that a number of plates
of various sizes may be mercurialized at once, in a ver-
tical position, and that the heat is applied by the uniform
temperature of boiling water.
Apparatus for cleaning and finishing a daguerreotype
plate, without burning the oil which has been used for
the polishing, and without employing cotton wool, spirit
of wine, or any powder.
Bromide of iodine. Iodine and bromine combined in
Eroportions found to afford means of giving the plate the
ighest state of sensitiveness.
[In preparing a daguerreotype plate, it is essential that
the agent employed to act chemically on the polished
silver surface should be in such a condition, that the
affinity may be easily upset by solar agency. This is
peculiarly the case with compounds of bromine, iodine,
and chlorine. The balance of action is very easily dis-
turbed, and hence the extreme sensibility of plates pre-
pared with these compounds. — R. H.]
Daguerreotype pictures, plain and coloured. Repre-
sentation of objects of art, scientific experiments on the
effect of the various rays, illustrations of the non-coinci-
dence of the visual and photogenic foci, portraits from
nature, taken by means of a prism placed before the
object glass, in order to obtain a non-inverted picture.
[The effects shown in these experiments illustrate the
influences exerted by various media, natural and artificial,
upon the solar rays. In some examples, the luminous
rays are shown to act as protecting the plates from change,
and in others the energetic power of the chemical rays
(actinism) is separated to a great extent from the luminous
rays (light). The general result is to prove that the
radiations which give rise to photographic phenomena,
although associated with light and heat in the sunbeams,
are not identical with it in their action on material
bodies.— R. H.]
Photographic table; showing that photographic pro-
ductions may be employed in various ways, as the orna-
mental part of drawing-room furniture.
Daguerreotype plates, perfectly plane and free from
specks, forming true mirrors.
[Daguerreotype plates are of copper, plated with silver;
by placing two pieces of these metals in contact with very
clean surfaces, and thus passing them through steel
rollei's, they are pressed so closely together that the full
action of cohesive force is exerted between their particles,
and they adhere with great firmness. The silver is sub-
sequently polished, and by nice manipulation prepared
for the use of the daguen-eotype artist. — R. H.]
Photogenic paradox, showing that what is light for
the eyes is darkness for the photogenic action; a frame
containing, on one half, the portrait of the Queen,
covered with yellow glass, and on the other half the
portrait of Prince Albert, covered with deep blue glass,
being .epresented on a daguerreotype plate. The result
is that the yellow glass, although showing clearly to the
eyes the picture of Her Majesty, has prevented the pho-
togenic action, and that the deep blue glass, although
completely hiding the portrait of Prince Albert, the pho-
togenic rays reflected by his picture through the blue
glass have had the same action on the daguerreotype as
if the engraving had been covered with transparent glass,
or with no glass at all. This experiment proves why
when light appears yellow on account of vapours existing
in the atmosphere, the photogenic action is always so
feeble and altogether impeded.
Frame containing six specimens —
(1) Light of a candle represented on a daguerreotype
plate.
(2) Image of a statue produced by the continued
action of light on a daguerreotype plate, without any
mercury ; the white forming the image is due to a fine
precipitate of the silver combined with iodine, taking
place imder the action of light during the decomposition
of the compound.
(3) Xegative portrait produced on a plate first exposed
to light, and in that state having received the image of
the camera obscura ttirough yellow glass ; this proves
the destructive action of the yellow rays in the photo-
graphic operation, and that the yellow rays are not only
antagonistic to the photogenic rays, but that they destroy
the effect produced by the last.
(4) Image of the sim produced during a clear atmo-
sphere.
(5) Image of the sun produced when it appears red
through a fog.
(6) Image of the moon produced during a dear night.
Frame containing four specimens —
(1) Image of the solar spectrum on iodide of silver.
(2) Image of the solar spectrum on bromoiodine of
silver.
(3) Experiment of the focimeter, showing the differ-
ence between the visual focus and the p^iotogenic focus
and their variation.
(4) Experiment of the dynactinometer, showing the
intensity of the photogenic light at any given moment,
for various spaces of time in a geometrical progression.
It is curious to observe the small difference produced by
a double intensity.
Image of clouds, taken instantaneously during bois-
terous weather. Interesting study for artists.
Frame containing the various colours of water co-
lour, and another the daguerreotype representation of
the first. This experiment shows that all the tints of
blue, indigo, and violet produce white in photography,
and that all the tints of green, yellow, orange, and red,
produce black, or rather that they have no photogenic
action.
297 Hesneman & Malone, 122 Xcgent St., Westminster —
Designers.
1. Talbotype apparatus of improved design, made by
J. Newman, of 122 Regent Street.
2. Talbotyjie pictures produced on paper, silk, and
other fabrics; and on porcelain, coated glass, stone, steel,
wood, and ivoiy,
3. Talbotypes treated with caustic potash and a lead
salt, in order to produce an agreeable tint of colour, and
to render more secure the fixation.
4. Specimens of Sir J. Herschel's cyonotype and chiy-
sotype, and of Mr. Robert Hunt's chromatype pictures.
[Talbotype is the name applied, in the first instance,
by Sir David Brewster, to the calotype pictures, his
object being to distinguish by the name of the discoverer
a photographic process which is little, if anything, infe-
rior to the daguerreotype of the French. Paper being
covered with a pure iodide of silver, is rendered sensitive
to luminous radiations by being washed over with a mix-
ture of gallic acid and nitrate of silver; and after the
paper is token from tlie camera, a dormant picture being
produced upon it, it is developed by a second application
of gallic acid.
Sir John Herschel's oyanotype and chrysotype processes
admit of many modifications, the former consisting of the
change of a persalt of iron into a protosalt by the solar
rays; the paper being then washed with a compound of
442
Class 10.— PIHLOSOPHICAL, MUSICAL, IIOUOLOGICAL,
NOKTH, NOUTH ClSNTHAI., AN1» SoUTII CKNTUAI. OaLI.ERIKH.
[Unitkd
oyiuitiKuii (hmicu iU name), the piotuiti h ropreaented in
I't'inutinn l>)uti,
Thu liittia- i8 ill niimt rtMiH>cti4 ainiilnr, only that n hoIu-
tioii of Kol>l ix nppliud to tko iilturud iron Hivlt, lUid oxido
uf gold iH foi'iiiud in tli« pliico of I'ruiMian bltiti.
Tlio uhroiiiiity)io m foi'iiiud by wiuihiiig jNipor with u
luixtiiro of tho biuhrouiuto of ]>ot<uih and Hiilpluito of
copper; and after the picture has been faintly developed
by tho cheiniual principle of the solar beam, it ix wiwhed
with nitrate of Hilvur, by which a inmilwc pictui-e, or
one with correct lighta and uhiulows, ia produced by one
uperation. — H. H.j
298 Haywaiu* BnoTHKRS, \96 Iflarkfrinrs Jioad—
Inventors and l*n)prietora.
Gauge for nieaHuring the thickneaa of metal lUid otlier
platoM, i-oda, or bars : — Tlio principle of thin gauge ia the
pi-ogivnaive movement of an accuititely cut aci-ew, to
which ia nfllxod a dial or circular index, which may be
divided t>o that each apace ahall indicate that the acrew
haa advanced the lOOdth part of an inch, or tithei-wiao
marked aa may be roipiired, auch an to ahow the alicpiot
purta of an inch, thu weighta per foot anper., &o., of
any (Mirticular luetida, alloya, or other material, whoae
apecitio gravity ia kiiowii, or with luiy arbitniry line of
uumbei'M, auch aa the ordiuai'y wire gauge.
The gauge which is exhibited haa tho outer circle set
out, ao that each minor diviaion ia e<pial to 1 oz. {ler foot
au)H'r. of aheet-iron ap. gr. 7M)8, the <iuiu"tcra and lbs.
being ahi>wni up to "Jo lbs. to the foot. The i-elativo
weighta per foot aujier. of luiy other mettds, &c., may be
found from the alidirig or circular acalo of e<iuivaleiit8
which accoiniNUiica the gauge. The next circle haa a line
of numbers, which are au};geatcd by tho inventor of the
giuigo, i\a an impnived acalo for universal adoption; tho
advantagcH being that oiwh whole number will tell ita
own piirticutar value in lUUths of an inch, with fractions
added, expreaaiiig IdOOths; and if written thus, " 1', U,
&c., could not be mistidcen for the whole numbers, \2,
14, &c., Its might be the case in ordinary commercial
traiiaitctious. If plivced with the decimal point only, for
Bubatancea less than lOOthsof auinch, the numbers might
be written 01, 02 to 0!>, each i"epresonting 1, 2 to 9 thou-
aaiidtha of an inch reapectively. The inner circle gives
tho numbers of the present Binningham wire gauge, or
(as commonly known) " the wire gauge," by which ai-e
moasurt'd iron, br.isa, and black ateel-wiros, ii-ou and
stool-sheeta, and many other articlea.
If tho weight \ier foot auperticial of sheet-iron be
required, the aci-ew ia turned to tho left until there is
more than sufficient room to admit the plate to be
moasuivd ; then the instrument being supported with the
fingei-s of the left hiuul in such a manner iw to press the
three points ag-.iiust the under ai<lo of tho plate, and
the thumb being placed on the plate to hold the gauge
tinuly, leitving the screw jwrfectly free, from the relative
iwsitiou which this betirs to the three |>ointa, it will rise
and descend at right angles with the face of the plate.
Now the screw Iwing tunied alowly to the right, until its
further progrea.s is obstructed, in the outer circle on tho
dial, against the ])erpendiculiu' line inside the case, will
be shown the weight of the plate in omioes and lbs. to
the font siiiMjrficial of sheet-iron, sp. gr. 7Hi8.
For i.iOiiauring wire, tho acrew should be turned to tho
right, until the wire cannot pass between it and the
point immediately under it ; then the wire being gently
jiressed between the two, and the screw turned alowly to
the left until the wire passes, the number of the wire will
be found in the inner cireles on the dial.
Sliding and circular scales of oiiuivalcnt^ for weights: —
If the weight per foot superficial of any other material
than iron Im! ivijuired, it is placed in tho g.iuge, and then
on the outer cirele is found the weight which it would be
if sheet-iron; this weight being found on tho slide, and
placed against tho " iron-sheet," opposite to the name of
tho material on the fixed part of tlie rule, on the slide,
will be shown the weight [mr foot superlicial of that
which is under oxamination; and against all the rest,
their rea|)ective e<|uivalentM, Tho Hcale ia also applioablo
to all other calculations of relative weights: thus, tho
weight of a caating in iiH>n is found from the woiglit of
the model, by finding its weight on the slider and placing
it opposite to the article of which it is made; then dn
tho slider opposite to caat-iiini, will bo foi n I its woiglit
in thia material, the customary allowance being made t'nr
the shifting of the model, and the contriiction of the ii'dii
!is it cools. If the whole numbers, instead of being
called lbs., are taken as cwta., then the ouncea will oacli
reproaent 7 Iba. If tho lbs. are called ouncea, then the
ouncea will ropreaeiit diiuthms.
(Circular scale ; -In this scale the same results are oli-
tainod by moving the various articles which are set offoii
the centre, opitosite to the weights on the stationary
iiiai'gin.
20it TviiEK Uhothkhs, 44 Ueijeiit's Circus, Picciulilli/—
Inventor,
Daguerreotypes, including several, in which is iutio-
duced a new and ornamentul process. The colouring liy
Mr. Alfred Tyreo.
[In these daguerreotypes an effect somewhat resembling
that of an engraved border has been produced. Such n
result is caimble of being attained by means of a perforatoil
plate of metal laid over tho picture and momentarily ox
poaed to the light. The action of thu light through tlio
perforated parts will then produce, on exposure to thu
mereury, the engraved a])peai'ance. — K. K.J
301 SAnn, WiI.MAM, A'dst ffill, Wnwlstroi-lll —
Designer, Manufacturer, & Proprietor.
Model of lui aerial machine, which consists of two
revolving wheels for propelling, and a rudder at each
cud to steer tho machine; and two floats to iniise or
lower it without the aid of ballast. The whole is sus-
tained by two cylindrical ballooim, ])laced horizontally.
This conatitutes tho apparatiia, which ia said by tliu
exhibitor to lie as much uiuler control aa a ship on the
seas; and that, notwithstanding contniry ciirrenta of air,
it can bo ateored iu any course that may be indicated,
with equal facility.
1502 Binciiam, RonK.RT James — Producer.
Photographs, from jiapor negatives.
;(();{ Coils, U. & L., 1(18 Acic Jiond Street— Frotinctir».
Sun jjictures, on paper.
[Tho art of producing pictures by the aid of suntiglit,
commonly called photography, is due, so far as tho pro-
cesses on paper are concerned, to Mr. Fox Talbot. Otlu'r
methods of obtaining photograidiic pictures on paper,
equally expeditiously, lu-o known; but the j)riiiciplt's
embodied in Mr. Talbot's patent arc those which in actual
pnictice produce the finest and best pictures. — 11. E.]
304 RiPPINOHAM, VV., Oreiit J'resoit Street.
A case of photographic portraits, on paper, from nega-
tives, taken with collodion on plate glass.
;{00 Leonard, Samukl William, 1 1 I'jijier
Stdinfiird Street — Designer.
Microscopical drawings, illustrating tho use of the mi-
croscope for detecting adulterations in articles of food,
and for discoveries in minute anatomy.
M08 Sharp, Samuel, jVc»- (leor;ie Street, Sheffield —
Manufacturer.
Sot of ten lenses for a single microscope, from l-lOth
to 1-lUOth of an inch focal length.
^{09 Wrav, William, 43 llnKerltij Street, Comiiuucidl
Iloftd Eiist — Inventor and Manufacturer.
A seven-feet w^liromatic telescope, four and a half inches
in aperture, upon a new principle, in which tho difficulty
KlNdllOM.]
AND SUROICAL INHTRUMENTS.
NoiiTii, NouTii (!knthal, and Houth Ckntkal (Jam.kuikh.
443
I UKninHt nil the r«8t
Cii-aus, Pkumlittii—
'ect — Pit)ducors.
of obtiiinliiK larK" <liHCH of flint glawi is ovurcomo by the
uiii|iloyinunt of a Hoiid giilmtitutu.
TIiIh Hulmtitiitu iH a coiiiliiimtion uf a rnHlnoiis sub-
dliiiico, with a very lii^iily refractive and diHiJeixivo
t'KrtoiitiiU uii, and itri apidiuation Ih extremely Hiiniilu and
tiiroctivo, an well iw coiapanitively inexiiehHive. Kroni itH
hi>iiiiiKu»»*><»* nature, it would appejir that a finer tule-
Huiipe niiKhtlio ciiMHtnirtod with lenHUH ofthiH Hidntance,
tliaii witli lunHCK of Hint-nliiMH; for it hiiH l)een found a
mutter of extixinio ilitUeulty to produce the <tenHe flint-
kIiixh perfectly honioKeueoiiH, anrl free from Htriiu, The
HitltHtitiite for tlint-KliwH w liiKhly tiuimpiiri'iit, of a pule
Htraw cidour, and Ih unalteniblo by li^ht air, luoiHture,
Hiid niodurate heat; it fuHeH at about 'HW dup;i'eeH, and Ih
iippliud in a fluid Htate lietweun crown-^lnHH lenHeH. It
li(ii!i)iii»H Holid on cooling, and ronmiuH ho at all at-
iiiiispherio temperatures. Uh refinictivu index and diH-
piM-rtivo power allow a Hhallower Mystoni of curves than
tliiit-Kliwrt UHually does, and uouRoquently a better cor-
ructiiiM of the npherical aberration. Un account of the
vi>in|)OHitlon being in perfect contact with the two crown-
^rlitHM lenHcH between which it i.^t put, littlu light in hmtby
rt'tlectioM at the four interior HurfiKicH, which w not the
cuse with the ordinary achromatic oltject-gliutH.
I An achromatic glaHH Ih a compound lenH formed of
two kinds of gloss, which act differently upon the rays of
light transmitted by them. The ett'ect of their united
iiution is to bring all the rays uf light to a common focus,
wliioh ordinary single lenses will not effect. Objects
Muen through ivchroniatiu lenses are not surrounded with
those fringes of colour which encircle them when cx-
luiiined by a single lens. Hence the term iichroniatic.
In the case in question, the disc of flint-glass is substi-
tuted by a solid resinous substance. — 11. K.j
,'■517 Denton, J. B., Omy's fun S'l/mire — Inventor.
Specimens of model or relief mnpi)ing, finished and in
skeleton, accompanied by a beam-level, for asccrtahiing
hoights an<l distancim, with i)laus and tools elucidating the
iiiuthod of construction.
Model mapping is ilesigned for the representation of
districts where works of drainivge and other hydraulic
operations are contemplated, as tho best means of de-
veloping the natural capabilities of lui undulatory surface,
and of displaying the geological formation of the sub-
stiuta.
Worknian'u draining-levcl — particularly designed for
liiliourers incapable of using tho spirit-level, but who are
fiiiuiliar with the properties of the jdunib-bob.
Inii)roved workmiui's level, similiu' in princii)le, but
ciipalile of greater facility of luyustmcnt, with or without
tlie spirit-level.
818 Pkniiosk, F11ANCI8 Ckanmcu, 4 Ti-afatijar Sqmra
— Inventor and I'roprietin".
llegistered screw and sliding helicographs for drawing
Volutes, scrollwork, and spirals of various kinds. The
curves may be drawn on paper by moans of an impression
(il)taiiied from the disc by transfer paper; they may bo
drawn in ink or with pencil by the sliding helicograph.
Fig. 1. Sliding helicograph. A heavy frame BB' slides
ufxin a smooth straight bar AA', which posses through the
guide sockets UQ', forming part of tho frame. Attached
to the l)ar AA' is n point 0, on which tho instrument
tui'us us a centre. Within tho frame is a circular ring,
currying tho axle of a small wheel or disc, D, fixed to
0110 of its diometei-s. This ring, and the disc connected
wiili it, muy be i)l;icod at any angle with respect to the
IVume. The middle port of the frame is hollow, so tliat
tho wheel rests on tho pai)er. By means of a gauge
Hciow at E, and the carriage on castors KF', the insti'u-
munt is adjusted to tho proper level. A bar HK, which
turns horizontally roiuid K, a point in tho frame, is pro-
vi(lod witli a pcn-and-pencil socket, so that tho describing
point uiuy bo phiced at any point within its range. Tho
11 litre of gravity of tho frame is si arranged that its
whole wciglit fidls directly upon tho whool, and tho edge
t
Fig. V!.
r''K.j.'.vj^^j^j.:'.
Fig. 3.
Venrose'M lli'^istLTcd Helicographs.
of tho latter is milled so as to ensure its taking a firm
hold of the paper, while the frame slides on the smooth
bar. The spiral motion results from tho obliqiuty of
tho axis of tho wheel with respect to the smooth bar AA'
when the instrument is miule to revolve about the point
C; the rate or pitch of tho spind de]>ending upon tho
angle which tho axis of the wheel makes with tho frame.
Tho graduations on tho instrument are given on one side
in degrees, and on the other in such angles as to make
tho longer and shorter radii in one revolution, to each
other iiB tho numbers 2: I, 3; 1 . . . 10: 1, &c. Tho
point C is placed at the same distance from AA' as the
point where the circuinforonce of tho wheel touches tho
pi\per. Tho path of tho wheel is tho logarithmic spiral,
when tho instrument is made to revolve about the point
C, and the pen 1' ]>laced an near an possible to the wheel.
To describe a volute (fig. .'!), the instrumnnt is mode to re-
volve about its centre, when the wheel ■urns round, and
couscs the frame to slide uniformly along the bar, until it
carries tho describing point as near to the centre as re-
(£uired. The frame being simply brought back along the
bar, all tho adjustments remaining unaltered, and tho
jien placed upon other points, a riband will be formed,
preserving an uniforudy decreasing thickness all the way.
If a parallel line be desired, the pen must be shifted
along the line of the axis of the wheel, and the latter
made to traverse the same jKith aa it did when the first
Hue was di'awn.
In drawing a volute, or other figure composed of
several lines, it will generally be necessary that all the
lines should bo drawn either towards the eye, or away
from it; an owing to a change in the action of the guide-
sockets upon the smooth bar, when the motion is re-
vei-sed, the angle is slightly affected. This does not
impair tho e(iuiangular truth of eiich individual line.
Fig. 2 is the screw helicograph; S, the fixed ceuti'o;
and N the whoel which works upon tho screw.
;{'iO Kli.iott & Sons, 5rt S^miu?- Manufacturers.
Magazine cn.se of drawing instruments. The sanii!,
containing every rcipiisite for drawing circles from the
444
Class 10.— PHILOSOPHICAL, MUSICAL, HOROLOGICAL,
North, North Central, and South Central Galleries.
[Unitkd
1 r
il
I
l-lOOth of an inch to 6 feet in diameter; elliptical in-
struments, complete set of scales, standard measure and
triangles, also complete set of water-colours.
Improved dumpy-level, being simple in its at^ustments,
and strengthened by having the bar which supports the
telescope placed vertically instead of horizontally. Tho
same with compass. 5-inch and 6 -inch transit theodolites.
30-inch transit instrument.
New instrument for measuring the distance of accessible
and inaccessible objects.
Opisometers, or map-metera, for measuring curved
lines.
Wheel and pediment barometers, carved to illustrate
the four seasons. Qothic barometer. Ebony and gold
barometers.
Astronomical telescope. Naval and military telescopes.
Opera-glasses, with variously-coloured bodies.
Scale, with slide, for comparing the following mea-
sures :— Swedish, Turkish, Bavarian, Spanish, Portuguese,
Moscow, Russian, Amsterdam, Rhynland, French, and
English.
Standard English yard.
Improved slide-rule, adapted for the use of the prac-
tical engineer, having all the necessary tables for calcu-
lating metal, earth, and wood works, with useful foreign
measures.
Thermometers. 15-inch azimuth and altitude instru-
ment.
322 Lloyd, Lieut.-Col. J. A., F.R.S.— Inventor.
Typhodeictor, (from rufSt or tufose, and iuxrin, or
deletes) or storm-pointer, an instrument for obtaining,
by inspection, the bearing and relative position of a
revolving storm or hurricane. Manufactured by Elliott
& Sons.
It is now a well-ascertained fact that great storms have
a rotary motion like whirlwinds. The theory, commonly
called the " law of storms," as made known in sevenU
publications by Colonel Reid, has been established from
thousands of well -authenticated observations in ditferent
parts of the world, and extending over several yeara. It
proves that during a gale of wind, particularly near tu
the tropics, the winds blow with the greatest fury round
a common centre. At this centre, there is little or nu
wind, even a perfect calm, but there is, generally, u
terrific and confused sea.
The most violent and dangerous part of these revolving
gales is somewhere near this central calm, the wind there
blowing the most fiercely, acquiring, it is stated, a velo-
city of even 100 miles per hour. These storms sweej)
both land and sea, in certain parts of the globe ; their
track and direction are pretty well known ; and they travel
bodil, from their place of origin to their destination at
variable speeds; sometimes at not more than the rate of
4 to 6 miles an hour; sometimes, but seldom, at that of
20 to 30 miles an hour, although the wind within their
range is blowing round with the fury above mentioned.
If a ship, unhappily, becomes entangled within the range
of these terrible gales, she is in greet peril ; many have
foundei'ed, and others have pursued their fuarful course
round and round, until they have been reduced to help-
less wrecks, dismasted and water-logged.
In the northern hemisphere, these winds blow rouud
the compass from east-by-north to west, or the contrary
way to the hands of a watch; whereas, in a southern
hemisphere, it is just the reverse, blowing roimd as tlie
hands of a watch would go. This principle must be
always borne in mind, as the very foundation of all the
information to be sought hereafter.
On these most valuable data, instructions have been
drawn up by Colonel Reid and others, how to ascertain
the relative position of a gale, so as to know whether it in
approaching to, or going from a ship, travelling by its .side,
or imssing across its path. The following cut represuuts
the Typhodeictor.
Colonel Lloyd's Typhodi ictor.
The object of the instrument is, by graphic illustration,
to show that, when the wind blows from a particular
point of the compass, you can only be in one relative
position in regard to the centre of the whirlstomi, so that,
either the storm is approaching the ship, or the ship
.tpproaching the storm, and first of course encountering
the outer edge.
An a consequence of the law of rotation, the wind, sup-
posing the whirl to be circular, mmt blow at a tangent, or
at right angles to the point of the compass, where tlie ship
or observer may be, but under diametrically opposite
conditions, as far as regards the two hemispheres.
Thus, in a northern hemisphere, if the wind blows
east, the centre of the storm must be due south of the
observer ; blowing north, the vortex east ; coming from
the west, the centre of the gale is due north ; and, lastly,
with thn wind south, the gale is due west. Of couiw. in
the intermediate points of the compass, the bearings are
likewise different.
In a southern latitude, tho whirlstorm blows roiuul
just the contrary way. With an east \vind, the storm
centre bears north; with a north wind, west; with a west
wind, south; with a south wind, enat.
Bearing in mind these Itvcts, and with sea room, it i^
easy not only to avoid a hurricane, but to make it sub-
servient in many cases to the ship's ultimate course.
Instructions,
When the barometer is falling and the wind increasing',
set the large pointer of the instrument marked in rod («•'
this to the >ei)ul), to the true point of the coinpiis.s fmm
whence the wind blows, coirected for variatiiui.
KlSODOM.]
AND SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS.
NonTH, North Central, and South Central Galleries.
445
The glosB plat« is to represent the wind ; spin it, to the
left when in a northern hemisphere, to the right in the
Boutbern, it will give a good idea of the course of the
winds around the centre.
Now lay the instrument down on the chart or map,
with the X. point engraven on the metal corresponding
with the north of the chart. Move the whole instru-
ment backwards or forwards, always preserving the iden-
tity of the two N. points until the ship's place on the
chart is beneath the hand marked " ship's place" — No. 1
for the northern hemisphere. No. 2 for the other hemi-
sphere.
Unship the revolving glass, representing the circular,
or nearly circular gale, push back the moveable centre
and pivot, and beneath, is the centre of the stonn nearly.
A good sailor then knows his duty, and will give it a wide
berth accordingly.
Note. — The use of the several holes along the arms in
the transparent horn marked "ship's place," is to adapt
the instrument to any scale on a chart — bearing in mind
that the usual diameter of one of these hurricanes or tor-
nadoes ii about 300 to 500 miles in extent.
^.raHi;)/(?.— Suppose, in asouthem hemisphere, in lat. 19°,
and long. 60° 30' E., the barometer is falling, a swell is
encountered, and the wind is S.S.E. Place the red arm
of the instrument at S.S.E. on the ring ; lay the instru-
ment on the chart, with the north point on to the meri-
dian of the arm No. 2, at the ship's place. The vortex
of the gale is E.N.E. of the ship; and, aa its path is ap-
proximately known, the most violent part of the hurricane
would sweep over the ship if it remained in that place.
A sailor will immediately get out of its way as he would
from a dangerous reef.
Again — if a ship coming from India towards Mauritius,
and in the same spot, had encountered a N.W. wind and
a troubled sea, the intelligent commander would imme-
diately know that he was coming up to a hvirricane, the
centre of which was south-west of him; and if he pur-
sued his course, and did not wait a few hours, he would
run the risk of foundering. In a northern latitude the
circumstances are just opposite. The following extracts
from the Nautical Magaiine for September, 1849, from a
letter by the inventor, will show how the rise and pro-
gress of these terrific gales may be made subservient to
human intelligence: —
" The history of our first few days' adventures at sea,
will go far to illustrate the perfect truth and beauty of
the theory of circular storms. We sailed in our excellent
ship, the Sir Robert Seppimjs, on Wednesday afternoon,
the 4th of April. The gentle breeze just sei-ved to waft us
clear of the shores, when it so far failed us, that even at
nnnn of the next day we yet discerned Round Island.
" Excepting our lack of \vind (which we had not long
to complain of), the weather was most lovely and serene,
but very sultry ; and our next day (Friday) was ushered
in with a most magnificent sun se, very calm, but a heavy
swell fi'om the south-east. The day was passed in listless
apathy, when at dark, a clear moon and a fine and fair
breeze gave us some energy, and gratified our best wishes.
The ship increased her speed. The increase from a gentle
whisper to a rapid gurgle of the water, and from that rather
suddenly, to a continuous roar beneath the stem windows,
with the increased motion and the clank of the tiller-
chains, spoiled our slumbers. A look out on the lovely
and apparently mild night, showed enough in the haze of
the moon, and the " burr " of the planets, with a fleetly-
passing scud, to convince us that our dreams of mortal
discomfort were about to be realized. However, Satur-
day's light appeared with a spanking breeze, and our
worthy commander in good spirits, with the ship close-
hauled, and nothing to spare. Whatever might be our
inward thoughts, we all appeared extremely lively in
having so unexpectedly found the trades.
" It would not do : the increasing gale, the heavy
clouds, and the murky gloom to the south-east, the on-
ward and hurried, and even furious, career of the scud,
told us that we must prepare. There were no signs of
tlie trades ; and the tremendoiis and irregular sea, the
inexplicable heaping up of the troubled waves, the roar
and whistling through the rigging, and the labouring of
the ship, spoke to all our perilous position. It was be-
coming so, at least; for although we were to windward of
the Island of Cargados Qartys, and the intricate bonks,
we had run on sufficiently to make the heart of them a
lee-shore; not so close as to make it an immediate cauce
of anxiety, but sufficiently near to leave us little choice
for shaping our course in an approaching hurricane, of
which, by the direction of the wind, we knew we were then
steering for the centre.
" The beautiful precision of Col. Reid's theory, bo well
worked up, and supported by Messrs. Thorn's and Pid-
dington's labours, was now about to undergo a severe and
practical test, through the very means they have so
anxiously desired and invited, namely, the judgment and
intelligence of a daring English sailor. We consulted the
Horn card on the chart, and, wdth a radius of 400 miles
for the hurricane, asked his advice. He ^ve it to us nobly.
Our commander. Captain Stuart, saw his position and the
approaching peril, and that he would be "hobbled." He
knew his ship, too, and, after consulting the elements,
computing the time he required to get a clear sea way,
and asking his barometer leave, pway he stood boldly on.
All precautions were in the mean time taken — hatches
down, dead-lights, &c. in, masts and yards housed, and
all made snug, and the lower rigging of the heavy masts
secured by preventers and frapped (swifted). So passed
Sunday; we could keep our course no longer; the furious
gusts and the mountains of aeas overwhelmed us ; it
would have been madness to stand on any longer ; one
object was attained — we had secured ample sea room. A
pull at the weather braces, and a rather easing the lee
ones, made a fair wind of our dreaded enemy, and, with
all necessary and seamanlike precaution, away we went
by a N.N.E. couwe, for the outer edge or limit of the
fearful sway of the gathei-ing storm. An extract from
Captain Stuart's log, a copy of which I send you, will
show how we made a fair wind and a true course towards
our destination with such means , it will show, in fact,
how we employed a wind from sou*h-eaat, or S.E. by E.,
to very nearly south, going round by the west, and with a
precision and a confidence quite wonderful even in these
times. I observed sufficient to find that it was a gale ex-
tending to a great radius, permitting us as it did to stand
on so long."
Extract from tlie SirR. Sepping^ Log.
Saturday, 7th April, 1849— In moderate breezes from
the eastward and fine weather. Ship under all sail. At
4 A. M. ditto, ditto. At 8 a. m. ditto ditto. Meridian,
fresh breezes and cloudy, with a strong S.E. swell, lat.
17° 50', long, chron. 59° 10, bar. 29° 90'; at 4 p.m. fresh
breezes, unsettled looking weather ; at 8 p. m. ditto.
Single reefed the topsails ; at midnight strong breezes from
the S.E. ; squally; bar. 29° 90'.
Sunday, 8th— Commences with strong breezes, and
puffy, and a very threatening appearance to the south;
bar. 29^ 85'; in, topgallant sails and double reefed top-
sails. At 8 A. M. fresh gales, with a heavy confused sea;
stowed the mainsail, jib, and mizen; ship labouring and
straining heavily. Meridian, strong gales vrith heavy
squalls of wind and rain; close reefed topsails, sent down
royal yards; every appearance of a hiu-ricane raging to
*^^he southward. Shaped coui-se N.N.E., lat. 16° 58',
long, chron. 60° 15'; bar. 29^ 80'. P..M. Strong gales with
heavy squalls and rain, a confused cross sea running,
causing the ship to strain and labour heavily, at 8 p. ji.
ditto weather. Midnight— still blowing hard in squullR,
and the appearance of the sky very threatening.
Monday, 9th— Strong gales continued, and very threat-
ening weather; at 8 a.m. bar. 29° 90'. At noon, a more
settled appearance; wind at S.W. ; shaped course E.N.E. ;
sounded on the Cargados Bank with Erickson's patent
machine; 18 fathoms wi>t«r; lat. obs. 14° 30', long,
chron. 60^ 48', E. bar. 29° 90'. p. M. 9th. The weathor
at 4 P. M. again assuming a threatening appearance, and
barometer falling to 29° 75'; every indication of a severe
hurricane blowing to the S.W.; heavy wild-looking
44fl
0LA88 10. -PHILOSOPHICAL, MUSICAL, HOUOLOGIOAL,
NonTH, North (^KNTUAr,, ani> South Ckntkai. Gai.i.kkiks.
[Unitrd
clouds rising in that quarter, and a troinundous Houth
and aouth-wefttorly swell, cuuHiug the Bhip to roll and
labour fearfully. At 8 p. M. no appearance of a change;
(ijpiin run the ship to the northirnrd ; soundings 55 fathoms.
At 10 p. M. still very uuHettlod; ship under close-reefed
topsails; bar. 29° HC. At midnight more moderate;
wind at W.S.W. and barometer rising; shaped course
N.K., and made all necessary sail.
Tue8(hiy, 10th— At 4 a. m. bar. 29° 9' and the weather
liaving a more settled appearance; wind at west; all neces-
sary sail set, the lower rigging set up fore and aft. At
noon fair settled weather, lat. ob. 12^ 23' S ; long,
chron. 62" 30^; bar. ao-*.
There are many works of reference .. ". the subject of
rotary storms, and of the greatest value, as The Laws
of Stonns, by Colonel Keid; The Nature and Course of
Stornia ; the same, by Thorn; The Hand-book of Storms, by
Piddingtou.
323 Douses, J., 268 Iliiih //oWorn— Manufacturer.
Complete magazine set of drawing instruments
electnim or British metal.
A variety of smaller sets in brass and electrum,
324
Tree, James, & Co., 22 Charlotte Street,
Btdckfriars kuad — Manufacturers.
Ewart's improved cattle gauge and key to the weigh-
ing machine, on the principle of the slide i-ule, for com-
puting by inspection, the carcose-weight of oxen, sheep,
and swine, from their weight alive; the same arranged
in a circle on tape.
Ewart's farmer's slide rule and cattle gauge, for com-
puting, by inspection, matters relating to practical hus-
bandry, and for ascertaining the carcase-weight of cattle,
in any weight in use in the United Kingdom.
Evrart's cii-cular cattle gauge, with logarithmic circle of
natural and square numbers on the reverse side.
Ivory, boxwood, and electrum scales, for architectural
sur\'eying, and mathematical purposes; of improved
arrangement. Ivory and electnnn protractors. Marquois
scales, for militai-y drawing, fortification, &c., in ivory
and electrum. Rolling parallels, in ivory, ebony, brass,
and electrum. EngineeiV rules, arranged by Bolton and
Ha\vthom, made in ivory. Architects' rules, in ivory
mounted in electrum, new arrangement of divi'ling.
325 PcRVis, J., Netccastle-npon-Tiine — Inventor.
Mechanical squai'e, containing plumb-rule, spirit-level,
square-level, foot-rule, and slide-rule.
Lucieu Vidie'tj
320 Db Fontaine Moreau, Peter A., 4 South Street,
Finibury — Producer.
Aneroid barometer ; aneroid gauge,
invention. — Patented in England.
[From the extreme poi-tability and sensibility of this
recently invented barometer, it has justly come into very
general use. Its action dejrands on the varying effects
produced upon a metallic box, exhausted or nearly ex-
hausted of air, and these small vertical motions are con-
verted into large horizontal motions, by a system of lever
and spiral springs. The instrument is not adapted for
meteorological investigations, but is well suited for most
other purposes to which a barometer is applicable. — J. G.j
327 Towns, William, 19 Stuwiaic Street, Lambeth
— Inventor.
Spirit meter, on a new and simple principle.
328
Hauoard, Willuh Debonaire, Bank of England
— Inventor.
A double proti'aotor, three inches square.
329 Sinclair & Hocklev, 42 Gerrnrd Street, Soho—
Dusignors and Manufacturers.
Mechanical arrangement for supplying artificial tuetli,
and making up the deficiency of the right half of the up[iur
jawbone. Sets of mineral teeth, mounted on gold em-
bossed and bone gums.
Various specimens of mechanical dentistry.
330 Best, Thomas, Oldham — Manufaotui-er.
Micrometer measuring and dividing machine.
Twelve-inch and six-inch rules, marked and divided )>y
the above machine, and intended as standard rules fur
opticians, mathematical instrument makcra, &c.
331
Qriffitu, Joh.v, Darley Parsonage, near Perhii—
Designer.
Standard barometer, manufactured by John Davis,
Derby, designed to give observations accurately to one-
thousandth of an inch.
332 Yeates, Qeoroe, 2 Grafton Street, Duhlin—
Proprietor and in part Designer and Manufacturer.
Standard barometer. A barometer, with i-egLrteriiiK
apparatus attached, the mercury in the cistern of wliicli
can be cleansed without disturbing that in the colunu:.
Small theodolite. Simple theodolite, for rood woik,
dminoge, &o. Simple and effective air-pump.
Improved prismatic compass, capable of taking alti-
tudes. The stune, on tripod, having spirit level attncheil.
Optic square, for measuring inaccessible distance-*.
Various specimens of spectacles.
333 De Grave, Short. & Fanner, r>9St. Martin's-lc-
Ormul — Manufacturers.
Assay balances and weights. Hydrostatic balances and
weights. Balances and weights for weighing diamonds tu
500 and 100 cai-ots.
Letter-balances and weights; portable, and with throe
beams, as used in the Post Office.
Beams and scales mounted, with brass pillar, and
weighing-machine, on mahogany pedestal, for shop
counters. Bankers' scales.
Bronaed beam for weighing 1,000 ounces of gold or
silver. Gilt beam, used by inspeotora of weights.
Complete set of imperial standard measures from bushel
to half-gill. Imperial standard yard, bed, and rod.
Complete set of standard avoirdupois weights, from
56 lbs. to ^ drachm, of spherical shape. The same, from
56 lbs. to I lb. bell shape; and from 8 ounces to ^ draolim,
flat shape.
The fine assay balance will turn with the thousandth
part of a gnun.
334 Oertlino, Ludwig, 13 Store Street, Bedford
iS''/i<'/;r— Manufactux-er.
Balance, to carry j cwt. in each pan, and turn when
loaded with -jj, of agi'ain. C'liemical balance, to ciury 1 11).
in each pan, and turn when loaded \vith ,j|g of a grain.
Balance to carry 1,000 grains in each pan, and turn when
loaded with fjjM of a grain.
In the two latter, the knife-edges are made of agate,
and the suspending pieces for the pans are provided witli
agate planes.
[The sensibility of these balances uiay be expressed by
saying, that the first turns wth about the 1,300,000th
pai't of the weight which it can weigh; the second with
the 1,400,000th part; and the third with the 1,000,000th
port. The value of such balances is perceived in delicate
chemical analyses, in which a fmctioral error has often
led to important mistakes. — R. E.]
336 Brown, S., 6 Marlboroiujh Place, Kennimjton Cross
— Inventor.
Patent power-engine, being a water-meter and a power-
engine. Patent water-meter, capable of adjustment umter
varying pressure. Patent meter, for measuring or weigh-
KiunnoM.]
AND 8URGICAL INSTRUMENTS.
NonTU, NouTn IIenthal, anu S)utii Ckntuai. (iallkries.
447
loiiage, near Borbi/—
able, ftud witli tliroe
th the tLoiisaiulth
AVn/iiVyton Cross
irig tlie liquid tiy lui ovei'nhot wheel, and working in coui-
preHHod uir without cook or valve,
I'atent water and nnirit meter, aelf-nctintj, cai>able of
adjustment under varying praagui-e. Patent apirit-meter,
Hliowiug at the name time the (quantity measured and its
money value, in order to obviate mistake or fraud.
The novelty of the power-engine ouniiiHta in its being a
water-meter and a water-preasure engine, and ako in its
being applicable to steam power without alteration of its
jHU-tii. It is represented in flg. 1.
Tlio machine consists of an outer case or cistern, con-
taining two colla{>sible meiiauring-vusHels, connected by
i)i|jea or tubes to a four-way tap or slide-valve at the
lower part, and at the iipi)er part they are connected by
a beau) working on a centre, one end of wliiuh centre
piwsua through the outer case, luid gives motion to the
nidiouting chiun of wheels, and also to a beam and
quadrant c<mneotod with driving gear. The liquid is ad-
mitted through the upiter part of the case, and with-
drawn at the lower part, after having passed through the
collapsible measuring vensul. Attached to the four-way
tap or valve is an arrangement of rods or chains connect-
ing it with a tube containing a weight, or a weight other-
wise ariiuiged, so that, as the measuring vessels rise and
fall, the tap or valve is acted upon and the motion is
reversed, the liquid is allowed to rise in the case until
the measuring uols ore immersed, and as the pipe by
which the liquin is convoyed to the cose is not connected
with the four-way tap or valve, the liquid flows freely
in at all times, according to the pressiu'e, thus the mea-
suring vessels, having the same pressure without as
)('ithin, are not exposed to undue strain,
Un ttu-ning the tap to withdraw the liquid and start
the machine, the measuring vessels to which the four-
way tap or valve is open, will descend and empty the
other measuring vessels, at the samo time rising and
filling until a certain point is attained, when, by the ac-
tion of the weights and rods, the action of the tap or
valve is reversed, and consequently that of the vessels
also, and thus motion will continue as long lus there is
liquid to pass through, or nntil the tap is turned to
stop it. The motion is converted into a circular one by
the nick and pinion represented in fig. 2.
The patent meter (fig 3), in construction, resembles the
one before described, but has no external apparatus except
the indicator. There is no loss of power in the liquid pass-
ing through the meter to a high level. It is petfect in
adjustment under vai'ying pressures, and consists of two
cylinders, containing a float in each; to these floats are
attached a i-od having a projecting pin at the upper part,
with a pointer attached. A moveable beam is fixed over
and between the cylinder, having rods and chains at-
tached, to work the indicating chivin of wheels, and to
turn the four-way tap at the lower part of, and between
the cylindere. On the top of the cylindere are placed
moveable ketches and ohambein, to allow of the escape of
air OS the cylinders are being filled, and to admit air as
they are being emptied. Also on the top of each cylin-
der there is an indicator, gniduuted to small quantities,
having a slot in it through which passes thu pin of the
float-rod with the pointer, indicating the quantity drawn
off as the float descends. Both cylindei-s having been
fdled with liquid, the one float is held down by the pin
at the end of the rod, being under the ketch on tho top
of the cylinder; the other float is up and has forced the
beam to an inclined position, by its rising as the cylinder
filled. On tiu-ning the tap to withdraw the liquid, the
float descends, showing in its descent, by the pointer on
the scale, the exact quantity drawn off, until, in its de-
scent, the pin at the top of the rod comes upon the
ketch, forcing it back and pitssing by it; but in forcing
it back, as the ketch is attached to the other ketch on
the opposite cylinder by a rod, the float held down is
now released, luid rising thi-ough the liquid, reverses the
beam, thereby turning the four-way tap, and indicating
one measure of liquid passed. The empty cylinder is
now filled, the float being held down as before, and so
the motion and indicating go on as long as thei-e is liquid
to flow, or until the tap i.s turned to stop it.
Brown's Patent Power-engine.
The power obtained viiW, of couine, depend upon the
amount of pressure applied by either steam or water
that may be the prime mover.
Fig. 3.
Hrown's I'ateni Meter,
448
Ci-ASB 10.— PHILOSOPHICAL, MUSICAL, HOROLOGICAL,
North, North Central, and South Central Oallerieh.
rUsiTKD
336 Lanolands, J., 71 Hijh Street, Camden Town —
Inventor.
Patent compound tap, with meter.
337
ParKi S. H., Kingntood, Wotton-Hnder-fUdfie, Qlou-
ceatershire — Designer and Manufacturer.
Set of improved apannera, registered, comprising nine
different sizea.
The uae of the instrument is to And the moat accurate
centre in round or square iron, for the lathe.
338 Sano, John, Kirkaldy, Scotland — Inrentor and
Manufacturer.
A planometer or aelf-acting calculator of aurfaoe.
This instrument is used for measuring the area of figures
drawn on paper, which it does in an accurate and rapid
manner, the operator mertily requiring to guide the point
of a pen round the outline of the figure, however irregular
it may be. It measures any figure, but its great advan-
tage conaiats in determining the area of those of irregular
forma, the measuring and calculating of which by scales
in the common manner is a laborious process, and one re-
quiring to be repeatedly performed and revised, in order to
ensure minute accuracy, and to do away with tho chonco
of arithmetical errors. Adapted for the use of surveyors
of land and engineers, and also calculated *o assist
students of physical geography, of geology, and o. istics ;
to the latter it affords the means of mdicating Irom the
best maps, with little trouble, the extents of states and
other subdivisions, and of correcting the approximations
given in published tables.
In order to use the planometer it is to b« laid on the
figure in such a manner that the tracer can be carried
round its outline. The handle is to be held like a pen in
writing, and the tracer is to b« brought on the outline
and pressed very alightly into the paper, so as to make a
small mark. The index is to be read. The tracer is then
to be carried along the outline until the mark be agnin
reached. The index is to be read again, and the difference
between the two readings ia the area of the figure in square
inches, tenths and hundredth parts, or the area may b«
got without subtraction, by aetting the index at zero at
the commencement, but the former ia the preferable mode,
When the boundary consists of straight lines the process
is aided by using a straight-edged ruler to guide the tracer,
as in drawing.
The numbers engraved on the silver index indicate
square inches, which are divided by lines into tenths, and
further by a vernier in the common manner into hun-
dredth parts. This index reads up to 20 inches; the
brass index carries on the divisions as far as 1 00 square
inches. The instrument will measure any figure not
excetding i^ inches in breadth and 22 in length. If the
figure -'s of greater iiiTie it is to be divided by pencil lines
into parts, which are to be treated separately. The only
ndjustment required is, when the instrument is lifted out
<f its case, to make the two indices read zero at the same
time, which is readily done by lifting up the brass one and
turning it a little forward or backward. If the tracer be
carried round the figure in the direction that the handH of
a watch move, the first reading is less than the lost. If
it be carried in the opposite direction, the first rending is
greater. This machine is represented in the annexed
cut.
Sang's rUnometer.
The mode of action is very simple. The rollers (A, A)
are attached to the same axis, on which there is also a
cone, which revolves with them ; they are exactly of equal
size, so that as they move up and down the paper; the
axis of the cone is always parallel to the same line. The
four friction rollers, of which three (B, B, B) are shown
in the drawing, carry a frame and the tracing point to the
right or left, parallel to that line which it is possible to
truce on the surface of the cone parallel to the paper.
Attached to this frame is the index wheel (I), the edge of
which touches the cone in that line, and is made to revolve
by it ; consequently, the revolving motion of the index-
wheel is in proportion to the motion of the tracer up or
down the paper, multiplied by the right and left distance
of the wheel from the apex of tho cone; and therefore,
when the tracer is mode to describe any complete peri-
meter, the whole rotatory motion of the index-wheel
represents the algebraic sum of the products of ordinutes
to every point in that perimeter, multiplied by the incre-
ment of their co-ordinates; or it is a measure of the
included space.
It is obvious that while this arrangement of motions
should in theory indicate the product of the ordinating
lines by the increment of their co-ordinates, the result of
mechanical imperfections in the motion is also a product,
so that very great care and nicety must be used in the
construction of the instrument. The specimen exhibited
is the first model made by the inventor's owrn hands; it
performs its work nevertheless very correctly. It ia trui>
that the area of a three or four-sided figure will be founii
a little more accurately by a scale and calculation than by
the instrument. This may be tested by measuring thi>
same fig^ure a few times each way, and observing the
difference of the results; but on the other hand, an irre
gular or curved figure will be measured more accurately
by the instrument than by the scale, and with infinitely
less labour, which may be tested in the same way. This
is not because the instrument measures the irregular
figure more accurately than it does the simple ones, but
because the scale measures them less so. The accuracy
meant is the absence of minute errors. In respect to great
errors, caused by mistaken figures in calculation, the in-
strument is exceedingly preferable, even for simple boun-
daries, as it is not liable to faulty arithmetic.
339 Briooes, George, Hampton Wick, Kingston —
Inventor.
Instrument for "ascertaining the distances of objects,
either by day or night, by inspection and without refer-
ence to tables."
340 Booker, John ft Alfred, 26 East Street,
Foundlimj — Manufacturers.
Sliding rule of involution, presenting at one view the
series of powers arising from the successive multiplication
of whole or fractional numbers. Questions relating to
the increase of population, to the calculation of proba-
bilities, to compound interest, &c., are resolvable by this
instrument.
Specimen of hand dividing.
!
KlNODOM.]
ick, Kingston —
AND SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS.
North, Nobth CiNTRAti, and South Central Oam.erirh.
440
341 Marriott, M., Montpelier Square — Inventor.
Bnlance for ohemicnl luiatviiR; the bentn, made of pine,
weighs lesR than one-third of an otince ; when loaded with
1,00U grains in each wale it will turn with the ^gth of a
groin, and with the f^th of a grain when light.
342 Rom, William, Strathnteven, Oohpie, Suthethnil—
Inventor,
Ornduator. An instrument for the iwproximate deter-
mination of the heights and distances of objects, in miles,
chains, yards, or feet, as found by reference to tables
adapted for its use; it also shows the time of day by the
sun in any part of the globe.
343 William, Barton Hugh, Waterfoot, Ireland.
An instrument designed to take angles and bearings in
the field, and transfer them mechanically to paper, with-
out reading off.
This instrument consists of two rulers, with sights
attached to each. These rulers turn on a pivot, and a
compass is fixed in the lower valve. It is designed to
take angles and bearings in the field, and transfer them
mechanically to paper without reading off. It is par-
tic\ilarly intended to take the place of Sir Howard Dou-
gloH's reflecting instrument, and Sohmalcalder's compass
and protractor, the ofHces of all three of which instruments
it undertakes to perform.
344 Dover, John, 14 Little New Street — Producer.
Delicate balance contained in mahogany lantern case,
with weights (lacked in a drawer for chemical analysis
and assaying,
346 D0BB8, Qeoegg, .37 St. AUmrCs Street, Lambeth —
Inventor,
Universal spirit level, adapted for levelling all kinds of
machinery,
347 Cox, Georqk, 5 Barbican — Manufacturer.
A portable instrument for ascertaining correct time by
equal altitudes of the sun, and intended for rating time-
pieces, watches, and chronometers.
The "periphan," an instrument for facilitating the
study of astronomy and astronomical geography; intended
to explain many phenomena which cannot be illustrated
by a common globe,
'Beam draining-level, with adjusting parallel plates on
tripod stand, giving by inspection the rise and fall of land
intended to be drained; useful in laying tiles, levelling,
and building operations.
The A-level for the above purposes, without parallel
plates or tripod stand.
348 Hardy, James, 5 WelUiutton Road, St. John's Wood
— Inventor.
Metrograph, an instrument to enable a person to draw
any object m>m nature, by actual measurement.
349 Barrett, Robert M., 4 Jamaica Terrace,
I, imehouse — Manufacturer,
Improved lunar sextants. Their object is increased
facility in reading off by night. Plain sextant. Improved
brass quadrant, divided to half minutes.
350 Taylor, Janet, 104 Mimries — Manufacturer.
Sextant for measuring angular distances between the
heavenly bodies.
351 Heath, George, Erith, Kent — Manufacturer.
Solid bell-metal ivory arched sextant, divided to 10
seconds, combining the clearness of ivory with the dura-
bility of metal. Owing to the extreme minutene'is of the
divisions on instruments divided to 10 seconds, the difB-
c\ilty of reading them off is groat. This is olviated by
the use of ivory, as a black mark on • white f i-?und pre-
sents a much greater contrast tlum a self-col' <ured mark
on metal.
Imf>roved action ma^ifler. In other insi mmb its, the
magnifier placed to facilitate the reading ofl Lue divisions
moving in a smaller circle than the arch, distorts the
divisions upon approaching the extremity of the vernier,
by their being thrown out of the centre of the lens. This
is avoided by tho present plan.
Improved spring hollow leg, thus to avoid the possi-
bilitv of altering the ai^justments of the instrument in
placing it down.
Improved ivory urch metal quadrant, possessing, in
respect tu the ivory, the qualifloations of the before-men-
tioned sextant : the ivory being dovetailed into the metal,
cannot come out or shrink.
352 Williams, William, 57 Johmon Street,
Somers Town — Inventor and Manufacturer.
A radiator, or instrument for artists, designers, or
draughtsmen, to enable them to draw lines radiating from
a centre.
353
Adcock, John, 4 Marlborough Road, Dalaton —
Inventor.
Model of a new machine for measuring and mapping
roads, ftc, on the scale of 1^ inch to a foot. In its use
the slightest tendency to error from accidental displace-
ment, an unevenness of the road, &c., can easily be
detected by placing a compass upon one of the right
lines of the map, which will enable tho least deviation
from the original or starting position to be at once per-
ceived.
.354 Brake, R., GlastonhHry, Somersetshire-
Inventor.
Model of an instrument for explaining solar and lunar
phonomen.'i. Its novelty consists in the means adopted
for showing the daily increase or decrease of the sun's
declination, for explaining the nature of eclipses and the
causes of the harvest-moon, and of the difference be-
tween true and apparent time. There are two small
appendages, one for measuring the sun's altitude, and
the other for describing his apiMU'ent diurnal motion in
the ecliptic, and for showing the angle which, at any
particular time, the latter makes with the horizon. The
model (six inches in diameter) is complete, but only about
one-third the proposed size of the instrument.
355
Graham, John, High Row, Darlington, Durham —
Inventor.
A rule for showing the circumference of a circle when
the diameter is given, and vice versa; and for showing
also the side of the square equal in area to a circle whose
diameter or circumference is given.
356 Cameron, Paul, 87 London Street, Qlatgow —
Inventor.
Azimuth compass, adapted to solve various problems
in nautical astronomy, practical navigation, and civil
engineering.
Engineer's improved indicating level.
Mathematical and nautical slide rule, for the use of
engineers and naval officers.
Improved thermometer, steam and vacuum gauge.
357 Macdonald, Dr., 4 Coburg Place, Upper Kcnnington
Lane — Inventor.
Instrument to facilitate the finding of the longitude at
[10.]
[Official Illustrated Catalogue.]
2 K
4r.(>
Cl-AKH 10.— rillLOSOIMIICAl,, MUSICAL, IfOROLOfirCAL,
NoHTII, NOHTII CkNTUAL, AND HoUTIl ClCNTItAL UaLLKHIKM,
^Umtku
;ir>8 SlEBE, AVODHTVI, 5 PcHiiuifk Street, Soho —
Iiiv'Hiitiir Hiifl Mniiufacturer.
Now-coniitruuttMl iliiil wuiKliinv( miiuhliu), with tnonaiir-
111); npiLinttiM. TLu auuuxud cut hUuwm thi' I'miii uf thw
luuchiu«.
Sl<'l)i''ii rial Weighing anil Mi-asiirinn Mnchlne.
Solfiictliig water Bupply or Hteain lioiler foeilor, with
A ]v out joint to CDUueot load piiHi wituoiit Holdering,
359 vSmitH, \V., tj Wijiitt Street, MiiiilntoiK —
Inventor.
Early -calling m:ichino. The objent for which this w
iutuiidud iH, by the aid of a clock, to awake pernoua at
any honr required without uoiaa.
;i(!l
MiLLKK, Jamks, jiiii., :'.0 T/ii>uiiia street,
W'lK ilirlr/i — Iiivolltor.
A radiator, an instrument for dniwiug lineH tn a point
f>r centre, with a graduated arc, fitting the itiHtnitneut
for being uaod as a protractor.
[The manner of using this iiutrument is by placing the
ctiiitro of the gloss over a given ]ioint, and keeping one
arm fixed, whilst drawing all the lines reipiired by tho
inner edge of the other. — J. G.]
3()2 LlODEU,. John Josiah, Ktlmhnnjh —
Designer and Manufacturer.
K]iirit levels of vai'ious kinds, used in draining, road-
levelling, &c.
363
Thompson, .John, 4 H'tZ/iVi/ « Place, West
India Jhck Rixul, Liiiwhuiise — Inventor.
Trigonometrical machine, for drafting every description
of cuat, jacket, waistcoat, trousers, and riding-hiibit.
I!t)4 Adcock, J., Teiiimnnnth — Inventor and Designer.
Hogistered approximative comparative scale of the dia-
iiiet- .• and quath'aiit of tho circle, designed to facilitate
the uiLiusuroment of r- landing timber.
Drawing of a paddle-wheel, illustrative of an arrange-
ment by which the paddles may be made to enter and
leave tho water at the most effective angle.
Drawings of an invention for determining and regis-
tering the duration of the courses of the wind at stationary
places within any given time ; of a new water-wheol,
»j)plicable to falls of any height, and capable of workinc
under water without much diminution of effect; and of
a new tug-boat, intended for canal tunnels of great leQgt.h,
which have not a towing-path, and where steam power
cannot be applied.
.'ilk')
Uakd.neb & Co., 21 Unchanem Street, Ctusgow —
Manufacturers.
Optical instruments.
300 Yo*JNO ft Son, a Hear Street, atui 4tf Crutihouni
iV/'irt-j-InveiitoM and Manufurturors.
A seat scale weighing machine of multiplying power.
A table weighing muuhino. This is represeutud in tho
imuexod cut.
Yoim)('ii T*hl« WflKliliiK Mai'lilne,
!0
Blvth, Rout., 2 Chettmham Place, Weitmimler
liaail, LaiiiM/t — Inventor.
Patent indicating level, for carpenters, mniion«, buildera,
Sic. (adapted with telescope and stand).
308 AcKLAND, Wlu.lAM, \S) Dorset Street,
Vortiivm-sqiiare — Inventor.
Machine for tho gi-aduation of hydrometers, thermo-
meters, &c. Scale for an hydrometer, showing speolfic
gravities. Ai.other, showing per centages, according to
Tralles. Hydrometer in a finished state, showing Twod-
dell's scale.
In hydrometers showing specific gravities and per
centages, the divisions ore of unetpuU magnitude. By thin
miushine, the subdivisions ore pliu:ed so that eai'h sliall
be in its true mathematical position; it is appliciiliie
to the subiUvisions on the scales of thermometers, baro-
meters, verniers, the lines of sines, secants, tangentfl,
semi-tangents, chords, logarithmic numbers, and, indeed,
to all straight scales requiring equal or une<inal divisions.
A brass hydrometer for showing specific gravities.
[An hydrometer is an instrument originally designed
for the purpose of measuring the gravity, density, &c., of
water ; but the knowledge of the specific gravities of
bodies, both fluid and solid, is so essential, that there have
been many contrivances for their determination. — J. O,]
3G0 Bksant,
Music stiuids.
Wiltaliire — JIaimfacturer.
371
Ndnn, Ricuard Maddock, Wexford, Irehnul-
Inventor.
Hydiiiineter, for ascertaining tht> specific gravity of
liquidH from 0-000 to '2-W»). Tho weights are introduced
into the instrument below tho centre of gravity.
Pump for medical and other purjioses, stomach eneniuta,
&c.
Door-spring, to act without noise.
372
Blunt, H., Shrcwsbiir;/ — Producer.
A., .ui ..f a lunar cmt
the crater about 28 miles
iJi.uAi, 11., <3ni tsuoviir^ — iruuuuci.
M lei (if a lunar crater (Eratosthenes), diameter of
nbiint 28 inilea.
370 Hay, WiixiAM, 111! H'on Street, Aberdeen —
Designer and Proprietor.
Foot gauge, by which all the measurements of tin
foot are taken at once. U.^uful to shoemakers, &c.
KiNOUOM.]
'exford, Irehind-
ANP SUROICAL, IXSTHUMENTS.
North, Nohtii Centhai., anu South (Jkntuai. ClAi,i,KiiiKa,
4r.i
n77 Kox, K. W., A'i(/wtn'«M— Inventor.
MA^Dotic bnlauco. Tliu beam in Hii|i|i(irtu(l by flno
vyliiKlrivnl axloM, of |i()1Im1iu<1 Rteul, moving, in holoH of
VHrymiiiill tl«pth, niiicit) iiiim^teii, orliard motiil: itlnfiir-
iiMlied with ftu apunrittiw foi- diminiitliliig tliu friction of , i'\ibbed diiriiiK tho operation
the iixlos in tbo holoii, ho that tbu tun-tliou<iiindth part of { front viuw of tlii/> buliiuuu.
11 Rmin Reniibly affoctH the bahtnce; the hi>,im in magnet-
i/,«d, and it iiiiiv, when rwiuirtid, be ndjiiHted itt (>, liy
nieanH of tliti imlox nt the biu k, wiiicli in c!()nno<aed with
the point of the pin being
Tlie following utit \» a
» iniigii>;t within the box
A
«■
A
r
Fox'i Maignetlc Bulance,
[In this balanoe the body w weighed ngoinHt the force
of magnetism, instead of that of gravitation, an in the or-
dinary balance. The beam \a itHelf a magnet, and its
poaitiou is governed and adjusted by the repulsive action
of another magnet.
To adjust the instrument for use, it must be carefully
levelled by the screws. The beam is then brought to the
"oro points by turning the deflectors. The weight and
materials to be weighed are then introduced, and the
stilling door closed; the beam being released takes its
position with great occiu-aoy, showing the ditTerence of
the materials and weights by the small space passed over
by the points of the needle; or weights may be added till
the beam becomes perfectly horizontal. — R. H.]
378 Yates, Emma Jane, 9 J'urtlmd Place,
Wundswortii Road — Inventor.
Instnimont for the approxiruute d«itermination of the
problem of squaring the circle.
379 Dyer, Henuv. 'Ire it Wentcm Railica;/, llurigerford
— Inventor.
Registered office-index and tiiblet-mementi>. The re-
vohiug circulor plate, being properly adju.ited at the end
of each mouth, shows tlio mouth, the day of the mouth,
and the day of the week, throughout that iaoiith.
382 ToLLi'LTT, W. B., /•'u//ifs<<./i(;— Inventor.
Instrument fqr teaching the blind to write.
383 Dabnell, J., 3 Kinr/ Kdirard Terrace, Liverpool
lioad, Islimjton — Inventor.
Portable house alarum, for the detection of fire and
robbery.
Universal suu-dial, which may be adjusted to any lati-
tude in the northern or southern hemisphere.
385 DAVlDSoy, A, All/ I- Inventor.
Instrument for taking the girt of trees.
380
Weare, R., Prince's Road, Pluntstead Comitum —
Inventor.
Fire aniiiliilator.
387 VVertheimer, D. J., 5 Charinj Civaa — Patentee
and Manufacturer.
Calculating machine, performing the operations of the
four lU'ithmetical rules, viz., addition, subtraction, multi-
plication, and division, simply by mechanical action ; and
applicable for addition and subtraction of English money,
from one farthing up to one million pounds sterling.
Calculating uiachiuos for Indian, American, Russian,
Prussian, Brazilian, Portuguese, Meapolitiui, Roman,
French, Turkish, and Chinese money.
Counting niiichine, for showing the number of strokes
made by a steam-engine, or any other piece of machinery;
and which can also be used for telling off scores, &c.
[Automaton calculation of this kind ia effected by a
number of toothed wheels, each turning freely about its
own centre, and the " value" of the operations depend
upon the number of teeth in those wheels: thus, if a
wheel Iiave 12 teeth, it may be used for pence; aaother
with 20 teeth may be used for shillings, oud so on. But,
notwithstanding the skill and ingenuity bestowed upon
such instruments, their power is very limited. — J. O.]
389 Dabveli, Wm. John, Clicsham, Ducks — Inventor.
An improved cooler, or refrigerator, for cooling malt
liquors,
392 BovLE, — .
Reflecting telescope.
395 Matthias, John Henky, 47 llatton Garden, mid
1 Dorset St., Pall's /'o/k/— Inventor and Maker.
New invention for dividing lines, upon a geometrical
principle;
made of tJerman silver and of box.
39r.
Baker, Henuv, 90 llatton Garden — Inventor and
Manufacturer.
Steam gauge, iijiou tlio compressed air principle, show-
ing the pressure pers(iuare inch, and also the temperature
of the steam at varidua pressures. (See fig. 1.)
Vacuum ga\ige, witli sliding i^ale; the glass tube is
protected by a Ijronze covering. Tlie same in a brass case,
showiui' a scale of 22 inches and upwards, intciKled for
2 K •-'
•Ifl'J
ri,\M 10.— pinLosoi'irrcAi-, muskaf,, iioiioi.odKAri,
NoRTrr, NoiiTii Cknthai., ank Hoitii Ckntiiai. (Iai.ikhim.
[ITkiwh
I
!
;
s
i
i
I
I
f
KiiKAr hniling, or iiltiiittioii* wliuro n\}nct la an object. (S«u
fig. U.)
FiK. 1.
!*■
Iluker'i Steam mil Vuiiiim (iaiiKm.
New Dteam RniiK«>. Rnin gnugo, upon n Biinplo {itnii.
Thnrnioiiietriu iiluriiir, for giving an aliirm at any ru-
quireil temi>«ratin'e; UHcfnl in cime of firo, overheating,
Ac. It uonoiiitM of a t>ent gliwg tube, with a bulb at each
end, one of which is oi)en to the external air, a cei-tuin
quantity of mercury ib pourotl into it. The ether
vapour in one bulb act8 a» a thormoineter, and by
its expanHion diHplaces tlie mercury, which flowR into the
other; the tube rests upon a pivot, luid in by this move-
ment overbalanced. The broHg tube over the glaMg one
containH a ball, which then rullh down and fallH upon a
lever iu the tipright pillar, which setn the clockwork in
motion, giving an alann which ViiW continue for sonic time.
It will also act OH a thief-alarum, by means of wircH being
fixed from it to the doom and wimlows.
Horticult\iral anil other thennometera. Barometors,
for the working clasReH. Qlaas hydrometer for tenting the
strength of spirits, iu a box, with a thermometer. (Jlass
soccharomoters, for testing beer. Glass lactometer, for
showing the quality of milk; also the per ceutogo of
cream by measure. Urincimeters, fitted up in various
ways, with bottles, lamps, and test tubes.
399 Chamberlain, Wiluam, jim., St. Leotmith-on-Sva
— Inventor.
Large model of a patent machine, to be used in re-
cording votes by ballot
Model of a similar patent macaine aking votes on
divisions.
401 • HccHES, William, Ooremar of t/ie Illiru! Asylum,
M(mchester-~\uy entor.
Registered portable typograph. A new mechanical
contrivance for the use of the blind. See the annexed
cut.
By the aid of this instrument persons who can rend the
common embossed Roman letters (oven of double the
ordinary size) may comnuinicate, by letter, after n few
minutes' instruction. This typograph is oilculatcd to
give, at plcasm'e, any letter or figure in the eighth part
of an inch ; and, if required, a blind person may with
eaae put sixty-four distinct letters within the space of
a square inch. The typograph is applicable to many
other piu-poHoH, auoh aa printing uiilforni lalitila fcir
museum*, &<!,
lliiKhn'i llcKiKlxri'il Typounph.
The typograjih, a similar Instrument, constructed for
embossing, or printing in relief.
402 WiLTOM, William, St. Aii/, 7»vico— Manufacturer.
Fox's magnetic din and intensity instruments, viiriniiH
sizes, for ahowing the exact dip of the magnetic nueilli',
and for measuring relative magnetic iutonMitius. See tliu
annexed cut.
Pon't Maipiellc Pip anil Intrnnity Inilrumi'nt.
This instrument consists of the following parts: —
Ist. Of a horizontal plate, traversing within a gniduntod
limb mounted upon a tripod of brass, anil adjiiHteil liy
screws to the true level, by a ground-glass H|)int Imlible,
2nd. Of a strong ring fixed at right angles to the
fonner, within which are two graduated lind>s, the outer
one divided to 15", and the inner one to 30", ami m
fixed to the instnnnent as to direct the eye in rcuilin<;
off from the points of the needle, thei'eby avoiding error
from parallax.
3rd, Of a solid back with a graduated limb outside,
and ivn armature carrying a telescope, with veniiei's niiulo
to revolve thereon.
4th. Of a concentric ring, revolving in the centre of
this, and carrying a plate with bracket and appeudiiges
fur the needles.
Tttb. Of a magnetic needle attached to a strong steel
axle, tenninating at the extremities in veiy fine, Imt
peifect cylindeiii of hardened and polished steel ; the»e tit
into jewelled holes, which may be moved around with the
concentric ring, and which susiwnd the needle in ii vorti-
cal plane, making it very steiuly, yet allowing it jieifeot
freedom to settle in the magnetic dip.
Gth. Of a small brass stud projecting behind, ami m
fixed as to form a continuation from the axle of the
needle; against this, is employed a small ivory iIIbc a» a
rubber, which counteracts the friction of the needle on
its axle.
7th. Of a fine concentric brass pulley on the axle of
the needle, over which pas-ies a fibre of unspun silk,
carrying a small hook at each end, for the puii)oso of
testing magnetic intensities by the employment of mimll
weights, a series of which ai-e furnished with the instru-
ment.
8th. Of a pair of small cylindrical magnets fitted into
l)rn«s tube.s, and made to screw into the armature lieliind;
when the verniers of the armature are placed to read oil'
the same degree as the points of the needle, then the
points of these magnets are exactly opposite thereto, and
KlMllH)M.]
AND HlimjKAL INHTHL'MKNTS,
NullTII, NoilTIt ('KNinAL, AND SoUTII C'KNTHAL UaLLUIIIKM.
n:i
K iiiitrunii UUU for
''•'"•" — Maniifiiotiiivr.
inNtriinieiitN, vimoiiH
thu llinf(I)t<tio lleerll,.,
iuteiiMitioH, Sec tli.i
ar* employed in cleflectiiiK the nomllu fniiii iu tniu |iiml-
tinn, anil thereliy ilnttiriiiTuliiK itiii^iiutlu fut'coii, auduli'^
urciirroctiiiK thu (li|i,
titli. Of li thoriiiniiifltor, for ntifiHtmiiiK tainperature,
whtiii iilmurvntioim art) iniule with thu iiiHtriiniunt.
Liuitly. Of «n u»trn ihimiUc, to liu uiii|iloyt>il for correct-
lii^ nrront, nrialiiK from itcviduiit or othiirwmu, in the
ih'oiIIh K*"'°i^^"y iiiwil. Thin i* efluctuil liy tikking the
iiicitn of Huvomf ruiuliuKN of the ili|> of thin nnuillu, with
tliti fiuw of the itiittniniunt townnlii thu eiuit, moving the
hoin/.ontiil linili tlirout<h 1H0», nnd titkiiiK thu mean of
•uvurid ivudingM wuxt, tlixn of revurxing the pohiM of the
nt'ucllti, nnd ikKuIn tnking the muiin of Huvorid ruiulingn
tiiu«t and weMt, and liiMtly of takiiiji; thu muiin of thuNu two
riMiiltH; if thuKu correitpond with tiiu dip Hhown by the
uuedlti ruguhirly employed, then the dip in correct, A
mean of Hevuml ruiullngx will generally givo the dip
within II minute or two. The inntriiment may aUo be
employed for menniiring nngleH in azimuth and altitude,
or bu UHed oh a theo<lolitu. In UHing it iih a mii|i;nutic
variation, or declination instrument, the true mei-idian
cull be lutuertained iu the ifnual miuinor, by meaiix of the
tule8co|ie nnd the vertical and horizouttil nioveniciitH.
The miignetic meri<linn can bu exactly det«niiined by
reading off the azimutim when the needle \h vertical, or
rather when one of ito poleH, or pointn, in at Oo" facing
north iw well iw Mouth, and the mean of the a/.iniuthM
giveit the magnetic muridian. TheHe ol)MurvationM may l>e
multiplied by turning thu face of the nee<llu towardn the
iiack of the iuHtrunient, and uIho by employing the other
uoedle to repeat thu obHervatiouH, The method of ditl'urent
nziiuutlui may alHo be employed ii<l libituui, ruading off
when the point of the needlu in 4", t", 2", &c., on uach
tide of SH)" in HucouHHion. In all ciimuh the rul)liing of thu
point of the stud, orpin at the back, Mhould bu continued
till the needle hoH Nettled in itH placu of ruHt. It Hhould
be gently dune, uHpcclally at thu liwt.
[Fox'Hdipping-nuedle detlcctor hn*i now been employed
by lloMH, Stanley, Belcher, and otherH, fcjr dutermining
the variatiouH of the dip, nnd intenHity of magnetic force,
for many yoiu'n, with the nujnt marked advantage; lut it
enables the obHerver to deternnne, with great accuracy
oven at Hua, various points of intercHt in connexion with
tlie phenomena of terrestrial magnetism. The needle
being brought to its true bearing ot any spot on the
ciu'tli's surface, n sninll balance in hung on thu disc
around the centre of suspension, and thu weight required
to liring thu needle back to zero is thu mcaauru of thu
intensity of the magnetic force in action. Fur a detailed
account, the Second Aniuud Report of the Royal Corn-
wall I'olyti clinic Society should be consulted. — R. H.]
Prnoticul ndner'a thuodolit*, or Improvml di»l and
'piadrant, used for underground and Hurfitee surveylnK,
mil eoiMtnu'ted so an to answer alt the piir|HiiiM of the
Hcientitio and pnu.'tical miner, while it may also be unud
OM a Hurvevor's theodolite. This iuNtrumeut is ihuwit iu
the preceiling cut.
40;l Andeiwon, Jankh, Qutcn^feirij South, Kdinbiiiijl^-
Inveiitor,
Perspective drawing machine.
Fux'a Miner'a Theodolite.
404 ORirriTHa & Lk ItKAir, \:> Cohoin Hutul, Mile h'lut
— I'roducor.
Dnguerreot^'IK) portriiits and (ilctiires, with olootrotype
copies taken truin thoiii,
[The dagucrreoty|)e picture being produced by n flim
of mercury upon a silvered plate, there is necessarily au
irregularity over its surface. If n plate thus preiwred U
connected with a galvanic battery, and placed in a solution
of siilpliaiu I f copiKir, the copiHir precipitated on the sur-
face leceives n most delicate impresHion of thu ihtguennto-
tyiM) imago. In mldition to thu ditfurences produced by
the varying thickness of the mercurial film, there is not
unfru<|uently a slight ditferuncu iu the culuiir of thu
copper deposited over those parts thickly coated with
mui'cury, and those over whiuh the silver is exposed. —
R. H.]
404a Heywood, William, U5 Duke Street, MmKhetttr —
Inventor.
Experimental nir-pump, with sulf-untini^ exhaust-tap
pliuiud in immediatu contact with the bottom of the
cylinder.
400 Beaufobd, R., //((s<m(/s— Inventor.
Registered daguerruotype accelerator. This consists of
n pro|>erly-constructed fens, applied in a jmrticuliu'
manner to the ordinary daguerreotype instrUnient. Its
advantnges are assumed to be as follow: —
The actinic rays (which have their primitive source iu
the Holiir beam, and which produce the photographic
etTuct) divui'ge from the object of which an image is to bo
produced on thu photogniphic plate. These rays iuh)
made, by the action of the ordinary diigiierreotyiiu instru-
ment, to converge to n point at n cei'tain distance within
the cameiu. Uy api)lying the accelerator, these rays aro
made to converge more rapidly; and, by putting tliu
prepared plate moru forwani, a smaller image is proeuiuil
by means of the accelerator than could be obtivined
without it. Hence, by means of the accelemtor, the
actinic rays are condensed into a suialler lU'eu, and the
intensity of the etfict is heightened.
This latter fact is cunsidered to include three otheifi,
namely— photographic efTucts can be obtained by tho
application of the accelerator, when, without its aid, thu
desired elfect could not be obtained; as, for instance, on
a dark and cloudy day. Again, all other things being
thu same, the image of the object is much more intensu
and well-defined with the accelemtor than without it —
the flatness and doadness geneiidly obsoiTablu in photo,
graphic portiuits being exchanged for a roundnoHS of
surface, and a natural projection or " bringing out " of
tho parts, which constitute an effect highly pleasing. A
third benefit secured by the accelerator is observable in
tho diminished time reijuirod for producing a photo-
gnil)hic effect, owing to the actinic mys being intensified
by tlie introduction of the accelemtor. The time ru-
([uirud for producing a photographic picture with the aid
of tho accelemtor, is only one-half or two-thirds of that
required with the ordinary apparatus alone.
A furthei advantage obtained is the economy of spac^u.
When the daguerreotype instrument is used without the
accelemtor, the artist, if he wish to obtain actinic rays
of less divei-gence (which is often the caae), must re-
move from the object. In removing further, he must
use (in most cases) a large instrument. Such incon-
venience is avoided by means of the accelerator; for.
454
Class 10.— PHILOSOPHICAL, MUSICAL, HOROLOGICAL,
North, North CESTRAii, and South Central Galleries.
[United
1
I
I
I
when thu) U stated to bo applied, the royfl can be at
once refracted into the right course, whereby the increase
of distance and the change of iiutriunent are avoided ;
the accelerator therefore favours not only the economy of
space, but also the economy of means, the use of the larger
instrument being in this case obviated. This will appear
to be still further the case, when we consider that by
applying accelerators of different foci, we can produce
portraits or views of proportional magnitudes; so that
from one daguerreotype instrument both Urge and small
plates can be produced.
Another advantage of the accelerator is, that it prevents
that distortion of the image often obse'vable in photogra-
phic portraits. Without the applicotlon of the accelerator,
the f mage produced ia of such u size that any exaggeration
of relative magnitude, due to the superior forwardness
of any part of the object, is magnified to an inconvenient
extent. The image produced by the accelerator is reduced
in size, and this exaggeration is reduced in an equal
degree, so that it appears free from all distortion; by this
means, the ingenious but troublesome contrivances hitherto
adopted to avoid this source of annoyance are superseded.
407 Gooebtt, Robert, 72 Fleet Street — Inventor.
Model of a pair of direct-acting steam-engines, with pad-
dle-wheels.
Plate electrical machine to exhibit negative and positive
electricity.
Double-barrel tur-pump with iron plate.
Delicate galvanometer, &c.
408 BnvAN, Rev. Joshua, 8 ffaymarket, Iforwich —
Inventor,
Improved air-pump without valves, having a rotary
motion and donble action, exhausting both by the rise
and fall of the piston; it will also condense aa well as
exhaust.
409 Marratt, J. S., 63 Kinij lliY/wwj Stnet,
Loiulon 5n(*/c— Manufacturer.
Five-feet achromatic telescope, the vertical and hori-
zontal motion produced by endless screws.
Seven-inch transit theodolite, reading to 15" in altitude
and azimuth, furnished with inverting and diagonal eye
pieces, needle box, tripod staff, and locking plate, axis
level, &c. It can be used with or without tripod, as moy
be required; and is adapted for surveying, tunnelling,
magnetic, or astrononiical purposes.
411 Phillips, John, F.R.S., S'. Mary's Lodge, i'ork—
Inven'.or.
An electrophorus, (fig. 1.) which differs from that of
ordinwy construction, by having ii.3tiUlio conductor
Fig. 2.
through the resin to the base on which it is placed. By
this contrivanc it is unnecessary to toucn with the
hand the metallic cover, which as often as it is lifted and
replaced will give powerful sparks.
Rain-gauge (fig. 2.), with one horizontal and four vertical
receiving funnels, each furnished with a stopcock. By a
simple calculation from the measures of water collected
in the funnels after a shower, not only the depth of rain
which has fallen, but also the direction in which it come,
and the angle of inclination of its descent, become known.
These instruments are shown in the preceding cut.
Maximum thermometer, with a separated column of
mercury for the index, instead of the wire, which is liable
to get entangled in the mercurT,and demands a large-^ized
instrument. By the construction exhibited, these defects
are avoided, and the use of the instrument is extended.
Anemometer, for collieries, hospibda, &c. The pressm'e
ia received on a semicircular disc, suspended by the
diameter, and measured on a graduated arc. By tables
calculated for the equation vel.
velocity is obtained in terms of the angle.
Air barometer, of very cheap construction, suited to
collieries, iff which a large scale is desirable for renderiug
the changes of atmospheric pressure obvious.
413 Allen, Edward Elus, Steel Yard Wharf,
Upper Thames Street — Inventor.
Electro-magnetic railway-train alarum, for communi-
cating with the engine-driver from any part of the train.
The alarum consists of the ordinary steam whistle worked
by an electro-magnet, the current passing through the
side-chains ; thus any additional connexion between the
caiTin<;es after they are attached in the usual way is
avoided. ,
ilflA PAVmiBfyy. J., 25, Neicington Crescent —
Manufacturer.
Gold plate with mineral teeth mounted on it. Com-
plete upper set, with natural teeth on the one side,
socketed in hippopotamus ivory, and imitated on the
other.
414 Nichols, W., Camhridijc — Inventor.
Electro-magnetic alarum, for protection against robbeiy
or fire; with a model showing the arrangements.
417 Cresswell, John, Wmchittare Hill, Edmonton —
Inventor.
Electro-magnetic engine, for the production of motion.
The principal novelty in this engine consists in the
mode of applying the attractive power.
419 WinsHAW, Francis, 9 John Street, Adelphi —
IJesignor and Inventor.
Telekouphonon, or speaking telegraph. Consisting of
gutta percha, glass, metal, or other proper tubing, with
mouthpieces of ivory, hai-d wood, or metiU; funiislied
witli whistles, organ-pipes, and other means of calling at-
I'hillips's Electropluirus with iU Caver, «nil Itnin-Kkuger
Wliishaw's IiidfX Moiilli-picce.
KiNonoM.]
AND SUUGICAL INSTRUMENTS,
North, North C'ENTnAL, asd South Central CiALLERfss,
>n Crescent —
Utl, Edmonton —
tention. The index mouthpiece attached to one end of
the tube han an indicator to show from which room the
call has been made. See the preceding cut.
Qutta percha telephone.
Railway trains communicator, for communicating be-
tween guard and driver, or passengers and driver, a tele-
kouphonon, in dififerent lengths, with screw joints to suit
tbe lengths of the carriages and the spaces between them.
Qutta percha tube and lathe-band, as first made by
the exhibitor in 1845.
Subaqueous insulated electric telegraph conductors.
Battery protector.
Telegraphic private code box. Model to illustrate the
hydraulic telegraph.
Index electro one-wire telegi-aph, with perforated con-
versation codes.
Centimetral chronometer, made by Johnston, Clerken-
well. By means of tabulated velocities on a moveable
ring, the speeds of railway trains, &c., are accurately as-
certaii..id to the hundredth part of a minute, by observ-
ation merely, and without calculation.
Comparative plan of that part of the City of London
which was desti-oyed by the Great Fire in 1066; showing
its state at that period, and the alterations and improve-
ments effected up to 1829, with historical and other notices.
Patent glass pipes to insulate and protect the mres of
electric telegraphs when placed under gi'ound. Patent
multitubular pipes, of glazed earthenware. Manufactured
by William Northen, Vauxhall.
Chess-board, enamelled slate, executed by Mr. Magnus,
Pimlico.
Whishaw's uniformity-of-time clock and telegraph ;
mechanical domestic telegraph; and index electric tele-
graph.
[The mechanical domestic telegraph consists of an
arrangement of tubes formed of gutta perclia, and sup-
phed vvith metallic and other mouthpieces, to which a
whistle is attached. By blowing into the tube the
whistle :a sounded in a remote apartment, and the mes-
sage can then be delivered with scarcely any elevation of
the voict through the tube, which transmits sound in a
remarkable manner. — R. E.]
Wroti;;ht-iron chain pipes, with swivel joints, for pro-
tecting <he wires of electric telegi-aphs under water.
420 Harrison, C. W., & J. J., /?ic/((nonff— Inventors.
Electro-magnetic engine, for producing a motive power
ou a new principle.
421 McNair, a. & Co., 33 Omcahl Street, Glasgow—
Inventors and Manufacturers.
Conductor for electric telegraph? consisting of a copper
wire insulated vrith guttapercha, and inclosed in a leaden
tube.
422 Brett, Alfred, 13» Holkmi liars — Proprietor.
Brett and Little's patent electric telegraph, alarum bell,
bell handle, and battery.
The electric telegraph. The vai-ious letters or numerals
represented on the dial are made by the motions of
either or both of the indicators; the number of the
motions for each letter or numeral is defined by the
figures on the centre of the dial, commencing at all
times with the indicator on the side next the letter or
numeral, and when both indicators are used, finishing
with the opposite one. The lielices are double, and of a
circular form ; and the magnet is in the form of a ring or
horseshoe, suspended in the centre of the helices, and
is deflected either to the right or to the left, according to
the direction of the cuiTent. The poles of the magnet
being equidistant from the earth, the magnet is rendered
astatic, and not affected by the terrestrial mitgnotism.
These magnets move pai'allel with the coils of wire
and planes of electricity. The indicators, not being mag-
nets, ere perfectly free from vibration, and the indication
is therefore distinct and c'>rtain.
The alarum bell, for calling the attention of the atten-
dant, being liberated by a motion similar to that of the
telegraph, gives three distinct blows ; and should it, by
any chance, be liberated by a current of atmospheric
electricity, the apparatus would not be deranged.
The deflector on the left of the instrument enables the
current to be transferred from the telegraph to the
bell, and vice versd ; and it can also be used in case of an
instrument getting injured, to pass the current along tho
line, without stopping the communications at other
stations; with this, one wire only is required to enable
every station on a line of railway to communicate with
the whole by means of one instrument only at each
station.
The battery is of the ordinary form, except that the
cells are of porcelain and separate, and the plates are
connected with binding screws.
By the use of an underground an-ongement of con-
ductor (as exhibited in combination/ the cost in the first
instance, with wire encased in lead, is very little more
than posts with wu'es suspended in the air; and with wire,
encased in gutta percha only, much less; while the coat of
maintenance is greatly reduced, and the liability of in-
terference from atmospheric influence avoided.
423
Winter, J., 44 Littlcwood Jloiise, Lrcds —
Manufacturer.
Galvanic walking-stick, made of a kind of oak, from
Australia. It contains an electro-galvanic macliine and
batteiy complete. On holding tlie knob in the hand, a
shock is slightly felt; and by taking a piece of silver or
copper in each hand, and touching the knob on eacli side,
the shock is greatly increased.
424 Smith, George Richard, 16 De Souvoir Torriice,
Culford Jioad — Inventor.
Comic electric telegraph and key board, which consists
of a mahogany case, having in front a comic face, and three
signs concealed by shutters, the features of the face and
the shuttei-s being capable of simultaneous motion by an
electric current, which also rings a bell placed inside.
With three signs, it not only conveys every letter in the
alphabet, but exhibits distinctly the erds of letters, words,
and sentences. By the bell arrangement, it intimates
when a message is about to be sent, and is made to
facilitate the deciphering of the signs Magnetic polarity,
!is an indicator, being dispensed with, no electric dis-
turbance iu the atmosphere can render it ineffective; the
internal arrangement being vei-y simple, it will not sooH
be disordered by use.
425
BurdetT, Joseph, 28 Hanover Square, Ciapham
Boad — Inventor.
Domestic telogi-aph, requiring only one bell for any
number of rooms. All the rooms being numbered,
wires are brought to corresponding numbers on this
machine, so that when the mre of any rooni is agitated,
the bell will ring and the indicator will point out the
number of the room on the dial where attention is re-
quired.
426 Alexander, Wilmam, F.R.S.E., 52 West Hcjister
Street, Kdiiibitrijli — Inventor.
Model of an electro-magnetic telegraph, worked by
means of voltaic cuirents through metallic conductors,
deflecting magnetic needles, and thus unveiling the
letters of the alphabet in the order required for a!iy
communication. The model was exhibited at the meeting
of the Royal Scottish Society of Arts, on 15th November,
1837, after previous experiments throughout the year, to
test the practicability and efficiency of the plan, made
through a metallic circuit of four miles in the chemistry
clufls-room of the Univei-sity of Edinbui^h. It is believed
by the inventor to be the first definite plan for an electro-
magnetic telegraph ever shown in operation before the
public or a scientific society. In 1837, the applicability of
electro -magnetism to telegraphic purposes was matter of
doubt and uncertainty, and the object of the inventor
was to solve the problem by apparatus of the most simple
456
Class 10.— PHILOSOPHICAL, MUSICAL, HOROLOGICAL,
NoBTH, North Cektbal, and South Central Gallebies.
[United
coustruotiou, and which might lead to future improve-
ments. The perfection to which electric telegraphs have
since arrived, their superiority over all other methods for
conveying intelligence between distant places, and their
inconceivable importance and utility, are now well known
and established, and are justly considered one of the
wonders of the ago. The following cut represents this
early telegraph ; —
A
Alexuidei's Electric Telegraph,
A is a voltaic battery ; B, a trough filled with mer-
cury; C, a wire connecting the zinc plate in the battery
with the trough of mercury; D, the return wire con-
nected with the copper plate of the battery; E, a key to
be pressed down by the finger of the operator, like the
key of a pianoforte; F, is a pendant wire which dips into
the mercury when the key is depressed, and completes
the circuit formed by the vrires C and D, extending from
one terminus of the telegraph to the other.
Q is the distant dial upon which the whole letters of
the alphabet and stops are marked. These are not seen
when the magnetic needles — poised horizontally in free
space behind the dial — are in their natural position of
North and South, with screens or veils marked V,
attached to each of their North poles, and concealing the
letters, but when the circuit is completed by the depression
of the key E, the corresponding magnetic needle is
deflected to the West, and exposes, aa at K, the letter
previously concealed. Thirty copper wires and a return
wire extend from the keys to the magnetic needles.
A metalUc rod may be advantageously substituted for
the trough of mercury below the keys.
427 Reid, Wm., 25 Universit;/ Street, Bedford Square-
Inventor, Patentee, and Manufacturer.
Pair of electric-telegraph instruments, adapted for
hotels, &c. ; the same adapted for public companies, &o. ;
domestic telegraph, adapted for dressing-rooms, &c. Sea
the following cuts: —
Reld'i Electric Telegraphs.
All electrical apparatus for ringing bells in large man-
sions, brought into instantaneous action by pulling a
cord or lever; and capable of performing at the distance of
50 miles, with as much ease and rapidity as at 50 yards.
KlMODOM.]
AND SURGICAL INS'IRUMENTS.
North, North Central, and South Centrai, Gai.i.eries.
457
Electric-telegraph inatrument, for the purpose of con-
veying general intelligence over the country.
Specimens of insulated wire, for submarine electric
telegraphs ; specimens taken from the English Channel,
used in the electric telegraph between Dover and Cape
Orinez, near Calais.
428 Henley, William Thomas, 46 St. John's Street Road,
Ciorkenwell — Inventor and Manufacturer.
Large pennanent horse-shoe magnet, weighing 6i o^vt.
Patent electric telegraphs, worked by the magneto-
electric current.
Fig. 1.
Henley's Magneto-Electric Machine
Magneto-electric machine, illustrating the application
of the electric cuiTent derived from magnets, to the pur-
poses of electro-chemical decomposition, electro-metal-
lurgy, &c.
The telegraphs have been tested in the worst insulated
line in the country, during the most unfavourable weather,
and found to work any distance that it was possible to try
them, without any diminution of their power. Working
without the aid of a voltaic battery, they are always ready
for use, without any preparation or expense. Fig. ) repre-
I sents the telegraph with its cover, as in use; flg. 2, the
i same with its cover removed, each consists of two parts,
one for producingelectricity, the otherfor receiving it,
and indicating the signals; the parts of each telegraph
are alike. The first part consists of two compound
bar magnets A A, the ends of each being capped with
soft iron, to bring the influence of all the plates to any
particular point. B B, two armatures, wound with
fine-covered copper wire, each placed on a separate
axis, and moved by the levers C C, seen projecting
through the case in fig. 1 ; the onds of the wire are
carried from the armature through the pieces of ivory
in the axle to the wood base, and from thence to the
distant instrument, every motion of the lever and
armature producing a current of electricity, the down-
ward motion giving a cun'ent in one direction, and the
upward motion a cuiTent in the opposite. The second
part of the apparatus consists of a dial, containing
the alphabet and certain marks coiTesponding to the
motions of the needles ou. the face of the dials; for
instance, opposite the letter A is seen a single mark
inclining to the left, signifying one motion of the
left-hand needle; the letter B, two mai'ks; letter C,
three marks, signifying three motions of the some
needle; the letter D, one mark to the right; E, two;
and F, three; G, one right and one left ; L, one
left; and once both needles together, and so on.
Under the dial are placed two electro-magnets D D,
each having four poles, forme;! by two semicirculai'
pieces of iron with a magnetic needle, suspended
freely within, placed on the same axis as the corre-
sponding needle, or pointer, seen on '-he dial. The
downward motion of the lever deflects the coitc-
— ~^ spondiug needles of all the instiTiments that may be
./y^ included in the circuit, as well as its own; the needles
remain so, until the lever is allowed to return by
the force of the spring E, when the needles all re-
turn to their position, and this taking place vrith
certainty, although the instruments may be at any
distance.
X Je current obtained from the apparatus represented in
fig. 3 is very powerful, and capable of producing electi-o-
chemical decomposition, and all the efifects obtained from
a powerful voltaic battery. The howe-shoe magnet A,
with the : evolving armature B, formed of hoop-iron, is
placed on the mahogany case C, and the whole fixed on
the iron framework, on which is suspended the large
wheel and treadle, for giving motion to the armature by
the pulley D ; the magnet has soft caps, and is arranged
the same as the telegraph, so that the poles of the mag-
net are always connected with some part of the iron of the
armature, and by that means it always retains its power.
The two springs E E rub on the breakpiece F, which
is so arranged that the current flows in one direction;
the knob G moves a slide to divert the cun-eut to the
mercury cup H for showing the spark ; the cam I
moves the point on the spnng in and out; the other knob
is to make a shock with the two terminals L L.
Electro-magnet capable of sustaining, when excited,
4 tons; the sphere of attraction extends much further by
being made of iron hooping.
Large steel permanent magnet, weighing Gi cwts.,
capable of sustaining about 1 ton.
[The received theoiy of magnetism is, that the attracting
power of the bar of steel, which we call a magnet, is due
to the circulation of electric currents ai-ound the bai-. It
was discovered by Fai'aday, that when a metallic mass is
ill
488
Class 10.— PHILOSOPHICAL, MUSICAL, HOROLOGICAL,
North, North Central, and South Central Galleries.
I fxiTK
KD
moved in proximity to the poles, a current ia induced in
it: upon this principle magneto-electric machines are con-
structed. Tiie soft iron armature, or keeper of the per-
manent magnet, is fixed on an axle, which is made to re-
volve by some mechanical contrivance, so that a continued
and rapid reversal of its polos takes place. By this alone
a magneto-electric disturbance ia effected ; but for the
purpose of accumulating the force, coils '^f copper-wire are
fixed on the armature, and every time they approach or
leave the poles of the magnet in the course of rotation, an
induced current passes through the wire, and the reversal
being extremely rapid, thoiigh the current is only instan-
taneous, the result is what may be regarded as an unin-
terrupted strenm of electricity.
The magneto-elootric machine was firat employed for
tele^n^phic purposes, by Professor 'Vhoatstone. The
battery is however usually prefen-ed in this country, —
R. H.]
429 Brett, Jacob, & John, 2 Hanover Square—
Patentees and Proprietors.
1. An electric printing telegraph, which, by the aid of
a single wu-e only, prints in Roman (or other) letters,
with the cei-tainty of action, and under the control of the
distant correspondent ; it is worked either by galvanic or
magnetic electricity, and controlled by hydraulic or
atmospheric regulators, combining also a signal bell.
Pizo, 12 inches by 7 inches, height 12 inches.
2. Similar telegraph with additions for registering in
duplicate, indicating by dials or 8igni\l bells ; by the
same simple means and certainty of action. Size, 12 inches
by 8 inches, height 12 inches.
3. The communicator, or corresponding apparatus, by
means of which any one may at lirst sight print commu-
nications at a distant station ; the opening and shutting
at the commencement and close of a coiTespondence by
its action, taking, or giving the electric current, from or
to the main line. Size, 4 inches by 4 inches, 2 incheti
deep.
4. A similai" one, with {)ianoforte arrangement; the
touching of the keys with the finger acting on the main
wu'o, and printing the reijuired or corresponding letter
at thn distant station.
.'). Commimicator, adapted iis a pocket apparatus for
guards of railway ti-ains, for conuniuiicating with distant
stations on the instant of an uccideut. Si;:e, 3 inches by
3 inches, 2 inches deep.
(J. A circuit regulator for the absolute control of any
number of stiitious from one given point, by the aid of an
inde|)endent wire. Size, 3 inches l)y 34 inches.
7. A portion of the experimental wire passed along the
bottom of the channel in August last, when messages
were printed by this telegraph from England to France,
preparatory to the great undertaking now in progress,
which, by the aid of eight permanently-protected wires,
will, it is expected, in June next, place Ureat Britain in
constant and instantaneous communication with all the
great capitals of Europe.
8. Specimens of an iron protecting cable for enclosing
the covered submarine wireH, where great strength is
i-equired. (Invented by Thos. W. B. Brett.)
9. Electric bells for division signals in the new Houscfi
of Parliament, by which any number may be brought
under instantaneous control.
1 0. Specimens of the printing executed at 200 miles
distance.
1 1 . The grants of Louis Philippe aud Louis Napoleon
to the Messrs. Brett, for the exclusive privilege of' f sta-
blishing electric communication between Fmnce and
England.
This printing telegi-aph effects all the pm-poses of tele-
graphic communication by a single wire only; printing
in Roman, or other letters, recording in duplicate with the
rapidity of a compositor, indicating by dials, or signalising
by bells. The telegraphs in general use formerly re-
quired 8 or 5 wires for vibrating the single or double
needles only, and an independent wire in all cases for n
single bell.
It requires but a single wire, and no attendants for
watching, copying, or transcribing.
If adapted, at a Qeneml Office in London, for the recep-
tion of correspondence from all parts of Europe, during
the night when the offices are closed, and no attendant
present, the whole of the communications of the night
from the different capitals of Europe, will, on the arrival
of the attendants in the momiu^, be found accurately
printed ; and during the day, a signal bell will announce
whtn, and from where, a comm\mication had been made,
requiring attention only to reply to it.
For sending a communication, it is required only to
move the hand or strike the key of either of the com-
municators, Nos. 3, 4, ,5, by which a current of electricity
is sent throuigh the wire to the distant station, bringing'
into action tlie given or required letter on the periphery
of a wheel, which instantly mipresses itself on part of an
endless scroll of paper, rolling printed from an apertuie
in the instrument, as the shocks or cun-ents of electricity
are conveyed by the action on the corresponding lettorM
of the distant communicator.
The telegraph i3 comparatively self-supplying ui, the
colouring or printing material requires renewal only once
a month, according to regulation.
[The insulation of the wires for submarine electric
communication is efiected by covering them with gutta
percha. They are covered in the following manner: a
mass of gutta pei-cha in a soft state is contained within
a cylinder, and being acted upon by a piston, is driven out
through a small die, in the centre of which is the wire.
The latter being slowly di'awn fonvard, becomes sur-
rounded with an uniform, covering of gutta percha, tlie
thickness of which varies with the diameter of the die-liole
through which it is compressed. The coated wire U then
drawn through a trough of cold water and wound on a
drum. Its insulation is afterwards tested bj' passing an
electric cui'rent through it while under water, aud olt-
serving the deflection, or rather the absence of the deflec-
tion, of a magnetic needle. — R. E.]
