Skip to main content

Full text of "Parochial and family history of the parish and borough of Bodmin, in the county of Cornwall"

See other formats 


■x 

J 

^' 

^^^^  ^ 

^^^^   -n 

^^^=    > 

7 
3 
7 

9 

^ > 

HI  .11  ITY 

11 

I  II  wlifS  l.ii 


mm 


ill 

.J 


BY. 


^  l;'--^, 


y  from 
;s. 
ning  a 

si};na- 
es  and 
mnenii 
Medal, 
r  case. 

book, 
to  the 


i  inrr»c    .WtrilrtJ: 


age  of 

inder 
|i  lias 
Mege, 


jrary 
'ging 
aders 
rd,  as 
racts, 
St  be 
)ecial 
«ork 

the 
ence 


s 
o 

cr 


a 
<5 

X 

a 

CO 

b 

O 


u 

cr 

X 

a 


Q 
O 

c 

uJ 


PAROCHIAL  AND  FAMILY  HISTORY 


PARISH  AND  BOROUGH  OF  BODMIN, 


IN   THE 


COUNTY  OF  CORNWALL. 


BY  JOHN  MACLEAN,  ESQ.,   F.S.A. 

MEMBER   OF   THE    ROYAL   AECH.«OLOGICAL   INSTITUTE   OF   GREAT   BRITArN    AND   IRELAND,  ETC. 


•'If  there  be  any  who  desire  to  be  strangers  in  their  own  eonutry,  foreigners 
in  their  owti  cities,  and  always  children  in  knowledge,  let  them  please  themselves, 
I  WTite  not  for  snch  hntnours," — Camden. 


LONDON:   NICHOLS  AND  80NS,  25,  PxVULlAiMENT  STREET; 
JOHN  CAMDEN  HOTTEN,  74  &  75,  PICCADILLY. 
BODMIN  :   LIDDELL  AND  SON. 


1870. 


O^^N 


THE  RIGHT  HONOURABLE 
THOMAS   JAMES   AGAR-ROBARTKS, 

BAEON  EOBARTES  OF  LANHYDROCK  AND  OF  TEURO, 

THIS 

HISTORY  OF  BODMIN, 

THE  COUNTY  TOWN  OF  CORNWALL, 

IN   WHICH    HE   IS   SO   WELL    KNOWN   AND   HIGHLY    ESTEEMED, 

IS, 

BY  PERMISSION, 

MOST  RESPECTFULLY  DEDICATED 

BY  THE  AUTHOR. 


NAMES  OF   SUBSCPJBERS  RECEIVED  TO   31  MARCH,  1870. 


For  the  ivhole  loork. 

HER  MAJESTY  THE  QUEEN,  WINDSOR  CASTLE. 

HIS  ROYAL  HIGHNESS  THE  PRINCE  OF  WALES  (2  Copies). 

Adams,  George  E.,  Esq.,  (Rouge  Dragon),  Heralds'  College. 

Alms,  Capt.  T.  F.  Hill,  Coomberry,  Bodmin. 

Andrew,  J.  M.,  Esq.,  81,  Queen's  Crescent,  HaverstocU  Hill. 

Andrew,  Richard  Hambly,  Esq.,  Tredinnick,  Cornwall. 

Antiquaries,  Society  of,  Somerset  House,  London. 

Archer,  Edward,  Esq.,  Trelaske,  Cornwall. 

Avery,  Mr.  Thomas,  Camelford. 

Bake,  S.  G.,  Esq.,  Army  Control  Dep-irtment. 

Bannister,  Rev.  John,  LL.D.,  St.  Day,  Scorrier,  Cornwall. 

Bateman,  J.,  Esq.,  Duchy  of  Cornwall  Office,  London  (2  Copies). 

Batten,  John,  Esq.,  F.S.A.,  Aldon,  Yeovil. 

Bewes,  Rev.  Thomas  Areher,  Beaumont,  Plymouth. 

Blackmore,  Edward,  Esq. ,  Greenock. 

Boase,  Rev.  Charles  W.,  33,  Surrey  Street,  Strand,  W.C. 

Boase,  George  Clement,  Esq.,  33,  Surrey  Street,  Strand,  W.C. 

Bolitho,  Thomas  S.  Esq.,  Chyandour,  Penzance. 

Bolitho,  T.  Bedford,  Esq.,  Treweddcn,  Penzance. 

Bolitho,  William,  Esq.,  Polwithan,  Penzance. 

Bond,  John,  Esq.,  3'J,  Queen  Ann  Street,  London. 

Borlase,  John,  Esq.,  Castle  Horneck,  Cornwall. 

Borlase,  W.  C,  Esq.,  Castle  Horneck,  Cornwall. 

Borla.se,  Rev.  William  2ennor,  St.  Ive's. 

Boyle,  Edmund  M.,  Esq.,  Rockwood,  Torquay. 

Branwell,  T.  Bront^,  Esq.,  War  Office. 

Bristol  Library. 

Browne,  W.  A.  Esq.,  LL.D.,  War  Office,  London. 

Brune,  Charles  G.  Prideaux,  Esq.  Prideau.K  Place,  Padstow. 

Bourne,  J.  Johnstone,  Esq.,  Westbourne  House,  Addiscombe. 

Butterfield,  William,  Esq.,  4,  Adam  Street,  Adelphi. 

Carew,  W.  H.  Pole,  Esq.,  Antony,  Cornwall  (2  Copies). 

Carkeet,  William,  Esq.,  3,  Park  Terrace,  South  Norwood. 

Carnsew,  Rev.  Thomas,  Fle.vbury,  Bude. 

Cartwright,  Rev.  Anson  W.  H.,  11,  Alderney  Road,  Mile  End. 

Carveth,  Richard,  Esq..  St.  Austell. 

Chester,  Col.  J.  L.,  lH,  Linden  Villas,  Blue  Anchor  Road,  Bermondsey. 

Chester,  T.  Ti.,  Esq.,  Park  House,  Kensington. 

Childs,  R.  W.,  Esq.,  9,  Melcombe  Place,  Dorset  Square. 

Clinton,  The  Right  Hon.  Lord,  14,  Chapel  Street,  Park  Lane. 

Cocks,  Lieut. -Colonel  C.  L.,  Treverbyn  Vean,  Cornwall. 

Colby,  Rev.  Frederic  T.,  F.S.A.,  E.\eter  College,  O.xford. 

Cole,  Rev.  H.  Hearle,  Harlyn  Lodge,  Cotham,  Bristol. 

Collins,  Rev.  C.  M.  Edward,  Trewardale,  Cornwall  (2  Copies). 

Collins,  Digby,  Esq.,  The  New  St.  James'  Club,  St.  James'  Street. 

Collios,  George  Browne,  Esq.,  St.  Columb. 

Collins,  John  Basset,  Esq.,  Bodmin  (2  Copies). 

Conmiins,  Thomas,  Esq.,  Bodmin. 

Conolly,  Capt.,  late  R.E.,  War  Office. 

Coode,  Kingdon,  &  Cotton,  Messrs.,  7,  Bedford  Row,  Ilolborn. 

Coote,    Henry  Charles,  Esq.,   F.S.A.,  11,  Wardrobe   Place,  Doctors' 

Commons. 
Cornish,  Rev.  R.  Kestell,  Landkey,  Barnstaple. 
Cornwall,  Royal  Institution  of,  Truro. 
Cottell,  W.  H.,  Esq.,  Manor  Rise,  BrLxton. 
Couch,  Thomas  Q.,  Esq..  Bodmin. 
Courtney,  Leonard  Henry,  Esq.,  Lincoln's  Inn. 
Courtney,  W.  Pricleau.\,  Ksci.,  Ecclesiastical  Commission  Office. 
Crabbo,  W.  R.,  Esq.,  E.ast  Wonford,  Heavitree,  Devon. 
Curgenven,  J.  B.,  Esq.,  11,  Craven  Ilill  Gardens,  Hydo  Park. 
Curzon,  Hon.  II.  Roper,  47,  Argyle  Road,  Kensington. 
Dagge,  Abel  Power,  Esq.,  Lisbon  (2  Copies). 
Dagge,  Richard  Power,  Esq.  (2  Copies.) 
Darby,  Lieut.- General,  22,  Royal  Crescent,  Clifton. 


Devon  and  Exeter  Institution,  E.xeter. 

Douglas,  John,  Esq.,  Oulton,  Leeds. 

Drake,  Dr.,  St.  Austell,  Cornwall. 

Edyvean,  Capt.  R.,  Windsor  House,  Bodmin. 

Edmands,  Charles  H.,  Esq.,  26,  Carey  Street,  W.C. 

Ellis,  C.  J.,  Esq.,  17,  Talbot  Road,  Holloway. 

Enys,  John  Samuel,  Esq.,  Enys,  Penryn. 

Exeter,  The  Right  Rev.  Lord  Bishop  of,  The  Palace,  Exeter. 

Exeter,  Right  Rev.  Lord  Bishop  of,  Bishopstow  (Phillpotts). 

Falmouth,  Right.  Hon.  Viscount,  Tregothnan,  Cornwall  (2  Copies). 

Fisher,  E.,  Esq.,  Oversale,  Ashby-de-la-Zouch. 

Fitz-Symon,  J.  G.  S.,  Esq.,  38,  Springtield  Road,  St.  John's  Wood. 

Fortescue,  The  Honourable  George  M.,  Boconnoc,  Cornwall  (2  Copies). 

Freer,  C.  F.  Esq.,  11,  Onslow  Square. 

Freeth,  George,  Esq.  Duporth,  Cornwall. 

Friend,  R.  R.,  Esq.,  Apsley  Villa,  Hammersmith. 

Garling,  Henry  B.,  Esq.,  37,  Queen's  Gardens,  Bayswater. 

Gamier,  J.  C,  Esq.,  Mount  Tavy,  Tavistock. 

Gatty,  Rev.  Alfred,  D.D.,  Ecclesfield,  Sheffield. 

Gatty,  Charles,  Esq.,  Fclbridge  Park,  Sussex. 

Gayer,  A.  E.,  Esq.,  10,  York  Terrace,  Tunbridge  Wells. 

Geach,  W.  E.,  Esq.,  Penellick,  Par  Station. 

Gilbert,  Hon.  Mrs.  Davies,  Trelissiek,  Cornwall. 

Gilbert,  J.  Pomeroy,  Esq.,  Tyndales  Park,  Bristol. 

Gill,  Rev.  William,  Venn,  Tavistock. 

Gill,  William,  Esq.,  Lincoln's  Inn. 

Glencross,  Rev.  Ernest,  Morval,  Cornwall. 

Gower,  The  Honourable  Edward  Frederick  Leveson,  M.P.,  14,  South 

Audley  Street. 
Grylls,  Lieut.-Colonel  S.  M.,  St.  Neot,  Cornwall. 
Hamley,  J.  0.,  Esq.,  Military  Store  Staff. 
Harding,  Lieut.-Colonel,  Upcott,  Barnstaple  (2  Copies). 

Harrison,  Geo.  H.  Rogers,  Esq.,  (Windsor  Herald),  Heralds'  College. 

Hawker,  W.  .S.,  Esq.,  Boscastle. 

Hellyer,  Miss,  Boscastle. 

Henwood,  W.  J.,  Esq.,  F.R.S.,  &c.,  3,  Clarence  Place,  Penz.ance. 

Hext,  Francis  John,  Esq.,  Tredethy,  Cornwall  (2  Copies). 

Hext,  Rev.  George,  St.  Veep,  Cornwall. 

Hichens,  John,  Esq.,  St.  Nicholas,  Bodmin. 

Hill,  Rev.  George,  St.  Winnow,  Cornwall 

Hingeston,  Rev.  F.  C,  Ringmore,  Ivy  Bridge. 

Holder,  Capt.  Cecil  J.,  Jetwells,  Camelford. 

Horndon,  D.  W.  J.  H.,  Esq.,  Pencreter,  Callington. 

Horwood,  Rev.  E.  Russell,  Maldon,  Essex. 

Howard,  J.  J.,  Esq.,  LL.D.,  F.S.A.,  Dartmouth  Row,  Blackheath. 

Hunt.  Robert,  Esq.,  F.R.S.,&c.,  Museum  of  Practical  Geology,  Jermyn 
Street. 

Impey,  William,  Esq.,  11,  Spring  Gardens. 

Jewill,  Mr.  W.  Paul,  Nancegollan,  Hclston. 

Kempthorne,  John,  Esq.,  Callington. 

Kempthorne,  Rev.,  Wellington  College,  Wokingham. 

Kempthorne,  Rev.  Richard,  Elton  Rectory,  Oundle. 

Kendall,  N.,  Esq.,  M.P.,  Pelyn,  Cornwall. 

Lakeraan,  J.,  Esij.,  6,  Clarendon  Plaice,  Plymouth. 

Laurence,  N.  II.  P.,  Esq.,  Launccston. 

Ley,  Mrs.  Edwin,  Leamington. 

Lindsay,  The  Lord,  Dunecht,  Aberdeen;  and  9,  Grosvenor  Square. 

Lind,say,  Hon.  Colin,  Brighton. 

Liverpool  Public  Library,  Liverpool. 

London  Library,  St.  James's  Stjuare. 

MacCarthy,  I).,  Esq.,  Bradwortliy,  Devon. 

Maclean,  B.,  Es(i.,  West  Taniaki,  Auckland  (2  Copies). 

Maclean,  Robert,  Esq.,  Bleak  House,  Auckland. 

Maclean,  T.  Every,  Escj.,  Buckley  Manor,  Auckland. 

Male,  N.,  jun.,  Esq.,  Camelford. 

Matlicr,  Capt.  J.,  14th  Hussars. 


Mathew,   George    Buckley,   Esq.,    H.M.     Minister    Plenipotentiarj', 

Brazil  (2  Copies). 
Jlolesworth,  Lady,  Penoarow,  Cornwall. 
Morshead,  E.  .L.Esq.,  War  Office  (2  Copies). 
Morshead,  Owen  H.,  Esq.,  War  Office. 

Morshead,  Sir  Warwick  C,  Bart.,  Forest  Lodge,  Binfteld,  Berks. 
Morshead,  Walter,  Esq.,  19,  Old  Square,  Lincoln's  Inn. 
Morshead,  William,  Esq.,  Lavethan,  Cornwall. 
Newman,  Mr.  James,  235,  High  Holborn. 

Nichols,  Francis,  Esq.,  F.S.A.,  Lawford  Hall,  Manningtree,  Essex. 
Norway,  Capt.  Nevil,  R.N.,  Lawn  Cliff,  Flushing. 
Noy,  William,  Esq.,  42,  Sutherl.ind  Square,  .S.E. 
Ouvry,  Frederic,  Esq.,  F.S.A.  (Treas.  S.  A.),  12,  Queen  Anne  Street, 

Cavendish  Square. 
Page,  Rev.  Vernon,  Wetherham,  Bodmin. 
Parkyn,  W.  H.,  Esq.,  Royal  Arsenal,  Woolwich. 
Pearce,  Miss,  Castle  Street,  Launceston. 
Pearce,  Mrs.  Fillis,  Tremedden,  Liskeard. 
Penzance  Library,  Penzance. 
Perry,  Rev.  T.  W.,  20,  Clifton  Terrace,  Brighton. 
Pode,  J.  D.,  Esq.,  41,  Craven  Road,  Paddingdon,  W. 
Price,  W.  E.,  Esq.,  Torrington,  Devon. 
Pye,  Rev.  F.  W.,  Blisland,  Cornwall. 
Pye,  George,  Esq.,  Boconion,  Cornwall. 

Robartes,  The  Right  Hon.  The  Lord,  Lanhydroek,  Cornwall. 
Rodd,  Francis.  Esq.,  Trebartba  Hall,  Cornwall  (2  Copies). 
Rogers,  Reginald,  Esq.,  Carwinion,  Falmouth,  Cornwall. 
Romilly,  G.  T.,  Esq.,  9,  The  Terrace,  Upper  Clapton. 
Ross,  Charles  Campbell,  Esq.,  The  Bank,  Penzance. 
Rowe,  Sir  Joshua,  C.B.,  10,  Queen  Anne  Street,  Cavendish  Square. 
St.  Aubyn,  John,  Esq.,  M.P.,  Pendrcn,  Cornwall, 
St.  Aubyn,  J.  P.,  Esq.,  Lamb  Building.  Temple. 

St.  Aubyn,  W.  J.,  Esq.,  Lieut.  5th  Lancers,  Rectory,  Stoke,  Devonport. 
St.  Germans,  Right  Hon.  Earl  of.  Port  Eliot,  Cornwall. 
Sandys,  William,  Esq,,  F.S.A. ,  !(',  Torrington  Square. 
Sawle,  The  Lady  Graves,  Ashfield,  Devon. 
Scott,  Mr.  S.  N..  St.  Austell. 
Scott,  W.  B.,  Esq.,  Chudleigh,  Devon. 
Seton,  Miles  Charles,  Esq.,  Treskerby,  Cornwall. 
Shilson,  William,  Esq.,  Tremough,  Penryn. 
Shuttleworth,  Rev.  E.,  Egloshayle,  Cornwall. 
Simcoe,  Rev.  H.  A.,  Penheale,  Cornwall. 
,  Sincock,  William,  Esq.,  Land  Mortgage  Bank,  Melbourne. 
Smirke,  Edw.,  Esq.  (Vice,  warden  ot'the  Stannaries),  Id,  ThurloeSq.S.W. 
Smith.  Rev.  William  Hart,  St.  Minver,  Cornwall. 
Spry,  Richard,  Esq.,  0.\ford  and  Cambridge  Club. 
Spry,  Sir  Samuel  Thomas,  Place,  Cornwall  (2  Copies). 
Stokes,  H.  S.,  Esq.,  Bodmin. 

Tatum,  Henry,  Esq.,  C.B.,  Army  Control  Department,  War  Office. 
Taunton,  Rev.  Frederick,  Welton  Rectory,  Lincolnshire. 
Thompson,  Ralph,  Esq.,  War  Office. 
Thome,  Rev.  Joseph,  Bishop  Nympton,  Devon. 
Thorn,  William,  Esq.,  M.D.,  87,  Harrow  Road,  London. 
Tickell,  John,  Esq.,  Egloshayle,  Cornwall. 

Tite,  Sir  William,  M.P.,  F.R.S.,  F.S.A.,  &c.,  42,  Lowndes  Square. 
Trclawny,  Sir  J.  Salusbury,  Bart.,  M.P.,  Trelawne,  Cornwall. 
Tremayne,  H.  H.,  Esq.,  Exmouth,  Devon. 
Tremayne,  John,  Esq.,  Heligan,  Cornwall. 
Tucker,  Stephen,  Esq.,  3,  Berkeley  Square,  London. 
Twells,  Rev.  Henry,  Hammersmith. 
Vivian,  Right.  Hon.  Lord.  Glynn,  Cornwall. 
Vosper-Thomas,  S.,  Esq.,  Wimbome,  Dorset  (3  Copies). 
A'yi,yan,  Rev.  Vyell  F.,  Withiel,  Cornwall. 
Walker,  Thomas,  Esq.,  Grafton  House,  Hammersmith. 
Wallis,  Preston  J.,  Esq.,  Bodmin. 

Wemyss,  Lieut.-Col.  F.,  16,  Ladbroke  Grove,  Notting  Hill. 
Westlake,  John,  Esq.,  2,  New  Square,  Lincoln's  Inn. 
AVilli.ams,  Michael,  Esq.,  TreguUow,  Scorrier. 
Williams,  Sir  AVilliam,  Bart.,  TreguUow,  Scorrier,  Cornwall. 
Willyams,  H.,  Esq.,  Carnanton,  Cornwall. 

Woods,  Sir  Albert  W.,  (Garter  Principal  Kirg-at-Arms).  Heralds' Coll. 
Wyld,   James.    Esq.,    M  P.,    51,    Gloucester    Road,    Regent's    Park 

(2  Copies). 


For  the  Parish  of  Bodmin. 

Ainslie,  Miss,  G.,  7,  Oxford  Row,  Bath. 

Amcotts,  Mrs.  Cracroft,  41,  Eaton  Square. 

Blackmore,  Edward,  Esq.,  Greenock. 

Blackstone,  W.  S.,  Esq.,  Whixley  Hall,  York. 

Blight,  J.  F.,  Esq.,  F.S.A.,  Penzance. 

Bodman,  Benj.,  Esq.,  5,  Blomfield  Crescent,  Westboume  Terrace,  W. 

Bodmin  Institution,  Bodmin. 

Boger,  Deeble,  Esq.,  Wolsdon,  Devonport. 

Bullock,  John,  Esq  ,  10,  West  Cliff  Terrace,  Ramsgate  (5  Copies). 

Buscombe,  Mr.  W.  H.,  Fore  Street,  Bodmin. 

Carkeet,  John,  Esq.,  3,  St.  Andrew's  Place,  Plymouth. 

Carkeet  W  illiam,  Esq.,  3 .  Park  Terrace,  South  Norwood,  S.E.  (2  Copies). 

Carveth  Richard,  Esq.,  St.  Austell. 

Chillcott,  J.  G.  Esq.,  Truro. 

Clarke,  B.  M.,  Esq  ,  Provincial  Bank,  Swansea. 

Clarke,  Rev.  J.  Michell,  Christ  Church,  Forest  Hill,  S.E. 

Clarke,  Mr.  T.  Taunton,  Bodmin. 

Clarke,  W.  Michell,  Esq.,  2.  York  Buildings,  Clifton. 

Collins,  Rev.  C.  M.  Edward,  Trewardale,  Cornwall. 

Collins,  John  Richard,  Esq..  Bodmin. 

Collins,  The  Misses,  North  Parade,  Penzance. 

Collins,  William,  Esq.,  Lanke,  Cornwall. 

Crang,  John.  Esq.,  Mayor  of  Bodmin, 

Dickinson,  Rev.  J.  C,  Bodmin. 

Drake,  Dr.,  St.  Austell. 

Drake,  H.  H.,  Esq.,  St.  Austell. 

Fauiknor,  Lt.-Col.  J.  A.  Spry,  1,  Auckland  Place,  St.  Heller's,  Jersey. 

Fell,  James.  Esq.,  Chapel  Hays,  Dunmere,  Bodmin. 

Flamank,  John,  Esq.,  4,  Mount  Radford  Terrace,  Exeter. 

Fox,  Charles  James  Esq.,  27,  Mortimer  Street,  Cavendish  Square,  W. 

Gatty,  Rev.  R.  H.  Buckden,  Dundle,  Hants. 

Gayer,  A.  E.,  Esq.,  10,  York  Terrace,  Tunbridge  Wells. 

Gilbert,  H.  Pomeroy,  Esq.,  R.N.,  Havelock  Villa,  Paynton,  South  Devon. 

Glencross,  Rev.  James,  Helland,  Cornwall. 

Glynne,  Sir  Stephen,  Bart.,  Hawarden  Castle,  co.  Flint. 

Greene,  William,  Esq.,  Catisfield  House,  Fareham  (2  Copies). 

Hamley,  Col.  E.  B.,  B.A.,  c2,  Albany,  Loudon. 

Hamley,  Col.  F.,  50th  Regt. 

Hennah,  Joseph  E.,  Esq.,  5,  Chatham  Place.  Brighton. 

Hennah,  Thomas  H.,  Esq.,  Milton  House,  Brighton. 

Hennah,  William  E.,  Esq.,  Milton  House,  Brighton. 

Hext,  Rev.  George,  .St.  Veep,  Cornwall, 

Hodgson,  Mrs.,  Nash  Cottage.  Cheltenham. 

lago.  Rev.  AV..  Westheath,  Bodmin. 

Kempthome,  Dr.,  Bethlem  Royal  Hospital. 

King,  Mrs.,  Bodmin. 

Kyd,  Hayes,  Esq.,  AVadebridge. 

Little,  AVoollcorabe,  &  Venning,  Messrs.,  Devonport. 

Marshall,  H.  Flamank,  Esq.,  116,  Broad  Street,  Birmingham. 

Michell,  Rev.  W.  P.,  Carhampton,  Somereet. 

Moore,  Rev.  Charles,  Garlenick  House,  Grampound. 

Mounsteven,  Major-General  W.,  Ford,  Dartmouth. 

Mounsteven,  F.  Hender.  Esq.,  Royal  Marine  Light  Infantry. 

Monday,  George,  Esq.,  194,  Mare  Street,  Hackney,  N.E. 

Parkyn,  George,  Esq.,  late  Mayor  of  Bodmin. 

Peter,  John  Luke,  Esq.,  Trengweath.  Redruth. 

Pethybridge,  J.  S.  Esq.,  East  Cornwall  Bank,  Bodmin  (2  Copies). 

Piercy,  Frederic,  Esq.,  R.N.,  St.  Austell. 

Piggott,  John,  Junior,  Esq.,  F.S.A.,  The  Elms,  Ulting,  Maldon. 

Prynne,  Slajor  J.  Basset,  Royal  Marine  Light  Infantry. 

Pym,  Guy,  Esq.,  Junior  Carlton  Club. 

Pym,  Wollaston,  Esq.,  West  Brompton,  London. 

Rogers,  Mr.  Ralph,  Blisland. 

Sandoe,  Mr.  A.  C,  Royal  Hotel,  Bodmin. 

Satchwell,  T.  A.  G.  Esq.,  Army  Control  Department. 

Serjeant,  Charles,  Esq.,  St.  Benet's  Priory,  Bodmin. 

Shilson,  D.  Henry,  Esq.,  Trewhiddle,  St.  Austell. 

Taunton,  Rev.  Frederick,  Welton  Rectory,  Lincolnshire. 

Venning,  J.  J.  E.,  Esq.,  Devonport. 

West,  Charles  Augustus,  Esq.,  M.D.,  Bodmin. 


For  the  Parish  of  St.  Breward. 

Collins,  William,  Esq.,  Lank,  St.  Breward, 
Martin,  Rev.  George,  D.D.,  St.  Breward. 
Rogers,  Reginald,  Esq.,  Penrose,  Cornwall. 


For  the  Parish  of  Egloshayle. 
Rowe,  John,  Esq.,  Frognal  Lodge,  Hampstead. 

For  the  Parish  of  Endellion. 

Borlase,  John,  Esq.,  Castle  Honieck,  Penzance. 

Mathew,  George  Buckley,  Esq.,  C.B.,  H.M.  Minister  Plenipotentiary, 
Brazil  (5  Copies). 

For  the  Parish  of  Forahm-y. 

Kirkness,  Rev.  W.  J.,  Forabury  Rectory,  Boscastle. 
Hodgson,  Mrs.,  Nash  Cottage,  Cheltenham. 
Price,  W.  E.  Esq.,  Torrington,  Devon. 

For  the  Parish  of  Helland. 

Glencross,  Rev.  James,  Helland  Rectory,  Cornwall. 
Satehwell,  T.  A.  G.,  Esq.,  Army  Control  Department. 

For  the  Parish  of  St.  Kew. 

Archer,  Capt.  J.  H.  Lawrence,  Edinburgh. 

Harris,  Mr.  H.  V,,  Hochelaga,  Montreal,  Canada.*" 

.Mathew,  George  Buckley,  Escj.,  C.B.,  H.M.  Minister   Plenipotentiary, 

brazil  (15  Copies). 
Nicolls,  Major  Oliver,  (ith  Dcpflt  Battalion. 
Pomery,  Joseph,  Bodrean,  Cornwall. 
Toleher,  Mrs.  Henry,  Whiddon  House,  Newton  Abbot. 


For  the  Parishes  of  Lanteglos  and  Advent. 

Borlase,  John,  Esq.,  Marazion,  Cornwall. 
Hurden.Mr.  E.  J.,  Camelford. 
King,  W.  D.,  Esq.,  Camelford. 
Kinsman,  Rev.  R.  B.,  Tintagel,  Cornwall. 

For  the  Parish  of  St.  Mah/n. 

Digby,  Mrs.,  Bank,  Nelson  Street,  Bath. 
Gavid,  Arthur,  Esq.,  St.  Mabyn. 
Harry,  Mr.  Edmund,  St.  Mabyn. 
Hext,  Rev.  George,  St.  Veep,  Cornwall. 
Mounsteven,  Major-General,  Ford,  Dartmouth. 
Rowe,  John,  Esq.,  Frognal  Lodge,  Hampstead. 

For  the  Parish  of  Minster. 

King,  W.  D.,  Esq.,  Camelford. 

Kirkness,  Rev.  W.  J.,  Forabury  Rectory,  Boscastle. 

Price,  W.  E.,  Esq.,  Torrington,  Devon. 

For  the  Parish  of  St.  Teath. 
Dawson,  B.  S.,  Esq.,  Yagan,  Hereford. 

For  the  Parish  of  Tintatjcl. 

Chilcott,  J.  G.  Esq.,  Truro. 

James,  Colonel  Sir  Henry,  R.E.,  Ordnance  Map  Office,  Southampton. 

Kinsman,  Rev.  R.  B.,  Tintagel. 

Robinson,  Rev.  Charles  J.,  Norton  Canon,  Weobley. 

Price,  W.  E.,  Esq.,  Torrington,  Devon. 

For  the  Parish  of  St.  Tiidi/. 

CottoU,  W.  H.,  Esq.,  1,  Manor  Rise,  Brixton. 
Gavid,  Arthur,  Esq.,  St.  Mabyn. 
Nicolls,  Major  Oliver,  6th  Depot  Battalion. 
Onslow,  Sir  Henry,  Bart..  Hanger,  Cornwall. 


PREFACE. 


The  Author  of  the  "  History  of  the  Deanery  of  Trigjg  Minor  "  has  great  pleasure 
in  submitting  to  his  Subscribers  for  the  Parish  of  Bodmin  only,  this  History,  in  a 
separate  form,  of  that  ancient  Borough  and  Parish,  which  forms  Part  II.  of  the 
larger  work.  It  was  originally  thought  that  the  History  of  Bodmin  might  be 
comprised  within  100  pages  ;  but  the  great  antiquity  and  importance  of  the  town  ; 
the  various  changes  which,  in  the  course  of  centuries,  it  has  undergone  ;  the 
great  number  of  objects  of  interest  it  contains ;  and  the  many  ancient  families 
which  from  time  to  time  have  been  its  inhabitants,  several  of  which  are  now 
extinct  and  quite  forgotten ;  have  rendered  it  impossible  to  do  justice  to  the 
subject  within  that  space ;  and  the  work  has  consequently  extended,  notwith- 
standing every  effort  to  compress  the  matter,  to  250  pages.  It  would  have  been 
easier  to  have  written  a  work  of  double  the  size,  had  it  been  consistent  with  the 
scope  of  the  Author's  design,  but  he  believes  that  nothing  of  importance  has  been 
wholly  omitted,  though  he  could  have  wished,  had  he  received  adequate  support 
and  encouragement,  to  have  printed,  verbatim,  as  a  supplement,  the  ancient 
charters  granted  by  successive  sovereigns.  The  substance  of  them  is,  however, 
sriven  in  the  text. 

The  Author  apprehends  that  some  few  of  his  early  Subscribers  to  this  Part 
may  feel  that  the  cost  of  the  work  is  greater  than  they  were  led  to  expect.  He 
trusts,  however,  that  when  they  see  the  amount  of  matter,  and  the  number  and 
character  of  the  illustrations  which  it  contains,  they  will  be  far  from  dissatisfied 
with  the  cost.  The  Author  would,  however,  observe  that  he  does  not  seek  for 
himself  any  profit  or  remuneration.  He  simply  desires  to  be  re-couped  the  bare 
outlay  for  pajier,  printing,  &c.  The  present  number  of  Subscribers  will  not 
nearly  cover  this  expense,  and  the  Author's  loss  would  have  been  still  greater 
had  not  certain  gentlemen  interested  in  some  of  the  pedigrees  printed  in  this 
Part,  with  much  liberality,  voluntarily  offered  to  bear,  respectively,  the  cost  of 
printing  such  pedigrees. 

The  preparation  of  this  Part  has  been  a  work  of  great  and  anxious  labour. 
The  Author  has  conscientiously  endeavoured  to  ascertain  from  public  records, 
original  family  documents,  wills,  deeds,  &c.,  actual  historical  facts.  Very  little 
has  been  drawn  from  printed  books,  and  scarcely  anything  taken  upon  trust. 
The  Author  has,  in  all  cases,  endeavoured  to  verify  from  original  sources  the 
statements  of  others,  casting  aside  what  would  not  bear  the  test  of  such  invcsti- 

a 


U  PREFACE. 

gation.  He  has  souglit  to  ayoicl  every  tiling  approaching  flattery  of  persons  or 
families.  His  aim  has  been  to  state  the  honest  truth.  If  the  accounts  given  of 
some  families  be  shorter  than  those  given  of  others,  it  has  arisen  from  various 
circumstances  necessarily  incidental  to  such  an  undertaking. 

Whilst  thanking  his  friends  at  a  distance,  and  the  comparatively  few 
inhabitants  of  Bodmin  who  have  favoured  him  with  their  support  in  this  laborious 
undertaking,  he  begs  that  they  will  kindly  make  allowance  for  the  difficulties 
inseparable  from  such  a  work.  Xotwithstandiug  much  anxiety  and  care,  it  is 
impossible  that  a  book  like  this,  comprised  mainly  of  names  and  dates,  should 
be  free  from  errors,  and  the  Author  trusts  they  will  be  viewed  with  indulgence. 
Many  mistakes  have  been  corrected  in  the  Addenda  and  Corrigenda  sheet  at 
the  end,  but  the  Author  fears  many  still  remain  unnoticed.  He  will  be  glad 
to  have  them  pointed  out  to  him  for  correction  hereafter. 

The  Author  would  ill  requite  the  kindness  he  has  received  did  he  not 
acknowledge  the  obKgations  he  is  under  to  a  large  number  of  friends  for  more 
or  less  assistance  in  the  prosecution  of  his  researches.  As  the  number  is  too 
great  to  mention  each  separately,  it  might  be  deemed  invidious  to  name  any ; 
but  he  must  express  his  thanks,  particularly,  to  two  whose  skill  and  taste  have 
greatly  enhanced  the  attraction  of  the  book.  The  Heraldic  drawini^s  on  wood 
for  the  engraver  were  executed  by  G.  T.  Romilly,  Esq.,  and  those  for  the  other 
wood  engravings  by  the  Rev.  W.  lago  of  Bodmin. 

The  Author  wishes  also  to  express  his  thanks  to  the  Clergy,  generally,  for 
their  kindness  in  allowing  him  access  to  the  Registers  of  their  respective  parishes ; 
and  further  to  Lords  of  Manors  and  Landowners  for  permitting  him  to  refer  to 
their  Com't  Rolls  and  Deeds.  Among  the  latter  he  would  mention  the  Right 
Hon.  the  Earl  of  St.  Germans,  the  Hon.  George  M.  Fortescue,  Sii-  John  Salusbury 
Trelawny,  Bart.  M.P.  (who  has  personally  taken  much  trouble),  the  Trustees 
under  the  will  of  the  late  Sir  "William  Molesworth,  Bart.,  WUliam  Morshead  of 
Lavethan,  Esq.,  the  Rev.  C.  M.  Edward  Collins  of  Trewardale,  William  Collins  of 
Lanke,  Esq..  E.  J.  Hext  of  Tredethy,  Esq.,  the  Rev.  Dr.  Treffry  of  Place,  Fowey, 
R.  Hambly  Andrew  of  Tredinnick,  Esq.,  and  Mrs.  Hooper  of  Penhargard.  He 
would  also  thank  the  Mayor  and  Common  CouncU  of  the  respective  Boroughs  of 
Bodmin  and  Liskeard  for  giving  him  access  to  the  Municipal  Records  of  those 
Boroughs,  and  to  the  Town  Clerks  of  the  same,  Richard  Bray  and  J.  Jago,  Esquires, 
for  their  courteous  assistance.  J.  M. 

Pallingswick  Lodge,  Hammersmith, 
31st  March,  1870. 


HISTORY  OF  BODMIN.* 


The  parish  of  Bodmin  includes  the  borough,  and  is  bounded  on  the  nortli  by  the  parishes  of 
Egloshayle  and  Helland,  on  the  east  by  Cardinhani,  on  the  south  by  Lanhydroek,  and  on  the 
west  by  Withiel  and  St.  Breock.  The  river  Alan  enters  the  parish  at  the  Helland  boundary,  and 
runs  through  it  for  a  distance  of  two  miles. 

On  an  actual  survey  made  in  1840  for  the  purpose  of  the  commutation  of  the  tithes,  the 
parisii  was  found  to  contain  (),lltl  acres  2  roods  24  perches. 

The  only  outlying  hamlets  are  St.  Laurence  and  Nanstallan,  of  which  we  shall  speak  here- 
after. 

The  following  table  shows  the  number  of  inhabited  houses,  and  of  persons  enumerated  at  the 
several  dates  at  which  the  Census  has  been  taken,  within  the  present  century  :— 


1801 

1811 

1821 

1831t 

1841 

1851 

1861 

2,299 
325 

2,383 
315 

3,278 
523 

3,782 
041 

4,643 
804 

4,705 
793 

4,809 
864 

Inhabited  houses  

Increase  of  persons  

84 

895 

504 

861 

62 

104 

• 

•  Various  definitions  have  been  given  of  the  name  of  this  place,  but  none  of  them  are  very  satisfactory.  Lelanrt 
derives  it  from  Bosmanna  or  Bosmanach,  the  mansion  of  the  monlts;  and,  Whitalcer  adds,  the  name  is  found  actually  so 
written  in  the  cliarters.  We  have  seen  many  ancient  charters  relating  to  this  place,  but  not  one  in  which  the  name 
apjicars  as  linsminina  or  Bosmanach.  Tonkin  professes  to  have  no  difficulty,  and  very  confidently  says  tliat  the  name  is 
Hodman — "  hode  "  and  "  man  " — the  preacher  '•  man."  In  meditcval  records  the  name  is  sometimes  written  in  this  manner. 
Dr.  Bannister,  in  his  new  Glossary  of  Comish  Names,  follows  Leland  and  calls  it  the  monk's  house  (manach)  and  Rodman 
(maen)  the  stone  house.  In  a  note  he  suggests  several  other  meanings.  Is  not  the  name,  however,  ratlier  derived  from 
Bod-mynydd,  the  divcUing  in  tJte  hiUs  or  under  the  hill?  which  exactly  fits  its  situation. 

t  SUMMARY. 

The  parish  beyond  tlic  borough    78  houses.  407  persons. 

The  borough  beyond  tlie  town  35       „  179       „ 

Theton-n  528       „  ;i,22(;       „ 

Total 641       „  3,812       ,, 

Deduct  soldiers 30       „ 

Returned  to  Government    3,782       „ 

N.B.  Forty-two  houses  uninhabited.     Sec  Budmiii  Register,  pp.  50  and  51. 

B 


2  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 

It  will  be  observed  tliat  a  great  increase  in  the  population  ocemTed  between  the  years  1811 
and  1841.  During  this  period  a  flourishing  trade  was  can-ied  on  in  the  town  in  shoemaking, 
which  has  of  late  years  dwindled  away,  and  has  now,  for  some  time,  almost  ceased  to  exist  as  a 
staple :  no  other  branch  of  industry  has  arisen  to  take  its  place.  This  may,  in  some  measure, 
account  for  the  fact  that  since  1841  the  popidation  has  been  almost  stationary. 

The  town  consists  chiefly  of  one  street,  about  a  mile  in  lengtli,  running  east  and  west,  wliich 
becomes  somewhat  straggling  at  the  western  end,  whilst  the  eastern,  especially,  lies  in  a  low 
valley,  having  a  high  hill  ou  its  southern  side.  Several  pleasant  villa  residences  have  been  erected 
in  the  suburbs  within  the  last  half  century :  ex/.  St.  Petrock's,  the  residence  of  Mrs.  AVallis,  St. 
Nicholas,  the  residence  of  John  Hichens,  Esq.,  Berryfield,  the  residence  of  3L-s.  Edyvean,  and 
others. 

From  the  character  of  its  situation  Carew  considered  the  town  to  be  very  unhealthy  ;  *  but 
his  description  would  seem  to  have  been  greatly  exaggerated.  Tlie  place  is  not,  we  believe,  more 
insalubrious  than  other  Corni.sh  towns.  It  is  true  that  in  the  year  1351  it  suftered  very  severely 
from  the  plague  which  raged  with  fearful  %-iolence  throughout  Europe  and  most  parts  of  the 
world.  At  this  time  1,500  jiersons  died  in  Bodmin,  which  shows  that  it  must  at  that  early  date 
have  been  more  populous  than  it  has  ever  since  been,  and  it  is  probable  that  from  that  time  it  ha.s 
never  attained  the  importance  wliich  it  previously  held  in  the  county. 

Great  mortality  also  occm-red  in  the  yeai's  1563,  1575,  1581,  and  1590,  particularly  in  tlie 
autumnal  months  of  those  several  years.      More  especially  in  the  year  1575  f  did  the  pestilence 
rage  in  Bodmin,  as  is  testified  by  the  parish  registers.     In  the  four-  months  ending  31st  October 
in  that  yeai-,|  no  fewer  than  354  persons  were  interred,  raismg  the  total  number  of  burials  in  the" 
year  to  424,  being  more  than  four  times  the  usual  average. 

Great  improvements  in  drainage  and  other  sanitary  arrangements  have  taken  place  since  those 
dates,  and  dm-ing  the  prevalence  of  cholera  of  late  years,  fewer  deaths  were  registered  from  that 
fatal  epidemic  in  proportion  to  the  population  than  in  most  other  towns.  Of  922  persons  buried 
between  1813  and  1830  the  ages  of  twelve  exceeded  ninety  years,  and  of  3,812  hving  in  the 
borouch  on  30th  May  1831,  the  date  of  the  Census,  tlie  ages  of  twelve  ranged  betvveen  eightA'-five 
and  ninety- four.  § 

The  surface  of  the  parish,  generally,  is  undulating,  like  the  surroiuiding  neighbourhood.  The 
Beacon  hill  on  the  south  side  of  the  town  rises  to  an  elevation  of  763  feet  above  the  level  of  the 
sea,  and  is  about  515  feet  above  the  level  of  the  church  stile — Castle  Canyke,  or  Kerniek,  is  5  feet 
higher.  II  The  soil,  which  generally  is  unprolific,  rests  upon  a  substratum  of  argilaceous  schistose 
slate,  in  which  Mr.  C.  W.  Peach  discovered  encriniles ;  f  but  in  some  parts,  especially  near  the 
town,  is  foimd  some  rich  meadow  land,  producing  an  abundance  of  gi-ass.     More  than  one-half  of 

*  Carew's  Survey  of  Cornwall,  123. 

t  The  plagne  in  this  year  was  very  dreadful  in  Paris  and  in  England.     In  England  57,374  persons  were  swept  off. 

X  The  registers  being  ante-tlated  one  year  the  entries  will  appear  therein  under  the  year  157G. 

§  Bodmin  Register,  p.  62. 

il  Bodmin  Reg.  338. 

1  Report  of  British  Assoc.  1841. 


GENERAL  REMARKS.  d 

the  whole  area,  however,  consists  of  arable  land,  aud  there  is  a  considerable  extent  of  common 
and  coppice-woods.  The  stone,  if  quarried  to  a  sufficient  depth,  divides  into  large  slabs  traversed 
by  parallel  joints,  and  with  little  labour  is  well  suited  for  building  purposes,  though  some  of  it  is 
so  soft,  that  it  quickly  disintegrates. 

From  the  summit  of  the  Beacon  hill,  a  favorite  resort  in  fine  weather,  an  extensive  panoramic 
view  may  be  had.  Mr.  Wallis  says  that  the  circumference  of  twenty-eight  parishes  may  be  easily 
traced.  On  tliis  hill  was  erected  in  the  years  1856  and  1857  an  obelisk  in  memory  of  the  late 
Lieut. -General  Sir  Walter  Raleigh  Gilbert,  an  eminent  native  of  this  town,  who  was  created  a 
Baronet  in  1849  for  distinguished  services  in  India.  From  its  elevated  position  it  is  a  prominent 
object  from  many  parts  of  the  county. 

Although  Bodmin  was  a  town  of  great  importance  at  an  early  date,  and  continued  so  for 
several  centuries,  it  would  seem  to  have  been  at  all  times  (except  for  a  few  years)  defective  in 
roads  of  approach.  There  is  an  old  proverb,  "  Out  of  the  world  and  in  to  Bodmin."  During 
the  Roman  period  it  would  seem  to  ha\e  been  cut  off  from  the  great  highways.  Dr.  Borlase  tells 
us  that  that  energetic  people  had  two  great  roads  into  Cornwall.  One  entered  the  county  by 
Saltash,  and  passed  by  Lostwithiel,*  St.  Austel,  and  Gramponnd,t  to  Truro.  The  other  road  he 
conjectm'es  entered  the  county  at  Stratton,  passed  by  Bude  Haven  to  Camelford,  but  fiirther  he 
does  not  trace  it,  saying  it  is  sufficient  to  show  that  the  Romans  had  a  way  in  the  north  of  Corn- 
wall. He  mentions,  it  is  true,  part  of  a  stone  causeway  leading  from  Bodmin  to  Lostwithiel,  tlu^ 
remains  of  which  existed  about  midway  between  the  two  towns,  and  which  tradition  ascribed  to 
the  Romans.  This  he  supposes  might  have  been  a  road  intended  to  connect  the  rivers  of  Alan 
and  Fowey ;  and  thus  the  two  seas.f  Lysons,  however,  conjectures  this  to  have  been  ratlier  a 
ramjiart  on  the  frontier  of  the  Cornubii  against  their  invaders  the  Damnonii,  completing  the  forti- 
fication from  the  sea  to  the  river  Alan,  and  defended  by  three  undoubted  British  posts  at  Pencar- 
row.  Castle  Canyke,  and  Castledor.§ 

However  this  may  have  been,  until  the  middle  of  the  last  century  the  whole  county  of  Corn- 
wall, and  Bodmin  in  particular,  was  very  tlefoctive  in  roads.  After  the  construction  of  the 
Bodmin  and  Launceston  turnpike  in  1769  ||  it  became  the  chief  highway  through  the  county,  su 
that  a  great  part  of  the  traffic  passed  through  Bodmin.  In  1716,  when  the  summer  assizes  were 
first  removed  from  Launceston  to  Bodmin,  the  magistrates  were  called  upon  to  issue  warrants 

*  The  Roman  Uzella,  according  to  Ptolemy.  Camden  remarks  that  it  has  not  (juitc  last  its  name,  being  called  at 
this  (lay  Lestuthiell,  from  its  situation.  For  it  was  upon  a  high  hill,  where  is  Lestormin,  an  ancient  castle,  though  since 
it  is  removed  into  the  valley.     Uchel,  in  British,  signifies  high  and  lolly.     Camden,  Brit.  i.  18. 

t  According  to  I'tolemy,  the  Voluha  of  the  ancients.   111. 

J  Borlase's  Antiquities,  pp.  304-307.  §  Lysons,  ccxxviii. 

II  In  this  year  an  Act  of  Parliament  was  obtained  for  repairing  and  widening  several  roads  leading  to  and  through 
the  borough  of  Bodmin,  which,  it  is  stated,  are  "  ruinous  in  many  places,  narrow,  and  incommodious,  and  caniKjt  be 
snfiicicntly  amended,  widened,  and  kept  in  repair  Ijy  the  ordinary  course  of  law."  A  body  of  trustees  was  appointed  for 
twenty-one  years,  and  power  was  given  them  to  erect  turnpike  gates.  In  178(i  (2li  (ieo.  111.)  this  Act  was  amended,  anil 
the  trust  was  continued  for  a  further  period  of  twenty-one  years.  At  the  expiration  of  this  period,  in  1811,  a  further  Act 
was  obtained  to  continue  the  trust  for  a  further  period  of  twenty-one  years,  which  was  again  amended  in  1829  (111 
Geo.  IV.),  183.S  (3  Will.  IV.),  and  1835  (C  Will.  IV.) 


4  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 

"  to  level  the  roads  and  ways  from  Lanson  to  Bodmin  {rid  Camelford),  and  to  have  the  trees  and 
hedges  cut  fit  for  the  travelling  with  coaches,  &c."  Li  1836,  two  coaches  from  London  ran  daily 
through  the  town.* 

Upon  the  consti-uction  of  the  Cornwall  Kailway  in  1859,  Bodmin  became  again,  in  some 
measm'e,  isolated,  as  the  railway  passes  at  more  than  three  miles  and  a  half  from  the  town ;  but 
an  Act  has  now  been  obtained  for  making  a  branch  line  from  the  Cornwall  Bailway  to  Bodmin.-j- 

In  179G  (37  Geo.  III.)  an  Act  of  Parliament  was  obtained  for  making  and  maintaining  a 
na\'igable  canal  from  Guinea  Port,  in  the  parish  of  St.  Breock,  to  Dunmere  Bridge,  in  the  parish 
of  Bodmin,  and  also  a  collateral  cut  to  Cotton  Wood  near  Ruthen  Bi'idge.  Sir  William  Moles- 
worth  was  the  principal  promoter.  It  was  a  part  of  the  project  to  continue  the  canal  to  Lostwithiel, 
but  it  being  found  impracticable  to  do  so  without  a  tunnel,  which  it  was  thought  would  have  too 
much  increased  the  expenses,  the  execution  of  the  work  was  delayed  and  finally  abandoned.  Mr. 
Rennie,  afterwards  so  eminent,  was  the  engineer. 

In  1832,1  however,  an  Act  was  obtained  for  constructing  a  line  of  railway  from  AVade- 
bridge  to  Wenford  Bridge  in  St.  Breward,  with  a  branch  line  to  Bodmin,  the  whole  14^  miles  in 
length.  This  line  was  executed  under  the  direction  of  Mr.  Roger  Hopkins,  C.E.  and  was  opened 
for  traffic  in  1834,  being  one  of  the  first  railways  made  in  England  to  be  worked  with  locomotive 
engines.  It  was  in  1845  conveyed  by  the  original  shareholders  to  the  South- Western  Railway 
Company,  and  is  intended,  it  is  understood,  to  form  part  of  a  large  railway  scheme  contemplated 
by  that  Company. 

Several  buildings  of  a  public  nature  have  been  erected  at  Bodmin  within  the  last  century. 

In  1756  a  large  workhouse  was  erected  at  the  expense  of  Sir  William  Irby,  Bart.§  then  one 
of  the  representatives  in  Pai'liament  for  the  borough,  on  land  granted  by  the  coi-poration,  being  a 
portion  of  the  lands  of  the  "  Grey  Friars."  After  the  passing  of  the  Act  4th  and  5th  Will.  IV. 
cap.  76,  creating  Poor  Law  Unions,  this  house  was  insufficient,  and  a  new  union  workliou.se  was 
erected  on  the  north-west  side  of  the  town. 

The  old  church  of  the  Grey  Friars,  which  for  manj^  years  had  been  used  for  holding  the 
summer  assizes,  being  found  very  inconvenient  for  the  purpose,  in  1837,  uj)on  the  removal  to 
Bodmin  of  the  spring  assizes,  it  was  determined  to  build  a  new  assize  hall.  The  old  church  was 
therefore  pulled  down,  and  a  new  building  of  ashlar  granite  was  erected  on  the  site,  and  also  a 
large  house  near  it  for  the  accommodation  of  the  judges.     This  house  is  called  the  Mayoralty. 

COUNTY  LUNATIC  ASYLUM. 

This  institution  was  propo.sed  in  1812,  and  a  site  near  the  prison  fixed  upon  for  its  erection. 
A  large  subscription  was  raised.||  It  was  not  until  1815,  however,  that  any  definite  progress  was 
made.     On  the  17th  and  18th  October  in  that  year  meetings  of  the  subscribers  were  held,  and  it 

*  Bodmin  Reg.  pp.  Sy-336. 

t  27  and  28  Vict.  cap.  170  (1864),  Extension  Act,  28  and  29  Vict.  cap.  5.S  (1865),  Further  Powers,  30  and  31  Vict. 
cap.  119  (18(17). 

t  2  Will.  IV.  Koyal  Assent  23  May  1832;  araendoil  liy  Act  5  Will.  IV.  Royal  Assent,  30  July,  1835. 

§  Created  Baron  Boston,  of  Boston,  co.  Lincoln.  17G1.  d.  1775.  1|  Lysons,  Corr.  Add.  MS.  9420,  133. 


COUNTY  LUNATIC  ASYLUM.  5 

•was  resolved  to  request  the  co-operation  of  tlie  county  upon  the  basis  that  four-elevenths  of  the 
amount  required  should  be  provided  by  subscriptions,  on  condition  that  the  county  should  contri- 
bute the  remaining  seven-elevenths.  This  proposal  was  accepted,  and  in  October  in  the  following 
year  a  contract  was  entered  into  wuth  Messrs.  Gribble  and  Hellyer  for  the  erection  of  the  part 
known  as  "the  Radiating  Building,"  for  the  accommodation  ot  100  patients,  at  a  cost  of  16,019/. 
lis.  dd.,  of  which  10,194/.  7s.  Id.  was  paid  from  the  county  rates,  and  5,825/.  7s.  2d.  from 
voluntary  subscriptions.     The  architect  was  Mr.  Foulstone  of  Plymouth. 

The  mayor  and  burgesses  of  Bodmin  granted  as  a  site  nine  acres  of  waste  land  just  without 
the  town  on  the  western  side,  on  one  part  of  which  the  gibbet  used  for  executions  stood. 

The  accommodation  being  found  insufficient,  in  1842  an  addition  was  made  to  the  building 
by  the  erection  of  the  "High  Building,''  at  a  cost  of  .3,757/.,  of  which  2,000/.  was  paid  by  the 
county,  and  the  remainder  raised  by  voluntary  contributions. 

In  1847  still  further  accommodation  was  found  to  be  required,  and  an  addition  was  made 
of  the  "  New  Building,"  for  the  accommodation  of  jjauper  men.  This  building  was  erected  in 
1847-8  under  the  direction  of  Mr.  George  Wightwick  of  Plymouth,  architect,  (as  had  been  the 
"  High  Building  "),  at  a  co.st  of  G,000/.,  and,  inasmuch  as  no  private  or  subscription  patients  were 
to  be  accommodated  therein,  the  whole  of  the  cost  was  paid  from  the  county  funds. 

In  1867  a  further  enlargement  took  place  by  the  erection  of  the  "  Carew  Building,"  so  called 
after  William  Henry  Pole-Carew  of  Antony,  Esq.  Chairman  of  tlie  A.sylum  Committee.  The 
county  paid  the  cost  of  the  erection  of  this  building  on  condition  that  private  patients  should  be 
withdrawn  from  the  wards  of  the  "  High  Building,"  which  was  thenceforward  to  be  appropriated 
to  the  use  of  paupers  only.  The  architects  of  this  building  were  Messrs.  Norman  and  Hine 
of  Plymouth,  and  the  cost  was  6,662/. 

By  this  latter  arrangement,  the  private  and  the  pauper  patients  are  entirely  separated.  Eacli 
establishment  is  perfectly  distinct,  having  its  own  grounds  and  offices. 

Purchases  of  land  have  been  made  from  time  to  time  for  these  improvements. 

A  chapel  was  also  built  between  the  years  1859  and  1861  for  the  use  of  the  inhabitants  of 
the  asylum.  At  present  it  consists  of  an  apsidal  chancel,  south  transept,  and  south  aisle.  The 
latter  is  of  three  bays.  The  jn-esent  building  is  designed  for  the  accommodation  of  170  wor- 
shippers, but  it  is  now  being  enlarged  by  the  extension  of  the  nave  and  south  aisle  towards  the 
west,  and  the  erection  of  a  vestry,  whereby  250  persons  will  be  accommodated,  being  about  one- 
half  of  the  popidation  of  the  a.sylum.  The  estimated  cost  of  this  enlargement  is  400/.,  which  has 
been  raised  by  subscriptions.  The  county  was  not  called  upon  to  defray  any  portion  of  the  cost 
of  the  original  building,  which  amounted  to  1,115/. ;  281/.  of  which  was  raised  by  subscription, 
and  the  remainder  from  the  balance  standing  in  the  private  patients'  account. 

Heretofore  the  asylum  has  been  inconvenienced  at  times  by  an  insufficient  su])ply  of  water. 
An  Act  of  Parliament  has,  however,  recently  been  obtained  *  for  enabling  the  asylum  to  construct 
its  own  watei'works,  and  excellent  water  is  now  convoyed    by  pipes  from   Penquite  which   is 

*  18  May,  1866,  29  and  30  Vict. 
C 


/ 


I 


6  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 

abundantly  sufficient  for  all  purposes.  In  case  of  fire  the  pressure  from  gravitation  is  adequate 
to  throw  the  water  over  the  buildings  from  a  hose,  without  an  engine.  A  sum  of  £2, .500  has 
been  granted  by  the  county  for  the  purchase  of  land  and  the  construction  of  other  works. 

The  number  of  persons  admitted  into  this  valuable  institution  during  the  twenty-six  years 
(1841-1866  inclusive)  was  2,023,  of  whom  768  recovered,  210  were  relieved,  77  unrelieved, 
and  717  died. 

The  gross  income  for  the  year  1868  was  11,575/.  1«.  4(Z.,  and  the  gross  expenditure  was 
11,196/.  4s.  3c?.  ;  537  persons  were  treated  in  the  asylum  during  the  year.  The  weekly  average 
charge  for  pauper  patients  is  about  9«.  The  private  patients  pay  at  various  rates  ranging  from 
10,«.  to  21.?.  a-week. 

The  management  of  the  asylum  is  vested  in  a  committee  of  visitors  appointed  in  quarter 
sessions,  consisting  of  magistrates  of  the  coxmty  and  of  subscribers  to  tlie  institution.  Subscribers 
nominate  their  own  representatives  on  the  committee.  The  present  medical  superintendent  is 
Dr.  Richard  Adams,  and  the  chaplain  the  Rev.  "\V.  lago. 


THE  ASSIZES. 

The  assizes  for  the  county  of  Cornwall  were  from  ancient  times  almost  invariably  held  at 
Lamieeston,*  but  Richard  King  of  the  Romans,  having  built  a  palace  at  Lostwithiel,  transferred 
the  assizes  to  that  place.  On  a  petition,  however,  from  the  men  of  Launceston,  and  the  payment 
of  a  fine,  they  were  re-transferred  thither.  The  inconvenience  of  Launceston  as  the  assize  town 
was  long  felt.  As  early  as  January  1664  a  representation  was  made  to  the  King  by  way  of  a  pe- 
■  tition  fi-om  the  gentlemen  of  Cornwall  then  serving  in  parliament,  praying  for  the  transfer  of  the 
assize  courts  from  Launceston  to  Bodmin.  The  Petitioners  state  that  at  Bodmin  is  a  public  liall  and 
all  necessaries,  whilst  Tiaunceston  is  at  one  end  of  a  county  eighty  miles  long,  is  inconvenient  to 
witnesses,  jurors,  and  suitors,  and  improper  in  taking  the  deputy-lieutenants  and  their  officers  so 
far  away  from  some  parts  of  a  county  exposed  on  two  sides  to  the  sea.  At  the  same  time  there 
was  a  counter-petition  from  the  mayor,  &c.  of  Launceston,  representing  that  the  assizes  and  gaol 
delivery  of  the  county  were  held  there  by  ancient  charters,  and  were  the  chief  support  of  the 
town,  and  praying  that  they  might  not  be  removed,  as  proposed  by  some  gentlemen  of  the  eountr\-, 
to  Bodmin,  a  mean  town  lying  twenty  miles  further  within  the  county,  and  inconvenient  for  the 
judges  by  the  badness  of  the  ways.  Both  petitions  were  referred  to  the  attorney-general. f  His 
report  is  not  traced,  but  some  years  afterwards  we  find  the  matter  misettled.  In  the  vear  1671 
there  appear  in  the  town  accounts  several  charges  relating  to  the  purchase  of  a  mai'e  to  carr\" 
Mr.  Warden  Kestell  to  London  on  the  subject  of  the  assizes,  and  other  charges   in  connection 

*  They  were  held  at  Bodmin  temp.  Henr)-  III.,  and  4  Edw.  II.     They  were  again  held  at  Lostwithiel  11  Edw.  II.  and 
at  Bodmin  4  Edw.  III.  f  State  Papers,  Dom.  Corp.  Chas.  II.  vol.  cxi.  46,  47. 


THE  ASSIZES. 


with  tlie  same  business.*  Notwithstanding  the  trouble  and  a  considerable  expense  incurred,  the 
ajiplication  turned  out  unsuccessful,  for  the  assizes  continued  to  be  held  at  Launceston  until  the 
year  1715,t  when  an  Act  of  Parliament  passed  by  which  it  was  enacted  that,  after  the  20th  May, 
171fi,  the  assizes  should  not  be  confined  to  the  town  of  Launceston,  but  be  held  in  such  place 
within  the  county  as  the  Lord  High  Chancellor  or  Keeper  of  the  Great  Seal  for  the  time  being, 
witii  the  advice  of  the  justices  of  assize,  might  appoint.  This  Act  was  obtained  upon  the  petition 
of  the  high  sheriff,  justices  of  the  peace,  freeholders,  and  inhabitants  of  the  county,  and  was 
based  chiefly  upon  the  central  position  of  the  town  of  Bodmin  and  the  inconvenience  and  expense 
occasioned  by  suitors  and  others  having  to  proceed  to  Launceston,  a  distance  of  eighty  miles 
from  the  Land's  End.  ----- 

This  Bill'  lia^nrig  become  law,  the  judges  nominated  Bodmin  as  the  place  at  which  they 
designed  to  hold  the  ensuing  assizes,  and,  accordingly,  a  letter  was  addressed  to  Mr.  Thomas 
Hoblyn  of  Penhargard,  then  town  clerk  of  Bodmin,  requiring  him  to  apply  to  the  justices  of  the 
peace  to  issue  warrants,  or  take  some  effectual  care  that  the  roads  and  ways  from  Launceston  to 
Bodmin  be  levelled,  and  the  trees  and  hedges  cut  fit  for  travelling  with  coaches,  &c.|  It  was 
also  notified  to  him  that  both  the  judges  were  to  lye  in  one  house,  and  that  fiirniture  and  bedding, 
and  other  accommodation,  were  to  be  provided  accordingly. 

The  arrangements  made  seem  to  have  given  general  satisfaction  to  the  judges,  barristers,  and 

gentlemen  of  the  county ;  which,   having  been  represented  to  the  Earl  of  Radnor,  then   Lord 

Lieutenant,  he  assured  the  mayor  and  burgesses  that  so  long  as  he  held  that  office  the  summer 

assizes  should  always  be  held  at  Bodmin.  §    This  pledge  seems  to  have  been  kept,  for  the  summer 

assizes  continued  to  be  held  at  Bodmin  until  the  year  1727,  when  they  were  again  removed  to 

Launceston,  and  the  alternate  arrangement  was  not  resumed  until  the  year  1738,  after  which 

date  it  obtained  until  1837. 

&    s.  d. 

*   1071.     May  10.     Paid  Mr.  John  Wpl)her  for  the  town  mare 9     0     0 

To  Warden  Kessell  to  go  to  London 5     0     0 

Ang.  24.    Paid  Warden  Kessell  for  hi.s  paines  and  horsehire  to  ride  to  Mr.  Penhallow  abont  the 

.mare   • 0    5    0 

Paid  Warden  Kestell  for  labour  and  paines  to  ride  to  London  about  the  assizes 5    0    0 

Paid  by  myself  towards  the  charges  of  the  carrying  on  the  business  of  the  assizes  at 

London   5    0    0 

There  was  five  poundes  disbursed  by  Mr.  Humphrey  Williams  towardes  the  charges 

carrying  on  the  bnsines  of  the  assizes  at  London   

Alsoe  Mr.  Richard  Opie  disbursed  tenne  poundes  on  the  same. 

Received  for  the  towne  mare  clear  of  all  charges 4    0    0 

— Mayor's  Accounts. 

t  Act  ]  Geo.  II.  cap.  xlv. 

X  Wc  find  in  the  Corporation  Accounts  under  the  date  of  2.")th  July,  171C,  the  following  item:— 

£     s.    d. 
"  Given  to  John  Alford  for  rideing  to  Poison  Bridge  against  the  judges  to  shew  the  way 0     10    (» 

"  Repaireing  the  Great  Hall  against  the  assizes  and  other  oecessary  charges  before  and  at 
the  a.ssizes  

Total  £278     2    0." 

§  Bodmin  Reg.  pp.  81-91. 


/ 


PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 


THE  GAOL. 


The  above  airangement  naturally  led  to  improved  gaol  accommodation.  Until  late  in  the 
last  century  the  common  gaol  for  criminals  was  within  the  castle  of  Launceston,  and  had  been  so 
from  time  immemorial.  The  accommodation  therein,  which  had  always  been  bad  and  insuffi- 
cient, had,  from  natural  decay  and  otlier  obvious  causes,  gradually  become  quite  inadequate  for 
the  requirements  of  the  county.  It  was  necessary  therefore  that  some  course  should  be  taken, 
and  the  central  position  of  Bodmin  and  its  natural  advantages  of  healthy  air,  good  soil,  and 
abmidance  of  pure  and  wholesome  water  naturally  led  to  the  selection  of  this  town  as  the  site  of 
the  new  gaol,*  and  an  Act  of  Parliament  f  was  obtained  for  its  erection.  Tliis  building  was  to 
contain  not  only  a  gaol  for  criminals,  but  also  a  ward  or  prison  for  debtors,  and  a  house  of 
correction  for  persons  guilty  of  minor  offences.  J 

Tlie  land  required  for  the  erection  of  the  gaol  was  granted  by  the  corporation,  beuig  a  part 
of  Berrycombe,  otherwise  Burcom,  situate  about  half  a  mile  from  the  town.  It  lies  on  the 
slope  of  a  steep  hill  facing  the  south.  This  building  was  designed  and  executed  under  the  direc- 
tion of  John  Call  of  Whitford  House,  esq.  one  of  the  justices  of  peace  for  the  county,  Mr.  Jones 
of  Exeter  assisting  as  an  architect.  IL-.  Call  was  an  eminent  military  engineer,  and  had  held 
several  lucrative  offices  in  the  presidency  of  Madras.§  About  the  year  1855  the  original  gaol 
was  by  degi'ees  entirely  removed,  and  a  new  gaol  was  erected  on  an  extended  site  in  the  same 
situation  from  designs  by  Mr.  Porter  of  London,  architect.  It  contains  cells  for  250  prisoners, 
a  debtors'  ward,  chapel,  &,c.  witliin  the  walls,  and  without  are  residences  for  the  governor  and 
chaplain. 

Under  the  powers  given  by  the  original  Act  for  the  construction  of  the  gaol  a  copious 
stream  of  pure  water  was  brought  through  the  fields  from  Fairwash.  Pipes  have  recently  been 
laid  for  carrying  it  into  a  tank  above  the  governor's  house,  whence  it  is  carried  through  every 
ward  for  the  supply  of  baths  and  otlier  pui-poses,  and  afterwai'ds  flows  off  through  the  sewers. 

Bodmin  gaol  has  thus  become  one  of  the  most  perfect  in  the  West  of  England.  The  local 
prisons  at  Falmouth,  Penzance,  and  Helston  have  recently  been  abolished,  and  all  offenders  are 
now  brought  to  Bodmin  for  imprisonment,  the  gaol  establishment  at  Launceston  having  been 
finally  closed  in  1829. 

The  present  governor  is  Capt  ColviU  and  the  chaplain  the  Rev.  W.  F.  Everest. 

*  Mr.  George  Browne  records  in  his  diary,  under  date  of  7th  Aug.  1776,  ■'  Dined  with  the  Grand  .lurr  at  Hawkins, 
when  it  was  agreed  to  bnild  a  new  gaol  at  Bodmin." 

t  Act  18  Geo.  in.  cap.  17. 

J  These  two  latter  had  been  situated  in  Bodmin  for  many  rears,  the  former  in  Prison  Lane,  now  called  Union  Street, 
and  the  latter  at  the  Church  Stile  (where  Mr.  Wright's  Brewery  now  stands). 

In  1686,  however,  we  find  that  prisoners  were  confined  at  Lostwithiel,  as  appears  from  entries  in  the  registers  of  that 
parish,  e.g.: — 

"  Walter  Cock,  a  prisoner,  was  buried  6  Jan." 

•'John  Caunter,  a  prisoner,  was  buried  14  Jan." 

§  He  was  the  eldest  son  of  John  Call  of  Launcels,  in  this  county,  esq.  and  was  created  a  Baronet  in  1791.  Arms; 
Gu.  three  trumpets  fessways  in  pale  or. 


ASSIZE  COURTS. — TOWN  HAIX. — NATIONAL  SCHOOLS.  9 


ASSIZE  COURTS  AND  MAYORALTY. 

In  the  year  1837,  upon  the  removal  of  the  summer  assizes  from  Launceston  to  Bodmin,  it 
became  desirable  to  provide  additional  accommodation  for  the  courts.*  Accordingly  the  old 
church  of  the  Grey  Friars  (usually  called  the  Refectory)  was  taken  down,  and  new  courts  with 
convenient  accommodation  for  the  grand  jury,  &c.  were  erected  on  the  site.  The  front  is  built 
of  granite  ashlar,  and,  though  plain,  has  a  good  and  substantial  appearance.  At  the  same  time 
the  judges'  lodgings  were  rebuilt  in  a  similar  manner  from  a  design  by  Mr.  Joseph  Paseoe  of  this 
town.  The  expense  was  borne  by  the  county.  The  architect  and  contractor  was  Mr.  Burt  of 
Launceston. 


THE  TOWN  HALL. 

The  Town  Hall,  which  is  a  convenient  building,  although  in  its  present  form  of  no  great 
antiquity,  is  situate  in  Fore  Street.  It  is  not  unlikely,  however,  that  it  stands  on  the  site  of  the 
ancient  house  of  St  Petrock,t  which  was  in  this  street. 

THE  NATIONAL  SCHOOLS. 

Very  commodious  new  buildings,  with  playgrounds  annexed,  were  erected  in  1864-5,  on  a 
site  given  by  T.  J.  A.  Robartes,  Esq.  in  the  new  road  leading  to  the  Beacon.  The  buildings  were 
designed  by  Mr.  Goodyear,  architect,  of  Bodmin,  and  the  funds  for  their  erection,  amounting  to 
about  1,150?.,  were  raised  by  the  voluntary  contributions  of  the  inhabitants  and  non-resident 
proprietors,  assisted  by  grants  from  the  Committee  of  Privy  Council  on  Education,  and  the 
National  Society.  The  schools  will  accommodate  300  childi-en  and  are  supported  by  subscrip- 
tions, &c.  &c. 

MEETING-HOUSES. 

Tliere  are  several  meeting-houses  of  Dissenters  in  the  parish,  all  of  which  have  been  erected 
within  the  present  century. 

Wesleyan   Meeting-House. — Tlie  earliest  is  that  of  the   Wesleyan   Methodists,   which  was 

•  An  Aot  of  Parliament  was  obtained  in  183(1  intituled  "An  Act  for  building  new  Courts  of  Assize  at  Bodmin  for  the 
County  of  Cornwall,  and  for  providing  .Judges' Ixidgings,  and  other  Purposes  connected  therewith."  (6  Will.  IV.  Sept.  1836.) 

t  "  Item.  I  paidc  to  John  Hclyer  for  taking  downe  of  the  Roife  and  fErounte  of  the  house  of  Seynte  Petrock  in  the 
forcstrett:  xx""."    Accounts  of  Receivers-General  of  the  Town,  18  and  19  Hen.  VII. 

Note.     There  are  many  other  charges  during  this  year  for  materials  and  labour  in  rebuilding  this  house. 

D 


/ 


10  PAEISH  OF  BODMIN. 

erected  in  Fore  Street,  in  the  year  1803,  as  appears  from  a  deed  dated  18  June,  43  Geo.  III., 
enrolled  in  the  Exchequer;*  whereby  Edward  Peter  Schobell  vested  in  trustees,  "to  be 
exclusively  appropriated  for  the  Wesleyan  form  of  worship,  a  newly-erected  meeting-house,  with 
a  yai-d  or  garden  attached."  This  building  has  been  converted  into  a  day  and  Sunday-school. 
A  new  and  more  commodious  building  was  erected  under  a  deed  dated  22  February,  1839,  which 
will  accommodate  about  800  persons.  To  this  was  attached  a  burial-ground,  which  has  now  been 
closed  against  interments.  The  Wesleyan  body  at  present  in  connection  with  this  building 
consists  of  188  members. 

Lady  Huntingdon'' s  Meeting-House. — In  the  year  1804  the  Independents  erected  a  meeting- 
house in  a  small  court  in  Honey  Street,  which  some  time  afterwards  was  transferred  to  the  trustees 
of  Lady  Huntingdon's  Connexion.  Formerly  some  portions  of  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer  were 
used  by  the  minister,  vested  in  a  surplice,  but  this  practice  has  for  many  years  been  discontinued. 
Interments  have  taken  place  in  the  com-t-yard  adjoining  this  building.  The  old  building  having 
become  dilapidated  and  the  accommodation  being  very  small,  a  site  has  been  secured  in  Fore 
Street,  whereon  it  is  intended  to  erect  a  new  building  in  a  Gothic  style  of  architcctm-e,  capable 
of  accommodating  about  450  persons  on  the  floor ;  underneath  which  it  is  intended  there  shall  be 
a  convenient  school-room.     To  carry  out  this  object  funds  are  being  collected. 

Meeting-House  of  "  The  Bible  Christians." — This  sect  is  usually  known  as  "the  Bryanites," 
but  we  miderstand  they  do  not  accept  the  designation.  It  was  founded  about  fifty  years  ago  by  a 
Mr.  W.  O'Bryan,  a  native  of  Luxnlyan,  and  a  local  preacher  of  the  Wesleyan  connexion,  who 
separated  himself  from  that  body  and  drew  after  him  many  followers.  The  number  increased  so 
rapidly  that  in  1819  it  was  considered  proper  to  hold  a  conference  for  the  formal  organization  of 
the  society.  It  soon  became  manifest  that  Mr.  O'Bryan  desired  to  rule  the  society  according  to 
liis  own  will,  notwithstanding  the  decisions  of  the  conference,  and  in  1829  a  schism  -occurred 
between  him  and  most  of  the  ministers;  soon  afterwards  he  departed  to  America.  It  was  now 
necessary  that  some  name  should  be  adopted  for  the  purpose  of  distinguishing  this  from  other 
dissenting  bodies,  when  the  designation  of  "  Bible  Christians  "  was  determined  upon. 

The  "Bible  Christians"  have  existed  in  Bodmin  from  their  first  establishment,  and  their 
meeting-house  not  affording  sufiicient  accommodation,  a  new  one,  which  will  seat  300  persons, 
with  a  school-room  underneath,  was  erected  in  Bore  Lane  in  1851. f  The  present  number  of 
members  is  sixty-five.     There  are  twenty  school-teachers  and  ninety  children. 

United  Methodist  Free  Church  Meeting-House. — This  is  situate  in  Pool  Street,  sometimes 
called  Back  Street, J  and  is  built  on  the  site  of  an  older  meeting-house  erected  in  the  bcgimiing 

*  Exch.  Pleas,  43  Geo.  III.  Trinity  ni.  13  li.  t  Deed  em-olled  in  Chancery. 

t  In  a  deed  dated  24  Feby.  1724,  by  whicb  Stephen  Marshall  of  Bodiiiiu,  peiTuke  maker,  conveyed  to  William  Northey 
of  the  same  place,  barker,  a  garden  in  Back  Street,  such  garden  i,s  described  as  being  bounded  on  the  east  with  a  new- 
erected  house,  "  commonly  called  the  Meeting-house  or  Conventicle."    Deed  in  the  collection  of  the  author. 


THE  MARKET- HOUSE. — THE  GILBERT  MONUMENT.  11 

of  tlio  eighteeuth  centmy,  but  for  what  denomination  of  Dissenters  we  are  ignorant.  The  present 
building  was  erected  in  1842,*  and  will  accommodate  nearly  300  persons.  Tlie  same  denomination 
have  another  meeting-house  at  Fletcher's  Bridge  in  this  parish,  ei-ected  in  1837. 

The  Roman  Catholics  have  a  chapel  at  the  west  end  of  the  town,  near  the  asylum. 


THE  MARKET-HOUSE. 

In  the  yeui'  1815  a  Bill  was  brought  into  Parliament  to  empower  the  mayor  and  burgesses 
to  inclose  and  sell  common  lands  within  the  borough  for  tlie  purpose  of  repairing  tlie  church  and 
providing  a  new  market -house.  The  project  for  the  inclosure  of  the  commons  was  so  luipopular 
among  the  townspeople  that  it  caused  considerable  rioting  and  disturbance,  and  eventually  tliat 
portion  of  the  Bill  which  related  to  the  commons  was  withdrawn,  and  an  Act  was  obtained  tor 
providing  a  market-house  only.  Nearly  twenty-five  j'ears  elapsed  before  the  project  was  carried 
into  effect;  but  in  the  year  1839  a  now  and  convenient  market-house  was  erected  in  Fore  Street, 
from  designs  by  Mr.  William  Harris  of  Bristol,  at  an  expenditiu'e  of  something  more  than  3,000/. 
which  was  paid  from  the  fmids  of  the  mayor  and  common  council.  Previously  to  the  erection  of 
this  building  the  corn  market  was  held  in  the  assize  hall. 

In  10J9,|  a  "  butter  house,"  or  market,  had  been  erected  in  Fore  Street  at  the  angle  between 
Honey  Street  and  St.  Nicholas  Street,  whilst  meat,  vegetables,  fruit,  &c.  were  exposed  for  sale  in 
the  street  and  on  Mount  Folly.  On  the  erection  of  the  new  market-house,  the  butter  market  was 
taken  down,  and  a  clock  tm'ret  erected  on  the  site  to  contain  a  clock  presented  to  the  town  by 
Capt.  Collins,  R.N.  of  Trewardale. 


THE  GILBERT  MONUMENT. 

Wo  have  already  alluded  to  this  structure.  It  was  erected  by  subscription  at  a  cost  of 
n])wards  of  1,500/.  in  memory  of  Sir  Walter  Raleigh  Gilbert,  Baronet,  in  the  years  185G  and 
1857  ;  the  town  council,  at  a  meeting  held  on  the  24th  May  1854,  ha\'ing  undertaken  that  the  whole 
area  of  the  Beacon,  consisting  of  17.2  acres,  should  be  kept  uninclosed,  for  the  use  and  recreation 
of  the  public.  It  consists  of  an  obelisk  144  feet  in  height,  standing  on  a  square  plinth  or  pedestal, 
all  of  granite,  and  from  its  lofty  altitude  is  a  cons]>icuous  object  at  many  miles  distant.  On  the 
several  faces  of  the  pedestal  arc  the  following  inscriptions  : — 


*  Enrolled  in  Chancery. 

t  In  the  mayor's  accounts  we  find  the  following  item  relating  to  this  bnildiiig:  "  1C79.  Paid  to  M'Bulioikc  tor  lilieriy 
to  draw  stones  lor  the  Butter  House,  2s.  Gii." 