430 Waijier, C. v., Tmhrid'jc — Inventor.
Insulation of telegi'aph wires, exhibited as i/( >!tH on a
polo-head, and detached on the table. The eartlienwmi!
cone by which the telcgi-aph wire is suspended i.s no
shaped that the point of contact with the wire is small, is
sheltered, and is fai- from the pole. The shacklo frame
u.;oii for insulating the wire at winding-posts i.s glazed
iron ; and its earthen cylinders are so constructed as to
give a gi'oat length of insulating material.
Insul.ition of telegraph wires in tunnels, exhibited as
in actual use. The wire is covered with gutta percI'M ''y
Mr. T. Foster's patent proco,sa, and is placed in gi jved
boards, pi-epared with varnish, and fixed against the
tuiniel walls.
[Mr. Forster's process of .:;overing telegraphic wires is us
follows: — The gum, after being cleared, is msvcerattd by
.^tc.ani machinery in a heated iron vessel. It is thence
transfeiTe<l, lump by lump, to a pair of heated grooved
rollers, between which it is pivssed and pressed into
solid cylinders three or four feet in length. It is now
ready for the covering machine to which it is ciu'ried, and
where it ia used while waim .ind soft. This machine
consists of two jmir of hollow polished iron flapping
rollers, heated, as occasion requires, by steam, and of a
pair of small grooved cutting rollers. The cutting roUera
vary both in the number and the size of the groove.'',
according to the character of covering required. Tiie
wire employed in the tunnels on the South-Eastern
Railway, and which are under the superintendence of
Mr. Walker, in No. 10 co,iper, and is covered by Ki;(
grooved rollers, sis wires being covered at one operation.
Kingdom.]
AND SUllGICAL INSTRUMENTS,
North, North Cemthal, and Houth Centhai. Gai.i.kries.
The diameter of the wire, with its 'overing, being one-
fourth of an inch. The two pairs of flatting rollers are
placed one over the other, with a small interval between
them. The six wires traverse the interval between the
two pairs of flatting rollei-s, and pass between the six
grooved cutting rollers with one of the sheets of gutta
percha above them and another below, and appear on the
other side as a perfect band of six covered wires. They
are pulled apart when single wires are required, or left
undisturbed when required in a band. — J. G.]
Moveable studs, fitted to Cooke and Whcatstone's
electric telegraph, to counteract deflections of the needle
ansing from meteorological phenomena. When the
needles are deflected by extraneous causes, so as to touch
the ivory studs, or stops, the latter are to be moved in
the direction of the denection, until they are again made
equidistant.
Compound needle, consisting of aeveral small needles
seoiired on an ivory disc.
Bell transferrer, an ebony cylinder so inl?id withbrafu
and combined with springs as to transfer ihe telegraph
bell to the up or the down side of an intermudiato
station, aocorcUng as that station is tdlUing uown or up
the line.
Let A B C be a telegraph wire of any length, having
instruments at A, B and C; B being the intermediate
Btation, and havinj; the bell and the needle on the said
wire. If the bell is so conniiCted aa to be on the A side
ABC
D D U
of the needle at station B, when B and C are in commu-
nication, it is required to transfer it to the C side, when
A and B are in communication ; so that while B talks to
A, with the rest of the line cut off, he can heai: if C rings;
or while he talks to C, he can hear if A rings.
This effect is produced, by selecting some convenient
place inside the instrument for dividing the wires, and
placing springs at these spots. These springs, six in
number, press, three above and three below, on brass
laid in the ebony cylinder, visible on the left dde of the
instrument.
When the word up, on the stud in front of the instru-
ment is vertical, the springs arc connected in pairs, as
1, 2; 3, 4; 5, G. When the word up is horizontal, the
springs are connected in pairs, as 1, 4; 5, 3; 2, G, thus
transferring the bell to the other side of the needle.
The same operation that tran.sfers the bell to the C side
of B, cuts off the (J half of the line, by the other springs
not concerned in this description.
Branch double turn-plate, being a box-wood cylinder,
so inlaid with brosa ivnd combined with springs as to
enable a junction station to put a branch line of telegraph
in communication wth either direction of the main line;
and completing a perfect cii-cuit for the other portion of
the main line.
Lightning conductors, for telegraph A\ires, shown in situ
aa fitted in telegi'-ijli ofBces, and sho\ra on the table in
jiarts.
Graphite battery ; a common sand batteiy, charged with
diluted acid, but having the negative plate constructed
of slices of cori'osiou from gas retorts, instead of copper.
Such batteries last longer than the others, there being
no salt of copper present to produce action on the zinc.
Up and do\vn ringing key, a contrivance for sending
the electrio force from an intermediate station to ring
bells in the required direction only ; the appai-atus when
at rest constituting part of a complete circuit.
432 The British Electric Telegraph Company.
Saward, George, Secretary.
Hig'iton's patent electric telegraphs and apparatus.
Printing telegi'aph, adapted to one or two wires ; another
by which any one of 26 symbolical characters is printed
by a single t.^iich of a key.
Morse's arrangement of telegraph, worked by secondary
power.
Telegraph for showing the letters of the alphabet in-
stantly, by the touch of a single key ; with a revolving
pointer and a revolving diac.
Series of indicating and pointing telegraphs, worked by
various descriptions of coils, and steel magnets; and by
coils acting on soft iron.
Series of telegi-aphic alarums, worked by electro-mag-
netism, excited in the metal nickel; also by coils and
magnets, and b^ coils and soft iron.
Lightning extractors, for extracting from the wires of
a telegraph, charges of atmospheric electricity.
Arrangements for telegi-apu posts, Hy means of which
a great saving may be effected in the consiruction of
electric telegraphs.
Specimens of wires for a submarine telegraph, pro-
tected by means of a covering of vrire cable.
[Electric telegi-aphs admit of a great variety r f mecha-
nical arrangements, by which the modes of signalling
are modified. In all, tho electric current does the work;
in some, by deflecting the uuignetie needle directly, and
in -thvi's, by inducing magnetism in soft iron, the force
of which acti upon some clock-like ajrangement, and
thus, by a nr'.ehanical contrivance, gives the required
signal. Most printing telegi-aphs are of the latter cha-
racter. In some, when connexion is made and broken
with the battery, electro-chemical decomposition is effected
at the oj)i)osite end of a line ; in others, letters iictually
inked by mechanical means are made by the induced
magnet to print, by being pressed on paper. In this
series those several viu-ieties are shown.
The specimens of wire for a submarine telegi-aph nve de-
si;;ned to overcome the action of breakers, which proved
fatal to the telegraph across the Chamiel, than which
nothing otherwise could be more successful ; if the wires
can be buried deejj enough in the sandn to place thorn
below the breaker action, there would be no (Hfficulty
in communicating readily with the Continent. — R. H.]
433 Bakewell, Frei>. Collier, G IliirersUick Terrace,
Jliimpstcdol — Inventor and Patentee.
Patent copying electric telegraph, for transmitting fac-
similes of the handwriting of correspondents, so that
their signatures may be identified. Its objects are,
authentication of communications, increased means of
secresy, rapidity of action, and economy, as it requires
only a single wire.
The transmitting and the receiving instruments ai-o
counterparts of each other. Trains of v Jieels impelled
by weights are employed to impart equal movements to
cylindei-s cm each instrument. Screws placed parallel to
tile cylinder, and rotating with them, serve to carrj' metal
styles, which press lightly on the cylinders, from end to
end. The metal styles ai-e insulated by being attached
to ivory arms connected with brass nuts that traveree on
the screws. One of the poles of the voltaic battery is
connected with the cylinder of each instrument; the
other pole of the battery is connected with the metal
styles, so that the electric current may pass from tha
styles to the cylinders. Tho message to be transmitted
is'written on tin-foil with a pen dipped in sealing-wax
vaniish, and it is placed on the transmitting cylinder.
When the instrument is set in motion, the metal style
presses on the writing as the cylinder revolves by
which means the electric cii-cuit is broken every time
that the vaniish interposes. Up' o the cylinder oi i,he
receiving instrument, paper, moistt-iaed wi' 1' an acidulated
solution of pnissiate of potass, is plfu;ed, and '.he metal
style employed being a pieci if steel wire, 'iie electro-
chemical decomposition that occurs wheneve- the electrio
current passes, produces a lino of Pi'ussiar blue on the
paper. If there were no vamish-\vriting to interrupt the
electric current, the revolution of the cylinder, and the
gi-adual advance of the marking point by the screw, would
draw a number of continuous blue lines spirally on the
paper, but bo close together aa to appear parallel. The
460
Class 10.— PHILOSOPHICAL, MUSICAL, HOROLOGICAL,
North, North Ckntrai,, and South Central Uai.lkries.
r Unitek
i
interruptioiu, however, caused by the intei'pogition of
the varniah-writing on the transmittiiig cylinder, brenk
the eleutric circuit in those points, and cause a cessation
of marking whilst the style is passing over each letter.
As the style traverses several times over each line of
writing, the successions of intemiptinns, by corresponding
with the forms of the letters, produce an exact copy of
whatever is written or drawn on the tin-foil message; the
writing appearing of a pale colour on i> ground of closely-
drawn blue lines.
The regulation of the separate instruments, so that
they may rotate exactly together, is effected by an
electro-magnet or electro-mngnets brought into action by
local voltaic batteries. When a single wire only is usecf,
oontctst with the local voltaic batteries of the electro-
magnets is mode and broken by pendulums, each instru-
ment having a penduluni in connexion with it; by which
means the electro-magnets act at regular and quickly-
succeeding intervals. Levers, attached to the armatures
of the magnets press against eccentric v heels fixed upon
one of t'ae arbors of each instrument, and retard the
motion jf the mechanism so long as they bear against
them. The instruments are thus regulated at every beat
of thd j«ndulums by having their speed retarded. The
def^i'ee o.' retardation depends on the amount of weight
ar^plied to impel the cylin' ers; care being taken that the
ungo^emed speed should be always somewhat greater
than it is ^uquu-ed to be, to ullow for the regulating
action. When there are two wires employed, the re-
gulation of the instruments L'lay be effectet^ >vithout
]>eudulums by bringing the rej.-ulatiug uiu*fjiuC of one
iustrument into action by a \uake-aud-l)ii>i»k coutiict-
wbeel fixed on to a corre'>'X)r.ding orbor of the other
instrument. To assist in adjusting two distant instni-
mcnts, a "guide line" is employed, which consists
merely of a strip of paper placed perpe.-idicularly to the
lines of writing on the transmitting instrument. Whtu
the corresponding instruments are set in motion, tLe
interruptions of the elei'^rie c;M-ent by the guide line
indicate ox^ictly, u?i tht pp (ler of the reeeivisig ii strument,
how much faster or sl(!v\er the transmitting instrument
is moving; and by adding or taking oil' weights at the
receiving instruraout, its average sjieed may be adjusted
to that of the transmitting on^, so that the marks or gaps
in each successive lino drawn on the paper may fall
under each other. When the instruments are regulated
by pendulums, the guide-line serves t^ show whether
they are beating together; und thus affords the means of
adjusting them with great accuracy. The following cut
shows the teligi-aph: —
IkkpHeU')! Cjiiyiii): IClwlru' 'iVli i;\:,i|)li.
(f, the cylinder of one of the instruments; 6, the metal
stylo, connected by the wire </, with one pole of the
voltuio battery; o, the ivorvarm to which the metal style
is attached, and which iusulutus the style from the screw;
c, the screw on which the style tiMvei-ses an the cylinder
revolves; </, cog wheels to turn the screw; e, a fan to
regulate the speed of the instrument; /, the impelling
weight; h, the wire connected with the distant mstru-
ment.
The copying electric telegraph is uot yet in operation;
but il4 practicability bus been successfully tested by the
transmission of messages to and from different stations of
the Klectric Telegraph Company, with the experimental
instruments exhibited.
Cj// r// / r '/r/.r (J III fill
This figure represents the character of the printing
effected by thih telegraph.
434 Bain, Alexander, Beevor Lwlje, Ilummersmith—
Inventor.
Patent electric clocks, suitable for h:dls of manaious,
oiHoea, steeples, &c., kept in action by a small galvunic
battery, or the electricity of the earth.
Time-ball, to be discharged by electricity sent by an
onlinnrv regulntor clock.
Pair uf electro-chemical telegraphs, stated to be capable
of transmitting and recording communications at the mte
of 1000 letters, or even 1000 words, per minute.
Patent electro-chemical copying telegraph, said to be
capable of copying any figure, such as profiles, auto-
graphs, stenography, &c.
Patent electric telegraph, for printing all the lettere of
the alphabet in the Roman character.
[The copying telegi-aph referred to, depends for its
principle upon the decomposition of certain chemical
substances placed on pnper, by means of the electric
current ti-ansmitted through the wires. — R. E.]
43
French, William Henry, Cardiff, Wales—
Inventor.
.lydraulic printing telegraph, enabling one pei'soii
simultaneously to print telegraphic communications at
different distaJnt stations or towns.
"Hydro-fluid" distributor, or water, telegraph, gns, and
fire-engine controller, for forming a communication with
tt-.iy particular station or town ; or any number of stations
or towns connected with thi; hydraulic telegraph, and for
the control of gas, water, and vapour service pipes.
Electric printing telegraph, similar to the former, but
altered and improved.
Klectric telegraph turn-plates, for changing the wires
and circuits fivnii main to branch I'uos and -he veivCi.
Portfolios, for filing newsjOTpa's, [leriodic.Js, music,
manuMcripts, lettei-s, bills, receipts, &c.
436 Derino, O. E., Lockley's Wvlvi/n, Herts—
Inventor and Patentee.
Electric telegi'aph apfiaratus, illustrative of a vuiiety uf
improvements.
437 Meinio, Charles Ludovic Auoustcs,
lOU Leailenliall titreet—Agont.
Portable galvanic battery of I'jo foments, occupying
the space of 12 cubic inches. Clock >\oi-k, for making and
1 ireakiiig contact. Patent portable galvanic chain battery,
of 'J-l elements.
Portable interniptor for this chain. Iiiveiitv I >>y Mr. T.
|j. I'ulvermaoher.
KiNonoM.]
AND SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS.
North, Nohth Central, and South Central Galleries.
461
ter of the printing
c, Hammersmith—
otricity sent by mi
Jg all the letters of
vent.. 1 hgr Mr. T.
4;I8 Edward!). John Uakkr, Liverpool — Producer and
Miuiitfiicturer.
Series of glniia retorts, bonkers, evaporating basins, and
other glass and porcelain vessels for chemical purposes,
electro-coppered. Vessels thus coated accelerate solution
and dilitillation, and require a minimum of heat to con-
duct these processes, while the copper conducting the
heat equably over the surface of the glass, preserves it
from fracture and unequal expansion, and at the same
time protects it ft'om external casualties. The cut repre-
sents several of these vessels.
I'Mwatili' Copp«r-coveru>l Glass Apparatus.
[Tlie covering of glass and porcelain vessels with copper
was first exhibited at the French Exposition in 1844.
These vessels excited gi-eat curiosity, and occasioned much
perplexing speculation na to the mode of their production.
The coating of metal was applied in bo smooth, perfect,
and uniform a manner, as to render it evident that none
of the ordinary methods of metallurgy had been adopted
in their manufacture. These vessels were coated by elec-
trotype process, and similar apparatus is now mode for
chemical purposes in England. The surface of the glass
or porcelain is first varnished, then brushed over with
bronze-powder, in order to form a conducting surface on
which to deposit the copper, and the vessel ia then placed
in the decomposition-cell, in connexion with a battery.
In a few days the whole external surface is covered with
bright metallic copper. — II. E.]
438a Rundell, W. W., Fnlmouth — Inventor and
Manufacturer.
Carbonized cast-iron magnet. The cast iron is car-
bonized with pruBsiate of potash and oil, and is hardened
and tempered, by which the mngnet is improved at a
small expense.
Impressions and specimens of seals, executed by ma-
chinery.
439 Hkarder, J. N., 34 aei>r<je Strirt. Plymouth —
Inventi.r and Mnnufacttirer.
Cast-iron compound horse-shoe permanent magnet, ap-
plicable to purposes rtMiuiring higii magnetic power. The
application of cast iron in new. This magnet consists
of ■-'4 plates, '2 inches wide, ^ij of an inch thick, cnst in
tlui form of a horsfo-shoe, which is llij inches long from
the poles to the outnide of the bend ; the pules ar" i ', inches
luf vindcr, and the inHi<le of the bend ISJ inches wide. The
'-'4 platoh weigh about 7'Jlbs., and are fastened together
witii throo bolts and n>its. Tl\e jioles are capped witli
ca.st iron, whicli concentrates the umgnctie power in an ex-
traordinary manner. The oi>nstniction is very simple:
the bars are ciwt from No. 1 i)!^ iron as hard aa green
sand can n\nke them, oud they require no preparation to
adopt them for magnetization. The soft-iron caps render
the grinding of the poles unnecessary. The attractive
power of the magnet ia acarcely inferior to that of a steel
magnet of the same dimensions, whilst the economy in
construction is nearly aa 4 to 1; the cast-iron magnet
weighing 72 lbs., lifts 140 lbs.
Powerful horse-shoe steel magnet, of 100 plates, adapted
for purposes requiring high magnetic power. It weighs
about 39 lbs., and will support nearly 250 lbs. with a
round-faced keeper.
[The Rev. Dr. Scoresby appears to have been the first
to employ thin sheet steel for the conatruction of powerful
permanent magnets. His idea being that, as magnetism
appeared to reside principally on the surface of the metal,
by multiplying the number of surfaces, the power of the
compound bar would be increased. Mr. Hearder, many
years since, constructed powerful magnets from cast iron,
and was certainly the first to use that material for the
purpose ; and the power which can be induced is certainly
very great vrith the soft-iron caps.— R. H.]
Medico -galvanic apparatus, with graduated regulator,
employeu to administer galvanic electricity. Ita improved
construction consists in the proper adjustment of the
length and thickness of the generating or primary coil
to the electro-motive force of the battery, by which the
battery -surface ia much reduced, and a higher amount of
magnetism produced in the iron core.
440 Joule, James Prescott, P.R.S., Acton Square,
Salfnrd — Inventor.
Electro-magnet, constructed of a plate of well -annealed
wi'ought iron, tapered to the poles. The iron is rendered
magnetic by transmitting the voltaic electricity through the
bundle of copper wires (fifty yards long, and weighing one
hundredweight) with which it ia enveloped. Armature
to the same.
Pair of tapered armatures, to concentrate the magnetic
force when the electro-magnet is excited by a feeble
voltaic current, and to direct the magnetic action to any
required object.
ffl
i
4II'J
C1.AHS 10.-lMIII,OaoniICAL, musical, IIOIIOUHIICAT,,
NouTii, NouTii Ckstkai., and South Ckntkal 1)ai.i.ki«iks.
[Unitud
Surfiui« eloctrt)-niiigtiet, oiinHUtiiiK of n tlituk piece of
wrouxht iron, tiiivuiii|)u<l liy n buiuilo of copier wiitM.
Artiintiiru to thu itaiiiu. A battery of inoiluriito power
proiluoeM mioh w iMiwerful Httrivotion between tlie eleutro-
initgiiet aiitl itM nnuuture, tliiit i\ wviKht of iiioro than one
ton liiw tu be applied in order to dmw tliem luiuuder.
[The |Hiculiiu-ity of the former eleutro-niuKtiet, wliieh in
iulnpted for diiuuAKnutie ox|)erinientM, tlie uinKneti/ntion of
Bteet li.krH, &l'., conMixti* in the ^retit uoui|NtnktivM breadth
of the iron uoro, by ineutiM of wliioh the fvdl elFeot of tlie
ooilH of wire im Hemirod, even in tlie coMe of their bein^
removed to the distance of one or two inclicH from tiie
aiirfiMje of the iron. The form of irim iwlopted lulmitM of
A nitich greater qiiiuitity of electixi-inoKnetic coili*, niid
oouHetpiently of a mucli gi'ontor niaKi>etic efTeot, than
can be obtaiue<i fi\in> the iiNual cylindrical Rliajio.
The |ieculiarity of the latter, or Hurfouo electro-mitgnet
(which Im the flrHt of the kind ever oouHtrueted), coiiNiMtM
in the comiMuntiveiy grvnxt Aiirfitoe of contact which it
pruMontM to itx armature. The principle of itx construction,
and of timt of othera of itn cIum Hiibrtutiiiently con8tructe<l
by the exhibitor and other )NvrtieH, iit derived from the
law of electro-mikKuetic action diMUovore<l by the exhibitor,
viz., that the miuinuim attractive power of an electit)-
mitf^net for itx armature i* about .'100 IbH. for each mpmre
inch of tranverae mection of the moKtietio cii-cuit.J
441 Waite, Qbobub, 2 OU tUnUHiUm Wct'.'^— Inventor.
Eloctro-gidvanic apparatuH for the teeth, furnished
with a platinum point, safety key, elevators, forco]>g, and
other iustrumeuta used in duiitiu surgery.
Set of teeth with gold jewelled blocks or niasticitors.
Sets of electro-gilded teeth, iittod with novel blocks for
mastication.
Six other pieces, with potu'l blocks and plates.
453
444 Wi»TMoKKi.ANi>, John, />f<-'i,v- Designer.
Patent gutta-itercha electricid mochiue.
446 Ghekn, SaMUKI., 7 Ih-lmH lloir, Old Stivet —
Manufactiu'er.
Vario\is compasses luul sun-dials. Damp detectors.
Angle-meters. Ivory circular thormometci-s with compiuis
or magnetic suu-dial. Miners' couipuss, with siglits, &u.
450 Weight, Samvkl, 14 lUo-tm street, C/ielten/mm —
Inventor and Mauufucturcr.
Model of a mitcliine for expelling tire-damp out of coal-
pit*, and foul air out of wells, brewery vats, or other
places where they collect. Provisionally rogistorei^.
451 Palster, W. v., SM,ie>:i Twrni Producer.
Electrotyi)es, aud engravings fronv electrotypes.
452 Crichtos, John, 112 LemlenlmU Street —
Manufacturer.
Solid arch sextant, with iujprovod reflector to vernier;
double-limb sextant; 4-inch sextant; box sextant; eiKist-
surveying sextant, ils made for the Trinity yacht <; ebony
sextant.
Qiiiulrimts, plain, and with tivngent screw to index, and
with tangent screws tf) index aud bori/.oii. Quadrants
with spring vertical adjustment, and with two ami tlnco
b.i.k shades to horizon. Quadrant, with handle, tele-
scii] OS, anil mahogany case, divided to :U> seconds.
-Azi'.auth compass, prismatic, lai-ge and t-mall sizes.
Sympii'someter; marine l>aromet«r; artificial horizon,
with iron bottle luid improved iron trough.
Gravatfs levels, bronzed ami bright; ."i-iuch theodolite.
Naval telescopes, ,t feet and J feet, with signals. Achro-
matic ui^ht-glass ; day or night telescope; gunner's
quaditiut with level ; giumcr's callipers, large and small ;
and sliell callipers, for side and bottom, as made for the
Honourable Ea,st India t'lunpany.
Knioiit, UniHUR, & Sonr, Fu»ttr t.mt—
MunufiuiturerH.
Commercial chemical cabinet,
Urino-ehemical chest, containing all tho instriununtii
luid re-agents noeessiu'y fur u chemico-puthologieal exa-
mination; tlesigned by Dr. Venables.
I'ortable universal chemical furnace, on the princi|j|(inf
Dr. Phtck. It i.i constructed of stout sheet-iron, lint>il
with lire-bricks; It is suited fur tho reduction and nsniiy
of metallic ores, oupvllation of tho precious metals, ilis-
tillutions uf overy kind, decompositions uf sulMtaiices hy
passing them thiiuigh heated media, and for nearly evei'v
oiHuiktion for which a furnace is reipiii-ed. Witli saiul-
baths, stonpei's, crucibles, inuHles, tongs, &c.; also an
improved liood by the aid uf which noxious fumes ariHiui;
frmu ova|iomtions |)uss i-eiulily intu tho flue of the furiineo.
Portable assay fuiliaco and apiHirntus, udupted for tliii
use of milling comiHmies.
Various blowpiiKiM, and blowpi|>o apparatus, fur tlie
oxaminatiun of minemls on a small scale.
Patent impruved air-pump by which a good vacuum can
bo obtainoti in a short time, Invented by Mr. ('. \S .
SiemeiiH. The air-pump consists of two cylinders ditferiii^
in magnitude, of which thu smaller is on tho top of tliu
larger, while thu valvud pistons belonging to each respwi
ively, aro attached to the same piston-rod. Tlie air
withdiawii from the receiver or other vessel intended to
bo exhausted is condensed in the upiier ovlindor into oiiu-
fourth i>art of its original volume, and, cunseijuuntly,
always |>osnessos suHlcieiit elasticity to jxtss through thu
dischiu-ging valve and osca|)o into thu atmos|)here, thu
op[Misiug pressure of which on that valve is thus couiitui'-
octod in a novel manner.
Plato electric machine, on Woodward's arrangonieiit,
(jalviuiic battery; Professor Danieirsarrongeiuent, con-
sisting of a series of six cells; each cell ccmiprises aciiijivr
cylindrical vessel, to be tilled with a solution of sidplmtu
of copiHir; in tho centre is a porous tubu containing aii
amalgamated eiuc rod, imd tilleil with dilute sulphuric
acid.
Ualvanic liattery; Profc-wor Groves' arrangement, con-
sisting of a series of six colls, each cell being a glims
vessel containing an amalgamated zinc plato, to lie tilled
with dilute sulphuric acid, having in the centre a tint
porous cell containing a i)latiiiuni ]>late, and tilled witli
nitric acid.
Galvanic battery; Alfred Smee's arrangement, consisting
of a series of six colls, each cell being a glass vessel to
contain dilute sulphuric acid; to eac'i cell is titted a pla-
tiniseil silver plate, having on each side of it an aniui};a-
mated zinc plato; tho whole of these plates being con-
nected in series to one rod or bar, they can bo uiulily
raised from or lowered into the exciting liipiid.
Galvanic battery; Maynooth arnuigemcnt, consisting of
a series of ten cells, each cell being a cast-iron trough to
lie filled with dilute nitric acid, in the centre of which i.s
a porous cell containing an amalgamated zinc ]>latc, and
chiu'ged with dilute sulphuric acid.
Galvanic battery, for telegraph purposes ; the cells
formed of gutta pcrcha, filled with sand saturated with
dilute sulplnu'ic acid; each cell cuutAiniug a copper ami
amalj^amated zinc plate.
Working model of an electro-magnetic motive engine,
being a modification of Dr. Ritchie's arriuigomoiit.
Working moilol of an eloctro-niagiiotic motive engine,
being i uioditicaticm of liain's arrangement.
Improved dectro-iuagnetic coil machine, with cou-
ductoi-s, &c., for medical purposes.
Larger and more powerful instrument, in which the
primary or secondary current ciui bo api)lie<l, with two
batteries, w.iter-rcgulator, coiiductoi-s, &c.
AiTangenient of tho coil machine, consisting of a pri-
mary and secondary coil in a vertical position. Contact
is hrokcii and renewed by the rotation of n soft iron-biu'
mounted bi'tween two biiws pillain, situated immediately
over the axis of the coil in which is plivced a bundle of
iron wires. The electric curiout from the battery passes
through one of the braxs pillars, and tho a.\is currying
the iron-bar; contact is broken and renewed by a suiuU
KlSOWtM.l
AND SUHUKJAL INHTUUMKNTH.
NOIITII, NoHTII CKNTRAI., ANU HoUTII OkNTHAI, OAM.KlllKri.
468
lit Hhoot-lniii, liiic<<|
lino, with eon-
nlutlnuiii point flxwl to the Hpimlle, dipping, an it ruvolv<M,
III luiil out of Momo iiiuroury iiIh«o(1 in n uup iiiuuiitod ou a
lii'iinH piihir, tlirouKli wliluh tliu oiroiiit iM uoiaplutoil,
Thu iuHti'iiiiiont in providixl with two piiir of biiuliiix
aoiHswH, olio |inir for cotiimuniontioii witli tliu Ixtttory, tlio
(itliur for giving ithooliM uad othar elootrolytioul ufTuutM.
rhotogrikplilo np[)uratuii, »n hori«jntal lutliu, or niiioliino
of It iiovul conHtructioii, for oluuiuiing niid poiiiihiug da-
i;iiui-ruoty|Mi pluttM. Invuntud by thu uxlilbitor.
l>ikguum)oty|ie Rliding Ottinom, fitted with vuriouH plute-
fi'itiiioH oil diffuront pluiiN,
liiipi'ovud (loiibio l)ox with nliding oovem and fmmuH,
for iipplving tlie i^uniiitive coatingH.
I'liHalilii Iiiuroury box,
I'liitu-lioldon* on diffuront pliuiN.
A HurioH of bufl'H, witli tlie dlirorent pruparationH nucux-
nnry for cloaniiiK plutoH.
Koviinutur, an iiMtriiinont for aftoortniniiix tlio dilfur-
eiicu ill tlio iengtliH of tlie optical and ohuniiual fucim of
pliiitngi'iiphio lomiuri.
Ciuiieru-Htand, dunignod by W. MatthewM, I'Imi.
(,'ninoni-Htand, and ntHul-ruHt, with a BoriuH of ball and
Hnckut joiiitM, deHigned by thu uxhibitor.
I'oi'titblo folding cainora and Htand, for pnpur procoHHOH,
with framuH on diirurunt pliuiH.
I'roHMiu'o frairiuH on difierunt planR.
OliiMH and i>oruolaiu dinhoH for preparing HoiMitivo pajior
nii<l gliuw platoH,
ilA Coi'FF.r, J., ft Smith, J., 4 Proritlcnee How,
Finahunj — Propriutoi'H and MannractururH.
Iniprovud oliomical appanituH, ccmt-aining a Htill head,
with Huito of luovuable paiiH for deuoctioiiR, uxtrautH, ftu, ;
II (IryiiiK cloHot, a uondunHur for Hteam, and worm for othur
HtillH, thu uhainbur containing them, acting on a Htaud and
coiiduiiHing tub. Thu tuinpuraturu can be regulated by
iiieium of Btuam-ooclcH and valvoH. Theru ii< alHo uttucliud
nn iinprovod feed for boilur, uteam-gaugu and thornio-
iiictur, Hafuty-valve and alarum.
4r)G Statham, W. E., 4 RotherficM St. South, Lotcor RomL
lnUiuitim — Inventor and Manufacturer.
I'ortiililu chemical cabinetH and laboratoriuii for amua<j-
muiit, niiidyHig, and chemical resonrcli.
Hydi'o-pnoumatic apparatus, containing a large pneu-
matic trough, a giiHonieter, and an hydraulic blow-pipe,
liuiip, and toiigH complete. Lai'gur iippuratua of the same
kind fur the lecturo-tiiblo and laboratory.
457
GRirnN, John J., ft Co., h^ Baker Street —
Miuiufacturerit.
Graduated glaHB instrunients for chemical testing in
thu ai'tH; applicable to the examination of soda, potash,
aiiitiioiiia, the niineral acids, vinegar, bleaching powder,
limcHtones, solutions of iron, silver, and other metals,
Hrtlt-springs, whit« lead, and other chemical products;
grnduatod measures for liquids, showing the usual divisions
of the imperial gallon ; and for gases.
Set of decimal weights and monsures, founded on the
imperial gallon oud tlio avoinlupois pound, with explana-
tory tables.
Set of hydrometers, with Twaddell's scale of improved
oval form.
Stokes' hydrometer for detennining the strength of
spirits of wine at any temperature, according to the de-
grees of Sikes', by means of one glass spindle, having two
scales without weights, but with a thermometer.
Ammoniameter, or hydrometer for liquid ainmonia.
A glass spindle with a scale of 100^; every degree shows
one test-atom or 21'2'5 graiua of dry ammonia in a gallon
of solution.
Small chemical apparatus, in a portable cabinet, adapted
for analytical rescarclios by naval and military officerb,
colonial engineei-s, &c.
Cabinet apparatus for use in colonial sugar-works, in
determining the density of cane-juice, and the exact
amount of lime requtfed for properly clarifying the juice.
Invented by Dr. Shier.
Ap|iaratuH for the chemical aiittlysiH of urine. I'urtablo
uolluctlon of chuiiiical appurutua for elementary uxixi-
rimunts.
Met of apparatus for testing the LardneM of watem
iiivunted by Professor Clark,
[Clark's test for the hardness of watur consists in a<lding
a stiuulard solution of soap to water until it prodiuos a
lather, the quantity used indicating the degree of hard-
iiefw. Most Waters contain lime in the state of carbonate,
with sumo sulphate of lime, and chlo.'ide of sodium. The
wuters supplied to London give those substancus in the
fo' lowing proportions, according to the analyses of Mr.
Uiohoid Phillips;—
DrsntAird, Itarnn, Clielm,
Curb, of lime . . . Kl-OOO lO'OOO Kl-.ViO
Sulph. of lime, ohl. of sodium ;(-40(i 1-7UU 2-UOO
Dr. Clark hos shown tliat a cui-tuiu measure of his test,
snlution of soap, is re(|uirud to combine with eachgi-ain of
oirbouate of lime, luid that the whole of it which is pre-
Ksnt in the water must combine with the soap Ijoforo a
lather will form, Tho a]>paratiis exhibited is for measuring
oho soap solution with great accuracy, and for ailding it
drop by drop to tho water under examination, Tho Board
of Health requires that every now soiirco of water supply
should be thus examined, an<l the number of degrees oi
burdnesa stated according to Dr. Clark's scale. Some che-
mists have lately pointe<I out sources of eiTor in this pro-
ccNH, but Dr. Clark states these may be avoided by care. —
11. H.]
Chemical thermometei-s for corrosive liquors. Sot of
blowpipe apjiaratus for the examination of mineiids. Col-
lection of small specimens of minerals, in a poi-tablo
cabinet, adapted for travellers in tho colonies. Models of
crystals executed in puttci'y. Apparatus fur teaching agri-
cultural chemiNtry in parish schofds. Test-bottles, with
indelible inscriptions, tor chemical use. Gloss vessels fur
holding chemical li(piors, made in Bohemia. Books of
test-papers. Circular filter-papers. Frame with pegs for
test-tubes. Stoneware lamp-furnace for chemical opora-
tions, Buale's furnace for executing combustions in organic
analysis iiy gas. Ueale's gas furnace for heating crucibles.
Improved achromatic microscope and polariscope, for na-
turalists and physicians. Ackland's improved combination
uf Sinoe's galvanic battery, in which the kind and amount
of power om be readily modified. Ackland's improved
form of medico-galvanic machine, with single current,
producing great power in a small compass,
458 Allman, Fn.NNELL, 12 Stxnliojte I'ltice, Hyde Park —
Inventor.
An electric table-lamp, suitable for a room, with > a-
other, illustrnting the way in which the dynamic effect -i
the current is mode to govern the lamp. The most im-
portiuit features of the invention are the employment of
electricity as a substitute for coal gas, oil, candles, &c.
The novelty consists in the employment of the dynamic
effects of the electric current to produce the conditions
necessary for the maintenance uf a constant light. Tlie
great simplicity of the lamp, consisting of only three
parts, render it very durable and economic. Patented.
459 Ibbetson, Capt. L. L. Boscawen, Clifton House,
Old Brompton — Inventor.
Electrotypes from the animal and vegetable kingdom.
Ornamental coatings in various metals; also castings, &c.,
in iron, and covered with metallic surfaces, by a new
method.
Trigonometrical model of the Undercliff, Isle of Wight.
The now feature in this model is, that on extent of
count ly has been modelled from a trigonometrical survey,
tho vortical heights being on the same scale as the base,
three feet to a mile. The model was carried to the spot
and modelled, and the hypothenuse lines made to cor-
respond with the base. Upwards of 20,000 heights were
464
Ci.AM 10.— PHILOSOPHICAL, MUSICAL, H0R0L(X1ICAL,
North, North (-KNTUAii, ani> South 0.nthai. Oai.liriks.
[UniTrn
liieaaurod. It in painted ru nx tn (M>nil>ine both st^ 'irrttphy
aud geology, tho phenoiiu'iia Imiuj; carefully (leVi! •■i\t«il
A ulowrpipe givinj{ lUi imiuttivnipted luid regulur flumu
for chemical aualyuM and other |)urTKiieR,
An oxyh vdmguu microscope, with new safety ttibeo ami
an adaptation of the blowpipe for chemical and otlior
purpoHe*, idao an arraiigemeut for collectiug the giuwM
Beparately.
Mimufiiotured by C. W. ColIlnH, Royal Polj-technlo
luHtitution, Kegent Street.
4fi0 NewmuiRT, F., Stoh NemmjtoH Oreen — Producer.
ElectrotyjMii.
404 Harbisom, •John, 2 Chorlton Ten-a. y, Upper Bt^r./.-
St., Afiinehcuter — Inventor and Manufacturer.
Electrical battery, intended as a gubstitute fur the
Loyden jar.
Ualvanio battery, combining the inventiono of Profes-
norw Smee and Faraday, with a new mode of connexion
fur i>ii>(luoing either quantity or intensity nt° the elect lic
current.
4n4A Harrison, J., 45 I'piwr John Street, Fitzroy
Sipmre — Mauufiu,<turer and Inventor.
Model of action generally used by pianoforte manufoc-
turors.
Model of reffistered boudoir pianoforte; action to show
in w I lilt the improvement consiats.
Pianoforte mth the regi stored action.
re|)eat tongue check iiction. Ivory U replaced by u
newly-invented material for tho keyi.
465 Wv.LLWAY, John Sweet, 7 Dmmark Street, Bristol
— Inventor and Mnuufootui'er.
Sypli'in trouKb, f'>r galvanic battery, made of gutta
percha iiud vulcuuized ludiii i ubber; tiibefl passing from
the bottom of oach cull to a main tube, form a siphon,
by whiclt tho trough may be emptied when out of use ;
I gutta-percha valvo, of new construction, closes the
u-ain tu})e when thu buttery is in use.
Hisgistored gas-carriere' apparatus, rendering gas port-
able. A drum revolving horizontally, by means of a
spring botwc u the ceiling and floor of the room above,
round which lyveial f«ot of glazed vulcanize<l India-
lubbor tubing ore coiled, which communicate with the
Jiiiiin gas] lie of tho house. When in use, one end <if
tilt' iiexili) tube is attached to a portable l.unp-stand,
wliioii, wIiku carried to a distant part of tlie room, is
nilmved to rocodo by the unwinding of the flexible tube;
whr J the light is brought back, the revolving drum winds
up the ti bing. When out of use, the tul)ing Ik dotached
from the lamp-stand; it is then immediately coiled up
by the drum.
460 Tavijor, Thomas, 1 7 Fled Street, Dublin — Inventor.
Pneumatic battery, fur igniting gunpowder in the blast-
ing used in mining operations. Each cell is filled with
sulphuric acid. The operator, blowing through the
guttii percha tube, forces the sulphuric acid out of each
cell through the short siphon tubes ; it then comes in
contact with a compound of the chlorate ul' potass, loaf
sugar, and gunpowder, when an explosion takes place.
The gutta-peroha tube may be of any length, thus placing
tho operator in perfect aafety.
467 KiRKMAN, Joseph, & Son, 3 -S^iAo Square, and
9 Dean Street — Manufacturers.
Miniature model of a gi-and pianoforte, six and three-
quarter octaves, metal braces, and drilled bridges.
Seven octave, full grand pianoforte, with repetition
action, in rosewood case.
The fonda semi-grand pianoforte, in walnut case.
Oblique piccolo pianoforte.
468
Greiner, Geo. Frederick, .'il Upper Miinjlehane
Street, I'ortland I'hice — Inventor and Maker.
Semi-grand pianoforte, constructed on the piinciple
of the speaking-trumpet, with unison tuning-screws, and
4l>{) SOUTUAM., WiLMAM, tO liaker Street,
/'ortiiuiit Sqiuire Mnuufaoturer.
Grand pianoforte.
1 70 Stodart, William, k Son, 1 Ooidm Square—
Manufacturers.
Patent rosewood horizontal grand pUnoforta,
Compact rosewood square pianoforte.
471 Caddt, C, Orny't Inn Pianoforte Maniifacton/
— Manufacturer.
Grand pianoforte, in rosewood, on tho exhibltorV nnw
patent suspension principle. The soimding-board, iMHtiml
of being glued or permanently attached to the woodvii
framing, is suspended from it by metallic attachni :nt8,
which, being a(\jiutablo, a<lmit of its being tightly
strained, to increase the tone. The letters A, II, C in the
annexed out represent tho adjustable motallia attaoli
ments.
Cadhy'i Onnd Planororte.
Grand pianoforte, in zebra wood, on the same principle
modified.
Upright cottage pianoforte, showing the application of
the same principle to the cheaper kind of pianofortes.
472 RoLFE, WitxiAM, & Sons, 61 Ckaapside —
Manufacturers.
Specimen of a two-unison common cottage pianoforte,
combining the advantages of the ordinary repetition, and
check or double actions.
Pianoforte, in which stability, economy, and excellence
ore the objects aimed at,
473
A pianoforte.
Deacock, T. — Manufacturer.
474 Brinsmead, John, 15 Charlotte Street, Fitzroy
Sqrtare — Manufactm-or.
Hegistered pianoforte — the long brass joint goncniUy
seen upcn the fall of pianofortes, obviated when opening
by a simple contrivance. The case penults the instru-
ment to be placed in any part of a room. Embroidered
device in the centnd panel, and music stool. This instru-
ment is shown in next page.
ory in rep1ac<Hi hy
y».
KiNODOM.]
AND 8(innirAri instiiumknts.
N(HITH, KoRTIt ».'KN7BAI., ANI> KoUTII ('KNTHAI. (JaM.EIIIIUI.
4f)fi
forte Manufactnrii
IP.
on the exhibitor'n new
Himling-boar<l,inMt.iyiil
iched ti) the wood(iii
metallic attiichni:iita,
of ita being tiglitly
J letters A, H, C in the
able tnetollio attncli
nrinmrend'i nextaiorril Pluioftiiip,
in the 8Ame principle
ng the applicati.m of
id of pianofortes.
1 cottage pianoforte,
nary repetition, and
>my, and excellence
■ass joint genenilly
iated when upuuing
penults the instrii-
om. Enibroidei'cd
stool. This instru-
475 Mktzler, George, 37 Great Marlborowjh Street
— Manufacturer.
Small size cottage pianoforte, made in pollard oak,
"0. Q." or arched fall, with ornamental «hefl front.
476
MooHE, John & Hekrt, & Co., 104 Bishopsifate
Street Within — Designers and Manufacturers. '
Grand cottage pianoforte, of new design.
477 Luff, George, & Son, \m Great Hmsell
Street, lilooinshiiri/ — Manufnotvirers.
Albert cottage pianoforte, of now construution.
Harmonium, an instrument played like tlie pianoforte
or organ, claiming powerful tone and simplicity of con-
struction.
[The peculiar tone of the harmonium class of instru-
ments is produced by metal springs set in motion by a
stream of air. — H. E. D.]
477a Hunt, Rich., 22 Blake S'trcf*— Inventor.
The registered tavola pianoforte. A dining or drawing-
room table, stands upon a centre-block or pedestal, and
contains a pianoforte (opening with spring-bolts) on the
grand principle, with a closet containing music composed
by the inventor. This pianoforte has the ordinary power
of tone, although occupying half the usual space, and can
be made the piccolo or grand size.
479 Enneveb & Steedman, 31 Geon^e Street, Euston
Sii>utre— Manufacturers.
Elegant walnut marquetrie semi-cottage pianoforte,
new design, with double action. The pearl and tortoise-
shell keyii made by T. and H. Brooks, .'tl Cumberland
Market.
I'hun walnut square-fall piccolo, or microchordian piano-
foi-te, with single action.
480 Allison, Robert, 69 liejent Street — Monufactuaer.
Walnut-wood registered cottage pianoforte — the keys
of the fingor-board being alternated in colour, to show all
the scales, major and minor, according to a single rule
for each mood, founded on the plaac of the senii-tonio
intei'val, which renders the seven notes to be touched for
an octave of each of the other eleven scales, as evident as
the scale of C. Thi.s piano-forte is shown on next page.
I
[10.]
[Official Illusthated C'ataix)ci;e.1
2L
IMAGE EVALUATION
TEST TARGET (MT-3)
If
./
1.0
I.I
11.25
Ui Uii 12.2
!!? 114 "■■
li£ 12.0
us
6"
1.4 11.6
/
^>'
/A
^J^"
^
7
Photographic
Sciences
Corporation
23 WEST MAIN STREET
WEBSTER, N.Y. 14510
(716)872-4503
466
Class 10.— PHILOSOPHICAL, MUSICAL, HOROLOGICAL,
North, North Central, and South Central Galleries.
[United
Alliaon's Regiateied Cottage Pbuioforte.
481 Jones, John Champion, 21b Soho S'qmre —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
A double or twin semi-oottage pianoforte, having two
fronts and sets of keys, one on either side, suitable for any
JFY>. 2»
number of performers, from one to six; case of walnut-
tree. The letters of reference in fip. 1 and 2, indicate
the position of corresponding parts m the front and side
views of this twin pianoforte; a, b, o, representing the
case; e, the keyboard; and^, g, g, the pedals.
Jones'a Twin Scmi-eottagc PUnoforte.
482
Holdernesbe, Charles, 444 New Oxford Street
— Manufacturer.
Cottage grand pianoforte, 6j-octave, in a carved walnut-
tree wood case (the design registered); with repeating
check action.
483 Allison, Ralph, 108 Wardoitr Street, Shho, and 34
Brook Street, New Road — Manufacturer.
A walnut-tree cottage pianoforte, with carved figures,
and inlaid with flowers in woods of natural colours, check
repetition action, &c.
484 Jenkins, Wm. & Son, 10 London Street, Fittroy
Square — Inventors and Manufacturers.
Registered expanding and collapsing pianoforte for
gentlemen's yachts, the saloons of steam-vessels lodie '
cabins, &:c.; only 13} inches from front to back when
collapsed.
Cabmet pianoforte in figured walnut-tree, carved and
ornamented in the Elizabethan style.
486
HuND, Frederick, & Son, 21 Ebury Street, Pimlieo
— Inventors and Manuvtcturers.
New kind of cottage pianoforte, called the " Lyra." —
Provisionally registered.
The " Lyra" stands on a peculiar constructed platfoi-m,
or sound conductor, into which the bass strings extend;
and although the instrument is only 3 feet 5 inches in
height, it produces a tone equal to a semi-grand.
°'*^^<i^g^-!sr
[UmTKD
x; case of walnut-
3. 1 and 2, indicate
I the front and side
3, representing the
pedals.
am-vessels lodie '
>nt to back when
it-tree, carved and
'lury Street, Pimlico
arers.
led the " Lyi-n."—
fltructed platfonu,
>B8 strings extend;
3 feet 5 inches in
mi-grand.
key,
tellii
can,
sent,
KtHODOM.]
AND SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS.
North, Nobth Central, and South Central Galleries.
46T
The instniment haa a grand check action, with leven of
great power and elaaticity.
487 Addison, Robert, 210 Regent Street — Patentee
and Proprietor.
A transposing pianoforte. This piano will tranapoae
muiie five aemitonea higher or lower tlum the written
key, if neceaaary. Its novelty consists in the key -board,
hammers, and strings being immoveable. The internal
action cannot be shifted or deranged. To make this in-
telligible, the first two bars of the Xational Anthem have
been selected, which, if written thus —
f^[=f=r^r^m
can, br striking the same ivory keys as the above notes repre-
sent, be immediately transposed into three higher and
three lower keys.
488 Aooio, Oeoroe H., Colchester — Designer and
Manufacturer.
Pianoforte, fitted up in plate-glaas case, and gold
carvings, with embroidered curtain front.
489 DiMOLlNE, Abraham, Denmark Street, Bristol —
Designer and Manufacturer.
Registered compensation pianoforte, seven octave. The
mechanism, by its lightness, &o., produces an agreeable
touch ; improved plan for uncovering the keys ; the
panels are paintings of mother-of-pearl on glass. Regis-
tered semi-cottage, seven octave: with same mechanism,
and papier-nutch^ case with inlaid mother-of-pearl, in the
Italian style.
490 Akebhan, William H. H., Bridgwater, Somerset
— Inventor and Manufacturer.
Pianoforte, with new improvement; a bevel action for
the dampers, applicable to all kinds; intended to give
precision of touch by the certain rising of the key. It
preserves also the dampers by gentle instead of jerking
movement. Octave action at pleasure, to use the octave
of the key struck.
491 Shtth & Roberts, Birmingham — Inventors
and Manufacturers.
A 7-8va cottage (ianoforte, with grand action and re-
peat, having a sounding-board and back on the principle
of a violoncello, &c., obtained by the application of an
iron frame well secured between the sounding-board and
the strings, which causes the sounding-board to tighten,
in a different manner from other pianofortes. They are
suited for hot climates.
493
Woollet, T., Nottingham — Patentee and
Manufacturer.
Equilibrium patent pianofortes, for all climates.
Grand pianoforte, and " utiliton" pianoforte, 7 octaves
each.
493a
Harwar, Joseph, 2S Bloomsbury Street —
Manufacturer.
_ Pianoforte with transposing mechanism, metallic equi-
librium string frame, adjusting tension rods, and improved
sound-board, fitted up in newly designed case with sliding
front.
[The first transposing pianoforte was invented by a
Qerman named RoUa. The keys in this instrument were
shifted ; the modem system is incomparably superior. —
H. E. D.]
494 Towns ft Packer, 20 Oxford Street—
Manufacturers.
■^ Grand transposing pianoforte : the pitch can with faci-
lity be ndsed or lowered two notes from the original key,
without affecting its touch or durability.
Microphonic cottage pianoforte up to A in alt. of eco-
uoraicnl constniotion.
496 Erard, Pierre Orpheus, 18 at. Marlborough Street
— Inventor, Designer, and Manufacturer.
New patent pianofortes : — ornamented extra-grand ;
extra -grand with pedal keys; small grand, improved
new scale; grand oblique, ornamented in the Elizabethan
style, adapted to extreme climates ; gn^imd cottage ; reduced
cottagd ; extra-grand and grand oblique.
The plate 22 represents a front and side elevation of
the Elizabethan pianoforte.
New patent metal frames for pianofortes, intended to
carry the principal part of the weight or pull of the wires,
independent of the wood frame, with«a new screw appa-
ratus for tuning attached to the same; particularly
adapted to extreme climates.
Harps: — full and second size, newly improved; third
size; highly ornamented ; fourth size, adapted for young
boi^nners. " Prince of Wales' harp," decorated.
[The difficulty of keeping harps in order in extreme
climates is greatly lessened by always placing them,
when not used, in a common mtdiogany case. — H. E. D.]
498
Mott, Isaac Henry Robert, 76 Strand —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Patent metallic cottage grand pianofortes, not liable to
be affected by change of climate or weather.
Horizontal grand pianofortes, with metallic frames,
above and beneath the strings, capable of resisting change
of climate, or great tension, without interfering with the
freedom or vibration of the sounding-board. The com-
pass is nearly eight octaves, also an additional key-board
of five more octaves, they, have the notes in unison witli
and an octave below the pianoforte, with an improved
and peculiar action, which, by means of small rollers,
&c., produces a quick repetition of the touch.
499 WoRNUM, Robert, Store Street — Inventor and
Manufacturer.
Improved piccolo pianoforte.
Semi-bichord grand pianoforte, upon the patent over-
struck principle.
[In the ordinary pianofoi-te action, the springs ore
struck from below, in this instrument the hammers
strike down, hence the term overstruck. — H. E, D,]
500 HoPKiNSON, John & James, 18 Soho Square— ''
Monufoetureiti.
Horizontal grand pianoforte with patent action, on an
entirely new principle, giving increased power and cer-
tainty to the touch, and adding the tremolo similar in
effect to that produced by the voice. Mata, inventor.
Rosewood boudoir pianoforte, 6{-octave8.
500a Tdrnbull, William, 6 Frederick Street,
Segenfs Park — Manufacturer.
Set of pianoforte keys.
502 Peachet, G., 13 Bishopsgate Street Within—
Manufacturer.
Improved Pollard oak " Victoria" piccolo pianoforte.
Improved rosewood "Albert" piecolo pianoforte.
503 Greaves, E., 56 South Street, Sheffield—
Manufacturer.
.^olian pitch pipes, German silver, electro plated, and,
gilt, in sets of 4 for violin, 6 for guitar, 8 for harp key
E flat, 8 for the diatonic, and 13 for the chromatic.
iEolian violin mute, a combination of pitch pipe and
mute.
Chromatic ffiolian pitch pipe, one vibrator sounding 13'
semitones.
[The natural key of the old single-action hatp is' E flat,
and of the double action C flat. The mute is a siuall in-
strument which is fix«d on the strings of a vicdin, over
the bridge, to soften and thin the tone. The uncertainty
which at prenont exists with regard to the pitch is a
source of great annoyance. The modem -pitch varies
2 L 3
4(i6
Ci,A88 10.— PHILOSOPHICAL, MUSICAL, HOROLOGICAL,
North, North Central, and South Central Galleries.
[UNlTEn
KlN(
half to a whole tone sharper from that used in the time
of Handel.— H. E. D.]
Blued Bteel sostenuto tuning-forks, philharmonic and
Wilhelm's standard pitch; Lilliput size, in case, philhar-
monic pitch; and Ftvnch-shape, with foot and case; case
of 13 tuning-forks. _
Pair of chromatic tuning-forks, sounding the 13 semi-
tones, in an octave, both equal uempenuneut, philhar-
monic; and Wilhelm's standard pitch; cuse of amateur
pianoforte tuning instruments. The chromatic tuning-
forks are useful for tuning the pianoforte, &c.
Tuning-keys for horizontal and cabinet pianofortes.
Registered portable metronomes, in brass, Oerman
silver, silver, pearl, tortoiseshell, electro-plate and gild,
ftilver, silver and pearl, silver and shell. These form a
convenient substitute for the large metronome. In prin-
ciple this is a variable pendulum, the tape winding up
within the case, which forms the weight or bob.
504 KoENio & Pase, 441 Strand — Manufacturers.
A complete set of brass horns with valves (soprano to
contra bass). Frensh horn, trombones, and trumpets.
Trombones with slides. Ophicleide with keys. Euphonion
with four valves. Comet & pistons in various designs,
(.'larionets, from a new design, and in metal . Flutes, on a
new system.
Drums — bass, tenor, and side, for military purposes.
505 DoDD, Edward, 112 Vaux/mU Walk, Lambeth
— Manufacturer.
Violin, violoncello, double bass, and harp strings.
506 Drurt, James Francis, Cheshmt, Herts —
Manufacturer,
fiox of musical bells.
507
OlSBORNE, James, 37 S>i folk Street, Birmingham —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Cornopeans. Trombo comuta, or drawing-room corno-
pean, ^kx horns in B flat alto, and E flat soprano.
Keyed bugle. Long valve trumpet. Double sax horn
in A flat alto, and E flat tenor: the performer while
playing upon this peculiar instrument, can, by using the
extra valve with the left hand, without taking the instru-
ment from his lip, glide from the alto to the tenor cleflP,
and vice verad, with nuiility.
608 Henrys & Co., 2 Budge Roic — Proprietors.
Newly -invented musical instrument, called "Flootina,"
adapted for concerts, and as an accompaniment to other
instruments.
509 FoRSTER, Simon a., 13 Macclesfield Street,
Soho Sijiiare — Manufacturer.
A violin, viola, violoncello, ftc, made (according to
modem improved gauges) after the models of the exhi-
bitor's grandfather, popularly known ba " Old Forster."
510 Heaps, John Knowles, Leeds — Manufacturer.
Violoncello constructed upon principles producing in-
creased vibration, and superior quality and quantity of
tone.
511 Anelli, Joseph, 76 Queen Street, Edinburgh —
Inventor.
Centripetal regulating pegs and puis, which cannot draw
back or give way, by which instruments can be tuned and
regulated graduidly in all their divisions, in less than half
the time formerly required.
Also, a spring "oi^-tasto," attached to the handle
of the guitar, chiuiging at once the diapason of the strings,
BO as to play in all keys without altering the printed notes
or the position of the hand and fingers.
512 McNeiix, John, 140 Capel Street, Dublin—
Inventor and Proprietor.
Cambridge cavalry field-tnunpet bugle, for executing
trumpet and bugle field calls without having recourse to
a second instrument.
Bulb oomopean; the bulbs are substituted for angles,
and curved passages are thus obtained for the wind
without enlarging the valves, or increasing the friction,
which gives improved quality of tone and facilitates the
execution.
514 Church, O., 12 Berkeleg Place, Bristol —
Inventor.
Wrist-supporter, for securing a good position in playing
the pianoforte.
Improved guitar: by means of two bars introduced
within the instrument, and fixed in the blocks, greater
strength is secured.
Improved finger-board for the violoncello, and other
bowed instruments: groove runs the whole length of the
finger-board under each string.
616 Edwards, RoHERT James, C/iwrcA W/cfrf,
Burslem — Inventor.
An instrument invented to assist instrumental per-
formers. It resembles the pianoforte in aqppearance, but,
when acted upon, is perfectly silent Tlie keys are uf
porcelain. The degree of action is regulated by turning
the screw at the back of the instrument.
617
Pace & Sons, 49 A'm? Street, Westminster —
Inventors and Manufacturers.
Cornopeans, trumpet, and valve horn. The improve-
ments consist in the small diameter of the valves, the
removal of angular turnings, and the hardness and
quality of the metal employed.
[The modern brazen trumpet was invented at Nurem-
beig; but a similar instrument has been known from time
immemorial. — H. E. D.]
618 Broadwood, John, & Sons, 33 Oreat Pulteney
Street — Manufacturers.
Four grand pionofoi-tes, of different constractions : —
No. 1. In ebony case; 7 octaves, Q to O; inlaid, carved,
and gilt. Designed by E. M. Barry, Esq. ; inlaid by
G. Watson; carved by J. Thomas; and gilt by Q. J. Mo-
rant. Straight bracing.
No. 2. In amboyna case; 7 octaves, Q to G. Designed,
caiTed, and gilt by Mr. G. J. Morant. Diagonal bracing.
No. 3. In amboyna case; 7 octaves, G toG. Diagonal
bracing.
No. 4. In walnut case, inlaid ; 7 octaves, G to G.
Inlaid by G. Watson. Straight bracing.
(^Atain Avenue West.)
-Manafacturer.
619 Betts, Arthur, 2T Royal Exchange-
Two violins.
620 Gates, J. P., Lichfield— Inventor.
Improved brass musical instruments: —
The "gem comet," model, with the ordinary valves.
The improvement consisting in the more direct course of
the current through the main tube, a greater proportion
of which is placed below the valves.
Cornet, with the "central valve" (invented 1845),
in which the right angles in the open notes are obviated,
and the tone improved.
Comet. Improvement of the last by the introduction
of a bow, obviating the an^^es in the vcJve note. Invented
1845.
Comet, with the bulb valves. In the perfect central
valve : the piston casing is widened at the turn of the
current by a hollow "bulb," or "bulge," half the dia-
meter of the tube, the other half being formed in the
piston.
Comet, with the " equi-trio-Iateral valves." The "equi-
tone comet." The " pista-cor," a new drawing-room in-
strument. Improved " Sax-horn," upon the equitone
principle. Transposing " military trumpet, combining the
C bugle with the K flat trumpet. Botn complete instru-
ments. .
The "Staffordshire horn."
The seven preceding articles are provieionally regis-
tered.
KlNQDOH.]
AND SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS.
North, Nohth Ckntral, and 8o0th Ckntral Galleries.
M9
522
Prince, MIm Abklinde, 29 Norfolk Creacent,
Hyde I'arit — Inventor.
Oiocodi Euterpe; anewmuiical gnme, intendudtoauiat
beginners in the knowledge of the relative value of mu-
gicol oharaoten, and to render them good timeists.
523 JoiU>4N, James, 34 Manchester Street, Liverpool —
Invtmtor and Manufacturer,
1 . Newly -invented euphonic serpentcleide. The pitch
iit an octave lower than the ordinary serpent, and the
bore being much larger, it hna a mor j powerful and melli-
fluous tone. The keys (eleven) and stays are tubular,
thus rendering the instrument extremely light in propor-
tion to its size. The springs, which are spii-al, can be re-
gulated or renewed by the performer, a desideratum in
the military or naval service.
2. Newly-invented euphonic horn, oontra-bass in B
flat, compass from double A flat; though mora powerful
in tone than the ordinary bombardon, is yet more port-
able, and is consequently peculiarly suited for military,
naval, or concert bonds.
3. Newly-invented tenor valve ophioleide, silver
mounted.
4. Newly-invented German-silver cornopean, with im-
proved transposing slide and water-conductor. On this
mstrument the keys B flat and A flat (which are the keys
most in use by the military) can be produced immedi-
ately, thus saving the uunecessai'y carriage of crooks
whilst marching.
5. Newly-invented cornopean. This improvement con-
sists in substituting fixed bows outside the valves for an-
gular turns inside the pistons, without enlarging the
tubing, relieving the action from extra weight and fric-
tion, and the instrument from leakage.
524 DoBROWOLSKi, B. W., 20 Norton Street, Portland
Place — Inventor.
Semibreve guitar. This newly-invented instrument is
improved from the Spanish guitar; its advantages are,
that it contains one octave and a half more in the treble,
and that it is more easy to play ; the sounding-board is
larger, and produces very powerful and melodious notes,
and the instrument can be held with great ease and
grace. Registered.
525 Panobmo, LocI8, 31 High Street, Bloomsbury —
Manufacturer.
Enharmonic guitar (inventor and proprietor, T. Perro-
net Thompson, Eliot Vale, Blackheath), capable of being
arranged in the perfect ratios for upwards of 20 keys; the
strings can be lengthened separately at the biidge, to
correct the defects of the depression to the neck, or of
false or worn strings.
520 Wheatstone, William, & Co., 20 Conduit Street,
lieijent Street — Patentees and Monufacturera.
Treble concertina, with 48 keys, for the performance of
violin, flute, hautboy, or concertina music singly, or in
concert; the same, displaying the whole internal mecha-
nism.
Baiitoue concertina, with 48 keys, for the performance
of harmonized music, especially psolmody, in the some
register as sung by four voices.
A concert tenor concertina, with 43 keys, for vocal
tenor, tenor violin, or wooden wind instrument music,
singly or in concert.
A concert bass concertina, with 56 keys, for violoncello
or bassoon music, singly or in concert; the same, of a
smaller size, for the use of ladies.
Double concertina, with 50 keys, so disposed that a
melody may be played by one lumd, and an accompani-
ment by the other.
A symphonion, with a single vibrator, acted on by
rollers moved by stops, so as to produce any note re-
quu'ed.
A tonimeter, which produces any note in the chromatic
scale merely by finger pressure.
An enharmonic tonimeter, which produces any sound
in the enharmonic scale.
Portable harmoniums, for producing expression, which
can be jplayed alone, or bo placed in front of the key -board
of a pianoforte, and played by the some performer;
adapted for wooden or stringed instrument solo, or part
music.
527 Ward, Corneuub, 36 Qreoi Titchfield Street—
Inventor, Patentee, and Manufacturer.
Kettle-drum, which can be adjusted to any required
note, within the range of one octave, with rapidity and
accuracy, and also may be set to any note without sound-
ing it.
Bass drum, both the heads of which can be tuned at
once bv one operation. Bass drum, wherein the tension
of the heads is quickly adjusted by means of iron rods,
whereby permanent order is obtained. This drum con-
tains cymbals, and both drum and cymbals can be used
at pleasure together or separately. Thus precision is
insured; one man required in lieu of two, and the cymbals
are safe from accident.
Side or signal drum, with iron bracings and two seta
of snares adjustible at once. Drum, both the heads of
which are adjusted by one screw.
Flute, with the natural proportion of tube required
for each note of its scale.
Bassoon of new construction.
All patented or provisionally registered.
[The bassoon or fagotto is the bass hautboy. The word
bassoon is derived from b isa sound, and fagotto from
fagot, it being composed of several pipes bound together.
— H. E, D.]
528 S.NELL, Robert, BalPs Pond— Inyenior and
Manufacturer.
Seraphiiie, with bichromatic or double scale of notes,
producing perfect harmony in evei-y key, without the aid
of temperament; the improvement effected by an octave
of pedals, one being put down, coiTects the scale for the
key required.
[That the musical scale cannot be perfectly tuned on
instruments with fixed sounds, is a fact that can only be
stated, within the limit of a note; temperament signifies
the equal adjustment of the imperfection of the scale on
an organ, or similar instrument. — H. E. D.]
529
Storer, Joseph, 26 Piccadilly — Inventor,
Patentee, and Manufacturer.
Percussion ^Eolophon, with two sets of vibrators, ona
an octave higher than the other, with appropriate stopi,
int«nded as an economical substitute for an organ.
Portable iEolophon, for taking flute or violoncello
pai-ts, or for chamber use.
530 Faulkner, Edwik, 11 York Street, St, Jameis
SqiMre — Designer,
Accordion stand. An apparatus to assist in playing
the accordion with greater facility and effect; it will
incline to any position suitable for the convenience of the
performer, and by the action of a spring-stop, it can
be instantly fixed in that position. Provisionally regis-
tered,
531 Bray, John, 26 Westmorelan I Street, Dublin—
Manufacturer.
Double-action harp, with additional notes, Gothic pillar
embellished in ultra-marine and gold, and music-stool,
desk, and stand.
[The doitble-actioned harp possesses greater powers of
modulation than that with the single action, and can also
produce enharmonic passages; in which respect it is a
perfectly unique instrument, excepting those of the violin
class. Every major and almost every minor key can be
distinctly produced on it. The exceptions arc A>, D |),
and G 5, minors.— H.E D.]
470
CLAiB 10.— PHILOSOPHICAL, MU810AL, HOROLOGICAL,
NoBTH, North Ckntral, and South Central Oalleries.
[UsmtB
632 SiMPiON, Thomas, Sea-Lion Hotel, Ifanley-in-the'
Potte. •ie» — Inventor.
Norma virium, or miuioal aooentuator, intended to
supersede the metronome. It marks the first note in
every bar, loud and distinct, in all measures of time;
and gives in weaker bents the sectional divisions.
[The word "metronome" is derived from utrft,
measure ; and *i/ui, division. The instrument was in-
vented by John MiielMl, in Austria, 1814. The more
modern kinds of this instrument exhibit an improvement
anolagous to the principal feature of the Korma Virium,
viz., a distinct separation of the first, ttom the following
bixits in a bar, which is effected by the striking of a small
bell at the first beat.— H. E. D.]
533 JoNEB, BianrrT, Cardiff, TVu/e*— Designer and
Milker.
Grand triple-strung Welsh harp, worked in Welsh plane
wood, carved in bold relief, the designs being emblematic
of the country, in oak, mistletoe, &c., with two dragons
in front, cut m round relief. On the comb is an equili-
brium bearing-plate, to cause equal tension on the three
rows of springs.
[The triple-strung Welsh harp was an higenions but
laborious contrivance to enable the performer to take
semitones, and to modulate into different keys. It is now
superseded by the pedal harp, particularly that with the
double action, invented by Erard. The two outer rows of
strings are diatonic ctnd unisonic : the centre row com-
prises all those sounds necessary to complete the thirteen
semitones belonging to each octave. This Instrument is
described by Mersennas in his " Harmonie Universelle,"
1636.— H. E. D.]
536 SiocAMA, Abel, 135 Fleet Street — Inventor, Patentee,
and Manufacturer.
Diatonic flutes, retaining the old svstem of fingering
while affording numerous additional fingerings, on a
system strictly based upon acoustic principles. Their
tone is said to be powerful and brilliant. They are easier
of execution, and therefore require less exertion to play
than the ordinanr fiute. There are three middle C's on
this flute, all of the same quality, and perfectly in tune.
[There are two scales commonly understood — the
Diatonic, from iim, by, and row, the lone; and the Chro-
matic, from %;•>•<, colour: the first proceeding by tones
and semitones, and the second by semitones alone. But
there is a thii-d scale, the Enharmonic, that is not so
well known. It can be thus explained : Notes have
their pitch determined by a certain number of vibrations.
By this we find that C H and D b, though one sound on a
keyed instrument, have distinct sounds in reality. The
Enharmonic scale then is a succession of every possible
note according to its vibratory intensity, e. g. O, D |>,
Ctt, D, E K D}(, E, and so on.— H. E. D.]
536 Rudall, Rose, & Co., 38 Southampton St., Strand
— Proprietors and Manufacturers,
Richard Carte's patent flutes, with new and old finger-
ing, made of silver or other metal, or of wood; possess-
ing all the latest improvements arising from equidistant
and equal-sized holes and open keys. The arrangement
of the holes, and contrivance of the mechanism are avail-
able either with Boehm's parabola and cylinder bore, or
Rose's improved conical bore.
Patent flute, constructed on the principles first in-
troduced by Boebm, viz., equidistant and equal-sized
holes, and open keys. The patent was granted for a
parabola-shaped head-joint, and cylindrical body-joints.
Improved ordinary flute — its merits are said to consist
iu the improvement of the tone, arising from the novel
proportions of its conical bore. The fingering and
arrangement of holes and keys remain as usual.
637
Fcrdt k Fenut, 74 Dean Street, Soho—
Manufacturers.
Violhia, violoncellos, double boas. To exhibit oil var-
nish equal to that use<l on the Cremona instruments; the
art of making which is supposed to have been lost.
638 PorrER, Henkt, 2 Bridge Street, Wegtmituter—
Manufacturer.
Clinton's flute, on acoustic principles, being the only
one with the old fingering (Aroui/Aout, with equaUty of tone
and perfection of tune.
640 KoBLKR, John, 35 Henrietta Street, Covent Oarden—
Patentee and Manufacturer.
Patent three-valve instnmient*— lever oometto. in E b;
cornopean, in Bb; trumpet, in Eb; trombone, in Bp; trom-
bone, in O; patent davicor and bombardone, each with
four valves in Ej;; and French horn, with two valves in
E[7; patent lever trumpet in E|7 with two valves; small
pocket cornopean in A with two valves; cylinder cor-
nopean in Bp with three valves; ovlinder tenor horn in
D with three valves; and Harpers improved chromatic
slide trumpet in Ej;.
541 Guinness, Richard, 58 East Street, Mancheeter Sq.—
Inventor.
Violin and violoncello.
Self-acting ^legs for the tuning of violins, violoncellos,
and tenors.
642 Spuroin, Thomas, Saffron WriMit— Maker.
Violin made from a description of one invented by
Mens. Savai-t of Paris. The figure represents this violin.
Spurijin'a Violin.
543
DoDD, James, Image Cottage, ffolloteay —
Manufacturer.
Bows for the violin, tenor, and violoncello, mounted
with gold and tortoiseshell. Silver strings for the violin,
violoncello, and harp.
544 Chidlet, Rock, 135 //i/A //o/6or»»— Designer,
Manufacturer, and Proprietor.
Concertinas, in ivory, with gold stops, working on le-
vers only supported by springs; another in ebony, with
glass stops, mounted with gold.
[Though an exceedingly sweet instrument, the con-
certina is considered to be deficient in forgando effect. —
H. E. D.]
545 Case, George, 32 New Bond Street— Maajitaoturer.
Concertina, on which may be played any description of
music, within the compass of three octaves and a half, in
single notes or chords.
546 Card, William, 29 St. Jamei Street— DeAgaet and
Manufacturer.
Silver flute, with rods, rings, and levers, equal to
twelve keys.— Stirling's British gold flute. Electro-sil-
vered flute, Cognas wood flute, with silver mountings
and keys. The following cut represents the silver flute.
KiNonoM.j
AND SURGICAL INSTRUMENTB.
NoKTH, North Cemtbvi., and South Ckntrai. Uau.krieh.
471
I ininiMiiflBaaigiiiiMiihiM
_3SI
ssfifi4£w«^
Canl'i 8ilvar Fliitv.
f.47
Callcott, John, 31 AJmintl Terrace, Vauxhull
Brklijt lioad — Inventor and Manufacturer.
Newly invented French horn ; the novel feature being
its portability, the loose crooks commonly used being
dispensed with : to change the key, a continuous tube is
graduated into thirteen parts, each part being a semitone,
at each of which again an opening is made, into which is
inserted a short tube, leading from the belt of the horn
to the centre of the hoop, and there turning in any di-
rection, which receiving the wind as it passes through the
horn bears it away to the belt.
Comet It piston, on the same principle.
548 RooMB, Thob. Fred., 67 John Street, Fiizroy Sqitare
—Manufacturer.
Organ metal pipes, in plain and spotted metal — trum-
pet, hautboy, cremona, flute, open diapason, viol de
gamba, and keraolophon.
[The best metal for organ pipes is pure tin ; this, how-
ever, being expensive, it is frequently mixed largely ivith
pewter. Cremona is a corruption of /trumhom, on obsolete
Qerman wind instrument. — H. E. D.]
549 Qroomb, John, Watton, Norfolk — Inventor and
Manufacturer.
Transparent music, in which the notes can be distinctly
seen at a distance, either by day or candle light, adapted
for instructing large classes.
550 Mathews, W., 5 St. James Street, Nottingham —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Model, exhibiting the string frame of an upright piano-
forte with lever tuning apparatus; the object being to
sustain the pressure of the strings, and prevent the in-
strument getting out of tune.
An upright pianoforte, in which an apparatus is intro-
duced to keep the instrument in its upright position. It
is also simple in action, and contains an apparatus whereby
various degrees in quality of tone may be produced.
551 Andrews, Richard, 4 Palatine BuiUiiiujs, Manchester,
and 84 Oxford Street — Inventor.
Apparatus for giving a good position to the hands,
arms, and fingers of pupils commencing the pianoforte ;
also for strengthening the fingers in excr:cise3 for that
instrument.
553 UisuoP, J. C, 1 Lisson a roce South— Deaigner and
Manufacturer.
Cabinet organ, containing composition pedals, by which
the performer can command any combination of stops,
without the aid of the hands or confinement of the feet;
the wind being also perfectly steady and free from tremor.
[Composition stops are used for changing the arrange-
ment of organ stops, without the aid of the hands, and
vary in different instruments.— H. E. D.]
554 Dawson, Charles, 39."> S'/(vjh<?— Inventor.
Autophon. An improvement of the organ, the tunes,
which are unlimited, being produced by meaun of per-
forated sheets of mill board; it enables any person, un-
skilled in the art, to perform pieces of music with eass.
555 Qrav & Uavison, 9 New Koad, Fltzroy Sqiiari—^
Designers and Manufacturers.
A grand church orguu of the first class, consisting of
three full rows of keys or manuals, from CC 8 feet, to F
in alt., and an independent pedal organ of two octaves,
and a third, from CCC IG feet, to E; two bellows, hori-
zontal, with double feeders of wind of different weights,
and six composition pedals for changing the sto)>B, which
are 39 in number, — 13 in the gi-eat organ, 9 in the swell,
8 in the choir, 4 in the pedal organ, and 5 for coupling
the manuals, and the manuals and pedals together. All
the latest improvements are adopted in the construction
of this instrument. The case is of novel character, made
of solid oak, carved with double impost mouldings,
supporting four towers of speaking-pipes, which are deco-
rated; the whole from designs by Mr. Albert Howell,
architect.
A small church organ, with one manual, from CC
8 feet, to F in alt., and pedals of two octaves and two
notes, in extent from CCC 10 feet, to D, with Bourdon
stop. The whole of the manuals are enclosed in a Vene-
tian swell, and there are two pedals for changing the
stops. The case is of Gothic design, made of deal stained
and varnished.
Patent improved church barrel-oi-gan, playing any
number of tunes, without the necessity of shifting the
barrels in and out of the instrument. The change from
one tune to another, on whatever barrel, is made in the
simplest manner possible, and an index always shows the
name of the tune about to be played.
656 Fit'', VV., & Co., Tottenham Court i?uuc/— Designers
and Manufacturers.
Finger : ^^asi with two sets of channels; compass from
CC to F, with separate sound-boards on extra pressure of
wind, containing a reed stop of great power, separate
pedal sound -board of two octaves and a half from CCC;
the whole of the channels placed in a swell box ; the compo-
sition and drawing of the stops being on a new principle.
This organ contains two manuals, a gi-eat organ of ten
stops, and on echo organ of five stops. Both are enclosed
in swell- boxes, the echo organ being in a box which opens
into the larger one. The mechanism is upon an entirely
new construction, and is much simplified. The stops
are drawn by means of keys, to which is attached the
pneumatic apparatus, so that a trifling pressure of thi
finger only is reqtiired to change them. The compositioL
pedals also, by acting upon the above keys, are remark-
ably light, and eifect the changes in the stops with much
greater ease than those on the old plan. A new system of
valves has been introduced to the great organ, which
secures lightness and equality of touch. The organ also
contains a new stop, of immense power and volume of
tone, called the " tuba mirabilis," the invention of the
exhibitors.
478
Ci.AH* 10.— PHIUKSOPHICAL, MUSiCAf,, fI()HOli(KJICAIi,
North, North Cuntral, and 9()vni Okntral 1>aij.kiiik!1.
rUjiiTKD
[TIm lountl-tKNtnl of nn or)(an ia the upper part of the
wind ohoat in which the niouthi of the piiw* are iuiortfd,
and, by the removal of a iiniall valve, mundml. The
inanuaU are the atopa played by the hand: the tonn alao
ia aynonynioua with ka;i-'>»<iiil. Pedala were invented by
a German, called Bonihard, abont 1400. The awell waa
invented by an En^liahuiun, in the laat century, the idea
havinx Iweii aug^B'ted, it ia aaid, by the niodifted intonaity
of aiiiuid from a pianoforte, prt>duoed by tlio opening and
doainff of the door of a mom in which it wan played.
The rhannola convey the wind to tlie pi])ca, — H. K. D.]
557 lioLDicH, Ogohuk Mavdwkli, H., 4 JmlJ Place
k'ii$t, h'iiii'g Criiiu — Manufacturer.
Rniall choir-orgim; having a atop, called tlie " dia-
octon " which niakeH every aingle atop m good aa two
diatinct onea; liaving, therefore, double tlie power and
variety of an ordinary organ.
[The choir organ, jToperly ao calletl, ia that part of n,
large organ which ia uaed fur accompanying the choir of
Ihmt View and Profile of the Finoer-boarm, on a 8aaU of One Unirlh.
aingora in a church or cathedral, ami ia aufter voiced than
the ruat of the inatrunient. — H. K. D.]
fiftR Nolan, W.
Artiflcial teeth.
H. — Inventor,
J-
Lowest board contains Keys of C, F\ O', Rb' Major, Bb' Major, Eb
Major, A b Major, D' Minor ; and by ha\ ing Exchiingoable pipos for Gb'
and Gb', Cb' and Cb', the Keys of Db" Major, Gb' Miijor, bb' Minor, Bb'
Minor, Eb' Minor. Middle board. Keys of E', B', fS' Major, D' Major,
C" Major, and (with help from the D' board) A\ <!#", G#'. Upporniost
bo.ird, the Keys of D*, A\ P Major, Bb' Majoi", G", und (with help from
the E booid) B", E", and F*\
o.'ii) ItoiwoN, T. J, F., 101 St. Hf.iitiu'i Lane —
Miuiufikcturur.
Eidiarinonio orgiui ; uruMenting the power of executing
with the xiniplo ratliM In twenty keys, with a corrovtiun
for uhangiM of temiHirature. By Lt.-Culunul T. Purronet
Thoiu)iaoti.
The object of this instrument is, flrst, todetocuiino the
proportions which make music in a single Key, and
then to transfer the same proportions to a variety of keys,
beginning from some of the previoualy establiahe<l auuuda
aa u now key-note.
The same process waa attempted by the ancients,
constituting what they cidled the Enharmonic; but it
broiie down an I was finally abandoned, in conaetjuence
of making an unfortunate division for a aingle key.
The leading principle involved in this
instrument, ia, that the Dissonances are
dii'ili'f, or have eivch two /«/•/«», one of
which makes liarmonious combinations
with the Fifth of the Key and tlie
Thirds, and the other with the Fourth
and the 8ixths. Hence, if the one set
is coloured white lutd the other black,
the siuularity of colour will help to
point out the connexion. The best way
of illustrating this will be to refer to
thi} lowest or C board, in the repro-
suntation of the tinger-boarda annexed,
taking no notice for the present of the
smellier manuals resembling the keys of
atliito. Thukey-notuC is coloured red ;
which in the Plate is represented by
luugitudin<il lines, tm done in Henddry.
The same process is applied on the
middle board for the key of E, and on
the upjiormoat board for the key of
D\ When this wna done, it waa plain
th.kt by the a<ldition of a compaiittiveiy
small number of manuals, several more
keys might be pro<hiced ; which wim
accordingly done, by the addition uf
the manuals which, from the likeness
formerly described, may be called the
A further addition was ma<le of the
manuals on the middle and uppermost
boards, which from their form may be
dunomiiuted b ittimi ,- giving the power
of making E«, Bi». mid Fx. There is
also a provision of simru jiiiMts for d'b
and Cb, by moons of which preimratioii
may bo made for playing in five and iu
six flats.
On the whole, the number of keys
auiouiits to twenty, extending fi'oiii
ci<;lit sharjis (or as goiierally called, six
Hliav[)s and a double sharp) to six flats.
Ill many cases, there are keys for the
twi> fii'inn of the same note, which may
Im failed for according to circumstuucus.
Tiiu different sounds resulting, are dis-
played in the Table which follows (next
pa^e). Though adapted to ,'i:l <liviaions,
tlmy are not the sounds of the division
into ,'>:i equal intervals, but the acciir.ite
8(uiiid.», as may be proved by examina-
tion of their Mi'ii.vnvs. A line drawn
over any number of figures implies that
they form a rocurring decimal. Though
the appearanco of such a number of
sounds is formidable, it has been proved
by experience, that three weeks are Rufficieut for acc^uiriiig the same facility aa on an ordinary instrument; and
KiMiiKm.]
AND SURGICAL INSTnUMENTS.
NOIITII, NhHTH (JKNTItAli, ANU HoUTH CbNTHAI. OAU.KRIBt.
m
iftar voioed than
vai'ioty of keys,
tabliahetl Buumli
r tlie ancieoU,
■inonio; but it
ill coiMetiuenca
ingle koy.
iiivolvud ill tliJH
DiiMunaiicea are
ofwins, out) of
iH oombinatioMH
Koy aud tlie
'itii the Fourth
if the one Ret
ho other bloclc,
r will help to
Tlie best wny
be to refer to
in the repro-
onrtU nniiexod,
pi-erient of the
iiiK the IceyH cif
I coluuretl red ;
repre.-ieiited l)y
10 in Henildry.
applied on the
ly of E, and on
iV the key of
o, it was plain
comparatively
4, several nioio
I ; which V!iu
10 addition of
II the likenuM
' be called the
iinbur of keys
toudillfr fi'OIIl
dly called, nix
|)) to six fliit>(.
I keys for the
;o, which may
ircumstunccM.
Itiiig, are <lirt-
followH (next
) ft.l divisions,
'f tho division
t tho accurate
I by oxamina-
^ line drawn
^ implies that
nial. Though
* number of
i been proved
ruuient; aud
dlreotinna are appended to the iniitruiiient, by whioh
any iterformer who will ooiwent to follow them iiiay^ at
a lirMt littiuK, iierforiii with iiionnsidernble riitk of error
in a limited niimlter of keys.
The tuiiiuK is effected by means of what is called a
Plumimeler, being a monochord with a wire of four feet,
stretched by a weight capable of very accurate a<\iust-
inent. The ooiiiimmm is what is called the Qerman scale,
or from C 0 to / in alto, The piiios are of wood, of what
is called Htoppud Diapason, and each is tuned with a
screw, the wliolo iiumiter being I ri.'i, besides those whioh
iiuty be denominated Kxchangeablo, The swell is divided
in two at (niddle c\ and each part has a quick movement
anil a slow. The dimoiirtions of the instrument are, in
extreme height 8 feet .^\ inchea English measure (7 feet
1 1 inches French) ; length 7 feet 5 inches ; depth :1 feet
7 inches.
Taulk ok .SouNtis IN Knmaumosic Oiioan.
Eni'tn in \
Primitirt Key.
Key-note
Uiavo Min. 2nd
Acute Min. 2nd
Oravo Mc^. '2nd
Acute Mtv^. 2nd
Minor Thii-d .
MnjorThh-d .
Fourth . . .
Tritone . . .
Fifth . . .
Minor Sixth .
Major Sixth .
(iiiivo Mill. 7th
Acute Min. 7th
Urave Maj. 7th
Acute M^). 7th
Octave
Htmrilt i»
vhkh foHitiL
C £ D
C*
D
E D
E»
C
C
C E D
C E
E
£
C* P
C D
D
C E D
£•
iV»ii
I Indtnmnh
C E
C|| E
D+
D
E D
c
E
Gt
CJ
Et
C*
D
C
E D»
£ D
C
C» K*
E D
E*
E
D
D
E D»
C
C
a
Et
D
C E D
c
C»'
cr
w
w
D'
Pit'
Et.'
E"
E'
E'
m
F'
r
F»'
Fr
Gb'
Ob'
Fx
O'
0'
G«'
Ab
A"
A'
A'
A»'
Ar
w
Bb'
B'
B'
Cb'
Cb'
B«
C"
c-
0
1
2
3
4
6
7
8
9
10
II
12
V.\
U
15
IB
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
28
27
28
29
;k)
;u
32
3.1
34
35
30
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
no
51
.52
53 or
I;
■IWflMXIO
•vt»
■M
•WHiiSl
Km
'MftMtt
"•_
'MM
•mi
■ssia
•w»7»
•m
•SI
•8
■TMI^HM
•788
•"»
•741)740
•7ri
•7IW»
•iWji
•mtm
•67i
■(HiO
■84H
'64
'«»
'6074
'S7li
'60^
'uS
'54
'wi
'iltUtCH
'M2
'.■HWliS
'4
5(10 Hiewin-, P. C, Tvickenham—lnymtor,
The musical ratiometer. {Snut/i Walt.)
6((1
WxiMKn, J. W., 27 Friinoiii Street, Ilttlford
Simnre — Manufacturer.
An organ (in the Tudor style, duiiigne<l by Banks and
Barry), adapted for a hall or music room. This oi'gon ia
represented in the out on the following page.
502 FoMTKm & Anbrkwr, //M//~Manufacturers.
Original model of the transposing organ, wliich enablea
the ]ierformer to change the pitch of liis instrument Ave
semitones higher or lower from a given pitch, by an easy
turn of a siiutU key. The manuals remain stationary.
[The method generally employed by iiiusiciuus when
transposing (i. c. clianging the key of) a piece of music,
is to suppose it written in another clefT, «. j/. original key
~^— I'^y required D, suppose tho luuaio written in
the alto Jleff
-H. E. D.]
n
-P— and the note indicated becomes D.
' flulal.
II Hook. i lliitton { KxclianiieaLle llpe.
606 Ofo«8Miih, W. It., 175 Fieet Stretit—lny^niot
and Manufacturer.
Artificial legs, for amputation above and below the
knee; or at the ankle, allowing the free use of the natural
kueo-juint. The siuiie for cuutracted knee (foot ampu-
tated), with locking joints. Common socket and pin leg,
with knee-joint. Artificial eyes. Spring braces for the
prevention of round shoulders and stooping; with other
liistruinouts.
507 Eaoland, Thomas, iecrfi— Monufacturer.
Tottle's trusses for inguuiol and feinoi-nl hernia.
Ihuidage for prolapsus of the rectum.
Knee-joint extensor.
508 Miua, James, Street, near aiastunb try —
Inventor.
Improved double trtiss for hernia, invented by a la-
bouring man.
5(}9 Masters, Moses, 12 St. DaviJ Street,
Neiciwiton — Manufacturer.
Artificial leg, for aiuputotion obovo tho knee.
570 Caplin, Jean Fban<;oi8 Isidore, Strawbemj IJill,
Pendleton, Manchester — Inventor and Manufacturer.
Gymnastic apparatus, and orthorochidic instruments,
for deformity of the spine, &c.
570a Caplin, Madame, 58 Bemers Street, Oxford Street,
and 55 1'rincesa Street, Manchester- Inventor and
Patentee.
Tho Hygeianio corsets. The registered corporifomi
coi-aets, plain and mechanical. The new contracting belt.
Abdominal supporters. Medical btilt and chest expander.
Spinal corsets. The child's boddioe ; also the reverso-
tiautor, to prevent children standing on one log, with a
variety of other Hygeisuic adaptations made in accordance
with the science of anatomy and physiology.
571 SwiTHBNBANK.J., 100 Bridge Street, Bradford,
rwA«Airc— Manufacturer.
Artificinllegs. ^
572 LoNODON & TimBERER, /)(;/'67— Inventors
and Manufaoturei's.
Elastic surgical stockings, knee-caps, belts, &o., whioh
require no lacing, and may be washed in hot water.
57a Smith, S., 1 High //b/toni— Manufacturer.
Vavious trusses of different constructions, bandages,
belts, &c.
414
Ci.Atm 10.— PHTLOfiOrilTCATi, MUSICAL, HOROLOOICAL,
North, North Cbntrai,, anu Huuth C'rnthai. Gallrhikh.
[ Unitbd
Leg initriim«nt, fur rixht log.
Klikatlo knoo-oii]), toliuio, intotl tn Niipimrt the knee-joint
Anklu iDck, to lu««, umjiI to Nii|i|iiii't tliu itnklu-Ji)iiit.
Imso Htooking, for producing preuure on •wollan vuiu«
ill the ItigH.
HyriiiKHii Rilvurontlietiim, ItoiigitM, poHurioa, &«.
Walkit'if^rtfiin.
574 GuHlMEB, Samukl, 71 Baker street, Portman Square,
— Desigiiur and Producer.
Casta of nioutha. Sota of ai'tificial teetb. Various
casoa of ai-titiciul teoth.
575
UoRNE, James, West Ueijent Street, Glasgow —
Desigiioraiid Manufacturer.
Three modela of innutha, with artificial caaea of toetli,
showing a plim of Htting teeth in tlie mouth so tu to
obviate the neceasity of applying wires or bauds of luetiU
to the sound teeth.
Models of irregular aets of teeth, showing a plan of
correcting them by means of palladium plates. These
plates are tasteless and economical, and may be made so
as to gradually press the teeth into the true position.
Tiiere are three specimens of each regulaiity, showing
improvements in progress.
The' models No. 1 represent deformed teeth in their
original state.
The models No. 2 represent doforme<l teeth at fii-st, and
afterwards as pressed out with tlie plate, and drawn in
with silk.
The models No. 3 represent deformo<l teeth niiulo
straight by fastening silk round the tueth, and pins ut ouch
side.
576 Lacbie, S., 30 Arijijle street, New /foiitA— De»igncr.
Artificial teeth, carved in hippopotamus ivory.
577 James, John Haddv, F.R.C.8,, Exeter — Inventur,
Surgical instruments and apparatus.
A collar, resting below, on the collar bones; above,
supporting the base of the jaw and cranium, witli liinnos
and screw, by which the face and head may be raised in
cases of contntction ; disease of the cervical vertebra; ; and
in wry neck; with two casts illustrating its effects.
A pair of forceps, which may be designated a bono-
holder. Its use is to grasp the projecting cud of any bono
which it may be necessary to saw off; with this iustnuueut
a firm and steady hold can be obtained, and the bone iw
readily sawn through as if it were entire. It isaiiplicable
to coses of compound fracture; conical stumps or bones
left too loii),' in; common amputations; and nonunitvd
fnicturc.
KiitnDOM.]
ura on •wolhw wiiM
Kxeter — Inventur,
AND fiUUOICAL IN8TRUMKNTS.
NoBTn, North CRNrnAi.. and Houtii CicNTnAL OAU.RniKR.
47B
An Imnrovad mw, which mhj b« iwlvnntii|(eoiiiily mi))-
■titiited for the vnriou* fonn* of nietitonrpal HawN, or Nmull
mwH commonly in urn for iiiirRinal pur|MMoii. TIiIm miw
wiM invented by the exhll)itor fur the piirpom of mtwinR
through the lower Jaw, imrullul with nnd olo«e to tlie
boae, In • onae of tumour.
Model of an anrmratuH employed in the treatment of
fhuitiire* of the thigh, with Moompanying itketoh, ahow-
lug it* uw.
{)78 Air, Claudiu*, ft Soni, fl ami 0 Brnaii Sired,
0 olden Sqmire — Maiiufacturont,
Improved minernl teeth, with gold tuboa.
Two acta of teeth, mounted, und aome amaller pieoet;
a!i)o single teeth of vnrioua forma and ooloum.
I Artificial teeth, for a oonaiderable period, were ex-
oluHlvely made of the tuak of the hippopotamiia, a iniito-
rial oloHoIy reaembling in colour human teeth, and aua-
cu]it!ble of a fine polish. A large number, inoluaive of
those described, are now miulo of a peculiar dcsoription of
piirculiiin, ao intensely hard na to ruMlst stuul flics: they
aro consuquuntly united with corundum. They closely
resemble natural teeth, and aro made of different shades
of colour.— R. E.]
579 Pahm, 25 NmHmjton Creaeent, fCmnington —
Inventor.
Artificial teeth.
."-.SI
PcRr.INR, WiLUAM, 17r> I'roiiiect Place, JUnidn Hill,
Pttildmiitim — Designer and Manufacturer.
Artificial teeth, carved from the hippopotamus tooth.
Mineral teeth on gold, with side spriiigH complete. Na-
tural teeth, sot in hippopotamus tooth sockets. Specimens
of partial coses.
582 lloDiNSON, James, 7 Qower Street, Bedford
Sqiutre — Inventor.
Artificial teeth, with gold masticators, on suction
principles. Eloatic gold lever, used for turning irregular
teeth in the upper jaw. Spiral spring for correcting
deformities in teuth.
583 Keid, R., 19 I/eriut Bow, Edinburgh— Inyenior.
Compress for alveolar hoomorrhago, with expanding
plate and tumscrew; adapt«<l to a model head and chin,
to show the mode of attachment and working of the
api>aratus on both jaws.
584 Ransom, Robert, 3 Vendnm Place, Haitingi —
Manufacturer.
Case of artificial teeth.
585 MoLLisoN, James, 3 Qrove Terrace, St. John's
WoikI — Inventor.
Pedestal planisphere, giving a natural representation of
<4?«^'
MnUianirii IViltsUl noninplierc.
the heavens at any given time. It is intended to solve the
chief problems of the glo>)a, and preserve the forma of
tlio constellations. Hee preceding out.
587 White, Jorn, 'i3H /'icc'fii/i7/y— Manufacturer.
Various single and double tnimies, known M the
" IVitent Moc-raain Lever Truss."
68U ToD, D., 5 Upper Fittroij Street, Filtroy Square
— Inventor.
Improved single and double trusses,
590 Thomson, Hugh, M.I)., Qreenock, Sootland—
Inventor.
Apparatus intended for fractures of the thigh with the
knee bent, or in a struiglit position, for fractures of tha
log. The proposed advantages of this apparatus are : 1st.
Tiie power of making suitable extension and counter-
extension whilst the knee is bent. 2iid. Hv means of the
pelvic portion, a mure advantageous angle is obtained for
making counter-extension. 3nl. The Mmdages contain-
Ing steal springs, whioh encircle and grasp the limb, being
fixed to the splint, serve for making extension and
counter-extension. 4th. Numerous points for making
extension and counter-extension are obtained, so that
no port may suffer from an undue pressure. The proper
angle of flexion of the knee is maintained by the screw
for that purpose at the knee-joint, and by pillows placed
below the limb.
691 Sparks, J., ft Co., 28 Cumlnit street, Reijent St., and
116 Nev> UottdSt. — Manufacturnrs.
Spinal machine, with elastic spring crutulies, for weak-
ness of the spine. Registered,
Dr. Fouoart's spinal rectlflnr, and chest-expundor.
Dr. Foucort's improved splints for fracture of tibia and
fibula.
Extending knee instrument for contracted knees.
Portable spring crutch, for convenience in travelling,
&c.
Now elastic single and double spring trusses, with vul-
canized Indian-rubber pads. Umbilical truss, with air
pods. Bathing truss, covered in India rubber.
Elastic spiral silk stockings, ankle-socks, and knoe-cnps,
for relief and cure of voi'icose veins, and for giving sup-
port after fractures, dislocation, sprains, &o. ; elastic silk
belt for giving support, fto.
Elastic steel bocklxiard, with vulcanized ludia-rubbor
arm-HtraiM, for stooping of the shoulders, ftc.
Young lady's boot, for weak ankles.
Moulded leather hip, knee, and ankle splints, for con-
fining the motion of the limb during disease.
Hydrostatic, or water bed, invented by Dr. Arnott.
India-rubl>or wnter-pillow, for holding hot or cold water.
Waterproof silk coat.
Portable cloak boat, for crossing rivers and lakes ; can
be worn as an ordinary cloak, being waterproof and light,
and can bo instantly inflated. Hand paddles for cloak
boat. '_
592 FiTLuai, John, 239 Whilechajiel Boad— Inventor.
Artificial leg, eyes, and nose. Improved scarificator,
with shifting pimons, for cupping. Improved truss.
Antique metal -gilt oval watch, mode in the reign of
Charles I., by "Francois Nawe, at London."
694 Salmon, Odv, & Co., 292 Strand— Inventors
and Manufacturers.
Patent single and double self-adjusting trusses, for in-
guinal hernia. Truss for umbilical and right femoral
hernia.
New resisting, anti-pressure, self-ofljusting truss, with
regulating spring, suggested by Dr. Arnott.
596 Brunxon, J., Iliuldersficld-
Artificial leg.
-Manufacturer.
476
Class 10.— PHILOSOPHICAL, MUSICAL, HOROLOGICAL,
North, Noutii Central, and South Central Galleries.
[United
507
L'Estranoe, Fra>'CI8, :39 Dawson Street, Dublin —
Inventor.
Varioua patent trussea.
Strioturo instrument.
Apparatus for the reduction of dislocations ; having
a windlass and pulleys; and a disengaging apparatus, with
extension and counter-extension hooks.
Api>aratua for the cure of fractures of the lower jaw,
composed of two parts, the divariciktor, and the horse-shoe
splint with the cramps.
Lithotrite instruments, composed of the sound and
sounding-board, the screw lithotrite, and drill.
598 HcxLBV, Edward, 5 VereSt. — Manufacturer.
Stockings, knee cajw, calf-pieces, and anclets, for vari-
cose veins, weiikncss, sprains, fractures, and all cases in
which bandages can be applied.
601 Miles, Edward, 15 Literjmol Street, Biahopsjate —
Proprietor.
A set of mineral and curved teeth. Several whole and
partial highly -finished sets of teeth. Gold palates.
GOlc Chapman, T., & Alderma.v, J., 8 Pemwirk St., Suho
— Inventors and Manufactia-oi-s.
Qenenil invalid couch, which is capable, by mechanism,
of being changed into any recjuired position, without dis-
turbing the mtient ; the change of position being so
gntdual that it is almost imperceptible.
It nill form an easy chair, with aims, which adjust
themselves without trouble, or con be taken off if required,
without unscrewing.
It is also suitable for surgical cases, as every variety of
position can be obtained. When converted into u level
couch, the moveable scroll end at the head may be turned
into a writing table and rea<ling desk, so that a patient,
while reclining, may read and wiite with comfort.
The mattress is elastic, resting upon an elastic-adjusting
foundation, by which all pressure can bo taken off from
any part of the patient, in cases of long illness.
The following cut i-cpresents the couch.
Chiipman's Invalid Couch.
GO Id MacMahon, Ciiahles, Upper Camihti Street, Dublin
— Inventor.
1 . The jiiw-lever, a newly-invented iustnunent for keep-
ing open the mouth of the horse, ox, dog, or any other
animal whilst udiuinistenng medicine or performing an
openition. The a<lvantages are simplicity, without injury
to the animal's lU'Uith, and protection to the oi>enttor.
2. A teni]>orary hoi-se-shoe, to fasten on without nails;
useful where u foot is unsound, or where it may be neces-
sary to remove the shoe frequently.
602 FiNZl, H. L., 0 Diilhi/ Terrace, Cit;! liond, fslingt<m
— lii /entoi- or.d M.anufacturer.
Univoi-sal drill, designed nni made for the purpose of
removing decay from teeth to prepare them for stopping.
Can be used at all angles of the mouth without incou-
enience.
Upper and under set of teeth, carved entirely from a
t«oth of the hippopotamus.
604 Halford, H., 8 St, John Sqiutre — Manufaotui-er.
Artificial human eyes. Eyes for figures life-sieo. Eyes
for miniature figures — animals, dolls, and birds— of
varioua sizes and colours.
005 Atkinson, Benjamin Frederick, 26 Strand—
Inventor and Proprietor.
Itegistered anal truss. The instrument consists of an
elastic pad, which dispenses with the necessity for steel
springs round the body,
Keotum-supporter of ordinary construction. Artificial
lug for below the knee. Artificial hand and arm.
InstrumentB for correcting distortion of the bones of
the leg, and for weak knees, when they incline inwards,
Variety of trusses. Improved bandage for prolapsus.
606 BuNNEY, Charles, 27 Lon-er Katun Street, Pimlico—
Manufacturer.
Surgical belts, &c.
607 Whibley, Ebenezer, 12 Lloyd's Place, Bivmpfnti.
Surgical operating table ; a contrivance for placing tlie
body and legs of the patient at various elevations and
mcliiiations. ___^_____^^__
609 PUCKRIDGE, F. L., 4 York Place, Walicort/i—
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Transparent v.-aterproof membrane plaisters.
Tinted goldbeaters skin and court plaister.
610 BiNYON, Alfred, 3 Oreat Marlborough St., Regent Ht.
— Inventor and Manufactui-er.
Elastic chest-expandera.
612
Sphatt, William Henry, 2 Brook Street, Uanover
Sfpiare — Manufacturer.
Single and double trusses ; the new tiiiss devised by
Dr. Amott. Pads, belts, and bandages, of vai-ious con-
structions. Elastic luced stocking.
New spinal chair, which may be used as a bed, chair,
sofa, or in a carriage, designed by R. Druitt, Esq.
613
LiNOSEY, Mark, 204 High Street, Borough —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
Various trusses for hernia in adults and cliildren.
614 Lee, John, /W<,/<«-t/— Inventor and Manufacturer,
Bedstead, which is so constructed that the patient
may be raised by macliineiy, the bed made up under
him, and he may recline iu any position most easy to
himself; all with the assistance only of one attendant.
615 Keeps, John Henry, 46a Liverpool Street, City-
Inventor and Monufactui-er.
Pulpit, containing a gutta-percha heai'ing apparatus,
for the deaf in churches, chapels, lecture-rooms, &c. ; a
gutta-percha funnel is placed out of sight, to which the
tubing is attached, and carried under the woud-w >rk ur
floor, to the pew in w hich the deaf person sits. The end
of the tube is applied to the tw.
>Self-ai1justing prolapsus spring- bandage and abdoniinid
supporter, with gutta-{iei-cha pud ; also self-adjuHtiug
abdominal spring-belt.
617 RoDIsso.v, UlCBARD, 27 Cumberland Street, Portica—
Inventor.
An artificial leg; with the foot constructed so as to
dispense with steel springs; the invention being adapted
to an amputation either above or below the knee-joint.
019 Arnott, J., M.D,, M Baker Street, Portnum Square-
Inventor.
Curront apparatus for regulating the temperature of
morbid parts with precision, and combining an appropriate
temperature with equal pressure.
KiNonoM.]
AND SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS.
North, North Centbai., and South Central Galt.erikr.
477
ved entirely from j
»i Street, Pmlico—
Street, Portsea—
Appamtufi for applying a very low or auKBthetic tem-
perature in various inflammatory and painful diHensefl.
[The object of the apparatus hero describrd is to supply
a constant source of pressure, combined with a constant
abstraction or supply of caloric. This is useful in the
treatment of inflammatory and irritative diseases, and has
been fouud of service in the relief of the pain of ulcers
and diseased joints. A waterproof cushion is applied to
the part, and its contents are changed by a current of
water from a small reservoir elevated above the patient.
A uniform temperature, whether below or above the
standard of the body, is thus supplied. It is a singular
fact that pain may be actually extinguished by benumbing
cold, and the apparatus for supplying this degree of tem-
perature has been successfully used in the relief of inflam-
matory and neuralgic diseases. The term antcsthetic is
applied to agencies which remove the power of perceiving
pain. The perpettwl siphon exhibited is used in the ap-
plication of this temperature to internal diseases, and for
other purposes in surgery. An anaesthetic teniperatiu-e
may also be substituted fur chloroform in many surgical
operations. — R. E.]
Apparatus for removing contractions or obstructions in
the excretory canals by the dilatation of fluid pressure.
[Dilatation by fluid pressjire was suggested as a remedy
iu> the cases described by Dr. Neil Arnott. It excels
some modes of treatment in the (juickness and safety of
its action, and in the permanence of its effects. The
principle of this dilator is illustrated by the suspended
distensible tube; its construct i<m by the instniments in
the glass case. A fluid pressure dilator, used in the ex-
traction of stone, and another used in dystocia, are also
exhibited.— R. E.]
620 Leaked, Arthur, 0»lart, Wexford, Treland—
Inventor.
Double stethoscope, made of gutta-percha.
624 Simpson, G., F.R.C.S., 6 Bedford Street, Bedford
Square — Manufacturer and Inventor.
Anatomical model of the human figure, in papier
mach^ and gutta percha. On the right of the figure, are
represented the external layer of muscles, the superficial
arteries, veins, and nerves ; on the left, are shown the tieconil
and third layers of muscles, with the deep-seated vosaels
and nerves. The chest and abdomen are moveable, in
order to exhibit the internal organs ; and the skull-cap,
to show a vertical section of the brain. The arteries ara
coloured red, the veins blue, and the nerves white.
Anatomical model in gtttta percha, being a vertical
section of the human head and neck, exhibiting the brain,
spinal marrow, membranes, and sinuses; together with
tlie nose, mouth, larynx, fauces, the large blood vessels,
and parts concerned in the cavity of the mouth,
625 TowNE, JosEPa, G«i/'« Hospital — Producer.
Deep section of the head, showing the distribiition of
the fifth nerve, the internal ear, the muscles and nerves of
the orbit, and the muscles, large vessels, and nerves of
the cervical region. Model showing the muscles, blood
vessels, and nerves of the neck, upiwr extremity, and
chest. From dissections by John Hilton, Esq., F.R.S.,
of Guy's Hospital.
Twelve models from the egg of the goose, exhibitmg
the progress of development during incubation. Twenty
models from the egg of the common fowl, exhibiting the
same.
627 Brown, John, &Son, Greii Street, Newcastle-upon-Tyne
— Manufacturers.
_ The railway tourniquet, exhibited for efficiency and
simplicity of application.
The aneurismal compress, for the application of the
treatment of pressure to aneurism.
Dilators for stricture. The ostrooide, or oyster opener.
628 Salt, M,, St. So», 21 Bull Street, Binnimjham—
Manufacturers,
1 — 7. Cases of surgical instnnnents: for amputation;
post-moHem examination ; minor o])ei'ntionB, by Cooper;
dissection; catlieters, for strictures ; for the pocket; and
Kidston's mechanical leeches,
[The pnnciple of the mechanical leech is identical with
tl at of the ordinary cupping appoi-atus. The sciuiflcator
is comjiosed of three lancet points, which inflict a wound
of the same form as that given by the leech. The punc-
ture is instantaneous, and is produced by '.he operation
of a spiral spring, which, released, jirojects the pointB
into the flesh ; a vacuum pump is atfaiched, the piston of
which is withdmwn, also by the operation of a spiral
spring, into the b.irrel of which the blood flows; when
filled, it is removed, and another small pump is applied,
the piston being at the lower part of the cylinder, and the
operation of the spiral spring withdrawing the piston and
fonning the vaciuim alliuled to,]
8 — i;t. Salt's registered spontaneous, and enema ai>pa-
ratus.
[The spontaneous action syringe or enema is produce<l
by the compression of the air, which operates upon the
surface of the fluid by its eloMticity, and forces it out by
its reaction or desire to regain its oijuilibrium. The o|h)-
ration is, of course, less powerful towards the conclusion
of the discharge, but it is still sufficiently so to effect
the intention.]
14. Improved medical galvanic apparatus.
Five patterns of stethoscopes.
Five patterns of midwifery forceps.
Four patterns of uterine specula.
Skey's new toui-niquet, for amputationa.
1 0. Scarificator for cupping.
20. Tooth-extracting instruments, including Salt'a
compound.
21. Two chloi-oform inhalers.
22. Fifty varieties of surgeon's pocket instruments.
23. Salts, improved pessary, for prolapsus uteri and
bandage.
24. Six trusses for hernia.
25. Models of elastic stockings, fracture apparatus,
and instrument for club feet.
2G. Sundry instruments and appliances.
15.
16.
17.
18,
{529 Rein, Chahleb, 108 Sfraiuf— Inventor.
New instrument for aiding the hearing, which requires
no spring, and is not observable ; the length of the tube
is 18 inches.
Various instruments of the same kind, which may bo
worn without being seen.
Acoustic chair, vases, bells, walking-sticks, telescopes,
&c,, adapted for vai-ious useful purposes.
Conical flexible whispering-tubes ; domestic telegraph ;
ear-caps or reflectors ; acoustic pulpit, luid group of
acoustic instruments.
Continual stream enema reservoir; several kinds of
aperitive vases and enemas,
Eoi' springs of different constructions. Registered,
self-acting loctatory. A viu'iety of tubuliu' eiur specula
and other instinimeuts.
630 Greenhow, T, M,, Newcdstte-npon Tync — Inventor.
Fracture bed, for the treatment of patients having frac-
tures of the thigh and leg,
63 1 Ferguson & Sons, 2 1 Giltspur iS<r««(— Manufacturer.
Complete set of surgical instrumentB, for capital and
minor operations.
478
Class 10.— PHILOSOPHICAL, MUSICAL, HOROLOGICAL,
KOHTII, NUKTH CKNTIIAL, AND SuUTIi CKNTUAL OALLRItlKS.
[Ukited
8iHioimena of foroep«, sciHsora, kuivea, and touniiquota,
lucludinK Mr. Skoy'in, luul Dr. MiUiui's. Case of gilt oMio-
ton. Mr. Wakley'n stricture iiiHtruineiits.
Speculuius. Iiwtruui'jiitM for litliutrity.
lioutiil, poly|>i, and midwifery iuHtrunionts.
Splinta and inclined pliuieo for the differant fmotui'eg.
' Dr. Uui^isew's aiipai'utuB for fumigationit iu digeases of
tUe hair.
Apparatus uaetl in orthope<lio surgery, sknwing the latest
improveiuonts for the treatment of conti-actiouH of the
neck, hip, knee, f«>ot, arm luid hiuids, inuludiugupimrotua
for lateral anil posterior spinal ourvutui'es.
631a Wki88& Son, 6*2 ^d-nnrf— Inventors, Monufaoturen,
and PutenttwH.
Contploto cabinet of surgical instruments, containing
all that are necessary for general oiwnitions iu sui-gery,
and combining the latest improvements. In this cabinet,
the iustnuuenU itre so arriuiged that each sot is com-
plete, and the drawers and trays are so pliuiueil that the
instruments may l>e seen at once. The handles of the
instruments are made of presseil buffalo horn, this sub-
stance lieiug light and duntble, and calculated to prevent
their splitting or breaking.
The st-row lithotrito, iuvontml by the exhibitor.
The lithotrito, as used by I'rofossor Fergusson, substi-
tuting the rack and pinion to.- the screw.
Invalid be«i couch or bearer. When carefully placed
on the bed by an attendant, it will enikblo the })atient, with
little assistnnoe, to place himself in an easy position, as in
a solf-iicting luin-chair. Uy means of a brotiid bond placed
underneath, he can Ih> lifted out of bed and taken up or
downstairs; and by a board sliding between the anus, it
is rendered convenient for i-eadiug, writing, or refresh-
ment.
Improved enema syringe, without valves or stop-cock.
Osteotome or rotary saw, for the ezuisiou of diseased or
fi-acturetl bono.
Splint, with extending screw, for fractured leg or
thigh.
Apparatus for contracted knee.
SupiMirt for the head in imralysis.
Jointed forceps for extracting foreign bodies from the
throat.
Patent fleam, for bleeding horses or cattle, iu which the
depth of the lancet ciui be nicely regulated, and dimgcr
avoided.
The preceding articles are the inventions of the exhi-
bitors.
Avery's lamp and reflector for examining the ear, throat,
and ditTereut canals of the body. The peculiar featui-us
of this apparatus are, the employment of a lamp and mir-
ror with an opening iu the centre, which enables the ofio-
rator to look immediately upon the object : and the use of
gazeine, in the lamp, which gives a more brilliant light
than cat! be obtained either from oil or from a caudle: to
this is added the necessary tubos, specula, &c.
Avery's new instrument for facilitating the operation of
lithotomy : by this instrument an operation is performed
with certainty.
BuUey's splint for fracture of the thigh. The advan-
tages of this splint are, that while extension is kept up by
means of a screw at the foot, the long continued imd inju-
rious strain upon the knee is taken off by the use of a soft
band passing above, and all excur>-ntiou of the thigh is
prevented, by a short regidating splint passing within the
long one.
HuUey's double tourniquet for compressing the artery
in aneurism. The advantages of this instrument are, the
firmness with which it sets upon the limb, and the pecu-
liarity of its form, adapting itself more completely to the
form of the limb when compressed by the pods.
Dr. Jarvis's surgical adjuster, for reducing dislocations,
adjusting fractures, and maintaining coaptation. By means
of this instrument an extending and counter-extending
force, equal to that of twelve men, mny be em[)loyed; all
or any part of which can be applied to the limb at plea-
sure, and yet the limb remains perfectly raove.ible and free
for manipulation.
Kvud's instrument for applying fluid to the nerves iu
tic doloureux.
Widdey's stricture instruments. The great advautjtgu
of these instrunumts is, that where the ivquired iMMvtgu
is once secured, it need not be surreudereil until tlie pit),
{ler en>I is gaine<t.
Whitohouse's safety ap]>aratus for transfusion. Uy
means of this apparatus tliu oiwrator is enabled to detect
the presence of any globules of air in the fluiil to be ia-
jected, and to pi-event their entering the veins.
Yeiuvley's ncoemeter, or instrument for asoertiviniiig the
different dogroes of deafuess, by a series of mudumtod
sounds.
Yearaley's tyiuiMnotoire, and instruments for artiticinl
tymiNUium. InstrumentH for the excision of the tonsils,
unsal prebe, bottle, and tube.
Dr. Tyler Smith's {wriodoscoiie.
An assortment of razora imd table cutlery ; among the
latter are some table-knives made from the materials of
old Loudon bridge.
63 Id Elub, Joseph, 41 S/tring Street, Shfjffield—
Manufacturer.
Amputating and post-mortem instruments.
Pocket instruments, and Bcali>els.
Lancets of various qualities.
Trusses of various kinds, for hernia,
633 Harnett, William, 4 Francis Street, Brcieer Street,
(tolilcn S<]ii(tiv — Mimufacturer.
Dental instruments, mineral teeth, and materials u^cd
by dentists.
634 Downing, CuaiilkhToouood,M.D., 43 Orettt liuss^'lt
Street — Inventor.
The aneuralgicon, aii apparatus used for the application
of worm medicated vapour, in the treatment of tic dou-
loureux, and other neuralgic affections.
The aneuralgicon is extremely simple iu construction,
and consists, essentially, of three (mi-ts: a cylinder, for
igniting the vegetable matter; bellows, for mivintaining n
current of air threiigh the burning material ; and tuk's
imd cones for directing the stream of vaiiour.
Dr. Oowning'a Aneuralgicon.
The cylinder is a silver vessel, of a cylindrical sha])0,
about two inches in length, and one inch in liiameter. It
has a metallic plate at the lower part, jierforated with
many holes, on which the burning materials lie. lieneiitk
this is an opening for the admission of air, and a socket
into which an ivory handle is made to screw. The donuv
shaped lid fitting accurately to the top of the ve8»t>l,
allows the vapour to esca^ie through an orifice and tiibo
at the summit.
KiNUDOM,]
AND SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS,
North, Nohth C'ENTBAii, and South Cbnthal Oam,erir8.
466»
or tranafuHion. Uy
ir is duablod to dotoct
in the fluid to be in.
; tlio voius.
nt for iMoortiiiuiiig tlio
HoricH of motiiilutoii
I.D.,42(?mi<yi',Ms..«
Tlio b«lluwfl ooiuifit of two plntoH of mnliogany, of an
oviil Hhiipe, luid about eight or niiiu inuhuH in length.
TlioHe ore joineii together by thin leatlior, niaintiiiuea in
itH proper pnaition liy ribs at Muitable diHtancerf. A Htrong
Hpring iH fixed in the interior, to Iceep tlio pIntcH apart,
niid react ogaiuHt the proHHiire of tlio hand. A a.ickot to
hold the ivory handle of the cylinder m fixed iijion the
iip|)or plate. In onler to aiiply tlio vajiour the coiiuh are
attoohwl to the cylinder, (or difl'orent i>artN of the body
cnneg of variouM Hinw have been oonatructed. Thoxo uro
tiibeH glia|KHl like oxtinguiitherR, covered with leather, and
liuod with Hhoot loiul, Uy thiH arrangement thoy retain
the hIuiin) given them by the hand.
[TluR appanvtuM oonHistfi of a roceptacio for inodicinal
HiibHtitncoa which are kindled, and an air bollowH which
itn|iolH a Htroani of air through the iniiHH into a tube, by
which it ia diruoU^d upon the |>ainful part. It hoH been
Miid to give rolief in the caaoa mentioned. — It. E.]
0,15 Pratt, Jobkpu, 10a Charles Slved, nmr Middlesex
J/ospitid — Manufacturer.
Scarificators. Cu|iping-glnaROH. (li-otluatod oupping-
glotwf H. Toa-pot Bpirit-lamp, uaod in cupping. Portable
ball lamp or torch; and portable cnao of cupping inHtru-
nionta, for general prnotitionera, with extra Hota of liuiceta.
Ci3() OoDnARO, Lemuel, 0 Crescent, Mhmrica — Importer.
Patent inatrumoiit, with ahifting apring-jawa, for ox-
tntctiug tooth by mouna of a fulcrum and luvur attached.
Tho invention of Edward Bourne, of New Bedford, Moaa.
6;{9 Gordon, J., £rw<o/— Producer,
Anatomical figure.
040 Weedon, Tuohas, 41 Hart Street, Slocmbury
— Manufacturer,
Surgoona' instnimenta and cutlery.
Vanoiia patterns of amall knivea, aciaaors, cutting and
spring forceps, and other instruments, used in tlio minute
(liaaection of insects, flowera, or morbid matter, for in-
vcatigation under the microscope; olso, inatrumenta uaod
in the preparation of bii-ds and animals previous to
stufilng.
8i)ecimena of tooth forceps, electro-plated and poliahod
steel ; also stoppera, scalers, and level's, in agate handles.
8|)ocimen8 of cutlery, mounted in the Holiotis pearl
shell, plain pearl, and agate handlea.
641 Philp & Whicker, 07 St, James's Street —
Manufacturers.
Cutlery and surgical inatrumenta.
642 Simpson, Henrv, 55 tViiaiirf— Manufacturer,
llegulation case of inatrumenta, for a aurgoon in the
Royal Navy.
(Proposed) coae of inatrumenta for a surgeon in mer-
cantile iNiasenger shi|>
Coaea of amputating, trephining, cupping, operating,
pocket, teeth, dissecting, post-mortem, eye inatiiiments,
&o.
Improved horse and cattle fleams, and various small
cases of surgical instruments.
Various epecimeus of surgical instruments, viz., knives,
splints, improved extension splints, stethoscopes, ear-
trumpets, trusses, &c. ; and fine cutlery, including cases of
razors, knives, sciasors, and patterua of London-made
table-knivea, &c.
643 Wood, W. R., Oermnn Place, I>rvjhlon—
Manufacturer.
A aeriea of mechanical adaptationa for regulating and
preventing the irregularities of the permanent teeth.
643a Evans & Co., 10 Old C/mHr;.'— Manufacturers.
Surgical inatrumenta.
()4.5 GdWiNO, Thob, Wm., Canulen Tuit-ii — Inventor.
Complete set of dental inatrumenta for operations in
treating disoaaoa of the teeth of the horse.
Leg apparatus for fractures occurring to raoe-horses or
other valuable animals.
Tracheotomy tube, with adjusting-shield and chain-
director.
Neurotomy sciasors and knife for dividing nerves.
046 Kidston, W., & Co., 18 Jlishopsijate Street WithotU
— Inventors and Manufacturers.
Mechanical leech, for the purpose of local bleeding, for
the gums or any part of the body. It is ^ways available;
tho inodo of using is very simple, and any quantity of
blood may be drawn, in much less time than by the
natural leech, with diminished risk of erysipelas. It
ia also iiiiix>rtant for uae on ahipboard, and in many parts
where the natural leech cannot be procured.
047 EvRARD, Jean, Charles Street, Middlesex Hospital,
Adjiiated tooth forceps.
S])ecimons of the manufacture of these instruments in
tho various stages.
Enamel cutters, used by dentists for scaling the teeth.
Specimen intended to show the hardness of steel uecea-
aai-y for that operation.
Inatrumonts for lithotripsy, with specimens of the
various atogea of manufacture.
Artificial iioao and chin, mado of guttapercha.
Sjiort.ing knife, fitted up with acrewa, so as to be taken
m( i-cciisily to pieces, for the purpoae of cleaning.
New pattern of nail-nippera.
048 Hess, Richard, 16 Little New Street, Shoe Lane
— Manufacturer.
Tlio registered " Osteotom," a surgical instrument for
cutting bones,
049 Barker, John, M.D., 45 Mountjotj Street, Dublin —
Inventor.
Thoracitono, a new medical instrument, for the pur-
pose of rendering more efficient and certain the act of
percussion in disease : by using the instrument with one
hand, transmitted sounds con be employed in the diag-
noaia of diaeiiaoa.
051 Smali, Thomas, Boston, Lincolnshire — Inventor.
Apparatua for reatoring suspended animation in persons
apparently dead. It consists of a box with a hole in the
lid, and bellows. The body is placed in the box, the lid
put on, the face exposed through the ho' >, the mouth
kept open, and the India-rubber kept adjusted to the
cheekn, forehead, and chin, so that no air can pass by the
sides: the bellows are now worked gently upwarda and
downwards, just as fast ns a healthy i>er8on breathes, till
animation be restored.
The electro-magnetic apparatus, bottles containing
reatoratives, &c., can be kept fitted ready in the inside,
near the feet, and the box may be mounted on wheels.
It is peculiarly serviceable for the still-born.
052 Jones, P., High Street, FuMani— Inventor.
Improved metallic shield for the nipple.
053 Blackwell, William, 3 Bedford Court, Covent
Garden — Inventor and Manufacturer. _
Registered guard razor and corn knife. Surgical appa-
ratus.
054 Machell, Thomas, 2 Carlisle Street, Soho —
Inventor.
Patent improved method of raising water and other
fluids.
Surgical iustrumenta. •,
055 Farquharson, James, Ealing, near Brentford—
Inventor.
Spring stump for a wooden leg, which gradually
receives the presaure of the wearer, gives assistance to
466*
Class 10.— PHILOSOl»HTCAIi, MUSICAL, HOROLOQICAL,
NonTH, North Ckntrai., anp South Cbntral Gai.i.kkik8.
[USITKD
the next step, and tokea off the Jerk and jarring usually
experienced.
656 JoMEa, Theodohe, 28 Lomlnrd Str«et~lm«tAot
and Proprietor.
Registered silent alarum bedstead. The movement of
the hand of a common watoh will turn anv one out of bed
at any given hour when attached to this bedstead.
667 BoTTOMLCT, Obdiuie, Croydon, Surrey— ln\«ntor.
New splint for fractured thigh, with a leather belt
for the oheat, perineal band, boot and knee straps. The
object of this apparatus is to apply and maintain firm
extension, in a line parallel with the axis of the body,
which can be exactly regulated by means of the thumb-
screw at the end; also by keeping the limb uncovered
(as by bandages, &o.) to permit the free use of local ap-
plications and atljustmenta.
Model of the same, upon a lay figure, showing the
mode of application.
659 Watkins & Hill, 5 Charing Crou—
Manufacturers.
Three feet plate electrical machine, with all the recent
improvements, having positive and negative conductors,
on the plan suggested by Sir William Snow Harris.
Very sensitive and delicate galvanometer of the most
approved form, for measuring the feeblest currents of
voltaic electricity.
Kleotro-magnetio engine ; microscopes ; aerometric
balance; sextants; rain-gauge; Folariscope; theodolite;
levels; &o.
660 Coles, William, 3 Charimj Ci-oia — Inventor,
Patentee, and Manufacturer.
Patent trusses. An internal spring is fixed in the
cushions or pads, at every point of bearing.
Medicated band, for the relief of sciatica, lumbago,
rheumatism, &c.
661 Rbnbitnbei, Cspt. O. A., Stirling, SooUand—
Inventor.
Portable telescope stand, with desk for artists, engi-
neers, land surveyors, &c., with various useful improve-
ments and apparatus.
663 Simons, William Vazie, SoiUk Shields —
Designer and Manufacturer.
Eloctro-magnetic machine, with an improved arrange-
ment of the primary coil and contact breakers, &c.
664 Ward, N. B., U Claphm Awf— Inventor.
Closed cases, by which plants maybe grown in any
locality, even in the centre of the most crowded cities, or
conveyed from one country to another with complete
success.
A bottle, in which the experiments accidentally origi-
nated in 1829. There are now in this bottle one or two
ferns which have not received any fresh water for more
than seventeen years. Several seedling ferns may be ob-
served springing up in various places.
Improved travelling cose, as at present used by Lod-
diges.
A case with two palms, phoonix dactylifera and rhapis
flabelliformis, planted in it fifteen years ago. The other
plants are of. recent introduction. This case has always
stood in a room with a southern asiiect.
A case containing hymnophyllum and other ferns,
which have been enclosed between two and three yeara,
has always been placed in a room with a northern expo-
sure.
Irish case, likewise containing ferns planted in 18i6,
and placed in a shady position in the open air. I'he bot-
tom of this case is filled with inverted empty garden pots
to insure efficient drainage.
Case with two larger roses, which have been enclosed
for eight years, five of which were in London. The case
has always been in the open air, fully exposed to the
south, and the roses have flowered during tiiree or four
months in every year. It remains to be seen whether, iu
the Exhibition Building, they will flower as well, under
the adverse conditions oi increased heat during the night,
and diminished amount of solar light in the day.
New terra-ootta case, manufactured by Mr. Dralton ;
all the ferns recently planted.
Fern case, lent by E. W. Cooke, Esq., Kensington.
When Mr. Cooke first planted this case, in 1848, he found
that the ferns planted on the top of his conical mass of
stone suffered from want of sufficient nourishn'.ent. In
remedying this deficiency, the ferns in the lower port of
the case suffered from redundance of wet, and some
perished. To obviate this, and to ensure a more eq\ial
distribution of moisture, Mr. Cooke removed the upper
stones to about j from the case, and inserted a small zinc
dish, one inch deep. The stones were then replaced, some
I'esting in the dish, and others packed around it, so as
effectually to conceal it from observation. Whenever the
plants required water, the dish became full, and thus the
stones at the apex were kept as moist as those below.
Fern -case, likewise the property of E. W. Cooke, Esq,
Case, containing cactuses, enclosed in 1848, the pro-
perty of Mr. Deone, Clapham Common.
The use of these cases y/aa first suggested to the in-
ventor in the summer of 1829. For many years previous
be had endeavoured, by a most careful imitation of their
natural conditions, to grow various plants, particular'^
ferns and mosses, at the back of his house in Wellclone
Square, a locality suii'ounded by numerous manufactories,
and constantly enveloped in their smoke. Vain was the
attempt; the plants perished. New light and fresh uu-
petus were given by the following incident.
Wishing to obtain a perfect specimen of a sphinx, he
had buried its clirysalis in some moist mould in a bottle
covered with a lid. Two or three days before the insect
assumed its perfect form, a seedling fern and a gn^i
made their appearance on the surface of the mould.
In this condition all their wants were supplied. They
had sufficient light; whilst the lid, at the same time that
it excluded the noxious soot, prevented the escape of the
moisture. The law which enforces the diffusion of gases
secured a constant circulation of the air, and its quiescent
state enabled the plants to bear variations of temperature,
which in open exposure would have proved injurious.
Various experiments carried on with hundreds of plants,
and extendmg over several years, established the con-
clusion, which has been fully carried out by the results, —
that all plants whose natural conditions con be fulfilled,
can be grown in these cases in any locality, even in the
centre of the most crowded cities, or conveyed from
one country to another "with complete success. The
importance of duly and properly supplying the wants
of the plants cannot be too strongly impressed upon
the mind of the experimenter, so numerous have
been the failures arising from want of thought or of
knowledge in the attempts to associate plants of different
habits. Many plants require very little light, but need
constant moisture and a pure atmosphere, such as the
Tric/mmanes ape^VMum and Oxalis iict-toseUu, Others require
a large amount of solar light to bring thorn to perfection.
In June, 1833, the first expei'imental cases were filled
with plants, furnished by Messrs. Loddiges, and sent to
Syduny under the care of Capt. Mallard. Placed on
the deck of his ship, fostered with a genial atmosphere,
fed with proper food, and protected alike from the noxious
effects of salt spray and dust, they arrived in perfect
health at Sydney, in January 1834. The cases were refilled
at Sydney in February, the thermometer then being
between'90° and 100° Fiuir., and in their passage to England
encountered very varying temperatures. The thermometer
fell to 20° in rounding Cape Horn, and the decks were a foot
deep in snow. At Rio Janeiro, the temperature rose to
100°, and in crossing the line to 120°. In November, after
an eight months' voyage, they arrived in the British
Channel, the thermometer having fallen to 40°. The
plants were in the most vigorous condition, and the
beautiful appeanmce of the fronds of Olcichenia microphylla,
then, for the first time, seen alive in Europe, created great
surprise. Since 18.H4, the use of these casu in the itam-
[UXITKD
8 Men whether, in
wer as well, under
t during the night,
in the day,
by Mr. Dralton;
inq., Kensington.
, in 1848, he found
lis oonioal maaa of
nourishn-.ent. In
the lower port of
' wet, and some
ire a more equal
imoved the upper
erted a small zinc
en replnoed, some
i around it, so as
m. Whenever the
full, and thus the
i those below.
W. Cooke, Esq.
n 18-18, the pro-
jested to the in-
ny years previous
mitation of their
uits, particular'^
Juse in Wellclose
us manufactories,
>. Vain was the
ht and tteah bu-
nt.
1 of a sphinx, he
nould in a bottle
before the insect
em and a gr^i
of the mould,
supplied. They
e same time that
the escape of the
liffusion of gases
Mid its quiescent
I of temperature,
roved injurious,
idreds of plants,
ilished the oon-
)y the results,—
can be fulHlled,
ity, even in the
conveyed from
success. The
?ing the wants
mpressed upon
lumerous have
thought or of
ints of different
light, but need
■e, such as the
Others require
1 to perfection,
wes were filled
as, and sent to
I. Placed on
ill atmosphere,
am the noxious
fed in perfect
es were refilled
9r then being
age to England
e thermometer
ickswereafoot
rature rose to
ovember, after
n the British
to 40°. The
ion, and the
ta microphj/lltt,
created great
I in the traiis-
KlKODOH.]
AND SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS.
North, North Central, and South Central Oalleries.
467*
portation of plants has become universal. Col. Reid, whilst
governor of Bermuda, made use of them in procuring
111 iits to stock the Bermuda Islands. These were made
liglit enough for two sailors to carry by hand. Double
addresses were painted on the boxes, and th<fy were per-
petually travellmg by sea between different uoimtries, by
which their vegetable productions were exchanged.
Mr. Fortune, who was sent out to China with glazed
cases by the Horticultural Society, comparing the old and
new methods of conveying plants, says that, " in a ^per
communicated by Mr. Ldvingstone, of Macao, and pub-
lished in the Transactions of the Horticultural Society,
vol. iii., it is stated, that then only one plant in a thou-
sand survived the voyage from China to England.", Mr.
Fortime put 250 plants into the cases, and knded 215 in
good condition.
The same principle is applicable to the animal kingdom
— even to man. For several years gold and silver-fish have
been the constant inhabitants of the inventor's fern house,
and during his residence in Wellclose Square, they lived
and flourished in an earthem vessel, containing about 20
gallons of water, which was never changed, but kept
sweet by the ac^i^-^tio plants growing in it. A robin
was likewise an inmaw for six months. The same pure
and properly-moistened atmosphere which favoured the
growth of the most delicate plants in the heart of the
most crowded cities would be of incalculable advantage
in numerous diseases. {North Transept.)
664a Cooke, E. W., T/ie Ferns, Victoria Boad, Kensington.
Several closed cases for ferns, exotic and British.
666
Brtson & Sons, Edinburgh — Inventors and
Manufacturers.
Five models, exhibiting the various escapements i
watches at present in general use, and a self-registering
barometer clock.
666 Ross, Andrew, 2 Featherstone Buildings— Agent.
Bleeding instruments, as substitutes for leeches and
cupping instruments, adapted to apply to any part of the
body. Invented by Baron Heurteloup; manufactured by
J. Scholl, Berwick-street, Soho.
The cutting instrument, consisting of a circular cutter
made to revolve by a pulley and cords, makes a slight
circular incision of equal depth. The pump, or sucker, is
a glass tube, with a piston of cork or felt, worked by a
screw, while the effect is observed through the glass.
Larger pumps are made to cover three or more small in-
cisions. The glass tubes have metallic ends, of various
forms, to {^ply to different parts of the body, which, in
the larger ones, serve as a diaphragm to prevent the skin
being drawn into the tube. This invention is perfectly
new, and is patented
667 Topping, C. M., 4 W^c Winchester Street,
Pcntonville Hill — Preparer.
Microscopic objects. Test objects and fossil earths.
Fossil and recent vegetable structui-es. Dissections of
insects. Bone, teeth, shell, &c. Injected preparations.
668 Durham, J. D., 16 Linton Street, New North Boad,
IslingtiM — Inventor.
Hydrometer, with all the recent improvements, with
spirit tube. Thermometer, and book of instructions.
670 Owen, H., 3 Somerset Terrace, Bristol— Vrodwcer.
Series of views in Somerset, Wilts, and Devon, by the
calotype process, from negatives on paper.
670a Evans, Sparke, Hungerford, Berks — Inventor.
Self-acting instrument, for easily determining the
strength of oak bark, valonia, cutch, divi divi, and other
tanning materials.
Instrument for determining the heat of newly-made
hay-ricks; and when ventilation, or turning over, to pre-
vent firing, are required.
671 Parkes, James, & Son, 5 St. Mar^s Row,
Birmingliam — Manufacturers .
Rosewood case of mathematical drawing instruments,
containing beam compasses, proportional divider, trian-
gular compasses; a set of fine steel spring bows with
needle points; full set of 6-inch double jointed instru-
ments, the compasses and bows having improved screw
needle points; also tube compasses, pillar compasses
with bars, and Napier compasses, each of which combines
in itself a complete set of drawing instruments.
Set of 6-inch drawing instruments, electro-plated on
German silver, with solid silver cheeks, in rosewood case.
Russia case, of 3^ inch drawing instruments, with very
fine spring bows.
Case of new portable drawing instruments, electro-
plated on Qerman silver.
Architect's companion — a complete set of portable in-
struments, in small morocco pocket-book, with silver
pencil and gold pen.
Botanist's companion — a double lens microscope, with
tweezers, dissecting needle, fine scissors, &o., in neat
morocco pocket-book.
Ivory 2-foot slide rule, with spirit level and graduated
scale, <*' >r taking angles. — Registered.
iScil ticting tapes, with improved spring tops, &o.
Surveyor's measure, with multiplying action, b^ which
a hundred turns of the hand are saved, each time the
tape is wound up. Invented by J. Parkes,
Assortment of pocket compasses.
Portable sun-dial and pocket compass combined.
Portable compass, with thermometer, in morocco case.
A portable galvanic battery, for medical purposes,
capable of very sustained action.
Qilt watch-keys; and in various states of finish, illus-
trating the progressive stages of their manufacture.
Watch-keys and seals, containing mariners' compasses.
[Mathematical drawing instruments are used in draw-
ing circles, circular lines, parallel lines, &c. Bow com-
passes are of great use in spherical projections, in drawipg
fine circles. Proportional dividers are of value in di"
viding circles into any number of sides, or to inscribe
polygons in circles, and to reduce and augment figures in
a given proportion. — J. Q.]
671a Webster, W. Bullock, 2 St. Jamais Place,
ffampstead Boad — Inventor and Manufacturer.
Fire escape. Percussion carbine musket, with rotary
primer. Omnibus passenger register. A mileometer.
Small weigliing machine. Cannon, with improved per-
cussion-lock.
672 Taylor, T., Z)(«6Kn— Inventor.
Hydraulic safety-lamp, to prevent explosion in coal-
mines: water being used to prevent its becoming heated,
and mica to give an increase of light.
Revolving self -amalgamating galvanic battery. The zinc
plate dips into a mercurial trough ; motive power is ap-
plied to the zinc plate ; the gutta-percha shaving is
placed between the plates to prevent a superfluous amal-
gamation on the zinc plate, and also local action.
672a Newcomb, Thomas, 12 Norfolk Place, East Lane,
Walworth — Inventor and Maker.
Brass model ri ^.rachine, for rolling tanned hides. Its
objects are, increased speed in drying hides, less power
in working, and a finer finish in the leather. The pres-
sure on the hides may be varied from one cwt. to two
tons. .
Brass model of patent furnace for manne or sta-
tionary steam engines; it supplies itself with fuel, con-
sumes its own smoke, and bums small coal.
Improved bass strings for pianofortes — the body and
covering of the same material, viz., hard-drawn steel
wire, which produces a finer tone than either copper or
brass. , ,
Lamps, intended to bum common pale seal oil, witn-
out smell, smoke, or shadow.
[10.]
[Official Illustrated Catalogue.]
2M
.J
408«
Clam 10.— PHiriOaOPHICAIi, MUSICAL, IIOROLOOTCAL,
North, Noiitii Cbntrai., and Houtii CsNTiiAt. Oallrrikh.
[Umitkd
07n MAcrARLANit, O., 85 fftwmm <SltrM(— Dmigner.
IinprovtHl oonio|ioMi (oornet h piNtoii), wltli short aotion
vnIvM, diroot pMMigo of tho ntr, Mid OMi be played with
073a BlTRaiLL, O. H., 0 York Tmrnor, tfonuoy Hoad,
/fdllimxtg — I n voiitor.
Ptitont ooinponitntiiiK oisteni iHvruiiiuter; the moroury,
by a Rulf-nutiiiK uitiitriviuioe, is nlwnyH prmwrvud iipDii a
level within the oiatoni, notwithiitaii<tiiiK luiy lUteratiiin
of temperature, or any rise or fall of the boruniotrioul
eolumn.
Artiflolal hand, pomoMing elnatio propertiea; whioli
enable thoao who re<|uiru it t<> pirk iii), Milite, and tivuu
make une of minute olijoutM. Iiiventwt by Hir O. (7avluy,
Hart. ; iniprovml niid miuuifaotured by Mr. Jiuuee liuok-
ingham, 13 Judd Plaoe t^wt.
074 Nkwman, J., \'li JiiytiU Street— lav^ntor »aA
Miuiufaoturvr.
Standnnl iNtfometer. Tho frame oouiiiata entiioly of
metal ; tho oiatom, when retpiirod for long ioumeyH, ia
all of inm, so amtnged aa to be made |H>rtublu for trn-
veiling, by the lower part shifting a quarter of a turn;
thua obviating the objection so long made to the wood
niatem and leather bag. The aoale ia marked off from an
authentic atandard aoide (voriiied l>y the late Mr. Unily),
and temiiuatea in a point; it ia oa|iaule of being iMyuatutl
with great aooumoy to the aurfiuso of tho mercury in the
ciateni, and when the vernier at the upper )iart of the
acale is adjtuted to the surface in tho tube, the exact
length of the oohimn of mercury ia in thia way meaaurod;
the diameter of the tube ia 0-U.
Portable mountain barometer; cflnaiata of a metal fVamo,
with the irtni oiatem ainiilar to the atandanl lMin)meter,
and hM all the data marked on it for the correotiona, for
reducing tho obaervationa to thoae of the atandard baro-
meter.
Standard thermometer, divided to flftha of a degree,
Maximum and minimum regiator thonuometera.
Maximum thermometer, with black bulb for aolar
radiation.
Minimum thermometer in the focus of a minor, for
terrestrial radiation.
Dauieira dew-poiut liTgrometer,
Mason's wet and dry bulb hygrometer.
Lind'a wind gauge.
The foregoing meteorological inatnimenta are deficribe<i
by the Committee of Phyaica and Meteorology, in tlioir
Report publiahetl by the Royal Society, and made by the
exhibitiir for the various mognotiu obeurvatoriea.
Usual copper roiu gauge, with accurately turned circle
12 iuches diameter.
Howard's rain gauge anil evaporator.
Sykea' thermometer and boiler, for measuring heights
by the boiling iM>int.
Miners' aafuty-loiup, aa made for Sir H. Davy.
Minora' safety -lamp, ita improved by the exhibitor.
Improved air-pump with metallic valvea, and ground
glass plate, whicu exhausts to within ,^th of the Torri-
cellian vacuum.
Rain and wiud gauge, contrived to register tho quantity
of rain and direction of the wind, at the precise time, on
a cylinder which hoa motion given to it by a chick; the
register (xtper is replaced at the end of each month.
Self-regiatering tide-gauge; consists of a cylinder,
moved by means of a clock t inch to the hour, and a
pencil moved bv the float 1 inch to the foot. The pencil,
by being attached to a chain carried over two small
brass cylinders, the one containing a spring, is so con-
trived that there is no loss of time in marking the change
of the tide; so that the exact moment of the commence-
ment of its rise or fall is registered, and its progress
for every portion of time, from the highest to the lowest
point, is trace<l on the (mpcr. The pai>or for this instru-
ment wns told down by the Admiralty, and is used with
metallic pt-ncils. On the face of the clock is shown the
height of the tide during observation, and it also i-egistera
the highest and lowest for the day.
074a Strphbnion, R., Or«at a«my«8trttt, Weitmkutir
— Inventor,
Machine for tracing.
076 Nbwkmi, HwfRY, 18 I'ercy Street, Tottenham
Court Rofui — Inventor.
INttont wire trusses, single and double, the latter
Itaasiug round une hip only.
07f>A Oakkv, H., 81 /'tfiin Street, SuAo— Inventor.
New muaioal atlas, a work on the thmiry of miisio,
which oouaiata of a aeries of moveable diagnuiis, by the niil
of wliich idl tho inturvida, acalea, chortla (uoiu'r^ 700 in
number), inversious, &o.,iireliroughttovi»w; andthodir
flcult problems in the aoienoe may be aid vod iiMtantauooimly
l)y muaioal amateurs at luiy |)erloil of their studies.
Quide to harmony, and treatise on tho muaiud atlas.
076 Bioa, H., ft Son, 30 Moetter Sif., and 0 St. TKmnnn'a
titreii, SmOAiiHirh — Manufaoturera, Inventors, Ik
Pronrietora.
Patent artiflcitd log, conatrtictiHl without metallic ur
external springs; colour, that of the uatund limb; aur-
face, mlmitting of ordinal^ aoap and water washing.
Artiflolal hand with Jofnteii fingers, and apiianktua fur
enabling the wearer to use it as a natural hand.
Spinal HUp|M)i-tM, for lateral imMteinor Rurvat\iro, and an-
terior curvature ; and for vertebral and muscular weakuutw.
Self-acting spring cnituhos.
Inatniments for flxeil contraction of theknee(iir4o/i,i//(Mu);
fractured |iatella; clublNNl feet, (/iWi/x'a vatijiia et vanis);
imd contracted heel (tnli/mg (w/iiiniu).
Trusses : — P. Aston Key's, with i«il, wlu>se aurface iacon-
timudly chimging; I/l'Mrauge's ]Nitent for radical cure of
hernia: Itigg&Sim'aoimvolute; luid for umbilical heniia.
Instrument for sup]Mirt of iirolajiaua ani.
Aneurism neetUe; heniia knife; embryotomist; and
oxplorator, iuventeil by the exhibitors.
070a Brown, David Stephens, Alexandria Loilge,
Old Kent H(Hid — Inventor.
Registered barometer, .10 feet high, range of scale 27
feet, manufactured by Casello and Co., 23 UattouQardi'ii.
077
Readhocbe, Charlottk, Xmeark-on-Treat —
Designer and Proilucor,
Lunar globe: a model of the moon, giving a goncntl
idea of the relative ]>osition of the mountains, valloyH,
and plaina of our aatellite, in relief.
[The distinctive structural peculiarities of the luunr
regions are, — lat. A vast distribution of annular moun-
tains, thrown up like nuuparts round plaina or valleyH,
having rugged riilgos, and a oonicid hill rising out from
the centre of many of them. Sir John Hersohel, who
computes the height of the highest of these mountains,
at I f English miles (though Scroiiter gives 5 miles ns his
calculation), testifies that they oifer, in its highest per-
fection, the true volcanic character, and, speaking from
his own observation, says that, " in some of the principal
ones, decisive marks of volciuiio stratification, arising
from successive deposits of ejected matter, may be clearly
tnkced with powerful telescopes."
2. Extensive plains, having tho appau«noe of rJluvinl
soil — relieved, however, with a number of orator-formed
mountains (Coiiemicus, Kepler, Aristarchus, ftc), and
small rocky eminences, with here and there circular
cavities of various dimensions. These "large regions"
(to use Herschel's tenu) are scattered over with fragments
of rock, ashes, &o. They are given in neutral tint on the
<uo<lel.
a. Hundreds of cup-shaped valleys dimpling the general
surface in every direction, and giving the idea of a con-
traction or settling down of the exterior on the receding
KlNflDOM.]
AND SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS.
North, Nohtii Ckntraij, and South Ckntbal Gallbhii*.
460*
tt, Wettmhtter
jrotomiat; luul
interior, nooonling to n thociry ]>ropoMHl hy Mr. Niuniyth
At th» iMt mooting of the " UritiHli Aimooiation."
Itetdhouw't Lunar Olobe.
Tiie model illuatratoa the more refleotive localities of
tlie moon in dull gold bronse, displaying a number of
bright rays, which aeem to spread over a large gootion of
the southern region* of the hemiaphere, and diverging
from a common centre (Tyoho).]
677a Shaddolt, O., 2 Lime Street Square— Invmiior.
Sphioro-annular oondeoaer, for condensing light in a
peculiar manner, on transparent objects while under
examination by the microscope. Diagrams and descrip-
tion, illustrative of the action and construction of the
condenser.
078 Jack, W., 38 Devonshire Street, Portland Place, and
14 Jtatcliff Rom, Si. LvMs — ^Manufacturer.
Mr. Clendon's new form oftooth-forceps and elevators.
Improved adjusted forceps. Forceps for irregular front
teeth. Forceps for roots of teeth. Now stopping inatru'
ment, invented by the exhibitor.
678a Mobton, Professor, Royal Veterinar}) College,
Camden Toum — Inventor.
Medicated cotton for setons,
Galvano-arsenioid apparatus.
679 Bkll, Thomas, W Ifomer Street— Inventor.
Watches, to go for one or three years, keep correct time,
and show the day of the month; some are furnished with
centre and others witli ordinary seconds and quarter se-
conds; maintaining power whilst winding; duplex and
otiier escapement; and composition balances.
Time-pieces and clocks, on the same construction.
A turret clock, to strike the hours and quarters; with
best gun metal wheels and bosses, or holes ; tempered and
polished steel pinions of high numbers; dead-beat escape-
ment, with Bityusting paUetta; tempered steel escape
wheel, and tempered steel racks, snails, and hammer
tails to the striking work; and improved pendulum, with
adjustment of the same.
Interior hour, minute, and seconds hands, and dials for
regulating and setting the hands ujiou clock faces, by
patent metal lines instead of cords, to suspend weights.
Balanced hands, &o.
070a Bbttlb, Philip, 1 1 Regent Street, City Road—
Maker or Producer.
Model of a steam-engine, of new design and workman-
^" . It is worked by machinery contained in the
«tal.
080 OrroRD, D., Great rarmoutA— Inventor.
The improved truss for hemi*.
Improved instruments for the treatment of uterine
diseases.
681 RlCKMAN, WiLUAM CuARLKS, 21 Pnrk Side, llyd«
Park Comer, and Pole llore, Wexford — Inventor
and Dosignvt.
Road levo^. : two varieties of an instrument for use in
agriculture, 'rainage, and other purpoaea. This instni-
ment enables a person unacquainted with the practice of
levelling, and without calculation, or the aid of an
assistant, to know the level of the ground, and also its
rise or its fall. Only one observation Is necessary, and the
result is then found stated upon the dial. J. Peirce,
maker, Wexford.
081a SoMALVioo & Co., Ilatton (7^<r(ii'n— Manufacturers.
Wheel barometer; ornamental gilt frame, improved jmr-
celain plates.
Barometer in papier maohd inlaid with pearl; ebony
sides.
Standard pediment barometer, with oxtra large tube,
and impro-'Ml glass cistern showing the rising and falling
of the meroury in the tube.
Improved inariner's barometer; combined marine tube,
siphon tube, and hvgrometer, to indicate the changes
quicker than the ordinary marine barometer ; making a
ooD.plete and sensitive instrument for ascertaining the
variations of the atmosphere correctlv.
New siphon pedestal, or pocket barometer, 8 inches
long.
Improved engineer's guide gauges, combined with baro-
meter for correction.
Vacuum steam-pressure gauge, on a new principle: a
great improvement on the former ; prevents the water
mixing with the mercury.
Steam-engine indicator: for showing the working
quality of the exhibitors' patent brewers^ liquid prover;
requires no tables. Engines, walking-stick telescopes,
with compass and hygrometer, and with double eye-
glasses to spring out of the stick.
Improved sextant, with patent universal lunar lamp,
which may be set to any angle, the observer being able
to read off the sextant during rough weather or at night.
Solid limb sextant.
Model ropresenting the eiroulation of the blood.
Improved self-generating coffee-pot, and for producing
hot water in a few minutes, with an extinguisher which
puts out the flame of the lighted spirit at any moment
required; and portable cistern for travelling.
Case of mathematical instruments, &c.
682
Cox£TEB, James, 23 Orufton Street East—
Manufacturer.
Aneurism needle, for facilitating the tying of deep-
seated vessels. Scissors guillotine, for removing the
tonsils. Scissors for excising the uvula. Artificial leech
without piston or spring. A compound needle for in-
jecting smtdl cysts, designed by John Marshall, E^.,
assistant-surgeon to University College Hospital. Forceps,
for applying ligatures to arteries. A forceps so constructed
that the JigatuM might be readily slipped over the
points on to the vessel, originally designed by James
Luke, Esq., improved by the exhibitor by adding Liston'a
spring catch and tenaculum teeth, and cutting out the
head, so as to leave only, as it wero, four fine wires for
2M2
470*
||
fi'!;
Class 10.— PHILOSOPHICAL, MUSICAL, HOROLOOICAL,
North, North Central, and South Central Oallerieb.
[United
the ligature to ilide over. ThU enable* the operator to
taJce up a deop-aeated Teeael, and tie it without awlitanoe,
in 00168 of emergency.
A new deHoription of India-rubber air-pad truiaea. In-
dia-rubber dilator, for itrioture of the rectum. Theae
inatrumenta are introduced uninflated, by means of a
concealed ttexible atilette, and when in the atricture, are
filled with air ; thua the parta are dilated without the
pain produced by the uaual method. Aa soon na the
dilatation ia accompliahed, the air ia allowed to eaoape,
and the dilator ia then eaaily withdrawn.
Tubes fur atomoch pumpa and unoma ayringea. The
ordinary tubes (however carefully made) when taken to
a warm climate, aoon become melted on the aurface, and
utterly uaeleaa. The exhibitor cluima the merit of in-
troducing and applying vulcaniaed India-rubber, having
a metal head flnnly fixed, aa a tube that will bear the
heat of any climate, and which will be leas liable to
receive injury by coming in contact with the teeth.
Double action enema ayringe. Thia inatrument aecurea
a well aupported, continuoua atream, ia aimple in ita
conatruction, and doea not occupy more apace than the
ayringe in common uae.
The atethometer. An inatniment for aaaiating in the
diagnoaia of diaeaflea of the lunga, by L^eoauring the com-
parative mobility of oppoaite aidea of the cheat, by Dr.
Quain, Aaaiatant-Phyaician to the Hoapital for Conaump-
tiou. Varioua other useful and important inatrumenta.
683 Oetssmann k Plcmb, .r>0 Great Ruuell Street,
JHoomabury — Inveutora and Manufacturera.
Cottage and cabinet pianofortea, with newly-invented
tubular aupporters, patent double rei)eating check action,
and other improvements. Thia pianoforte ia represented
in the annexed cut.
Oetimann and Plumb's Pianoforte.
683a Mudie, David (of the Firm of Qocrlat, Mudie,
& Co.), Dundee, Scothmd — Proprietor & Ifanufacturer.
A aalinometer. This instrument ia repreaented in the
following cut (next page).
The apparatua is placed outside the boiler, a pipe from
which. A, communicates with the branch on the brine-
receiver, B, which is cast in brass, with a solid closed
bottom, but open at the top, to receive a slightly convex
lid, which is bolted upon it. In this receiver is contaiued
the hollow salinometer float, C, which is also of cost brass,
with a solid top, the bottom being fitted in and made
tight by a separate disc screwed on. In the centre of the
top and bottom of the float are light vertical roda, the
ends of which carry the disc piston-volvea, D, D, fitted to
work accurately in the upper and lower cylinders, E, E,
like pistons. The upper cylinder is cast in one piece with
the cover of the brine-receiver, into which it opens, to
receive the upper piston-valve of the float. The lower
cylinder is screwed into the centre of the bottom of the
receiver, on which there is a short collar formed to receive
it. It projects for a short distance into the receiver, and
forms a rest for the float, when the latter is in its lowest
position, OS shown in the cut. Both cylinders have a series
of ports, F, disposed in a ring near the upper ends of each;
and it is by these ports that the brine escapes when the
valves are open, passing along in the direction of the
arrows, bj^the upper and lower copper branch pipes, Q, G,
to the main discharge pipe, H. A small spindle, I, passes
up from the upper valve, to cany the adjusting weights,
as well as to act aa the salinometer index, by projecting
into a glass index tube, L, carried upon the top of the
small chest, which ia screwed on to, and covers, the
upper cylinder, M.
G84
Harnett, John, 45 Museum Street, Bloomabury —
Manufacturer.
Inatrumenta and materials used by dentists.
Specimens of mineral teeth.
Natural specimens showing the growth of the teeth.
684a Macpherson, Daniel, 7 Salisbury Street, Edinburgh
— Inventor and Manufacturer.
A weighing-machine, to be used in the same way as the
common balance, the levers on either aide of the fulcrum
being of equal lengths. ,..,..
KlXODOM.J
AND flURQICAL IN8TBUMENTS.
NoBTH, North Ckntbai., and Houth Central OAiiLERiKH.
471«
087 Whiti, John, 228 Pico<i</%— Ifanufaotitrer.
TruMM and Inoing Btockingi with moo-main patent
lever truM,
■CAU or muKM
MJ
'III
4=
■t—±:
-t— 1-
Hudle'i Salinometer.
085 Cook & Wiixiamh, 10 Prinees Street, Banooer
Square — Inventora and Manufacturen.
Respiratory organ and chest protectors. Registered.
No. 1. For ladies. — Can bo raised or lowered at plea-
sure. In the former case, adjusting itself by an euistio
hold over the mouth and nose as required ; and in the
latter case, assuming the form of a neck-ruff. It is fastened
by ribbons drawn from behind and tied in a bow in front.
No. 1 . For gentlemen. — Is of a stock configuration and
acyustment, and is put on over the ordinary cravat, unless
made to answer the double purpose of in and out of door
wear.
No. 2. For gentlemen. Is of atmpler and lighter con-
struction, but effecting a similar purpose. A curtain,
shaped to the configuration of the parts covered, is sus-
tained over and to the mouth and nose as required, by
an elastic cord, which passes over the head, resting upon
the ears.
No. 3. For clergymen.
These instruments are tiseftil in severe weather, or
under sudden transitions of temperature, as affording com-
fort and protection against colds, and affections of the
throat and lungs; enabling those suffering from these
affuctions, or from tooth-ache, to take out-of-door exercise
without injury from atmospheric influences, and with
certain benefits of convenience and health.
687a Oall, Jambi, Myrtle Bank, Edinburgk—InYeator.
Chill's triangular alphabet for the blind, which, by its
similarity to the common Roman alphabet, is easily reitd
by the eye, and may be taught without previous instruc-
tion. This alphabet is considered as an Improvement on
circular alphaoets, by its angular form ; the letters are
rendered more distinct to the touch; and by the exclusion
of the capitals, the attention of the blind is concentrated
upon 26, instead of 52 letters, and the size of the printing
mwy be reduced.
Volume, containing the Epistle to the Ephesians,
printed for the blind, in Qall's triangular alphabet, with
the letters serrated.
Gall's apparatus for writing by and to the blind. The
blind can, by this invention, readily correspond by poet,
and can keep books and other memoranda. The apparatus
consists of a stuffed tnxae on which the paper is placed;
of a cover with bars to guide the lines, whion are written
from the bottom upwai^s; and of small stamps, with the
letters formed of common pins, which are pricked through
the paper and read on the opposite side. By means of the
two register points on each side of the frame, and by shift-
ing the cover one half line up, the paper is written on
both sides, each perfectly legible either by the fingers or
the eye.
686 Marsraix & Company, 4 Park Side, Hyde Park
Comer — Inventors and Manufacturers.
'_' Corset a tons ressorts." An invisible sling for para-
lysis of leg and foot, with belt. An invention of im-
proved means of supporting and sustaining various parts
of the human body. ,- ~
688 Nasmvth, J., Manch'nter — Inventor.
Map of the moon: exhibiting the relative positions and
character of the most striking features of its surface, as
they appear when seen under the most favourable cir-
cumstwices in respect to light and shade, with drawings
from nature of certain portions of the lunar surface, as
seen by the aid of a very powerful telescope.
[The number and magnitude of crater-formed motmtains
with which every portion of the moon's surface appears
to b3 covered, seems to lead to the conclusion that
these are reaUy the craters of extinct lunar volcanoes;
the frequent occurrence of the central cone being con-
sidered as the result of the last eruptive efforts of an tv
piring volcano, a feature of volcanic craters on the earth's
surface. This central cone has been shown to exist in
the majority of the luno" r ters; and the conclusion
consequently appears proc- JL . that they are the result
of the same kind of action which has produced them on
the volcanoes of the earth.
The cause of the vast numbers of such volcanic moun-
tains with which the la* ar surface is covered has been
assigned by some to the rapid consolidation and con-
traction of the crust of the moon; whose mass or bulk
being only l-64th of that of the earth, while its siurface is
the 1-1 6th, has, in consequence of these proportions, a
radiating or heat-dirpensing surface four times greater
than that of the earth in relation to its bulk. From
this consideration it has been suggested by the exhibitor
that, by the rapid cooling and collapse of the crust of the
moon on its molten interior, the fluid matter under the
solid crust has been by this action forced to find an
escape through the superincumbent solid crust, and come
forth in those vast volcanic actions which in some remote
period of time have covered its surface with the myriads
of craters and volcanic features that give to its surface its
remarkable character.
The vast : magnitude of the limar craters, it has also
been suggested, are due to this rapid collapse of the
moon's crust on its molten interior, — the action as re-
gards the wide dispersion of the ejected matter being
enhanced by the lightness of the erupted matter, seeing
that the force of gravity which gives the quality of weight
471*
C?iA« 10.— PHILOSOPHICAL, MUSICAL, HOROLOGICAL.
North, North Crntral, and South CiNTRAfi OALUtRiRs.
[Unitbd
to matter on the moon, m on the earth, ia leiw on the
■urflMe of the moon than on the earth,— lo that the col-
lapae action had to operate on a very light material.
The oauaee of tboae vaat rangea of moiintalnH leen on
the monn'a aurfaoe haa bean auggeated to be produced by
the continued progreaa of the oolkpae action of the aolid
eruat of the moon oruahing down or following the con-
tracting molten interior, which, by the gradual diaperaion
of ite heat, would retreat flrom contact with the interior
of the aolid oruat, and permit the cruat to cruah down
•ad ao force a portion of the original aurfaoe out of the
way, and in oonaoquenoe of thia action, oauae such to
■aaume the form and arrangement of mountain rangea.
In illuatration of thia important action, the fiuniliar oaae
of the wrinkling of the aurface of an apple, by reaaon of
the contraction of the interior and the inability of the
Burfuoe to accommodate itaelf to the change otherwiae,
haa been adduced.
The origin or oauae of thoae bright linea which radiate
ftt>m certain volcanic centrea on the moon'a aurfaoe (Tycho,
for inatanoe) haa been illustrated by the experiment of
oatiaing the surface of a globe of glass tiled with water to
oollapae on the fluid interior, by rapidly contracting the
anrftwe while the water had no means of escape. Thereault
waa the splitting or or.)cking up of the surface of the globe
in a multitude of radiating cracks, which bear the most
remarkable similarity to thoae on the moon. Thia sub-
ject is also illustrated by reference to the manner in which
the surface of a frozen pond may be made to crack by
pressure fW>m imdemeath — so yielding radiating cracks
trom the centre of divergence where the chief discharge
of water will take place, while simultaneoualy all along
the linea of radiating oraoka the water will make ite
^pearaaoe :— thua explaining how it is that the molten
material, which had in like manner been under the surface
of the moon during that period of ite history, appears to
have come forth simultaneoualy through the ontHu, and
appeared on the surface as basaltic or igneous ovei^ow,
irraapeotive of aurfiaoe inequalities.]
689 OxLBY, W., Mcmehetten — Manufacturer.
Smith's patent steam indicator and water indicator.
689a Dunn, T. EJinburgk-lavmior.
Electro-magnetic machine.
690 QoRB, O., 31 New 81. Birmingham— Inventor.
Medical galvanic apparatus.
691 HuoHES, J., Qiieen St., Aotc/i/e— Manufacturer.
Compass.
693 Perioai^ H., jun— Inventor.
Lunarian.
696 Loot, — , Manufacturer.
A galvanometer, with the names Brett and Little,
patentees, engraved on the dial.
697 Walker, John, 48 Princes Street, Leicester
Square — ^Manufacturer.
Drawing-room clock, from a design 1^ Mr. C. Orant;
with snbjeote in panels embossed by Mr. 0. Abbott. The
case of the dock, which is electrotyped, oonsiste of a base
and a pedestal of turquoise blue glass, surmounted by
figures mdicating the progress made in the civilisation of
this island. This is illustrated by seven subjects revolv-
ing at the base : the sava^ life of ancient Britons — ^the
Roman governor introducing agriculture — the encourage-
ment given to Flemish weavers to settle in the island —
introduction of printing by Caxton — the improvement of
the steam-engine by James Watt — the opening of tho
flrat railway at Liverpool — and the movement which led
to the Qreat Exhibition. The clock ahows the hours
and minutes on an open dial, supported by appropriatt*
figures. The signs or the aodiac are made to ropretont
the months, and seven subjeote, etii>)oased in silver, fac-
similes of those in the pedestal, have been grouped so
as to be seen at one view. The aooompanying plate repro-
sente this dock.
698 Trotman, S., Nolling ^tf/— Inventor.
Night clock. A lamp is suspended upon a lever, the
light from which is thrown upon each hour aa it arrives.
700 VuLUAMT, B. L., 6B Pall Mall— Inymior.
Model of a peculiar method of suspending the pendu-
lum of a huge turret clock.
Model of a method not generally known of suspending
a pendulum. Supposed to have been only twice reduced
to practice: firstly, in the case of a clock the property
of Her Mi^esty, and now at Osborne; secondly, in the
great clock at the Post Office. The suspension of a pen-
aulum upon the bases of four isosceles triangles is pro-
bably the best denomination for this method of suspen-
sion.
This model is made to a scale of six inches to a foot.
It was proposed in this dock to employ a two-seconda
pendulum, which is preferable to any other for a lai^e
clock. In the model, the length of the pendulum is regu-
lated by the height of the stand from the floor.
The principal pieces forming this suspension are the
following: — A base upon which the support reste; four
supporte connected together two and two; eight steel
bearings; and the bmuu to which the pendulum is
attached.
As the following description must necessarily be very
brief, an attempt is made, first, to describe the construc-
tion, and then to point out a few of its advantages.
The apex of the triangles is the centre of motion; this,
for the convenience of construction, is made continuouB in
reference to the two triangles on the same side, of which
the centres of motion are in practice very small cylinders,
answering the purpose of pivots, prolonged from the one
to the other. The reverse ends of the four supports,
though very short, are the bases of the triangles, which,
when placed in their proper situation relative to each
other (which is done by means of the two counter-
weighte), form the four supporte upon which the pendu-
lum reste. The pendulum is itself immediately sus-
pended from a beam, the underside of which terminates
in a small cylinder, which in a similar manner, as in the
case of the triangles, answers the purpose of two pivots,
The pivoto of the triangles work in sinks instead of holes,
in four pieces of steel noade perfectly hard, which pieces of
steel are kept in their places by the pressure of the sup-
porte. The bearings upon which these four pieces rest
are arcs of circles which, should any inaccuracies occur in
the execution of the work, secure for the pivote a full
bearing upon the four pieces. The tops of the supports
(upon which the four pieces of steel are, in which the pivots
of the beam rest) are in like manner, and with the same
intention, made arcs of circles; the four pieces that rest
upon them are also loose pieces made of steel and per-
fectly hard. By this arrangement, all inconvenience from
any inaccuracy in the construction is obviated, and a full
bearing given to the pivots of the beam. There is on
arm attached to and projecting from the base of each of
the supporte, terminated by a weight. These weights
act as counter-weighte, to retain the supporte in their
proper position. The weighte move upon screws, for the
greater convenience of regulating their distance from the
centre of motion.
The action of the parte will now be very easily ex-
plained. The pendulum being set in motion, the pivots
of the beam, and the bases of the triangles upon which
they bear, roll together, the friction being removed to the
rentor,
upon a lever, the
iir M it arrive*.
nohea to a foot.
r a two-seconds
iher for a large
ndulum is regu-
floor,
penaioQ are the
)ort rests; fo\ir
wo; eight steel
9 pendulum is
m,
ORXAMENTAI. CT.OCK CASE, MR, WALKER,
KiKODOM.]
AND 8UR0ICAL INSTBUMRNTfl.
KoRTH, North Crntnai., and Houth (7bnthai. (Ialmrim.
piToU of tba trianRlaa; but the qiuuitity of motion la lo
eiiHNnltnKly iiimll thnt It would Im vary dlffluult tu ai-
lirtMH It by • iluoiumi fmatlon: it lajuat |>erca|itli>l« at tha
IMiiiita of tha aruM wliioh omtv tha oounter-waighta, Mil
wliiuh ara of tha aaiiia length aa tha aupiMrta of tha
(Main.
At flint night, till* ■uHiMinaion might b« oonaldarail aa a
niiHliflcntlon of the woll -known n|ipliaatiiin of friution-
rullvni IM iiipportii, to n |i«nduli> i; to which uimle, how-
tfvrr, It boHm no ruminiblunce. lu llm comi of tha fHotlon-
mllar, though thtt motion ii altwrnataly both wayi, Rtill
tliu whoela ultimataly ruvoive, which Ruff><^i«ntly provea
thnt tha motion twokwiirdi* luid furwarrlH in nut >!iniiil: it
fullowii that the total oircuuifuruuvo "^ the wheeiM ih ixt
Im of the Mtnie n\nturlal ; mid an yet, no tnntiirial han Iweu
(iimoverud of lulfluient hardiirfiM to make friri i iri-roUeni,
when omplovod to mipport hoAV) ' "ighta, orwliiili iiiproc-
ticedlil nut beoome indente<l ami tben wnnr Into bol'iwi*:
when thiH oomniunodH they came to be r<>l|i'r!«, and friction
i* «|)«odily engunduriid to a degree tiiat I'l'iiduin them
much W0I1I0 than UNelfiM.
In till* ituN|)eiMion, the oane la tpilte diflerent in principle
and execution. The triangle* which form the nupimrta
liy which the pendulum in carried have no tendency to
revolve, booauHe the pluctia whore the pivotn of the beam
lieiir (which are gcoinutrioal linea at the nhortoat dinttmce
fiiiiu the centre of the plvotn) and the eight bonringH,
being detached pieces, anoni the convenitiiioo of being
iiiiule of Hteul, and being |>orfeutly hard. When the pen-
(luiiiiu in act in motion, two of tha mipiiorta aiiocnd
wiiila two deHcend, moving an e<iual (piantity each way
up and down, thoiuj that oaoond when the pendulum
vibrutea In one diractiim, deaocndiitg when it vibrate* in
tlie other : their motion, oxpreflHod by the angle they
vibrate, la detcnnined by the arc of vibration of the {len-
dtiliim. It muit be speoially noticed that the practical
elToot of thin moti(m la to raiao the beam, and con-
se<|Uontly the pundiiluin, and the longer the arc of
vibration, the more it la railed; but the tiuiuitity roiaed
would with a long arc of vibration be ao exceedingly
Rinall that it would be difHoult to expraiw it by a
decimal fraction, conaequently it ia not attended with any
pnictiotti inoonveuienoe. That the pendulum rauat lie
nuHed la evident trova the oiroumatanoo, that a Una
Ruppoged to be drawn from the centre of the lower pivot
to the termination of the geometrical lino on the bone, on
which the pivot beara when the pendulum la at rent, ia
nucuRHarily, from the principle of thia auapenHlon, the
Hhurtest that can be drawn between theau two points.
It follows that whichever way the aupporta move, that
line must be lengthened, because the suiea of an isosceles
triimgle, however shoi-t the hwe, are noceHRarily longer
than a line that bisects into equal angles, the angle at the
vertex or apex of the triangle.
There are monv advantages attendant upon this mode
of suspension, the principal of which may be briefly
onumenite<l as follows : —
The power of dispensing with the pendulum spring,
which renders any compensation for change of tempera-
ture in reference to the alterations in the strength of the
spring caused by alteration of temperature, unnecessary,
and enables a very heavy bob to be carried by a very
light rod.
The omission of the crutch, by which the friction of
two pivots and other inconveniences ore avoided.
The facility afforded to employ a muih heavier bob
than can safely be 8uspende<l by a spring.
The power of giving a i)endulum, with a bob of a
given weight, a certain ore of vibration with much less
maintaining power than would Iks required to produce
the same arc of vibration from a similar pendulum hung
l>y a spring; a circumstance which necessarily reduces
the wear and tear of the machine.
The power of determining the exact length of the
pendulum hung by a spring.
The avoidance of the whole train of evils which result
from the breaking of the suspension spring, an accident
which does sometimes occur, and never without great
detriment to the machine.
70'i ElMiR, TmoUkM, Grtai Ptttf SIrtH, W*tlmiml4r—
Manufaotiirar.
Photometer ; to aacartaln the IlluminaUng powar of gM
aa ooiii|)tirail with any other daaoription of light ; It ia
oom|Hiut and iMiiiabla, tha diao ia flsad at a oartain
diatanoa fhmi tha atondord light. Diagram to ahow the
inainimant In uaa,
[It ia difflcult to datarmlna with aoouraoy tha oompa-
rative intenaity of light. If we auppoae the quantity of
light failing on a bmly to be the same aa would have fallen
on tha plaue oouupied by Its sIumIow, It followa that tha
intensity of light decniHaea aa the B(|uare of tha dlatano*
increaaea, and therefore the denaaneaa of tha shadow of an
liiterpoaiiig bo<ly Iwcomea a meana of determining th«
oomparatlve inteniltlua of light; for, If they ap|iaar of
une(|ual denaity. It ia aufflclent to move tha luminoua
bodiea to those diatancea till the denaltiea of tha ahadowi
be equal ; than the intenaltiaa of the light or luminoua
bo<liea will be to each other a* the squarea of their
respective diatimces from the Interposing botly.
Initrumenta for the purpose of determining tha In*
tensity "f one light with another; of one strong light with
aeveral smaller lights ; the oompamtive iiitensitiea of the
light of the moon, and of that of a candle; the light of
the heavena by night and by day, &o., have been invented
at different times.— J. U.]
703 LiPRCoMDR & Co., 233 .S'tninJ— Manufaoturora.
Two patent pneumatic fountalna.
704
A
TiriMDURr, R., EJicinstim — Inventor.
' volta aubito" tum-ovdr deak and stand.
705 Brooks, Qboroe, St. AlUitu, //«r<»— Proprietor.
" Clavio attachment," for facllitatinK the performiuice
on the violin, violoncello, and double boss, and enabling
the student to play with correct intonation.
700 TooTAL k Brown, 73 i'<cca(/i%— Manufooturera.
Pianofoiie.
707 Dkarlove, M. W., LeeJt — Manufnoturer.
Miniature nio^lel of an Antonius Straduiuius' violin
and a miniature double-bass.
708 Barton, H. W., The Waterfoot Pettit/o, Are/aurf—
Inventor.
Military sketching compass.
709 Beloe, W. Linton, CoAWmim— Producer.
Copy of Antonius Stiwduoi-ius' violin.
7 1 0 MoYLE, Samuel, Domiyo Hmae, Ti-wu— Producer.
Model of a floathig breakwater.
Mountain borometer, on an improved plan, for mea-
suring heights by boiling water.
711 .. jRMANN, AoousTUS, Camlen Street,
' „Kfcn7'"'« — Producer and Manufacturer.
Qoographical illustrations, consisting chiefly of physi-
cal and statistical maps of the world.
Specimens in manuscript, drawn with the pen and
bnish, and comprising plans and mops to show the phy-
sical conflguration of certain countries.
Specimens engraved on metol (steel and copper). Tho
various shadings and tints produced partly by macluuo-
ruling, partly by oqua-tint: this latter method is very
rarely employed for mapping, on account of certain didi-
culties in tho combination of tho shoiUng with the out
line and writing; when successful, it produces effeota
corrector and finer than other methods.
Specimens engraved on stone. The process of on-
graving maps and plans on stone ia very little used m
474«
Class lO.—PHILOSOPHICAL, MUSICAL, HOROLOGICAL,
NOBTH, NOBTH CENTRAL, AMD SOUTB CkNTRAL GALLERIES.
[United
this country, although it poMotaea oonaiderable advantages
over drawing them on stone, or engraving them on metol.
712 Clafhax, John Kiohlet, 6 JBriggate, Leeds—
Proprietor.
A county map of the Umted States of America, firom a
steel plate, on Qoodyear's gum elastic.
713 Brown, Joseph, 71 Leadenhall Street — Inventor
and Manufasturer.
Aerial machine.
714
Mason, Eh>WARD, Brmnptm Poat Office — Inventor
and Manufacturer.
A model of a navigable balloon, which works by sails,
helm, and marinet's compass. Scale ^ inch to a foot.
715 Bell, Hdoh, Baltic Wharf, Millbank — inventor
and Manufacturer.
Model of a " locomotive balloon." The steering appa-
ratus has the motions of a biixi's tail; the car is so
arranged with buoyant apparatus at the ends, as to be a
life boat in case of a descent being made into the sea, and
the balloon aind machinery may be stowed away in it.
Improved valve for a balloon.
Model arrangement for a " locomotive parachute,"
equipped for service.
716 Plummeb, H. Lorenzo, 112 Powia Street, Woolwich,
Kent — Inventoi*.
Working model of an aerial machine, with vriugs, which
is put in motion by a clock-spring.
717 Watt, O. T., 2 Witli,m Street, Albert Gate, Hyde Park
— Inventor.
Dentistry: consisting of specimens of artificial palates,
models of the mouth and jaw, and sets of teeth of various
construction, of hippopotamus tusk, porcelain, &o,
718 DiNSDALE, CcTHT.ERT, ^«wc(ut/«^Manufacturer and
Inventor.
Model of artificial gums, composed of incorrodible
material, showing a metallic artificial alveolar process.
Patented in England. Scotland, and France. Wax models
of the human head. Model of a dissected human head.
Series of wax models, showing the different stages of in-
cubation in the egg of the barn-door fowl.
[The mysterious changes which occur in the egg on the
application of the stimulus of heat, and the progress of
the germ up to its perfect condition, have long attracted
the attention of physiologists. — R. E.]
719 Rose, J. E., 68 Afmmt Pleasant, I.iverpcol —
Manufacturer.
Artificial teeth, with models of the mouth.
720 Trdman, E., 40a Haymarket — Inventor.
Patent artificial teeth, with gutta-percha gums. Set of
mineral teeth, mounted in gutta percha.
Small case, intended to illustrate a further application
of the principle.
Specimens of pure gutta percha, such as used in the
preceding articles, before the colouring process.
721 Harrington, O., 84.9/. Thnmas Street, Portsmouth —
Inventor and Patentee.
New description of patent artificial teeth.
Model teeth for taking the mould and dimensions of
the required set.
Qauge for adjusting thd set, and machinery for pressing
tortoiseshell for the bed and palate.
722 Lawrence & Co., Tslinciton Place, Park Road, Islington
- -Manufacturers.
Patent improved horse-hair flesh gloves and straps, for
friction of the skin. Qloves and straps for use in the
bath, not injured by wet. Flesh brushes of a new design,
with hat, cloth, velvet, and horse brushes.
723 BoesiNOHAM, B., Wiit>ech — Inventor.
Artificial leg.
724 Orat, Fbteb, 47 Hanover Street, Edinburgh —
Inventor.
Model of an invalid bed, made by Thomas Sturrock,
1 Duke-street, Leith.
725 Kennedy, Svorrt, M.D., MerrUm Square, Dublin
— inventor.
Siphon, adapted to green-house or garden watering.
The principle is the substitution of an elastic caoutchouc
chamber, for the suction pump to procure exhaustion,
the water being directed in its course by double ball
and socket valves. The pressure of the hand or carriage
handle expels the water, and its own elasticity pro-
cures the exhaustion. The siphon has a sustained or
continuous action, by means of an external exhausted
air-chambjr.
Siphon adapted to medical purposes, as a substitute
for the pumps at present in use for throwing fluids into
internal cavities. The exhaustion is produced by the
elasticity of the India-rubber bag itself, the fluid being
propelled by the pressure of one hand leaving the other
free to guide the instrument; the material is not acted
upon by the usual chemical agents.
726 Seltzer, Sophia, 7 Upper Runelagh Street,
Pimlico — Inventor.
Chair for spinal curvature.
727 HiOHLEY, Samuel, 32 Fleet Street — Producer.
An anatomical statuette, height, 27 inches, exhibitiug
the external muscles of the human figure; carefully
modelled, and expressly adapted for the use of artists,
and others interested in the study of anatomy; accom-
panied by a key, containing outline views of the statuqtt?
in its several aspects, with i-eferences to the names of the
muscles,
727 a Titterton — Inventor.
Instrument for slaughtering cattle.
728 Lanaoan, Francis, 12 Broicnloio Street, Bedford Soa.
Apparatus, and shoes for the cure of bunions.
729 EwART, Qeorge, 19 Quickset Bow, New Boad,
Regents J'a 'k — Manufacturer.
Zinc spirometers, for ascertaining the capacity of the
lungs; zinc mouldings for the decoration of buildings,
internal and external ; and samples of manufactured zinc.
[The spirometer is an instrument invented in order to
determine the capa'-ity of the human lungs. Its prin-
ciple is extremely simple. It is merely an inverted zinc
cylinder, balanced by a weight, and rising and falling
within another outer case containing water: it has, con-
sequently, a close resemblance to a gas-liolder. The ex-
tremity of a tube leading into the inner cylinder is ap-
plied to the mouth of the individual, \vho is dii'ectcd to
expel the air from the chest as far as it is possible to do
so. The inner cylinder iiMes, carrying with it a measured
scale, on which the cubic capacity of the lungs is easily
read oflF. When this scale indicates an unusual depaiture
from an ascertained average, disease is generally found to
exist.— R. E.]
730 RiTTERBRANDT, Dr. L. A., 7 Northumberland Street,
Strand — Inventor.
Galvanic bath. The principle of this bath is simple:
it consists of a vessel constructed of two different metals,
separated by a non-metallic substa.^'e which not merely
fulfils the purpose of on ordinai'y bath, but at the siuue
time acts as a perfect battery.
The metals employed are zinc and copper, the latter
being plated with silver. This combination, however, is
not the only one that may be employed. Any other two
KlSODOM.J
AND SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS.
North, Nobth Central, and South Central Galleries.
475*
garden watering.
, elastic caoutchouc
irocure exhaustion,
■se by double ball
he hand or carriage
»wn elasticity pro-
has a sustained or
eitomal exhausted
Bs, as a substitute
brewing fluids into
produced by the
sir, the fluid being
I leaving the other
iterial is not acted
'iumberland Street,
metals differing in their electrical relations— that is, posi-
tive and negative to each other — will afford in a more or
less degree the same result; as, for example, zinc and
ii-on, iron and copper, &c.
This bath is a simple apparatus for causing a current of
electricity to pass througn the body of the bather. The
fluid employed is common water. By connecting the wires
attached to the two metals a strong current of electricity will
be made to pass through the body of the bather, which
will be attested by the deflection of the needle of the
galvanometer attached to the bath. If, instead of cold
water, wai-m water be employed, the deflection of the
needle wiU increase in proportion to the temperature of
the water. If a small quantity of common salt, or any
Aoluble salt be Jed, or sea or mineral spring water em-
ployed, the cur. it of electricity will still further increase ;
notwithstanding which, however, it will pass so mildly
and imperceptibly through the body as to obviate any
unpleasant sensation.
In cases where it is necessary to make use of electricity
of greater intensity than that producible by the bath, this
may be effected by combining it with one or more cells of
an ordinary batteiy, so as constitute one compound bat-
tery. Where it is necessary to pass shocks through the
body of the patient it can be effected, in the bath, in
several ways: — 1. By closing two of the caps of a single
coil with a wire, and connecting the other two by wires
attAohed to the bath. 2. By connecting one or more
cells of a battery with the caps of a primary coil, and
connecting the two ends of the secondary coil with the
wii'es of the bath; care being taken that the direction of
the current from the coil coincides with that of the bath.
3. By using a single coil, connecting two of its caps with
a battery, and the two others with the two wii-es of the
bath~viz., the positive wire of the coil with the negative
wire of the bath, or with the wire attached to the zinc,
and t'lt'o tcrsd. In this manner the patient will receive
shocks from the electricity of the coil, while his body will
be affected by the electricity from the bath.
732 Badcock, John, Jlriyhton — Producer.
Photographic specimens of vaccine, produced by inocu-
lating the cow with small-pox, showing the chai'octer of
the vesicles in their different stages. The specimens, fur-
nished by Mr. Constable of Brighton, show the genuine
vaccine vesicle and its characteristic areola as described
by Dr. Jenner.
[The production of vaccine virus is a subject of much
impoi-tance. The exhibitor states that he has proved
the efficiency of virus thus obtained, and suggests that
by proceeding in the maimer described, a sujjply of virus
may be procured without the loss of time caused by
sending, in some instances, many thousand miles for
vaccine. — R. E.]
733 Hamilton, HenhvG., R.N. 71 Ecctcston Square —
Producer.
Collection of ancieut Greek coins electrotyped by the
exhibitor. ^
734 Blackwell, Wm., i( Bedford Court, Covent Garden —
Inventor.
Apparatus for fractures, trusses, and sui-gical instru-
ments.
735 Bryckson, Henry, 5 'Jhttoiham Court jNVk' Soad,
St. J'lincrdu — Manufactui'er.
Powerful church barrel organ of superior construction
in a gothic case.
736 QowiNG, J. W., Canuien jToicn— Inventor.
Instruments for operating on the teeth of horaes.
Apparatus for fractures, &c. Neurotomy knife, and
scissors for dividing nerves.
737 Wood, J. W., Manchester — Inventor.
Tmssos. Support for cui-vature of the spine and sur-
gical iiiHtrunionts.
740 Tayler, O. R., Sunderland— Inymior.
Geographical clock. (South Hatt Corner, Unittd State*
Department,)
741 8i>iM8, William (surviving partner in the firm
of Trouohton and Simms), 138, Fleet Street —
Inventor and Manufacturer.
An equatorial instrument, adapt«id fur the latitude of
25°, and mounted generally after the method of t'i-Kuen-
hofer; it is furnished with a clock-work motion, so that
the telescope mcves so as to counteract the effect of the
eai'th's rotation; the diameter of the object-glass is four
inches and nine-tenths of an inch, and its focal length is
about 7 feet.
The declination axis is open and exposed between ita
two supports; its ends are cylindrical, and adndt of the
application of a spirit-level, by this nieaus the adjustment
of the instrument is facilitated, and it is i-eadily brought
to the meridian, and thus, observations of transits over
the meridian can be made suiUciently ueai* fur identifying
an object.
The illumination of the telescope is regulated by the
application of the throttle valve of a steiuu-eugine, and is
as effective as the mui-e elaborate methods hitherto in use.
A best spider line position micrometer, of which exten-
sive use has been maide in measurements of the relative
position and distance of binary stars. The iKmition circle is
divided to one minute of ai-c, and the reading is by means
of opposite verniers upon the edge of the oiiHiular plate to
which the micrometer ia fixed; the value of the uuurome-
tiicol divisions, however, depend on the focal length of
the telescope with which this instrument ia employed.
An annular micrometer, and a set of negative eye-pieceit
are shown with this instrument.
An equatorial instiiiment adapted for the latitude of
London, on the same principle as the preceding, but
without clock motion. It has been ammged as an inex-
pensive, but at the same time an ett'eotive instiiiment.
The diameter of the object-glass is m inches, and its
focal length is about 45 inches; it is provided with »
spider line position micrometer of the second order, in
which one sci-ew motion only is given.
The whole is suppoi-ted upon an iron column with suit-
able an-angements for its final adjustments.
[An equatorial instrument consists of a telescope fixed
to a graduated cii'cle called the declination circle, and of
a polar axis, to which is fixed a cu-cle called the hour
circle. When the instrument is adjusted the polar oxia
is parallel to the axis of the earth, and (Mrpendicular to
the plane of the hour circle, and to the axis of the decli-
nation circle, &c. In its use, the dolination circle con be
turned about the polar axis, and the telescope can bo
directed so as to be inclined at all angles to the eai'th's
axis, and by the means of these two motions, the tele-
scope can be directed to any point in the heavens, and if
a clock-work motion be applied, an object when viewed
through the telescojie seems to be without motion, affoixl-
ing the opportunity of examining it minutely. -J. G.]
The altitude and a/iinuth instiiiment, kno^^'n as the
" Westbury Cii'cle," so called fi-omthe valuable observa-
tions mode with it at Westbury by John Pond, Esii., the
late Astronomer Koyal, by wluoh a change of flguro in
the great mural quodi-ant at the Royal Observatory was
clearly demonstrated.
This instrument was made oiiginolly by the late E,
Troughton, and subsequently I'eiiaii-ed and i«-divide<l by
the exhibitor. The rodivision was effected by the pro-
cess invented by Troughton, and described by him in the
Philosophical Transactions for 1809.
The diameter of the altitude circle ia !iO inches, and of
the azimuth 24 inches. The spaces upon the i-espective
circles mensura five minutes of lu-c, which are subdivided
to single seconds by two opposite miorometer microscopes.
Five revolutions of the mioi'ometer sci-ew being, by the
optical arrangement, made to measura five minutes of
arc upon the cii-cle; the COth pait of a i-evolution of the
fio.]
[Official Illustrated Catalocue.]
2 N— P
»v
Clabb 10.— philosophical, MUSICAL, HOROLOGICAL,
North, North Central, and South Central Galleries.
[Ukitkd
micrometer aorew i», therefore, equal to one second of
uo. The positions of the udniuthal micrometers are
unalterable; those of the altitude circle are fixed to the
extremities of an arm which is moveable upon a centre,
an arranoement which admits of their positions being
altered relatively to the cero of the circle, and hence the
readings obtained upon particular objects are changed in
every new series of observations. Such errors as are due
to the graduation are by these means much diminished if
not entuely eliminated. The axes are ac^usted by means
of spirit-levels, in addition to which the instrument is
furnished witii a plumb-line apparatus.
A portable altitude and azimuth instrument : each circle
is 15 inches in diameter, graduated upon bands of silver
to five minutes of arc, upon Mr. Simms' new self-acting
dividing engine. There are two micrometer microscopes
to each oirole showing single seconds of arc. The micro-
Mopet have achromatic object-glasses. This instrument
is furnished with the natUr point apparatus, or central
collimator, the invention of the exhibitor, wUch consists
of a telescope in the interior azimuthal axis, around which
the snperior parts of i^e instrument revolve. The spider
lines, in the form of an acute cross upon the diiiphragm
of this central collimator, being placed in the principal
forms of its object-glass, can be seen in the telescope of
the instrument when it ia directed downwards, or towards
the Nadir; and their intersecting point serves as an object
to which every observation maide with the instrument
oaa be referred, and therefore supersedes the use of an
artificial horizon, or other extraneous means having the
■ame object in view. The transit collimation can also be
•cyuated by its means, without reference to any external
object, and it supplies the place of the riding level for the
transit axis, in the event of its being broken.
A transit circle, 2 feet diameter, with two reading
micrometer microscopes having achromatic object-glasses;
the divisions upon the circle are sub-divided to single
seconds by the micrometers. This circle was also gra-
duated upon the self-acting dividing engine invented bv
the exhibitor, as were also the circles of the altazimuth
and the transit circle lately made for the Koyal Observa-
toiy at Greenwich.
The telescope ia achromatic and has an aperture of
3^ inches, and a focal length of about 46 inches. The
q)pBratuB by which the field of vibw is illuminated is the
invention of the exhibitor, and has been adapted to the
great transit circle at the Royal Observatory. The field
of view and the wires interchange the conditions of light
and dai-kness; hence, if the object be a bright one, the
field of view can be illuminated, and the wires appear as
dork lines upon it; but if the object be a faint one, the
field can be made dark, and the wires luminous. This
change is brought about instantaneously by either draw-
ing outward or pressing inward a small cylindrical plug
placed conveniently for the observer.
The illumination of the divisions upon the circle is
affected by the same lamp which illuminates the field of
the telescope, as follows; —
A prism adjoining the microscope object-glass receives
the bght front a lens in the side of the lantern, which is
condensed upon the graduated face of the circle as a disc
of light, which just covers the extent of the field of ihe
micrometer microscope, and is so arranged that a normal
to the face of the circle bisects the angle formed by the
incident and reflected rays.
The instniment ia supported upon wooden models of
the stone piers upon whicli it will be ultimately fixed; and
the whole may be taken as a representative of the class
of instrument which ia now rising in the estimation of
Hritish astronomers.
A transit iuBtrument 3Meet focal length, and 2f inches
aperture, with two setUiig cii-cles upon the telescope
tube, axis level, micrometer in the eye-piece, &c., ns is
usual in the most perfect instruments of this class; but
as this instnunent has been made for the coast survey of
the United States, now being carried on under the direc-
tion of Professor A. D. Boche, and is intended for obser-
vations both in the meridian and prime vertical, the
exhibitor has introduced two additional parts to fit it the
better for its work. Firatly, a reversing firarae by which
the telescope can be lifted from the Vs, turned end for
end and again lowered into its bearings without being
subjected to any handling, or other operation by which
the parts may be unequally exj«ndea and the acytist-
ments deranged; the operation u safe and expeditious.
Secondly, both the pivots are perforated, in one of which
a diaphragm with cross lines and an eye piece ia fitted,
and in the other an object-glass of suitable focal lengtli
is fixed, and hence the axis becomes a telescope. Now,
if this telescope be directed to any object, such as the
orosa lines of a collimator or any terrestrial mark that
presents itself, or is set up at a oousiderable distance
from the instrument, and the axis be mode to revolve, the
form of the pivots may be thereby examined, or (which in
the instrument exhibited, ia its primary purooae) this tele-
scope may be used for turning the principal telescope 9(i°;
that is to say, for changing its meridional to a primu
vertical position, or the reverse.
This instrument is supported upon a oaat-iron atand.
[The transit instrument consista of a telescope placed
in the meridian. It is fixed to two arms, the extremities
of which are turned into two equal cylindrical pivots,
which turn in Y's on the top of two piers, placed east and
west of the centre of the telescope. The centres of the
pivots, or their axes are in the same straight line, which
is called the axis of the instrument. In order to observe
the instant that a celestial object passes the meridian,
there is placed in the telescope, at the focus of the object
glass, a system of fine cobweb wires perpendicular to the
horizon, and one placed horizontal. At the instant an
observation is made, the star's image coincides with the
intersection of these wires. An arrangement of this kind
is absolutely necessary, as the field of view of the telesco^
is not a mere point.
The transit instnmient is used in connexion with an
astronomical clock, adjusted to sidereal time. A clock
so adjusted that it completes a circuit in a sidereal day,
and indicates Oh. Om. Os., when the first point uf Aries ia
on the meridian, and having its dial-plate divided into 24
equal spaces; hence, when the transit instrument is <«d-
justed, and the clock goes correctly, at the instant the
first point of Aries is on the meridian, the time shown by
the clock ia Oh. ; when this point is 15° or 80° west of the
meridian, the time shown by the clock is Ih. or 2h.
respectively, and so on. — J. O.]
A diagonal transit instrument, in which the means of
illuminating the field of view is new in this class of in-
stniment, and is the invention of the exhibitor.
The mode hitherto adopted has been the placing of a
reflecting surfoce in front of the object-glass, and receiv-
ing light upon this plate from a lamp or candle placed iu
a distant part of the observatoiy. The objections to this
mode are, the difficulty of throwing light upon the i-o-
fleeter at all, under such circumstances ; besides, for every
observation, a new arrangement of the light has to be
made; and further, by the reflector being ploce^ in front
of the object-glass, part of its light is cut off.
In the instrument exhibited, the light passes through
the axis, and this is effected by placing a lens, of which a
very large segment, nearly an annulus, projects beyond
the edge of the diagonal i-eflector within the axis. The
light, passing through a small lens fixed in one of the
pivots in the usual way, divei'ges upon the ojien segment
of the interior lens, and is thereby oonvergetl to the op-
posite pivot, whei-e the diaphragm is nlaced.
An isometrical elliptograph invented by the Astronomer
Royal, G. B. Airy, Esq., by which ellipses in isometrical
perspective can be drawn with great facility and accuracy.
The exhibitor is the manufacturer.
Three imperial standard yards, made for Her Majesty k
Commissioners for the restoration of the Standard ol
Weights and Measures, with the supports invented by
Professor Miller and the Rev. R. Sheepshanks.
[Unitkd
ig frame by whioli
's, tui-ne<l end for
ig8 without Iwing
iperation by which
I and the acUugt-
I and expeditious,
d, in one of which
ire piece is fitted,
table focal length
> teleeoope. Now,
bjeot, auoh as the
■estrial mark that
laiderable distance
ade to revolve, the
lined, or (which in
purpMe)thi8 tele-
sipal telescope 9(1°;
lional to a prime
oast-iron stand.
. telescope placed
18, the extremities
lylindrioal pivots,
rs, placed east and
he centres of the
raight line, which
1 order to observe
les the meridian,
'ocus of the object
:pendioular to the
^t the instant on
nncides with the
ment of this kind
w of the telesco^
>nnexion with iin
1 time. A clock
in a sidereal day,
t point of Aries is
be divided into 24
instrument is id-
i the instant the
he titue shown by
or 80° west of the
ock is Ih. or 2h.
ich the meauH of
this class of in-
hibitor.
1 the placing of n
;la8s, and receiv-
' candle placed iu
objections to this
ght upon the re-
besides, for every
I light has to be
ig ploce^ in front
toff.
t posses through
» lens, of whicli n
projects beyond
n the axis. The
)d in one of the
he open segment
rorgetl to the op-
oed.
y the Astronomer
ses in isonietricnl
lity and oocurocy.
for Her MiycRty'H
the Standard tit'
ii-ts invented by
aanks.
1
I
w.
CO
tu
W(
DIOPTRIC RKVOLVINO LIGHT-HOUSE. MRgSRS. CHANCR.
KiSODOM.]
AND SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS.
North, Nobth Cestbai,, and Sooth Central Galleries.
477*
The bars, which are one inch square, are an dloy of
copper with tin and zinc, the proportious of each consti-
tuent is engraved upon the bar, and these proportions
were determined by the late F. Baily, Esq., after very
careful experiments.
The planes upon which the divisions are out, showing
the standard yiu^, are at the bottom of cylindrical holes,
and in the neutral axis of the bar. The divisions are
upon pins of gold, and their situation is well calculated
to defend them from everything but wilful injury.
Professor Miller's support consists of a system of levers
by which an equal degree of support is given to eight
equi-distant points in the bar.
Mr. Sheepshanks' support is simply a trough of mercury
in which the bar floats, and is prevented from turning
over by means of a stirrup in the middle of its length,
with pivots resting in two Y bearings. To this apparatus
is added two of Mr. Sheepshanks' recently made thermo-
meters.
A 5-feet standard bar, and the 5-feet tubular scale, No.
4, of the late F. Baily's Report, are the property of the
exhibitor, and have been used in the formation and com-
parison of many existing standard scales, both for this
and for foreign countries.
A Troughton's reflecting circle, of the usual kind, the
circle being cast in one piece. 'This circle was arranged
OR an improvement to that by Borda, and substitutes the
reading of six verniers in a complete observation, for the
repetition of the angle as practised with the older instru-
ment.
A Troughton's sextant, having the advantage of light-
ness and strength in its construction.
A transit theodolite in which the ordinai-y vertical arc
is axtended to a complete circle, and is read by opposite
vemiei's. The range of the telescope is unlimited, like
that of a transit instrament, and by means of a diagonal
eye-piece observations can be made even in the zenith.
The axis of the telescope is perforated, and the field is
illuminated by a lamp attached to one of the supports, it
is, in fact, an altitude and azimuth instrument equally
well-adapted for the surveyor and the scientific traveller.
Five achromatic object-glasses, one of 9 inches, two of
8 inches, one of (>/!, inches, and one of 4 inches, effective
aperture, all worked by the exhibitor. The discs of glasa
in the first-mentioned being of English manufacture.
[A telescope furnished with an achromatic object glass
is termed an achromatic telescope. The distance of the
point from the object-glass, where the image of an object
is formed, is called the focal length of the telescope. The
magnifying power of a telescope depends upon the follow-
ing considerations, — if it be directed to the sun or moon,
and a piece of transparent paper bo held in its focus, an
image of the object will be formed upon the paper. Now
the size of an object depends upon the angle under which
';, IS seen, and the image formed upon the paper ivill
subtend exactly the same angle when moved to that dis-
tance from the eye which is equal to the focal length of
the telescope, as the object itself, when viewed with the
naked eye, or in other words, if held at such a distance
from the eye m the focal length of the telescope, it will
exactly cover tho object itself. Suppose this distance be
seven feet, wo can with unobstructed vision view an
object at tho distance of six inches; if then we view the
image at this distance it will appear fourteen times larger
than the object it represents. By the application of
another lens near the eye, termed the eye-glass, the
image can be seen distinctly at a very much leas distance,
in fact, it can be viewed at the distance which is equal to
the focal length of the eye-glass; and suppose this to be
half-an-inch, then the image wll appear twelve times
larger than it did to the unassisted eye, and, therefore,
fourteen multiplied by twelve, or one hundred and sixty-
eight, would be the magnifying power of the telescope.