12 


PARISH  OF  BODMIN, 


On  Xiirthface  of  Pedestal. 
WALTER  .  RALEIGH  .  GILBERT. 


On  East  face  of  Pedestal. 

BOBN 
MABCH  .  18  .  1785. 


On  West  face  of  Pedestal. 

DIED 

10™  MAT.  1853. 


[On  South  face  of  Pedestal,  cut  on  a  projecting  tablet  or  oblong  slab,  supported  by  two  brackets. 
The  obelisk,  the  pedestal,  tablet,  and  brackets  being  all  of  granite.  Thirty-one  lines  on  tablet,  besides 
those  on  brackets  below  it.] 

Inieription. 

To  the  Memory  of 

WALTER  RALEIGH  GILBERT, 

Lientenant-General  in  the  Bengal  Army, 

who,  after  sharing  as  a  Subaltern 

in  the  Campaigns  of  1803  and  1804  under  Lord  Lake, 

greatly  distinguished  himself  in  1845  and  1846 

as  Major-General  commanding 

the  second  diTision  of  the  Army  in  the  Battles  of 

MOODKEE,  FEKOZSHA,   and  SOBBAON, 

in  the  sutleje  ; 

and  subsequently  in  1849  in  those  of 

CHILLIAXWALA  and  GOOJEBAT, 

in  the  PtrxjAB. 

And  having  eventually  compelled  the  Sikh  Chiefs 

to  surrender  themselves  to  him  at  rawul  plndee, 

with  their  whole  Force  of  16,000  Men  and  41  Guns, 

drove  their  Afgan  Allies  across  the  Indus, 

and  thus  brought  the  WAR  to  a  triumphant  conclusion. 

For  which  distinguished  Services 

the  Queen  conferred  on  him  the  dignity  of 

a  Baronet  and  the  Grand  Cross  of  the  Order  of  the  Bath ; 

the  Houses  of  Parliament  twice  voted  him  thanks ; 

the  Court  of  Directors  appointed  him  to  the  Supreme  Council  in  India; 

AND  THIS  MONUMENT, 

raised  on  this  spot, 

at  the  earnest  request  of  his  fellow-townsmen  of  BODMIN, 

has  been  erected  by  Companions  in  Arms  and  private  Friends, 

in  testimony  of  their  admiration 

of  his  eminent  Public  Sen-ices  as  a  Soldier 

and  of  their  regard  and  respect  for  his 

Estimable  Personal  Qualities. 


Erected  in 
1856 
and 
1857. 


[Inscriptions  on  Brackets.] 


E.  Gilbert 
Hamley, 
Mayor. 


RACES. — WATERWORKS. — PRIMEVAL  ANTIQUITIES.  13 


BODMIN  RACES. 

In  tlie  last  century  races  were  held  at  Bodmin.  The  course  was  partially  on  Cardinham 
Downs,  the  winning-post  and  principal  stand  being  near  Council  Barrow  on  Bodmin  Downs, 
These  races  were  discontinued  in  consequence  of  quarrels  among  the  county  fomilies,  and  the 
ill-feeling  engcndei'ed  on  account  of  the  election  contest  between  Sir  John  St.  Aubyn  and 
Mr.  Gregor  in  1790.  In  1806  the  sports  were  resumed  through  the  influence  of  the  late  Lord  de 
Dunstanville,  then  lately  become  the  patron  of  the  borough.  The  coui-se  was  now  set  out  wholly 
on  Bodnu'n  Downs,  the  grand  stand  and  winning-post  being  placed  near  Holton  Gate.  The 
nobility  and  gentry  of  the  county  gave  their  cordial  support.  From  an  advertisement  in  the 
Taunton  Courier  of  27th  July  1809,  it  appears  that  in  that  year  the  races  were  to  be  held  on  the 
22nd  and  23rd  August,  and  that  horses  had  been  entered  by  Lords  Mount  Edgcumbe,  Falmoutli, 
Eliot,  and  de  Dunstanville,  and  by  se^■eral  of  the  principal  gentlemen  of  the  county.  Ordinaries 
were  provided,  and  tliero  was  a  ball  each  evening.  These  races  continued  to  flourish  until  the 
peace  ;  but  upon  the  opening  up  of  the  continent  to  English  tourists  after  the  cessation  of  the  war, 
from  which  they  had  been  debari-ed  for  many  years,  English  gentlemen  sought  their  amusements 
abroad,  and  Bodmin  Races  gradually  declined  in  interest,  until  they  wholly  ceased  about  the  year 
1825.  They  were  again  resumed  in  1833,  through  the  instrumentality  of  Colonel  Gilbert,  after- 
wards Lieut. -General  Sir  Walter  Raleigh  Gilbert,  Baronet,  and  continued  until  that  distinguished 
officer  left  England  for  India  in  1842. 

WATERWORKS. 

Heretofore,  in  drj'  seasons,  Bodmin  has  suffered  much  inconvenience  from  a  scarcity  of 
water,  almost  the  only  supply  for  the  whole  town,  in  such  circumstances,  being  the  unfailing  spring 
of  St.  Petrock's  well  in  the  churchyard;  but  this  is  a  mile  distant  from  the  western  part  of  the 
town.  Measures  have  been  recently  adopted  for  supplying  this  prime  necessaiy  from  a  spring 
called  "  Butter  Well,"  close  to  the  river  Alan,  near  Dunmere.  The  water  is  forced  by  means  of 
double-action  pum])s  worked  by  a  water-wheel  15  feet  in  diameter  and  8%et  in  breadth,  impelled 
by  water  from  the  river,  to  a  perpendicular  height  of  451  feet,  and  is  carried  to  a  reservoir  on  the 
"  Beacon,"  150  feet  higher  than  the  highest  part  of  the  town.  The  pumps  will  raise  200,000 
gallons  daily,  and  the  reservoir  will  contain  250,000  gallons.  From  the  reservoir  it  is  carried 
through  pipes  for  the  supjjly  of  the  houses  in  the  town,  and  it  is  also,  occasionally,  used  for 
watering  the  streets  by  means  of  a  hose. 

PRIMEVAL  ANTIQUITIES. 

There  arc  within  the  parish  of  Bodmin  two  considerable  encampments  or  hill  castles,  the 
most  important  of  which  is  Castle  Canyke,  about  one  mile  south-east  of  the  town.  The  other  is 
situate  in  Dunmere  Wood,  about  two  miles  on  the  north-west  side.     About  one  and  a  half  mile 


14  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 

still  further  on  the  north-west,  at  Penearrow,  is  found  another  similar  fortification,  a  fourth  about 
a  mile  east  of  Dunmere  at  Penhargurtl,  and  a  fifth  very  near  Penhargard  on  Lower  Helland. 
These  camps  have  the  appearance  of  having  been  consti-ucted  at  a  very  remote  period,  and  their 
object  has  been  assumed  to  have  been  a  defence  of  the  valley  of  the  river  Alan  and  of  the  coxintry 
lying  between  that  river  on  the  north  and  the  river  Fowey  on  the  south.  It  has  been  conjectured 
that  this  line  formed  the  frontier  between  the  rival  tribes  of  the  Damnonii  and  the  Cornubii.  If 
this  theory  be  correct,  we  may  consider  that  in  connexion  with  "these  enti-enehments  were  the 
important  works  known  as  Castle-an-Dinas,  neai"  St.  Colimib,  about  nine  miles  west  by  south  of 
Castle  Canyke  ;  Cardinham  Bury,  about  four  miles  on  the  north-east ;  Bury  Down,  about  nine 
miles  on  the  south-east ;  and  Castle  Dor,  in  the  parish  of  Lanlivery  ;  and  also  Kelly -rounds  about 
two  and  a  half  miles  north-west  from  PencaiTow  ;  whilst  Slichaelstow  Beacon,  a  rectangular 
encampment,  lies  about  eight  and  a  half  miles  due  north  from  Castle  Canyke.  Many  of  tliese 
forts  command  a  view  of  each  other,  and,  supposing  the  theory  to  be  correct,  might  have  formed  a 
most  important  chain  of  fortifications.  Their  irregular,  detached,  and  somewhat  isolated  positions 
would  lead  a  modern  strategist,  perhaps,  to  doubt  the  design  attributed  to  them,  whilst  several  of 
them  are  nevertheless  too  close  to  each  other  to  favour  the  hypothesis  that  they  were  the  sti'ong- 
holds  of  local  rival  tribes. 

We  shall  here  proceed  to  give  a  short  description  of  the  two  first  mentioned  as  being  within 
the  parish  of  Bodmin.  Those  at  Pencarrow,  Kelly-rounds,  Penhargard,  Lower  Helland,  and 
Michaelstow  will  be  noticed  under  the  parishes  within  which  they  are  severally  situate.  The  other 
three  are  beyond  the  compass  of  this  work. 

Castle  Canyke. — This  entrenchment,  which  is  situate  on  the  crest  of  a  hill,  contains  in  area 
about  18  acres,-  and  is  nearly  circular.  (See  PL  V.  fig.  I.)  There  appear  to  have  been  two 
ramparts,  but  they  are  now  nearly  obliterated.  The  entrance  seems  to  have  been  on  the  south 
side,  but  so  many  breaches  have  been  made  in  the  rampai't  that  it  is  difiicult  to  speak  with 
precision.  About  300  yards  on  the  west  of  the  camp  was  a  tumulus,  which  was  probably  a  place 
of  sepulture.     Such  tumuli  are  frequently  found  near  the  camps  in  Cornwall.* 

The  land  upon  which  tliis  camp  is  constructed  was  coumion  until  within  the  last  forty  years, 
about  which  time  it  was  inclosed,  and  hedges  have  been  made  to  intersect  the  castle  itself  The 
height  of  this  castle  above  the  level  of  the  sea  is  520  feet,  being,  Mr.  WaOis  observes,!  the  exact 
height  of  the  great  pjTamid  of  Egypt  from  the  ground.  It  commands  an  extensive  view.  In  the 
valley  below,  on  the  south-west,  close  to  Halgaver  Moor,  is  a  ravine  called  the  "  Dragon  Pit." 

Dunmere. — This  entrenchment  has  a  single  vallum  of  an  irregular  oval  form  (see  Plate  V. 
fig.  II.),  and  a  ditch  varying  from  8  feet  to  18  feet  in  depth,  having  only  one  entrance,  which  is 
on  the  north-east  It  commands  the  valley  of  the  Alan.  On  the  eastern  side,  for  neai'ly  one-half 
of  its  circumference,  it  is  skirted  by  an  ancient  road  or  track,  leading  on  the  north  towards  Pen- 
carrow, and  extending  on  the  south  in  a  south-easterly  direction.     Of  this  more  presently. 

Tregaer. — Near  the  village  of  Nanstallan,  about  two  and  a  half  miles  from  Bodmin,  and 
about  450  yards  from  the  river  Alan,  were  discovered,  about  the  beginning  of  the  present  century, 

*  M'Lanchlan,  Report  of  the  Royal  Institution  of  Cornwall,  1849.  t  Bodmin  Register,  403. 


Plaie  V. 


ANCIENT  BRITISH  ROADS  AND  TRACK-WAYS.  15 

the  remains  of  a  small  Roman  camp.  Two  coppei-  coins  of  Vesjiasian  and  a  brass  ounce  coin  of 
Trajan,  the  latter  in  excellent  preservation,  had  been  previously  found  in  a  stream-work  near  the 
spot.  The  site  had  the  appearance  of  an  oblong  field,  as  the  ditch  was  filled  up,  in  clearing  out 
which  for  the  purposes  of  manure,  urns  of  common  clay,  and  some  also  of  fine  red  pottery  orna- 
mented with  leaves,  were  found  and  broken ;  *  as  also  some  coins  of  the  Emperors  abo\'e  mentioned. 
The  farm  on  which  tiie  camp  stands  is  called  Tregaer — "  the  place  of  the  camp.'''' 

The  situation  of  the  camp  is  on  a  gentle  declivity,  having  the  i-iver  in  fi"ont,  and  a  small 
stream  on  two  sides.  The  form  is  a  parallelogram,  with  sides  about  330  feet  and  260  feet.  The 
hedges  on  the  north  and  west  and  on  the  south  are  tlie  remains  of  tlie  rampart.  The  east  lias  been 
destroyed,  though  traces  of  it  are  still  apparent ;  but  this  side  would  not  seem  to  be  at  right 
angles  to  the  other  two.  The  corners  are  rounded  off.  The  entrance  appears  to  have  been  about 
the  middle  of  the  north  side.     (See  Plate  V.  fig.  III.) 

There  was  formerly  a  tumulus  near  the  entrance  to  the  camp,  about  .5  feet  high,  which  has 
been  taken  away  for  manure;  and,  where  the  ground  appeared  to. have  been  enriched  by  some 
animal  or  otlier  deposit,  several  holes  have  been  dug  for  the  same  purpose.  The  tumulus  was 
formed  of  stones,  which  appeared  to  have  been  taken  from  the  bed  of  the  river ;  and  in  the 
centre  was  a  compartment  containing  some  ashes,  showing  it  to  have  been  a  place  of  sepulture. 

Tliis  camji  commands  the  ford  across  the  river  at  Nanstallan. 


ANCIENT  BRITISH  ROADS  AND  TRACK- WAYS. 

An  ancient  track  or  road  leads  through  the  dense  wood  in  whicli  Dunmcre  Camp  is  situate 
from  the  direction  of  Pencarrow,  and,  after  skirting  about  one-half  of  the  camp,  continues  in  a 
south-westerly  direction  towards  Dunmere  Bridge,  when,  sweeping  around  to  the  west,  it  is,  for 
a  short  distance,  lost  in  the  cultivated  meadows.  We  quickly  find  it  again  passing  up  over  the 
rough  pastures  above  Boscarne,  in  the  direction  of  "  Kelly-rounds." 

Branching  from  this  road,  at  the  north-east  corner  of  the  field  numbered  2(56,5,  are  traces  of 
another  road,  consisting  of  a  broad  track,  running  due  .south.  It  is  continuous  with  the  road  through 
Boscarne  to  the  ford  of  the  Alan,  not  far  from  Tregaer.  Probably,  however,  Tregaer  Camp  had  no 
direct  connection  with  this  system  of  roads,  but  was  constructed  at  a  later  period  by  the  Romans 
to  command  the  passage  of  the  ri^er.  After  crossing  the  ford  below  Boscarne,  and  ])assing  through 
Pendewcy,  it  probably  occupied  the  site  of  the  present  road,  and  proceeded  by  the  Asylum  to 
Castle  Canyke.  Whether  it  passed  through  the  present  town  or  skirted  the  Beacon  along  a  line  of 
ancient  hedges,  breaking  out  of  tlio  cultivated  meadows  near  the  Militia  Store-house,  is  uncertain. 
From  the  Storehouse  a  rough  bine  or  track  leads  directly  to  the  Castle,  passing  it  on  the  soutli 
side,  and  leading  on  to  Carminow,  where  the  Cross  is  (No.  14),  though  it  is  not  now  traceable  to 
the  Cross  itself.  From  this  road  anotlicr  branches  off  which  skirts  the  Castle  rampart  on  the  west 
side.     From  Carminow  the  ancient  road  appears  to  have  proceeded  towards  Fletcher's  Bridge, 

*  Bodmin  Register,  pp.  51,  401. 


16  PARISH  or  BODMIN. 

and  there  crossing  the  valley,  perhaps,  proceeded  over  Pinchla  Down  to  Cardinham  Bury. 
The  ancient  track  leading  from  Carmiuow  to  Fletcher's  Bridge  was  preserved  as  a  road  when  the 
commons  were  inclosed  some  forty  years  ago,  but  it  is  now  almost  impassable.  From  Castle 
Canyke  there  were  also  probably  communications  with  Castle  Dor  and  Bury  Down.  Further 
investigation  will,  we  hope,  enable  us  to  confirm  these  conjectures  and  make  additional  discoveries 
respecting  the  British  roads  in  this  neighbourhood.* 


BAEROWS. 

Altliough  barrows  are  abundant,  generally,  on  the  high  lands  of  Cornwall,  there  seem  not  to 
have  been  many  within  the  parish  of  Bodmin.  We  have  noticed  one  in  connection  with  Castle 
Canyke.  This  was  half  destroyed  in  1849  when  M'Lauchlan  made  his  plan,  and  can  scarcely 
now  be  traced.  Three  small  ones  on  the  Beacon  are  shovra  on  the  Ordnance  M.aji.  These  also 
have  disappeared.  One  at  Tregaer  we  have  mentioned  as  having  been  taken  away  for  manure. 
Tliere  seem  to  bo  indications  of  some  along  the  line  of  ancient  road  over  the  high  ground  of 
Boseame;  and  one  still  exists,  as  shown  on  the  Ordnance  Map,  on  Penaliggen  Down  (in  the 
inclosnre  called  "  Higher  Park,"  marked  279G  on  the  Tithe  Map),  near  the  conjectural  pro- 
lono-ation  of  the  said  road  towai'ds  "  Kellv-rounds." 

*  It  is  due  to  the  Rev.  WiBiam  lago  of  Bodmin  that  we  should  here  express  our  sense  of  the  great  obligations  we 
owe  him  for  very  valuable  assistance  in  these  searches,  and,  generally,  in  the  investigation  and  delineation  of  the 
antiquities  of  Bodmin. 


17 


EARLY  CHRISTIAN  MONUMENTS. 


Tliere  are  also  in  this  parisli  many  wayside  crosses 
worthy  of  notice,  but  less  attention  Avoukl  seem  to 
have  been  paid  to  them  than  to  those  in  the  parish 
of  Blisland.  Several  of  the  latter  h;i(l  been  engraved 
in  Mr.  Blight's  valuable  book  on  "  The  Ancient 
Crosses,  &c.  in  the  East  of  Cornwall,"  but  one  only  of 
the  Bodmin  wayside  crosses  found  a  place  therein, 
viz.:— 

No.  9,  which  is  described  as  being  near  Berry 
Tower.  Tlie  symbol  on  this  cross  is  of  the  Greek 
type.  Tlie  cross  formerly  stood  where  the  three  ways 
meet  near  the  ancient  buildino;  now  used  as  a  barn 
at  Berry.  It  has,  within  the  last  few  years,  been 
removed  from  its  original  site,  and  is  now  placed 
within  tlie  cemetery  close  to  the  tower.  This  cross 
stands  4ft,  Sin.  in  lieiglit,  and  is  1ft.  Tin.  in  breadth 
at  the  head.  In  the  annexed  engraving  the  doorway 
of  the  old  Berry  Tower  is  shown  at  the  back,  and 
the  new  workhouse  appears  in  the  distance. 


No.  !l. 


No.  10.  This  is  the  head  of  a  ci'oss  representing  on  its  principal  face  the  Crucifixion 
a  .sunken  panel  with  a  foliated  head,  the  figures  of  our  Lord,  St.  John,  and  the  Blessed 
being  in  bas-relief.  This  cross  also  has  been  figiu'cd 
by  Mr.  Blight,  but  in  his  engraving  the  figure  of 
our  Lord  is  not  shown  with  the  legs  crossed.  At  the 
ends  are  sculptured  figures  of  l)ishops,  and  at  the 
back  is  a  recess  in  which  j)robably  was  a  group 
similar  to  tliat  described,  but  tlie  slab  is  lost :  some 
portion  of  the  cement  with  which  it  was  fixed  yet 
remains.  This  stone  is  1ft,  Cm.  in  i)roadth  at  the 
lower  edge,  and  1ft.  Sin.  in  height.  On  the  lower  face  tlio  stone  is  smoothed  for  three 
from  the  edge,  bu)  the  middle  remains  rough  as  if  for  fixing.  It  was  doubtless  fixed  on 
and  ])robably  formed  a  churchyard  cross.  ♦. 


within 
Virgin 


No.  in. 


lIlClU'S 

a  shaft, 


18 


PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 


No.  11. 


■^^f^- 


No.  13. 


No.  11.  Set  up  in  the  churcliTard  is  a  fragment  of  the 
shaft  of  a  cross.  It  stands  3ft.  4in.  in  height,  is  square,  with 
the  angles  chamfered  off,  and  tajjeriug  towards  the  top.  The 
sides  average  in  width  7  inches.  It  was  formerly  used  as  the 
hinge-post  at  the  door  of  the  well  at  "  the  Bore."  On  the 
sides  are  sculptured  figui'es,  some  of  them  under  crocketed 
canopies.  Li  workmanship  it  very  nearly  resembles  the  cross- 
head  last  described,  and  may  have  formed  a  portion  of  the 
shaft  of  that  cross.  There  are,  however,  difficulties  in  the 
way  of  this  conjecture. 


No.  12  is  a  fine  round-headed  cross  fractiu'ed  on  one  side. 
The  sjnnbol  is  of  the  Greek  type.  This  cross 
formerly  stood  by  the  wayside  at  the  top  of 
(Jastle  Street  HiU,  close  to  the  comer  of  the 
inelosure  marked  1096  on  the  parish  map  ; 
but  when  the  fence  of  the  more  modern 
inclosm'e  was  built,  about  40  years  ago,  the 
cross  was  removed  and  laid  over  a  well  in 
the  adjoining  meadow,  whei'e  it  stiU  remains.* 
Tlie  length  of  this  cross  is  6ft.  4in..  breadth 
of  standard  1ft.  3in.,  diameter  of  head  2ft. 

No.  13.  In  a  field  numbered  1130  on  the 
l)arish  map,  near  the  turnpike  gate  at  Callywith,  is  a 
round-headed  cross  with  crucial  projections.  The  symbol, 
which  is  surrounded  by  a  circle,  has  parallel  sides  and 
equilateral  arms.  This  cross  is  now  close  to  a  modern 
hedge  near  the  corner  of  a  more  ancient  inclosiu'e. 
Height  i>ft.  3in.,  breadth  of  the  standard  1ft.  3in., 
breadth  of  the  head  1ft.  9in..  thickness  9  inches. 
Reverse  the  same  as  the  obverse. 

No.  14.  Carminow  Cr-oss. — Tliis  cross  is  situate  on 
tlie  boundary  between  the  parishes  of  Bodmin  and  Lan- 
hvdrock.  Tlie  tenement  in  which  it  is  found  has  pro- 
bably taken  its  name  from  the  cross,  which  is  doubtless 

*  This  information  was  obtained  from  Stcplien  KoseTeare,  agcil 
82,  who  resides  in  one  of  the  cottages  adjoining  the  meadow,  who 
remembered  the  removal  of  the  cross,  and  pointed  out  to  the  Author 
its  original  site. 


EAULY  CHRISTIAN  MONUMENTS. 


19 


of  greater  antiquity  than  tlie  inelosiu'cs. .  Tlie  family  of 
Carniinow  formerly  held  the  manor  of  Lanhydrock,  and  it 
is  possible  that  the  name  may  have  been  given  to  the  cross 
in  comparatively  modern  times  when  the  tenement  on 
which  it  stands  was  inclosed.  The  cross,  though  short,  has 
a  very  fine  head,  measuring  3  foet  in  diameter,  pierced 
^vitll  four  holes.  It  stands  transversely  to  the  hedge  which 
has  been  built  nearly  over  it,  and  consequently  it  is  verj- 
much  concealed.  It  will  be  found  on  the  north  side  of  the 
inclosurc  numbered  1325  on  the  parish  map. 

No.  15.  This  is  a  tall  elegant  cross  7ft.  Sin.  in  height, 
breadth  of  the  standard  1ft.  3iu.,  breadth  of  the  head  2ft. 
2in.  The  symbol,  which  is  narrow,  is  of  the  Greek  type, 
and  is  set  in  a  sunken  panel.  The  reverse  is  the  same, 
except  that  there  is  a  small  pit  in  the  centre.  The  cross 
is  now  set  up  upon  a  modern  drinking-ti'ongh  near 
the  gaol,  which  in  the  annexed  engraving  forms  the 
background. 


It  is  probable  that  there  was  formerly  a  cross  at 
Nanstallan,  for  we  find  there  several  closes  adjoining 
the  village  called  respectively,  "  the  Cross,"  "  Cross 
Park,"  &c.  We  have  failed  to  discover  the  cross 
itself;  but  as  tlu'oe  ways  meet  contiguous  to  these 
fields,  we  have  little  doubt  the  site  of  it  was  at  this 
junction.  It  is  remarkable  how  many  proofs  exist  in 
Cornwall  of  the  Christian  worship  having  succeeded 
the  Pagan.  The  worship  of  Diana  was,  in  early 
ages,  very  general ;  and  as  Trivia,  which  was  one  of 
her  many  names,  she  was  commemorated  almost 
overyAvhere  where  three  roads  met,  and  very  fre- 
quently we  find  that  the  Christian  symbol  of  the 
cross  has  succeeded  the  Pagan  altar  in  such  situa- 
tions. 


No.  14. 


20 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY. 


Pkiory  of  St.  Mary  the  Virgin  and  St.  Petrock. 

In  the  account  which  we  gave  of  the  parish  of  Blisland  we  treated  of  the  manor  and  lord- 
ship before  we  noticed  the  advowson  and  the  church,  because  the  latter  arose  out  of,  and  were 
dependent  upon,  the  former.  In  writing  of  the  parish  of  Bodmin  we  propose  to  adopt  a  different 
course.  The  priory  of  St.  Petrock  was  settled  here  at  so  early  a  date  as  to  take  precedence  of  all 
other  institutions — the  manor,  the  bor<3ugh,  and  also  the  church,  were  for  centuries  dependent 
upon  the  prior  and  convent. 

The  early  history  of  the  priory  is  covered  with  a  cloud  of  thick  darkness,  which  many  learned 
men  ha\e  attempted  to  remove,  but  their  utmost  efforts  have  enabled  them  to  do  scarcely  more 
than  to  lift  the  veil  and  to  give  us  a  shadowy  glimpse  of  what  is  behind.  We  shall  not  enter  into 
the  controversy  as  to  whether  Bodmin  was  or  was  not  the  seat  of  the  ancient  bishopric  of 
Cornwall. 

It  is  an  undoubted  fact  that  the  British  race  accepted  Clu-istianity  at  a  very  early  period, 
some  saj-  as  early  as  the  second  ccntmy  at  least,  and  they  must,  of  necessity,  have  had  bishops 
to  rule  over  them  and  to  transmit  the  orders  of  their  clergy.  Accordingly  we  find  three  British 
bishops  at  the  Council  of  Aa-iminium  in  a.d.  359. 

Wc  have  no  written  records  of  the  early  church  in  Cornwall,  though  we  veuture  to  think 
abundant  lithographic  evidence  exists,  in  tlie  numerous  crosses  which  everjnvhere  abound,  that  the 
Cornubii  were  a  devout  Christian  race.  We  must,  therefore,  be  prepared  to  accept,  as  a  conse- 
(juence,  that  they  had  bishops  of.  their  own,  isolated  as  they  were  from  the  other  Celtic  tribes  in 
Britain ;  and  this  fact  is  supported  by  incidental  notices  in  the  Welsh  Triads,  which  state  that 
Cornwall  was  the  seat  of  an  archbishop.  Our  difficulty  is  in  determining  at  what  place  his  throne 
was  erected.  That  difHoulty  arises  from  the  circumstance  that,  contrary  to  the  usual  practice  of 
the  church,  the  bishops  had  the  designation  of  Bishops  of  Cornwall,  instead  of  taking  their  titles 
from  the  places  at  which  their  thrones  were  set.*  The  62nd  and  64th  Triads  show  that  the  seat  of 
the  Cornish  Archbishop  was  "  Celliwig  in  Cornwall,  where  Arthur  was  supreme  king."  But 
where  was  Celliwig  ?  Some  conjecture  Callington,  which  in  old  deeds  is  called  Kellyton,  and 
others  suppose  it  to*  be  Calliwith,  near  Bodmin,  though  in  the  parish  of  Helland. 

It  is  shown,  by  the  late  learned  Dr.  Todd,t  that  the  practice  of  the  Celtic  race  in  Ireland,  in 
respect  to  their  episcopate,  was  very  singular.  Bishops  were  very  numerous,  often  existing  in 
groups  of  seven,  and  generally  without  distinct  sees — frequently  attached  to  clans,  and  sometimes 
even  to  monasteries.  When  one  of  the  petty  kings  or  chieftains  embraced  Christianity  he  pro- 
vided a  bishop,  sometimes  more  than   one  bishop,  and  other  clergy  for  his  sept.     The  district 

*  This  practice  still  obtains  in  onr  colonial  chnrches  anil  other  dioceses  of  the  Anglo-Catholic  communion,  e.g.  New- 
Zealand,  Newfoundland,  Barbadocs,  Jamaica.  St.  Helena,  and  the  Orange  River  State.  t  Life  of  St.  Patrick. 


ECCLESL\STICAL  HISTORY — THE  PRIOKT.  21 

which  owed  allegiance  to  the  chieftain  became  the  proper  field  of  labour  for  his  bishop  and  clergy, 
and  this  was  the  first  approach  to  a  territorial  jurisdiction  in  the  church  of  Ireland. 

This  practice  may  afford  a  key  to  the  difficulties  which  exist  in  respect  to  the  British  bishops 
of  Cornwall.  Instead  of  having  a  fixed  seat,  they  may  have  been,  in  a  measure,  migratory.  The 
British  Chui'ch,  it  is  well  known,  maintained  its  independence  for  several  centuries  after  the  arrival 
of  St.  Augustine  in  England,  and,  consequently,  until  the  conquest  of  Cornwall  by  ^Ethelstan  in 
A.D.  926  the  Cornish  bishops  were  not  subject  to  the  see  of  Canterbuiy-  The  submission  of 
Bishop  Keiistec  to  Archbishop  Ceolnoth  (833 — 870)  is  the  only  known  exception. 

So  much  for  the  British  bishops.  With  regard  to  the  episcopate  for  the  Saxon  period  we  are 
disposed  to  adopt  the  conclusion  arrived  at  bj'  the  late  Eev.  John  Carne,*  who,  after  much  patient 
and  independent  research,  seems  satisfactorily  to  have  established  the  fact,  that,  during  the  greater 
part  of  the  tenth  century,  the  Saxon  bishops  of  Cornwall  were  seated  at  Bodmin,  and  we  think  it 
may  be  fairly  concluded  that  they  simply  filled  the  place  s  of  their  predecessors.  On  the  conquest 
of  Cornwall  by  the  Saxons  the  British  bishop  Conan  m  ade  his  submission  to  Archbishop  Wulf- 
helm  and  was  recognised  by  King  ^thelstan,  who  formally  nominated  him  to  the  Cornish  see 
at  Bodmin,  5th  December  936,  and  probably  he  was  reconsecrated,  as  his  former  consecration 
would  be  regarded  as  uncanonical.  Including  him,  we  have  at  Bodmin  during  the  Saxon  period 
the  following  succession  of  prelates  : — 

1.  Conan,  5  th  December  936. 

2.  iEthelgar,  time  of  King  Edred,  941 — 955. 

3.  Ji^thelstan,  before  966. 

4.  Wulffsie,  966  or  967. 

5.  Comore,  time  of  King  Edgar.     During  his  time  the  Cornish  see  was  removed 

to  St.  Germans, t  Bodmin  having  been  destroyed  by  the  Danes. 

It  seems  to  be  admitted  by  all  the  disputants  that  towards  the  close  of  the  fifth  century,  St. 
Guron,  afterwards  the  patron  saint  of  Goran,  had  established  a  hermitage  in  the  wooded  valley  in 
which  the  town  of  Bodmin  is  situate.  Here  he  lived  a  recluse  life  beside  a  copious  spring  of 
water  wliich  rises  near  the  west  door  of  the  present  church. 

The  circumstances  which  led  to  the  foundation  on  this  spot  of  the  monastery  of  St.  Pctrock 
have  been  variously  related  in  respect  to  detail,  but  no  doubt  exists  as  to  the  general  historical 
correctness  of  the  tradition.  The  founder  Petrock  was  indisputably  of  the  British  race.  Some 
writers  say  he  was  the  son  of  one  of  the  kings  of  Wales ;  others,  which  is  more  probable,  that  he 
was  a  Cornish  man,  the  son  of  Clement,  a  Cornish  prince  or  chieftain.  All  agree  that  upon  the 
death  of  his  father  he  refused  the  dignity  of  chieftain,  to  which  he  had  been  elected  by  his  people, 
determining  to  lead  a  life  of  religious  seclusion,  and  it  is  probable  that  he  took  up  his  abode  with 
St.  Guron  in  the  Bodmin  valley. 

*  Journal  of  the  Royal  Institution  of  Cornwall,  vol.  ii. 

t  The  Cornish  bishops  seated  at  St.  Germans  -n-erc,  C.  Eldrcd,  980-993;  7.  Etlielrcd  nlmut  1001;  S.  Burhwold 
lictwecn  1002-1016.  The  sees  of  Cornwall  and  Crediton -ncre  united  in  1042  in  the  person  of  Lyvin^r  the  successor  of 
Burliwold,  and  the  seat  of  the  united  bishopric  was  removed  to  Exeter  in  1050  when  Leofric  became  the  first  Bishop  of 
Exeter. 


22  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 

At  this  time  Ireland  was  the  most  famous  school  of  learning  and  religion  in  Eui-ope,  perhaps 
in  the  world  ;  and  of  all  the  religious  houses  in  tliat  island  no  one  was  more  celebrated  than  the 
monastery  of  Clonai-d,  in  Meath.  Thither,  about  the  end  of  the  fifth  century,  or  the  beginning  of 
the  sixtli,  Peti-ock  proceeded  for  the  purpose  of  studjing  theology  and  the  Holy  Scriptui-es.  He 
spent  a  few  years  at  this  place  ;  but  whether  on  leaving  he  proceeded,  in  accordance  with  the 
devotional  feelings  and  custom  of  the  religious  men  of  the  age,  immediately  on  a  pilgrimage  to 
Home  and  Jerusalem,  or  whether  he  returned  first  to  Cornwall,  is  uncertain.  We  are  inclined  to 
adopt  the  first  suggestion,  and  conclude  that  he  went  direct  to  Rome  and  to  the  East  to  visit  the 
tombs  of  the  most  eminent  saints  and  martyrs,  and  more  especially  the  scenes  of  Our  Lord's  suf- 
ferings. On  his  retm-n  to  Cornwall,  accompanied  by  Credanus,  Medanus,  Dechanus,*  and  otlier 
saintly  followers,  he  landed,  it  is  said,  at  Padstow,  and  there  founded  a  religious  house  which  was 
called  Lanffanac  (Lan-Manaeh),  the  church  of  the  monks,  and  afterwards,  in  memory  of  its 
saintly  founder,  Petrocstowe,  contracted  into  Padstow.f  In  consequence,  however,  of  this  place 
being  greatly  exposed  to  tlie  ravages  of  Saxon  and  other  pii-ates,  it  is  said  that  the  monastery  was 
removed  fiirther  into  the  interior  of  the  country,  and  probably  St.  Petrock's  affection  for  Bodmin, 
as  the  place  of  the  retirement  of  his  youth,  had  no  small  share  in  determining  upon  that  place  as 
the  site  of  his  new  house,  St.  Guron  resigning  to  liim  his  hermitage.  J  Leland  says  that  Constan- 
tine,  the  successor  of  King  Arthur,  and  Teudurus,  another  cliieftain  of  renown,  aided  Petrock  in 
his  work,  and  gave  him  a  suitable  site  for  the  monastery  which  he  built. §  Here,  then,  at  Bodmin, 
he  founded  liis  monastery,  adopting  the  rule  of  St.  Benedict.  It  is  not  unlikely,  however,  that  a 
cell  was  still  retained  at  Padstow. 

It  is  stated  by  some  writers  that  St  Petrock  ||  died  at  Padstow  and  his  body  being  removed  to 
Bodmin  a  church  was  built  to  his  memory,  which  King  Edward  the  Elder,  in  a.d.  905,  made  the 
seat  of  the  episcopal  see.  AD  are  agreed,  however,  that  St.  Petrock's  bones  found  here  their 
last  resting-place  ;  and  Leland  says,  that,  upon  King  -S^thelstan's  conquest  of  Cornwall  in  92G, 
he  found  here  British  monks  following  the  rule  of  St.  Benedict,  to  whom  he  granted  such  great 
privileges  and  endowments  that  he  is  accounted  the  founder  of  tlie  monastery.  Leland  says  : 
"■  Tlie  late  priory  of  Blake  Chanons  stoode  at  the  est  ende  of  the  paroch  cliireh-yard  of  Bodmyne. 
St.  Petrocus  was  patrone  of  this,  and  sumtjone  dwellyd  ther.  There  hath  bene  monkes,  then 
nunnys,  then  seculare  prestes,  then  monkes  agayn,  and  last  canons  regulai-  in  St.  Petroke's 
chirch." 

These  variations  should  be  received  with  some  caution  ;  nevertheless  it  is  certain  tliat  the 
house  suflered  much  from  A'arious  causes  diunnir  the  first  two  or  three  centuries  after  its  founda- 
tion.    Tlie  place  was  devastated  by  the  Danes  in  the  year  981,  at  which  time  the  Bishop's  see  was 


*  Xeland  says  all  these  three  saints  were  buried  at  Bodmin.    De  Script.  Brit.  61. 

t  Padstowe  is  almost  invariably  called  Aldestowe  in  the  early  records. 

i  Leland's  Coll.  i.  75.  §  De  Script.  Brit.  41. 

II  St.  Petrock  was  greatly  venerated  by  the  British  Christians.  Many  churches  are  dedicated  to  him.  In  Cornwall 
we  have,  Bodmin,  Padstow,  Little  Petherick,  alias  St.  Petrock  Minor,  and  Trevajga;  and  in  Devon,  West  Anstey,  South 
Brent,  Clannaborough,  St.  Petrock  in  Exeter,  Holiaccmbc,  Lidford,  and  Petiockstow. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY — THE  PRIORY.  23 

removed  for  greater  security  to  St.  Germans ;  and  the  priory  suffered  much  also  from  tlie 
alienation  of  its  lauds  both  before  and  after  the  Conquest. 

We  should  here  advert  to  the  very  valuable  MS.  copy  of  the  fom-  Gospels  which  foi'merh' 
belonged  to  the  church  of  Bodmin.  It  was  purchased  by  Mr.  Eodd,  a  London  bookseller,  at  the 
sale  of  the  Wheatley  Park  Library,  near  Uxbridge,  a  few  years  ago,  and  was  sold  by  him  to  the 
British  Museum  for  thirty  guineas*  After  the  Gospels  follow  the  entries  of  forty-six  manu- 
missions of  serfs  or  villans,  which  took  place  at  the  altar  of  St.  Petrock  between  the  years  941  and 
101(3.  An  examination  of  the  names  of  the  persons  mentioned  in  the  manumissions  goes  far  to 
establish  the  fact  of  the  ascendancy,  thus  early  acquired,  of  the  Saxon  over  the  British  race ; 
indeed,  it  shows  that  the  conquest  of  Cornwall  formed  no  exception  to  the  rule  that  the  peojjle 
of  the  conquered  race  were  despoiled  generally  of  their  possessions,  and  reduced  to  slavery.  The 
names  of  most  of  the  clergy  and  witnesses  are  Saxon,  whilst  those  of  the  serfs  are  nearly  all 
British.  The  entries  commenced  in  the  reign  of  Eadmund,  who  himself,  on  two  occasions,  granted 
serfs  their  ti-eedom  on  the  altar  of  St.  Petrock. 

.Sltlielstan  is  said  to  have  been  a  great  benefactor  to  this  priory ;  but  the  earliest  grant  of 
which  we  have  any  distinct  knowledge  is  one  of  Eadred,t  who  granted  and  confirmed  to  the 
prior  and  canons  of  Bodmin  and  their  successors  for  ever  the  manor  of  Newton, J  with  its  appur- 
tenances, in  the  county  of  Devon,  free  of  all  services,  except  prayers  to  God.  Two  of  the  manu- 
missions above  referred  to  were  for  the  restoration  to  health  of  this  King,  who  died  in  955. 

In  the  time  of  King  Edward  the  Confessor  the  church  of  St.  Petrock  held  no  fewer  than 
25  manors,  which  never  paid  tax  except  to  the  church  itself.     These  manors  were — 

*  Bodmine,  now  supposed  identical  with  Bodmin. 

*  Lanwenehoc         ,,  „  St.  Enedock?  in  St.  Minver. 

*  Rieltone  ,,  ,,  Ryalton. 
Lanchehoc            „   '               „  Lanhydrock. 

t  Tiwarthel  ,,  ,,  Tywarnhayle. 

t  Elhil  „  „  Trelill?  in  St.  Juliot. 

t  Calestoch  ,,  ,,  Callestock,  in  Perranzabuloe. 

t  Cargav  „  ,,  Cargol,  in  Nowlyn. 

t  Trelloi  ,,  ,,  Treloy,  in  St.  Columb  Minor. 

t  Heglosenudcr       „  ,,  St.  Enoder,  in  St.  Enoder. 

t  Botcinni  ,,  ,,  Bossiney  of  Tintagel. 

t  Tremail  ,,  ,,  Tremeal,  in  Davidstow. 

t  Poh'ode  „  „  Polrode. 

Turgoil  ,,  ,,  Trecarrell?  in  Lozant. 

Fosnewit  ,,  „  Forsnewth,  in  St.  Clcre. 

*  Elil  „  „  Trelill,  in  St.  Kew. 

*  Adcll.  MS.  '.1.381. 

t  This  grant  is  referred  to  in  a  charter  of  'u  lien.  111.  (stt  Dugclale's  Moiiasticun,  last  ed.) 

J  Ilcnee  afterwards  called  Newton  St.  Petrock. 


24  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 

*  Wiclie,  now  supposed  identical  with  Witliiel-Goose,  in  Witliiel. 

*  Tretdeno  „  ,,  Trenewith,  in  Tintagel. 
Cudiford               „                  „  Codiford  Farlegh,  in  St.  Wenn. 

I   Tregon*  „  „  Tregonan,  in  St.  Ewe. 

X   Trefoi'noc  ,,  „  Trevornock?  in  St.  Columb. 

t  Trenhal  „  „  Treuhale,  in  St.  Erth. 

I  Talcarn  „  „  Talcarn  ?  in  Northill,  or  Minster. 

X  Tremhor  „  „'  Tremoore,  in  Lanivet. 

I   Nancliert  „  „  Lancarffe. 

I   Trionee  „  „  Treniwick,  in  Gorran. 

Of  a  large  portion  of  these  lands  the  church  had  been  despoiled  during  the  troublous  time  of 
the  Conquest,  for  it  appears  from  the  Domesday  Sm'vey,  that  at  that  date  the  only  manors  held 
by  the  priory  in  demesne  were  the  manors  marked  thus  (*).  Those  mai-ked  thus  (f)  had  been  seized 
by  the  Earl  of  Moreton  and  were  held  of  the  church,  and  those  marked  thus  (X)  had  been  taken  away 
altogether  and  were  held  by  the  said  Earl,  or  his  sub-feudatories.  Of  the  four  remaining  manors 
Cudiford  had  been  taken  away  and  was  held  by  the  king.  Lanchehoc  was  held  by  Berner  of 
St.  Petrock,  Ricard  held  Tregoil,  and  Machus  Fosnewit,t  in  the  same  manner. 

Of  the  manors  which  at  the  time  of  the  Domesday  Survey  remained  in  the  possession  of  the 
church  of  Bodmin  it  will  be  necessary  to  notice,  particularly,  on  the  present  occasion,  the  manor 
of  Bodmin  only,  of  which  the  following  is  the  record  : — "  Saint  Peti'ock  has  one  manor  which  is 
called  Bodmine,  which  the  same  saint  held  on  the  day  on  which  King  Edward  was  alive  and 
dead.  In  it  there  is  one  hide  of  land  which  at  no  time  paid  tax.  This  four  ploughs  can  plough. 
Upon  that  land  there  are  five  villans  who  have  two  ploughs  and  six  bordars  and  five  acres  of 
small  wood  and  thirty  acres  of  pasture,  and  in  the  same  manor  St.  Petrock  has  sixty  and  eight 
houses  and  one  mai-ket,  and  the  whole  together  is  worth  by  the  year  twenty-five  shillings." 

The  Earl,  in  addition  to  the  manors  beforementioned,  had  taken  away  unjustly  from  St.  Petrock 
one  hide  of  land,  "  because  of  which  King  William  ordered  that  it  should  be  held  to  judgment, 
and  that  the  saint  should  be  again  restored  to  possession,  according  to  justice." 

As  these  spoliations  must  have  very  considerably  diminished  the  revenues  of  the  priory,  we 
cannot  be  surprised  that  it  was  necessary  to  re-organise,  if  not  to  re-found,  the  house.  This  was 
accordingly  done  by  William  Warelwast,  Bishop  of  Exeter  fi-om  1107  to  113G,  who  settled  therein 
reo-ular  canons  of  the  Order  of  St.  Augustine.^  Under  the  auspices  of  Bishop  Warelwast,  it  is 
said,  by  Leland,  Algar,§  a  nobleman,  erected  the  conventual  c]iurch||  and  assisted  in  the  endow- 

*  The  Priory  of  St.  Petrock  held  also  two  manors  in  Devon,  Holecoma  (HoUacombe  in  Black  Torrington)  and 
Kietona  (Newton  St.  Petrock),  the  latter  having  been  granted  by  King  Eadrcd  as  above  stated. 

t  Fosnewit  (Fosnuthe)  was  restored  again  to  the  priory,  and  just  before  the  Dissolution  was  granted  to  John  Tubbe 
of  TrengofEe,  esq.     (See  deposition  of  William  Bere,  gent.) 

X  Their  founder,  St.  Augustine,  died  Bishop  of  Hippo  on  28th  August,  430.  His  order  of  regular  canons  dates  its 
origin  after  his  promotion  to  the  episcopate,  about  the  year  396,  and  that  of  his  hermits  about  eight  years  earlier. 

§  In  the  time  of  King  Edward  Algar  held  Tewarthal  of  the  church  of  St.  Petrock,  and  also  Henliston  Calestock, 
Trehinock,  and  Berge.     This  could  not  be  the  same.  ||  Collect,  i.  70. 


ECCLESIASTICAIi  HISTORY — THE  PRIORY.  25 

ment  of  the  establishment,*  A  dole  of  one  shilling  was  given  weekly  to  the  poor  for  the  benefit 
of  the  founder's  soul ;  a  custom  observed  initil  the  dissolution  of  the  priory.  In  its  temporal  and 
spiritual  welfai'e  his  successors  in  the  see  of  Exeter  invarialily  manifested  a  special  interest.f 

William  is  the  first  prior  of  whom  we  have  any  record.  He  witnessed  a  deed  of  Robert 
Chichester,  Bishop  of  Exeter  between  1138  and  1155,  and  his  name  occurs  again  in  1171. f 

Ror/er  was  prior  in  1177,  in  which  year  Martyn,  one  of  the  canons,  secretly  carried  away  the 
body  of  St.  Petrock  and  fled  with  it  to  the  abbey  of  St.  Mevenus,§  in  Bretagne.  With  the  powerful 
intervention  of  the  king,  and  by  the  use  of  strong  tlu'eatening  in  case  of  refusal  on  the  part  of 
Roland  de  Dinan,  justiciary  of  Britanny,||  Prior  Roger  obtained  from  the  abbot  and  monks  of 
St.  Mevenus  the  restitution  of  the  body,  and  rctui-ned  to  England  with  his  precious  charge 
inclosed  in  an  ivory  shell.  At  Winchester  it  was  brought  into  the  king's  presence,  who,  having 
seen  and  adored,  permitted  the  prior  to  return  with  it  in  peace  to  Bodmin.^  In  the  same  year, 
1177,  Roger  is  referred  to  in  a  deed  at  Tregothnan. 

King  John,  in  the  first  year  of  his  reign,  confirmed  **  to  the  prior  and  convent  of  Bodmin  all 
their  lands  and  tenements  in  woods  and  plains,  in  meadows  and  pastm'es,  in  ways  and  footways, 
in  waters  and  weirs  and  fisheries,  in  miUs  and  ponds,  in  ports  and  markets  within  boroughs  and 
without,  and  in  all  places,  to  hold  in  peace  and  quietness  to  the  said  church  of  Bodmin,  as  it  was 
freely  and  quietly  held  in  time  of  the  king's  great-grandfather  (Henry  I.),  and  of  the  king's 
father  (Henry  II.),  with  soc  and  sac,  toU  and  them,  and  infangenethef,  and  with  all  other  liberties 
and  customs  as  held  in  the  time  of  the  said  kings ;  and  the  King  granted  to  the  said  canons  the 
fishery  uj)on  the  Alan,  and  the  wood  of  Bodan,  with  appurtenances,  to  be  held  of  the  King  and 
his  heirs  in  free,  pure,  and  perjietual  alms  ;  dated  13th  Dec.  1  John. ft  The  Bishop  of  Exeter  was 
patron  of  this  priory.  We  find  a  precept  issued  to  the  Sheriflf  of  Cornwall  on  8th  April,  1215, 
commanding  him  to  jiermit  the  bishop  to  have  the  priory,  and  not  to  molest  him  therein  until  the 
bishop  should  have  showed  the  King  the  king's  charter  and  the  charters  of  his  ancestors  con- 
cerning the  same,  wliich  the  bishop  had  promised  to  do  in  a  short  space  of  tinae.JI  It  is  probable 
this  was  dm'ing  a  vacancy  in  the  priory. 

Baldwin  was  prior  about  the  year  1240.  He  is  cited  in  a  deed  of  1308  as  formerly  prior.  §§ 
He  is  also  a  witness,  together  with  Osbert,  son  of  Osbert  the  Propositus  of  Bodmin,  to  a  grant 
of  land  by  William  Roussell,  which  he  held  of  Walter  le  Beera.|||] 

Richard  was  prior  in  1255,  when  he  levied  a  fine  of  Joynan  de  Tregrenan  of  one  acre 
of  land  in  Hensens,  and  a  moiety  of  the  advowson  of  the  church  of  St.  Minver;^l[  and  in  12(59  the 

*  Do  Script.  Britan.  p.  Gl.  f  Oliver's  Mon.  Exon.  p.  1.5.  %  Trc{;othnan  Muniments. 

§  He  is  often  calleil  St.  Meen,  and  was  a  native  of  South  Wales.  He  was  appointed  by  his  relation  and  master 
St.  Sampson  to  he  abbot  of  St.  John  Baptist's  Monasteiy  (afterwards  called  St.  Mcen's)  in  the  diocese  of  St.  Male 
A.D.  500.     He  died  about  A.D.  G17.     (Oliver.) 

11  Of  the  family  of  Dinham  of  Cardinham.    Roland  died  s.p.  and  made  his  nephew  Alan  his  heir. 

^  An  account  of  this  outrage  is  given  in  Davies  Gilbert's  Ilhtnnj  nf  Cnvnrvall,  vol.  i.  p.  97;  sec  also  "Bodmin 
Register,"  pp.  11,  3oC. 

•*  For  this  confirmation  they  gave  the  King  20  marks  of  silver.     Rotuli  de  Oblatis,  A.D.  IID'J,  p.  .'59. 

tt  Charter  Rolls,  1  .lohn,  printed  ed.  C3.  XI  t'lose  Rolls,  10  .John. 

§§  Tregothnan  Muniments,  No.  1924.  ||||  Ibid.  ft  l'^^''^'^  Fi"""".  W  Hen.  III.  Mich,  No.  12, 

H 


26  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 

o-rant  was  confirmed  of  the  manor  of  Gargaul,  with  the  advowson  of  the  church  of  St.  Newlyn, 
whicli  had  been  made  by  Eoger  de  Valletort,  son  of  the  Lord  Roger  de  Valletort,  and  brother  of 
the  Lords  Reginald  and  Ralph  de  Valletort.  This  charter  was  dated  at  Bodmin  on  the  Sunday 
next  after  the  nativity  of  our  Lord  in  the  year  of  grace  1269.*  Prior  Richard  is  also  mentioned 
in  another  deed,  dated  in  1277. t 

At  the  assizes  at  Launceston,  11  Edw.  I.  (1283),  tlie  jury  presented  Henry  Cauel  and  Luke 
de  Penhal,  for  having,  in  the  second  year  of  that  king's  reign,  taken  the  Prior  of  Bodmin,  and 
imprisoned  him  until  he  should  have  settled  with  them  by  the  payment  of  40«.,  which  they  received. 
The  sheriff  was  ordered  to  arrest  them,  and  they  came  and  acknowledged  that  they  took  the  prior, 
but  pleaded  that  it  was  by  order  of  a  certain  Richard  de  Mej-ton,  who  was  the  sheriff;  and  the 
same  was  proved,  and  it  was  found  that  they  had  not  taken  an3i:hing  from  the  prior  for  their 
own  use.  I 

Bishop  Bronescombe  ruled  with  a  high  hand.  We  find  that  he  excommunicated  this  prior 
because  he  had  destrained  the  servants  of  the  bishop's  official  for  fislung  in  the  ri\er  Alan.  He 
also  excommunicated  the  bailiff  of  Pidreshire  for  taking  the  cattle  of  tlie  prior  of  Bodmin  in  his 
lay  fee  for  an  amercement;  and  when  the  bailiff  died,  caused  his  body  to  be  cast  out  of  the  church- 
yard until  his  brother  paid  a  fine  of  forty  shillings.  He  also  excommunicated  Eudo  de  Trevail, 
tlie  King's  sheriff  in  Cornwall,  for  taking  distress  by  the  King's  command  in  the  lay  fees  of  the 
bishop  and  of  the  prior  of  Bodmin  for  a  debt  due  to  the  King,  and  held  him  excommunicated  for 
two  years,  until  he  gave  a  bond  to  the  bishop  for  a  hundred  pounds.  We  are  ignorant  of  the 
date  of  this  prior's  death. 

Edmund  is  mentioned  as  being  Prior  of  Bodmin  in  1296,  and  again,  in  the  year  1302,  §  as 
having  been  sometime  ])rior,  in  a  suit  in  which  William  Herbard,  junior,  was  plaintiff,  and  Thomas 
Le  Nelder  defendant,  ||  concerning  fifteen  acres  of  land  in  Koesmadoc ;  and,  at  the  same  assize, 
the  then  prior  was  summoned  and  replied  to  the  King  of  a  plea  quo  warranto  as  to  his  claim  to 
have  gallows  and  pillory,  soc  and  sac,  toll  and  team,  view  of  frankpledge,  correction  of  broken 
assize  of  bread  and  beer,  markets  and  fairs  in  Bodmin,  and  waifs  in  the  whole  huudi-ed  of  Pidre, 
and  also  as  to  assize  of  bread  and  pleas  de  vetito  namio  in  Aldestowe  (Padstow) ;  and  also  free 

*  Bronescombc's  Register,  fos.  35  and  .36.  f  Tregothn.an  Muniments.  %  Assize  Rolls,  11  Eilw.  I. 

Note. — In  Pope  Nicholas'.s  Valuation  the  priory  was  ta.xeci  as  unitev: 

£  s.    fl. 

Mancriuni  de  Klintou  q'll  tax 8  11     0 

Apud  Biudcny*  q'd  tax :i  18     0 

Apud  Wydielf  q'd  tax 4  2     0 

Manerium  de  Bodmin  q'd  tax 7     5     0 

In  d'nico  deRedderth  dc  redd' 1  0    0 

Apud  Fosnewit  J  de  redd' 0    8    0 

Apud  Lcnydret  §  de  redd' 1     0    0 

Summa £26     4     0 


§  Assize  Roll,  Mich.  24  Edw.  I.  ||  Assize  Roll,  Mich.  30  Edw.  I. 

*  Pendevy.  f  Withicl.  J  Fosneivth.  §   Lauhydrock. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORT — THE  PRIORY.  27 

fishery  throughout  all  the  waters  of  Alan  and  Eyle.  He  had  judgment  in  his  favoiu',  as  having 
held  these  privileges  from  beyond  the  memory  of  man  unto  that  day  vcithout  interruption. 

Gen-asius  or  Germanus. — This  prior  has  left  behind  him  an  excellent  character.    In  1302*  he  -^ 

suffered  a  fine  of  Silvester  de  Tregranaran  in  the  advowson  of  the  church  of  St.  Minver.  In 
1308  he  was  enfeoffed  in  a  tenement  of  land  by  Adam  Scarlet  of  Bodmin. f  Being  oppressed  by 
ago  and  infirmities,  in  May  1310  he  resigned  his  office,  and  was  allowed,  on  his  retirement,  the 
chapel  of  St.  Margaret,  at  which  place  the  priors  of  Bodmin  had  a  residence,  cum  dominicis  et 
obventionibus  ejusdem,  the  portion  of  two  canons  for  his  table,  and  an  annuity  of  six  marks  ;  and 
a  grave  canon  was  assigned  to  him  as  a  companion.! 

John  de  Kilkltampton  was  confirmed  as  the  successor  of  jirior  German  on  20th  May  1310.  In 
the  same  year,  at  the  assizes  at  Launceston,  a  case  was  heard  whether  John  prior  of  Bodmin, 
brother  German  de  Bodmin,  and  brother  Reginald  de  Corboys,  canons  of  the  same  priory,  John 
de  Treiagu,  John  de  Tregusson,  William  de  Tenael,  Robert  de  la  Quisine  (called  in  another  record 
de  la  Cuisine),  Thomas  Anrej',  Brian  le  Clerk,  Henry  le  Long,  Stephen  Begga,  Nicholas  Ayra,  Adam 
de  Neueton,  Robert  Watta,  and  Walter  de  Penhirgard,  had  unjustly  disseised  Robert  Galahan 
of  certain  common  of  pasture  on  500  acres  of  land  in  Halgaver  down,  which  the  said  Robert 
claimed  as  belonging  to  his  fi-ee  tenement  in  Lanhydrock.  The  jurors  state  that  Halgaver  down 
is  not  a  village  nor  a  hamlet,  and  that  the  pasture  in  view  is  situated  in  Bodmin,  therefore  the 
prior  and  others  are  discharged.  § 

This  prior  met  bishop  Stapledon  at  Lostwithiel  Bridge  on  the  Saturday  after  the  feast 
of  St.  Leonard  1314,  and  stated  that  about  two  years  before  one  of  his  canons,  Odo  Denisch, 
in  an  affray  had  wounded  a  secular  clergyman,  even  to  the  effusion  of  blood ;  that  though 
the  conventual  church  and  cemetery  had  in  consequence  been  desecrated,  yet  the  commu- 
nity had  gone  on  with  the  usual  services  and  interments  as  if  nothing  had  happened,  and  he 
now  implored  the  bishop  to  reconcile  the  premises.  The  bishop  appointed  Simday  the  IGtli  for 
the  ceremony,  arrived  on  the  15th,  summoned  the  commiuiity  to  the  chapter-house,  and  fined 
them  twenty  pounds  payable  on  demand.  In  1318  another  case  was  heard  at  the  assizes  at  Laun- 
ceston to  ascertain  if  John  Prior  of  Bodmin,  brother  John  Waleys,  and  brother  William  de  la  Hyde, 
canons  of  the  same  church,  and  Hamelin  de  Eestjr,  had  unjustly,  itc.  disseized  John  Launcdwcn 
of  his  fi-ee  tenement  in  Launedwen.  The  prior  pleaded  that  the  tenement  was  in  Bodmin,  and 
not  in  Launedwen,  and  the  jury  foimd  accordingly. |i  Later  in  life  this  prior  suffered  the  con\ont 
discipline  to  be  greatly  relaxed,  and  the  community  to  be  burdened  with  enormous  expenses  and 
debts.     This  drew  from  Bishop  GrandLson  a  severe  reprimand  and  injunction,  dated  1347.11 

Dm'ing  the  time  of  this  prior  great  strife  arose  between  him  and  the  inhabitants  of  Bodmin. 
Whether  this  occurred  in  consequence  of  a  rising  spirit  of  independence  and  lawless  resistance 
to  authority  on  the  part  of  the  inhabitants,  or  whether  in  consequence  of  unjust  oppression  on  the 

*  Pedes  Finiura,  30  Edw.  I.  Miili.  No.  l:!. 

t  Trcgothnan  Mnnimciits.     This  was  probably  the  tenement  in  which  is  situated  a  well  of  exceedingly  pnre  water, 
called  "  Scarlet's  Well,"  about  a  mile  h-om  Uodiuin  lower  down  the  valley.      Sri:j>oft. 

t  Stapledon's  Register,  f.  51.  §  Assize  Rolls,  8  Edw.  II. 

II  A.ssizc  Rolls,  11  Edw.  II.  ^  Grandism's  Ros.  vol.  i.  p.  I4."j  b. 


28  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 

part  of  the  prior,  or  in  his  asserting  his  just  right  in  an  arbitrary  manner,  is  not  very  evident ; 
but  certainly  much  contention  took  place.  In  134.5  the  prior  complained*  to  the  king  that 
William  Skore,t  Eiehard  Skore,  Joceus  Bere,  John  Taillour,  Roger  Taillour,  Stephen  Pycher- 
maker,  John  Baby,  and  others,  distm-bed  the  fi'ee  fishing  of  the  prior  in  the  river  Alan,  at 
Rusuyleyn,  and  fished  by  force,  and  took  there  the  fish,  nets,  and  other  engines  for  fishing,  to  the 
value  of  lOOL,  and  carried  them  away ;  that  they  also  besieged  the  priory  many  times,  so  that  the 
prior's  servants  did  not  dare  to  go  out  to  procm'e  victuals  and  do  other  services  for  the  prior  ;  that 
they  also  made  an  assault  upon  the  men  and  servants  of  the  jirior,  so  that  some  of  them  were 
maimed,  and  the  prior  lost  their  services  for  a  long  time. 

The  prior  also  lodged  another  complaint  *  at  the  same  time,  that,  notwithstanding  that  he  and 
all  his  predecessors  had  had,  from  time  out  of  mind,  the  view  of  frankpledge  within  the  town  of 
Bodmin,  with  all  things  pertaining  thereto,  and  the  riglit  to  determine  pleas,  transgressions, 
citations,  and  detentions  arising  from  all  residents  within  the  town  in  his  court  there,  Adam 
Martyn,  mayor,  William  Peny,  bailifiP,  William  Scor,  John  atte  Pole,  Roger  Carbura,  John 
Caballa,  and  many  others  whom  he  named,  had  disturbed  the  peace  and  resisted  the  right  of  the 
prior,  preventing  tlie  inhabitants  from  answering  befoi-e  him  their  pleas,  to  the  injiuy  of  the  prior 
of  200/.  and  the  disinheriting  of  his  church  of  St.  Petrock.  Commissions  of  oyer  and  terminer 
were  granted  by  the  king  at  Eedyng  on  6  July,  10  Edw.  III.* 

In  the  year  1348  Bodmin  suffered  from  a  visitation  of  the  plague,  to  which  the  prior  and  all 
the  canons,  save  two,  fell  victims.  The  priory  being  thus  vacant,  the  friars  Roger  de  Honiton 
and  William  de  Tregawithan,  as  canons  of  the  priory,  adcU'essed  a  letter  to  the  bishop,  dated 
17  March,  representing  that  all  the  other  canons,  their  brethren,  in  the  time  of  the  pestilence  in 
the  midst  of  them,  being  struck  down,  they  only  surviving,  left  as  orphans,  and  that  it  was 
necessary  for  the  preservation  of  the  priory  that  a  prior  should  be  quickly  provided.  An  inqui- 
sition was  taken  at  Lostwithiel  on  the  following  day,  March  18,  1348-9,  before  John  Dabernoun, 
keeper  of  the  fees  of  Edward  Prince  of  Wales,  by  virtue  of  a  writ  addi-essed  by  the  prince  to  the 
said  keeper.  The  jury  found  that  the  priory  of  Bodmin  was  an  ancient  religious  house,  founded 
from  time  immemorial  by  one  of  the  kings  of  England,  whose  name  was  unknown  to  them ;  that 
from  time  beyond  the  memory  of  man,  the  Bishop  of  Exeter  for  the  time  being  held  the  jjatronago 
of  the  same  priory  with  its  custody  in  the  time  of  vacancy ;  that  the  Prior  of  Bocbniu  and  his 
convent  held  no  lands  or  tenements  in  chief  of  the  said  Prince  Edward  ;  that  the  whole  of  the 
manor  of  Realton,  and  the  bailiwick  of  the  hundred  of  Pydresliire  belonging  to  the  same  manor, 
and  the  manors  of  Pendevy,J  Raunledcc,  and  Kells,  with  the  town  of  Bodmin  and  the  town  of 

*  Pat.  Rolls,  19  Edw.  ni.  p.  2,  m.  23  and  31,  a  tei-go. 

t  Many  of  the  persons  named  were  of  the  principal  families  of  the  town,  and  held  the  highest  offices  of  trust  and 
responsibility.  William  Skore  had  lieen  bm-gess  in  Parliament  11  Edw.  III.  John  Baby,  perhaps  the  father  of  the  person 
complained  of,  was  burgess  26  Edw.  I.,  Roger  Carbura  in  6,  12,  and  21  Edw.  III.,  and  John  Caballa  in  the  ninth  of  the 
same  King's  reign. 

X  In  the  time  of  King  Edward  the  Confessor  the  manor  of  Pendavy  was  a  member  of  the  manor  of  Blisland,  and 
consequently  ancient  demesne,  but  had  been  taken  away  at  the  Conquest,  and  at  the  time  of  Domesday  Survey  was  held 
l>y  Boia  the  priest  of  Bodinin  under  the  Earl  of  Moreton.     Sec  ante,  p.  28. 

The  priors  of  Bodmin  liud  a  chapel  at  Pendavy  dedicated  to  St.  Nicholas.     Stafford's  Reg.  vol.  i.  09. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  niSTOUT — TUB  PRIORY. 


29 


Petrockstow  (Padstow),  ami  all  other  their  lauds  and  tenements,  were  held  in  free,  pure,  and 
perpetual  almoigue.  Also  that  no  king,  earl,  or  any  one  who  had  the  state  of  king  in  the  county 
of  Cornwall,  took,  or  had,  any  government  or  profit  during  the  vacancy  of  the  said  priory;  and 
that  John  (de  Kilkhampton),  prior  of  the  house  aforesaid,  died  on  Friday  next  after  the  Feast  of 
St.  Peter  in  Cathedra,*  then  last  past.f 

It  is  not  prohable  that  the  bishop  was  influenced  by  the  finding  of  the  jury.  There  was  not 
sufficient  time  for  him  to  have  become  acquainted  with  it,  but,  acting  upon  the  right  which  the 
jury  found  he  possessed,  on  the  19th  March,  he  wrote  a  letter  to  the  Prior  of  Launceston,  stating 
that  the  canons  of  Bodmin  had  represented  that  they  had  been  deprived  of  all  their  brethren,  they 
only  remaining,  and  had  transfei-red  to  him  the  full  power  to  appoint  a  prior  (without  the  usual 
election) ;  and,  appreciating  their  inability  to  help  themselves,  he  had  made  choice  of  Friar 
Ogericus  Bant,J  Canon  of  Launceston, §  .so  that  he  might  preside  over  the  priory  of  Bodmin  use- 
fully and  profitably  to  tlie  honour  of  God.     His  election  was  accordingly  duly  perfected. || 

Orcfericus,  or  Augerus,  Bant  was  inducted  into  the  ])riory  on  the  22d  March,  1348-9.  He 
seems  to  have  been  rather  a  zealous  litigant.  His  name  occurs  as  plaintiff  in  several  suits  at  the 
coui't  of  the  Stannary  of  Blackmoor,  held  at  Lostwithiel,  on  Monday  next  after  the  Feast  of 
tiie  Ascension  of  Our  Lord  1350.11  Some  time  afterwards  this  prior  incurred  suspension ;  but, 
upon  his  proper  submission,  his  seal  of  office  was  restored  to  him  on  20th  March,  1361-2. 
In  13G2,  under  the  designation  of  "Augerus,  Prior  de  Bodmyn,"  he  was  one  of  the  defendants 
in  an  assize  of  novel  desseisin,  at  the  suit  of  one  Ralf  Colyn  de  Treguntulyan,  for  having  disseised 
the  said  Half  of  his  fi'ce  tenement  in  Treguntulyan,  near  Trewyhelek.** 

WiUiani  CariieUow,  alias  Carminow,  occurs  as  prior  May  29,  1373.  ff  On  1st  August,  1379, 
we  find  that  a  sum  of  21.  was  issued  out  of  the  Exchequer  to  the  king's  sergeant-at-anns,  sent 
into  Cornwall  to  arrest  this  Prior,  John  Trevarthian,  and  John  his  sou,  and  others,  for  certain 
misprisions  by  them  committed  against  the  king's  peace.Jt  It  is  presumed  that,  upon  examination, 
it  was  not  found  that  he  liad  been  guilty  of  any  great  offence,  for  soon  afterwards  the  king  granted 
to  the  prior  and  convent  a  charter  of  confirmation,  reciting  by  inspeximus  a  charter  of  17  John, 
in  which  the  king  takes  charge  of  the  priory,  and  orders  the  sheriffs  to  protect  it  as  the  king's  o\\-n 
demesne;  recites  also  the  confirmation  charter  of  13  Edw.  I.,  in  which  are  recited  a  charter  of 
1  John,  and  also  a  charter  "  scriptum  nupcr  fiictum  "  of  Richard  Earl  of  Cornwall  (without  date), 
in  which  the  earl  grants  to  the  prior  and  convent  of  Bodmin  that  tlicir  burgesses  shall  be  toll  free, 
and  may  buy  and  sell  every  kind  of  merchandize  throughout  all  the  towns  of  Cornwall,  and  have 
a  guild  merchant,  as  they  then  had  and  had  been  accustomed  to  have,  on  the  annual  payment  of. 
-\Qs.  and  40(7.  atlornato  sua :  and  that  when  any  one  in  the  town,  having  been  duly  presented  to 

*  The  feast  of  Peter  in  Cathedra  at  Antioch  was  observed  on  22nd  February.  t  Grandison's  Reg.  vol.  iii.  p.  1(;5. 

J  The  name  of  Bant  i.s  still  not  uncommon  in  the  neighbourhood  of  Launceston. 

§  lie  is  mentioned  as  Canon  of  Launceston  in  an  Assize  Roll  of  17  Edw.  IIL  (1.34;i),  and  appears  then  to  have  been  tlie 
senior  canon  under  Prior  Adam  de  Knolle,  who  resigned  in  IlilG. 

II  Grandison's  Reg.  vol.  i.  p.  110.  1[  Court  Rolls,  Augmentation  Office. 

**  Assize  Roll,  35  Edw.  III.  ft  Brentingham'.s  Reg.  vol.  i.  p.  35. 

XX  Issue  Rolls  of  the  Exch.  Exeter  3  Ric.  II.  Devon,  p.  213. 

I 


30  PAEISH  OF  BODMIX. 

the  guild,  had  remained  there  for  a  year  and  a  day  without  denial,  according  to  the  custom  of  the 
town,  he  should  afterwards,  if  questioned,  abide  in  the  liberty  of  the  town.  This  is  the  first 
confirmation  of  the  guild  merchant.* 

During  the  government  of  this  prior  great  quarrels  arose  between  the  prior  and  convent  and 
Vi  illiam  Cornwall,  vicar  of  Egloshaile,  respecting  a  claim  made  by  the  former  to  a  pension  of 
40s.  a  year,  payable  to  the  convent  out  of  the  vicarage,  and  also  a  claim  made  by  the  vicar  to 
certain  "  hearths  "  in  the  wood  of  Vymme,  as  due  to  the  vicarage.  These  suits  seem  to  have  been 
pursued  with  great  animosity  both  in  the  ecclesiastical  and  secular  courts  ;  and  so  great  was  the 
enmity  engendered  between  the  parties,  that  the  vicar  complained  to  the  Bishop  of  Exeter 
(Edmund  Stafford)  that  he  did  not  dare  to  reside,  personally,  on  his  vicarage,  on  account  of  the 
corporal  injuries,  &e.,  to  which  he  was  subjected  by  the  prior  and  convent,  and  their  retainers  and 
abettors.  The  bishop,  considering  that  the  vicar  was  only  faithfully  defending  the  title  of  his 
vicarage,  dispensed  with  his  residence  as  required  by  the  canon  on  condition  of  his  appointing  a 
fit  curate  to  serve  during  the  time  of  his  absence.  The  vicar,  however,  preseiitly  (1400)  ex- 
changed with  Richard  Coventre  of  Bathenester ;  and  it  is  presumed  that  his  successor  yielded  to 
the  demands  of  the  priory,  for  the  pension  of  40.s.  a-year  out  of  the  vicarage  of  Egloshaile  is  found 
among  the  revenues  of  the  priory  at  the  time  of  its  dissolution.f 

Prior  AVilliam  Caruellow's  name  occurs  in  the  Assize  Roll  for  1396.  J  He  died  at  aii  advanced 
age  on  10  Nov.  1403.  The  proceedings  taken  upon  his  death  are  set  forth  in  the  Ef)iscopal 
Registers,  and  a  brief  abstract  of  them,  as  illustrative  of  the  course  pursued  in  such  cases,  will 
not,  it  is  believed,  be  witliout  interest. 

Only  fom-  days  after  the  prior's  death  we  find  the  bishop  deputing  to  the  superiors  of  the 

•  Chart.  Rolls,  13  Edw.  I.  Ko.  78.  m.  3. 

t  We  have  no  date  for  this  paper,  but,  inasmuch  as  Edmund  Stafford  was  consecrated  in  1395  and  William  Comwalle 
resigned  in  140(),  it  must  he  between  those  years. 

I  Assize  Roll,  20  Rich.  II. 

Note. — In  the  latter  part  of  the  fovirteenth  century  the  church  was  greatly  disturbed  by  the  proceedings  of  the  Lollards 
and  Wickliffites,  whose  zeal  and  piety  commended  them  generally  to  the  people.  William  Courtenay,  Archbishop  of  Can- 
terbury, immediately  upon  his  elevation  to  the  metropolitical  throne,  summoned  a  council  in  London  for  the  pm^jose  of 
investigating  their  tenets,  when  they  were  pronounced  to  be  heretical,  and  vigorovis  proceedings  were  taken  to  suppress 
them.  These  zealots  extended  even  into  the  far  west.  In  1382  a  commission  was  directed  to  the  Trior  of  Bodmin  and 
others  by  Thomas  Brentingham,  Bishop  of  Exeter,  reciting  that  it  had  come  to  his  cars  that  a  certain  Laurence  Bedeman 
of  Bodmin,  who  goeth  in  vestments  (that  is,  as  a  priest),  and,  having  entered  the  bishop's  fold  secretly  with  fraud  and 
stealthily  under  the  feigned  image  of  holiness,  with  foxlike  craft,  endeavours  in  his  public  and  private  discourses  to  turn 
aside  the  bishop's  sheep,  and  to  lead  them  into  various  errors  and  heresy  ;  therefore,  "  being  desirous  to  chase  away  such 
fox  from  our  fold  lest  he  worry  om-  sheep,'"  the  bishop  commissions  the  prior,  &c.,  and  firmly  enjoyns  them  with  authority 
carefully  to  euquire  wheresoever  and  n  hat  things  the  said  Laurence  in  church,  or  in  other  places  in  Cornwall,  may  have 
preached,  said,  or  proffered  to  the  Bishop's  sons  and  subjects,  and  also  to  enquire,  generally,  for  heretics  both  in  places 
where  the  said  Laurence  Bedeman  had  preached  openly,  or  lectured  secretly,  as  elsewhere,  and  to  certify  the  same  to  the 
bishop  by  the  Feast  of  St.  Michael  by  their  letters  patent  containing  the  scries  of  things,  and  also  what  things  the  said 
false  prophet  Laurence,  or  any  other,  may  have  preached  against  the  Catholic  faith  and  the  articles  thereof,  and  also  the 
names  and  surnames  of  all  who  might  have  fallen  to  the  heresies  of  this  man  or  others;  and  further  instructing  them  to 
cite  the  said  Laurence  to  appear  before  the  bishop  at  his  manor  of  Clyst,  on  the  Thiu-sday  next  after  the  Feast  of  the 
Exaltation  of  the  Holy  Cross Brcntingham's  Reg.  vol.  i.  f.  101. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY — THE  PUIORT.  31 

priory,  and  to  Noel  PatreJa,  seneschal  of  tlie  bisliop's  lands  in  Cornwall,  the  custody  of  the 
jiriory ;  that  the  priory,  as  well  in  spiritual  as  in  temporal  things,  might  sustain  no  damage,  its 
custody  during  a  vacancy  of  right  pertaining  to  the  bishop.*  On  the  same  day  he  wrote  to  the 
superiors  of  the  convent,  I'eferring  to  their  letter  transmitted  to  him  tlu'ough  Friar  John  Spernoii 
of  their  house,  signifying  the  death  of  Friar  William  Carnellov,  late  prior,  and  requesting  permis- 
sion to  elect  a  new  prior ;  and  stating  that  the  bishop  was  pleased  to  grant  their  request,  and 
beseeching  them  to  proceed  to  the  work,  laying  aside  all  earthly  favour  and  hatred.f  The  canons 
accordingly  proceeded  to  the  election,  and  made  choice  of  brother  Alan  Keneg}'.  The  decree  of 
the  election  was  presented  to  the  bishop,  in  the  chapel  of  his  manor  of  Chudleigh,  by  brother  John 
HaiTy,  senior  canon  of  the  priory  and  procurator  in  this  business,  on  14  Doc.  The  prior  elect 
was  then  examined  by  the  bishop  in  literature,  and,  being  found  sufficient,  on  the  same  day  it  was 
commanded  to  Sir  John  Rescarreck,  rector  of  St.  Mabyn,  and  Sir  John  Stephyn,  vicar  of  thi! 
parochial  church  of  Bodmin,  to  certify  to  the  bishop  on  the  22  Dec,  and  proclamation  was 
accordingly  made  of  the  same  and  the  election  was  confirmed. J  On  the  22  Dec.  the  bishop 
communicated  to  brother  Alan  Kenegv  that  he  had  examined  the  return  made  by  the  convent  and 
found  it  to  be  correct ;  that  he,  the  said  Alan,  had  been  truly  elected,  and  that  the  bishop  confirmed 
the  same  ;  and,  on  the  same  day,  letters  mandatory  for  the  induction  and  installation  were  accord- 
ingly issued.  § 

Alan  Kenegy  being  thus  confirmed  as  prior  on  22nd  December  1403,  on  the  14th  February 
in  the  same  year  (1403-4)  we  find  a  licence  granted  to  him  to  have  the  divine  offices  celebrated  in 
his  presence  in  the  chapel  of  St.  Nicholas  within  his  lordship  of  Pendevy,  in  the  parish  of  Eglos- 
hailo,||  from  which  we  conclude  that  he  was  occasionally  resident'  in  that  manor.  On  the  23rd 
May  1405  he  was  granted  leave  of  absence  for  three  years  to  visit  Oxford  for  the  purpose  of 
studj".^  Prior  Alan  held  his  office  for  thirty-three  years,  when,  in  consequence  of  ago  and  in- 
firmity, he  resigned.  A  notification  to  this  effect  was  made  to  the  bishop  on  lOtli  September 
1435,  bj-  brother  William  Mulling,  sub-prior,  and  on  the  sixteenth  licence  was  given  for  a  now 
election,  the  sub-prior  and  John  Cock,  seneschal  of  the  bishop's  lands  in  Cornwall,  meanwhile 
being  constituted  guardians  of  the  priory.  William  Vy  vyan,  a  brother  of  the  house,  was  elected 
prior  in  the  room  of  Alan  Kenegy,  and  the  electioji  was  duly  confirmed.** 

William  Vyi'yan  succeeded  on  the  8th  October,  1435.  During  his  superiority  a  Robert 
Oliver  signalized  himself  amongst  the  benefactors  to  the  priory.  By  deed,  dated  24  April,  1451, tt 
besides  giving  a  sum  of  lOOL  in  hand,  he  was  at  the  expense  of  bl.  for  a  new  window  and  of  its 
entire  glazing  in  the  conventual  church,  and  spent  other  bl.  in  removing  and  setting-up  the  I'ood 
tlierc.  He  further  contributed  8/.  and  upwards  for  masses  to  be  said  during  the  period  of  four 
years,  and  gave  a  chalice,  vestments,  and  other  ornaments  for  the  altar  under  the  north  side  of 
the  rood-loft,  where  those  masses  were  to  be  celebrated,  as  also  a  bell  to  ring  for  such  masses. 
This  prior  must  have  died  late  in  14G1,  or  early  in  1462. 