Hence the rule for finding the magnifjnng power of a
telescope is to divide the focal length of tho object-glass
by the focal length of the eye-glass, and the quotient will
give the magnifying power. — J. O.]
(Main Avenue Wesf^
Chance (Brothers) & Co., Glass Works, near
Birminijham — Manufacturers.
Dioptric apparatus of the first order, for lighthouses,
with revolving lenses and catadioptric zones; constructed
according to the system of Fresnel. The upper and
lower parts consist of a series of prismatic rings, each of
which reflects at the internal surface of its base, the inci-
dent rays of light. The middle portion is refractive, and
Produces by its revolutions a succession of flashes or
lazes of light, for the purpose of enabling the mariner to
distinguish any particular lighthouse. This revolving
part consists of eight annular lenses. Each of these great
lenses is composed of a number of concentric rings round
a central lens, so as to produce all the refractive effect of
a single solid lens of corresponding dimensions, but with
less loss of light. This apparatus is represented in tho
accompanying Plate 77,
(^Mnin Avewie West.)
Electric Telegraph Company, Office, South Entrance
to the Exhibition fiuiWi'iw/— Proprietors.
Electric Telegrnpha.
1 . Original five-needle telegraph invented by Cooke and
Wheatstoue in 1837, and worked on the Great Western
Railway.
2. First complete telegraph for intermediate stations
requiring four wires and a return circuit. Cooke and
Wheatstone's patent of 1838.
3. Two-needle portable telegraph. Intended to be
carried by guards of trains and attached at any required
part of the line to the telegraphic wires, thus opening an
immediate communication between the spot of an accident
and the stations on the line. Cooke and ^Vheat8tone's
patent of 1838.
4. Ordinary two-needle telegraph of the construction
now in use throughout the whole of England. Constructed
luider Cooke and Wheatstone's patents of 1837, 1838 and
1845.
5. Two-needle telegraph of the most recent form ; con-
structed under the same patents as the hist, but with
modifications and improvements of parts.
6. Ordinary single-needle telegraph, used for small and
second-rate stations. Constructed under the patents of
ia37, 1838, and 1845.
7. Portable galvanometer, or detector used for tracing
out faults on the lines. Patent of 1837.
8. Portable single-needle telegraph to be carried by
guards of trains. The dial arranged in a sloping position
to facilitate the reading of the signals. Patent of 1845.
Elcctro-mngneiic Alarums.
1. Electro-magnetic alarum: patented in 1847 by Cooke
and Wheatstone, In this alarum the magnet operated
directly to impel the hammer against the bell. A se-
condary battery was brought into action to excite the
magnet.
2. Electro-magnetic alarum of 1837 ; the magnet only
operating to release the striking machinery.
3. Electro-magnetic alarum of 1838. The striking
machinery released by the deflection of a magnetic
needle.
4. Small decomposition apparatus. This apparatus, or
an ordinary magnetic needle, was used to bring into ope-
ration a secondary battery at the station where the
signal was to be received.
5. Electro-magnetic alarum. The magnet excited by
the direct ciurent transmitted, and not by a secondary
battery. Patents of 1837 and 1840.
6. I<arge alarum used for signalling at the entrances
of tunnels at railway stations and other places where
a loud sound may be required. Cooke and Wheatstone's
patents of 1837 and 1845.
^li
!
478« Class 10.— PHILOSOPHICAL, MUSICAL, HOROLOOICAL, AND SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS.
NoBTH, North Ckntbal, and South CKSTnAi, Galleoiks.
7. Another form of the siune aUi-um.
8. Plan proposed by O. Little fur aoumling a bell by
the self-aotiou of an eleotro-magiiet.
Diao Teleijrup/ia,
1. DUo telegraph : the signala ^ven bjr the step-by-
utep rotation, and pauaiug of a disc beanng letters or
figures. The rotation produced by the action of on
electro-magnet. Wheatatone and Cooke'a patent of 1840.
2. Diac telegraph: the lottei-a or figiu^s pointed out by
the rotation and pausing of an index or hand operating
by electro-magnetic action. Patent of 1840.
■'t. Diao telegraph: similar to Ko. 1, except that aiguala
lire given by numbera.
4. Modification of the disc telegraph proposed by Nott.
.'). Diao telegraph : the communicator, or aigucJ-giving
upparatuB being conjoined to the instrument,
•>. Mouiflcation of the disc telegraph arranged for a
counter, or register of any auoceesive movements or
actions, audi as persons passing through a door or gate,
Htrokes made by a steam-engine, fly or other press, &c.
7. Magneto-electric oommiuucator for the diac tele-
g raphe; no battery is required, a permanent magnet fur-
nishing a constant series of induced currjnts by the
rotation of an armature and coils over its poles. Wheat-
xtone's patent of 1841.
8. iSecoud fonu of the magneto-electric communicator,
adapted to work disc telegraph, giving signals by numbers.
Double fiuli'x Disc Tdcijrnpki.
1 . Double index disc telegraph : the two hands move
independently, so that one may be set to give any re-
quired permanent signal, while conversation is carried on
by the other. This mstnuudnt was arranged for working
the atmospheric machinery on the South Devon Railway,
It i-equirea one wire only. Hatcher's patent of 1847.
2. Double index disc telegraph. The two hands re-
volve step by step in opposite diractions. They would
therefore indicate exactly at all stations on a single line
the pi-ogressive movement and approach of two trains
running in opposite directiona. Patent of 18-' 7.
:). Single mdex disc telegraph. The index can be
made to rotate in either direction, so that the speed of
signalling would be increased by the facility with which
any position could be given to the index by a fe\ ' move-
ments. Patent of 1847.
Printing Telegraphn.
1 . Elective magnet printing telegraph. The signals are
printed in ordinary type, according to the first arrange-
ment of Wheatstone in 1841. The cun-ent when sent in
one lirection moves the type wheel to the required
posHion, and when i-everseu brings into operation the
printing machinery. Hatcher's patent of 1847.
2. Second form of the elective magnet printing tele-
graph. Patent of 1847.
;t. Tliird form of the elective magnet printing telegraph :
the signals being printed not in type but in combinations
of dots or points.
4. Type printing telegmph : the type wheel, after each
sigmil IS printed, is released from the machinery and
regains its zero or quiescent pnsitii . at one bound, thereby
increasing the coiTuctuess of the opemtion by making
each signal wholly independent of the ooiTeotnesa or iu-
correctneos of the preceding one. Barlow and Forster's
patent of 1848.
b. Chemical printing telegraph : aignala given by dots
or spota arranged in two lines. The marks produced by
the chemical action of the current on a prepared paper,
Alexander Bain's patent of 1846,
6, Chemical pnnting telegi-aph : signals given by dots
and lines combined in various ways. Barn's patent uf
1846.
Maijneto-dvoiiia Mitch iitcs.
1. Magneto-electric machine. Currents induced by the
pei-manent magnet can be sent in one direction by this
machine. It is used for the sounding of alarums. No
battery is raquired. Wheatatone's patent of 1841.
2. Magneto-electric machine for sending currents iu
either direction at pleasure. Used for working the double
index telegrapha. Hatcher's patent of 1847,
3. Induced cmrent machine; an inducing battery of
siniUl power is used with this form of mitchine. It sends
currents in either direction like the last. It was used fur
working the double index telegraphs on the South Devon
line. Patent of 1847.
4. Second form of induced cun-ent machine : arrangi-d
for working with the code of signals iu use by the Admi-
ralty. Patent of 1847.
GitlvaiUHiiehr.i.
1. Indicator or galvanometer in which the magnetic
needle is replaced by a magnetised steel disc. Mapple's
patent of 1847.
2. Simple cun-ent dh-ector for causing the current to
ring either of two bells or to actuate either of two in-
struments. I
3. Simple current dii-ector for ringinj,' either of twl
bells as for an office.
4. Current dii-ector, for causing the ciurent to sound
either of three bells, or actuate eithei' of three instruments.
5. Current director or switch for a line of telegraph
with two wires to any one of three other lines of similar
telegraph. S'vitches of this kind ai-e extensively used iu
England.
6. Punch or stamp used for cutting out in i>ai)er the
signals or combinations of dots and lines to be trans-
mitted by Bain's chemical telegraph. Bain's patent uf
1846.
7. Stick or inile of type used with Bain's printing
telegraph.
A series of insulators of vaiious foiins constructed under
Cooke and Wheatstone' a, Ricardoaud Clark' a, andMapple's
patents.
750 Tracy, W, M,, 13 Hilt Street, lierkeley Sijuwc.
Bullet extitictor.
751 AlBET, Thos,, 67 Dale Street, Liverpool —
Manufacturer,
Newly-invented sunk centre aeconds watches. Thin
invention admits of the seconds hand beating dead, Twu
seconds hands may be applied — one from the centre, am.)
the other in the usual place.
INSTRUMENTS.
igiiiK either of twl
ieiMey Sijuwc.
EXHIBITION
#idal |IIttstrate)r Catatepe %\iMm.
[FcT Claiinfied Contentt of the Advertiser tee last Page.']
r 1
WILLIAM S. BURTON'S GENERAL FURNISHING IRONMONGERY WAREHOUSE,
39 Oxford ft (corner of Newman st.), Nos. 1 and 2 Newman it., and Ferry's Place, London.
TnuiD
KiNO'f
Fattern.
F»tteni.
. Sai.
.. S6a.
. 54a.
.. fiB«.
. i6i.
.. 62s.
. esa.
.. 70ii.
. rua.
.. li*.
THE FEBPEOT 8I7B8TXTI7TE FOS 8ZLVEB.
The REAL NICKEL SILVER, introHnced 16 yean rito by
WILLIAM 8. BURTON, when PLATED bv the patent pro-
ecu of HeHrt. Elkington and Co., !• beyond all eompariion the
Tery b«t article nest to sterling siWer that can be employed as
looh, either usefully or ornamentally, as by no posiible test can
it be distinguished from rial silver,
FiDDU
Pattern.
Tea Spoons, per di sen .... IBs. .
Dessert Forks „ .... SOa .
Deasert Spoons „ .... 30sk .
Table Forks „ .... Ma. ,
Tablespoons „ .... 40s. . .
Tea and coffeo sets, waiters, candlesticks, &o.,at proportionate
prices. All kinds of re-plating done by the patent process.
CHEMICALLY PURE NICKEL, NOT PLATED.
KiDDU, TaaiAD. Kino's.
Tsble Spoons and Forks, lull slse, per dos. ISa. .. 2ga. .. 3(ls.
Dtwiert ditto and ditto 10a. .. 21a. .. 2Ss.
Teadltto Ss. .. Us. .. 12s.
ALL THE NEW BHOWEB BATHS.
Portable Shower Bath, with curtains, from 7s. each ; Pillar
Shower Baths, with copper conducting lubes, brass force-pump
and top, complete, wiin curtains, and japanned, from 60>. ;
Hand Shower Baths, japanned, 3i.
IRON BEDSTEADS AMD OHILDxlEN'S OOTS.
A very larae assortment of theso Bedsteads in Iron and Brass,
from 16s. 6d. each, and Cots from 20b. encli, fitted with dove-
tail joints and patent sacking, and entirely free from screws,
ants, or pins.
The new Patent Portable Bedstead, 16s. 6d. ench. Common
Iron Bedsteads at 12«. 6d. each. Bedding uf every description.
FENDEBS, STOVES, AMD FXBE>IBOMS.
Bright stoves with bronzed ornaments and two sets of ban,
i£2 14s.; ditto with ormolu oriaments and two setsof bars,
£i 10s. to 20 guineas ; bronzed fenders complete, with stan-
dards, from 7s. to £6 ; steel fenders, from 66a. ; ditto with rich
ormolu ornaments, from & 16s. to 10 guineas ; flre-irons, from
Is. 9d. the set to £,K 4s. Sylvester and other Patent Stoves,
with radiating hearth plates.
PAPZEB-MAOH^ AMD IBOM TEA-TBATS.
An assoHment of Tca-Trays and Waiters wholly unpre-
cedented, whether as to extent, variety, or novelty.
Gotlilc-nhapa Papler-mscbi Trays, per set
of three from 2Ha Od. to 10 gnlneaSL •
Ditto Iron ditto from lis. 6d. to 4 guineas.
Convex shape, ditto frum Ts.
OTTTLEBT, WABBAMTED.
Three inches and a half ivory-handled table knives, with high
shoulders, 10s. per dozen ; desserts, to match, 9s. ; if to balance.
Is. per dozen extra ; larger sizes, in exact proportion, to 26j.
per dozen ; if extra fine, with silver ferrules, from 86a. ; white
bone table knives, 6s. pet dozen ; desseils, 49. ; black born
table knives, 78. 4d. per dozen ; desserts, 68. ; black wood-
handled knives and forks, 69. per dozen ; carvers, from 2s. per
pair ; table steels, from Is. each. The largest stock of plated :
desseit knives and forks, in cases and otherwise, and of the
new plated fish carvcrti, in existence. Also, a large assortment
of RAZORS, PENKNIVES, SCISSORS, &c., of the best
quality.
LAMPS OP ALL SOBTS AMD PATTEBMS.
The largest as well as clioiceat assortment of PALMER'S
MAONUM and other CANULK.STICKS, CAMPHINK,
AROAND, and SOLAR LAMPS, with all the latest im-
plrovements, and of the newest and most recliercli6 patterns,
in ormolu, Bohemian and plain glass, or papier maclil, in
ezistence, is always on sale, at prices ranging from 6(1. to
6 guineas.
DetiUI«« Calal«gsiM, with BniiraTlnga, as well sm af erery Iroasiaiangrry article, aent per port ftee.
WILLIAU S. BURTON'S Stock of General Furnishing IronraonRery Is Ilterully the largest In the world •, and a» no language can be
employed to give a correct ld( a of lis varleiy and extent, Purchasera are Invited to call and inspect It.
THE MONEY RETUltNKD FOR EVERY ARTICLE NOi APPROVED OF.
89 Oxford Street (comer of Newman Street), Nos. 1 and 2 Newman sweet, and Perry's Place, London.
BirrABIiIIIHBIt (IN WBi:.I,8 8TBBBT) A.13. SbSC. [i ITS
9
DISH OOVEBS AMD HOT-WATEB DISHES,
In every material, in great variety, and of the newest and moat
rechcrchfc patterns, lin Dish Covers, 6i. the set of six ; Block
Tin, lis. 6d. to 2.'iB. the set of six ; elegant modern patterns,
228. to 63a. the set ; Britannia Metal, with or without silver
phited handles, 68s. to 102s. the set ; Shtflieid plated, £10 to
£16 lOf. the sot ; Block Tin Hot- Water Dishes, with wells for
eravy, lis. to 268. ; Britannia Mctol, 18s. 6d. to 73s. j Shef-
leld plated, full size, £9 lOa.
OFFICIAL ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE ADVERTISER.
[1861
THIRD BBPTSITNIAL BOHUS.
CBOWN
LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY,
33, NEW BRIDGE-STREET. BLACKFRIARS, LONDON.
SIBBOTOXI.
OEOBOK II. IIOOPEB, ESQ., ChainnM.
SIR .10I1N KIRKLAND, Deputy-ChalrmM.
JOHN CHAPMAN, ESQ.
CHARLES CHIPPINDALE, ESQ.
JAMES COLQIinoUN, ESQ., LL.D.
B. D. COLVIN, ESQ.
REAR-ADMIRAL DIINDAS, C.B., M.P.
W. H. GdSCHEN, ESQ.
J. C. H. COLQUHOUN, ESQ.
WILLIAM WILSON, ESQ.
AVDIT0B8.
J. R. GARDINER, ESQ.
GEORGE HANKET, ESQ.
THOMAS HARRISON, ESQ.
JOHN NELSON, ESQ.
OCTAVIU8 OMMANNEY, ESQ.
ALEXANDER STEWART, ESQ.
WILLIAM WIHTMOKE, ESQ.
WALKER PITCAIRN, ESQ.
PnrsiciAN SIR C. F. FORBES, M.D., K.C.H., 23, Argyll-itreet.
SuBoixM JOHN SIMON, ESQ., F.R.8., 3, L«noMter-pUoe, Strand.
Standino Counsiu. .... CHARLES ELLIS, ESQ.
SoLicrroiw MESSRS. HALE, BOYS, and AUSTEN.
Bankeim BANK OF ENGLAND.
AcTUART J. M. RAINBOW, ESQ.
On • THIRD SEPTENNIAL INVESTIGATION into tho affairs of this Company, to tho 25th
March, 1846, a Bonus, amounting on tho average to 31 per cent, on tho Premiums |)aid Tor the preceding Seven
Years, was a.«8igncd to all Policies of at least Three Years' standing, and effected for the whole duration of lire.
To similar Policies tho following Bonvsks wore declared at former Divisions, viz. : —
FIRST DIVISION, in 1832. On the average, upwards of 26 per cent, on the Premiums paid.
SECOND DIVISION, in 1839. On the average, 33 per cent, on the Premiums paid for the
'. preceding Seven Ycar^.
w
The true principles on which Life Assurance ought to proceed have been maintained by this Company, and
are comprised,
IN PERFECT SECURITY to the assured.
A RATE OF PREMIUM graduated fairly to the risk at every age. ^
A DIVISION 0? THE SURPLUS of the Company periodically to the Assured, strictly proportioned
to their interest therein.
A FAIR AND LIBERAL PERMISSION to the Assured to proceed to all parts of the world, on dne
notice, and the payment of a premium equitably adjusted to tho risk incurred.
GENERAL FACILITIES for the taking out, renewal, or purchase of Policies, the honourable settle-
ment of Claims, and an exemption from all charges or deductions except for Grovemment Stamps.
The accumulated Capital of the Company actually invested exceeds £660,000.
The Bonuses already allotted to the Assured exceed £210,000.
The Prospectus, Tables cf Rates, &c., to be had at the Office in London, or of the Company's Agents.
iW] T. G. CONYERS, Secretary.
!H.(
TCAraN, ESQ.
1 by this Company, and
1151.]
FIRE AND LIFE INSURANCE COMPANIES.
t
UNITEB KINGDOM LIFE
ASSURANCE COMFANT,
8, WATERLOO PLACE, PALL MALL, LONDON.
Capital.
£1,000,000.
AMMDAI. IMOOMB UPWABM Ot 4100,000, AniSINO PBOM TIIB HIDE or ABOVE 7000 FOLICIEI.
nusnzs.
ChH. OnhUB, Km., P.8.A. I F. 0. MaltUnd, Km.
Ckuln Downai, l&q. | K. Umnox Boyd, Eiq., F.8.A.
FBX81DEMT8.
Hurl ofCourtown
Kill I.«iven and Melvill*
Kirl of Noibury
GwlorSttir
Kill Somtn
l.ord Viacount Ftlkltnd
Lord KIplilnitone
liOrd Uclhnven and Stenton
Williun Campbell, £»)., of Tll-
liebewtn
ChwlM OnhuB,
Chairman
tOKDOK BOABD.
Eiq., FJB.A.,
ChM DownM,Biq.,0n).-CAaJniiaii
H. BUli Avuna, Eaq.
Edw. Lennox Boyd, ICaq., F3.A.,
Beiident
CkM.llerwkkCnrtii,EHi.
WillUm Falrlie, E«|.
I>. Q. Ilenriquei, Eaq,
J. O. Henriquea, Eaq.
F. Chaa. Maitland, Eaq.
William Hailton, Exq.
F. Hale Tliomun, Eiq.
Thomas Thorby, Biq.
EDnramoH boaxd.
Adam lllack, Eaq. , i '• T. Uordon, Eaq., Shniff of
Sir Alexander tiibaon Maitland, Edlnburjihahlre
C. lI.CralgleIn(rll«, Biq. I Moray-place
Agmt—P. H. Frawr, l^aq., 81, Oeorfte-itieet.
Medical 0^/r«r«— Alexander Ollleipie, Eaq., M.D. I
Jamea l>. Uilleapie, E«|., M.O.
t^w Aaentt—Hloan. J. & W. B. Kermaek,
OUUMOW BOlABD.
Robert Salmond, Eaq., Uanker,
Olaagow
J. liain, Eaq., of Morrlston
Wm. Stliling.Jun., Eaq,, Kenmure
4'/«iil— A. B. Seton, Esq., 1?,iit. Vineent-plaee.
Medieat O^crr— Joseph Bell, Esq., Suiseon.
SulieiUtr—k. Held, Esq., 73, Ut. Vlncant-plaee,
Jamea Robertson, Esq., Dukar,
Olaa|{OW
William Connal, Jun., Esq., Her-
ebant, Glasgow
Ji>i*A<r<— Tlie Bank of England ; Meaars. Cocks, Biddulph, tt Co. ; and the Union Ilank of London.
Surtwon— F. H. Thomson, Esq. iSvA'siYori— Messrs. Tatliam, Upton, Johnson, it Co.
^ctwiry— John King, Eiq. iSrcretan/— Patrick Macintyre, fiiq.
This Company was established in 1834, by a Special Act of Parliament, and affoi^Is the most perfect security
in its large paid-up Capital, held by a large, numerous, and wealthy Proprietary.
KEOONS BBFTEHHIAI DIVMIOIT OF FBOTITB AMONO
THE AS8TJBED.
In 1841 the Company declared a Bonus of £2 per Gent
per Annum on the Sum insured, to all Policies of the
Participating Class, fh)m the time they were effected to the
3l6t DecemW, 1840 ; and from that date to 31st December,
1847, 2i per Cent, per Annum was added at the General
Meeting on Gth July, 1848. The Bonus thus added to
Policies from March 1834, to 31st December 1847, is as
follows : —
Tlie Tables have boon formed on the lowest scale compatible with
■Kurity, and constructed to meet the Tarioiis wants of Aimirers, and
every risk to which protection by Assurance can be extended.
KZXBAOT OF TABLE OF BATES.
(SO) |rf(<lU10) .j(£l 18 8 percent.
[80^ l|{ 8 8 10^ Sl{ 8 8 8 ditto
40
8 19 1
8 8 4 ditto
heminms may be paid in almoat any way to meet the convenience
orthalliblic.
One-half the Annnal Premium need only be paid for the
Irst flve yean, the other being allowed to remain at five
p« cent interest, thus affording parties desirous of effooting
BHOBT TEBM POUCIXS the advantage of having a LIFE
POUCT at a seaieely increased outlay.
Parties hunred with this Company are not restricted in
thebr limits of travel, as in moat other Offices, but may pre-
ssed ftom one part of Europe to another, in decked veswls,
without lioenoe, and to Biitiah North Ameiioa, and many
parts of the States, without extra Premium, by merely
giving the ordinary notioe of the intended visit.
Whole World Lm PoUeies are granted at slightly in-
sreased Bates of Premium, thus rendering a Poli^ in
Honey Tranaaetions a real Seourifcy.
Sum Time Sum added to Sum added to Sum payable
Assured. Assured. Policvin 1841. Policy in 1848. at Death.
-*** . 14 Years .. £683 6 8 ■ . £787 10 0 • -£6470 !
1066. 12 Years.. 100 0 0.. W7 10 (f .
• 1000 .. 7 Years In 10 0 •
-" 'l Years.. 60 0 0 . . 78 16 0 .
[ Year U 60..
* Example. — At the commencement of the year 1841, a penon aged
thirty eflected a Policy for 4>IO0O, the Annual Payment for which ia
ilS!4. ls.8i/.; in 1847 he liad paid in Premiums it'168. lli.Stf.; but the
I'roflts beinK 21 percent, per annum on tlie sum insured (which ia
Xi2. \0t. per annum for each Ji\OW), he had £\bT. 10s. added to hie
Policy ; almost as much as the Premiums paid.
PartUi desirout to Participate in the forthcoming Bonus should lose no time iu applying for immediate information to
the Resident Director, Waterloo-place, Loudon, or to the following Agents ; —
Paris C. Hartwieg, Esq., 18, Hue Vlvicnne
Brussels ■ ■ > Messrs. Salter and Bigwood
Amsterdam < Jambs Amneslky, Esq., U.B.M.C.
Bottardam • Sir J. H. Turing, Bart., H.B.M.C.
Kalta • . . . Georob Dalzell, Esq.
Oporto • . • . Dr. Rumsev (Medical lleferee)
Kew York • . • W. C. MArri.A.ND, Esq.
irfll<«HT| H.S. . A. 6. Frazer, Esq.
St John, ir.B. . A. Balmch, Esq.
Montreal . ' . • Messrs. Edmonstone and Allen
Quebec Feter SnEPPARo, Esq.
ITaplea Dr. Cox (Medical Kcfcrce).
Besidea Agento in every important Town in England, Scotland, and Ireland.
Ba
[«i«
OFFICIAL ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE ADVERTISER.
[1881
AMMUAL DIVISION OF PROnTS AMD LABOE BBDUGTIOM OF PBEMIUia.
NiNi-m-NAND
FIRE AND LIFE INSURANCE SOCIETY,
1, NEW BRIDGE.8TREET, BLACKFRIARS, LONDON.
Lutltntad in 1686; •zUadtd to Lift Innnuui 1U6.
Immediate^ Deferred, and Swvivorahip Annuities granted.
Th« Hon. WiLUAN Aim.ar.
The Hon. Sir Edwakd Cuit.
John LemoM Elliot, Etq.
Jambs Esdaile, Esq,
BIBKOIOBI.
HAliviii M. FARqviiAR, Esq,
John Gurnrt Hoark, Esq.
E. FuLMiR Maitland, Esq.
The Hon, Cbarus Jobm Hdrrav.
WnxiAM Scott, Esq.
John Spkrlino, Esq,
Hbhrv Wiuon, Esq,
RoBRRT Winter, Esq,
AvnnoBS.
The Hon. Colonel CD0r. | Thomas Fvixbr MahiiAnd, Esq, | Jamm Eidailg, Esq.
Bukart— Messrs, Oosumos and Sharps, 19, Fleet-street
PhyiUiMl— Thomas K. Ciiambbim, M.D., 1, lUll-etrcet, Borkeley-eqiUkre,
Idlieiton— Messrs, Lumlbt, Nichoix, and Smyth, 18, Carey-street
Aotoaiy— Jambs M, Xerry, Esq, leentary— Robert Stuven, Esq,
FIBE DEPARTMENT.
Although tlie lowest ratei of premium, consintent with security, havo been charged by the office, it has for
many yean been enabled to malio very large returns to septennial insurers.
UFE DEFABTHENT.
Tho important advantages offered by the plan and constitution of the Life Department of this Society ar^
That insurers are protected by a large invested capital upon which there is no interest to pay, and for which
no deduction of any kind is made, which enables tiie Directors to give the whole of the profits to insuring
members.
That the profits are divided annually amongst all members of five years' standing, and applied towards reducing
life insurance to the lowest possible rates of premium.
The following table eihibits the abatement of premium that has been made for the past nine years to members
of five years' standing : —
Yeuiof
DlTUon,
Rata or
Abatement
Yeaik^r
Divlti, 1
Hate of
Abatement.
1842
1843
1844
1845
1846
£4i per cent.
50 ,,
1847
1848
1849
1850
AfiO per cent.
50 ,,
A poliCT laken.out on or before the 24th of June, 1845, at an annual premium of £100, will consequently be
charged «47, 10s, as this year's premium ; and it is exi)ected that an equal abatement will in future be annually
made.
That persons insuring their own lives, or the lives of others, may become members.
That persons who are willing to forego participation in the profits can insure at a lower rate than that
charged to members.
The following table will show the eftect of the reduction of premium made by the Society on members' policies
that have been five years in force : —
Age when
Slim
Annual I'remlum for
Reduced Premium.
Inaured.
Insured,
flnt Five Yeara .
£
£. I. a.
£. 1. d.
30
100
2 13 5
15 6
40
100
3 7 11
1 12 3
30
500
13 7 1
6 7 0
40
500
10 19 7
8 1 3
45
1,000
38 19 2
18 10 1
40
2,000
67 18 4
32 5 2
45
5,000
194 15 10
92 10 6
This system of reducing the premiums affords immediate benefit to the members, or enables them to insures
further sum upon their lives equal to more than one>third of the present policy, without any additional outlay.
*»«] ROBERT STEVEN, Secretary.
1851.]
FIRE AND LIFE INSURANCE 4PANIES.
P PBEMIUMS.
LONDON ASSURANCE (XRPORITION,
IitaUialudb7l«fia0hut«r,latli«lalgBofBBf Ow di«nnt,A.L ao.
HEAD OFFICE, No. 7, ROYAL EXCHAi> ,E, COR IILL ;
BRANCH OFFICE, No. 10, REGENT-STBEET.
WILLIAM KINO, Eiq., Ootxmor.
ROBERT COTESWORTU, Etq., Sub-Goimmor, | EDWARD BURME8TER, Eiq., Depvfy-
DOtlOTOU,
William Dallas, Eiq.
BoMAMv DoBHEE, jun., Eiq.
James Dowie, Esq.
John Fume, Esq.
8AMUBL Ubeoson. Esq.
David Ciiarle^ Uutiirie, Esq.
John Alexanueb Uamkey, Esq.
Edward llAUMAaB, Esq.
Secretary — John Laurence, Esq.
Matagtr cfthe Marine Deparimmt—Tvuormt Greateo, Esq. | Superintendent of the Fire Office — Joseph Spabxbi, Eiq.
Underwriter— iom» Anthont Rocker, Esq. AetHary—Vmx. Habdt, Esq., F.R.8.
Supirtntendent of Branch Office — Abel Petton Pbelps, Eiq.
i>Ay«tcian— Georoe Budd, Esq., M.D., F.R.8., 20, DovoNstroet, PiocodiUy.
Sur$reon— Thomas Callaway, Esq., 7, Wellington-st., Southwark.
£Mfoi(or*— John Coverdau;, Esq., 4, Bedford-row ; Messrs. Tatham, Upton, Johnson, and Co., 20, Austin-fHuv.
.BanAer*— The Bank of Emolahd ; Messrs. Willis and Co.
BoBurr Almn, Esq.
John Alves ABBvmNor, Eiq.
Richard Baooallat, Eiq.
Geohob Babml*, Eiq.
Hknbt Bonham Bax, Eiq.
Henrt Blanshard, Esq.
John Watson Borraoailb, Eiq.
Charles Crawley, Eiq.
Ciiarlbs Kerb, Eiq.
Charum Lyall, Eiq,
John Urd, Eiq.
GBORas Probyn, Eiq.
Patrick Francu RoiWRnox, Eiq,
Alexander Troitbr, Eiq.
Thomas Weedinu, Esq.
Leitook Peach Wilson, Eiq.
LIFE DEPARTUENT.
THIS CORPORATION has effected Assurances on Lives for A PERIOD OF ONE HUNDRED AND THIRTY
YEARS ; their first policy having been issued on the 7th June, 1721, to William, Lord Bishop of Sarum.
Two-thirds of the entire gross profits are appropriated to the Assured,— the Corporation retaining the remaining
one-third, out of which they PAY THE WHOLE EXPENSES OF MANAGEMENT; thus affording to the pubUo
■dvantMes equivalent to those derived from Mutual Assurance, WITHOUT LIABILITY OF PARTNEIUUIP, and with
ALL THE SECURITY afforded by AN OLD AND OPULENT CORPORATION. Policies may be opened under any
of the three following plans, vis. :—
The Old Series, under which Assurers are admitted at very moderate Rates of Prenilum, without participation in
Profits.
The Series 1831, under which Assurers are entitled, after the first Five Years, to an annual Abatement of Premium.
The abatement at the last valuation was equivalent to a return of more than one-fourth of the Premium.
The Series 1846, under which Assurers arc entitled to participate in the ascertained profits at the end of every five
vears, and to appropriate their share thereof, cither as an immediate Cash Bonus, as an addition to the sum Assured, or
it may he made a matter of special arrangement, and applied in any manner most convenient to the parties Assured.
THE FIRST DIVISION under this Series tooic ploce on the 3l8T DECEMBER, 1850, and amounted, on an average, to
A REVERSIONARY BON US equivalent to about FIFTY-THREE PER CENT, upon the amount of Premiums paid.
TABU! ihowiiig the Actual CASE and BEVEB^
BIOHAST BOmrS added on the SUt December,
kl850, to Policies elboted in the Tears 1846, 1847,
1848, 1849, and 18«0:-
Yeu.
PreMnt
Age.
Sum.
Cwih Boniu.
Reversionary
ilonus.
1846
(35
1,000
£42 12 0
£87 0 0
150
1,000
59 4 0
98 6 0
1847
}35
1,000
35 0 0
71 10 0
50
1,000
47 18 0
79 10 0
1848
35
1,000
26 14 0
54 12 0
50
1,000
36 8 0
60 8 0
1849
35
1,000
18 8 0
37 12 0
50
1,000
24 0 0
39 12 0
1850
35
1,000
9 4 0
18 18 0
[50
1,000
12 8 0
20 13 0
PARTICIPATIHa.
NoN-PABTICIPATnO.
Annual Piemiums for Aa-
Annual Pmnluma for Aa-
surance of iKlOO for the
aunnce of Ji\00 for the
wliole term of ■ tiinsle
whole t«m of ■ Single
Life.
Life.
Age next
Uirthduy.
Premium.
Age next
Birthday.
Preinluiii.
20
£2 0 2
20
£1 15 11
25
2 5 0
25
2 0 8
30
2 10 8
30
2 6 11
35
2 17 0
35
2 12 1
40
3 5 1
40
3 0 0
45
3 15 10
45
3 10 10
50
4 10 7
SO
4 5 7
55
5 3 11
55
5 3 4
60
6 12 5
60
6 5 11
65
8 4 11
65
7 16 9
11
il
FIRE DEPARTMENT.
Fire Insnranoes may bo effected at Moderate Rates upon every description of Property.
MARINE DEPARTMENT.
Marine Insurances may be effected at the Head OrpirE of the Corporation. Policies for Sea Risks are also granted,
claims on which ere mode payable in India and China, by the Corporanon's Agents, at the following phices :— Calcutta,
Bombay, Madras, Canton, and Shanghai. . „ , . „„„.,^„ „
1 171] JOHN LAURENCE, Secretary.
i
6
OFFICIAL ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE ADVERTISER.
[1861.
SCOTTISH WIDOWS' FUND LIFE ASSUEAKCE S0GIET7.
rOVKDlD A.D. 1115.
ON THE PRINCIPLE OP MUTUAL CONTRIBUTION.
Tun IiMtitutlen, notwIthtUndlng its local name, hu lonx bMit fbvonrsbly known to all elanet in Great Britain ami
Ireland, and a better proof of the oonfltlonee repoied In it by the publle could not probably be wiihed, than the tiiet
that the Arengt Amonnt of JyMVBAVdS iflbetad dnrlng tha uit TKIXTIIX TluS hM naMdcd
HAliT A MILLION BTUXLUXQ per Annum.
Being a Mutual Aiturance Society, the Mcmberi are the only nartiet in any way Intoreited In the Fundt ; they are. In
point of fact, their own aMureia, and whatevur 1* paid by way uf Premium, over and above what li aetuailT required for
the rlik of the Aiiuranoe, li appropriated for their behoof. Thte ii done onne In every period uf Seven leari, when «n
Inveitlgation into the affitin of the Society takei place, not Irsi than one-thlid of the Proflti, aa then aieertained, being let
■tide aa a (iuarantee Fund to maintain the stability of the Institution, and the remainlnK two-thirds being immediately
divided among the Assured— each member being entitled to elect whether he will have the value of his share handed over
to him at once in etuh, or have It applied as an addition to his Pulley, or towards reduction of the future Annual Premlumi,
As a proof of the working of this system It may be state<l, that in the ease of a Policy opened with this Society in the
year 1810, and emerging in the present year (after payment of the Premium), the representatives of th« Member would
reoeive mon than donbu the uionnt of tko original AMoraneo.
THE CAPITAL OF THE SOCIETY, arising fW>m the Accumulation of the Membrn' Premiums, amounts at this
time to upwards of TWO MIIiIiIONB AND A QUAIITBB BTBBLINO.
ANNUAL REVRNITE, upwards of Tiireb Hundrbd Tiiousano Pound*.
Jivety in/onmttioH can be readify obtained by a/^licatum at the Society $ Head Office, or at any eftim Agtneim, \
JoHH Mackenzie, Manager. Willum LlNDnAr, Secretary.
BXAS OTFICB, •, R. AHSBIW4QVABX, SDDIBTIXOH.
OrnoB IN LoNDOM, 4, Hoval Exchanob Buildimos.— Huuii M'Kean, Agent fi 13}
EQUITT AND LAW
LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY,
No. 96, LINCOLN'S-INN-FIELDS, LONDON,
AND
LAW SOCIETY'S ROOMS, MANCHESTER.
TBVSTXS8.
The Right Hon. Lord Monteagle.
The Right Hon. the Lord Chief Barou.
The Hon. Mr. Justice Coleridge.
The Right Hon. Lord Cranworth.
The Hon. Mr. Justice Erie.
Nassau W. Senior, Esq., Master in Chancery.
C. P. Cooper, Esq., Q.C., LL.D., F.B.S.
George Capron, Esq.
Policies do not become void by the Life Assured going
beyond the prescribed limits, so far as regards the interest
of third parties, provided they pay the additional Premium
■o soon as the fact comes to their knowledge.
" Free Policies " are Issued, at a small increased rate of
Premium, which remain in force, although the Life Assured
may go to any part of the world.
The Tables are especially favourable to young ami
middle-aged Lives ; and the limits allowed to the Assured,
without extra charge, are unusually extensive.
Eighty per cent, of the Profits is divided at the end of
every fifth year among the Assured.
At the First Division to the end of 1849, the addition to
the amount assured averaged above 50 per cent, on tlie
Premiama paid. [i 59
THE CITY OF LONDON
LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY,
ron
ACCUMULxVnVE AND GENERAL
AMIIBAKOBS.
2, ROYAL EXCHANGE BUILDINGS.
Diieeton.
R.C. BACH E, Esq.
W. BETT8, Esq.
J. R. BENNETT, Esq., M.D.
J. BLAKEWAY, Esq.
C. COLLICK, Esq.
O. M. DOWDESWELL, Esq.
F. A. DURNFORD, Esq.
R. KEATE, Esq., Seij.-Surg. to the Queen.
S. H. LEE, Esq.
JOHN POWIS, Esq.
Lieut-Colonel ROWLAND. R.A.
W. SIMPSON, Esq.
W. THACKEK, Esq.
W. A. THOMAS, Esq.
F. WAITS, Esq., F.STA.
G. W. WOOD, Esq.
Actnuy.
G. S. FARRANCE, Esq., FXA.
I'o ciee indisputable.
Ali the profits of the Mutual Branch divided amongst
the Assured.
Every form of Assurance at equitable rates.
Policies granted from £20 applicable to all classes.
I 87]
EDWARD F. LEEKS, A.I.A., Sec.
1861.]
FIllE AND LIFE INSURANCE COMPANIES.
erniumt, unounto at thii
E BX7ILDIK0S.
anoh divided amongst
BBinSH igMPTT^n
MUTUAL LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY,
INCORPORATED BY ACT OF PARLIAMENT,
87, NEW BRIDGE-STREET, BLACKFRIARS, LONDON.
BcNiiwrr, C, Jua^ Ewi., Copt)utll-«ourt.
UuNNRi'it Pi'lnr, Rf>|,, ChMlmnt.
BvrroM, John It., K(M|., I)over-r<Mul.
CABTWHiflHT, it., Kmi., ('h*iicory-lane.
CuTHHRKT^oir, F., Eaq., AlilurtKiie-ftroot.
GAaoiMiiii B. W., Etq., Prtncct-itreot, Cavendlih-«iuarc.
DOtlOTOIS.
UovcM, William, Fiq., HIgbmto.
UovEM, J., V.ni., C'ole-itrwt North, Pover-road.
(iawiKii, W., Kmi., HmI Llon<fltrwt, I'lerkrawell.
I.Kww, (K C , Kiq,, LowiulM-larraca, KnighUbrldi*.
Alalia, 11. J,, Eki., Ilollana-Krovc, North Brtiton.
Banokr*, J., hvi, 8utherlandi(iuaro, Walworth.
AVSITOBS.
BuMB, Geo. W., Eiq., Haekney-road. | Ponrra, J. Long, Eiq., Bloane-itrMt.
■Axxni. iimoiOH.
London and WMtinlDator Bank, Lothbury, | John Mann, Rmi., Cbartwhooio-iqiian.
■OUOTTOBI.
Meatr*. Wation it Soiii, Uouvorlc-ilrcot, Floct-«trcot.
Thii Company !• founded on purely mutual principle* : there ii no proprietary under any form to absorb any portion of
the profltf, which all belong to the Members at large, by whom alio the Illreetori are appointed.
During the year 1890 the following new Pollclet were executed, In addition to the old butlncM :—
No. Amount, Y«uly,
Life Aiiurancee ... SOU . . . £I36,.'I6&
Annultlea 14 £303
Inveitmenti .... 410 .. . 37,964
Total . . 1333 £164,399 £303
There were advanced to the Membcn In the aame period, on varloui deicriptloni of available security, 7230/.
This Company Is adapted to meet all the varied wants of its Members. By its Life Policies provision may be madt for
the evils anticipated from the death of the party assured. By its Deferred Annuities a certain income may be secured
when advancing years render labour less remunerative. By its Immediate Annuities a sum uf money which now yields an
Inadequate support in the shape of interest may be rendered much more productive ; while the Investment Assurancaa
enable every one to make provision for the time of sickness or other calamity requiring pecuniary aid. The employment
of the ftinds in advance* to the Members places wittiin their reach the means of enlarging their trade capital, or or miakiug
advantageous purchase* as opportunities offier.
As there are many important towns in which Agents are not yet appointed, the Directors are open to receive appUea-
tloBS from rwpectable persons in such places. If not already Members of the Company, they will be required to Mcom*
so by effecting a life assurance.
Upon receipt of two postage stamp* the Prospectus, with Forms, Itc., will be forwarded, in whiok some Important and
novel applications of Life AMuranoe wlH be found. W . 8. Govbb, Actnmy and Seentart/.
Janwirp \Uh, 1831.
BBmSH EMPIBE
MUTUAL FIRE ASSURANCE SOCIETY,
INCORPORATED BY ACT OF PARLIAMENT,
37, NEW BRIDGE-STREET, BLACKFRIARS, LONDON.
Blttr, John, Esq., Aldersgate-street.
CABTWRiQirr, R., Esq., Chancery-lane.
Cuff, J. H., Esq., Sutherland-square, Walworth,
CuTRBERTsoN, F., Esq., Aldersgate-stTcet.
Frebman, G, S., Esq., Camberwell.
DIBEOIOBB.
Gould, G., Eso,, Loughton, Esses.
Low, J., Esq., Graccchurch-street.
MiERS, T., Esq., Upper Clapton.
Olmey, T., Esq., Borough.
Wiufsuunar, J., Esq., Kensington,
AVDITOBfl.
Latteb, R,, Esq., Fenchurch-street. | Pewtress, J. W., Esq., Gracechurch-street,
BAVXEB8. 80LICIT0B8,
Messrs. Babclay, Bevan, TBrrron, & Co., Lombard-street. | Messrs. Watson & Sons, Bouverie-street, Fleet-street.
This Society (although entirely distinct in its funds and management) is conducted at the same Offices, and on the same
principles, as the BRmsH Empire Mr riiAr^ Life Assurance Company. , , , , , ,^ u .. i
It is designed to extend to Fire A; rsiraice the Mutual principle which has been found so successful in its application to
Life Assurance. , . , „.,- .__ , ,
During the year 1850, 168) new Policies have been issued, assuring property to the amount ot i.6^^,*M. A largo
amount of business was obtained in former years.
The Profits are divided every three years.
Less than One-Third of the Premiums have paid all the Losses. -.„,... ,. ^ i,. w t
Assurances can be elTected daily at the Chief Offices, or at any of the Agents of the Society throughout the Empire,
JiuiKory 15rt, 1851. * W. 8. Govbb, Jferctery.
8
OFFICIAL ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE ADVERTISER.
[1861,
I til
UNIVERSAL
LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY.
': BslabUihed 1834.
XHPOWEBED BT SPECIAL ACT OF PABUAHENT.
1, KING WILLIAM-STREET, LONDON.
In the Ainuranee of Uvm at Homa and Abroad, iadod-
ing Gontlemen engagod In the lUUtaiy and
Naval Benrioei.
DIBE0K»B8.
Sir HENRT WILLOCK, K.L.8., Chairmm.
JOHN STEWART, Eiq., Dgmt^Chairmtm,
Major-Gen. Sir Rich. A8MnR0.ia, C.B., K.C.T. & S.
Jomr Baosbaw, Esq., M.P.
Anauarros Bosamquet, Esq.
Cbas. Dasuwood Bbugb, £«q.
Elus Watk» Contsm, Eiq.
WiLUAM KlL&DRN, Esq.
Francis Macnaoot^en, Etq.
Cbarlgj Otwat Mai^4E, Esq.
WUXIAM ROTHERY, i^Sq.
Robert Sadndbbs, Esq.
Jas. Ddncam Thomson, Esq.
Captain Samuel Thornton, R.N.
Bankers— Bank op England and Messrs. Currie & Co.
SoLicrroB— WiLUAM Henry Cottebill, Esq.
■ Physician— G. Burrows, M.D., F.It.S., 18, Cavendish-eq.
The principle adopted by the Universal Life Assurance
Society, of an annual Taluation of assets oud liabilities, and
a dlYision of tbree-fourUis of tbe profits among the assured,
it admitted to offer great advantages, esi>ecially to those
partiM who may wish to appropriate tbelr proportion of
profit to the reducHon of future press lums. This practice
of an annual division is especially advantageous to persons
of advanced years, who cannot hope to participate in many
aqttennial or decennial divisions.
The ANNUAL REDUCTION has averaged considerably
ABOVE 40 VEBL CEHT., and in no one year has it fallen
below that amount
Tbe attention ot gentlemen connected with India is par-
ticularly requested to the regulations of this Society ; as, on
eompanson with other offices, its terms will be fbund pecu-
liarly advantageous, especially as regards the liberal plan
adopted on the return of Indian Aesuretfi to reside perma-
nently in this country ; and the Indian rates have been
ealoulated from extensive data and tables, exclusively in tl'.o
possession of this Society, by which the true risk of life
during residence in India has been most accurately ascer-
tained.
1 43] MiciiAEL Eluah Impey, Secretary.
PROMOTER LIFE ASSURANCE AND AN-
NUn'Y COMPANY, No. 9, Chatham Place, Blackfriars,
London. Established in 1 826.— Subscribed Capital, 240,000{.
This Society effects every description of Life Assurance,
both Domestic and Foreign, on most advantageous terms,
either on the Bonus or Non-Uonus systems.
Tables of Rates, with all further particulars, may be ob-
tained at tbe Office.
1 86] M. Saward, Secretary.
ESSEX EGONOmC FIRE OFFICE,
CHELMSFORD.
Sitabliihed 1884,
Chiefly for iusuring Corn-Mills at moderate rates.
London Agents :
B. WnrrB, at Messrs. Kingsford k Lay's, Com Exchange,
Mark-lane.
Pbiup Bowes, 26, King William-etreet, West Strand, [i 38
TO scoutaries, manaqebs, and omoiAia la banks,
railways, and otbeb companies.
THE UNITED GUARANTEE A UFE
ASSURANCE GOMPANT.
Capita/, /i(/jy mibtertbid, 100,000'., wUhpoieer to inertan '
thi ammnt to 500,000/.
Ofpices:
36, Old Jewry, London ;
34, Mosloy-street, Manchester ; 4, North John-street,
and 5, Exchange-court, liverpool.
DiBECTons.
Tlie Right Honounble Lord Enklna, Ckntrmm
JmIiu* p. Uioun Wnthstd, Em]., MP., Viee-C/atiman.
Jiwiah IVita, Etq. I Chutes Fadinon,;EH.
John Field, Em. Dsniol Sham, lun., Eiq.
Thoi. Culyl* Haywaid, Eu. I IUcIurI SwiO, Em|.
Thomu Winkworth, Esq,
Manchester Local CoMMrrrEE.
Thomu GrelXiEH].
Matthew Lyon, Ekq.
John B. Harkluid, Eiq.
John Mityioij, Esq.
Simon Pincoits, Eiq.
Edward Tootal, Eiq.
C.J.i<.W*lker,E<q.,Ald.
Sir Elkanah Atniisge, Knt., Aid .,
Chairman,
'fhumaa Bailey, Eaq., Vioe■Chli^
man.
Julm Bannerman, Eaq.
Richard Birley, Eu.
Tlia Hon. Thomaa Bnklne.
WiUtam Oibb, Eiq.
GiJARANTEE DEPARTMENT. — A reduotiou of 20 per cent
on the sixth payment. An immediate and considerable
reduction if a Life Assurance be combined with the Gua-
rantee.
Life Department. — Profits of bothdei)artments divisible
among the assured on the participating scale. Foreign and
colonial risks on moderate terms. Payments taken quar-
terly, half-yearly, or annually. Medical referees paid by
the company.
Prospectuses, forms of proposal, and other information
may be obtained at 36, Ola Jewiy,
By order, James Knight, Seotetaiy.
N.B.—No charge for Policy Aonyw. {i 74
THE MUTUAL UFE ASSURANCE
SOCIETY,
39, KING-STREET, CHEAPSIDE.
Established 1334.
directors.
W. Chapman Harnett, Eiq.
Valentine Kninht, Emj.
John Hollett, Em.
Richard Motria, Esq.
J. Pennethome, Eaq.
.Xamuel W. Rowaell, Bm].
Folliott S. Stokea, En.
Jamei Whiddn, Em{.
The Societv is constituted on purdy mutual principles,
the entire pntfiti being divided amongst the Membiers,
The total number of policies effected up to the 31st De-
cember, 1850, was 1786, lor assuring 1,256,628/.
In the past year 200 proposals were made for assuring
120,213/., of which number 155, for assuring 86,015/., weie
accept., . and completed.
The Divisions of Profit are made annually on the 31st
December. Every Member participates therein who has
paid two annual premiums on his policy.
Every Member shares in the Profits in proportii n to the
number and amount of the premiums paid, accumulated at
compound interest.
At 31st December, 18S0, the Society had been established
nearly seventeen years, and the additions then allotted to
the three oldest policies were as follow : —
S. Adama Reck, Eaq.
John Clayton, E«q.
Solomon Cohen, kaq.
Charlea Colaa, Jnn., Eaq.
K. F. DavU, Eaq.
W. F. A. Delane, Esq.
Rear-Admlral Sir A. P.
Oreen, K.C.H.
Policy
No.
Age at
Admia-
iion.
Amount
anured.
Premtnma
paid.
Additiona.
Payable in cue
of death during
1S»I.
1
2
3
29
42
50
£.
1000
2000
2000
4. 1. i.
408 00
1,218 6 8
1,541 6 8
*. «. *
306 80
767 3 0
858 4 0
£. t. <f.
1,306 3 0
2,767 3 0
2,8S8 4 0
SAMUEL BROWN, Aotuaiy.
The Directors are prepared to appoint suitable Agents in
countrv towns. Filrtiier information may be imtained
firom tne Actuary. [i 9
1861.]
INSURANCE COMPANIES-PABCELS CONVEYANCE.
9
td other infonnation
iSSUBANCE
tlOM.
PkvibleinctM
of death during
18M.
(. d.
30
30
40
£. t. if.
1,306 3 0
8,757 3 0
a,8S8 4 0
EUSOPEAN LIFE INSUEANGE & ANinnTT OOMPANT.
Bsteldlslied, Jairaary.UlS. Empowered by Special Aet of Fudiament, 7*SVkte.M.
Otnm, 10. CHATHAM-PLACE, BLACKFRIAB8, LONDON.
Ooart of IMreoton.
John R. Cuiue, Etq. .
Henry H. Hurlaon, Eiq.
ChulM HIU, B«i. . . .
I P. Jerrli, Eh|.
48, Davomhlre-itreet, Pottland-placs.
1, Percy-street, Bedford-aquare.
a, Hyde-Paik'iquare.
William P. Jerrla, Eaq. < . Twickenham.
Capt. William Jeaae .... Malaonette, Innteatcre, Eiaex.
fleorge Lee, Eaq S3, Crutched Prian.
William Safgent, Eiq. . . . Putney Heath.
Frrderick SlWer, Eiq. ... 10, Jamea-atreet, Buckingham-gate.
John Stewart, Eaq. 12, Portman-aquare.
Geone J. Sollvan, Eaq. . . Wilmington, Byde, Isle of Wight.
Capt* W. O. H. Whiib, B.N. 10, Cumberland-atreel, Hyde Park.
Samuel Buller Lemon, Em)., Cuatom Houe, Ixmdon.
B. Mllla, Eaq., Taxing Master, SUpie Inn, and Bltham.
The Be*. Samuel Silver, M.A., Cambridge.
Solioitor.— Thomas W. Bolton, Eaq., 4, Elm-oourt, Templa<
Buikora.
BoaanquetiFranka, and Whatman, 73, Lombard-street.
Sir W. P. Call, Bart., and Co., 2», Old Bond-sUeet.
Henry DaTiet, Esq., h!u!; iSrSaTUUHraw.
Alexander Bridge, Esq., Surgeon, F.R.C.S., €6, St.
E. D. Silver, Bm)., M.D., U, Wimpole-street, Cavi
SOOretary.— Wm. Barton Ford, Esq.
ADVANTAGES OFFERED BY THIS OFFICE.
JameaVaticet.
Cavendisli-square.
Long standing— Established 1819. Undoubted security
from a large paid-up capital and accumulated premiums.
Diseased lives assured at equitable rates.
The participating or non-partioipating acalcs of Premium:
If partioipating, 80 per cent, is appropriated to Policy-
holders every nfth year— if non-pwtioipating, the rates are
H low as can with safety be charged. Liberty to the Insurer
to proceed to, and reside in, places beyond the limits of
Europe. Premiums on Policies received yearly, half-yearly,
or quarterly, or on a descending scale ; or Half Premiums
received for five or seven years.
Loans granted on Policies, or on Freehold, Leasehold, or
Copyhold Securities, accompanied by Policies of Life Assu-
rance. Loans granted on undoubted Personal Security.
Folieies granted to meet every contingency. Medical
men remunerated for their reports. A liberal commission
to solicitors and others bringing business to the Society.
By the condition of the Policies issued bv this Company,
it is agreed " that the documents upon the faith whereof the
Policy is granted shall be conclusive evidence of the age
•nd state of health of the party assured, unless fraud or
wilful misrepresentation lie discovered therein." No pro-
bability of Claina being disputed, the Company having paid to
PoUcy-liolJeri nearly 600,000/. without di^nUe or litigation.
Examples of Premium* for Inturing 100/.
on a liitgk L^ftt
WITHOUT PROFITS.
Ago
next
Birth-
day.
WITH PROFITS.
Quarlnlr.
il>ir-;«iil;
Tanrly.
YMrtr-
llair-iaarlj
quariaily.
£.1. d.
0 9 4
0 12 U
0 It 8
1 2 0
1 14 S
£.1. d.
0 18 I
1 3 8
1 10 8
8 3 0
8 7 6
£.1. d.
1 14 6
3 4 0
8 18 0
4 8 0
6 8 6
1
Jl.$. d.
I 18 3
8 8 1
3 3 8
4 8 8
6 13 6
£.1. d.
1 0 0
1 i S
1 13 4
8 6 3
S 10 0
«.«. d.
0 10 a
0 IS U
0 17 S
1 a •
1 IS 0
The next Bonus will be declared in 18S5, and ailerwarda
at the expiration of every fifth year. Every Bonus will be
added to the sum insured ; but the person entitled thereto
may arrange with the Company at any time within three
months after the declaration thereof to receive the value-
In cash : or In an equivalent reduction of future Premiums :
or If the Bonus amount to 50/. or upwards, may have a new
Policy on the life, free from the payment of any Premium :
or The Bonus may be dealt with as shall be specially agreed
upou.
William Barton Ford, Seoretary. [i 149
HOLDERS of LIFE-ASSURANCE POLICIES,
and thoK who with to effect Life Assurances, are in-
vited to write to HENRY AGGS, of 1a, Bishopsgate Street
Within, London, who, without charge, will communicate
important information. All letters are expected to be pre-
paid, but replies will be unstamped, unless provided, [i 2i)9
RELIANCE
MUTUAL LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY.
No. 71, Kino William-street, Mansion-hodsb, London.
Tlte Entire Profits divided amontj the Assured.
Vernon ABBorr, Esq.
Lieut.-Colonel Abdt.
George Ashmn, Esq.
H. J. HAL^ Esq., R.N.
John Jamej, Esq.
John Ledoer, Esq.
K. W. & Lutwidqe, Esq.
Directors.
Henbt T. Prinsbp, Esq.
William Phelps, Esq.
Charles H. Smith, Esq.
James Traill, Esq.
Wm. Foster White, Esq.
George WnrrMonE, Esq.
Edward Winslow, Esq.
John Youno, Esq.
Advantaget presented by this Society.
Life Assdhances may be effected upon Equal, Half-Premium,
Increasing, or Decreasing Scales J also by Single Payments, or
Pigments for limited periods. Tables have been specially
constructed for the Army, Navy, East India Company, and
Merchant Services ; also for persons voyaging to, or re-
siding in, any part of the world.
Endowments for Widows and Children, Pensions for ro-
tiied Officers and Civilians, Immediate or Deferred An-
NurriES, and Sdrvivobships.
The Bonuses declared by the Society gave a Beduction of
premiums, until next division qf profits averaging 36 per cent,
on Policies in force Eive Years, or an addition to tlie Sums
Assured, ranging from one-third to one-half of tlte total amount
rf Prtmiumi paid.
197] E. OSBORNE SMITH, Actuary and Sec.
ROYAL MAIL STEAM-PACKET
OFFICES,
52, GRACECHURCH-STREET, tmd
34, REGENT-CIRCUS, PICCADILLY, LONDON.
CONVEYANCE OF PARCELS, SAMPLES,
PAPERS, &c.— The most expeditious method of for-
warding such Paclcages to and from all parts of the Conti-
nent is tiirough the
BRITISH AND CONTINENTAL DAILT EXFREBS PABOBLS
AGENCY,
SIMULTANEOUSLY WITH THE MAILS.
Parcels booked in London before 3 in the afternoon will
arrive in Paris early the next morning; in Brussels, Ant-
werp, Ghent, &c., about noon ; and at Cologne in the evening.
Parcel Rates, inclvling all charges excepting Customi
Dutiei and Entries, if any.
Between London and Cologne.
Under i lb. weight .
From i „ to i lbs.
„ 8 „ to 6 „
„ 6 „ to 10 „
„ 10 „ to 14 „
For every 8 lbs, extra
>. d.
8 6
3 0
4 6
ft 0
ft 6
0 S
Belgium.
I. d.
8 8
3 0
3 6
France.
Under 14 lbs. weight
each
Calala and iloulogne. Si.
Paris, Sf.
Lille, Roubais, Tour-
coing, Valenelennea, Sto.,
at Belgian rates.
The Rates charged by Prussian post to places beyond Co-
logne are very moderate. Tables may bo had of the Agents.
Agents. — London, Geo. Hayward, 53, Graceehuroh-
street. — Liverpool, II. Retrmeyer, Castle-street. — At Co-
logne, H. Kistelhuebbr and (Jo., through whom all parcels
from Germany, Austria, Russia, Denmark, Italy, and Switzr
erland should be sent. — From Belgiunt through J. PinniNO-
TON, 74, Montagne de la Cour, 2/n(*w/s. — A. DAiLE,GAe)i(.—
Louis Carbon, Ostend. — From Antwerp and //o/Zand through
C. Froment.— J. Friend, Dm-er and thlHestone, Custom
House Agent, to whom packages of Merchandise to and
f^om Franco may be cuuslgncd. ft 206
J
1^
10
OFFICIAL iLLtJSTRATED CATALOGtJE ADVERTISER.
THE NATIONAL
BEVEBSIONABT INVESTMENT COMPANY.
OFFICES,
No. 63, OLD BROAIX.STKEET, LONDON, amd
No. 10, HILL4TREET, EDINBURGH.
Sineton.
John Fembbhton Heywood^ Eiq., Chairman.
Richard £. A. Towmseud^ £*4-> i>^nUy-Chairman.
Bmki, Edward Smith, Eiq.
CkMPE, OcTAvius £., JBiq.
Cow AM, AliEXANOER, Em.
Dickson, Robt., M.D., F.L.8.
Fdweix, Thomas, Esq.
Oaobsden, James, Esq.
Kendai., JoHlf. Esq.
SoADDDia, E. Ward, Esq.
Sheppard, George, Esq.
Wilde, Chaioes N., Esq.
Solidton.
Messrs. Cardale, Iuffe, and Russell, Bedford-Row,
London.
Agtntt in Edinlmrgh.
Messrs. Menzies and Maoonoohie, Vf. S.
The Directors are prepared to purchase Reversionary In-
terests, either absolute or contingent, and whether secured
upon Real or Personal Estate, and also Life Interests or
Annuities.
Forms fbr submitting Proposals for Sale may b« obtained
at the Offices of the Company.
I 214] G. A. Rendall, Secretary.
PROVIDENT LIFE OFFICE,
50, REGENT STREET.
CmrBBAHCH: a, ROYAL EXCHANGE BUILDINGS.
BSTABIUHXD U06.
PoLicr Holders' Capital, £1,192,818.
AmniAL Income, <1SO,000. Bonuses Declared, £748,000.
CUtimt paid since the e$lablithment qf the Office,
£S,001,4M.
FBXSIDEHT.
THE RIGHT HONOURABLE EARL GREY.
SIBXCnOBS.
The Rev. James Sherman, Chairman.
Hbnrt Blbncowe Churchill, Esq., Deputy-Chairman.
Hbnrt B. Alexander, Esq.
George Dacre, Esq.
William Juod, Esq.
Sir Bicrard D. King, Bart.
The Hon. Arthur Kinnaird.
Thomas Mauobam, Esq.
WiLLLUi Ostler, Esq.
ApsLEV Pellatt, Esq.
George Round, Esq.
Frederick Squire, Esq.
William Uenrv Stone, Esq.
Capt. Wm. John Williams.
J. A. Beaumont, Esq., Managing JDirector.
Physician.
John Maclean, M.D., F.S.S., 29, Upper Montague Street,
Montague Square.
IfineteenpTwnitittha of Oa Proflti are divided among the
uaared.
fmnyfef of the Extinction of Premiumi by the Surrender rf
BoHUKt.
IWteor
Pi>Ucy.
UOS
1811
181S
Sum
Iniiind.
1500
1000
1000
Original Piemiam.
A*, t. d.
79 10 10 Extingulilied.
S3 l« S
ditto.
34 l« 10 ditto.
BonDKt iddcd mbw-
quentljr, to be ftitthet
inanned tnnutlljr.
I. d.
a 0
■31 17 8
114 18 10
Examples ofBonuset added to other Policies.
Fttliey
No.
Data.
Bum
Iniured.
BonuK*
added.
ToUl with additions,
to lie fUrtbei increased.
6tl
1807
£.
900
£■ : d.
9BS \i 1
£. 1. d.
18811 12 1
11T4
1810
1800
IKO S «
23S0 S <
UtS
18S0
600n 3»58 17 8
8J9S 17 8
Prospectuses and full particulars may be obtained upon
application to the Agenta of the Office in all the princiiwl
towns of the United Kingdom, at the City Branch, and at tho
head Office, No. 50, Regent Street. [i 21!)
TO CAPITALISTS.— ao,00(M. to flO,00(M. irequir«|
by the Advertiser, to introduce a eelebrated fbna of
Vessel, and the application of Machinery to Shipbuilding
whereby a saving of 20 per cent, will be effected in oielr
construction. For Airlher information (by Principals only)
apply by letter first to R. A., care of Mr. Clarke, 4, St.
Dunstan's Alley, St. Dunstan's Hill, London. [i sog
COMMISSION AND FOBWARDING AGENT.
THE SUBSCRIBER, having *a opportunity of more
extensively cultivating his business as COllMISSION
and FORWARDING AGENT, U ready to enter into
arrangements with first-class Firms desiring such aid. Be-
presentingin all Scotland first-class Houses, his knowledgs
of general business may be relied on.
The Subscriber intimates to his Customers and Frlendi
that he has Removed from No. 91, CoNmruTioN-STREEr, to
Jorn's-lane, CHARLOTTE-STREBr, IiErriL and solicits Uidr
Import Orders for Dutch, German, and Russian produce.
WILLIAM BLACK.
Agent for Nicholas H. Lutoens, Hamburgh.
, , Van Dulken, Van Dorp, & Co., Rotterdam.
, , Charles Deubner It Co., Riga.
John's-lane, Charlotte-street, Leith.
N.B.— On sale, on consignment. Prime KIEL BUTTER
and GOUDA CHEESES. The Trade only supplied, [i 198
c
AMBRIDGE MILITARY AS YLUM
for Widows of Non-eommissioned Officers andPrivatts
of Her Majesty's Land Forces. In Memory of His Roysl
Highness the late Duke of Cambridge.
Edw. Fred. Lbbks, Hon. Sec,
Office, 2, Charlotte-row, Sfansion-house. [ig<)
OYAL ASYLUM of ST. ANN'S SOCIETY—
By Voluntary Contributions. Affording a Bont,
Clothing, Maintenance, and Education, to Children of Mm
once in prosperity — Orphans or not — firom eveiy Nation.
E. F. Leeks, Secretm,
Offices, 2, Charlotte-row, Manston^otise, [iW
BRITISH LYING-IN HOSPITAL
FOB KABBIKD WOMBH.
FOUNDED IN BROWNLOW-STREET, 1749.
REBUILT IN ENDELL-STREET, LONG-ACRE, 1849.
Supported bt Voudntary Contribctioms.
rnHIS HOSPITAL (which was the first Institution
-'- of its Idnd) is capable of accommodating fh>m SO to
40 Patients ; but to have the wards always occupied, ad-
ditional support is ueceesary, as its resources are seriously
reduced by the great and unavoidable expenses incurred in
erecting the new building. Medical Attendance and Medi-
cines are also provided for a lorge number of Patients st
their own homes.
UXDIOAI OXnOEBS.
Consulting Physician.— Vr. HENRY DA VIES.
Dr. ROBERT LEE, 4, Savifle-row.
BENJAMIN BROOKES, Esq., 37, Bedford-
street, Covent-garden,
Dr. JOHN CLARKE, 3, Clifford-street.
Secretary.— nt. R. S. DAVIES, at the Hospital.
J9an^cr«.— Messrs. IIOARE, 37, Fleet-street.
By all of whom Sabscriptions and Donations will be
thankfully received. [i St
PUBLIC COMPANIES-AGENCY-CHARITIES— FUNERALS.
U
•Uon (bv PrinoiiMJs onl'
iVARDING AGENT.
PRATEBBOOE AND HOMILT
SOCIETY.
Xltabllihed 1818.
ornoK, 18, bausbuby-sqi vrb, fleet-stbeet.
?fttron.
Bii Gnee the Aschbishop of Camterbobt.
Pmiddnt.
The Host Noble the Mabqdis of CBOUtoMOEiiET.
THIS Society is initituted for the circulation of the
TuioiM Worki which have been set forth by authority
of the United Chureh of England and Irebnd, both in the
oririnal and by means of translations.
It! tania, wnich arise flrom yoluntary contributions, are
employed in the active distribution of its Tariottspublloa-
tions amongst those who are unable to procure them through
the usual onanneb, either by f^ grant or by sale at less
than the original cost
Frequent testimonies are borne by Christian Missionaries,
In various parts of the world, to the usefulness of the Society's
labours, especially In the improvement and establishment
of converts from heathenism, and in raising the tone of de>
votlonal feeling In congreganons of native Christians.
The Socletys labours at home may bo exemplified by
reference to its operations amongst Seamen and Emigrants.
The agents visit almost every emigrniit ship and large num-
bers of trading vessels In the port of i.' '"'on : the nature of
the books which are offered is fully an^ udidly ezphiined,
and their use both individually nml no. <ally is affectionately
urged upon the people. Socia umiiipis frequently esta-
bluhed on board In consequence of these persuasions, and
by the help of the books supplied. A few years ago it was
a very rare tiling to hold divine worship on board ship ;
bat now the crews of eoiaiderabfy more tnan ha^ the ships
visited in the port of London re assembled for tiiat purpose
on the Lord's Day.
The Society's General l\cnd is available for the expenses
of translations, tec.
The operations on ship-board are supported by the Special
fSmdfar Emigrtaite and Seamen ; whilst the Sbecial Fund for
Ireland is devoted to efforts for spreading the light of the
Gospel in that country.
Subscriptions and donations in aid of either of these funds
will be thankfully received by the Secretaries.
The following list will give a general idea of the nature
of the Society's publications :—
Arabic : Portions of Liturgy ; Articles of Religion ; Homily,
' On B«ading the Scriptures.'
Bullom: Portions of Liturgy.
Chinese : Portions of L'turgy.
Danish : Homilies, * On Reading the Serlptnres,' &c.
Dutch : Prayers : Homilies, ' Of Faith,' ' Of Repentance,'
t(C. ; also for Cnristmas Day, Good Friday, &c.
English : Prayer-Books of all sizes and prices ; Arranged
&rvices for Sundays; Family Prayer-Books ; Collects and
Catechism: Homilies, In volumes and tracts; Jewell's
Apology ; Nowell's Catechisms, &c. ke.
French : Prayer-Book ; Selection of Prayers ) Homilies in
tracts— various subjects.
Gaelic : Family Prayers, and Homilies (In preparation).
German : Prayer-Book ; Arranged Services ; Homily tracts
on various subjects.
Gnek and Modem Greek : Prayer-Boole
Hebrew : Prayer-Book ; and (in Rabbinical Heb.) Homilies,
'On Reading the Scriptures,' and for Christmas Day.
Indo-Portuguese : Prayer-Book ; and Homilies, ' On Bead-
ing the Scriptures,' &c.
Irish ; Portions of Liturgy ; Prayer-Book reprinting ; Ho-
milies in prepAration.
Italian ; Prayer-Book (Improved translation) ; Homily, ' Of
Faith/' Of Prayer,' for Christmas Day, &o.
Latin : The Thirty-nine Articles of Religion.
Maori (New Zealand) : Arranged Sunday Services ; Family
Prayers, nearly ready.
Persic : Portions of Liturgy.
Polish: Prayer-Book.
Portuguese : A Manual of Prayers ; Homily, ' Against the
Fear of Death,' do.
Spanish : Prayer-Book ; Selection of Prayers ; and Homilies,
' Against the Fear of Death,' (cc.
Swedish ; Homilies, * Of the Misery of all Mankind,' &c.
Welsh : Prayer-Book ; Homilies, ' Of Salvation by only
Christ our Saviour,' &c. [i l»<i)
LIVERPOOL AND LONDON
FIBE AND LIFE INSURANCE COHPANT,
EiUblUhed in 1 RSS. Kupoweicd by Act* of PsiUament.
OT VI OSS.— 8 and 10, WATEBrSTREiff, LnBRFOOi.;
30 and 21, Pouurar, Lomoom.
Tmiteat.
Sir Thos. Bernard Bircb, Bart., M. P.
Adam Hodoson, Esq.
Bamoel Henry Thompson, Esq.
Direotonin LiverpooL
William Nicol, Esq., Chairman,
Joseph Christ. Ewabt, Esq.l n.~,4,^nu,!rtm.»
JosB-H Hornby, Esq. ] DgiutifCluurmen.
Thomas Brocklebank, Esq,
William Dixon, Esq.
William Earle, Esq.
T. Stedart Gladsto e, Esq.
George Grant, Esq.
Francis A. Hamii/ton, Esq.
Francis Haywood, Eaiq.
Robert Hioanc, Esq,
Georoe Hoi/r, Esq.
Sseretaiy.— SwnrroN Bouur, Esq.
Sirectort in London.
William Ewaot, Esq., M.l'., Chairman.
George Fred. Youno, Esq., Deputy-Ctutirman,
John Hore, Esq.
Geo. Hall Lawrence, Esq.
Harold LrrrLBDALE, Esq.
John Marriott, Esq.
Edward Moon, Esq.
Charles Saunders, Esq.
Herman Stolterpobt, Esq.
John Swainson, Esq.
James Asfinall Tobin, Esq.
Sir W. P. De Bathe, Bart.
William Brown, Esq., M.P.
Matthew FoiorER, E8q.,M.P.
Frederick Harrison, Eso.
James Hartley, Esq.
Ross D. Mangles, Esq., M.P.
Hon. F. Posbonby.
John Rankiko, Esq.
J. M. RossETER, Esq.
Seymour Teulon, Esq.
SwiNTON BouLT, Esq., Secrv
tarf to the Company.
Beiident Beeretaiy. — Benjamin Henderson, Esq.
CoNsrrruTioN.
Liability of the entire body of Shareholders unlimited.
Fire Department.
Agricultural, manufacturing, and mercantile risks freely
insured. Foreign and colonial Insurances effected.
Premiums as In otoer established offices.
Settlement of losses liberal and prompt.
Life Department.
Premiums as low as is consistent with safely. _
Bonuses not dependent on profits, being declared and
guaranteed when the policy is effected.
Surrenders of policies favourably dealt with.
Thirty days allowed for the renewal of policies.
Claims paid in three months after proof of death.
Policies not disputed except on the ground of fraud.
Full prospectuses may be had on application at the onices
of the Company as above, or to any of Its agents in the
country. L' t^
ECONOMIC
FUNERAL COMPANY,
29, Neio Bridge-street, Blachfriars,
ESTABLISHED JANUAKY, 1843.
IINDEB SISHNOUIBHED PATBOKA0X.
The object of this establishment is to offer every
means of economy, combined with respectability, in
FUNERALS, to any magnitude, at stated charges ;
and the public is respectfully invited to strictly ex-
amine the plans of this office, the first established in
England for the observance of Funeral economy.
Artisan's Carriage Funeral, 3/. IS*. 6d. and 5/. 10». M.
The deceased and mourners conveyed in separate
carriages.
Tradesmen's ditto, with Hearse and Pair, and Coach
and Pair, 11. \2s. 6rf.
First CIoss Funeral, including a Shell, Lead Coffin,
and Outside Case, Hearse and Four Horses, Two
Coaches and Pairs, with Flumes and ftall equipments
of superior description. 2'l/. 12». 6rf.
The cortege nnd stylo adopted will be found unexcep-
tionable.
" Tlii>».' u Im have ever required the employment of an
Undortttker in tlieir familv mint feel the necenily of roch «n
K>tat>lishment, and Its great pecuniary advantaijeaoTer the old
aystem of conducting thia bualneia."— Cinirl JewMl. [ i 17*
i
12
OFFICIAL ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE ADVERTISER.
[1861.
I I":
I'
OOVERKESSES' BENEVOLENT Xl^STITUTION,
Ineorporated by Rojfol Charter, with power to hold Land by Oift, Punhtue, or Beqtieit,
Undar the Pfttnnug* of
VtH MOST ORACIODS tlMESTV, III8 BOYAI. niOBMEMt THE TRINCE AUIEBT,
IIER ROTAL IIIGRNESS THE ItVCIIESB OF KENT, HER ROYAL BIOIINESU THE DUCIIEM OF OLOUCEnXR, .
niR ROTAL HKIHMBag THE DUCHESS OF CAMBIIIDaa, HIS ROTAL IIIOHNS8S THE DDKE OF CAMBRIOOB,
HU ROTAL HIQUMESS THE nEREOITARY OBAMD DUCHESS OF MECKLEMORRO-flTREUTZ.
Praldnit— The EARLof Harrowbt.
The Lady Aihlev.
The Hon. Mn, Aihley.
The ViKountMi Buifngton,
Mn. in«intra.
Un. Booth.
The Lady Aihley.
Mn. Bayne.
Mn. BUmiie.
The Hon. Mn. Geom Anaon.
The Lady CaroUev Bathunt.
HiMBlalte.
Mn. BUmire.
ladyClaik.
The Hon. Wnilam Aahley.
The Rev. Michael Bina, M.A.
h. B. Cabbell, Kaq., M.P., F.R.8.,
F. I>atey Chappell, Eiq. [F.S.A.
Dr. FoAea, F.ft.8.
LADIES'
Mn. John Bullar.
The Vlaeounteia Ouinlng.
The Viacounteai Feilding.
Mn. Oeoige Forlie*.
Mn.Fox.
OOIOCITTEB
Mn. John Bulbr.
The Viacounteai Canning.
Mn. Coi.
cnmcnTEB fob
Mlai miiott.
The Lady Oeoigiana FuUerton.
The Lady Charlotte Oueit.
Mn. 8. C. HaU.
Mn. WUUam M. Jiunei.
OOmiTTXE.
Mn. F. H. Uoldimld.
Mn. Oraathed.
Mn. William M. Jamea.
The Vlaeounteia Jocelyn.
Mn. Laing.
FOB THK EOlOt.
Mn. Greathed.
Mra. William M. Jame*.
THE ASTLUIL
Mn. Thomai King.
Mn. Knight.
Mra. Lalng.
Miaa J. C. lAWwn,
Mn. Maltby.
John William Hale, Eaq.
8. Carter Hall, Kaq., P.8.A.
The Rev. Kdmund HoUond.
Henry Hewlett, Eaq.
The Hon. Arthur Khinalrd.
BOABD OF MAHAOEIIBHT.
The Rev. D. Lalng, M.A., F.RA
Kdwaid Frederick Leeka, ICaq.,
The Lord LUftord. tF.LM,
Jamei Niabet, Eiq.
Sir 8tairord H. Northcote, Bart.
MInPym.
The VlMonnteia Svdnev.
Mn, Geoige GrenfeU (Jlyn.
Mn, Jamea Wiunun.
Mn, Udward Wyndham.
Mra. Laing.
Lady Kay Shuttleworth.
Miaa Maurice.
Tile Counteaa of Reaebery.
Mill Harriet Sotheby.
The Udy Ann Tuftaell.
Hin Winn.
J, Tidd Pratt, Eaq.
Robert A. Mlaney, Em., M.1>.
W. Jiiae Street, Eaq.
The I'^arl Talbot.
Edward Thornton, Eaq.
AlUtntOn— Jehn Bullar, Eiq. ; William Fox, Eaq. ; Mr. Secondary Jamea ; W. A. Mackinnon, Eaq., M.P., F.R 8., F.S.A.;
Edmund Turner Walti, Eiq,
AuditOOCI'lliomu Hunt, Eiq. ; Henry Kingacote, Eaq. ; Capt. tlie Hon. Francia Maude, B.N.
Ttatmnr- Benjamin Bond Cabbell, Eaq., M.P., F.R.8., F.S.A. Honorary SeoreUry— Tlie Rev. David Laing, M.A., F.R.S,
BaakeriTSir 8. Scott and Co., I, Cavendlah-iquare ; Meaan. Strahnn and Co., Temple-bar.
Saoretuy-C. W. Klugh, Eiq., a», Sackvllle-itreet. SoOIOtary to the Prorident Fond— Thomaa Bayly Parker, Ek].
Membenhip conalati in the payment of an Annual Guinea, or of Ten Ouineaa in one anm. Suliacriben are entitled to vote for Annuities in
(he proportion of one Vote Ibr euh Annual Half-Guinea, not in arrear, and for each Donation of Five Giiineaa. SulMcriptiona are due on thr
lit Of January, and can alwaya be remitted by Poat-office order, or by a cheque croiaed " Sir M. Scott and Co." |
THE GOVERNESSES' INSTITUTION has been estab-
lished to raise the ohtucmoter of Govomesses as a class, and
thus to improve the tone of Female Education ; to assist
Govemesses in making provision for their old age ; and to
assist in distress and age those Govemesses whose exertions
for their parents or fiwdUes have prcventcil supb n provision.
To feeUitate the operations of the Institution, its proceed-
ings are subdivided into the following branches ; and every
gin is devoted solely to the object for wliich it is given.
TEMPORARY ASSISTANCE to Govemesses in distress,
afforded privately and delicately through the Ladies' Com-
lim^E.
ANNUiry FUND.— Elective Annuities to aged Govern-
Msee, secured on Invested Capital, and thus independent
on the prosperity of the Institution.
It is necessary that a capital should be raised, from the
taitereet of wliich Annuities may be given ; ts to profess to
grant Annuities trom annual subscriptions— from a fluctu-
ating inoome, which any ohnngo of public opinion, or acci-
dental ehrounwtanees, might destroy— would bo tu risk
disappointment to the aged annuitants at (perhapsS tlic most
Bainful and inconvenient time. Many Annuities nave been
Ibunded by investments in the three per cent Consols ; and
it is intended to elect at least two Annuitants in each suc-
oceding May and November, should the funds bo received.
The candidates, who must be Governesses above fifty years
Vt age, require to be approved by the Committee,
- To carry out this design— the establishment of permanent
Annuitiee, granted from funded capital — the Committee
Invite benevolent individuals of large fortune to found
Annuities bearing their own name. Fellowships and scholar-
■hips are thus founded for those of the other sex who labour
Witn the mind ; and surely we should not be forgetful of
those whose m inds labour to mould the characters of English
wives and mothers.
The Hon. Mrs. Ashlev has most kindly opened a Fund to
raise all the Society's Annuities to 301. ; and has already
teodved 800/. towards this desirable oMeet Any donations
which may be kinilly given may bo addressed " The Hon.
Mrs. Ashley, to the core of the Secretary."
PROVIDENT FUND.— Provident Annuities purchased
by ladies in any way connected with Education, upon Go-
Tcrament Security, agreeably to the Act of Parliament.
This branch of the Institution has been very successful.
^y lady can have the Tables of Rates and other particu-
lars forwarded to her, on application to the Secretary at the
Oflice; oud, if she will consult any gentleman connected
with monieJ details, she will Icsm that she oaimototherwiw
have such terms with sucb security.
This branch includes a Savings-bank : each lady's mou^
standing in her own name, and removable only by her own
order.
A HOME for Govemesses during the intervals between
their engagements.
Tlio Homo— in llarlcy-strcet— is principally self-support-
ing, the ladies paying a certain weekly sum for board and
lodging. The admission is by a Committee of Ladies, on
written introductions. The facilities for rc-engagements
are so great to ladies from the country, and the arrange-
ments are so private and comfortable, that the Home is in
much request.
REGISTRATION FREE OF EXPENSE.— Books being
provided at tlic Home, with lists both of vacant engagements
and of disengaged Governesses, the nobility and gentry find
the Itencfit of such opportunities for selection ; whilst tlie
immense connexion of the Society affords great advantages
to the (loveruess, witiiout the slightest expense.
A COLLEGE for Governesses has oeen established,
named Queen's College, by Royal Permission. A Com-
mittee of Education has been formed of gentlemen of high
standing and experience, by whom certificates of qualiflM-
tion are given to Govemesses in any branch qf instruction
without lee. Any lady sending in her name, and statingin
what subjects she seeks examination, will have an immediate
appointment for the purpose. It will now rest with parents
to make engagements contingent, if they please, upon the
production of certificates. (Classes are open in all subjects
of instruction.
About 340 certificates have been issued since the opening
of the College ; arrangements have been made for the Frei
EourATioN of a certain number of Pupils, dependent on
Governess-relatives ; and large evening classes have been
established, with Free Lectures, for Govemesses engaged
during the day.
AN ASYLUM FOR AGED GOVERNESSES, built
for Eiglitecn, but capable of enlargement to any extent
Additional apartments for two are estimated at 200/. ; En-
dovmenfs for each, 500/., or l.'i/. per annum, legally nnd per-
manently secured. Age for admission, Sixtv : Election, as
for Annuitants. The inmates are wholly maintained, [i 153
r.P.,F.RS.,F.S^..
EELIOIOVS TEACT SOCIETY,
INSTITUTED AJ). 1799.
depositories:
56,
Fatemoster-row ;
65,
St. Paul's Church-
yard;
and
161,
Piccadilly,
BMur
St. James's-street.
DEPOSITORIES !
56,
Paternoster-row ;
65,
i; St. Paul's Church-
yard;
and
161,
Piccadilly,
near
St. James's-street.
Treasurer— 3 om> Gurney Uoare, Esq.
Honorary Seeretaria—'Rey. W. W. Ciiampnf.vs, M.A., Rectorof Wkitechapel, and Rev. Ebengzer Henderson, D D.
Comqnnding aecretary and Suptrintendent—Mr. "W M. Jones. Auutant Secretary and C'aihier—Mt. Wm. Tarn
The Society has issued worlcs in about 110 different lan-
guages and dialects ; specimens of some of which are shown
fo the Great Exhibition.
The present annual circulation of the Society's works
•mounts to about Twentv-pour Millions; its receipts to
•bout 61,000/. : and its total distribution, to March, 1850,
including the issues of its foreign Societies, to about Five
UtINDREDANO TwENTY-FOUR MILLIONS of COpieS.
The sale of the publications is made to cover all the ex-
penses of production and distribution. Thus the whole of
the tubscriptions, ^c, are applied to the yratuitout circulation of
iti worie, without any deduction or charge whatever.
The Indd8tria£ ExanmoN.
Extensive supplies of books and tracts, in many of the
Continental languages, have been prepared for circulation
among the foreign visitors to the Great Exhibition. To
facilitate this object they have reduced the price of all tracts
in foreign languages to tlie same scale as English tracts —
equal to a reduction of one-fourth. All persons purchasing
foreign tracts, for gratuitous circulation, to the amount of
20»., will be supplied at half the Catalogue prices. Tlie Com-
mittee have engaged eligible premises at No. 164, Picca-
dilly, 08 their Western. DEPOsrroRY.
PUBLICATIONS.
THE MONTHLY VOLUMES: a Series of
Popular Works, elegantly written, on History, Biogra-
phy, Science. Religion, &c. Sixty-six volumes are
already published. Each vol. contains 102 pages of
good bold letterpress, and occasionally illustrated with
engravings ;— 6a. in fancy covers; and \Qd, in cloth
boards, ^It edges.
EDUCATIONAL SERIES, for Schools and
Families, consisting of the History of Greece to a. d.
1833, 12mo., with map, cloth, 2«. 6</. — History of
Rome, to the Fall of the Empire, 12mo., with three
mans, 3>. — Lives or Illustrious Greeks, 12mo,, 3«, —
A Universal Geooraphy, in four parts. Historical,
Mathematical, Physical, and Political, with ten coloured
maps, 12mo., boards, 5». — Palev's HoR.i! Paumn.k,
with notes and supplementary treatise, by Rev. T. R.
Birks, A.M., with maps, 3*.— Palev's Evidencf^ of
CHRisTiANrrv, with introduction, notes, and supple-
ment, by Rev. T. R, Birks, a.m., with Map, 3x.
THE ANNOTATED PAUAGRAPH BIBLE :
containing the Old and New Testaments, accordiug to
the authorised version, arrengod in paragraphs and pa-
rallelisms ; with explanatory notes, prefaces to the seve-
ral Books, and an entirely new selection of references
to parallel and illustrative passages. Part I. The Pen-
tateuch. Supei^royal 8vo. 3(., neat cover.
[To be completed in six parts.]
POCKET PARAGRAPH BIBLE. With
maps. 4«. cloth boards ; 5s. roan t^ilt ; 6s. morocco ; 7s.
Turkey morocco.
COMMENTARY, WITH THE HOLY
BIBLE ; The Text according to the authorized version.
The Comment flrom Henry and Scorr, atad from other
authors ; with marginal references, maps, and yarions
useful tables. Super-royal 8vo. Complete in six vols.
2/. 14(. boards ; 3/. 18s. half bound ; 4/. 14s. calf; 5/. 6f.
calf extra. With numerous engravings, portraits, &c.,
60s. boards.
COMMENTARY: the same as above, without
the Text. 12mo. 6 vols, neat, in cloth, 32s, ; half bound
38s.; calf 44s.
HISTORY OF THE REFORMATION. By
Dr. Merle D'Acbigne. Pemy 8vo. 4 vols in 1. With
new preface, and numerous additions. The 4th part being
the CnRlish original. Cloth bds. 6s. j or in two vols. 7s.
The Library Edition, in 4 vols., price 14«. boards.
ANTIQUITIES OF EGYPT ; with a par-
ticular notice of those that illustrate the Sacred Scrip-
tures. Many engravings. 8vo. 10s. cloth boards.
HISTORY OF THE VAUDOIS ' lURCH.
By Antoine Monastier, formerly Pastoi '.■> ibe Canton
de Yaud. 12mo., with a map of the valleys, 4s. boards.
LUTHER : his Mental and Spiritual History :
with special reference to its earlier periods, and Uio
Opening Scenes of the Reformation. By Barnas Sear^,
D.D. 12mo. 48. boards.
THE HISTORY OF THE JEWS, from the Call
of Abraham to the Birth of Christ. Illustrated with
steel nnd wood engravings. In 2 vols. 12mo., 8s. boards ;
10s. half bound. • -
THE JUBILEE MEMORIAL of the RELI-
GIOUS TRACT SOCIETY : containing a record of its
Origin. Proceedings, and Results, a.d. 1799 to a.d.
1849. By William Jones, Corresponding Secretary. 8vo.
with portraits engraved on steel, 7s. extra cloth boards.
•»* Cataloguei of the Society'! Tract, Book, and Foreign Publications may be obtained at either ^ the aboee Vepotitoriee, or
forwarded by pott. Applications in reference to the funds and publications may be addressed to Mr. Wiluam Jones, 66, Pater-
nosttr-row, [i 113
m
M
14
OFFICIAL ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE ADVERTISER.
[1861.
Published Monthly, Price !«.,
€\t IflMraal sd ^mp anlr Ularaifadnrts,
COMTAnilKO
ACTUAL FABRIC PAHERNS AND ENGRAVINGS.
The journal OF DESIGN AND MANUFACTURES is ad-
dressed to the Producers and Consumers of all Decorative Manu-
factures, as well the Merchant, the Manufacturer, the Designer,
the Art Workman, as the General Pubuc.
The JOURNAL cf DESIGN and MANUFACTUBES advocates—
JTu Rtoogmticn of Sound Princ^ales of Design, and
the N«oe8t^ffr a Faith in them.
!nte AppUcatim of these Priitdjples to Manufaaures
and Purposes of UtSity.
The Progress o/Des^n in accordance with the Wants
and Sentimetiis of the Present Age rather th^n a
^aoish Bepetition qf the Ancient or Medial Art
of Past Ages.
The Improvement of the Laws regulating Ci^pyrigU
of Design and the Extension of the Period of
Ccpyryht.
The Diffusion of Art-Education through aB Classes,
and the Increased Effiaiincy <f Schools of D^n.
And
The Establishment ofPiMc Exhibitions ^Decorative
Manufactures
Four Volumes of the JOURNAL OF DESIGN AND MANUFACTURES are now
oomplcted, price 1$. 6d. each, botuid. Daring their progress, the effect and soundness of the
principles advocated in tliem have been signally shown in the extension of Copyright of Design,
in the amendment of the Schools of Design, in the general improvement of Decorative Manu-
factures ; but, above all, in the success of the Great Exhibition of the Works of Industry of all
Nations, wWch the JOURNAL OF DESIGN AND MANUFACTURES consistently sup-
ported 88 a theory, long before it became a great fact.
THE JOURNAL OF DESIGN AND MANUFACTURE* is the only publication in
Europe which inserts in its pages Specimens of Actual Fabrics.
DUSINO THE EXHIBITION the Journal of Dengn and Manufactures will insert
SPECIMENS of the finest woven fabrics, &c., exhibited. ^
PUBLISHED BY
CHAPMAN & HALL, 193, PICCADILLY, LONDON;
H. MANDEVILLE, PARIS; BOHAIIIE, LYONS; LEBRUMENT. ROUEN; C. MUQUARDT, BRUSSELS.
THE JOtTBNAL OF DESIGN AND MANUFACTUBES
Matf he ordered of all Sooktellers and Stationers,
1851.]
LITERATURE.
15
NEW AND COMPLETE
WORKS OF READING AND REFERENCE,
PUBLISHED BY CHARLES KNIGHT, 90, FLEET STREET.
iona of Decorative
•e* will insert
r, BRUSSELS.
Knight's Cyclopaedia
of the Industry of all Nations.
A COHFAKIOM TO THB EXHIBITION OF 1851,
And • pemument Diotlonary of Arts, MMufaeturM, and
Commero*. With BbABoaATs WooDOim.
OmToIum «f akow 1000 pagM, boond, Sfht lUIUaci.
KNiaHT'S
Cyclop»eJia of London.
In 1851 there will be a gathering from all lands in thU,
the largest olty of the world, whose inhabitants are in
Interooune — commercial, political, literary, or religious—
wiUi almost the whole human race. W» jmrpotelg tehet iki$
aeriad tot producing a full, eompaet, and cheap book on Loir-
DOR, that will endeavour to combine accuracy with amuse-
ment,— a CMd* for the FmuvT, — a permanent Volume m the
NatiomU LUfrarf. With BLABomATK WooDCon.
OmVoIsim «f atarly 1000 pagea, booad, Sffkt ShilUagi.
KNIOHT'S
Excursion-Train Companion.
XXODBnOHS 7B01C lOXDOV.
Complete m One Vohtme, price i$.
The following places are comprised in the Excursions :-
No. t. Bbmbtom.
8. Basvinos.
3. doteb and cakterbtibr.
4. ISbB OF TbAMET, SaMDWICK, AMD DEAL.
6. Bath.
Butroi..
WiNDSOM AMD EtOM.
Oxford.
pobtsmodth and chicne8tbb.
wlnobbsteb, sodtbampton, amd salisbcbr.
11. The I8I.B or WiaaT.
12. D0BCnB8rrBa,WBrM0IITH, AMDPORTtAND.
EXITER AMD THE SoOm COAST OF DEVON.
PlTMOCTH AMD ITS ENVIRONS.
Creltenham and Gloucester.
8tratfobd-vfon-Avon and Warwick.
17. Woolwich, Ico.
IS. Obavesehd and Halls of Kent.
19. Cahbbidob.
20. Leamington amd Coventbt.
6.
7.
8.
9.
ID.
13.
14.
15.
16.
Pictorial Half-Hours of
London Topography.
OmYoIuu. PrloeThiMniUUiifiudKqrMut.
JN^ational Cyclopaedia of Useful
Knowledge.
On the 1st of February, 1847, the publication of " Th«
National CrcLOFXDLA" mu commrneed. On the 3Ir 9V
March, 1851, thb Work was coMPurrso.
The PoaugRER has fulfilled the comtrnoin of fub*
uoATiOM in every PARTicoLAn. It hss been his endeavour
to produce \ popular Cydopeedia that within iU necessary
limits shall umlt nothing of general importance ; and, whilK
it is peculiarly addressed to the greatest number of readnsi
shall satisfy the most critical inquirer.
TwalTe ToliiinM, dofh, £S; hBU-bouid, <S. U(k
liz Yoliuius, lialt'mMia, £S 13i. 6d.
Half-Hours with the Best
Authors.
This Work, which contains Speemen$ of Three Hundred
Writer$, with biographical and critical notices, is arranged,
so as to flimish half an hour's readino for evert dat in
THE TEAR, formed of Taelte Hundred and Fortu pagee,e^l
m quantity to lix ordinary octavo volumee : wUh Siiteen Mmior
ture Portraite, engraved on Steel.
IB Four Voliunai, oloih, Ten RUUinct; in Two VdluMa,
half-bovnd, TwAft OuUiiigB.
Pictorial Half-Hours j
OR, UI80EIiLANIE8 OF ABT.
With niuttrative Detcriptione.
Ponr yolimui, Foutaen Shillingi: or in Two VoIubm,
halMMmnd, Sixteen uillingB.
The Land We Live in :
A PICTORIAL AND LITEBABT 8KET0H-BOOK OF THB
BRITISH EHPIBE.
Profusely IBuetrated with WoodcuU, and with ^laididUne
Engravings on Aetl.
FMming Fonr Superb Yolnmea, 49. Si.
This popular Work is completed in Forty Parte, each of
which is perfect in itself, and may be purchased separately,
price One Shilling.
MAPS AND ATLASES OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE DIFFUSION OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE.
ATLAS COMPLETE, with Index, 312 Maps, plain, in 1 volume, half morocco or rueiia, f,l. 7«.
maroceo or ruisia, 91. 14«.
Coloured, 1 volume, half
LIBRARY ATLAS, 161 Maps, 1 volume, p&im, 5/. 5*. ; coloured, 71. 7«.
FAMILY ATLAS, 54 Maps, plain, 21. 2*. ; coloured, 21. 16*.
SCHOOL ATLAS, Modern and Ancieht, 39 Maps, plain, II. 3*. ; coloured, II. 13«.
OUTLINE MAPS, FOR LEARNERS. Part I., 12 Maps, 4f. ; Part H., 8 Maps, 3».
SINGLE MAPS, plain, 6d. each; cokmred, 9d.
MAP OF LONDON, for the convenience of VisnoRS to the ExBiBmoN,/){aiii, It. ; coloured. If. 6d. ; bound ut clolk, 3$.
ne whole of the Mope are corrected to the present time ; and a Promeetut, with full particulars, wiU be forwarded post-free «m
o/^ictrtion (d tA« i'Hft/ttAcr, 90, Fleet WREET.
16
OFFICIAL ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE ADVERTISER.
[1861.
JAMES BIQQ AND SONS,
PARLIAMENTARY BOOKSELLERS AND PUBLISHERS,
68, FABLIAICBNT 8TBBET, WESTMINSTBB.
PBOomEDnroB or pabxjaxbnt.
SabkMS.— HAMMkD'i Pablumimtabi HirrokT and DnAin,
•emplate Arom lOW to tba eloM of 1849. aio voU., royal Svo, ha{f
mute, 841.— Miuom or Pauiamint, oonUlning MeunM* Raporu
of tha Dabataa and Prooaadlnga in both Houias of Parliament (Vom
ins to 11140. t9Tola.,fi>lloandttro,*a(r-teaii4; IN. Ilia.— CAViNDua'a
DnATM of tha Iloaia of Oommona during the I3tb ParlUmant of
OraM Britain, with lUintratlona of the Parliamentaiy UMor; of
tha Balgn of Qaom III., bj J. Wright. T parta, royal 8to, 1841, IM,.
■t«t« TrlaUt — A CDMniTi Ooiuotiom of Statb Tauu
nd PlMKiiDiMoa Ibr Bras TMAaoN and othar CrInMa and lUi-
damaaaoara flrom tha earllait period to tha year 1830 i with Norn by
Uowiu,and jAaDiMi'alifDi^. S4Tali., royal 8vo,Aa(^niMAi, 137. ISa.
VmuraiiUSa- Tha JoukMAU or tbi Hocat or OomtoMa from
l»4T to 1841, with Indexea. lOS vol,., Ibtio, kaff-tound, lU. 15a.—
Tha JoniMAu or tbi Hooai or toaoa flpom IMD to 1840, with tha
Olandara and Indaiea. T8 mlt., folio, haV-honni, IN. 10a.— Tha
RoiAa or PABiUMimr (Irom 1378 to ItOS, with Index. T volt., folio,
ka^kotmt, V. lOi.
Mpovta.— A aiLMTiOM of the moatiHTonAirr PABLiAmirrAtT
PAMia turn ITIS to I83S. 486 Toli,, *a(r-Aom<f, 80/. 15,.— A naiia
of the BnaioMiD PAriaa flrom 1830 to 1848. containing tite Bllli,
Report*. Bftdence, Batlmatee, and Papera printed by order of the
HooaeofCommonaflromOetober, 18I0,toth*clo*eof 1848. 961 voU.,
itttmt, mmni, 1441. 8a.
*«* Thi PmrUttmenUrt DtMm, Jaumab, ani Tapen lupplied
rtgihurlf M frhtted.—aentlemen detintu <if poueulng tk* Faperi
I am fartiaUar nl^ictt, <m JbrtmnUng HutnuUmu to
'Utml <4<rc<, liU It lupplied leith off Ike Informmtiim laU b^fitrt Par-
UmmenI on net niliittu.—lmftrjin* teU of the ParUameutary Debala,
Jtmmnlt, aad Pt^tn cn» tt eomplttti <y mfplnHtg lo J. Bigg j Som.
SUBUOATIONB BXHiA.VJSQ TO KAHiWATS.
^ ^ of TnUle«— Riroata of the Rauwat DiPAaTxiiiT
tt the BoAiD or Tbad* on Sahemea for extending Railway Com-
munieatlon.andon Amalgamatlona, with Index. ItmoiCMA, 1845, fta.
— HAFa of the aereral Pbojcoteo RAiLWATa referred to In the
Reporta of the Board of Trade. 19 parte, 1845, 19a. — SrxoiAl
RaroaTt or CoMMimat oo Hallway Bill* relating to adoption or re-
Jeettonofrecommendallona of Board of Trade. Ilmo, 1845, 1*. 6d.
Vmotloe of OoinmltM0a«— Paiai'* Tbiatui on the
FBAcnnx er Comtmax* of the Horn or CoMiiaNa, with reference
eeiwelally to Railway and othar PriTate Bllla. 8to, tlotk, 1846, »s.
VvtoUA Aots.- A coi ^.lOTioR of the Polio GKNBaAi Act*
ibr the Rioolatioii of Raiiwatb In Bmoland,'Wa»*, and Ibxland,
paaard ttom 1838 to 1847 IndiulTe, with Index. ISmo, cMk, 1849, 5*.
A dmltar eollection of the Fdblio Act* for the RxaDiATioH of
BAttWAT* in SconARD, 1838 to 1846, with Index. ISmo, cMk, 5*.
■p«elal Aeta.— An Aktbaot or Dioot of the Spbcial Acn
•athorixlng the Conitbcctioh of Railway*, paaaed In 1845, 1846,
and 1847, with Tabular Abatraot, Introduction, and Coploua Indexa*.
ft vola., ISmo, eMk, 9t. 18*.
■taadlnv Ord«rs<— The Stamiiino Obdcbi of botb Hocus
or Pabliamxnt, relative to Pbivatb Bill*, m amauded in Auguat,
1850, with Indaxea. ISmo, ctalh, St.
XTBX^BOOF WABBHOUSn,
Ver BapoBtt of Books aaa Vrtatoa Vapersi
J. Biuo AHV Bona hare recently erected, in TBr HBiaRBODBBOOD or
Pabuahbiit Stbbct, a eapaciou* Wabibomb, eonttructed tolely of
Brick, Iron, and Slate, wItU the view of providing a Bdildino
wliere Book* and Pbikted PArxaa may be DBPoaiTBti In perfect
aacuBrTT agatnat accidint bt riax, and in which any quantity of
Boolt* and Papera can be k> abbaroxd that any Volume or Paper
may be iramediataly referred to without tiie dlghtest delay.
TBB Tbbm* (per annum) fbr Warehonalng Boolia and Printed
Papera (nicb aa Parliamentary Report*, tec.,) are a* follow:— Any
qoantity not exceeding 5 cwt., SO*. ; exceeding 5 ewt., and under
10 cwt., 36a.; exceeding 10 cwt., and under 15 cwt., 50*. ; oxceeUIng
15 ewt., and under SO ewt., 63*. ; and for each uddltlonal 5 cwt., 16*.
The Warehouae Charge* to be paid half.yeariy, in June and
December.— Any fHustlonal part of 5 cwt. to be charged a* 5 cwt.,
•nd any period lei* than twelve month* to be charged aa one year.
Aeto Of Varllament,- The Public, Local, and Private
Acta (either In Volume* or eeparate Acta) conatantly on aale.
Indexea to all the Act* paaaed flrom 1800 to the present time can be
oonwilted at 53, Parliament Street, by any gentleman dealrou* of
obtaining the Statutea on any particular aul^ect.
Wow ^ITorka wid Vorlodleola roaoxoiui Somixo
OM TBB Dai or TOiia l^ttUMnoa.
IMPOBTANT PA.TlTiTAK1B»TAHY BXPORTS.
■olootod flrom the Btoek on flalo by
Jaiaoo Birr 4k Sowk
BatlWAJOt— Report* of Commltlaei of tha Honta of Oommoni
to whom the varioua Hallway Bllla were referred flrom 1836 to IHW.
IS vol*., folio, clolk, 111. IS*.- ReporU of Committee on Railway
Bubacription Llata, 1837, 10*.— RenorUof COmmteatonaraonOenard
Syatem of Rallwaya for Ireland, 1837-38, tl. 10*.— Report* of Com-
mittee* on the etate of Communication by Railway, I8I8-39-40, I4i
Beporta of Bmlth and Barlow reapeoting Railway Oommunlcation
between London, Dublin, Kdlnburgh, and Olaigow, 1840-41, aOt.—
Annual ReporU of the Oflicera of tha Railway Department of the
Board of Trade, 1841-46, SSa. 6d.— Renorta of Committee on Rall-
waya, 1844, 6a.— Alphabetical Lilt of Bubaeriben to Railway Bub-
acription Contract*, 1845.46, 8*. (Id. — Report of Committee on
Atmoepherio Railway*, 1845, 3*.— Return* relative to Third CIta
Carrlagea. 1845, 3a. 6d.— Report of Commlaalonert on Uniformity of
Oange, 1846, 8a. — Report of Commlaalonen on PnJecta for cita.
bilahlng Railway Termini within the MetropoUa, 1846, l8a.~R«port
of Committee on Condition of Hallway Lahonrera, 1846, 3*.- ReirarU
ofCommitt«eonRailwayActaEnaotmenta,l846,7*.6d.— Correfpoiut.
ence reapeetlng Conatruotlon of BallwMr* in the Oolontea, 1841, 3<.—
Beporta of Commi**loner* on Financial Condition of Railway Com-
panlea, with Index, 1847, 7*. 6ii.~Annnal ReporU of the Commit-
alonen of Rallwaya, 1848-50, 9a.— Return of Railway Amalgamation*,
1848, S*. 6d. —Report of Comml**lonen reipectlng Railway Com-
mnnleatlon between London and Birmingham, IB4H, BOi.- Report*
of Lord*' Committee on Audit of Railway Acoouuta, 1849, 6i.~.
Return* of the Share Capital, Loana, Raoeipta, Itc. of each Railway
Company, 1849-50, 19*.— Report of Commwlonen on Application
of Iron to Railway Btructurea, 1849, 30a. [
EviDBKOB BBroKB LoBDa' CoMMiTTBia rcUUva to tha folloMnr
Rallwaya:- Birmingham, 1833, 13*.— Brighton, 1836, tl*.— Chehao-
ham and Orcat Weitam, 1836, 7a. 6d.— Cheater and Birkenhead,
1837, 10a. 6d.— Ctercnoe, 1839, 10*.— Coleorton, 1833, 1*. 6d.— Direct
Ixmdon and Portamouth, 1845, 4*. 6d.— Dublin and Drogheda, 1836,
3*. 6d.— Edinburgh and Olaagow, 1838, 14*.— Fumea* ; Cheater and
Holyhead; London, Brighton, and South Ooaat; and London and
South WaaUm, 1848, 4*. 6d.— Olaigow and Ayr, 1837, 7*.— Great
We*tero. 1885, SI*. 6d.— Hull and Belby, 1836, 3a. 6d.— Irish Great
Weatern, 1845, 3a. 6d.— London Grand Junction, 1886, 6s.— Man-
chester and Cheshire, 1836, 6*.— North Walaa, 1849, 8d.— Oxford
and Great Weatern, 1837-38, 13a.— Southampton, 1835, 15a.— Taff
Vale, 1836, 3a.— Warrington and Newton, 1831, I*. 6d.
EviDBNCx BBrokB CoHMON*' CoMMiTTEB* relative to tha following
Railway*: -Birmingham, 1839, I*.— Blackwall, 1836-39, S«*.6d.-
Brlghton, 1836, 34* Cheltenham, 1843, 1*.— Cheiter and Holyhead,
1847, lOd.— Clarence, 1843, 1*.— Croydon and Epeom, 1844, 3s. 6d.—
Dublin and Drogheda, 1836, Sa. 6d.— Eaatem Oountie*, 1S49, la. 6d.
— Erf'.-.uiirgh and Perth, 1847, 1*.— Olaagow, 1846, 1*. Od. — Irlah
Great Western, 1846, 3a. 6d.— Liverpool and Manohciter, 1835, IB*.
— Manche*ter and Birmingham Extenalon, 1839, 13*.— North Kent,
1846, 15a.— Oxford and Rugby, and Oxford, Worceiter, and Wolver-
hampton, 1845, 6*.— South-Eaatem, 1836, 14a.
BarboorOa 9aoka« and Vlon.— Reporta, Eridencc, and
Paper* relating to the following Harboura, Itc. :— Birkenhead, 1844,
9*.- Bridlington, 1837, 3*.-Cork, 1849-50, I*. 4d.— Dover, I83ii,3*.;
1847, 3*. 6d. ; 1848, 5s.— Edinburgh and Leith, 1835, St.— Oravtaend,
1833, 6a. 6d.— Harbours of Refiige, 1845, 4*.; 1850, la. 8d.— HttrUe-
pool, 1850,4*. 6d.— Holyhead and Port Dynllaen, 1844-47, ISa. 9d.—
Hull, 1840, 3*. 6d. — Kingstown, 1844, 3s. — Leith and Newhaven,
1835-36, 6s. i 1847, Is. 6d.— Limerick, 1834, Is. 6d.— Liverpool, l)i!», la.
— Mllford Haven, 1837, 4*. 6d. — Newhaven, 1847, is.- Plymouth,
1846, Is.— PartofLondan,l803,30*.; 1836, 7*. 6d.— Portland, 1847, 2i.
Portland Hoada, 1836, 3s. 6d.— Ramagato and Margate. IH.t0, 3a.—
Sunderiand, 18.13, 5a.— Sutton Pool, 1847, I*. 6d.— Tidal Harbour*
Commiulon, 1845-47, SI*.— Trinity (North I«lth), 1835-36, 7a. 6d.—
Weatern of Ireland, 1834, Sa.
Canals and MTavtvationa.- ReporU and Papers relating
to the following Canala, «fc. s~Caledoiiian, 1803-50, 3S«. ; 1839-42,
3s. 6d.-Dublln and Kingstown,' 1833, 3a.— Ennll, 1849, S*.-Lo<u|h
Erne and Shannon, I84.t, Sa. — Medway, 1836, 7a. 6d. — Norlolk
Extuary, 1849, la. 3(1 Norwich and Lowestoft, 'i826, Sa.6d.— Parrett,
IH36, 3s. 6d.— Severn, 1848-49, 6s.— Shannon, 1831, S*. 6d. ; 1833-33,
lis.; 1834. Is. i 1836-39,30*.; 1848, Is. 6d. „, ^
BrldBWa— ReporU relating to the following Bridge* :— Black-
friar*, 1836, 1*. Cd.— London, \i20-i\, S*.; 1829, 13*.— Henai, 1819,
la. 6d.— Weatmlnster, 1844, 3*. ; 1846, 6*. ; I85<l, I*. Sd.
Turnpike BoadS.— ReporU of Committee*, 1806-11, I6t.i
1819- S3, 5a.; 1833, Ss ; 1836, I*. 6d. ; 1839, I* —Report of Commi*-
sloners, 1840, 6s. -Income and Expenditure of Trusts, 1824, 8s.;
1833, 3j. 6d. ; 1830 50, I8s. 6d.— Reports relathig to the followlDj
Roads: - Highland, 1804-31, 18*.; 1833-50, I Is. 6d. — Holyhead,
1810-33, 31*.; 18S0-30, 5*.; 1834-50, IS*. 6d.— Liverpool, 1*39, *«.—
Metnpoll*, 1835-50, IS*.-Soutt> Wale*, 1844, St.— TuiDplke Botdt
in Itvland, I8S6-BI, St, «d.i 1838, It. Od.
1861.1
LITERATURE.
17
J. BIGO AND SONS' LIST OF PARLIAMENTAR7 REPOBTS-continued.
Oommarolal B«tattoaa with rarclgB Btatrnk—
Tnttlei or Commtree in foroe batwMn tha Dniltd Kingdom uid
Fortlxn 8t«t«i, with their CuMomi' Ttritlt, wid CommeroM Repi-
Utloni. S3 pkiti, Ift4l-M, V. I6i.— Bowring'a Re|)orti,on Commerce
oTKgrpt.Mid Candla, U40, la.; Fnuioe, IB34-U, 6t,\ ItiUy, IH3T,
ti.6(l.| Pniaiwi Commanslal Union, 1840, 3i. 6d. i SwItnrUnd,
1136, li.M.1 ■rrl% 1340, It. 6d. — Haegragav'i Raport on Com-
■•rcUl Rtatlitlea of SloUy, 1840, li.
rorslVB AAUra>— Papcri and Correapondanea ratelWa to
jUhbaniitan, I84S, 4t. 6d Amarlea (Boundar; Quaitlon), 1338-43,
lli.— Belgium, I88S, 9a.-Chlna, 1340, 3|.— Franca (Public AceounU
on.l33l-n,Sa.->-Oraaoa, 1330, 14a.. I389,8t.6d.i 1836,38.) IH43-44,
li. 9d. I ISM, «a. 6d.— OwaUor, 1844, 2a.— Haytl, 1829. la. fid.— luljr,
1349, l3t.-I.aTailt, 1341, 14a.— Naplaa, tSIl^ U. Od.— Netherlanb,
IU3-39, 6a. 6d.— New Oranftda, I8ST, la. . m, 1834, 3a.— Penla.
1341, It.— Portandlo, 1843, 3a.— PorU .. .aSb, It. Od. i 1831, fit. t
1347, 4t.6d.— Punjab, 1849, 6a.— Quarantine Ragulatloni, 1843, 4t. 6d.
gleily and Naplat, 1849, 9a:— BInde, 1848 44. 6a.— Spain, 1839, 2a. i
IS47, li.6d.— Switaarland, 1848, 3a.— Sjria, I84S-4A. 6t. Od.— Turkey,
1840-44, tt.— Vienna Oongr«M, 1816, 9a.
■Iav0 Tn3d«a— Raporta of Protaetora of 8U«at In the Colonlet,
I8!I9-3I| 9t.— Correapondence with Brltlih Commlmlonera and with
Vorelgn Powera, 1831-49, 61. At.— Report of Committee on Extinction
of8Urer]r, 1832, 6a.— Fapari explanatory of QoTemmant Heaauret
for Abolition of 8l»*ary, 1833-38, 28a.— Account of Money awarded
uCompentatlonfbr Slavea, 1838, la.— Traatleawlth Foreign Powen,
and Initructlona to Naval Offlcera, 1844, 6a.— Reporta of Commoin*
Committee on Extinction of Slave Trade, 1848-49, lOa. 6d.— Reporta
•fLordt' Committee on AfHean Slave Trade, U49-50, lit. 6d.
Xevaaaa* — Anmul Finance Accounta, containing detailed
Blatementa uf Public Income and Expenditure, ContoUdatad Fund,
Dtbt, Trade, Ac., 1802-30, il. St.— Marthaira DIgett of AecounU
relating to Revenuet, Financial Operation!, Commerce, Ac, of the
United Kingdom, 1833, lAt.— Tablea of Revenue, Population, Com-
merce, fco.,of tba United Klngdonj, flroni 1820 to 1848, 31. t9a.
Vopulatloili— Retumt of. In Great Britain, in 1801, Tt.t In
IBII, ft.) in 1821, Ti.i In 1831, 2lt.; in 1641, 18t.-In Ireland,
In 1891, 3a. Od. I In 1831, 3a. i in 1841, 9t.
Banktllft— Reporta on Raatrlotlon of Oath Paymentt, 1797,
6i. Od.— On Retumption of Caah Paymenta, 1819, 7i.— On Renewal
of Bank Charter, 1832, 6i.— On Joint Stock Bankt, 3 volt., 1836-38,
9t.— On Bankt l>r latue, 2 volt., 1840-41, lOt. 6d.— Un Circulation of
PromlMOnr Note*, 1826-27, At. 6d.
Soard of MeMth.— Reporti of the General Board of Health
on Quarantine, 1849, la.— On the Nuliancot' Removal and Public
Health Acta, 1849, lOd.— On Extramural Sepulture, I8A0, la. 6d.—
Co Metropolitan Workhouilea, 1830, 8d.— On the Supply of Water
to the MetropoUa, S volt., 18A0, 1 It.— On Cholera, 3 volt., I8A0, 6t.
rtaberles.— ReporU relative to the Uritlth Fitherlet, 1833,
It. fid. i 1846, It. 6d. ; 1849-30, 2i. 6d.— Irlih Fitherlet, 1820-30, lAt.;
1836,3t.6d.; 1843-46, At.; 1849,ga.— Salmon, I824-2A,6t.Gd.; 183G,7t.
Mlnea sntl Oolltertes.- Report of Midland Mining Com-
mlulon, 1843, 4t. 6d.— On Explotlon at Haawell Colliery, 184A, it. (
in Uarley Main Colliery, 1849, la.— On Gatet and Exploitoni in
Collleriet, 1847, 3t.6d.-On AccldenU in Coal MInet, 1849, t3t,—
On the Ventilation of Mlnea and Colliariet, 1830, 6t. 6d.
. uxeoDiJiAiraouB bubjbotb,.
Xeperts of OommoBB' oommltteeB on Aboriglnei
at Brltiih Settlementa, 1836-37, 9a.— Agricultural Dittreai, 1820-22,
At. 6d. ; 1833, 6a. ; 1836, 9e.— Agricultural Cuatomt, 1848, At. 6d.—
Army Expenditure, 1850, 14a. Ad. — Art-Untont, 184A, 4t. 6d.—
Artliant and Machinery, 1824, 6a.— Arte and Manulkcturca, I83A-36,
6a.-ABttralU (South'), 1841, 78. Cd.-BriUth Mutoum, 183A-36, lAt.
— BuUdlnga Regulation, 1842, Sa.- Ceylon and Britiah Guiana,
18t9-AO, lls.-Chimi Trade, 1840, 28 ; 1847, Aa.— Coal Trade, 1800,
St.; 1830, 68.;' 1836-38, At. 6d.— Commercial Dittresi, 1848, 12t.—
Contract Packet Service, 1849, 2t. 6d. — Copyright of Detigna,
1840, At.— Com, 1813-14, At. ; 1834, 6t.— Drunkenneaa, 1834, 4t. 6d.
-Eatt India AflUrt, 1810-18, 30a. ; 1830-31, 23t. ; 1832, 2{. I2t. 6d.—
But In^a Produce, 1840, 6t.— Education in England, 1816-18, 3t.t
1834-38, 6t.; In Ireland, 183A-38, 13t.— Emigration, 1826-37, 14i.—
Kxportatlun of Machinery, 1841, 4t.— Factoriea, 1816, 3a.| 1833, 68. (
1640-41, 7t. 6d.— Foreign Trade, 1820-24, 2li.— Friendly Societtea,
1823-27, 3t. 64. ; 1849, 3|.— Hand-lBom Waavert, 1834-8A, 8a.—
Health of Towna, 1840-42, Aa—Houaea of Parliament, 1831-AO, 14a.—
Import Dutiea, 1 840, 3a.— Inland Warehnuaing, 1840, 8a.— Joint- Stock
Companiea, 1844, 4t.— Klngttown and Holyhead MaUa, I8A0, la. 9d.
—Legal Education, 1846, 4t. 6d.— Lighthoutea, 1884, 7t. ; I84A, 8i.—
Mtdlioutei, 18IA-I6, 6t.— Manufacture!, Commerce, and Shipping,
1833, 7t> — Marina Inaurance, 1810, la. 6d. — Medical Education,
1834, St. — Medical Poor Relief, 1844, 9t. — Medical Regittration,
1847-48, St.— Merchant Law, 1823, 2a.— Merchant Seamen'a Fund,
1840 44,. 3a.— Metropolit Improvementa, 1836-41, 2At.— Metropolit
Police, 1812-22, ISa.; 1828, 4t.; 1833-34, 9t.i 1887 38, 4|. 6d —
Miscellaneoui Expenditure, 1848, lOs.— National Land Company,
IH4H, 3s. 6d.— NaUonal Gallery, 1S.M), It. 9d.— NaUonal MonumenU,
1841, It. Cd.— Navigation Lawt, 1847, 7a. 6d.— Navy Expenditure,
1848, I4i.— Negro Apprenticethip, 1836, 68.— New Zealand, 1840, 2t.;
1844, 9s,— Offlaial Salarlei. 18S0, 4t. fid. — Ordnance Expenditure,
1849, I2t. — Poor-Lawt in England, 1837-38, 28i.' fid.; 1844-4A,
St.; 1847, 7i.fid. In Ireland. 1830, 10t.6d.) 1849, 123.— Pottage,
1838, l.'ii.; 1843, 6a.— Postal Communication, 1890, 48.— Pritona in
England, 1819, 6i. ; ISAO, 98.— Public Libraries, 1849-50, Oa.— Public
.Reciirdi, 1800, 128. ;. 1836, ^t.—P.ubllo Workq, Ireland, 183A, 68.—
Royal Dublin Society, 1836, 3s. 6d.— Royal Mint, 1837, fit.— Sabbath,
1832, 2t. fid.— Savings of Working Uataea, 18A0, Is. 4d.— Savings
Banks, 1849-50, 6a.-Scbool8 of IXiaign, 1849, As.— Secondary Punish-
Saports of Oonmona' Oommltteoa— ran//nuAf.
menta, 1831-32, 3a. — Shipping, 1844, 2s. 6U. — Bhlpwrcckt, 18.16,
Tb. fid.) IH39, la. fid. I 1H43, I08.-Sllk Trade, IH32, Vs.- Snilthfluid
Market, 1828, 2s. Od. ; 1H47, 4a.; 1H40, 4t.— Nmuke Prevonllon, 1813,
4t. Gd— SUte of Ireland, 1810, 4t. fid.; IHi4-2A, 2As. ; 1832, fit.—
Steam Carrlagaa, 1831, It.; I834-3A, It.Gd.— btcamEnKincs, 1819-90,
St. — Steam Navigation, 1831, 28. — Sl<ram Navigatluii to Imht,
1834-37, 14s.— Steam Navy, 1849, 4t.— Sugar and CulTee Planting,
1848, 24t'. — Biftiday Trading, 1847, Is. lid ; 1850, 2s. — Survvy of
Ireland, 1824, 8a. 6d.— Tea Duties, 1834, Is. fid.— Thamea Kn)baiik-
ment, 1840, la. 6d. — Timber Duties, I83A, 4s. — Tobacco Trade,
1844, 78.— Townland Valuath>n of Ireland, 1844, 28.— Transporta-
tion, 1837-88, 13a— West Coaat of Africa, IH42, 14s.— West India
Malls, 1841, 2s.— West India Colonies, IH32, 3t.; 1842, 78.— Wooda
and ForetU, 1833-34, 4t.; 1848, I8t. 6d.; IS49, lOi.
Xaperta of Iiorda' Ooniaitteea mi Agriculture, 1837, 4t.
—Bankruptcy, 1848-49, At.— Burdent on Land, 184fi, 12t.— Chhnney
Sweepori, 1818, 6t. 6d. ; 1834, 7t. Od. ; 1840, 3i. fid.— Coal Trade,
1829-30, lit.— Colonliatlon from Ireland, 1847-48, 16s.— Commercial
Distress, 1848, Aa. fid.— Criminal Law, 1847, 7s.— Eatt India AlfUIrs,
MSO, 8s.— Education In Ireland. 1837, 128.— Factories, 1818-19, ISa.
Islington Market, 1835, 98.; Liveipool Corp<iratlou Waterworks,
1850, 38.— Lunatic Poor in Ireland, 1843, 6s.— Municipal Corpora-
tions, 1835, 7a. fid.— Navigation Laws, IH4H, lOa.— Now Zealand,
1838, 88.— Parochial Ataessmcnti, 1850, 48. 3d.— Poor-Lawa In Eng-
land, 1838, lOa. Od. ; In Ireland, 1841, 38. 6d. ; I84fi, lAa. ; 1849, 98.—
Prisons In EngUnd, 1819, As. ; 1835, 128.— Silk Manufacture, 1823, As.
—SUte of Ireland, 183U, 12b. — Weat India Colonies, 1832, ISa —
Wool Trade, 1828, 5a.
ILeporta of OommlaalOBers on Aberdeen University,
1838-3!), 3s. fid.— Army Punishments, I83fi, 4s.— Australia (South),
183fi-40, 38. fid.— Bankruptcy and Insolvency, 1840-41, fit.— Births,
Deaths, and MArrlages (KeglBtrar-General), I83!i-4U, 27b.— Bogain
Ireland, 1810-14, 2{. 28. — Boundaries of Counties and Uoroughs,
10 vola., 1882, 21. 8b — British Mnaeum, 1850, lUs. Cd I anada (Lord
Durham), 1839, fis.— Chancery, lH2fi, IDs. fid.— Charities, 44 vola.,
1818-42, in<. 10s.— Children's Eimikiymont In Minos and Manulkc-
torles, 1842, 3.''ia.— Common Law Courts, 1829-34, 308.— Communica-
tion with Ireland (Mr. Telfurd), 1800, 15b.— CjurU of Justice hi
England, 1810-24, lOs. fid.; In Scotland, 181fi--.<2, 148.; In IreUnd,
1817-31, V. 2s.— Criminal Law, 1834-45, 128. ; 1H45-49, 78.— Criminal
Law In the Channel Islands, 1847-48, 6a.-Dublln Curporatlon, 1840,
68.— East Indiun Law, 1841-48, 308.— Ecclesiastical Courts, 1832, fis.
-Ecclesiastical Revenues In England, IH35, ins. fid. ; In Ireland,
1833-37, lAs.- Education In Wales, 1847, lOs. ; In Ireland, 1825-27,
30b.; 1834-AO, 17s.-*. Emigration, 1840-50, lOs. — Episcopal and
Capitular Revenues, 1850, 3s. 3d.— Established Church, 1835-37, fia.
—Excise Inquiry 1833 3fi, Sla.fid.-FactorleB, 1833-34, 248.; 1834-49,
148.— Fine Arts, 1842-48, 2b. fid. — Framework Knitters, 1845, 88.—
Hand-loom Weavers, 1839-41, 13b. — Law Commission, Scotland,
1834-40, 108. — Local Actt (Admiralty Reportx), 1847-50, 14b. «
(Wooda and Forests), 1847-48, il. 138.— Local Taxation, 1843, 98.—
Lunacy, 1844-47, 7s. 6d. — Marriage, l)i48-.')0, 2s. 9d. — MetropoUa
Improvements, 1844-47, 30b. — Metropolis Health, 1847-48, fis.—
Military Inquiry, iSOfi-iC, 30a.— Municipal CorporatlonB, in England
and Wales, 1835-39, 388. fid.; in Scotland, l83A-3fi, i2s.; in Ireland,
I83A-36, 14s. — Municipal Corporation Boundaries, 1887, 22a. 6d.—
Navy (Civil Affairs), 1806-9, lOs.- Naval Inquiry, 180311, 258.—
Naval and Military Promotions, 1840, 4s.— Occupation of Land In
Ireland, 1845, 808.— Poor-Lawa in England, 1834, 31. 3s. ; 1835-48,
2/. 108. ; 1849-AO, 28. 3d. In Scothuid, 184.5, V/. 5s.; I847-.M), 98. In
Ireland, 1835-36, 2/. 8s.; 1848-50, .'ts. fid.— Poor-Law Boundaries hi
Ireland, ■ 1849-AO, 98. — Portland Prison, 18.50, 2s. fid. — Postage,
1835-38, Vs.— Prisons in England, 1836-49, 5/. lOs.; 1844-47, lOs. fid.
Ip Scotland, 1840-50, Ifis. fid. ; In Ireland, 1840-50, Us. fid.— Public
Instructten, Ireland,. 1835, 1.58.— Public Records of Great Britain,
1800-19,188.; 1837, 7b.; 184U-49, 3l8. Of Ireland, I8I0-2A, 3Ca.—
Public Works in Irelandi, 183350, 38s.— Real Property, 1829-33, 15a.
— Registration and Conveyancing, 18A0, 9s.~Religlou8 Instruction,
Scotland, 1837-38, 34s.-Revenue Inquiry, 1822-30, 31. 38.— Royal
Mint, I8<l9, 38.<-St. Andrew's University, 1845, 3s. fid.— Smithlield
Market, 18A0, 28. fid.— State of Large Towns, 1844-15, 24b.— Steam
Vessels' Accidents, (83V, 8s. 6d. — Universities of Scotland, 1831,
38. 6d.; 1837, ISa.— Woods and Forests. 1787-93, 351.; 1797-1809, Ss.|
1812-AO, 2/. Aa.
Vapem and Corresponaenob relative td Arctic Expe-
dition, I848-A0, 68. 6d.— Colonial Possessions (Reporta of Govemora);
I846-A0, 198.— Commercial Marine, 1848, 3s. fid,— Convict Discipline
and Transportation, I84T-A0, 1 Is.— Criminals, Returns lor England
and Wales, 183.5-50, .12s. ; for Scotland. 1837-50, 12s. fid.; and for
Ireland, 1846-.50, 5s.— Education (Idinutea of Committee of Council),
1840-48,258.; 1849-50, 12s.— Great Britain Steamer, 1847, la. fid.—
Iron VesselB, 1850, 2s. fid. — Mauritius, 1848-50, fis. 6d. — Natal,
1848-49, 48. 6d. — New Zealand, 184650, 14s. fid. — Sugar-growhig
Colonies, I84S, 10s.— West Indies, 1839-50, H. 12s. fid.
V Any Report in this litl will be forwarded to any purt qf tha
United Kingdom upon the receipt «S a Poll-office Order ipayahle at
Charing Crois)for the marked price.— The postage for Parliamenlary
Faper$ ii at the reduced rate (tfOne Penny for each Four Ounces in
weight, and can be paid on the delivery of the document*. — /^ i'< par-
Ucularly rrquetted thai all orders from abroad may be accompemiei
by a reference to a London home for payment.
Catalorae of Varllamentary Beporta,— A Cata-
LooDE of allthe Impobtamt PAauAiiEMTAaT BEroBTa and Pafxi*
printed by ord^r of the Hodses of Lords and Commons (complete 'to
the present time) hos'just been publishes by J. Bioo' and SoKt, and
may be bad on application at 53, Paeliahent Stxeet, or a copy
wUl be fbrwarded by post, on the receipt of two poetagp stamfc.
C [150
18
OFFICIAL ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE ADVERTISEl?.
[1861.
KNIGHTS COFTBIGHT SHUJINO VOLUMES
FOR ALL READERS.
6 Tob.
iTOl.
ITOI.
4 volt.
Lord Brodoiiam'b SrATcsiicN or nw Time or
Okobob III
Lord Brouobaii'* Dialoouu on iMtriNCT .
Lord Brouoiiam's TReAnsci on tiie Objects,
Pleasures, and Advantages or Science, and on
FouTicAL Science
Lord Broiioiiam's Edition or Pausy's Natural
TllEOUMV
Sir C.Bell's Dissertations on Natdrai. Tbeoumv,
and Treatise on Animal Mechanics . .
Sir John Davis's Chinese. New edition . . 3 vols.
Sir John Davis's Skbtchss or China. New edition 1 vol.
Lord Ncoent's Lands Classical and Sacred.
Second edition 9 Tols.
Miss Martineau's Feats on the Fiord. New edit 1 vol.
Miss Martineau's Billow and the Rock : • New
Talb .1 vol.
Mrs. Jameson's Lives or Painters . • .3 vols.
KNiain's Volume or Varieties . . . .1 vol.
Knioht's RtsutTS or Machinert, and CAPrrAL and
Laboub ........ 1 vol.
Lamb's Tales rROM SHAurERB, with Scenes selected
by C. Knight • . 3 vols.
Tasso's Recovbrt or Jerusalem, translated by
Fairfax ; with Lives of Tasso and Faibeax by
C. Knight 2 vols.
Mind amongst the Spindles, a selection from the
Lowell Offering ; with Introduction by C. KNioirr 1 vol.
Memoirs or a Working Man ; with Preface by C.
Knight 1 vol.
The Food or Man. By Dr. Lankester. A new
edition 2 vols.
History or Literature and Learning in England,
with Specimens of the Principal Writers. By
G. L. CnAiK, A.M 6 vob.
The Lost Senses — Deafticss and Blindness. By Dr.
Krrro 2 vols.
Popular CDn<oM3 and Recollections or Italt.
By C. Mac Farlane 1 vol.
Lane's Arabian Tales and Anecdotes. Selected
from the Arabian Nights . . . . .1 \iA.
Bird ARCiirrEcrcRE 1 vol.
Miscellanies 2 vols.
CuRiosrriES or Phtsical Geografbt. By W.
. Wrrricu , , 2 vols.
Moltere, Racime, and the French Classical
Drama. By Mad. Blak de Burt , . .2 vols.
The Cid. By G. Dennis 1 vol.
4'nE Spanish Drama. By G. H. Lewes . .1 vol.
LiPE or Gresiiam, the Founder of the Royal Ex-
change. By C. Mac Farlane . . . . 1 vol.
Old England Novelets : — The Camp of Refuge —
The Dutch in the Modway— A Legend of Reading
Abbey. By C. Mac Farlane . . . .4 vols.
Knight's Lire or Caxton, the first English Printer 1 vol.
Rambles bt Rivers. By James Trorne. — The
Avon, 1 vol.— The Duddon ; the Mole ; the Aran
and Wey ; the Lea ; the Dove, 1 vol.— The Thamea,
2 Tola. . » 4 vols.
Romance or Travel. By C. Mac Farlane . i 9toIi,
Flowers and their Associations; and The Field,
Garden, Ic Woodland. By Misi Pratt. 1 vol. each 2 vola
Lira or Napoleon Bohapartb. By A. Vibusseux . 3 voli.
Thb Industry or the Rhine, Agriculture . . \
• Manufactures. By T. |a vols.
C. Baniield. 1 vol. each . . . ,J
The Backwoods or Canada. A new edition. By
a Lady 1 vol.
Oregon Territory. By the Rev. C. O. Nicolay . 1 vol.
BioGRArmcAL History or Ancient and Modern
PinLosorBY. By G. H. Lewes . . .4 voli,
The MANurACTURES or Great Britain. ByG. Dodd 6 voli,
Insect ARcnrrECTURE. By James Rennie, A.SL . 2 voli.
Da. SouTiiwooD SMrm's Philosophy or Hkaitii.
New edition 4 vols.
The Cabinet PoRTRArr Gallery or BarnsH Wor-
TiHES. 73 Steel Portraits . . . .12 voti,
The Cabinet IIisnroBY or Eholamd. By C. Mao
Farlane , 2CtoIi.
Settlers and Convicti 2 voli.
Female Examples or the PuRsurr or Knowledge
under DimcuiyriES 2 vola
Planchb's BarriBH Costume , • . .3 voli.
Wornum's History or Painting . . . . 2 voli.
PflorESSOR Long's Civil Wars or Rome. Select
Lives from Plutarch 5 vols.
The Elephant, the Horse, an 'TBE Dog — the three
Friends of Man. By C. Knight and W. Martin 3 voIl
Spenser and bis Poetry. By G. L. Craik, A.M. . 3 voli.
Bacon and bu Writings. By G. L. Craik, A.M. 3 voli.
History or British Commerce. ByG.L.CRAiK,A.M. 3 voli.
The Englishwoman in Egytt. By Mrs. Poole . 3 voli.
The Pursuit or Knowledge under Dimcui/riES.
New edition. By G. L. Craik, A.M. . . 3 voli.
Lane's Modebn Egyptians. A new edition . . 3 vols.
Chaucer— Pictures of English Life from Chaucer
— Canterbury Tales from Chaucer. By John
Saunders 3 vols,
Historical Parallels. By A. Malkin, A.M. New
edition 3 voli.
Sketches inNatcbal History — Mammalia, 600
Woodcuts 6 voli.
Secret Societies or the Middle Ages . . .2 voli.
A Visrr to the Western Coast or Norway. By
W. WimcH 1 vol,
Paris : its Historical Buildings and its Revolutions.
New edition, continued to the present time . . 3 voli.
PavsicALGEOGBAPBY or THE Holy Land. By John
Kitto, D.D., F.8.A 2 voli.
PoMPEU : its Destraction and Re-Discovery. New
ediUon. SOOWoodcuU 2 voli.
HuDiBRAs, and other Worlcs of Samuel Butler.
Edited by A. Ramsay 1 vol.
The Book op Table-Talk. By several Contri-
butors • . 2 vols.
Sketch op the History op Monkeys. 100 Woodcuts 1 vol.
Popular Tumuuts ; illustrative of the Evils of Social
Ignorance . . . . . t . 1 vol
C. cox, 12, KING WILLIAM STREET, STRAND.
1861.]
LITERATURE.
la
PICTORIAL WORKS
ORIGINALLY PUBLISHED BY C. KNIGHT, AND NOW SOLD BY
C. cox, 12, KING WILLIAM STREET, STRAND.
KXHIDITION OF 1851.— INSTRUCTIVE COMPANION.
PICTOBIAL OALLERT OF ABTS.
The Volume of " THS UaBFUIj ABTS," complete, with 1670 XNOBAVINOB, elej/mllu bound in chlh,
price 16>. 6c/,
•< •FHB FINX ABTS," eki/antfy bound in cloth, price \6t. ARcitiTrxTTuni!— Sculftubb— and the Hifroar or
Paimtiho, by RALrn N. Wobmcm, with 16M) Engraving!.
S.
With 4000 WOODOUTS, tn 27 ShUllug Parti, or 34(. M. in 2 handiome volumet, cloth,
THE PICTOBIAL MUSEUM OF ANIMATED NATUBE.
The reader, at the very smallest price, is put in possession of, by far, the most extensive collection that has
over been produced, of pictorial represcntaiions of all the important quadrupeds, birds, fishes, reptiles, and
insects which fill the earth ; with a corresponding description of the animal, its stracture, its habits, its localities,
its use ; not given in a dry and repulsive mrm, but with that simplicity which may furnish just conceptions to all,
but especially to the young, of the wonders and beauties of God s creation.
S.
With 1600 WOODOITTS and 18 COLOUBBD TiLAFB, forming a SCaiPTUBE ATLAS; price 20i. m PoWt,
or tn handsome cloth 24*.,
THE PICTORIAL SUNDAT-BOOK.
Bt JOHN KITTO, D.D., F.S.A., Editor or the Fictobiai. Biblb.
The publication now submitted to Christian families is intended to present, at the very cheapest rate, a series
f Engravings illustrative of the Bible History, the Prophecies, the Psalms, the Life of Our Saviour, and the
'. ots of his Apostles ; exhibiting the Scenes of the groat Events recorded in Scripture, the Customs of the Jews,
the Natural History of the Holy Land, and the Antiquities which throw a light upon the Sacred Writings,
with a body of Scriptural Narrative and Explanation, continuing from number to number; each number forming,
as it is judged, a fitting portion for a Sunday's leisure.
THE SCRIPTURE ATLAS, with the Geoorapiit of the Holt Lamd, is sold separately,
price 7«. sewed, or 9$. cloth,
4.
A piotoriaij companion and key to every history of enoland
With 8000 WOODCUTS and 24 COLOURED KN'ORAVINaS, pric-i 36«. m Twenty-four Part$, or
2 handsome Volumes, cloth, 21, bs.,
OLD ENGLAND.
A PICTORIAL MUSEUM OF NATIONAL ANTIQUITIES.
This Work opens to all ranks, at the cheapest rate, a view of the beoal, ecclksiastical, babontai,, munn
ciPAL, and POPVLAB ANTIQUITIES of England, given in a chronological order ; and thuti the Work is a Companion
and a Key to every English History. The Engravings embrace the most remarkable o!' our buildings from the
earliest times — Dhuiuical Remaiks, Cathedbals, Aubeys, Chubciies, CoiiLEGES, Castles, Civic Halu,
Mansions, Sepulchbai. Monuments of our Princes and Nobles ; Portraits of British Worthies, and reprc<
sentations of localities associated with their Names ; ancient Pictures and Illuminations of Historical Events ;
the Great Seals and Arms of the Monarchy ; Coins and Medals ; Autographs ; with 'he fullest Pictorial indi-
cations of the Indubtbt, the Abts, the Spobtb, the Dbesses, and the Daily Lux of ihe People.
Price 18i. in Parts, or\l. 2s, 6d. in handsome cloth,
OLD ENGLAND'S WORTHIES.
A Gallery of 72 Portraits on Steel, and 12 Splendid Illuminated Engravings of some remarkable place or
monument associated with the Life of some one of " OLD ENGLAND'S WORTHIES," arranged in a
chronological order, thus enabling the reader to become familiar with the greatest names of hit countrymen,
in illustrative succession.
OS
20
OFFICIAL ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE ADVERTISED.
[1881.
BOOKS published by JOHN W. PARKER and SON, West Strand, London.
Principles of rolili'nl Economy.
11/ .1. 8TU1RT Mill. Hue. hiU ':Uttlun. Twu
Vulumot. Uctavu. 3Ui.
System of Lopfic. By the snmo
Aullinr. Tlilnl aiiil Chcapvr EJItlon, Two
Vuluiiieii. Uctavu, K;
Discourse on the Studies of the
lliitvernUy of CMribrlilRO. Ily Adam Bedu>
wii'K.M.A., Wiiwlwanllan Pnifuiwor. Klfth
Ktlllloii. With l>rvllii)ln«ry Uluortatlon
■11(1 Hupploiiiviit. (770 p*goi.) I'Ja.
On tlic Indiiencc of Autiiority in
Mftllen nr Opinion. Hy (1. CuKNKWAlL
Liwii, M.P. OoUvo. lOt. 6(1.
History of the Whig Ministry of
I m. Hy J. AkTiiiiii KiiEniirK, M.f.
Villi. I. ft II.— to the I'auliig uf the Kafurin
Hill. UoUvu.
Histories of Normandy and of Eng-
Unii. liy Sir FiANOia PALniAVE. Vol. I.
OcMTo.
Elements of Logic. BvR.Wuatet.y,
U.U., Arohliliihup of Duiilin. With all tho
Aulhur'H Adilitluiii. Hinsll Uotavu, 4>. ChI.
Library Kdlllon, lOi. Cd.
Elements of Ilhctoric. By tho same
Author. With all tho Author's Additloni.
Small Octavo, 4a. 6d. Library Edition,
10a. 6d.
Introductory Lectures on Political
Kconumy. hy i he aame Author, 8a.
History of tho Inductive Sciences.
By \V. WUCWELL, U.U., F.n.S., Maator
of Trinity Cullego, Cambridge. Second
Edition, reviled. T*- . Vol*. £2 'it.
Philosophy of the Inductive Sciences.
By the aame Author. Scrand Edition,
revlaed. Two Volumoa. Octavo. 30a.
Indications of the Creator — Thcolo-
gli'nl Kxtracta fnim tho llislory and the
I'hlloKophy uf tho Inductive Sclencea. Ilv
the aame Author. Second Edition. 6a. Gd,
Elements of Morality, including
Polity. By the aame Author. Second ana
Cheaper Edition. Two Volumes. 15a.
History of the Iloyal Society, com-
piled from Original Authentic Documents.
By C. H. Weld, Asaistant-Socrclary oftlie
Koyal Society. Two Volumea. Octavo. SOs.
Lectures on the Principles and
Practice of Phynic. By T. Watson, M.l).
Third Edition. Two Volumoa. Octavo. 34a.
Cycle of Celestial Ohjects, By
CaptainW. H.H.mttu, R.N.,l'Mt.8.,Foreign
Socrutftry oftlie Koyol Society. Two Vols.
. 1. Prolegomena; II. T.io Bedford Cata-
logue, Octavo, with Illustratlona. £i 2s.
Manual of Chemistry. By "VV. T.
BaAMDE, K.R.8., Professor of Chomlstry In
the Koyal Institution Sixth Edition, much
Enlarged, and Embodying all Becent Ula-
corerlea. Two large Volumea. £i 5a.
"Principles of Mcchpnism. By R.
Willis, M.A., F.R. 8., Professor of I^tural
FbUnauphy, Cambridge. ISa.
Mechanics applied to the Arts. By
H. MoaELET, M.A., F.8., one of Her
M^Jeaty's Inapectora of Schools. 6s. Cd.
Lectures on Astronomy. By the
aame Author. Third Edition. 6a. 6d.
Elements of Meteorology. By the
late Professor Daniell. With flalea.
Two Voluoui. Ucuvo. >U> .
Gout, Chronic Itlicuinatism, and In-
Hammatliin nf the Joint*. By Kovket
BiMTLET Tuoo, M.l)., F.U.a. Ta. lid.
Physiological Anatomy and I'liy-
alology of Man. By Dr. Tonnaiid W, How-
MAN, F.H.M. With nuinvroua llluatratluna.
Part HI., 7a. Volume I., 15a.
Connexion of Natural and Divine
Truth. By Baden Powell, M. A., F.H.8.,
I'rofeasor of Ueomelry, Oxford. Ua.
Undulatory Tiicory a.s applied to tho
Dlspertloii of Light. Ily tliu same Author.
Octavo. Willi a coloured Chart of the
Prlsmatlo Spectra. Da.
The Philosophy of Living. By Hkr-
BEKT Mato, Si. D., formerly Surgeon to the
MIdiilcaex lluapKal. Third and Cheaper
Edition, with Addltlona. 6s.
Management of tho Organs of Di-
gestion In Health and In Dlseaae. By the
aame Author, Second Edition. 6a, Gd.
Minerals and their U.ses. By J. R.
Jackson, F.K.S. With coloured Krontla-
picce. 7a. Gd.
Lectures on Dental Physiology and
Surgery. By J. Tomes, F.'K.S., Su'nieun.
Dentist to the Middlesex Hospital. Octavo.
With 100 Uluatiatlons. 13a.
Instructions in the Use and Manage-
ment of Artlfleial Teeth, By the same
Author. With lUuatratlons, Sa. Gd.
Practical Geology and Mineralogy,
and the Chemistry of Metals. By Joshua
Tbiumer, F.O.S. Octavo, with Two Hun-
dred Illustratlona. 12a.
Practical Chemistry for Farmers and
Landowner*. By the aame Author, &a.
Practical Geodesy, comprising Chain
Surveying, tho Use of .Surveying Instru-
ments, Levelling, Trigonometrioal, Mining,
and Muritiiiiu Surveying. By Butler
Williams, C.E. New Edition, with
Chapters on Estate, Parochial, and Hall-
road Surveying. With Illustratlona. 12s. Cd.
Manual for Teaching Model-Draw-
ing; with a Popular View of Persiiectlve.
By the same Author. (Under tho Sanction
of the Cuininittee of Council on Eduvatiun.)
Octavo, with shaded Engravings. 15a.
Instructions in Drawing. Abridged
trom the above. 3a.
Chemistry of the Crystal Palace : a
Popular Account of t^ie Chemical Pro.
ftertiea of the Chief Matcriala Eniployod
n Ita Construction. By T. UHirriTiia,
Professor of Chemistry In St. Bartholo-
mew's Hospital.
Chemistry of the foiir Ancient Ele-
ments, by the aame Author. With nume-
rous lUuatratlons. Second Edition. 4s. Gd,
Recreations in Chemistry. By the
aaniu Author. Second Edltlim, with nume-
rous Illustratlona, much Enlarged. 59.
Recreations in Physical Geography ;
or, the Earth as It" la. By Mias R. M,
Zua^'LIN. Third Edition. Ca.
World of Waters; or, Recreations
in Hydrology. By the Eame Author.
Second Edition. Ga,
Recreations in Geology. By the
same Author, Secon 1 Edition, 4a. Gd,
Young Italy, By A. Baillie Cocii-
KANE, M.P. Post 8vo. 10a. Gd.
Wales: The Social, Moral, and Re-
ligious Condition of tho People, considered
especially with reference to Education. By
Sir TuoMA* PuiLLir*. Octavo. 14s.
•- J
Memoir of Edward Copicston, ]).!),,
Illahop of l.landair, with Meleulluns iVun
his Diary and Curreapoiidvneo, he, ||y h,
J. CorksaTuN, M.A., Hector uf Croinliuli.
Sciiiller's Complete I'ocins, iiiclml.
Ing ail his early Buppn-Kscd Pieces, lngi'tlin
witli the Poems Inliixliieeil In his Drttiimlln
Works, alteinpti'il In English. Ily liuui*
ALfBEU BowsiNO.
Corrcspondcnco of Sir Isaac Ncwtdu
and Profeasiir Cotes, and other tinpiililla|ii.||
Lettera and Papers of Newten. Eillivd,
with Hynuplii'ai View of Newton's Lifi, li;
J. KOLESTiiN, M.A., Fel. Trin. Col. Cuii.
bridge. With Portrait. Octavo. lUi.
Shimvrccks of the Royal Navy. Com.
uited prliicl|inily friini Oinclnl lloi'iiiiipjita
Inthe Ailiiilralty. liy William O.H.(i,i.u.
With a Preface by W. S. tiii.L», Dii,,
Canon of Durham. Second Edition. 7h,IiiI.
The Saint's Tragedy; the true Story
of Elisabeth of Hungary, llyO. KiNasi,i:v,
Hector of Eversley. With Preface, I,;
Profeaaor Maurici, Cheaper Edltiun.
Yeast ; a Problem, Reprinted, witli
Addltlona and Alteratluna, fVoni Fratcr't
Magaxine. Ua,
The Professor's Wife: a Tale from
the Uorinan of Auerbach. 3a. lid.
Chance andCiioieo: or, the Education
of Clrcumatancca. Two Tales:— I. T\u)
Young Ciovernesa.— II, Claudino do 8o-
llgny, 7a. (id.
Anschar: a Story of the Nurtk By
Richard Joun Kino. 7a.
Brampton Rectory, or, the Lcssoa
of Life. Second Edition. 8a. Gd.
Compton Mcrivalc: another Lciif
<Vom the Leaaon of Life. Hy tho Author
of Brampton Heclory. 8a. Gd.
John Stcrlir^'s Essays and Talcs.
Kdlted, with a Sketch of the Author's I.lfc,
by Archdeacon Hake. Two volumea, wUh
Portrait, 'ils.
The City of God; a Vision of the
Past, the Present, and the Future. Uy
E. BUDOE, Rector of Bratton. Ha. (id.
Chronicles of the Seasons; or, Ibe
Progresa of the Year : being a Course uf
Daily Instruction and Aiiiiiseiiient,!ieii.'i.'U'ii
fiHim the Popular Dotaila of tlio Natural
History, Science, Art, .Antiquitii's, ami
Biography of our Father-land. In Fuiir
Books, 3s. Gd, each.
Travels in the Track of the Ten
Thousand Greeks; a Uengrnpliieul and
Descriptive Account of the Expedition d
Cyrus, 08 related by Xenophon. Ily W. K.
AiNswoKTii, F.R.U.S. 7s. Cd.
The Holy City; Historical, Topo-
graphical, and Antiquarian Nuticcii of
Jerusalem. By O. Williams, II. D., Fellow
of King's College, Cambridge. Secuiul
Edition, with numerous Illustrations aiul
Additions, and a Plan of Jerusalem, frcm
the Ordnance Survey, Two large Voluniw.
je2 5a.
%* The Plan is published aepa'ateiy, with a
Memoir, Ua. ; or Mounted on Rollers, lUs.
History of the Holy Sepulchre. By
Professor WiiLia. Reprinted from Wil-
liams's Holy City. With Illustrations. 9s.
Notes on German Churclies. By W,
Whewell, D.U., Master of Trinity College,
Cambridge. Third Edition. 12a.
Handbook for New Zealand. Kccont
Information, complied fur tho Uto of In-
tending Colonists, tia,
[1 22
ISEH.
[1851.
1881.]
LITERATURE.
t Strand, London.
Ed word Coploiton, ]).l).,
■.UiiiUir, Willi Ni'lvulliini frofli
111 ('•irrvi|iuiiiU'iu'u,|lic, ||y ^^
UN, M.A., Ueoliir of t'ruiniiiiii.
Somiilete Poems, iiiflud.
•rlyiiipin-CKMil Plervi, ItiKi.ti,,.,
Willi liiiii»liicvi| In III* llruiiiailii
'iii|iti'd III KiiglUh. IW liuu.,
WKIHO.
eiico of Sir Isaac Ncwtun
mC<)te«, iiiil ollioi'uiipiihli,!,,,,)
il l'uiHii'« of Nuwton. Killtcd
II' 111 Vlow of NfWlOll'n Mfi liy
M.A., Ktl. Tiiii. Cul. I'nii,.
mil-
lUi.
Uli I'ortralt. Ootnu.
oftlin Royal Navy. Cm\.
I|iiilly fnini Oinclnl lluruinpnii
Inilly. iiy William O.M.diLLV
vlKe by W. ». (iiLn, D.ii,
iirhain, Heound Kilitlun, 7s,i„|.
Triiffedy; the true Sfory
loflliiiixary. Hy O. KiNaim,
Kverslcy, With Prifat-i', |,y
Uuiici, Che*p«r Kdltluii.
roblcm. Ilcprinted, with
mil AlleratloiK, ftuni f'raiir'i
IK.
isor's Wife: a Tnin from
1 of Auei-bach. 3i. lid.
ICiioico; or.thcEiiiiciitinn
tancci. Two Tnloa;— 1. 'nw
tonivu,— II. CUudliie do So.
jd.
i Story of the Nortli. By
>iiN Kino. 7f.
Rectory, or, the Lesson
icond Edition. 8a. Gd.
Merivaie: anotlicr Leaf
.es«on of Lifo. By tho Aullior
n Rectory. 8s. fid,
Iro-'s Essays and Talcs.
>1 a Skotcli uf the Author'* Life,
icon IUke. Two voluiui'i, with
III.
)f God J a Vision of the
Present, and the Future. U;
Kector uf Urattun. Hs. Ijd.
of tiic Seasons; or, tbe
' the Year : being a Cuiinc of
iction and Aniuxenient, wlcoU'il
'upulur Uotails of the Natural
:lence. Art, Antliiiiitlcs, and
uf our Father-land. In Four
d, each,
the Track of tlic Ten
Greclcs; a <longrnpliical nnii
Account of the KxpnUtiun of
lated by Xenophon. lly W. F.
, F.K.U.S. 78. fid.
City; Historical, Topo-
und Antiquarian Nnticca of
HyO. Williams, R.D., Fellow
College, Canibiidxe. Sccoiul
:h numerous lilustrntiuns anil
nd a Plan of Jerusalem, frcm
:e Survey. Two large Voluniw.
is published sepa<-ately, with s
; or Mounted on Rollers, lUi.
^he Holy Sepulchre. By
'iLLis. Reprinted from Wil-
City. With Illustrations. 99.
irman Churches. liyW,
.D., Matter of Trinity Cullegc,
Third Kdition. 12s.
3r New Zcahmd. Kccont
compiled for Clio Uto of lU'
Dists. til,
[1 22
View of the Art of Colontatton.
My K. (liiiaoN WAiiriiin. Octaro. 12s.
Ciinimentarv "» the Cuneiform Iii-
M^rlptl m« i>^ Italiyliinla and Auyrla. lly
I.lsul.-Culonel Rawlinsiin. (lotsvo. 3s.
Ariinilinoi Cami, dive Mnsarum Ciin-
tahriHlrnsliini I.usiis Cannrl, milleglt ntiiii*
eiliillt ilRVRlcua DsukT, M.A, Third
Killlion. \1*. <«
The N^w Cratylus; Contriluitions
liiw'irils a mnro Aeoiira a Knowledge r.f
thiMlreik Language. lly.l.W. Diikalipsoh,
l>ll., Ili'iul Maator nf King F.ilwurd tbii
NIxih's Mi-hiMil, llury Ht. Kilmiiii<Is. Hecoiid
Killllun, Octavo, much enlargeil. IMs.
Affnmrmnon of iHschyliis, the Text,
with a Translation Into Kngllfih Verso, and
Notes, lly .1. Coiiiniiton, M.A., Follow of
ITnlTerstty College, Oxford, Ti. Od.
.ffischylus translated into Enfflish
Ven'e. With Nntoa, l.lfn nf .'Ktehylii*, anil a
Dltonurse on (I reek Tragedy, lly .1. Hti< A kt
lllAi-Kii, Professor of Latin in Marlschal
Cullego, Aberdeen. Two Volumes. IGs,
rhirdrus, Lysis, and Protafforas of
Plato. Traiislateil by J. WaioiiT, .M.A.,
Master of Sutton Coldflold School. 4s. fid,
llnmnrio Ballads: tho Text, with
Metrical Translations and Notes. Djr tha
late Dr. Maoinn. fis.
Tacitus, the Comyiletc Works, with
a rnmmentary. Life of Tncllus, Imlices,
anil Notes. Killtod by Profeswr Hitteb,
of llonn. Four Volumes, Octavo. 'i8s.
Aristophanis Comncdino Vndccim,
cum Notis «t Indico lllstorice, odiilit
IlvBiaTvs A. HoLDRy, A.M. Cull. Trin.
Cant. Soclus. Octavo. 18s.
Aulularia andMenncchniei of Plautus,
with Notes by J. IIiLnvARD, II. D., Fellow
of Christ's Coll., Camb. 7s. Cd. each.
Antigone of Soplioeles, in Greek and
Kngllsh, with Notes, lly J. W. Donaldson,
U.U., Head Master of Uury School, Oi.
Pindar's Epinician Odes, and tho
Fragments of his Lost (Compositions, re-
viseil and explained; with copious Note)
and Indices. Dy Ur, Donaldson. 16s.
Becker's Gallus ; or, Roman Scenes
of the Time of Augustus, with Notes and
Kxcursus. Translated by F. Metcalfe,
M.A. Second Edition. 12s.
Becker's Charieles ; or, Illustrations
of the Private Life nf the Ancient Greeks.
Translated by F. Metcalfe, M.A. 12s.
Speeches of Demosthenes, ajrainst
Apliohus and Onetor, Translated, wtth Ex-
Slaiiatory Notes, by C. Rann Kennedt,
I.A., Fellow of Trin. Coll., Camb, Os.
Cambridge Greek and Enj^lish Tes-
tament, fMlted by J, ScuuLEFiELD, M.A.,
Professor of Greek in the UnWeraltT.
Third Edition. 7s. 6d.
Sacred Latin Poetry; with Notes
and Introduction. By R. C. TiiENrii,
11.1). 7s. ; or i4s. bound in antique calf.
New Hebrew Lexicon. Hebrew
and English, a, ranged according to the
jiermanent letters in encli word. English
and Hebrew. With a Hebrew Grammar,
Vucabulary, and Analysis of the Uook of
Genesis. Also, a Chaldee Grammar, Lexi-
con, and Analysis of the Old Testament.
llyT. JABBETf.M.A., Professor of Arabic,
Cambridge. Octavo, aia.
Guide to the Hebrew St ident. By
M. II. ll«a<i«Bi>, Tuai.'liaruriIubr«w,Cain>
bridge. Ills. lid.
The I'milms in IFrbrew, with Critical,
F.tegetleal, and Philiiloglral Coinineiilary.
lly (1. PiiiM.irs, II. I>., Fi'llnw and Tutor
of (liieen's Collogo, Caiiihrlilge. Two
Volumes. 3is.
By
lOs.
Elemriits of Syrian Oramnnr.
(1. Phillips, II. I>. Second F.dltion.
Practical Arabic Grammar.
Duncan HriWAaT. Octavo. Ills.
History of the Christian (!liurcli,
lly the lain I'mfoisair lliiaroN. iifOtfurd.
Kiglith and Cheaper Kdl'lun. As.
Outlines of Sacred History. Twelfth
and Cheaper Edition. 2s. lid.
History of the Church of England.
lly T.'VowLKii Hiiiinr, D.D., IllHliop uf Ht.
Asaph. Fifth Edition. Oetavo. His.
Rurnet's History of tliii Ilcforma-
tlon, abridged, hiilteil, with Adilllloni,
by (1, R. (^iiaiiiK.II D., Norrlslaii Pniresinr
of Divinity, ami .Master of Juuus College,
Cainbrlitge. Ills. lid.
History of the Enirlish Reformation.
lly F. C. MASSiNiiiieaD, M.A., Rector of
South Ormsliy, Second Edition, lis.
History of Popery; the Origin,
Growth, and Progress of the Paiial Power i
Its Political Intluence, and Elfucta on tho
Progress of Civilisation. Os. 6d.
The Anglo-Saxon Churjh, its His-
tory, Hcvenii m, and (lonural Tharacter.
lly II. HiitHES, M *.., Chaiicellur of Ht.
Paul's Cutliedral. Third Kdltlon. lOs.Ud.
Elizabethan Religious History. By
the same Author. Octavo. IGa.
Ullmnim's Gregory of Nazianzum,
A Contrlbulion to the Rcolesiastlcal His-
tory of the Fourth Century. Translated
by G. V. Cox, M.A. 6s.
Neander's .Tulian the Apostate and
his Generation; an Historical Picture.
Translatedby G. V. Cox, M.A. as. 6d.
Dah.imann's Life of Herodotus,
drawn out fTom his Book. With Notes.
Translated by 'i. V. Cox, M.A. As.
Student's Manual of Ancient His-
tory, lly W. CooeeTailob, LL.D. Fifth
Edition. IDs. 6d.
Student's Manual of Modem History.
By the same Author. Fifth Edition, will:
Now Supplementary Chapter. IDs. Gd.
Historyof Mohammedanism. Cheaper
Edition. By tbe same Author. 4s.
Crusaders ; Scenes, Events, and Cha-
racters from the Times of tho Crusades.
By T. Keioiitlet. 7s.
Historical Sketch of tho British
Army. By G. R. Gleio, M.A., Chaplain
General to the Forces. 3s. fid.
Family History of England. By
tlie same Author. With numerous Illus-
trations. Three Volumes. 6s. fid. each.
School History of England, abridged
fVom Gletg's Family History of England;
with copious Chronology, List of Contem-
porary SoTurcigns, and Uuostions. Cs.
Familiar History of Birds. By E.
Stanlet, D.D.. Bishop of Norwich. FiRh
Edition, with numerous Illustrations, fis.
Lives of Eminent Christians. By
H. B. Hone, M.A., Archdeacon of Wor-
cester. New Edition. Four Volumei.
49. Gd. each.
Bishop Jeremy Tn/lor; his iVeiln-
en^oirs, ('iintainpnr.riws, and Niiei'iiiMors.
lly Rev. R. A. Wiumrrr. Kecuiid Kdllloii.
As.
Lives of Eiiijiidi Sitered Poets. Bf
the saini* Autliir. Two Volt. 4i. Sd. each.
Notes on tlm Para'iles. By IL
CiirNsvix TarMrH, II I). Ksam'iiinc
rhuphiiii to the Lord lllslinp of Otfurd.
Fourth Kdlllim. Outavo. Tis.
Notes on tho Miracles. Ry tho
same Author. Third Editlun. 12s.
Literature of the Chiireh of Eng-
land, rxhiliiteil in N|ieclinnns of the Writ-
ings uf Einliient IHvliina, with Memoir*
of their I.Ives, and Hkvtrlie* of the Tliiiea
in wliliih tliey lived, lly |(. CATTsaMuLi,
II.U. Two Volumes. Outavo. 2.ta,
Essay.s on I'eeuliaritics of tho Chris-
tian Religion. llyR.WiiATi'.i.v.D.I)., Arch<
blshiip of Dublin. Cheaper Edition. Ts.lid.
Es^ on I )iineultics in the Writings
of.. Apiistle Paul. By I i same Author,
Cheaper Edition. Hs.
Essays on tho Errors of Romanism
having their Origin In Human Nalur*.
Cheaper Kdition. lly the same Author.
7s. lid.
Essays on Hangers to Christ iaii Faith
•Vom the Teaching or tho Cimduct of Ita
Professors, lly the samu Autlinr. lOs.
Mission of Mie Comforter. By J. 0.
Hari. MA., Arolidcaonn of Lewos.
Seouiid Edltiun. Octavo. 12s.
The Victory of Faith. By tho samo
Author. Second Edition, fis.
Parish Sermons, By tho samo
Authur. Two Series, Octavo. 13s. each.
The Church a Family: Sermons on
the Occasional Nervlco's of the i'rayer-
Book. By F. D. MtvaicE. .M.A., Professor
of Divinity in King's Cullego. 4s. fid.
The Pr.iyer Book; specially con-
sidered as a Proteotlun against Romanism.
By tlie samo Author. As. fid.
The Lord's i'ra.i'er. Nino Sermons.
By the same Author. Third Edition. 2s. fid.
The Religions of tho World, and
their Relations to Christianity. By tho
same Author. Cheaper Kdition. As.
L'-'ctures ou tho E[)istlo to tho
Hebrews ; with a Review of Newman's
Theory of Development. By the sains
Author. Octavo. Vs. fid.
Christmas Day, and other Sermons.
By the same Authur. Octavo. IDs. Gd.
Lectures on tho Characters of our
Lord's Apostles. By a Country Pastor.
3s. fid.
Lectures on the Scripture Revela-
tions respecting Good and Evil Angels. By
the same Authur. 3s. 64.
View of the Scripture Revelations
respecting a Future State. Sixth Edition.
By tiic same Author. As.
Twcnty-flvo Village Sermons. By
C. KiNosLRT, Jun., Hector of Eversley. As.
Churchman's Theologiea". Dictionary.
By R. Eden, M. A., Chaplaii to the Bishop
of Norwich. Second Edition. As.
Statutes relating to the Ecclesiasti-
cal and Eloemnsyimry Institutions nf Eng-
land, Wales, Ireland, India, and the Colo-
nies; with Decisions. By A. J. Stei-iiems,
M.A., F.H.S. Two large Voliunes, witii
copious Indices, £Z 3s.
Published by JOHN W. PARKER & SON, West Strand, London.
[l230
Sfd
OFFICIAL ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE ADVERTISER.
[1851.
STANDABD FBEKCH SCHOOL -BOOKS,
BY THE I^TE M. DE BOUILLON.
1. /GRAMMATICAL INSTITUTES OF THE
VT FRENCH LANGUAGE ; or, the Teacher's
French Assistant: containing a Series of Iheoretical, I'rac-
tical, and Progressive Lessons, in which every difficulty is
explained, either in Notes at the end of eacli Exercise, or
by References to preceding Rules. 8th Edition, Qs. half-
))ound. — Key to the same, 3':
apXERCISES ON FRENCH CON VERSA-
XU TION ; or, a Selection of English Sentences to be
translated into French ; and in which the difference of the
Idioms, Genius, and Phraseology of the French and English
Languages may be readily distinguished. 6th Edit. I8mo.
3>. 6af, half-bound. — Key to the same, 2«.
a rpHE TOURIST'S FRENCH COMPANION;
A or, Familiar Conversations on every subject which
can be useful to the Continental Traveller or the French
Student in gen«ral. 13th Edit. 18mo. 4s. 6d.
♦,* The sale of more than 30,000 copies of this work
strongly attests its value. The sentences are expressed in
elegant language, and, in order to facilitate the pronuncia-
tion, the tiUnt tetters are printed in italics.
London: Lonoman and Co.; Hamilton and Co.: Simp-
kin, Marshall, and Co. ; WmrrAKEK and Co. ; W. Allan ;
and AvLCTr and Jones. Norwich : Ciias. Muskeit. And all
Booksellers. [i \^^
TTNCLE TOVS FICTOKIAL KAOAZINE, MontUy.
Price Twopence. With numerous Illustrations hy Gilks.
THE LITTLE CHILD'S PICTORIAL MAG-
AZINE : edited by Uncle Tom.—" Is bo cheap that it
may have a place in every house ; and so good that it can-
not have a place anywhere without conferring benefit."—
Liverpool Tunes.
London : Kent and Co., Paternoster-row. [i Vh
FOREIGN BOOK DEPOT, 50, BURLINGTON.
.. ARCADE. — F. HORNCASTLE receives all new
Foreign Books as soon as out ; has always on hand the best
French, German, Spanish, and Italian Works of oil descrip-
tions, and executes all orders from the Continent at the rate
of a sliilling per franc. Maps, Guide-books, &c.— Five
languages spoken. U 4
THE HAKDliOOK
€ij tl)p Cmintii Cmirts,
Price 3». ; bound in cloth, with Coloured District Map, As. 6rf,
By D. E. COLOMBINE, Solicitor, 87, St. Martin's-laiic,
and 3 (a), John-street, Brompton. [i 114
Published by Simpkin, Marshall, ond Co., Stationers'-court.
NEWSPAPER FOR THE • FARMING AND GARDENING INTEREST.
Every Saturday is published, price Sixpence,free by Post, each Volume complete in itself.
Enlarged to Twenty-four Folio Pages,
THE GABDENERS' CHRONICLE i
AORIGULTUEAL GAZETTE;
A Weekly Record of Rural Economy and General News.
THE HORTICULTURAL PART EDITED BY PROFESSOR LINDLEY
THE FABMINO PABT (under the Editorship of a practical FanuM) treats of—
TTie Practice of Agriculture
.Agricultural Science
Animal ami Vegetable Physiology
Improvements in Implements, described
by Woodcuts wltenerer requisite
Setter modes of Husbandry
Results of Experimental Farming
Growth and Itotation of Crops
Management of Stock
Veterinary Science
Drainage
Irrigation
Foresting
Roml-mahing
Farm-Buildings
Labourers
Treatment of Poultry
Agrictdtural Publications
In short, whatever affects the beneficial employment of capital in land.
Keporta are regularly given of the English, Scotch, and Irish Agricultural Societies and Farmers' Clubs— London Marltct
Prices of Corn, Hoy, Cattle, Seeds, Hops, Potatoes, Wool, Coal, Timber, Bark, &c., and the Weekly Averoges.
AS BE0AKD8 THE OABDENINO PABT (under the Editorship of Dr. Lindley), the principle is to make it a noeklv
record of everything thot bears upon Horticulture, Floriculture, Arboricidture, or Garden Botany, and sucli Natural
History as has a relation to Gardening, with Notices and Criticisms of all Works on such subjects. Connected ^vitb this
part are
■WEEKLY CALENDARS OF GARDENING OPERATIONS,
given in detail, and adapted to t\w objects of persons in every station of life ; so that the Cottager, with 0 few rods of
ground before his door, the Amateur wlio has only o (Jrccnliouse, and the Manager of extensive Gardens, nre nliko
informed of the routine of Operations which the varying seasons render necessary. It moreover contains Reports of
Horticultural Exhibitions mid ProcccdiJigs— Notices of Novelties and Improvements — in fact, everytliing thot can tend to
advance the Profession, bcuifit the condition of the Workman, or conduce to the pleasure of his Emplo, :r. Woodcuts aro
given whenever the matter treated of requires that mode of illustration.
BEPLIES TO QUESTIONS connected with the object of the Paper are also furnished weekly.
Lastly, that description of DOHESTIC AND POLITICAL NEWS is introduced which is usually found in a Weekly
Newspoper. It is unnecessary to dwell on this head further thon to soy, thot the Proprietors do not ronjic themsolvcs
under the banners of any Party; their earnest endeavours ore to moke The (iardgners' Chronicle and Aanicti.TL'iui.
Gazette a full and comprehensive Hucord of I\icts only— a Newspaper in the true sense of the word— leaving the Reader
to form his own opinions : their objectbcing the elucidation of the laws of Nature, not of Man. The reader is thus
fumiBhc<l, IN ADDITION TO THE FECITLIAS FEATUBES OF THE JOUENAL, with such information concerning the
events of the day as supersedes the necessity of his providing himself with any other Weekly Paper,
A Prospectu.o, Wmi List of CoNTiiiuuTORS, may bo bud on application, or by letter, at the Office, 5, Upper Wcllinpi™
Street, Covent Garden, London. [< '''
1851.J
LITERATURE— MUSIC-ART.
23
'atehnoster-row. [i 194
INTEREST.
MEDICAL WORKS LATELY PUBLISHED.—
1. On Neuralgic, Rheumatic, and otlier PainfUl Dis-
eases. 2. On Headache. 3. On Cancer, 4. On Indigeation.
5. On Stricture of the Urethra. 6. On the present state of
Therapeuticai Inquiry.— By JAMES ABN(J'n, M.D., for-
merly Superintending Surgeon (Hon. East India Company's
Service) at St. Helena. John Churchill, 46, Prince' s-stieet,
Solio. [i 256
Preparing for publication, in 1 Vol. 6vo.
ESSAYS on the ECONOMY of SOCIETY ; more
particularly on the Causes, Prevention, and Punish-
ment of Crimes — on Medical Police, and Disorders of the
Public Health arising from Superstition and Misgovern-
ment — and on the Management and Uesults of Institutions
for Education and for the Poor. By Bisset Hawkins, M.D.
Oxon., F.B.S., late Inspector of Prisons, and Commissioner
of Lunacy. [i 231
i NEW and CHEAPER EDITION of Mr.
A WEAVER'S HINTS on COTTAGE ARCHITEC-
TURE for AGRICULTURAL LABOURERS. Demy 4to.,
cloth, price 15s.
Copy of a Letter from the Duke of Itichmond.
" I beg to return you my I>e8t thanks for your work on Cottage Ar-
cliitecture.a publication which in my opinion waa much re4uird, and
which doea you very great credit."
" We heartily commend the work to the notice of the powerful and
influential claaa to the me of which it ia more especially directed." —
Honing Chronicle.
London: Henrv Pope, 22, Budge-voui; and hy order of all
SooAMlleri. [i 247
NOW READY, and sent free by post (only),
from 63, Lower Kennincton-lane, in exchange for
eight pool-paid stamp; "THE FIRST FRUITS OF THE
NATIONAL EXHIBITION EXPOSED." By William
Radlev, Cu. E. — Theae ditclosurta will amuse, surprise, attd
astound, [i 188
MOZART'S " DAVIDDE PENITENTE ;" adap-
tation to the Psalms by R. Andrews, as performed
at the Norwich Festival, 1847 ; complete vocal score, full
music size, 7s. 6d. The only complete edition published.
London : R. Adoisoh and Co., and Riisr and Stahl,
Kegent-street. [i 22
BIRXET OX PAhTIKG.
A TREATISE on PAINTING.— In Four Parts.
A. Illustrated by 130 Etchings and Woodcuts from cele-
brated pictures. By John Burnet, F.R.S. 4to., 41. 10s.
cloth. The Parts may be had separately : —
1. On the Education of the Eye. 1/. 5s.
2. On Composition. Sixth edition, 15*.
3. On Light and Shade. Sixth edition, 18*.
4. On Colour. Fifth edition, 1{. lis. 6d.
3. and J. Leiohton, 40, Brewer-street, Golden-square, [i 251
Just publistied,
A MAGNIFICENT PRINT OF
THE CRUCIFIXION, after the celebrated
Painting of PETER PAUL RUBENS, at Antwerp;
with a richly carved imitation Oak Frnmo, from the Ori-
ginal in the possession of John Falshaw Pawson, Esq.,
of Littleberries, Mill-hill.
Proofs £1 11 6
Prints 110
London : Ackerman and Co., Strand; and T. M. Inchbold,
13, Paternoster-row. [i 224
A BALLOON VIEW of LONDON in 1851;
A. Size, 42 by 'i.'i in. (embracing 8 Square Miles), showing
all the Railway Stations ; the Great Exhibition ; Rotunda
for WyWs Great Globe; all tlie Public Buildings, Squares,
Streets, &c., with the names etu/raved thereon. To be had
wholesale of Banks and Co., Publishers, 4, Little Qneen-
strect, Uolborn ; or of Harcourt Quincey, 82, Hatton-gar-
den, Ayentfor'the Suj^ly to Merchants anil Shippers. [i 259
ADAMS'S BRITISH and FOREIGN NEWS-
J\ PAPER and GENERAL ADVERTISING OFFICE,
9, Parlia.mbnt-street, West.minster.— Orders and Adver-
tisements received for every Newspaper published. London
and Provincial Papers filed. Newspapers supplied in Town
at the earliest hour, and regularly forwarded to the Country
•ad every part of the Globe.— Papers lout to read. [i 258
Completa Conne of FBENCH INBTRVOTION, in Ono VoL
DELILLE'S FRENCH GRAMMAR, Eighth
Edition : with Engravings showing tho position of the
mouth for the French sounds, an Etymological Index, Vo-
cabularies, Exercises, Reading Lessons, anil a method of
Tuition and Examination. I2mo., 5«. Od. — Key to the
Exercises of Delille's (irammar, 3s.
Whittaker and Co., Ave-Maria-lane, Iiondon, [i 61
Just published, in Sro.,pricii One Shilling,
ENGLISHMEN INTRODUCED to tlie FREE
CHURCH of SCOTLAND. By tho Rev. David
C. A. AONEW.
London: James Nishet and Co., 21, Berners-st. ; from
whom may be had other pamphlets by the same Author.[i 189
WORKS Bv PROFESSOR ANSTED, m.a., r.R.s., r.o.8.,&c.
Second clition, post 8ro., \0s6d., with 14'J Illustrationt,
THE ANCIENT WORLD. An Account of tho
Races of .^ limals and Vegetables that have firom time
to time inhabited our earth.
■* Tliia is a very instructive and interesting book, licaiing amule
testimony to the knowledge and to the Judgment of its author.^ —
Examiner.
In post 8ro., with 234 Illustrations, price I3«.,
AN ELEMENTARY COURSE of GEOLOGY,
MINERALOGY, and PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY.
" Amongst the numbers who have written succowAilly on Geolqgy
in this rountry the works of none take a liigher position than tliose of
Professor Ansted. No writer lias more clearly and ubly set out its
great fkcts and principles."— /lf/i«<i»iini, Oct. \», 18)0,
And, infcap. 8im., price 3». 6</.,
HE GOLD-SEEKER'S MANUAL.
T
John Van Voorst, 1, Paternoster-row. [i 117
To Tourists {
BLACK'S GUIDE-BOOKS
& TRAVELLING MAPS.
" They should find a comer in the portmanteau of etery person abmil
to undertake a journey of pleamre or iusineai eillier in Dngland and
Wales, or Scolland."—lo\iii Bill.
Price lOs. (!d., a Nzw Edition, greatly enlnrgcd, of
B lack's Piotnresqne Toniiat, and Road and Railway
GUIDE-BOOK tlirough ENGLAND and WALES, cnntnininn 101
Routes, and 2C M iips anil CImrts, besides Views of the Scenery. I'lie Index
contains upwiu'ds of 5U<X) Names, witli tlie Inns in all tliu Towns and
Villages. The Volume is tersely written, closely printed, and portable.
Price 10s. Od, a Tniau Edition (800 pp.), enlarged, of
Guide to the Highland! and Iilands of Scotland, inclnd<
iiig ORKNEY and ZETLAND, with Directions for visiting the
Lowlands, Tables of Distances, Nntirca of Inns, and other luformution.
By GEORGE and PETER ANDERSON of luvcrncss.
Price 8s. fid., an Eiqiitm Edition of
Blaek'a Fiotnreiqne Touriit of ScotliJia -HishlandB and
Lowlands— with 24 Maps, Plans, and Charts, uiid 50 Views of
Scenery and PubUc Buildings.
NEW EDmONS OF
Black's Oiiide to the English Lakes. 8s.
Black's Economical Tourist of Eootland. 3s. Sd.
Travelling Maps of England ft Scotland. 2s. 6d. each.
Black's County Maps of Scotland. Is. each.
Black's Uaps of North ft South Wales. Is. 6d. each.
Black's Tourist's Memorial of Scotland. Os.
Black's Iron Highways from London to Edinburgh ft
Glasgow; the one containing a Chart 64 inches
long, the other a Chart of 46 inches. Is. 6d each.
Black's General Atlas
OF THE WORLD-CORRECTED TO 1881.
With 61 Maps, and an Index of 68,000 Names. Folio, llulf Bound in
Morocco, Gilt I,caves, £!! : lOs.
Tlie work is in every respect accommodated to tho present advanced
state of geographical researcn ; and, whether on the ground of aeeuraey,
beauty of execution, or cheapness, the Publishers invite a couipariaoa
with any work of its class.
" We are now in possession of an 'Atlas' which comprehends every
discovery of which the present centnry can boast ; it ought at once to
supersede all other works of the kind, and no one, either in pursuit of
truth on his own account, or attempting to direct the inmiirics of others,
will lierealtcr have any excuse for going nstniy."— I nilei Seriict (lattltn
A. & C. Black, Edinburgh ; and all Booksellers.
[i207
24
OFFICIAL ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE ADVERTISER.
[1861.
NISSEN & PARKER,
STATIOi>IERS, ENGRAVERS, MD PRIi>iTERS,
43, MARK LANE,
Corner of Great Towernitreet, London.
CHEMICALLY I'KEPAllKl) I'APKtt FOR DANK CHEQUES.
NISSEN AND PARKER solicit inspection of their
Printing for Bank Cii£<iUES on terms considerably
lower than usually otferod by the trade. Tlie enormous
f trices that have been kept up by the London houses have
ong bficn an objection in establishments where the con-
eumptiou of Cheiiuos and Credit Letters is extensive.
The 1'aper for Dank Cheques prepared by Missen and
Pauker has proved to be the most effectual ever discovered
for prevention of alteration by acids or alkalis; and during
the past four or five years upwarils of Six Millions of titese
Chctiues have been supplied.
Cheques, on tinted paper (secure from any altera-
tion by tlte application qfacii/s), per ream of 4800,
including all charges for engraving, &o 21. 15«,
[Bound in slip books hi. each, and numbered consecutively
at a small additional charge.]
CONTRACTS ON A REDUCED SCALE FOR PUBLIC COMPANIES.
Specimens and Designs free to all parts of the Kingdom,
[copy.]
I have carefully examined, by appropriate Chemical Tests,
the Paper for Bankers' Che(|ucs prepared by Messrs. N ISSEN
and PARKKR, and I think it to be well adapted to pre-
.vent the Writing upon them from being altered or effaced
without leaving such traces as to insure detection.
(Signed) Andrew Ure, M.D., F.R.S.
London: 13, Chorlotte-street, Bedford-square,
Oct. 10, ld4G. [i 41
Price Fourpence of any Bookseller, permanattfy enlarged to
twenty-four large ito. pages,
rrilE ATIIENiEUM Journal of Literature, Science,
J. and Art (Stamped to go free by post, 5rf.), contains : Ki>.
VIEWS, with copious extracts, of every important New English
Book, and of the more important Foreign Works. Reports
of the Proceedings of the Learned and Scientific Societies,
with Abstracts of all Papers of Interest. Authentic Ac-
counts of all Scientific Voyages and Expeditions. CRrri-
ciSMS ON Art, with Critical Notices of Exnibitions, Picture
Collections, new Prints, &c. Foheion Correspondence on
Subjects connected with Literature, Science, and Art.
Music AND Drama, including Reports on the Opera, Con-
certs, Tlicatres, New Music, &c. Biographical Notices of
Men distinguished in Literature, Science, and Art. Ori-
ginal Papers and Poems. Miscellanea, including ali that
is likely to interest the informed and intelligent.
The ATH EN.XIJM is so conducted that the reader, how-
ever far distant, is, in respect to Literature, Science, anil
the Arts, on an equality in point of information with the
bc8t-infonnc<i circles of the Metropolis,
The Atiikn^kum is published every Saturday, but it
rc-issued each Month stitched in tt wrapper. [i 49
Now piiblbhed, price 3j. 6d. cloth boardt,
HE PALACE OF FANTASY.
By J. T. Hardy.
SMrrn, Elder, and Co., 6!>, Cornhill. [i 150
OTICES OF SEPULCHRAL MONUMENTS
IN ENGLISH CHURCHES, from the Norman Pe-
riod to the present time ; with numcnius IlliiRtrations, prica
.3s. 6</. By W. Hastings Kelke, Rector of Drayton Beau-
champ.
London : C. Cox, 12, Kino William-street, Strand.
" Such a Mtnniil as Mr. Koike's in most useful," — Tli» Britannia.
"This book, we ncod not say, has considerable value." — TlieClimch
and State Oazette.
" Iteplete with interest ; we may, in fact, call it a multum in psmi of
monumental lore." — I.eicftler Jiiurnal.
" A very interesting work, evincing considerable research."— n«
Church <f England Magazine. U 159
T
t
DISSOLVING VIEWS.
amusement and iNsntocrioN by mkanb of
GABFENTEB & WESTLET'S
I improved
PHMTASMGORIA LANTERIVS,
wrra TUB
CHROMATROPE AND DISSOLVING VIEWS,
,' AND EVERT POSSIBLE VARIETY OF BUDEBS,
i
\ IMCLUDINO
Katural History, Comic, Lever, Moveable and Plain,
Astronomical, Views ir the Holy Land,
Bcriptural, Portraits, ftc.
No. 1 Lantern, with Argand-Lamp, in a Box, 2/, 12«. 6(f.
No. 2 ditto, of a larger size, 4/. 14<. Gri,
A pair of Dissolving-View Lantcrai, No. 2, with Apparatus,
flf. U(.
Thg Lamp for the No. 2 I/intem* is very superior. ( Tht price o/
(Ae Lantern* is without Sliders.}
Public attention is caliod to the superiority of the Puintinps executed for the Lanterns. A pair of !?ic most
IMPROVED LANTERNS, with Specimens of the Paintings, may be seen in the Gbbat Exhibitiok.
Paintings of any size or subject painted to order.
Lists of the Sliders and Prices upon application to the Manufacturers, Messrs. CARPENTER 8t WESTLEV,
Opticians, 24) Rcgcut-stroct, Waterloo-placo, London. L'f*
1851.]
ART— LITERATURE.
2S
•, permanaafy mlargtd to
iby.pageif
1 of Literature, Science,
K poit, 5</.),oontaini : Ki>.
iry important Now Engliih
Foreign Works. Ucpoirn
1 and Soientifio Societies,
Interest. Authemtic Ac-
oud Kxpeditions. Criti-
es of Exhibitions, Picture
lEHiN Correspondence on
ature, Science, and Art
ports on the Opera, ConI
BioaRAPnicAL Notices of
Science, and Art. Uri-
LLANBA, including ali that
knd intelligent,
cted that the reader, how.
Literature, Science, and
t of information with the
polls,
every Saturday, but is
wrapper. [, 49
dd. cloth boanlt,
F FANTASY.
RDV.
., 6i>, Cornhill. [i 150
RAL MONUMKNTS
S, from the Normnn Pc-
mcrous Illuntratinns, price
Uector of Drayton llcau-
LLIAM-STREET, StRAND.
1st useful."— r/(« Britnnia.
lidenble value."— TAe Climek
let, call it a mii/(iim in pun,' of
considerable research."— n«
[1 1,59
IN BT MEANS OF
ITESTLET'S
lOLVING VIEWS,
?rif OP SUDEK),
in a Box, 2/. I2«. fit/.
6a.
.1, No. 2, with Apparatus,
y imperior. ( Thi price of
! SliJeri.)
I. A pair of tlic moat
(BKAT Exhibition.
EK k WESTLEY,
J
JUST rUBLISIIED,
Tfiird Edition, Price Twelve Shillings,
SPECIMENS
ECCENTRIC
CIRCULAR TURNING,
WITH
PRACTICAL INSTRUCTIONS
FOR
PRODUCING COURESPONDING PIECES IN THE ART.
Illustrated by Copper-plate Engravings, and Cuts referring to and
explaining the different Figures to be executed.
By JOHN HOLT IBBETSON, Esq.
WITH CONSIDERABLE ADDITIONS,
Including a Description and Cijjper-plate Knrfrni'inys of the roMPOL'Ni)
JCccentric CImck constructed liy the Author, and used by
him in the execution of his Sjiecimens,
- XONDON:
LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, AND LONGMANS;
SIMPKliJ AND MARSHALL.
li 145
26
OFFICIAL ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE ADVERTISER.
[1851.
ENORAYINGS at EDWARD LUMLET'S, 56, Ghanoery-lane, London.
Ascot Racrs, Iteturn, very large. HciioEBgON. Finely
mlourtd, 7(.
Ki-soM Haces. Tollard. Ci plates, eleaanttif coloured, l!t*.
Grand Stands, Horses and Kulers. I^ttersall. 4 platei,
elegantly coloured. Via.
Ptao Huntino. 4 large highly coloured plates. Turner. 10».
Steeple CiivVsc: for 1000 guineas. Alken. Highly coloured, !if.
CoAciiiNO, Horses off, no Coachman. „ A pair, coloured, 8».
Snow Stoh.'H, Scenes of Distress. 4 coloured plates, 3*. 6d.
Iloi'N08, Queen's, at Ascot. LiirAs 1«.
Shetland Pony, also Dog. 2farourite specimens, cold., 3s. 6d.
Bull Fuiiit, Spanish, by I.ewm. Highly coloured, I'm.
Whale Fishery, North Seas. Exiiuisitely coloured, !5».
„ ., Southern Seas. A pair,, finely coloured, Ss.
Burmese War, with Descriptions. 'H plates, coloured, \bs.
Prochis Sloop attacking Gun-Boats, Javo. Coloured, .3».
Mad.xuascak, War Steamer, on Fire. Elegantly coloured, 58.
Prince Geokue, in Hurricane. Coloured, 3s.
Bentinck, Steamer, and Aden. Huuqins. Coloured.is.
BERKNicE,WarShip,and Bombay Harbour, „ „ 4«.
CL.VRENCE, Steamer, leaving Blackwall, „ „ 4«.
Clyde, in Hurricane, off Natal, „ „ 4«.
Columbus, Halifax Steamer, stiff breeze, „ „ 4«.
CowES, and Lonl Yarborough's Yocht „ „ 4».
Demkrara, George Town, Bark Ca!sar, &c. „ „ is.
Dundee, Steamers, &c., very large view, „ „ 6s.
Edinburgh, Launch of, Blackwall, &c. „ „ 5s.
Folkestone, Sandgate, and Ship Mi'lbournc, „ „ 4».
Gravesend, with Ship of War,./lt«p, ,, „ 5».
1Iamburuh,Caledonia,Neftu'ne, Steamers „ „ 5«.
Harwich, with Shipping, „ „ 4x.
St. Helena, very fine view „ „ 5s.
IIindostan, and other Steamers; also
SOUTIIAMITON, „ „ 4s.
Leitii, Monarch, Steamers, and Edinburgh, „ „ 4s.
Madeira, Bay of Funchal, fine view, „ „ 4s.
Mal,kcca, PuIo, Penang, Vessels, &c. „ „ 4s.
Malta and Vessels, verv fine, „ „ 4».
China, Lintin, Opium Snips, &c. Brilliantly coloured, 4s.
„ Wbampoa, Junk, Itivers, fine scenery. Exquisitely
coloured, 6s.
(See also Catalogue
CO .ONIAI- VIEWS.— Cape Coa»t Castle, Alooa Bay,
Gil,viiam's Town, Port Eli/.ahetii, Table B.vy, Hohaht
Town, Sydney, Montue^vi., Lake and Fort Erie, Siekka
Leone, ike. Very fine, and highly coloured. 4s. cacti.
FoussiN. Holy Fomily, engraved by Anuebtoni, very fine, 7j,
Uapilael. Madonna. Say. 4s.
CoRREtKiio. Marriage of St. Catherine, 4t.
Kembranot. Burgomasters. Houston. 4f.
WiLKiE. Errand Boy. Uaimbach. 4«.
Vernet. Storm at Sea. Woollett. 4*.
Parker. Grace D-.rling and Survivors in Longstone Light-
house. Lewis. 5s.
Cakracci, Annibal. Dead Christ and Maries, 4s.
Calcott. Benevolent Cottagers. Scott. 2s.
Teniers. Temptation of St. Anthony. Sullivan. 4».
Stothard. Blue Coat School Annual Oration, Ul portraits, 4i.
Weiuall. Death of Bccket, High Altar, &c., 4s.
Salvator Ros,v. Jacob's Dream. Kevnolds. 5s.
Vandyke. Time clipping Cupid's Wings. Ardell. 4j,
Westall. Girl at the Well. Charles Heath. 2s.
Claude. Sun Uising ; Sun Setting. Mason. A pair, -U.
Canaletti. Views, highly coloured, 4 plates, 2s.
Ueynolds, Sir Joshua. Holy Family. Sharps. 3s.
New College Chapel Window. Facius. ."Js.
Craig. My Boy among the Uoscs. Maile. Is.
St.vnfielo. Portsmouth and Chatham. A pair, 2s.
Cooi'EH, U. Stag, Koebiick, Deer. Sprints, 2s.
AHSAI.ON. Angler, Milk Maid, and Izaak Walton. Apair,ii.
M.iRTiN. Macbeth and Witches. Lupton. 3s.
Beeciiev. Hindoo Girl. Phillips. 4s.
Herring. Tumbourina, Italian Girl. Lewis. 2s.
Scott. Huguenot Family ; Massacre of St. Bartholomew, 3s.
Lane. Portrait Bishop Lincoln (/>r. A'ayt')- Hvan. 4s.
Prout. Chartros Cathedral. Splendid print. Euan. 4s.
Uouon Palais de Ju8tice,_/i»ie/y coloured, 4s.
Louvnin Hotel de Ville, „ „ 4s.
I'lm Cathe<lral, „ „ 4s.
Coney. Certosa of Pavia, superb building, 3s.
Cattbhmole. Westminster Abbey ; Interior — Exter or.
WooLNOTii. A pail, 6».
Malton. York Minfter. Splendid engraving. Landseer. 2s. M.
of Booh and Prints.) [i 263
ARTISTIC PRINTING ESTABLISHMENT,
19, Lamb's Conduit-street, London.— LEIGHTON
BUOTHEKS respectfully invite inspection of their nume-
rous and much-admired Works of Artistic Production in
Drawing and Printing in the various styles of their Art.
. FAC-SmiLES OF WATE&4I0I.0VS DBAWIKOS,
' (a style of Art of which they are the Inventors,)
LITHOUKAPHV, WOOD EKORAVINl}, WOODCUT ASD
BLOCK PRINTINIJ,
COMPRISING,
Portraiture (from life). Landscape, Figure, Architectural,
and .-Vnatomical Drawings ; Book Illustrations and Illumina-
tions ; Music Titles, Plans, &c. &c., from the highest per-
fection of Colour-printing to the ordinary modes of Tinted
and Plain.
LEiGirroN Brothers also lay themselves out for pro-
ducing Manufacturers' Pattern B<Miks, as in the ' Art
Journal ' of May (and the following months), and the various
other styles. [i 244
To Advertisers in the Mantifncturinff DistrictB.
THE MANCHESTER EXAMINER & TIMES
is one of the Provincial Journals of largest circula-
tion in t'<c kingdom, its average during the last year having
exceeded 8000. The days oi publication are Wcdn"sdny
and Saturday. The Examiner and Times, besides its Man-
chester circulation, is extensively read in all the chief towns
of Lancashire, &c.— viz. Stockport, Bolton, Kochdale, Old-
ham, Bury, Ashton. Stalcybridge, Wigan, Macclesfield, Pres-
ton, Warrington, Liverpool, Blackburn, Todmorden, Burn-
ley, Bradford, Halifax, lluddersfield, &c. &c.
Terms, Cash in Advance.
10 lines i— one insertion, 5/0; six insertions, 4/0 ; 12 insertions, 3/G
1» ,, >. «/«; .. 5/0 ; .. V
«i ,, •> 8/0; ,> 6/6: .. »/6
31 ,, ., ll/O; ,, 8/6; ,, 7/6
An intermediate or greater number of lines charged in
proportion. In estimating the number of lines, calculate
nine words to each line. All conunuiiications. Post Office
.orders, &c., to bo addressed to Alexander Ireland & Co.,
22, Market-street, Manchester. [i 233
E
CROYD SMITH'S DESIGNS for Ornamental
[li Floors, faithfully restored from the Antique, in beauti-
fully coloured Lithographs on the best paper, may be pro-
cured at No. 20, Old BoND-frrREET ; or of Sir. J. Ui.ssEi,t
SMmi, Publisher, 4, Old CoMi"T»)N-sTnEET, Soiio, Lomh)n.
For specimens, see Official (.'ntnlogue and Exhibition. [i211
WAX FLOWERS, by Mrs. TEMPLE, 46. Cox-
N.vuGirr Teurace, Hyde Park. The group cxliibitod
eontains a plant of the Amhcrstia Nobilis (one of the rarest
plants in Euroix?), 16 species of very choice Orchids, some
choice Climbers, and other exotic cultivated flowers, all
modelled from nature, botanically correct, and executed by
Mrs. Temple herself for the Exhibition. [i 2S7
ORLANDO JEWITT, ENGRAVER on WOOD,
OXFOHD. — For Specimens, see the following Woiks
in the Exhibition: — Uickman's 'Gothic Architecture;'
'(ilossary of Architecture;' 'Churches of Northaniptnu-
shire ;' and ' Domestic Architecture.' Published by .Mr.
Parker, of Oxford. [i 2.17
TO COIN COLLECTORS and OTIIEUS.-
A very extensive Collection of Gold, Silver, and Cupper
Coins for Sale, in the (ireek, Itoman, and English series.
(ientlomen forming cabinets can be supplied with selertions
at o moderate charge. The collection includes mnny rare
reverses, and the Oins are mostly in fine condition. A
great variety of Medals, amongst which may bo mentioned
Mudie's National Series, in silver and bronze; Dnssier's
Kings of England, War Mednls.&e. ; Mint Proofs of George
IV., William IV., and Victoria; Cabinets of all sizes: and '
Numismatic Works, .Vntique Uronzes, (>ems, Ivory Carvings,
and other articles of tuste. Apply to W. CHAFFERS, Juu.,
20, Old BoNi>-sTREirr, London.
N.B.— A Catalogue, with the price attached to each Coin,
is just published, price Is.
A Museum of National Antiquities, a large Cabinet of
Uoman (ilnss, and other interesting objects of Ancient -Vrt,
may be seen any day between 2 and 5 p.m.
Coins and other Antifiuitics bought or exchanged, [i 216
SER.
[1851.
1851.]
ne, London.
AST CASTtE, AUIOA Bav
CTii, Table Bay, H(„uht
tK and Fort Ekie,S,kkha
l» coloured. 4«. each.
>y Andebtojii, veryfim, 7,.
lerine, 4<.
CMJSTON. 4j,
w. 4*.
4«.
"VOW in Longitone Light-
and Maries, 4«.
Scott. 2».
lony. Sullivan. 4j
lal Oration, 91 portraiL 4,.
n Altar, &c,, 4».
KEVN0LD8. 5*.
Wings. Ardell. 4,
ARLE!) Heath. 2».
/, 4 plates, 2«.
mily. SiiARPE. 3».
kVindow. Facius. 3a.
ALULE. U.
ktham. A pair, 2s.
sprints. 2».
llzaak Walton. Apair,3,
Lupton. 3»,
PS. 4«.
irl. Lewis. 2*.
re of St. Bartholomew, 3j.
Dr. Kaye). Mvan. 4,,
'endid print. Egan. 4,.
>'/Wy coloured, 4».
» M 4i.
It t, 4».
nutldmg, 3«.
)ey; Interior— Ex«er or.
tgraving. Landseer. 2.?. M.
[i263
5IGNS for Ornamental
)m the Antique, in bcauti-
e best paper, may be pro-
kt; or of Mr. J. Klsseix
IN-STHEET, Sono, LoMlOV.
ue and Exhibition. [\m
i.TEMPLE, 46, Con.
^K. The group exhibited
Nobihs (one of tlio rarest
ery choice Orchids, some
0 cultivated flowers, nil
correct, and executed liy
't'on. [,287
IRAVEIl on WOOD,
see the following Morks
'Gothic Architecture;'
rchcs of Northuniptoii-
re. Published by .Mr.
[i2:);
and OTIIKRS.-
loLD, .Silver, and Copper
an, and English series.
supplied with soleetions
oil includes many rare
in fine condition. A
lioh may bo mentioned
and bronze; Dnssier's
Mint Proofs of GeorRC
billets of all sizes: and '
, Gems, Ivory CnrviML's,
W. CIIAFFEKS, Jun.,
attached to each Coin,
PS. a large Cabinet of
ibjccts of .Vncicnt Art,
1 I'.M.
; or exchanged, [i 216
ART— LITERATURE.
2T
NEW AND VALUABLE WORKS.
To Members of Parliament. A New Edition, brouyht
down to thepretent time.
The Progress of the IN'atioii,
IN ITS VARIOUS SOCIAL AND ECONOMICAL RELATIONS, FROM THE
BEOINMNO OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY.