Thomas  [Courtcs]  occui-s  as  prior  in  three  deeds  dated  in   14t)2.:tJ     On  8  Nov.  14()3  he 

•  Stafford's  Ecg.  f.  71.  f  Il-iJ-  f-  72.  t  Ibid. 

§  Ibid.  f.  73.  II  Ibid.  %  Ibid.  £.  lo.  **  Lacy'.s  Reg.  f.  13G-S. 

tt  Ibid.  vol.  iii.  p.  445.  %%  Ntjvyll's  Register,  f.  51. 


32  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 

addressed  a  letter  to  Bishop  Nexyll,  undertaking  to  maintain  for  the  remainder  of  his  days  John 
Polstak,  who,  in  consequence  of  extreme  old  age  and  increasing  infirmity,  was  anxious  to  resign 
Iiis  benefice  of  St.  Cuthbert.  On  this  pledge  the  bishop  accepted  John  Polstak's  resignation.* 
Prior  Tliomas  is  fiirther  mentioned  in  a  grant,  dated  7  Oct.  1474,t  of  a  pension  of  four  marks, 
payable  out  of  his  demesne  and  manor  of  Pende\y,  to  Tiiomas  Eyre,  gent.,  and  Leo  his  son,  for 
good  coimsel,  &c.,  rendered,  and  afterwards  to  be  rendered,  by  the  said  Thomas  to  the  prior  and 
convent.  The  prior's  surname,  however,  is  not  given  in  those  documents ;  but  we  find  him,  in 
1478,:J;  described  as  Tliomas  Cotiries,  prior  of  the  house  and  church  of  St.  Peti-ock  of  BodmjTi,  as 
complainant  against  Richard  Conyell,  in  a  plea  of  debt  Prior  Tliomas  must  have  died  soon  after- 
wards, for  we  find  that — 

John  Wi/Uiam  appears  as  prior  on  30  Sept.  1480.  Although  in  holy  orders  he  seems  to  have 
been  of  a  turbulent  disposition.  It  is  shown  in  the  court  roll  of  the  Stannary  of  Blackmoor,  held 
at  Lostwithiel  on  the  day  above  mentioned,  that  this  prior,  dpscribed  also  as  a  clerk,  together  with 
Richard  Nakes  and  John  Valty,  canons  of  the  priory  church ;  John  Best,  of  Bodmin,  tailor ; 
Tliomas  Lawrans,  of  Wythiel,  yeoman ;  Robert  Curteys,  of  Bodmyn,  groom ;  and  many  other 
malefactors  unknown,  numbering  more  than  sixty  persons,  arrayed  in  the  manner  of  war  with 
cross-bows,  arrows,  swords,  jacks,  helmets  (sallettes),  brygadiiies,  &c.,  were  found  by  the  jury, 
riotously,  and  against  the  peace  of  the  prince,  to  have  come  to  the  tin -work  of  Polgurtes,  in  tlie 
moor  of  Enysworgy,  and  to  have  entered  the  mine  there  contrary  to  the  franchises  and  customs  of 
the  Com-t  of  the  Stannaries.  §  A  precept  was  issued  to  the  bailiff  to  attach  the  prior  and  his 
associates,  and  during  the  next  two  years  we  find  him  appearing  continually  before  the  court  to 
answer  for  his  conduct  in  this  matter.  (|  "When  he  ceased  to  be  prior  we  have  no  knowledge. 
Dr.  Oliver  says  :% — "  We  meet  with  him  again  in  1503,"  but  he  omits  to  quote  his  authority.  It 
is  with  great  diffidence  we  question  the  accuracy  of  this  usually  carcftil  author,  but  we  cannot 
help  thinking  that,  in  this  case,  there  must  be  some  mistake,  for  we  find  that  the  first  witness  to  a 
deed,  dated  20  February,  9  Hen.  VII.  (1494),  (whereby  Richard  Flamank,  Esq.  and  John  Wattye, 
merchant,  convey  certain  premises  in  Brysshute  Lane),  signs  himself — 

WiUielmo  John  Priore  jyrioratus  Bodnvjn.  These  two  names  so  closely  resemble  each  other 
as  to  induce  the  suspicion  that  they  refer  to  the  same  person,  but  fi-om  various  circumstances  we  are 
led  to  believe  that  they  were  distinct.  Under  the  date  of  1508  we  find  the  act  of  confirmation  of 
Thomas  Vivian  as  prior  of  Bodmin,  upon  the  death  of  William  John,  last  prior.**  Tliis  must  be 
tJic  same  prior  mentioned  by  Dr.  Oliver  as  William  Jones,  as  having  died  in  the  spring  of  1508, 
whose  admission,  he  says,  is  not  recorded,  ff 

•  NeTTll's  Reg.  f.  21.  f  Boothe's  Reg.  f.  77. 

%  Conrt  EoU  of  the  Stannary  of  Penwith  and  Kerrier,  17  Edw.  TV. 

§  An  extract  from  this  record  was  printed  by  Edward  Smirke,  esq.  Vice- Warden  of  the  Stannaries,  in  the  appendix 
to  his  report  of  the  case  of  Vice  v.  Thomas  (1843). 

II  There  are  many  other  cases  within  this  period  in  which  this  prior  occnrs  in  these  Court  Rolls  both  as  plaintiff  and 
"lefendant,  e.g.:  21  Edw.  IV.  "John  Wylliam,  prior  of  the  house  and  church  of  St.  Petrock  of  Bodmj-n,  complains 
concerning  William  Ostyler  in  a  plea  of  trespass."  Again:  "Richard  Boscawen  and  Darid  Tregarrek  complain 
concerning  John  Wylliam,  prior  of  the  house  and  church  of  St.  Petrock  of  Bodmyn,  and  Eichard  Sken7S  in  a  plea  of 
seizing  goods  and  chatcls." 

*i  Mon.  Dio.  Exon.  p.  17.  ••  Oldham's  Register,  p.  22.  ff  Men.  Dio.  Kxon.  p.  17. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY — THE  PRIORY.  33 

Thomas  Vivian,  tlie  sub-prior,  was  elected  prior  on  the  13tli  April,  1508,  and  confirmed  b}' 
the  bishop  at  Clyst.*  In  1516  he  procui-ed  the  institution  of  his  brother,!  also  called  Thomas 
Viviiin,  to  the  vicai'age  of  Bodmin  ;  and  soon  afterwards  Prior  Vivia«i  was  consecrated  Bishop  of 
Megara  (in  partibus  infideliuni),  to  enable  him  to  act  as  suffragan  to  Bishop  Oldham.  In  that 
ca])acity  he  held  an  ordination  in  Exeter  Cathedral  on  the  30th  May,  1518.  On  ICth  June,  1519, 
he  consecrated  the  chapel  of  St.  Christiana  de  Stowe,  in  the  parish  of  Kilkhampton.  His  signa- 
ture occurs  to  a  deed  of  award  made  at  Bodmin  on  the  24th  September  in  the  same  year,  "  p 
me  Thomam  Megarensem  Epun."  The  seal  a]H)eiulant  represents  him  in  a  suppHcatory  posture 
before  the  Virgin  ]\Iother  and  the  Divine  Child.  He  held  many  ordinations  in  the  conventual 
eluu'ch  at  Bodmin.  J 

It  has  been  said§  that  Prior  Vivian,  in  order  to  support  his  episcopal  dignity,  was  preferred 
to  several  benefices.  The  motive  thus  attributed  for  his  preferment  is  not,  however,  altogether 
borne  out  b^'  the  facts  of  the  case.  "We  find  that  ho  was  collated  to  the  vicarage  of  Egloshaile  on 
the  31st  August,  1509,  ||  little  more  than  a  year  after  his  installation  as  prior,  and  ten  years  before 
he  attained  episcopal  rank.  In  15231  he  was  instituted  to  the  Bodmin  prebend  in  the  church  of 
Endellion,  which  was  in  the  patronage  of  his  house,  and  it  is  perhaps  worthy  of  notice  that  on 
his  death  in  1533  **  William  Vyvyan  made  the  next  2)rescntation,  pro  lu'te  vice,  by  virtue  of  agi'ant 
from  the  prior  and  convent  of  Bodmin.  Besides  those  preferments  Prior  Vivian  was  instituted 
to  the  rectory  of  Withiel,  the  patronage  of  which  benefice  was  also  vested  in  the  prior  and 
con^■ent  of  Bodmin,  and  he  is  stated  to  have  rebuilt  the  church  and  parsonage-house  of  that 
parish,  ft 

Prior  A'ivian  is  represented  to  liave  been  a  man  of  an  arrogant  and  arbitrary  temperament, 
covetous  in  acquisition,  though  lavish  in  expcnditm'e.  He,  as  we  have  noticed,  engrossed  to 
himself  several  ecclesiastical  benefices,  but  liberally  expended  large  sums,  probably  to  the  impove- 
rishment of  the  priory,  in  buildings  and  restorations.  Besides  Withiel  church  and  parsonage, 
M-hicli  we  have  noticed,  he  rebuilt  the  manor-house  of  Rialton  in  St.  Columb.  The  greater  part 
of  his  \Aork  was  dcstroj'cd  by  fire  shortly  before  Borlase  wrote,  but  a  considerable  portion  still 
remains,  which  is  now  occupied  hj  a  farm-house.  In  many  parts  the  carvings  of  Ids  arms  and 
his  initials  T.  V.  bear  evidence  of  his  munificence. 

We  have  seen  that  the  burgesses  of  Bodmin  were  inclined  to  be  insuboi'dinate  and  unrulj'at  a 
much  earlier  period  than  that  with  which  we  are  now  dealing,  and  strife  soon  arose  between  them 
and  their  haughty  lord.  The  si>irit  of  self-^^•ill  and  impatience  of  control  which  in  our  day  arc  so 
rampant  had  thus  early  begun  to  show  itself.  The  burgesses  resisted  the  authority  of  the  prior, 
and  endeavoured  by  petition  to  the  King  to  subvert  certain  rights  and  franchises  of  the  priory 
and  its  authority  over  the  town,  which  had  been  derived  from  roj'al  charters  and  from  immemo- 
rial usage. 

*  Oldham's  Reg.  fo.  22.  f  So  it  appears  from  a  iictition  of  the  townsmen,  sec  post. 

%  Vescy's  Reg.  vol.  i.     It  is  hclicTeil  that  the  last  ordination  held  here  was  ou  the  16th  March,  1538-9,  by  William 
Bishop  of  Hippo.     Oliver,  Monast.  Exon.  p.  17  n.  §  Mon.  E.\on.  p.  17. 

II  Oldham's  Reg.  f.  34.  ^  ll,id.  t.  17.  «*  Ibid.  f.  07. 

tt  Cornwall  Keg.  p.  4iy.     Ly sons,  120. 

K 


34  PABISH  OF  BODMIN. 

Among  the  corporation  mnniments  are  copies  of  three  petitions  or  memorials  from  the  towns- 
men to  King  Henry  VIII.  against  the  prior.  As  these  documents  have  been  printed  in  extenso 
by  the  late  Rev.  John  Wallis,*  it  will  suffice  to  state  here  thus  much. 

The  burgesses  rejected  the  authority  of  the  prior,  calling  themselves  "  the  King's  burgesses 
and  no  man's  else;"  they  claimed  against  the  prior  certain  lime-pits  in  Bcrrycome,  alleging  that 
the  mayor  and  burgesses  had  received  them  as  the  gift  and  grant  of  one  Eoger  Martyn,  sometime 
a  bui-gess  of  Bodmin ;  they  stated  that  Dynmure  "Wood  was  ever  open  for  all  biu-gesses  and 
inhabitants  of  Bodmin  till  then  of  late,  as  well  for  all  manner  and  kind  of  their  beasts  to  common 
therein,  as  to  have  the  burden  wood  to  bear  and  carry  away  upon  their  backs  of  lop,  crop,  and 
bag  wood  without  contradiction,  let,  or  disturbance  of  any  manner  of  persons ;  always  reserving 
to  the  prior  and  his  successors  the  stems  of  the  trees  for  their  fuel  and  building,  and  that  the 
burgesses  never  knew  of  any  prior  there  that  ever  sold,  coaled,  or  cut  any  wood  in  Dynmure, 
saving  only  this  i^rior. 

The  burgesses  further  complained  that  the  town  of  Bodmin,  being  but  one  parish  and  con- 
taining 1,800  houselying  people,  the  prior  had  the  parsonage  appropriated  to  liis  house,  and  there 
being  in  the  town  two  chapels,  one  of  St.  Thomas  f  and  the  other  of  St.  Leonard,  to  the  intent  that 
some  of  the  parishioners,  being  far  from  the  chiu'ch,  should  have  mass  in  the  said  chapels  on 
Wednesdays  and  Satmxlays  for  ever,  and  that  there  had  been  lands,  of  about  the  value  of  ix*^  a-year, 
given  to  the  predecessors  of  the  said  prior  so  that  they  should  cause  the  said  masses  to  be  sung 
there ;  and  that  this  prior  received  the  protits  of  the  lands  and  found  no  priest  to  sing  there. 

That  whereas  the  vicar  of  the  parish,  brother  of  the  prior,  was  departed  fi-om  the  vicarage  and 
lay  in  London,  where,  by  citation,  &c.,  he  procm-ed  unjust  vexation  against  the  inhabitants,  tlie 
prior,  in  the  absence  of  the  vicar,  had  appointed  one  Sir  Thomas  Hayly,  a  priest  of  ill-living  and 
disposition,  to  serve  the  cure. 

That  one  Roger  Martyn,  ancestor  of  Trefusis  and  Wynter,  was  seized  of  lands  in  Byrcombe 
as  burgage  land,  and  devised  the  same  to  the  mayor  and  burgesses  to  be  prayed  for  in  the  parish 
church  of  St.  Petrock,  of  which  lands  the  prior  made  claim. 

That  the  prior  was  a  great  farmer  of  benefices,  and  of  other  tcmjioral  lands,  and  a  great 
incloser ;  and  that  he  misused  himself  in  speaking  slanders  and  opprobrious  words  against  the 
township. 

These  fragmentary  extracts  are  of  com-se  ex  parte,  but  they  will  serve  to  show  the  state  of 
feeling  which  existed  in  the  town  towards  the  prior. 

Prior  Vivian  died  on  Pentecost  Sunday,  June  1,  1533,  and,  according  to  Leland,  was  biu'ied 
"  before  the  high  altar  of  the  priory,  in  a  high  tumbe  of  a  very  darkesche  gray  marble."  | 

John  St/mons  was  by  the  brethren  of  the  house  elected  prior  in  the  chapel  of  the  Blessed 
Virgin  Mary  within  tlie  said  prioiy,  and  was  presented  to  the  bishop  for  institution  by  the  hands 

*  Bodmin  Keg.  p.  298  et  seq. 

t  This  would  seem  to  imply  that  there  was  another  chapel  dedicated  to  St.  Thomas  besides  that  in  the  chnrchrard, 
and  this  is  apparently  confirmed  by  the  number  of  guilds. 
X  Leland's  Itin.  vol.  iii.;  Vesey's  Keg.  vol.  i.  f.  67. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY — THE  PRIORY.  35 

of  Matthew  Colyns,  notary  public  and  jiroeurator  of  tlio  brotlierliood,  and  was  by  the  bishop  duly 
confirmed  and  appointed  prior  on  6  July,  1533.  He  is  stated  to  have  resigned  in  the  followinrr 
spring  upon  a  pension  of  forty  pounds  a-year.*  He  would  seem,  however,  to  have  died  before  the 
dissolution  of  the  priory  in  1538,  as  his  pension  is  not  found  as  a  charge  upon  the  revenues  of  the 
house.  During  the  short  period  of  his  superiority  he  made  grants  of  the  next  presentation  to  the 
vicarage  of  Bodmin,  and  to  the  Bodmin  prebend  in  the  church  of  Endellion,  to  Sir  John  diamond, 
Knt.,t  who  was  steward  of  the  priory  lands.  J 

Thomas  Wandsworth  was  confirmed  in  the  priory  May  lOtli,  1534.  His  reign  was  a  short  one, 
and  not  without  trouble  and  anxiety.  The  house  seems  to  have  been  in  a  very  disorderly  state,  as 
is  shown  by  a  MS.  in  the  Cottonian  Collection  in  the  British  Museum,  §  in  which  the  prior,  writino- 
to  a  Mr.  Lok  25th  May  1536,  complains  that  his  canons  had  for  long  continuance  lived  unthriftily 
and  against  the  good  order  of  religion,  to  the  great  slander  of  the  same,  as  all  the  country  could 
tell ;  and  ho  states,  that  for  the  reformation  of  those  abuses  the  bishop  at  his  late  visitation  had 
given  certain  injunctions,  which  he  had  commanded  the  prior  strait  to  see  observed  ;  but  which, 
the  prior  observes,  are  no  harder  than  the  brethren  were  bound  to  by  their  own  rule  and  pro- 
fession. He  complains  of  the  conduct  of  one  Mr.  Roger  Arundell  as  a  great  inciter  and  main- 
tainer  of  his  brethren  against  him,  and  who,  the  prior  was  informed,  had  obtained  a  commission 
to  pull  down  a  weir  belonging  to  the  priory  which  had  stood  for  more  than  500  years. 

This  prior  granted  to  the  mayor  and  burgesses  of  Bodmin,  for  a  term  of  90  years,  renewable 
for  a  further  term  of  the  same  period,  at  a  rent  of  41.  per  annum,  the  court  leet  and  view  of  frank- 
pledge which  for  centuries  had  been  a  cause  of  irritation  and  heart-burning  between  the  prior  and 
the  inhabitants ;  he  also  granted  them  a  licence  to  build  a  market-house  in  the  town  and  to  hold  a 
fair  or  mart  at  the  Bcry.  In  consideration  of  these  grants  the  mayor  and  burgesses,  on  behalf 
of  themselves  and  the  inhabitants,  renounced  all  of  their  privileges  in  respect  to  the  wood  at 
Diuimere,  and  bound  themselves  to  duly  use  and  keep  the  said  leet  and  view  of  frankpledge, 
and  all  other  liberties  conveyed,  during  the  said  term,  so  that  prior  should  suffer  no  loss  by 
forfeiture  in  consequence  of  non-user  or  misuser.  || 

Thus  the  foundation  was  laid  for  greater  future  harmony,  but  the  storm  was  at  hand  which 
swept  away  the  prior  and  all  his  arrangements.  It  did  not,  however,  approach  so  suddenly  that 
it  was  not  foreseen.  As  early  as  Midsummer  1537  the  prior  assembled  all  the  canons  in  the 
chapter-house  and  dochirod  to  Richard  Oliver,  the  sub-prior,  "and  the  other  brethorno  there 
assembled  to  githcr  that  he  did  here  that  the  king"  Ma'"^  wolde  take  his  pleasure  upon  theire  house, 
and  therefore  he  thought  it  good  to  give  vnto  suche  as  beene  good  to  the  house  some  leases  or 
other  preferments  to  thintent  they  shuldo  be  the  better  to  them  hereafter. "IT  This  circumstance 
reminds  us  of  the  parable  of  the  Unjust  Steward.     There  was,  however,  this  wide  distinction,  that, 

*  Oliver,  Monast.  Kxon.  p.  17.  f  Voyscy's  Reg.  ff.  108,  139. 

i  Bodmin  Keg.  f.  297.  §  Clcop.  vol.  iv.  f.  IIG,  printed  in  Dugdale's  Monast. 

II  A  fragment  of  this  deed  remains  among  the  municipal  muniments,  a  small  part  of  which,  together  with  the 
signatures,  lias  been  printed  liy  the  late  Mr.  Wallis  in  the  Bodmin  Register,  p.  29G.  With  the  exception  of  the  names  of 
Humphry  Prydcaux,  John  llariye,  and  the  prior,  all  the  uames  arc  foimd  in  the  list  of  mayors. 

%  Deposition  iu  Court  of  Augmentation. 


36  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 

■wlicreas  tlie  steward  was  dealing  with  the  goods  of  another,  the  prior  and  convent  were  dealing 
with  their  own ;  and,  so  liir  as  the  grant  of  leases  was  concerned,  legitimately,  according  to 
ancient  custom.  The  lands,  however,  having  been  given  for  the  maintenance  of  the  house,  the 
offering  of  prayers  to  God,  and  the  relief  of  the  poor  for  ever,  the  incumbents  had  simply  a  life- 
interest  therein,  and  they  were  not  justified,  notwithstanding  that  they  might  foresee  the  plunder 
of  their  possessions  and  the  conversion  of  their  revenues  to  secular  uses,  in  alienating  their  lands, 
or  in  granting  them  on  lease  at  unfair  rents,  to  the  impoverishment  of  their  house.  Their  conduct 
manifested  a  lack  of  faith. 

Upon  the  dissolution  of  the  religious  houses  the  king  procured  the  passing  of  an  Act  of 
Parliament  rendering  void  all  grants  of  lands  in  fee-simple  or  in  tail,  made  within  a  year  before 
the  surrender  of  the  house.     Accordingly  a  commission  under  the  Great  Seal,  dated  28  February, 

37  Henry  VIII. ,  was  issued  to  John  Arscott  and  John  Aylworth,  to  examine,  search,  and  inquire 
of  divers  and  sundry-  gifts  and  grants  made  by  the  prior  of  Bodmin.  From  the  certificate  of  the 
commissioners,  dated  21  April,  37  Hen.  VIII. ,  it  appeared,*  from  the  deposition  of  the  sub-prior 
and  other  persons,  that  nine  months  before  the  surrender  of  the  house  the  prior  and  convent  had 
affixed  the  conventual  seal  to  a  deed  granting  the  manor  of  Bodynj'^ell  to  Sir  John  Chamond, 
Knt.,  and  to  his  heirs  in  fee-simple;  and  that  about  the  same  time  another  deed  was  sealed, 
granting  the  same  manor  to  him  and  to  the  heirs  male  of  liis  body  iu  fee-tail ;  and  further,  that, 
shortly  afterwards,  a  lease  of  the  said  manor  to  the  said  Sir  John  Chamond  for  the  term  of  99 
years  was  also  sealed. f 

A  lease  of  the  lands  in  Wj^thiel  for  a  term  of  99  years  was  also  granted  about  the  same  time  % 
under  the  convent  seal  to  Lawrence  Kendall,  at  a  rent  of  10/.  per  annum,  whereas  it  was 
previously  let  at  20/.  per  annum.  The  said  Lawrence  Kendall  promised  each  of  the  brethren  of 
the  house  40/.  for  making  this  lease,  but  they  do  not  appear  to  have  received  the  money. 

*  Depositions  iu  the  Court  of  Augmentation. 

f  Gilbert  Curtis,  aged  50  years,  being  a  tenant  and  long-dweller  at  BodjTiicl,  deposed  that  Sir  John  Chamond's  men 
and  Henry  Tremayne  the  prior's  man,  took  possession  of  the  manor  of  Bodyniel  at  the  deponent's  house  for  Mr.  Chamond, 
and  that  Mr.  Chamond  kept  his  first  court  in  the  said  house  about  Michaelmas,  at  which  court  was  present  Mr.  Chamond 
himself,  and  it  was  about  a  mouth  betAveen  the  possession  and  the  said  coiui  ;  after  which  Michaelmas,  about  our  Lady's 
Day  in  the  Lent  then  next  following,  "  the  bowse  of  Bodmyn  went  down."  He  remembreth  that  at  the  tyme  of  the 
possession  takyug  the  said  Mr.  Cbamond's  men  went  out  into  his  garden  and  cutte  a  turfe  and  brought  it  into  his  howse, 
w"^''  he  sawe  ymmediately  after  they  brought  it.  And  the  same  tyme  of  the  court  keeping  the  said  deponent  attorned 
to  be  Mr.  Chamond's  tenant  by  a  penuyc.  In  the  Court  of  Augmentation  in  Mich's  term,  .S4  Hen.  VIII.  Sir  John  Chamond, 
knt.  produced  a  writing  luider  the  conventual  seal  of  the  priory  of  Bodmin  appointing  the  said  John  Chamond,  knt.  and 
Kicbard  Chamond,  esq.  his  son  to  the  office  of  seneschals  and  supervisors  of  all  the  manors  and  lands  of  the  said  convent 
within  the  county  of  Cornwall,  and  also  an  annuity  of  £11  issuing  out  of  the  manors  of  Rinlton,  Ketergbe,  Elinglase,  and 
Pendevy.  Dated  at  the  Chapter  House  at  Bodmin,  20  Sept.  29  Hen.  W\l.  Orders  and  Decrees,  vol.  xiii.  p.  81.  The 
seneschal,  wlio  was  generally  a  layman  and  a  man  of  rank  if  the  monastery  was  large,  managed  the  revenues  of  the 
house  according  to  the  order  of  the  chapter,  and  held  courts  for  the  abbot  or  prior.  Mitred  abbots  had  frequently  a  noble- 
man for  their  steward. 

%  The  prior  and  convent  by  deed  indented,  under  the  conventual  seal,  dated  20th  Sept.  anno  regni  Regis  29  Hen.  VIII. 
granted  the  whole  manor  of  Withiel  and  the  advowson  of  the  chiu'ch,  together  with  the  common  fishing  throughout  the 
whole  water  of  Ale3-n  and  Eyle,  with  all  the  appurtenances,  to  Lawrence  Kendall  and  KatherjTi  Monday,  which  the  same 
Lawrence  should  marry,  their  heirs  and  assigns,  for  the  term  of  99  years.     Roll  5,  No.  81 — Particulars  for  leases. 


KCCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY — THE  PRIORY.  37 

In  the  same  manner  a  lease  of  Ryalton  was  granted  to  one  John  Mondy  for  a  like  term  of 
99  years,  at  the  rent  of  721.  per  annum.  These  lauds  had  previously  been  kept  in  the  hands  of 
the  prior  for  maintenance  of  the  hospitality  of  the  house. 

A  lease  of  the  tithe  of  fishing  in  Padstowe  was  granted  in  like  manner  to  one  ....  Prideaux,* 
at  a  rent  of  4/.  per  annum.  It  had  previously  been  let  sometimes  for  more  and  sometimes  for 
less,  but  a  fine  of  30/.  had  always  been  paid,  which  would  seem  not  to  have  been  the  case  on  this 
occasion. 

An  estate  of  the  manor  of  Fosnowth  with  a  tenement  in  the  parish  of  Cardyuham  was  granted 
to  John  Tubbe  ;t  and  a  lease  was  also  granted  of  the  benefice  of  Lanhydrock,  with  certain  lauds 
and  tenements  in  that  parish,  and  Kingswood  Hill,  to  Thomas  Lytelton.  The  benefice  was 
commonly  worth  8/.  per  annum,  but  Lytelton  yielded  20s.  only  for  the  benefice  and  the  tenements. 

As  an  inducement  to  tlie  brethren  to  join  in  these  transactions  the  prior  promised  each  of 
them  20/.  if  the  deeds  held  good,  and  he  gave  to  each  100*.|  in  hand  without  conditions;  and, 
moreover,  the  advowsons  belonging  to  the  priory  were  granted  to  them  severally,  "  to  thentent 
that  they  shulde  and  might  be  the  rather  agreeable  vuto  the  sealing  and  granting  of  the  said 
leases,"  whereof  the  advowson  of  Padstow  was  assigned  to  the  sub-prior. 

There  is  a  curious  incident  recorded  with  respect  to  the  wood  of  St.  Margaret. §     Nicholas 

*  William  Newton,  aged  57  years,  deposed  that  he  had  had  the  fishing  of  Padstow  four  years  of  the  last  prior  of 
Bodmyn,  paying  the  two  first  years  £40  a  year,  the  third  year  £35,  and  the  fourth  year  £30,  the  fifth  year  the  said  Ne\vton 
took  it  of  Prideanx  and  paid  him  £30,  and  he  prefereth  to  give  to  the  King  for  the  lordship  and  fishing  of  Padstow  £60 
yearly,  and  be  bound  to  build  upon  his  own  charges  two  towers  for  the  defence  of  the  haven. — Deposition  No.  36. 

t  It  appears  fi-om  the  deposition  of  William  Bere,  gent,  aged  58  years,  that  he  had  been  under-steward  of  all  the 
manors  of  the  Priory,  and  was  displaced  because  he  would  not  be  a  party  to  writings  craftily  made  with  ante-dates; 
that  John  Tubbe  was  appointed  in  his  place,  and  that  the  said  Tubbe  did  keep  the  courts  of  the  said  manors  within  a 
month  after  St.  Laurence  day  ne.xt  before  the  smTender  of  the  house,  and  did  read  such  writings  as  had  been  craftily 
made;  that  is  to  say,  to  one  John  Monday  the  said  prior  granted  the  manor  of  Kialton,  to  Walter  Kendall  and  Laurence 
Kendall  the  manor  of  Wrthiel,  in  man-iage  with  his  said  brother's  daughter  (John  Monday  was  the  prior's  brother),  and 
to  Humphry  Prideaux  and  to  his  son  the  manor  of  Padstow,  in  marriage  with  another  daughter  of  his  said  brother,  and  to 
John  Tubbe  the  manor  of  Fosnuthe  and  lands  in  Kelewethe,  and  to  Sir  John  Chamond,  knt.  the  manor  of  Bodyniel.  John 
Tubbe  suffered  a  fine  in  the  manor  of  Fosnewth  to  German  Trelawny,  gent.  43  Eliz. 

William  I'lideanx  produced  in  the  Court  of  Augmentation  in  Hilary  Term,  34  Hen.  VIII.  a  writing,  indented,  under 
the  convent  seal,  granting,  for  divers  good  causes  and  considerations,  unto  William  Prideaux,  son  of  Hnmphry  Prideaux, 
and  to  Johanna  daughter  of  John  Monday,  brother  of  the  prior,  whom  the  said  William  had  married,  the  manor  of 
Padstow  with  appurtenances  in  Padstow,  St.  Cadock,  Lanlesick,  Rewne,  and  Trethanappe,  together  with  the  advowson 
of  the  church  of  Padstow,  with  all  liberties,  view  of  frankpledge,  estrays,  anchorage,  kyllage,  and  wTeck  of  sea,  with  free 
fishery  in  the  water  of  Eyll  within  the  said  manor,  and  the  island  called  the  GuUand  Rock  lying  in  the  sea  near  Padstow, 
with  all  that  wood  called  Garth  Wood  within  the  manor  of  Pendevy,  to  hold  to  the  said  William  and  Johanna,  their  heirs 
and  a.ssigns,  for  the  term  of  90  years  then  next  ensuing,  at  the  rent  of  £10  Is.  Sd.  Dated  at  Bodmj-n,  20th  October, 
29  Henry  VIII.  The  grant  was  allowed  by  the  chancellor  and  council  conditionally  that  nothing  afterwards  appeared  to 
invalidate  the  deed. 

Arms  of  Munday  of  Rialton:  Sable,  upon  a  cross  engrailed  argent  five  fusils  azure;  upon  a  chief  or  tlu-ee  bird's  legs 
erased  at  the  thigh  of  the  third. — Ordinary  of  Arms,  Heralds'  College. 

J  This  statement  was  confirn)ed  by  the  deposition  of  Thomas  Vyvyau,  vicar  of  Bodmin,  upon  the  statement  of  Sir 
Thomas  Bosemonde  and  Sir  Bennet  Carter,  wliiili  two  were  canons  of  the  late  house  of  Bodmin. — Certificate,  No.  30. 

§  By  letters  patent  dated  11th  May,  25  Elizab.  a  corn  mill  at  St.  Margaret's  was  granted  to  John  Donafordc,  Johanna 

L 


38  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 

Gljiine,  gent,  aged  51  years,  deposed  that  between  Midsummer  and  Lammas  next  before  the 
surrender  of  the  house  of  Bodniyn  he  communed  with  the  prior  for  the  sale  of  the  wood  called 
Margaret  Wood.  The  prior  offered  the  greatest  and  bests  parte  after  v''  an  acre.  The  deponent 
viewed  it  the  same  day,  and  ymmediately  came  to  the  prior  and  asked  him  what  days  he  would 
give  for  the  payment  of  the  same ;  who  answered  the  most  parte  in  hande  and  the  rest  betwene 
that  time  and  the  following  Clu-istmas.  Mr.  Glynne  not  liking  the  bargain  departed,  and,  forth- 
with, met  one  Nicholas  Prideaux,  gent.,  who  said  unto  him  :  "  Syr,  I  perceyve  ye  haue  bene  w"' 
my  lord  the  prior  for  Sajmt  Margaretes  Woode ;"  and  asked  hym  whether  he  had  bought  the 
wood.  Mr.  Glynne  replying  that  he  had  not,  the  said  Prideaux  said  that  "  yf  my  lord  hadde 
bene  as  honest  a  man  as  I  toke  him  for  the  bargayne  hadd  bene  myne."  Mr.  Glynne  then 
answered:  "  Syr,  take  it  a  Goddf  name  for  me,  for  as  yet  I  haue  not  concluded  w**"  hym,  nor  I 
will  no  more  meddle  w*''all."  And  deponent  saith  he  well  remembereth  "the  house  surrendered 
the  lent  then  next  followynge."  ]\Ir.  Prideaux  appears  afterwards  to  have  been  somewhat  uneasy 
respecting  his  bargain,  and  offered  Mr.  Glynne  a  part  of  the  wood,  who  answered,  "  I  am  afi'aid 
to  bargayne  for  feare  of  the  statute,  for  you  knowe,  M"^  Prideaux,  that  I  do  knowe  howe  the  case 
stondethe."     The  said  Prideaux  then  answered,  "  Sir,  if  ye  be  at  that  poynt  do  what  ye  can." 

Oji  the  27th  February,  1538,  the  end  came.  The  prior,  the  sub-prior,  and  nine  canons 
surrendered  the  priory  and  all  its  remaining  possessions  into  the  hands  of  the  king.  The  follow- 
ing pensions  were  assigned  for  the  future  maintenance  of  the  dispossessed  brethren  :* — 

The  prior  (Thomas  Wandsicorth)        ..... 

Richard  Oliver,  the  sub-prior  ..... 

Richard  Luer,  blind,  and  one  hundred  yei'es  old,  was  discharged  from 
his  home,  but  with  a  salary  of  ten  pounds  and  six  dozen  of  wood,  to 
be  received  yearly  during  life  ..... 

Benett  Smytlie  ....'... 

Thomas  Rosemonde     ....... 

John  Wylcoke  ....... 

Thomas  Marshall  ....... 

John  Daglc,  who  gave  up  liis  pension  for  the  vicarage  of  Bodmin  in 
1550  ....... 

Michell  Flemyng  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 

John  Beste      ........ 

Thomas  Fawlyns,  blind  and  aged         ..... 


ij 

s» 

d. 

66 

13 

4 

8 

0 

0 

10 

0 

0 

6 

0 

0 

6 

0 

0 

5 

6 

8 

5 

6 

8 

5 

6 

8 

2 

0 

0 

2 

0 

0 

2 

0 

0 

Sum  of  pensions  .  .  £118  13     4 

his  wife,  and  Nicholas  Donaforde  thpir  son,  for  the  term  of  their  lives;  and  on  IGth  March,  1601,  a  warrant  was  given  for 
a  grant  of  the  same  to  Mr.  Asbby,  Clerk  of  the  Chccqne  to  the  Gentlemen  Pensioners,  for  a  lease  in  reversion  to  his  own 
use;  but  on  10th  July,  1C02,  the  said  premises  together  with  land  in  Cokcsland  were  granted  on  lease  for  a  term  of  40 
years  to  Gilbert  Mychcll,  es^.  at  the  rent  of  40s.  per  annum. — Particulars  for  Leases,  Elizab.  Roll  3,  No.  5. 
*  Dngd.  Monast. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY — THE  PRIORY, 


39 


35 


The  following  schedules  M'ill  show  the  possessions  of  the  priory  and  the  lauds  which  were 
held  in  demesne  at  the  time  of  the  sm-render  : — 

Comput  Miuistrorum  Domini  Regis  30-31  Hen.  VIII.  No.  90.  m.  25.     Bodmyu  Prioratus. 

Com.  Cornub. 

Bodmpi,  Scit  cum  Terr  Dnicat  Firfu    .... 

Bodmyn,  Manef  cum  eapeift  de  Langhidrocke 

Red  liber  teuen    .              .              .  .  .7 

Red  tam  custum  quam  convene  tenefi .              .  .  .15 

Braye,               Fir  ma                   .              .             .              .  .  .0 

Langcarre,       Firma                   .              .             .              .  .  .0 

Newnam,         Firma                   .              .              .              .  ■  .0 

Langhydroke,  cum  capett  ibm,  Firma  .                           .  .  .1 

Bodmyn,  ter  Dnicat      .             .              .              .             •  ■  .13 

Bodmyn  Villa,  Feed  firma          .              .              .              .  .  .5 

,,        Perquis  Cur    .              .              .              .               .  .  .0 

Pende^ye,  Redd  lib  tenen         .             .             .             .  .  .4 

redd  tam  custuiii  quam  convene  teneili           .  .  .25 

Perquis  cur                .             .             .              .  .  .0 

BodjTiyell  Maner,  Firma            .                                        .  .  .5 

Wythiell  manef,  Firma              .             .             .             .  .  .10 

Rialton  et  Retargh  maner,  cum  Hundred'   de  Petherseher  at  Pether 

redd  ai{rig       .             .              .             .             .              .  .  .83 


J? 


Eljmglas  ct  Kelsey  Manef  cum  quadam  insula  voca?  the  Gull  Rock,  Firma     1 8 

Newton  Petrocke  &  Holecombe,  Firma 

Paddestowe  manef,  cum  membf  ac  cer?  terf  in  Laulesyke  .     .  Firma 

Bodmjni,  Menefi-ey  &  Paddestowe,  Deciin  Garb 

Bodmyn,  Sanct  Cuthbert,  Decim  Garb  .... 

,,        Decim  Prasdiat  ac  at  minut  dec  et  pfic  Rectof  de  Bodmyn 
Trenowe  in  Tyntagell,  Porco  Deciin  Garb 


Paddestowe,  Firiii  Deciin  Pise,  &c. 


Eglosaytl,  Peuc 


12 
20 
5-1 
19 
6 
0 
10 
2 


s.  d, 

17  10 

0  0 

19  0 

6  8 

0  1 

0  1 

0  0 

3  5 
10  0 
19  0 

4  lOi 
2  8 
8  0 
0  0 
0  0 

1  n_ 

17  0 

10  G 

8  (i| 

0  0 

0  0 

4  1 

6  8 

0  0 

0  0 


The  demayne  londes  beyng  in  the  Prior  of  Bodmyn  is  possession  at  the  tyme  of  surrunder 
(1539) ; 

s.       d. 

Imprimis,  the  poole  pke        .  .  .     3^  acres.  6a%  acre. 

It  the  est  bremcll  pke,  one  close  next  est     .     2i  acres.  4s.  Qd.  acre. 

It.  the  est  bremell  pke,  a  noder  closse  next  est  2|  acres,  bs.  aci'e. 

It.  the  dorter  pke      .  .  .  .3  acres.  6s.  acre. 

It.  Wliitefylde  pke    .  .  .4  acres.  4s.  acre. 


s. 

21 

d. 

0 

11 

3 

12 

6 

18 

0 

16 

0 

40 


PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 


s. 

9 

d. 
0 

It.  to  more  pkes 

,                         , 

3  acres. 

3s.  acre. 

2 
5 

10 
5 

0 
0 
0 
0 

It.  the  calfe  pke 
It.  the  ftizshe  pke  next 
It.  the  wode  pke 
It.  the  crosse  pke 

Cokslond 

1  acre. 
6  acres. 
.     16  acres. 
5  acres. 

2s. 

lOd.  acre. 
12d.  acre. 
I2d.  acre. 

16 
18 
14 

6 

8 

0 
8 
8 
0 
0 

It.  the  Baron  pke 
It.  the  byffe  pke 
It.  the  stony  pke 
It.  to  pkes  at  stappys 
It.  the  medyll  stajjpys 

• 

12  acres. 
.     14  acres. 
.     11  acres. 
.     12  acres. 
.     16  acres. 

16cZ.  acre 

lUd.  acre 

16d.  acre 

6f/.  acre 

Gd.  acre 

Sum   £8  19 

1 

A.       B.       p. 

110     3     20 

The  priory  with  all  its  possessions  being,  by  vii-tne  of  the  surrender  of  Prior  Wandsworth, 
thus  in  the  hands  of  the  King,  on  the  2nd  July,  1545,*  he  sold  to  his  servant  Tliomas  Sternhold, 
the  well-known  versifier  of  the  Psalms,  for  the  simi  of  100/.  paid  to  the  Treasurer  of  the  Court  of 
Augmentations,  the  site  of  the  said  priory,  together  with  the  demesne  lands  described  in  the  fore- 
going schedule.  The  grant  describes  the  premises  as  all  the  house  or  site  late  the  house  or  priory 
of  Bodmyn  dissolved,  with  aU  houses,  edifices,  stables,  bai'ns,  dovecotes,  courtlages,  fi-uit  gai-dens, 
orchards,  gardens,  pools,  vineyards  {vinaria),  being  within  the  site  of  the  late  said  priory ;  and 
sets  out,  severally,  each  of  the  fields,  except  the  small  enelosm-e  called  Calf  Park,  mentioned  in  the 
foregoing  schedule  as  being  the  demesne  lands  in  the  possession  of  the  prior  at  the  time  of  the 
dissolution.  It  was  provided  that  the  said  premises  should  be  held  of  the  King  and  his  heirs  and 
successors  in  capite,  by  the  sei-vice  of  one-fortieth  part  of  one  knight's  fee,  and  the  rent  of  seven- 
teen shillings  and  ten  pence  paid  into  the  Court  of  Augmentations  on  the  Feast  of  St.  Michael  in 
each  year,  and  the  whole  is  stated  to  be  of  the  clear  annual  value  of  8/.  17s.  \0d. 

Thomas  Sternhold,  as  appears  from  the  inquisition  taken  after  his  death,  died  on  23rd  August, 
1548,t  leaving  two  daughters,  named  Judith  and  Philippa,  his  heirs.  Bv  his  will,  dated  two 
days  before  his  death,  he  bequeathed  his  lands  in  Bodmin,  and  certain  of  his  lands  at  Slacksted, 
in  CO.  Southampton,  to  his  wife  Agnes  for  life,  with  remainder  to  his  daughters,  charging  his  wife 
to  bi'incr  them  up  virtuously  in  knowledge  and  learning,  and  to  prefer  them  to  honest  marriages. 
Each  of  the  daughters  was  said  by  the  jury  to  be  of  the  age  of  tlu-ee  yeai's  and  more.  In  his 
will,  which  is  recited  at  length  in  the  inquisition,  Thomas  Sternhold  describes  himself  as  "Groom 
of  the  Eobes  to  the  King's  Majestic." 

Philippa  Sternehold  had  seizin  of  one  moiety  of  the  priory,  and  did  homage  for  the  same  on 
13th  July  1564,J  by  which  date  she  woidd  have  attained  the  age  of  eighteen  years  and  more ;  and 
Judith,  the  other  daughter,  did  homage  and  had  seizin  of  the  other  moiety  granted  to  her  on  the 
8th  March  15G5.§ 

*  Originalia,  36  Hen,  VIII.  pars  ix.  m.  81. 

t  Inqnis.  p.  m.  3  Kdw.  VI.  p.  i.  m.  12.  J  Fine  Rolls,  6  Elizab.  m.  22;  OriginaUa,  6  Elizab.  Rot.  93. 

§  Fine  Rolls,  6  Elizab.  m.  55;  Originalia,  6  Elizab.  Rot.  71 :  see  also  Originalia,  20  Eliz.  Mich.  m.  77. 


ECCLESIASTICAI,  HISTORY — THE  PRIORY.  41 

Agnes  Sterncliold  appears  to  have  done  lier  duty  towards  lier  daugliters,  and  fulfilled  her 
husband's  dying  injunction,  for  soon  after  obtaining  possession  of  their  lands  we  find  them  both 
married  :  Fhilippa  to  William  Tydderley*  of  Knoyle,  in  the  county  of  Wilts,  Gent.  ;  and  Judith 
to  Nicholas  Pescodd  of  Eastmeane,  in  the  county  of  Southampton,  Gent. 

William  Tj-dderley  and  Nicholas  Pescodd,  in  right  of  their  wives,  being  possessed  in  fee  of 
the  site  of  the  priory  and  the  demesne  lands,  &e.,  obtained  on  7th  October  1567, f  upon  payment 
of  a  fine  of  5S)  shillings  and  three  pence  half-penny,  a  licence  of  alienation,  and  sold  the  premises 
to  John  Rassheley  of  Fowey,  merchant ;  and  a  fine  was  levied  in  Michaelmas  term  for  passing 
the  same  |,  including  common  of  pasture  on  Castle  Cannick,  and  free  fishing  in  the  water  of 
Downemere.     John  Rassheley  did  homage  for  the  lands  in  Easter  term  9th  Elizabeth. § 

The  property  remained  vested  in  the  family  of  Rashleigh  until  towards  the  end  of  the  last 
centur}'.  The  conventual  church  would  seem  to  have  been  destroyed  at  an  early  date,  but  the 
greater  j)ortion  of  the  domestic  buildings  continued  in  existence,  having  been  sub-divided  and  let 
to  different  tenants,  and  the  lands  sold  in  parcels.  In  1765  a  lease  for  99  years,  determinable 
upon  the  deaths  of  three  persons  therein  named,  was  granted  by  Philip  Rashleigh  of  Menabilly, 
Esq.,  to  William  Pennington  of  Bodmin,  Esq.,  of  one  portion  of  the  house,  described  as  part  of  the 
dwelling-house  heretofore  in  the  dissolved  pi'iory,  called  the  "  Great  House,"  as  now  separated 
from  that  part  of  the  same  house  wherein  one  Wihnot  Tozer,  widow,  formerly,  and  Henry  Dagge 
and  Robert  Rundle  afterwards,  dwelt,  and  lately  inhabited  by  John  Wells ;  and  in  the  following  year 
a  similar  lease  was  granted  to  Mr.  Pennington  of  the  other  part  of  the  "  Great  House,"  ||  stated  to  . 
be  separated  from  that  above  described.  These  leases  are  very  interesting  and  throw  considerable 
light  upon  the  nature  of  the  old  buiidings.  The  "  great  hall "  is  mentioned  as  separated  from  the 
house.  It  had  been  taken  down  sometime  previously,  and  other  buildings  had  been  erected  upon 
its  site.  Another  portion  of  the  priory  premises  had  been  converted  into  a  malt-liouse  and 
separately  let,  and  the  pool  was  in  the  tenm'c  of  another  tenant. 

The  condition  of  the  lease  granted  to  Mr.  Pennington  was  that  he  should  at  his  own  costs 
and  charges,  within  a  period  of  six  years,  take  down  the  old  house  and  erect,  in  a  strong  and 
substantial  manner,  upon  the  said  demised  premises,  a  good  handsome  dwelling-house  with 
proper  conveniences  at  a  cost  of  not  less  than  800/.  Mr.  Pennington  had  liberty  to  enclose  so 
much  of  the  priory  green  as  the  said  dwelling-house  measm'ed,  and  30  feet  in  length  fi-om  the 
front  of  tlic  same. 

Tlie  last  connexion  of  the  Rashleigh  family  with  the  priory,  which  is  traced,  is  a  lease  granted 
by  the  above-mentioned  Philip  Rashleigh  in  1771  of  a  house,  now  taken  down,  near  the  little 
church  stile.  Soon  after  this  the  priory  demesne  lands  appear  to  have  passed,  together  with  the 
manors  of  Bodmin  and  Bodmin  Kirland,  to  Sir  Elijah  Impey,  Knt.,f^  who,  in  1787,  demised  the 

*  Lysons  printed  tliis  name  as  Pyddcrley,  perhaps  a  mere  typograpliical  error,  and  all  subsequent  writers  have  blindly 
followed.  f  Pat.  Rolls,  9  Eliz.  part  IX.  J  Pedes  Finium  0  Eli/..  Miclis. 

§  See  Originalia,  20  Elizab.  Hot.  77,  in  which  the  title  of  John  Kassheley  is  set  out  at  length. 

II  Deeds  at  the  prlorj'. 

^  Sir  Elijah  Impcy  was  appointed  Supreme  Judge  of  Fort  William,  Calcutta,  in  1771,  where  he  amassed  great  wealth. 
In  the  year  1781  Sir  Gilbert  Elliot  charged  him  with  high  crimes,  jcc.  iu  the  administration  of  justice,  but  he  saccessfuUy 

M 


42  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 

said  manors  to  Richard  Barwell  of  Stansted,  in  tlie  county  of  Sussex,  Esq.,  subject  to  the  rent  of 
17«.  10(/.,  payable  to  the  Crown  on  account  of  the  site  of  the  priory,  who,  in  the  following  year, 
conveyed  to  Mr.  Pennington  the  fee,  subject  to  existing  leases,  of  the  two  portions  of  the  Great 
House  above  mentioned,  the  dwelling-house  near  the  little  chui'ch  stile,  also  above  referred  to,  an 
orchard  near  the  pool,  a  stable  and  a  decayed  tanyard,  lately  a  toft,  whereon  stood  a  dwelling- 
house  situate  within  the  site  of  the  priory  at  the  backside  of  the  house  built  where  formerly 
stood  the  "  great  hall,"  one  close  of  land  called  the  "  bowling  green,"  the  pool  itself,  and  a  malt- 
house.  It  should,  however,  be  noticed  that  no  mention  is  made  of  the  fee-farm  I'ent  of  17s.  lOJ. 
reserved  to  the  Cro^v^l  in  the  original  grant  to  Thomas  Sternhold.* 

This  arr.angement  conduced  to  the  destruction  of  every  atom  of  the  conventual  buildings,  but 
it  led  to  the  consolidation  of  the  several  tenements  into  wliicli  the  premises  had  been  divided. 
Mr.  Pemiington  immediately  bought  up  the  interests  of  the  several  lessees,  so  that  at  his  death, 
two  years  afterwards,  the  whole  of  the  site  of  the  priory  was  in  his  possession. 

Mr.  Pennington  died  at  Dover  in  the  year  1789,  and  by  his  will  bequeathed  the  priory  to 
his  niece,  Nancy  Hosken,  daughter  of  the  Eev.  Anthony  Hosken,  vicar  of  Bodmin,  the  last 
representative  of  the  family  of  Hosken  of  St.  Kevern,  by  Susanna,  daughter  of  the  Rev.  William 
Pennington,  father  of  the  above-mentioned  William.  Nancy  Hosken  married  AValter  Raleigh 
Gilbert,  Esq.,  and  carried  the  priory  into  the  family  of  Gilbert,  by  which  family  from  time  to 
time  have  since  been  acquired  much  of  the  lands  anciently  forming  the  priory  demesnes.  The 
priory  is  now  the  seat  of  Lieut. -Colonel  Walter  Raleigh  Gilbert,  Chief  Constable  of  the  county. 

THE  ADVOWSON  OF  THE  RECTORY  AND  VICARAGE. 

This  benefice  was  held  by  the  prior  and  convent  of  SS.  Maiy  and  Peti'ock,  and  it  is  jirobable 
that  the  parochial  church  was  anciently  served  by  one  of  the  canons  of  the  priory.  This  arrange- 
ment would  appear  to  have  been  changed  in  1261,  when  John  Chepman,  most  likely  one  of  tlie 
canons,  was  appointed  to  the  sole  chai'ge  of  the  cure,  and  Bishop  Bronscombe  ap])ointed  to  him  a 
stipend,  to  consist  of  four  marks  annually,  one  chamber  of  a  canon,  and  sufficient  food  for  a 
horse.t  The  same  arrangement  was  made  upon  the  institution  of  the  succeeding  vicar  in  1267, 
and  confirmed  in  1269.  It  appears,  however,  that  on  the  Inquisition  of  the  Bishops  of  Lincoln 
and  Winchester, J  commonly  called  Pope  Nicholas'  Taxation,  the  parish  was  taxed  as  under : 

Ecct  de  Bodmynia  .  .  .  .  .  •     '^J  h.  xiij  s.  iiij  d. 

Vicar  ejusdem         ...  .  .  xl  s. 

AVhilst  the  Valor  Ecclesiasticus  §  26  Henry  VIII.  gives  the 

net  value  of  the  vicarage  as      .  .  .  .    xiij  li.  vj  s.  viij  d. 

defended  himself  against  the  charge  at  the  bar  of  the  House  of  Commons.  He  died  in  1800  aged  77  years,  and  was  buiied 
in  the  parish  c-hurcli  of  Hammersmith,  co.  Middlesex.  Arms  :  Gules,  on  a  chevron  or  between  three  leopai'd's  heads  as 
many  crescents. — Faulkner's  History  of  Hammersmith,  p.  136.  *  See  ante. 

f  Ordinis  quod  consistat  in  liberatione  unius  canonici,  iiij'"'  marcis  annuls,  una  camera  competenti,  pabulo  unius  ciini. 
cum  amiona.     (Bronscombe's  Keg.  f.  20.) 

J  Bronscombe's  Eeg.  §  Vol.  ii.  p.  401. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY — ADVOWSON  OP  RECTORY  AND  VICARAGE.  43 

Accoi'dino;  to  ancient  custom  the  vicar  was  not  entitled  to  any  mortuanj  *  on  the  death  of  any 
inhabitant  of  the  town,  nor  on  the  death  of  any  person  who,  while  visiting  friends  or  relations 
within  the  town,  and  doing  his  duties  to  the  parish  church,  fell  sick  and  died,  but  to  a  dirge  and 
mass-pennij  only  ;  nevertheless,  on  the  death  of  any  stranger,  who  travelling  through  the  country 
feU  sick  and  died  within  the  town,  the  vicar,  for  his  mortuary,  was  entitled  to  the  best  wearing 
cloth  of  the  deceased  being  with  him,  as  his  chattel.  The  vicar,  by  custom,  was  entitled  four  times 
in  the  year  to  lawe-ojferinrfs,  viz.  at  the  feast  of  All  Saints,  Christmas,  Easter,  and  the  Nativity 
of  St.  Petrock.f  The  vicar  was  entitled  by  custom  for  every  dirge  on  the  death  of  every  in- 
habitant of  the  town,  *'  for  every  month  and  twelve  month  mynde,"  six  pence  and  no  mortuary  ; 
and  if  any  inhabitant  set  a  herse-cloth  in  the  church  upon  a  dead  person  and  wax  thereupon  for 
a  month  or  twelve  month,  the  vicar  could  claim  nothing  thereof.  The  vicar  was  entitled  to  the 
tenth  calf  when  it  fell ;  and,  if  a  calf  were  sold,  then  to  the  tenth  penny ;  and  for  the  milk  of  every 
cow  drawn,  one  penny ;  but  to  no  tithe  of  butter  or  cheese.  He  was  entitled  to  tithing  of  flax, 
liemp,  leeks,  onions,  beans,  apples,  pears,  and  small  herbs,  and  also  to  tithe  of  hay.  These 
customs  are  set  forth  in  a  testimonial  made  by  Thomas  Boscarnan,  mayor,  and  the  j)rincipal 
inhabitants,  dated  15th  January,  17th  Henry  VIII.  (1527,)  preserved  among  the  records  of  the 
corporation  and  printed  at  length  by  Mr.  Wallis.J 

It  appears  that  a  lease  of  a  parcel  of  the  rectories  of  Bodmin,  St.  Minver,  Padstow,  and  St. 
Cubert  was  granted  by  the  prior  and  convent  in  the  29th  year  of  Henry  VIII.  for  a  term  of 
seventy-seven  years,  to  Nicholas  Prideaux  at  the  annual  rent  of  56/.  12s.  10 J.  which  lease  was 
confirmed  by  the  King  under  the  Great  Seal  on  the  last  day  of  July  1544.  In  what  manner  this 
lease  ceased  before  its  expiration  we  have  no  evidence  to  show,  but  on  28th  February  1574 
instructions  were  given  for  the  preparation  of  a  lease  of  the  same  premises  at  the  above-mentioned 
rent  to  Edward  Weldon  for  a  term  of  21  years;  nevertheless,  wo  find  that  only  four  years  later 
the  said  rectories,  with  all  the  sheaf  tithe,  &c.  were  released  to  Nicholas  Prideaux,  Philippa  his 
wife,  and  Edmond  their  son  for  the  term  of  their  lives  and  the  longest  liver  of  them,  with  re- 
mainder, after  their  decease,  to  Hurafry  Prideaux,  nephew  of  Edmond.  On  the  death  of  Nicholas 
the  premises  were  demised  to  Philippa  his  widow  for  her  life,  and  upon  her  death,  in  the  year 
1600,  a  new  lease  was  granted  by  letters  patent  §  dated  10th  December,  4.'3rd  Elizabeth,  to 
Edmond  Prideaux  and  Peter  Prideaux  his  son  for  their  lives,  and  after  their  decease  remainder 
unto  Humfry  Prideaux,  ne[)hew  of  Edmond,  as  before;  reserving  the  accustomed  rent  of 
56/.  12«.  lOd.,  with  such  conditions  and  covenants  as  were  usual. ||  On  the  5th  January  1609, 
however,  letters  patent,^  passed  under  the  Privy  Seal,  which,  after  reciting  the  last-mentioned 
lease,  granted  {inter  alia)  the  rectories  and  sheaf  tithe  of  the   said  four  parishes,  and  also  the 

*  A  mortuary  was  a  customary  gift,  of  the  nature  of  a  heriot,  claimed  by,  anil  due  (o,  the  parish  priest  in  very  many 
parishes,  upon  the  death  of  every  parishioner. 

f  Commemorated  on  the  4th  June.  J  Bodmin  Reg.  p.  .30. 

§  Pat.  KoUs,  43  Elizab.  p.  xl.  The  altarage  tithes  and  other  tithes  had  been  granted  to  John  Connock  for  21  years 
at  '22g.  rent,  2.5  Elizab.  .June  1!). 

II  Court  of  Augmentation,  Particulars  for  Leases,  Elizab.  and  James  I. 

H   Pat.  Rolls,  G  James,  part  xv.  m.  10. 


44  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 

advowsons,  donations,  fi-ee  disposition,  and  right  of  patronage  of  the  vicarage  of  the  parish 
churches  of  the  same,  to  Thomas  Aileworth,*  esq.  and  Robert  Duke,  gentleman,  their  heirs  and 
assigns,  for  ever,  to  be  held  of  the  King,  his  heirs  and  successors,  as  of  the  manor  of  East  Green- 
wich, by  faithful  service  in  free  and  common  socage,  and  not  in  capite,  nor  by  knight  service, 
rendering  for  the  same  the  abovementioned  rent  of  56/.  12s.  10(7.  per  annum. 

The  rectory  and  advowson  of  Bodmin  appear  to  have  been  in  the  possession  of  the  grantees 
of  the  Crown  for  a  very  short  time.  We  have  no  knowledge  of  the  exact  date  of  transfer,  but  in 
1612,  upon  the  death  of  the  vicar  John  Bailey,  the  presentation  to  the  church  was  made  by  John 
Saunders  of  Awlescombe,  in  virtue  of  a  grant  for  that  turn,  by  Edmond  Prideaux  of  Netlierton, 
Esq.t 

The  fee-farm  rent  of  56?.  12s.  lOd.  reserved  under  the  above-mentioned  grant,  was,  on  the 
14th  November,  1627,  granted  (i«fer  alia)  to  Queen  Henrietta  Maria*  by  way  of  dower,  as  it  had 
been  before  granted  to  Anne  Queen  of  James  I.  ;  §  but  when  the  rebellion  was  consunnnatcd  the 
Queen,  like  all  the  rest  of  the  royal  family,  was  proscribed,  and  her  property  seized.  In  1651  an 
attempt  was  made  to  sell  this  rent  with  others.  ||  Whether  or  not  a  purchaser  was  found  we  have 
no  e^adence ;  but,  if  so,  upon  the  Restoration  the  bargain  was  declared  void,  and  the  estate  again 
fell  into  the  hands  of  the  Kine.  In  the  23  Charles  II.  these  and  divers  other  rents  were  vested 
in  Francis  Lord  Hawley  and  others  as  trustees  for  sale,  and  this  rent  was  accordingly,  in  the  same 
year,  sold  to  Peter  Prideaux  of  Netherton,  Esq.^  who  thus  became  possessed  of  the  rectories  and 
advowsons  of  these  four  parishes  in  fee  simple. 

The  rectorial  tithes  and  the  patronage  of  this  \'icarage  remained  vested  in  the  family  of 
Prideaux  until  after  the  death  of  Sir  John  Prideaux  in  1766.  Some  time  afterwards  authority 
was  given  by  the  Com-t  of  Chancery  to  sell  a  portion  of  his  real  estate  to  liquidate  his  debts  and 
discharge  the  legacies  bequeathed  by  his  will.  Accordingly,  by  deed  dated  29th  September,  1789, 
the  reetoiy  and  sheaf-tithe  of  this  jiarish  were  conveyed,  fi'ce  of  all  charge  thereon,  to  George 
Browne  of  Bodmin,  Esq.  who,  by  his  will,  together  with  certain  other  real  estates,  demised  this 
rectory  to  his  grandson  and  heir,  George  Francis  Collins,  Esq.  who  afterwards  assumed  the  name 
of  Browne,**  by  whom  in  1820  this  rectory  and  advowson  were  sold  in  small  parcels.  The  holders 
of  the  se\eral  parcels  in  1 840,  as  shown  by  the  Tithe  Apportionment,  appear-  fi-om  the  annexed 
Schedule,  which  also  shows  who  are  the  present  proprietors. 

Tlie  advowson  of  the  '\icarage  was  piu-chased  by  a  Mr.  RadclifFe,  whose  representatives,  in 
1806,  sold  the  same  to  John  Wallis  of  Bodmin,  Esq.  by  whom  it  was  conveyed  to  the  late  Lord 
De  Dunstanville  and  Basset.ft  in  whoso  familv  it  still  remains. 


*  Pat.  Rolls,  6  James,  part  xv.  m.  10.  Thomas  Ayhvorth  married  Tabitha  ilau.  of  Edmund  Prideaux,  of  Ketherton, 
barrister-at-law,  aud  doulile  reader  of  the  Inuer  Temple,  hy  his  first  wife  Bridgett  dau^'hter  of  John  Chichester  of  Kaleigh. 
Thomas  Aylworth  is  described  in  the  Prideaux  pedigree  as  "  of  Bcnnallock,  in  Cornwall." 

t  Bishop  Carey's  Reg.  f.  100.  *  Pat.  Rolls,  2  Charles,  part  iv. 

§  Pat.  Rolls,  11  James,  part  xiii.  {|  Particulars  of  Fee-Farm  Rents,  lOJl,  Roll  3S-C4,  65. 


Close  Rolls,  23  Charles  II.  part  viii.  No.  23. 

See  ante,  p.  4G.  ft  B.  M.  Add).  MS.  9420. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY — ADVOWSON  OP  RECTOUT  AND  VICARAGE. 


46 


COMMUTATION  OF  TITHES. 


1840. 

PROPRIETORS. 


The  Vicar     . 
Thomas  Baron 


Phih'p  Clemence    . 
Peter  Coleman 
Richard  Coom 
Joan  Every  . 

John  Cole  Grose    . 

Parmenas  Hambly 

Richard  Hcnder     . 

William  and  George  Henderson 

Francis  John  Hext 

Deeble  Peter  Hoblyn     . 

Kitty  Whitfield  Kirkwood 

Mary  Liddell 

John  Liddell 

Margaret  Martyn  Liddell 

Elias  Hiscutt  Liddell     . 

Richard  Long 

John  and  Thomas  Marshall 

William  Marshall 

Tlic  Mayor  and  Corporation 

Thomas  Mellow 

Bennett  and  William  Miehell 

Sir  William  Molesworth,  Bai-t. 

William  Phillipps,  Clerk 

John  Popham 

Laurence  Holkar  Potts  . 

Nicholas  Stevens   . 

Thomas  and  Robert  Thomas  . 

John  Wallis  .... 

Thomas  West 

Thomas  Williams  . 

Edward  Mounsteven  Wrijrht  . 


£      s.    d. 

392  19  10 

15     .5     0 


0  10  0 

0  16  0 
27     0  0 

7     4  6 

10     5  0 

15  0 

1  2  6 
0  10  0 

13     6  2 

18     1  3 

2  0  0 


14     0     0 


James  Liddell,  Comm""  R.N. 


1  4 

0 

0  2 

6 

3  11 

0 

50  0 

0 

3  0 

0 

9  8 

0 

2  10 

0 

48  0 

5 

0  4 

6 

1  1 

0 

4  15 

0 

1  2 

6 

120  0 

0 

3  0 

0 

0  10 

0 

1  11 

6 

0      Kitt,  of  Penzance 

6  1  John  Marshall  and  the  representa- 
tives of  Thomas  Marshall    . 
The  same       ..... 
Mary  Mellow,  sister  of  Thos.M. for  life 
William  IMichell,  M.D.,  and  William 
Miehell,  Clerk    .         .         .         . 
Representatives  of  the  late  Sir  W. 
Moleswortli        .... 
Charles  Serjeant,  Esq.,  by  purchase 
of  William  Phillipps  (afterwards 
Flamank)  ..... 
Richard  Adams,  injure  nxoris 

Merrifield  &  others  in  severalties 

Nicholas,  son  of  Nicholas  Stevens   . 
Tlie  same  Robci-t  Thomas 
John  Perry,  Clerk,  by  j)urchase 
Catherine,  widow  of  Thomas  West . 
The  same  Thomas  Williams 


15 
0 


1868. 

PROPRIETORS.  £ 

The  Vicar 392 

Henry  Mudge,  by  purchase  from  ' 
John  Baron,  to  whom  it  had  been 
bequeathed  by  Thomas  Baron 

Thomas  Williams  .... 

Merged  in  the  freehold. 

Felix  Coom,  John  Coom,  and . . .  Grose 

Anna  Glencross,  dau.  of  Joan  Every 
and  widow  of  John  Glencross,  Clerk 

Penny        .... 

Representatives  of  Richard  Burrow 

? 

George,  son  of  George  Henderson  . 
Francis  John  Hext,  Esq.,  and  George 

Hext,  Clerk  .... 
John  H.  Peter  Hoblyn,  of  Colquite, 

Esq 

James  Fell,  Esq.,  in  jure  uxoris 


«.    d. 
19  10 


5     0 
10     0 


27     0     0 


7  4 

6 

10  5 

0 

1  5 

0 

1  2 

6 

0  10 

0 

13     6     2 


18 
2 


1     3 

0     0 


2     0     0 


14     0 


3  13 

6 

50  0 

0 

3  0 

0 

9  8 

0 

2  10 

0 

48  0 

5 

0  4 

f) 

1  1 

0 

4  15 

0 

1  2 

r. 

120  0 

0 

3  0 

0 

0  10 

0 

£'7.'')4     5     S 


N 


46  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 


THE  TITHE  OF  HAY. 

In  the  customal  of  the  vicarage  of  1527,  to  which  we  have  already  adverted,*  it  will  be  seen 
that  the  vicar  was  entitled  to  the  tithe  of  hay.  How  this  became  severed  from  the  vicarage  we 
have  no  evidence  to  show.  These  tithes,  however,  were,  after  the  dissolution  of  the  priory,  in  the 
hands  of  the  Crown,  and  on  8tli  November  1610, t  were  granted  by  King  James  I.  by  letters 
patent,  unto  Francis  Phillips  and  Richard  More,  gent.,  together  with  similar  tithes  of  the  parishes 
of  St.  Minver,  Padstow,  and  Cubert,  to  be  held  of  the  manor  of  East  Greenwich  by  fealty  only, 
in  free  and  common  socage,  at  the  rent  of  20.<'.  per  annum.  On  the  15tli  Jime,  1652, |  however, 
the  Commissioners  appointed  by  Parliament  for  the  sale  of  fee-farm  rents  sold  the  reserved  rent 
to  George  More.  A  few  years  later  we  find  the  tithe  of  hay  the  property  of  Thomas  Opie  of 
Park,  gent.,  whose  son  and  heir  John  Opie  of  Park,  on  29th  May,  20  Charles  II.,  in  considera- 
tion of  the  sum  of  three  score  pounds,  conveyed  the  same  to  the  mayor  and  burgesses  of  Bodmin, § 
it  being  stated  in  the  conveyance  to  be  the  intention  of  the  parties  that  the  said  tithe  hay  and  the 
profits  thereof  were  to  be  freely  given  and  bestowed,  and  freely  to  be  enjoyed  by  the  then  vicar 
of  Bodmin,  in  case  he  would  relinquish  an  existing  covenant,  grant,  and  compensation  of  foiu* 
score  pounds  per  annum,  which  he  claimed  against  the  mayor  and  burgesses,  during  his  life,  and 
afterward  by  his  successors  respectively,  provided  they  should  be  presented  to  the  \icarage  by  and 
with  the  good  liking  of  the  mayor  and  burgesses,  to  be  signified  by  some  instrument  under  the 
corporate  seal.  Tlie  sale  of  the  fee-farm  rent  would  seem  to  have  been  cancelled  at  the  Restora- 
tion, for  in  the  last-recited  conveyance  provision  is  made  for  the  pa\Tnent  of  the  full  rent  of  20s. 
a  year,  the  whole  of  which  seems  now  to  have  been  made  chargeable  upon  the  tithe  hay  of 
Bodmin. 


LIST  OF  INSTITUTIONS.  • 

1261.  5  kalends  of  Sept.  ||     John  Chepman,  Priest,  was  instituted  to  the  vicarage  of  the  parish 

church  of  St.  Petrock  at  Bodmin  upon  the  presentation  of  the  prior 
and  convent. 
1267.ir      ....     John  Oberman,  was  instituted  upon  the  presentation  of  the  prior  and 

convent. 
1276.  Wednesday  next  after     Sir  Philip  do  Stoke  Gabriel,  Priest,  was  instituted  upon  the  presenta- 
the  feast  of  St.  James  the         tion  of  the  prior  and  convent. 
Apostle.** 
1301-2 John  de  Trehengy.ft 

*   Vide  ante,  p.  43.  t  Tat.  Rolls. 

J  Counteq)art  of  Deed,  Court  of  Augmentation.  §  Deed  among  Corporation  Records. 

II  Bishop  Bronscombe's  Register,  f.  20.  1  Ibid.  f.  **  Ibid.  f.  73. 

tt  The  institution  of  this  vicaj-  is  not  found  recorded  in  the  episcopal  registers  ;  but  in  the  Assize  Roll  of  30  Edw.  I. 
he  is  mentioned  as  vicar  of  the  church  of  Bodmin. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY — INSTITUTIONS.  47 

1349.  Aiiril  8*  .         .     John  Trescau,t   Priest,  was  instituted  upon  tlie  presentation  of  tlie 

prior  and  convent. 

1386 John  Tyrell^ 

1300 Sir  Robert  Northwode.§ 

1400.  Auo-ust  12  II     .         .     John  Stejjhjn,  was  instituted  to  the  vicarage  of  Bodmyn  vacant  by 

the  death  of  Robert  Northwode  upon  the  presentation  of  the  prior 

and  convent. 
1417.  May  11  ^       .         •     Lawrence  Vehiw  was  instituted  to  the  vicarage  of  St.  Petrock   of 

Bodmyn,  vacant  by  the  death  of  John  Stephyn  the  last  vicar,  upon 

the  presentation  of  the  prior  and  convent. 
1430.  Deer.  23  **     .         .     Henry  Gurlyn  tt  was  instituted  to  the  vicarage  of  Bodmin  upon  the 

presentation  of  the  prior  and  convent. 
1470.  March  28tJ   .         .     WilHam  Bray,  M.A.,  was  instituted  to  the  parish  church  of  Bodmin, 

vacant  by  the  death  of  Heni-y  Gurlyn  the  last  vicar,  upon   the 

presentation  of  the  ]irior  and  convent. 

1489 William  Mcrrifield.§§ 

1494.  No'iT.  4  nil        .         .     Robert  Barbour,  was  instituted  to  the  vicarage  of  Bodmin  vacant  by 

the  death  of  "William  Merrifield,  upon  the  presentation  of  the 

])rior  and  convent. 
John  Holwell. 
1516.  Novr.  1511^  .         .     Thomas  Vivian,  M. A.,  was  instituted  to  the  parish  church  of  Bodmin, 

vacant  by  the  resignation  of  John  Holwell,  late  vicar,  upon  the 

presentation  of  the  prior  and  convent. 


*  Bishop  Grandison's  Reg.  f.  77. 

f  .John  de  Trescan,  vicar  of  the  church  of  St.  Petrock  of  Bodmin,  Walter  de  Trescau,  and  Erungera  his  wilo,  and 
William  Fekyn  de  Trescau,  were  sued  at  the  assizes  at  Launceston  (1353)  by  Richard  de  Forde  relative  to  his  free 
tenement  of  Trescau.     (Assize  Roll,  2G  Edw.  III.) 

I  John  Tyrcll,  vicar  of  the  church  of  Bodmyn,  levied  a  fine  of  John  Lanergy  and  Johanna  his  wife  and  William 
Martyn  and  Diouisia  his  wife,  of  four  messuages  in  Bodmyn  and  Pcnbngel.     (Pedes  Finium,  10  Rich.  II.  Michs.) 

§  The  institution  of  this  vicar  is  not  found  recorded  in  the  episcopal  registers;  but  on  26  May,  1390,  licence  was 
granted  to  Sir  Robert  Northwode,  vicar  of  Bodmyn,  to  hear  confessions  (Bishop  Brantyngham's  Reg.).  His  name  is  also 
mentioned  in  tlic  institution  of  his  succe.s.sor. 

II  Bishop  Stafford's  Reg.  f.  29.     Mentioned  in  the  Assize  Roll,  8  Hen.  IV.  (1407). 

t  Ibid.  f.  183.  **  Bishop  Lacy's  Reg.  f.  98. 

■ft  In  HG2  Henry  Gurlyn  was  instituted  to  the  parish  church  of  Endellion  upon  the  presentation  of  tlie  prior  and 
convent  of  Bodmin.  A  commission  of  inquiry  was  issued,  upon  which  it  was  certified  that  the  church  was  vacant,  and 
that  Thomas  the  Prior  of  Bodmin  and  the  convent  there  were  the  true  patrons,  and  that  the  right  of  presentation  was 
with  them.  William  Vyvyan,  the  late  prior  made  the  last  presentation  (Bishop  Booth's  Reg.  ff.  21,  8G).  The  church  of 
B.idinin  was  rebuilt  during  the  incuinl)cncy  of  this  vicur,  tliongh  he  lived  not  to  see  the  work  completed,  and  shields  (some 
of  them  unfinished)  cliargcd  with  the  arms  of  Gurlyn,  uniinpaled,  appear  in  the  roof ;  see  p.  52. 

It  Bishop  Booth's  Reg.  f.  27. 

§§  His  name  is  signed  ''Meryfeld  "  in  1474.     Bod.  Reg.  p.  326. 

nil  Bishop  King's  Reg.  f.  108. 

^%  Bishop  Oldham's  Reg.  f.  47. 


48 


PARISH  OF  BODMiy. 


1550.  Novr.21* 


1564.  Feby.  18 

1566.  April  22 

1568.       . 
1571.  Jam-.  1  . 

1573.  March  8 

1612.  June  23 


1635-6.  Feby.  23     . 

Date  of  institution  not  re- 
corded. 
1663.  No\T.  7  . 


1679.  Oct.  3     . 


Sir  John  Dagle,  Clerk,t  was  instituted  to  the  vicarage  of  Bodmin, 
vacant,  upon  the  presentation  of  Richard  Chamond,  Esq.  executor 
under  the  last  will  of  John  Chamond,  Knt.  his  father,  deceased, 
the  true  patron,  pro  lidc  vice,  under  a  grant  from  the  prior  of  the 
house  or  monastery  of  the  Blessed  Virgin  Mary  and  St.  Petrock  of 
Bodmin,  the  true  original  patrons  for  this  turn. 

Sir  Stephen  Lyons,  Clerk,  J  was  instituted  to  the  vicarage  of  the  parish 
of  Bodmin,  vacant  by  the  death  of  John  Dagle,  last  A"icar,  upon 
the  presentation  of  the  Queen's  Majestj-. 

William  Forthe,  M.A.,  was  instituted  to  the  parish  church  of  Bodmin, 
vacant  by  the  death  of  Stephen  Lyons,  last  vicar,  upon  the  pre- 
sentation of  Elizabeth  Queen  of  England. 

Sir  John  Bawden.§ 

John  Bishop,  Clerk,  was  instituted  to  the  vicarage  of  Bodmin  upon 
the  presentation  of  the  Queen. 

John  Baylie,  Clerk,  was  admitted  to  the  vicarage  of  Bodmin  upon 
the  presentation  of  the  Queen. 

John  Saunders,  Clerk,  M.A.,||  was  admitted  to  the  vicarage  of 
Bodmin,  vacant  by  the  death  of  John  Baylie,1[  last  incumbent,  upon 
the  presentation  of  John  Saunders  of  Awlescombe,  for  this  turn 
the  true  patron  by  the  grant  of  Edwai'd  Prideaux  of  Netherton, 
in  Devon,  Esq.,  the  true  patron. 

William  Drake,**  M.A.,  was  admitted  ^acar,  vacant  by  the  death  of 
John  Saunders,  upon  the  presentation  of  Sir  Peter  Prideaux. 

John  Winnell,  Clerk. 

Humphry  Bett^-,tt  Clerk,  M.A.,  was  admitted  to  the  -s-icarage  of 
Bodmin,  vacant  by  the  cession  of  John  Winnell,  Clerk,  last 
incumbent,  upon  the  presentation  of  Sir  Peter  Prideaux  of  Xether- 
ton,  in  CO.  Devon,  Bart.,  the  true  patron. 