By G. R. POKTEK, Esii., F.B.S., Instit. Reg. Sc. Paris Cor.
CONTENTS.
Section I. — PopOLATioM ; — Ir.^reiue— Medical Stttistica— Occupa-
tions of the People — Pauperism — Kmiiiration.
Section II.— Pkoduction ; — Aorinulture— Mannfaetures ; Woven,
8fc., Fabriea ; Iron, Steel, Urau, Copper, Plated Ware', Ulau, Itard-
wnres; Machinery— Mining.
Section Hi.— iNTEROHAMaa: — Internal Communication — Turnpike
Roads — Canals — Steam Navigation — Itailways — Coastinu Tiaile —
Trade between Cireat Britain and Ireland — WeiKlits and Measures-
Foreign Commerce — Progress of Trade in foreign Countries — Prussian
Commercial League— Currency— Coinage— Wages — Measurement and
Classing of Shipping— Warehousing System.
Section IV. — Puui.ic Kevemue and Expendituri :— Financial Si-
tuation of the Kingdom at tli« Beginning of the present Century —
PuDlic Income and Expenditure-Produceof Taxes — War Expenditure
—Miscellaneous Estimates — County and Parochial Expenditure.
Section V. — CoNSUMprioN: — Employment and Pecuniary Means
— Houses— Bricks— Male Servants— Carriages — Horses- Plate— Food
— ^Tobacco^Paper— Soap— Candies— Manulacturea — Metals— Timber
—Prices.
.Section VI.— Accumui.atiok : — Conditions of Accumulation— In-
crease of Personal nnd Real Property — Investments of Accumulation
for Public Objects— Investment* for Commercial Purposes.
Section Vll.— MoKAi, PHooHKssi-Introduction— Crime— Manners
—Education— Postige, See. ■
Section VIII.— Coi.oKiEs and Forhow Drpendenciks ;— Advan-
•tat'es of Colonies — Dependencies in Europe — Dependencies in Asia-
Settlements in Australasia— Dependencies in Africa — Uritiah America
-West India Islands and Settlements.
John Murray, Albemarle-street.
Dedicated, by permission, to His Royal Highness Prince Albert.
Now ready, in 2 vols, royal 8vo., cloth boards,
price 1/. o«. each,
THE ROYAL PHRASEOLOGICAL
French-English and
English-French Dictionary.
By J. C. TARVEB, French Master, Eton College.
" Most readily do we acknowledge the flood of light which
has been thrown on French phrases by M. Tarver. . . . His
work is really a valuable addition to our Dictionary shelf—
tlie most important shelf in every man's library. The nice
skill with which he has compared and contrasted the phrases
of the two most influential of modern tongues can hardly bo
over-praised." — Quarterly Review, September, 1850.
DuLAu & Co., Solio-sijuaro.
Dedicated, by Royal Authority, to H. M. the Queen.
This day is published, ono vol. royal 8vo., price Two Guineas,
0' Byrne's Naval Biography
OF ALL i^IVI>'G OFFTCERS,
FH0.H THE RANK OF ADMIRAL OF Till: FLEET TO THAT OF
LIEUTENANT, INCLUSIVE.
" The Admiralty have awarded the compiler of that emi-
nently useful and valuable book of reference. O'Byrne's
Naval Biography, the sum of 100/., as a mark of their Lord-
slii]>s' appreciation of the labour and iicrseverance therein
exhibited."— Time*, Dec. 24, 1849.
Third Edition. 3 vols, post 8vo. 18s.
Family Arabian Nights.
Ulustrated with 600 Woodcuts by WILLIAJI IIAKVEY.
John Muiuuy, Albemarle-street.
New Work by Sir H, De la Becub.
The Geological Observer,
By Sir HENRY T. DE LA BECHE, C.B., F.R.S., &c.
Director-OenenI of the Geological Survey of the United Kingdom,
Third Edition, corrected, enlarged, and improved. In 2 vols,
demy 3vo., price Two Guineas,
A Descriptive and Statistical
Account of the British Empire !
Exhibiting its Extent, Physical Capacities, Population,
Industry, and ICivil and Religious Institutions.
By J. K. M'CULLOCH, Esq., Member of the Inst, of France.
CONTENTS.
ii'lf'j'tT^".'*"*' Phy'^l Circumstances, and Civil DIvislona of the
Unitud Kingdom.
Part II.— Population of the United Kingdom.
'^*w."'"T'"i"''.''>' °' "•* United Kingdom-Agriculture— Mine*
and Minerals— Fisherles-Manufactures-Cummerce.
.. I'.'J'i 1 v.— l/onstitution and (iovernment, Civil and Religious, of the
British Empire-Uise and Progress of the English Consiitution—
Parliament, its Constitutiou, Procedure, &c.— Of the Executive—
CourU of Justice, Civil and Criminal — Municipal Corporations —
History, Constitution, Courts, &c., of Scotland— Political History,
Constitution, Courts, Sic., of Ireland— Kellgious EstablishmenU of
Great Britain and Ireland.
Part v.— EstablislimenU for Public Education— Revenue and Ex-
penditure—Defence : Army, M'litio, &c., Navv— Ciimes, Punish-
ments, and Prisons— Improvements of Food, Clotdiiig, and Lodgin"—
Classitication and Income of the People— Colonies and Dependenciea
—Vital Statistics— Suggestions as to the Means of promoting Health
ill Oreat Britain— Provision for the Poor— Origin and Progress of the
English Language.
LoNGUAN, Brown, Green, and Longmans.
Price is. Third Edition o/3000 copies, with
A NEW CHAPTER ON POISONS
Household Surgery ;
Or, hints on EMERGENCIES.
With many additional Hints.
By JOHN F. SOUTH, Surgeon to St. Thomas's HospitaL
Extract from Prefac- to the Third Edition.
" It having been suggested that it would bo advantageous
in a little book, now on most folks' table, to add some nints
of what should be done when poison has been accidentally or
purposely taken, and the prompt determination and counter-
action of which is of the first importance, I prevailed on my
friend Dr. Gladstone to furnish me with a short notice ol
the more common poisons, ond the mode in which they may
be managed forthwith, in the absence or during the delayed
attendance of a doctor of either of the three denominations ;
and he has executed his task with much ability and plain-
ness, so that the most simple person may easily follow out
Ids directions."
Price 13s. cloth, or in Twelve Shilling Parts, the
Works of William Shakspere.
Illustrated by W. HARVEY.
Containing iiis Plays and Poems, from the Text of the
Editions by Charles Kniout ;
With Explanatory Xotes and Facts connected with his Life
and Writings. . ^
C. Cox, 12, King William-Btrcct, Strand.
28
OFFICIAL ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE ADVERTISER.
I I
m
C. CADBY,
GRAYS INN PIANOFORTE MANUFACTORY/
LONDON.
INVENTOR AND MANnFACTUttEH OF THE nOVAl PATENT
SUSPBirSSD Airs ABTVSTABIiB SOVin>XWO-BOABB.
The great Improvement in theae Pianofortes consists in ttic construction of liio Sounding-bonrd, which, In place of
being, as in tlic ordinary mode of construction, tightly glued to the wooden framing of tlie instrument, is in this imtciitcil
metlio<l suspended by metallic clamps, springs, or screws, so as to admit of being wholly or partially tiglitcncd. Instead «f
the tone being partially absorbed and deadened by the attachment on ordinary souuding-boards to tlio framing, a defect
inseparable fri..ii the old construction, the Patent Sounding-board, by its isolation, and l)y the arrangement of the spriiiKS
or clamps, retains a much greater and longer vibration, and the tone is not dissipated, but flows on clearly an<l distinctly,
giving to the oixlinary Pianoforte much of the clearness and effect of the flageolet and diapason stops of the Organ. It '^
important to observe, thottho usual arrangement of the Piano is in every other respect followed. There is no change in
the method of playing, no difference is observed in fingering, and the pedal movements arc identical with the ordinary
instrument.
C. CADBY ts the only Mithcr in London of the Patent Iron TruNN Ilraccd Pianoforte,
vliirfi is Ml siiitiililt' for shippimj.
pension
Fiy. 1. Fill. 2.
Fig. 1 shows a Semi-cottage Pianoforte with the left-han(i side open, which presents a perfect view of the fus-
nsion principle. Fiy. 2 is a drawing of a (irand Pianoforte uikju the same principle, though not shown in this as in Fiy. 1.
PIANOFORTES MADE AT TIIK SAME ESTAni.lSIIMENT FOR THE MILLION,
Price, in iMAllCKJANV./wr tjj OcTAVliS, 25 Guineas; in RosEWOOD or Zebka, 20 Guineas.
[1183
1851.]
MUSIC.
20
OPERA BOX OFFICE,
NO. 8, BEdKNT-BTRKKT, WATKUI.OO-l'LACK.
BOXES AND STALLS
May bo obtained by tlio niKht in tho best gltuatlong in
HER HAJESTY'S THEATRE:
Also Gallehv Stalu and Pit Tickets for all purformanccd.
At thin Office every information can be given,
anil all mnguayet n/mAen. [i 128
MESSRS. ROBERT COCKS & CO.'S
VERY siiiMsrior PlANOFOllTES— PICOLOS, of
ulognnt exterior and brilliant quality of tone, in Maho-
gany, l<o8Gwood, and Walnut-tree wood. Warranted to
gtami well in tunc in all climates. 22 (iuincos. A pamphlet
uratis, coBtuining rules for tho preservation of IMunofurtcs.
Duauriptivo price-lists (gratis and postage free. Also an
extcnsiveossortinent of other Musical Instruments.
New Hurlinyton-street, J.omlon. [l 1 1 1
TC. JONES and Co., MAKERS and INVENT-
• oils of tho TWIN or FAMILY PIANO for Two,
Four, or Six Performers, •-ovisionally Ucgistcrcd for the
(ircnt Kxhibitici • of If oof tho New Twcnty-Ouinea
I'inno, unsur^. '. at i. •■;.
21, SohoSq-- ( i.tulogve.) [i ■ .
MESSRS. TOWNS & PACKERS, 20, OXFORD
STKKKT.— IIOUIZONTAL SKMI-GKAND TUANS-
POSING PIANOFOKTi;.— To transpose Music by semi-
tonic progression two whole tones higher or lower than the
original fcalo or Key In which it was composeil, for the
accommodation of Singers. Its novelty is attributable to
the introduction of a power by which the key-lxxtrd in moced
for tho purposes of transposition, and its superiority is the
fact that the tone and touch arc not in the least affected by
the use of this moving power. This Instrument has Me
repetition touch so much approved of by the Profession in the
Grand I'ianofortes. [i 100
NOTELLO'S
MUSICAL PRESENTS.
SACRED UARMOIVIC SOCIETY,
EXETER HALL.
Conductor Ur. COSTA.
THE COMMITTEE beg to announce, that, in
order to afford Visitors to the Great Exhibition the
opportunity of witnessing the grand performances of this
Society, tlio usual season will be extended, and a series of
popular Oratorios be given on several FRIDAY EVKN-
INtiSdurhig the months of MAY and JUNE, commencing
with Mendelssohn's 'ELIJAH,' on tho 2nd and ICth of
May.
'Ihe most efficient Vocalists will be engaged, and tho
entire Orchestra, the larifest available in Exktku Hall, will
consist of (including Sixteen Double-basses) nearly
SEVEtr HUKDRED FERFORUEBS.
Prices of Tickets of Ai>missio.n, which should be
secured early.
For tho body of the Hall Three ShilUnys.
For Reserved Seats in Area or Gallery . Fice ShilUnys.
For Central Area do. numbered as Stalls | ^'™S/""'''i'» "'"^
( fMjjieiwe each.
To prevent disappointment and imposition, strangers arc
cautioned to observe tliat the h^'adings of tliis Society's an-
nouncements are precisely as above ; that tho price of each
saleable Ticket is legibly printe<l upon it; and that the
Agents of tho Society are prohibited from making any in-
creased charge — the Honorary Secretary's name, as under,
being engraved upon cocli Ticket.
The Society's sole Office is No, G Room, within Exeter
Ilnll (at the end of the right-hand side of the possuge enter-
ing from the Strand), where, or of Mr. Bowi.F.v, .'>!), Charing-
cross, full particulars and Tickets mny be obtiiiiicd.
T. liltKWER, mm. Sec.
A miHlel of the arrnnyement of the Orchestra hits been pliuvil
■intlwEuaumu}l,and'wUlbcfoiindinthii Western Nave. [ia34
Novello'8 Cheap Editions of ORATORIOS
(both Folio and Octavo) will be found appro-
priate Presents; combining elegance with a
moderate outlay for a Standard Work.
Oatalognei (gratii) on application to the
London SACRED MUSIC Warehouse,
69, Dean-st, Soho, or 24, Poultry. [,7
MUSI C.
MESSRS. ROBERT COCKS & CO., EXHIBITORS,
Music Publisliers (by Special Warrant) to
r£R MOST OBACIOUS MAJESTY THE QUEEN,
NEW BUULINOTON-STItKKT, LONDON.
" The Messrs. Cocks and Co.," says tho Court Journal,
speaking of the alx) ve firm, " commenced as music publ ishers
some twenty-fivo years back. From that time they have
been publishing standard works and novelties by the first
f)rofessors of tho age, both native and foreign, until tlioir
eviathan catalogue has reached to a number of plates ex-
ceeding 250,000. No other music publishers in England —
we should say, in Europe— possess a catalogue containing
such variety, or such sterling, standard, and popular works,
for every description of musical instrument, and for tlie
science of music generally."
The following works may be cited as constituting a small
portion of their valuable stock : —
Boyce (Dr.), Collection of Cntheilral Music, edited liy Joseph War-
ren, 3 vols, larjjo folio. (Exhibited— see Catalogue.)
Albreohtsberger's, Cherubini's, & Weber's Tiieoreti.ui Works.
Czerny'S ICoyal I'lanofotte School and Scliool of Frncticnl Compo-
sition.
Warren's Cliurch service, 373 Chants, I'salmody, and Organ Works,
Beethoven, Haydn, & Hozart~Aii t'>oir (juartetts, Quintetts
Trios, Overtures, Symplionies, &o. &c.
Handel's Oratorios— Mesalali, Israel in ligypt, Samson, Judns MaccB-
Ixeus, Acis and Galatea, &c., in Vocal Score, with Piano or
Organ Accompaniment, by John llishop.
Bach (J. S.)— All his Organ and Pianoforte Works, by J. liisliop,
Rinck'B Organ Scliool and Organ Works, by J. llishnp,
Hamilton's Celebrated Pianoforte Tutor, and all liis Catecliiams,
and Dictionary of 35Ua Musical Terms.
Spohr'S and Campagnoli'S Methmis for the Violin, Also, Otto
and Dubourg on tlie Violin, &c. &c. lly J. llisliop.
Catalogues of Music and Musical Instruments forwarded
yratis and postuye free. (See Catalogue.) [i "JO
Piaiiofoites at 30 diuiiieas,
FOK SALK, HIKE, AND EXPOKTATION.
BALLINGALL & BALLINQALL,
WIIOLi;SAI,E JIANUFACTUUEn.S,
19, EDWABDS-STBEET, FORTHAN-SQVABE, LONDON,
Uf.commem) to the notice of the Public their Superior
ROSEWOOD BOL'DOIK PICOLOS, with 7 octaves, at
TWENTV GlINEvVS.
Also, their very Superior 7-octavc COTTAGES, witli
elegant Cauveb Siielf, Fhonts, manufactured in eight of
the Choicest Woods, at Twe>tv-fi\ e (jlineas each.
All Pianofortes purchased at lliis Establishment packed
and delivered, free, at any Kaihvay Station in London.
W'arrnnted for Two Years, and exclianged if not ap-
proveil of.
Meuciiants, Siiii'i'F.iis, and Col'nxuy DeiVleks
suri'uup, [i 101
30
OFFICIAT. TLTJTSTRATED CATALOGUE ADVEimSER.
[1851:
A CHINESE NOTICE.— You arc imrticulurly r.--
qucitol to viiit IIKWK'rr'S colebratea LarguCiiiNRiiK
AI'ARF.iioiisr., wlirro can l)u seen ThouiaiuU of liaro, Curioui,
and Beautiful articles nt iniHlerato jpriccR. — 18, Ftnchurch-
iitnvl, CUj/, lAMilun, mul at the Gnat Exhibition. [l 254
HORTICULTURE.— A Pumphlot, illustrating ti.e
utesof the llnrtlrulturul appliance* cxhlhitetl by Mr.
.loiiN KuHKicn, of :U, Kuflehm/i, IaduIoh, can lio had post-
free by cuclMing Six Postage-alamiM, addressed to him as
above. [i 264
riMlE GROTTO, OATLANDS PARK, WEY-
J UltlDUK.— This magniflrcnt work of art, ronatruoted
by the Duke of Mewcaslle, at a cost of 4(),(HNl/„ Is open on
Saturday, Sunday, and Monday afternoons, from May till
October. Uy railway from Waterloo-bridge, in one hour ;
from Hyde-park, 14 miles. [i 68
A BILLIARD TABLC,
TN tho ELIZABETHAN STYLE, made of rich
X brown English Oak, grown in Woburn I'ark, oti tho ea-
tatodf his (iraco tho Duke of Bedford. Designed and Klniiu-
facturud by BUKUOlKilIKH and WAT'IVS, 8ollo-.S<tlIAnl^
London. (See Official Cittalugur.) [i -m
BEAUTIFUL AND RARE DARTINQTON MARBLE,
lUadnuore awl Cliwolate-coloured,
FOR Altar-slab, root-pace, Font, Credence, PiscinR,
Tomb, Column, Shaft, &o., or for Table, Slab, Mantel-
piece, Table and C'himncy-piecc Ornament.
The attention of Architects, Decorators, Builders, &c., is
invited to tho beautiful Marble Columns, Table, and other
siieolmens exhibited by, and executed under the lUrcctioii of,
the I'roprictor, near his Quarries.
Architects, &o., are reiinested to address (for the present)
the Proprietor, HKNBY CHAMlM;UNOWl»IK,Ks.i.,DAin>.
INGTON lloUSi:, TOTNESS, Dkvonsiiihe. [i 240
Messrs. MILLER & RICHARD, of Edinburgh and London,
TYPE FOUNDERS TO HER MAJESTY FOR SCOTLAND,
Beg leave to call the attention of Printers to the BREVIER (Roman capitals and lower
case) Type cast by them for the Metropolitan Division of the Great Exhibition Illustrated
Catalogue ; and also to their Specimen of the " BRILLIANT " Type in this Exhibition,
•which is the smallest Type ever manufactured in this country. Upon examination, it will
be found the most perfect and most highly finished as yet produced, being cast by their
improved and Patented process.
Miller & Richard would direct the attention of Newspaper Proprietors to their Founts
cut expressly for Newspaper work, which have long enjoyed the reputation of being tlie
most durable that are produced. Their Type has been used for many years in " The Times,"
"The Morning Herald," "The Morning Advertiser," "The Morning Chronicle,"
and several other leading London journals ; also in many of the principal Provincial papers,
in England, Scotland, and Ireland.
They have, further, satisfaction in alluding to their Type in the Bibles, Testaments, and
Prayer Books printed at the Clarendon Press, Oxford, which form beautiful Specimens of
their Book Founts.
LONDON WAREHOUSE, 22, BARTLETT'S BUILDINGS, HOLBORN.
Edinburgh, March, 1851.
[1 112
SER.
[1851;
1851.]
MANUFACTUHES, ART, MriSIC, EDUCATION.
31
ABLE,
JTYLE. made of rich
Wobiirii Porlc.onthonh
1 WAl'TM, Soiio-SijiunE,
[i m
TINQTON MARBLE,
HaU-eolouritd,
for Toble, Slab, Mantel
rnomont.
•corntors, BuiMers, &« (,
-olumiiB, Table, and other
tcU undur the dlrcctioti of
v:
[. 240
KG
ND London,
AND,
3apitals and lower
libition Illustrated
a this Exhibition,
:amination, it will
!ing cast by their
rs to their Founts
ion of being tiie
in "The Times,"
[NG Chronicle,"
Provincial papers,
Testaments, and
ul Specimens of
3RN.
LITHOOBAPHY. — STAN 1)1 1)(;E nnil CO..
of the OLD .1 KWllY, I.ON DON, in acknowlcdKiiiK the
libprnl ii\ipp«rt they have fur to many vrara received tVom
Ari'liltoRlH, KnKineerR, Hurvcvnn, the ralntim uf Art, and
the I'liblln Kcnurally, beu to inform them tboy continue to
excciilo with inrrcanod tacility DrawlngN ami I'lanfi of every
(li'Krrlptlon, in I'lialk, ('liromc, and Ink l.llboKmphy, in the
ftrst Hlylo of the Art, antl on the most roaRonablo lorniH, Fnc-
■iiniU'8, Circulani, Show Cardo, C'crtiflcntcti, Bill llcadR, fcc.
tic, with the greatest despatch. Conntry cominunications
promptly attended to. [i loi
flM) IMIINTERS. PUHLISIIEIIS, AUTIIOUS. &<•.
J -Mr. THOMAS (JII.K8, DKAI!{iHTSMAN and
KN(JKAVEK on WOOD, bop respectfully to announce
that lie continues to execute all orders intrusted to his rare
with promptness and a due regard to moderateness in
charges. Specimens of every variety of work may bo scon
at his offices ; and estimates forwarded to any part of *\\o
kingdom.— 170, FLEETHmiKirr, Ixinoon. [i lua
r\\) SURVEYOUSniul ENGINEEllS.— PLATO-
1 MKTKIt— Self-octlng Calculator of Surface. This
elo;;aiit Instrument calculates, with the utmost rapidity and
wi;liout the risk of arithmetical errors, the area of any figures
drawn on a plan, by merely carrying the point of a tracer
round their Doundaries, however crooke<l or irregular they
iniiy be. Price 20/. Apply to John Sang, Kirknldi/. [i 202
LONDON SACRED HARMONIC
SOCIKTY, KXETFOll HAI.I..
Preiident . . Itov. (irx>Rar. Rohkhtii.
Snrilarg . . llev. W. 8. Auhtin.
yice-l'rttiilcnt Ucv. F. J. STAiNroiiTii.
Leader, Mr. H. Bi.AdiiovE. Organitt, Mr. Jolley.
Comluetirr . . . Mr. SlIRMAN,
Fonndar of the Exator Hall OntoriM.
TIIE olijcrt of this Swipty is to encourage the prac-
tice and performance of PsalmcHly, Chanting, Services,
Anthems, OrntorloH, &e.. and to afford the Religious Public
an umwrtunity of hearing the best Sacred Music of every
description.
The Subscription is \l. \i. per annum, or for Reserved
Scats 2/. 2<., commoneing upon any Quarter Day. Kach
Subaorll>er will bo entitled to two transferable Tickets to
each Subscription Concert.
Reserved-Seat Subscribers are presented annually by the
Conductor with a copy of Handel's •' Messiah," "Juues Mac-
cabeus," or Ilavdn's "Creivtion," arranged for the Organ or
Pianoforte, with Vocnl Score, bound in cloth, folio.
Alcmbers' and Subscribers' names will be received at the
Office uf the Societv, No. t), Kxeter Hall, where may be had
the Music as performed at Kxeter IJall, printed by W,
Clowes and Sons. W. Stanton Austin, Hon. Sec. [i 221
BOTAL ITALIAN OPERA, COVENT GARDEN.
8SABOX 1861.
rpiIE ROYAL ITALIAN OPERA, COVENT GARDEN, will bo open every TUESDAY, TIIURS-
J. DAY, and SATURDAY during the Season, and bo supported by the following renowned Artistes ; —
Kadame 0BI8I and Madaine VIABDOT, Madame 0A8TELLAK and XademoiaeUe AHOBI,
Kadlle. XOBBA, Madlle. OOTTI, and Xadlle. BEETBAKD;
Signer MABIO and Signer TAXBSBLIX, Signori XEI, SOLBI, and KABALTI,
Signer BOKOONI and Signer SALVATOBI, Signer BIAVOHI and Herr FOBMBS,
Sig. FOIONmi, nig. BOXMI, ^. TAOLIAFIOO, Mom. AIEXANDBE, Madlle. L. TAOUOHI, *e. fto. fte.
IHreotor of the Marie ... Mr. COSTA.
Boxes and Stalh may be lecured at the Box- Office (Bureau) of the Theatre, corner of Ilart-street i Bow-itreet,
from ID till 5 o'clock every day. [i 220
A PINTA, FRENCH LAWYER, No. 8, Corn-
A.» HILL. — Advice on French and other Foreign Law.
Acts and Documents prepared In Foreign Languages.
Motai'ics' Legal Business attended to. Languages trans-
lated; [i 257
EARLY DISCIPLINE and SOUND TEACH-
ING the surest Foundation of Success.— PUPILS from
their sixth year are received and indcfatigobly prepared to
encounter the difficulties and reap the benefits of our best
Public Schools and Colleges, by a Clebo vm an, who, earnestly
and wholly devoted to his task, confidently invites the
attention ond patronage of Parents, being himself gratefully
sensible of the inestimable advantage he possesses in having
been early trained to teach under a most able master, edu-
cated at and long connected with Winciiesteb College.
Number limited, Terms moderate, and orranged on a new
p/an.— Apply to Messrs. Boone, 29, Neie Bond-street, or to
the Principai., 5,'), Westhmime-ifrore, Bayswater. [i 246
EDUCATION. — SOUTH
OF DEVON.—
—The course of study
[1112
J:; OTTERY ST. MARY SCHOOL.
pursued in the School embraces —
Ist. A sound Religious Kducation, in accordance with
the articles and liturgy of the Church of F.ngland.
2nd. A good Classical and Mathematical Kducation, to
those who arc preparing for the Universities, public Schools,
Naval and Military Colleges, and Professions.
3rd. A superior commercial Education to those who are
preparing for the counting-house and the several depart-
ments of commercial pursuits ; embracing the modern Eu-
ropean Languages, English Grammar and Composition,
Writing, Arithmetic, Merchants' Accounts, Geography,
History, i;c : in fact, a sound and liberal Kducation, keep-
ing pace with the requirements of the age.
Terms 20 to 25 Guineas teb Annum.
Otterv St. Mary is situated in one of the most beautiful
vales of Devon. For young gentlemen of a delicate con-
stitution, or coming from abroad, it possesses peculiar
advantages, as it may be seen that the climate of Devonshire
is most tivourable for promoting the life and health of the
Touug. — Promectuaea forwarded on applkatinn.
WILLIAM REED, Principal,
Member of the Boyal CoUq/e of Preceptor: [i 152
HEMShGTON HALL,
NOnTH END, FUMIAM, KHAIl LONDON.
AN EDUCATIONAL ESTABLISHMENT for
YOUNG LADIES, particularly the daughters of pro-
fessional and mercantile men, and of the more opulent mem-
bers of the commercial community.
Ladv Superintendent, Mrs. •Toiinson.
It is the object of this Institution to combine the advantages
of the most eihcicnt School and College instruction with the
comforts and educational privileges of a well-regulated
home. The various departments of knowledge arc taught
by professors of the higiiest eminence. Conversational and
Musical Meetings arc frequently Iield ; Lectures upon Lite-
rature, Science, and the Scriptures are regularly delivered;
and to explain and illustrate the more substantial duties of
life, there is an applied course on Household Economy, the
Preservation of Health, and the Education of Children.
The terms are moderate, but at the same time sufficient to
insure the utmost liljcrnlity in every department. Prospec-
tuses forwarded to any address. — Mr. .Ioiinson's iNAUouiiAii
Lectube, developing tne system, is published by WiirrrAKEB
and Co., Ave-Maria-lanc. [i 129
P. BOWES,
26, KING WILLIAM-STREET, STRAND, LONDON,
CONSULTING AND PUACTISING
ACCOIIXTAXT,
In all matteri, whether Public, Corporate, Commercial,
Fidnoiary, or otherwise,
POSSESSES PECOLIAB FACILTTIES
FOB GIVING INSTKUCTION IN
FARM BOOK-KEEPING. [iii
32
OFFrCIAL ILTATSTRATED CATALOGUE ADVERTISEn.
[1851.
SIG. A. B. VENTURA,
RrMOVED FROM 47, nATIIBONE-PI.ACE, to 17, CIIAKLE8-HTUEKT, MonTiMen-nnr.BT, CAVF,!ir>i8ii-»iirABi;,
Invrntor and only Profeuor of the Britiiii Vemtuba uiul Vesituba'i Enoi.mii (^ktiia,
ttcM tu inl'urm the Nubility and (iontry, and his fnrmpr patrnni, that ha has rcsiimod hi* Profoulon, and intondi t«acliln|r
the SPANISH UUlTAll and the fulluwing initruinonts :~
No. 1. The new Britiih
I I3A] Ventura.
^^fi^fiS^fe;
4. The HarpVentnn.
The Lyre Ventura.
PUBLIC LIHIIARY, HELGRAVE SQUAIIE.-
Under DisUnKuiHhiHl Patronage. — An early and liberal
supply of all New Works in Kngllsh or French Literature is
constantly added to the extensive Stock at Milamts Librnn/,
3.'), Cluifiel Sirett, JJeli/rmv Square. Catalogues and Terms
according to any re<]uirements may be hod on application,
A large nssorlmeut of Ik.oks and every variety of Stationery
arc kept on kiiIo at the most moderate prices. Offloo for tlio
early supply of Newspapers. [i8.'l
ORGANS.
FLIGHT AND SON,
ORGAN BUlLDEItS,
36, St. MartinVlanc, London.
CHURCH AND CHAMBER ORGANS,
Uullt on the improved principle ;
AP0LL0.^1C0^S.
Self-acting and otherways, suitable for Ilall or Chamber,
I Concert Kooms suj)plic<l on the principle of those Fi
AJii> Son Imve built tor her Majesty's Theatre oud the H
hLH'.irr
AJii> Son have built for her Majesty's Theatre oud the linyal
Italian Opera, under the superintendence of Signor Costa,
KsTAHLisiiRD A,D. 1770. [i 53
rpiIE U.inains of the CISTERCIAN AHHEY of
1 ST. MAKY at TINTEKN, Monmouthshire, founded
A. i>. 1131. completed A. n. 1268, now tlie property of his
(Jnicc the Duke of licaufort, and by liim corefully preservetl
from demolition. ModelIe<l to a scale of one-eighth of on
inch to a foot, by David Lewis, Hagland.
(Snif Cat(il(H/u<'). [i.14
T
ro THE NOniLlTY and GENTRY,— (;, HAD-
OKAl'T, NATIIHAI.IST, i», MUSEUM-STKEKT,
ISi.ooMsiii'KV. Fiir the cheapest anil host house for stuffing
liinls and .\uimiils ; also mounting tliem on nn improved
stylo. IK'ocjnitions warranted not to fade, .\gcnt for the
suli' of .\ititiciiil I\vc8. Kefcrcnces to nil ports of £ngland.
— Kvery euro takcu to imitate nature. [i 1
BEAUX TABLEAUX PAR LES PLUS
GRANDS MAITRES, Mb. C, de C. Wimon revolt
la visito de MM, let Amateurs tous les Jours do midi a iiuatre
hcures. i
26, Percy-Hnet, Bet(ford-iquare. (i 84
BEMISTER Juv., WORKING BOOK-
« BINDER, 6, RYE-LANE, PECKIIAM. Ol.l Kooks
or Manuscripts on vellum or paper cleaned, repiiircil,
strengthened, and bound with the reqidsitc eare,-'\> Itliout
diminishing the neatness or the elasticity of a Book, J. I),
binds it with unusual strength. [i 132
W& A, K. JOHNSTON, 4, St, Andrkw-siiuabk,
• Edinourqii, Geographers and Engravers to tho
Queen, Lithographers, Printers, and (ilolie Manufiicturcrs,
Agents in Scotland for tho sale of the Maps of the Hon,
tho Board of Ordnance, tho Admiralty Charts, &c, [i r)5
1AIIOMAS HARRY SAUNDERS, PAPER MA-
. NUFACTURKU, DARTt-ORO, Kknt. Alldescriptioiisof
writing and drawing papers mode upon the most moilern ami
improved principles both by hand and machines. Mnniifau-
turer of Bank-note and potent Cliciiue papers. Ware-
houses, Maidstone Wharf, and 10, (.iuoenhithe, I'lipor
Thames-street, London, [i 'lli
Highly Improved Copying, Writing, and other In^"
MESSRS. BLACKIVOOU Jk CO.
Bku to call attention to
these superior INKS,
adapte<l to Steel and other
Metallic Pens, together
with their clean Conduct-
ing Bottles, with durable
Cork. A beautiful bottle
in purple glass made ex-
pressly for tho use of
indies, Messrs, Black-
wood & Co,'8 registered
' Rkadv Referencf: Fii.i:'
will bo found invaluable
to all who wish n ready
rofereneo to their private
popers, letters, receipts,
&c., with tho advantages of being kept clean, oi-derlv, and
nut damaged as by tho ordinary Wire File. May be liml of
all Stationers nnd Booksellers, Tmr/e and Kijivrt Onlers
vxccuted at the Maiiiifaclvri/, 26, Loity Acre. [l 148
1881.]
MUSICAL TNSTRUMENTS-BOOKBINDINO.
88
iKT, ('Avr,Nr>l8l|.|4q| AnE,
II t'KTIlA,
f«ition, and IntunJ* toodilng
S. The Lyre Ventura,
X PAR LKS PLUS
Hh. C. db C. WimoN ri^uit
u« lc8 joun do midi it (iimtre
WORKINCJ HOOK-
, PKCKIIAM.-OMDonks
r paper cleaned, ri'imireil,
lie rc(|uisito rare.— \\ itiioiit
! closticity of a Jlook, .1. 1).
[l 132
4, St. ANDnKw-siiUABK,
rB and Enjfravors to tho
and (ilolic Mnniifncturcrs.
I of tho Maps of tlie Hon.
liralty Charts, &c. [i .W
VDERS, PAPKR M.V-
>, Kknt. All descriptions of
3 upon tho most modern and
J and machines. Miniiifn(;-
it Clicqiie papers. Wnrc-
i 10, Queeuhithe, I'lipor
JOSIAH WE8TLEY,
OP
PLATHOUSE TAKD, adjoining "THE TIMES" OFFICE,
LONDON,
IS DESmoUS TO DinECT THE ATTENTION OP
WHOLESALE HOUSES, LITERARY INSTITUTIONS, LIBRARIANS, AND GENTLEMEN,
TO 1118
i>:
(? kcnt elean, orderly, nnd
Hro Kile. May he I'lnd of
'J'nu/e iiHil I&itort Oiilen
wj Aire. [I 148
BOOKBINDING ESTABLISHMENT,
WHERE EVEn\ BUANCII OP THE BUSINESS IS CAIHIIED ON WITH ACCUKACY, TALENT,
AND DESPATCH.
•I. W. has recently macle several important additions to his Establishment, which combine every
improvement that mechanism and artistical skill can produce ; thus he is enabled to offer great
advantages to the proprietors of literary works, and is most anxious to obtain their valuable
patronage.
D
[i 289
I i\
m
■ J .1
34
OFFICIAL nXUSTRATED CATALOOtJE ADVERTISER.
[IMI.
E. WOLFF & SON'S
NKWLY INYBNTED
OBETA UEVIS, OR FEBMAMBNT DRAWINO CHALKS,
IN CROAB, Iir IVKBT VABIBTT Or COLOUR,
Sa, CHUUCII-8TBEFT, SPIT ALFI ELDB, LONDON.
E. WoUT Mid Son beg to itate that they h«r«, bjr the Introduetion of gnti Improvcmont* In thrlr Cbcta L.nvii,
enabled It to be used the uune •• the ordliianr penelli ; and effMta ean now be produowl o<(iml to Water Colour Drawlnn,
without the uae of water or any other flui>l, the varloua coloun blendlna together with perfect harmony, beauty, and riob-
ncM. It can be cut to a fine iNiliit, and in lliui ea|mblo of giving a very delicate outline.
For Bketehing fVom nature, the groat udvantagoe raeultlng from the adontlon of the ('uta I<«vis muit be obvloui, u,
without the u«e of water, patetto, bnuhci, dee., all the varioui tints can be obtained with a truthfuliicM that cannot he lur-
pacted, and by their c<impact form may be carried any diitanoe without the tllghteet Inconvenience ; thus mponedlng every
other method in general \int\
The drawing! may be carried In a portfolio with lafety, m. urlike other Crayons, they will neither rob off nor luftr
lidury by eomlng In contact with the uiuual contents of a portfolio.
The Cbrta L«vn, unlike tha Indtilbic or wax Crayona, witttut ht afftettdbuhaator chmgt iff climaii,
WoLrr U Son's Imphovf.o Ciiayon Papeh In the best for the Ckkta L^vis.
To be had of all Artists' Coiourmen and rcspeetal>lo Statlonen, In leather bosee, eontaining sets of 13, 18, 34, M, 48 assorted
eolours. A nattern card containing the whole of tlie shadea and eolours, with their names and numbers attached to nth
shade, price if. eaoh. Caution. — As there are several spurious imitations, It Is necessary to observe that every pencil li
stamped '- Cbcta L jevis, K. WoLrr anp Son, LoNiraN," with the name of the colour. Creta Lsevis Drawings lent to copy,
(S>< ^imtnt at Iht Onat Eshibitiom, Uy<U Park, Cbut 80.)
E. WOLFF A SOU'S FUBIFIED CUMBEBLAND LEAD PENCILS,
mnSCTLT PRBB FROM OBrr, MAT BB BNTIREIY BOASED, AND WILL MAINTAIN A FIRM FOIHT.
E. Wolff and Son bog to Inform Artists, Arohlteets, and Engineers, tliat they have succeeded In so greatlv Improvinft
their Black Lead, that thoy are now loanufaeturlng a Puimbaoo or B1.AOE Lbap Pbncil entlrolv free from grit, which will
easily yield to ln<*ia'. KubW, and ensure per/iict trwmrt 1 it possesses great brilliancy and depth of colour, and will mtin-
taln a firm point i'hoy have attained to so great a perfeetimi in the nunufketure of this Lead, as to be able at all timet to
make the same strcngtii rnd eolour when oneo found to bo suitable for anv particular purpose, and have produced a pencil
fully etiiial to those use<l in former years, when they were made of the anest Cumberland Icod, wiileh at tlie proaent tima
cannot DC obtained from t)ie mines sufflclently pure for the liest penells. The following are the degrees : — II, IIH, llilll,
llllllll, F, FF, HE, EHB, B, BB, BUU, BUBil, W.* * Tlili {leticil U psitieulvly rreommended for wilting uid eountlngliiMw lue.
K. WOLFF and SON hart the hommr of tuppfying their PfrRiF/ED BLACK LEAD PENCILS to Her M\j.'»tg'i
StatUmerp Office, the Admiralty, the Bank 0/ England, teveral Railway Companie; and many other Public Ettablithmtnt:
Mandpactobt, 23, CHIIRCH-STUEET, 8PITALFIKLDS, LONDON.
[1269
DIXONS A TOOKE,
WHOLESALE GOLDSMITHS, .TEWELLERS,
lie., DEALERS in ENGLISH WATCUES, 28, Ei.r
Plaob, Uatton OARDr.N, London.
Importers of Geneva Watches, French Goods, ice. [i 207
W. DAVIDSON^
CARVER, Gilder, Upholsterer, and Manuflicturer
of Furniture, Modem and Antique Styles.
57, Frcdcrick-strcct, Edinburgh. [1 54
JM'LACULAN, HOUSE PAINTER, DECO-
t RATOK, and GILDER, 35, ST. JAMES'S STREET,
PICCADILLY, invites the Nobility and Gentry requiring
their Houses decorated to inspect tiis spii'ndid patterns of
Decorations and Paper-hangings. Bed-room Papers Id. a
yard, ond upwards. — Designs and Estimates given for
Decoration of Rooms, Glass Frames, Consoles, &c.— Old
Frames cleaned, re-gilt, and restored.— Estimates for
general repairs. [i 23
JACKSON'S CHINESE DIAMOND CEMENT, for re-
storing to their original beauty and use China, Glass, Marble,
Ivory, Ornaments, Toys, Cabinet Work, Earthenware, &o.
For cementing Cabinet Specimens, I.nilips' Fancy SVork in
Cardboard, Paper, &c., it is superior to 'any preparation
hitherto used. In bottles, nt 6d. and Is. each.
LESSEY'S MARKING INK, so long and justly celebrated
for its intensely black colour, lias lately been tested by Dr.
Ure, Analytical Chemist to lI.M.'s Board of Excise, and by
him dcclare<l to be botli durable and safe, incapable of being
washed out or injuring the fabric to which it is applied.
Sold, is. each, by all Chemista and Stationers, [i 261
GLOVER'S ENCRE & la VIOLETTE.— THE
LADY'S WRITING INK. — This beautiful pre-
paration, from its exquisite colour resembling the flower
whose name it bears, is tlic most elegant and unique ap-
pendage to the faehionnblo wTiting-deslc. — Solil in bottles,
6rf. and 1». each, by Gi/Ovek & Co., I'J, Gootlge-street, Totten-
ham-co«rt-road, London, and all Stationer*. [i 213
T. J. A J. SMITH,
METALLIC BOOK MANUFACTURERS,
wrra patent eveu-pointeo pencils,
WHOLESALE AND EXPORT STATIONERS,
8:1, Quebh-street, Ciieafside, London. [i2I2
HDELOLME, CHRONOMETER & WATCH-
• MAKER, 48, Rathbone-place, OxFonD-srnEiT,
London, begs to draw tlie attention of those who values
superior timekeeper to tlio Watches of his own peculiar con-
struction, manufactured entirely in England under his own
personal direction, in which every advantage of modern
watchmaking is combined with additional solidity, the pricff
of which wUi also be found comparatively moderate, [i S'''*^
1M1.1
ATIT— HORTICULTURE-MISCELLANEOUS.
35
neither rub off nor luAr
EZOnC NUBSERT, KINO'S SOAD, CHELSEA.
We regard thii ai a pcculiarljr ikvourable opportunity, and thorofora avail ouriolvos of it, to thaak rar
PatroiM witii lincero gratitude for tlio continued patronage witli wliioh this houio, flnt under tl>o Proprietorihip
and Management of JOSEPH ENIQHT, and more recently under that of JOSEPH KNIGHT A TBOB. A.
PEBBT, hat been honoured for nearly half a century, and to lay that, during the whole of that period,
increasing efforti have boon made, by the eiteniion of our varioiis Collections, to enable ui to supply every
article oonneotod with Oardsoing, of the best dcicription. We have now too the Mtiifaction of adding that our
pricet, during the last few yean, have been verjf much reduced, and that they are at present as low a* a
very moderate romunoratiun will admit of.
r
1 ./'■Ai^ ■
•'11
■ ^i
.«-,-, ■..
i
•■-
'^■*?^
[M,
iri'-
*
a£
hP^*'^
r.A-
A
A
:'.-m
D^
h-.
<.V'''
In soliciting tlio countenance and 8up|)ort of our Patrons, wo hcg respectfully to cull ti>oir attention to the
following, as being worthy of thoir notice : —
^1. HABDT ORMAMBMTAL TBEBS AHD SHBVBS, in which are many novelties.
2. BEOSOnXMBBOXS ASS a^AT.TiAB, u well as other AMXBIOAN FLAHTB, of the finest kinds
known.
3. OOHIFEBlk Our collection .»" v h-^T ; may be seen from the work we hovo published on them.
4. nttnr-TBSBS, of the finest kin^is, founded on the llorticultural Society's Collection, ond on
those of the flnt Continental Pomologists.
5. OBEEHHOUHB AND H0TE9USE PLAHT8, of the most select ond bcoutiful kinds.
WeAatthepnmd
to furnM detaiM\
Litti ofthm. 6. EAXDT HEBBACEOTO i'LUXTB, BORES, Ae., of the most admired sorts.
7. VABES, of the mwi' G&rdenesque forms ; ond OABDEN mPtEMBHTfl, of such construction as
experience nos proved to be most useful.
8. OUIUfABT, AOBICUITUBAX, ASH FIOWEB SEEDS, of the first quolity, and true to name.
9. BVT.IS, 08 imported, from the first Growers In Holland.
It u proper for us also to observe that we still continue, when applied to for GARDENERS, FORESTERS,
and LAND STEWARDS, to recommend such only as we have substantial reasons to believe of blameless repu-
tation and of iirst-ratc professional ability.
KNIGHT AND PEBBT. [■ loo
D a
36
OFFICIAL ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE ADVERTISER.
[1861.
JOHN DRIVER,
MADEIBA,
AND EXCHANGE ALLET NORTH, LIVERPOOL.
PRicEfj. &0., OP THE Finest Old 'Wimes,
prodnoed on the South Side of the Island of Madeira, scleeted
-nam particular Vineyards, andof the most esteemed Vintages.
Bung.
la Pipes, llhds., and
Quarter^asks.
In Bond at Liverpool, the entire cargo of the "Tolly-Ho,"
Capt Pii.tABD, entered at Customs by Duiven, April, 1851.
Per Pipe. In Itiiltle, Duty paid, per Dm.
Dlieet MaHeln .... £i6 I Direirt Wine .... 37/ 1
VM We«t IndiM. . . . «0 West India 3n/4
VM Eait India . . . . «S | Eut India 4/7
Samplet forwarded, on application to the above Addreu. [l 280
Lately ptAltMhed, Sro., price 18«. cloth; or large paper, royal
Svo., price II. llf. 6d.,
A TREATISE on the CLIMATE and METEOR-
OLOGY of MADEIRA; by the late J. A. Mason,
M.D., inventor of Mason's Hvgrometer. Edited by James
Sheridan Knowles. To whioh aro attached a Review of
the State of Agriculture and of the Tenure of I.and, byGEOROE
Peacock, D.D., F.R.S., &c. kc, De.\u of F.ly, and Lown-
dean Professor of Astronomy in the Lniversity of Cam-
bridge ; and an Historical and Descriptive Account of the
Island, and Guide to Visitors, by John Driver, Consul for
Greece, Madeira. London : Joim Churchill. Livei-pool :
Deigiiton and Lagohton.
Messrs. Deiohton and I^AiioirroN have constantly on sale
a burse assortment of Guide Books, Maps, Plans of Towns,
tte., includiDji Black's Guides to England, i^cotlanJ, AValcs,
t(C. ; Cliff's, Parry's, aud other Guides to Wales; and Mur-
ray's Handbooks for the Continent.
Also lately published, Second Edition, price li., Hints to
PSDEnBIANS.
Ifo. 46, Church-itreet, Liverpool. [l 281
ORRERY GLOBE.
Challenge to all the World!
JOHN D. HAILES' ORRERY GLOBE, rpgistercd
May 17, 1848, which practically displays Joshua's Mi-
racle Time, May 22, 2348 a.m. ; the variation and change of
variations of the magnet from the Creation ; also change of
meridian eastward to Europe, with increase and decreaiie of
latitude at different times and places, and that the magnetic
point is the fixed pole of the terrestrial globe, and therefrom,
with the centre oisun and pole of world, is obtained the true
principle equation of time, which time varies a little nearly
at every longitude around the earth. Tlie said globe Is now
(and has been since Jnne, 1848) exldbited at the Royal Poly-
technic Institution, Regent-street, I.ondon ; and J. D. II.
CONTINUES TO CHALLENGE the learned or the world
■•o uispiitf. its riusripuEs with juotice. — JOHN DAVEY
liAILKS, Wigfurd House, Kiiigsbridgo, Devon.
The almve was inserted in the Times of April lOth, June
8nd and 16th, 1849, and Eveter Gazette.
SciiNCK, the Loch of Dible Truth, all the ll'iirln Divine,
Magnetic Key— unloclt tlie Truth— Sun, Muon, and Earth give
Time.
Joshua rei'orda I he Sun vertical to Oiheon—Strahu alter a time to
Suene.
/layKiirope increaiei in Latitude— Ecliptes give paat and 'kture
Time,
I have rpaaon to t>elievB tliat Solar witli Mean Time varies a iillle
v.eariy at every l)e{{roe at Lonuitude around lliu Globe. For instance,
In liondon tluiy a^ree with eacli ottii-r April lAth, September lat, and
about the time iif Summer and W inter Solstices. Nat ao 1 tliiiik in
Ireland. I apprised the Itarl of Rouse (who nrecteil the large tele-
«eopein Ireland) on November bth, 1844, and the Itoyal Soeiety,
S/indon, on February lat, I84S, that I eonsidere<l these times lo agree
at tile West nf Ireland atiout April •I'.M, August ifStli, and also near
' thetimeor solatio^s; but to this date I have received uo reply from
either party m to cKrrectness or incoirectness. — .Vay, 1W51.
Knglaiid is atiaiiiini; a greater ialilude, exactly in the same propor-
tion as tlie aolsiici'x of the <Ha are retreating IVom England, which ii
yearly, nvery tmitH itmtntity.
The above principle is the true cause of the alteration in the varia-
tion of the magnet. JUIIN U. IIAII.ES.
J 1)67]
M. BALL,
Jewbllbbs' PLAIN and FANCY PAPER BOX Maker,
No. 35, Duncan-place, London-fields, Hackney.
Tomn and Country Orders punctually executed. [i62
F. HANCOCK (a Successor to S TORR and
t MORTIMER), JEWELLER and SILVERSMITH,
by Appointment., to all the principal Sovereigns of Europe,
REMOVED to 33, Bruton-street, Berkeley-square. [i 20
PHILIP GEORGE DODD, SILVERSMITH"
JEWELLER, and WATCHMAKER, 79, CoBsmu
(Royal Exchange side), respectfully invites attention to his
very elaborately-wrought Silver Plate, suitable for Wedding
Presents, Presentation, and other purposes. For temit
apply as above. — See Catalogue, [i 107
RETTIE&SONS,JEWELLERS.-SC()TCII
• PEBBLE and ABERDEEN GRANITE JKWKL-
LERY of the liest description. SILVER CREST and
MOTTO BROOCHES for Gentlemen's BonneU and Plaida
executed in a superior manner. 1.^1, Union-street, Aberdeen.
Sae page in Illustrated Catalogue. [i 66
TMITATIVE CAMEO WAFERS are suitable fo'r
X all climates, particularly the F.ast Indies and other hot
countries. In boxes containing &0, 5«. Henry Thomp80!i,
Inventor and Maker, Albert Cottage, Weybridue Com-
mon, Sdrrey Orders by post attended to. A variety
large Cameos for Ornamental Work.
sty of
[1 16
HAIR JEWELS an.l MEMENTOS MANUFAC-
TURED by B. LEE, Artist in Hair and Goldsmith,
41, RATHBONE-PLACE, Oxford-street, London.— A book
of designs and prices sent by post for six stamps [i 10
THOMAS BEST, Manufacturer of Pocketbook!,
Writing Desks, Dressing Cases, Razor Strops, Ladies'
Compinions, Bill Cases, &c., in Russia and Morocco
Leather. No. 9, St. Mary's-row, Birmingham. [i iO.*)
JDOBBY, 95, STRAND, has an Extensive Assort-
• ment of Ivory Table Knives, with fine Razors, and
fine Scissors, Pen «nd Pocket Knives, with the best Needles.
Has been established as a Manufacturer 25 Years.
95, Stranp, next door to Ackerman's. [1 85
THE ORIGINAL FOUR-SIDED METALLIC
TABLET aud RAZOR STROP, Invented by G. Sabn-
DKiis, in the city of New- York, in the year 1817. It is used
anii recommended by the first cutlers in Europe. Self-shaving
gentlemen are invited to bring in a razor tltat requires setting,
and see the effect before they purcliase.
Depot, 278, Stii AND. [i 32
WIRE NETTING and WINDOW BLIND
MANUFACTORY. To her Majesty's Hon. Board
of Ordnance, and the Hon. East Indiii Company.— Wiro
Netting \d. per square foot ; galvanized ditto, nxiuiring no
paint, 2rf. ; Wire Blinds, in mahogany frames, and bolts
complete. Is, lOrf. per foot ; Zinc ditto. Is. M. per foot;
Venetian, Sd. per foot ; Holland, Transparent, and 'rt indow
Blinds of all kinds. Old Blinds repaired, rcpaintml, and
written upon. Wire-work for Flo«er Trainers, Cnrdeii
Arches, Seats, Pheasantrlcs, Aviaries, and Fowl Houses, of
every description of pattern. Fire and Nursery (iuanls, and
every article in Iron and Wiro, At the City of London \V ire-
Work, Iron Fence, and Weaving Manufactory, 44, Skinneh-
street, and 6 and 8, Snowhill, London. Every infor-
mation, with samples or specimens, and illustrated cata-
logue, forwarde<l post frse. Wove wiro for papcr-makere,
millers, chemists, and for the East and West ludies.
(See Catalogue.) [" ■»'
,1861.]
MISCELLANEOUS.
37
TO FOREIGNERS AND VISITORS
SOTHB
GREAT EXHIBITION.
Among the number of objects of interest
besides the ExUbition wliich will engage
the attention of the Visitors to the " World's
Fair," London shops and their decorations
are certain to cliaUenge their notice when
perambulating the metropolis. Pre-eminent
among these, and in a direct line from the
Cryslal Palace, stands the extremely elegant
Eatablishmont lately opened by
H. P. TBXJEFITT,
At 114, PiccADitXT ;
being a branch of his far-famed Establish-
ment at Nos. 20 and 21, Burlington-arcade
(established upwards of thirty years). The
Front, unequalled, it is believed, in any
capital of Europe, is elaborately carved in
Caen stone ; whilst the spacious saloons for
Hair-cutting, and private rooms for Hair-
dressing, dyeing the Hair, and washing the
head, are arranged with exquisite taste, and
replete with every convenience. None but
Assistants of flrstrrate talent are engaged;
and in the shop will be found a splendid
selection of every requisite for the toilet,
.^e prices are in strict conformity with the
economical spirit of the times. The charge
for Hair-cntting is One Shilling. Everything
in the same proportion.
j.Amvar HUS-DSESSINO. — In tliis department H. P. Tkhefitt can now challenge the world, having secured the
assistance of artists who are allowed to be unequalled ; whilst his frequent visits to Paris socure every novelty in style,
without the enormous prices charged by foreigners in this country. Lessons in Hair-dressing, without any extra charge tot
court hair-dressing. A splendid assortment of Ladies' fancy Twist Combs.— 20, 21, Arcade ; 114, 1'iccadiHy.
CERTAINTT IS DYJUKO THE HAIR has at last been thoroughly effected by the " TINCTUKA," a tiragrant extnet,
by which any shade in brown or black is produced instantly and permanently. Those who have l>cen deceived by any of
the dyes in use at present will appreciate the value of this important discovery. Private rooms, replete with every con-
venience, are reserved expressly tor its application. — 114, Piccadilly.
FEBFECmOK IH WIO-MAXIKO is accomplished by the introduction of H. P. TntEPrn's NEW DIVISION, which
combines the durability of the skin with the transparency of the net parting, ond perfectly avoids that great objection to
ornamental hair, the DARK LINE ON THE FOREHEAD, it being now impossible to discover where the wig commences.
This valuable discovery is applicable to ladies' bands, fronts, &c. — 114, PiccadHlt/i and 20, 21, Arcade. [i 195
BROWN BROTHERS, 165, Piccadilly, Manufac-
turers. Patent Suspensory Chair, forming Couch or
Bed, extremely portable and luxurious, eminently service-
able for invalids, the camp, or drawing-room. [i 47
RICHARD GUNTER'S BRIDE CAKE ESTAB-
LISHMENT, comer of Motcomb and Lowndes street,
Knightsbridge. Wedding Breakfasts, Dinners, Balls, and
Parties furnished complete, with wines and attendant8.[i 30
JAMES LAPTHORN, SAIL-MAKEIl, GOS-
POKT.— A Suit of Sails, on an inch scale, of the Brig
Yacht " Anonyma," 450 tons. Also Modei. of same from
the Water Line up.
{See Cntaloyue.) [illO
JAMES TOWNSEND, Manufacturer of cvory
description of AIR OlINS and CANES on the most
improved principles, and Powder Walking-stick Guns in
every variety.
11 and 12, Sand-ttreet, St. lifar^g-aguare, Birmingluim. [i 1G2
JOHN SANDERS, Manufacturer of the PATENT
INDIAN RUBBER WATERPROOF UMBRELLA
TENT, Registered, 11, Fore-street, Cripplegatc, London.
Suitable for gentlemen's gardens, lawns, and pleasure-
grounds, and to all climates. [i 124
CLASS 28. — Spkcimicns.— GUTTA PERCHA
ESTABLISHMENT —A. TiiouNand Co., by Appoint-
ment, 98, New Bond-street, London. Looking-glnss, Picture,
and Print Frames, Console Tables, and House Decorations,
are now manufactured of Gutta Percha, gilt and ungilt,
resembling the finest Wood Curving, which will not break or
crack. Inkstands, Card-trays, and many other fancy goods.
Aloo every other article mnnufacturril by the (Jnttn Perchn
Company, as at their Works, 18, ty/tar'-ruad, Citi/-roiid,
LonduH. [i 2"it
HENDRIE'S PERFUMERY, patroniicd by the
highest Circles for Eighty Years, continues to be fo-
voured by a decided preference. Pekfumer to ber Ma-
jesty, 12 and 13, Ticiiiiorne-stkeit, <4uadrakt, [i ISO
See Catalogue.
RYDE, ISLE OF WIGHT.
HOPGOOD'S CELEBRATED IIAIR-CREAM
is forwarded to any part of England, in \l. packages,
free of carriage. May be had in London of the following
Agents : G. W. Court, 28i, Regent-street ; J. Gosnell and
Co., 12, Three King-court, City ; J. H. Donacian, .58, Edge-
ware-road ; and Diethiciison and H annay, 63, Oxford-street.
Communications rcspeotingthehairor scalp answered. [i278
R. HAYES, SURGEON DENTIST, 42, St.
Martin's Lane, begs to announce that he supplies
every description of Artificial Teeth at moderate charges,
and can only be consulted at 42, S(. Martin'i Lane. [l 225
NGLERS of iho FOUR QUARTERS of the
WORLD visiting LONDON will find the best-selected
stock of Fishing-rods, Flics, and Tackle, suitable for their
various climates, at John Kinh Fari.ow's Fishing Tackle
Manufactory, 5, Crooked-lane, Lonilon Briitge. Catalogues
of Prices gratis. [« 252
VISITORS TO THE EXHIBI'I'ION are respect-
fully informed that MADAME TUSSAUD and SONS'
Historical Gallery having been enlarged, by desire of
the Public, to double its original si/,e, in luinourof the Exhi-
bition, uo one nee»l fear paying the Promenade a visit, as
both space and ventilation are providetl. The Collection,
the lorgest in Europe, consists of 160 Public Characters,
and has been cslablishoil fifty years.
"Tliia ii one nftlie Iwst alKlita In tliamctropoli*."— TimM.
Admittance, Is. >''aiM)UM>u Rooms and Chamber of Hor<
rors, 6d. Open from 1 1 till lu at night.
BAZAAR, Bakeii-sthe£t, Pohtman-squark. [i 300
38
OFFICIAL ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE ADVERTISER.
[1861.
rffliHilFr
BY APPOINTMENT. — Madams MICHEL
OUIBILEI, Milliner and DnMnwker to Her Mi^ty,
I, Little Aigyll-etreet, Refrant-stieet, liM jiut returned ttota
Puis with unpreoedontod Koveltlee. [i 94
F»R SALE, a fancy omamenUi BED-QUILT, de-
signed and worked by CATaawNB FANcoDHTjOf Grlni«-
tiiorpe, Bourne^ Llneolnthira. Price SOf. [i ia7
RS. GIBSON, 50, MORTIMER-STREET,
CAVENDISH-SQUARE, Deder in, Kepidrer and
Cleaner of, all kinde of Laoe. BrusMls, Honlton, and
Point Laoe exehanged for lAdlee' or Children'sWardrobee ;
or Wardrobes purcbaeed to any amount. — Every deeorlption
of Laoe-work done on the promisei. [i 18
IRISH POPLIN or TABINET. — The ONLY
HOUSE for the cxcluBivo Sato of this beautifUl Manu-
faeture, so muoh admired for Ladles' Dresses and Gentle-
men's Waistcoats, is ELuoT*g, removed from Pall Mail to
54, St. James's-street, Piooadilly. [i 108
ENNETT and CO., Manufacturers of UTRECHT
or MOHAIR VELVETS, for the decoration of Furni-
ture, lining Carriages, fcc. Also PLUSHES and other
Worsted goods.— London and Manchester. [i 50
and J. DANBY, FRINGE and GIMP MANU-
t FACTURER8,«cc., 14, Coventrv-streft, and 43, New
Boiio-STRER', beg to call the attention of the nobility and
Smtry to their extensive stooics of Fringes, Gimps, Tassels,
uttons, Cords, Laces, Bindings, do,, both for Dress and
Furniture Trimmings. Every description of the above
Goods made to order with accuracy ana despatch. [i 140
THOMAS BARTLEET and SONS, FALCON
HALL, SiiiVBR-«rRBirr, WooD-nREcr, LuMnoN, and
136, Gnat Charla-ttrtet, Birmingham^ WOOLLEN WARE-
HOUSEMEN, and all articles connected with Men's Mer-
eery ; also Manulkcturers of Buttons, Needles, &c., in every
variety. [i 155
PL EN DID CHINTZ FURNITURES.—
GRAND EXHIBITION CHINTZES.— Clarmon and
Co,
the
Spring Stock of Magnificent Chinta Furnitures ; some of
wnleh have been designed expressly for the Exhibition. — 17,
CovBMTRY-flTREET, Opposite the Haymarket. [i 185
CAPPER and WATERS, Makers of the
CORAZZA SHIRT,
26, Jtegent-street, St. James's.
Siirts of every description, from 3(. M. to U. each ; excel-
lent at 6(. and 8i. fit/. Every recent improvement.
See Catalogue,
[I 27
THE REGISTERED POLKA COLLAR.—This
COLLAR is the only one really adapted to ONCE-
ROUND CRAVATS. — Nlay be had of every respectable
Hosier and Draner in tlie United Kingdom : wnolosale
(only) of G. R. Woouiar, 36, Wooo-Strgit, London, [i 142
JOSEPH Bi'IE AND COMPANY,
FREM H SHIRT MAKERS.
The elegance of French make, combined with the dura-
bility of English materials, a desideratum long wished for,
has now been satisfisctorily obtained by Messrs. J. BKIE
and Co, — Wholesale and Retail Establislimcnt, 180, Rc{;cnt-
street, — Good Plain Shirts, from 6«. 6il. Linen Shirts, from
10*. M. Dress Shirts, from 8«, 6(/. [i IU4
ICHARD ATTENBOROUGH, 19, PICCA-
DILLT, begs to coll attenMon to the " PAXTON
SPOON" ($et illuitralire page), and the " Alrant Tea
akd Cofteb Service," lK>th elegant in design, agreeable to
use, and yet less expensive than the ordinarv patterns. Being
registered, they can only be obtained as above. Orders by
Post, containing a remittance or n reference, promptly exe-
cuted, [i <J2
THRESHER and GLENNY, HOSIERS TO THE
QUEEN, n«peotflilly Invlta attention to th« ibllowiag
Artiolet manuftotured exclusively by them, and which esn
only be procured at their Warehousa, I9S, Shxmd, mm dooi
to SoMEassr House, London.
THRESHER'S INDIA GAUZE WAISTCOATS, Ughter,
softer, and loss expensive than the finest Flaanate, and per-
fectly flree from every Irritating or disagreeable quality.
THRESHER'S SUPERIOR HOSIERY, oomprisbig even
kind of Silk, Thread, Cotton, Caehmere, and Woollen Stoek-
lugs. Drawers, Waistcoats, Sooka, and Gloves, of the vmt
best description that can M manuflkotured.
THRESHER'S SILKEN-THREAD HOSIERY, a New
Material for Summer Wear, exeeedingly light, atrong, sad
elastie, particularly adapted for Warm CiimatM^
THRESHER'S SILKEN-WOOL HOSIERY, a new dt-
soription of Woollen Hosiery, warranted not to shrink in
wasning, and extremely thin, warm, soft, and strong,
THRESHER AND GLENNY, HOSIERS, 8UIRT-
MAKERS, AND OUTFITTERS, 152, Strand, next door
to Somerset House. [i 91
JAMES FRY, GODALMING. SURREY, Manu-
facturer of FLEECY and other HOSIERY : and of
every description of Underclothing for Ladles and Gentle-
men, shaped from the flrame, in Iiamb's-woul, SegoTis,
Merino, and Cotton. Also, Laides' Silk and Lisle llirtad
Stockings of the finest quality, plain and embroidered, [i 77
Rodgers's Improvements in Shirts.
RODGEBS'S IMPROVED SHIRT, No. 84.
THESE SHIRTS arc cut u|)on a new and improved
principle, which insures a most correct and comfort-
able nt. Perfect satisftction (as usual) is guaranteed, or
the money returned. The Prices are,
31/6 or 37/6 the half-dozen.
The Ready-made Stock is the best, the cheapest, and tho
largest in London, and comprises Shirts of every descripUon.
Superb Dress Shirts (for evening wear) in great variety,
from 5/6 to 8/6, and upwartU.
A Choice of 200 now designs in Kogatta and other
Fashionable Coloured Shirts,
Six for 20/-, or Six very beat far 26/-.
New Patterns, Prices, and Directions for Solf-mcasuroincnt,
gratis and post-flree.
Hosiery, Gloves, Scarfs, Cravats, Ties, and Silk
Pocket-handkerchiefs,
AT EXCEEDIMQLY MODERATE PIUCES,
RODGERS & CO.,
SHIRT-MAKERS, HOSIERS, AND OUTFITTERS,
5t), St. )tfartin's-lane, Charing-cross, and No. 29, at tli«
Comer of New-street, Covent Garden, London.
(EsTADLisnED 60 Years.)
* »* Country Agents wanted to tell the " Impruted Shirts." [l 48
18B1.]
DRAPERS, CLOTHIERS, ETC.
39
. ^..H 4^¥^^
ents in Shirts.
HATS FOR EXPORT.— TRESS and CO. will,
on and after May Ut, 1851, show their New Doslgni,
embodying great improvemont«, and well adapted for
foreign olimatet, at tlieir Manufactory, CnRincHURCH-TARD,
BLACKFRiABS-noAO, (Exhibited inCla»» 20, No. 102.) [i 191
GRAND EXHIBITION.— Messrs. VYSE, Mil-
liners, and Manufacturers of British and Foreign
Straws to the Queen and Royal Family, respectfully an-
nounce that they have ready for inspection the Fashions
for the present year, composed from materials they have
deposited in the Exhibition of All Nations. Ladies honour-
ing their Magasin dee Modes with theirpatronage will find
a fixed pricd attached to every article. French and G erman
spoken.— aO, Ludgate-itreet, St. Paul'$. [i 228
TO PRESERVE LIFE IN SHIPWRECK.
LAURIE'S PATENT FLOATABLE HATTREB8E8, PILLOWS,
LIFE-BELTS, AND BUKDItY BUOYANT ARTICLES,
S. W. SILVER & CO.,
SOLE LICENSEES.
EVERY Ship Mattress will sustain eight persons in
the water ror an indefinite period, and at a small in-
crease on the usual cost of those in common use. Every
pillow or seat-cushion will sustain one or more persons. The
LIFE-BELTS are PREVENTIVES to sinking, the cheap-
est yet submitted, very portable, and applied in an instant in
cose of accident. Thus, individuals going a long voyage,
or a short trip, or yachting, boating, or ferrying, ought to be
ftimished with one of these various clever Preventives to
sinking, which may be seen and tested at the Manufacturers',
S. W. SILVER & CO.,
CLOTHIERS, OUTFITTERS, and CONTRACTORS,
66 and 67, CORNHILL,
And 4, BISHOPSGATE-STREET, LONDON,
And at LIVERPOOL,
where Passengers may be supplied with the whole or any
portion of their Outfit (including Folding Furniture for Cabin
and after use) without sacrificing the too usual intermediate
profit, SILVER & Co. being the Makers of the manifold
articles in the Outfit, and supplying them at their Shipping
Prices.
Department for Outfitting Cadets and Cabin Passengers
generally. Naval and Military Uniforms, and Clothing for
Home use, at 66, Corniiili..
Department for Outfitting Ladies, and for Home use, with
experienced Female Managers, 66 and 67, CoRNinLL.
Depwtment for very low-priced OUTFITS, 4, Bisnops-
OATE-sTREET, Opposite the London Tavern, where a com-
fortable Fit-out for a four months' voyage may bo procured
for Four Guineas, including a FLOA'rABLE MATTRESS.
DRAFTS on Avstraija, 30 days" sight, at par. [i 80
ULLATHORNES and LONGSTAFFS, No. 12,
Gate-stueet, Lincoln's Inn Fieloh, London, Manufac-
turcrsof Shoemakers', Sadlcrs', and 11 arness-makcrs' Threads,
and Ullathorne's Heel Balls for Shoemakers' use. Manufac-
tory at Barnard Castle, county of Durham, England. Es-
tablished in the year 17LM). Number of hands employed
350 to 400. See Exhibitiun Official Cataloguet. [l 16i>
ALLEN & SON, Tbkffoarne, Havebfobowkst,
South Wales, Deiij/nert and Manufacturert. Improved
Wateuphoof SiiooTiNo-BooTS, consisting of a Tongue the
elasticity of which admits the foot without folds ; leg soft ;
the footing strong, impenetrable, and impervious to wet ;
combined with iron, which prevents slippmg in going over
fences and banks, or in ascending or descending mils, fcc.
To order, 24«. ; wholesale, 21(. per pair. [i 184
SEOnOHm., CIASSES 18 and U.
FREDERICK SCHWANN, HUDDERSFIELD
and LEEDS.— FANCY VESTINGS of all desoripUons,
fancy and plain Quiltings, Pantaloon Stuff's of all descrip-
tions, of pure wool, and wool, or worsted, and cotton;
Buckskins, Doeskins, Over-coat Cloths, Paletot Beavers,
Pilot Cloths, Petershams, Linings, Cassiuetti), Cashmerets,
Merinos, Shoe and Boot Cloths, Barracans, Grograms, Sum-
mer Coatings, Cassimercs, Kerseys, plain Cloths (pure wool
and with cotton), Paddings, Ponchos, Bajctas, Baitas, Cien
Uilos, Blankets, Carpets, of all descriptions ; ladies' and
children's Dress Goods; Printed Paramattas and Merinos
(for the Levant) ^ Table-covers, Scotch and Irish Linen and
Table Licens, Linen and fancy Drills, Linen, Sewing, am''
Shoe Thread, Linen and Worsted Yams, Spun Silk, Genappa
Cord, Worsted Knittings, Nails, Suorts, Flax, Hemp,
&c. &c. &c. [i 1.15
UNS, RIFLES, PISTOLS, AIR-GUNS.—
The most extensive and magnificent assortments of
Double Fowling Pieces, of every calibre, our own London
manufacture, combining all the latest improvements and
most superior workmanship, at prices according to finish
and exterior ornament, from Ton to Twenty Guineas. —
Superb Double Rifles, of the most highly improved construc-
tion, accurate sighting and sliootintt, with round, belted, or
cone moulds, included. Ten to 'Ihirty Guineas. Extra
Barrels, for shot, fitting in the same Stock, Ten Guineas,
being, with case and apparatus, the most portable and com-
plete outfit for India, or any foreign service, at Twenty
Guineas and upwards. — Single Fowling Pieces and Rifles,
of various calibre, from 2 ounces up to a pea-bullet, suitable
for every purpose, at home or abroad. Five to Fifteen
Guineas, 'frial at our private Shooting Grounds, 300 yards.
Pistols, Doui)le and Single, in immense variety, in cases,
with opparatuB. Most p<;rfect Self-acting Revolvers. Curious
Ball-practising Pistols. Improved Air-Canes, from 65».
Orders packed and shipped, or forwarded overland, without
delay or trouble to purchasors. — Terms, Cash. fi 245
REILLY, Gun Maki;ii, IVctc O.rford-itreet, Londvn.
40
OFFICIAL ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE ADVERTISER.
[i»l.
WALTER EVMS & CO.,
OF
Darley Abbey, near Derby.
(Art all tnuuaetioiu an datad Debbt.)
iPBcuiEiw or
SUPERIOR SEWING COTTONS
AMD
CROCHET COTTONS
((•nenlljr called Boab's Hiad Cottohi),
AMD OF
KMITTINa COTTONS.
The Boar's Head is the Family Crest of Messrs. Evans
and has been used by them as the distlnguisliing marli upon
th..."'. Goods for nearly forty years. [i 2i»
ESTABLI6UED 1769.
WAUGH & SON.
LONDOlt CARPET WAREHOUSE,
3 & 4, Goodge-street.
CARPET MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS.
Designers and Proprietors of a Royal Velvet Pile
Carpet. (Sue Catalogue.) [i 3'J
W. BUSS,
MANUFACTIKER OF FANCY WOOLLENS,
CHIPPING-NORTON, OXON.
KERSEY and Prince's Checks, in variety, for
Summer and Winter Horse-clothing.
Worsted Webs, for Saddlc-girtlis, Rollers, Bracp i,and Belts.
Imperial stout clastic Tweeds, for Gentlemeiis Tiowsers,
remarlcable for substance and durability.
Shawls— The Alpa Vicugna Royal Shawl, very soft, warm,
and light.
The Royal Angola and Royal Beaver Shawls.
The Royal Harc's-down Shawl.
Press Bagging and Straining Cloth, for pressing and refin-
ing Oil.
Venetian Cords, for lining Carriages and covering Furni-
ture.
The Royal Be<l and Cot Coverlets— rra/tfcro/.
The Oxford Wrapper, or improved Railway Apron— re-
guteral. (See Catalogue.) [i 174
LONDON
PAPER HAHGIllfi COMPAKY.
Nos. 42 AMD 43, POULTRY,
CORNER OF OLD JEWRY, CHEAPSIDE.
Ertablished 1838.
THE piiblic may now obtain all the most beautiful
PAPER HANGINGS, comprehending many hundred
vaneties of the richest designs, at unprecedented «)w
PRICES.
The Patterns suitable for Bedrooms, Staircases, &o., vary
from one halfpennjf to three halfpence per yard.
Chlnti, Arabesque, Damasks, and Elizabethan Designs,
pvlnted in six or seven brilliant and durable Coloun, for
Drawing and Sitting rooms, tit twopence per yard.
Oak Paper one penny per yard.
Satin and Ornamental Papers equally cheap.
Estimate* given and Patternt forwardedon ap/ilication to
»168] C. J. GORDON, .Vuna^er.
THOMAS PEARCB AND SON,
33, Lddqatc-hux, Lomdon.
LAMPS, CHANDELIERS, LUSTRES, CUT
TABLE GLASS; DINNER, DESSERT, Tea, Break-
ftat, and Toilet Services ; CLOCKS, flnt-olass Brontes,
Alabaster, Ornamental China, and Bohemian Glass ; CAN-
DELABRA, Candlesticks, Inkstands, PUted Goods, Tea
Trays, fco.
The attention of Merohanta and Families flimishing la
particularly requested to the above.— Every article ii
marked in plain figures. [ 1(7
HENRY TRAPNELL & SON, ~
Oabinet-lCakan, Vpholitann, and UndarUkm; ?ap«.
Eugan, Deoonton, aim Complete Varniibtn,
THE CITY CABINET MANUFACTORY,
2, St. JAMES.:! BARTON, BRISTOL.
DESIGNS, PLANS, and ESTIMATES given for
Furnishing Houses in any part of the kingdom.
Blankets, Quilts, Counterpanes, and all kinds of Bedding.
Spring Beds and Mattresses of every description, and on
the best principles.
Carpets, Damasks, Silks, Chintzes, and every fabric for
Upholstery, in immense variety, from the first English and
Foreign Wholesale Markets.
The Proprietors of this Firm art genuine Manvfacturert.
H.B.— Solid and portabls Foniituia finr exportation.
{See Calahffue.) [i 196
TO PURCHASERS OF FURNITURE,
CARPETS, CURTAINS, AND UPH01.STERY.
PERSONS in search of really good and substantial
FURNITURE, at moderate prices, should visit the
extensive Furmituke Show-Rooms of Messrs. ATKINSON
and Co., 70, 71, 72, 78, 74, and 76,
Westminster Jiridge-raid, Lambeth,
At these Warehouses the largest and most varied STOCK
of CABINET FURNITURE, UPHOLSTERY, BED-
STEADS, BEDDING, CARPETS, CHINTZES, SILK
and WOOL DAMASKS, CHIMNEY GLASSES, COR-
NICES, &c., is displayed for public inspection; and as all
Messrs. ATKINSON and Co.'s GOODS are made of the
very best Materials by first-rate Workmen, Purchasers msy
rely ou meeting with Articles of good sterling value, and
Warranted.
Books with Prices may be had on application.
It is requested THE ADDRESS may be particularly
observed.
ATKIKBOK AND COMPAlTr,
70 to 75, WB9TuiN9rER Bridge Road, LAMSEm. [il02
W. H. MASON'S CARRIAGE FACTORY,
KINGSLAND-ROAD BASIN, LONDON.
Expenses are moderate in this neighbourhood. Several
Noblemen and Members of the Conservative and Reform
Clubs are standing customers for his superior light and
roomy Droskies, with or without heads ; driving and light
Mail Phaetons ; small Park or George IV. Phaetons ; single
and double Bhouoiiams ; which he flatters himself are sur-
passed by none for either quality, style, or real cheapness.
Let on hire, with tmtion of purchase. Carriagei built for
hot climates. {See Catalogue.) [i 151
1861.]
MANUFACTURES.
41
d Families flirnighingl,
bove,— Every article ii
[i67
<d Undartalnn: Hon.
mplete Fnnlihm,
iANUFACTORY,
)N, BRISTOL.
JTIMATES given for
tofthelcinedom.
md aU Icinds of Bedding
very description, and on
M, ond every fnbric for
m tlie first Englisli and
FURNITIRE,
a UPHOLSTERY.
y good and substantial
prices, sliould visit the
of Messrs. ATKIMSON
[, and 76,
lid, Lambeth.
ind most varied STOCK
JPHOMTKRY, BED-
\ CHINTZES, SILK
HEY GLASSES, COR.
io inspeotion; and as all
aODS ore made of the
vrkmcn, Purcliascrs may
5ood sterling value, and
application.
iS may be particularly
iKFAinr,
KOAD, LAMBETn. [l 102
UN, LONDON.
eigbbourhood. Several
nscrvative and Keform
his superior light and
eads ; driving and light
<eiy. Phaetons; single
iaiters himself are sur-
I'lc, or real cheapness.
Carriage* built for
talogue.) [i 151
\a, very superior ^ r\.
'<>'f "I
See EZRIBmOR OITICIAL OATAIOOITES.
Iil86
42
OFFICIAL ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE ADVERTISER.
[1881.
JOHN BBTANT,
InroBras or CIQARS of tbk nmar Bmamdi,
388, RaonriHfrimrr ; and 0»ab^ntiEXt,Oxro»J>. [i S06
SHERRY, 23t., 27<., 30«..S6«. per dozen. Amon-
ailMlo and Solera. 43*. Port, as«., 28f., SSt. Old
Crusted, 34i. to 48f. Claret and Burgundv, S4f. SparkllnK
Champagne, 40i. All pure and onadultoiated. LEON
FAMm and CO., 31, Gx^»-rom, Tomr-Mll. [i 343
WEBB'S DOIIBLB SODA,
POTASH, SELTZER, and all other WATERS.—
The dangerous contact with lead and copper is avoided
by their patented apparatus, the pipes of wnioh are com-
posed of glass, silver, earthenware. &o. These Waters have
• pure and non-metallic taste, different to all others. Look
on the cork for WXBB'8 DOVBUE MSA WAnB, prepared
only at the Works, Islington Green, London. [i 115
THOMAS DEWAR,
MANUFACTUBER OF
PUBE
inrSTABDS,
NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE.
TtarmowiicL from M. A. Soter, author of " Gattrommie
Beggoemtor."
" I hare with wreml Mendi tt the Club hirly trini your muatud,
and we pnmounre the quality tuperior to any otoer a* reganla purity,
flavour, and itrength. " A . SO YK K .
*• Reform Quh, Fall Mall, SOth Oct. MU." (See Catalogue.) [i 160
P. H. WOOD,
HANUFACTITRER OF HIS CELEBRATED
xMwnsmsra powdbb.
Ibr refining, eoUniring, and imfroeing the fiatour tf Ciiffee,
In Boxes at It. eaoh ;
Alw,
MANUFACTURER AND HOLE INVENTOR OF
THE CELEBRATED
OOLOTTBIlSra FOB SOUPS, OBAVTES, te..
In Boxee at \i. 3d. each.
20, Rcdman's-row, Assembly-place, Milc-cnd,
LONDON. [\ 125
VICKEBS'S OINGEB BRANDT.
ON this Article public favour has impressed the
stamp of perfection. It is a medicine without
nausea, a Liqdeur exhilarating and beneficial; it is an
instant remedy for spasms, and causes nervousness to-
vanish away.
VICKEBS'S OINGEB BBANDT
was intended for the Exhibition, but is excluded because
it cannot be judged of by the eye ; the Visitors are there-
fore informed that it will be found serviceable to many,
before iroing to the Exhibition, as it will render fatigue
endurable, and prove there are merits which do not appeal
to tiie sight. It may l>o obtained, as well as their re-
nowned CURACAO PUNCH, at 3». 6d. per bottle, of every
Spirit Merchant in the kingdom. Also the ORANGE
OINGERETTE, and IMPERIAL LIQUEUR GENEVA
(a very superior specimen of English Gin), in capsuled
bottles, at it. 8d. each.
IFhoktale at the Borongh Market Dutilkry. [i 90
WUMakm * Oo., iMdoa Tlu TUth Uitton of
THE BMIISH IHNE lUKER AND DOMESTIC
DREWER,
By WILLIAM HENRT BOBERT8,
Author of '< TVi ScoUith Ale-Brewer and Practical Mahtter."
THE ART OF MAKING CHAMPAGNE.
HOCK, MADEIRA, and every HOME WINE, with.
out possilrfe chance of failure, as well aa LIQUEUR8,
ALES, BEERS, and PORTER. Describing the Sacgha-
ROMsrEB and its utility in Wime-makino. Contidning slw
a SUPPI.EJIENT, showing the Juice of the Rhubarb-plant to be
as valuable as a basil tot the above Wines aa tiat of the
Orape.
ROBERTS'S FERMENTED BRITISH IVINES.
THESE WINES are made on the same principle n
Foreign, and Specimens have been admitted to the
ExHurnoii. Robbbts's Champaonb and sparkling Hoci,
at aSf . per dozen, are incomparably superior to any sold under
60(. RonBRTs's Hock, with twenty other kinds, is unrivalled.
Assorted sample oases sent direct from the BRirnu Wui
Woau, Edinburgh, free, to Hull, for cash.
JOHN TEEDE. 85, BisnorsoATK-wrnioiJT,
Sole Agent for London, [i 167
VINAIGRE DE BORDEAUX.
W. & S. Mm & SONS,
UPTON-UPON-SEVERN, 1
(ronrs of oloucesteb and Bristol.)
Invite attention to their Stock of
PURE FRENCH WINE
VINEGAK,
In Puncheons, Hogsheads, and Tierfons.
It is of finest quality, highest strength, well ma-
tured, in colour and brilliancy like tho Wine from
which it is made; and for Pickling, Salads, and every
domestic use, preferable tn all other.
" Kent and Sons' Vinaiore de Bordeaux.^ We some
time ago received from Messrs. Kent and Sons a bottle of
this Vinegar. The flavour is delicious, and tlie article
very pure. We cheerfully give it our most cordial recom-
meudation."— CAemutt for Nov. 1850.
Shippers, masters or vessels, and others, can be
supplied, for export, sliijjs' stores, &c., from Bonded
Warehouse, ex duty.
The public may obtain it, at a moderate pri e, of
Chemists, Grocers, and Wine Merchants throughout
the kingdom.
TEBMS ANV> samples ON APFUCATION.
T o _ i 3, Queen-street-place, Cheapside,
London Stores . . . | ' "^^ g R„^g^y^ ^gent.
Liverpool Stor'js .
Huu. Stores
23, Horatio-street,
Jos. Laycock, Agent.
77, High-street,
Headlev & Ngwbau), Agents, [i 3
1861.] DISTILLERS AND BREWERS -INSTRUMENT MAKERS. ETC.
43
Mierate pri «, of
READ'S PATOMT IMSTRCMEMTS.
QARDEN WATERING ENQINE8,
Otidan MMhIaM ud Ryringn upon th* mott impnvad princlpla,
BTOMAOH-PUHFS AND INJECTINQ HA0UIKE8,
D0VBLB.ACT10N APBMTIVB rOIMADIS,
mSOTDIO nrnBimJUIIII for Uonet, Cftttle, ko. &0., and
PBOBAHCM for relioving Horen or Choked BuUooki,
Calves, Sheep, &o.
Mnnufoctured ot^y by
RICHARD READ,
InslriimaU Maker (iy Special AppoinlmeiU) to Her Majesty,
35, BEGENT-CmCUS, PICCADILLY, LONDON.
(See Catalaguf.) [l 118
T. F. SABSONi
BRAZIEK, GAS-FITTER, AND BELL-UANGER,
St. NiCRoi^M-flTREeT, Leiocbter. [i 75
JAMES AUSnNi
Manufacturer of the Imperial Patent *" jh. Clock, Blind, and
Fioturo Line.
8 & 9, Prinees-atreet, Finsbury, Londan. [i 45
ICE m BEFRIGERATORS
AS SDPPUED HER uAitgrr.
THE WENHAM LAKE ICE COMPANY'S
REFBIGERATOB (164a, Strand, London), under the
patronage of her Majesty, the Royal Family, the Nobility
and Gentry, the Admiralty, the Honourable Corporation of
Trinity House, the Royal Mail Steam-Packet Company,
and supplied to Royalty of nearly every nation, is the only
Refrigerator that has stood the test in the hottest climates,
and roaliied all that can be arrived at iu the preservation of
loe, and oooling and preservation of Articles iiaule to
injury in hot weather.
THE COMPANY'S
PURE SPRING-WATER ICE
is delivered iu London daily, and forwarded to all ports of
the Kingdom and the Continent, packed in a manner to
prevent waste.
MANUFACTURERS OF
WINE COOLERS, ICE CREAM MACHINES,
KNIFE CLEANERS,
AND THE
GL.ASS ENAMELLED CISTERNS.
DErdT FOR
BIRD'S SYPHON FILTER,
the most perfect Water Purifier ever invented; can be
adapted at once to any Cistern or Water-butt, and will
yield a constant stream of pure water. May be seen in
operation and Prospectuses had.
THE WENHAM LAKE ICE COMPANY,
164a, STRAND, LONDON. [i 52
ALLSOPP'S
lAST nsIA and VntOVa lOXIOM IIXS.
FREIGNERS visiting England are particularljr
requested to ask for these favourite Ales.
The Pale Alee have been long consumed in the East. In-
dies and nil hot climates for their highly wholesome and
antibllious properties.
The strong Burton Ales (as originally brewed by Wilson
and AUsopp) have been celebrated throughout Russia,
lia, and C
Prussia, and Germany,
London Stores .
LiVBRFOOL „ .
MANCHi>rrKR „ .
BlRMINailAM „ .
Scotland „ .
61, King WilUam4trect, City.
Cook-street.
Ducic-place.
High-street.
33, Virginia-street, Glasgow.
The several Agents at the above places are empowered to
give letters of introduction to aU respectable Foreignera
who may desire to visit the Brewery at Bubton-on-
Trent. [i 40
GELATINE and GLUE for every ]»urpo«e, of the
purest kind : •vUo Coloured Sheets. Manufacturer, F.
Miiller, Hackmy : Agent, J. Maine, 7, Union Court, Old
Broad Street, City. [i 93
By Her
Majeatjr'a
Letters
Fat«at.
u,
Ct. IVBIiSOM, DAIiH dc Co.
BUCKLEBSBUBY, LONDON,
AND EM8COTE MILLS, WARWICK.
MuMfactorera of
The Patent Opaque Gelatine,
Patent Refined TiringTajw
Perfect substitutes for Russian lainglass, fbr all eulinary patposai.
Brilliant Gelatine, Gelatine Lozenges,
And every other description of Gelatines.
Extract frum Or. URE'S Testimonial.
"I find Hr. 0. Nelson's Patent Opaqne Qelatlae to
b< at least equal in strength and purity, IF MOT SUPERIOR to the
BEST ISINGLASS, for everjr culinarj purpose t it is entirely
free from any impregnation of ACID, snch as I have found to exist
in the OTHER KINDS of OelaUna In the London Markets."
In Packets from Od.to 10s> each.
A Sixpenny Packet makes One Quart of Jelly.
As these Articles will keep in any Climate, they an strongly
recommended to Merchants, Captains and others; for exportation,
also for the use of the Army and Navy Mess Tables, Club Houses
and Hotels.
To be had of most rospeetable Chemists, Grocers and Oilmen,
in the United Kingdom^
Sir,
Norwich Barracks, 5 March IStl.
As I constantly require to use your OpofM
Gelatine, I hare daily more and more admin-
tion at the beauty, the quality, and the eco-
nomy it possesses.
The Officers of the Regiment Iiare assured
me, that they nerer tasted any thing so deli>
clous as the Jellies, Blancmange, and every
thing else which I make tram your ingenious
OomposlUon; and to have tasured the tesUmony of their approval,
is Indeed much to gain. From my own experience in America,
Franco and EngUnd, I have no hesitation in saying that I never found
Jellies, &o. appear to have half so much brilUancy, as those I can
produce from your Opoque OeUtine. The general want of cleanli-
ness in the preparation of Calves' Feet for JeUy, which must leave a
dnUness in the Jellies, is guarded against by adopting the use of
your Om"' Oelatin.. Tour, verytr^'^-g^j^^^^j,^
Hr G. Nelson. Messinan llth Hussars.
44
OFFICIAL ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE ADVERTISER.
[IMI.
NEWBOULD & BAILDON,
MANUrACTUREUS OF
TABLE, PEN, POCKET, AND SPORTSKAN'S KNIVES,
SURREY WORKS, SHEFFIELD.
■OLE MANUFACTDRERS Or
"ROBERTS'S PATENT TABLE KNIVES,"
the liandiM of which cauHot be injured or lootened by hot leattr. Thoy ore fastened by means ot a dovetail tang, as shown
above, without rosin or cement of any kind.
N. k B. beg tocnll attention to their new " Ktoistf.iif.d" FAST-IIANDLK lYOKY TABLE KNIVES, which «r«
made without the use of cement, and cannot I>eo«mo loose by being put into hot boiling \'ator. TlieJ^ will be found tu bo
the most durable article ever offered to the public, and may be had of any respectable f itior or Ironmonger In London or
the country. None arc genuine unless marked in full NEWBOULD fc BAILDUN, Regir.ered, March 24, isni, No. S741. [i 274
HARCOURT QUINCEY, lURMINGIIAM and
SHEFFIELD AGENT for all descriptions of Export
Ironmongery, 82, Unttm-ganlm, Lmihm ; I'ntenfce of Convex
Iron Kevoiving^<afoty-8hutters•, Corrugated Window-Blinds,
in perforated Metal ; common Oil-Lamps, with China Conra ;
Foldiod Paper Lamp and Candle Shades ; and of the Ih:>|
Pedestal Coal Vase. [i 227
IBBOTSON BROTHERS & Co.,
SHEFFIELD, ENGLAND,
HANUFACTtTRKRB OF EVEBY DESCRIPTION OF
ST£EL AND FILES
FOR ENOINEERINU FURPOtlES; AI40
RAILWAY SPRINGS, SAWS, EDGE-TOOLS,
SCYTHES,
CUTLERY, AND MACHINE KNIVES ;
AMD
GEKERAL MERCHANTS.
CORPORATE MARK-" GLOBE."
AoENT IN London,
Mr. W. H. MAYBUBY, 38, WALBROOK, CITY.
Office in New York, 218, PEARL STREET, [i 178
JOHN WILSON & SON,
8TCAX0BB-8TBXET, SHEFFIELD,
TKe original Manufacturert of Shoe Knive», Butcher^, Bread,
CooU, Cvrrierf, Farriert', Glatiert', Palette, and Weaterr
' Knives, Batchers' Steeh, ^. ^c,
DEEM it right to apprise their friends that not only
does their Mark continue to be piratf.d both in this
Country and on the Continent, but that certain unprincipled
persons, who are doterrc<I from striking the said Mark only
from a fear of being visited with legal proceedings, have re-
sorted to another mode of imposition, and, in obder to evade
THE i.,vw, are vending Articles marked
WllSON
I. Wu.soN, only ; or,
or.
Refined Steel
Geo. Wilson.
Wlt?OM
■Warkanted '
In eoch case omitting the Corporation Mark.
OBSERVE.
All Knives, Steels, &c., of John Wilson and Son's Manu-
facture, arc stamped with their Corporation Mark, " thur
Peppercorns and a Diamond" thus Jg*, in one of the fol-
lowing forms : —
L Wilson J«« I. Wilson
2gJ* Refined Steel
^» I. Wii^N ^« I. Wilson
W'a rbanted Shear Steel [i 210
UHlTANNlA WOUICS, SHEFFIKL1>.
^ROADHEAD AND ATEIN,
PATE. ELECTRO SILVER-PLATERS fc GILDERS,
MAMIFACTUUEHS OF
Electro Plat?, Britiah Plate, Anglo Plated and Britannia
Metal Oooda. [^
THOMAS PORTER, 9, Sprino Gardbns, Man-
CHESTER, Commission Merchant for the Purchase aud
Sale of British, French, German, American, and other Manu-
factures, Produce, &c. &o. [i 3U1
THOS. LINLEY & SONS, PATENT BELIX)WS
and PORTABLE FORGE MANUFACTURERS, 34,
Stanley-street, Sheffield. Patentees and ManuflMturen
of the Double-Blast Circular Bellows ; Improved Circular,
Patent, and improved Portable Forges ; and general Manu-
facturers of Bellows. Warranted superior quality, [i 192
FISHER and BRAMALL (Hoyle Street Works),
SHEFFIELD, Converters and Refiners of Steel;
Merchants, and Manufactuhers of Improved Files, Rasps,
Saws, &c. ; Importers of Celebrated Marks or Brands of
Foreign Irons for making Blister, Cast, Sheer, Siikit,
Railway and Coach Spring, and every other deecriiilion
of Steel used for Machinery and Engineering purposes.
Approved Circular Saws, of a proper degree of hardness
for cutting Axles, Raiu, and other iron. [i 272
CAST STEEL.
Sand C. WAROLOW, PRACTICAL STEEL
« MANUFACTURERS, Roscoe Field Steel Works, Ma-
linda Street, Sheffield.— tint having supplied specimens of
Steel direct to the Great Industrial Exhibition, we take tlie
present medium of informing the consumers of Cast Steel
that a great portion of the finest qualities of Cutlery from
Sheffield shown in the Crystal Palace is from steel of our
Manufacture. Onj of the partners having been personally
engaged in Refir.ing Steel for upwards of .10 years, we are en-
abled to guarnnt o-e the utmost care and skill to parties intrus^t ■
ing us with orders for the Finer Qualitiee of Cast Steel, [i 293
1851.1
SHEFFIELD MANUFACTURES-OUTTA PERCHA.
45
IB TwraUmn Olaaa Wo. ac |
•altevTi OUm »«i aa, •« tiM OvMkt IriUbtttoai
l.«^-^tX^.
CUTTAf? ^1PERCHA
dovotoil tong, M shown
-E KNIVES, which nrs
«f will bo found to b«
onraoiigor In London or
M, 1851, iVo.S741. [1274
SHEFFIKLIJ.
D ATBIN,
.ATERS fc GILDERS,
> Pliited And BritannU
[1 181
tia Gardbns, Mak-
: for the Purchase and
irioan, and other Manu-
^^^^ [1 301
TENT BELI^WS
NUFACTUHEKS, 34,
tees and Manufitcturen
■«; improved Circular,
M ; and general Manu-
pcrior quality, [i 192
oylo Street Works),
il Refiners of Steel;
mproved Files, Hasps,
ii> Marks or Brands of
Oast, Sheer, Sheet,
very other dcscriptiun
'ingincering purposes.
sr degree of hardness
«n. [i 272
lCTical steel
ield Steel Works, Ma-
upplied specimens of
xnibition, we take the
isumers of Cost Steel
Jlties of Cutlery from
is from steel of our
iving been personally
>f 30 years, we arc en-
kill to parties intrust-
et of Cast Steel. [1292
^i-f'/'i.tA}
LIST OF ARTICLES Mo»«
ly(A«CKiUsV«rfllWOom-
pMilT at il- Okbat Exiii-
■mo» 0^1851.
Wfttmrprpof Appllos-
RpMimfM of eovared (with, and
pAtant waUrptoof Qutte Peich*
einth.
Wtttrpnof mIm for boot* and
Flaea ofMlationed Jean for inwlea.
Hydfopathie bandauei.
Waterproor hnU with metal tip*.
r«r Acrlmiltnral
Fnmpi ftw liquid manur*.
BUhle buekat— TnMMi— IIoT»«ho«
pwl.
Wvt MairaflMtaHBV
Vorpo****
FUt and round bandi Ibr maehl-
nary*
Boeket-Pump bucket— VaWaa,
Cutting board Ibr Klave-makm.
FItM of (bit edging for paper-
■ukm.
Plai holder* (Flnmmer'i patent).
Specimens of packing Ibr steam
engines.
Weshen for cold-water pipes.
BoMe* for flax manuheturers.
Woven driving band, saturated
with Gutta Ferchs.
Specimens of Gutta Percha card
doth, of thrae and four plt»i ; a
substitute for leather for the Iwcks
of cuds used in carding wool
cotton, and other Bbrous sub-
stances.
Vor Maritime VorpoM*,
Anchor 0aats— Buoys— Fishing net
loatii— Life buoys, and air-tight
life-boat cells.
Pilot's hat.
Sou-wetter hat.
Coils of round band for aignal hsl-
liards.
Speaking trumpets.
Decorsttve AppUem>
tloas.
Bnekets — Console table* — Cor-
nices.
Ceiling centres— Mirror and other
frames.
Picture frames — Frieses — Oiian-
doles.
An ornamental side-table, in pa-
nels, lepresenting the fonr Sea-
sons, with glass frame, in three
oompaitmenta. In the style of
Gibbon*.
Chessmsn and stand.
Frame for print of the <*Anti-
Cora-lAW League.'
Dagneneotype frames.
Panels.
Honidings bi imitation of earred
oak, rosewood, be. Ik., for the
decoratton of rooms, ship*' sa-
loons, cabinet work, &e.
Pattern Book of ditto.
SpedmaM of GiUed GutU Percha.
LISTE DES OBJETH entout$
h i/RxPosiTiON dt lamlrei
de lO.'il par la Comunqnitfa-
briiiuanl du antta VsroU.
ArMoIss Zmpermcablea.
Echantillons da tlssus btevites im-
perm6able<.
Semelle* de sonlters et de bottes,
Impermfohles.
Tissii prepare impermeable pour
le* samelles intirieures.
Randsges hydropathiques.
Talons months sur metal, imper-
mtebles.
Aitlolea dlTsaca
Aciioole.
Pompes pour engrais llqulde,
Seau d'Murie— Bourralet de fer-ik-
oheval.
Aitlolea emplojrea duia
lea BIuiimMtiirea.
Bandes platte* et eireulaires pour
Irs msoliinas.
Sean- Seau-de-pompe— Sonspapes,
Planeliette pour laooupo doa gants.
Hoidure k f'usage dea Aibriquanta
da papier*.
Poign6a brevetee par Plummer,
pour I* lin.
Ranfouraga de* pistons des ma-
ehlne*-k-Tapeur.
niaque* de tuyaux h, eau froiile.
Ih>3settes employ6es dans les ma-
nufkctures de lin.
Bande trenee mecanique preparie
avec solution de (>ut,ta Percha.