Jasper  Wood,  Jl  Clerk,  M.A.,  was  admitted  to  the  -v-icarage  of  Bodmin, 
vacant  by  the  death  of  Humpliry  Betty,  Clerk,  M.A..  upon  the 
presentation  of  Sir  Peter  Prideaux  of  Netherton,  Bart. 


*  Bishop  Voysey's  Keg.  139.  t  "  S'  John  Dagell,  vicker  of  Bodmyn,"  buried  December  15th,  15Gi.    (Par.  Reg.) 

Note.— In  the  Parochial  Register  occnrs  this  entry  of  a  burial:  "  156.     Dec''  2".     S'  John  Lawrance,  Priste." 
%  Burials:  1565.     Stephen  Lyoncs,  vicker  of  Bodmyn.     June  13.     (Par.  Reg.) 
§  1568.    S'  John  Bawden,  vicker  of  Bodmyn,  was  biu-ied  July  21.     (Par.  Reg.) 
II  1635.    M'  John  Saunders,  vicir  of  Bodmin  and  M'  of  y<^  Chancery,  was  buried  Oct.  6. 
^  1611.     Jone  wife  to  Jo.  Bayly,  vicar  of  Bodmen,  bur.  March  3. 

1613.     John  Bayly,  vicar  of  Bodm.in,  buried  June  20. 
**  William  Drake  was  dispossessed  of  his  benefice  at  the  time  of  the  Rebellion, 
ft  Humphrey  Betty  matriculated  at  Exeter  Coll.  Oxford,  5th  June  1651. 

XX  Ja-sper  Wood  was  the  -son  of  Edward  Wood,  of  Exeter,  wooUendrapcr,  the  son  of  Edward  Wood  of  the  same  place, 
vintner  (Deed  in  the  collection  of  the  Author).     He  matriculated  at  Exeter  College,  Oxford,  March  Uith,  1609-70,  being 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY — INSTITUTION'S.  49 

171(>.  Sept.  19  .         .     Henry  Hake,  A.B.,  was  admitted  to  the  vicarage  of  Bodmin  upon 

the  presentation  of  Sir  Edniinid  Prideanx  of  Netlierton,  Bart. 
1722.   May  T)    .         .         .     Samuel  Key,*  Clerk,  A. B.,  was  admitted  to  the  vicarage  of  Bodmin, 

vacant  by  the  cession  of  Henry  Hake,  last  incumbent,  upon  the 

presentation  of  Sir  Edmund  Prideanx  of  Netlierton,  Bart. 
1732.  June  28  .         .     Mathew  Munday,t  B.A.,  was  admitted  upon  the  presentation  of  Sir 

John  Prideanx  of  Netlierton,  Bart. 
17o4.  Deer.  14  .         .     Charles  Daviss,   A.B.,  was  admitted  upon  the   presentation  of  Sir 

John  Pridcaux  of  Netlierton,  Bart. 
1735.  Novr.  4  .         .         .     Anthony  Hoskeu,|  A.B.,  was  admitted  upon  the  presentation  of  Sir 

John  Prideaux  of  Netlierton,  Bart. 
17(57.  May  9    .         .         .     Edmund  Powell, §  A.B.,  was  admitted  upon  the  presentation  of  Dame 

Ann  Prideaux,  widow. 
1778.  July  20.         .  .     John  Pomeroy,||  A.B.,  was  admitted  upon  the  presentation  of  Sir 

Wilmot  Prideaux,  Bart.,  vacant  Ijy  the  death  of  Edmund  Powell. 

Mr.  Ponieroy  died  in  the  reading-desk  of  his  chm-ch,  when  about 

to  say  Divine  Service  before  the  judges  of  assize,  Aijg.  17,  1813. 
1813.  Oct.  8     .  .         .     Robert  Dillon  IT  was  admitted  to  the  vicarage  of  Bodmin,  vacant  by 

the  death  of  John  Pomeroy,  upon  the  presentation  of  Francis  Lord 

De  Dunstanville  and  Basset. 
1817.  Novr.  17         .         .     John   Wallis,   M.A.,**  was  admitted  on  the  resignation  of  Eobert 

Dillon,  ujion  the  presentation  of  Lord  De  Dunstanville. 
18G7.  Juno  27  .         .     Charles  John  Diekinson,tt  B.A.,  was  admitted  upon  the  death  of  John 

Wallis,  u]H)n  the  presentation  of  Dr.  Ryder,  the  true  patron,  pro 

hde  vice,  by  grant  from  John  Francis  Basset  of  Teliidy,  Esq. 
then  16  years  of  age,  and  is  described  as  the  son  of  Edward  Wood,  of  Exeter,  pleb.  He  toolc  his  degree  as  B.A.  1G73,  aud 
proceeded  M.A.  1676.  Lysous  says  "  he  was  a  man  of  deranged  intellects,  fancied  himself  bewitched,  and  that  he  was 
delivered  from  the  witch "s  power  by  his  gnardian  angel."  Mr.  Tonkin  says:  "  There  was  a  printed  account  of  this  man; 
but  we  cannot  meet  with  anyone  who  has  ever  seen  a  copy.  Various  traditions  relating  to  him  are  still  current  in  the 
town."  (Lysons,  p.  34.)  This  broadside  is  in  the  British  Museum,  but  it  seems  to  have  become  so  veiy  rare,  and  is  so 
extraordinary  in  its  character,  and  is,  moreover,  a  matter  of  so  much  mystery  and  curiosity  to  the  inhabitants  of  Bodmin, 
that  we  are  induced  to  reprint  it  at  length  (see  Appendix).     Died  1716.     See  also  Monumental  Inscription,  No.  84. 

•  Samuel  Key,  sou  of  Samuel  Key,  of  Ilminster,  Somerset,  pleb.  matriculated  at  the  age  of  17  years  at  Balliol  Coll. 
Oxford,  23th  May,  1710.     1731.   JI'  Sam.  Key,  viccar,  was  biuied  Dec  31.     (Par.  Reg.) 
t  B.A.  Camb.  1711,  M.A.  1734. 

%  B.A.  Camb.  1732,  M.A.  1738,  Pemb.     Bm-ied  at  Bodmin  24th  November,  17C6.  (P.ar.  Keg.)     Died  21st  November. 
§  Son  of  Thomas  Powell  of  Kcnwyn,  gent.,  matriculated  at  Oxford  27th  March,  1759,  at  the  age  of  20  years,  A.B. 
Magd.  Hall,  2nd  March,  1764. 

II  Son  of  John  Pomeroy  of  Bodmin,  gent.,  matriculated  at  Oxfcnd  at  the  age  of  18  years,  23rd  March,  1771,  A.B. 
Exeter  Coll.  23rd  Fcliruary,  1775.     Buried  at  Bodmin,  aged  CO;  see  M.  1.  No.  22. 

%  Son  of  Kobert  Dillon  of  Penryn,  gent.,  matriculated  at  Oxford,  2i;th  March,  1773,  at  the  age  of  19  years. 
**  Matriculated  at  Exeter  Coll.  Oxford,  17th  December,  1813,  B.A.  7th  July,  1820,  M.A.  20th  March,  1821.     Died 
6th  December  1866,  and  buried  in  Beh-y  Cemetery  Uth  December;  see  M.  I.  Nos.  40  and  101. 

tt  Mr.  Dickinson  is  son  of.  the  late  Bishop  of  Meath,  and  was  educated  at  Trinity  Coll.  Dublin.     He  was  rector  of 
Narraghmore,  co.  Kildare,  which  he  exchanged  with  Dr.  Kydcr  for  this  benefice. 

O 


50 


PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 


THE  PARISH  CHURCH. 


Great  difference  of  opinion  Las  existed  among  authors  with  regard  to  the  present  parish 
chiu-ch  of  Bodmin.  Some  have  contended  that  it  was  originally  the  conventual  church,  and  tliat 
it  was  converted  into  the  parochial  church  after  the  dissolution  of  the  priory.*  Others  that  it  was 
always  botli  parochial  and  monastic,  in  which  latter  number  is  Whitaker,  who  writes  very  confi- 
dently upon  the  subject.t  There  is,  however,  as  it  appears  to  us,  sufficient  evidence  to  show  that 
the  priory  chm-ch  and  the  parochial  chm-ch  were  entirely  distinct.  William  of  Worcester,  writing 
in  1478,  a  few  yeai-s  only  after  the  restoration  of  the  parish  church,  mentions  the  monastic  church 
thus :  "  Longitude  continet  57  passus,  et  latitude  ejusdem  continet  30  steppys  ;"  and  the  parish 
chm-ch  as  being  "  90  steppys  by  40  steppys." 

Leland,  writing  shortly  after  the  dissolution  of  the  priory,  after  alluding  to  the  parish  church 
as  "  a  fair  large  thyng,"  says,  "  I  saw  no  tumbes  in  the  priory  ver}-  notable  but  Thomas  Yiviane's, 
late  prior  there  and  suffragane  by  the  title  of  the  Bishopric  of  Magarensis ;"  and  again,  "  Ther 
lay  buryed  before  the  high  altar  in  a  high  tumbe  of  a  very  darkesche  gray  marble  one  Thomas 
Vivian,  Prior  of  Bodmyn  and  Suffragane  Magarensis  Episcopus.     He  dyed  not  long  since." 

Naylor  had  licence  to  found  his  chantry  either  in  the  parochial  church  of  St.  Petrock  of 
Bodmyn  or  in  the  conventual  church  there ;  whilst  the  prior  is  no  party  to  the  contracts  for  the 
.seats,  nor  is  his  name  mentioned  in  the  accounts  for  rebuilding  the  church,  which,  if  he  had  had 
any  right  in  the  chmch,  could  scarcely  have  been  omitted. 

There  is,  moreover,  other  evidence  bearing  incidentally  upon  this  question,  for  if  we  can  show 
that  the  priory  had  its  separate  churchyard,  it  seems  not  doubtful  that  it  also  had  its  separate 
church.  That  there  was  a  separate  churchyard  for  the  priory  is  clear  fi'om  a  grant  made  by  the 
jjrior  and  convent,  dated  18th  October,  27  Henry  VIII.,^  conveying  to  John  Vy^yan  the  elder 
and  John  VATvan  the  yoimger,  for  term  of  5)9  j-ears  {inter  alia),  two  closes  of  land,  one  called 
the  Vicar's  Close,  described  as  lying  on  the  north  side  of  the  priori/  churchjard ;  and  in  a  deed, 
dated  in  1603,  §  conveying  the  field  called  the  Church  Park,  the  tenement  is  described  as  bounded 
on  the  south  witli  a  close  called  the  Vicar'' s  Meadow ;  and  in  a  deed  of  1C87,||  the  Vicar's  Meadow 
is  said  to  contain  two  acres  of  land,  and  described  as  lying  and  being  between  the  lands  of  John 
Mounsteven,  heretofore  purchased  of  Wilton,^  on  the  east,  the  king's  highway  on  the  south,  divers 
gardens  and  stitches  on  the  west,  and  a  close  of  land,  late  in  the  possession  of  Christopher  Pening- 
ton,  on  the  north. 

These  descriptions  fix  the  locahty  of  the  Vicar's   Close  as  the  meadow  adjoining  the  new 

*  rials,  p.  20.  J  Conrt  of  Augmentation,  Orders  and  Decrees,  vol.  xiii.  f.  45  b. 

t  Ancient  C'^ithcdral  of  Cornwall,  vol.  i.  p.  43  a.  §  Deeds  at  the  prioiT. 

II    Ibid. 

^  The  tenement  called  Rounsevall's  Tenement  in  Prior's  Bam  Lane  belonged  to  John  Wilton  of  St.  Breock,  who,  by 
bis  will  dated  26th  January,  10511,  left  it  to  executors  to  be  sold  for  the  payment  of  his  debts  and  legacies,  who,  by 
deed  dated  2nd  October,  23  Charles  II.,  conveyed  the  same  to  Richard  Opyc,  wliose  representatives,  on  22nd  February,  IGSo, 
sold  the  tenement  to  Francis  Blight,  who  soon  afterward,  by  deed  dated  29th  April,  1U86,  conveyed  it  to  John  Mounsteven. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY — PARISH  CHURCH.  51 

police  station,  on  tlie  soutli  of  which,  across  the  road,  lies  the  present  priory  garden,  in  which  a 
large  quantity  of  ecclesiastical  remains  have  been  discovered,  and  human  bones  at  various  times 
disinterred.  Some  years  ago,  in  making  an  excavation  on  this  site,  a  grave  w&s  discovered  con- 
taining a  perfect  male  skeleton  of  large  size.  We  may,  therefore,  I  think,  safely  conehule  that  the 
present  priory  garclen  was  the  site  of  tlie  priory  church  and  churchyard. 

Tlie  parish  chui'ch  of  Bodmin,  which  is  dedicated  to  St.  Petrock,  is  the  largest  ecclesiastical 
edifice  west  of  Exeter  (see  PI.  vi. )  It  stands  in  a  churchyard  having  an  area  of  one  acre  two 
roods  fifteen  perches,  and  consists  of  a  chancel  of  three  bays,  approached  from  the  nave  by  two 
steps.  The  chancel  is  51  feet  iu  length  by  22  in  breadth,*  and  the  aisles  thereto  are  40  feet  by 
21  feet ;  uave  of  six  bays  100  feet  by  23  feet,  and  nortli  aud  south  aisles  to  the  nave  of  the  same 
length  aud  21  feet  in  breadth  f  (see  PI.  vii.)  The  aisles  are  separated  from  the  nave  by  semi- 
clustered  columns  of  the  usual  form  in  third-pointed  work.  There  is  a  fine  porch  on  the  south 
witii  parvise  chambers  of  two  stories  over  it,  each  about  11  feet  square,  approached  by  a  newelled 
staii'case.  The  floor  of  the  upper  room  has  fiillen  ;  |  in  the  lower  is  a  fire-place  and  arched  recess. 
There  is  also  a  tower  of  three  stages  on  the  north  side  of  tlie  church,  the  walls  of  which,  at  the 
base,  are  eight  feet  thick.  This  tower  was  formerly  surmounted  by  a  spire  100  feet  high,  which 
was  struck  down  by  lightning  on  the  9th  December  1699.  The  chancel  and  chancel-aisles  are 
not  jiarallel  witii  the  nave,  but  orientate  towards  the  north  about  three  degrees. 

The  roofs  are  of  the  wagon  style  and  jilastered  between  the  ribs,  the  intersections  of  which 
are  ornamented  with  carved  bosses  ;  some  of  them  armorial,  otliers  grotesque — masks  with  tongues 
protruding;  and  others  with  faces  of  various  forms — birds,  triangles,  knots,  foliage,  &c.,  &c.  Of 
the  heraldic  shields  it  may  be  desirable  to  say  a  few  words,  as  they  illustrate  the  alliances  of  old 
Bodmin  families,  of  some  of  wln'cli  we  have  no  other  record. 

On  tlie  fiftii  rib  westward  from  the  chancel-arch  we  find  armorial  bosses  all  relating  to  the 
family  of  Lucombe.§  On  the  centre  boss  is  the  .shield^  of  Lucombe  only.  On  the  two  on  the 
south,  Lucombe  impales  Sergeaux"  and  Heligan ;  ^  and  on  the  two  on  the  north  Lucombe  im- 
pales Calmady*  and  Prideaux.' 

On  the  se\enth  rib  occur  tlie  arms  of  Gurlyn''  in  various  stages  of  completeness.     Two  only 

*  The  roodscrecn  remained  until  the  year  1775,  when,  upou  the  erection  of  the  new  organ,  itwas  removed  lest  it  should 
obstrurt  the  sound  !     (Bodmin  Reg.  p.  48.)     In  the  corporation  accounts,  under  the  year  1698-9,  we  find  the  following 

entry  :  "July  23.     Paid  Watt  ford  for  painting  the  Rude and  making  the  commandments  and  writing  the  two  ta'>U'ts 

with  gold  letters  and  providing  oyle  colours  aud  gold  for  the  same,  £G  8s.  Orf." 

t  The  Rom.an  passus  was  .5ft.,  being  the  distance  covered  by  the  same  leg  from  its  being  raised  to  its  being  again  set 
on  the  ground;  but  we  reckon  the  pace  at  half  that  distance  or  2Jft.  The  step  mentioned  by  William  of  Worcester  would 
bo  tlie  processional  step  of  1ft.  Sin.  or  three  steps  to  5ft.  Upon  this  data  the  size  of  the  parish  church,  150ft.  by  65ft., 
agrees  exactly  with  the  dimensions  given  by  the  old  chronicler.  According  to  the  same  rule  the  size  of  the  priory  chnrch 
in  our  measurement  would  be  95ft.  by  50ft. 

J  It  gave  way  about  tlie  middle  of  the  last  century  whilst  Mr.  Wallis,  an  attoniey  of  Canielford,  was  examining  papers 
within  it,  these  rooms  having  been  formerly  used  as  record  and  council  rooms.     (Bodmin  Reg.  p.  9.) 

§  The  arms,  which  display  no  tinctures,  appear  thus: 

1.  A  saltier  between  four  mullets  (should  be  estoilcs).         4.  A  chevron  between  three  pears. 

2.  A  saltier  between  twelve  chen-ies.  5.  A  chevron,  and  a  label  of  three  points. 

3.  On  a  bend  three  stag's  heads  cabossed.  6.  On  a  bend  cntiscd  three  fleurs  de  lis. 


52 


PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 


are  properly  finished,  and  another,  though  completed,  displays  the  arms,  through  the  igno- 
rance of  the  workman,  in  versed.  Two  others,  though  partly  formed,  remain  in  block.  Hemy 
Giu-lyn  was  vicar  during  the  rebuilding  of  the  church,  but  died  a  little  more  than  a  jear  before 
the  work  Avas  completed,  and  probably,  upon  his  death,  the  carving  of  his  arms,  then  in  progress, 
ceased. 

In  the  north  chancel-aisle  are  four  armorial  bosses  also  relating  to  the  family  of  Lucombe : — 
1.  A  chev.  betw.  three  (laurel  ?)  leaves  impaling  Lucombe  on  the  sinister  side.  It  is  pro- 
bable that  this  coat  is  intended  for  Tre- 
lawney,  though  the  leaves  are  not  of 
oak  and  are  inverted.  Ai-e .  they  the 
arms  of  Treleaven  ?  * 

2.  Lucombe  impaling  three  heads 
couped  (but  whether  of  birds  or  beasts 
is  uncertain  in  consequence  of  the  rude- 
ness of  the  carving)  betw.  two  cotises. 

3.  Between  cotises  three  keys  im- 
paling Lucombe. 

4.  Prideaux  impaling  Lucombe. 
Li  the  north  aisle  of  the  nave,  near 

the  west  end,  occurs  another  boss  carved 
with  the  arms  of  Lucombe.  t 

The  whole  buildino:  is  of  third- 
pointed  work  and  was  almost  entirely  rebuilt  in  the  reiga  of  King  Edward  IV.  Minute  accountsf 
of  the  siuns  received,  and  the  manner  in  which  the  amount  was  expended  in  rebuilding  the 
church,  are  preserved  among  the  records  of  the  corporation.  From  these  interesting  documents 
we  may  learn  the  rates  of  labour  and  the  price  of  building  materials  which  obtained  at  the  time 
the  work  was  executed.  Quarrymeu  received  Sd.  a-day,  and  cutters  of  stone  for  the  windows, 
pillars,  &c.,  Gd.  a-day.     The  whole  sura  expended  was  194/.  3.«.  Gid. 

The  work  was  performed  dm-ing  the  years  1469  to  1472,  in  wliich  latter  year  the  roof  was 
completed,  as  is  shown  by  this  inscription  carved  on  the  cornice  of  the  northern  side  of  the  south 
chancel-aisle,  an°iin'ifa°rcrf°In°i)''l)Oma  f  C'ln  fuit.  The  tower  and  the  north  aisle  of  the  chancel 
seem  to  have  been  built  at  an  earlier  date. 

The  east  window  of  the  chancel,  which,  in  large  square  panes  of  badly-painted  glass,  repre- 
sents the  Ascension  of  Our  Lord,  was  set  up  in  1824,  being  the  gift  of  Lord  De  Dunstain-ille. 
The  north  chancel-aisle  has  an  east  window,  4  It.  5  fo.  ogee,  with  tracery  in  the  head.     On  the 


12    3     to 


OKIGINAL  WEST  DOCK. 


*  There  are  no  arms  recorded  in  the  Heralds'  College  for  this  name. 

t  A  saltier  between  four  estoiles  (estoiles  and  mullets  arc  freely  intcnnixed  in  these  shields  of  Lncombe). 
J  These  accounts  are  being  edited  for  the  Camden  Society  by  the  Uer.  J.  J.  Wilkinson,  M.A.  Hector  of  Lantcgli 
by  Camelford. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY — PARISH  CHURCH.  53 

north  side  are  three  windows,  3  It.  5fo.,  with  tracery  over;  the  easternmost  one  being  filled  with 
painted  ghiss  in  memory  of  John  Watkin.  In  this  aisle  is  now  jilaced  the  remarkable  altar-tomb 
of  Prior  Vivian,  which  was  removed  from  the  chancel.*  Li  the  south-east  angle  is  a  small  piscina. 
The  south  chancel-aisle  has  an  east  window  of  6  It.  5  fo.  ogee,  and  in  the  south  wall  are  three 
windows,  4  It.  5  fo.,  with  traceiy.  There  is  a  priest's  door  in  this  aisle,  and  evidence  of  a  rood- 
loft  staircase  in  the  wall,  which  has  been  built  up. 

Until  lately  the  westernmost  bay  of  the  nave  was  divided  off  fi-om  the  church  to  form  an 
entrance-porch  and  vestry,  with  an  organ-gallery  t  over.  This  excrescence  has  now  been  removed, 
gi\-ing  place  to  an  internal  wooden  porch  only.  The  organ  has  been  placed  in  the  north  chancel 
aisle,  and  a  temporary  vestry  is  constructed  in  the  south  chancel-aisle,  composed  of  screens  of 
carved  wood-work  from  old  bench-ends.  By  these  means  the  western  window  of  the  nave,  which 
is  of  five  lights  with  tracery  over,  has  been  restored  and  opened  to  the  church,  and  has  been 
filled  with  painted  glass  as  a  memorial  to  the  Rev.  John  Wallis,  vicar,  lately  deceased.  The  fixing 
of  the  window  was  completed  Feb.  8,  1868. 

The  north  aisle  is  latitudinally  continuous  with  the  nave,  and  besides  the  western  window  of 
5  It.  f)  fo.  has  five  windows,  4  It.  5  fo.  on  the  north  side,  and  a  north  door  beneath  one  of  the 
windows,  which  is  consequently  curtailed.  The  south  aisle  is  also  continuous  with  the  nave. 
It  has  a  western  window  of  6  It.  5  fo.  with  tracery,  and  five  windows  in  the  south  wall  similar 
to  those  in  the  south  chancel-aisle.  A  little  east  of  the  south  door  is  a  small  door  leading  to  the 
staircase  of  the  parviso,  and  in  the  western  bay  is  the  fine  Norman  font  figured  by  Lysons,  and 
near  it  stands  a  remarkable  pillar  piscina,  removed  from  the  chancel  and  now  pierced  with  central 
slit  and  otherwise  fitted  up  as  an  alms-box.     There  is  one,  precisely  similar  in  form,  at  Mylor. 

The  fa(^ade  of  the  south  porch  has  three  niches,  with  pedestals  and  ogee  crocketed  canopies, 
but  the  figures  are  gone.     The  porch  and  part  of  the  church  have  a  parapet-wall  battlemented. 

*  On  the  removal  of  the  tomb  the  prior's  bones  were  fonnd  within  it,  translated  from  the  priory  church. 

t  Mention  is  made  of  "  organcs  "  in  the  ancient  municipal  records,  and  in  the  time  of  Henry  VII.  "  the  standing  of 
the  organes." 

The  present  organ,  which  is  said  (Bodmin,  Reg.  p.  10.)  to  be  a  very  fine  one  built  in  1775  by  Brice  Seede  of  Bristol, 
was  the  gift  of  George  Hunt,  of  Lanliydrock,  Esq.  and  James  Laroche,  Esq.  the  then  burgesses  in  Parliament  for 
the  borough,  and  was  ornamented  by  escutcheons  of  their  arms.  Laroche.  Quarterly:  1  and  4,  Argent,  a  rook  proper, 
differenced  with  a  mullet;  2  and  3,  Azure,  in  the  sinister  base  an  eagle  sitting  on  a  rock  proper,  regarding  the  sun  in 
splendour  in  dexter  chief.  On  an  escutcheon  of  pretence,  Gules,  a  chevron  between  three  spearheads  argent,  for 
Ycomum.     Crest,  A  rook  proper. 

The  Laroches  are  said  to  have  been  stewards  to  the  Earls  of  Radnor,  and  tlie  last  earl  of  the  Robartes'  family,  by  his 
will  dated  175C,  gave  extensive  lands  in  Cornwall  to  James  Laroche,  mentioned  above,  and  Elizabeth  and  Catherine  his 
sisters,  three  of  the  children  of  John  Laroche.  James  Laroche  was  created  a  baronet  by  the  title  of  Sir  James  Laroche 
of  Over,  in  Almondsbury,  co.  Gloucester,  in  1776.  He  mortgaged  his  lands  in  Cornwall  to  Peter  Calmer,  who  seems  to 
have  entered  into  possession,  but,  by  his  will  dated  20th  March  1700,  gave  Sir  James  Laroche  power  to  redeem,  under 
which,  in  1792,  the  whole  of  the  lands  were  sold,  and  realized  the  sum  of  £44,151.  Sir  James  Laroche  married  Elizabeth- 
Rachel-Ann,  daughter  and  heir  of  William  Ycomans  of  the  Island  of  Antigua,  but,  dying  circa.  1805  s.  p.  the  title  became 
extinct.     The  organ  has  lately  been  enlarged  and  improved  by  Ilele  of  Truro. 

Hunt.  Quarterly:  1  and  4,  Party  per  pale  argent  and  sable,  a  saltier  counterehangcd ;  2  and  3,  Az\u-c,  three  estoilcs 
or,  a  chief  wavy  of  the  second.     Crest:  A  dog  sable,  sejant,  collared  and  chained  or,  and  fastened  to  a  stake. 

P 


54  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 

Among  the  corporation  records  is  preserved  the  original  contract  for  seating  this  chnrch.  It 
is  dated  the  9th  day  of  December  1491,  nearly  20  years  after  the  completion  of  the  chin'ch,  and 
provides  that,  in  consideration  of  the  sum  of  four  score  and  fifteen  pounds,  the  contractor,  one 
Matthy  More,  carpenter,  shall,  before  Michaelmas  1495,  "  make  or  do  to  be  made  fully  newe 
cliayrs  and  seges  and  iiij  renges  tliurghoute  all  the  body  of  the  sayde  churge,  after  the  furme  and 
makyug  of  tlie  chayrs  and  seges  yn  Seynt  Mary  Churge  of  Plympton,  that  ys  to  sa}' :  the  2 
mydde  Eenges  12  fete  and  halfe  in  lenght,  and  the  2  syde  Kenges  7  fete  jni  length,  and  a  conve- 
uyent  pulpyte  }'n  the  sayde  pj'sh  chui'ge  of  BodmjTi  after  the  fui'me  and  makjng  of  the  pulpyte 
}ni  the  parysh  Chnrge  of  Mourton  yn  hemstede,  that  ys  to  say,  wt  suffyeient  Tymber  Wenscote 
and  workmanshyp,  accordyng  to  the  chayrs  and  seges  yn  the  sayde  parysh  Chm'ge  of  Plympton, 
and  the  sayde  pulpyte  accordyng  to  the  sayde  pulpyte  yn  the  sayde  parysh  Churge  of  Mourton,  or 
better."  The  tymber  wenscote  was  to  be  provided  by  the  town ;  and  it  is  remarkable  that  it  was 
to  be  brought  from  Wales  to  Wadebridge. 

Mattliy  More  seems  to  have  executed  his  work  in  a  very  satisfactory  manner.  Many  of  the 
old  carved  bench-ends  which  were  removed  from  their  original  position  when  the  church  was 
repewed  in  1819,  still  remain  in  the  church.  Some  of  them  have  been  woi'ked  into  screens,  and 
others  lie  rotting  in  the  pai'vise  chamber.  Among  them  is  one  containing  a  curious  specimen 
of  mediieval  caricature.  A  fox  is  shown  in  a  pulpit  preaching  to  seven  geese.*  He  wears  a 
cowl,  and  doubtless  is  intended  to  represent  a  friar  mendicant,  between  which  order  and  the 
secular  clergy  little  love  2)revailed.  The  remains  of  a  similar  carving  exists,  though  intentionally 
defaced. 

There  is  also  preserved  one  of  the  carved  angle-buttressed  pinnacles  of  the  old  pulpit,  which 
shows  signs  of  elaborate  gilding  and  colour.  Three  sides  of  the  body  of  the  old  pulpit,  cut  out  of 
one  solid  piece  of  timber,  may  still  be  seen  in  the  chm-eli  itself.  On  its  panels  remain  vestiges  of 
paintings  of  personages.  One  has  a  bushy  Mhite  beard,  but  the  paintings  are  nearly  invisible 
from  age.  On  the  second  panel  is  said  to  have  been  written,  "  Fac  opus  evangelista?,"  2  Tim. 
ch.  iv.  V.  5,  and  this  inscription,  with  a  modern  date,  has  been  carved  on  the  ornamental  moulding 
of  tlie  new  pulpit,  which,  in  design,  is  very  similar  to  the  old  one,  except  that  it  is  destitute  of 
the  coloured  decoration  which  its  predecessor  possessed.f 

We  have  adverted  to  the  destruction  of  the  spire  by  lightning  in  1699,  "  which  in  an  instant 
was  thrown  down  and  tlie  tower  much  impaired,  the  bells,  planchings,  and  beams  thereof  being 
all  broken  down,  and  the  chm'ch  much  rifled  and  broken."  With  laudable  zeal  a  court  of  Com- 
mon Council  was  held  on  December  the  11th,  two  days  only  after  the  catastrophe,  when  it  was 
resolved  that  Mr.  Mayor  should  forthwith  proceed  in  the  rejiair  thereof ;  and  because  the  revenues 
of  the  corporation  were  msufficient  to  meet  the  expense,  and  no  church-rate  had  ever  been  made 

*  The  exemplification  of  this  conceit  is  by  no  means  uncommon.  An  interesting  example  formerly  existed  in  the 
great  window  of  the  north  transept  of  St.  Martin's  Church,  Leicester,  engraved  by  Nichols  from  a  drawing  by  Mr.  Peek 
made  in  1730.     Xichols's  Leicestershire,  vol.  i.  pi.  xliii.  p.  590. 

t  The  church  when  completed  must  have  been  very  sumptuous  in  its  decorations.  We  find  in  the  accounts  of  the 
eceiTers-geueral  of  the  borough  numerous  charges  for  its  adornment  extending  down  to  the  end  of  the  reign  of  Henry  VII. ; 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY — PARISH  CHURCH.  55 

within  the  borough,  the  inliabitants  expressed  their  willingness  to  contribute  for  the  purpose  ;  such 
contributions  not  to  be  in  prejudice  of  the  ancient  custom  and  rights  of  all  the  parishioners,  who 
always  paid,  and  should  pay,  four  nobles  yearly,  and  no  more,  to  the  mayor  and  burgesses,  in 
lieu  and  fldl  satisfaction  of  the  yearly  rcjiairs  of  the  church  and  for  the  sacramental  wine.  Ac- 
cordingly a  sum  of  227/.  9«.  l^d.  was  raised  by  voluntary  subscriptions,  and  was  expended  on  the 
repair  of  the  church,  tower,  and  bells,  but  the  spzVe  was  not  restored. 

The  tower  at  the  time  of  the  accident  contained  a  peal  of  six  bells.    To  what  extent  they  were 

and,  as  the  guilds  liad  been  active  in  their  assistance  to  raise  the  structure,  so  were  they  in  its  subsequent  decoration.     We 

find,  under  the  date  of  21  and  22  Henry  VII.: 

"  Item.  rec.  by  the  handes  of  Thorn's  I'lympton  and  John  Andrews  of  the  ilde  of  Seynte  Anna,  the  wich  was 

borrowed  of  the  yld  of  Corpus  Christi,  to  tlie  paynting  of  the  Assumc'on  of  cure  Lady  in  the  parish 

church XX  s. 

2,H  and  24  Henry  VII. 
"Item,  reocvcd  by  the  handes  of  Harry  Hoyge  of  the  ylde  of  Seynte  Leonard,  paynting  of  oon  hystory  in  the 

roode  lofte xxxiijs.  iiijd. 

"Item.  rec.  by  the  handes  of  John  Weber  of  the  ylde  of  .John  Baptists  to  the  paynting  of  oon  hystory  in  the 

"Item.  rec.  by  the  handes  of  Thomas  Herott of  the  yldes  Seynt  Dunstan  and  Seynte payntyng 

roode  lotto 

"Item.  rec.  by  the  handes  of  Pascoe  Harry Venn  of  the  ilde  Seynte  Martyn  unto  the  same  w ' 

The  following  payments  also  occnr: 
"  Item.  I  paide  of  ire  and  workmanship  for  the  fastcnyng  of  the  draughtes  afore  the  roode  lofte. 
"  Item.  I  paide  Cristofcr  Paynter  in  full  payment  for  the  paynting  of  iiij  hystories  in  the  roode  lofte '  xv  s." 

The  following  items  will  al.so  be  read  with  interest  as  connected  with  the  church: 
IG  and  17  Henry  VII. 

"  Item.  I  paide  Rieli;ird  Clerk  for  his  attendance  vpon  the  org.<ines vj  s.  yiiij  d. 

18  and  19  Henry  VII. 
"  Item.  I  paide  to  the  clokmaker  for  mending  of  the  clock,  &c xij  viij." 

So  that  at  this  eai"ly  date  the  church  possessed  both  an  organ  and  a  clock.  The  former,  however,  seems  not  to  have 
been  satisfactory,  for  soon  afterwards  we  find  a  new  organ  was  provided: 

22  and  23  Henry  VII. 
"  Item,  paide  for  the  fi-ayght  of  the  organes  fro'  London  vnto  Fowy,  and  for  bote  hyre  fro'  Fowy  to  Lost- 

withiell,  and  in  othere  expenses  don  vppon  the  bryngj-ng  home  of  the  same  organes,  hit  amountith  to   ...  xj  s.  j  d. 

"  Item.  I  paide  for  to  make  the  full  payment  for  the  organes  for  the  xxiiij  of  there  part  liijs.  iiij  d." 

That  is  the  proportion  paid  by  the  twenty-four  capital  burgesses. 

Moreover,  as  the  church  was  sumptuous  in  its  decorations  so  was  it  rich  in  its  jewels,  plate,  and  vestments.  Mr.  Wallis 
has  printed  (Bod.  Keg.  p.  US,)  an  assignment  of  cliurch  goods  dated  in  1539,  and  made  by  John  Blygh,  mayor,  to  Ricliard 
Coundey  and  Adam  OryHith,  wardens  of  the  parish  church  of  St.  Petroek  in  Bodmin,  "  to  the  use  of  the  said  church,  and 
at  ther  rule  to  be  gyded  and  occupycd  to  the  honor  of  God  in  the  said  church."  During  the  following  reign  at  Bodmyn  as 
elsewhere,  crosses  and  candlesticks,  ships  and  censers,  chalices,  and  other  articles  of  silver  used  in  divine  service  were 
purloined  by  the  Reformers,  and  carried  off.  Nevertheless  we  find  among  the  municipal  records  another  deed  of  assignment, 
dated  the  Sunday  next  after  the  feast  of  St.  Michael  the  Archangel,  8  IClizabeth,  whereby  Nicholas  Cory,  mayor  of  tlie 
town,  assigns  unto  RichariJ  Water  and  Tliomas  Cole,  wardens,  and  their  successors  wardens  of  the  church,  many  rich 
vestments  with  candlesticks  and  other  articles  of  latcu;  but,  with  the  exception  of  two  conmiunion  cups  of  silver,  there 
was  no  precious  metal.  These  goods  and  ornaments  were  assigned  to  the  churchwardens  "  to  be  used  and  occupied  to  the 
honor  of  God  in  the  same  church."  This  document  possesses  very  great  interest,  especially  at  this  time,  affording  evidence, 
as  it  docs,  th:it  the  wliole  of  the  articles  now  in  dispute  were  used  in  Bodmin  Church  in  the  worship  of  God,  as  a  matter  of 
course,  as  late  as  the  eighth  year  of  Queen  Elizabeth.     This  important  document  is  printed  in  the  Appendix. 


56  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 

injured  does  not  clearly  appear,  but  it  is  presumed  they  were  all  broken,  as  a  sum  of  77/.  was  paid 
to  Mr.  Christopher  Pennington,  the  bellfounder,  on  account  of  them.  They  were,  however,  all 
again  recast  by  Thomas  Rudhall,  at  Gloucester,  into  a  peal  of  eight  smaller  ones  in  1767.  On  the 
clock  *  in  the  tower  is  the  following  inscription  : — 

"  Francis  John  Hext,  Esq^  Mayor.     17(39." 
"  Hercules  Rickard,  Fecit,  Exeter." 
On  the  bells,  the  following  if 

1st  Bell.    "  When  you  us  ring,  we'll  sweetly  sing.     1767." 

2nd.   ,,       "  Peace  and  good  neighbourhood.     1767." 

3rd.    „      "  Fear  God.     Honoiu-  the  King.     1767." 

4th.    „      "  Thomas  Rudhall  cast  us  all.     1767." 

5th.    „      "  Prosperity  to  the  town  of  Bodmyn.     T  ^  R.     1767." 

6th.    „       "  Prosperaty  (sic)  to  this  Parish.     1808." 

7th.    „      "  John    Pomeroy  Esq"^.    Mayor,    Wilham    Stacey   and  Nicholas   Craddock, 

Churchwardens.     T  ^  R.     1767." 
8th.    ,,      "  I  to  the  Church  the  Hving  call 

"  And  to  the  grave  do  summon  all.     1767." 
The  sixth  bell,  having  been  cracked,  was  again  recast  in  1808. 

In  addition  to  these  bells  in  the  tower  there  was,  until  1814,  a  small  bell  called  the  tinking 
(tinkling^)  b'cll,  fixed  over  the  western  door  of  the  church,  which  has  been  transferred  to  Minster. 
It  is  inscribed  "  Com,  prais  the  Lord,  1727." 

The  western  fi-ont  was  rebuilt  in  a  debased  style  in  1814.  The  original  door  was  a  fine 
Norman  structure.     (See  engraving,  p.  52.) 

In  the  north  aisle,  against  the  wall  of  the  tower,  is  a  painting  of  the  arms  of  William  III. 
Tliis  was  set  up  in  the  mayoralty  of  George  De  Montfi-yart,  1694-5,  as  appears  from  the 
Mayor's  Accoimts  for  that  year.J     Mr.  Waihs  mentions  that  before  the  alterations  in  1817  on  the 

•  The  chimes  play  every  fourth  hour  :  the  times  are,  Psalms  cxiii.  civ.  c,  "  Briton's  (.«;>),  strike  home  !  "  "  God  save 
y^  King,"  and  the  "  March  in  Scipio." 

f  We  find  various  charges  in  the  accounts  of  the  receivers-general  of  the  borough  in  connection  with  the  bells : 
It  appears  that  as  early  as  21  and  22  Henry  VIII.  one  of  the  bells  was  sent  to  Bristol  to  be  recast.     Charges  occur  for 
the  carriage  of  the  bell  from  Bodmin  to  Padstow,  and  again  on  its  being  brought  back  from  Padstow  to  Pendevy,  and 
thence  to  Bodmin. 

On  18th  January,  1691,  the  mayor  (G.  Demonfryart)  and  common  council  agreed  with  Christopher  Pennington  to 
rehang  the  five  bells  for  the  sum  of  £10,  and  to  keep  the  said  bells  in  repair  during  his  life  for  20s,  yearly. 
Numerous  charges  occur  of  payments  made  to  the  ringers  for  ringing  on  great  public  events. 

In  the  Register  of  Baptisms  we  find  the  following  entry,  "  Mr.  Joanes,  churchwarden,  made  the  changes  to  our  beells 
in  the  yeere  1634." 

J  "  The  Charges  of  y«  King's  Armes:  £   s.    d. 

"  P'' M' W°  Hodge  for  deales,  &c 2    6    9\ 

P"  Tho.  Beard  for  6  dealds   0  15    o|       £    s.    d. 

P*  Tho.  Beard  for  his  labour    2     0    0)      16     2     4.' 

P''  for  14  bookes  of  gold  and  other  materials 3     0 

P'' Wiilter  Hford  for  drawing  the  armes  and  sentences    8    0    0) 


ECCLESIASTICAL  niSTORY — PARISH  CHURCH.  57 

walls  of  the  church  were  written  or  suspended  on  tablets  ^•arious  sentences  from  Scripture,  the 
table  of  degrees  within  which  people  cannot  marry,  and  the  letter  of  King  Chai-les  I.  to 
the  inhaliitants  of  Cornwall.  These  were  destroyed.  The  King's  letter  was  set  up  in  the  mayor- 
alty of  Hugh  Hobbs,  1(382-3.* 

The  responsibility  of  keeping  in  repair  the  parish  ehureh  and  of  providing  what  is  necessary 
for  Divine  Ser\'ice,  for  wliicli  a  church  rate  is  usually  made  in  other  places,  has,  at  Bodmin,  so 
far  back  as  historical  records  extend,  always  been  admitted  by  the  mayor  and  burgesses.  One 
churchwarden  is  appointed  by  the  vicar  and  the  other  by  the  mayor.  In  early  times,  long  before 
the  period  of  the  Reformation,  receivers-general  were  appointed  to  account  for  the  revenues  of 
"  the  parish  chm-ch  of  St.  Petrock  and  town  of  Bodmin."  These  accounts  are  preserved  from  the 
13th  Edw.  IV.  (1473),  immediately  after  the  completion  of  the  present  chui'ch,  and  are,  in  many 
respects,  most  interesting.  They  are  usually  known  as  the  Mayors'  Accounts.  They  commence 
in  each  year  on  the  feast  of  St.  Francis  the  Confessor  (Oct.  4),  and  thus  agree  with  the  term  of 
office  of  each  mayor,  whoso  name  usually  is  shown  at  the  head  of  the  account. 

There  is  also  among  the  corporation  archives  another  set  of  accounts,  though  in  a  far  worse 
condition,  having  suffered  more  from  damp  and  neglect.  These  are  the  churchwardens'  accounts, 
and  commence  in  1484.  The  expenses  of  the  church  in  detail  would  seem  to  have  been  paid 
by  the  churchwardens,  for  which  purpose  moneys  were  advanced  by  the  receivers-general.  In 
addition  to  which  the  churchwardens  debited  themselves  with  receipts  of  rents  of  assise  of 
various  lands  and  tenements,  collections  in  the  parish  church,  fees  for  burial  within  the  church, 
which  was  usually  10«.  beside  the  fee  of  12d.  to  the  vicar,  obiits,  &c.  Their  expenditure  consisted 
of  repairs  of  the  chm-eh,  tower,  and  bells,  and  tlie  purchase  of  wax,  books,  vestments,  and  other 
ornaments  of  the  church.  These  accounts  cease  about  the  middle  of  the  I'eign  of  King 
Henry  VIII. 

Among  the  credits  of  the  receivers-general  are  a  large  number  of  items  received  from  persons 
for  putting  their  names,  or  the  names  of  their  friends,  upon  the  tables  ;   e.ff. — 

21  and  22  Hen.  VII. 
Item.  Rec.  of  the  geyfte  of  John  Pele  to  set  iij  names  vpon  tabyls,  a  maser  cuppe 

and  vj  sjwnys  of  silver,  the  wieh  sold  to  Tiioms  huett  for         .         .         .         .  .  xx  s. 

Item.  Rec.  by  the  handf  of  WiUiam  Coch   a  rede  gurdelle  harnesshed  with  silu,  of  the 
geyfte  of  Margarete  Wattf  to  the  chm'ch. 

The  payments,  however,  were  usually  in  money. 

10  aTul  11  H.  VII. 
Item.   Of  Phylypp  late  the  wyfe  of  John  Carmynowe,  Esquyer,  to  sett  ye  apon  y"  tabyll         xx  s. 
Item.   By  the  handf  of  Jane  Eggecombe,  late  the  wyfe  of  liychard  Eggeeombe,  Knyght, 

to  sett  the"  apon  y°  tabyll    ...........  xx  s. 

Item.  Payed  to  Mast   Vicarye  for  the  redyng  of  the  tabyllys xl  s. 

'  "  Item,  paid  Mr.  BoiToughs  for  drawing  or  writing  of  the  King's  Ictt'  in  our  cliurch 10s." 


58  PAKISH  OF  BODMIN. 

23  and  24  Hen.  VII. 
The  following  items  are  of  interest : 

Item.   I  paide  for  wyneyevyn\-nto  John  RobjTi  ofBlisland  vppon  the  yevynge  of  a  tree  .  iiij  d. 

Item.  I  paid  for  ij  trees  of  him  bought         .........  ijs.  vj  d. 

Item.  I  paide  for  the  carriage  of  a  tree  fro  Cabilia  of  the  yeftc  of  ffountleroy          .         .  xx  d. 

Item.  I  paide  for  the  carriage  of  a  tree  of  the  yefte  of  Sir  John  Erode  .         .         .         .  'V'ij  d. 

MONUMENTS. 

(1).  The  most  striking  and  imjjortant  monument  in  the  church  is  the  tomb  of  prior  Vivian,* 
in  the  north  chancel  aisle,  which  we  have  mentioned  as  having  been  originally  in  the  priory 
church ;  and  this  view  is,  moreover,  supported  by  the  inscription  on  the  tomb  itself,  in  which  the 
deceased  is  described  as  "  huj usque  domus  Prior." 

When  the  priory  church  was  destroyed,  of  the  date  of  which  we  have  failed  to  discover  any 
record,  though  Hals  says  it  was  dilapidated  and  demolished  when  he  wrote — and  Carew  does  not 
allude  to  it,  it  is  probable  that  the  prior's  tomb  was  removed  into  the  parish  church  for 
preservation. 

This  monument  is  an  altar-tomb  about  7  feet  long  and  3  feet  high,  made  of  a  dark  grey 
stone  from  tlie  Cataeluse  quarries  in  St.  Merrin,  near  Padstow.  It  supports  a  recimibent  effigy 
of  the  deceased,  habited,  having  his  mitre  on  his  head  and  embracing  his  pastoral  staff",  hi.s 
hands  being  placed  together  in  an  attitude  of  prayer.  The  four  corners  were  decorated  with 
figures  of  angels  supporting  the  effigy  and  holding  shields  charged  with  the  arms  of  Vivian  f  and 
of  the  priory ;  J  but  the  figui-es  have  been  much  mutilated.  The  sides  of  the  tomb  are  each 
divided  into  three  panels.  In  the  centre  ones  are  escutcheons  borne  by  angels  and  displaying  the 
arms  of  the  prior  and  priory  respectively.  Tlie  other  four  contain  figures  of  the  Evangelists, 
accompanied  by  their  distinctive  emblems. 

On  the  panel  at  the  head  are  sculptured  the  arms  of  King  Hemy  VIII.  France  and  England 
quarterly,  surmounted  by  a  crown  and  supported  by  a  greyhound  and  a  griffin ; — the  Tudor 
badges  (portcullis  and  rose)  being  also  introduced.  On  the  corresponding  panel,  at  the  foot,  is 
represented  an  angel  holding  a  shield  charged  with  a  cross-flory  crowned,  resting  on  an  orb, 

*  The  seal  of  Prior  Vivian,  inscribed  "  sigillum  thome  megabensis,"  represents  him  in  a  supplicating  posture 
before  the  Vu-gin  and  Holy  Infant. 

The  seal  of  the  priory  itself,  inscribed  (see  Oliver)  "  sigillu'  co'ie  pkioeatus  sancte  mabie  et  sancti 
PETEOCI  DE  BODMYN,"  contained,  under  canopies,  effigies  of  the  Holy  Virgin  (holding  in  her  onus  the  Infant  Saviour) 
and  St.  Petrock  with  pastoral  staff,  and  right  hand  raised  in  benediction,  their  names,  "  S  •  MAEIB  •  s.  PETEO  •  "  being 
beneath.    Below  was  a  shield  of  arms,  three  fish  in  pale. 

Rev.  J.  Wallis  (Bodmin  Register)  states  that,  attached  to  the  east  end  of  the  church  and  communicating  with  it, 
stood  a  small  chapel  taken  ioyra  in  1776.  It  is  difScult,  however,  to  understand  how  such  could  have  ever  been  there,  as 
the  ground  rises  so  abruptly  as  to  leave  no  space  for  it. 

t  Or,  on  a  chevron  azure  three  annulets  of  the  field  between  three  lion's  heads  erased  proper,  on  a  chief  gules  three 
martlets  argent. 

J  Three  fish  in  pale  naiant,  probably  salmon,  in  allusion  to  the  fishery  in  the  Alan  for  centuries  possessed  by  the 
priory. 


ECCLESIASTICAX  HISTORY — MONUMENTS.  •  59 

which  arc  said  to  be  the  firms  of  King  Edgar.     Ai-ound  the  upper  ledge  of  the  tomb,  in  incised 
Lombardic  capitals  filled  with  metal,  is  tliis  legend : — 

'*  HIC  •  T^'MILATV  ....  VENERABILIS  :  PATER  " 
TOMAS  .-.  VIVIAN    •     MEGARENSIS  "  EP'VS 
HVIVSQE  DOJIVS  PRIOR  QVI  OBIIT  ANNO 
D'NI  :  M.D.XXXIII  PRIMO  DIE  IVNU 
CVIVS CIETVR  DEVS  AMEN." 

A  brass  plate  inlaid  on  the  top  of  the  tomb  is  inscribed — 

"  Tills  Tomb,  which  originally  stood  before  the  High  Altar,  was  repaired  in  1819  by  Sir 
Vyell  Vyvyan,  Bart.,  the  Legal  Representative  of  the  Prior." 

[Tlie  other  monuments  in  the  church,  including  three  windows  containing  memorial  stained 
glass,  occur  in  the  following  order.] 

Chancel. 

(2).  A  white  marble  slab  in  the  floor  thus  inscribed : — 

Beneath  this  stone  are  deposited  *  the  remains  of  Susanna  Hosken,  widow  of  the  Rev"^  Anthony 
Hosken,  and  daughter  of  the  Rev'*  W™  Pennington.  She  departed  this  Hfe  May  3'',  1791,  aged  72  years. 
Arms: — Party  per  pale  azure  and  gules,  a  chevron  or,  between  three  lions  ramp.  arg'.  (Hosken).  On  an 
escutcheon  of  pretence,  Or,  five  fusils  in  fess  [az.].     (Pennington.) 

(3).  North  of  the  foregoing : — 

Under  this  Stone  are  deposited  the  remains  of  Catherine  Stone,  widow  of  John  Stone,  Gen',  and 
eldest  daughter  of  Hugh  and  AUce  King.     She  died  the  21*'  of  May,  1826,  aged  94  years. 

(4).  Near  the  last,  a  similar  slate  stone: — 

Under  this  Stone  arc  deposited  the  Remains  of  Nancy  King,  aged  37  years;  who  died  the  IP"  of 
April,  1780.  Also,  the  Remains  of  Loveday  Glynn  Crews,  Widow,  who  died  13  October,  1809,  aged 
74  years;  daughters  of  Hugh  King  of  Kirlaud,  Esq"'  and  ^Vlice  his  Wife,  eldest  daughter  of  the  Rev'' 
William  Pennington. 

(5).  Also  on  another  slate  slab : — 

Here  lyeth  the  Body  of  Nicholas  Trebilcock,  late  of  this  town,  who  departed  this  life  in  the  fear  of 
God,  The  21*'  of  December,  in  the  68">  year  of  his  age,  Anno  Domini  1724. 
From  trouble  and  anxiety,  Pale  death  sets  all  men  free. 
Reader  consider  well  tby  end,  Prepare  to  follow  me. 
Beloved  wife  and  children  dear,  For  me  don't  wet  an  eye, 
Sooner  or  later  death  will  come,  Live  well  and  well  you'l  die. 

North  Chancel  Aisle. 

(6).  On  the  south  side  of  the  prior's  tomb  is  a  slate  stone  in  the  floor,  inscribed: — 
Cum  dederat  mocsto  mors  immatura  sepulchre 

Filiolos  patris  pignera  chara  duos 

*   Vldo  No.  32. 


60  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 

Ecce  (novos  frondens  dum  fnictus  parturit  arbor) 
Ciun  tenero  matrem  prole  deditq"  neci 
Sic  tres  cmn  viridi  ceciderimt  arbore  rami 
Perq"  dei  crescunt  mimus  in  arce  poli 
Arboris  at  radix  superest  virgultaq"  vivimt 
Quatiior  inde  deus  vivere  summe  sinas 
niaq"^  matura  cum  tandem  morte  peribimt 
Cmn  reliquis  ccelo  vivere  summe  sinas. 

Jacent*  Margareta  uxor  Nicholai  Spreyf  generosi,  et  Nich'as,  Otho,  et  Johannes.  [Margarets  cum] 
Joh'e  obijt  Lx.  die  Febr.  1604,  Nicholaus  1597,  Otho  1599. 

(7)  (&c.).  In  the  floor  below  the  step,  west  of  the  prior's  tomb,  according  to  a  manuscript 
plan  made  by  the  late  vicar,  Eev.  J.  WaUis,  there  would  appear  to  be  about  half  a  dozen  ancient 
slabs,  hitherto  undeciphered.  Witli  one  exception  they  are  inaccessible,  being  covered  by  a  wooden 
flooring,  on  which  the  organ  is  placed.     The  only  one  of  these  slabs  in  sight  is  inscribed  thus  : 

[This  mjonument  sheweth  here  intumbed  the  body  of  Thomas  Bere,  y'  sone  of  William  Bere  [of 
Bodm]yne,  gent,  who  departed  this  l[ife J ]. 

(8).  Three  fragments  of  a  slab,  now  loose  in  the  church,  contain  part  of  the  mantling  of  a 
shield  of  arms,  which  has  been  cut  away,  and  the  following  inscription,  portions  of  which  have 
also  been  cut  off": — 

^-  Hie  Jacet  Gulielmus  Ken[dall,§  W]alteri  Kendall  armigeri  filius  Qui  obijt  decimo  septimo  die 
Decembris  anno  a  partu  do[mim  nostri]  1604. 

En  jacet  hie  juvenis  teneris  ereptus  in  annis 
Quern  natura  velit  vivere  fata  negant 
Fata  negant  heu  fata  negant  non  p'cere  nosc'nt 
Haec  rapiunt  juvenes,  haej  fera  fata  senes 
Quem  pudor  ingenuus  primis  laudavit  ab  annis 
Mortuus  et  vere  mortis  imago  jacet 
Ipse  vides  vitae  quae  sit  fiducia  nostras 
Somno  par  volucri  transit  ut  ipse  vides 
Chare  vale  charis  bis  chare  parentibus  O  ter 
Chare  Jovi  calos  O  pete  chare  vale. 

(9).  Another  loose  slab,  in  tlie  style  of  the  seventeenth  century,  in  this  part  of  tlie  church, 

*  Entered  thus  in  Burial  Register: 

"  1597.    Ap.  11.    Nicho'  sonne  to  M'  Nic.  Sprey." 

"  1599.    Nov.  18.     Ottes  sonne  to  M'  Nicho'  Spreye." 

"  1604-5.    Feb.  10.    Margcrett  wiff  to  M'  Nicho'  Sprey  and  Jo'  his  sone." 
t  "  Wedd.  1586-7.    fEebr.  29.    Nic.  Spreye  and  Margett  Walker."     (Par.  Reg.) 

t  In  the  Burial  Register  is  the  entry:  "  1604.    Decern'  24.     Tho'  Beare  sone  to  Willi'  Beare  of  S'  Nyott." 
I  The  inscription  on  this  monument  differs  from  the  entry  in  the  Burial  Register,  which  is  as  follows: 

"  1604.    Decern'  17.    W"  sone  to  Nicho'  Kendall,  esq.''    Probably  the  stone  is  the  more  correct. 


ECCLESIASTICAI;  HISTORY — MONUMENTS.  61 

and  removed  from  the  sanctuary,  is  said  to  have  contained  these  words,  which  have  now  disap- 
peared entirely : — 

Infans  Gulielmus  Tume dieq.  Martis  Anno  Dni * 

Anthonious  Collier  fecit  &  sculp'. 

Witliin  a  bordered  panel  the  following  lines  are  still  preserved : — 

Ver,  ^stas,  Autumnns,  Hyems,  tot  (quamlibet  annos 

Non  numerem)  faciunt  tempera  nostra  vices 
Mars  alter  spirare  dedit,  Mars  abnuit  alter 

Militia;  mora  par  inter  utnrniq.  fuit 
Martis  at  ilia  dies,  quaj  mortis,  et  ultima,  pacis 

Lux  erat.     H«c  Christo  sole  perenis  erit. 

(10).  In  the  pavement,  near  the  Prior's  Tomb,  are  several  other  slate  slabs  now  to  be 
described.  Tliat  in  the  extreme  north-east  corner  of  the  floor  appears  to  be  of  the  seventeenth 
century.  It  bears  a  shield  with  pillars,  mantling,  and  crest :  On  a  wreath,  a  flem'-de-lis.  Arms : 
Three  dexter  hands  erect,  couped  (Maynard)  ;  impaling,  two  bars,  perched  thereon  tlu-ee  birds, 
two  in  chief  and  one  in  base  (Mitchell).  The  tinctures  are  not  signified  on  the  stone,  and  no 
inscription  remains,  f 

(11).  At  right  angles  with  the  last  is  a  slab  which  was  formerly  on  the  wall.  It  is  in- 
scribed : — 

Neere  vnto  this  place  (heere  underneath)  lies  buried  j'^  bodies  of  Phillip  Michell  of  this  Burrough, 
Esquire,  and  Blanch  his  wife,  the  daughter  of  Thomas  Carniinowe  Esq.,  which  said  Blanch  siu'vived  her 
husband  about  J  15  years,  and,  in  the  71  year  of  her  age,  departed  this  life,  the  13"^  day  of  September 
Ano  Dni  1673: — and  to  the  memory  of  them  both  Walter  Kendall  of  Lostwithiell,  Gent,  (her  Executor) 
caused  this  stone  to  be  inscribed  and  heere  affixed.     W.  S.  sculpsit  M.D.C.LXXIIIJ. 

(12).  At  the  foot  of  that  just  described  is  part  of  a  slab  which,  from  the  few  lines  traceable 
on  it,  seems  to  have  contained  a  representation  of  the  figure  of  the  deceased.  In  the  two  upper 
angles  within  the  border  are  the  words  "  Hodie  mild,  eras  tibi." 

The  surrounding  inscription  is: — 

1^  Here  lyeth  buryed  Thomas  Corye,  sometyme  Mayre  of  thys aye  of 

february,  the  yere  of  our  lorde  1592.§ 


♦  The  Bnrial  Register  gives:  "1G30.    March  2.     William  sonn  to  M' William  Turney."      . 

t  This  is  doubtless  the  monument  of  Jane  daughter  of  Gilbert  Mitchell,  of  Bodmin,  esq.  She  was  married  November 
1st,  IfiOi),  to  Nicholas  Maynard,  esq.  described  at  the  Heralds' Visitation  as  of  Milton  Abbot,  Devon.  She  died  inlClO.and 
was  l)uried  on  the  10th  of  August.     See  pedigree  2»>st. 

I  The  Burial  Register  is  blank  from  November  2l8t,  1653,  to  October  29th,  1660. 
§  In  the  registers  are  the  following  entries : — 

"  Wedd.     1573.    Oct.  18.     Tho'  Corye  and  Eliz.  Wilton. 
"Bnrialls.     l.Wl-S.     ffeh.  27.     Thomas  Corye." 
Thomas  Cory  was  appointed  Mayor  in  1591.     See' List  of  Mayors. 

R 


62  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 

(13).  Between  the  last  named  and  the  North  wall  is  another  fragment  inscribed— 

*  Blighte  gent,  who  decssed  the  7  daye  of  September 

The  shaft  and  base  of  a  cross  remain  visible  within  the  border. 

(14).  The  next  stone  is  adorned  with  part  of  a  cross  flory.  The  remainder  of  it  and  the 
inscription  have  been  cut  otF. 

(15).  Adjoining  the  two  last,  is  a  large  portion  of  a  slab  containing  part  of  a  legend  on  the 
border,  t 

marcii  mese  die  t'no  post  festa  marie  3"  milleno  qiiut  x  q ■ 

The  date  intended  is  probably  L510.     (MiUessimo  quingentessimo  decimoque). 

(16).  Between  this  and  Prior  Vivian's  tomb,  is  a  stone  on  which,  besides  a  border  inscription, 
a  shield  of  arms  has  been  engraved,  placed  couchant,  with  the  shaft  and  base  of  a  cross,  and  other 
ornaments  in  the  backgroimd.  The  details  have  become  almost  obliterated — the  arms  are  these : 
Quarterly,  1  and  4,  a  fess  between  ?  (charges  no  longer  traceable) ;  2  and  3,  a  chevron  between 
three  (perhaps  two-handled  covered  cups|  ?)  impaling,  a  fess  between  three  ducks.§  The  words 
remaining  on  the  margin  of  the  slab  are — 

marie  infra  monasteriu  sci  Petroci  qui  obijt  xxij  die  mensis  Augusti  An°  Dni  M".  D°.  xxxvi 


cm  an 


(17).  The  middle  of  the  next  slab  is  occupied  by  an  elaborately  floriated  cross;  on  the  margin 
these  words  may  be  deciphered : — 

1^  Hie  q.  tumlat  Thomas  lmotle  ||  sic  vocabaf  Migias  a  solo  pet ut  hie 

vmib :  spe  sit  celo  levat' . 

This  stone  is  very  similar  in  design  to  one  at  the  west  end  of  the  chm-ch,  which  is  dated 
1456.11 

The  inscription,  read  at  length,  would  be, 

Hie  qui  tumulatur,  or,  Hie  quiescit  tumulatus  Thomas  le  Moyle  sic  vocabatm-.  Migrans  a  seculo  pet 
, ut  hie  yermibus  spiritus  sit  celo  levatus. 

(18)  and  (19).  Adjoining,  are  two  fragments,  one  worn  quite  smooth,  although  shewing 
traces  of  having  once  been  inscribed.  The  other  is  half  a  slab  cut  lengthwise.  It  is  much  worn, 
but  part  of  a  sunken  panel  which  contained  arms  (?)  may  be  discerned ;  also  a  heart,  portion  of 
winged-hour-glass,  (fee,  and  the  words: — 

....  Lyeth of  William this  Town  .  .  .  Died  ....  1770  (?)...  in  ..  . 

of  his 

'  In  tlic  Burial  Register:  "  1727.     7br  7th.     Mr.  Francis  Blight." 

t  At  Cardinham  in  the  chiu'ch  pavement  is  a  similar  slab,  but  the  date  of  the  tciu-  is  broken  off. 

X  The  charges  are  so  indistinct  as  to  be  difficult  to  decipher. 

§  Probably,  Argent,  a  fess  between  three  sheldrakes  proper  {Hcarle). 

II  In  the  List  of  Mayors  the  name,  Thomas  Moi/lc,  occurs  at  the  dates  1432-1434, 1435,  1443-1445.  %  No.  59. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY — MONUMENTS.  63 

(20).  Against  the  east  wall,  and  resting  on  the  floorj  is  a  carefully -wrought  slate  stone  for- 
merly in  the  sanctuary,  inscribed : — 

*  Here  lie  y''  bodies  of  Jowdy  &  Katheren,  wives  vnto  Eichard  Durant  of  this  Towne,  w''  departed 
this  hfe  in  the  faithe  of  Jesus  Christ.  Jowdy  was  buiied  the  25"'  of  May  1589  *  &  Katheren  the  22"'  of 
December  1608. 

During  their  lifes,  had  Durant  wifes  Jowdy  &  Kathren  namde, 

Both  feared  god  &  eke  his  rodd,  so  well  their  life'*  they  framde, 

both  comly,  frugall,  chast  &  fruitful!,  yea  of  a  constant  mind 

to  all  theii'  freinds  even  to  their  ends,  still  to  their  husband  Idnde, 

both  children  dear  whiles  they  liud  heer  v'to  their  husbfid  brought, 

by  him  a  score,  they  had  no  more,  all  in  good  nurture  taught. 

the  first  had  6,  14  y''  next,  bookes  of  recorde  doc  tell, 

the  best  is  this  &  trew  it  is,  they  liud  &  died  well. 

And  here  doe  lie,  whose  children  crie,  woe  y'  this  day  wee  see, 

they  must  be  still,  it  is  God's  will,  they  ar  gone  &  so  must  wee. 

Moderataf  Durant. 

Around  the  stone  this  further  inscrij^tion  has  been  added  : — 

Here  lyeth  the  Body  of  Richard  Ddeant,  Husband  ynto  these  wiues  and  father  vnto  these  childi-en ; 
twice  maior  J  of  this  Towne,  who  Departe  this  life  in  the  faith  of  lesus  Christ  the  20"'  of  May,  Anno 
Dommini  1032.     Aged  79. 

The  figures  of  the  two  wives  with  their  twenty  children,  eight  boys  and  twelve  girls,  are  cut 
on  the  stone ; — all  (except  the  youngest,  who  is  swathed  as  an  infant,)  kneeling  in  the  attitude 
of  prayer.  On  the  faldstool  before  the  first  wife  is  an  open  book  with  the  inscription  :  "  Bcholde 
the  mcrcyes  of  god  to  his  glory."  A  vine,  with  clusters  of  grapes,  proceeds  from  her  loins,  and, 
bending  back  over  her  head,  shades  her  eldest  son,  on  whose  book  and  faldstool  are  the  words — 
"  Vivo  hodie,  morior  eras.  T.  D." — "  Sic  transit  Gloria  Mundi." 

On  the  book  and  its  support,  before  the  second  wife,  these  words  are  inscribed :  "  I  com 
Jesu." — "  I  lyved  to  dye  1  dyed  to  lyve  againe."  A  vine,  in  full  bearing,  proceeding  from  her 
loins,  is  tiu'ned  back  over  her  whole  family  of  fourteen  children. 

Above  the  last  is  a  monument  inscribed  :  — 

In  Memoriam  Edvardi  Hoblyn,§  gen.  qui  obiit  28  Deccmbris  Anno  Domini  1G88,  /Etatis  sua'  62.  Et 
hie  prope  depositus  est  Vnacuni  Quatuor  filiabus  Alicia,  JIaria,  Anna  et  Maria,  et  duobus  fihis,  Carolo  et 
Hugone.  || 

*  As  stated  before  (^vide  No.  12)  it  appears  that  the  entries  of  biu"ials  in  the  register  are  (previous  to  IGOi!)  antedated 
by  a  year  in  error  ;  couseqnently  we  find  Jowdy  Durant's  biurial  recorded  luider  tlie  date  May  2.^tli,  1589. 

Richard  Dnrant  married  (according  to  tlie  register)  Jowdy  Mitchell,  January  7th,  1.585;  Katerin  Turny, 
November  24th,  1.5'JO. 

t  This  name  has  not  been  found  in  the  registers. 

t  Richard  Durant  was  mayor  in  1611,  and  again  in  1621.  Thomas  Durant  was  mayor  in  1611  and  1053.    See  Listpost. 

§  Buried,  1688.  Dec.  30.  "  M''  Edward  Hoblyn  Scniour."  Edward  Hoblyn  married  Bridget  daughter  of  John 
Carew,  of  Pcnwarne,  esq. 

II  This  monument  was  repaired  in  1819  by  Bridget  (lloblyu)  widow  of  John  Lake,  Rector  of  Lanivet.  She  died  at 
Bodmiii,  aged  85,  March  27th,  1827. 


64  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 

Anns :  Argent,  a  fess  gules  between  two  flanelies  ermine,  differenced  with  a  mullet  gules 
{Hohli/n);  impaling.  Or,  three  lions  passant  sable  {Careiv). 

(22).  On  the  opposite  side  of  the  window  against  the  adjoining  north  wall  is  the  following  on 
white  marble  : — 

To  the  Memoiy  of  John  Pomeroy,  M.A.  Rector  of  Lesneuth  and  Vicar  of  Bodmin,  who  died  in  the 
desk  of  this  Church  while  preparing  to  celebrate  Divine  Service  before  the  Judges  of  Assize,  Aug'  xvii. 
M.D.CCC.XIII.     In  the  sixty-first  year  of  his  age. 

Ai-ms :  Or,  a  lion  rampant  within  a  bordure  engrailed  gules. 

(23).  Close  to  the  monument  just  described  is  the  eastermost  window  of  the  north  wall.  This 
is  filled  vyilah  stained  glass  as  a  memorial.  Figures  of  Faith  (holding  a  cross),  Charity  (our  Saviotur 
in  the  attitude  of  benediction),  and  Hope  (with  an  anchor),  occupy  the  thi-ee  long  lights.  The 
sacramental  elements  and  vessels,  corn,  being  so^mi  as  seed,  springing  in  the  blade  and  gathered 
in  the  sheaf,  clusters  of  tlie  vine,  monograms  and  other  devices  are  introduced.  Beneath  the  chief 
figures  are  the  words  "  Have  faith  in  God." — "  God  in  love." — "  Hope  thou  in  God."  Across 
the  lower  part  of  the  window  is  this  inscription  : — 

ijl  An  offering  to  the  House  of  God  by  five  surviving  children  in  grateful  memory  of  the  love  and 
devotion  of  their  beloved  Parents.  John  P.  Watkin,  who  died  May  7*  18-16,  aged  69,  and  Loveday 
Watkin,  who  died  September  I?'''  1857,  aged  78.  ^  A.D.  1859  ^  .  They  shall  revive  as  the  com.  i^ 
Hos.  xiv.  7. 

(24).  West  of  the  window,  and  over  a  coat  of  arms  of  King  Charles  the  First,  upon  the 
wall,  is  as  follows,  on  marble : — 

Sacred  to  the  ^Memory  of  George  Geach,  who  for  many  years  resided  and  practised  as  a  conveyancer 
in  this  town.  Born  at  S'  Austell  on  the  30"^  day  of  March  1800.  Died  in  London  on  the  IG"'  day  of  May 
1864,  and  was  inteiTed  in  the  Abney  Park  Cemetery. 

(25).  On  the  next  space  between  the  windows  is  a  monument  witli  these  inscriptions : — 

Here  lie  the  remains  of  Richard  Stone,  gent,  who,  after  a  long  Indisposition,  which  he  bore  with 
Fortitude  and  Resignation,  died  January  2''  1784,  Aged  56  years.  As  also  of  Joanna  Stone,  daughter  of 
the  late  Walter  RadcHife  of  Warlegh,  in  the  County  of  Devon,  Esq"',  who  in  the  different  Relations  of 
life  duly  acquitted  herself.  She  lived  respected,  and  died  regretted  January  9"'  1792,  aged  63  years. 
This  monument  is  erected  at  her  request  as  a  tribute  of  her  affection  to  the  memory  of  her  husband. 

(26).  Below  the  last,  on  a  neat  white  marble  tablet,  is  inscribed : — 

To  the  Memory  of  James  Liddell,  First  Lieutenant  of  Royal  Engineers  (and  eldest  son  of*  Lieut. 
Liddell,  R.N.  of  this  town),  who  was  lost  with  nearly  all  his  company  of  Sappers  on  Prince  Edward's 
Island,  in  the  South  Seas,  June  19"*  1849,  aged  20.  This  highly  gifted  youth,  regardless  of  self,  amidst 
the  awful  wreck,  closed  his  brief  and  most  promising  career  in  a  noble  effort  to  save  a  perishing  lady. 

*  There  is  an  obelisk  in  the  churchyard  to  the  memory  of  other  members  of  the  family  of  CommaDder  Liddell,  K.N. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY — MOXrilENTS.  65 

(27).  Bej-ond  the  next  window  a  gothic  monument* — 

Sacred  to  the  Memory  of  James  Kempthornb,  Esq.  of  this  town,  who  died  26"'  Septemher  1851, 
aged  73  years.  Also  of  Mary  Peter,f  widow  of  the  aboye,  Tpho  died  28  April  1856,  aged  76  years.  And  of 
their  four  children,  Mary  Peter  Kempthorne,  who  died  5  April  1837,  aged  25  years;  James  Kempthome, 
Lieut.  26  Eeg.  Madras  N.I.  who  died  on  his  passage  home,  3  April  1840,  aged  31  years ;  Henry  Peter 
Kempthome,  who  was  drowned  in  the  Lord  W.  Bentiuck  off  Bombay,  17  June  1840,  aged  24  years;  and 
of  Chariotte  wife  of  Col.  Shuldham,  18  Bengal  N.I.  and  relict  of  Major  Watts,  26  Bengal  N.I.,  who 
departed  this  life  at  Meerut  13  Sept.  1856,  aged  37  years.  This  tablet  is  erected  as  a  tribute  of  love  and 
respect,  by  their  five  surviving  children. 

At  the  base  is  an  escutcheon  of  arms  : — 

Quarterly :  1  and  4,  Argent,  a  chevron  between  three  bear's  heads  couped  at  the  shoulders  sable  ; 
2  and  3,  Argent,  three  pine  trees  fructed  proper  (for  Kempthorne) ;  impaling.  Ermine,  on  a  bend  sable 
two  arms  bare,  proper,  issuing  out  of  clouds,  argent,  rending  a  horseshoe  or  {Borlase).  Crest,  a  lion  sejant. 
JMotto,  "  Festina  lento." 

South  Chancel  Aisle. 

(28).  On  the  floor,  close  to  the  chancel,  lies  a  slab  with  this  inscription,  all  in  capitals  of  the 
same  size,  several  of  the  letters  being  conjoined : — 

Here  lyeth  the  Body  of  Iohn  Bvllock,  Gent,  who  was  buried  the  22th  day  of  November  in  the  yeere 
of  ovT  Lord  1658. 

Vivere  coelicolis  terrfe  tentoria  liqui 

Vita  labor  fuerat  mors  milii  vita  fuit 
Tres  fratres  fuimusq.  duos  dum  possidet  vrna 

Pallens  vt  discat  tertius  inde  mori 
Tltime  trifratrum  subito  lace  et  Abijce  ten-as 
Lactea  morte  via  est  viuere  ca'Hcolis. 

(29).  Towards  the  south-east  corner  is  a  marble  slab  (now  covered  by  the  floor  of  the  vestry). 
Its  inscription  is  to  the  following  effect : — 

In  Memory  of  Ch.\rles  Blight,  Gent.     Twice  Mayor  of  this  Town.| 

Whom  all  men  lov'd 

At  the  Age  of  sixty  years 

The  Mighty  King  of  Fears  ♦ 

Hath  now  rcmov'd. 
Kind  Reader  give  his  Memory  its  due. 
He  Friendship  lov'd  and  understood, 
Was  pious,  loyal,  just  and  good, 
And  all  that  knew  him  know  that  this  is  true. 

*  Sec  also  monnment  in  the  churchyard. 

t  Daughter  of  George  Borlase,  of  Kirland,  esq.  whose  other  daughters  were  married  to  Childs  and  Wymond. 

X  Mayor  in  1658  and  1677,  vide  List  of  Mayors  and  Pedigree  of  Blight. 

S 


66  PARISH  OF  B0D2IIX. 

Obijt  *  Decemb.  ll"  A.D.  1684.     Here  allsoe  Lyeth  Elizabeth  ffis  Wife,  who  dyed  y«  17'"  of  Sept.  1701. 
Etatis  Suaj  78. 

(30).  Immediately  wiliiu  the  Priest's  door  lies  a  slab  in  the  floor,  containing  metal  rivets. 
The  inscription  is  nearly  obliterated.  Around  the  margin  may  be  distinguished  little  more  than 
the  words,  in  old  English  letters, 

d  Elizab:  .  .  .  .  Wh n   ...  Elizabeth [A]ugust  A t 

(31).  In  the  floor  beneath  the  end  window  is  a  stone  : — 

In  Memory  of  Roger  Pomeroy  Gilbert,  Esq.,  late  Captaia  of  Invalids  at  Pendennis  Castle,  in  this 
County,  who  died  on  the  13*  day  of  February  1799,  aged  54  years. 

(32).  On  the  wall,  beside  the  window,  is  a  tablet  of  white  marble  thus  inscribed :  — 

Near  this  place  are  deposited  the  Mortal  Remains  of  Nakcey  Gilbert,  the  Beloved  and  Lamented  Wife 
of  Walter  Raleigh  Gilbert,  Esq'',  of  Bodmin  Priory.  In  life  she  possessed  those  Graces  Which  endeared  her 
to  Society.  Those  Virtues  which  do  honor  to  our  Nature — and  her  Piety  and  Benevolence  will  be  long 
remembered  as  a  Bright  Example. 

She  departed  this  Life  April  8"*  1818,  Universally  regretted,  and  this  just  tribute  is  paid  to  her 
Worth  by  her  Afflicted  Husband  after  a  Happy  and  «ninteiTupted  union  of  35  Years. 

Tliis  monument  was  brought  from  the  chancel — deceased  is  there  buried  with  her  Mother  Susanna 
Hosken.J 

(33).  On  the  same  wall,  also  on  marble  : — 

In  memory  of  William  Raleigu  Gilbert,  son  of  Walter  Raleigh  Gilbert,  Esq'',  of  Bodmin  Priory, 
bom  the  1«'  died  the  26«>'  of  May  1786. 

(34).  Below  the  last,  also  on  white  marble  on  the  wall : — 

To  the  Memory  of  Walter  Raleigh  Gilbert  Esq''  of  the  Priory,  who  died  2""'  February  1837,  aged 
85  years. 

(35).  Against  the  east  wall  and  resting  on  the  floor  is  a  slate  slab  (formerly  in  the  chancel) 
with  a  figure  of  the  deceased  in  low  relief  and  an  escutcheon  of  arms,  viz.  those  of  Ihe  Merchant 
Adventiu-ers'  Company  (of  which  he  was  probably  a  member).  Barry  nebulee,  a  chief  quarterly: 
1st  and  4th,  two  roses  in  fess ;  2nd  and  3rd,  a  Hon  passant  guardant.  Tlie  monument  is  in- 
scribed : — 

Here  lyeth  the  Body  of  m'  Peter  Bolt,  merchant,  sometyme  steward  of  y"  Citye  of  Exceter,  who 
departed  this  life  m  the  feare  of  God  the  26"*  of  July  An"  Domi  1633.    And  also  j"  body  of  Elizabeth  his 

•  Burial  Register: — 

"  1684.     December  14.     M'  Charles  Blight,  senionr. 

1701.     Sep.  19.    M'^  Eliz.  Blight." 
t  It  appears  from  some  old  notes  made  by  the  late  vicar  'Wallis  that  there  were  on  this  slab  two  figures  in  the  attitude 
i)f  prayer.     These  are  now  gone, 
t   ride  No.  2. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY — MONUMENTS.  67 

daughter,  buried  y"^  H"'  of  April  1G28.     Which  Peter  Bolt  had  2  wiues  and  13  children,  5  Sonncs  and  8 
daughters.* 

Seaveuty  sixe  dozen  mooncs  and  odd 

A  stewardship  I  held  of  God, 

Of  w'^^  when  he  accompt  did  call 

Pale  death  me  uothinge  did  appale. 