Momean de toile ranlee, en Outta
Percha, \ trois et h quatre plja,
employes au lieu de ciiir pour la
carilee des eoton-laine* et autrea
tiuua.
Artlelea employee dana
la Xarlne.
Fiotteurs d'ancres — Ilouees — Flot
teura de lllets— Bouees de sauve-
tage, et cellules impermoablea
pour bateaux de aauvetage.
Chapeau de pilote.
t'hapeau " snd-wester" (de marin).
Handes eireulaires pour signaliaer.
Porte-Toix,
Ol^eta do Kuxe et de
Beeoratloa.
Tasseaux— Tablea consoles —Cor-
niches.
Centres de plafonds — Cadre* divers.
Cadrea detableaux— Prises— Giran-
doles.
Une table elegante avec dea pan-
neaux ornes repreientant les
Snatre Saisons avec un ehaasia
e glaoes en trois compartlments.
EcheC4 ct gueridon.
Cadre pour la gravure de 1' " Anti-
Com-Law league."
Cadres pour daguerreotype.
I^neaux.
Houlures, imitations de chine ci-
seli, de bois de rose, &c. Sec, pour
deoorer les salons, I'interieur des
batimentr, &e. &c.
Livre d'^hantillons de ces articles.
(tonemens dores en Gutta Percha.
aurcteal and oUiar
ApplloatloBa.
■led strap*.
Kar cornets.
(Car trumpets.
Hearing apparatus for the deaf in
churenea, Ko. — I'easaries.
Pieces of sheeting for splints.
Pieces of thin sheeting fur bani'-
ages, &c.— -Mtethoscope.
Dr. Foncart'a clavicular splint,
■Set of teeth in Gutta Perelia base
or bed.
Oliemloal and Bleotrtoal
Applloatloaa.
Acid scoop.
Vessels for acids.
Ckrlioya— Chemical bottles— Che-
mical flasks.
Various specimens of submsrins
and other Eieetrio Telegraph
wire.
Funnels— Insulating stool.
(ialvanic Inttery troughs, with 12
or 24 cells.
Galvanic battery cell.
Specimen of lining for add tanks-
Syphons.
Domoatlo Vurpoaea.
Basins — Bowls — Baskets — Bread
platter- Bouquet holder.
Bottles
Bottling boot.
Spedmens of clothes line.
Curtain rings.
Decanter standh— Drinking cup*.
Plng<rcup* — Inkstands— Ink eufs.
Mghter stands— I'aper weights.
Platea.
Trays, ornamental , varioiu patterns.
Vuea — Wafer hold'>rs.
Watch stands.
Specimens of linbig for water
tanks, &e.
Specimens of window blind cord,
Mlaoellaneooa AppUoa>
tlona.
Architects' plan coses.
Bouncing balls— Go)f ball-
Cricket balls.
Communion plate.
Orriage tubes.
Specimens of corrugated sheet for
wine packing.
Dolls— Fire bucket.
Piece of fringe for mooming
coaches.
Fencing-stick guard.
('Ornish minera hat.
Northumberland miner'a hat.
Life-preserver*- Hedalliona-Mu-
aiccaae.
Discs for official seals.
Spedmens of paper for damp walls.
Police staff— Powder flasks.
Railway conversational tubes.
Coil of sash line.
Stop-cocks— Pairs of skates.
Sample* of thread.
Tap (errule* — Whips.
Specimens of welting coid for fe-
male dresses.
Spedmens of tubing of various
sites^Speaklng tube.
I Unionjointa for GuUa Percha tubing
AppUeatlOBS Ohlra»>
flqnoa.
Sangles de liis.
Trompettes->k-rarnet pour lessounls
Tromprttes a I'usage des sonrds.
Appareii k I'uMge de* sourds (lOur
les egilses.— Pi'ssalres.
Morceaux de toile pour klipes.
Morceaux de toile mince pour
bandages, Ike.— Stethoscope.
Eclipe claviculaire du I)r. toueart.
Kitelier eompltt monti aar Gutta
Percha.
Applloatloaa OhlmUiaea
et Bleotrlqaea.
Ecope pour les scides.
Vases pour les acides.
Cartmys (eruclies pour preserver le*
acides)— Bouleille* ohimiquea—
Flaaques chimiques.
Plutieurs espt'ces de fli tMigra-
phique eiectrique sous-ovwin et
autres.
Rtonnoirs— Tabouret eleetriqne.
Auges de madiines galranlquea,
I'line it 11 et I'autre k «4 divisions.
Cerclo galvanique simple.
Meniere de douhler lea reservoirs h
acides— Siphons.
Artlelea Vanela.
Basdns—Gamelles—Panier*— Pla-
teau pour le pain— Porte-bouquet.
Bouteillea.
Bottes de rempllssnredeboateiUe*.
Cord** de blanchissage.
Anneaux de rideaux.
Portes-bouteilles— Gobelets.
Doigl iers— licritoires— Encriers.
Portes-lnml^res— Presses papier*.
Aasiettes.
Plateaux divers et de luxe.
Vases— Portes-pains i eacheter.
Portes-montres.
EdiantiUons de doublures pour lea
reservoirs d'eau, Hfc.
Echantillons de cordes de jalousie*.
AppUoatlona Blveraea.
BoSte k deadns d'architednre.
Bailee elaatique*— Dalle— Gteulii.
Kglises.
Assiette pour anmOne* dana lea
Tuyaux de vultures.
Echantillons da drap* ridea d'em-
ballage pour les vms.
Poupies— ^au d'incendies.
Morceau de frange pour voituies de
deuil.
Garde potte-coup d'escrime.
Chapeau de mineur Comouaillien.
Cliapeau de mineur du Northum-
berland.
Conserves — Medallions— Etals de
mudque.
Disques de cachets officiels.
Echantillons de papiers poor lea
murs humides.
Batons de sergents de police—
Pulverins.
Tubes de conversation de chemin-
de-fer.
Rouleau de eorde de Jalousies.
Robinets d'arrSta— Fatine*.
Echantillons de SI.
Virolos de robinets- Fonets.
Echantillons decorde-ik-borderponr
rober de dames.
Ecbantillona de tuyaux de dimen.
donsdiverees — Tnyau porte-voix.
Jointures de tubes en Gutta nreha.
GUTTA PERCHA COMPANY, PATENTEES,
18, WHARF ROAD, CITY ROAD, LONDON.
[I 340
46
OFFICIAL ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE ADVERTISER.
[laai.
THE IMPROVED WELL OB GRATY DISH,
nULY
BKGISTRRF.D,
IN TEUM8
OP THE ACT
OF
PAnUAMF.NT,
Pouast$ the prcuUar mrril n/ JUTLBELT CTPABATllf 0 Ike llquidfatt^roaitedor lioilniii!eatfromtheffrary,aml<flJniin»ilf
ii%ffTnX QKAVT ai it Jfow from the meat AB VVKKat\fthefathitdbeenl{ftctloffitwhilitbulhii>eninaaMriale,
MANUFACTURED
In silver and PliATRD MET AX, by Euudoton, MiUON, k Co., of BirminKham ;
Im BIUTANNIA MK't'AI.— of which the one in the Grc«t ExhibMonli aspcoimen— by Shaw & FniiEB, of Sheffield; and
Ik CHINA and STONEWAUK, by MiirmN k Co., and aome ot.ior houioa, intlio Potterioi.
7b oMain theie diihet H - i'AIL, the public wiUpleaie apply to "" mfectiv* tradesmen with whom Ikej/ art in th* habit of dntUng.
OPIVIOIT OF M. SOYJUt.— " R>ri>iiH Clud, lOlh Mty, IS&O. I eerUlnly conalder thk niiH * ."{mt ImproTemont anil Imoii tn
epieum, I •hall uw It to-morrow for aoins of the lint goarmfto In tho world, and let you know Iheir opinion. " A. HOVKH."
WaiTTiii ArTtawASna. — "Tna Diir ^mu Ugnly KVpiOTSd ol Two or thfoo of th« party would have thmn. llMy ihoiiM bo
•xtenalfely mule knoirii by advertlMtmrnt, u nO epUnre WOnld M Without OHfl. " A. HUYKH.''
SIBEOnOKS FOX USE.— Shut the commiinicotion between the two Kecelvers. Dish your meat, plaee it on the diiiTwr-
table, and begin to carve ; by which time all tlie fat collected in the first receiver will be floavtng on the (qp of th^ gravy
therein, whilst the second receiver will be — and t/rm muH tee that it really ia— quite empty. Now ooen the oommunicatloD
between the two recoivors, when the gravy only will run into the second ; which done, tuain ihut the communication between
them, until another accumulation of gravy and fat, flowing flrom the meat, ahall have taken place in the flnt receiver, whea
again proccol to separate tliem as l>cfore. The only caution of any itind requiring attention being, not to ovebrix the flnt
leeeiver, and thoreiiy to ovEnriAtw tlie fat into the second, ExmnrrEo bt the Isvkmtoe, JOHN GRAY.
Edinburgh, Ao. 11, Inverleith-roie, March, 1851. [l 138
JOHN A CHAS. RATCLIFF & Co.,
PATENT ELECTRO PLATERS
AND
GILDERS,
SUFFOLK-STREET WORKS,
BIRMINGUAM,
AMD
ARUNDEL-STREET, SUEFl'lELD.
The experience gained by J. & C. R. & Co. in carrying out
an extensive Electro business during several yours enables
them most confiiently to recommend its adoption by tlic
Trade generally: by no other known process can those
classic and eliiborate designs hitherto confined to silver and
gold be supplied, nor can perfect colour and clearness of
surface be eficcted but by their patented improvements.
All Depositions made by J. & C. R. & Co., whether of Gold,
Silver, Copper, or Brass, on German Silver, Britannia Metal,
Iron, Steel, &c., they guarantee to be perfect in adhesion,
colour, and durability, and at prices to meet the particular
market of every manufacturer. [i 271
TIMOTHY SMITH & SONS, BRASS FOUND.
EKS and Manuflicturers of Solar, Argyll, Careel, Boat,
and Ship Lamps, Pillars, Candelabra, Ga»l«mps, Chonde'
Ucrs, and Mountings generally. — II ARCouBTQuiMCEr, Agat,
82, llattim-gardm, and at Birmingham. [l 282
ARTINEAU and SMITH, Manufacturon of
Patent and other Cocks of all descriptions. Also of
House, Turret, Ship, and Hand Bells, fce. — HarcourtQdii)-
GET, Agent, 82, Hatton-garden, and at Birmingham. [i283
OBERT SMITH mid CO., GENERAL FAC-
TORS for all descriptions of Export Ironmongery, iiA.,
for the Home or Foreign Trade. Habcoubt Quimcev, Agent,
82, Ilatton-garden, and at Birmingham. [l 284
IRON CRANES.
STOTHERT, RAYNO, and PITT, Ironfoundcn
and General Engineers, invite the attention of partiea
requiring Cranes to the one exhibited by thein in Seetit 1 5.
The numerouH orders recoi ved for all sizes frum Government,
and the New Dock Companies and Railways, hume and
foreign, show the estimation in which they are held. Esti-
mates given for all kinds of Railway Fittings, Steam, Gas
anJ Water Work.— Newark Foundry, Bath. [i 176
ITCHEN RANGES and VENTILATING
STOVES.— Brown and Oiieen's Patent Range is
a certain cure for a Smoky C'tinmey, and for Economy, Clean-
liness, and (.'onveni»'ri''e in (^ooking is unrivalled. Their
Self-acting Cottage Ruiigc, with Oven and Boiler, at 18i. id.
each, and their Improved Ranges, with Patent Ovens, ate
strongly recommended. The Patent Portable Suspension
Stove consumes the least Fuel, gives a genia' warmth, and
thi)roughly ventilaten the apartment ; it is tL cheapest of
any. and Is 'ulted for Bedrooms, Nurseries, Halls, Schools,
LibrLTipp, Greenhouses, Chapels, Churches, fcc— Manufao-
torj', Luton, Beds ; Wholesale Agents, R. W. Kennabo and
Co., C7, Upper Tliamet-ttreet, London. [i 219
;er.
1681.]
MANUFACTURES.
47
DISH,
Of THE ACT
OF
PAnLFAMENT,
'tweninacoUttali.
rnuEB, of Sheffield; and
» in tht habit cfdniUng.
ImproTemonl unil homi t„
. ^ "A. HOYKH.-
"""""•"a'Ws;^''
»t,pI«Beltonthodlnnw-
igonthe/qpoftli^gravy
M>en the communicalioa
communiMtlon between
the flnt receiver, when
, nottoovERnu,theflni
JOHN GRAY.
[1158
S, BRASS FOUNa
'"'.AiwH.Corcel.BoiL
ro, GiM.l4unps, Chwde-
rcoubtQuwcey,^^,
'^ [1282
1, Manuracturon of
II dcacriptioM. Also of
I, &c — HarcodrtQiiin-
'■ Birmingham. [i 283
GENERAL FAC-
«port Ironmongoiy, kr..,
ttCOlUTQLlKCEV.^iWrt,
»; [i284
I.
PITT, Ironfoundcri
the attention of partiei
1 by theni in Sccti. 1 5.
lizes fn.m Government,
Hailwoyg, home and
h they are held. Esti-
f Fittings, Steam. Gas
Bath. [i 176
VENTILATING
«'s Patent Range is
d for Economy, Cleon-
ia unrivalled. Their
and Boiler, at 18». id.
ith Patent Ovens, aie
Portable Sus])cn8ion
a genia' warmth, and
it i8 tL chca|iest of
•series, Ilnlls, Schools,
irclies, (i;c.— Manuftc-
K. W. Kennakd and
[i219
CHABLES FARBOW,
mONMONQKR, SMITH, BRAZIKR, TINMAN, AND QAS-PITTCR,
ManufMturor of Maohinot, TooU, And UtenslU for the WIno and Kpirlt Tnulo,
U, OIXAT TOVBURBOT, UHSOIT.
(»« IlluMlrattd CtUiiliigiu.)
WB0U0HT-1R0N WINK-UINH AND BCANTIJNfl.
Copper McMum, Kiimpk Oanei, and Funnrla.
Corking MulilnM. Htuola, Ikiolii, l)tlvi>r>, anil nofiK'n.
MaitnrnMn'a IWi'iit HottllnK ApiwnihH •nil Corking Michljie.
Ikittling lllon und WIrsi. Utnen ami Itlla.
HunK ■»<( Owk llorrrt.
Cnuin'm' AdiMi, Drlvun, l)t«k Irona, and Ilammen,
OliiK*!'. I'linrhea, Flagging and (,'liincing tmna.
HanncliM, NIiIvh VIchj, Tioklnm, (Inrkwrnwa of all kinda.
Vrela, NljipKr*, Marking Iruiii. 8liot, Miut llakiia, Cork Drawen,
Mil«(»i Tl«ii Spllva. Itung Tina, Tarka, NnlU, llmnpcr Cord.
Hamplinii Irona. Oil Hmuclivra. Olaw 'I'iiIm iind H|iilliiig I'ana.
UrtU' IHitiint MrtalliaOapaiilM. Htnckrr'a l^atsnt llvHr-fclnglnto.
Automatun Funnela witii aiiir-elaalng Valvea.
IWiUlIng, Hwcklug, and H<-niw (\ rkt
llrand Irona, A>r caaka and rorka.
P,)retm-l>Ut«d Ceeka.
(Manldll riiitiw, Ink, and liruahM.
Ik>tll« Mrala, with ahlninu .■rnlrm. Nvaiing Wnx. TInrull.
Waa Kiirnacca, Omiint nit», and Stovva. Flllcring lUira and Irona.
Itottlft Uaugpa, lt<>tUnHlnki-n,and IkitlUi-Wiulilnii Maclilnra.
Tallar lAin|M, Oil and Uollon. Ollar t^andlMllrka, In grrat variety.
Wood ('ana, Cellar liilai, and llottling Traya, Ikiltlii (liiarda.
Vellnchora, Killing Cana, WaaUi I'ola, Clianiraiini' Knivm.
HIn Ullia. Nlatii, Purctdain, and I'alntnl llhi Lnlxda
Qloaa Vallnohera and Hypliona, i'<'n'i lain KimncU anti 1'ap Trongha.
Leatlicr, Indian Huliber, and I'ali'nt Wiivon Ihaui I'lpra.
Thit Itaglatarad " Portu Placon " ur Wine Handle.
Ilottio (larritira, or I'ortablu (^vllaivU.
MONTEBELLO'S COBKENQ MACHINE.
(See Tlluitraleil Cutalogue.)
Thia machine, the invention of the Marquia Alfred do
Montobello, of the 6nn " Duo do Montohollo," Marcuil r-
Av, Cliam|iagno, obtained a prise at the French Kxiioainon
of 1844, aa may be teen fi:om tlio following :-
Extraii du " Rapport du Jury central tur F Kxpo$ition dm Pro-
duitt lie r Industrie Franfuite en IHit," tome 2, page 83'J.
M. Montebello (Alfred de) au ChSteau de Mareuil-tur-Ay
(Mame), et it Paris, Hue Luffltle, 17.
" M. de MontidM>Un a pthicnti- un apparell d'tine extr)\me almpllclte
deitlno au lioucliage di'a liouttfllloa, l^ttu machine, oxrnipio de tout
angrenajtfl et rc-^^nrt, a^it k laldo d'un contrcpolda qui mnintlent la
boutrllld, d'lin li vii'r qui ouvre et furme )dua on moina un r.'nv riiMix,
aorte de virolu liriiioe, enlln d'nn Imulnn n trtit arnindle qn'll auflit du
pouaaer pour hirv ]ii-nFlrer, dana le gnulot ds la iHiuteilU-, lu liouclian
allimK^ et r^treci outre lea virolea du cAne rreux.
" Un <ivlt« ainal de tnrdre et de romprc U tCtv di<a Inurliona ; 11 en
rraulte une ^eonomle notable, et un aorvice plna fkcile et pina imimpt,
Aucune altpratton n'eat k redouter dana lea rgaiica d'un niicniinlitine
aiuui ttlmple.
" IMur un porrectlnnnement aur lequel la pratique a iiik pro-
nonti, le Jury central di'cunie k M. de Montebidlo une mMallle de
bronie,"
C. Farrow haa much ptoasuro in referring to the annexed
letter from the invuntor to hii corrmpundcnta in London : —
" CliAtcau do Map'uilaur-Ay, Feb. A, I84B.
" Dear SIra,— I am gratlllcd liy Mr. Farrnw'a approval of my Cork-
ing Machine, and yon may give him my full piTmUalun to make and
aell aa many aa he can, I liav* little iluuht hut that it may
ti<H>rul In ICnuland i
prove aa
wp find it In I'hnmiiiigne. Herewith 1 aend you
I III' piililiahed pruceeilinga of our liut ' llsinnltliin,' when the medal
liirllif ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ •
la nniehine waa derree*! to me. A lull apecltlcalion of it la tliere
given, wlilrli you may let Mr. Farrow copy.
" I am, dear SIra, wlili known regnrd,
" Your ol)< illeni humlile iervant,
" Al.FUEU DE AloNTEIIELLO.
" Mrt'rt. Richiiril Si/iiiondii !f Sun,
" 2, Im/riiiii-rviirl, Fnichurch-strcet, London" [l Drt
GARNKIRK WORKS, NEAR GLASGOW.
THE GABNKIRK~GbAL COMPANY,
MANVPACrURERS UF
FURNACES for SMELTING IRON, GLASS,
t(0., and SMALL FIKF.-BUICKS for MALLBABLB
IRON AVORK8- for home aalo and exportation.
Fine aeleoted and prepared CLAY for Glaaa-houso Pots,
Crucibles, &o.
Also, ORNAMENTAL VASES and FOUNTAINS, to
stand any climate, (alt glased TUBES for Water and
Sanitary purposes.
From the great extent of the Works, large Foreign orders
can be speedily fulfilled. Nearly Eight Millions uf Fire
Bricks are manufactured annually.
Offlce, 6, Cathcabt-stbeet, (-lasoow,
Fibmaiy, 1851. [i 79
CWM AVON IRON, COPPER, A TIN PLATE WORKS,
TaIBACH, GliAMOBaANSIIIBE, SoUTH WaLES.
JOHN BIDDITLPH, Manaoeb.
IRON. — Railway Bars, Angle, Tyro, ond Knee Iron,
Cable, and all other descriptions of Barn, Bolts, Slicets,
Boiler-plates, and ("Glamorgan") Canada plates.
TIN Pr VTES.— Tolo and Tcme Plates.
COPPKll.— Tiles, Cakes, and Ingots.
Naphtha, Limcsalt, Sugar of Lead, &c., also
manufactured here.
All Order! to he addressed as above.
The character of these Works for the superiority nf their
Tin Tole and Terno Plates lios been cstabliahcil t i thirty
years, ami the quality of the Canada Plates, Shools. <'ttble
Iron, and Railway liars, having been submitted to tlio most
severe tests by eminent Engineers, is admitted to be c(|ual
to any manufactured in South Wales. [i 44
TURNIP AND GRASS SEEDS.
J MORRISON and SON, NURSERYMEN and
a SEED FARMERS, M0NTCUFFI':R, ABERDEEN-
SHIRE, and of BANFF, BANFFSIIIKi;, SCOTLAND,
continue to execute orders for their celebrated GOLDEN
Y ELLOW and other Turnip Seeds ; aa also GRASS Sl'lEDS
for Lawns and Pastures. [i 15
WEDLAKE and CO.'s NEW MACHINE lor
• Cutting Straw into Chaff, and Bruising Oats, at same
time or alternately, 42». Plough Turnip-cutter ; Oil-cako
Breakers; Haymaking Machine; Horse ilay-rakc; Chaff
Machine ; Bean Mills : (iorse or Furze bruisinc Machine ;
Subsoil Plough ; Seed and Manure Drills ; Dressing or
Winnowing Machines ; Flour Mills ; Threshing Machines ;
Scarifier or Grubl)cr ; Seed Machine ; Iron Field-Roller ;
Barley Machines ; Smut-cleaning Machines ; Scotch Carta ;
Waggons ; Harrows ; Ilorso Iloo ; Chums. — Liberal dis-
count for cash.— On receiving six stamps, an illustrated list
in English (Is. in French, Italian, or German) will bo sent.
118, Fmchurch-street. [i 182
PATENT MACHINES for PLANINCJ, MOULD-
ING. MORTlSSlNG, TENONING and BORING, either
in )\ard or soft wood, which entirely supersede hnnd-lobour
for theie purposes and make superior work at a greatly re-
duooti cobt. They are suitable for ond used by Canjcnters,
Joiners, Builders, Coachmakers, Railroad Carriage mid Wag-
gon Builders, Cabinet Manufacturers, Pianofortu-makers,
Engineers, &c. &c.
These very voluable Machines have been used in con-
structing the Exhibition Building, the Houhob of Parliament,
St. George's Hall, Liverpool, and also by the Honourable
Bonn! of Ordimuce at tlio Woolwich Dockyard, and by
most of the first Builders, Engineers, and Mb( hinists in thv
Kingdom, which is considered a sufficient guarantee of their
great utility, simplicity, and worth.
Sold liy the Patentee,
WILLIAM FURNESS,
20, Lawton Street, Liverpooi, and at the Gbeat Exny.
nmuN Building, where oU the Mochincs may be seen in
doily operation. [> 8^
i'l
48
OFFICIAL ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE ADVERTISER.
[1881
D" ARNOTTS SELF REGULATING STOVE
OF the many new plans and devices that have from tiir* tr. r/ne U'en brought boforo tho
Public for Warmlnir Roomi and Building, it may bo uid that n'>( ju <n pomt of jfHricn. y and economy
haa come up to the ARNOTT STOVE ;— not tho lo-callod Arnott Sto 'v r Uw. !.ei>n m nftontively abuwd
u manufactured by various malcer* in the trade, but (he Stove made upoi. ■■.. c'lginal dimple and wund prin<
eiplea of Dr. Aknott ; which, with the addition of the imjirovcmontii made b) ii.u Doctor about eijrht vean ilnce,
hai become cttabllthcd na the moat lorvicfable and efficient invention for Wanninv tb'<t the Public have yet
tocn. The peculiar advantaget which the Stove |X)H«'Mea mav bo Just itated. The tom|ierature of the heat
diffiiaed by tho Stove li comfortably warm and uniform, renilering v^vry portion of tho place perfectly and
equally agrooabio. Thoro it very littlo troulilo connocteil with tho management of the Stove : it only reouim
replcnithinK with fuel twico in the twenty-four hour*. Tho coit of tiib contumption of fuel i» exceedingly
moderate — moro so, indeed, than that of uny other Slovo, especially coniiiilcring tho amount of heat diff\iaed.
Tho Stove has been manufactiirctl and in oxteniivc uio for many year* in ail parti of tho country, and tho
truth of itx «u|ieriorily has bceomo incontmvertibly tested : an evidence of which is in the large number of
testimonial!* ».'hich F. K. itoiueHses from parties who have had soveral years' experience with the Stove. One
or two will here l)0 presented : —
From Meuri. S. Coubtavld, Tatlob, am/ Courtauld, Backing, Eeser, and Carey-lane, Cheaptide, London,
*' Boolilng. Got. 17,I8SO.
" Sib, — Absence from homo and many pressing engseemenis have prevented our replying to your letter betbrv. In
respeot to the Arnott Stove, we have no hesitation In saying that wo consider it very flir supenor to any other description
of close stove wo have ever seen, when so constniotea as to carry out Dr. Amott's principle , and we have pleoaiiro In
stating that yonr Stoves on this prinrlpio, of which we liavo had several in constant use through many winters, seem
•xoeedingly well made, and have given us great satisfaction.
" We are, Sir.
" Your obedient servants,
" Mr. F. Edwards." " B. Codbtadld & Ca
From the Rev, Dr, Brown, Chepttow,
" Chepstow, Aug. 17, ISiW.
" SiiL— After trying various Stoves, said to he of Dr. Amott's invention, all of which were more or less imperfect snd
unsatisfactory, I was directed by Dr. Arnott to those made by you. For about six years I have had your Stoves In um
during the winter months, ami have found them, for economy of ftiel, cleanliness, safely, saving of time, and equality of
healthy delight Ail temperature, all that I had looked for. Hence I have recommended Arnott Stoves, as mode by you ; and
continue to recommend them to my fViends with greatest confidence.
" I remain. Sir,
" Your falthftd servant,
« Mr. F. Edwards." " T. J. Bnows.
F. Edwabds has models for 40 different sizes and patterns of Arnott Stovei.
A prospectus containing full particulars, with list of prices and sizes, &c., with some testimonials, to bo had
on application.
DR ARNOTTS VENTILATING VALVE.
Tho attention of the Public bus been of lato much drawn to the subject of Ventilation ; and Dr. Arkott'b
VENTILATING VALVE is becoming universally applied as the most complete and efficient means that can
be adopted to effectually ventilate rooms. But wliile great advantage has arisen through the use of Dr. Arnott's
Ventilator, many persons have met with great disappoint ment, through having purchased articica which, tiirough
being imperfectly made, have become a nuisance by admitting smoke into the room, instead of being an absolute
benefit This misfortune has arisen through many in the trado (and some of them most respectable parties)
having taken up the Ventilator, and have not fully understood, or have not paid sufficient attention to, its con-
struction. The Public can only rest assured that they arc having perfect articles bv applying to F. Edwabos,
who has paid much attention to the Valve, and is the party who has mado them under Dr. Abmott's immediate
direction. In most of the public buildings in London tho Valvo has been extensively applied, and carried
out by F. Edwards with tho greatest success. He has also put up many thousands in the private residences
of all classes ; and he has always found it to give universal satisfaction. Prices from 6<. to S6«. Prospectuses,
with particulars and prices, to on had on application.
SMOKEYCHIMNEYS.NO CURE, NO PAY
With many years' experience in every branch of his business, F. Edwards is enabled to undertake the
Cure of Smoicy Ciiimneys on the above satisfactory terms, estimates for which would be proviously given.
Parties furnishing houses would find it much to their advantage to purchase their Stoves and Kitchen Ranges
of F. E., as all that are sold by him are fitted up in the most perfect manner, relative alike to the principles of
radiation and economy as to the prevention of any chance of the escape of smoke.
FREDERICK EDWARDS,
STOVE-MAKER TO HER MAJESTY,
42, FOLAND-STBEET, OXFORD-STREET, LONDON.
(Sm Exhibitkn Qffitial CtUalogMM,} [i 166
eitimonials, to bo had
1861.] [Sm Omcuu DtacBirrivm and Illu»tratbd Catai^ouk, Cr,A9i 22, No. CO.] 40
W. and P. BTEELB'S ~T Jl Aa erected and ihown at the
Great BxhlbiUon,
Pint Clasi
Patent Kitchen Range,
?: Hyde Park, London, 1801.
HMLLer~tcii*^,
'7' "" / / I T
W. & P. STEELE,
MANUFACTURINO AND FURNISHINa IRONMONGERS TO THE QUEEN";
Patentee! and Manufacturert of Improved Kitchen lianqm, Bath, Ilentinij, and Culinary Apparatui, Stove Gratei, jc. ;
61, OfiOUOE-STUEET, EDINBUUGH.
IMPROVEDKnTclTEN RANGES.
By the Queen's Royal Letter* Patent granted to
W& P. STEELE, of 61, Gkoroe-sthket, in tho city of Edinburch, for IMPROVEMENTS in
,., ,.\,J!:^'J^"'''''* RANGES for CULINAUY PUllPOSES, and APP.UIATUS for HAI8INO the TEMPEKATUUE of
WATER for BATHS nnd other usci.
Tho Patektees l>og leave to state that many of their PATENT RANGES are now in full operation ; and Wherever tho
Apimratiw has been put up, it continues to give the most unbounded satisfaction, 'llie Patentees ?iavc had the honour to
receive several very flattering letters ♦rom families of distinction, for whom Ranges have been fitted up, beariig testimony,
In tho most unqualified terms, as to the efficiency, LSErtiLNEss, and economy In tno coNSVMmoN or fuel, by tlie use of tho
Patentees Improved Apparatus.
Tho Patent Kongo is constructed in all its parts on Scientific Principles, and contains ample Range Bars for Roasting
and Boiling, with one or more Ovens, and a SPACIOUS BOIIJNG-TAIU.E or HOT JIEARTH— all of which are fitted up
on tlio principle of perfect ventii.ation. \ I" go Boiler in tlio Range attbrds a constant and ample supply of Hot Water,
andls suited to Co«)k by Stearn ; also, APPARATUS WiHCH GIVES THE POWER OF HEATIN(i A RESERVOIR
ol Water at tho Top of tho Housu, one hundred feet more or less above the level of the kitchen, from which Reservoir nor
wATKu con be distributed all over tho housf, and by means of which A BATH MAY BE tiOT READY FOR USE AT A
MO.MENT'S NOTICE, during any hour of the day, or even at midnight, in cases of sudden indisimsitlon. Means are also
provided for effectually and speedily cleansing out the Boilers, without further trouble to servants than merelj' turning
one or two stop-cocks, so that Hot Water may at all times bo had free of SEDIMENT AND PERFECTLY PURE.
The whole is effected BY ONE OPEN FIRE, before which Meat may be Roasted in tho usual manner, besides effecting a
saying of at least Half the Quantity of Fuel used in apparatus of ordinary construction.
The above Culinary Apparatus is therefore confidently recommended to puulic notice as the best and most economical
Kongo at present in use, and will be found admirably adapted for the Mamiona of Nobility and Gentry, Club-houses, Hotels,
or other similar establishments. The obovc improved Range can bo mado on a limited or extended scole, to suit ♦ho
accommodation required.
A Prospectus, containing a fuller detail of the Range, may be had, and every information furnished, on application at tho
Patentees' Works, No. 01, George-street, Edinburgh.
Plans furnished for all the requisite Fireplaces and Fittings in the Culinary, Still-room, Laundry, and Bath-room depart-
ments, or for tho supply of Hot Walor for iJath-rooms nnd other domestic purposes throughout the mansion. Alterations,
Erections, and general arrangements' connected therewith, superintended by one of the Partners in town or country.
Warming and Ventilating of Mansions, Dwelling-liouscg, Coiiscrvuiories, &c., on an improved principle, by Hot Water or
Heated Air.
W. h P. 8. manufacture every Ascription of Improved Culinory Apparatus, including KrrciiEN Ranges, with or without
Boilers and Ovens ; Smoke, Wateii, and W inh-up .1 acks of Improved Construction ; Boiling Tables, with or without Grilling
Stoves and Hot Press. Steam-cooking Apparatus in sets or single. Hot Closets, Charcoal Tables, &c.
W. & P. Steele's extcnsivo stock includes many very beautiful designs in Drawing-room, Dining-room, and Parlour
Grates, &c., fitted up as Register-i, or as Kinnuird Grates, so much recommondei! for Curing Smoky Chimneys aud throwing
out Heat, together witli every requisite in General Ironmongery. HOUSE EUltNISHING.all of first-rate quality, and
moderate in price.
_ \V. & P. S. beg also to state that, from their long experience nnd extensive practice in every department of House Fur-
nishing, they are enabled to execute all orders intrusted to their care in the most prompt nnd satisfactory manner.
Experienced Workmen sent to any part of the fruited Kinr/rlom. Country Orders promptly attended to.
Self-heating, Fltuge, Shower, Vapour, Nursery, aud Chamber BATHS in great variety.
50
OFFICIAL ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE ADVERTISER.
AGniCULTUBAL
IMPLEMENT
MAKERS
TO
Ills ROYAL UIGUNESS
PRINCE ALBERT.
R. GARRETT AND SON,
LUSTON WOBES, NEAB SAXMUNDHAM, SUFFOLK,
MANUFACTURERS OF
AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS AND STEAM ENGINES
OF EVERY DESOBIFTION,
IRCMFOUMDERS, ENGIHEEB8,
AND EXPORTERS OF MACHINERY TO ALL PARTS OF THE WORLD.
R. Garrett and Son Log reference to the Official Catalogue for descriptions of tlioir Implements and Macliincry exhi-
bited at tlie Great National Exposition of 1831. They will have pleasure in supplying their Illustrated Catalogues, in tho
English and French languages, containing particulars and prices of all Implements aud Macldnes required for Agricultural
purposes, together with any further information that may be required, on applicatiou, by post or otherwise, at the Works,
as above.
All implementa delivered carriage-free to London, Hull, or NewccutU'On-Tyne, or to <mj ttation on the JEaitem Counties Railicay.
Implements packed and shipped from any port in England for abroad. (See Catahgue.) [i 137
mmmuL liii mma
'9
IVEAR STROUD, GLOUCESTERSHIRE.
JOHN FERRABEE AND SONS,
ENGINEERS, MILLWRIGlll'S, MACHINISTS, IKON AND BRASS FOUNDEIiS, AND MANUFACTURERS
OF AGRICULTUR.VL IMPLEMENTS,
UNDERTAKK the CON8TBUCTI0N AND EBKCTION, IN TUK BKST STYLE, OF
STEAM HU'GIITIjS,— Boilers and their appendages, Cost and Wrought Iron Cisterns and Tanks.
WAOJER WHEELS.
yTT.T. OEARIN'O,— Cast and Wrought Iron Shafting ; Coupling ; Spur, Bevil, and Mitre Wheels ; Hangers,
Pedestals, Fixings, Drums, Strap W heels, &c.
COBN-MUiI. WORK,
Mill Uursts and Stones, Flour Machines, Smut Machines, Separators, Dusters, Meal and Com Worms and Elevators,
Hoisting Tackle, Slill-stonc Provcrs and Picks, Iron Sack Bhrrows, &c.
MACHINES FOR THE MANUFACTXTRE OF WOOIiIjEN CLOTH,
Carding and Scribbling Machines, Spinning Machines (Mules), Power Looms, Fulling Stocks, Iron Washer Hollers, Iron
Boiling Boilers & Cisterns, Gig Mills, Shearing Machines, Brushcrs, Grinding Machines, Indigo Mills, Hydraulic Pri'sscs, &c.
MACHIiraS, PUMPS, TOOLS, ETC.,
Leather Levelling J 'ochines. Carpet and Heurtli-Uug Shearing Machines, Hot-water Apparatuses, Lifting and Force Pumps,
Circular-saw Bench .'s. Cranes, (.'rabs. Windlasses, Lifting Jacks, Fan Blowers, Look-gate Paddle Winders, Cart aud
Waggon Arms, C''j:t Axles, Screw Wrenches, Strap Punches, Strap Screws, Straps, &o.
AORICULTURAL MACHINES AI7X> IMPLEMENTS.
An improved and complete system of Machinery for Thrashing and Dressing all kinds of Com, the whole of which may
be worked in oumbinatiuii so us to deliver a perfectly clean and uniform sample of grain into the sacks at one oiieration,
or the thrashing ond dressing may ho performed separately ; Patent serrated Ksiife Machines, for cutting chaff or littor;
Grinding Mills, with Stones made from French Bum ; Corn Crushers, Oil-cake Breaker", Turnip Cutters, Iron l'lou(,'lis.
Subsoil Ploughs, "Ducio" Cultivators, Wrought-iron rhomboidal Harrows, Land Hollers, Pressor and Cloij-cruBlicr
Rollers, Horse Hoes, Haymaking Machines, Cast-iron P.g and Water Troughs, Mangers, Hay Backs and Pillars for Cora-
rick Stands, Onc-horsc Carts, W heels and Axles for Car s.
BUDDINa'S PATENT MOWINQ MACHINE,
for I.awD8, Pleasure-grounds, Bowliug-greciis, &c. J. F. and Sons hare immiil'irtural awl sulil l/ctween ,1000 and 4000 nflhete
Machinift — « ivnctusire prmf itf thrir utilili/. Messrs. ItANSUMEd nnd May, of liiswich, ore the solo wliolosalc Agents tor the
sale of them iu Loudon auii the Eastern Counties. [■ "'
1861.]
MANUFACTURES.
51
E. W. WINFIELD,
CAMBRIDGE-STREET WORKS, BIRMINGHAM.
[E WOULD.
• MANUFACTUKERS
TO Wheels ; Hangers,
Vorms and Elevators,
PROPUIETOK OF THB OltlGINAL PATENT FOR
METALLIC MILITARY BEDSTEADS;
Fatonteo and Manufaotur. ^ of others upon improved principles ; also Manufacturer of nrnss Desk, Paw, Organ, and otlier
Ilniling; Window Cornices, Patent Curtain Bands and Fnds; (jIbss Cornice Kings; Locomotive Knllings and Mouldings;
Bmss niul Zinc Name Plates for Shop Fronts; Sash Bars and Window Guards; Candle Chandplicri) and Sconces ; Patent
Tubes, by the New Patent Process, whether Taper or Double; Picture, Pulley, Curtain, Wardrobe, ond Stoir Hods,
Astragals, and Beading; Window Fronts, Mouldings, Plates, and Guards; Balustrades; Fire Screen Stands and Arms;
Bonnet, Hat, Cloak, ond Umbrella Stands ; Brass and Iron Itccliiiing niid otlior Chairs ; (ias Clrandeliers, Pillars, Branches,
Olid Fittings of all kinds ; Tubing of every description, rough and finished ; Brass aud Copper Wire, aud Bulled Mctall.
SHOW ROOMS:
Cambridge-street Works, Birmingham; London, 141, Fleet-street; aud
Brussels, Gorr Vander Maeren & Go.
R. W. AVTNFIELD'S Show Rooms contain Specimens of his Patent Metallic Military, Travelling, and House Bed-
steads, so much in use at Home and Abroad ; witti many other Articles of Furniture In Brass, Bronze, Or-molu, and iraitat ion
of Silver; together with Gas Fittings of every Description, and a variety of other Articles of his Manufacture. Thn
Portable Bedsteads arc admirably adapted for use in the Camp, or for Travelling ; and are also well suited for UtBcers in
the Army nii<l Navy. [i
291
SANITAllY IMPltOVEMENTS.
LOWE'S
PATENT
EFFLUVIA-TRAP
GRATINGS,
FOR
PUBLIC SEWERS, AND DRAINS IN IIOVSES, WORKS, YARDS,
COURTS, PASSAGES, CELLARS, AND SINK-STONES.
Patronized and lued at the Model Cottages m ITpde Park (opimsite the Exhibition BttiUUng) now heinu erected for His Royal
Highness Prince Albert, under the direction oj Henry U^herts, ICsq.jF.S.A., Homrary Architect to the Society for the Improve-
ment of the Condition of the Labouring Classes.
Scw-
The advantages of the Effluvia-Trap Sewf>r Gratings, over the Bell, Syphon, Flop, or Drop Traps, consist in their com-
bining, in a simple, cheap, and compact form, aSeiecrorSoui/hGrnting, an E^uria-l'raii, a Sediment- Trap, and a Vermin-
Trap, all to(/ether ■ ■■ ■ "" '' ' '' " " ' ""
The simplicity
of form and dura _
Builders, Contractors, . — — . — -,,.,.., o - -
ment of Towns, and to the Occupiers of all Houses wheie the Drainage is connecte<l witli the Main Sewers.
Upwards of twenty tliousand of the Patent Grids are now in use by tlie Corporations, Surveyow, Commissioners of
crs, or Local Boards of Health, in London and the principal Cities and Towns in the Kingdom.
THE NUMBERS, SIZES, WEIGHTS, AND PRESENT PRICES, IN CAST IRON, ARE AS FOLLOW, viz.—
I.v. In. In. WiiOHT.
No. 1 Site, 30 by 1 8 ; - 1 6 deep, abont A cwt. •
No. a ,, 20 by 18;— 1.3 ,, about 2 cwt. .
No. 3 ,, 14 by 9; — 9 ,, about 1 cwt. .
No. 4 ,, 11 by 7;— 7 ,, 56 lbs. .
No. i ,, 9 by »{ ;— Si , , 25 Iba. .
No. 0 ,, 6iby 4;— 4 ,, 10 lbs. .
Any larger or intermetliato sizes made to order, with either squorc or round bottoms, flat, concave, or convex tops, with
or witliout flanges, and olio with combined horizontal and peipendicular gratings. The usmtl trud* allowance to Ironmoif
; and n liberal din-mint to Corporations, Local Boards of Health, Contractors, and Architects.
Licnised Mahers in London .- R. W. Kf.nnahd and Co., 07, Upper Ihamcs Street.
Wholesale Agent, Liyiulon :—\\ . K. Whvtf.iif.ai>, Civil ntid Mechanicol I'.nginoor, C!», CornhiU.
Printed LiKts of Tcstinmnials aud further part iailnrsjorn'iirded on iipplieiilioH.
■- - ■ ■ ^ ,V. LOVV E and Co., Ptrt«»/n'». [1294
E 2
£.
(.
rf.
2
ft
0
0
17
6
0
10
0
0
7
6
0
4
9
0
3
6
s. d.
No. 7 Siae (for Slnk-»tone»), vil.—
In Iron » 0
In White Metal, with Bruai Top 2 9
All llrnwi 3 6
Round I'attcrn, all llrais, with icrcw plug to open
inoaaeorihaatoppa|i«ortliu pipn ....39
gers ; i
Salford, Manchester, April Vith, lU.'il.
(S("e Catalogue,)
52
OFFICIAL ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE ADVERTISER.
[1861.
BARLOW'S
NEW INVENTED SELF-ACTING
BBQtnBXS NO VEirr-PEO!!l
Prevents ale, beer, cider, or other
liquors from becoming flat or acid
80 effectually tliat the lost pint shall
bo drawn as good as the first.
Warranted to repay ita ooit in
two oaaks of ale.
Price 4». Gd., or sent free to any part of England (if two
arc taken) at 5s. 3d. each. Ditto, electro-plated, much used
for Sherries, &o., on top, 8». 6d. each.
The obovo engraving will explain its action. When the
loose key is fitted on the top of the plug C (which has a
hole opposite the air-tube H), sufficient oir rushes through
it into the cask to cause the liquor to run off freely ; when
the tap is turned off no more air can enter.
JAMES BARLOW,
14, KING WILLIAM-STREET, MANSION-HOUSE.
Established 1820.
iVone are genuine except stamped with his name and address.
N.B. — This tap is the moft simple and least liable to get
out of order of any yet 'ijvcnted. [i 126
RIDGWAY'S
PATENT KILNS,
FOIl UUn.MNU
POTTERY, BRICKS, TILES, &c.,
COMBINE ECONOMY of FUEL with the pro-
duction of first-rate goods, at a roducoil loss and less cost
in wear and tcnr. The construction differs materially from
that of the old kilns. There is only one fireplace, which is be-
neath the kiln : the heat ascends by means of a central tube
and the internal walls ; and, as there is no opening at top,
descends, thoroughly bum\ng the goods, and passing off by
wrII vents. The smoke is consumed, the munngcmcnt easy ;
and when built in pairs, or sets of four, the spare heat passes
from one to the other, thereby still further increasing the
saving.
For particulars apply to Mr. Uiihimav, Cauldon-place
Whurf Staflordshire Potteries. [i 131
CROSSKILL'S WHEEL AND MACHINE WORKS.
NEW ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUES may bo
had (per post) on enclosing six penny postage stamps.
Address— Mr. Crosskill, Beverley. [i 138
BELL and BLACK, Ifi, BOW-LANE, CHEAP-
SIDE, LONDON, Manufikoturors of WAX VESTA
MATCHES, CAMPHORATED ROUND WOOD and new
PATENT CONGKEVES, warranted not to be affected by
climate, time, or exposure to damp.— Beware of spurious
imitations. [i 73
PATENT
BATH
<^fel
.♦"Satxjut
tUMVVAOIvaliD .BT
^r.'JI.SAMMIKl'
B MB O K-WAT git;
SCOURING
BRICKS,
R. Ford & Son's Patent; and
PATENT MALT-KILN TILE,
SSIsIss
n
J. B. HAMMILL'S PATENT.
Ji.'B.— Foreign Orders punctually executed. ^1^22
048 COOKING 8T0VES.
THIS superior method of Cooking bein^ now pcnc-
nerally recognised, Messrs. Gniou and Jenkinson have
devoted much time and expense to bring forward au
apparatus embracing all the excellences and requircmouts
of a complete GAS COOKING STOVE. It accomplishes
to perfection Roastiiiff, Baking (of Meat, Bread, Pastry, &c.))
Boiling, or Broilinn, and can be hud cither with or without
a Boiler. If with a Boiler, steaming or warming any part
of the house by hoi-water circulation can bo effected, or a
wann bath had instantaneously, without additional trouble
or expense. They are made of various construction, so as
to meet the means and uses of all classes ; and the prices
range from a very low scale upwanls.
The Public are respectfully invited to inspect the Stove
in operation every day at the Manufacturers',
GRIG6 & JEKKli\SON,
FINSBURY IRON-WORKS,
119 & 120, UUKIIILL-ROW. [I 98
REGISTERED IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVK
GRATES.— PIERCE'S newly invented Pyro-Pnel-
MATic Stove Gkatb, the universal Fike-lump Ghate,
which requires no fixing, being made in oiu) entire piece
having cai>acious and
safe hobs, strong octagon-
shape bars, and double
table-bar trivet.
Also PIEKCE'S Im-
proved COTTAGERS'
GRATES, for warming
two rooms with one small
fire.
The above are the hest and cheapest Grates for all use-
ful purposes over submitted to public notice, and are most
strongly recommended by the entire public press.
Prices, from Ms. 6rf. to 30*.
Prospectuses and every information afforded at the AVare-
housc and Manufactory, Ti, .iKiiMVN-sTnEET, Ueoent-stiikki'.
IMailrd jxirtiiiilnm of t lie abore improvements wit' l)r I'lHiinl
m the holly of this UHirk. [} '■^•'
MACHINE WORKS.
TALOGUES may be
X penny poatage stamps,
pL, BEVERLEr. [i 138
IW-LANE, CHEAP-
tnrow of WAX VESTA
lOUND WOOD and new
ited not to be affected ly
np.- Beware of spurioii
[i73
1861.]
MANUFACTURES.
53
itedt; and
^ JOHN & SAUUEL SHUH, ft)
'spindle and flyer
MANUFACTURERS,
OF 8UFEBI0B aUALITY, FOB
SILK, COTTON, WORSTED,
AND FLAX,
LOWBRIDGE, KEIGHLEY,
YORKSniRl!. [l 172
H. BOOTH & CO.,
PRESTON, LANCASHIRE,
MANUFACTURERS OF MULE SPINDLES,
ROVING, THROSTLE, AND FLAX SPINDLES AND
FLY8, &o.
A Mahogany Case (tee Cntaloffue) containing Specimeiis of
Mule Svindles, Throstle Spindles and Flys, &c.
H. BOOTH & CO.
are permitted to refer to the Spindles in the Spinning-mules of
Messrs. HIBBERT, PLATT, and SONS, Oldram,
AND
Messrs. PARR, CURTIS, and MADELEY, Manchester,
NOW AT WORK IN THE EXHIBITION,
Amoimting to 1642 Mnle Spindles, all made by H. B. & Co.
They have also permission to refer to some of the largest Firms in
ENGLAND, SCOTLAND, and on the CONTINENT,
including
Messrs. HORROCKSES, MII,LER, and Co., Ptritos,
Who have about 100,000 Hnle Spindlej at Work, i a td: de
byH.B. ftCo.
AND THE
RUSSIAN COTTON-SPINNING MANUFACI'iOR^,
ST. PETERSBURGH, &c. &c. [i223
Light, Cheap, and Durable Roujiig.
CROGGON'S
PATENT
ASFHALTE ROOFING FELT
is perfectly imjicrvions to Rain, Snow, iirid TroBt, and has
Wn tested by a long and extensive experience in all
cumates. Saves half the timber venuired for slates ; con
be laid on with great facility by iorra servants or un-
practised persons. Price, \d. per square foot.
CROGGON'S
PATENT NON-CONDUCTING FELT,
FOR STEAM BOILERS AND PIPES,
Saves 25 per cent, of Fuel.
Samples and Testimonials sent by post on application to
Croogon & Co., 2, Dowifale-lii/l, Londim, who also supply
bnip-SnE,\TniNo Felt, ond Inodorous Felt for Damp
Walls, &o. {Sec Cataloync.) [i 243
J. WILEIE & Co.,
AGRICULIURAL DIFLEMENT MAKERS,
UDDINGSTON, near GLASGOW,
Agents in London, Messrs. Bartrum and Pretthan,
Upper Thomes-street. [i 253
WP. STANLEY, AGRICULTURAL IMPLE-
• MENT MAKER, Peterboboigii, hos for disposal
3 Brass Chandeliers for Candles, 2-Tier high, 'J Lights in
r.'ch Tier, 4 feet by 4 feet ; one Chandelier m above, with
16 Lights, 4 feet 6 inches ; eight Chandeliers as obovc, with
3 Lights each, 3 feet 6 inches. The above are modem, in
good condition, and suitable for a Church or Chnpel. [i 215
CHAMPION PRIZE
TILE, PIPE, AND BRICK MACHINE
07 THE
ROYAL AGttlCULTURAL SOCIETIES OF ENGLAND
asfiO),
SCOTLAND, IKEIiAlTD,
North Laneashirer GreatYorkthire, North Staffordshire, S^e.,
combining the practical advantages of the Vertical and Ho-
rizontal principles of working in one machine— least draught,
me it rapid and greatest scope of manufacture, as proved by
Dynamometer. Vide Jour. Hoy. Ag. Soc. Eng., Deo. 1850.
Alf- PRIZE PUGING MILLS, DRAINING TOOLS,
and Implements, of
II. CLAYTON, PATENTEE,
SECTION 2, CLASS 9, STAND 47.
wi:ert- <'ult pnrticulani may be obtained, and at the Manufac-
tory, Ati.^vs Works, Upper Pork-place, Dorset-square, Lon-
don, w hero the machines may be seen in operation daily, from
10 A.M. to 4 l-.M.
Price of Machines from £13. {See Catalogue.) [i 113:
54
OFFICIAL ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE ADVERTISER.
[1861.
DUTTON A CO., RUNCCRN, CHESHIRE,
MAintPACTUREBa Or gCHOOIi WuiTEg,
gOB HOMK USE AMD BXPOBTATIOH. [lai
NEW and WONDERFUL PORTABLE GAS-
LIGHT.—The Patentee has invented a Self-generat-
ing Gas Apparatui, producing a liglit of surpassing power
and brilliancy, wliioh, for economy and utility combined,
has never yet been equalled.
This extraordinary Lamp, without wick or glass, is con-
structed to generate Gas from a cheap liquid, by a self-
acting and simole process, producing a phre brilliant
UGHT, equal to tlie best oas-bprner, at the small expense of
one farthing per hour. Can bo carried about with perfect
safotT, and the light can be increased or reduced at plea-
sure by a stop-tap.
The tenacity of its flame renders it peculiarly available for
Shops, llailways, Places of Worship, Mills, Streets, Booths,
Market-stalls, Stables, Dye-houses, Breweries, Inns, Work-
shops, Schools, Steamers, Ships, &c. Its superiority over
every other desoription of Laiup is beyond compurson,
both in cost, simplicity of management, and quantity of
light.
Though 20,000 have been sold the first winter, it still has
the merit of novelty and utility ; and is well worth the at-
tention of Gas-fitters, Lamp-dealers, &c.
The original cost rf Ilollutay's Apparatus, patented ISK,
is fW)m 68. each (complete) and upwards, according to size
and ornamental embellishments. It requires no connection to
pipes or meters, thus avoiding the first expense of gas-fittings,
and the misunderstandings which frequently take place
between gas companies and gas consumers. Tlie new
Lamp is free from smoke, smell, or danger, and will burn
for 14 hours lolthimt attention. In short, its cheapness, its
utility, its brilliancy, and its simplicity of management, at
once combine to render the invention one of the greatest
acquisitions and triumphs in ttiis department of modem
science.
To be seen in every style, as well for the cottage as the
mansion, and prospectus with engravings had, at Read
IIoLLioAV ana Co.'s Works, HuDOEBsnELD, and 128,
IIOLBORN-HILL, LoNDON. [l lUO
HYDRO. EXTRACTOR, OR CENTRIFUGAL DRYING
MACHINES.
MANLOVE, ALLIOIT, and SEYRIG, PATENTEES,
LENTON WORKS, neae NOTTINGHAM.
THESE MACHINES are made to revolve at great
speeds, and the centrifugal tendency thereby imparted
to the materials intended to be dried causes the moisture
containcti therein to be nearly instantaneously extracted,
without heat, wringing, or strain of any kind, so that the
very finest fabrics that can be manufactured are not in the
least injured by the process. The introduction and use of
these Machines have caused very greot improvements to be
made in many of the most important branches of Manufac-
tures, and almost every day develops new and valuable
applications of their principle of action. They are now con-
sidered indispensable to Bleachers, Printers, Dyers, Silk-
throwsters, Woollen Manufacturers, and in finishing fabrics
of almost every description, and are also applietl with great
advantage to the extracting of moisture from Starch and
other crystalline and drainable substances. The Machines
have also been applied with great success to the cleaning of
Wool, Corn, or other subsiances, by passing water through
the wool or other substance whilst m the Mochine, previous
to the drying operation, when the great force given to the
water by the action of the Machine is by centrifugal tend-
ency caused to pass wit'a immense speed through the mate-
rials, and thus carries away with it all impurities. The
Machines are adapted to work by hand as well as by steam-
power, and have been found most oconomioal, safe, and in-
valuable for the use of Baths and Wnshh^uses, Laundries,
Asylums, llospilols, and Union Workhouses, as by their use
the wear and destruction of clothes produced by ordinoiy
wringing is entirely avoided. For Asylums and Work-
houses the remark made in reference to cleaning Wool applies
with great force, as the clothes are thus entirely frce<l from
all impurities, some of which can scarcely be removed by
any otncr process. Further particulars may bo had from
the Patentees, who are the sole makc.-s of the Machine-
Address, Maslove, Alliott, and Sevuio, Lentm It^orkii,
A'ottinffham. [i 209
COWLEY and JAMES, MANUFACTURERS of
PATENT WELDED WROUGHT-IUON TUBES, and
every description of GAS-FITTINGS,CHANDELIEUS,8ic.
Sole makers of Cowley and Hickman's Patent Metallic
Bedsteads. — Wauali,, Staffordshire ; London Warehouse,
HATTON-aABDEN.— James Melrose, Agent.
(See Catalogue.) [i 7g
THOS. LAMBERT ft SON,
PATENTEES of the
Flexible Diaphragm and
Tligh-pressure Valve Cocks, Equilibrium Ball
Valves, and Self-acting Water-closets.
Manufacturers of Hydraulic, Gas, and Steam Fittings ;
Tin, Lead, and Composition Pipes.
Short-strebt, New Cut, LAMUKrii, London, [i 63
11 o
HAYWAED TYLER & Co.'s
manufactobt for superior
SODA-WATER MACHINES,
ON THE PATENT IMPROVED CONTINtTOUS, AND
EVERY OTHER PRINCIPLE.
Eatablished 181!), andsince I83i conducted bi/
HAYWABD TYLER & Co.,
85, Upper WurrECUoss-STREET, St. Luke's, London.
Bramah's Original CmUintioits Principle, with Ilni/icnrd
Tyler unit Co.'s Imjtroremeiita.
No. 1, Maximum of product LWdoz. per day.
"» ,, « oO „ „
**» If >» oO „ „
Ilayward Tyler §• Co.'s Patent Imp.m-ed Continuous Principle,
witli Beam Aetiim.
SiNOLE. — No. 1, Maximum of product 150 doz. per day.
3) » It "" II II
4. » II "0 ,11 ",
Double. — No. 1, „ „ 30O doz. per any.
2, I, }i -00 „ „
ITayward Tyler §• Co.'s Patent Tm/n-orerl Continuous Principle,
witl. Direct Action.
Sinole. — No. 1, Maximum of product 150 doz. per day.
A II II "^ II "
3, „ „ "ti I, )i
4, „ „ CO ,, „
Double.— No. 1, „ „ 300 doz. per day.
2, )i 11 200 „ „
These Pctent Soda-Watcr Machines are warranted superior
in workmanship to any hitherto manufactured, and for soli-
dity of construction, power, and simplicity, stand unrivalled.
They are admirably odaptcd for cxportotion, as they could
be packe<l in one case without taking them to pieces, and
can be set to work, and Soda-Water maae from them, in an
hour after arrival at their destination.
Every other description of Sodo-Watcr Machines, im-
proved Bottling Machines, Cylinders and I'illars for Soda-
Water Fountains, &c. &c.
Diagrams sent to any part on application at the Manu-
factory.
To prevent disappointment and loss by the substitution of
inferior and pirated imitations of their Machines, Hnywnrd
Tyler and Co. beg respectfully to request particular atten-
tion in copying t/i«^rfrfrcss, 85, Upper WniTECRoss-sTitEET,
London.
Extract from an Unsolicited and Spontaneous Report of the
V/orUtng of one of ITayward Tyler and Co.'s Machims.
"Bombay, Am/.3\, 18.'^).
" The Double Soda-Wntcr Machine which wo got from
you through Messrs. E. and Co. is still working beautifully,
and has never required the least repair, though in constant
use for upwards of four years, and left almost entirely to
the management of natives." {See Catalogne.)
Hydraulic Preues, Steam Engines, §-c. [i 241
18B1.]
MANUFACTURES— STEAMERS— COALS— ETC.
»
JUFACTURERS of
HT-mONTUBKS.and
l,CllANDEUKKs,8.c
man's Patent Metallic
e; London Warehouse,
^gent, ^
tion I'ipcs.
BKrii, London, [i 63
IPERIOR
ed Continuous Principle,
tr/ Continuous Principle,
cation at the Manu-
BllYMBO COAL (on the Admiralty list) is con-
Bidered to be the largest and finest that can bo obtained
in Great Britain. It is shipped with dcs^mtch from Uirkkn-
nEAU, on the Kiver Mersey (where the largest-sized ships
lie afloat), and at Saitnet, near Chester, at very modera' <
prices.
FiBE CiiAT and Bricks, of a veiy superior quality,
also on sale.
BHYMBO COLLIERY, Wrexiiam, NoBTn Wales.
Offict '"» Liverpool, 2, Smeeting-ttreet, near the Exchange, [i 199
HORSES' FEET.— CHERRY'S {Her Majesty's
principal Vetertnary Surgeon) Elastic Stoppinos for
Horses' Feet have stood the test of 2.5 years' experience,
and their usefulness in supporting and preserving the Feet
of Horses has led to imitations that are dcflcieat in the
most essential properties. The original efllcacious Stoppings
heme the Inventor's name branded on them, and are made
only by Ward, Saddler, Queen-street,Cheapside, Manufacturer
of every description of Saddlery, Harness, &o. &c., at the
lowest possible prices. [i 248
FIRST-CLASS STEAMERS FROM HULL to
Hamburgh, Antwerp, Bremen, Kampcn, Yarmout'.i,
Goole, and Uainsbro'. Also to London thrice a-week, at
reduced fares ; and to Copenhagen and St. Petersburg dur-
ing the season. Inquiries by post, addressed to Brownlow,
Pearson, and Co., Uoneral Forwarding Agents, Hull, will
have prompt attention. [i G
BELFAST and the NORTH OF IRELAND via
FLEETWOOD.— The Royol Moil Steamers " Pi.ince
OP Wales" and "Princess Alice" leave Fleetwood for
Belfast every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday Evenings,
after the arrival of the 10 a.m. Train from London. See
Bradshaw's Guide, p. 120 ; or apply to
KEMP & Co., Fleetwood. [i 206
ELECTRIC TELEGRAPHS
OF ANY KIND, and of very Superior Workman-
ship, supplied by W. T. HEN LEY, Telegraph Engineer,
Magnet Manufacturer, and Mechanician, and Patentee of
the Magncto-Elcctrio Telegraph, 46, St. Jodn's-stbeet-
ROAD, ClEBKENWELL, LoNDON.
W. T. II. undertakes to erect Telegraph Works, In this
country or abroad, at a very reduced charge, and, if re-
quired, keep them in order ; or when Railway Companies
or others wish to erect their own Wires, he will supply them
with Instruments of first-rate quality, as he has lately done
(on Cook and Wheatstone's principle) to the South-Eastcrn
Railway Company, for the Reading, Reigate, and Guildford
and Hastings and Ashford Linos— the Tclofrraph Company
being paid for a Licence for using the Patent. W. 1.
Henley also calls attention to his Magneto-Electric Tele-
graph, the Patents for which he has assigned to the Magneto-
Electric Telegraph Compony. This Tnstrument requires no
battery, end is the only Telegraph not aficctcd by wet
weather or bad insulation of any kind.
W. T. II. also manufactures Maguets, Magnetic, Magneto-
Electric, or other apparatus, of any dimensions; also nil
descriptions of Clock-work Trains mid other Machinery.
Wire, covered n-ith Silk, Cotton, Gutta Pereha, or India-
rubber, of any size or in any length. [i 20O
ELECTRIC TELEGRAPHS.
WILLIAM REID,
EIiECTBIC TELEGRAPH ENGINEEB,
25, UNIVERSITY-STREET, LOSDOX,
HAS always on hand a larce Assortment of ELEC-
TRIC TELEGRAPH INSIRUMENTS, in various
designs, for giving signals and sounding alarums.
Also an extensive stock of materials for erecting POLE
and SUBTERRANEAN TELEGRAPHS, consisting of
Wire coated with Zinc, Gutta Pereha prepared in various
forms, Insulators of the most approved kind in Earthen-
ware, Glass, Gutta Pereha, &c.
Patent prepared Wire, for Submarine and other Tele-
graphs.
W. R., having been engaged in making Instniments and
erecting Telegraphs for the last 13 yeors, is prcparwl to fur-
nish tenders for the cost of Lines, and erect Telegraphs to
any extent with the greatest ^.ossiblc despatch. [i 121
CONSTRUCTION OF RAILWAYS.
RANSOMES & MAY, Ironfounders, Engineers,
and Manufacturers of Agricultural Implements. Ips-
wich, and No. 3, Great George-street, Westmintter : where
may be had particulars respecting Barlow's Patent Wrought-
Iron Railway Turntables and Cost-iron Sleepers; Wild't
Patent Turntables and Switches; R. & M.'s own Regis-
tered Water-Crane ; R. & M.'s Patent Compressed Tree-
nails ond Keys, &c.,forRoilways; Leggett's Queen Printing
Press, with self-acting Inking Apparatus.
For Agricultural Implements, and for Turntables, &c. &c.,
see Official Illustrated Catalogue.
Also their Illustrated Cataloguf of Implements and Ma-
chines, on application to their London Offlce as above, of
post-free by enclosing Six Postage Stamps. R. & M. call
particular attention to their Potent Trussed Beam Iron
Plough, marked Y. F. L., price as a swing 21. 10». ; ond to
their new Brood-share, Scarifying, and Subsoil Plough ;
and their new Seed-droppor, Agricultural Steam-engines,
and Thrashing Machines. R. fc M. continue to undertake
the construction of Railway Bridges, and to supply <'ast-
iron Girders, Columns, &c. &c. ; also the building of Cotile
and Goods Trucks. Ipswich is obout 69 miles from London
by Railway.
INSTRUMENTS D'AGRICULTURE.
RANSOMES ct MAY, Inge'nieurs, Fondeurs en Fer, et
1 ubricants des In«**".imei)ts d' Agriculture, a Ipswicii, Angle-
terre. Avio nu public:— On peut obtenir un Catalogue
lUu'tio des Machines et des I>wtruments d' Agriculture a
IVo. 3, Great George-street, Westminster, ou afi'ranchi a tons
les Departcments de la Fraiice, en envoj'ont unc douzaine
d'estompes de poste. Ipswich est eloigne de Londres de
28 lieues (environ), partant do Shorcdjtch, par Ic Chemiu de
Fer des Eastern Counties, et y orrivant en trois hewcs et
demie. On peut y aller et rcvenir lo memc jour sans so
gener, et on donne des billets de retour pour la joumee a
prix reduit. lis fabriqueut aussi des
PRESSES A IMPRIMER ;
ct lis ont a Hyde Park une autre Presse ii Imprimcr foumie
d'unc mccanisme a distribuer I'encre, qui s'agit de soi-
meme. [i 265
COCKERELL and CO.'S BEST COALS ONLY,
— always at the lowest Cash Price— PURFLEET
WHARF, EARL-STREET, BLACKFRIARS, and EATON
WHARF, BELGRAVE-PLACE, PIMLICO. [i 64
HARRISON, AINSLIE, & CO., Newland Fur-
nace, Ulverston, exhibit a Case containing Hematite
Iron Ore, from Lindal-Moor Mines, in Furness; analysed
by Dr. Sheridan Musprott, F.R.S.E., and by him certified to
contain —
Sesquioxidc of iron, ( Metallic iron . (iC'47 per cent.
94"9" percent, (Oxygen. . 28'50 ,,
Silica 3-43 ,,
Lime 0-71 ,,
Moisture 0*84 ,,
Los 0'C5— lOO'OO
Charcoal Pig-iron and Furnace-cinder, from Newland
Buchbarrow, Uuddon, and Lorn Furnaces — the only Char-
coal Furnaces in Britain. [i 201
ROYAL OSBORNE SAUCE,
PREPx\RED by IIer Majesty's Chemist in tho
Isle of AVight, specially patroniser' by the ROYAL
YACHT SQUADRON, is decidedly tlie best and .'icapest
Sauce extant, greatly excelling all in extrnordinarj r rhner i
piquancy, and fine gout. There is none like it for creating
appetite, assisting digestion, and imparting rc'ish the most
exquisite to fish, game, chops, hot and colu meats, gi'avies,
&c. ; and, being quite clear, there is no waste vv'th sediment.
Agent — Rumsey, 3, Qiiem-strcet-plwe, ChcapsiUe, London.
Retailed by Sauce-vendors penernlly.
{See Catalogue.) [l 275
56
OFFICIAL ILLUSTKATEI) CATALOGUE ADVERTISER.
[1881.
NEEDLEWORK.
It is oi the fii jt imprtance to a nation tliat its requirements should bo thoroughly understood ; and every stride
made towards better government is etfected by anew ray of light having penetrated the darkness which oiig'ii.
ally covered tho face of the '.vhole earth. J*hn more civilized a nation becomes, the more diversified are its
legislative wants; and that which may with safely bo left to adjust itself in the infancy of society, becomes, at a
more advanced |)criod, a paramount consideration. This is
day; it is impossible to overrate its importance. Even
precisely the case with Needlework at the present
tho boon of a thoroughly satisfactory poor-law must
dwindle into coin|)arative insignificance beside an arrangement whereby tens of thousands of paupers would be
enabled to maintain themselves without taking one shilling out of tho pockets of the public. Class legislation is
a word of retort in the mouths of all parties ; but when one class seizes upon the labour of its interior, and,
through the overpowering; agency of capital, buys up an extensive branch of native remunerative industry,
turning tens of thousands of able-bodied and highly artistical producers into [joverty-stricken iwupers, — when the
monopolised trade, far from flourishing under the tulismanic liiHucnce of capital, yearly deteriorates through tlio
waning energies of the producers, — when the public is robbed by the substitution of an inferior article on demand,
and victimised in the shape of poor's-ra^cs to make up for the inadequate wages ^iven to the producers, — whrn
this gigantic evil has entrenched itself, like the wolf in the story of Red Riding Ilood, in the very iiuiiost
chambers of the houses of the British i.ublic, — and whilst the wives and daughters of the land are gathering tho
flowers that bedeck the pathway of lite, the monster is lying carefully concealed under the mantles of fashion
u|)on tho beds of indolence, i-eudpr to spring forth at an unex|)ected time and devour the luxurious triflers. Survly
it is well to warn tho public agtuns: the dangeroM' pet they are fostering in their dwellings ; and, however timid
tho Legislature may bo of encountenii^ tho insidious foe, every one may hunt it out of their own houses. I
believe that the most pressing necessity of this country at the present crisis lies in a satisfactory solution of the
problem, How we are to provide work that will attbrd wholesome tbod, clothing, and shelter tor our increasing
interference of the capital in gold with the capital in time and «iiiows, lies at tho root of the whole matter ; but in
trades where the assistance of capital is essential, to prevent it^ present despotism without prostrating its energies
is one of the gravest subjects a nation ever had to deal with ; yet it must bo bundled sooner or later. Justice to
the capitalist, — justice to the producer, — and justice to the consumer, can ulone sweeji away from our entire trade
the disgrace of the slop system, and banish tho cry of starvation from the laud. Are our capitalists so honest that
not one law needs to cumber the statute-book, providii'g for tho fair remuneration of time? We have lavs
against us'wy ; and can no usury in labou. bo wrung from the stiirviiip o|)erative ? When we hear of a great
West or East End House retiring from business with its £liJO,000 cleared in a few years, it would look
well if we heard of some fifty out of the Jiousand producers of tuat wealth who were also retiring with a modest
com|)etency ; but I believe that, could wi> trace the n, \\c sliould otlener learn that hundreds of the |)roducers
of that wealth have Uied, or are d^ing, in the workhouse. Happily for Plain Needlework it has no need of the
aid of capital, and it dejiends on the vviii of the public to cnianci])ate it from its bondage without legislative
interference.
To accomplish this end A Plan for RjB^stration Officen for Needlewomen is submitted, the
intention of which is to improve their condition and prevent their pauperism by securing to them the profits
of their o\.ji work. The plan promises the consumer a superior article for his ...jney, and to enable men,
without any previous knowledge of the trade, to procure their gurnients as easily, and with as much economy,
as experienced females can do. It also proposes to afford every iacility to families in finding suitable noedlc-
women, cither to work by tho day or by the piece, and securing them against loss by dainuged work or nun-
fitting garments. The expenses of Registration to bo detVayed tor the first year by subscription. After the
public has placed confidence in the Society it will require no pecuniary aid.
The Begistratiou-Book.
To contain the names of Needlewomen alphobetically arranged — their ages, residence, and characters, as
attested by the police and others — their qualifications, and whethe: they are cutters or not. Thus : —
Nar»u.
Age.
Raicl(ui<.-e.
Character.
Attest ators.
Qualifications.
AUwork, Agnes .
29
Skinner-street .
Very timid ; honest. Keeps
an aged aunt.
Police
Slop-scwer ; cannot cut.
Bodkin, Mary. .
28
Batty !i»-ect .
Respectable and honest ; ju-
dicious in purcliasing.
Married •■ •> cluldren.
Mr. Gentle, Clergyman
of Shepherd's Chapel
Fine worker and :utter.
Cutter, Susan . .
13
Hollowny-strcet .
Idle ; not »■ be trusted to
Mrs. Lumsdcn, Gro-
Pretty good nooillewo-
purcliasij. Keeps a young
brotlier.
cer's wife. Crown-
man ; cuts coitimon
alley.
work.
Darnswav, Rose.
40
19, Ga.liC-row . .
Honest and respectable ; not
judicious. Widow ; five
Mrs. Wise, of Fcn-
Beautiful worker and
church-strcot.
cutter.
children.
Book of Patterns and Prices.
Wherein every house in town is invited to enter their patterns of materials, with prices and widths affixed.
Book of Fashions and Price of Work.
Showing the most approved outs of iraruicnts in fjoucrnl use ; and these, l)eing reduced to a scale, are suffioieiitly
distinct for al! cutters to follow without difficulty. To each drawing is attached a number, and the price of
making the garment.
I.
[1861.
1851.]
NEEDLEWORK— FANCY GOODS— FURNITURE.
67
J ; and every stride
■Kne«s which orlg'n.
re diversiHed are its
ciety, becomes, at a
I'ork at the present
ory poor-law must
paupers would tw
Class Ic^slatiori is
of its interior, and,
unerative industry,
supers,— when the
■lorates through the
r article on demun J,
c producer*,— when
in the very inmost
1 arc Kathering tiio
mantles of fushion
lous triflers. Surely
and, however timid
heir own houses. I
:tor^ solution of the
Br for our increasing
0 less enlightened—
h we are advocating
lapital, or the undue
'hole matter ; but in
•strating its energies
or later. Justice to
roni our entire trade
talists so honest tiiat
ne ? Wo have lavs
wo hear of a great
'oars, it would look
tiring with a modest
uds of the producers
■ has no need of the
3 without legislative
in is submitted, (he
to them the profits
and to enable men,
I as much economy,
ing suitable nocdlc-
mged work or non-
•ription. After the
and characters, as
Thus :-
Qualillcitiona.
op-scwcr ; cannot cut.
ne worker and ;uttcr.
etty good ncoillcwo-
man ; cuts coiunion
work.
nutiful worker nnJ
3uttcr.
vidths affixed.
lie, are suffieiontly
r, and the prite of
Book of Calculation.
Referring by numbers to the preceding book ; thus : —
Shirt pattern No. 5, of linen ; height, 5 ft. 10 in. ; 2} yards .
i yard of cambric for the front
It is evident that, knowing the quantity of material, the price per yard, and the cost of making, any one with
common sense can arrive at the correct estimate of the just price of their garment, without any previous know-
ledge of the trade.
Estimate of the Expenses of a Registration Office.
Rent of premises, fuel, and cleaning ....
Salary of Clerks
Salary of Matron .
Incidental expenses
Cutters would have no salaries, but bo entitled to a fixed drawback from the price of the work.
When a lady wants a needlewoman, she can suit herself with one from the office without trouble, whether she
desires her to cut out the garment or merely to make it, — whether she wishes her to purchase materials or to
make them up. She can get a fine needlewoman at four shillings per shirt, or one to do coarse work at one
shilling. She can get a trustworthy character ; or, if she is willing to run the risk for a hitherto more unsteady
fellow-creaturi, she can give her fewer things at a time and make the Christian experiment. But gentlemen
want shirts, ai <1 they don't know what stuff they should be made of; they know that the one they have on — a
cotton shirt, linen necks and wrists, cambric fronts — cost ten shillings and sixpence at a fashionable shop. The
clerk hands the book of patterns ; the matron matches the fabric — asks the gentleman's height— says, " Sir, I seo
by the Calculation-book, to which you can refer yourself (the clerk hands it), your shirt ought to cost so and so,
because it takes so and so ; have vou any preference for a particular needlewoman ?" Yes. — No. " Miss Bodkin
will do them well ; she is unemployed. A stamp sends Miss Bodkin notice ; she repays it on beir - paid for
the work. Along with the shirts, when finished, Miss Bodkin must hand the shop bill (paid) and her own. The
gentleman, when he gives the order, deposits the money for the materials. When he gets home his shirts he
pays Miss Bodkin, who signs a discharge. The gentleman may fairly be said, on the transaction, to save twenty
per cent. If he bought shirts formerly of a fashionable shop at 10s. Cd., he will now certainly get a superior
article for 8s. 6d., and, withal, have the satisfaction of improving the condition of the fiftieth part of our popu-
lation. Supposing the books do not exhibit a trustworthy Miss Bodkin unemployed. Miss Scissors (the cutter
up stairs) takes the job in hand, buys the cloth, cuts out the shirts, and subtracts what the Calculation-book allows
her for her time from Polly Flighty's pay who does the work.
If the shirts do not fit, the matron passes her opinion upon the alterations required, and the needlewoman must
do them. Some work may even be returned altogether for gross mistakes. This must be submitted to the Com-
mittee, who decide to what extent the mistake is to lower the recommendations of the worker ; but in no case can
more than one penny per shilling be subtracted from future wages for a fault of this nature. The Society must
in all cases instantly remunerate the loser; but if needlework is lost or burnt, the culprit must refund it. Sup.
posing gentlemen do not choose to come to the office to try on their shirts, a man will be sent to see them on in
the mornings or evenings ; but the gentleman must pay his time extra — only, he does not pay for the alteration.
If a person wants six dozen shirts for an outfit, and he cannot wait more than a certain number of days, the clerk '
and matron must divide the shirts amongst all the hands for that class of work ; and if these prove too few, the
better hands whose work i;i hand is not pushed for must take them, whether they like it or not, to keep up the
credit of the establishment. In all such cases the clerk and matron must be cautious of forcing work, and it
must be reported to the Committee, and entered in the books. It is obvious the establishment is meant only
to suit cash payments, and cannot sjjeculate ; but it may undertake export orders, the cloth or price being
deposited, if the payment suits the Calculation-book. It is impossible, in the limited space which a page of a
Catalogue affords, to enlarge upon the benefits of this system. The aim of introducing the subject here is to
give it as much publicity as possible, and, by directing general attention to a plain and practicable scheme, to
endeavour to secure the blessing of independence for Uioie who IWe by their Needle* and who
form the moBt muneroiu Producing Class in every Civilized Nation. [i 250
GRE4T WESTERN FUMITVUE WAREUOVSES.
J. DENT & Co.,
Cabinet-makers, Carpet ^ Bedding Manufacturers, Decorators,
ami General Fumishhtg JVarehousemen, 30, 31, 32, and 99,
Chawford-street, Bkvanstonb-square, Makylebone.
SUBSTANTIAL NEW AND SECONDHAND
F U K N I T U R E.— Every one in search of really
good and cheap Furniture would do well, before purchas-
ing elsewhere, to visit the unequalled spacious Great
WESTEny Furniture Warehouses, by very for the most
extensive in the Metropolis (the smallest of which being
upwards of 300 feet in lengtn). The proprietors, relying
niJon a reputation acquired during a period of 25 years,
confiae'rly invito t)ie attention of the public to their
inimoiiijc Superior Stock of Cabinet Furniture, Carpets,
llphojstory, and Bedding, the whole of which is manufac-
tured of tlie best seasoned materials, by first-rate workmen,
nn<'. at one-third the prices usually charged at the west end
of the town. Every article is warranted, the price murktsj
in plain figures, and will bo exchanged or money returned
if not approved .if. [i 288
BELGRAVIA REPOSITORY
for
ENGLISH AND FOREIGN FANCY GOODS.
JEWELLERY, Buhl Enamel Goods, Desks, Work-
Iloxcs, Writing Cases, Smelling Bottles, Knives, Scis-
sors, Baskets, Chessmen, Fans, Souvenirs, Purses, Sta-
tionery, Papier Maohe Goods ; Morocco, Walnut, aud lObony
Knvclope Cases and Blotters ; Ladies' Companions and Ne-
ccssaires, Gold and Silver Pencil Cases, Jet Bracelets,
Brooches, &c. Also an exteusivo Assortment of
Superior English and Foreign Toys,
Including Rocking Morses, Baby Houses, Wax Model Dolls,
r ochanical Toys, Games, Dissected Puzzles, Children's
Books, Water Colours, &c. 8cc. At
MILLER'S REPOSITORY,
32, Lowiides-street, Belgrave-square,
Within ten minutes' walk of The Exmnmo.v, [i 40
58
OFFICIAL ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE ADVERTISER.
[1861.
w
MELNOTTE'S
lADnr anoB anb favot waxihovh,
aa, Ol-D BONO-STHKKT, LONDON,
Formrrfy 114, ItixiENT-itTnGirr.
LA DIES' BOOTS and SHOES, »u|«iior ELASTIC
and KIDIN( J IMIOTS, nnd a vnrlety of FANCY SLIP-
PKR8: French Silk StucklnKi, Plain and Kmbrolilerod
Cambrto llonUkvrohiefi, Fani, lloticulet, and Punc* of
Crochet and other work, and a moat varied loloctlon of
Imitation (ioKI, Piamond, and Pearl B^outorio, and other
Parisian novelties.
CIIKIIJ.K'S iino<inano<l Paris Kid Gloves kept exolu-
■ivoly. India and Wedding orders executed on the shortest
notice. Tho high-standins ropiitatioi. of Melnotto's house
(established 3!S years in London) lenders all encomiums
superfluous. Specimens 'o be seen in the French division
at tho Great Exhibition. MRLNorrE's, 23, Old Bond-street,
London. Sti-e CataltHiue. [i 26
EAL'S WATERPROOF BOOTS. -CAUTION I
— Gentlemen are rcquc8to<l to observe that BOOTS of
PKAL'SWATKllPROOP LKATIIKUran only beobtolned
of tho Manufacturer, NATHANIEL PEAL, II, Duke-street,
<iroBvenor-8quoro ; and tliat this leather it not, under any
circumstances, supplied to the trade. [i .'«8
MORTLOGE'S,
18, REGENT STKEET, NEAR PICCADILLY.
liy tpteinl appointment to the Qtieen.
ILLIAM MORTLOCK bc(r8 mo.st rcspcctfiillv
to call tho attention of tho Nobility and ( iontry to his
extensive assortment of (.'iiin.v, (ii.A!tg, and i'.AitTiiGNWAnF.,
comprising every description, both decorative and uncful,
nnd particularly adapted for forvifn as well aslioniu traite.
18, Hn/ent-atrvet, near Picfiulilly. [l 13
IF you desire really well polished Hoots, use Brown's
KOYAL MELTOMAN BLACKING. It renders them
beautifully soft, ihirable, and waterproof, while its lustre
equals the moat brilliant patent-leather. Price the same as
common Blacking. Mmie only by E. Brown, the inventor
nnd sole manufacturer of the be Guiohe Parisian Polish for
Dress Boots and Shoes, and Watcriiroof Varnish for Hunt-
ing Boots. Manufmlory, 25, Braad-ftrivt, Golilen-square,
London. Patronized by the Court and Nobility, and to be had
of all the principal Boo'tmakers throughout the kingdom, [i 17
BOTAI YICTOBIA FELT CABFETING.
THE PUBLIC ATTENTION is jwrticuLirly di-
rected to this manufacture. The Carpel ing combines
beauty of design, durability, impcrviousness to dust, and
economy in price— costing naif that of Brussels. It has
now been in general use many years, ond become well
established with the trade and the public, and can be pur-
chased at all respectable Carpet-houses in London, and in
neorly every town of tho United Kingdom. The PATENT
WO()LLEN CLOTH COMPANY, 8, Love-lane, Alderman-
bury, olso monufncturo Printed and F.mbossetl Table-
covers, in the newest dcsignii. Window Curtains, Cloths for
Upholsterers, Thick Felt for Polishing, &c. &c. — Manufac-
tories at Leeds, and Boroi'gii-boad, London. [i 71
rPHE PATENT DESICCATING COMPANY
X. invite tho attention of tho Public to their Drying and
Seasoning Process. By it, wood of the finest description
can in the course of a few days be more thoroughly seasoned,
and rendere<l less liable to subsequent shrinkage, than if
drio<l or seasoned by the ordinary method of exposure to
tlic atmosphere for six or seven years. The floor of tho
new Coal Kxchangc, which is composed of 4000 spe"imens
of t\velvc ilifferent kinds of wood, some of which were
growing, and all of which were seasoned, within three weeks
of their being used, is adduced in proof of tlic obov* state-
ment. The Company's process is very extensively used in
Manchester and otiier manufacturing districts, where clean,
uniform, expeditious, and certain dr>'ing is required ; and it
is equally fitted for the finest as for tlie coarsest kind of
gotMii), and ensures a controllable temperature of any re-
quired dejjree of hcnt.— Certificates of the successful appli-
ciitiou of tliis invention to the drying of Wood, Flax, Paper,
Printed Paper, Cotton, (iriiin, Coffee, Calioo, Starch, Wool,
Yiiros, I"ti1)rics, Wnilding, Manure, &c., can bo obtained by
applying eitlier |)orsonolly or by letter to the Secretary,
41, GiucEciiiiucu-STiiEKr, London. [i1!)6
per Box of six Bottlcf (duty paid).— Stock in Bond ro*
Exportation —
Extrait d'Eau de Cologne . . . 24/. per doz.
Doublo ditto ... 9/. „
Single ditto ... 5/6 „
Eau de Lavtnde (first quality) . . 9/. „
Ditto (second ditto) . . 5/6 „
Ordnri will be promptly executed to all parti, [i 1 44
BURY'S ROYAL POMPADOUR POWDKIl,
for daily uie, to remove that redness and irrltotlon
remaining on tho skin after washing^ or from any other cause;
possessing the most cooling and softening qualities, and im-
parting an exquisite clearness to the complexion, la. and
2a. 6r/ per packet ; by post for 16 or 38 stamps uncut.
Alfred Bury, Perfumer, Exeter 'Change, London ; and aoM
by pcrtitmers and chemists throughout tho kingdom. [1 ID
MACKAY'S PERSIAN OIL surpasses all other
Preparations In Cleansing, Restoring, Preserving, and
Beautifying the Hair. It is agreeable, cconomirnl, and
ofl'octual. { lb. bottles, la. M. ; ^ lb. bottles, 2a. fit/, each.
Prepared and sold by .Ioiin Maciciv, Chemist, 121, Ceorgo-
street, Edinburgh. Wholesale Agent, W. 8. Rujisev, .3,
Queen-street-piace, London. [i 120
ITCIICOCK & CO., CHYMISTS, of TAUN-
TON, beg to inform their Friends and tho Public
generally that the increasing demand for their delicious nnd
permanent perfume " The Italian Bouquet," has rendcrcil it
iieopssary to establish a dciMit for its sale in London ; it will
therefore be always on sale at GIFFORD ond LlNDKIl'S,
104, Strani>, where also all II. and Co's., valuable prepara-
tions may bo obtained.
To those who never used the Italian Bouquet, 11. & Co. will
only say it really is fully entitled to tho name givca it by
those wno have patronized it, as being the " ne plus ultra " of
perfumes.-Dated, North-street, Taunton, March 18.")l.[i 177
ETCALFE AND CO.'S NEW PATTERN
TOOTH-BRUSH, PENirrBi\TiNO Hair Brusih^, and
Smyrna Sponges. — The Tooth Brush searches thoroughly
between the divisions of the Teeth, and cleans them in the
most efficient maimer, the Hairs never coming loose.—
Penetrating Hair Brushes, with the durable unbleached
Russia bristles, and every descrintion of Brush and Comb
for the Toilet, only ot Metcalfe. Binoi.ev, and Co.'s, linisli-
innkcrs, by special appointment, to H.R.H. Prince .\lbort,
130h, Oxford-street.- -Bewore of the word "from" (.Met'
caife's) adopted by some Houses.
Tooth Powder, 2a. per box.
Metcalfe's Alkaline
[illO
A CABINET with SECRETARY and SECRET
A DRAWERS of BURNT BRITISH WOODS, so dig-
posed as to show the diff"erent grades of colour, either for
new or ohl work. — This beautiful and much-admired pro-
duct has been manufactured at the Wood-carving premises,
Ranelagii-roai>, Thames-bank, Pimlico, where the nrt Ims
been brought to perfection at an outlay exceeding 40,(100/.
in France and England. The present Proprietor of the Fac-
tory, Mr. THOM.VS HARRISSON, owned the patent nnd
plant in France, which is now joined to the plant in I'.iif,'-
land, with great additions ; and is well worthy the attention
of a responsible, competent person to take an interest nnd
the management of the concern. There is a show-room on
the premises, under the management of Mr. Tiiom,\s Thomp-
son, who designed and produced the above cabinet.
Seepage in Cataloyue far drawing and ilescriptlon. [l 123
HE WORCESTERSHIRE SAUCE, i.roparcd by
Lea & Perkins, from the recipe of a Nobleman in tlio
country, imparts the most exquisite relish to steaks, clmps,
and all roast meat, gravies, fish, game, soup, eurrios, nnd
salad ; and by its tonic nnd invigorating properties enables
the stomacli to perfectly digest the foo 1. The dnil.v use ot
this condiment has proved most conducive 10 lienltli. and
established its fame throughout tho world. Sold wliolesale
by the proprietors, I.ea & I'errins, 6, Vcre-street, Cnvcn.lisli-
square ; Crosse & BInckwell, Soho-sqnare ; and otlier mer-
chants, London ; and retail by tlio principal dealers in
sauces. L' "
3EI?.
JlMi.
A, COLOGNE, 29
>Nj I.HAI/rKHS-liALC
AUDtJcOLOONl:. 1/
id).— Stock in Bom) foJ
24/' per doz.
«*<«/ to all parti. [i H4
ADOUR POWDKII,
»t redneii and Irrifation'
g, or from any other cmno;
>«tcning qualitloi, and imJ
the complexion. Ij.and
or 38 stamps uncut,
.'bange, London ; mid lolj
liout the kingdom. [1 ij
IL lurpasscg all otiicp
tcatoring, Preserving, and
•eeable, economical, and
lb. bottles, 2». f«/. each.
AY, Chemist, 121, (JcorRo-
kgent, W. 8. KuiisEv, ,3,
[il20
YMISTS, oF TAUn"
Friends and the Piillio
rad for their delicious and
Bouquet," has rendered It
8 sale in London ; It hIII
FFORD and LINDKIfS
d Co's., valuable prcjiara-
an Bouquet, II. & Co. will
to the name given It by
ingthe"»i«p/u,„/fm"„f
unton, March IS.'il. [i 177
i NEW PATTERN
iTiNG IlAin BniisnjK, and
ush searches thoroughly
I, and cleans them in flio
1 never coming loose.—
the duroble unhlcaclicd
tion of Brush and Comb
!iNoi,Ev, and Co.'s, Hrush-
) II.K.U. Prince Albert,
he word "from" (Mct-
I. — Metcolfo's Alkaline
___^_ [illO
rARY and SECRET
ITISH WOODS, 60 dis-
les of colour, either for
and much-admiro(I pro-
Wood-cnrving premises,
MLico, where the nrt has
itlnv exceeding 4(l,()no/.
It Proprietor of (he Kac-
owned the patent and
led to the plant in Kiig-
rell worthy the attention
to take an interest and
^hero is a show-room on
of Mr. Thomas Tiiosip-
abovo cabinet.
anil //cscrijit ion. [i 123
5AUCE, jjrepared by
c of a Nobleman in tlio
relish to steaks, chops,
imo, soup, curries, and
.ting properties enables
bo'l. The daily use of
lulucive 10 henllh. and
rtorld. Sold M'liolesalo
^'cre-street, Cavcndish-
|uaro; and other nicr-
! principal dealers in
[.8
1801.]
MANUFACTURES AND MISCELLANEOUS.
59
PRIEST'S
EMTEiil¥E raiNITiiE iliiT
No.. I & 2, TUDOR-STREET, WATER STREET, BRIDGE-STREET, BLACKFRIAl'S, LONDON.
(IM ILLVaTRATED OATALOOUX.)
W. PRIEST bogs to invito the attention of the numerous visitors to this country and its |)ublin in frcunul to his
extensive assemblage of Office, Library, and Household Furniture, his being' the largest cstul)lislinicnt of the
kind in this kingdom, where may be found every article suited for the Office, the Study, or the Boiird-lloom.
Fire-proof Safes, Doors, &e. Also the greatest assortment of Household Furniture suited to cither the Mansion
or the Cottage. [i 109
COALPORT, SIIHOPSniKE,
EDGE & SON,
INVEJiTOnS ASH PHACTICAt MANUPACTUREUS OP
FLAT CHAINS FOR PITS,
AND OP
IMPROVED ROUND CHAINS
FOIl NAVAL AND MININO PUnFOSF.^,
respectfully call the attention of Proprietors of Mines to tlie
great superiority of their Cliains.
Copies of testimonials to their safety and durability,
from many eminent Arms, may be hod on application at
their stall in the Great i-^xliibition, or at the Manufac-
tory, [i aj
R. H. ROGERS3
12 and 13, Prospect-row, Walicorth, Lonrlon,
TMPEIIIAL CABINET, GLASS-PAPER, and
A GLASS-CLOTH MANUFACTUKKIIS, and which is
still unequalled in quality, ond will be found worthy of the
support of nil who honour it with their patronage.
Price per ream as follows (for cash) : —
•20s. 18s. Kis. 13s. I2s. lis. 10s.
N.O. — All orders hi/ /.o»< promptly attended to. [i 28
MESSRS. T. HOLLAND & Co.,
LAKGHAM FACTOKY,
GODALMING, SURREY,
SOLE PATENTEES of FLEECY HOSIERY,
so highly recommended by the most eminent pliysi-
cians, as an article pre-eminently calculated for under-
clothing, whether in cold countries, or in the uncertain
climate of Great Britain.
Originol Inventors of LADIES' DRESSF.S and WAIST-
COATS; also of GENTLEMEN'S PANTALOONS and
DKAWERS, shaped from the frame.
Manufacturers of every article of Ladies' ond Gentle-
men's Under-clothing, .ihethcr in Fleecy. Hegovin, Worsted,
Lamb's-wool, Cotton, &c. &c., adapted for wcor in every
climate.
N.B. — Articles of the above manufacture sold by the
principal Wholesale Houses in the City only; and retailed
by nil respectable Hosiers in all parts. [l 60
30
OFFICIAL ILLll, IRATED CATALOGUE ADVERTISER.
['.Ml.
SCAIinOROUGlI.— REKDS ROYAL HOTEL.
'I'lio iiliovo uld-establitheil Family Hotel U licuiitifull)'
situated, commandliiK <n extensive lea view, and |HiM<>Mea
every reqiiUlte t'ur tne aocommodAtlon of Vlslton to thii
oi;lobratud Watering-place. [l 238
SCARBOROUGH,
"QUEEN OF nillTISH WATERING-PLACES."
SHARFIN'S GROWN HOTEL,
ESPLANADE,
coMTiauoua to the spa, samdh, cufp-dripoe, and
PL{L\)*URIHinOUNDI.
{•'nmilles will And the above extcngivc Fstabllihinont moat
nRrocubly situated, commanding a splendid view of the
ucuan, cumbiii'ng every comfort and cunvonlonce.
TABLK D'HOTK AT FIVE O'CLOCK.
B1LLI\RD.TABLE \m BATHS Ii\ THE HOUSE.
An Omnibui and Cobt at the RaUway Station, [i 293
HARROGATE,
THE
METROPOLIS OF BRITISH WATERING.PUCES.
TJ^ARROGATE i» situuted in Yorkshire, within six
1 ' hours of London, a xliort distance from York and the
far-lamed Fountains* Abbey, nbout equi-<li9tai>t lictwecn
the Northern Ocean and the Irish Channel. Its position on
i\ tabie-land — o p: !icight above the level of the sco— ond
its dry, sandy, hi;^IUy-draincd soil, combine to render it a
peculiarly ht .ilthy an('. bmuing residence. It is on account
of the benefits which arc to be gained from its different cele-
brated MINEK \L SPRINGS ind y ATMS that Ilarrogoto is
chiefly frequented. These springs arc many In point of num-
ber : Rf regards their liropcrties nnd effects, they are no less
various. They may, however, 1 suUlividcd into five great
flosses: —
I. TliK strong Sulphureous,
11. 7'hc iiilil Suliihurioui.
III. Tltc imrr Saline.
' IV. TItepurr Chatybeato,
V. the Saline Cliuli/licnte.
The two first classes are valuable, not only In Ciiinneous,
but also in various Dyspeptic Complaints, in derangements
of the Liver, in Gout and Uhoumatism, and in some par-
ticular rases of I'emalc Disease. In fact, as many or most
Cutaneous diseases dcjwnd more or less upon one or another
of these diseases above n.'.mcd, the cure of the former (the
ifffct) is more or less consequent upon the removal of those
4tseascs which arc the cause.
There arc many coses where the third class above men-
tion<-<i (the pure Saline springs) nio highly useful.
It would be out of place in this notice to enumerate the
numerous derangements of the system which are benefited
by the fourth and fifth classes, viz. — the pure Chalybeate
ond the Saline Chalybeate. Suffice it to say that the Chaly-
beate springs are much stronger than most of a similar kind
In I lis country ; while the Saline Chalybeate springs ore
unique i i Great Britain, and in point of analysis, as well
as in their physiological and therapeutic effects, are closely
analogous to the famous Ragozzi spring at Kissingen.
A case may now be seen at the Exhibition of all Nations,
containing specimens of some of the principal Waters, with
their respective analyses.
It only remains to bo added that the accommodation for
visitors, both at 'he hotcla and lodging-houses, ia of a first-
rate description. [i 133
HOTEL DE LILLE and ALBION, in FARIS
323. RIJK W. HONOKE,andHUl: l>i; UIVOLlJ
Hotel for '.'cmiliui and Gentry. Bathi, Stables, and Engliih
Attendance. — The garden! of thU Uotel conduct to tha
Tuilerles. [i \%j
II
OTEL 1)K FOLKSrONE, 9, HUE CASTKL.
LVNE, PARIS: L. OLIVIER, Propriotor.-Ti cs-
tabli jhment, situated in the handsome quarter of the Uiule-
leine, neor the Boulevards, the Tuileriot. and the Uianina
Elysces, is specially I '-iiuonted by Engllsti travellers, Itig
particularly noted tin its elegant ftirnlluro. good manage,
nicnt, cleanliness, and moderate charges. Tiio attendtnos
is mode by I'.nglish servants, and notiiing is spareil liy tha
Proprietor to y 'h'T this Hotel one of the most eomf'ortablo
in Paris. Tun'. .T'loto at three francs: BodnHHnsi and
A partments ai i: : > .'es. Interpreters for all languages, [i 141
filE ISLE OF MAN,
SITUATED in ho centre of the United Kingdom
(within six hours' sail by steam from Liverpool, flvo
from Fleetwood, seven from Dublin, ond twelve from (ilai-
gow), though eiimporativoly so little known as such, ig, in
most respects,
UNEQUAJ I.ED AS A WATERING-PLACE
and Residence. It is exempt from taxation. Its waters
are pellucid— sea-bathing unrivalled -scenery magnificent
— climate eqniiblo and salubrious — Collegiate and Scholaalic
Rstablishmeiits excellent— the luxuries and necessaries of
life attaiuablo at moderate prices. The Island is well pro-
vided with first-rate Hotels and Lodglng-houies, excellent
Roads, cheap Conveyances, &o, ; whilst there are no Turn-
pikes or Toll-bars to fret the temper of the Traveller on
land, nor Harbour Dues to discourage the Yochtman, 'To
the Capitalist, the Annuitant, and the Valetudinarian a
more agreeable, healthflil Residence con scarcely bo found
in Her Majesty's dominions than In this Island. First-clast
Steamers, carrying Her Majesty's Moils, and commanded by
able officers, leave Prince's Pler-hcad, Liverpool, eery
morning (Sundays excepted) at eleven o'chiok during the
summer months ; and from c leotv/ood, Dublin, and Glaa-
gow, weekly. [i 235
niELTEWlIAIMr,
QUEEN'S HOTEL.
TO FOREIGNERS AND OTHERS VISITING THE
EXHIBITION.
q^IIIS HOTEL is situated in the most fashionable
A jiart of the town (in the immediate vicinity of the
fpAs), and is one of the largest In England, having nearly
100 Bed-rooms, with Sitting Apartments fitted up in u style
combining comfort with elegance ; and from the retired
situation of the Hotel there is no annoyance to visitors from
the continual rattle of carriages, &c. ; it is therefore admir-
ably adapted for invalids.
It has now been determined to reduce the scale of ohar^ea
nn follows, in order to obtain on extensive patronage from
the public : —
£. s. d.
Board rnd Lodging, Table d'Hote, per week eoch 2 7 6
, , , , In Private Apartments , , 3 0 0
, , , , ) ) If more than
two persons , 2 12 6
, , , , for a Servant . . . , , 110
Dressing-room , 070
Fires (when required) , , 0 5 0
Sitting-room from 42*. to 10». 6rf. per week.
Beds . . . . • per night 0 2 0
Breakfast, with meat or eggs 0 2 0
, , without ,, 016
A MODERATE FIXED CHARGE FOR SERVANTS,
Omnibuses, Flys, Pott-ltorso, Ciirrioffcs, Sfc. ij-o. [i 147
ITISER,
land ALDION, i,, yT^
PRB.MdBUEDi; uivoir '
I of this Hotel conduct to th«
[i 187
IrONE, 9, HUE CAST??
luviEft, Proprictor-T! i:
I the Tul oriof and tho t'lmm«
led by Kng|,i, traveller., ht
lerato charges, 'jno ottondiX
lB,and nothing Is gpare.1 byi,
Lr^'r '^""l;. "«^"»>»>, ,„d
firprctcrgfor all languages, [i u"
[e op MAIV, ~"
itrc of tho United Kinifdoni
I ^ ""'0 known as such, Is, in
A WATERING-PLACE
pt from Uxatlon. Its woten
nrivallod- scenery magniflccnt
ious-Colleglate and Schola.tlo
le luxuries and necessaries of
•rices The Island is well pro-
and Lodging-houses, excellent
to. ; whilst there arc no Tum-
10 temper of the Traveller on
llscounige the Yachfman. To
nt, and the Valotudinarian a
esldence can scarcely bo found
sty s iUailg, and commoiidcU by
» Pler-hcad, Liverpool, ccrV
) at cloven o'clock duringthi
Fleetwood, Dublin, and Glas-
[i235
Ei\IIAM,
I HOTEL
OTHEBS VISITING THE
JITION.
ted in the most fashionahlo
ho immediate vicinity of tho
Mt in England, having nearly
tpartments fitted up in u style
rancc ; and from tho retired
no annoyance to visitors from
09, &o. ; it is therefore admir-
to reduce tho scale of ohnrRes
on extensive patronage frim
r, ^ IDOl
1881.]
WATERING -PL A rES AND HOTELS.
ni
lote.
£. s. d.
per week each 2 7 6
9 Apartments
if more than
• • • •
ant . . .
3 0 0
9 12
1 1
0
0
<l. per week.
• . . per night 0
0
0
2 0
2 0
1 6
\nOE FOR SEnVANTS.
Iff, Curriuffet, ^c. ^c. [i 147
[victoria espla-vade and jetty, great varmootii.]
GKEAT , RMOUTH, NOBFOLE.
[irescnt ^rentrr ottrnrtions to Ihoso in pursuit of health or rcr roation than
jnt Ska I'oiir is placoil ot tho extrpnio Kiistcni iwint of the Eu};li8h Coast,
TiiERE arc few places in tho Kingdom win. ,, [li
theTown ofGUEAT YAKMOUTU. This ancient ! _ ^
and lias long been celebrated for the great purity and ! .ucing (juality of the air, which nets as'a powerful yot"wl)ole8omo
stimulant to tho human frame, whether worn (town by core, anxiety, or diseoso. It bus therefore been strongly recom-
mended by the most eminent of tho faculty, ospocially in cases of dcliility or of pamlytir complaints. SKA-UATHINO
can hero bo enjoyed in perfection. Tho Sands are flnn ami shelving, free from rock mid mud, perfectly safe for children,
and are tho best adopted of any uround Great Uritnin for walking and riding. Grcot Yarmouth has now become a liathing-
place of great renort ; and numerous HOTELS and LODCING-IIOIISKS, commanding Marino Views of cunfiiderablo
extent and beauty, have been erecte«l, ufTording suitable accommodation to Families of Hank, as well ns for all classes of
Visitors, at reasonable charges. The Sea View ia unrivalled, and presents an ever-changing Panorama, the charms of which
it is impossible to exaggerate, as tho number of Vessels which pass through Yarmouth Koads <r.osE insiioue is greator than
on any other part of the Coast, or perhaps of the world ; and during tlio Mackerel Fishen-, lir.m April to July, and tho
Herring Fishery, from September to December, this part of the Coast has a very animated appearance, and tho labours of
the Fishermen are a constant source of amusement and interest to Visitors ; whilst for Marine Excursions, Yawls of arery
superior buihl, combining swiftness with safety, are in constant readiness, and every facility for Boating is afforded by the
Kivers Yare, Waveney, and Uure.
Tho Market is abundantly supplied with Meat, Fish, Poultry, and Game nt moderate prices ; and Yarmouth is cele-
brated fur its Ale.
The old town of Great Yarmouth is of considerable antiquity, is built on a plan unseen in any other part of tho
Kingdom, and presents many peculiar features.
The principal objects ol interest and amusement in the town and neighbourhood arc the Parish Church of St. Nicholas,
a magnificent structure of the thirteenth century (^where there is a daily service) ; St. t'eter's Church, St. George's Chapel,
a Uoman Catholic Church, and other places of religious worship : the Column erected to the memory of Lord Nelson ; tho
Jetty extending into the sea, and affording a delighti'ul promenade ; the Victoria Esplanade and Hritauuia Terrace, faciuf;
the ocean ; the Denes (or Downs) and Itace-coursc, with ample space for equestrian exercise ; the Quay, of une(iualled
extent and beauty; tho Itoyal Military Lunatic Asylum; the Theatre; the Hath and Heading Uooms ; Public i,ibrory ;
Gorleston Cliffs anil Piers ; the Uomau Camp, called Garianonum, at Burgh Castle ; the ruins of tlie castellated mansion of
Sir John Fostolfe, K.G., at Caistcr : many curious and highly interesting Churches in the adjoining parishes, some of them
with the round towers peculiar to the district ; wldlst the ancient City of NOIIWICU, with its Castle, Cathedral, and
numerous Churches, is within half an hour's distance by railway.
A Mahine Heoaita will take place in July, and the annual Races on the 9th and 10th September.
There is a direct Hallway and Telegraphic Communication to all the most important towns in the kingdom. Trains
leave by the Eastern Counties Haiiway at Shoreditch, and Steamers leave London ISridge every Wednesday ond Saturday
(fares— first cabin, 8s. ; second, &«.). The Hull, Newcastle, Leith, Aberdeen, and luvoruess Steomeis pass weekly through
Yarmoutli lioads.
The Principal HOTELS fronting the Sen are
The VICTORIA, ellis, «•>< the victoria esplanade;
The BATH HOTEL and LODGING-HOUSE,
BLY, NEiVu THE JETTY (with Pipes to the Baths direct from the Se.i) ;
The ROYAlT HOTEL,
bird, south BEACH (Hot and Cold Sea-water Batik co>istanti,y ready) j
The NORFM^K HOTEL,
GEORGE BUCKHAM, Pkoprietor, Wine Merco-vnt, NORTH BEACH.
In -nm MARKET-PLACE, The ANGEL HOTEL, JOHN BKOWNE. [i 304
<^,
w^.
IMAGE EVALUATION
TEST TARGET (MT-3)
.^
^
- b
11^
IJA
11^
||l.4 |,.6
C7>
<^
V.
Photographic
Sdences
Corporation
33 WEST MAIN STREET
WEBSTER, N.Y. MS80
(716)S72-4S03
.^
^
^
o^
62
OFFICIAL ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE ADVERTISEB.
[1861.
SPECIMENS OF HOPS (us prepared for Sale
by J. M. Paimb) of the true Goldiho VARirrr, grown
at Farnham, upon the Photphorie Strata of the Lower
Chalk Marl and Upper Green Sand. Hops abatraot Arom
the 8oil more phoipnorlc acid than any other cultivated
oroi) ; hecoe the sultableneM of this remarkable aoil for
their perennial growth. Nearly the whole of Mr. J. M.
FAUfrg extensive Hop Plantations are thus situated.
Agents for sale, Messrs. 8. Gibbons & Co., S53, High-
street, Southwark. [i 43
Utdrr PatroHoga i^Rojfalty and the Authority itfthe Htculty.
KEAIfKG'S COUGH LOZENOBS.
A CERTAIN REMEDY for Disorders of the
PuLNONART OnoAKS. Tu DlfBcttlty of Breathing— In
Redundancy of Phlegm — in Incipient CoHStiiiF«oii (of
which CouoH is the most positive indication), they are of
unerring efficacy. In Asthma, and in Wditbb Cocob, they
have nettr been known to faiL
KsA-mia's Cough Lozenoes are flPM from<«vc'.7 dele-
terious ingredient; they may, tberetSM«,'itoe 'taken at all
times, by the most delicate female and by the yoM^eit cUld ;
while the Pdbmc Speaker and the Frofessiomai. Sinoer
will find them invaluable in allaying the hoarseness and
irritation incidental to vocal exertion, and consequently a
powerful auxiliary in the production of melodious emuh-
CIATION.
Prepared and sold in Boxes, 1(. \\d., and Tins, 2*. 9(f.,
4f. 6A, and 10«. 6rf. each, by THOMAS KEATING,
Chemist, &c.. No. 79, St. Pautt Churchyard, London, [i S!26
IVHITE'S SACCHARIZED HYDRATE OF MAGNESIA.
'pmS new and elegant Preparation is now offered
X to the Medical Profession and the Public. After
having devote<l several years to the preparation of the
article, the Manufacturer with confidence, under the sanc-
tion of eminent Physicians, introduces it as a mild aperient
and corrector of the acid of the stomach. From its agree-
able, pleasant taste, it will bo found much more palatable
tiukn any other preparotion of Magnesia. Being most useful
for Children, and peculiarly adapted for them, it may be
relied on as a perfectly safe remedy in all coses where this
medicine may be required. The Manufacturer has received
testimonies of the efficacy of this medicine from some of the
first Physicians.
Sold in bottlos at Is. each.
Agents in Lon-ion : Babci.ay and Sons, 95, Farringdon-
street ; Edwards, 67, Paul's-churchyard ; SA::aEB, LW, Ox-
ford-street ; IIannay and Co., 63, Oxford-street ; Bei.i., 338,
Oxford-street; W. S. Rumsev, wholesale agen^ 3, Queen-
Btrcot-place. Agents for Ireland : J. G. Boileau and Co.,
Mary's Abbey, Dublin. [i 203
Ktk AAA riTDDV by DU BARRY'S REVA-
(lU^UUU i/UllulJ LENTA ARABICA FOOD,
without medicine, inconvenience, or expense (as <t saves
flf^ times its cost in other remedies).— Cure No. 180:
" Twenty-five years' nervousness, constipation, indigestion,
and debility, from which I had suffered great misery, and
which no medicine could remove or relieve, have been
effectually cured by Du Barry's Itevalenta Arabica Food in
a very snort time. — W. B. Beeves, Pool Anthony, Tiver-
ton." Cure No. 4208 : " Eight years' dyspepsia, nervous-
ness, debility, with cramps, spasms, and nausea, for which
my servant hod consulted the advice of many, have been
effectually removed by Du Barry's delicious health-restoring
food in a very short time. I snail be happy to answer any
inquiries. — Rev. John W. Flavell, Ridlington Rectory, Nor-
folk." Cure No. 1609: "Three years' excessive nervous-
ness, with pains in my neck and left arm, and general
debility, which rendered my life very miserable, have been
radically removed by Du Barry's health-restoring food. —
Alex. Stuart, Archdeacon of Ross, Skibbcreen." Ciure No.
49,832 : " Fifty vears' indescribable agony from dyspepsia,
nervousness, astlima, cough, consti|>ation, flatulency, spasms,
sickness at the stomach, and vomitings, have been removed
by Du Barry's excellent food.— Maria Jolly Wortham, Ling,
near Diss, Norfolk." Copies of testimonials of 50,000 cures
(including those of Lord Stuart de Decies, Mojor-General
Thomas Iving, Drs. Ure, Shorland, and Harvey) gratis. In
canisters, with full instructions, 5 lb., 1 U. ; 12 lb., 22*. Super-
refined, 5 lb., 22«. ; 10 lb., 33<. The 10 lb. and 12 lb. carriage
free.— Du Barky and Co., 127, New Bond-slnxt, LondoH.[i 273
Sn JAMES MBBKAY'S FLUm MAGNESIA.
PREPARED under the immedwte care of the
Inventor, and established for upward* of thlr^ years
bj the Profession, fbr removing BILK, ACIDITIES, and
INDIGESTION, restoring APPETITE, preserving a mo-
derate state of the bowMS, and dlsaolvdig uio acid in
GRAVEL and GOUT; also as an easy remedy for SEA-
SICKNESS, and for the ftbrile affection incident to child-
hood, it ia inveluablei
On the value of Magnesia at a remedial agent it is unne-
eassary to enlarge ; but the Fluid Preparation of Sir James
Murray is now the most valued bv the Profession, as it
entirely avoids the poasiblllty of those dangerous eonere-
tions usoaliy resulting flrom the use of the artiele in jmwder.
Sold by the sole Coniignee, Mr. WILLIAM BAILEY, of
Wolverhampton, and by all wholesale and retail Druggists
and Medicine Agents throughout the British Empire,
In bottles, 1(., ii. 6d., Ss. 6d., 5«. 6d., lis., and 21t. each.
The Acidulated Syrup, in bottles, St. each.
N.B.— Be rare to ask for "Sir James 'iiiurray's Prepara-
tien," and to see that his name is stamped on each label iu
men ink, as follows: — "Jams* Murray, Physician to the
Lord Lieutenant."
Drugs, Chemicals, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Prepa-
rations of every description supplied to Merchants for ship-
ment on the best possiole terms. [i 204
W. GULVEBWELL'S^ "
Portable Domestic Vaponr Bath,
TO BE SEEN AT TUB GREAT EXmBITION.
It is told by fflori Chemittt. Tin, lit. 6d. ; Copper, 2I«.
Ladies and Gentlemen who mav be desirous of possessing
so valuable a remedial agent as tno Vapour Bath is acknow-
ledged to be, are respectfully invited to see the above appa-
ratus in oction at
16, CHARLOTTE-STREET, BLACKFRIARS-BOAD,
NEAR ROWI.AND HILL'S CHAPEk
TESTIMONIALS.
" 31, Oeorge-ttreet, Hanoeer-tquare.
" I bear \.'ilUng testimony to the efficacy of Mr. W. Cul-
verwell's Portable Domestic Vapour Bath ; and as its price
is very moderate, 1 beg to recommend its use to all those
who are in the habit of employing a vapour-bath.
« December 31, 1850." " B. G. Babinoton, M.D.
" I can testifv to the advantages that I have seen result
from the use of Mr. Culverwell's Portable Domestic Vapour
Bath ; it has the advantages of being taken in bed, and of
enabling the patient to be independent of a nurse.
"John C. W. Lever, M.D.,
" Phutician'Accoucheur to Guv's Jtomital,
" December 31, 1850."
" I hereby certify that I have mode use of Mr. Culver-
well's Portable Vapour Bath, which I consider a very con-
venient, efficient, and economical, as well as ingenious
apparatus, for the medicinal use of steam,
i' St. Thomas's Hospital, Jan. 3, 1851." " John F. South.
" Having used Mr, Culverwell's Apparatus for the applica-
tion of warm vapour to the body, I am pleased with its
simplicity and efficiency ; all the requirements of vapour,
simple or medicutcd, appear to be capable of fulfilment
through its means.
" Joseph Moore, M.D.,
" Consulting Physician to Queen Charlotte's
" 10, Saville-row, Jan. 11, 1851." Lying-in-IIotpital.
"The Vapour-Bath constructed by Mr. Culverwell has
been used in the Fever Hospital, and appears to answer
every purpose. Its simplicity and easy application are re-
commendations in its favour.
" A. TWEEDIE, M.D.,
" Physician (r. *he London Fever Hospital.
"^/wi/ll, 1851."
Testimonials in its favour have also been received from
Drs. Barlow and Oldham, J. Hilton, Es«]., and J. Stocker,
Esq., of Guy's Hospital; H. Hancoclg Esq., and J. Avery,
Esq., of Coaring-crogg Hospital; R. D. Grainger, Eso.,
Lecturer on Physiolngv, &c. ; Dr. Hodgkln ; and Dr. Munx,
Physician to the Royal Infirmary for Diseases of the Chest,
&c. [1 218
[1861.
1861.]
MISCELLANEOUS.
63
> South.
EAST INDIA AND COLONIAL
AGENCY.
/
MESSRS. HENRY CASSIN ahd Co., 9, OLD
BSOAD STREKT, LONDON, act as ComioHUS
for MKBOBARTt, Sbipowmebs, and othen; undertake to
p^ure the Engliih Staples of every description from the
most eminent nouses in Europe, with whom they are in
constant oominunioatlon ; and at the instance of many
distinguished members of the East India Company's service,
the Agency is available for the supply of Stores for Hegi-
mental Messes, Public Institutions, Officers of the Naval,
Militwry, and Civil Services, Native and European Residents.
Messrs. U. C. and Co. continue to receive periodical
Consiramentt of the finest Champagne, Clarets, and Ger-
man Wines of the most favourite vintages, direct from
growers of known repute (the corks bearing the proprie-
tors' brand). They aiso continue to supply the splendid
Cabinet Champagne of Madame VX" Cucquot Ponsardin ;
and as especial attention is paid to the corking and pack-
ing before leaving the Vineyards, parties in India and the
Colonies may confidently rely upon receiving their Wines
in perfect condition.
Complete instructions should be given, and all Orders
accompanied by a remittance or reference for payment in
England.
Insurances eflTected at Lloyd's, at moderate premiums.
[i 14
CHICORY
in all its stages, from the Raw Root to the Ground Dust, as
used in miking with, and instead of, Coffee ; also
PASTEL, or IMITATION WOAD,
made from the leaves of the Chicory plant, and as used in
the Dye Vat for the fastening of difiierent colours
in Woollen Cloths.
CHICORY, or" CICIIORIDM," a tap-rooted plant of the
Endive family, the root of which is largely used as a substi-
tute for Coffee.
From its medicinal qiulities, it is considered a valuable
admixture to Coffee, as it counteracts the astringent effects
thereof.
It can also be sold at a much lower price, and, being of
home produce, is recommended to the public, in connexion
with Coffee, as a wholesome and nutritious beverage, the
consumption of which is now becoming very general.
Though formerly believed to be a prejucUcial admixture
with Coffee, it is now positively proved to be quite the
contrary.
The leaves of this plant are also applicable to the manu-
facture of a valuable Dye-Stuff called " Pastel," or " Imita-
tion WoAD," of which they form a principal ingredient.
'This article is very largely used by Wool Dyers, and is a
valuable agent in the Dye Vat, for fastening colours in
cloths.
The application of this plant to the above joint purposes
Is of recent date in Ireland. The first of the above-men-
tioned articles produced from this plant were manufactured
and introduced into the English market with success by Mr.
Paul Kino Bracken, from his manufactory in the neigh-
bourhood of Dublin.
The liamples now exhibited were grown and manufactured
by Arthub Hill Grifffth, Esq., Gortmore, Ballymore,
dounty Westmeath, under Mr. Bracken's directions.
Mr. Griffith has established a Factory for the combined
produce of Chicory and Woad, which is promising to be
very successf\il, and gives very considerable employment to
the poorer classes in the vicinity.
As an Agricultural Crop, and one suited to the soil and
climate of ueland, together with the large Quantity of labour
required for the bringing of these articles to perfection,
this plant is considered of great national importance.
In an economic view, the advantages can be ascertained
by a comparison of the respective prices of those articles
with the present prices of Coffee and Woad, neither of
which can be produceti at double the remunerative prices of
Chicorv or iMrrATioN Woad, both of which substitutes are
in most respects quite as eiBcient, and some superior to,
their originals.
SAUNDERS AND OATGHELL,
KXHIBITOItS,
C & 7, MOUNTKATIl-STRKET, DUBLIN, [i JOS
EU6ENE RIMHEL'S PERFUMERY,
WhoIeMl* and ftr Bzportetioii,
39, GERRARO-atBEBr, SoHO, LoNDON ; AND
19, Boulevard db la Gare d'Ivrit, Pabm.
VISITORS to the Exhibition, and more particularly
those who consume or deal in PERFUMERY, are in-
vited to inspect the specimens of G. Rimhel's manufacture
which they will find in the north-east gallenr of the building.
Price-lists and other particulars may bo obtained at either
of the Manufactories. £. Rimmel begs to draw the attention
of the Public to the fact that he is the only Perfumer pos-
sessing a manufactory in Paris as well as in Londoi\ which
enables him to combine the well-known English soui\dness
of quality with French taste and modicity of prices ; an
advantage which cannot fail to be appreciated by all intel-
ligent home and foreign buyers. E. It. will conclude with
a short notice of his articles most in repute.
Rimmil's Toilit Vihioab, to auperwde Eau de Cologne.
For the Handkerchief.
Rimmert Exhibition Houquet.
Himmel'i Junny I Jnd Bouquet.
Bimmel't Jockoy Club Bouquet.
Rimnel'i Ew. Bouquet.
Rimmel'* Spring Flowera.
lUmmel's litlgatott of lU Per-
fumes.
For the Compleiion.
Rimmel'a Herbie det Sultanet.
Rimmel'a Cr^me d'bpaban.
Rimmel'a (<old Cream.
Rimmel'a Amandine.
Rimmel'* Roae- Leaf Powder.
For the Teeth.
Rimmel'a Odontine.
Himmel'a Elixir.
For the Hair.
Rimmel'a Exhibition Hommade.
Rimmel'a Nutritive Cream.
Kimmera Caator Oil Pomatum.
Himmera Hair Waah.
Rimmel'a New Indelible Cos-
met Iquea.
RimmeVa Inatantaneous Hair Dye
Improved Boapa.
Rimmel'a lUuatrated Soapa.
Rimmel'a Ladies' Own Soap.
Rimmel'a Musk Brown Windsor.
Rimmel's Malalttikon.
Kimmel'a Cream of Almonda.
Sundries.
Rimmel'a I'eifumed Almanarka,
Plora'a Fonntaina, Winter
Rouqueta, &c.
Rihmil's Abtificial Haib, to imitate Human Hair.
EUGENE RIMMEL,
39, Gerrardstreet, Soho, London;
and 19, Boulevard de la Gare dCIvry, ParU.
{See Illtutrated Catalogue.) [i 25
EAU DE HENTE PECTORALE DE DALMAHOY.
Avis aux Negociant, Mainont d'£!jymrtations, et en general au
Public de toutea ks parties du monde.
L'EAU DE MENTE PECTORALE, renomm^
pour ses excellentes qualites et si largement employee
dopuis plus d'un demi-siecle en Kussio et autrcs parties do-
I'Lurope, se prepare chez Artiilk •Stephen Hill, II, Little
Britain, London, qui en est I'unique proprie'taire, et dont
le nom et I'adresse se trouvent sur ciiaque etiquette. Toute
autre est contrefaite. Le proprietaire n'en fait que le debit
en gros ; mais elle se procure en bouteilles, en detail, chea
John Coroer, Chimiste, Kensington, pres la Grande Expo-
sition.
Messieurs les Negocians venant de I'e'tranger sent pre-
Venus que toute oplre en gros de drogues ou medicamens
pour I'etranger sont executes avec soin et sous le moindre
delai. Les meilleurcs qualite's sont garonties. — Mogosins
en gros et d'exportation de drogues, Arthur Stephen Hill,
1 1, Little Britain, London. [i 72
ABBOTT & WRIGHT,
CROWN GLUE MANUFACTURERS,
Needham Market, Suffolk. [i 51
BOOKER and SONS, 13 and 14, MOUNT-ST.,
GROSVENOR-SQUARE, & EDMONTON, COACH-
BUILDERS, by Appointment to the Queen, continue to
manufacture every description of Carriage in the best stylo,
and on the most moderate terms. [i 65
SEULS MACJASINS des Twkeds et Tabtaks
EcossAis deLOCKES, 119 and 127, Regent Street.
Chales et e'charpcs plaids pour dames, grandes longueurs.
Cachemires de Sole filde, 6/4. Linsey-Woolseys (Brocatelles)
pour robes, 8.
Plaids de voyage pour homme, et Tweeds Ecossois de
cuuU'urs les plus varices pour habits de chnsse, pnntulons,
&c., propres U tons lv:i climats. {Class XII., No. 118.) [i277
64
OFFICIAL ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE ADVERTISER.
[1861.
AUX VILLES DE FRANCE.
MAGASINS DE NOUVEAUTES.
51, RvE ViviENNE, PARIiS, Rue Richelieu, 101.
ALL KINDS OF SILKS FOB DRESSES:
ANTIQUE WATERED SILKS, PLAIN AND FIGUKED SARCENETS, CHECKED FOULARDS,
SATINS, VELVETS, UNIN6 SARCENETS.
ALL-COLOURED MERINOS:
PLAIN AND PRINTED CASHMERES D'ECOSSE, PLAIN AND PRINTED
MUSLINS DE LAINE.
ALL KINDS OF FANCY TEXTURES:
PRINTS, PRINTED JACONETS, DIMITIES, ORGANDIES.
1^
All Kinds of Linen Goods and Cambrics^ Handkerchiefs^
All Kinds of Table Linen ;
RIBBONS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION;
HOSIERY ; WHITE COTTON GOODS ;
INDIAN SHAWLS,
CHINA CBAFEB, FRENCH CAgHMEBES, 8UAWLS OF ALL KINDS, CLOAKS AND MANTLES ;
LACES OF ALL KINDS ;
NECKERCHIEFS, BANDANAS, AND CRAVATS ; FLANNEL, WOOLLENDllArEUY, AND WAISTCOATING ;
CARPETS, FURNITURE;
HABERDIASHERY, GLOVES.
[i306
)Ov><.
IHl.]
MISCELLANEOUS.
65
RICHARDS' PRINTING-OFFICE, 100, St.
liAKTw'i Lxm — EttablUktd ntar^ HaU' a Cmlurp.
— AU kinds of Book-work, with or without lUuttratlou.
MiiMlkuieou* Printing neatly md expeditiouBly exeouted.
Coprerplato and Litbographie Printing. [i 318
POLLONICON ORGAN ROOMS.— Thomas
J. RoBSon, Organ Builder, 101. St. Martiii'* Lahb,
CHunoB, CBAMBBn, SKue-Aomia, ana Psauiodic OaoAii
MiunnrAorvaw.
(Saf E»harmmie Organ in ExIubUkm.) [i 315
DWARD DODD, Manufacturer.— Violin, Yio-
loneello. Guitar, and Harp Strings. Silvered Strings
of Superior Quality. — Manufactory, lia, Vadxhau. Walk,
LAMBCrra. Violin and Violoncello Bow Maker. [i 308
THB ST. HTHTiinWB
CROWN, SHEET, ANoPlATEfiLASS
COMPANY,
- ST. HELEN'S, LANCASHIRE,
MAKUFACTUHERS OF
All kinds of Blown Window Glass,
QLA88 SHADES,
ALSO OF
Church, Mansion, & other Windows,
IN THG HODEBN AND AKTIQDE STYLES
AND METHODS,
OB
Upon Single Plates of Glass,
AS EXHIBITED IN THE PUESENT EXPOSITION, [l 2C2
■HI ■ piMIM-l !■ W I I M^— ^ M.M ■ I
J. M. BLASHFIELD,
AGBICrLTURAL CHEMIST
MAMUFACTUBER OF PATENT ABTinCIAL
MANURE,
No. 3, NEW LONDON-STREET, MARK-LANG,
AMD MILL-WALL, POPLAR.
THE Patent Manure is sold under the name of
COl'ROS or KOPROS, and is made by combining the
soluble nitrogenmui matter found on the mud-banks of the
Thames and ottier places with salts of ammonia, silicates,
and phosphates. It is a iry innoxious powder, and may be
used bv the drill or broad-cast. It is lighter in point of
bulk than any other manure in use, and contains more am-
monia and other soluble matter.
It has been largely used during the past year for Wheat,
Oats, Barley, Turnips, Swedes, and Potatoes ; and the Testi-
monials which the Patentee has received in its favour are of
the highest character.
Also SUPERPHOSPHATE of LIME, prepared only
firom Bones, and warranted free from Ashes, Gypsum, or any
other adulterating substance— a fine Manure for Green-
Crops. Sulphate of Ammonia, Nitrate of Soda, Sulphate of
Magnesia. Finely ground Gypsum, Coprolites, or Phos-
phates, [i 310
GLASS SHADES
ror Mm Oerviaf a«d PNssrtatioB of
Cloeki, SUtoattM, Wu riowen, Alabwrtar, aiid other
Onumanta and AiUolea of Verto.
GLAUDET AHD HOUOHTON
iMViac aomMtnit^ rsilHeMi M<ir jN'iatt <t<«laM SkoAf, thsgr magr M
appwpitatsd adToatHsooiUr not onl7 as Sbovs. Imt also te
PROTECnNQ QOOOB EXPOUD FOR SALB
Itam dost and tht impatltiit of tbs atmeaplMM.
WiMlMHa* A BetaU OUM Sbad* ^KTmi
80 HIOH HOLBOBN.
PAINTED ft 8TAINBD GLASS for WniD0W8»
AiiantT on MoDaan, nccirntD in raa sasr sttli, amb at
MODaaATK rsicn by
CLAUDET AND HOUOHTON,
•9, wagh ■elbora, Konaoa.
WHITE BNAMELLBI) WINDOW OL AB8, ofvariogi noitwas al
vsqr kiw ptioM. EMB088BD AND BNORATED GLASH CUATS
OF ARHS, CRESTS, he. he Deiigiu taniibsd whni tiqnlrad.
Fsttms and Bpeelmtns may be lem at thtir WanbooM,
SOUMI
CLAUDET AND HOUGHTON,
-wivao-vr o&asb MaKosAarxs,
•9f nWk Halbem, aendon.
BRITISH AND PATENT PLATE OLASS, 8HEIT AND
C«OWN OU^SS, ROUGH PLATE QLAM,
And rrary other kind of Window Glsn for OwdUag Heosss, Cea-
Mnratorltia, &e., &c., on tho most oiodtrete twmi.
*•* Ualc/Priou/lmeardKtfirttonafpHtattOH.
VSLntitx ibt patronage of |^er ina^estB.
MB. OLAUDBT'S
lAfllllBBBfnPB NBflAlT ISTABUSIUIilS
Are Open Daily at Ko. 107, Begent Stamt (Qnadnnt) ;
and at the ColOMcnm, BegsnVs PaA.
NOTICE.— IIr.OI>AITDET has rMBwradhbpTiadpalBitebUihmMit
ftom King William Streot, Stnnd, to largn and Bon eoBTanimt
pramlMi in Ksgint Btnct, No. 107, (Qnadnnt).
Tba Rteoption and EihlblUon Room an on lb* gremid floor,
aad Virilon ban not to oiesBd bigbsr than tbo fint floor for bavtaia
Uwlr Fortmlti tolnn.
n* ExMMkm Boomt contain a OMiidtraMt eoUwKM i^ PvT'
traUt<^Bm>Mnt fVrtonant, BnglUh anil nrtign.
N.B.— Mr. OLAITDBT has on nl* EngraTiagi and Litbognphs flma
Digiismot,|M original!, taken by him of a nnmbtr of dutingniditd
Mnons, among which ara tba poitnlta of tba Dulia of Wawngloa,
lK»d Ooiigh, Lord Roue, llarqnli of Noitbomptoa, Lord O.
RautiDcli, Lord Btoughaui, Monaieur Quliot, &e., kc, tiCi . ..
F
66
OFFICIAL ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE ADVERTISER.
[IMI.
LIVERPOOL.— F. L. HAU8DDRG, Old Poit-
(MetButUimai, Golimmitii, itmvu**, CAMNn-MABia,
Uanuflioturer otduKit*,^! athhmh, Cram ubmuu, Lamh, Im.
tot moro thkii twenty-tls yean this Ettebllthment hM
•to^ unrivalloJ in Europe ftir the extent, exoellenee. and
vnnety of its Btoek nnd ManuflMtaref , all of which nave
been purahaiod by t, L. Ilatuburg for oaih, or made and
flnbhM under hit own order*, and In hie own workahopa. on
theM premtiea, by the mnit exp< "ienoed workmen, ana of
the very beet matoriali and htgheit flnish. To ftwm an idea
of thii vast anumbliuM of useful and beautiful artielet a visit
It indispensable, and, whether for business or pleaaure, is
ittost rospeetftiliy soUeited, with an assurance that, in either
ease, the ntmost politeness and attention will be shown.
F. L. tlAusnuNO b^s permission to direct attention to
■omR fow of tlio leading artioles of his stock ; vii. CbocRii,
beautiful in exterior, suitable for every description of
apartmuiit, of tlie most excellent flnish, and approved-of
priDclulos —warranted by the ouarantee of the ruidnt
manufaeturer, Watciir!!, Oold and Kilver, made on the
beat coustruotlous, Jewelled aiul finished on the premises
by the most talented workmen. De^Ksand Dkcssino-Case^
of every possible variety and suitable material, elaborately
Inlitid and lined with Velvet, Satin, or Silk ; or perfectly
•imple, flued witli Gold, Silver, or Steel necessaries of the
best description ; or made of tlie most convLMiicnt sixes for
travelling, and yet conteiuing every requisite. Ukon7.b<), —
the finest Models, and finished to bear tlie most close obser-
vation, under the immeillate suiieriutendonco of a resident
agent in I'nris. Italian SruLPTUHR— by artists of the
hlgliest standing ; original works in Ewvrs and Vasea ; and
oouies of the finest Groups of the Ancient and Modern
Schools. Bt.r.(7rRo-PL.VTr.— warranted to be by the Paten-
tees, nikington ft Co. Every article of Jf.\vf.i.i.f.hv— com-
prising a brilliant and beautiful display, and consisting of
Bulta of Jewels in precious stones ami iinu golii ; Necklets,
Brooches, Rings, Pins, Studs ; Mourning Jowolleiy, Jet
Ornaments ; Hair in evorv fbncv device, lie. &c. Ciianue-
MEM -in Glass, llroiuEc, ()r-moiu, and Porcelain — for Gas,
Oil, or Caudles, suitable for every style of residence. The
Celebrated Aiirrolf., Caucel, ami Candle Lamps, in China,
Or-molu, and Dronxo. Wouk and Whitinq TAnLE!<, in Papier
Maoh^, llosewood, and Mahogany, and fitted with ever^
requisite for ladles' work or writing, in Silver, Mother-of-
Pearl, Ivory, and Steel. Uoliemlan and French Glass Vases,
Taaxas, Lustres, Scent-Bottles, Flower-Glasses, fcc. &c. &c.
ttvres and Dresden China ; Powerful and Fine-toned Musi-
eai Boxes ; Fans of every dosoriptiou, do. tie. &o. — F. L.
UAU8BUKG, Liverpool. [i 300
POCKET SIPIIONIA, Waterproof; Weight 10
Ounces; for Sportsmen and Travellers. Kone are
genuine unless s'amped inside
ED.MISh)N, 69, SrRANo, London. fi 3U
GEORGE ROGERS,
BKE-niVE MILLS, BRADFORD, YORKSHIRE,
. Wontad Spiiiiiar, and WMmftwtnrer of Oobonrga,
HeniiettM, MnOara, Shavl-Olotha, Alpaw
Lvatiw, Orlauu, *e.
The Clotkt exhibited are made fiom Machine-combed Yariu.
Prices and other information may be obtained by a Letter
to the above aildross.
All widths made from 18 to <J0 inches in the Grey, [i 57
OXFORD Um In tlM road to BATH, BRI8TOL,
^^ CLlrfON, and th« Wwr or EnobAHo t also to
rrRATFORD4)M-AVON, LEAWMarroii, Waewick, Km-
NiLwoRTii, HiaMiNoaAii, and the North ; to CHnunNiiAM,
Ou>i)OE<rrEa, and Somm walrs. In ita nalghbowlioud an
Blenheim. NutimMM, and other plaee* of interest.
VISITORS TO OXFORD,
One hour ami twenty nuituienjrom London,
ARI INVITED TO IMPKCff
SPIERS A SON'S ESTABUSHMEMT,
103 fc 103, HioiHST., ty^KtsA* St. M.uiT'a Church CoRNn.
Their stock, one of the largest and most varied out of
London, includes goods of ovenr description suitable for
presenta, or for nmembranees of Oxford. Among thoie fiir
the use of tourists nre GUIDE-BOOKS and MAPS of the
II NI V ER8ITY and N KWU BOII RU(M)D of every descrip-
tion nnblished ; Onliinnre Miii>8 ; engraved Views of Oxford,
anti Models of its Public Ituiklinus; Desks, Dressing Cases,
Cutlery, fancy manufkctnros, articles of taste and virth, do.
MANtlFACi'ORV for DKCGRVflvD PAPIKR MACIIE,
—consisting of Tables, Screens, Cabinets, Desks, Alliums,
Portfolios^ Work B<ixcs, Ten Cmtdies, Cartl Cases, do., orna-
mented with views of (ixfnrd and iis neighbourhood, to the
extent ot'MIO subjeo s, by eminent artists.
Spiers and Son are publishers of the "Illusthated
Memorial for VisirroHS to Oxford," containing views,
maps, and'giMicrnl local information iiseftil to the tourist.
Information of every description readily alibrded to
strangers visiting their establishment.
In the Exhibition Building, thoirglassepse,ascml-octagonal
dome, is in the Central Avenue, next to Do la Rue's, [i 181
Under Rm/al Patromige,
OIVB INSTANT RELIEF, AND A RAPID OUHE OP
Aifhaa, Oonramptioii, Oonglu, Ooldi, and all IMMrd«nof
the BrMtn and Lnngi.
Small Books, fonlainim/ many hundreth t^'propetly authenticated
C«re$ <^'Atthm»t ami Connm/ition, maybe hadfroiu every Agent.
In Couoib. — The effect of these Wafers is truly surpris-
ing, as within ten minutes after taking a dose the most vio-
lent cough is snb'.lued. Tiiev have a PLF.y\!iANT taste. To
SiNOEim and Puulic Spearehs these Wafers are invaluable,
as by their action on the throat and lungs they remove all
hoarseness in a few hours, and wonderfully increase tlie
power and flexibility of the voice. Note. — Full Uireetkmt
are yiven wit't every box. In the Jingllih, German, and French
lanyuayei. Vhict., U. Sl^d., 'it. Md., and lU. per box. Also
have a most ple.«sant taste.
Price \s. l)r/., 'it. 9rf., and \\t. per box.
This is an aromatic and aperient Medicine of great eili-
cacy for regulating the secretions and correcting the oction
of tne stomach and liver, and is the only safe remedy for all
Bilious Appections. It is mild in its oction, and suitable
for all seasons and constitutions, while its aoreeable taste
renders it the bett medic'nefor children. Also, Dr. Lococx's
FEMALE WAFERS. The licst medicine for Ladies. Have
a pleasant taste. Full directions are given with everv box.
Observe I that every genntne box hat printed in the Go-
vernment Stamp the words "Dr. LorocK's Wafers;" and
the tignntnre of " Da Silva & Co.," 20, Bride-lane, Fleet-
atreet, London, isprinteilonthe directions given with every box.
Sold by all DHuaaiarj. L' ^'^
[IMI.
lan.]
MISCELLANEOUS.
67
Ml nwsAin Mogu ani uNuras
IN OR NEAR LONDON,
Now to be hi Fumiihed, at Moderate Bents,
LAHKM, SB, MKW B0MD<8TRKET, AOENT.
[iao5
iBuiiis Honi. BEuras-sniEn.
1l|fR8. A8HT0N taket this opportunity of returningr
Jfl. b«r gimtefbl thanki to her numeront Mends and
patrou who tat tite last fly nnd-twenty y«an have vUlted
her ntabUihment, and bege to aiauro them that the lame
attention on her part to eleanllneia, comfort, and regularity
will ever be obeerved, m ■• to enture a continuance of thoir
fiTOurt. [i 35
T} RAILWAY DIRECTORS, ENGINEERS,
and MANAOER8.-BAINE8'S PATENT IMPROVED
BWITCHER. The Patentee begs to annonnco that a set of
tiiese Switches may be seen laid down at the East End of
the Railway in the Great Exhibition Duilding.-OflHoe in
London, 17, SuffM-itreet, Pall Mall JSait, where all neces-
sary information may be obtained relative to the Switches
ana to Bambs's Patemt iMraovBo Pebmanent Wat without
Kavs. [i 393
EVERETT'S BLACKING, which is universally
used by the Court and Nobiuty of England, will be
fbund inllnitcly superior to any in tlie world, although no
higher in price than common Blacking. .Eveiirtt's Pousn
for Dress Boots, and Everett's Watebpboof Varnisb for
Boots, Uamess, Carriage-heads, lie., are unrivalled. EVE-
RETT, 51, FnTEB-LANE, iMnnoy. Section 16 in the Great
Exhibition. [i 303
OYSTERS. FISH, ICE. &e.— JOHN SWEET-
ING, FISU and OYSTER MERCHANT, alwurs has
the largest daily supply of the best Fiih, and the " BVBN-
HAM SIVBE HATIvjB 0TRBB8," which are the best in
the World, at his Establishment, 159, CiieAniDE. Citv. —
Bi)j«rior Oyster Rooms, Reid's Stout, and Steed's Ale. [i 175
ROMAN and other CEMENTS, manufactured by
J. M. BLASIIFIRI.D, successor to the Patentees,
Pabker & WvATr, who in 1796 first introduced PARKER'S
ROMAN CEMENT, which has now for upwards of fifty
years been extensively used in most of the public and
Srivate buildings and other Worics in this Country and
itonghout the World. Among the more recent Works in
this Gauntry, where it has been Jargely employed since
the present proprietor became the manufacturer, may be
named the I.yoeum and St. James's Theatres ; the Carlton,
Reform, and Army and Navy Club-houses; the London
Docks ; the Thames Tunnel ; the Winter Palace, St. Peters-
burgh ; the British Museum ; the York Minster ; the Royal
Exchange; the Nelson Column; and the New Houses of
Parliament.
When properly applied, it is the most perfect and eco-
nomical cement for Hydraulic Works known ; and when
used as a stucco it will resist the action of heat and frost
and preserve-walls from damp. As a Mortar for Brickwork
it surpasses any other material, and is nearly as cheap for
fucA work at Mortar made of ordinary Lime. Tabras, an
Hydraulic Lime for setting masonry where slow induration
is important so as to allow tor the settlement of work — a
cement of extraordinary tenacity and hydraulic properties,
and with which the most ancient works in Lancashire have
been executed. Ilamelin's Patent Mastic or Oil Cement,
which may be pounded immediately after use; Keene's
Cement, Portland Cement, Martin's Cement, &o. Genuine
Plaster of Paris, prepared from the purest Gypsum, and of any
desree of fineness required. Chimney-pots, Trusses, Paving
Tiles, &o. Manufactory— MiM. Waix, Poplar ; Dmott—
CoMMBRCiAii Road, uambeth, and Paodington Basin ;
CamlM^^oiue— No. 3, Nsw IiOMDON-sraEsr, Mabk-lane,
CRT. [1 311
OATUN'S AimiCJjr flMAN COLUCTieiV,
8, Watebuio-plaob, mtiom or RioaiiwriBaaT,
RE.X)PENEU, with new and intemtinc additlom
from tho Rocky Mountain*. 600 PalnUngs. Coa-
tume* and Weapons on flgurea.— Promenade Lectures by
Mr. Catlim, with War^ouin, War-wboops, Itc, at 8 la tM
day, aad taaU^put S la fiw nmlag, Admitbmuy U.-~
Cmldron, half-price,
Catliu's " \ate$ nf Trarel," and " PortfoUtqf Huntimff
Smims," for sale at his Rooms. [i 360
J. MEBBICK,
DIE AND SEAL ENGRAVER, STAMPER, lio.,
ISA, LONO AOBB.
Inventor cf the newityle <ff Emboued Addreu Cardi, [i 319
APISrON MEN TAHP, MiNERAi, Spa or Bath.—
The celebrated Hot Mineral Waters of Bath poeses* ail
the Curative properties of the most esteemed Spas of (}er-
many. 'llie Pump-Rooms and Baths are the most oompleto
and elegant in Kuroite. 'I'he City of Bath is one of the most
ancient and beautiful in England, and is now reaoIic<l ftrom
London in two and a half hours, and admirably suited as a
residence for the Invalid.
For Printed Prospectuses and Terms, address the Propria-
tors, Messrs. GREEN b SIMMS, Mimebal Spa, Bath. [i317
COUNT STOLBEBO WEBNIGEBODE,
PROPRIETOR or IRON WORKS,
ILSENBURG, PRUSSIA,
AND
MANUFACTUBEB OF IRON GASTINOSt
made with Charcoal fhm the Ores of hit own Minn, combining
tinutuai economy of price with iharpnem and
delicacy of exeevtion,
PRICES OF ARTICLES EXHIBITED. £, (,
A Gothic Vase in form of a Bttsln ...90
A Window Frame 3 15
A Garden Table, with extra top . . . .3 13
A Table, with marble top 3 0
Two Stoves • . each 6 13
A Stag's Head 3 3
Attention is also solicited to the several fine Castinga
exhibited, including two Deers' Heads, a Boar, a Fan,
Work-basket, Salamander, a Homed Beetle, and a Fruit-
basket [i 316
UTESSBS. BRAND ft SCHIEDIIATEB, acting
JU as Special Commissioners to the Great ExmnrnoN,
for the kingdom of Wurtcmberg, beg to inform tlus Public
that they, as well as tho Central Committee for Industry
and Trade at Stuttgard, are ready to give every information
as regards the produce of Wurtemberg ; and, referring to
the details given in this Catalogue, and calling the attention
of the Pttblio chiefly to the very moderate prices of Wur-
temberg manufactures, they beg to invite the Public to
address themselves to their office in this City, 6, Pinnrm^
Hall, Old BROAO-nREEr.
DIE HEBBEN BRAND ft SCHIEDMATBB,
Av bringen als Commissiire fSr das KSniereich WSrttem-
berg bei der grossen WELT-lNDUSTRiE-AusnTLLONO xn.
liifentlichen Kenntniss, dass auf ihren Bureau in 6 Pinners'
Hai.l, Old BROAn-sritEirr, Crrr, sowohi als dem Bureau der
Central-Stelle fiir Handel und Gcwcrbe in Stuttgart, lu
jeder Zcit die genauste Auskunft Uber die Froducte und
Fabrikate ihres Xandes zu holen ist, und indem sie bei die-
sem Aniass auf die biiligen Preise der Wurttembergischen
Eraeugnisse auftnerksam mochen, laden sie dss Pin)licum
ein sioh an sie unter obiger Adresse xu wenden.
lirESSIEUBS BBAND ft SCHIEDMATEB, agi>-
MUm gant comme Commissaires speciaux pres de I'ExPosi-
TiON Universeile ont I'honneur de prevenir le public que
tout renseignement en egard des prix, etc., des produits da
Wurttemberg peuvent etre obtenu, soit a leur Bureau, 6,
Pinners' Hall, Old Broad-street, CiTr, ou de la Com-
mission Industrielle Centrale a Stuttgart. - [i.%9
F2
68
OFFICIAL ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE ADVERTISEH.
[IMI.
T. DISSABD,
67, KING-8TBEET, GOLDBM-8QUABE, LONDON,
AaBMT or
LoDB Oddabd, Fiu, k BoiiOBiinoT, Whohiah Ocmfeethmn,
4S, Ku« del Lombarai, Puii.
TuKHN, Ut« Mahon, Ckoeolat* JianufaHurer,
38, Kue RicheUcu, P»rii.
Vnivi T. Mater, Sou Ban Pap«r$, {r«,, far ConfustUmtrt,
Manufaeturer,
99, Kue de U Vfeille MomuU), Pari*.
Maiu,! k SuoHD, Vitugaf DiMilhtori ami Mu$tard Mrmu-
facturert,
14, Rue St. Xndro-doi-Arcs, Paris.
Lavbbmt, Drtumg-CoMi and all himU of Fitnc^ Bitxe$
Manufaeturer,
5, Rue Chapoii, Paris.
DuvAb fc ClE., Lnmui Moderateur tan$ nmnget Manufacturer,
1, Boulevwd 8t. Doiiis, and 315, Uue St. Martin, Purii.
[I 307
FURNITURE, CARPETS, and BEDDING—
8m our Mw Boolt of EttinwtM, with Designs, wliieli
b« hod gratis uid post-ftM, showing the price of eoeh
!e, tlM eost of ftimlshing a separate room and • whole
may
artlcl , _ ,
Iwuse. Every wtiolo Is marked In plain flppires, eorre-
sponding with the Book of Friees, and dfsplayeain numerous
low Rooms, wamuited seasoned and well made. Firrv
Bbdsteaos, with Bedding and Curtains of dlArent designs,
fixed, ready fbr dellvety, consisting of Hahonny ftur-post,
Arabian, Parisian, Freneh, and Iron. Purohasen oon see
their Beds and Mattresses made on the premises. Spring
Mattresses on an Improved principle, and Iron Bedsteads, at
an immense reduction.
8. A. ARNOTT A Co.,
UpMtUrer* and Cabhut Manitfaetnnr$,
Cammian Hodsb, SbOAMB-snuaT, KmaHTsaaioan.
Counhy Orden earriofft free.
100 Marbh Wa»ktland$ alwa^t on time.
JVM«.— Cadooan Hodsi. EsUbiished at Finsbaqr In 1815.
Auctioneers, Valuers, Estate and House Agents. Appointed
Agents to the County Fire Office, li Provident Lift Oillce.[i » 1 3
P^ilTE@ilil@ill
MEAB
BELOBA.VE SQUABE, LONDON.
nPHE Proprietor invites the attention of tbe Visitors of the Grand Exhibition
to the above-named Establishment (which is within five minutes* walk of
Hyde Park), where may be seen the largest and best-assorted STOCK of
CAKRIAGES and HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE of every description on
sale in London. The materials and workmanship are of the best description.
The prices will be found in keeping with the times. Warranties are given with
new Carriages ; and all Household Furniture is sold under a guarantee of Twelve
Months. There are also departments for the Warehousing of Furniture, Books,
Plate, Paintings, Musical Instruments, and every description of Property, in iron
fire-proof rooms, to which parties may attach their own locks ; private bind for
warehousing Wines, which may also be locked by those who rent them ; rooms
for the sale of Paintings, Musical Instruments, &c. &c. ; and the Proprietor intends
setting apart a large portion of the South Building for the Exhibition and Sale
of Works of Art, &c., which the owners may fail to secure space for in the
Orand Exhibition.
January, 1851.
[•5
[itn.
itn.]
FURNITURE— KNIFE€LEANER
e»
Amy k NtTjr Clnb, St. JuMirii-iq,
Albion Tntm, Ald«n(«U-itra«t
AndMtoa'f Iloul, FI<«t-itfMt
Aoation MutT*v«rn,Tbnwln««dle-
Buba^ Oining-ima., F«n«hnnh-*t.
Ihnk Dtalng'fooiiii.Thnigmattoii-at.
BtthHotoifnciadUly.
IhkT Tt— TkT., St. Nwithin'i-UiM
BdthlelMin Hotplttl
Badibid Hotel, UoTont-nrdm
Botar't Chnp-hooM, OIA Broad'^t
Bla* FMi HoUl. Coik-M., Bond-it,
Bnlt't Hotel, Holboni
Bridso Houw Hot*!, London-bridge
Britfih Hotel, l^oekipur-ttnet
Braolu'i Ulnb, St. Jtmei'i-itieet
Braniwiek Hotel, BlaakwtU
Cktt de rEarope, Haymuket
Obitle uid PUoon, Aldensete-et.
aMlUTtTera,OnlldheU
Oithednl Hotel, St. I>ial'»«h.-yd.
OaMrinl'i Hotel, Qoldau-M|iuTe
Chaqaen Tavern, Ablngdon-etreet
ChrUtle'i Hotel. St. Jtmat'i-itreet
Chflit'i Hoeplt^, Newgate-ttraet
faty Anni Tn,, Pope'i Head-alley
Olty of London UIud, Bnad-atieet
Olaraiee Hotel, Aldenoate-itieet
Olaiendon Hotel, Bond-itroot
Clark'i DIning-ioomi, Chancery-la.
Clothworkera' Hall, Minctng-lane
Ooal Hole Tavern, Strand
Oobiugh Hotel, Charlet-itreet,
Grorrenor-Muare
Ooek TaTem, Pleet-itieet
Adelpht Hotel, Liverpool
Albeit Hotel, Olauow
Albion Hotel, Brighton
Albioo Hotel, Olaagow
Albton Hotel, Hutlngi
AlUon Hotel, Maneheitor
Bath Hotel, Leamington
Bedlbrd Hotel, Brighten
Bedford Hotel, Leamington
Bilton Hotel, Dublin
Buek'i Head Hotel, OUwgow
Bull Hotel, Cambridge
BaU Hotel, Praiton
Bnih Hotel, Carliile
Ottt de r Knrope, Maneheater
ObA Boyal, Edinburgh
Cattle Hotel, Kiehmond
OMtlt Hotel, Wiadior
Ohriife Hospital, Hertford
Olaianoe Hotel, Brighton
Clarence Hotel, Maneheiter
Clarendon Hotel, Leamington
Clifton Hotel, Qraveaend
Clinton Anna Hotel, Newark
Commenial Hotel, BelCut
Commercial Hotel, Yarmouth
down Hotel, Woteeeter
Dolphin Hotel, Southampton
Donglai Hotel, Edinburgh
LONDON BEFEBENCES.
Colonnade Hotel, Charlee-itriat,
St. Jame^i
Oommareial Travellen* Rahool
IT HEB MAnvrv't MTAIi Utmm PATMIT.
XENTS
KNIFE-CLEANnffO MACHIHX:
MAHOVA^rOMT,
829, Strand, oppont* Somerait-Hovm, London.
KENTS ti the only inrtntlon for Kni A-etMnlnf for whieh
Her M^eetjr'e I<etten Patent have been gianted. Mid U <U«-
tinet flim all otKeri fn every tumtial prmelfik, hctrtvtr efaedr
imltMtd im external appearanee.
"Shay are to be had of the Patentek, n iatm una,
from 41. \i$. to 14/. 14«.
TlH ■Bull «BM te nmlUM may b* iMd by • OhIM.
The Patentee baa been fkroured with approving Taatimonjr
ftom (with full permiMion of referenee to) a large number of
the Nobility, Gentry, and Clergy, the Heaile of Public Inatitu-
tloM, College!, and other Boholaatic Ettabllshmenta, with nu-
J meroua Private Famlliet in all parte of Enc^land, where hie
• Maehinea are in constant use ; as also in many parts of Ireland
and Scotland ; therefore Gentlemen wishing to be satlsfled of
the meritsof this In**-^ntlon, may be referred to parties in their
own neighbourhood, who have It In use, by application to the
__ Patentee; or it may be seen, and It* merits ascertained, in
^ almost every Hotel in the kingdom, and has now been in oon-
ttant nse upward* of 5 years in the following Establishment* :
Oiventry Houw Club, Piccadilly
Coulionli Hotel, Brook-ttreet
Cos'* Hotel, Jermyn-atreet
Cremome Oardena
Crown and Sceptre Tav., dreenwiah
Dr. BoUer'i lid. Tav., Colanuu-it.
Ileaffe DumbAiylum, Kent-road.
Doliy'a Cliop-houae, City
Drapen' Hall, Threadnerdle itrset
Drapen' Private Hotel, Saikvilie at
Euiton Hotel, Euaton-tquare
Eut India Club, St, Jamea'»eqnare
Edinburgh Caitle Tavern, Strand
Eleplumt and Caatle, Newington
Ellli'a Hotel, St. JameaVatreet
Ereotheum Club, St. Jamei'iiqaare
European Tavern, City
Ezohanga Dining-roomi, Change-
alley
Exchequer Hotel, Valace-yard
Iketer Hall Hotel, Htranu
Penton'a Hotel, St. Jamet'a^treet
Flihmongen' Hall, London-bridge
Foundling iloapital
Freemaaona' Tav., Qreat Queen-it,
George and Vulture, Qeorge yard
flerard'a Hall Tavern, Buing-lane
Giraud'a Hotel, Castle street
Golden Cross Ifotel, Charlni-cnMS
Gray'] Inn CoiTeehouse, Holbom
Green Dragon Hotel, Bishopsgate-
street
Oreaham Club, King WillUmat.
PROVINCIAL BE.
New In
Oraduun DIning-rs., Bneklenbary
Grilllon'a Hotelj Albemarle-atreet
Orasvenor Hotel, Parkaireet
Grovea's Hotel, Aibemarie-strect
Guildhall Hotel, Guildhall
Hanover Hotel, Hanover-square
Highbury Barn Tavern, Tlighhury
Home and Colonial School, Oray'e
Inn-roiid
Horns Tavrm, Kennington
Hotel de I'Europe, Leicester-square
Hotel de Frovenee, lieicester sq.
Honse of Commona (Af^MAaiest
AwortMeat)
Joe'aChop-honae, Finch-lane, City
John O'Oroate Tavern, Kupert-at,
JunlorUniled8erv,Clul), I'all-mall
King's Arms Hotel, FaUeo-yard
Lake's Dining-rooms, Cheapsida
Langbonme ColTee-liouse, City
Law Club, Clianeery lane
Leopard (JoHbe-house, Borough
London Tavern, Bishopsgate street
Lon<lon ColTee-houae, Ludgate-hili
Man-in-the-Moon. King'a-road,
Chelsea
Mansion House, City
Morley's Hotel. Tranlgar-square
Mercers' Hull, Ironmonger-lane
Mullins' Hotel, Ifonmongrr-lane
National Club, Palace-yard
Nell Qwynne 'I'avern, Htrand
New Hummums, Covent-garden
Old Hummums, Covent-garden
Oataoi I's Hotel, Adelphi
Ox' >! ind Camb. Club, Pall-mall
Elephant Hotel, Margate
Eton Collera
Fountoin Hotel, Portemonth
George Hotel, Nottingham
George Hotel, Portsmouth
Oemge Inn, Warwick
Great Northern Hotel, Lincoln
Georve Hotel, Cheltenham
Urevnound Hotel, Uichmond
Guildhall Hotel, Bristol
Harrison's Hotel, Brighton
Hydropathic Inst., Sudlirook-park
Imperial Hotel, Cheltenham
Imperial Hotel, Dublin
Jesus College, Oxfoid
Judo's Hole), Graiton-st., Dublin
Jury's Motel, Dublin
King's Arms Tavern, Richmond
King'a Head Hotel, Gloucester
King'a Head Hotel, Horsham
King's Head Inn, Epsom
King's Head Hotel, Marnte
Lansdowne Hotel, Leamington
London Hotel, Edinburgh
Marine Hotel, Hastings
Marlborough College, Marlborough
May Pole Inn, Nottingliam
Montague Tavern, Bristol
Morrison Hotel, Dublin
ENCES.
, Oraveaend
New Sttne Hotel, Brighton
Norfolk Hotel, Brighton
Old Ship Hotel, Brighton
Pavilion Hotel, Hrighten
Pavilion Hotel, Folkestone
Pier Hotel, Brighton
Plough Hotel, Ctieltenham
Queen's Hotel, Birmingham
Queen's Hotel, Alderly
Queen's Hotel, Manchester
(Juebec Hotel, Portemouth
Rampant Horse Inn, Norwich
Red t4on Hotel, Dorking
Red Lion Hotel, Portaea
ttegent Hotel, Leamington
Royal Albion Hotel, Ramsgate
Royal Hotel, Edinburgh
Royal George Hotel, Southampton
Royal George Hotel. Folkestone
Royal Hotel, Birmingham
Royal Hotel, Plymouth
Royal Hotel, Richmond
Royal Hotel, Slough
Royal Kent Hotel, Ryde, I. W.
Royal Oak Hotel, llastinga
Royal Pier Hotel, Rvde, I. W.
Royal Victoria Hotel, St. Leonard's
Ruyal Western Hotel, Bristol
Peacock Hotel, Islington
IVel's Coiree-hoiiae, Fleet-alreat
I'iaxsa Hotel, Covent-garden
Plough Tavern, Blackwall
Post-oinoe (^Ifife-houae, roat-oBce
Prince of Wairs Hotel, Leieester-pl.
Pultney Hotel, Albemarle-etreet
()ueen'a Hotel, Cork-at., Bond-at.
Queen'a Hotel, Post-office
liapp's Private Hotel, Uolden-aq.
Reform Club, Pkll-mall
Royal Hotel, Hlaekf^lar»,bridga
Itoyal Naval i^chaol, New<raaa
Hoy.Nav, Female School Uichmond
RusaeiraPtivaie Hotel, Albemarle-
afreet
Sablonljre Hotel, LelceatuMquars
Saddlers' Company Hall
Silter'a Motel, Vietorianrt., Holbem
Sceptre Colfee-niia]; Warwiek-it.
Sherwin'a Dining-ra., Ciement'a-la.
Sliip b Turtle Tav., I^eadenhall-at.
.iklnnera' ('ompany Hall
Somerset ColTee-houaa, Strand
Tavistock Hotel, Covent-garden
Taylor'a Dining-ra., Moorxatest.
Tom's ColTee-house, Comhill
Tiavelien' Club, Pall-null
Union Hotel, Cockapur-street
United Univrrslty (;inb, Pkli-maUJ
Virginia Tav'.'m, Comhill
Warman's Uiningrs,, Thamea-at.
Windham Club, St, James's-aqiiare
Wood'a Hotel, Fuinival'e-inn
Woolpaek Tavern, St. Peter'a«lley
Yacht Tavern, Greenwich
Royal York Ilotil, Brighton
Saracen'a Head Hotel, Linaola
Scarburauih Hotel, Leeda
Ship Holel, Dover
Spread Eagle Hotel, Oloucealer
Star and (iarter Hotel, Portsmouth
Stor and Garter Hotel, Richmuud
Sur and Garter Howl, Worcester
Thistle Tavern, Gla«;(OW
Three Swans Hotel, Salisbury
Trafalgar Hotel, Greenwich
Trinity College, Cambridge
University Hotel, Cambridge
Victoria Hotel, Hull
Waterloo Hotel, Edinburgh
Waterloo Holel, Liverpool
White Hart Hotel. Margate
White Hart Hotel, Newmarket
White Hart Hotel. Salisbury
White Hart Hotel, Windsor
Wiiiu Uun Hotel, Batk
White Lion Hotel, Brightan
White Lion Hotel, Bristol
Wolverton Slatinn reflreshment-ra.
Wovendon's Dining-rooms, Mau-
clieater
York House, Bath
York Stotion reTreshment-riwrns.
See. be. be.
(For Sectional Drawing* cfthe Machine tte Catalogue, Clou 22.)
[i286
70
OFFICIAL ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE ADVERTISER.
[lan
SONS,
FURNI8HINQ IRONMONGERS, STOVE AND RANGE MANUFACTURERS,
HOT-WATER ENGINEERS, AND GAS-FITTERS.
IMFROYED COOUNG APPARATUS.
Tlw Oiibtd RiMilliur Ranit, with mHatini flrreUy back. Hot
Hauth TltlM and Hntllng Stovaa. Iron Hot Cfonta, heated by ataam
ar hot water ftom the Range Holler. Bright Iron Aeam Tablea for
diahtnf np. SItam Rattlaa for meat, vagitablea, or llah. Oa* Cook-
iaf Htovaa.
BATHS, fto.
Hot and Cold Balba, fltled np In copper, tin, marble, alale. nr por-
caUin, and which najr ba auppllad with hot water (Vom the kitchen-
nnM oe fimm the aemnia* olnrea. ForuMa Warm Raiha, which may
bahnted at the brdtlda of an Invalid. Shower Batha. IIIpandLeg
BolM. Poitahla Vapour Batha.
STOVES AND ORATSa
The Patent Radiating Oralaa, with arerlay haeka,— • aaitaln enra '
for a amokv chimney. Piawlng ro^m Oratea, from original daaigna,
with enrlchmenta In poroflaln, polUhed ateel, and armolu. Noli'i
Patrnt KtoTca, which aher 1 6 yaaia' trial are allowed lo be the beat for
churohea,«luipela, aehoola. Sic.
WARMING BT HOT WATER.
Ofcenhonaea, Ilallii, Dryiiig Olnaela. fee,, efertaally wanned frnm
the Urea In the eerninla' oflleaa or from aapamte bolleta, Ilaating
Apparatua on the Polmalae afalem.
N.B. — PUm* and E&timatt* fwmithtd in (own or eoimtry.
(£be rihutrated Catalogue, Clan XXIT., No. 98.) [i SS^
THE BEST TEETH.— EDW. MILES, Surgeon-
Dtntiit, l."), Literpool-ttTcet, Bulmptgate, Loiulon. —
SETS OF TEETH vutv PAn n advahce. Fixed withnut
pain. Uoun, 9 till 4.
I ADVAHCE.
(ExhU>Uor,m\, Class 10.)
[i34l
RAMSGATE.— ROYAL ALBION HOTEL,
Hbrrtweather & JoRDisoN, ProDrietora.— Families
Had Gentlemen ▼Islting the sea-side will find this Hotel
nplete with every comiort ; viands and wines of the best
qoallty. The Hotel is close to the Royal Harbour and
Pier, and commands an extensive sea^view. — lUunsgato is
the nearest and best route to the Continent. Steamboats
run to and from Ostend daily. [i 146
ABERAMAN MERTHYR STEAM COAL,
Cardiff.— By the Third and last Report by Sir Henry
de la Beche and Dr. Flayfair to the British Government,
this Coal is the best ever tested— nVfe the Report. Prac-
tically, the actual number of pounds of Water converted
into Steam by 1 lb. of Coal is 10- 99 lbs., and averages 10- 75.
Guaranteed against spontaneous combustion. References
and Information given, and orders executed, by Geo. Insole
k Son, Colliery Praprieton, Cardiff. [t 239
NDREW ROSS, 2, FealherstaneBuUdings, Agent.
BLEEDING INSTRUMENTS as substitutes for
leeohei, and Cupping Instruments adapted to apply to any
part of the body, invented by Baron HEURTEt^up.
Cutting instrument with four small pumps, with
ends of various forms, complete in case . . 21, 2$.
Extra large pump, in case 0 15*.
Thie invention it perfectly new, and iipatmted.
(Class 10, No. 666.) [i 343
HUXHAMS and brown. Iron Fmmden, Exk-
ter, DEVoNsniRE. — Grates ; Kitchen-Stoves, with open
or close Fires, with latest Registered Improvements ; Iron
Castings, &o. [i 331
TO THE TRADE.— R. & M. H. ALLEN, Mer-
cantile and Manufacturing Stationers, Letterpress
and Copperplate Printers, Engravers, Lithographers, Book-
binders, Machine Rulers, and Wholesale Booksellers, Long-
row, NoTTiNanAM. Proprietors of the "Model Time
Tables," " The Great Midland Advertiser," " Poor Rich-
ard's Almanac," &o. tec. [i 331
PIANOFORTE MANUFACTORY, 108, Wardour
Srerf.— RALPH ALLISON, Manufacturer of Piano-
fortes with the Check Repetition Action, begs to call the
attention of the musical public to his varied stock of Instru-
ments with the above action, which for elegance of design,
power and volume of tone, with smoothness and elasticity of
touch, are surpassed by none in the trade. Instruments
prepared expressly for exportation. Pianofortes of all
kinds for hire, and when purchased six months' hire
allowed. [i 339
W. B. LLOYD,
7, NEWHALL STREET, BIRMINGHAM,
GENERAL COMMISSION MERCHANT for
tlie purchase and sale of Metals, Oris, and Forbion
and Colonial Produce, &c.
Orders for manufactured goods prepared for shipping.
Neapolitan and Sicilian Vice-Consulate. [■ 34a
I«l.]
MISCELLANEOUS.
It
ALLEN'S GREAT MIDLAND ADVERTISER
ANB ILL0ffniAT£D NATrONAL ALUAKAC ton
1858. Fourth iMue | Kuarantsod olrouUtlon, 10,000. Will b«
rtady ftnr d«llv«rjr on (>o'->bor lit, IH'>I. AdvertlMinonti
noMfod iMiMI Boplmibor ^th by the I nndon ARant, W. J.
CbARM, jii«., 10, Mie^otl•«qlMfP, Alilorsgato^treot j or by
tho Proarittom, ■. ft If . R. Allrm, Ix>iigi«w, Nottlnfc
tmUfirtibppoil. liasa
ALLEN'S MODEL TIMR-TA»LES and RAIL-
WAY GUIDES, OiM Ponny smH.- I. London, with
all the Railways and a correct Map. S. The Midland
Dwnnm and a Map of lh« Kailwayi . - The eheapeet, moit
portable, and matt uiefUl Ouldoi pnbliKbod. — l.ondon,
VmaRR*, llolywotl-itreet ; ^iunur, Patornoitor-row ;
BiimM, QuetiMtreet, Cheapfldo; jAaaoi.n, Ht. Paul'*
Churohyard ( and K. ft M. M. Allbn, Nottingham. [i 3!i8
/• IkaprtM, tit be ihiwtlf fmbli$Std,
THE STANDARD
F8ALM-TUNE BOOK.
Mmle folio. M. U. to Submrlber$.
Containing upwards of 680 Tunm, cnmprliing the whole of
the Enomsii and Bvotcii Psaltgh Music, a large selection
ttom the Qkxrvah and Obrman Clioralbuchs and Psalturs,
and numerous valuable additions fVom rare snd scarce
works In private oolleotlons. ami the public libraries of
I»ndon, Edinburgh, and Uxrord. The whole Is arranged
with tho oiimiNAi. HARMONV, (. «. whoM) assiduous and
careful research could discover It, and an Accompaniment
fSar the Organ. An Historical Preface and Notes will be
p(«fl(ed, and the Muslo fUthfully given from the orioinai.
RDiTio.xH, which have been dlligontiv examined by the
Editor, llENnr E. Dibdin, Orj/aiiul, Trinity Cliapol, Edin-
burgh.
London: D'Almainr and Makinlay, 20, Soho-sqiiare,
where Subscribers' names arc received ; also in Kilinburgh,
at the principal Muslo-shops. Glasgow; J. Muir Wood
ft Cfo., and t>. BitvoE ft Co., BuchanonHitreet. [i <134
PIAN0F()RTE8.-J. MANKTELOW & Co.,
Manuflteturers of best description of Pianofortes, for
sale or hire, at 433, OxroRi>-sTHRirr, and 12, Hiintlgv-
■TRBRT, BEDrono^qiiARB.— Ptanofo/'tef exvrutlyfof expoita-
tkm. [1.336
OIL-COLOUR PICTURE PRINTING, Invented
by Oeoroe Baxter, the Pa/«t«e«.— LICENCES will
b« granted to worit the Process in Great Britain, France,
Belgium, <(C. <co. For particulars opply at the Patentee's
Offices, II & 12. NoKTiiAMFTON-sguAitE, London.— The Pro-
cess will be fully explained to Licensees. [i 324
HUXIIAMS AND BROWN, Engineers, Exkteb,
Devonshire. — ^Tanners' Bark-mills for hand or power,
—those worked by hand grinding 10 cwt. per day by two
men; Tanners' Presses and Implements; Mill-work; trench
Burr &iiil-stoncs ; Flour-mills ; Wcighing-mnohincs ; Wolgli-
bridges ; Ships' Purchases. Pumps, ami Ship-work, and
Cabooses ; Steam-engines, water-wheels, &c. [i 320
COMPANY
or YH8
FAFEIUMILLS DU MARAIS ET DE
SAINTE HABIE.
ED. DOUMERC, Director, PARIS,
PAPER8 for Printin§r, Lithography, Copperplate,
Drawing, Shading, Writing, and Account-books.
Pasteboards for Jacquard's Looms and for Boxes of various
descriptions.
Filigreed Papers for Bank-notes and Shares of Companies
(these are not exhibited, for the security of tho Banks and
Companies).
This Manufactory supplies the Bank-notes of France,
Greece, Hayti, Turin, Genoa, &c. &c. [i 326
O ] URM & Co., 6§, G»AoicvuiiOH-aTS»T, Lor*
O DON.- COMUIMION MKRCHAMTB, FOKWAHD'
lHo AND OKNRKAL AOEMTi.— Haritlna laaanuMM
•fliMtad. Advanoca upu« lonslgMmints. — Agmits fcr
Meaort. B. and E. Prrribb, Chftfc>iis.«ur-ManM. [i SM
URC11ASE8 AT TIIK EXIIIUITION.—
MassRS. LIGHTLY ft UMON, of 118, VmonuMv
STRRBT, London, Agents to the Governasmta tt ViUiio%
Spain, and Sarhinia fbr tha reeeutlon of Artlolsa aant tnm
those eouatrlcs to the Great Kxhibltlon, bag to Inform par*
sons desirous of making purchases that tba Kahlbltora may
b« communicated with through them, [i SW
PURCHASES at tho EXIIIDITION.-Metirt.
Hbmrv Cassih ft Co., of No. 9, Obo BBOAiv>sTRBaT»
London, Emt fitdiu Affnttt, referring to their Advartisa-
ment \npaaa 03 <ff Iht lit Part of the QJflaM Ilhutrattd
Catahigtie, beg to inform persons desirous of making pur*
ohasesof any of the Artloli's in the Great Exhibition, that
the British and Foreign Exiiibitors may be communleatad
with through thum to secure the Articles, in conformity
with the restrictions laid down by her Mijesty't Comml»>
sioners. [i 335
BURFORD'S
PANORAMA BOTAI,
LEICESTER SQUARE.
NOW OPEN, in tho Ltrgo Rotunda, the Views of
the astoumUng FALLS OF NIAGARA and of tha end*
nentiv Interesting CITY OF JERUSALEM. Admisaloii,
is. — in order to meet tha present unprecedented season— to
the two Views. The Views of the LAKES OF KIL-
LARNEY and of LUCERNE are also now open. Ad-
mission, It. to each Circle, or 2<, 6</. to the Three Circles.—
Open from 10 till dusk. Mr. Burford's is the oldest esta>
blishmont of the kind in London, having been founded la
1786 ; and he, being desirous of producing two works in one
circle, worthy of llie present great period, has on this oo>
eosion illvide<i the Large Rotunda, so as to present at th*
same lime the Views of the Falls of Niagara and of Jeru-
salem—the two most grand aud majestic in the world, and
rei)uiring suuh space as the vast extent and appliancea of
his Panorama can alone supi'ly, with such effect and fidelity,
and on a scale of such sutncient magnitude, as to do them
justice; the Fells of Niagara being the most wonderful and
magnificent of Nature's works— and the City of Jerusalem,
beautiful in its ruins, and eminently interesting to every
Christian as the scene of most of the principal events in tha
Life of our Blessed Saviour, of his liumiliation, aud of hla
death. [i 370
INDIA. MALTA, EGYPT, IONIAN ISLES.—
X' llor Britannic Mnjcxty's P AC K KTS, possessing every
requisite accommodation lor pnssciigers, keep up a regular
coinmunicntion between England niid India, via iVIarsclllea,
Malta, und Egypt. Leave Marsicillcs for Malta !)th and 2Atn
of the month, Malta fur Maiseillcs about the 12th and 24dl,
peifcrming the passage In about 68 hours. Leave Malta for
Alexandria I3th, and Alexandria for Malta about the 31st,
the passage^ performed in about '.lO hours; the pocket for
England via Marseilles, and the Peninsular and Oriental
Compniiy's steamer for Southampton, wait her arrivaL
Leave >falto for Ionian Isles 2nd and l.'ith, returning on the
12th and 2.'>th with passengers for England, via Marseillea
or (jibraltar. Freight on specie — one per cent, on silver,
■(ths on gold or jewels.
Every information may be obtained of A. and W. Ga-
woNANi, Paris ; T. AVoooiiEv^atrns ; Jean Bouvbt, 4, Rue
de la Paix, Marseilles ; Mr. Davidson, Alexandria; BoM-
nAY Times OrricK, Bombay ; Mr. Lagan, Singapore ; G.
Muir, 247, Strada licalo, Malta, Superintending and Book-
ing Agent to Her Britannic Majesty's Packets in the Medi-
terranean.
N.B.— Passengers leaving England by the Company's
steamer from Southampton on the 29th are conveyed on to
Alexandria by her Majesty's packet leaving Malta on the
13th. Mr. Muin, the agent, will be on board to transship
their luggage, and give them any information. There is no
expense attending it. London Referees, Atessrs. G. W.
Wiir^VTLEv & Co., 156, Leadcnhall-strcct ; ond Mr. G. W.
UE BEnNAKDV, 2U, John-street, Adulphi. [i 337
ta
OFFICIAL ILLUSTRATED OATALOOUE ADVERTISER.
[
1«1.
THl 0A8TL1 MONA HOTBL,
DOUOLAI, mJI or mam CArwir» a Dmml nmtdmm).
Om. M nwii hM tiM howmr to telbni lh« NoMUtv, Omliy,
Mid Publto mMnlly, tlM thia ■Mfniflarat and trulT tUgMt
•4Mm (origliMll* Imllt by the toto DmIm of Atlwl ftir hU
•mi priTato rwldMMa, at aa aipaMii of 40flOOI.) kaa baan,
AutHi tha wintar aMmtha, raHBodallad and nawljr flttad un,
aoaa to eany out tha viawa of tha |>io|Hriator to aaka 1( fa
•vafjr laapaal daaanrinf of tha astonahra and Itbaral pation-
aga it baa hilhano baan teround with, for whiek ha Uga to
latan hia aineara and gratolUI thankt.
It la noar aeknowladMd to atand unriTallad for baautjr of
altuattoa, comfort, ilrla, and alaganaa, baing altuato on tha
■Murgia of tha baauUftil and pieluraaqua Bay of Doo^m^
anrrouadad by aitanalva plaaaura-grouuda, iaatcAilly laid
•at, and abounding with tha eholeaat planto, llowera, and
ahruba, eommunlraUng with tha wooda and plantotloBa by
aholteiad, romaatia. and aaeludad walka, aararal aUlaa la
•ataat, and alaTatad levaral hundrad foat abora tha laral of
tha aaa. Tha Caatte Mona eoaalata of a prlvata Hotel, with
anltaa of alagant and rleh1y>iUralahad apartnaata, a tebla
tf h6ta, aplancUd and eapaoloua dinlng-raom and magnlflrant
aaloon, eoAwroon^ blHlardHNXHa, hatha of avcry dcaorlp-
tion, and chMa to tha hotal avary aeeommodation for aaa-
batMi^t, whleh la aaknowladgad to ba tha flnaat in tha world,
aad BMy ba ai^oTad any hour of tha da/<— Tha enUuary
daiwrtmant la nndar tha anparintandanaaora grand M«^and
tha baat ambtmu dt tuiiin* that could be engagad. Tha
winaa ara raehareb^ and aalaet«d tnm tha flnt honaaa and
Boat anprared branda.— In tha atoble dapartmcnt will ba
found noiaea and v«hiel«a of avary deaoripUon, with lock-up
aoaehhouaea and aztaniira livery.
Tha Proprietor reapaetfoily aollcita partlaa going on plea-
aara aacuntona to giva to (!!aatle Mona a trial, aad flattara
hlmaalf they will And eTery comfort and luxury combined,
with a moderate aeala of chargea, Including attendance of
•rery kind.
Board at the toble d'hdtc, 3Sf. per week ; in private, 43f. ;
bad«ooma according to alae and altuation, from It. to 18«. :
aittlng-rooma fkom 3*. to 6«. per day. Bervanta' board and
lodging, ai«. per week. Attendance, li. 6</. per day ; 7(.jier
w«ek each. Port and aherry, 4t. ; claret, 4*., &«., and fi, ;
ahampagne, It. ; Madeira, S«. [i aS9
MORISON'S ~
7E0ETABIE UHIVEBSAL
DepSt, 344, STRAND.
rE Partnership of MORISON, MOAT,
& Co., of the " British Colleob of Health,"
having expired on the 26th of March last,
MR. MOAT
manufactures the above-named Medicines (" Moribom's
Piixs") from the Recipes of the late " Jaraos Morison,
the Hygoist."
Mr. Moat is duly qualified, and has devoted many
years to the study of Medicine ; by the employ of a
matured judgment in the selection of drugs, and atten-
tion to the thorough combination and uniformity of
mixture, he ensures certainty of effect with the least
possible unpleasantry. He offers the Pills, thus made
by himself, as a perfectly safe and efficient purgative,
and recommends them to be taken in those cases of
illness where the services of an immediate Medical
Adviser are not felt to be requisite.
Sold, with directions, in the usual priced boxes, by
all Medicine Venders. Foreign Hoiwes dealt with in
the most advantageous manner. [i 276
OLlMfllU) 8TAB0H.
TIU/aifHararayait^l%wifaw«wlteaidbalr<a/ya<
OLENFIKLD
PA1INT MI1II.UF0ID NWIII VtkMXM,
mkkk,fcir Dommtkmm, mm ikmdi mmiTALUO.
** Royal Laandnr, RtahaMBd. b«h La«<i«,
•M&thMay.iaM.
- Mf. WallMnpoon, 40^ DaaloMtfwt, Obiaew.— Tka OlaaMI
PklMl Powilar tunh Iim mw bna aMd Ibr «aa« UaM In thai da-
CrtaiMit of tha Ray*l Ltaarirr « haf* all Ika laaM noai aia taWNd
liar " ' . . - . -
Priaca AlbMi. aad ilia Riiy*l FaaiUr, aad I have
I plaaiiua la laltorailnB yaa that It ha* Ann iha MfhaM mlWhai
OMk (Uflaad) » M. WRRjh,
" UaMlNM to H« Matartj."
iaa alao Taatlmonlsla fhnn laundraaaaa of tha Countaaa of
BgUnlon, Marchtonaaa of Braadalbfn*, and Conalaaa •€
Dartmouth.
Hold Wholeaala, In I^ondon, by Maaara. Pantin li Turner ;
Hooper Brothera ; Batty li Co. ; CYoft li Innocent : '**'7*
Wood, li Co. I Twelveti«ea Brothera; Chariaa C. B. Wfl-
llama j Yatea, Walton, It Co. j Mr. Bnalllng; and R. Wak^-
fleld, SS, Crown-atraet ; and Katoll by all IhopkaapaM.
AgwiUi HHnKflrf— apply to Mr. R. WorauMrooM, 4(L
JhrnlopttrtH, aUugom. [i SIS
PATENT RICE STARCH, manufketured undflr tiM
PATENT of WM. TH08. BBROER, granted 18S0.—
Maaara. Bamuci. Baaoaa li Co. beg to draw atteatio* to the
above article, aa being very auperlor In all the aaaantlal r^
qnlaltea, via. Purity, Strength, Cotou.-. and Traaqaraney,
aad being perfectly aoluble without boiling.
Worka, BnoMLcr-aT-Bow, London. [i 105
ClMB 18, S*. Ve, KxklM«l*a« niy«« Pwk.
CHAS. HACINTOSH ft Co.>
axNBBAii NANurACTtnuuu or
INDIA RUBBER,
IN BLOCKS, SHEETS, FABRICS, &o. £o.,
AMD •
PAfaMTBai ANo MANDPAcroaBBa or
VULCANIZED INDIA BUBBER
IN ALL ITS APPLICATIONS.
73, ALDERMANBURY, LONDON; and
CAMBRIDaB-aTRKBT, MANCinWTER. [l 338
CLASS XXII.— PATENT GUTTA PERCHA
8KATES.~Theie Bkatea posaeia the advantagea of
lightnesa, cheapneia, luperior excellence of material, im-
poved anape and oonB(ructlon, great atrength and anra-
blUty, combined with novelty and ricbneaa of appearance.
Manufactured only by the Inventor, F. THOMP8()N, Waar-
riELD Terrace, SiiErFiEi.D. London Agent*— the Gutta
Percha Co., 18, AVharf-road, City-road. [i 330
CLASS XVI.— EVERETT & CO., 61, Fkttxb.
LANB.-CAUTION. The very high celebrity which
EVERETT'S BLACKING ha» attained haa induced ao
many dishonest persons to send out spurious imitotiona of
it, that Everett & Co. are compelled to request particular
attention to their address, 51, Fetteu-lane, London, and
their signature, which is on every genuine bottle. " Everett'a
Blacking." "Polish for Dross Boots," and "Waterproof
Varnish," may be inspected in i>«ction XVI. of theCantral
Avenue of the Esliibition. ' [i339
HEA
in iK
Fu
They
Contt
1
INl.]
HOTEL^MANUPACTURES-PURNITURE.
78
NEW SHOW-ROOMS
FOR BEDSTEADS.
HEAL k SON h»ve erected some extetwive V W-/ooma for the purpose of keeping » General
AMortraent of every descriptioo of DEDtrrEAD, oompriaing
IBOM BEDSTEADS,
both for Servants' uae, and those Hanimomelt Japaknedi
BRASS BEDSTEADS,
JAPANNED FRENCH BEDSTEADS,
POLISHED BIRCH BEDSTEADS,
AMD
MAHOOANT BEDSTEADS,
in all the Tarieties of FRENCH, ARABIAN, and FOUR-POST, of the Newest and
Best Designs. And they have added to their Stock a General Assortment of
Fwnitiire Chintzes, Damasks, and Dimities,
fat Bed Furnitures, s^o as to render their Establishment complete for the fttmishing of
BEDSTEADS AND BEDDING.
They also beg most respectfully to call attention to the particulars and illustration, in the
Catalogue, of the
SUPERB EIDER-DOWN QUILT
EXHIBITED BY THEM.
I'L
HEM MB §®M'§ OST W BEIDBra©,
Containing Full Particulars of WEIGHTS, SIZES, and PRICES of every description of
Bedding, sent free by Post, on application to their Factory,
lee («£rssii:i), Tottenham court road, London.
[i81
74
OFFICIAL ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE ADVERTISER. [i86l.
BENNETTS WATCH KANUFAOTORY, 65, OHEAPSIDE.
WATGIES FOB AU lATIOIS.
J. BENNETT, 65, ChMpside.
Clock and Instmment Maker to the
Bojal Obeervatory, the
Boaid of Ordnance, the
Admiralty,andtotheQaeen,
respectftdly invites all who
value perfect Time-keepers
to inspect his stock of
Odd * CHlver Watches,
now tiie most complete
in London, with all the
recent improvements for
peifomumce, eUmate,
taste, and economy.
m:zm -^^fSp '^yaasiii
,".tij!.\j<
lOITBESPOQBTOllTmOIDE
J. BENNETT, 6S, Cheapside,
Horloger et Fabricant d'Institmients
d'Astronomie de rObservatoire Boqral,
da Copnit^ d'ArtUlerl^ de
I'Amirant^ et de sa Majeste
la Reine d'Ai^etene,al'hon
nenr dlnviter les justes ap-
preidatepis des bons dm-
nometres t^ eanminer ses
magaslns de montres d'Or
et d'Argent eonCBction-
mtes d'apfen lea perfec-
ttoBnements podemes a
I'^iKard de la pr^iolBion da
moavementjda dlimat, da
gSnt et de V^nomie.
XVIBT WATOH ZV THI IATUT
GOLD OASES AVD JEWELLED.
tnts
17 14 10
Bbrimtel wnutrattitB,
disl, 4 holM, JvnUad
Sltte,golddi«i«||
Bauwtt'i rapniorl
patnt Imr, jemilad
lADIV.
Harianteloniitmetioa, geUdial
Fttaiit Lmnv (flwmi)
Ditto (EngUah) 1 IgUv flnlahsd-..
For lUdioal Vn, D6«4 Sacoidi,
OKMNunivmi
tHMMMim MUNI,
Jt.
An WWT CABIFIIUiT ■■■^■Mf|>y
BILTEB OASES AMD JBWB|I.LB0.
gmiTliRH Ill's.
HoiiMaUl. ooutnutioii, ionnd
•Bd iWTiOMOW
Superior loTor (OonvnOlOJowdi
Branottfo hmtaa-malt Linn-
lADHV.
Korisoatal oflMliuctton, BMt sid
^Ut Maaonu^ ongnTMWM
Sassrior Ooam loTor
Agna aOmr OiaU, 10*. M. Mfra
Small londoor-inadoIiOTon
e«14...1Sfls. sa^rar-lSSs.
Bttsnrs Micr
MMIMiTtt,
Si. I.
T e 5
: ■<.':i, -
MANUFACIOBT AND SHOW ROOMS,
Recently enlarged, now comprise the Watch, Clock,
Plate, and Jewellery departments.
A Complete Assortment of QOLD ft SILVER WATCHES and
CLOCKS, Ornamental and Plain.
DIALS for HALLS, SHOPS, and 0FFICES.-£3. £4, & £5 each.
CHURCH, CATHEDRAL, and RAILWAT CLOCKS Made to Order.
ANEMOMETERS and METEOROLOGICAL INSTRUMENTS.
A Splendid Assortment of OOLD CHAINS of the most Elegant Patterns.
Large & Beautiful Stock of RINOS ft BROOCHES, set with Diamonds, Pearls, & othev Jewels.
OOLD, SILVER, ft PRECIOUS STONES, Bought and taken in Exchange.
ELr:;TRO plate in great variety, for hotels and families.
BENNETT'S CLOCK KANUFACTORT, 65, CHEAPSIDE.
[1 170
litelj WATCHES AND CLOCKS— SHEFFIELD MANUFACTURES.
75
JOHNSON, CAUMEU, & CO.,
CYCLOPS STEEL WORKS, SHEFFIELD;
JOHNSON, CAMMELL, ft Co., No. 6, BABGE-TABD, GITT, LONPONj
JOHNSON, CAMMELL, k Co., HAMBURG;
JOHNSON, CAMMELL, ft Co., No. 100, WILLIAM-STREET, NEW TORK;
RMpeotfiilly Mlio^t. MAMDrAcnnuiRa, MBBonAim, and Con sdiibiii nnerally, to inspect the vorioiu operations at their Worlu
ai itlioTe, and the extensive Assortment of Patterns at their London, Hambdboh, and Net Yokk Hovbss.
JOHNSON, CAMMELL, ft GO.
have availed themselves of every improvement, and of all the facilities of railway transit, enabling them, combined
with their Forqes, Tilts, and Roluho Muxs, to produce their renowned and universally approved
S T S S £;
VuMly, OiaMBtsd BUitar Q> and ofh«r Bar; DoaUft-raflned Cast Steel; Warranted DonUe Sheer 8ta«l; lapravad
prapand daatio Spring^ Steal, in plane, ooneaTe, iraUe eooMve, and patent ribbed Flatea or.Ban;
and every other deeeriftkm of Stsei Mttdfor Madtmery, Engineering, Locomotive, and Railway purpoeet.
JOHNSON, CAMMELL, ft CO.,
MAidiFACTUREBa and Mebchants, Importers of the most celebrated Brands of
Russian, i^iredlsli, and other Vorelipi Irons,
peeuUarlT adapted, from the purity of their ore, for STEEL PURPOSES, which are Carbonized, Converted, Melted, and
Beflued at their Furnaces at the CYCLOPS STEEL WORKS.
JOHNSON, CAMMELL, ft CO.,
MANUFACTURERS OF FILES,
on scientific and peculiar principles, producing their improved and celebrated quality, long known to the Engineering and
Railway world ;
INVENTOBS OF THE NOW I)NIVEBSAU.T ADOPTED
CnrTlllnear Tani^ed Files,
Registered No. 665 j
SOLE MANDFACTDRERS OF TBE
Continuous Tootli Concave and Convex Files,
for which the MEDAL of the ScomsH Socnrrr of Arts and Mandfactcres was awarded.
J., C, & Co. beg to observe, that in the Hardcnins and Tempering of FIIiES tbey liave adopted such decidedly
superior principles as to retain and fix in the Steel the greatest possible amount of Carbon, ascertained by eonsideraue
research and numerous experiments in chemical science, aided by those safe and invaluable guides, long practice and great
experience.
JOHNSON, CAMMELL, ft CO.,
MANUFACTURERS OF SPRINGS
for Locomotive Engines, Tenders, Railway Carrlaoes and Waooons ; viz. Bearing, Bufling, Spiral,
Patent Bow, Elliptic, Disc, and every description of Springs in use.
/• Mil department the Pn^ietort respectfully invite Consumers to visit their Jforis, and inspect the Machinery they have
erected for producing exactneu and uniformity,
MANrFACrURGRg OF
VICES, HAMMERS, SMITHS' AND SHIPBIIILDERS' TOOLS, RAILWAY COlIPLDiG SCREWS,
AND ALL USES IN STEEL AND IRON FOB RAILWAY WORKS.
IN THB SEVERAL DEPARTMENTS OF THEIR VARIOUS MANUFACTURES THE OTOIlOFB BTHBIj WOBKB VFAMD DNRIVALUO.
CoBPORATioM Maru-^iu " OAMSL," AMD " OYOIiOPS." [I S55
76
OfflClM m^USTRATED CATALOGUE ADVERTISER
[i9n.
CLASSIFIED COOTENTS OF THE ADVERTISER.
w^
AoMttBtant, Page 81.
Agenta and OomnuaBioii MeroluMtti,
10, 44, 63, 67, 68, 70, 71.
Agriovltanl Gheatiat, 69,
Afrioultural Implement Ifaken, 47,
M, S3, M.
Air Guns end Ouiea, 87, 89.
lit and Science, 93, 24, 25, 26, 82,
36, 65, 71.
Aijriimu, 10.
Beds and Bedding, 75,
Bellows and Portable Forge Hana-
xaotnrers, 44,
Billiaid.taUe, 80.
BlaoUng-maken, 58, 67, 72.
BotAbinden, 32, 33.
Boot and Sboe Makers, 39, 58.
n«wer8, 43.
Brick and Tile Makers, 52,
Bnuh-makera, 58.
Oabinet-makers, 40.
Garrem and Gfldeis, 34.
Cement Mnrafaoturer, 67.
Charities, Pablic, 10, 12.
Chemists, 58.
Chioorjr, 63.
Chronometer-maker, 34.
Cigar Merchants, 42.
Clothiers, Otttfltters, Tailon, 39,
Goadh-buflders, 40, 63.
Coal Merchants, 47, 55, 70.
Coins, 26.
Companies, Public, 11, 13.
CongreTe and other Match Maken, 52.
ConTeyances, Public, 9.
Creta Ltevis (Drawing Chalk), 34.
Curiosity Dealers, 30.
Cutlers, 36, 44.
Dentists, 37, 70,
Desiccating Company, 58.
Diamond Cement, 84.
Distillers, 42.
Education, 31.
EffluTia-IVap Gratings, 51.
Electric Telegraphs, 55.
Electro Platen, 44, 46.
Engineers, 46, 50, 55, 71.
EngniTers, 24, 26, 31, 67.
EshibitiomvSO, 87, 67, 71.
Fancy Goods, 57, 58, 66.
Felt-maker»L 53, 58.
Fishing TaoUe Maker, 37.
Florist, Aitifidal, 89.
179
5468 4
Founders, Iron, Bran, ftc., and Woik'
en in MetaL Pagn 45, 46, 47, 50,
61,52,55,59,67,70.
Fringe and Trimming Maker*, 88.
Furniture Maken and Dealers, 34, 37,
38, 40, 67, 89, 6^ 78,
Gas-fltters, 47, 54,
Gas-light, Portable, 54.
Glass, Chin*, «a4BaifheowaM, |>8, M,
Glass Paper, fto., Manufiusturer, 59.
Glue Manufiusturer*, 43, 63.
Goldsmiths, Sflyersmiths, Jewellen,
34, 36, 88, S7, 66,
Governesses' Institution, IS.
Gravy Dish, 46.
Gun-maken, 87, 89.
Hatten, 39.
Hops, 62.
Horticulture, 88.
Hospitals, 10.
Hotels, 60, 67, 70, 72.
House Agent, 67.
Ice and Befrigerators, 43.
India-rubber &Gutta Percha Vorken,
37, 45, 72.
Ink-makers, 32, 34.
Insurance Companies (Fire and I<ife),
1—9, 10, II.
Ironmongers, 1, 46, 47, 70.
Kilns, Patent, 59.
Knife-cleaner, 69.
Lamp-makers, 40.
Law, French, 31.
Literature, 14—27, 30, 32, 36, 42, 71.
Loan required, 10.
Machine and Instrument Maken, 43,
47, 50, 52, 54, 67,
Magasins de Konveaut^s, 64.
Manu&ctures of Birmingham and
Sheffield, 44, 46, 75.
Maps, 15, 66.
MarUe, 30.
Medicine Yenden, 62, 63, 66, 72.
Mercen, Linendrapers, Ho8iers,Haber-
dashen, &c., 38, 64,
Metallic Bedsteads, 51, 54.
Millinen, Lace-dealen, &c., 38, 89.
Music, 23, 29, 31, 71.
Musical Instruments, 28, 29, 32, 65,
70, 71.
NaturaliBt, 32.
Needlewomen, proposed Begistration
Office for, 56, 57,
News and Advertising Agent, 23.
Nurserymen, SH, 47.
LONDOK : W. OLOWSa AHD SoNs, Pbinteiu,
Duke Street, Stamford Street, BlackfUaxs, and 14, Charing Cross.
'Oirery Globe, Page 86.
Painters, Plumbers, Glaaien, fto., 34.
Paper Bos maker, 86.
Paper-hangen, 40,
Fkper-makei^S2, 71,
Parliament, Beports and Phxieedings
of, 16, 17.
Paftel, or Imitation Woad, 63.
Pencil-maken, 34.
PerAimers, 37, 58, 63.
Phautaamagoiia Lanterns, 24.
Pipe (Metal) Makers, 54.
Prayer-book Society, 11. «
Printen, 24, 26, 31, 65,
Printing Press Maken, $5.
Publioations, Periodical, 14, 22, 24, 26.
Purveyon, 37, 42, 43, 65, 58, 62, 63.
Bafor Strops, 36.
Religious l^nct Society, IS.
Sail-maker. 37,
School-date Manufitcturers, 'i.
Seedsmen, 47.
Shirt-makers, 38.
f ihonia, 66.
8u Ja-water, &c., Manu&ctnier, 42.
Spindle Manufuiturers, 53.
Starch-maken, 72.
Statitmen, 24, 34.
Steam-paiJtets, 9, 55, 71,
Steel-worken, 44, 45.
Stoppings for Horses' Feet, 55.
Stove and Range makers, 46, 48, 49,
59, 70.
Surgical Instruments, 70.
Syphon Tap, 52.
Tent-maker, 37.
Theatricals, 29, 81.
Thread Manufacturers, 39, 40, 41.
Type-foimden, 30.
Undertaken, 11, 40,
Vapour Bath, 62. t
Wafers, Imitative Cameo, 36.
Watchmaken, M, 74.
Watering-places, 60, 61, 67, 72.
Wig-maken, 37.
Wine-merchants, 36, 42.
Wire Netting, 36.
Wood-carving Faototy, 58.
Woollen, Linen, &o., Manu&ctniers,
38, 39, 40, 59, 66.
Woollendrapen, 38, 68, 63,
Writing Desk and Dressing Case
Makws, 36, 66.
/JA
[l«»l.
[en, fto., 34.
Proceedings
1,63.
^24.
i.
4,22,24,26.
, 58, 62, 63.
IS.
»,'4.
ituier, 42.
It, 55.
I, 46, 48, 49,
),40,41.
36.
W, 72.
}.
uiu&ctnren,
a.
easing Cam
Live Music Archive
Librivox Free Audio
Metropolitan Museum
Cleveland Museum of Art
Internet Arcade
Console Living Room
Books to Borrow
Open Library
TV News
Understanding 9/11