Because  the  iudge  (severe  of  late) 

Is  now  become  myne  advocate, 

Who,  havinge  fully  jiayd  and  prayd. 

Both  for  my  sinnes  and  savinge  ayde 

(Sterne  iustice  and  mild  mercy  meeting 

And  trueth  and  peace  each  other  greeting) 

Guided  my  soule  by  heavenly  loue 

To  raygne  for  aye  w"'  God  a  boue. 

(36).  Below  the  eastern  window  of  this  aisle  is  affixed  a  slate,  inscribed: — 

Ileere  lyeth  the  Body  of  Cecily  the  wife  of  Bernard  Aoiiym,  gent,  and  only  daughter  of  Mr.  John 
and  Me"  Phillip  Ward,  who  died  the  13^  day  of  Ivne,  Anno  Dom.  1639.t 

Democritus  would  weepe  to  see 

Soe  faire  a  flow're  as  this  to  bee 

Call'd  to  paye  her  Nature's  dutye 

Blasted  in  her  primest  beautye. 

In  Infancyc  her  A''ertues  worth 

Began  to  bud  and  blossome  forth, 

And  as  to  riper  age  she  grewe 

Each  day  produc'd  a  vertue  new. 

That  shee  had  beene  her  sexes  pride, 

Had  she  (alas)  not  too  soone  dy'de 

Nature  in  her  had  done  its  parte 

And  that  was  perfited  by  arte. 

Yea,  grace  through  Nature  soe  did  shine 

You  would  have  thought  her  halfe  divine, 

•  The  Marriage  Register  contains  the  entry:  "  1625.     Aug.  13.     Peeter  Boult  and  Susan  Durantt." 
The  Burial  Register  the  following: — 
"  1628.     April  14.    Elizab.  Bolt. 

1633.    Julye  28.    M'  Peeter  Bolt. 

1664.     Sep'  22.     M''"  Susan  Boult,  widow." 
t  The  registers  supply  the  following  information: — ' 

"Wedd.     1615.     Nov.  11.     M' John  Ward  and  M"  Phillip  Blyght. 

Bap.     1616.     Sep.  24.     Cislye  the  daughter  of  M'  John  WarJc. 

Wedd.     1635.    Aprill  23.     Baraarde  Achym,  gent,  and  Cicely  Wardc. 

Bap.     1636.     Ap.  14.    Mary  d.  Baraard  Achym,  gent.  Cisely  wife. 

Bur.'  1636.     Dec.  11,  Mary  Eacham. 

Bap.     1638.    March  3.    John  s.  to  Bernard  Acham  and  Cisley. 

Bnr.     1639.    June  13.    M"  Sys.seley  Acham. 

1639.    Aug.  4.     M' John  Ward,  g'l. 

1662.     Nov.  4.     Philip  Ward,  wido.  gent." 


68  PARISH  OF  BODMIK. 

Her  cli<iiitye  as  yet  appeares 
lu  poore  men's  faces  writte  in  tears, 
And  if  for  Pyetye  you  looke 
Wittnessc  this  Temple  and  her  booke. 
Reader,  then  guesse  the  rest  by  this. 
She  was  a  soule  made  fitte  for  Blisse. 

The  verses  are  within  an  elaborately  ornamented  border,  and  on  the  same  panel  is  incised  a 
representation  of  the  deceased  kneeling  on  a  cushion  with  a  book  resting  on  a  draped  table  before 
her.  From  her  mouth  proceeds  a  label  with  these  words :  "  Vuto  thee,  0  Lord,  doe  I  lift  vp  my 
soule." 

Above  her,  amid  clouds  and  rays,  is  the  sacred  name  '^)'^]  (Jehovah)  in  Hebrew  characters. 
Beneath  the  cushion  are  a  death's-head  and  cross-bones,  and  winged  hour-glass.  The  sliield  of  arms 
is  ehai'ged  with  the  following:  [Ai-.]  on  a  field  semee  of  cinquefoils  a  maimche  [gu.]  (for^c%ni) 
impaling  [Az.]  a  grifSn  segreant  [or]  between  three  crescents  [ar.]  {JBligh  or  Blight*).  The  tinc- 
tures are  not  marked. 

(37).  Cemented  into  a  shallow  box  or  framework  and  backing  of  wood  are  certain  fragments 
of  a  curiously  inscribed  slate  stone,  erroneously  considered  by  the  late  Rev.  John  WaUis  to  be  the 
most  ancient  monument  in  the  church. 

The  characters  are  not  an  intermixture  of  Roman  and  Saxon,  as  he  supposed,  nor  does 
a  portion  of  the  inscription  give  the  date  MVIII.  (1008)  as  he  conjectured.  The  letters  so  read 
are  really  CHYM,  part  of  the  surname  of  the  deceased.  The  central  portion  of  the  slab  contained  a 
cross  with  plain  ai-ms,  quatrefoils  (of  late  design)  branching  upwards  from  the  shaft,  and  the 
letters  I.  H.  S.  at  the  base.  Several  pieces  of  the  same  slab  have  lately  been  discovered  in  the 
church — the  largest  of  them  fitting  those  in  the  box  accurately,  and  supplying  a  missing  portion 
of  one  of  the  quatrefoils,  and  also  some  additional  letters  with  a  part  of  the  date  in  Arabic  nume- 
rals.   What  remains  of  the  inscription  may  be  thus  read  : — 

....  nup  Ux  B[ ]chym  que  dec  .  .  di  .  ,  .  .  domi  .  .  .  57. 

Probably  signifying  " ,  late  the  wife  of  Bernard  Achym,  who  died  .  .  .  day  of ...  in  the 

year  of  our  Lord  1657  (or  perhaps  1557)." 

A  paper,  bj'  the  Rev.  W.  lago  of  Bodmin,  on  these  fragments,  was  recently  published  in  the 
"  Journal  of  the  Royal  Institution  of  Cornwall,"  (No.  X.  103,)  accompanied  hj  a  very  accm-ate 
engraving  from  the  pencil  of  the  same  gentleman,  which,  through  the  courtesy  of  the  Listitution, 
we  are  enabled  to  lay  before  our  readers  [Plate  viii.  No.  3].  Mr.  lago  seems  inclined  to  the 
opinion  that  the  Arabic  numerals  refer  to  the  year  1557.  We  are,  however,  rather  disposed  to 
think  this  too  early,  and  consider  it  more  probable  that  the  date  is  a  century  later.  The  monu- 
ment may  commemorate  a  second  wife  of  Bernard  Achym,  whose  first  wife  died  at  the  early  age 
of  23  j-ears  (see  last  inscription),  and  the  date  of  the  stone  may  be  1657.  Tlie  design  on  the  stone 
is  of  so  debased  a  character,  and  the  letters   ai"e  of  so  peculiar  a  form,  as  to  lead  us  to  give  the 

*  These  are  the  arms  of  Blighe  or  Blight  and  Bernard  Achym  was  not  entitled  to  impale  them  for  Cecily  Warde, 
though  her  mother  was  a  Blight. 


PLATE  VIII. 


Pig.  I. 


Wi 


UELL  IX  THE  MAUKET-HOUSE  AT  UODMI.V. 


BELL  AT  ABEAS. 
The  inscription  appears  to  be:  "  Je  fuis  t'ais ;  Ian  MCCCC. 


Fij.  3. 


FRAGMENTS  OF  A  CHAVK.vniNE  I.N  UODMIN  CHUKCH. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY — MONUMENTS.  69 

preference  to  tlie  later  date  rather  than  to  the  earlier.     Unfortunately  there  are  no  entries  in  tlie 
burial  register  for  either  of  those  years. 

(38).  South  of  the  window,  on  the  wall,  is  a  monument,  inscribed  : — 

Near  this  place  lie  the  remains  of  the  Eev*  William  Pennington,  Vicar  of  Davidstow  and  Prebend  of 
Morn.iys  in  the  Church  of  Eudellion,  and  of  Iane  Pennington  liis  Wife.  Also  of  their  Son  William 
Pessinoton  of  Bodmin  Priory,  Esq'',  Whose  Memory  is  too  deeply  graven  in  the  Hearts  of  all  that  knew 
him  to  need  the  laboured  Praises  of  an  Inscription.  The  Rev''  W'"  Pennington  died  Sept  30""  1738,  aged 
59  years.  M"  lane  Peuningtou  died  luly  31"'  1748,  aged  53.  W"  Pennington  Esq'  died  Sept  6*  1789, 
aged  61. 

Arms — Or,  five  fusils  in  fess  azure. 

Crest — A  cat-a-mouutain  proper  passant  guardant. 

(39).  On  the  south  wall,  close  to  tlie  last,  and  formerly  in  the  chancel : — 

Near  this  place  are  deiwsited  the  remains  of  the  Rev*  Anthony  Hosken,  A.M.  Vicar  of  this  Parish 
and  Rector  of  Lesnewth — both  in  this  county,  who  died  Nov  21*''  17C6,  aged  55.  And  also  the  remains 
of  his  son,  the  Rev*'  Ioiin  Horken,  B.D.  Fellow  of  S'  John's  College,  Cambridge,  and  Rector  of  Great 
Oakley  in  the  County  of  Essex.     He  died  March  19'"  1783,  aged  45. 

Arms — Party  per  pale  gu.  and  az.  a  chevron  between  three  lions  rampant  or  (Hosken).  Tlie  shield 
has  been  more  than  once  emblazoned — the  arms  of  Hosken  alone  being  now  represented — but  formerly  the 
shield  was  impaled  ;  as  on  the  sinister  side  may  still  be  clearly  traced  a  chevron  betw.  three  dolphins  naiant 
cmbowed  sable — apparently  the  arms  of  Kendall. 

(40).  Also  on  the  south  wall,  on  marble  : — 

To  the  Memory  of  Samuel  Si'iller,  late  Alderman  of  this  Borough,  who  died  11"'  Dec""  1820, 
aged  75.  Also  of  Jenny  Blkih,  liis  widow,  who  died  9"'  February  1829,  aged  78.  Also  of  Mary  Spiller, 
their  eldest  daughter,  who  died  22''  I\Iarch  1820,  aged  42.  Also  of  Mary  Brent  Watkin,  wife  of  Capt. 
John  Penny,  first  Regiment  Light  Cavalry,  Bombay,  and  grand-daughter  of  Samuel  and  Jenny  Spiller, 
who  died  at  Deesa  in  the  East  Indies  10  Sept.  1840,  .aged  2G.  Also  of  Samuel  Spiller,  Esq.  who 
died  Oct.  15,  1848,  aged  61.  Also  of  Col.  William  Spiller  of  the  Bombay  Army,  who  died  June  25, 
1852,  aged  64.     Also  of  Captain  J.  B.  Spiller,  H.E.I.C.S.  who  died  January  10*  1853,  aged  62. 

(41).  On  an  oval  tablet  of  mai'ble,  beneath  the  last: — 

Sacred  to  the  IMeuiory  of  Susanna  Burrows — the  much  loved  and  much  lamented  wife  of  W'" 
Buuuows  of  this  Borough,  who  departed  this  life  the  14">  day  of  January  1805,  aged  67.  An  aflec- 
tionate  wife,  a  sincere  friend,  and  a  good  Christian. 

(42).  In  a  gothie  recess  over  the  Priest's  door : 

In  memory  of  Baruara  the  wife  of  Capt"  William  Ilamley,  R.N.  and  daughter  of  the  late  Charles 
Ogilvy,  Esq''  of  Lerwick,  Shetland,  who  was  born  the  5"'  June  1788  and  died  the  12'"  June  1842.  A  life 
devoted  to  duty  and  love  has  left  in  many  hearts  a  record  which  cainiot  be  inscribed  on  marble.  Also,  in 
memory  of  Barbara  Charlotte  Caroline,  daughter  of  the  above  Captain  William  Hamley  and  Barbara 
his  wife,  who  was  born  16"'  Deo'  1828,  and  died  the  2"''  Dec'  1857. 

(43).  In  tlio  floor,  west  of  the  Priest's  door,  is  a  slab  inscribed: — 

In  McmoiT  of  William  Wymond  of  this  Town,  Surgeon,  who  died  June  l"'  1730,  aged  53.     Also  of 

T 


70  PARISH  OF  BODillN. 

William  Hamley  of  this  Town,  Sui-geon,  who  died  July  19*^  1810,  aged  70.  Also  of  Sarau  his  wife, 
who  died  July  28,  1812,  aged  65.  Also  of  Elizabeth,  wife  of  Joseph  Hamley  of  this  Town,  Surgeon,  and 
Daughter  of  the  Eev.  John  Bassett  Collins  of  Glynn,  who  died  February  1*'  1810,  aged  28. 

Nave. 

(44).  On  the  floor  of  the  centre  aisle,  west  of  the  chancel  arch,  lies  a  slab  of  catacleuse 
stone.  Several  brass  rivets  or  pins  appear  in  different  parts  of  its  surface.  On  it  are  repre- 
sented in  incised  lines  a  cross  with  three  long  nails  driven  into  it — on  the  upper  part  is  a  label 
inscribed  I .  N .  R .  I . ;  at  the  intersection  of  the  arms,  I .  H .  S .,  and  at  tlie  foot  of  the  cross  an  orb — 
on  which  arc  the  initials  I .  V  .  and  H  .  V  .  arranged  as  monograms.  Around  the  margin  are  the 
words : — "  Here  lyeth  John  Vyvya,  the  whych  decessyd  the  ix"*  daye  of  marche  in  the  yere  of 
o'  Lorde  god  1545  ;  on  whose  sowle  Jhu  have  marcy."  On  each  side  of  the  cross  is  an  escutcheon, 
the  dexter  shield  being  charged  with  three  birds  in  fcss.  The  otlier  containing  the  arms  of  Vivian, 
as  on  the  prior's  tomb.* 

(45).  Much  fiirther  towards  the  west  is  a  stone,  worn,  and  the  inscription  somewhat  rudely 
incised.  On  it  is  an  ornamental  cross,  with  letters  on  the  head  and  base  much  obliterated. 
Ai-ound  the  margin  may  be  deciphered : — "  Margarete  -^  the  dawghter  -=-  of  -;-  John  -=-  and 

Jowan  (?)  -^  anno  dni  -h  m  CCCCC  XL  viii  h-  on  -h  hose  soul  -=- h-  ihu."     Tliis  stone  is 

said  t  to  have  been  dug  up  in  the  churchyai'd,  but  it  is  very  unusual  to  find  stones  with  inscrip- 
tions of  so  early  a  date  in  churchyards. 

(46).  The  largo  window  in  the  west  end  of  the  nave  has  been  filled  with  stained  glass  in 
memory  of  the  late  Vicar,  the  Rev.  John  Wallis,t  M.A.  Official  of  the  Archdeacon  of  Corn- 
wall. 

A  brass  tablet  beneath  it,  affixed  to  the  wall  above  the  western  door,  states : — 
This  window  was  erected  by  public  subscription  in  Memory  of  the  Rev.  John  Wallis,  M.A.  the  zealous 
and  faithful  Vicar  of  this  parish  during  49  years.     He  died  December  6*  1866,  Aged  77. 

North  Aisle  of  Nave. 
(47).  Between  the  second  and  third  windows,  west  of  the  tower  door,  is  a  mural  monument  § 
of  marble,  inscribed  : — 

*  This  would  seem  to  be  the  gravestone  of  the  prior's  brother  or  his  nephew.     See  pedigree  ^osf. 

f  Bodmin  Eegister,  p.  13. 

%  The  Rev.  John  Wallis  was  bom  in  Fore  Street,  Bodmin,  in  a  house  now  called  "  Edgehill,"  in  the  jear  1789.  He 
(lied  at  the  vicarage,  and  was  buried  in  the  cemetery  December  11th,  18G6. 

He  was  one  of  the  sons  of  John  Wallis,  esq.  solicitor,  &c.  (concerning  whom  see  Cornwall  Register,  p.  406),  was 
educated  to  the  law,  filled  the  office  of  mayor,  &c.,  graduated  at  O.^ford  1820,  and  eventually  became  vicar  of  Bodmin, 
November  17th,  1817.  Mr.  Wallis  was  never  married.  He  wa.s  the  author  of  the  following  publications:  the  Exeter 
Register,  the  Bodmin  Register,  the  Cornwall  Register,  various  maps  of  the  county  and  its  divisions,  census  tables,  &c.  His 
favourite  subjects  of  study  being  statistics,  topography,  and  archa-ology. 

§  See  also  moumnent  in  chmchyard  with  arms,  &c.  No.  73. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  niSTORT — MONIJMBNTS.  71 


A    :^    n 


luXTA  ■  REQ0IESCIT  '  IN  '  PACE  '  VICINO  •  CcEMETERIO  •  CONDITUS  •  OPTIMA  '  SPEI  "  ADOLESCENS  *  lOANNES  ' 

MicHELL  ■  Coll  •  Div  •  Ioan  •  apud  •  Cantabrigienses  •  Sciiolaris  •  et  •  Bennett  •  et  •  Annje  •  Cole  • 

MiCHELL  ■  FIL1D8  '  NATO  •  TERTICS  •  MAXIMA  •  VIT^  "  INNOCENTIA  '  MIRA  '  SUAVITATE  '  MORUM  "  CONJUNCTA  • 
•  IN  •  ILLO  •  ELDXIT  "  TARE  "  CONSDMPTUS  *  IN  '  IPSO  •  ^TATIS  •  FLORE  '  XXI  '  AGENS  "  ANNUM  •  V.  DIE_  "  MaII  ■ 
CI3.la  CCC.XSI  •  NON  •  SINE  *  ACERBISSIMO  •  AMICORUM    *    OMNIUM    •    DOLORE  •  EX  •    HAC  *  VITA  •  PLAOIDE  ■  Ml- 

GRAviT  •  H  -M-  P  •  Bennett  Michell  •  A-  M  •  fratri  •  vita  •  amabiliori  •  qui  •  ad  •  spiritum  •  ex- 

TREMUM  •  SIMPLICI   •  ADFECTIONE  •   UNOQUE  •  ANIMO  •  MECUM  '   EGIT. 

(48).  Between  the  third  whulow  and  the  north  door  is  as  follows,  also  on  white  marble : — 

To  the  Memory  of  Nicholas  Every,*  A.M.  Vicar  of  S'  Veep,  who  died  the  14""  day  of  April  1836,  in 
the  forty-first  year  of  his  age. 

(4fl).  "West  of  the  doorway  just  referred  to  is  a  handsome  white  marble  monument,  on  which 
is  represented  a  militaiy  trophy,  consisting  of  helmet,  sword,  and  shield,  of  classic  and  chaste  design : — 

This  Tablet  is  erected  liy  the  Officers,  Non-commissioned  Officers,  and  Privates  of  the  xx">  Regiment 
of  Foot  to  the  Memory  of  Captain  Richard  Cater  Oakley,!  who  died  at  Belgaum  in  tlie  East  Indies  on 
the  2"''  of  June  1835  ;  to  remain  in  testimony  of  their  esteem  and  sorrow. 

(.50  and  .tI).  Against  the  wall,  and  extending  to  the  floor,  are  two  slate  slabs  to  the  memory 
of  Bernard  Flamank  and  his  first  and  second  wives. 
The  lower  stone  is  inscribed — 

Here  lyeth  the  Body  of  Elizabeth  wife  vnto  Bernard  fflamank  of  Boskearne  Esq',  And  daughter  of 
Ambrose  Rous  of  Edmerston  in  the  County  of  Deuon  Esq"",  who  was  buried  the  9"'  of  October  in  the 
yere  of  our  Lord  God  1G32.  Arms:  Across  between  four  mullets  pierced  (Flamank);  impaling,  an  eagle 
displayed  (Rouse).  On  this  slab  is  a  large  shield  with  crest,  viz.  On  a  wreath  a  fore  arm  erect  habited, 
holding  in  the  hand  a  sprig  of  oak  fructed. 

The  border  of  the  stone  contains  twenty-four  small  shields,  charged  as  follows,  commencing 
at  the  upper  corner,  and  proceeding  from  left  to  right : — 

1.  "  Flamunk,"  impaling  a  chevron  between  three  saltieTS  (Treglownoic). 

2.  „  „  ihroc  garbs,  a.  chief  (Peverell  of  Ilamatetlii/ ?) 

3.  ,,  ,,  a  bull  passant,  horned  and  tripped  (Becil/e). 

4.  ,,  „  on  a  bend  three  keys  ( ?). 

5.  „  „  on  a  bend  three  stag's  heads  cabossed  (//c%an  .^) 

6.  „  ,,  a  chevron  between  three  bolts,  feathered  (?) 

7.  „  „  a  chevron  between  in  chief  two  birds  statant,  and  in  base  one  rising  or 

volant  (Trem'nnar-d). 

*  Eldest  son  (if  John  Kvcry,  of  Bodmin,  Kent-  ')y  Joan  daughter  of  Mr.  Nicholas  Craildock  of  Bodmin.  lie  marricil 
Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Jo.siah  Glencross,  of  Liskcard,  gent,  and  left,  besides  otlier  i.s.sae.  Rev.  Niiliola.s  Every,  now  vicar  of 
St.  Kcw,  and  Rev.  John  Every,  a  chaplain  in  the  Royal  Navy. 

t  Capt.  Oakley  married  Lydia  Ann,  daugliter  of  the  lato  and  .sister  of  the  present  Mr.  Thomas  Commins,  solicitor. 
Boiimin,  liy  whom  he  had  a  son,  the  Rev.  Charles  Edward  Oakley,  lioni  1S32,  who  married  Lady  Georgina,  daughter  of  the 
late  and  sister  of  the  present  Earl  of  Ducie.  Ho  was  suhseciuently  in.stituted  to  the  rectory  of  St.  Paul'.s,  Covent  Garden, 
London,  and  died  in  1865,  when  it  was  generally  understoo<l  that  he  was  to  be  preferred  to  a  colonial  bishopric  then 
vacant.     His  widow  did  not  long  survive  him.     Several  children  arc  issue  of  the  marriage. 


72  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 

8.  "  Flamank,"  impaling  :   On  a  saltier  between  four  estoiles  a  trefoil  (Lucomb). 

9.  ,,  ,,  a  chevron  between  three  wings  displayed  {Nanfan). 

Proceeding  down  the  sinister  border — 

10.  "  Flamank,"  impaling   Ermine,  a  fleur  de  lis,  on  a  chief  a  mullet  {Gayer). 

11.  „  „  a  bend  and  a  label  of  three  points  (Ca)-m!'«oic). 

12.*  ,,  „  per  fess  embattled,  three  lions  statant  or  passant  (Lippincott). 

Tlie  remaining  twelve  shields  represent  "  Rouse"  with  iinjialemeuts,  some  blank,  others 
defaced;  on  one  of  those  in  tlie  lower  row  may  still  be  discerned  "  a  bird"  in  the  sinister  chief 
point.     It  does  not  appear  to  have  been  the  only  charge,  but  the  others  have  perished. 

The  upper  slab  contains  the  words : — 

Neere  vnto  this  Place  lyeth  the  Body  of  Bernard  fflamank  of  Boscame  Esq'  who  was  twice  married, 
first  vnto  Elizabeth  the  Daughter  of  Ambrose  Rouse  of  Edmerstone  in  the  Countie  of  Devon  Esq'',  next 
vnto  Bridgiett,  the  daughter  of  Arthur  Tremayne  of  Cullocombe  in  the  Countie  of  Deuo  afore  sayd.  Esq'', 
who  was  buried  the  seauen  and  twentieth  day  of  October  on  thousand  six  hundred  fiftie  and  eight. 

There  are  two  large  shields  of  arms  surmounted  by  crests  similar  to  that  already  described. 

The  arms  on  one  shield  being — Flamank  impaling  Rouse  (as  on  the  under  stone),  while 
those  on  the  other  shield  represent  Flamank  impaling  Tremayne.  "  Three  arms  habited,  flexed  in 
triangle  and  conjoined  at  the  shoulder,  with  fists  clenched." 

The  bortler  of  this  slab  disjjlays,  like  the  lower  stone,  twenty-four  small  escutcheons,  those 
in  the  upper  row  and  along  the  sinister  side  being  similar  to  those  already  described. 

The  remainder  differ  in  Tremayne  being  substituted  for  Rouse  and  all  its  impalements  being 
left  blank.  At  the  end  of  the  lower  row  however  one  of  the  escutcheons  gives,  "  Flamank," 
impaling  a  coat  divided  "  quarterly,"  without  charges. 

(52).  Above  the  last-named  two  slabs  is  a  marble  monument : — 

Sacred  to  the  beloved  and  revered  memory  of  William  Flamank,  D.D.  of  Boscnrne  in  this  County, 
Rector  of  Oddington  Otmoor  and  Glymjjton  Woodstock,  Oxfordshire  ;  and  formerly  Fellow  of  Trinity 
College,  Oxford.  He  departed  this  life  the  20'''  of  November  ]  817,  aged  65  years.  This  Monument  was 
erected  as  a  tribute  of  respect  by  Mary  his  affectionate  Relict. 

Crest*  and  shield  of  arms:  "Argent,  a  cross  between  four  mullets  pierced  gules"  {Flamanh), 
impaling  "  Per  pale  azure  and  gules,  tlu-ee  lions  rampant  "  (for  Hughes). 

(53).  The  window  above  the  north  door  contains  stained  glass  in  the  tliree  upper  compart- 
ments representing  riband  labels  inscribed — 

Robert  Flamank  Esquire  Died  April  xix.  1847,  Aged  Eighty  Years. 

Ho  was  the  last  of  the  name  in  Bodmin,  and  this  memorial  was  erected  by  his  two  nieces. 
Till  the  time  of  liis  burial  in  the  church  there  had  been  no  intramural  interment  for  about  twenty- 
two  years,  and  there  has  been  none  since. 

(54).  In  the  pavement  beneath  is  a  slab : — 

Sacred  to  the  Memory  of  Giles  Mooue,  Gent.,  who  departed  this  life  y"^  21'*'  December  1792,  aged 
83  years.     JanuaiT  28,  1805,  Elizabeth  King,  aged  C7. 

•  Crest  as  on  slabs  50, 51. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY — MONUMENTS.  73 

(55).  A  companion  slab  adjacent  is  inscribed : — 

In  Memory  of  Mary  Moore,  wife  of  G.  Moore  Gent.,  whose  unaflfected  Piety,  pniJeut  Oeconomy,  mild 
disposition  and  courteous  deportment  made  her  in  Life  respected,  in  Deatb  lamented.  She  departed  12* 
JIarch  17C1,  aged  49,  leaving  a  disconsplate  Husband  and  Eight  inconsolable  Children. 

Aj-ms — Tliree  swans. 
Crest — A  bird  (chough  ?). 

Motto — "  DEVS  EST  AMICVS." 

(56)  and  (57).  In  the  floor  close  by  are  preserved  portions  of  two  slabs  of  different  sizes,  which 
were  formerly  adorned  with  brasses.  Only  the  rivets  and  matrices  remain.  From  these  it  is 
evident  that  towards  tlie  four  sides  of  each  slab  was  inlaid  a  plain  fillet  for  the  inscription,  without 
angle  emblems.  Within  this  rectangular  border  was  a  single  figiu'e,  with  a  label  proceeding 
upwards  from  the  mouth.  In  the  two  upper  corners  were  shields  of  arms.  On  one  stone  the 
figure  was  that  of  a  lady  kneeling,  her  hands  joined  in  prayer ;  her  attitude  being  neai'ly  front- 
faced.     On  the  other  stone  was  the  effigy  of  a  male  civilian,  facing  full  front. 

The  figiu-cs  were  16J  inches  and  IStf  inches  in  height  respectivel}'.* 

(58).  Near  this  is  a  fragment  of  a  slab  on  which  is  incised  part  of  the  arm  of  a  cross  contain- 
ing the  letter  "  i,"  and  upon  the  border  the  date,  thus  :  "  M"  cccc  LV." 

(59).  On  the  next  stone  t  is  a  cross,  and  on  the  margin  are  the  words  : — 

die  mensis  ianuarii  ano  dni  millio  cccc'™lvi  cuius  ale 


(60).  Also  in  the  pavement,  adjoining  that  just  described,  is  part  of  a  stone,  inscribed  : — 

obiit  -=-  ix  H-  die  -=-  •*•  -f-  mensis  -^  marche  -^  a°  -h  d°  -i- 

M°  -f-  ccccc  -^  xb '  -;-  cui  -^  aie 

Within  the  border  is  a  fancifully- wrought  cross;  on  the  base  of  it  arc  the  letters  T.  H.f 
From  the  shaft  projected  four  upward  shoots  terminating  in  circles,  containing  the  evangelistic 
emblems,  and  a  label  above  each  with  the  name  ;  tlu'ee  only  remain. 

South  Aisle  of  Nave. 

(61).  On  each  space  of  wall  along  the  south  side  of  the  chm'ch  is  a  marble  monument.  By 
the  south  porch  door  is  one  thus  worded  : — 

Sacred  to  the  Memory  of  Sarah  Pim.MrrA  Grose,  and  the  Rev.  John  Cole  Grose,  daughter  and 
Son  of  Sarah  and  John  Cole  Grose,  of  the  Borough  of  Bodmin  ;  the  former  departed  this  life  .July  10,  1B41, 

*  There  arc  no  other  vestiges  of  brasses  in  the  church  except  the  rivets  in  No.  30  and  No.  H. 

I  Much  rcsemliling  sUb  No.  17. 

J  This  stone  was  evidently  to  commemorate  some  one  of  importance  in  the  town.  On  reference  to  the  List  of  Mayors 
it  is  found  that  Thomas  Ilewctt  was  mayor  in  the  years  1518,  1535,  but  not  later.  The  date  of  this  stone,  1516 
(when  John  Ilewctt  became  mayor)  renders  it  probable  that  it  is  Thomas  Ilewett's  monument,  but  unfortunately  the 
cliurch  registers  do  not  contain  entries  of  a  date  early  enough  to  enable  us  to  discover  the  name  for  certain. 

u 


74  PARISH  OF  BODillN. 

aged  IG  years:  the  latter  Xov''  8,  1851,  aged  27  years.     This  is  a  faithful  saying  and  worthy  of  all  accep- 
tation, that  Christ  Jesus  came  into  the  world  to  save  sinners,    l*'  Ep.  Timothy,  1*'  chaj)''  15"'  verse. 

(62)  and  (62  a).  On  tlie  wall  between  the  south  porch  doon\'ay  and  the  doorway  leading  to 
die  parvise  chamber  is  a  tablet  inscribed  thus : — 

Sacred  to  the  Memory  of  Eliz.\beth,  wife  of  Thomas  Crowdeii,  Esq'',  Captain  in  his  Majesty's 
Inniskilling  Regiment  of  Dragoons,  who  died  at  Bodmin  27"'  December  1801,  aged  28  years. 

The  interment  was  made  beneath  the  second  south  arch  of  the  nave,  counting  from  the  west. 
The  spot  is  marked  by  a  brown  marble  slab  at  the  foot  of  the  first  clear  column.     It  is  inscribed: 
Elizabeth  Crowder.     Died  Dec''  27,  1801,  aged  28  years. 
(63).  Fiu-ther  to  the  east  is  a  tablet : — 

To  the  Memoi7  of  Edw.\rd  Pearse,  Attomy-at-Law,  long  an  inhabitant  of  this  town,  and  a  zealous 
promoter  of  its  im[)rovemont.  He  died  August  LS'^  1839,  aged  57  years.  In  the  severest  afflictions  of 
bei-eavement  the  Christian  is  taught  to  sorrow  not  for  them  that  are  asleep  as  those  who  have  no  hope. 

(64).   Between  the  windows  : — 

Sacred  to  the  Memory  of  the  Reverend  Lewis  Marshall,  late  Rector  of  Warleggan,  and  Vicar  of 
Davidstow  in  this  County,  who  departed  this  life  on  the  28"'  day  of  March  1833,  aged  71. 

(G5).  To  the  Memory  of  Anna,  widow  of  the  Rev''  Richaro  Eliot,  M.A. ;  formerly  Vicar  of  the 
Parish  of  Maker  in  this  County.  She  died  at  Bodmin  on  the  25"'  of  May  1838  in  the  80"'  year  of  her 
age.  Her  faith  in  Christ  was  strong  and  abiding.  She  was  able  by  Divine  Grace  to  walk  humbly  with  her 
God,  and  to  have  her  conversation  in  the  world  in  holy  simplicity.  Cheerful,  discreet,  abounding  in  Chris- 
tian love,  in  works  of  eharit}'  willing  to  her  power  and  beyond  her  power,  she  lived  respected  and  beloved, 
and  died  regretted  by  all  who  knew  her. 

(66).  To  the  Memory  of  Captain  Charles  De  Blacqdiere  Prescott  (fourteen  years  political  agent 
at  Palhanpoor  in  the  East  Indies),  and  his  child,  Julia  Spiller  Prescott,  both  of  whom  died  at  Bombay  in 
the  year  1842;  the  latter  on  the  2P'  of  Jlarch,  aged  10  mouths,  the  former  on  the  29'"  of  the  same  month, 
aged  35  years,  whose  unexpected  death  was  no  less  regretted  by  the  Government  he  served  than  by  the 
friends  he  has  left  behind.  Also  to  the  Memory  of  John  Phillipps  Watkin,  Escf,  who  died  May  7,  ISlfi, 
aged  69  years. 

(67).  Kear  the  arch  of  the  south  chancel  aisle  : — 

To  the  Memory  of  Richard  Moyle,  Esq'',  M.D.,  who  died  Dec""  3,  1828,  aged  72  years.  :Mild,  bene- 
volent, affectionate,  he  lived  deservedly  beloved,  and  died  lamented  by  all  who  knew  him.  Also  of  Jane, 
wife  of  the  above,  who  died  on  the  13'"  May,  1853,  aged  76  years* 

In  the  CutFRCHYARD. 

(G8).  In  Memory  of  LvniA  the  wife  of  Thomas  Commins  of  this  Borough,  Gentleman,  who  depaitcil 
this  life  on  the  22  July,  1827. 

(69)  In  Memory  of  Henuv  Drew,  formerly  of  St.  Austell,  grandson  of  Samuel  Drew,  M.A.  ;  gene- 
rally beloved  and  regretted.     He  died  in  the  Lord,  at  Bodmin,  Dec''  15,  1858,  aged  30  years. 

*  Sec  Xo.  7G. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  niSTORY — MONUMENTS.  O 

(70)  Maria,  daughter  of  Jobs  Every  and  Joan  his  wife,*  daughter  of  Nicliolas  and  Emia  Cradock, 
died  30  August  1826,  aged  15. 

(71).  In  Memory  of  Mary,  wife  of  the  Rev''  John  Pomeroy  Gilbert,  who  died  at  the  Priory,  Sept.  10, 
1829,  aged  47  years.     Looking  unto  Jesus. 

To  the  Moraor)-  of  the  Reverend  Joux  Pomeroy  Gilbert,  of  the  Priory,  Bodmin,  Viear  of  St.  Wenn, 
and  a  Prebendary  of  Exeter  Cathedral,  who  died  29  September  1853,  aged  78  year.s. 

(72).  In  Memory  of  William  M.vy,  Esq--,  who  departed  this  Ufe  on  the  29'"  of  April  1809,  aged  72 
years. 

(72a).  Under  this  stone  are  deposited  the  earthly  remains  of  M"-*  Elizabeth  May,  wife  of  W'"  May,  Esq^ 
of  this  town,  and  daughter  of  Abraham  Currey,  Esq"-,  of  the  City  of  London.  She  died  the  fifteenth  of  March 
1807,  aged  G2. 

(73).  1868. 

In  Memoriam. 
Bennett  Michell,  ob.  a.d.  1838,  JEt.  82. 
Ann  Cole,  his  wife,  ob.  a.d.  1835,  ^t.  78. 

Their  Children. 
Robe  Michell,  ob.  a.d.  1807,  ^t.  21. 
John  Michell,  ob.  a.d.  1821,  jEt.  21. 
Ann  Baron,  ob.  a.d   1818,  ^t.  28. 
Catherine  Clarke,  ob.  a.d.  1848,  JEt.  48. 
Bennett  Michell,  B.D.  ob.  a.d.  1857,  Mt.  64. 
Elizabeth  Elson,  ob.  a.d.  1867,  .^Et.  78. | 

(74).  On  a  granite  slab  on  the  north  side  of  St.  Tliomas's  Chapel: — 

RcT.  Moses  Morgan,  died  15  June  1810. 

(75).  Affi.\ed  to  the  south  wall  of  the  Church  within  an  iron  railing: — 

In  Memory  of  Thomas  Mounsteven,  Attorney  at  Law,  who  departed  this  life  March  27,  1789,  aged 
55  years. 

Also  of  his  children  : — 

Jane,  who  died  Nov"-  9"'  1769,  aged  1  year  and  3  months. 

William,  who  died  Feb-''  1,  1772,  aged  2  months. 

Thomas,  who  died  Nov'  3,  1777,  aged  1  year. 

Elizabeth,  who  died  July  14"'  1783,  aged  16  years. 

Also  of  his  widow  Elizabeth  Mounsteven,  who  died  13  June  1798,  aged  59  years. 

(76).   In  M('mory  of  Thomas  Mciyle,  who  departed  this  life  on  the  lO""  Nov""  1833,  aged  57  years. 
Jane  widow  of  the  late  Richard  Moyle,  Esq.  M.D.     Died  on  13"'  May  1853,  aged  76  years. 

(77).  Sacred  to  the  Memorj-  of  Elizabeth  Jane,  the  beloved  wife  of  Capt.  R.  S.  Phillipps,  H.E.I.C.S., 
who  died  Feby  19"'  1838,  aged  37. 

Sacred  to  the  Memory  of  Leonora  Fi.amank  Phillipps,  daughter  of  Captain  R.  S.  Phillipps,  67"' 
Bengal  N.I.,  and  Elizabeth  Jane  his  wife,  who  died  8""  DeC  1831,  aged  8  years. 

*  John  Ever)-,  died  12  February  1S52,  aged  81.    Joan  Every,  died  5  January  18(;3,  apod  02. 

t  This  inscription  is  sui-raounted  )iy  a  coat  of  arms  and  a  crest,  similar  to  the  impaled  coat  of  Mite  licll,  on  ihc  slal.  in 
tlic  dnirch  (No.  10),  and  the  crest  aliove  it,  with  the  motto— viktute  ET  labore. 


76  PARISH  OF  BODMIX. 

(77a).  Sacred  to  the  Memory  of  Jenny  Beer,  eldest  daughter  of  the  Rev.  Nicholas  Phillipps  of 
Rosemellin  in  Roche,  and  Rector  of  Lanivet.     Born  August  IS"*  1782.     Died  Sept.  21^'  1859. 

Arms,  on  a  lozenge :  A  lion  ramp,  within  an  orle  of  twelve  saltiers. 

(78).  In  Memory  of  Ann  Rogers,  second  daughter  of  John  Rogeiss,  Esq.  of  Penrose,  deceased,  who 
departed  this  life  on  the  third  day  of  January  1843,  "  Blessed  are  the  dead  who  die  in  the  Lord." 
Rev.  xiv.  13. 

(79).  To  the  Memoiy  of  Ann  Samwell,  relict  of  Cap'  W'  Samwell,  R.N.  who  died  on  the  30* 
June  1820,  aged  82  years. 

(80).  Sacred  to  the  Memory  of  John,  only  son  of  Capt.  T.  Searle,  R.N.  C.B.,  who  departed  this 
life  March  22°''  1838,  aged  38  years. 

(81).  Mart,  the  wife  of  M"'  Thomas  Stone,  and  Catherine  Loveday  Stone,  their  only  child,  are 
sleeping  here. 

M.  S.  was  the  eldest  daiighter  of  Edward  and  Mary  Trescott,  and  died  IS""  Nov''  1822,  aged  G4. 
C.  L.  S.  was  born  22  August  1796,  and  died  in  her  36"'  year,  Id'"  April  1832. 

(82).  In  Memory  of  John  Waldon,  M.D.,  who  departed  this  life  the  1^'  day  of  September  1822,  aged 
54  years.  Here  also  are  deposited  the  mortal  remains  of  M''*  Rose  Henrietta  Waldon,  who  was  the  wife 
of  the  said  Doctor  Waldon  and  sister  of  the  late  Lady  Clinton,  and  died  suddenly  on  the  21*'  January 
1834,  aged  57. 

Also  George  Louis  Waldon  of  the  Middle  Temple,  son  of  the  above,  who  departed  this  life  the  5"" 
January  1840,  aged  25  years. 

(83).  Sacred  to  the  Memory  of  Thomas  West,  F.R.CS  ,  son  of  the  late  Rev.  Thomas  West,  Vicar 
of  Wear  Gilford,  Devon.     Died  November  14"'  1848,  aged  71  years. 

(84).  Affixed  to  the  south  wall  of  the  church  near  the  Priest's  door,  is  a  slate  slab  inscribed  : 

Hie  subtus  Iacet  Iasfercs  Wood,  A.M.  qui  per  triginta  et  septem  annos  cura  pastorali  Hujus  Eccle- 
sire  probe  functus  diem  tandem  obiit  supremum  Anno  retatis  Sure  63""  Annoq'  D""  1716. 

Arms :  Three  savages  armed  with  clubs  held  erect,  2  and  1,  (for  Wood)  impaling  a  lion  ramp, 
on  a  chief  three  f)heons.* 

(85).  Sacred  to  the  Memory  of  Lucy,  youngest  daughter  of  the  late  John  Chambers  [of  Basing-] 
stoke,  Hants.  Gent,  and  the  beloved  wife  of  the  Rev.  B.  Woodyard. 

In  the  Cemetery  at  the  Berry. 

(86).  A  cross  is  inscribed : — 

I.  H.  S. 
Sacred  to  the   Memoiy  of  Frederick  J.\mes  Ernest,  the  beloved  child  of  Frederick  and  Mary 
Alms;  born  July  22,  1852;  died  June  17,  1859. 

(87).  On  a  coped  tomb  with  a  cross,  &e. : 

To  the  Memory  of  Jonathan  Baron,  Esq.  R.M.  who  died  Fehy.  25,  1853,  aged  64.  Also  to  the 
Memory  of  Fanny  his  wife,  who  died  January  5*  1859. 

*  These  arms  arc  not  on  record,  but  it  is  believed  they  were  borne  by  a  family  of  Williams  of  Exeter. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY — JIONUMEXTS.  77 

(88).  On  a  Cross:— 

M.S.  John  Bennett  died  Dec'"  10,  1865,  aged  83.  Mary  Ann  his  .sister  died  Sept.  18,  1864, 
aged  84. 

(89).  On  a  coped  tomb  with  a  cross  upon  it : — 

In  Memoiy  of  Anne  Saunders  Colvill,  wife  of  Captain  Hugh  G.  Colvill,  late  of  291'  Reg',  who 
died  on  the  11*  day  of  May  1861,  Aged  38  years.     "  And  she  answered  it  is  well."  2  Kings,  iv.  26. 

(90).   On  the  base  of  a  Latin  cross,  enclosed  witliin  rails,  is  the  following  inscription  : — 

In  Memoriam. 

Thomas  Commins  died  25  February  1859,  aged  84  years. 
Patty  Commins  his  wife  died  24  August  1865,  aged  SO  years. 

Catherine  Commins,  wife  of  T.  Commins,  Jun'',  died  October  3,  1853,  aged  39  years. 
Henry  Commins,  Lieut.  R.N.  son  of  Thomas  Commins,  Jun'',  and  Catherine  his  wife,  died  14"'  June 
1864,  aged  22  years. 

(91).  Sacred  to  the  Memory  of  Bridget  Cory,  daughter  of  the  late  ReV'  James  Cory,  Rector  of 
S'  Breock,  who  died  on  the  1"  Dec'^  1849,  aged  68  years. 

(92).  In  Memory  of  Elizabeth,  relict  of  Richard  Cdnnack,  Esif,  formerly  of  Penzance,  who 
departed  this  life  in  the  hope  of  a  glorious  immortality  Oct.  25,  1852,  aged  72.  "  I  know  that  my 
Redeemer  Uveth." 

(93).  Here  repose  the  mortal  remains  of  John  Bentham  Everest,  fonnerly  a  Midshipman  in  the 
Royal  Navy,  then  of  Her  Majesty's  Dockyard  at  Sheeniess,  afterwards  an  Officer  of  the  Convict  Hulk 
EstabUshment  at  that  place  and  Chatham,  and  finally  for  32  years  Governor  of  the  Gaol  for  the  county  of 
Cornwall,  in  which  latter  appointment  he  ended  his  active  and  useful  career  of  nearly  70  years  in  the 
service  of  his  country,  throughout  the  whole  course  of  which  he  discharged  his  duties  with  unvarying 
credit  to  himself  and  advantage  to  the  service  in  which  he  was  engaged.  He  was  a  conscientious  and 
upright  man,  a  good  husband  and  father,  and  a  zealous  and  efficient  public  officer.  He  died  on  the 
22  Jan^  1863,  ia  the  82''  year  of  his  age. 

(94).  This  tablet  is  sacred  to  the  Jlemory  of  John  Hewitt,  Escf  of  Burgatia,  Roscarberry,  in  the 
county  of  Cork,  Ireland,  whose  mortal  remains  have  found  a  final  resting  place  beneath  this  spot.  He  was 
bom  April  l^"'  1798,  and  departed  this  life  Dec''  7,  1861. 

Anns :  Gules,  a  chevron  engrailed  between  three  owls. 

Crest:  An  owl  perched  on  a  trunk. 

Motto  :  '•'  Be  just  and  fear  not." 

(95).  Looking  unto  Jesus.     I.  H.  S. 

Sophy  Ann  Kendall  died  Dec''  3''''  1854.  "  She  is  not  dead,  but  sleopeth."  Also  her  Husband,  the 
Reverend  Nicholas  Kendall,  died  15  February  1858. 

(96).  Alicia,  widow  of  the  Rev.  G.  Percival  Sandilands,  sometime  Curate  of  this  parish,  born 
April  14'"  1800,  died  March  15,  1862. 

(97).  In  Memory  of  William  Serjeant  of  Barn  Park,  in  this  Borough,  who  departed  this  life  on 
the  23''*  day  of  July  1867,  aged  67  years.  "  Blessed  is  he  that  considereth  the  poor,  the  Lord  will 
strengthen  him  upon  the  bed  of  languishing."     P.S.  xli.  v.  1-3  (sic) 

(98).  In  Memory  of  M'''  Frances  Straton,  widow  of  Major  James  Straton,  H.E.I.C.S.  who  died 
15  Sepf  1849,  aged  eighty-one  years. 

X 


78 


PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 


(99).  Sacred  to  the  Memory  of  Henry  Thomson,  Esq^  of  this  Borough,  who  died  Nov'  8'''  1860, 
aged  77. 

And  of  rVjiERosE  Thomson,  Esq.  his  son,  who  died  Oct.  15,  18C4,  aged  45. 

(loo).  On  granite,  within  an  iron  railing — 

Preston  Wallis,  born  Jan^  18,  1807,  died  Jan>-  23,  1858;  also  of  Preston,  eldest  son  of  the  above, 
born  26  Dec'  1836,  died  8  April  1837. 

(101).  On  a  granite  slab — 

John  "Wallis,  Yicar  of  Bodmin,  bom  11"'  April  1789,  died  6th  Dec''  1866. 

(102).  Sacred  to  the  Memory  of  AsrsA,  the  beloved  wife  of  Edward  West  of  Camelford,  Surgeon, 
who  died  Oct.  24,  1855,  aged  65,  deeply  lamented  by  her  sorrowing  husband  and  children. 


THE  PAROCHIAL  EEGISTEES. 


The  old  registers  of  the  parish  (^tIz.  those  anterior  to  Ladyday  1757)  form  a  thick  volume  of 
vellum  bound  in  leather  ; .  baptisms  being  entered  at  one  end,  burials  at  the  other,  and  marriages 
in  the  middle  of  the  book. 

Tlie  chief  title-page  precedes  the  baptisms.  The  upper  part  is  adorned  with  the  royal 
Crown  over  the  Initials  E  •  R  in  gold.  Some  of  the  other  capitals  are  also  similarly  illuminated. 
In  the  margin  is  written,  "  Cromwcl,"*  and  the  wording  of  the  title  is  as  follows : — 


e  •  r. weddings christeninces  &  buriells bodjiyn- 

Ceomwel. 


-REGESTREDD. 


Sithens  the  j.  yere  off  the  rainge  of  owre  Sovereigne  Ladie  Elizabethe,  by  the  grace  of  god  of 
yuglonde,  ffraiince,  and  Jrelonde  Quene,  Deffender  of  the  fi'aithe,  &c.  Anno  dni  1558  ;  whose  Reigne 
beganne  on  the  xvij""  daye  of  Novembf  in  A"  1558. 

All  the  fomier  part  written  from  Aprill  was  in  the  tyme  of  quene  Marie,  and  in  march  folowing 
beganne  on  the  25"'  daye  1559. 

Ha?c  tria  :  Baptismus,  Con'ubia,  funera,  in  ampla 

Sunt  tria  quK  forma  scripta  Volumen  habet. 
Gratia  nos  baptizat,  amor  conjungit,  et  atrum 

Mors  trahit  ad  funus  corpora  qujeq'  suum. 

ThojJ  Blight. 

*  When  in  the  reign  of  King  Henry  VIII.  the  Pope's  supremacy  was  renonnced,  Thomas  Cromwell  was  appointed  the 
King's  Vicegerent  in  Ecclesiastical  Jurisdiction  :  and  in  the  year  1538  he  issued  an  Injunction  which  ordained  that  every 
officiating  minister  for  his  chnrch  should  keep  a  book  wherein  to  register  every  marriage,  christening,  and  burial.  The 
Injunction  was  repeated  soon  after  the  accession  of  Queen  Elizabeth,  and  was  fiuther  enforced  by  the  70th  canon  (1603) 
containing  a  retrospective  clause  commanding  that  the  ancient  registers,  so  far  as  they  could  be  procured,  but  especially 
since  the  beginning  of  the  reign  of  the  late  Queen,  should  be  copied  into  a  Parchment  Book  to  be  provided  by  the  Parish. 
Hence  we  find  a  great  number  of  Registers  commence  with  the  reign  of  Elizabeth,  and,  like  those  of  Bodmin,  bear  evidence 
that  they  have  been  copied  from  the  original  Registers,  whilst  others  commence  from  1603  onlv. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY— PAROCHIAL  REGISTERS.  79 

The  title-page  before  the  burials  is  less  elaborate : — 

Burialls  Sithens  the  j 
yeie  off  the  reigne  off  Queue 
EHzabeth  -^  1558  -j- 
ffrom  Aprill  this  Eegester  Booke  begynnethe   1558,   and  is  vntill  the  xvij'i>  daye  of  November  in  the 
tyme  and  Raigne  of  Quene  ilarie,  on  w'^''  daye  Quene  Elizabethe  begaune  her  Raigne,  ■w'^''  daye  was  in 
Anno  dfii  1558,  and  so  vntill  the  25""  daye  of  march  it  contyuneth,  and  then  you  are  to  Aocounte  from 
tliat  day  1559,  j°  Eliz. 

Tlie  marriages  are  not  specially  prefaced. 

The  entries  have  evidently  been  copied  in  by  the  same  liand  from  the  commencement  to 
May  1606,  and  some  errors  have  been  made. 

In  tlie  baptisms  a  blank  page  has  been  left  to  mark  the  termination  of  Elizabeth's  reign,  and 
an  imprint  of  the  arms  of  James  I.  has  been  pasted  on  the  next  page,  with  the  notification — 

Christenings  sithens  the  j  yere  of  the  reigne  of  Kinge  James. 

In  the  other  portions  of  the  book  this  change  of  reign  is  uidicated  by  a  blank  followed  by  the 
announcement — 

Jacobus  Rex  A°  j°,  1G03. 

The  dates  whicii  follow  the  accession  of  James  I.  appear  to  be  trustworthy.  A  few  blanks 
occur  occasionally,  chief!}'  about  the  era  of  the  Great  Rebellion,  and  some  pages  have  become 
partially  illegible. 

The  dates  of  the  earlier  entries  are  open  to  question,  and  have  in  some  places  been  altered  by 
the  person  who  wrote  them.  The  discrepancies  in  them  seem  only  to  be  accounted  for  b}' 
supposing  that  the  scribe  who  wrote  them  into  the  book  from  older  memoranda  confused  the  dates 
at  or  near  the  beginning,  and  thus  has  antedated  the  early  burials  by  one  year.  * 

That  this  is  the  case  is  apparent  fi-om  a  comparison  of  the  entries  with  existing  monuments 
in  the  church,  and  also  from  the  internal  evidence  of  the  volume  itself — children  in  some  cases 
being  entered  as  buried  in  the  year  preceding  their  baptism  !  On  the  Durant  slab,  for  instance, 
the  wives  and  children  are  enumerated  : — 

Mrs.  Jowdy  Durant,  according  to  the  register,  was  buried  May  1588.  Her  monument  t 
records  the  date  as  May  1589. 

John  and  Jone  Durant  were  buried,  according  to  the  register,  December  1591 ;  but  it 
appears  from  the  other  end  of  the  book  that  they  were  baptized  December  1592. 

Tiiomas  Cory  (one  of  the  mayors)  was  buried,  according  to  the  register,  February  1591-2. 
His  monument  gives  the  date  as  Februaiy  1592-3. 

These  are  a  few  instances  (more  conkl  bo  adduced)  which  show  that  the  entries  in  the 
Burial  Register  during  tho  reign  of  Elizabeth  are  antedated,  as  above  stated,  and  further 
evidence  of  this  is  afforded  by  the  fact,  that  when  the  registers  wei'e  made  to  commence  afresh  at 

*  It  is  important  to  notice  this,  as,  of  course,  all  gcncalooics  which  have  been  constructed  by  aid  of  the  Biu-ial  Ke^rister 
will  be  affected  in  the  dates  between  1558  and  1G03.  The  enti'ies  of  the  burials  of  |iersons  within  this  period,  not  included 
in  the  },'enealoj;ies,  should  also  l)e  reckoned  a  year  later  than  stated. 

f  The  dates  after  Klizabcth's  reign  ou  the  Uuiaut  slab  agree  with  those  in  the  Register. 


80  PAEISH  OP  BODMIN. 

the  accession  of  James  I.,  the  bui'ials  were  foimd  by  the  scribe  to  be  a  yeai'  in  default,  and  this  gap 
he  was  unable  to  fill  up.  The  late  Rev.  J.  Wallis,  not  perceiving  how  this  discrepancy  arose, 
made  this  marginal  note  : 

N.B. — There  appears  to  be  some  mistake  here,  or  omission  of  the  entries  (in  copying  perhaps) 
from  March  1G02  to  March  1603,  when  James  I.  began  his  reign. — J.  W.  Jr.  26  July  1831. 

It  is  to  be  observed,  that  the  writer  of  the  title-pages  seems  to  say,  tliat  the  Baptisms,  Wed- 
dings, and  Bm-ials  are  contemporaneous,  and  commence  with  the  j'ear  1558  (temp.  Mary)  ;  not- 
withstanding this,  he  dates  the  marriage  entries  only  fi-om  1559  (April),  while  he  enters  the 
others  1558  (April).  With  regard  to  the  Weddings,  they  appear  to  be  entered  correctly,  and  no 
gap  occurs  in  them  during  tlie  period  to  wliich  we  refer ;  but  with  respect  to  the  Baptisms  and 
Burials  there  is  a  gap  of  one  year  in  each,  viz.  after  the  first  two  months  of  the  former,  and  (as  we 
have  mentioned)  at  the  end  of  the  latter.  This  leads  to  the  inquiry,  should  not  the  date  at  the 
commencement  of  aZ?  i/tj-ee  have  been  written  1559?*  If  so,  all  would  have  been  in  harmony 
with  one  another  and  the  monuments. 

If,  however,  the  scribe  is  right  in  assigning  any  of  the  records  to  the  time  of  Queen  Mary, 
he  should  have  made  a  year's  hiatus  near  the  commencement  of  the  Burials,  as  he  has  done  with 
the  Baptisms  ;  all  wordd  then  have  agreed,  as  far  as  can  be  ascertained. 

The  late  Rev.  J.  WaUis,  while  vicar  of  the  parish,  with  that  love  for  statistical  research 
which  was  his  special  characteristic,  deduced  fi'om  these  registei's  several  interesting  tables,  printed 
in  his  "  Bodmin  Register  "  and  "  Cornwall  Register." 

It  would  be  foreign  to  the  design  of  our  work  to  follow  him  into  his  details ;  suffice  it  to  say 
that  from  the  commencement  of  tlie  registers,  dated  April  1558  to  31  Dec.  1831,  a  period  of 
nearly  two  hundred  and  seventy-three  years  f,  he  gives  the  number  of  Baptisms  at  15,276; 
Weddings  at  3,707;  Burials  at  14,083. 

Mr.  Wallis  also  compiled  an  "  Index  nomina  "  to  all  the  Register  books. 

Some  of  the  earliest  names  found  recorded  are  :  Smith,  Bunse,  Achym,  Clifford,  Ivestell,* 
Gilbard,  Blight  or  Blighe,  Sprey,  Braye,*  Boycr,  Byllyne*  ats  Edye,  Flamank,  Ward,*  Opie, 
Andrew,  Tucker  or  Toker,  Michell,*  Tubbe,  Cocke,*  Avery,*  Archer,  Carne,  Hamblie,*  Vivian, 
Dagge,  Walker,  Stone,  Mathew,*  &c.  The  names  mai-kcd  thus  *  are  still  to  be  met  with  in  the 
town  and  neighbourhood. 

*  Making  the  alteration  wonld  nut  iutcrfcrc  with  the  marriages,  they  being  now  so  dated.  It  would  affect  only  the 
first  ttvn  months  of  the  Baptisms,  and  would  rectify  the  ivholc  of  the  Bui'ials  to  the  accession  of  Janies  I. 

f  On  attempting  to  verify  his  returns,  errors  were  at  once  discovered.  Entiies  of  more  than  one  baptism  or  buiial  on 
the  same  day,  when  written  in  a  single  line,  were  counted  by  him  (in  many  cases)  as  "one"  only.  In  1643  (April — 
November)  thirteen  marriages  are  written  in  twice  by  mistake.  Mr.  Wallis  did  not  observe  this,  and  has  consequently 
reckoned  them  as  "  twenty-six  !''     Having  given  con-ect  returns  for  several  years,  he  thus  incorrectly  gives  the  following: — 

r    l(!4-t 

j      1645 

Marriages        '      1646 

in  the  years       j      1647 

j      1648 

Such  an  instance  as  this  is  merely  given  to  show  that,  notwithstanding  the  immense  labour  and  great  care  which  he 
bestowed  upon  the  preparation  of  his  tables,  they  cannot  be  safely  relied  upon  for  their  accuracy. 


14    > 

--        8 

7 

10 

11 

instead  of   , 

6 

7 

6 

1 

7 

>-        « 

f 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY— CHANTRIES.  81 

Chantries. 
Naylor's  Chantnj,  or  the  Chantry  of  St.  John  Baptist. 

The  first  charitable  gift  in  connexion  with  this  chiu'ch,  of  wliich  we  have  any  knowledge, 
is  the  endowment  of  a  chantry,  dedicated  to  St.  John  Baptist,  by  Stephen  Naylor,  a  native  of 
Bodmin,  who,  in  the  year  1474*,  obtained  the  King's  licence  for  founding  a  chantry  either  in  the 
chm-cli  of  St.  Petrock,  or  in  the  conventual  chiu-ch  of  the  priory  of  St.  Petrock  of  Bodmin,  upon 
which  he  settled  lands  then  of  the  value  of  Ql.  per  annum,  for  "  one  priest  to  celebrate  divine 
service  therein  for  over." 

There  is  also  among  the  muniments  of  the  Corporation  a  deed  of  endowment  of  35/.  for 
Sir  Richard  Down,  priest,  to  sing  mass,  dated  at  Bodmin  29  July,  i)th  Henry  VII.  (1494),  between 
John  Wattys  and  Richard  Flamanke,  esquire,  and  mayor,  with  all  his  twenty-four  worshipfuUs  of 
the  said  town.  It  witnesseth  that  John  Wattys  on  the  Sunday  next  following  the  date,  before  all 
the  parishif)ncrs  in  the  parish  church  of  St.  Petrock  of  Bodmyn,  paid  to  the  said  Richard  Fla- 
manke, mayor,  and  his  twenty-four  aforesaid,  the  said  sum  of  35/.,  which  they  received  and 
charged  upon  themselves,  for  it  to  answer  before  God  and  man.f 

A  further  endowment  of  this  chantry  was  made  by  deed  dated  27  March,  13  Henry  VII. 
(1498),  between  Richard  Flamank,  Esquiro,  Wylliam  Trote,  the  younger,  Nycholas  Rusth, 
Rychard  Blyghe,  and  Roger  Langman,  on  the  one  partye,  and  Sjt  Rychard  Dun,  Chantry  Priest 
off  the  Gilde  of  Seynt  John  Baptist  wytliyn  the  pysh  Chyrch  of  Seyut  Petrock  off  Bodmyn  fore 
seyd,  on  the  other  partye ;  whereby  they  granted  to  the  said  Richard  Dun  and  his  successors  the 
remainder  of  a  tenement  in  "  Ic  Bor  Strete  in  Bodmyn,"  after  the  death  of  Agnys  Broker,  late 
the  wife  of  John  Broker,  that  the  foreseyd  John  Broker,  and  Emett  and  Agnys  hys  wyftes,  Ilafte 

•  We  find  in  the  Accounts  of  the  Receivers  General  of  tlie  Borough,  under  the  date  of  18  Edwai"d  IV.,  the  following 
entry  : — 
"  It.  to  y*  Bishop  for  a  licence  to  St.  John  is  awter "    This  licence  was  four  years  after  the  date 

assigned  to  the  foundation.     It  is  singular,  however,  that  in  the  accounts  for  building  the  Chiuxh  we  have  many 

special  payments  in  connexion  with  the  Chapel  of  St.  John,  (■.(/.  : — 

"  It.  for  grase  tahcU  stonys  for  Seint  John  is  Tide iij  s.  vj  d. 

"  It.  to  Richard  fforth  for  xiiij  joi-nayes  and  di'  upon  the  jamliys  of  the  Chancelor  dor,  and  upon  the 

grase  tabell  yn  Seynt  John  is  Rde vij  s.  iij  d. 

"  It.  the  seide  Ric.  (Ric.  Richowe)  hath  recevyd  for  the  pelorys  bctwene  the  Chansclcr  and  Seynt  John 

is  Ilde,  in  complete  payment     .............  vj  li. 

"  It.  to  Ric.  Richowe  and  to  his  fclowys  for  drawyng  ston  at  Mor,  and  scapeljTig  for  the  peloris  bctwene 

Seynt  John  is  Tide  and  the  Cbanselcr xx.w  li.  v  s.  viij  d. 

"  It.  y  payed  for  scapel}-ng  of  the  Chapitaries  bctwene  the  Clianccry  and  Seynt  John  is  Ilde  ix  s. 

"Also  y  paied  to  Robt.  Wettor,  and  to  his  feliship,  at  More  for  the  3  peloris. and  di',  the  church  dor 

and  porch  dor,  and  wyndow7s,  and  the  makyng  of  Seynt  John  is  Auter,  50  jornays  .        .  xxts. 

"  Also,  y  paide  to  John  Hancock  for  helyng  Seynt  .lobii  is  Ilde  yn  taxk xxs. 

"  Thomas  Lncomb  glased  the  gabell  wyndowe  yn  Seynt  Jolin  is  Ilde." 

It  would  a]ipcar  from  these  entries  that  the  South  Chancel  Ai.slc  is  that  here  called  "  St.  .John's  Ilde." 

I  Bodmin  Register,  p.  290. 

Y 


82  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 

Hosjen  and  Isabell  liys  wyfFe,  and  all  tlicr  chyldrjn,  the  sowlys  off  them  and  all  erystyn  sowlys, 
to  be  cotydyauly  preyed  for  and  had  yn  the  memento  and  memoryall  remembrances  off  the 
foreseyd  Syr  Rychard  Dun,  Chauntry  Prest  for  seyd,  and  also  of  all  hys  suecessours  att  all  or 
any  tyme  beyng  j-n  tynie  comyng,  &c.* 

The  Commissioners  appointed  37  Hen.  VIII.  to  inquire  into  the  Chanti'ies,  Hospitals,  Colleges, 
(fee.  which  had  fallen  into  tlic  King's  hands  by  reason  of  the  Act  of  Parliament  of  that  year,  certi- 
fied this  Chantry  to  have  been  founded  by  the  King's  Majesty. "f"  In  this,  however,  they  were 
clearly  in  error,  as  is  shown  by  a  certificate  made  in  return  to  another  inquisition  under  a  Com- 
mission issued  14  February  2  Edw.  VI.  This  last  certificate  correctly  states  that  the  chantry  was 
foimded  by  "  on  Nayler,"  and  it  is  added  that  the  lands,  &c.  belonging  to  it  were  of  the  annual 
value  of  8/.  2s.  id.,  whereof  \6s.  bd.  was  paid  out  of  it  as  rent  to  divers  persons,  bl.  6s.  8rf.  was 
appropriated  as  the  stipend  of  Nicholas  Taprell,  then  incumbent  of  the  chantry,  and  13s.  4c/.  was 
distributed  as  alms  to  the  poor,  leaving  a  balance  of  25s.  4(/.  which  was  expended  by  the  church- 
wardens and  overseers  for  the  time  being  in  iipholding  the  buildings,  &c.  belonging  to  the  said 
chantry.  It  appears  from  the  certificate  that  the  number  of  housling  people  at  this  date  was 
1500.  It  is  further  stated  that  the  ornaments,  jewels,  plate,  kc.  belonging  to  the  chantry  was 
of  the  value  of  3s.  4(7.  % 

From  another  certificate  it  appears  that  Sir  Nicholas  Taprell  the  chantry  jjriest,  who  was  of 
the  age  of  70  years,  held  no  other  promotion,  and  that  also  "  by  the  fundacon  the  said  Prest  is 
boundeu  to  teache  yong  Childeren."  In  a  declaration  of  the  uses  to  which  the  revenues  of  this 
charity  were  to  be  applied  it  appears  that  "  ther  was  a  Scole  ther,  the  Scolem''  being  the  said 
Nicholas,"  and  that  in  respect  to  the  stipend  which  he  received  he  was  appointed  to  assist  in  the 
cure  of  souls. 

It  is  presumed  that  Nicholas  Taprell  enjoyed  the  revenues  of  the  charity  during  his  life.  We 
have  no  evidence  of  his  death;  but  in  1597  the  auditor  of  the  Court  of  Augmentations  certified 
that  the  premises  were  not  a  charge  before  him.  A  certain  Hugh  King  applied  fur  a  lease  for 
21  years  which  was  granted  on  the  S''''  March  in  that  year,  the  premises  being  described  as  one 
close  of  laud  with  app'''^^  in  the  parish  of  Bodmyn  called  Pederwen,  late  in  the  occupation  of 
William  Pomeraye  ;  a  messuage  witli  a  garden  in  Bodmyn,  late  in  the  occupation  of  Nicholas 
Miehell ;  a  messuage  and  lands  in  Paddestow,  late  in  the  same  occupation  ;  a  tenement  in  St. 
Ethe,  late  in  the  occupation  of  John  Harrye  ;  and  a  close  of  land  called  Pederwen  Park,  in  the 
oarish  of  St.  Breoeke,  late  in  the  occupation  of  Henry  Coke  ;  which  said  premises  were  desci-ibed 
as  parcel  of  the  chantry  called  Naylor's  Chantry,  ats  the  chantiy  of  St.  John  Baptist,  founded  in 
the  town  of  Bodmyn,  in  the  parish  church  there. §  By  a  grant  dated  7  July,  7th  Edward  VI.,  the 
lands  belonging  to  this  chantry  were  conveyed  to  William  Necton  and  William  Mingay  in  fee.|| 

*  Municipal  Records. 

t  Court  of  Aug.  Certificate  No.  l.">. 

%  Court  of  Aug.  Certificate  No.  9. 

§  Court  of  Aug.     Particulars  of  Leases,  Elizabeth  ami  James,  Roll  4,  No.  6. 

II  Crown  Lands  Tnrolment  Office. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTOKY — CHANTRIES.  83 

Tlic  following  extent  of  the  lands  of  this  Charity  is  found  among  the  Municijial  Records.    The 
document  is  undated  : — 

Extenta  et  annuus  terrarum  et  tenementomm  pcrtinencium  Cantarie  Stephani  Nayler  de  Bodmyiia.    Et  annuus  et  quietus 

reditus  eorundem. 

»■    d.  s.    d. 

In  primis  duo  messuairia  et  duo  cellaria  in  potcstate  in  Bodmyn'  nuper  Job's  Coche  per  annum  20  0  redditus  inde  0  6 
Item  unum  gardiuuni  in  Newstrete  nuper  cjusdem  .loli'is  per  annum.  .  .     0  12   redditus  inde     0     (> 

Item  unum  shopa  sive  sclda  in  fforestrete  per  annum .  .         .         .  .10     0   redditus  inde    0     9 

Item  unum  tenementum  et  unum  gardinum  iu  Borestrete  et  mia  donms  vocata  "  le  Bakehous  " 

in  Borelane  per  annum 5     0   redditus  inde     0     3 

Item  unum  clausiun  in  capite  via  de  Newestrete  vocatum  Vedours  parke  per  annum  .         .  11     0 

Item  duo  elansa  vocata  Pederwyuos  parke  [damaged  herel 3     4   redditus  inde     0     3 

Item  unum  clausum  in  BodjTiTell  iu  terra  de  Penbugell  p'  annum     .         .         .         .         .         .   10    0   redditus         .     0     8 

Item  una  parcellii  jampnum  et  bruere*  vocata  Whytley  ibidem  per  annum       .         .         .         .     0  12 

Item  unu.s   annualis   redditus  exeunt'  de  diversis  terris  et  tenementis  Johannis  Tremure  in 

Gonvcna 13     4 

Item  unum  messuagimn  et  acra  ternc  et  prati  cum  pcrtinenciis  in  Trekyowe  per  annum  .  .  22  0  redditus  inde  4  0 
Item  unum  messnagium  et  tres  acre  ternu  et  pastmx' in  ov'a  Bodynyell  nupcr  Johannis  Bere  12     0   redditus  inde     0  12 

Item  una  ((uainnn  eidcm  messuagio  pertinenti  ibidem  per  an' 0  20 

Item  nnum  mesuagium  et  tres  acre  terra;  et  pasture  in  Trevanyau  per  annum  .  .  .  .  13  4  redditus  iude  3  4 
Item  unum  mesuagium  et  tres  parcelle  terrai  in  Padstow  nuper  Johannis  Walter  per  annum  .  3  0  redditus  inde  0  » 
Item  unum  mcsuagiiun  et  tres  parcelle  terra;  in  Crukmure  per  annum  .  .  .  .  .GO  redditus  inde  0  7 
Item  unum  mesuagium  et  unum  gardinum  in  Padstow  nuper  tennra  Richardi  Harryes  per 

annum  indenturam 2     0   redditus  inde     0     t! 

Item  unum  mesuagium  et  quinque  pccic  terra;  in  Padstowe  per  annum 4     0   redditus  iude     0     8 

Item  unum  toftum  et  duo  gardina  in  Padstow  ]ier  annum  .         .         .         .         .         .         .         .20   redditus  inde     0     r> 

Item  unum  mesuagitnn  in  Reyustretc  iu  Bndmyna  nuper  Joliannis  Bulpyt  consanguinei  et 

hcredls  Tliomx  Robyns 7     0   redditus  inde     0     7 

Item  nnum  mesuagium  in  Borestrete  in  Bodmyna  nuper  Johannis  Broker  per  annum  .  .  10  0  redditus  inde  2  0 
Item  tres  parcella;  terra;  in  Grylles  ]ier  annum 

Summa 157     8  IC     8 

Summa  totius  annui  valoris  terrarum  et  tenementorum  supradictorum  .  .  .  .  .  £7  17s.  8^/. 
Summa  totius  redditus  predict! 16s.  8rf. 

The  following  curious  document,  written  upon  a  small  scrap  of  parchment  endorsed 
"  Rekever  oft'  Trekyow  A  [g]ensse  the  por  off  lauston "  is  preserved  among  the  Municipal 
Records: — Be  hyt  knowyn  that  thys  ys  the  record  that  mas?  Nayler  hadde  a  gayusse  on  John  Eyr 
for  the  tenement  at  Tikj-ow  T,  the  por  off  lanston  wyche  was  hy  lord  oft'  the  sayde  T'kyow  yii 
Syut  Tethe  pyscho  Vnderstaud  youc  that  schcU  se  ihys  thys  was  hurto  yii  the  cofer  311  f  the 

concelle  howsse.     Neu  the  lesse  ze  schell  haue         Copy  off  thys  record  yn         pypys  att  london 

A"  r.r.  Edwardij  Vicesimo.     Ro:  ccccl.  ap''  Westmes?  vj"  die  Julij  .  coram  Thome  bryant. 

*  Furze  and  heath.  -f  Sic. 


84  PARISH  OF  BODMIX. 

The  Chantry  of  St.  Thomas  the  Martyr. 

The  elegant  cliapel  of  this  chantry,  in  the  churchyard,  now  in  a  sad  state  of  decay,  attracts  the 
notice  of  every  \'isitor  to  Bodmin.  It  was  erected  in  the  reign  of  King  Edward  III. ;  and  a  few  days 
after  the  death  of  that  monarch,  viz.  on  18  March  1377,  licence  was  granted  by  Bishop  Breut- 
ingham  to  Richard  Juyl  to  have  Divine  offices  celebrated  in  his  presence  by  a  duly  quahfied 
priest  in  the  chapel  of  St.  Thomas  the  MartjT,  in  the  cemetery  of  the  Parish  Chiu-ch  of  Bodmin, 
during  the  pleasure  of  the  bishop.* 

The  building  is  in  the  best  style  of  the  period.  The  chapel  is  in  form  a  parallelogram 
44  ft.  9  in.  by  18  ft  internal  dimensions.  (See  Plan,  Plate  vu.)  Underneath  is  a  crypt  with  a 
vaulted  roof  of  tlie  wagon  form.  The  walls  are  supported  by  lateral  buttresses  at  the  angles,  and 
on  the  south  side  are  three  other  buttresses  and  a  porch  (formerly  approached  by  steps)  also 
buttressed.  It  is  lighted  by  an  east  window  of  three  lights  of  elegant  form  and  tracery,  and  two 
other  windows  of  two  lights  each  on  each  side,  tlie  tracery  of  which  has  been  broken  out,  but  the 
remains  show  that  they  differed  in  design.  In  the  south  wall  are  triple  sedilia  of  good  second 
pointed  workmanship,  and  a  piscina  of  the  same  character.  We  have  not  found  any  evidence  of 
endowment  for  this  chapel. 

Charities. 

Before  the  alterations  of  the  church  there  was  placed  over  the  porch  door  a  tablet,  not  now 
existing,  with  the  following  list  of  donations : — 

The  names  of  those  good  Benefactors  whome  God  in  his  mercy  hath  stirred  up  to  be  helpfull 
unto  the  poor  of  the  Borough  of  Bodmi^-n  : 

Imp.  Nicholas  Stojle,  pson  of  BKsland,t  gave  xx  pownds  to  be  put  to  use  for  the  releefe  of 
the  poore  of  BodmjTi. 

It.  Hugh  Atwill,  pson  of  St.  Tewe,  gave  liij  s.  iiij  d. 

It.   George  Job,  of  Boclmyn  town,  gave  xj  s. 

It.  William  Austen  of  London,  gent.,  gave  v  pownds. 

It    George  Parret  of  Blisland,J  gave  xxxiij  s.  iiij  d. 

It.  Thomas  Grose  of  Lavedon,  gent,  gave  to  the  poore  of  Bodmyn  iij  ponds. 

It.  Eichard  Cundy  of  St.  Goran,  gent.,  gave  100  pownds,  to  be  lent  for  x  ponds  p  ann ; 
and  V  pow'ds  iiij  s.  of  ye  said  x  pownds  to  be  distributed  in  ij  s.  every  Sunday  in  ye  yere  in  bread 
to  the  poore  at  the  church  by  the  churchwardens,  and  xvj  s.  to  the  wardens  for  their  paines,  and 
other  iiij  pownds  to  be  bestowed  in  eloakes  for  y^  poore  of  Bodmyn,  at  every  Christmas,  by  the 
Mayor  and  Magisti-ats  of  BodmjTi. 

It.  M"^  Phillip  Roscarock,  the  wife  of  Humplu-y  Roscarock,  gent.,  gave  6/.  13s.  M.  to  be 
lent  out  for  2Qd.  the  powud,  the  which  use  money  is  to  be  distributed  to  the  poore  by  the  Mayor 

*  Bishop  Brentingham's  Register,  fo.  70. 

t  Nicholas  Stowell,  who  was  bm-ied  at  Blisland  19th  December,  1600. 

%  Qy.  George  J/arrett,  buried  at  Blisland  25th  March,  1611. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY — CHARITIES.  85 

on  Good  Fryclay  ])orpetualIy.     The  said  Phillip  Roscarock,  widow,  gave  other  x.  pounds  at  her 
death  to  the  use  of  the  poor  of  Bodniyii. 

It.  Thomas  Deurant,  of  Bodmin,  tanner,  gave  v.  pounds  to  the  use  of  the  poore  of  Bodmyu. 

It.  Digory  Dag  *  of  St.  Kew,  yongman,  gave  to  the  use  of  the  poore  of  St.  Anthonye's 
Chappell  in  Bodmyu  40.s-. 

It.  Nicholas  t  Sprey,  gent,  gave  a  piece  of  land  in  Cobbshorn,  at  the  value  of  53s.  id.  p  ann. 
to  be  bestowed  in  clothes  for  poore  boys  for  ever. 

It    Robert  Wilton,  gent,  gave  to  the  use  of  the  poor  of  Bodmyn  x.  pow'ds. 

William  Stone,  Mayor  of  Bodmyn,  I623.t 

The  following  charities,  subsequently  given,  are  printed  in  a  Return  made  to  the  House  of 
Commons  on  26  June  1816  : — 

H)52.  Deed  dated  24  and  25  February,  Warwick  Lord  Mohun,  rent-charge  of  21.  IQg.  on 
the  tithe  of  sheaf  and  fish  in  the  parish  of  Lanteglos  by  Fowey,  vested  in  the  Mayor  and  Bur- 
gesses for  the  use  of  the  poor. 

1624.  John  C'hamond,  land,  &c.  Dunmere,  mills  and  meadows  and  orchards,  vested  in  the 
Mayor  and  Burgesses  for  the  relief  of  tlie  poor  (not  apnlied  for  many  years). 

Date  unknown.  John  Hoblyn,  land  vested  in  the  Mayor  and  Burgesses  for  bread  for  the 
poor,  21.  12*-.  ^  afin. 

Date  and  title  iniknown.  John  Moyle,  high  rents  vested  in  Mayor  and  Burgesses,  21.  17.v. 
p  ann  (not  applied). 

1813.  March  13.  AVilliam  Pope  of  Bodmin,  yeoman,  by  will  of  this  date,  gave  to  Richard 
Coom  of  Bodmin,  gent,  all  his  personal  estate,  after  the  death  of  two  annuitants,  to  the  use 
of  the  poor  of  Bodmin,  the  interest  to  be  distributed  b}-  the  vicar  and  churchwardens,  in  equal 
portions  on  Good  Friday  and  Christmas  Day  for  ever,  amongst  the  poor  inhabitants  of  the  said 
borough  (whether  receiving  alms  or  not)  as  the  said  vicar  and  churchwardens  shall  deem  tit 
objects  of  charity. 

*  Digory  Dagg,  son  of  Nicholas  Dagge,  of  Bcnholl,  in  St.lvcw,  wlm  died  before  2Ctli  April,  lG2:i,  as  shown  Ijy  ii 
memorandum  in  possession  of  ]^dwnrd  Archer,  of  Trelaske,  esi]. 

t  Will  proveil  in  the  Prerogative  Court  of  Canterbury,  .SOtli  April,  lfi2.">  (Byrd.  '.Ki,  Clarke  42)  gives  to  the  mayor  and 
burgesses  of  Bodmin  for  the  use  of  the  poor  a  do.sc  of  land,  containing  4J  acres,  near  Colihome,  subject  to  a  lease  held 
by  .lohn  Batt  for  a  tenu  of  21  years  at  the  rent  of  i  marks  and  a  capon  per  annum,  which  rent  he  <lirects,  during  the 
continuance  of  the  said  lease,  shall  be  received  by  the  said  mayor,  the  rent  to  be  expended  in  the  purchase  of  cloth  and 
necessary  apparel  and  the  making  of  clothes  for  six  poor  fatherless  boys  natives  of  the  borough,  and  nndcr  the  age  of  12 
years,  and  the  capon  to  be  given  to  the  mayor  for  the  time  being,  to  lie  eaten  at  his  s-upper  every  new  year's  day,  and 
provision  is  made  that,  if  the  mayor  and  burgesses  shall  neglect  or  refuse  the  yearly  |)erformance  of  the  premises,  it  shall 
be  lawful  for  the  heirs  of  the  said  testator  to  re-enter  and  possess  the  said  land,  and  to  receive  the  rent.s  and  proKts,  and 
employ  the  same  to  the  use  of  the  poor  children  as  l)efore  appointed;  and  he  directs  that  40.'r.  shall  be  spent  in  bread  to  be 
distributed  at  his  funeral.  J  Bodmin  Register,  pp.  7,  8. 


86  PARISH  OF  BODMiy. 


THE  CONVENT  OF  THE  FRANCISCANS,  FRIARS  MINORITES,  OR 

GREY  FRIARS. 

Tliis  fraternity  derived  its  first  designation  from  their  founder,  St.  Francis  of  Assisi ;  the 
second  fi-om  the  circumstance  that  the  brethren  regai'ded  themselves  as  the  youngest  and  humblest 
of  the  religious  orders  :  and  the  third  vv'as  given  to  them,  in  England,  from  the  colour  of  their 
habit,  which  was  made  of  coarse  light  grey  cloth,  girt  with  a  common  cord,  over  which,  in 
severe  weather,  was  worn  a  mantle  of  the  like  colour  and  material. 

At  the  close  of  the  12th  century  and  beginning  of  the  13th,  infidelity  obtained  to  a  gi'eat 
extent,  especially  in  populous  towns ;  in  the  suburbs  surrounding  which  had  accumidated  a  large 
and  disorderly  population,  without  sufficient,  or  indeed,  in  many  instances,  any  means  of  religions 
instruction.  The  citizens  and  burgesses,  with  res])cct  to  the  means  of  religion,  were  not  uncared 
for,  but  not  so  the  dregs  of  the  population  beyond  the  city  walls,  which  was  daily  recruited  by 
those  who  fled  from  the  oppression  or  harshness  of  the  feudal  system,  or  even  from  the  stern 
justice  of  the  feudal  lord.  This  mixed  population,  composed  of  all  races  and  religions,  in  those 
days  as  imtil  lately  in  our  own,  attracted  not  much  attention  either  to  their  religious  or  sanitary 
needs.  Settled  in  low,  reeking,  swampy  soils,  without  drainage  and  amid  foetid  odours,  they 
became  a  prey  to  all  kinds  of  pestilence,  and  especially  did  they  suffer  from  that  terrible  scourge 
of  mankind — the  leprosy. 

The  church  was  little  able  to  cope  with  this  e\il.  It  also  was  in  a  lamentable  condition  of 
disorder.  The  clergy  were  indolent  and  licentious.  Their  children  were  placed  in  even  the 
hiehest  offices  and  benefices,  the  duties  of  which  thev  disregarded. 

Such  was  the  state  of  things  on  the  birth  of  St.  Francis  at  Assisi,  in  Italy,  in  1282,*  and 
whilst  he  was  yet  a  young  man,  observing  the  disorders  which  prevailed  in  the  church,  as  a 
means  to  their  removal  he  commenced  his  scheme  of  religious  organization.  The  fraternity  which 
he  founded  was  entirely  of  a  missionary  character,  and  one  of  the  chief  objects  of  the  brethren 
was  the  preaching  of  the  gospel  to  the  degraded  masses  about  the  great  towns,  and  to  these 
wretched  localities,  according  to  apostolic  rule,  they  were  despatched  two  and  two. 

Tlie  rule  of  the  Franciscan  Order  required  the  most  absolute  poverty.  The  brethren  were 
not  allowed  to  })osscss  any  thing  except  their  habit,  and  were  to  beg  from  door  to  door  for  their 
support.  Money  they  were  not  to  receive,  except  in  case  of  necessity,  when  absolutely  required 
to  pro\-ide  for  the  sick  that  which  coidd  not  otherwise  be  obtained.  In  such  cases,  however,  they 
were  not  permitted  to  receive  any  greater  amount  than  the  special  occasion  demanded,  and  if 
any  surplus  remained  after  providing  what  was  immediately  required,  the  wishes  of  the  donor 
were  to  be  consulted  as  to  its  disposal.  Bareheaded  and  barefooted  the  Franciscan  friar  wended 
his  way  through  the  most  wretched  purlieus  of  the  city,  receiving  from  the  poor  inhabitants  such 

*  irnnunienta  Frnniisciina.  i. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  UISTORT — THE  GREY  miARS.  87 

gifts  as  from  their  poverty  they  could  ofier :  meat,  salt,  and  fruit,  stale  beer  and  milk  ;  sleeping 
under  arches,  in  the  porches  of  desolate  churches,  or  wherever  else  slender  shelter  could  be 
found.  The  gifts  he  received  in  alms  he  could  not  sell,  and  he  was  not  allowed  to  receive  more 
than  his  necessities  required  for  the  day.  He  was  essentially  the  poor  missionary  to  the  poor ; 
tlepcndent  entirely  upon  their  sympathy,  and  he  had  his  reward  in  the  success  which  attended  his 
self-devotion.     The  Franciscan  friars  were  in  fact  the  pioneers  of  the  reformation  of  the  church. 

There  was,  however,  a  sorer  discipline  behind,  which  St.  Francis  taught  his  disciples  by  his 
t>wn  example.  The  leprosy,  fostered  by  bad  diet,  insufticicnt  clothing,  squalid  lodging,  and 
absence  of  drainage,  was  a  dire  scourge  to  the  town  population.  St.  Francis  took  an  eidarged 
view  of  the  sympathies  of  mankind.  He  himself  attended  u])oii  the  leprous  sick,  and  performed 
for  them  all  those  loatlisome  offices,  however  offensive,  wliieii  the  miserable  condition  of  the 
wretched  patients  required,  and  he  enjoined  his  friars  to  dwell  in  the  lazar  hospitals  and  do  the 
same.  Neither  noble  nor  ignoble,  learned  mor  illiterate  were  excused  from  this  duty.  What 
greater  bond  of  common  .sympathy  could  exist  than  that  created  between  those  who  gave  and 
those  who  received  such  services  !  It  struck  a  chord  which  vibrated  throughout  the  whole  pojju- 
lation,  and  rendered  the  Franciscan  friars  more  popular  among  all  classes  than  any  otJier  religious 
order. 

The  rule  of  the  fraternit)-  was  approved  by  Pope  Innocent  III.  in  1210,  and  confirmed  by 
Pope  Honorius  III.  in  1224.  Unlike  the  earlier  founders  of  religious  orders,  the  qualifications 
required  from  candidates  for  admission  into  this  brotherhood  would  lead  to  the  conclusion  that  the 
founder  desired  to  enlist  the  services  of  the  better  educated  and  not  those  of  the  lower  class.  "He 
shall,"  says  the  rule,  "  be  whole  of  body  and  prompt  of  mind ;  not  in  debt ;  not  a  bond-man 
born;  not  unlawfully  begotten ;  of  good  name  and  fame ;  and  competently  learned."*  Here  then 
we  see  the  field  and  the  labourers  appointed  therein  to  work  ;  the  snceess  \ouchsafed  seems  mar- 
vellous in  our  ej'cs. 

At  the  first  general  convention  of  the  order  in  the  year  1217,  its  numbers  had  already  con- 
siderably increased,  and  two  years  afterwards  it  consisted  of  more  than  5,000  brethren.t  Elate 
with  this  success,  St.  Francis  determined  to  appoint  provincial  ministries  in  the  principal  kingdoms 
of  Europe;  and  in  1224,  two  years  before  the  death  ot  the  founder,  a  deputation  of  nine  of  the 
confraternity  settled  in  England,  taking  up  their  first  residence  in  the  Benedictine  Priory  of  the 
Holy  Trinity  at  Canterbury,  in  which  city  five  of  their  number  soon  afterwards  founded  the  fir.st 
Franciscan  convent  in  England.  Within  thirty  years  afterwards  their  immbers  in  this  country 
alone  amounted  to  1,242, J  and  they  had  forty-nine  convents  in  difi'erent  localities  ;  an  instance  of 
religious  organization  and  proj)agandism  unexampled  in  the  history  of  the  world. 

The  attention  of  the  friars  was  not  confined  to  the  religious  destitution  of  the  town  population. 
Their  attendance  upon  the  sick  led  them  to  the  study  of  medicine,  natural  philosophy,  aud  the 
physical  sciences  in  general.  Although  as  time  advanced,  anil  the  condition  of  the  people  among 
wiiom  they  chiefly  laboured  became   ameliorated,  the  condition  of  the  brethren  somewhat  im- 

*  Monuinenta  Fraiiciscanii,  xxviii.  f  Chron.  of  the  Grey  Fri.ars  of  I/Oiuloii.     Caniil.  Sue. 

J  Mouuiueiita  FnuRiscana.     Ecclestun  10. 


88  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 

proved,  they  continued  bound  by  their  rule  of  poverty,  and  still  remained  the  poor  begging  friars; 
nevertheless  they  became  the  greatest  promoters  and  professors  of  learning,  and  in  the  world  of 
letters  none  shed  a  brighter  lustre  than  did  tlie  Franciscan  brothers  of  our  own  country.  It  ■will 
be  sufficient  to  name  Adam  de  Marisco,  Richard  of  Coventry',  John  Wallis,  Thomas  Dock3Tig, 
Roger  Bacon,  Peccham  Archliishop  of  Canterbury,  Duns  Seotus,  and  Occham,  all  famous  Fran- 
ciscan schoolmen  of  English  birth.*  We  must  not,  however,  omit  to  mention  Richard  of  Corn- 
wall, probably  a  friar  of  Bodmin,  who  became  famous  as  a  professor  at  Oxford  and  afterwards  at 
Paris,  one  of  the  most  popular  lecturers  of  his  age,  who  was  imiversally  beloved  for  his  piety, 
abilities,  and  conversation. 

There  seems  to  be  some  doubt  as  to  the  foundation  of  the  Friary  at  Bodmin.  AVilliam  of 
Worcester  gives  two  different  accounts  of  its  origin.  In  one  place  he  says  it  was  founded  by 
Edmund  Earl  of  Cornwall  in  July  1239,  observing,  immediately  afterwards,  that  John  Fitz  Ralph, 
Lord  of  Kayryshays,  who  died  on  3rd  June  1342,  was  the  first  founder;  and  afterwards  he  says 
it  was  founded  by  Richard  Earl  of  Cornwall.  Of  course,  if  the  date  given  be  correct,  the  name  of 
Earl  Edmund  must  be  an  error,  for  Earl  Richard  did  not  die  until  1272,  and  his  marriage  with 
Sencliia,  his  third  wife,  daughter  of  Raymond  Earl  of  Provence,  who  was  the  mother  of  Earl 
Edmund,  was  jiot  solemnized  until  1223,  and  consequently  at  tlie  date  given  as  that  of  the 
foundation  Edmund  must  have  been  within  age.  This  author  fm-ther  states  that  the  chm-ch  was 
dedicated  by  Jolm  Grandison  Bishop  of  Exeter  in  1352.  We  do  not,  however,  find  any  record 
of  the  benediction  in  Bishop  Graudison's  Register  under  the  year  stated,  or  elsewhere,  but  we 
have  evidence  that  the  church  was  in  existence  in  1253  ;  for  in  that  year  Robert  Clapethoyr 
took  sanctuary  in  the  church  of  St.  Francis  of  Bodmjne,  and  confessed  himself  to  be  a  robber 
in  many  robberies,  and  abjured  the  kingdom  before  the  coroner  ;  and  because  the  town  of  Bodmyn 
did  not  take  him  when  this  occurred,  they  remained  in  the  king's  mercy,  and  probably  had  to 
pay  a  fincf 

Leland  says:  "  There  was  a  good  place  of  Gray  Freres  in  the  south  side  of  Bodmyn  town. 
One  John  de  London}  a  merchaunt,  was  the  beo'inner  of  this  house.  Edmund  Erie  of  Cornewaul 
augmented  it.  There  lay  buried  in  the  Gray  Freres  Sir  Hugh  and  Sir  Thomas  Pe^•erelle  knightes 
and  benefactors  to  the  house."  Other  members  of  the  Peverell  family  were  entombed  in  this 
church.  The  writer  has  now  before  him  an  acquittance  dated  21st  Henry  VI.  given  by  one 
William  Ford  for  the  sum  of  22  marks  sterling  for  certain  work  done  in  the  church  of  the  Friars 

*  Almost  every  Eraiiciscau  schoolman  of  note  came  from  these  islands,  Bonaicnture  and  Lully  excepted.  For 
originality  and  subtilty  in  the  breadth  of  their  attainments  they  were  much  renowned.  Lyons,  I'ans,  and  Cologne  were 
indebted  for  their  first  professors  to  the  English  Franciscans  in  Oxford.  Kepeated  ap)ilicatious  were  made  from  Ireland, 
Denmark,  France,  and  Germany  for  English  friars,  who  enjoyed  a  reputation  throughout  the  world  for  adhering  conscien- 
tiously and  strictly  to  the  poverty  and  severity  of  the  order.     (Adami  de  Marisco  Epistola;.) 

t  Assize  Koll,  11  Edw.  1.  m.  8.  d. 

X  William  de  London  was  one  of  the  first  converts  the  fiiars  made  in  England.  He  was  the  tailor  of  King  Henry  III. 
and  an  intimate  friend  of  Habert  de  Burgh,  justiciar)'  of  England  ;  and  we  find  still  earlier  notices  of  the  name  in  con- 
nexion with  the  county.  In  12  Edw.  I.  Thomas  de  Loudon  was  ajipoiutcd  attorney  of  Knger  Launc  against  Koger  de 
Carminou  in  a  pica  of  debt,  and  in  1)  Edw.  II.  Odo  de  [Sicca  Villa  was  amerced  at  Lauuccston  in  iOtf.  for  not  prosecuting 
Kichai'd  dc  London.     (Assize  Hull.) 


I 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY — THE  GREY  FRIARS.  89 

Minors  of  Bodmin  about  the  tomb  of  the  late  Thomas  Peverell,  esquire,  according  to  an  example 
portrayed  on  a  certain  parchment,  with  French  stone,  in  a  goodly  chapel. 

William  of  Worcester  gives  the  following  list  of  names  of  illustrious  personages  whose  obits 
were  kept  in  this  church,  extracted  from  the  Kalendar  of  the  house. 

1239.  Ecclcsia  fratrum  Ordiuis  Sancti  Francisci  villiB  de  Bodman,  fuudatur  per  Edmundum 

primum  Comitem  Cornubic-e  13  kalend.  Juhj  ;  et  ibi  isti  obitus  inveniuntur. 
1299.  Obiit  dominus  Tliomas  de  Caneia  die  12  Januarij. 

Obitus  dominaj  Johann:c  de  Kaermynaw. 
1329.  Eichardus  Rex  Almaniw  obiit  3  die  Aprihs. 
1314.  Jacobus  Peuerell  obiit. 
1349.  Johanna  de  Carmjniaw  obiit. 
1342,  Ehzabet  Peuerell  obiit. 

Johannes,  filius  Raduljihi  doniini  de  Kayrysliays,  primus  fundator  ecclesise  fratrum, 
obiit  3  die  Junij. 
1346.  Margeria  de  Treverbyn,  obiit  9  die  Junij. 
1372.  Dominus  Hugo  Peuerelle,  miles,  obiit  21  die  Junij. 

Innocentius  papa  tercius,  obiit  16  die  Julij. 
1349.  Margaretta  Sergeaux,  obiit  prime  die  Augusti,  et  hie  est  sepulta. 

Johannes  Mamie  et  Isabella  censors  ejus,  die  2  Augusti  obiit. 

Johanna  Mater  Ricardi  Regis  An£;li£e,  obiit  die  8  Augusti. 
1369.  Dominus  Thomas  do  Carmynaw. 

And  again : — 

Edmundus  et  Johannes  comites  Cornubise. 

Johannes,  filius  Radulphi  de  Bodman. 

Dominus  Johannes  de  ArundeU  chevalier. 

Dominus  W^illielmus  Soregeaux. 

Dominus  Hugo  Peuerelle. 

Dominus  Thomas  de  Cantia. 

Dominus  Johannes  Beaupree. 

Dominus Trewynt. 

1369.  Dominus  Thomas  Carmpiew,  miles. 

Dominus  Willielmus  Sergeaux. 

Dominus  Willielmus  Trelothyk. 

Dominus  Baldwyiius  de  Bello  prato. 

Dominus  Edmundus  Hywys,  armiger. 

Dominus  Waltorus  Blewet. 

Willielmus  Blundello. 

Dominus  Thomas  dc  Cantia,  obiit  anno  Christi  1299. 
1360.   Domina  Sibilia  Daunc,  obiit. 

Ricliardus  rex  Aleniania-,  comes  Cornubia?,  3  die  Aprilis,  obiit. 

2  A 


90  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 

1314.  Jacobus  de  Peuerelle,  obiit. 
1346.  Margeria  de  Treverbjm,  obiit. 
1327.  Hugo  de  Peuerelle,  miles,  obiit. 

Walterus,  Episcopus  Exoniensis,  obiit   die    23   Julij,  preeipuus  benefactor  fratrum 
Sancti  Francisci. 
1 349.  Domiua  Margareta  Sergeaux,  obiit  primo  die  Augusti. 

Johannes  Mowne,  armiger,  die  2  Augusti. 

Dominus  Randulphus  de  Wytheel. 

Domina  Alicia  Fitzwater. 

Edmundus,  conies  Cornubiae,  prime  die  Octobris. 

Johannes  Rodeney,  miles. 

Edmundus  Clevedon,  miles. 

Willielmus  Chambron,  anno  Christi  1353. 

In  registro  apud  Bodman  Ecclesiam  fratrum  Minorum. 

Mao-na  pestilencia  per  universum  mundum  inter  Saracenos  qui  pagans,  et  postea  inter 
Christianos,  ineepit  primo  in  Anglia  circa  kalend.  Augusti,  et  parum  ante  Nativitatem  Domini 
intraAnt  -v-illam  Bodminife,  ubi  mortui  fiierunt  circa  miUe  quingentos  per  estimacionem ;  et 
numerus  fratrum  defunctorum  a  capitulo  generali  Lugduniaj  celebratum  anno  Clu'isti  1351, 
usque  ad  aliud  sequens  capitulum  generale,  fuit  fratribus  ti-esdecim  milia  octingenti  octaginta 
tres,  exceptis  sex  %-icariis. 

The  following  superiors  of  this  house  are  the  only  ones  which  have  fallen  under  our  notice. 

Adam  de  Treklad,  mentioned  as  Guardian  *  by  Bishop  Grandison,  Oct.  26tli,  1328.t 

Adam ocem-s  April  11th,  1330,  probably  the  same. 

Eichard  Roscarn,  Februaiy  15th,  1373. 

Roger  Rosemelian,  February  17th,  1380.$ 

Of  the  history  of  tlie  Friary  we  have  scarcely  any  knowledge.  With  respect  thereto  the 
records  are  very  barren. 

The  possessions  of  the  Friars  Minors  fell  into  the  hands  of  King  Henry  VIII.  by  reason  of  the 
Act  of  Parliament  dissolving  the  smaller  monasteries.  The  religious  houses  were  the  strongest 
supporters  of  the  imfortunate  Queen  Katlierine,  by  which  they  incm-red  the  King's  heavj'  dis- 
pleasm-e.  Among  these  the  friars  wei'e  the  most  obnoxious.  Tliey  were  constantly  about  among 
the  people,  were  generally  able  preachers,  popular,  active,  and  industrious ;  and  as  they  had  tlie 
will  so  had  they  power  to  exercise  a  considerable  influence  in  the  then  critical  state  of  affairs. 
Their  very  poverty  made  them  independent.  Tliey  had  Httle  or  nothing  to  lose,  and,  as  they  were 
the  weakest,  they  were  the  first  to  suffer.     Possessions  they  had  none,  except  their  houses  and  a 

*  This  was  the  usual  designation  of  the  superior  of  a  Franciscan  monastery.  It  has  been  corrupted  into  rrwrden. 
There  was  a  certain  dignity  attached  to  the  title  of  abbot,  and  even  prior,  which  many  pious  and  humble  founders  dis- 
liked. St.  Francis,  out  of  pure  modesty,  would  not  allow  any  superiors  of  his  order  to  be  so  called,  but  directed  them  to 
be  named  Guardians,  and  the  monks  he  ordered  to  be  called  Fratcrculi. 

t  Bp.  Grandison's  Eeg.  vol.  ii.  fo.  78.  %  Bp.  Brant.  Keg.  vol.  i.  fo.  203. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTOUY — THE  GREY  FEIARS.  91 

sufficient  quantity  of  land  to  grow  vegetables  for  their  use ;  but  they  were  rich  in  plate  and  vest- 
ments for  the  altar.  Even  the  possession  of  these  things,  however,  was  contrary  to  the  rule  of 
their  order,  and  they  were  usually  held  for  them  by  the  townspeople,  or  corporate  bodies,  where 
their  convents  were  situated 

England  was  divided  by  the  Grey  Friars  into  seven  custodies  or  wardenships,  of  which 
Bodmin  was  in  the  wardenship  of  Bristol,  which  consisted  of  nine  convents.* 

The  sony  possessions  of  the  poor  friars  having  been  seized  by  the  king,  as  above  stated,  by 
letters  patent  dated  at  Westminster,  30th  January,  1546, f  the  house  and  site  of  the  Friars  Minors 
within  the  town  of  Bodmyn,  otherwise  called  Bodenham,  now  dissolved,  together  with  the  house 
called  "  the  gate  house,"  with  their  appurtenances,  and  all  the  possessions  of  the  said  friary  in 
Bodmyn,  were  granted,  in  consideration  of  good  and  faithful  services,  to  WiUiam  Abbot  esquire, 
the  king's  sers'ant,  by  whom,  in  the  following  year,  the  premises  were  conveyed  to  William 
Vyvy-an  and  others. 

In  1566  William  V^^^yan,  described  as  of  Trehunsey  in  Quethiock,  and  Jolm  Hewet  of 
Bodmin,  sold  the  premises  to  the  mayor  aud  burgesses  of  Bodmin,  by  wliich  corporate  body  they 
are  still  possessed. 

The  buildings  seem  to  have  been  of  considerable  magnitude  and  dignity.  In  a  view  of  the 
town  made  in  the  time  of  Hemy  VIII.J  a  church  is  shown  apparently  at  this  spot,  and  it  is 
represented  with  a  massive  square  tower.  This  may  have  been  no  more  than  a  fancy  sketch ; 
nevertheless  the  remains,  which  have  continued  to  our  own  time,  have  been  somewhat  extensive. 

The  Great  Hall,  in  which  the  assizes  were  until  recently  held,  is  said  to  have  been  the  Refectory 
of  the  Friaiy.  Tliis  seems  to  us  to  be  very  doubtful  for  several  reasons.  It  was  150  feet  in 
length  and  60  feet  in  height,  and  was  adorned  with  a  magnificent  east  window  of  Second  Pointed 
work.  The  Franciscan  friars,  living  under  strict  vows  of  poverty,  and  begging  their  bread  from 
door  to  door,  were  not  likely  to  exercise  hospitality  on  the  same  scale  as  wealthy  abbots  and 
priors,  and,  consequently,  would  not  require  such  a  room  as  a  refectory.  It  is  much  more  likely 
that  it  was  the  Friary  chiu'ch,  of  which  no  other  trace  remained  within  the  memory  of  man. 

This  building  was  rutlilessly  destroyed  to  make  way  for  the  new  assize  courts,  the  walls 
being  thrown  down  without  even  removing  the  tracery  of  the  windows.  A  skeleton  was  discovered 
inclosed  in  a  tomb  in  the  masonry  of  the  wall,  and  many  vaults  and  graves  under  the  floor.  In 
the  open  space  on  the  north,  known  as  Mount  Folly,  human  remains  and  stone  coffin-lids  have 
been  frequently  found,  together  with  a  quantity  of  oyster-shells. 

Tlio  western  end  of  tho  building  stiU  exists,  being  used  as  a  corn-market  and  for  other 
pm-poses.  A  buttress  is  now  standing  with  a  portion  of  the  old  walls  containing  pai't  of  a  spiral 
staircase. 

•  1.  Bristol ;  2.  Gloucester  :  3.  Bridgwater  (St.  Francis)  ;  4.  Hereford  (St.  Gutlilake's)  ;  G.  Exeter  (St.  John  the 
Baptist)  ;  G.  Cannarthen  ;  7.  Dorset  (St.  Francis)  j  8.  Cardiff  (St.  Francis)  ;  i).  Bodmin.     (Monumenta  Franc.) 

t  Pat.  Rolls,  37  Hen.  VIII.  Part  15,  m.  29. 

I  This  view  occurs  in  a  chart  of  the  south  coast  of  Coniwall,  preserved  in  the  British  Museum.  Bodmin  churcli,witli 
its  spire,  aud  Berrj-  chapel,  with  its  tower,  arc  also  delineated. 


92  PARISH  OF  BODillN. 

An  ancient  octagonal  pillar  of  masonry,  with  base  and  capital  of  plain  mouldings,  was  brought 
from  the  ruins  of  the  friary  and  erected  in  the  churchyard  by  the  late  vicar,  the  Rev.  John 
Wallis,  who  caused  this  inscription  to  be  cut  on  it :  "  From  the  Friary  Church,  consecr'ated  a.d. 
1352."*     Other  pillars  are  found  in  various  parts  of  the  town. 

Tlie  ancient  Gate  House,  which  is  specially  mentioned  in  the  gi'ant  from  the  Crown,  and 
which  was  at  one  time  used  as  a  house  of  correction,  has  been  converted  into  a  dwelling-house, 
and  is  now  occupied  by  Mr.  W.  Treverton,  boot  and  shoe  maker.  The  front  in  Fore  Street  has 
been  stuccoed  over,  and  modern  windows  have  been  inserted,  but  beneath  the  outer  covering  of 
plaster  have  been  seen  lately  a  large  gothic  ai'chway  springing  from  clustered  pillars  at  the  sides, 
with  a  small  window  or  niche  above,  the  latter  built  up.  The  form  of  the  old  gable  is  also  sho-v\-n 
by  the  position  of  the  stones.  Tlie  ancient  carved  woodwork  of  the  roof,  a  large  stone  arch  within 
the  house,  and  several  sculptured  stones  were  taken  down,  altered,  or  altogether  demolished,  as 
well  as  some  fragments  of  stained  glass  in  one  of  the  old  windows.  Tliese  alterations  were  effected 
by  Mr.  Thomas  Thomas  in  modernizing  the  premises  in  1854  and  1855,  he  then  holding  the 
house  on  a  lease  for  lives. 

The  Refectory,  or  Church,  was  formerly  used  as  the  corn-market,  and  therein  was  kept  a  large 
stone  bowl  of  the  capacity  of  one  Winchester  bushel,  which  is  now  removed  to  the  new  mai'ket- 
house.  It  is  mentioned  by  Hals  as  a  stone  font  appertaining  to  the  Friary  church  for  the 
baptism  of  infants,  which  Hals  supposed  had  been  converted  into  a  corn-measure.  This  idea  is, 
however,  clearly  erroneous.  It  is  presumed  that  the  friars  would  not  have  been  permitted  to 
administer  the  sacrament  of  baptism  in  derogation  of  the  rights  of  tlie  parish  church  ;  but,  however 
this  may  have  been,  the  vessel  in  question  was  indubitably  a  measure.  It  is  externally  octagonal 
in  form  with  a  circular  bowl,  having  perpendicular  sides  and  a  flat  bottom.  A  graduated  iron 
rod  is  set  up  in  the  centre,  upon  which  revolves,  horizontally,  another  rod  or  bar  which  acts  as  a 
strike,  and  being  raised  or  depressed  according  to  the  index  on  the  perpendicular  rod,  which 
corresponds  with  a  similar  index  on  the  sides  of  the  vessel,  describes  a  bushel,  or  any  given 
pi'oportion  of  a  bushel.  On  one  side  of  the  vessel,  near  the  bottom,  is  an  opening  covered  within 
by  a  sUding  trap,  and  having  externally  a  lip  and  an  iron  hook  on  each  side  whereon  may  be 
hung  a  sack,  into  wliich,  by  withdrawing  the  slide,  the  corn  would  easily  run.  On  the  faces  of 
the  vessel  are  the  followmg  inscriptions : — 

However  ye  sell 

B.F1563. 
Your  measure  fyll 
R  F  1826. 

There  was  also  brought  from  the  same  place,  on  the  erection  of  the  new  market-house,  an  § 

ancient  bell  of  a  very  singular  form  (see  Plate  VIII.  fig.  1 ).  It  measures  1  foot  4  inches  in 
diameter  at  the  mouth,  and  is  1  foot  along  the  side.  It  is  rung  at  the  opening  and  close  of  the 
market  on  market  days.     In  outline  it  resembles  an  engrailed  heraldic  ordinary,  and  has  every 

•  We  hare  endeavoured  to  verify  the  date  of  the  consecration,  but  no  record  of  the  event  is  fonnd  in  Bishop  Grandi- 
son's  Register  of  this  period. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY — HOSPITAL  OF  ST.  LAURENCE.  93 

appearance  of  antiquity.  It  is  Ladly  cast,  and  looks  as  if  bubbles  in  the  metal  had  crumbled  and 
broken  through.  The  bell  is  now  hung  by  means  of  iron  rods  passing  tlu-ough  the  upper  part, 
the  crown  having,  at  some  time,  been  broken  off. 

At  the  Hotel  de  Ville  at  Arras  there  is  a  bell  of  a  similar  type,  though  of  larger  size  and 
differing  fi-oni  the  Bodmin  bell  in  detail,  the  convolutions  being  invected  instead  of  engrailed  (see 
Plate  VIII.  fig.  2). 

An  engraving  of  tliis  bell  is  given  by  M.  BiUon,*  which  was  kindly  brought  to  our  notice  by 
that  eminent  campanologist  the  Rev.  H.  T.  Ellacombe,  Rector  of  Clyst  St.  George,  Devon,  to 
whom  we  are  indebted  for  the  illustration.  The  author  says  of  this  bell : — "  M.  Givelet  a  donne 
I'inscription  du  timbre  des  heures,  qui  est  sur  le  point  culminant  de  la  tour:  l'an  :  MCCCC  :  E. 
xxxiiij.  JE.  FUIS.  FAis."  The  measurement  of  this  bell  is  not  given,  probably  from  its  inaccessible 
position,  being  at  the  very  top  of  the  tower.  The  Bodmin  bell  is,  we  imagine,  of  about  the  same 
date  as  that  at  Ai-ras,  but  why  such  a  peculiar  form  was  adopted  we  are  at  a  loss  to  know,  unless 
the  object  was  to  secure  strength  with  economy  of  metal. 

Whether  the  Bodmin  bell  was  originally  intended  for  ecclesiastical  or  secular  use  seems 
uncertain.  If  it  was  anciently  the  "  Market  Bell,"  it  was  probably  taken  to  the  Friary  when  the 
market  was  established  there,  as  it  was  removed  to  its  present  position  when  the  new  market- 
liouse  was  completed. 

THE  HOSPITAL  OF  ST.  LAURENCE  AND  MANOR  DE  PONTABOYE. 

We  have  already  alluded  to  the  awful  disease  of  leprosy  as  the  direst  scourge  with  which 
mankind  was  afflicted  during  the  mediajval  period.  It  is  difficult,  however,  in  our  days  to  realize 
the  terrible  character  of  this  loathsome  disease,  the  extent  to  which  it  prevailed,  or  its  social 
consequences.  It  has  been  generally  affirmed  that  lejjrosy  was  im])orted  into  Europe  from  the 
East  during  the  Crusades ;  but  there  is  strong  reason  to  doubt  this  hypothesis,  for  the  name  is 
found  in  the  Anglo-Saxon  Vocabulary  attributed  to  ^Ifric.f  About  the  date  of  the  Crusades, 
however,  it  became  ver}-  prevalent,  and,  fostered  by  the  social  and  sanitary  condition  of  the 
country,  it  defied  all  the  medical  skill  of  the  age.  It  was  sudden,  infectious  in  the  highest  degree, 
sparing  neither  condition, J  sex,  nor  age,  and  once  a  leper  always  a  leper.  A  person  once 
j^ronounced  diseased  was  socially  dead.  He  must  leave  his  occujmtion,  home,  and  friends,  was 
deprived  of  all  social  rights,§  and  disqualified  fi'om  approaching  the  dwellings  of  men.  He  could 
not  inherit  property, ||  nor  dispose  of  that  he  had  acquired,  and  was  ipso  facto  excommunicate. 
Some  special  provision,  therefore,  became  absolutely  necessary  for  persons  so  afflicted,  and  Lazar 
Hospitals  were  founded  in  all  parts  of  the  kingdom.      Solicitude  for,   and  attention   to,   this 

*  "  Campanologie  ;  Etude  sur  les  Cloches  et  les  Sonneries  Fraixjaises  et  Etrangi'ies."    Caen,  18GG. 

t  Vide  "  Promptorium  Parvulonini,"  sub  Lcpyr,  Camden  Soc.  1805. 

X  There  are  found  ujjon  tlie  Patent  Holls  grants  of  small  pensions  to  the  King's  own  valets,  who  were  suddenly  struck 
down  by  leprosy  within  the  walls  of  the  palace  and  within  the  very  sight  of  the  sovereign. — Monumenta  Franeiscana. 

§  If  a  married  nnm  entered  the  hospital  it  was  cnjoincil  he  should  si'parate  fi-om  his  wife,  and  make  a  solemn  vow  of 
chastity. 

II  According  to  the  ancient  law  of  England  leprosy  was  an  impediment  to  descent.  A  grant  made  by  a  person  after 
he  fell  sick  of  the  le[)rosy  was  void. — Ilarily's  Preface  to  the  Close  Rolls. 

2  B 


94  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 

miserable  and  unhappy  class  of  sufferei's  were,  as  we  have  already  noticed,  made  special  acts  of 
devotion  by  the  rule  of  the  order  of  Grey  Friars,  and  it  seems  very  probable  that  they  were 
instrumental  in  the  foundation  of  the  Hospital  of  St.  Laurence,  which  is  situated  as  near  to  their 
Friary  of  Bodmin  as  prudence  would  permit. 

We  have  no  record  of  the  first  establishment  of  this  hospital.  It  was  one  of  those  piu-ely 
ecclesiastical  institutions  which  needed  no  royal  charter  for  its  foundation.  We  find  it  existing 
in  the  thirteenth  century.  At  least,  in  1302  the  Prior  of  Bodmin  and  Laurence  de  Treuegyon, 
"  bailiff  of  the  Leppers  of  Bodmin,"  were  presented  at  the  assize  at  Launceston  for  having  levied 
new  customs  for  the  cleansing  of  the  town  by  taking  toU  as  well  of  the  buyers  as  of  the  sellers, 
which  they  ought  not  to  do.     They  could  not  deny  the  fact,  and  remained  in  mercy.* 

On  27th  August,  1382,  Bishop  Brentingham  consecrated  the  chapel ;  and  on  the  lltli  Oct.  1395 
Bishop  Stafford  granted  an  indidgence,  "  ad  sustentaeionem  pauperum  leprosorum  Sancti  Lau- 
rencii  juxta  Bodminiam."  A  similar  indidgence  was  granted  by  Bishop  Lacy  on  5th  March,  1435. f 

Li  1476  we  find  John  Cole  mentioned  as  prior  of  the  Priory  of  St.  Laurence  juxta  Ponteboy ;  J 
and  the  next  evidence  which  we^have  is  the  matrix  of  the  seal,  §  which  would  appear  to  have  been 
executed  about  the  end  of  the  fifteenth  centuiy. 

Li  the  second  year  of  King  Edward  VI.  tlie  commissioners  appointed  to  sun^ey  the  colleges, 
hospitals,  chantries,   and  free   chapels,  dissolved  37  Hen.  VIII.  certified,  with  respect  to    this 

hospital,  that  it  was  "  founded  by to  ffinde  six  lazare  pore  peple,  two  hole  men,  two 

hole  women,  and  one  pryste  to  mynistre  vnto  them  in  a  chappell  adioyning  to  the  sayd  hospitall, 
not  far  distant  from  the  paryshe  churche,  who  haue  to  the  mayntenaunce  of  theire  lyviug  certaj-ne 
landes  gyven  to  that  intent  and  purpose  ;"  further,  that  "  the  yerely  value  of  all  the  landes  and 
possessions  belonging,  or  ai^pertayning,  to  the  sayd  hospital  is  iiij''  xiij^  j'',"  whereof  the  whole 
had  "  byn  employed  to  the  use  of  the  said  pore  lazare  men  and  other  as  is  aforesayd,  who  haue 
no  other  landes  or  certain  profytts  towai'd  theire  sustenance  ;"  and  the  commissioners  further  cer- 
tified that  "  the  value  of  the  ornaments,  Jewells,  plate,  goodes,  and  catalls  belonging  or  apper- 
tayning  to  y*^  sayd  hospytall  "  was  xxx^ 

This  foundation  appears  to  have  escaped  the  general  spoliation  of  religious  establishments, 
though  William  of  Worcester  does  not  notice  its  existence.  Leland  alludes  to  it  in  these  words  : 
"FromBodmyn  to  S.  Laurence,  wher  a  poor  hospital  or  lazar  house  is,  about  a  mile.  One  of  the 
Peverelles  gaue  a  litle  annuitie  unto  this  house."  The  poor  inmates,  however,  doubtless  felt  the 
insecurity  of  their  tenure ;  and,  if  the  great  universities  found  it  desirable  in  the  reign  of  Queen 
Elizabeth  to  obtain  incorporation  by  Act  of  Parliament,  we  cannot  be  surprised  that  the  prior  and 
brethren  of  St.  Laurence  should  seek  the  support  of  a  royal  charter.  Accordingly  Queen  Eliza- 
beth, on  9th  March,  1582,  granted  to  them  a  charter  of  incorporation  under  the  title  of  "  the 
Master  or  Governor  (gubernatore),  Brothers,  and  Sisters  of  the  Hospital  of  Elizabeth  Queen,  and 
S'  Lam-ence  de  Ponteboy,  in  the  parish  of  Bodman."  || 

*  Assize  Roll  30  Edw.  I.  sec.  58.  t  Lacy's  Reg.  vol.  iii.  fo.  125. 

J  Court  Rolls  of  the  Stannary  of  Blackmoor.   Augmentation  Office. 

§  Now  in  the  possession  of  K.  Bray,  Esci-  town  clerk  of  Bodmin,  who  purchased  it  at  the  sale  of  the  effects  of  the 
late  John  Wallis,  Esq.  father  of  the  late  Yicar. 
II  Patent  Roll,  25  Elizab.  Part  9. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY — HOSPIT^Ui  OF  ST.  LAURENCE.  95 

The  charter  recites  that  "  there  hath  bene  of  longe  tyme  a  greate  company  of  lazar  people 
estemed  by  tlie  name  of  pryor  and  brethren  and  systers,  but  never  by  us,  or  by  any  of  our 
progenitors,  incorporate ;  and  whereas  dyverse  persons  of  their  charitable  disposition  have  gyven 
unto  the  saied  leprous  people  dyverse  landes  and  tenements  by  that  name  of  incorporation,  which 
they  of  longe  tyme,  by  cuUour  thereof,  enjoyed,  and  at  this  present  thereby  maintain  the  nomber 
of  six  and  thirty  leprouse  peojile,"  &c. ;  and  proceeds  to  grant  unto  the  said  lazar  peoijle  that 
"  they  shalbe  incorporate  and  made  a  body  corporate  for  ever,  to  be  called  by  the  name  of  the 
Hospitall  or  Almeshouse  of  Elizabeth  Queen  of  England,  of  St.  Laurence  de  Ponteboy,  in  the 
parishe  of  Bodman,  and  shall  consist  of  a  maister  or  govenor  and  nyne  and  thyrtye  poore  men 
and  women  being  leprous  people  ;"  and  grants  unto  them  all  their  lands,  which  are  specifically 
set  out  in  the  charter,  to  be  held  of  the  crown  in  free  soccage,  and  not  in  capite,  by  fealty  only. 
It  appoints  one  Lewis  Shessell  the  first  master  or  governor,  and  gives  power  to  the  brethren  and 
sisters  to  elect  to  any  vacancy  which  might  occur  in  consequence  of  any  who  may  die  or  depart 
from  the  said  hospital,  so  that  the  full  number  of  forty,  and  no  more,  may  be  continued.* 

King  James  I.,  immediately  after  his  accession,  conferred  further  privileges  upon  this 
institution.  He  granted  it  a  market  to  be  holden  on  Wednesday  in  each  week,  and  an  annual 
fair,  with  a  Court  of  Pie-powder,t  on  St.  Luke's  day,  in  addition  to  the  fair  for  three  days,  on  the 
eve,  day,  and  morrow  of  St.  Laurence,  to  be  held  in  the  fair-field  or  fair-close  adjoining  tlie 
hospital,  with  aU  courts  o{  pie  poiiJre',  &c.,  arising  from  the  same,  as  confirmed  by  the  charter 
of  Queen  Elizabeth,  to  which  reference  is  above  made. 

In  consequence  of  the  beneficial  results  of  better  food,  better  clothing,  and  the  many 
advantages  attendant  upon  a  higher  degree  of  civilization,  the  awful  disease  of  leprosy,  tlu-ough 
God's  mercy,  gradually  disappeared,  and  institutions  founded  for  the  special  relief  and  protection 
of  persons  afilicted  therewith  ceased  to  be  required  for  that  purpose.  Hence  suitable  subjects 
of  tlie  charity  no  longer  in  sufficient  numbers  applied  for  admission  to  the  hospital,  and  great 
abuses  soon  crept  into  the  institution. 

It  appears  from  proceedings  in  Chancery  in  the  year  1714  that  tlie  two  fairs  had,  fourteen 
years  before,  been  granted  to  farm,  for  tliat  period,  by  one  William  Robins,  then  governor  of  the 
hospital,  to  one  Henry  Dagge,  then  deceased,  at  the  rent  of  28/.  per  annum,  and  that  on  the 
expiration  of  the  said  term  Henry  Dagge,  son  of  John  Dagge,  son  of  the  first-named  Henry 
Dagge,  refused  to  relinquish  possession,  which  he  retained  by  force  and  violence,  taking  the  toUs 
of  the  fairs.  At  this  time  leprous  people  were  inmates  of  the  hospital,  and  for  some  years 
afterwards  we  find  the  burial  of  persons  recorded  in  the  parochial  registers  described  as 
"  Lazars."  In  the  cause  referred  to  a  decree  was  granted  on  the  18tli  November,  5  George  I., 
confirming  the  right  of  the  hospital  to  the  said  fairs,  f 

By  the  end  of  the  eighteenth  century  however,  and  some  time  before,  the  institution,  for 
want  of  a  sufficient  number  of  lazar  people  to  constitute  a  governor  and  thirty-nine  brethren 

*  This  charter  is  printed  at  length  in  the  Arch;i;ologieal  Journal,  vol.  xxiv.  !>.  171. 

t  The  pie-powder  conrt  was  a  court  held  at  fairs,  wherein  justice  was  doue  to  any  injured  person  before  the  dust  of 
the  fair  wax  off  htufcef,  the  name  being  derived  from  the  V^mh. pie  junidre.  Its  jurisdiction  extended  to  enforcing  liy 
sununary  process  of  fine  and  imprisonment  the  regulations  of  the  fair  and  the  payment  of  t!ic  stallage,  tolls,  and  customs. 

X  Decrees  in  Chancery,  book  7,  fo.  118. 


96  PAKISH  OF  BODMIX. 

and  sisters,  had  fallen  into  decay,  and  the  revenues  had  been  diverted  from  their  proper  purpose. 
Lord  De  Uimstanville  and  Sir  Chi-istopher  Hawkins,  on  the  part  of  the  justices  of  Cornwall,  filed 
a  bill  in  Chancery,  in  wliich  Thomas  Hicks,  Edward  Howell,  and  Elizabeth  his  wife  were 
defendants,  praying  that  the  said  Edward  Howell  might  be  called  upon  to  set  forth  his  title  to  the 
hospital  estates  in  right  of  his  wife,  or  howsoever  he  supported  the  same,  and  that  the  revenues 
of  the  hospital  for  the  time  to  come  might  be  applied  to  some  charitable  purpose,  as  might  by  the 
court  be  deemed  consistent  with  the  intention  of  the  donor,  or  as  nearly  so  as  circumstances 
would  allow. 

Tlie  information  and  bill  were  in  1803  referred  to  a  Master  to  inquire  whether  there  were  any 
persons  then  living  who  were  members  of  the  said  corporation,  and  whether  there  were  any 
other  persons  who  were  entitled,  or  claimed,  to  become  members  thereof.  The  Master  reported,  on 
28th  Jmie,  1805,  that  there  were  not,  and  had  not  been  for  a  long  time  past,  a  sufficient,  or  nearly 
sufficient,  number  of  leprous  people  to  constitute  a  master  and  39  bretlu-en  and  sisters  of  the  said 
hospital ;  and  that  very  few  persons  had  been  able  to  make  claim  to  entitle  them  to  the  benefit 
of  the  above  charitable  institution.  That  he  had  advertised  for  claimants,  but  that  none  had 
appeared ;  and  that,  with  the  exception  of  Richard  Goss,  Elizabeth  Howell,  and  Mary  Goss, 
none  had  been  admitted  or  considered  as  bretliren  or  sisters. 

At  this  juncture  the  Prince  of  Wales  intervened,  and  claimed  the  property  as  having 
escheated  to  the  Duchy  of  Cornwall ;  but  eventually  an  arrangement  was  made,  and  a  scheme 
was  sanctioned  for  transferring  tlie  estates  of  the  hospital  to  the  "  General  County  Lifirmary 
for  the  Relief  of  Sick  and  Poor  Persons  within  the  County."  Sir.  Edwai'd  Coode  of  St.  Austell 
was  appointed  receiver  of  the  rents  of  the  estates.  The  infii-mary  still  enjoys  the  property,  but  is 
bound  to  receive  any  leprous  persons,  should  any  hereafter  present  themselves  as  claimants  for  the 
benefits  of  the  charit}'. 

It  appears  from  various  leases  of  the  hospital  lands,  granted  by  the  governor,  or  master, 
brethren,  and  sisters,  that  the  possessions  of  the  liospital  were  i-eputed  a  manor  under  the  desig- 
nation of  "  The  Hospital,  or  Aims-House,  of  St.  Laurence,  or  Manor  of  De  Pontaboyes,"  *  the 
tenements  forming  which  contain  fifty-one  acres  of  land,  the  whole  being,  by  prescription,  exempt 
from  the  payment  of  great  tithes,  but  subject  to  the  payment  of  all  manner  of  small  tithes. 

The  village,  which  now  consists  of  upwards  of  twenty  small  houses,  is  divided  by  a  stream 
which  separates  the  parishes  of  Bodmin  and  Lanivet.  One  only  of  these  houses  bears  any 
evidence  of  antiquity.  This  is  reputed  to  have  been  the  governor's  residence.  It  has  two  round- 
headed  doorways  of  oak,  of  ancient  workmanship,  and  within  the  window-frame  of  one  of  the 
windows  are  two  pieces  of  cusped  carving  in  oak,  which  woidd  seem  to  have  been  portions  of  a 
screen.  There  are  many  fragments  of  ancient  stones  in  the  viUage,  and  a  slab  is  preserved,  bearing 
the  following  inscription  : — 

RicHARDE  C.4RTER  of  sajnt  Columbe  Marchante  by  his  laste  Wylle  &  Testamente  in  an'o  D'ni  1582 
did  geue  ten  pownde  for  the  assurance  of  tweutie  shyllynges  yerelye  to  be  payed  vnto  vs  the  peer  Lepers  of 

*  It  appears  from  the  acconnts  of  the  hospital  rendered  into  the  Conrt  of  Chancery  by  the  last  Governor,  that  the 
manor  of  De  I'ontaboyes  paid  a  high  rent  of  1/.  Is.  Sd.  to  the  manors  of  Glevin  and  Cenzee.  The  name  is  variously 
written  as  De  Pontaboyes,  De  Pontaboy,  De  Pont  Boye,  De  Pontaboys,  and  on  the  ancient  seal  de  Pontpoy. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY — HOSPITAL  OP  ST.  LAURENCE. 


97 


the  Hospytall  &  to  ourc  successors  for  euer  which  ten  powiide  by  the  consent  of  hys  executor  wc  haue 
employed  towardcs  the  niakyng  of  thys  howse  in  an'o  1586  whose  Charitable  &  rare  example  in  oure  tyme 
God  graunte  mani  to  followe  hereafter. 

This  was  affixed  to  tlie  front  of  a  house  (now  removed)  which,  according  to  tradition,  was 
next  to  the  market-house,  which  also  has  disappeared. 

The  chapel  was  in  ruins  in  1814,  and  was  used  as  a  stable:  two  windows  on  the  south  side 
and  three  arches  which  divided  the  chapel,  only,  remained  then  standing.*  These  now  no  longer 
exist,  with  the  exception  of  a  small  portion  of  the  moulded  side  of  a  doorway,  or  an  arch,  of  third 
pointed  work,  situated  at  the  back  of  a  cowhouse  behind  the  cottage  called  the  Governor's  resi- 
dence. Divine  service  was  celebrated  in  the  chapel  by  the  Rev.  J.  Lake,  rector  of  the  adjoining 
parish  of  Lanivet,  as  late  as  about  the  year  1785,  and  the  governor  for  some  years  afterwards 
continued  to  read  prayers  therein. f  Wo  find  by  a  deed  dated  3rd  August,  1785, J  that,  upon  the 
payment  of  the  sum  of  £21  to  Richard  Goss,  governor,  &c.,  an  annuity  of  £5  per  annum,  "  out  of 
the  products  of  the  Manor  of  Depontaboj^s,"  was  granted  to  Susanna  Sibley  for  life,  who,  in 
consideration  thereof,  agreed  "  to  attend  at  the  Chap])el  Sundays  and  Holidays  to  read  Prayers 
with  the  said  Richard  Goss,"  and  her  descendants  speak  of  her  as  having  acted  as  the  clerk  to 
the  governor  at  divine  service.  Much  of  the  window  tracery  and  other  stones  of  the  destroyed 
buildings  were  removed  to  Bodmin.     A  few  fragments,  only,  now  remain  at  St.  Lavu'ence. 

The  following  list  of  priors,  and  governors  or  masters,  though  imperfect,  is  not  destitute  of 
interest : — 

John  Cole  was  prior  of  St.  Laurence  in  .         .         .         .1470 

William  Curtys  „  ...   bur.       1580§ 

Lewis  Kessell  appointed  first  governor  under  the  charter  of  17 

March,  25  Elizab 1582-3 

William,  Master  of  St.  Laurence      .....  bur.       1600§ 

Richard  Hender  was  governor  in      .  .  .  .  .  .        1646 

A  governor  (name  not  stated)  was  buried  in     .  .         .  .        1652§ 

Do.      do.      do.         ....   1653§ 

Do.      do.      do.         ....   16G6§ 

Do.      do.      do.         .    .    .    .   ]6G7§ 

John  Stephens,  a  sick  man,  governor  of  St.  Laurence's  Hospital, 

was  buried  .........       1685§ 

William  Robyns,  governor      .......       1700 

Henry  Goss  ,,  ......... 

1767f 

1774 

1778 

1783-1800 

.    appointed  May  1,  1800 


....  Jeffery  „ 

William  Francis  ,, 
William  Chapman  ,, 
Richard  Goss  „ 

Thomas  Hicks,  last  govenior 


Seal  of  the  noapital  of  St.  Laurence. 
In  the  possession  of  Richard  Bray,  Esq., 
Town  Clerlt,  Bodmin. || 


*  In  t}ie  accounts  rendered  into  the  Court  of  Chancery  by  the  last  Governor  we  find  iu  the  year  1800  a  charge  of 
3/.  7s.  Od.  for  repairing  the  walls  of  the  chapel. 

t  Add.  MSS,  8420.  J  Copy  in  possession  of  the  autlior.  §  Par.  Iteg. 

II  Wo  arc  indebted  for  the  use  of  this  block  to  the  "  Cambrian  Arcliaiological  Association."        ^  Mr.  Browne's  Diary. 

2  c 


98  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 


THE  GUILDS. 

Much  religious  life  was  manifested  in  Bodmin  about  the  middle  and  towards  the  close  of  the 
fifteenth  century.  It  is  probable  that  this  may  have  been  to  some  extent  due  to  the  presence  of  the 
Grey  Friars,  for,  notwithstanding  that  they  had  degenerated  and  relaxed  the  stringency  of  the  rule 
of  their  order,  they,  nevertheless,  continued  still  "  the  poor  friars,"  were  zealous  and  able  preachers, 
and,  by  theu-  self-sacrifice  and  activity,  exercised  considerable  influence  with  the  people  among 
whom  they  resided.  To  this  influence,  we  tliink,  may  be  owing  the  organization  of  the  large 
number  of  church  guilds  which,  on  the  occasion  of  the  rebuilding  of  the  parish  church,  took  such 
an  active  interest  in  the  work,  and  contributed  so  much  to  its  success,  affording  evidence  of  the 
practical  advantage  which,  in  our  own  day,  would  be  derived  fi-om  institutions  of  a  like  natui-e  in 
carrying  out  works  of  a  similar  kind. 

These  guilds  and  fraternities  were  very  numerous.  We  will  first  mention  the  "  riding 
guilds."  They  were  the  guilds  of  SS.  Eloy,*  Petrock,  John,  Anyan,  and  Martjm.  These  appear 
to  have  had  no  special  location.  Of  the  others,  some  appear  to  have  been  established  in  the 
parish  church,  where,  it  is  probable,  they  had  their  special  chapels  or  altars.  Of  these  were  the 
guilds  of  SS.  Mary  in  the  chancel.  Corpus  Christi  and  John  Baptist  in  the  church,  and  St. 
Thomas  the  Martyr  in  the  cemetery.t  At  the  Bery  we  find  the  Holy  Rood,  St.  Christopher,  and 
the  New  Guild.  At  the  Bore  we  have  SS.  Margaret,  Anne,  David,  Mathew  the  Apostle,  and 
AU  Saints;  and  the  Virgin  in  Bore  Street.  At  St.  Nicholas,!  SS.  Nicholas  the  Bishop,  and  Anne. 
At  St.  George  the  Martyr,§  SS.  George  and  Mary.     At   St.  Leonard, ||  Leonard  the  Bishop  and 

St.  Eloy  was  a  native  of  Scotland,  and  became  Bishop  of  Voion  in  France.  He  was  conunemorated  on  the  lit 
December. 

t  We  have  treated  of  this  chapel  under  the  head  of  "  Chantries."  It  seems  doubtful  whether  it  was  a  chantry  chapel 
or  not — a  guild  was,  however,  established  in  connection  with  it. 

t  This  chapel  was  situated  at  the  head  of  St.  Nicholas',  otherwise  Lostwithiel  Street,  and  the  fair  granted  by  the 
charter  of  5th  Eliz.  (1562-3)  was  formerly  held  in  the  chapel-yard:  but  it  has,  for  many  years  past,  been  removed  into  the 
street.  We  have  failed  to  identify  the  site,  but  in  1814  the  field  was  the  property  of  Sir.  Roger  Dawe,  of  Bodmin  (Addl. 
MSS.  9420).     Borlase  mentions  that  the  ruins  of  this  chapel  existed  when  he  wrote. 

§  This  chapel  was  probably  situate  near  the  east  end  of  the  present  assize  hall.  Licence  for  the  celebration  of  divine 
service  therein,  saving  the  honour  of  the  parish  church,  was  granted  by  Bishop  Stafford  on  23rd  May  140.")  (Stafford's  Reg. 
to.  75);  which  licence,  with  a  similar  reservation,  was  renewed  by  Bishop  Lacy  on  the  last  day  of  September  1432  (Lacy's 
Reg.  fo.  96). 

II  This  chapel  was  situate  at  the  west  end  of  the  town,  on  the  south  side  of  the  street.  No  remains  of  it  now  exist. 
Borlase  mentions  the  ruins  as  remaining  in  his  time,  and  Lysons  adds  that  they  were  visible  within  the  memorv-  of  persons 
living  at  the  time  he  wrote  (1812).  It  has  been  the  custom  until  lately  for  a  funeral  procession  to  salute  the  site  in  passing 
by  lowering  the  head  of  the  cofSn  to  touch  the  ground.  Coffins  in  this  neighbourhood,  unless  a  hearse  is  used,  are  always 
can-icd  by  hand,  and  never  on  men's  shoulders.  Several  graves  containing  skcletone  have  been  discovered,  also  a  stone 
coffin,  nails,  screws,  &c.  a  brass  pinnacle,  and  several  coins.  Some  of  the  latter  were  worn  quite  smooth  ;  but  one,  a  shilling 
of  Queen  Elizabeth  (1582),  is  in  good  preservation. 

By  Indenture  dated  13  July  1796,  between  Beuuet  Michell  of  the  borough  of  Bodmin,  brazier,  of  the  one  part,  and  John 
Richards  of  the  said  borongh,  yeoman,  of  the  other  part,  after  reciting  a  lease  dated  6  Jan.  1748,  granted  by  certain  persons 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY — THE  GUILDS.  99 

Holy  Trinity.  In  Fore  Street  wore  St.  Da\id,  and  the  Viryin.  In  Pool  Street  All  Saints.  In 
addition  to  the  foregoing  the  following  are  found  on  record  without  their  localities  being  given  : 
viz.  SS.  Erasmus  the  Bishop,  Martyn,  James  the  Apostle,  Mary  Magdalene,  Mary  of 
Walsingham,  Clar,  Lcodgar,  Gregory  the  Pope,  Kathcrine  the  Virgin,  Luke  the  Evangelist, 
Stephen,  and  James.  Of  Trades  Guilds  we  find  the  following :  SS.  Peti-ock  (skinners  and 
glovers),  Dunstan  and  Eloy  (smiths),  Aniana  the  Bishop  (cordwainers — cordenerys  ?),  and  St. 
Mai'tyn  the  Bishop  (milwardys  ?). 

We  shoidd  also  mention  the  chapel  of  St.  Anne  in  the  Wood  *  and  the  hospital  and  chapel 
of  St.  Anthony  in  Chapel  Lane.  We  have  no  evidence  that  the  latter  was  the  seat  of  a  guild,  but 
the  chapel  was  remembered  standing  by  persons  living  in  the  beginning  of  the  present  century. 
Tlie  site  belonged  to  the  maj-or  and  burgesses,  who  sold  it  under  the  Land  Tax  Redemption  Act 
to  a  Mr.  Bniy.f  The  old  buildings  have  been  removed,  and  a  villa  built  on  the  spot,  which  is 
now  the  property  and  residence  of  Capt.  Alms. 

The  most  conspicuous  among  these  guilds  would  appear  to  have  been  that  of  the  Holy  Rood 
at  the  Bery.  This  guild  had  a  chapel  witli  a  burial-ground  annexed,  and  in  the  17th  Henry  VIL 
the  bretlu'en  and  sisters  of  the  guild  commenced  the  erection  of  a  tower,  which  still  remains, 
though  in  ruin,  and,  from  its  elevated  situation,  forms  one  of  the  most  prominent  objects  in  the 
town.  Tlie  accounts  of  the  receijits  and  expenditure  for  the  erection  of  this  tower  are  preserved 
among  the  municipal  records,  and,  like  those  for  rebuilding  the  church  alreadj-  alluded  to,  are  of 
considerable  interest.  They  extend  from  the  12tli  Sept.  17tli  Henry  VII.  to  the  fith  of  Henry 
VIII.  and  are  written  on  vellum  in  the  manner  of  a  roll,  the  receipts  being  recorded  on  one 
side  and  the  payments  on  the  other.  The  work  seems  to  have  been  interrupted  during  the  years 
19th  and  20th  and  20th  and  21st  Henry  VIL  In  those  jenvs  no  money  appears  to  have  been 
received  nor  work  done,  and  the  accounts  for  the  following  year  are  imperfect. 

The  means  adopted  for  raising  the  necessary  funds  were  nearly  the  same  as  were  used  for 
rebuilding  the  church,  already  described.  The  other  religious  guilds  of  the  town  contributed 
annuall}'  through  their  respective  wardens,  whilst  money  and  articles  of  more  or  less  value  were 

(the  12  men  of  Lanivet)  to  Nicholas  Climo  of  Bodmin,  cordwainer,  for  a  term  of  99  years,  of  three  closes  of  land,  formerlv 
one  close  only,  situate  on  the  west  part  of  a  liovsc  licretofnrc  called  St.  Leonard's  chapel,  formerly  in  the  occupation  of 
Nidiolas  Menheniot,  and  then  in  the  tenure  of  Thomas  Dungay,  as  under-tenant  of  the  said  Bennct  Michell,  at  the  rent 
of  4/.  l.Os.  per  annum,  luul  rei-itiug  also  another  lease,  dated  5  March  1787,  whereby  Josepli  Edyvean,  gent,  mayor,  and 
the  burgesses  of  Bodmin  granted  to  the  said  Bennet  Michell  all  that  one  close  of  laud  (then  divided  into  two  closes) 
ivherc  formerly  stood  St.  Leonard's  chapel,  for  atemi  of  99  years,  if  the  said  Bennet  Michell,  Ann  Cole  Michell  liis  wife, 
and  Rose  Michell  their  daughter  so  long  should  live,  the  said  Bennet  assigns  the  said  leases  to  the  said  John  Richards 
dming  the  remainder  of  the  terms  which  the  said  Bennet  had  therein.  (Assignment  in  possession  of  the  author.)  The 
above  lease  having  expired,  tlie  corporation  have  let  the  site  for  building,  and  a  row  of  houses  ha.s  been  erected  thereon 
called  St.  Leonard's  Terrace. 

In  30th  Edw.  I.  (l.'iOl)  Robert  de  Trewalla,  of  Cornwall,  took  sanctuary  in  the  church  of  St.  Leonard  of  Bodmin,  and 
there  confessed  himself  to  be  a  robber,  and  abjured  the  kingdom  in  the  presence  of  the  coroner.    Ass.  Roll  30th  Edw.  I. 

•  At  Dunmere  there  is  a  tenement  called  "  St.  Ann's  Chapel  Hcys,"  containing  22a.  Or.  39p. 

t  Add.  MSS.  9420. 


100  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 

given  by  individuals,  most  of  the  inhabitants,  apparently,  taking  a  lively  interest  in  the  work,  each 

giving  according  to  his  or  her  means.     Some  of  the  gifts  are  cm'ious,  e.ff.: — 

s.   d. 
Spoon  of  sylver  of  the  yefte  of  Elizabeth  Hancok,  and  soldo  on  to  Harr. 

Sleman       ............     3  11 

Itm.  rec.   by   the  handes  of  Ste'syn   March  for  a   crokke  of  the  yefte   of 

Alsyn  Androwe,  weyng  41'",  ps  the  ti  2''      .         .  .         .  .     6   10 

It.  rec.  a  gurdell  harneste  w'  sylver  of  the  yefte  of  John  Pauly  of  Seynte  Laurens. 

It.  rec.  by  the  hands  of  John  Estcote  for  a  cow  is  .skynne. 

It.  rec.  by  the  hands  of  John  Whyte  for  a  pece  of  tjni  of  3  qrtrs.  of  a  ti. 

It.  rec.  for  2  stray  yowes  goyng  aboute  the  Berj',  and  noman  awned  them, 

and  proclaymed  and  sold  for       .  .  .         .         .  .  .0  11 

It.  rec.  for  6ii  of  brasse  soldo,  the  wich  Margery  Phylype  gadered,  and 
other,  to  the  use  of  the  workys  of  and  in  the  Bery. 
Another  source  of  income  was  found  in  an  "  Indulgence"*  granted  to  the  Bery  by  the  Bishop 
of  Exeter  (Hugh  Oldham).  It  is  frequently  alluded  to  in  the  accounts  as  the  "  Bery  Pai'don," 
first  under  the  21st  and  22nd  Hen.  VII.  where  we  find  fees  paid  to  the  bishop's  officials  for 
its  exemplification,  &c.  and  afterwards  year  by  year  are  found  receipts  of  money  in  respect  to  it. 
It  appears  that  after  the  first  year  it  was  let  to  fai"m  to  one  Nicholas  Steere,  and  the  rent  is 
brought  to  account  with  some  regularity. 

In  the  1st  and  2nd  Hen.  VIII.  we  find  the  following  entry  : — 

Itm.  I  paide  to  Harry  Sleman  for  thendyng  of  toure  and  the  batelments  on  the  14"'  day  of 
August  in  the  secunde  yere  of  the  reigne  of  Kyng  Harry  the  S""        .         .     31'  8"' 
And  in  the  margin  occurs  this  note  : — 

The  hole  mesure  fro  the  fundacon  up  -vmto  the  heyst  of  the  batilments  hit  is  70  fote. 
Iteni  I  paide  to  Harry  Sleman  for  the  makyng  of  the  pinaclysf  the  18*  day  of  September 
A"  scdo  Henri ci  Oetavi,  and  for  stoppyng  of  the  pownde  holes    .  .  .  54' 

*  Under  the  ancient  canon  law  of  the  Church  persons  gnilty  of  certain  sins  had  to  undergo  certain  penances,  generally 
in  public.  In  time  the  Chiirch  changed  her  discipline  in  this  particular,  and  the  bishops  had  the  right  of  granting  a 
commutation  of  such  penances  to  the  truly  penitent  ("  Confessis  et  vcre  contritis  ")  upon  the  payment  of  a  sum  of  money 
for  the  accomplisliment  of  some  pious  work,  the  performance  of  some  act  of  charity,  or  even  the  saying  of  certain  prayers 
in  private.  This  lelaxation  of  the  ancient  canons  our  forefathers  called  a  "  pardon,'  aud  it  is  now  known  in  the  Roman 
Catholic  Church  as  an  "  indulgence."  In  process  of  time  great  abuses  crept  into  the  practice  of  granting  "  indulgences." 
They  were  let  to  farm,  as  was  the  case  in  the  Bery  Pardon,  and  not  dispensed  with  the  care  which  was  intended. 
Luther's  declamations  against  the  sale  of  indulgences  was  one  of  the  more  prominent  causes  which  led  to  the  Reformation 
of  the  sixteenth  centurj-.  Even  do\vn  almost  to  our  own  time,  however,  in  the  Church  of  England,  it  has  not  been  unusual 
for  persons  to  perfonu  public  penance  for  certain  sins  by  standing  clothed  in  a  white  sheet  in  the  parish  church  during 
divine  service,  and  very  often  the  penance  was  bought  off  by  the  gift  of  a  sum  of  money  to  the  poor.  This  was  a  pardon 
or  indulgence. 

t  There  is  a  tradition  that  the  pinnacles  of  Bery  Tower  were  cut  up  for  gutter  stones  when  the  vicarage-honse  was 
erected.  It  is  stated  that  the  bishop  authorised  Mr.  Dillon,  then  vicar,  to  remove  as  many  stones  as  he  pleased  from  the 
old  tower  for  the  purposes  of  the  building;  that  the  contractor  pulled  down  and  removed  a  great  many,  and  then  desisted, 
preferring  to  obtain  them  elsewhere. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY — THE  FEEE  GRAMMAR  SCHOOL.  101 

The  subsequent  payments  are  for  tlie  "  plaueliyng  and  the  gustes  for  the  three  Acres,"  and 
general  completion  of  the  work,  together  with  certain  repairs  within  the  chapel,  e.  g.  "  for  the 
whytelym}"ng  of  the  church  and  the  mendyng  of  the  bynches  ther,"  and  also  "  for  the  new 
payntj-ng  of  Sepite  Cristofer." 

When  the  chapel  ceased  to  exist  we  have  no  knowledge.  The  foundations  could  be  traced 
within  memory.  For  many  years  the  tower  only  has  remained,  the  burial-ground  being  used  as 
a  meadow,  and  esteemed  a  part  of  the  vicarage  glebe  until  the  yeai- 1859,  when,  a  new  burial- 
ground  Ijeing  required  for  the  parish,  this  already  consecrated  and  eligible  site  was  selected,  and 
adjoining  lands  purchased  at  a  cost  of  about  350?.  A  portion  was  fenced  and  consecrated  as  a 
bui-ial-ground  for  the  church,  and  the  remainder  conveyed  to  the  trustees  of  the  dissenting  bodies 
for  the  same  pui-pose.     The  whole  expense  amounted  to  somewhat  more  than  600Z. 

Several  of  the  above-mentioned  guilds  continued  in  existence  until  late  in  the  reign  of  Queen 
Elizabeth. 


THE  FREE  GRAMMAR  SCHOOL. 

In  treating  of  the  Chantry  of  St.  John  Baptist  we  have  noticed  that  the  certificate  of  the 
Commissioners  appointed  to  inquire  into  Chantries,  &c.  2  Edw.  VI.  testified  that  by  the  founda- 
tion of  that  chantry  "  the  Prest  is  bouuden  to  teache  yong  children,"  and  that  there  was  a  school 
then  kept  by  Sir  Nicholas  Taprell,  the  chantry  priest,  and  that  he  received  a  salary  of  hi.  Gs.  8d., 
arising  from  the  chantry  lands,  for  the  same.  Sir  Nicholas  Taprell,  being  then  70  years  of  age, 
did  not,  it  is  presumed,  long  continue  to  keep  this  school ;  and  by  grant,  dated  7th  July, 
7  Edw.  VI.  the  lands  belonging  to  the  chantry,  out  of  which  the  schoolmaster  was  paid,  were 
conveyed  to  William  Necton  and  William  Mingay  in  fee. 

From  this  date,  it  is  presumed,  tlie  school  fell  into  abeyance  until  13  EHz.  when,  upon  the 
application  of  the  mayor  and  burgesses,  a  stipend  of  51.  6s.  Sd.  was  granted,  provisionally, 
(^guousque  aliter  assignaium  fuerit).  Subsequently  the  payment  of  the  stipend  appears  in  the  Minis- 
ters' Accounts,  but  we  have  not  been  able  to  trace  any  further  definite  order  or  authority  for  the 
stipend,  though  it  continued  to  be  paid  down  to  the  death  of  Mr.  Boor  in  the  j-car  1835.  It  had 
been  usual  to  augment  this  stipend  by  the  payment  of  a  salary  of  about  100/.  either  from  the 
revenues  of  the  town  or  by  the  patron  of  the  borough  for  the  time  being.* 

In  consequence  of  the  Municipal  Act  restraining  the  common  council  from  applying  the 
funds  of  the  Ijorough  to  purposes  of  education  the  above-mentioned  salary  ceased,  and  no 
(qualified  person  offered  to  carry  on  the  school  for  the  royal  stipend  only.  In  1850,  however, 
arrangements  were  made  for  reopening  the  school,  and  the  Rev.  W.  R.  AV^illiams  was  appointed 

*  When  the  fee-farm  rent  of  51.  10s.  payable  by  the  town  was  sold  to  Mr.  Boscawen  some  diflSculty  seems  to  have 
arisen,  though  it  was  satisfactorily  settled.  We  find  in  the  Mayor's  accounts  for  the  year  1707-8  the  following  entry: — 
"  P''  M'  Town  Clerk  for  his  Expenses  in  going  to  Lauuceston  and  retm-ning  from  thence  to  settle  the  Scliolo  Salary  on  the 
alienation  of  the  Town  Rent  from  her  Ma'*  to  Hugh  Boscawen,  Esq',  -lO*.  in  all.     18.  3.  4." 

2d 


102  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 

schoolmaster.  Ujdoii  application  to  the  Treasury  the  payment  of  the  stipend  of  5/.  6s.  8d.  was 
resumed,  the  only  condition  of  payment  being  that  a  qualified  person  shall  be  appointed  school- 
master, and  liis  appointment  registered  in  the  "  Crown  Lands  Inrolment  Ofiice." 

The  school  was  kept  for  a  great  number  of  years  in  the  chapel  of  St.  Thomas  the  MartjT  in 
the  chm-chyard,  probably  fi'om  the  restoration  of  the  stipend  in  1566.  The  crypt  of  this  building 
was  used  as  a  charnel  house.  As  early  as  1583  we  find  in  the  accoimts  of  the  receiver-general 
the  following  entry :  "It.  paide  for  caring  owte  the  bones  and  robbell  of  the  house  vnder  the 
scole  howse,  iijs.  uijd."  and  we  believe  it  was  used  for  the  same  purpose  until  witliin  a  few  years 
of  1835. 

List  of  Schoolmastees. 

1550.  Sir  Nicholas  Taprell,  chantry  priest,  aged  70. 

1558-1581.  John  Jackson. 

1581-1585.  Richard  Harvie. 

1592-1625.  Thomas  Cole. 

1629.  Chi-istopher  Vincent,  licence  dated  20th  July,  1629. 

1695.  .  .  .  Browning.    (Mayor's  Accounts.) 

1700.  Jaspar  Wood,  clerk,  died  1716. 

1706-34.  William  Pemiington,  clerk,  died  1738. 

1734.  John  Fisher,  clerk,  licence  dated  26th  August,  1734,  died  1776.* 

1777.  John  Pickering,  clerk,  debenture  appointment  not  enrolled. 

1778.  John  Neale,  clerk,  December  23rd. 
1781.  George  Corji;on,  clerk,  September  18th. 

1789.  Moses  Morgan,  clerk,  January  8th,  died  15th  Jime,  1810. 
1811.  Joseph  Fayrer,  clerk,  March  5th. 
1818.  Leonard  Jarvis  Boor,  clerk,  died  1835. 
1850.  William  Eees  Williams,  clerk,  M.A. 
1853.  Theophilus  Clarke,  clerk,  B.A. 

COURT  OF  PROBATE  OF  THE  ARCHDEACONRY  OF  CORNWALL. 

This  court  is  now  held  at  Bodmin.  It  was  formerly  at  St.  Neot,  but  about  the  year  1753 
was  removed  to  Lostwithiel.  It  was  kept  there  but  a  few  years,  and  in  1773  was  transferred 
to  Bodmin.  In  a  diarj-  kept  by  the  late  George  Browne,  of  Bodmin  and  Trewardale,  esq.  who 
was  at  that  time  Registrar  of  the  Archdeaconry  Court,  mider  the  year  1773,  mention  is  several 
times  made  of  the  removal  and  arrangement  of  the  records  of  the  court.f 

*  1776.  Sept.  19.  The  Rev.  Jlr.  John  Fisher,  late  schoolmaster  at  Boilmm,  died  this  afternoon.    (Mr.  Browne's  Diarv.) 
t  1773.  May  1-t.  This  day  the  Archdeacon  assured  me  his  actuary  in  order  to  make  one  Register. 

1773.  June  3.  At  Lostwithiel,  when  the  Records  of  the  Archdeaconry  of  Cornwall  were  brought  to  Bodmin. 

1773.  June  25.  The  first  Archdeacon's  Court  held  at  Bodmin. 

This  diary  is  in  the  possession  of  his  descendant,  the  Rev.  C.  M.  Edward  Colins  of  Trewardale. 


ECCLESIASTICAI;  HISTOEY — COURT  OF  PKOBATE.  103 

Tlie  indices  to  the  wills  and  administrations  are  kept  alphabetically  under  parishes,  and  date 
from  about  the  year  1570,  but  there  are  five  wills,  only,  earlier  than  the  seventeenth  centiuy,  and 
comparatively  few  earlier  tlian  1600.  From  the  year  1700  to  1800  there  is  a  general  Index 
Nominum,  though  not  completed  to  the  end  of  the  alphabet.  The  records  are  now  well  kept,  but 
they  require  careful  re-assortment.  Tlie  loss  of  the  earlier  wills  may,  in  some  measure,  be  attri- 
buted to  fi'equent  removals. 

There  were  until  lately  three  places  at  which  probates  were  granted  for  wills  of  persons 
dying  in  Cornwall,  exclusive  of  the  wills  of  those  who  died  possessed  of  bona  noiabilia,  that  is 
of  estate  of  the  value  of  5?.  beyond  the  diocese,  which  must  be  proved  in  the  court  of  probate  of 
the  archbishop  of  the  province,  now  the  General  Court  of  Probate  in  London.  Of  other  wills, 
those  of  persons  dying  in  either  of  the  176  ^  parishes  in  which  the  Archdeacon  of  Cornwall  has 
exclusive  jm-isdiction  may  be  proved  in  the  court  of  the  archdeaconry,  whilst  those  of  persons 
dying  in  any  of  the  29^  parishes  which  are  peculiars  must  be  proved  in  Exeter,  whether  the  pecu- 
liars ai'e  within  the  jurisdiction  of  the  bishop  or  of  the  dean  and  chapter.  A  separate  court  of 
probate  existed  at  Penzance  for  the  deanery  of  St.  Burian,  containing  the  three  parishes  of 
St.  Burian,  St  Levan,  and  Sennen ;  but  this  jurisdiction  has  recently  been  aboUshed,  and  the 
records  of  the  court  have  been  removed  to  Bodmin.  All  peculiars  have  been  made  subject  to  the 
Visitation  of  the  Ai'chdeacon  of  Cornwall  by  the  order  of  the  Queen  in  Council  gazetted 
2nd  Feb.  1848.* 

The  following  names  of  registrars  of  the  ai'chdeaconry  court  are  noted  : — 

Obadiah  Eej-nolds •         .         in  1G50 

John  Anstis in  1680,  died  1692 

Edward  Sleech  and  William  Cholwich,  who,  by  deed  dated  15th  February, 
1759,  appointed  John  Bennett  deputy  registrai-f    ....    1759 

George  Browne in  1773  ;  died  1795 

John  WaUis died  1842 

Preston  Wallis died  1858 

John  Basset  Collins     .......  1858 

*  Cornwall  Register,  p.  400. 

The  following  parishes  are  peculiars  in  the  exclusive  jurisdiction  of  the  Bishop:  viz. — 

St.  Gcmians,  St.  Erney  and   Landrake,  Lezant,  Lawhitton,   Southpetherwin  and  Trewen,  Egloshaile,  St. 
Brcock,  St.   Issey,  Little  Petlierick,  St.  Ervan,   St.  Eval,   St.  Merryn,   I'adstow   in  Rure,   Gerrans, 

St.  Anthony  in  Roseland,  Falmouth,  Budock  and  Gluvias,  Myler,  and  Mabc  21J 

The  Dean  and  Chapter's  peculiars  are — 

Bocounoc  and  Bradoak,  St.  Winnow,  Peranzaliuloo  and  St.  Agnes     fi 

TIic  Dean  of  St.  Biu-ian — 

St.  Burian,  St.  Levan  and  Sennen li 

The  divided  parish  is  I'adstow,  the  portion  withont  the  town  being  the  peculiar  of  the  bishop  whilst  the  town  itself  is 
under  the  jurisdiction  of  the  archdeacon. 

f  MicheU's  History  of  St.  Ncot,  p.  7G.  Miehell  states  that  "  the  last  registrar,  previous  to  removal  to  Lostwithiel, 
(which  was  in  1753,)  was  John  Bennett,"  bat  this  is  scarcely  recoucileable  with  the  deed  of  deputation  referred  to  in  the 
te.\t,  which  is  in  the  possession  of  Mrs.  Squire  of  Bodmin. 


104  PARISn  OF  BODMIX. 


THE  BOROUGH  OF  BODMIN. 

Before  we  treat  of  this  borough  in  particular  it  may  be  desirable  to  consider,  very  briefly,  the 
oriffin  and  ancient  character  of  such  institutions. 

The  derivation  of  the  name  burgh  or  borough,  as  it  is  now  called,  is  from  the  Saxon  "  byrig," 
"byrg,"  "  burh,"  or,  as  it  is  still  written  in  Germany,  "burgh,"  as  in  Ham-burgh.  It  signifies 
a  tower,  a  castle,  a  city,  a  place  fortified  by  walls  or  mounds,*  and  may  be  taken  as  a  place  of 
strength  and  safety ,t  guarded  with  privileges.! 

Wc  have  considered  in  oui*  Inti-oduction  the  ancient  independence  of  the  Saxon  free-man  in 
rm'al  districts ;  the  urban  popidation  participated  in  the  same  pri^^leges,  and  were  governed  by 
similar  municipal  laws.  Many  of  the  large  towns  had  charters  conferi'ing  special  franchises  as 
early  as  the  tenth  centurj' ,  and  some  of  them  had  the  franchises  of  sac  and  see,  infangenethef  and 
utfangenethef,  tol  and  them,  and  their  own  system  of  fri^burgas  or  frank-pledge, §  as  we  have 
seen  was  the  case  in  important  manors.  One  of  the  most  significant  privileges  was  that  which 
constituted  the  "li/t-ig^'  or  ^^biirh'"  a  place  of  refuge  for  runaway  serfs.  |!  The  boroughs  had 
their  own  gemots,^  as  had  the  counties ;  all  buying  and  selling  above  the  value  of  20</.  must  be 
in  the  borough  or  port  in  tlie  presence  of  the  reeve,**  and  every  vouching  to  waiTantry  and  every 
ordeal  must  be  in  the  King's  "  burh."]]  In  fact,  as  select  corporate  bodies,  they  had  an  inde- 
pendence which,  as  individuals,  the  burgesses  could  not  possess :  their  own  gylds,  or  sworn 
brotherhoods — their  own  legal  jiu-isdiction  and  com-ts  with  the  means  of  enforcing  their  decrees 
— their  own  internal  taxation — their  own  personal  freedom — their  own  watch  and  ward  ;  never- 
theless, like  their  neighbours,  they  were  subject  to  many  servile  dues  and  works,  and  were  bound 
to  attend  the  lord's  courts.  Moreover,  beside  these  superior  burgesses  there  must  have  grown  up 
a  popidation  of  an  inferior  order,  who,  though  in  many  instances  not  personally  unfree,  must, 
from  their  poverty  and  necessities,  have  been  subordinate  if  not  sen"ile.  These  would  be  recruited 
from  emancipated  serfs,  and  serfs  who  had  secured  their  freedom  by  fleeing  to  the  town  and 
eluding  capture.     Some  of  the  former  would,  doubtless,  become  agricultural  labourers,  or  obtain 

*  Ida  built  Bebbanbm-h  (Bamborongh),  which  was  at  first  inclosed  by  a  hedge  and  afterwards  by  a  wall.  Sax.  Chron. 
an.  517. 

It  is  ordained  l)y  the  laws  of  King  JEthelstanc  (I.  13),  "  that  every  '  Vurh  '  be  repaired  li  days  over  Rogation  days;" 
and  it  is  still  the  custom  in  many  places,  Bodmin  inclnued,  to  "  beat  the  bounds  "  at  Rogation  tide. 

t  If  any  one  take  refuge  in  a  church,  or  in  a  "InirTt,"  and  one  then  seek  him  to  do  him  eyil,  be  those  that  do  that 
liable  in  the  same  that  is  heretofore  ordained.    Edm.  Laws,  secular,  2. 

J  He  who  fights  or  steals  in  the  king's  "biirfi,"  or  in  his  proximity,  shall  be  liable  in  his  life,  unless  the  king  will 
allow  him  to  be  redeemed  by  his  jrer  geld.    Laws  of  Ethelred,  VII.  15. 

§  If  the  fr'ith-hriach  be  committed  within  a  "  hiirh,"  let  the  inhabitants  of  the  burh  themselves  go  and  get  the 
mtu-derers,  liring  or  dead,  or  their  nearest  kindred,  head  for  head.    Eth.  II.  G. 

II  If  any  bondman  shall  have  remained  without  claim  for  a  year  in  onr  cities  or  iurlis  snrronnded  with  a  wall,  or  in  our 
castles,  from  that  day  they  shall  be  made  free  men,  and  they  shall  be  for  ever  free  from  the  yoke  of  bondage. 

•f  And  thrice  in  the  year  let  the  burh-" gemot"  be  held.    (Edgar,  secular,  5.) 

*•  That  every  marketing  be  within  the  port,    .ffithelstan,  I.  13.  ft  Ethehred,  II.  6. 


THE  BOROUGH  OF  BODMIN.  105 

land  from  the  clergy;   but  the  greater  number,  it  is  probable,  took  refuge  in  the  "  burhs,"  and 
resided  there  under  the  protection  of  the  free  burghers.* 

Upon  the  Norman  Conquest  the  conqueror,  after  reserving  to  his  own  use  the  lion's  share 
distributed  the  manors  and  lands,  together  with  many  cities  and  towns,  amoncT  his  military 
followers,  to  hold  by  military  service  as  tenants  in  capite.  The  lands,  however,  held  by  the 
church  generally  escaped  confiscation,  and  the  municipal  institutions  of  the  cities  and  towns  were 
not  greatly  interfered  with ;  but  in  the  atmosphere  of  military  power  free  institutions  must  have 
languished,  and  the  towns,  more  especially  the  smaller  ones,  must  have  become,  if  they  had  not 
before  been,  seignorial ;  "  if  there  was  watch  and  ward  it  was  for  the  fortress,  not  for  the  towns- 
men ;  toU  there  might  be,  but  for  the  lord  to  receive ;  jm-isdiction,  but  for  the  lord  to  exercise  ; 
market,  but  for  the  lord  to  profit  by  ;'"t  and  the  degree  of  happiness  and  prosperity  of  the  com- 
munity  would  gi-eatly  depend  u]3on  the  personal  character  of  the  successive  lords. 

We  have  seen  that  most  of  the  rural  popidation  was  reduced  to  a  state  of  villanage.  Some- 
thing very  nearly  approaching  it  befel  the  urban  inhabitants.  Their  freehold  tenements,  called 
by  the  Normans  burgages,  were  reduced  to  a  tenure  essentially  base  ;  and,  though  the  owners 
were  not,  like  rillans  regardant  and  villans  in  gross,  held  to  be  personally  unfree,  yet  they  had 
generally  no  political  rights,  and  were  subject  to  taillage  or  tallage  at  the  will  of  the  King. 

As  under  the  Saxon  rule  the  revenue  of  the  crown  had  in  comities  been  collected  by  the 
"gerefa,"  shire-reeve  or  sheriff,  so  in  "  bm-hs  "  and  ports  had  the  regulated  imposts  been 
received  by  the  "  burh-gerefa  "  or  "  port -gerefa  "  (borough-reeve  or  port-reeve)  respectively, 
which  officers  were  elected  by  the  mmiicipality.  On  the  Conquest,  however,  this  ceased. 
Boroughs  and  ports  became  dependent  upon  the  King  or  upon  the  military  lords  to  whom  the 
King  had  granted  them,  and  bailiffs  were  appointed  to  collect  the  tolls,  customs,  and  profits 
which  arose  from  trade ;  and  these  officers,  being  usually  aliens,  frequently  exercised  great 
oppression,  especially  in  those  cases  in  which,  in  boroughs  still  remaining  in  the  hands  of  the 
crovra,  the  tolls,  customs,  and  profits  had  been  let  at  fee-farm.  Nevertheless  the  towns  prospered, 
and  the  inhabitants  soon  discovered  that  it  would  be  to  their  interest  to  farm  the  boroughs 
themselves,  and,  by  offering  a  larger  rent,  they  made  it  also  to  the  advantage  of  the  lord;  hence 
we  find  frequent  charters  granting  boroughs  to  the  burgesses  at  fee-farm  rents  which,  so  long 
as  the  rent  was  paid  with  punctuality,  left  the  burgesses  to  manage  their  internal  affairs  in 
their  own  way.  Tliey  consequently  more  fully  resumed  their  ancient  mmiicipal  organization, 
although  it  would  appear  that  they  were  not  permitted  to  call  their  chief  officer  by  his  former  title 
of  borough-reeve  or  port-reeve.  He  was  still  in  effect  the  lord's  bailiff,  and  accounted  to  the  lord 
for  the  rents,  and  thus  he  became  designated  prepositus  or  minister,  and  afterwards  adopting  the 
Norman  ai)])ellation,  mayor. 

The  inhabitants  of  boroughs,  however,  still  continued  to  be  taxed  at  the  arbitrary  will  of  the 
sovereign  in  the  same  manner  as  the  serf's  on  his  demesnes,  and  this  tax  was  usually  one-third 
more  than  was  levied  by  the  Parliament  of  the  tenants  in  capite.     Tliis  perhaps  was  not  upon  the 

•  Turner's  Landed  Property,  &c.  of  the  Anglo-Saxons,  p.  142. 
t  Kemble,  Sa.xous  in  Kugland,  Vol.  II.  323. 

2  E 


106  PARISH  OF  BODillX. 

wliole  unreasonable,  inasmuch  as,  in  addition  to  the  supplies,  the  latter  had  to  render  military 
service.  As  early  as  the  reign  of  Henry  III.  the  growing  necessities  of  the  state,  and  the 
increasing  influence  of  trading  communities,  led  Simon  de  Montfort  to  seek  their  influence  in 
support  of  his  rebellious  proceedings,  and  representatives  from  cities  and  boroughs  were  sum- 
moned to  his  conventionary  parliament.  Tliis  convention,  however,  never  assembled;  but  in  22 
Edward  one  step  towards  the  appearance  of  citizens  and  burgesses  in  Parliament  was  taken  by 
summoning  the/ree  tenants  in  the  King's  demesnes.  The  principle  was  now  admitted  ;  for  sucli 
burgesses  as  held  their  boroughs  in  fee-farm  were  in  the  position  of  free  tenants  of  tlie  crown. 
Accordingly  we  find  that  in  the  next  Parliament,  23  Edw.  I.,  the  citizens  and  burgesses  were 
duly  summoned  ;  but  they,  together  with  the  free  tenants,  sat  apart  from  the  earls,  barons,  and 
knights,  acted  sepai'ately,  and  made  grants  at  difierent  rates  upon  the  principle  above  stated. 
They  were  summoned  for  no  other  purpose  than  to  agree  to  the  grant  of  the  necessary  supplies, 
and  to  aid  in  its  collection  witliin  their  several  franchises. 

Tliere  can,  we  think,  be  no  doubt  that  in  the  earlier  Saxon  period  the  whole  community  of 
free-men  took  part  in  municipal  government ;  but  it  is  not  inconsistent  with  this  view  that  the 
local  administration  was  vested  in  a  select  few,  the  probi  homines,  as  they  were  afterwards  called. 
Dr.  Brady,  a  learned  -writer  of  the  last  century  on  cities  and  boroughs,*  held  the  opinion  that 
from  the  time  of  the  Norman  Kings,  who  by  charter  created  merchant-gylds  in  many  boroughs, 
and  gave  the  members  many  privileges  with  free  liberty  to  trade  without  the  payment  of  any  toll 
or  custom  save  their  fee-farm  rent  in  lieu  of  such  tolls  within  their  own  boroughs,  such  gylds 
formed  the  governing  bodies  of  such  boroughs,  which,  he  contends,  always  consisted  of  a  select 
number  different  from  the  common  burgesses,  and  that  these  associations  constituted  the  commo- 
nalties or  commimities  frequently  referred  to  in  our  records ;  and  he  was  of  opinion  that  such 
bodies,  as  well  as  governing  the  town,  exercised  the  municipal  franchise  of  returning  the 
burgesses  to  Parliament. 

Dr.  Brady's  opinions  have  been  strongly  and  somewhat  successfully  controverted  in  a  late 
work  of  Mr.  Homersham  Cox,t  who  contends  that  in  ancient  times  every  inhabitant  householder 
in  boroughs  had  a  common  right  in  the  election  of  the  burgesses  in  Parliament  until  the  creation 
of  municipal  corporations  in  the  technical  sense,  the  first  charter  for  wliich  was  granted  in  the 
eighteenth  year  of  King  Henry  VI. 

We  consider  that  between  these  opinions  tliere  is  a  mean.  It  seems  not  probable  that  mer- 
chant gylds,  wliich  were  created  for  special  purposes  of  a  different  nature,  formed  the  governing 
bodies  of  boroughs ;  but  it  does  not  follow  that  the  administration  of  the  internal  affafrs  of  the 
borough  was  not  vested  by  the  bm-gesses  in  a  select  few  of  the  most  distinguished  of  their  number, 
and  that  at  the  same  time  the  burgesses  in  Parliament  might  have  been  elected  by  the  voice  of 
the  whole  body  of  inhabitant  householders.  Nevertheless  we  conceive  such  householders,  unless 
they  held  tenements  in  biu'gage,  could  scarcely  be  held  to  be  true  burgesses,  and  this  view  seems 
to  be  supported  by  ancient  charters,  under  which  the  privileges  of  boroughs  were  usually  granted 

*  Historical  Treatise  of  Cities  and  Boroughs.    London,  ed.  17V7. 

t  Antient  Parliamentary  Election,  by  Homersham  Cox,  M.A.,  Barrister-at-Law.     London,  1868. 


THE  BOROUGH  OF  BODMIN.  107 

to  the  burgesses  and  their  heirs,  that  is  those  who  inherited  the  burgage  tenements.  A  mere 
householder  could  not  have  any  heir  in  the  sense  in  which  the  word  is  used.  It  is  however 
manifest,  that  after  the  creation  of  select  municipal  incorporations  great  varieties  of  burgesses  grew 
up,  and  exercised  electoral  privileges  of  a  peculiar  form,  and  continued  to  do  so  until  the  Reform 
Act  of  1832. 

We  desire  here  to  draw  particidar  attention  to  the  fact,  that  in  ancient  times  the  persons 
elected  as  representatives  in  Parliament  for  cities  and  boroughs  could  only  be  resident  citizens  or 
burgesses  of  such  cities  and  boroughs,  and  not  strangers,  nor  the  neighbouring  country  gentle- 
men. In  the  "  Modus  Tenendi  Parliamentum,"  believed  by  the  learned  editor,  Mr.  Hardy,*  to 
have  been  written  between  the  years  1294  and  1327,  (though  Lord  Chief  Justice  Coke  and  others 
have  assigned  to  it  a  much  earlier  date,)  as  concerning  the  burgesses  it  is  said,  "  In  the  same 
manner  it  used  and  ought  to  be  commanded  to  the  bailiffs  and  trustworthy  men  of  boroughs 
(probis  hominibus  burgorum),  that  they  should  elect  two  fit,  honourable,  and  experienced  bur- 
gesses from  among  themselves,  and  for  themselves,  to  come  and  be  present  at  the  Parliament  in 
the  same  manner  as  has  been  said  of  citizens ;  but  the  two  burgesses  used  not  to  receive  for  their 
expenses  more  than  ten  shillings  for  one  day,  and  sometimes  not  more  than  half  a  mark,  and  this 
used  to  be  taxed  by  the  court  according  to  the  greatness  and  the  power  of  the  borough,  and  ac- 
cording to  the  credit  of  the  persons  sent."t  The  same  rule  continued  down  to  the  time  of  King 
Henry  VI.,  for  we  find  a  statute  of  the  23rd  of  that  king's  reign, f  reciting  an  act  of  the  previous 
reign, §  which  provided,  "  That  the  citizens  and  burgesses  of  cities  and  boroughs  coming  to  the 
Parliament  should  be  chosen  men — citizens  and  burgesses  resident,  abiding,  and  enfranchised  in 
the  same  cities  and  boroughs;"  and  adds  to  this  recital,  "The  which  citizens  and  burgesses,  and 
no  others,  have  at  all  times  been  chosen  in  cities  and  boroughs." 

The  writs  for  the  election  were  addressed  to  the  sheriffs,  who  sent  their  precepts  to  the  mayor 
and  burgesses  to  elect  two  burgesses  to  be  their  representatives  in  Parliament.  The  office  in  those 
days  conferred  no  great  honour,  or  power,  and  was  not  coveted  either  by  the  burgesses  who  were 
sent  or  by  those  who  sent  them.  In  many  of  the  poorer  boroughs  persons  could  not  be  found, 
and,  even  if  they  could,  the  burden  upon  the  town  to  send  them  to  the  Parliament  and  support 
them  there  was  greater  than  could  well  be  borne.  Tlie  sheriffs  had  the  power  to  withhold  the 
precepts,  and  frequently  did  so.  Hence  the  returns,  '■'■  non  sunt  plures  hurgi  in  halliva  mea."  In 
Cornwall,  28th  Hen.  VI.  burgesses  were  returned  only  for  Launceston,  Liskcard,  Bodmin,  Lost- 
witliiel,  Truro,  and  Helston,  and  then  follows  :  "  Nullaj  sunt  eivitatcs  infi-a  ballivam  meam,  nee 
.simt  plures  burgi  infra  ballivam  meam."|| 

The  wages  for  the  burgesses  as  mentioned  above  seem  very  large,  considering  the  value  of 
money  in  those  days.^f     It  is  doubtful  whether  so  high  a  rate  was  usually  paid  in   addition  to 

*  Thomas  Dnffus  Hardy,  Esq.  now  Sir  Thomas  D.  Hardy,  Deputy-Keeper  of  the  Public  Kecords. 
f  Modus  Tenendi  Parliamentum.  Published  by  the  Commissioners  of  the  Public  Records,  1846. 
i  2;?  Hen.  VI.  cap.  14.  §  1  Hen.  V.  ||  Ectura,  Brev.  Pari.  28  Hen.  VI. 

1[  In  1  Edw.  III.   a  precept  was  directed  to  the   sheriff  of  counties  and  the  bailiffs,  &c.  of  boroughs  for  the  pay- 
ment of  the  kni<;hts  and  burgesses  who  had  attended  the   parliamem   suninicincd  by  his  predecessor  to  be  held   in  the 


108  PAEISH  OF  BODMIX. 

travelling  expenses,  though  there  appears  among  the  accounts  of  tlie  Bodmin  Corporation  the 
following  entry  under  19  and  20  Henry  VII.  "  Paid  to  Richard  Watts  and  Joseph  Smyth 
burgesses  of  the  Pai'liament  for  tlie  town,  13s.  id. ;"  but  the  record  does  not  state  how  many  days 
attendance  the  payment  covered. 

Bodmin  is  a  town  of  great  antiquity.     It  was  the  largest  town  in  Cornwall  at  the  time  of  the  1 

Domesday  survey,  and  the  church  of  St.  Petrock  then  possessed  there  68  houses  and  a  market.* 

Municijial  privileges  although  usually  granted  by  the  Crown  were  not  always  so,  for,  in 
respect  to  towns  which  were  within  the  demesnes  of  the  great  barons,  abbots,  or  priors,  such 
privileges  were  frequently  granted  by  the  mesne  lords,  and  afterwards,  at  tlie  request  of  the  lord, 
confirmed  by  royal  charter.  Such  would  seem  to  have  been  the  case  with  Bodmin.  We  have 
no  evidence  of  the  date  when  such  privileges  were  first  conferred.  The  earliest  notice  we  have  of 
the  borough  is  1  Richard  I.  (1190)  when  the  bui-gesses  of  Bodmene  rendered  an  account  of 
46s.  2d.j-  for  release  of  pleas  which  were  against  them.  In  3  King  Jolm  (1201)  the  town  was 
amerced  10  marks  for  the  escape  of  one  Roger  Morant,  a  fugitive.J  It  is  clear,  however,  from 
the  whole  tenor  of  the  records  down  to  the  time  of  the  dissolution  of  the  priory,  that  the  prior  was 
lord  of  the  town,  and  every  grant  of  privileges  was  made  to  the  prior  and  convent  and  their 
burgesses. 

We  have  seen  that  Richard,  King  of  the  Romans,  Earl  of  Poictou,  and  Earl  of  Cornwall, 
brother  of  King  Henry  III.,  received  from  that  monarch  a  grant  of  the  whole  county  of  Cornwall 
in  fee.  §  The  same  Richard  confirmed  to  the  prior  and  convent  of  Bodmin  all  their  lands,  posses- 
sions, and  liberties,  together  with  the  fishing  in  the  waters  of  Alan,  which  King  John,  his  father, 
had  granted  them  ;  and  also  granted  to  them  that  their  burgesses  in  Bodmin  shoidd  be  free  and 
quit  of  customs  and  exactions  throughout  the  whole  of  Cornwall,  and  that  they  should  have  a  free 
merchant-gyld,  as  they  then  had,  the  said  prior  and  convent  paying  a  rent  of  forty  shillings  and 
forty  pence.  And  that  the  said  burgesses  shoidd  not  be  distrained  in  Coi-nwall  for  the  debts  of 
any  one  of  their  neighbours,  imless  they  be  debtors  or  sureties,  and  if  it  should  happen  that  any 
one  in  Bodmin  should  have  made  forfeit  in  any  place  in  Cornwall  it  was  prohibited  that  any  of  the 
burgesses  of  the  said  town  or  their  goods  should  be  impeached  for  the  fault  of  the  defaulter,  and  if 
any  one  shoidd  impede  the  said  burgesses  or  their  chattels  against  the  prohibition,  it  was  commanded 
that  the  sheriff  of  Cornwall,  having  taken  bail  that  they  wiU  answer  the  law,  should  set  at  liberty 
them  and  their  chattels.  || 

Furthermore,  it  was  granted  that  they  should  be  free  from  all  tallage  as  of  the  pure  alms  of 
the  King's  ancestors.     And  it  was  further  granted  that  they  might  buy  and  sell  all  manner  of 

twentieth  year  of  his  reign.  The  rates  allowed  were :  for  the  knights  of  the  shires  4s.  a-day ,  and  for  citizens  and  bnrgesses 
2«.  for  sixty  days  in  going,  staying,  and  returning.  In  Cornwall  the  knights  for  the  shire  and  the  bnrgesses  of  Liskeard, 
Launceston,  and  Lostwithiel  were  paid  at  these  rates  respectiyely.  The  burgesses  of  Bodmin  appear  to  have  paid  their  own 
expenses  while  in  attendance  on  this  parliament.     Close  Rolls,  1  Edw.  III.  p.  1. 

*  See  ante.  f  Great  Roll  of  the  Pipe,  1  Rich.  I.  J  Assize  Roll,  Z  John.  §  See  ante. 

II  Confirmed  upon  Inspeximns  by  charter  of  King  Edward  I.  dated  9th  Sept.  1285.  Vide  Charter  Rolls,  13  Edw.  I. 
No.  8,  m.  3. 


THE  BOROUGH  OF  BODMIN.  109 

merchandize  throughout  nil  the  towns  of  Cornwall,  and  that  if  any  one  in  the  town  should  be 
presented  to  the  guild  merchant  and  should  remain  for  a  year  and  a  day  without  contradiction,  by 
tlie  custom  of  the  said  town  if  any  one  should  calumniate  him,  he  should  remain  in  the  liberty 
thereof. 

We  find,  with  respect  to  the  rent  of  40  shillings  and  40  pence  reserved  under  the 
charter  of  Earl  Richai'd,  that  an  arrangement  was  made  between  Baldwin,  then  Prior,  and  the 
Eai-1.  By  a  charter,  without  date.  Prior  Baldwyn  and  the  convent  granted  to  the  Earl  their 
manor  of  Trenou,  with  its  appurtenances,  or  so  much  as  lies  between  the  manor  of  Trevemot  and 
the  manor  of  Boscpmi,  in  exchange  lor  the  said  rent,  and  for  the  woods  of  Kingswood  and 
Kelewyth,  saving  to  the  prior  and  convent  the  tenths  which,  without  the  limits  of  the  said 
manor,  they  were  accustomed  to  have.  They  also  granted  to  the  Earl  two  acres  of  land  in 
Trefelloc  and  the  ser\"ice  of  one  acre  which  Roger  Pentet  held  of  them  in  another  Trefolloc 
of  the  fee  of  Tregaradoc,  doing  for  the  said  three  acres  to  Ingram  de  Grey  royal  service. 
The  Earl,  by  a  charter,  also  without  date,  but  recited  by  inspeximus  and  confirmed  in  charter 
of  10  Nov.,  48  King  Edward  III.  (1374),*  granted  to  the  church  of  St.  Petrock  of  Bodmin, 
and  BaldwjTi  then  prior  and  the  canons  of  the  same  serving  God,  and  their  successors,  the  said 
rent  of  forty  shillings  and  forty  pence  which  the  burgesses  of  Bodmin  owed,  and  also  the  woods 
of  Kyngeswood  and  Kelliwithe,  with  all  their  appurtenances,  to  be  held  to  the  said  prior  and 
canons  in  the  aforesaid  church  by  the  service  of  God,  and  to  be  free  and  c[uit  of  all  secular 
service.     A  fine  of  twenty  shillings  was  paid  for  the  confirmation.f 

The  charter  of  Earl  Richard  granting  the  liberty  was  again  confirmed  upon  inspeximus  in 
the  6th  Edw.  II.  (1313),  upon  the  payment  of  a  fine  of  forty  marks.| 

Two  years  afterwards  we  find  a  petition  §  fit'om  the  men  of  Lostwithiel  to  the  King  and  Council, 
representing  that  the  people  of  the  town  of  Bodmin,  by  the  procurement  of  the  Prior  of  Bodmin, 
lord  of  the  said  toicn,  to  the  great  decrease  of  the  King's  profit,  had  petitioned  parliament  praying 
to  obtain  for  the  town  of  Bodmyn  that  the  account  should  be  kept  there  and  the  assemblies  of  the 
people  for  the  said  court,  and  likewise  to  have  the  coining  of  tin  and  the  buying  and  selling  there 
for  their  own  advantage  without  regard  to  the  profit  of  the  King,  to  the  great  decay  and  impover- 
ishment of  the  town  of  Lostwithiel. 

They  represented  that  Earl  Edmund,  having  regard  to  his  great  profit,  had  ordained  that 
the  pmx'hase  of  the  tin  of  Cornwall  should  be  made  at  Lostwithiel,  and  that  he  had  caused  to  be 
ma<lo  at  great  costs  a  great  hall  to  servo  to  keep  the  accounts  and  for  the  assembling  of  the  comers 
and  resorters  to  the  said  town.  Likewise  another  great  house  to  lodge  the  tin  coming  from  the 
mines  of  Cornwall,  and  in  tlie  said  house  there  to  weigh  and  coin ;  with  many  other  allegations  of 
fraud  and  loss  to  the  King.  Tiie  petition  was  referred  to  the  auditors  of  petitions  and  it  was 
ordered  that,  forasmuch  as  the  town  of  Lostwithiel  was  the  King's  town  and  the  t(n\ii  of  Bodnn'n 
the  town  of  the  Prior  of  Bodmin,  it  is  more  to  the  King's  advantage  tiiat  the  assembling  of  the 
county  should  be  held  in  the  King's  town  of  Lostwithiel,  as  ordained  by  Edmund  sometime  Earl 

*  Pat.  Rolls,  48  Eihv.  III.  p.  L',  m.  12.  t  Origiiialia  Rolls,  48  Edw.  III. 

%  Clmiter  Rolls,  G  Eilw.  II.  m.  1,  No.  lOi.  §  Rolls  of  Parliament,  Vol.  I.  p.  296a. 

2   F 


110  PARISH  OP  BODMIN. 

of  Cornwall,  and  had  been  always  theretofore  used,  than  elsewhere  in  the  town  of  another,  and  it 
was  so  ordained  by  the  King  and  whole  Council  accordingly. 

In  the  ninth  year  of  King  Edward  III.  (1336),  upon  the  paj-ment  of  a  fine  of  twenty  marks, 
the  King,*  upon  inspeximus,  confirmed  the  aforesaid  charters  of  Eichard  Earl  of  Cornwall,  and 
King  Edward  I.  and  Edward  II.,  and  further  granted  to  the  prior,  canons,  and  burgesses 
of  Bodmin,  that  the  said  burgesses  should  be  free  to  sell  tin  and  wool,  and  all  other  merchandize, 
within  the  county  of  Cornwall  for  ever,  and  that  the  sheriflF  of  Cornwall  for  the  time  being 
should  cause  to  be  coined  the  tin  of  the  said  burgesses  as  he  had  theretofore  been  accustomed  in 
the  said  town,  and  that  the  burgesses,  their  heirs  and  successors,  should  be  quit  of  all  kayage, 
passage,  and  toll  by  the  whole  county. 

This  chai'ter  was  dated  at  York,  4th  Jime ;  but,  notwithstanding  the  pri^-ilege  of  coining  and 
selhng  tin  granted  thereby,  the  biu'gesses  of  Bodmin  appear  to  have  been  interrupted  and 
impeded  in  its  exercise,  for  we  find  that  in  the  21st  Edward  III.  (1347),t  the  men  of  Bodmin 
petitioned  the  King  and  Council,  representing  that,  whereas  it  had  been  granted  to  them  by  the 
charter  of  the  King,  and  by  the  charters  of  his  progenitors,  that  they,  their  heirs  and  successors, 
might  freely  buy  all  manner  of  merchandize  within  the  county  of  Cornwall,  as  well  tin  as  other 
merchandize,  and  that  they  had  been  accustomed  to  do  so  from  all  time,  until  then  of  new  the 
ministers  of  the  Lord  the  Prince  had  disturbed  tliem  so  that  they  could  not  buy  nor  coin  any  tin 
in  any  part  of  Cornwall  on  pain  of  forfeiture  of  the  said  tin  and  imprisonment ;  they  prayed  the 
maintenance  of  their  chai-ters.  The  petition  was  answered  in  full  Pai'liament,  that  it  was  the 
will  of  tlie  Prince  to  cause  the  tin  to  be  uttered  where  it  should  please  him. 

In  the  third  year  of  King  Eichard  II.  upon  the  paj-ment  of  a  fine  of  115s.  a  charter  was 
obtained,  dated  at  "Westminster,  17th  February  (1380).]:  In  it  is  recited  by  inspeximus  the 
charter  of  King  John,  previously  referred  to,  and  also  tlie  charters  of  Eichard  Earl  of  Cornwall, 
and  the  privileges  therein  granted  are  confirmed,  except  that  little  clatise  in  the  charter  of  King 
John,  "  prohibiting  tliat  they  (the  burgesses)  sliould  be  impleaded  for  any  tenement  which  they 
hold  in  their  demesne,  except  before  the  King  or  before  the  Chief  Justice ;"  and  in  the  first  year 
of  King  Henry  TV.  a  fui-ther  charter,  dated  25th  January,  1400,§  was  granted,  which,  after 
reciting  by  inspeximus  the  charters  of  Eichard  Earl  of  Cornwall,  13  Edw.  I.,  6  Edw.  II.,  and 
9  Edw.  III.,  confirmed  all  the  liberties  and  franchises  therein  granted. 

Another  charter  of  confirmation  of  manors,  lands,  and  Hberties  was  granted  in  tlie  first  year 
of  King  Henry  V.  (1413),||  and  in  the  third  year  of  King  Henry  VI.  a  further  charter  was 
obtained,  which,  after  reciting  by  inspeximus  the  charters  of  King  John,  Eichard  Earl  of  Corn- 
wall, and  those  of  Edward  I.,  Edward  II.,  Edward  III.,  confij-med  to  the  prior  and  convent  the 
privileges  and  franchises  therein  granted,  with  the  exception  of  the  little  clause  excepted  in  the 
chai-ter  of  Eichard  IL  as  above,  dated  at  Westminster,  14th  November,  1424.^ 

*  Charter  Rolls,  9  Edw.  III.  Part  1,  m.  16,  No.  130.  f  EoUs  of  Pari.  21  Edw.  m.  toI.  ii.  p.  180. 

t  Pat.  Rolls,  3  Rich.  II.  Part  2,m.  12.  §  Pat.  Rolls,  1  Hen.  IV.  Part  8,  m.  25. 

II  Pat.  Rolls,  1  Hen.  V.  Part  1,  m.  11. 

^  Pat.  Rolls,  3  Hen.  VI.  Part  1,  m.  34.     A  charter  to  the  same  effect  had  been  granted  in  the  first  year  of  this  king's 
reign  dated  at  Westminster  on  5th  Jnlv. 


THE  BOROUGH  OF  BODMIN.  Ill 

In  the  3rd  Edw.  IV.,  upon  the  payment  of  a  fine  of  40s.,  another  charter,  dated  at  West- 
minster, 10th  May,  1463,  was  obtained,  which,  reciting  by  iuspeximus  the  charters  of  King 
John,  Edward  I.,  and  Richard  Earl  of  Cornwall,  confirmed  the  same,  with  the  exception  of  the 
clause  in  King  John's  charter,  to  which  reference  is  above  made.* 

In  this  condition  the  borough  remained  during  the  period  which  elapsed  before  the  Reforma- 
tion. No  further  charter  or  immunities  appear  to  have  been  granted,  and  the  prior  remained 
lord  of  the  town,  as  parcel  of  his  manor  of  Bodmin.  It  did  not,  however,  continue  in  the 
flourishing  condition  which  distinguished  it  in  the  fourteenth  and  eai"Iy  part  of  the  fifteenth 
centuries,  when  many  wealthy  burgesses  were  its  inhabitants,  but  gradually  fell  into  decay.  The 
other  towns  in  this  county,  and  in  other  places,  seem  to  have  been  in  much  the  same  condition. 
King  Henry  VIII.,  in  the  thirty-second  year  of  his  reign,  attempted  to  remedy  the  evil  by 
causing  an  Act  of  Parliament  to  be  passed,  intituled  : — "  For  the  Re-edification  of  Towns  West- 
wards." Tlie  act  recites  that,  "  For  asmuche  as  in  tymes  past  diverse  and  many  beautifull  houses 
of  habitation  have  been  within  the  walles  and  liberties  of  the  boroughs  and  townes  (named 
Bodman  being  one),  which  nowe  are  fallen  downe,  decayed,  and  at  this  tyme  remajnie  desolate 
and  voide  groundes,  &c."  it  was  provided  that  if  the  owners  of  such  grounds  on  which  decayed 
houses  stood  do  not  re-edify  the  same  within  three  years,  the  lords  of  whom  they  are  holden  may 
enter  and  rebuild  withhi  two  years  next  after ;  and  in  their  default  persons  having  rent-charges 
thereout  may  enter  and  rebuild  within  one  year  then  next ;  and  in  their  default  the  mayors  of 
towns,  &c.  may  enter  and  rebuild  witliin  tlu'ee  years  then  next ;  and  in  their  default  the  first 
owners  may  re-enter  as  in  their  former  estate.f  Tliis  act  does  not  seem  to  have  been  calcidated 
to  effect  much  good  in  Bodmin,  and  it  did  not,  for  the  town  has  never  recovered  the  importance 
it  held  in  the  fourteenth  century.  The  surrender  of  the  priory  and  its  possessions,  however,  in 
some  measure  altered  the  status  of  the  burgesses,  who  as  tenants  of  the  royal  demesne  enjoyed  a 
higher  degree  of  independence  than  when  under  the  immediate  control  of  a  resident  lord.  More- 
over, the  time  soon  arrived  when  the  privileges  which  they  had  assumed  were  confirmed  to  tliem 
by  royal  charter. 

On  the  11th  March,  5  Elizabeth  (1562-3),  a  charter  was  obtained  creating  the  burgesses  a  body 
corporate.  The  preamble  is  worthy  of  notice.  It  proceeds  :  "  Whereas  our  borough  of  Bodmin 
is  an  ancient  borough,  and  was  parcel  of  the  possessions  of  the  late  priory  of  Bodmyn,  and  the 
men  and  inhabitants  of  the  borough  have  time  out  of  mind  held  and  enjoyed  divers  rights,  juris- 
dictions, franchises,  &c.  as  well  by  prescription  as  by  reason  of  divers  charters  granted  and  con- 
firmed by  our  progenitors,  Kings  of  England,  to  the  priors  and  canons  of  the  late  monastery,  &c. 
and  the  same  borough,  men  and  inhabitants  have  since,  within  time  of  memory  (inde  a  tempore 
post  hujusmodi  memoriam)  been  governed  by  a  mayor  and  36  burgesses  among  themselves  (de 
seipsis)  from  time  to  time  elected  ;  and  whereas  the  inliabitants,  for  their  rule  and  better  govern- 
ment, and  the  improvement  of  the  borough,  have  humbly  prayed  us  to  make  them  (facere  redigere 
et  creare  in  corpus  unum)  a  body  corporate  and  politic." 

It  will  be  observed  that,  in  addition  to  granting  to  the  bui-gesses  the  rights   and  privileges 

•  Pat.  Rolls,  3  E(iw.  rV.  Pari.  1,  m.  15.  f  32  Hen,  VIII.  cap.  19. 


112 


PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 


which  they  had  enjoyed  of  old  time  from  grants  made  to  the  monastery,  they  prayed  for  the  con- 
firmation of  other  pri-\Tleges  which  they  had  assumed  loithin  memory,  that  is  after  the  inile  and 
government  of  the  j)rior  had  been  withdrawn,  and  to  be  made,  that  which  they  were  not  before, 
a  bod}'  corporate,  capable  of  holding  lands,  and  of  suing  and  being  sued. 

Accordingly  it  was  granted  that  the  town  should  be  a  free  borough,  and  the  inhabitants  a 
body  corporate,  by  the  name  of  tlie  mayor  and  burgesses  of  the  borough  of  Bodmyn,  in  the  county 
of  Cormcall.  That  they  should  have  a  common  seal,  which  they  might  alter  when  they  pleased, 
and  that  there  should  be  twelve  men  of  the  better  and  more  honest  burgesses,  called  capital  bur- 
gesses and  coimciUors,  and  other  men  of  the  more  honest  and  discreet  burgesses  called  capital 
biu-gesses,  of  the  number  of  24,  which  24  and  12  should  form  the  common  coimcil  for  all 
tilings  concerning  the  said  borough,  and  the  good  order  and  government  thereof  (j)ro  omnibus 
rebus,  materiis,  causis  et  negociis  burgum  jiredictum  ac  bomim  regimen  et  guhernacionem  ejusdem  tan- 
gentibus  seu  concementibus),  should  assist  the  mayor,  and  make  bye-laws,  and  order  such  punish- 
ments and  penalties  by  imprisonment  and  fines  for  their  infraction  as  be  not  contrary  to  the  laws 
of  England.  It  granted  to  tlie  mayor  and  burgesses  that  they  might  have  two  oflicers,  called 
sergeants-at-mace,  for  the  execution  of  precepts,  &c.  ;  and  one  ofiicer,  called  clerh  of  the  mai'ket, 
with  the  same  powers  as  the  clerk  of  the  market  of  the  royal  household.  That  they  might  have 
two  burgesses  of  Parliament,  to  be  chosen  by  the  mayor  and  burgesses,  and  sent  to  Parliament  at 
the  cost  of  the  borough  and  the  commonalty  of  the  same.  It  appointed  Christopher  Cocke,  an 
honest  man  and  inhabitant,  to  be  the  first  modern  mayor,  to  continue  in  oflice  imtil  29th  Septem- 
ber ;  and  Thomas  Opy,  Ealph  Mj-tchell,  John  Hu^-t,  Henry  Braye,  William  Pascowe,  Eichard 
Condye,  Thomas  Blighe,  Thomas  Kestell,  "William  Northey,  Richai-d  Corj-n,  and  William  Ach)Tn, 
inhabitants,  to  be  the  first  modern  capital  burgesses  and  councillors,  and  to  continue  during  good 
behaviour;  and  Nicholas  Bower,  Nicholas  Opye,  Laurence  Cocke,  John  Shyer,  Henry  Cock, 
William  Prowte,  Thomas  Androwe,  Jolm  Harries,  Thomas  Veale,  Jolm  Edge,  Ralph  Newall, 
William  Morcombe,  John  Gyans,  Edward  Andrye,  Stephen  Stappe,  Tliomas  A^'yce,  Nicholas 
Cory,  Eichard  Trelawuye,  George  Pasce,  William  Hewit,  Jolm  Pyper,  Ralph  Castell,  Eobert 
Hartwell,  and  John  Tiu-nley,  the  first  modern  capital  burgesses. 

It  appointed  the  mayor  to  be  clerk  of  the  market,  and  assigned  a  certain  house,  called  the 
Hall  House,  to  be  the  common  hall  and  council  house,  wherein  the  mayor  and  burgesses  should 
hold  their  meetings,  and  on  Michaelmas  Day  name  two  capital  burgesses  or  councillors  before  the 
other  inhabitants  of  the  borough,  being  there  pi'esent,  whereof  the  inhabitants  should  elect  one  to 
be  mayor  for  the  year  ensuing,  and  until  another  be  duly  elected  and  sworn.  Makes  provision 
for  filling  up  vacancies  arising  fi-om  death  in  the  number  of  capital  burgesses  and  for  tlie  election 
of  the  serjeants-at-mace ;  gives  authority  for  the  perambulation  of  the  boundaries  and  for  a  court 
of  record  every  Monday  three  weeks  before  the  mayor  and  common  cler/cfor  the  time  being,  called 
the  iotcne  clerk,  as  has  before  been  accustomed  in  the  said  borough.  It  authorised  them  to  hold  all 
manner  of  pleas,  actions,  &c.  for  wrongs,  &c.  and  for  debts  and  reple^-ins,  &c.  under  201.,  and  all 
actions  real  and  personal.  The  serjeants-at-mace  to  serve  and  execute  all  attachments  and  panels 
of  juries,  (Sec.     No  burgess  to  sue  another  or  any  inhabitant  in  any  com't  out  of  the  borough,  the 


THE  BOROUGH  OF  BODMIX.  113 

mayor  and  burgesses  to  have  view  of  frank-pledge,  and  tlie  return  of  all  writs.  The  sheriff  not  to 
enter  without  the  permission  of  the  mayor.  It  granted  them  tlie  goods  of  felons,  assise  and  assay 
of  bread,  wine,  and  ale,  and  other  victuals,  and  also  of  weights  and  measures,  with  the  fines,  &c. 
thence  arising.  It  granted,  moreover,  a  market  on  Saturday  and  two  fiiirs,  one  on  the  feast,  eve, 
and  morrow  of  St.  Nicholas  the  Bishop,  and  the  other  on  Wednesday  before  the  feast  of  Pente- 
cost, and  on  the  Tluirsday  and  Friday  following ;  and  also  a  court  of  pie-powder,  with  stallage, 
picage,  fines,  amerciaments,  &c.  No  stranger  out  of  the  liberty  to  sell  any  merchandise  within 
the  liberty  except  in  gross,  or  during  the  fairs,  under  pain  of  forfeiture.  The  burgesses  to  be  free 
of  toll,  passage,  pontage,  murage,  pannage,  picage,  anchorage,  coverage,  wharfage,  cranage, 
quayage,  stallage,  and  lastage  for  all  their  own  goods  throughout  the  whole  county.  No  commis- 
sioners to  hold  musters  within  the  borough  without  special  license.  For  their  better  support  the 
mayor  and  burgesses  were  authorised  to  hold,  without  license,  manors  and  lands  not  held  of  the 
Crown  in  capiie,  or  by  military  service,  not  exceeding  the  annual  value  of  40/.,  notwithstanding 
the  statute  of  mortmain.  No  currier,  tanner,  or  other  person,  living  without  the  borough,  or  in 
any  other  corporate  town,  should  buy  within  the  town  any  raw  hides  under  pain  of  forfeiture. 
For  all  these  privileges  the  mayor  and  bui-gesses  were  to  pay  at  Michaelmas  in  each  year  for  ever 
a  rent  of  5Z.  10.*.* 

It  appeal's  from  a  document  among  the  municipal  archives  that,  in  the  year  1563  a  dispute 
arose  between  the  Corporation  of  Bodmin  and  that  of  Liskeard,  respecting  certain  payments 
claimed  by  the  Mayor  of  Bodmin.  An  award  was  made  by  John  Trelawny,  Richard  Chamond, 
Harry  Chiverton,  and  Robert  Treweek,  Esquires,  that  thenceforward  every  burgess  of  Liskeard 
who  held  a  shop  in  Bodmin  should  pay  by  the  year  xij  <l  as  a  shop-fine,  and  a  further  jiayment 
of  sij  ^  towards  the  levy  of  the  fifteenth  which  the  town  of  Bodmin  had  to  pay.  On  these 
conditions  the  burgesses  of  Liskeard  were  made  free  to  buy  and  sell  in  all  markets  and  fairs  in 
which  stranger's  had  been  accustomed  to  sell  their  wares.f 

After  an  experience  of  thirty  years,  the  charter,  of  which  we  have  given  an  alistract  abo^e, 
was  found  to  be,  in  some  respects,  difficult  to  work.  Accordingly,  upon  the  representation  of  the 
mayor  and  biu'gesses  tliat  it  was  partly  imperfect  and  invalid,  and  partly  uncertain  and  ambiguous, 
a  new  charter  was  granted,  dated  at  Westminster  30  April,  3Gth  Elizabeth  (1504). 

After  several  recitals  fi'um  the  former  charter,  it  confirmed  all  former  grants  upon  the 
payment  of  the  farm  rent  of  5/.  lOs.  per  annum.  It  granted  to  the  mayor  and  thirty-six 
capital  burgesses,  being  the  common  council,  with  the  common  clerk,  the  power  of  electing  one 
honest  and  discreet  man  of  the  twelve  councillors  then  living  within  the  borough  to  be  mayor, 
who  shoidd  be  sworn  before  his  last  predecessor,  in  the  presence  of  the  thirtj-xi.u,  or  the  major  part ; 

*  In  the  Accounts  of  the  Receiver-General  of  the  town  10  Elizab.  wc  find — 

Item  paid  Xp'fer  Walker  the  xix  .laiiuari  last  for  hys  payne.s  and  sewte  in  the  E.\chequer  to  discharge  the  mayor  and 
hurgeanx  at  Mighclmas  temi  then  last  paste  off  the  fee  farm  off  the  townc  off  Bodtn}^  and  arrearages  there  oil'  from  the 
date  of  the  new  charter,  w""  vj"  viij  payd  vnto  the  auditor  for  his  hand  to  a  constat,  and  for  other  charges  there  off  as 
appcarcth  by  his  bill  there  off (Amount  torn  off.) 

f  The  original  award  is  jircscrved  among  the  nnmicipal  archives  of  Liskeard,  l)nndlo  5.  There  is  also  a  fragment  of 
the  duplicate  at  Bodmin. 


/ 


114  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 

tlie  election  to  take  place  on  tlie  24th  September  in  every  yeai"  for  the  year  ensuing.  It  also 
confirmed  to  the  same  parties  the  power  of  electing  all  otHcers  and  ministers  whatsoever  as 
they  had  been  accustomed  to  have,  and  made  provision  for  filling  up  vacancies  in  ease  of  death, 
and  gave  to  the  same  parties  the  power  of  electing  the  burgesses  in  parUament.  It  also  conferred 
upon  them  the  privilege  of  a  Court  of  Record  to  be  holden  every  Monday,  extending  to  all  causes 
not  exceeding  100/.,  with  power  of  adjournment,  and  provided  that  no  inhabitant  without  the 
borough  should  sell,  or  expose  for  sale,  any  merchandize  witliin  it  except  in  gross,  or  during  fairs, 
without  the  leave  of  the  mayor,  common  clerk,  and  common  council,  under  pain  of  forfeiture. 

It  further  granted  that  the  mayor  and  common  clerk,  and  the  last  predecessor  of  the 
mavor,  for  one  year  after  his  mayoralty,  should  be  justices  of  the  peace,  but  not  to  try  capital 
offences  witliout  special  sanction ;  and  precluded  the  justices  for  the  county  from  having  any 
jurisdiction  within  the  borough.  The  mayor  to  be  coroner.  The  free  burgesses  resident  within 
the  borough  not  to  be  liable  to  serve  on  juries  without  the  borough  except  for  lands  without  the 
borough ;  and  granted  a  fair  on  the  feast  of  St.  Paul,  and  on  the  eve  and  morrow  of  it,  with  a 
court  of  pie-powder. 

Such  are  the  deviations  from  the  previous  charter.  It  did  not,  however,  produce  concord  in 
the  borough.  In  the  year  1(335,  on  the  appointed  day,  the  24th  September,  one  Otlio  Stapp  was 
elected  mayor,  and  took  the  prescribed  oaths.  At  which  time  also  one  John  Ferryman,  gent, 
an  attorney,  was  chosen  town  clerk,  but  he  refused  to  take  the  oatlis,  saying  that  he  had  been 
previously  sworn,  and  would  hold  the  office  of  town  clerk  during  all  his  life.  A  furious  quarrel 
arose.  The  mayor  summoned  a  meeting  of  the  common  council,  at  which  he  represented  that  the 
said  Ferryman  was  very  unsafe  to  be  continued  in  the  office  of  town  clerk,  alleging  that,  when  he 
was  previously  town  clerk  and  justice  he  had  broken  the  peace  by  quarrelling  and  fighting,  and 
that  he  had  been  indicted  for  perjury  and  other  misdemeanours,  whereupon  the  said  Ferryman 
was  removed  from  his  office,  and  one  Thomas  Hoblyn,  counsellor-at-law,  was  elected  in  his 
stead,  and  took  the  oath.  A  short  time  afterwards,  a  court  having  been  svimmoned  to  be  holden 
in  the  town  hall.  Ferryman  and  his  adherents  among  the  council  assembled  at  the  door,  and, 
without  waiting  for  the  mayor,  broke  open  the  door,  and  the  said  Ferryman  took  the  usual  seat 
of  the  town  clerk,  and,  when  the  mayor  and  Mr.  Hoblyn  together  with  divers  of  the  chief  bur- 
gesses arrived,  the  said  Ferryman  would  not  remove  from  the  town  clerk's  seat,  nor  would  he 
and  his  adherents  sufiTer  the  mayor  to  proceed  to  hold  the  court  or  to  speak  by  reason  of  the 
obstreperous  noise  and  clamour  which  they  made.  Whereupon  the  mayor,  together  with  die 
chief  burgesses,  to  avoid  further  outrage  and  breach  of  the  peace,  left  the  hall,  when  Ferryman 
and  his  adherents  removed  the  mayor  from  his  office,  and  on  the  29th  of  the  same  month 
appointed  one  Wilham  Stone  to  be  mayor,  who  was  sworn  to  execute  the  office  of  mayor,  and  who 
apjjointed  Ferryman  to  be  town  clerk. 

A  representation  of  these  circumstances  was  made  to  the  Fri\'y  Council,  setting  forth  the 
disorder  wliich  existed,  and  praying,  that  speedy  com-se  might  be  taken  for  well  ordering  and 
settling  the  government  of  the  town,  alleging  that,  until  the  differences  in  question  were  allayed, 
the  money  (some  801.  odd)  which  the  borough  had  that  year  to  contribute  towards  the  building  of 


THE  BOROUGH  OF  BODMIX.  115 

Ilis  Majesty's  ships  could  not  be  levied,  and  praying  that   Stone  and   Ferryman  might  be   sum- 
moned befoi'c  the  council  to  answer  for  their  proceedings. 

Tlie  matter  was  brought  before  the  Star  Chamber  on  25th  Jaimary,  1636,  whereupon  it  was 
ordered  that  Otho  Stapp,  having  been  duly  elected  and  sworn  mayor,  should  be  established  pro 
tempore,  and  that  Thomas  Hoblyn  should  be  confirmed  in  the  office  of  town  clerk,  also  pro  tempore, 
until  further  order  from  the  council ;  and  the  said  Stapp  and  Hoblyn  were  charged  to  exercise 
their  respective  offices  faithfully,  notwidistanding  Stone  and  Ferryman  and  their  adherents ;  and 
it  was  further  ordered  that  a  messenger  be  dispatched  to  bring  Stone  and  Ferryman  before  the 
board,  and  Stapp  was  required  to  send  up  some  person  well  instructed  in  the  business,  with  proofs 
and  testimony  to  make  good  the  contents  of  the  petition. 

It  is  presumed  that  during  the  national  calamities  arising  out  of  the  great  rebellion,  when 
both  church  and  crown  were  trampled  in  the  dust,  local  quarrels  were  forgotten,  but  we  find  that 
very  soon  after  the  Restoration  grievous  disputes  and  contentions  again  arose.  Among  tlie  muni- 
cipal ai'chives  is  a  paper  entitled  "  Articles,  &c.  About  Bodmyn  Men's  Madnesse,"  from  which  it 
appears  that  on  the  24:th  Sept.  1668,  one  Richard  Manaton,  just  elected  mayor,  rescued  from  the 
constables  one  Theodore  Provost,  a  churchwarden,  and  Robert  Warne,  a  constable,  who  had  been 
that  day  committed  by  the  town  clerk  and  the  preceding  mayor,  John  Dagg,  then  justice,  for 
refusing  to  execute  a  warrant  to  levy  twenty  shillings  each  on  sev'cral  persons  that  sold  ale  without 
licence,  contrary  to  the  statute  3  Ch.  I. 

The  town  clerk  and  ex-mayor  thereupon  petitioned  the  lord  chief  justice  to  redi'ess  their 
grievances,  alleging  that  not  only  had  the  defendants  broken  the  law  but  had  also  so  slandered 
their  neighbours  that  they  could  not  live  quietly,  and  had  admitted  strangers  into  the  guild-hall, 
who  made  such  vociferous  noise  that  the  town  clerk  and  aldermen  wei'e  obliged  to  leave  in  order 
to  avoid  a  breach  of  the  peace.  A  mandamus  was  obtained.*  The  parties  thereupon  settled  their 
differences,  as  appears  from  a  paper  endorsed  "  Fi'oposals  offered  and  Proposals  answered,"  wliich 
is  curious  as  an  illustration  of  the  subjects  which  occupied  men's  minds  at  that  time.* 

A  few  years  later  great  political  contentions  arose  between  the  Court  and  the  Country  party. 
The  city  of  London  made  itself  obnoxious  to  the  King,  and  in  1683  a  writ  of  quo  warranto  was 
issued  to  inquire  by  what  authority  they  exercised  certain  functions  and  levied  certain  imposts. 
It  was  argued  by  Treby  and  FoUexfen,  that,  however  much  individuals  might  err  and  become 
personally  amenable  to  punishment,  a  corporate  body  could  do  no  wrong ;  and  that  throughout 
the  whole  of  English  history,  with  the  exception  of  the  arbitraiy  and  unjust  dissolution  of  tlio 
monasteries,  no  instance  could  bo  found  of  a  corporate  body,  which  was  intended  to  ha\e  per- 
petual duration,  being  annihilated  for  the  temporary  faults  of  some  of  its  members.  The  judges, 
however,  declared  the  charter  to  be  forfeited,  but  the  King  immediately  offered  to  restore  it, 
reserving  to  himself  the  right  of  exercising  a  veto  uj)on  the  election  of  the  chief  officers,  yet 
leaving  generally  the  franchise  untouched. 

These  proceedings  created  considerable  alarm  among  the  corporate  bodies  tlu'ougiiout  tiie 
kingdom,  and  many  of  them  were  induced  to  surrender  their  charters  upon  the  promise  of  having 

•  Bodmin  Register,  p.  32G. 


116  PARISH  OF  BODIIIX. 

them  granted  anew.  Tlie  chief  object  seems  to  have  been  the  acquisition  by  the  Crown  of  an 
influence  in  the  return  of  citizens  and  burgesses  to  parliament.  Bodmin,  it  is  presumed,  was  one 
of  the  towns  whicli  at  this  time  yielded  to  the  pressure. 

A  new  charter,  dated  at  Westminster  on  the  27th  March  1685,  was  granted  at  the  instance 
of  John  Gran-yiUe,  first  Earl  of  Bath  of  tliat  house.*  After  reciting  the  surrender  by  tlie  mayor 
and  burgesses  of  their  fi-anchises  to  him,  or  to  his  brother  King  Charles  II. ,  and  the  King  being 
satisfied  of  his  own  knowledge  that  the  burgesses  had  acted  faithfully  to  his  most  dear  father  in 
the  war  against  the  worst  of  rebels,  whereby  they  incurred  very  great  loss,  he  makes  the  borough 
a  fi-ee  borough,  and  the  inhabitants  a  body  corporate,  under  the  name  of  the  mayor  and  burgesses, 
and  authorised  them  to  elect  a  recorder,  a  mayor,  twelve  capital  burgesses  or  aldermen  and 
councillors,  a  town  clerk,  and  ten  burgesses  as  assistants  to  the  common  covuicil.  The  Earl  of 
Bath  was  made  the  first  recorder,  with  power,  during  pleasure,  to  appoint  a  deputy  learned  in 
the  law,  and  the  common  clerk.  Francis  Blight,  gent.,  was  appointed  mayor,  to  continue  in 
office  until  24th  September  following ;  and  Edward  Hobh-n,  Nathaniel  Lugger,  Hugo  Hobbs, 
Mathew  Parsons,  Humfrey  Williams,  Francis  Blight,  John  Dagg,  Tobias  SchoUar,  John 
Littleton,  John  Stone,  Christopher  Fowler,  and  Robert  Drew,  gentlemen,  inhabitants,  the 
first  capital  burgesses  or  aldermen  and  councillors.  And  John  Smyth,  William  Brabyn, 
Christopher  Pennington,  Thomas  May,  William  May,  Roger  Hamly,  John  Carpenter,  John  Pen- 
nington, Peter  Jewell,  and  Thomas  Hawkin,  junr.  gentlemen,  inhabitants,  the  first  capital  bur- 
gesses of  the  number  of  ten,  assistants  to  the  common  council.  But  the  most  remarkable  provision 
was  that  John  Earl  of  Bath,  John  Earl  of  Radnor,  Charles  Lord  Lansdown,  Bodville  Lord  Bod- 
min, Richard  Lord  Arundell,  Charles  Lord  Mohim,  and  Hender  Robertes,  Francis  Robertes, 
John  Arundell  of  Trerice,  Esq",  Sir  Jonathan  Trelawny,t  Bart.,  Sii"  Rich.  Edgcombe,t  Knight  of 
the  Bath,  then  sheriff"  of  Cornwall,  Sir  John  Molesworth,  Knt.,  Nicholas  Glyn  of  Glyn,  Esq., 
Humfrey  Courtne}-,  Esq.,  Jonathan  Rashleigh,  Esq.,  William  Sylly,  Esq.,  Nicholas  Courtney, 
Esq.,  William  Coriton,  Esq.,  John  Glynn,  Esq.,  John  Mounstephen,  Esq.,  and  John  Hobl}-n, 
Esq.,  were  made  free  burgesses,  with  the  power,  together  with  the  mayor,  to  the  exclusion  of  the 
capital  burgesses,  to  elect  the  two  burgesses  in  Parliament  which  were  granted  by  the  same  charter. 
The  mayor  was  to  be  elected  on  the  24th   September  by  the  mayor  and  twenty-two  capital  bur- 

*  We  find  the  following  entries  in  the  accounts  in  connexion  with  this  charter  1681-3,  Ffran.  Blight,  mayor — 

£    s.     d. 

GiTen  M'  John  Hoblrns  man  for  coming  from  Stow  with  orders  from  my  Lord  of  Bath 10    0 

1"  for  our  expenses  at  Plymouth  when  we  went  to  wait  on  my  Lord  of  Bath  in  order  to  the  charter 4    5    9 

Given  my  Lord  of  Bath's  Secretary    10    0 

I'^  Xtopher  Dagge  for  going  to  Exon  for  the  charter  and  the  carriage  of  it  from  Okehampton  to  Lost-  k. 

withiel  ten  shillings,  in  all 15     0 

Gircu  M' Courtney  for  liis  paines  about  the  charter 2    3    0 

P""  M'  John  Hoblyn  to  buy  a  piece  of  plate  as  a  gratuity  for  his  great  paines  and  expenses  in  soliciting 

about  the  charter 5    0    0 

t  The  second  baronet  of  that  house,  and  father  of  the  celebrated  bishop  successively  of  Bristol,  Exeter,  and  Win- 
chester, one  of  the  seven  prelates  committed  to  the  Tower  by  James  II. 

J  Sir  Richard  Edgcumbe  of  Monnt  Edgcombe,  created  Knight  of  the  Bath  previously  to  the  coronation  of  Charles  11.; 
died  1688. 


THE  BOROUGH  OF  BODMIN.  117 

fi;esses,  with  the  recorder  or  bis  dcpufy  and  the  common  clerk,  or  the  majority  of  them,  out  of  the 
twelve  aldermen,  he  being  an  inhabitant.  There  was  another  remarkable  provision  resen'ing*  a 
power  of  removing  any  mayor,  or  other  of  the  persons  now  named,  or  hereafter  to  be  elected  or 
appointed,  "  at  our  pleasure,  by  the  mere  order  of  our  Privy  Council."  And  tliat  there  would  have 
been  no  hesitation  in  the  arbitrary  exercise  of  this  extraordinar}'  power  is  manifest  from  a  letter 
addressed  by  the  Earl  of  Bath  to  the  town  clerk  for  the  information  of  the  mayor  within  a 
month  from  the  date  of  the  charter,  in  which  letter,  after  congratulating  the  mayor  upon  the  grant 
of  the  charter,  he  adds  :  "  As  for  your  members  in  your  said  charter,  they  are  all  of  the  nomination 
of  your  agents,  and  if  I  am  misguided  therein  to  name  any  unfit  person,  upon  your  intimation  thereof 
I  will  move  his  Majesty  for  his  reraovall."  He  further  says,  with  reference  to  the  return  of 
burgesses  to  Parliament,  "  I  shall  recommend  to  yoiu-  choice,  for  one  of  yom'  burgesses,  a  gentle- 
man of  quality  well  known  to  you  all,  and  that  hath  a  good  estate  amongst  you  and  elsewhere  in 
our  county,  and  a  very  good  Protestant,  my  brother  Sir  Peter  Prideaux,t  barronett,  hoping  that 
you  will  regard  this  as  the  first  request  of  your  recorder,  especially  when  other  townes,  without 
my  seeking,  have  freely  offered  me  the  recommendation  of  both  their  burgesses,  wher  I  have 
been  less  acquainted  :  but  for  your  other  burgess  I  doe  entirely  leave  the  same  to  yourselves,  not 
doubting  that  you  will  make  a  good  choice  in  a  person  of  your  owne  country,  after  my  exam])le." 

Strange  to  say,  the  noble  recorder,  notwithstanding  his  power  and  influence,  did  not  succeed 
in  returning  his  nominee. 

In  what  manner  the  charter  of  1  James  II.  was  annulled  at  the  time  of  the  Revolution,  and 
the  surrendered  charter  of  36  Elizabeth  restored,  the  writer  has  no  information ;  but  legal 
advice  appears  to  have  been  taken  on  the  subject,|  and  the  charter  of  Elizabeth  continued  the 
governing  charter  of  the  borough  until  late  in  the  last  century.  It  has  been  noticed  that  this 
cliarter  jtrovides  that  the  free  biu'gesscs  should  be  elected  in  the  presence  of  the  mayor,  the  thirty- 
six  capital  burgesses,  and  the  common  clerk,  or  the  major  part  of  them.  This  clause  led  to  the 
dissolution  of  the  borough.  Great  contentions  arose  among  the  members  of  the  corporate  body, 
and  as  vacancies  occurred  the  manoeuvres  of  party  prevented  them  from  being  filled  up,  on 
account  of  the  major  jMrt  not  being  present  to  make  a  legal  court;  so  that  at  last,  on  the  death  of 
AVilliam  Pennington,  Esq.  in  1789,  the  whole  number  of  burgesses  became  reduced  below  the  requi- 
site majority  of  nineteen,  the  corporation  became  extinct,  and  Bodmin  ceased  to  exist  as  a  muni- 
cipal borough  for  nine  years.      Dm'ing  this  interval  the  county  justices  exercised  jurisdiction,  but 

*  "Proviso  semper  ac  plenain  potestatem  ct  authoritatcm  noliis  hei"c<lil>us  et  successoribus  nostris  per  presentes  reser- 
vniaus  (Ic  temjjore  in  tenipus  ct  ad  omnia  teinpora  imposteruni  ad  miijoiom,  deputiitum  niajoris,  recordatorem,  dcputatiun 
rccordatnris,  Cdnimnncm  clerioiun,  ot  aliriucm  vel  aliquos  de  l)m-gcu.silius  liiirgi  picdicti  \>0T  presentes  noniiuatos  ct  consti- 
tntos  vcl  imposteruni  nonjiiiandns  ct  cligendos  ad  lil}ituin  ct  licne  placituni  nostrum  licrcdum  vel  successonnn  nostrorum  per 
aliiincm  ordinem  nostrum  heredum  vel  succcssorum  uostronuu  in  privato  concilio  factum  et  sub  sigillo  privati  concili' 
prcdicti  cisdem  respective  signifieatum  ad  amovcndum  et  amotnm  et  amotos  esse  declaraudum." 

t  Sir  Peter  Prideaux  of  Netherton,  tliird  baronet.  lie  married  the  Lady  Elizabeth  Granville,  daughter  of  the  famous 
Sir  Bevil  Granville  of  Stow,  knt.  and  sister  of  the  Earl  of  liiith.  £    .f.    rl. 

*  PJ  M' IIobljTi  for  S"- George  Trebyes  advice  on  y"  Charter    2     3     0 

(Mayor'.s  Accounts.) 
9  Oct.  1706.  Spent  in  searching  the  Charter 0     3     0 

2  n 


118  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 

burgesses  still  continued  to  be  returned  to  Parliament  by  the  survivors  of  the  corporate  body,  the 
senior  alderman  acting  as  returning  officer. 

Through  the  influence  of  the  last  Lord  Camelford  of  Boconnoe  a  new  charter  was  obtained, 
dated  at  Westminster  27th  Aug.  1798.  In  the  new  corporation  were  included  all  the  surviving 
members  of  the  old  body,  Walter  Raleigh  Gilbert  of  the  Priory,  Esq.,  being  appointed  under  it 
the  first  mayor.  It  is  a  very  long  charter  in  English,  engrossed  on  eleven  skins  of  vellum,  and 
follows  very  closely  the  charter  of  Elizabeth,  upon  which  it  was  foimded.  It  was  prescribed  that 
the  body  corporate  shoidd  consist  of  twelve  capital  burgesses  and  councillors,  and  twent\--four 
other  men  who  should  be  called  capital  burgesses,  which  twelve  and  tsventy-four  it  was  directed 
should  be  called  the  common  comicil.  The  twelve  persons  nominated  as  capital  burgesses  and 
councillors,  so  long  as  they  should  behave  themselves,  were  W.  R.  Gilbert,  Thomas  Hall,  M.D., 
Joseph  Edyvean,  Jolm  Pomeroy,  William  Hamley,  William  Flamank,  D.D.,  John  Pomeroy 
clerk,  John  Edy\'ean,  Nicholas  Phillips  clerk,  Edmund  Gilbert  clerk,  Francis  John  Hext,  and 
WiUiam  Burrows.  The  twenty-four  capital  burgesses  were — George  Hunt,  Esq.,  Thomas  Stone, 
Philip  Deacon,  Jonathan  Fry,  Edward  Truscott,  Digory  King,  Samuel  Spiller,  George  Wills, 
Samuel  Hext,  John  Belling,  John  Renorden,  Lewis  Rescorla,  Robert  Edyvean  clerk,  John 
Jewell,  John  Cradock,  Richard  Bligh,  WiUiam  Popham,  Nicholas  Cradock,  Thomas  Eyre,  Tliomas 
Gatty,  John  Flamank  clerk,  John  WaUis,  William  Ough,  and  Richard  Arthur;  and  Charles 
Raslileigh,  Esq.  was  appointed  the  first  town  clerk,  and  the  mayor  for  the  time  being  clerk  of 
the  market.  To  the  mayor,  the  thirty-six  capital  burgesses,  and  common  clerk  was  given  the 
power  of  electing  the  mayor,  town  clerk,  and  bm"gesses  in  Parhament,  and  of  filling  up  all 
vacancies  in  the  number  of  the  corporate  body.  Any  who  refused  to  serve  might  be  fined.  A 
Court  of  Record  might  be  held  every  Monday-  before  the  mayor  and  town  clerk,  or  one  of  them 
and  the  deputy  of  the  other,  at  which  might  be  held  all  manner  of  pleas  not  exceeding  100^.  The 
mayor  might  appoint  two  sergeants-at-mace  for  executing  proclamations,  arrests,  &c.  No  sheriff 
to  enter  without  leave.  The  corporation  was  granted,  to  the  use  of  the  community,  all  waife  and 
chattels  of  felons,  and  the  assize  and  assay  of  bread,  wine,  ale,  &c.,  and  of  measures  and  weights. 
A  Saturday  market  and  tliree  fairs  :  1st,  on  St.  Nicholas'  day,  and  eve,  and  morrow :  2nd,  on 
Wednesday  before  Pentecost,  and  Thursday  and  Friday  following  ;  3rd,  on  the  Feast  of  St.  Paul's 
Conversion,  and  eve,  and  morrow.  Mayor  to  be  coroner.  And  tlie  corporation  was  empowered 
to  hold  manors  and  lands  not  exceeding  the  yearly  value  of  40/.,  but  not  m  capite ;  in  considera- 
tion of  which,  and  the  other  privileges  granted  by  the  charter,  which  oiu-  space  will  not  allow  us  to 
advert  to  in  more  detail,  the  mayor  and  burgesses  were  to  pay  the  ancient  fee-farm-rent  of  bl.  10s. 
annually  into  the  exchequer. 

This  charter  is  said  to  have  been  drawn  by  Mr.  Rashleigh,  the  then  town  clerk,  and  settled 
by  Sir  Vicary  Gibbs,  at  that  time  Attorney-General.* 

At  the  time  of  the  Reform  Act  of  1832  Bodmin  retained  its  two  burgesses,  but  the  town  had 
incorporated  with  it  for  parliamentary  purposes  the  adjoining  parishes  of  Helland,  Lanivet,  and 
Lanhjdrock.  The  Act  of  1 868,  however,  deprived  it  of  one  of  its  representatives  without  altering 
the  boundaries  of  the  parliamentar\-  borough. 

*  Bodmin  Reg.  p.  180. 


HISTORICAL  INCIDENTS.  119 

HISTORICAL  INCIDENTS. 

Our  notice  of  historical  occurrences  connected  witli  tlie  town  of  Bodmin  must  necessarily  be 
very  brief;  nevertheless,  it  may  be  of  interest  to  mention  a  few  incidents  of  some  importance,  not 
elsewhere  alluded  to,  though  not  entirely  local ;  and,  in  other  cases,  to  show  the  effect  upon  the 
town  of  great  political  and  social  changes. 

The  inhabitants  of  Cornwall  have  been  somewhat  forward  in  times  of  excitement  to  assert  by 
force  what  they  believed  their  rights.  This  has  been  exemplified  by  corn  riots  and  other  popular 
demonstrations.  Tlie  earliest  rising,  however,  which  assumed  any  political  importance,  was  that 
in  1497,  for  the  purpose  of  resisting  the  collection  of  a  subsidy  by  King  Henry  VII.  The 
original  leaders  in  this  insurrection  were  Thomas  Flamank,  said  to  be  a  lawyer,  and  Michael 
Joseph,  a  blacksmith,  both  of  Bodmin.  Having  led  the  Cornish  insurgents  into  Somersetshire, 
they  were  joined,  at  Wells,  by  the  Lord  Audley,  and  proceeding  to  London,  for  the  purpose 
of  delivering  their  petition  to  the  King  for  the  removal  of  his  councillors,  they  were  defeated  at 
Blacklieath,  after  showing  great  personal  bravery,  with  the  loss  of  2000  men.  The  Lord  Audley, 
Flamank,  and  Michael  Joseph  were  taken  prisoners.  The  former  was  beheaded  on  Tower  Hill, 
and  the  two  Cornish  men  hanged,  drawn,  and  quartered  at  Tyburn,  on  the  24th  June,  1497* 

In  the  month  of  September  following,  Bodmin  again  became  the  scene  of  excitement  and 
the  seat  of  a  new  insurrection.  The  unfortmiate  personage  known  in  history  as  Perkin  Warbeck 
arrived  in  Whitsan  Bay  from  Ireland,  and,  proceeding  to  Bodmin,  caused  himself  to  be  there 
proclaimed  Richai-d  IV.  King  of  England.  A  l)ody  of  3000  men  flocked  to  his  standard.  Placing 
himself  at  the  head  of  this  force,  after  sending  his  wife  to  St.  Michael's  Mount  for  safety,  he 
marched  into  Devonshire  and  laid  siege  to  Exeter.  The  citizens  defended  the  place  with  great 
bravery,  and  the  enemy  having  burnt  North-gate,  and  forced  an  entrance  into  East-gate,  even  as 
far  as  Castle  Lane,  was  gallantly  foiled  and  driven  back  with  great  slaughter. f  Hearing  of  the 
approach  of  the  Royal  Army,  Perkin  raised  the  siege,  and  afterwards  fell  into  the  King's  hands. 
After  having  been  subjected  to  much  contumely  he  was  eventually  hanged  at  Tyburn  in  1497. 

It  appears  from  the  accounts  of  the  Receivers-general  for  the  year  ending  on  the  feast  of 
St.  Francis,  24  Hen.  VII.,  that  a  certain  Thomas  Vaughan  had  slain  one  John  George,  and  had 
escaped.  There  is  an  acknowledgment  of  the  receipt  from  one  Peter  Bowden  of  the  sum  of  iij  ^  iiij ''. 
in  part  payment  of  the  rent-charge  which  William  Vaughan,  brother  of  Thomas,  had  granted  unto 
divers  men  upon  his  brother's  escape,  for  permitting  which  escape  the  mayor  and  burgesses  were 
subjected  to  a  fine  of  100s.  to  the  crown.     In  respect  to  this  crime  we  find  the  following  items  : — 

Item.  I-paide  and  p'yn  to  John  Walshe  is  suantcs  when  they  had  deliued 

puy  scale  to  Maier  vppon  the  fyne  for  escape  of  Thomas  Vaughan     .    xij' 

It.  I-paide  to  the  Maier  for  his  Costys  to  ryde  to  Truru  for  the  payment 

of  the  C  to  John  Walshe  ........    xij'' 

•  The  King  was  once  in  mind  to  have  sent  down  Flanimock  and  the  Idaiksniitli  to  have  been  executed  in  Cornwall  for 
the  more  terror;  but,  being  advertised  that  the  country  was  yet  unquiet  and  boiling,  he  thought  better  not  to  irritate  the 
people  further. — (Lord  Vernlam's  Life  o£  Henry  VII.,  Kennet's  Collection,  vol.  i.  p.  619.) 

t  Oliver's  History  of  E.\eter,  p.  86. 


y 


120  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 

On  lltli  May,  1519,  Eichard  Lathian  of  Bodniin  was  granted  a  pai'don*  for  the  murder  of 
his  groom,  Henry  Eawljn,  it  having  been  proved  before  Jolm  Gh'ii,  coroner,  that  tlie  said  Henry 
provoked  the  said  Eichard,  who  struck  him  with  a  "  smj-thes  ladell." 

The  Commissioners  for  the  Town  of  Bodmin  for  coUecting  the  great  subsidy  granted  in  1523 
on  account  of  the  war  with  France  were  :  the  mayor,  Thomas  Trott,  John  White,  Jolm  Trelygh, 
Eobert  Stergyn,  and  John  Glyn.f 

Again  in  1549  in  Bodmin  was  formed  the  nucleus  of  an  insurrection  in  the  West,  which, 
combined  with  a  similar  rising  in  the  North  and  in  other  parts  of  the  country,  threatened  to 
sh'angle  the  Eeformation  in  its  cradle,  and  which,  if  successfid,  would  have  changed  the  whole 
tenor  of  English  history.  There  can  be  no  doubt  that  the  proceedings  of  Henry  YIII.  in  the 
suppression  of  the  religious  houses,  and  the  policy  of  his  successor  in  encouraging  the  inclosm-e 
of  waste  lands,  were  exceedingly  unpopular,  generally,  among  the  people.  Great  disturbaiices 
occurred  in  various  parts  of  the  coimtiy.  Eesistanee  was  oflPered  everywhere.  The  men  of 
Cornwall  were  not  backward.  At  the  summons  of  Humplu'ey  Arundel  of  Heliand  many 
gentlemen  of  family  and  estate  and  many  stout  yeomen  assembled  at  Bodmin,  Henry  Bray,  the 
mayor,  being  one  of  the  chief  leaders.  Hence  they  marched  into  Devonshire,  whither  Lord 
Eussell  had  been  sent  to  suppress  them.  He,  however,  was  more  inclined  to  treat  than  to  fight. 
The  Cornish  men  embodied  their  demands  in  fifteen  articles,  which  Eussell  pledged  himself  to  lay 
before  the  King  and  Council.  The  first  seven,  in  substance,  contained  a  demand  for  the  restoration 
of  the  old  religion,  and  that  the  new  serrice  "  should  be  laid  aside,  which  the  memorialists  stated 
was  like  a  Clu-istmas  game."  The  other  ai-ticles  required  that  Dr.  Moreman,  vicar  of  Menheniot, 
should  be  sent  to  them.  Cardinal  Pole  made  of  the  King's  council,  that  every  gentleman  should 
have  only  one  servant  for  every  100  marks  of  rent,  that  half  of  the  abbey  lands  s'hould  be  taken 
back  and  restored  to  two  of  the  chief  abbeys  in  every  county,J  and  that  for  their  particular 
grievances  they  should  be  redressed  as  Humphrey  Arundel  and  Heniy  Bray,  called  the  King's 
Mayor  of  Bodmin, §  should  inform  the  King,  for  whom  they  requested  a  safe-conduct. 

Tlie  insurgents  besieged  Exeter,  which  the  citizens  defended  with  great  bravery  for  thirty-five 
days, II  though  they  were  reduced  to  the  necessity  of  eating  their  horses.^  The  rebels  were 
eventually  defeated  on  Clifton  Heath  on  7th  Aug.,  and  piu-sued  with  great  slaughter  to  Launces" 
ton.  Arundel,  Sir  Thomas  Pomeroy,  the  mayor  of  Bodmin,  and  other  leaders,  though  they 
escaped  for  the  time,  were  subsequently  arrested  and  sent  before  the  council,  and  were  afterwards 
executed.  The  royal  army  under  Sir  Anthony  Kingston,  the  Provost  Marshal,  pursued  the 
flying  Cornish  men  into  the  county,  and  with  gross  treacheiy,  breach  of  hospitality,  and  brutality, 
hanged  Nicholas  Boyer  (who  had  been  elected  mayor  of  Bodmin  in  succession  to  Bray,  and  who 
had  also  been  present  at  the  battle  of  Clifton,)  before  his  own  door.** 

During  the  rebellion  of  the  seventeenth  century,  the  exposed  situation  of  Bodmin  and  its 

*  Pat.  Rolls,  11  Henrr  YUI.  part  i.  m.  22.  f  State  Papers,  Dom.  1523. 

J  Bamet's  Hist,  of  the  Reformation,  vol.  ii.  116.  §  Strype's  Memorials,  vol.  i.  p.  186,  and  App.  113. 

II  Oliver's  Hist,  of  Exeter,  p.  97.  %  JIaclean's  Life  of  Sir  Peter  Carew,  p.  lix. 

**  For  an  interesting  detail  of  these  transactions  see  a  paper  in  the  Journal  of  the  Kov.  Inst.  Cornwall,  No.  III.  36. 


HISTORICAL  INCIDENTS.  121 

central  position  led  to  its  frequent  occupation  by  each  of  the  contending  parties  in  quick  succession. 
Tlie  King  raised  liis  standard  at  Nottingham  on  25th  August  1(342.*  In  the  month  of  September 
Sir  Ralpli  Hopton,  with  a  small  force  of  120  horse,  marched  into  Cornwall,  and  was  immediately 
joined  by  Sir  Bevil  Grrenville,  who  conducted  him  into  the  western  parts  of  the  county,  as  being 
the  best  affected  to  the  royal  cause,  the  eastern  parts  being  much  influenced  by  Sir  Alexander 
Carew  of  Antony  and  Sir  Richard  Buller,  then  knights  of  the  shire  in  Parliament.f 

In  the  beginning  of  November,  Sir  Ralph  Hopton  being  at  Pendennisat  the  head  of  500  men, 
"  a  body  of  500  or  600  fishermen,  with  their  wives,  armed  with  spits,  clubs,  and  stones,  in  a  violent 
and  rustic  manner  attacked  Bodmin  and  plundered  the  inhabitants  of  all  their  jilatc  and 
pewter."! 

In  the  month  of  January  1642-3  Bodmin  was  the  head  quarters  of  Sir  Ralph  Hopton, 
whence,  on  the  19th  January,  he  marched  out  to  meet  the  Lord  Grey  de  Ruthyn,  over  whom 
he  obtained  a  complete  victory  on  Bradoke  Down,  and  chased  him  out  of  the  county  with  the  loss 
of  1,250  prisoners,  most  of  his  colours,  and  all  his  cannon.  Through  the  moderation  of  the 
General  there  was  but  little  bloodshed,  so  that  the  Parliamentai'y  troops  designated  Cornwall  as 
"  the  land  of  mercy. "§     This  success  made  the  King  master  of  the  county. 

An  effort  was  now  made  by  some  of  the  Cornish  gentry  attached  to  the  Parliament  to 
establish  a  treaty,  having  for  its  object  the  preservation  of  the  peace  in  the  counties  of  Devon 
and  Cornwall.  Such  a  tteaty  was  actually  entered  into,  and  was  confirmed  by  the  most  solemn 
oaths  ;  but  the  Parliament  would  not  allow  of  it,  and  speedily  took  means  to  break  uj)  the  pacifi- 
cation. In  the  month  of  April  the  Earl  of  Stamford  entered  Cornwall  with  a  large  body  of  horse, 
and  took  up  a  position  near  Stratton.  Hopton,  with  such  force  as  he  had  at  his  disposal,  was  at 
Launceston,  and  the  fii^st  object  of  the  Parliamentary  general  was  to  prevent  reinforcements  from 
reaching  him.  Accordingly,  Sir  George  Chudleigh,  with  a  considerable  body  of  horse,  was 
despatched  to  surprise  Bodmin,  and  pi-event  the  sheriff  from  marching  with  the  trained  bands  to 
join  the  King's  army.  On  the  5th  May  Sir  Ralph  Hopton  and  Sir  Bevil  Gren\-ille,  with  a  force 
of  3000  men,  attacked  Lord  Stamford  on  a  hill  near  Stratton,  and,  notwithstanding  the 
disadvantage  l)oth  in  numbers  and  jwsition,  completely  routed  the  Parliamentary  troops,  leaving 
300  dead  on  the  field,  and  taking  1700  prisoners,  among  whom  were  Major-General  Chudleigh 
and  thirty  other  officers.  .  This  was  one  of  the  most  brilliant  victories  achieved  by  the  Royal 
forces  during  the  war,  and  was  the  immediate  occasion  of  the  King's  letter  of  thanks  to  the 
inhabitants  of  Cornwall.  || 

*  Clarendon,  i.  719. 

f  Clarendon  states  tluit  tliciv  was  in  this  county,  as  thvonghout  the  whole  kingdiiiii,a  woudcrfiil  and  superstitions 
reverence  towards  the  name  of  Parliament,  and  a  prejudice  to  the  power  of  the  Coui't;  yet  a  full  suliniissif>n  and  love  of  the 
established  goverinnent  of  Church  and  State,  especially  to  that  part  of  the  Church  as  concerned  the  Liturgy  or  IJook  of 
Common  Prayer,  which  was  a  general  object  of  veneration  with  the  people.  And  the  jealousy  and  apprehension  that  the 
other  party  intended  to  alter  it  was  a  principal  advancement  of  the  King's  eanse. — Clarendon,  book  vi.  129. 

f  Brit.  Mus.  Thomason's  Coll.  vol.  Ixx.xii.  Lond.  1642,  4to. 

§  Bod.  Library,  Lond.  1012,  4to.     Brit.  Mus.  Thomason's  Coll.  12,\,  fo.  2G. 

\\  On  4th  Sept.  1643,  Sir  Raljih  Hopton  was  created  Baron  Hopton  of  Stratton,  but  he  died  1652  s.p.  and  the  title 
became  extinct. 

.     2i 


122 


PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 


!l 


^' 


It  is  doubtful  whether  the  design  of  Sir  George  Cliudleigh  upon  Bodmin  was  successfu],  but 
the  burial  register  shows  that  on  or  about  the  16th  May,  1643,  a  battle  was  fought  in  or  near 
Bodmin.  Under  that  date,  we  read  : — "  Weare  Buried  10  men  that  weare  killed  in  fight  Between 
the  Boy:  aud  tlie  Militia,  whereof  was  Captaiue  Kendall  of  Lestitliiell."  Twenty-four  other 
militia  men  were  bui-ied  during  the  month  of  May,  and  "  two  souldiers  of  Captaine  Blight."* 

Nothing  further  of  importance  occurred  until  the  following  year,  when  the  Earl  of  Essex  was 
sent  into  Cornwall  with  the  hope  that  by  this  demonstration,  and  through  the  influence  of  the 
Lord  Robartes  and  other  opponents  of  the  King,  something  might  be  done  to  weaken  the  loyalty 
of  the  Cornish  people.  He  entered  the  county  on  the  20th  July  1644.  Ha^-ing  seized  Laiuiceston 
and  Saltash,  he  marched  to  Bodmin  and  took  possession  of  that  town,  and  afterwards  of  Lostwithiel 
and  Fowey. 

The  King,  however,  quickly  came  to  the  rescue.  He  crossed  the  Tamer  at  Poulstan  Bridge 
on  1st  August,  and  slept  at  the  house  of  Mi-.  Manaton  in  Lezant.  On  the  day  foUowiug  he 
marched  to  Liskeard,  where  he  received  intelligence  that  Essex  was  at  Bodmin.  On  the  8th  the 
King's  army  encamped  on  Bradoke  Down,  the  scene  of  the  defeat  of  the  Lord  Grey  de  Rutliyn 
two  years  before.  On  the  10th  news  reached  the  King  that  Sir  Richard  Grenville's  army  was  at 
Bodmin,  and  had  forced  an  entrance.  Essex  had  removed  his  head  quarters  a  few  days  before, 
but  had  left  100  troopers,  whom  Grenville  found  plundering  the  inhabitants.  On  the  following 
day  Grenville  joined  the  King,  leaving  his  army  at  Bodmin  raising  works  as  if  they  would  fortify 
the  town;  but  in  the  night  they  withdrew  and  joined  the  King's  force.  On  the  31st  a  severe 
skirmish  occiu-red  near  Tywardreth.  The  King  lay  at  night  under  a  hedge  in  the  field.  The 
Parliamentary  forces  now  capitulated,  and  were  allowed  to  march  away,  leaving  all  their  cannon, 
muskets,  and  pikes.  Tlie  King  and  the  Royal  troops  were  unable  to  protect  the  Parliamentarians 
from  ill  usage  of  the  country  people.  On  6th  Sept.  the  King  finally  left  the  comity,  and  was  able 
to  say  to  Sir  Francis  Bassett,  "  Mr.  Sheriff,  I  leave  the  county  in  peace  in  your  hands." 

In  the  montli  of  February  1645  Sir  Thomas  Faii-fax  with  a  large  force  entered  the  county 
aud  occupied  Launceston.  The  headquarters  of  the  King's  army  were  at  this  time  at  Bodmin. 
On  1st  March  the  Parliamentary  forces  marched  fi'om  Launceston  to  Blisland,  "within  three 
miles  of  Bodman."  "  When,"  says  the  account,  "  wee  were  come  very  neere  to  Blisland  the 
enemies  horse  appeared  upon  the  Down  near  Bodman  within  halfe  a  mile  of  us  :  But  our  horse 
drawing  up  towards  them  they  retreated.  A  little  before  this  wee  were  advertised  that  two 
troops  of  oiu"  dragoons,  which  were  commanded  on  friday  to  Davidstow,  were  engaged  by  600 
of  the  enemies  horse.  Uj)on  this  Lieut. -General  Cromwell  ordered  two  regiments  of  horse  and 
the  rest  of  the  dragoons  to  advance  for  their  relief,  himself  commanding  them."  On  the  following 
day  Cromwell  secured  "  Warebridge  "  witliout  resistance,t  and  the  King's  forces  ha\"ing  evacuated 


*  In  the  autumn  of  this  year  we  find  charges  in  the  JIayor's  accounts  for  filling  the  trenches:  e.g. 

Oct.  Paid  W"  Slorme  and  John  Dyer  for  carting  the  rubble  into  the  trenches 

Oct.  6.  More  12  journeys  and  half  about  the  trenches 

t  ••  The  Western  Informer,"  7th  March,  1645.    King's  pamphlets,  Brit.  Mus.  102,  a.  69. 


s.  d. 
1  4 
3     4 


HISTORICAL  INCIDENTS.  123 

Bodmin  it  was  occupied  by  the  Parliamentary  army,  who  made  it  tlieir  liead  quarters  for  several 
days.*  Hopton  retreated  westward,  aud  on  the  14th  of  the  same  month  was  compelled  to  surrender 
at  Truro. 

The  Prince  was  at  this  time  in  Cornwall,  as  shown  by  various  entries  in  the  Bodmin  Mayors' 
Accounts.!  The  writer  in  the  "VYestem  Informer,  above  referred  to,  iinder  the  date  of  the  2nd  of 
March,  says :  "  Wee  received  intelligence  just  now  that  the  Prince  tooke  shipping  jit  Falmouth, 
and  is  gone  for  France,  with  many  more  gentlemen,  yesterday  night." 

The  accounts  of  the  town  contain   many  entries  of  much  interest — some   political — some 

municipal — and  others  convivial.     Of  the  political  entries  the  first  is  somewhat  singular,  as  it 

combines  also  the  convivial,  and  commemorates  various  different  events.     It  is  a  charge  for  wine 

drunk  in  the  mayoralty  year  1683-4 — at  the  late  blessed  King's  recovery; J  at  his  Majesty's 

Proclamation  and  Coronation  days  ;  §     on  the  news  of  the   rebels  having  been  beaten  ;  ||    the 

bringing  home  of  the  charter  ;  IT  "the  wine  presented  to  the  officers  of  the  train  bands  and  the 

Lord  of  Radnor  in  my  absence  the  Extraordinary,  at  two  law  Courts ; "  and   the  Communion 

Wine,  33/.  6s.  6d. 

£    s.    <l 
1686-7.  Spent  at  the  King's  Proclamation  for  ToUerance  at  Mr. 

Blight's** 0     7     6 

1687-8.  Spent  on  the  news  of  the  birth  of  the  Princeft  on  the 

ringers  at  Mr.  Brabin's       .         .         .         .         .  .10     0 

1688-9.  We  find  the  town  ready  to  celebrate,  though  aj)parently 

not  with  equal  ardour,  the  proceedings  of  the  Prince  of 

Orange.     In  this  year  we  find  a  charge  of  5s.  to  the 

ringers  when  the  Prince  published  his  Declai'ation,  J  J 

•  Letter  to  the  Hon.  W.  Lenthall,  dated  from  Bodmin,  8  March,  1(;45.  King's  pamphlets,  Brit.  Mus.  102,  a.  OS. 
Summons  to  Sir  Raljih  Hoptiin  from  Bodmin,  Ti  March,  1G45.     Idem  102,  a.  70. 

f  1645-6.  Payd  Richard  Ley,  27  Sept.,  for  caiTiage  of  a  post  letter  unto  the  Prince  at  Trurowe,  3s. 
Payd  him  the  30"'  of  the  same  month  for  carriage  of  another  to  Michell,  2s. 
Payd  Ley,  the  first  of  Octoher,  for  carriage  of  a  post  letter  for  the  Prince  at  Foy. 
31  Oct.  Payd  for  a  post  letter  to  Truro  from  the  Prince. 

X  Charles  II.  was  suddenly  seized  with  illness  on  the  2nd  February,  1683-4.  On  the  4th  the  Lords  of  the  Council 
issued  a  proclamation,  stating  that  his  Majesty  was  in  a  condition  of  safety;  nevertheless  he  died  on  the  6th. 

§  James  II.  was  of  cour.so  proclaimed  immediately  that  the  death  of  his  brother  became  known  at  Bodmin,  and  the 
coronation  took  place  on  the  23rd  April. 

II  This  refers  to  the  defeat  of  the  Duke  of  Monmouth  and  his  adherents  at  Sedgemoor,  near  Bridgwater,  on  the  6th  .July. 

^  The  charter  of  James  II.  dated  at  Westminster  27th  March,  1685. 

**  On  the  4tli  and  27tb  April  the  King  published  declarations  of  liberty  of  conscience.  The  indulgence  extended  to 
both  Ui-sscnters  and  Romanists,  and  the  proclamation  was  received  with  joy  by  the  more  vehement  sectaries,  as  the  Anabap- 
tists and  "  a  sort  of  refined  Quakers,"  as  Evelyn  calls  them;  but  the  moderate  Nonconformists  sent  no  addresses  of  thanks. 
(Annals  of  England,  iii.  99.) 

ft  The  Prince  of  Wales,  bom  at  St.  James's  lOlh  .lune,  1688,  baptized  on  15th  Oct.  by  the  name  of  James  Francis 
Kdward. 

%X  Published  on  loth  October. 


I2i  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 

£     s.     d. 
and  on  the  11th  June  following  an  item  for  beer  at  tlie 

bonfire  when  the  Prince  and  Princess  were  proclaimed 
King  and  Queen. 
1707-8.  Given  to  ringers  on  the  Duke  of  Marlborough's  success  in 
,  Flanders  ........ 

1713-4.  Beer  at  the  "  Butterhouse  "  on  the  proclamation  of  King 
Joerge      ......... 

1715-6.  Given  to  the  Ringers  on  the  news  of  the  Defeat  of  .the 
Rebels  in  Lancashire  *...... 

Given  to  the  Ringers  on  the  news  of  the  defeat  of  the 
rebels  in  Scotland        ....... 

1748-9.  Feby.  9.  A  Proclamation  ofthe  definitive  Treaty  of  Peace,! 

then  spent ..         ......         .fi78 

1745.  Paid  the  Ringers  on  account  of  success  against  the  rebels    .       0     5     0 

The   entries  relating  to  municipal  matters  are  very  numerous  and    some   of   them   have 
been  already  noticed  in  notes  to  this  work.     Others  are  very  obscure. 

6  &  7  Henry  VIII.     I  paide  to  John   Flamauk  &   Tliomas  Nott, 

burgesses  of  the  Parliament        .....         xiij* 
1671-2.   Mr.  Hoblyn,  rent  allowed  toward  the  chance  of  the  Quo 

Warranto 200 

1676-7.   Lent  Mr.  Francis  Blight  on  the  townes  behalf  towards  the 
carrying  on  the  Yarne  Market;]: .  .... 

1 688-9.  Oct.  24.  Paide  Charles  Hedge  for  repairing  y'=  Stocks  and 

the  Beam  house  door .         .         .         .         .         .         .020 

Jan^.  11.   Paid  the  CoUectors  of  the  Poll  Bill.         .  .10     0 

1691-2.  It.  gave  the  Earle  of  Radnor's  ser\-ants  when  they  brought 

the  Coronet  for  the  Mare 0     5     0 

Paid  Humplu-y  Crossman  for  carriage  of  plants  for  Momit- 

folly 010 

For  Wine  at  Chi-istmas  Sacrament .         .   1  17     6 
at  Easter  „         .         .566 


at  Whit  sontide     „         .         .    0  18  10 


in  all     8     2  10 


1694-5.   Paid  Mrs.  Blight  for  Communion  Wine           .         .          .     11     3     3 
1697-8.  About  Election  of  Burgesses 87  14  11 

*  The  Jacobites  surreudered  at  Preston  on  13th  November.  On  the  same  day  was  fought  the  battle  of  Dumblanc. 
which  was  in  itself  undecisive,  as  botli  parties  claimed  the  victory. 

t  The  peace  of  Aix-la-Chapel!e,  which  was  the  canse  of  great  rejoicings  throughout  the  country. 

X  It  seems  to  have  been  a  usual  practice  for  the  mayor  to  advance  moneys  to  the  burgesses  upon  their  bonds  to  assist 
them  in  their  business. 


BOBMIN  CUSTOMS.  125 

£    s.    d. 

1698-0.  For  postage  of  news  letters 0  14     8 

1699-1700.   For  putting  the  Towne  arms  on  the  flagons        .         .026 

The  Mayor  of  Bodmin  and  liis  "worshipful  twenty-four"  seem  freely  to  have  indulged  in 
the  pleasures  of  the  table.  The  mayor  had  an  allowance  for  his  kitchen,  usually  about  30/.  per 
annum,  and  if  on  any  occasion  a  distinguished  guest  was  entertained  the  wine  consumed  was 
charged  to  the  Town  Revenues.  Of  this  we  have  numerous  examples,  as  shown  by  the  following 
extracts  : — 

£    s.     d. 
1673-4.  Payed  for  wine  at  the  Lord  Bishop's  going   west   and 

coming  back      .         .         .         .         .         .         .         .  1   10  0 

1691-2.  June  24.  P'^  for  wine  at  the  Lord  Sands  coming  here  .  13  0 
It.  spent  at  my  house  to  treat  the  Earl  of  Radnor,  M''  Hobb  being 

mayor        .         .         .         .         .         .         .         .         .  1   15  0 

And  wine  for  general  purposes  was  a  common  charge.  On  public  occasions  we  find  frequent 
charges  for  wine,  beer,  and  cyder. 

1670.   Paid  for  beer  and  cakes  at  the  cutting  out  of  the  Leate  at      £    .t.    d. 
Halscaver    ,..,...,. 

o 

1686-7.   It.  wine  presented  to  the  Earl  of  Bathe    .         .         .         .14     0 
For  4  bottles  of  Clarett  &  2  Bottles  of  Sack  at  the  "  Butter- 
house  "  on  the  .5  Novr 0     8     0 

1690-1.  For  4  bottles  of  Wine  presented  to  Mr.  Robarts  and  other 

gentlemen  at  tiie  Riding       .         .         .         .         .         .080 

January  28.  Itm.   druncht  in  wine  att  my  house  by  the  Mayor  & 

Company  on  y"  news  of  the  petition  being  withdrawn   .       2     3     0 

^W'  have  also  numerous  Charges  for  Venison. 

1699-1700.   Gave  Pensley  Parker  when  he  bro'  a  Venison     . 

Gave  Lanhydrock  Parker  for  the  same 
1702-3.  Given  Pincheley  Parker  for  a  Venisin     ... 
Given  Major-General  Trelawncy's  men  for  the  same 
1704-5.   Oct.  15.   I  gave  M^  firancis  Robartes'  Parker  &  Major- 
General  TrelawTiey's  Ser'^  for  2  Vennisons    . 
Such  entries  occur  frequently  for  several  years.     Some  of  them  are  interesting,  as  showing 
that  Pincheley  Park,  in  Cardinham,  was  not  at  this  time  disparkcd. 

The  accounts  afford  also  evidence  of  entertainments  given  to  the  mayor  and  common  council 
by  some  of  the  neighbouring  gentry,  which  is  shown  by  the  largess  given  to  the  servants  of  those 

establishments  on  the  occasion  :  <•.  q. 

£    s.   d. 
1681-2.   Bestowed  on  the   Servants  at  Glyn  when  the  company 

were  there  at  Christmas       .         .         .         .         •         .15     0 

2k 


0  10 

0 

0  10 

0 

0  10 

0 

0  10 

0 

£    s. 

(/. 

1     0 

0 

1     0 

0 

0 

11 

0 

1 

0 

0 

1 

0 

0 

126  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 


1688-9.  Gave  to  the  Major  Glynn's  servants  att  Xtmas 
Jan>'  11.   Gave  to  the  Earl  of  Radnor's  servants 
1(J90.  March  4.  It.  our  Aldermen  &  Common  Councilmen  dyned 

witli  Major  Glynn,  then  I  gave  the  servants  .         .10     0 

1702-3.  Given  to  M''  Mountstevenses  servants  at  a  treat  for  y' 
Gentlewomen       ........ 

1705-6.   Oct.  25.  It.  given  to  the  servants  att  Stower  hill 

It.  given  to  the  serv''  at  Penhai'gett         .... 


BODMIN  CUSTOMS. 

Several  peculiar  customs  have,  from  a  remote  date,  prevailed  in  this  town.  Most  of  tliem 
have  now  fallen  into  disuse,  and  it  is  desirable  to  preserve  a  record  of  them  before  they  are  alto- 
gether lost  from  memory.  This  has  been  done,  to  some  extent,  though  in  a  desultory  way,  by 
T.  Q.  Couch,  Esq.,  surgeon,  of  Bodmin,  a  zealous  and  painstaking  antiquary ;  but  a  history  of 
Bodmin  would  be  incomplete  if  it  preserved  not  some  memorials  of  these  by-gone  usages. 

The  Curfew. — The  custom  which  first  claims  our  notice  is  the  ancient  practice  of  ringing  the 
curfew  bell.  The  name  is  supposed  to  be  derived  from  eoucre  feu,  because  it  was  required  that 
about  sunset  in  summer,  and  about  eight  or  nine  o'clock  in  winter,  every  person  should  cover  up 
his  fire  at  the  ringing  of  a  bell.*  The  custom  is  said  to  have  been  introduced  by  the  Norman  * 
Conqueror ;  but,  inasmuch  as  it  prevailed  in  Scotland,  France,  Spain,  and  other  countries  never 
subjected  to  the  domination  of  the  Normans,  such  an  opinion  is  scarcely  sustainable.  Moreover, 
the  practice  is  probably  more  ancient  in  this  comitry  than  the  Norman  Conquest.  The  object,  in 
addition  to  protection  from  fire,  was  doubtless  the  preservation  of  discijiline  and  good  order  in 
towns.  At  the  ringing  of  the  curfew  every  person  was  expected  to  retire  to  his  own  liome.  In 
the  "  Liber  Albus  "f  of  the  City  of  London  it  is  forbidden  that  any  person  shall  be  so  daring  as  to 
be  found  going  or  wandering  about  the  streets  of  the  city  after  curfew  rmig  out  at  St.  Martin's-le- 
Grand,  and  St.  Laurence,  or  at  Berkyuge  chirche,  unless  it  be  some  great  lord  or  other  substan- 
tial person  of  good  reputation,  or  a  person  of  their  household,  who  from  them  shall  have  warauntry, 
and  who  is  going  from  one  to  another  with  a  light  to  guide  him.  It  was  prescribed  that  ;uiy 
otFender  against  this  law  shall  be  taken  by  tlie  keepers  of  the  peace  and  put  into  the  "  Tun, "J  which 
for  such  misdoers  is  assigned,  and  to  be  brought  the  following  day  before  the  lord  mayor  and 
aldermen  for  punishment.  The  doors  of  taverners  and  brewers  were  also  directed  to  be  shut  at 
the  ringing  of  this  beO,  and  no  person  afterwards  admitted. 

*  An  ancient  and  curious  instrument  for  covering  and  extinguishing  fires,  called  a  curfew  or  couvre-feu,  is  figured  in 
the  "  Antiquarian  Repertory,''  vol.  i.  p.  89. 

■f  Liber  Albus,  p.  :iiO.  J  For  nightwalkers ;  a  prison  in  Cornhill. 


BODMIN  CUSTOMS.  127 

At  Bodiuiu  the  curfew  bell  is  now,  and  always  has  been  from  time  imuieniorial,  rung  at 
eight  o'clock  in  the  evening.  A  bell  formerly  was  rung  at  four  o'clock  in  the  morning,  but  this 
custom  has  for  a  considerable  time  fallen  into  desuetude.  As  early  as  the  year  1696  the  grand 
jury  at  the  law  court  and  general  sessions  of  the  peace,  among  other  thinys,  presented  the  sexton 
for  irregularity  in  respect  to  this  bell  ;*  and  in  another  presentment  of  about  the  same  date  the 
object  of  the  bell  is  said  to  be  "  the  warning  of  prentices  and  others." 

Bodmin  Rid'uig. — A  ceremony  of  great  antiquity,  so  called,  was  celebrated  with  considerable 
notoriety  down  nearly  to  the  close  of  the  last  century,  after  which  it  degenerated  iuto  mere 
revelry.  The  origin  and  intention  of  it  are  unknown,  but  there  is  a  sort  of  tradition  that  it  com- 
memorated the  recovery  of  the  relics  of  St.  Petrock  after  they  had  been  stolen  from  the  prior'y 
church  in  1177.  The  festival  commenced  on  the  Sunday  nearest  tlie  anniversary  of  the  martyrdom 
of  St.  Thomas  of  Canterbmy  (Becket)  which  was  observed  on  July  7th.  The  inhabitants 
appeared  at  church  in  great  numbers  decorated  with  ribbons,  &c.  On  the  following  day  there 
was  a  grand  procession,  in  which  the  principal  inhabitants  of  the  town  and  the  gentlemen  of  the 
neighbourhood  took  part.  The  procession  was  divided  into  classes,  and  each  of  the  classes  bore 
the  emblems  of  their  professions  and  crafts,  being  a  remnant  of  the  ancient  guilds.  They  first 
went  to  the  priory  and  received  from  the  hands  of  the  master  of  the  house,  who  was  supposed  to 
represent  the  prior,  a  garland  of  flowers,  and  a  pole  decorated  with  flowers,  ribbons,  &c.  whioli 
they  had  previously  deposited  there.  These  were  borne  by  two  men,  preceded  hy  musicians,  at  the 
head  of  tlie  procession,  which  in  this  manner  perambirlated  the  town,  all  who  possibly  could  being 
mounted.t  This  being  done,  they  commenced  the  celebration  of  their  sports  and  games.J  In 
this  merry-making  the  good  old  English  custom  of  a  dinner  was  not  omitted  by  the  mayor  and 
his  brethren. § 

An  interesting  account  of  this  ceremony,  as  it  was  practised  in  its  later  days,  was  contributed 
to  the  Journal  of  the  Royal  Institution  of  Cornwall,  a  few  years  ago,  by  Mr.  Couch.  He  obtained 
his  information  from  these  who  took  part  in  its  latest  celebration. ||  ' 

Some  attempts  have  been  made  to  resuscitate  this  festival,  but  without  effect.  It  seems  to 
be  hopelessly  dead. 

The  Riding  tune  is  annexed  to  Mr.  Couch's  account.  It  is  considered  by  Mr.  Chappell  to  be 
quite  modern. 

Ilalcjaver  Sports. — Some  persons  have  confomided  the  "  Halgaver  Sports"  with  the  "  Riding," 
but  they  were  altogether  distinct,  and  kept  at  different  times,  though  in  the  same  month. IT  Carew 
mentions  the  sports  in  these  words  : — "  The  youthlyer  sort  of  Bodmyn  townsmen  vsc  sometimes 

*  "  Wee  present  the  Sexton  for  not  constantly  Ringing  the  Bell  at  foure  of  the  Clock  in  the  morning  and  eight  in  tlic 
Eveninge." — Municij/al  Jtecordx. 

■f  The  "Riding  Ildc  "  is  mcntioiiod  in  connection  with  the  rehuilding  of  the  church  and  the  erection  of  Berry  Tower. 
Sec  ante.  %  British  .Museum,  Additional  MS.  !)417,  ISC. 

§   1(')90-1.  For  two  bottles  of  wine  and  two  of  sydcr  for  M'  Roliarts  at  the  Riding. 
1700-7.  A  venison  to  the  Riding  from  M'  Robarts. 

II  Journal,  No.  II.  .56.  ^   Survey  of  Coniwall,  ]>.  IL'C. 


128  PARISH  OF  BODMIX. 

to  sport  themselues,  by  pla}nng  the  box  witli  strangers,  whom  thej  summon  to  Halgauer.  The 
name  signifieth  '  Goat's  Moore,'  and  such  a  place  it  is,  lying  a  little  without  the  towne,  and  very 
full  of  quauemires.  When  these  mates  meet  with  any  rawe  seruingman,  or  other  young  master, 
who  may  serue  and  deserue  to  make  pastime,  they  cause  him  to  be  solemnely  arrested  for  his 
appeai-ance  before  the  Maior  of  flalgauer,  where  he  is  charged  with  wearing  one  spurre,  or  going 
^•ntrussed,  or  wanting  a  girdle,  or  some  such  like  felony  ;  and  after  he  hath  been  arraygned  and 
tryed,  with  all  requisite  circumstances,  iudgement  is  given  in  formal  termes,  and  executed  in 
some  one  \-ngracious  pranke  or  other,  more  to  the  skorne  then  hurt  of  the  party  condemned." 

"  Hence  is  sprung  the  prouerb,  when  we  see  one  slouenly  ajipareled :  He  shall  be  presented 
in  Halgauer  Court. 

"  But  now  and  then,"  Carew  continues,  "  they  extend  this  meiTiment  with  the  largest,  to 
the  preiudice  of  oner  credulous  people,  perswading  them  to  fight  with  a  dragon  lurking  in 
Halgauer,*  or  to  see  some  strange  matter  there ;  which  concludeth  at  least  with  a  trayning  them 
into  the  mire." 

These  sports  have  also  been  discontinued. 

Paul's  Pitcher. — The  eve  of  St.  Paul's  day  is  marked  in  this  town  by  a  singular  custom 
called  "  Paul's  Pitcher,"  the  intention  or  origin  of  which  it  is  difficult  to  divine.  The  boys  of 
the  town,  after  nightfall,  slink  along  the  streets  and  hurl  a  pitcher  into  every  house  which  is  left 
incautiously  open.  Mr.  Couch,  a  few  years  ago.  inserted  an  inquiry  in  Xotes  and  Queries  as  to 
the  origin  of  this  practice,  and  whether  it  obtains  elsewhere,  but  it  elicited  no  reply .f 

Grace  Night. — Another  popular  custom  formerly  obtained  in  this  town  called  "  Grace  Night." 
It  was  regulated  by  the  first  Sunday  in  Advent,  and  was  held  on  the  Friday  preceding  it,  e^"idently 
in  commemoration  of  the  sacred  history  of  that  seasou.  The  prophecy  of  a  Branch  in  the  Epistle 
on  the  Sunday  before,  and  the  Gospel  for  Advent  Sunday,  which  describes  our  Saviour's  entry 
into  Jerusalem,  the  midtitude  cutting  branches  from  the  trees  and  strewing  them  in  the  way,  is 
figured  by  the  children  carrying  branches  of  laurel  and  other  evergreens,  usually  denoting  joy  and 
deliverance,  to  their  respective  schools,  where  they  erect  a  sort  of  stage,  and  from  thence  recite 
such  portions  of  Scripture  as  are  suitable  to  the  subject,  in  the  presence  of  their  friends  and 
teachers,  who  regale  them  with  cakes  and  other  refreshments  in  token  of  their  approbation.  This 
account  is  derived  fi-om  a  letter  dated  11th  Jidy  1812,  and  addressed  to  Mr.  Lysons  by  the  Rev. 
Edmund  Gilbert  of  the  Priory.|  The  late  ilr.  John  Wallis,  afterwards  Yicar  of  Bodmin,  gives 
a  somewhat  different  account  of  this  observance, §  saying  it  was  held  on  the  Friday  before  St 
Nicholas'  day ;  and  suggesting  that  the  ceremony  might  be  in  honour  of  St.  Nicholas,  he  being 
regarded  as  the  pati-on  saint  of  children.  Mr.  Wallis  also  says  that  the  children  of  the  grammar 
school  dill  not  take  any  part  in  the  ceremony. 

•  There  is  a  small  natural  ravine  near  the  moor  which  is  still  called  "  The  Dragon  Pit." 

t  Notes  and  Queries,  Second  Series,  vol.  vii.  312.  (1859.) 

I  Brit.  Mus.  Additional  MS.  0417,  fo.  182.  §  n>id.  11420.  fi>.  312. 


BODMIN  CUSTOMS.  129 

Hie  Wassail  Cup. — Nicholas  Sprey,  town  clerk  of  Bodmin,  by  his  will,*  bequeathed 
"  13s.  Ad.  yearly  among  such  good  friends  of  the  better  sort,  inhabitants  of  Bodmin,  as  shall  be 
pleased  to  make,  at  some  convenient  house  in  the  said  borough,  on  Twelfth-day  a  supper,  and  for 
furnishing  a  wassail  cup  with  wyne  and  sugar,  and  from  thence  to  go  tnth  the  cup  to  every 
mayor's  house  yearly  and  for  ever  according  to  the  manner  and  fashion  in  that  kind  accustomed, 
for  the  continuance  of  love  and  neighbourly  meeting  in  tlie  said  town  ;  to  be  paid  out  of  the  rents 
and  yearly  profits  of  a  house  and  stitch  of  land  in  Bore-street,  and  over  against  the  Bore-lane  ; 
and  if  it  be  not  used  every  year  to  revert  to  testator's  heirs." 

The  rent-charge  of  13.v.  Ad.  was  received  by  the  corporation  out  of  the  premises  alluded  to 
until  the  death  of  Mr.  Samuel  Stone  in  1838,  when  the  devisees  under  his  will  objected  to  make 
any  further  payment,  alleging  that  it  was  nothing  more  than  a  free  gift.  The  origin  and  purpose 
of  the  charge  had  been  entirely  forgotten ;  and,  the  conditions  of  the  bequest  having  ceased  to  be 
fulfilled,  the  gift  would  revert  to  the  heirs  of  the  testator  or  their  assigns,  in  accordance  with  the 
terms  of  the  will. 

Viewing  the  Bounds. — Another  custom,  which  has  now  ceased,  deserves  also  to  be  mentioned. 
In  Rogation  tide  it  was  the  practice  of  the  mayor  and  coi-poration  to  perambulate  the  boundaries 
of  the  borough  in  some  state.  His  worship,  mounted  on  horseback,  and  preceded  by  the  common 
Serjeant  and  town  crier  wearing  cocked  hats  and  bearing  their  maces  of  office,  accompanied  by 
some  members  of  the  corj)orate  body  and  principal  inhabitants,  also  on  horseback,  and  attended  by 
a  considerable  number  of  men  and  boys,  proceeded,  as  nearly  as  possible,  along  the  boundary  line. 
They  visited  certain  marked  spots  on  the  boundary  with  special  formalities,  e.g.  Salt  Pool  (at  the 
corner  of  Laucarfe),  Callywith  Black  Pool,  Carminowe  Cross,  &c.  At  these  spots  what  was 
called  a  "hurling"  took  place:  a  quantity  of  buns,  biscuits,  figs,  nuts,  &c.  were  thrown  into  the 
air,  and  formed  the  subject  of  scrambling  and  boisterous  merriment  among  the  boys.  On  one 
occasion  in  the  melee  Mr.  Mayor  had  the  misfortune  to  be  unhorsed  in  Salt  Pool.  Three  hurraghs 
were  then  given  by  the  whole  party,  followed  by  the  shout  "  Thus  far  extends  the  ancient  borough 
of  Bodmin."  These  proceedings  served  to  fix  for  life  in  the  memory  of  the  boys  present  the 
j)osition  of  these  special  boundary  marks.     Tlie  viewing  the  bounds  usually  occupied  two  days.f 

This  old  custom,  like  those  before  mentioned,  and  many  others  which  in  former  times  served  to 
bring  together  persons  of  all  ranks  and  degrees  in  life,  promoting  merriment,  harmony,  and  good- 
fellowship,  had  been  discontinued  after  the  "reformation"  effected  by  the  Eeform  Bill  of  1832  ; 
but  in  the  year  18(;(;,  in  the  mayoralty  of  the  late  Mr.  W.  R.  Hicks,  a  humourist  of  more  than 
local  celebrity,  it  was  renewed,  at  least  for  that  year,  and  carried  out  with  great  spirit. 

*  Proved  in  the  Prerog.  Court  of  Canterbary,  6th  Nov.  1G24.     Byrd,  DC,  and  Clark,  42. 
t  MS.  Depositions  (1818)  in  possession  of  tlio  Author. 


2  L 


130  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 


BODMIN  TOKENS. 

In  early  times  England  possessed  no  copper  coinage.  The  small  change  in  use  consisted  of 
silver  pennies,  half-pennies,  and  fortliings ;  the  scarcity  and  small  size  of  which  caused  consider- 
able inconvenience,  and  led  to  the  introduction  of  foreign  base  metal  and  leaden  tokens  of  English 
manufactui-e.  As  early  as  the  reign  of  Queen  Elizabeth  a  design  was  entertained  for  establishing 
a  copper  coinage  of  convenient  size  and  weight.  It  was,  however,  never  adopted,  and  the  incon- 
venience continued,  imtil,  in  1613,*  Lord  Harrington  was  granted  a  patent  authorising  him  to 
call  in  all  tradesmen's  tokens  and  to  coin  a  brass  money  which  should  be  generally  current  for 
tliree  years;  the  issue,  however,  being  limited  to  25,000/.  Considerable  opposition  was  offered  ; 
but,  on  19  May,  a  proclamation  was  published  prohibiting  the  use  of  tradesmen's  tokens,  f  Lord 
Harrington  died  in  February  following,  and  John  his  son,  the  last  lord,  soon  afterwards,  and,  on 
21  June  1614, J  the  privilege  was  continued  to  Anne  Lady  Harrington. 

Upon  the  termination  of  Lord  Harrington's  patent  a  grant  was  made  to  Edward  Woodward 
and  Thomas  Garret,  goldsmiths  of  London,  for  coining  copper  tokens  for  seven  yeai's ;  all  other 
tokens  being  suppressed.  §  This  term  having  also  expired,  a  similar  privilege  was  granted  to  the 
Duke  of  Lennox  and  the  Marquis  Hamilton  for  nineteen  years.  || 

Great  abuses  arose  under  these  patents,  and-,  in  1644,  they  were  suppressed  by  the  House  of 
Commons,  who  ordered  that  the  tokens  should  be  rechanged  from  money  raised  out  of  the  estates 
of  the  patentees.  No  authorised  currency  was,  however,  issued  in  lieu ;  but  immediately  after 
the  death  of  the  King  private  copper  tokens  began  to  be  circulated  without  authority,  which  were 
received  again  by  the  issuers  when  presented  at  the  nominal  value.  Some  such  tokens  are  found 
of  so  early  a  date  as  1648.11  No  copper  currency,  with  the  exception  of  a  few  farthings,  was  issued 
during  the  interregnum  ;  and  it  is  remarkable,  as  an  index  of  popular  feeling,  that  the  arms  of  the 
Commonwealth  are  rarely  fomid  on  private  tokens  of  that  period,  whereas,  after  the  Restoration, 
the  King's  arms  and  other  insignia  of  royalty  are  exceedingly  common. 

It  is  estimated  that  not  more  than  20,000  different  private  tokens  in  the  whole  were  issued. 
They  bear  all  kinds  of  devices,  and  generally  the  name  or  initials,  sometimes  both,  of  tlie  issuer. 
The  initial  of  the  surname  is  generally  placed  over  the  initials  of  the  Christian  names  of  the 
husband  and  wife. 

Mr.  Boyne  gives  the  two  following  Bodmin  tokens,  viz.  :  ** 

1.    Obv.  lOHX  .  HAERis.tt  =  The  grocers'  arms    .         .         .        One  farthing. 

Ilev.  OF  .  BODMAN.  =  I.     "A. 

*  State  Paper  Office,  Dom.  Coir.  James  I.  vol.  Ixxii.  68,  74,  11.",.  t  Ibid.  142. 

t  Ibid.  vol.  Ixxvii.  40.    Printed  Proc.  Coll.  Xo.  28. 

§  S.  v.  0.  Dom.  Corr.  James  I.  vol.  Ixxxviii.  30. 

II  S.  P.  O.  Dom.  Corr.  James  I.  vol.  Ixxiii.  66.  %  Tokens  issued  in  Seventeenth  Century,  Boync,  p.  ix. 

**  Tokens  of  the  Seventeenth  Century,  p.  .S7. 

tt  An,  wife  to  Mr.  John  Ilanis,  buried  2nd  April  1673  ;  John  Harris,  gent.,  buried  20th  Feb.  1679-80. 


BODMIN  TOKENS. 


131 


2.    Obv.  THOMAS  .  WILLS.*  =  Arms,  Tliree  lions  passant  gardant  \\itliiii  a  boi-dure  engrailed. 

One  farthintr. 


T.^^-F. 


Rev.  IN  .  BODMYN. 

3.  Obv.  FLORENCE  WILLS.f 
Rev.  F.  W.  IN  .  BODMIN.    1663. 

To  which  we  can  add  the  following  from  a  specimen  in  the  museum  of  the  Bodmin  Institution. 
The  token  is  an  elegant  one  in  laten  (bell-metal),  and  is  very  thin. 

4.  Obv.  RICHARD  manatonJ  =  Arms  of  Manaton :    Upon    a    bend  three  mullets  pierced, 
differenced  with  a  crescent.     Crest,  a  demi  miicorn  ramj).  .       One  fartliing. 

Rev.  OF  .  BODMAN  .  1664.  ^  R.    ■?.§  between  three  mullets. 


THE  IVORY  CASKET. 

There  is  belonging  to  the  corporation  of  Bodmin,  and  now  in  the  custody  of  the  town  clerk, 
a  very  ancient  and  curious  ivory  casket.  According  to  tradition  it  is  the  same  casket  which  is 
mentioned  by  Benedict  Abbot  of  Peterborough  (a  contemporary)  ||  as  having  been  used  by  Prior 
Roger,  in  1177,  in  bringing  back  the  relics  of  St.  Petrock  after  they  had  been  recovered  from  the 
Abbey  of  St.  Mevenus.     This  author  says,  "  He  (Roger)  brought  the  body  of  the  blessed  Petrock, 


I'P 


THE  IVOKY  CASKET. 

*  Tlionias,  .son  of  John  Welles,  baptized  7th  May,  ICOG.     Was  this  the  same  ? 
t  This  is  mentioned  liy  Mr.  Wallis,  Bodmin  Reg.  2S8. 

J  Kiiliard  Manaton,  mayor  1G68.  §  Penelopy,  wife  of  Mr.  Riehard  Manaton,  Imricd  23rd  Sept.  1G7(). 

II  De  Vita  et  Gestis  llcnrici  secnndi  et  Kicardi  primi,  "  ex  editione  Thonue  llearnii,  O.xon,  1735,"  2  vols.  Svo.  vol,  i. 
228,  229.     See  also  Davies  Gilbert's  Hist.  Coniwall,  vol.  i.  pp.  97— 'J!l. 


132  PARISH  OF  BODMIN.  1 

closed  in  an  ivory  case,  to  the  city  of  Winchester,  and  when  it  was  brought  into  tiie  King's  || 

presence  the  King,  having  seen  and  adored  it,  permitted  the  prior  to  return  in  peace  with  his 
holy  charge  to  the  Abbey  of  Bodmin." 

The  box  at  Bodmin  is  in  length  about  1  ft.  Gin.,  about  1  ft.  in  breadth,  and  in  height  about 
10  inches.  The  cover  is  sloped  off,  so  that  the  horizontal  upper  surface  is  scarcely  6  inches  wide. 
Tlie  bottom  is  made  of  a  thin  oak  board,  painted  to  match  the  ivory ;  the  sides,  ends,  and  cover 
are  of  thin  ivory  slabs  polished  on  the  outside,  but  within  in  their  rough  condition,  bearing  the 
marks  of  the  saw.  Tlie  box  is  fastened  together  by  rabbets  and  rivets,  the  whole  being  encircled 
with  bands  of  brass-work  and  clamps  of  the  same  metal  at  the  angles.  There  are  certain  holes 
not  used  in  the  construction  of  the  box,  but  apparently  intended  for  fastening  on  a  lining.  Exter- 
nally the  surface  is  ornamented  in  gold  and  colours,  disposed  in  rosettes  of  crosses  and  intricate 
interlaced  ornaments,  and  with  quaint  figures  of  birds  of  various  forms. 

The  ornamentation  on  this  ancient  work  of  art  is  of  so  peculiar  a  character  that  we  submitted 
sketches  and  tracings  to  Alexander  Nesbitt,  Esq.  F.S.A.,  a  gentleman  well  skiUed  in  subjects  con- 
nected with  medieval  art,  and  especially  in  decorative  works  in  ivory.  He  is  of  opinion  that  the 
box  is  an  example  of  tjriental  work  of  about  the  twelfth  or  tliirteenth  century,  and  that  it  possesses 
very  gi'eat  interest  as  bearing  on  a  chapter  of  art  and  archaeology  yet  to  be  written,  viz.  that  of 
those  of  Asia — Western  Asia  in  particular — and  their  influence  on  Europe.  Mr.  Xesbitt  does  not 
think  the  Bodmin  casket  to  be  of  Venetian  manufacture,  because  the  architectural  style  of  the 
Venetians  was  Gothic,  with  very  little  orientalism  about  it,  and  the  Venetians  did  not  imitate 
Oriental  patterns  so  closely,  nor  does  he  think  it  Byzantine,  because  the  designs  are  not  altogether 
of  that  school. 

Mr.  Xesbitt  mentions  that  in  the  Treasury  of  St.  Mai'k's  at  Venice  is  a  box  of  silver,  parcel- 
gilt  and  niello-ed,  enriched  with  ornaments  of  a  precisely  similar  type ;  and  he  refers  to  drawings 
of  the  same  character  from  Syrian  and  Armenian  MSS.  published  by  Mr.  Westwood.* 

Whether  or  not  this  box  may  be  the  veritable  ivory  case  alluded  to  by  Abbot  Benedict  we  are, 
of  course,  imable  to  say.  Mr.  Nesbitt's  opinion  as  to  the  date  of  its  manufacture  woidd  make  it 
contemporaiy  with  that  event,  and  it  may,  therefore,  be  the  same,  and  may  have  been  used  for 
centuries  as  a  shrine  or  reliquary  in  the  Priory  Church.  However  this  may  be,  it  is  an  object  of 
very  great  interest,  and  it  is  hoped  that  it  will  long,  as  now,  be  carefully  preser\-ed  as  one  of  the 
choicest  ti'easures  of  the  town. 

•  PalafOgraphia  Sacra  Pictoria.     Lond.  1845-49. 


133 


MUNICIPAL  INSIGNIA. 

The  Common  Seal. — We  liave  seen  that  when  the  burgesses  of  Bodmin  were  made  a  body 
corporate  under  tlie  charter  of  the  5th  of  Elizabeth,  they  were  authorised  to  have  a  common  seal. 
Tliis  seal  was  registered  at  the  Heralds'  Visitation  in  1620,  and  the  following  is  the  certificate, 
with  a  representation  of  the  seal,  copied  fi'om  the  original  Visitation.* 


Tliis  is  the  Comon  Scale  of  the  Towne  &  Ancient  Borough  of  Bodmin  w'^'"  hath  beene  enabled 
by  his  Ma*"'  most  Noble  progenitors  w""  diuers  lifeties,  priuiledgcs,  &  greate  immunities,  the 
Gouernm'  consistinge  of  a  Maior,  &  3()  Chiefe  Burgesses,  w'^''  are  called  the  comon  Counsell  of  the 
sayd  Towne  &  Boroughe :  the  Election  of  the  Maior  being  yearly  the  24  day  of  Septemb.  The 
Maior,  Towne  Clai'ke,  &  the  last  anticedent  Maior  being  Justices  of  the  peace  w"'in  the  sayd 
Borough.  The  Maior  being  Coroner  w*''in  the  Borough.  The  Maior  and  Towne  Clarke  haue  power 
to  take  Recognizances  of  Debtors  according  to  the  statute  of  Acton  Burnell  &  Westm.  They  are  to 
haue  a  Comon  Scale  for  all  grauntes.  Forayne  Justices  of  the  peace  are  prohibited  to  intromit 
therein  for  causes  w"'in  the  sayd  Boroiigh.  All  w*  priuiledgcs  &  iinunities  were  confirmed  & 
certified  by  o''  most  gratious  Souaigne  Ladye  Quecne  Elizab  of  famous  memorie,  in  the  3G.  yeare 
of  her  raygne.  And  at  the  time  of  this  ]^sent  Visitation,  the  3  day  of  Octob  1620,  was  W"  Prist 
mayor,  Nicho.  Sprye  Towne  Clarke,  Rofet  Wittm,  Thomas  Helliar,  Robt.  Hartwell,  John  Stone, 
Nicho.  Webber,  Raph  Tiirney,  Richard  Durant,  John  Corey,  William  Stone,  &  John  Edye,  12  of 
the  Chiefe  Burges.ses  w"'in  the  sayd  Towne  &  Borough  of  Bodmin. 

The  fee  payd  40'.  Willim  Prist,  maiore. 

Nicho:  Sprey,  Towne  Clark. 

Richard  Dvrant. 

♦  Harl.  MS.  1104.  72. 

Note.— It  is  popularly  understood  that  the  figure  on  the  seal  represents  St.  Petrock.  This,  however,  is  manifestly  an 
error.  St.  Petrock  would  not  he  represented  in  regal  state,  crowned,  and  bearing  a  sceptre,  but  as  an  ecclesiastic.  It  is 
probable  that  it  was  intended  for  King  ./Ethelstan,  who  was  esteemed  the  patron  of  the  town. 

2u 


134 


PARISH  OP  BODMIN. 


The  Maces,  ^r. — The  corporate  body  possesses  four  maces  of  silver.  Tlie  most  ancient  are 
two  small  ones,  not  quite  alike.  They  are  1ft.  3|  inches  in  length.  The  handle  end  of  each  has 
hoUow  work,  or  bracket-like  projections  in  the  form  of  serpents.  One  mace  has  two  such  pro- 
jections, tlie  other  one  only.  In  the  latter  the  serpent  has  a  head  at  both  ends,  but  in  the  former 
the  serpents  are  single-headed.  On  the  flat  top  of  each  is  engraved  the  arms  of  James  I.  sur- 
mounted by  the  date  1618,  and  flanked  by  the  initials  i.  R.  One  of  these  maces  has  been  some- 
what altered  in  repairs ;  and  one  is  now  in  a  very  damaged  condition,  the  handle  having  been 
denuded  of  its  silver  casing  tliroughout  a  great  part  of  its  length. 

The  other  two  maces  are  of  silver  gilt,  and  form  a  pair  in  all  respects  alike.  They  measure 
2ft.  8^  inches  in  length,  and  are  very  massive.  The  upper  portion  forms  a  royal  crown  sur- 
mounted with  the  orb  and  cross ;  the  cu'clet-rim  and  arched-bands  are  represented  as  jewelled, 
the  coroujB  being  ornamented  with  crosses  and  fleurs-de-hs  alternately.  The  cup-like  heads  of 
the  maces  are  ornamented  with  fancifid  devices,  consisting  of  four  human  figm-es  without  arms, 
termkiating  in  foliation,  &c.,  between  which  are  a  rose,  a  thistle,  a  shamrock,  and  a  fleur-de-lis, 
each  siu-mounted  with  a  crown.  The  shafts  have  leaf\-  ornaments  and  bosses.  On  the  flat  top 
of  the  maces,  within  the  crown,  are  engraved  the  royal  arms  with  supporters,  surrounded  by  the 
motto :  HONi  .  soiT  .  QUI  .  MAL  .  T  .  PENSE ;  and  beneath,  IE  .  mein  -  tein  -  dray.  On  the  flat 
end  of  handles  of  the  maces  are  engraved  the  arms  of  the  borough,  surrounded  with  the  following 
leo-end  on  a  ribbon  :  sigillvm  .  COMVKE  .  bvrgensiym  .  BODMmi^ ;  and  without  this:  EX  .  DONO  . 

PRENOBILIS  .  CAROLI  .  BODVILLE  .  COMITIS  .  RADNOR  .  1G90. 

There  is  also  a  "  loving  cup  "  of  silver.  It  is  two-handled,  with  a  cover.  On  one  side  is 
engraved  the  arms  of  the  town,  with  the  words :  sigill  •  comune  .  bvrgensivm  .  BODJirsriE. 
And  on  the  other :  "  Union  in  the  Corporation,  and  prosperity  to  the  towni  of  Bodmin,  1760." 
"  The  gift  of  S"^  \Y"'  Irby  to  this  Corporation  in  the  yeai-  1760.     Created  Lord  Boston  1761." 

There  is  also  a  silver  snuft-box,  presented  to  the  Corporation  in  ]  812  by  the  Eev.  Dr.  Flamank, 
then  mayor.  On  the  lid  are  engraved  the  arms  of  the  town  and  the  arms  of  Flamank  impaling 
Hughes,*  with  a  record  of  the  gift. 

*  See  Monumental  Inscriptions,  No.  52. 


1.  St.  Goron,  2.  St.Pi  trock, 
from  the  chair  from  Budrain 
at  Crorrnn.  Priory  Seal. 


135 


LIST  OF  MAYORS. 

Mr.  Wallis  has  printed  a  List  of  tlie  Mayors  of  Bodmin,*  beginning  with  the  year  1423  ;  but 
it  is,  in  many  respects,  erroneous,  as  Mr.  Wallis  was,  himself,  aware.  He  informs  us  f  that  lie 
derived  liis  names  and  dates  from  certain  lists  in  MS.  in  the  hands  of  private  persons,  which 
lie  very  properly  suggests  require  to  be  authenticated  from  original  documents.  This  we  have 
endeavoured  to  do  as  far  as  possible,  and  the  following  is  subjoined  as  the  result  of  our  investi- 
gation. The  names  printed  in  Roman  characters  have  been  established  by  the  evidence  of  original 
contemporaneous  documents,  but  those  printed  in  Italics  have  been  filled  in  as  best  we  could  from 
the  list  printed  by  Mr.  Wallis  and  the  lists  in  MS.  to  which  he  alludes,  and  one  other  now  in  the 
possession  of  the  Rev.  William  lago  of  Bodmin,  which  in  many  respects  differs  from  that  of  Mr. 
Wallis. 


1201.  Herbert  de  Helleston  (pre- 

positus).J 
T.  Hen.  III.  Osbert    Fitz-Osbert 

(prepositus).§ 
T.  Hen.  III.   Roger  Pentec  (pre- 

positus).§ 
T.  Hen.  III.  or  Edw.  I.  John,  son 

of  Raufi  (propositus). § 
T.   Hen.  III.  or   Edw.   I.  Roger 

Pentec  (prepositus).§ 
T.  Edw.  I.  Stephen  Stephen  (prc- 

positus). 
T.   Edw.  I.    John   Je   Langahitts 

(propositus). § 
T.  Edw.  I.   Robert   dc   Polmorna 

(propositus). § 
1301.  Adamde  St.  Margaret  (pro- 
positus). 
1304.  Richard   de    St.   Margaret 

(propositus). 
1308.  William    Mathcw    (prepo- 

situs). 


Day  of  Election  of  Mayor,  the     1439- 
Feast  of  St.  Francis  the  Con-     1441. 

FEssoR  (Oct.  4).  1442 

1330-40.  John  Coterel,  mayor. Ij         1443 

Adam  Martyn.  1446. 

1345.  Adam  Martyn.f  1447. 

1359.  Roger  de  Bodmin.  1448. 

13G4.  John  Knouwy.  1449. 

1375.  William  Breton.**  1450. 

1379.  John  Lange.tt  1451- 

1402.  John  Nicolls.  1455- 

1411.  John  Nicolls.  1461- 

1422.  Thomas  Paynter.  1463- 

1424-29.  John  Paynter.  1468- 

1430-31.  Walter  Powell.  1473- 

1432.  Thomas  Moijle.  1475- 

1433.  Thomas  Moyle.  1477- 

1434.  Thomas  Moyle.  1484. 

1435.  Thomns  Moijh.  1485. 

1436.  Waller  Powell.  1486. 

1437.  John  NicoU.  1487. 

1438.  Thomas  Lucomb.  1488. 


40.   Tliomas  Laugher. 

John  Erie. 

Thomas  Laugher, 
to  1445.   Thomas  Moyle. 

Otto  Ni/coll. 

Thomas  Bears. 

Thomas  Calway. 

Thomas  Lucomb. 

Thomas  Bere.|| 
■4.  James  Flamank. 
■60.  Thomas  Laugher. 
•2.  Robert  Dighen. 
■7.  Thomas  Lucombe.|||| 
72.  John  Walter. ^ 
4.   Otho  Robins.lili 
6.    William  Penrose. 
83.   Thomas  Lucomb. 

Unknown. 

Richard  Flamank. 
Thomas  Margyt.*** 


•  Bodmin  Register,  p.  277.  t  Boilmiu  Register,  pp.  27G— 292.  J  Pliieita  coram  Regis,  3  John. 

§  Occur,  under  tliis  designation,  as  witnesses  in  undated  deeds  of  these  reigns,  at  Tregothnan. 

II  This  gentleman  is  the  first  found  designated  Mayor.  The  term  is  afterwards  Invariably  used  to  describe  the  Chief 
Magistrate,  although  the  term  "  Prepositns"  is  found  occasionallj-  to  occur,  and  perhaps  was  applied  to  the  Justice. 

\  I'at.  Rolls,  1!)  Edw.  III.,  p.  1,  m.  22.  **  Assize  Rolls,  20  Richard  II. 

■ft  Deed  at  Phice,  Fowey.  %%  Kdmond  Bcket,  I'repositus. 

{Ill  Thomas  Lucombe  is  described  as  Mayor  of  Bodmin  in  the  ludentmx's  of  Bm'gesses,  dated  Ifi  May,  1468. 

§§  Mr.  lago's  list  gives  the  name  as  John  Watts. 

^^  Mr.  lago's  list  shows  Otho  Robins  as  mayor  in  1473  and  1474,  and  William  I'enrose  succeeding  also  in  1474. 
Thomas  Lucomb  following  in  14T5  and  continuing  in  office  for  seven  years,  after  which  wc  have  King  Edw.  IV.,  Rich.  III., 
anil  King  Ilcnry  VII. 

***  Mr.  Wallis's  list  gives  Moyle,  which  is  an  eiTor,  as  shown  by  record. 


136 


PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 


1489. 

Thomas  Margyt. 

1538. 

John  Bray. 

1583. 

Thomas  Andro. 

1490. 

William  Trott. 

1539. 

John  Blyghe. 

1584. 

Richard  Mitchell. 

1491- 

2.  Ralph  Tredenek. 

1540. 

William  Vivian. 

1585. 

Richard  Tankard. 

1493. 

Richard  Flamank. 

1541. 

John  Vivian. 

1586. 

John  Tubb. 

1494. 

Richard  Flamanlc. 

1542. 

Thomas  Opy. 

1587. 

Otes  Edy. 

1495. 

Randolph  Tredowe. 

1543. 

John  Blight. 

1588 

John  Blight,  sen. 

149G. 

Richard  Tayler. 

1544. 

Michael  Avery. 

1589. 

John  Haynes. 

1497. 

John  Glyn. 

1545. 

William  Achym. 

1590. 

John  Blight,  jun. 

1498. 

Walter  Smyth. 

1546. 

John  Hewett. 

1591. 

Thomas  Cory. 

1499. 

William  Trott,  sen. 

1547. 

John  Dyer. 

1592. 

Thomas  Hellyer. 

1500. 

John  Cock. 

1548. 

fHenry  Bray. 
(Nicholas  Boyer. 

1593. 

Robert  Hartivell. 

1501. 

William  Sagemore. 

1594. 

Richard  Mitchell. 

1502. 

Thomas  Phylype. 

1549. 

John  Kestell. 

1503. 

Nicholas  Rusth. 

1550. 

Henry  Bray. 

M 

AYORS   ELECTED  24   SePT 

1504. 

John  Whyte. 

1551. 

Ralph  Mitchell. 

1595. 

Thomas  Cock. 

1505. 

Richard  Bligh. 

1552. 

Robert  John. 

1596. 

Nicholas  Sprey. 

1506. 

Thomas  Phylype. 

1553. 

Thomas  Opy  (Ind.  Pari.) 

1597. 

Henry  Warde. 

1507. 

William  Sagemore. 

1554. 

Richard  Cundye") 

Richard  Cundyej^'^^-  ^'''^- 

1598. 

Otho  Edy. 

1508. 

Thomas  Phylype. 

1555. 

1599. 

Jeremy  Walker. 

1509. 

William  Trott. 

1556. 

John  Heivett. 

1600. 

John  Stone. 

1510. 

John  Glyn. 

1557. 

John  Garland. 

1601. 

John  Stone. 

1511. 

John  Oliver. 

1558. 

William  Northey. 

1602. 

John  Stone. 

1512. 

John  Lavedwen. 

1559. 

Thomas  Bligh. 

1603. 

Robert  Hartwell. 

1513. 

John  Lavedon. 

1560. 

Ralph  Mitchell. 

1604. 

Gilbert  Mitchell. 

1514. 

William  Sagemore. 

1561. 

Henry  Bray. 

1605. 

Richard  Mitchell. 

1515. 

Thomas  Phillips. 

1562. 

Christopher  Cock. 

1606. 

Henry  Ward. 

1516. 

John  Wiite. 

1607. 

Nicholas  Webber. 

1517. 

John  Cau'odley. 

Mayors  elected  29  Sept. 

1608. 

Ralph  Turney. 

1518. 

Thomas  Hewett. 

1563. 

Henry  Bray. 

1609. 

Robert  Wilton. 

1519. 

Nicholas  Pownd. 

1564. 

Thomas  Opy. 

1610. 

Otho  Edye. 

1520. 

John  Glyn. 

1565. 

William  Morcomh. 

1611. 

Richard  Ditrant. 

1521. 

Richard  Blight. 

1566. 

Nicholas  Cory. 

1612. 

Thomas  Hellyar. 

1522. 

Nicholas  Opy. 

1567. 

Richard  Opy. 

1613. 

Nicholas  Sprey. 

1523. 

John  Tregligh. 

1568. 

Thomas  Andreic. 

1614. 

John  Cory. 

1524. 

John  Flamank. 

1569. 

John  Hewett. 

1615. 

Robert  Hartwell. 

1525. 

Thomas  Boscarnan. 

1570. 

Thomas  Blight. 

1616. 

John  Sprey. 

1526. 

Nicholas  Pownd. 

1571. 

Ralph  Mitchell. 

1617. 

Nicholas  Webber. 

1527. 

John  Bray. 

1572. 

John  Harris. 

1618. 

Ralph  Turney. 

1528. 

....  Flamank. 

1573. 

Christopher  Walker. 

1619. 

Robert  Wilton. 

1529. 

John  Wiite. 

1574. 

John  Ward. 

1620. 

William  Prist. 

1530. 

Robert  John. 

1575. 

Thomas  Kestell. 

1621. 

John  Edye. 

1531. 

John  Blight. 

1576. 

John  Tubb. 

1622. 

William  Stone. 

1532. 

William  Vy^-yan. 

1577. 

Richard  Cory. 

1623. 

John  Warde. 

1533. 

Nicholas  Corrant. 

1578. 

William  Beard. 

1624. 

Richard  Durant. 

1534. 

John  Flamank. 

1579. 

John  Edie. 

1625. 

John  Cory. 

1535. 

Thomas  Hewett. 

1580. 

Richard  Condy. 

1626. 

Nicholas  Harvey. 

1536. 

Nicholas  Boyer. 

•    1581. 

Thomas  Cock. 

1627. 

William  Robins. 

;537. 

William  Achym. 

1582. 

John  Blyghe. 

1G28. 

William  Harris. 

LIST  OP  MAYORS. 


137 


1629. 

John  Edye. 

1660 

1630. 

William  Stone. 

1661 

16.31. 

John  Ward. 

1632. 

John  Tiirney. 

1662 

1633. 

John  Peryman. 

1663 

1634. 

Richard  Michell. 

1664 

1635. 

WilliajH  Mace. 

1665 

1636. 

Otho  Stapp. 

1666 

1637. 

William  Stone. 

1667 

1638. 

Nicholas  Cory.* 

1668 

1639. 

William  Harris. 

1669 

1640. 

Nicholas  Harvey. 

1670 

1641. 

Thomas  Diirant. 

1671 

1642. 

Richard  Turney. 

1672 

1643. 

Richard  Michell. 

1673 

1644. 

Gilbert  Edye. 

1674 

1645. 

Richard  Parsons. 

1675 

1646. 

Richard  Webber. 

1676 

1647. 

John  Wilcock. 

1677 

1648. 

Richard  Webber. 

1678 

1649. 

William  Warren. 

1679 

1650. 

Richard  Render. 

1680 

1651. 

Richard  Turney. 

1681 

1652. 

Abel  Dar/ge. 

1682 

1653. 

Thomas  Diivant. 

1683 

1654. 

Hurjh  Ilobbs. 

1684. 

1655. 

William  Opy. 

1685. 

1656. 

William  Orchard. 

1686. 

1657. 

John  Stone. 

1687. 

1658. 

Charles  Blight. 

1688. 

1659. 

John  Wilcocks. 

1689. 

Richard  Turney. 

1690. 

J     Otho  Stapp.f 

169L 

}     Nathaniel  Lugger. 

1692. 

Hngh  Hobbs. 

1693. 

Mathew  Parsons. 

1694. 

Thomas  Hawken. 

1695. 

Humphry  Williams. 

1696. 

Bernard  Pennington. 

1697. 

John  Dagge. 

1698. 

Richard  Manaton, 

1699. 

Nicholas  Dagge. 

1700. 

Nathaniel  Lugger. 

1701. 

Thomas  Hawken. 

1702. 

Richard  Opy. 

1703. 

Tobias  Scholler. 

1704. 

Henry  Dagge. 

1705. 

Francis  Blight. 

1706. 

Humphry  Williams. 

1707. 

Charles  Blight. 

1708. 

John  Dagge. 

1709. 

Thomas  Hawken. 

1710. 

Bernard  Pennington. 

1711. 

Nathaniel  Lugger. 

1712. 

Hugh  Hobbs. 

1713. 

Tobias  Scholler. 

1714. 

Francis  Blight.  J 

1715. 

John  Littleton. 
Humphry  Williams. 

1716. 

Christopher  Fowler. 

1717. 

William  May. 

1718. 

Roger  Hamley. 

1719. 

Thomas  May. 
George  Demountfiyart. 
William  Hodge. 
Thomas  Hawken. 
Geoi'ge  Demountfryart. 
Walker  Hobbs. 
Peter  Symons. 
William  May. 
William  Hodge. 
John  Pennington. 
George  Demountfryart. 
Walker  Hobbs. 
Henry  Fry. 
John  Stephens. 
William  Hodge. 
Richard  Blight. 
Thomas  May.§ 
John  Williams. 
Thomas  Hawken. 
Richard  Tom. 
Nicholas  Bradley. 
William  Hodge. 
George  Demountfryart. 
William  May. 
Nicholas  Bradley. 
William  Wymond. 
(George  Demountfryart. 
{Bernard  Pennington. 
Richard  Blight. 
William  Phillipps.f 
No  election. 


*  Arms  :  A  chevron  between  three  birds,  apparently  partridges. 

f  Kilil.  Otho  Stapp,  mayor,  buried  3  December.     Par.  Reg. 

t  In  office  at  the  grant  of  the  charter  of  27  March,  1st  James  II.,  and  appointed  to  continue  until  24  September  1685. 

§  1708.  Thomas  May,  gent.,  justice,  bnried  July  28.  ||  1717.  Dr.  George  Demounfryart  buried. 

%  On  the  2ilth  September,  1719,  no  mayor  was  elected,  and  William  Pbillipps  claimed  to  hold  over  under  the  charter 
of  .5th  Elizabeth,  which  provided  that  the  mayor,  burgesses,  and  common  council,  or  the  major  part  of  them,  on  Michael- 
mas-day in  cverj-  year,  should  a.ssemble  and  nominate  two  capital  burgesses,  out  of  whom  the  inhabitants  should  choose 
one  to  he  mayor  for  the  next  year,  and  until  another  mayor  should  be  chosen;  averring  that  the  charter  of  36th 
Eli/,al)eth  ;  although  altering  the  time  and  manner  of  the  election,  viz.,  that  thenceforward  the  election  should  be  vested  in 
the  mayor,  common  council,  and  town  clerk,  and  he  made  on  the  24th  September,  7«'0  iino  anno  ijitei/ro  tii7ie  jiroximr 
siipirnti ;  did  not  alter  the  usage  which  as  well  before  as  after  the  second  charter  had  been  for  the  mayor  to  hold  over  until 
anfither  was  chosen,  and  that  he  being  elected  mayor  served  for  one  year,  and  that  the  town  clerk  being  then  dead  and 
no  new  one  chosen,  there  could  be  no  new  election  of  mayor.  The  case  was  argued  in  the  King's  Bench,  6  Geo.  I.,  Hil. 
The  Court  decided.  Justice  Eyre  only  dissenting,  that  the  town  was  governed  by  the  charter  of  36th  Elizabeth  only,  under 
which  the  mayor  had  no  right  to  hold  over.  Judgment  was  accordingly  given  for  the  King,  and  the  Corporation  petitioned 
for  a  new  charter.  (Rex  r.  Phillipps.  Strange,  vol.  i.  p.  3'J-l.)  Notwithstanding  that  this  occurred  in  1720,  we  have  no 
record  of  another  mayor  until  Michaelmas  1723. 

2   N 


138 


PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 


1720.  1 

1721.  [  No  election. 

1722.  ) 

1723.  liichard  Blight. 

1724.  John  Williams. 
172.5.  John  Hoblyn. 

1726.  Christopher  Pennington. 

1727.  Christopher  Pennington. 

1728.  Francis  Bradley. 

1729.  Eobert  Pennington. 

1730.  Henry  Spiller. 

1731.  Samuel  Stone. 

1732.  John  Pennington. 

1733.  Christopher  Pennington. 

1734.  Lewis  Blight. 

1735.  John  Langworthy. 

1736.  Robert  Pennington. 

1737.  Henry  Spiller. 

1738.  Samuel  Stone. 

1739.  Joseph  Hamley. 

1740.  Charles  Treweeke. 

1741.  Lewis  Blight. 

1742.  William  Marshall. 

1743.  John  Langworthy. 

1744.  Henry  Spiller. 

1745.  Joseph  Hamley. 

1746.  Samuel  Stone. 

1747.  Charles  Treweeke. 

1748.  William  Tredwen. 

1749.  William  May. 

1750.  William  Marshall,  jun. 

1751.  Francis  Cole. 

1752.  Samuel  Stone. 

1753.  Charles  Treweeke. 

1754.  William  May. 

1755.  Francis  Cole. 


No  election  till  the  issue 
of  a  mandamus. 


1756. 
1757. 
1758. 

1759.  Joseph  Hamley. 

1760.  Charles  Treweeke. 

1761.  John  Colwell. 

1762.  Francis  John  Hext. 

1763.  John  Stone. 

1764.  William  Pennington. 

1765.  Robert  Edyvean. 

1766.  John  Pomeroy. 

1767.  William  Whitfield. 

1768.  Francis  John  Hext.* 
1769.t 
1770. 


1771.  / 

1772.  J 


No  election  until  the  issue 
of  amandamus  24  Sept. 
1773,  when  was  elected 


1773.  Francis  John  Hext,  jim. 

1774.  William  Pennington. 

1775.  Robert  Edyvean. 

1776.  John  Hoblyn. 

1777.  John  Wills.^ 

1778.  Joseph  Edycean. 

1779.  Francis  John  Hext. 

1780.  William  Marshall. 

1781.  Leivis  Marshall. 

1782.  William  Hamley. 

1783.  John  Pomeroy. 

1784.  No  election  until  by  man- 
damus, 3  June,  1785,  when 
John  Wills. 

1785.  No  election  until  by  man- 
damus, 10  March,  1786,  when 
Francis  John  Hext. 

1786.  Joseph  Edyvean. 

1787.  William  Pennington. 


1788.  No  election  until  by  man- 
damus, 3  June,  1790,  when 

1789.  Francis  John  Hext.§ 

1790.  Lewis  Marshall. § 

1791.  Francis  John  Hext.§ 

New  Charter,  Mayors  elected 
29  Sept. 

1798.  Walter    Raleigh    GUbert, 
from  27  Aug. 

1799.  John  Edyvean. 

1800.  Joseph  Edyvean. 

1801.  WUliani  Hamley. 

1802.  William  Flamank. 

1803.  John  Pomeroy. 

1804.  Nicholas  Phillipps. 

1805.  Edmund  Gilbert. 

1806.  William  Burrows. 

1807.  Samuel  Spiller. 

1808.  John  Wallis. 

1809.  Walter  Raleigh  GUbert. 

1810.  John  Edyrean. 

1811.  John  Pomerov. 

1812.  William  Flamank,  D.D. 

1813.  Nicholas  Phillipps. 

1814.  William  Burrows. 

1815.  Samuel  Spiller. 

1816.  John  Wallis. 

1817.  Robert  Flamank. 

1818.  Joseph  Hamley. 

1819.  Thomas  Commins. 

1820.  John  Bennett. 

1821.  William  Phillipps. 

1822.  John  Wallis,  jun. 

1823.  Walter    Raleigh    Gilbert, 
17  Nov.  11 


I 


*  Died  20fh  March,  1770.  1768.  Sept.  24.  "M'' Francis  Hext  jaW  was  this  day  elected  Alderman,  and  M'  John 
WUls  Common-Conncil-man."    Mr.  Browne's  Diary. 

t  17G9.  Sept.  24th.  "  There  was  no  Mayor  elected  at  Bodmin  this  day.  25th.  This  day  Mr  Hext,  late  Mayor,  M' 
Whitfield,  late  Justice,  and  M'  Hext  jun'  Dep'  Towne  Clerk,  went  to  the  Hall  according  to  adjournment,  but  no  persons 
attended  but  themselves."     Mr.  Browne's  Diary. 

t  There  was  much  irregularity  and  confusion  in  the  proceedings  of  the  Corporation  about  this  period.  No  records 
seem  to  have  been  kept  or  else  they  are  lost.     We  have  been  unable  to  verify  this  and  the  following  mayors. 

§  These  last  three  elections  proved  to  be  illegal,  and  the  Corporation  was  dissolved:  vide  judgment  in  Rex  v. 
Bellringer. 

II  By  mandamus,  no  election  having  been  made  on  the  proper  day.  There  was  a  close  contest  between  the  rival 
parties,  the  election  having  been  decided  by  a  majority  of  one;  for  Gilbert  IS  ;  for  John  Bennett  17. 


LIST  OF  MATOES. 


139 


1824.  Jolin  WiiUis. 

1825.  Robert  Flamank. 
1.S2G.  Josoph  Hainley. 

1827.  John  Wallis. 

1828.  No  election.     John  Wallis 
stood  over. 

1829.  Thomas  Commins. 

1830.  John  Bennett. 

1831.  John  Wallis. 

1832.  Thomas  Commins. 

1833.  John  Wallis. 

1834.  Robert  Flamank.* 

Under  the  Reform  Act. 
Mayors  elected  9  November. 

1835.  John  Ward,  Jan.  1. 
183G.  Edward  Pearce,  Nov.  9. 

1837.  Joseph  Hamley  ,, 

1838.  Thomas  Mudge 

1839.  Charles  Coode  ,, 

1840.  Edw.  Mounsteven  Wright 

1841.  John  Cole  Grose,  Nov.  9. 

1842.  John  Bligh  Spiller    „ 

1843.  John  Ward. 

1844.  John  Basset  Collins   „ 

1845.  The  same 

1846.  James   Liddell,   Nov.  9. 

1847.  John  Bligh  Spiller    „ 

1848.  Thomas  Mudge. 


1849.  John  Basset  Collins. 

1850.  Thomas  Commins,  jmi. 

1851.  William  Serjeant. 

1852.  John  Basset  Collins. 

1853.  John  Cole  Grose. 

1854.  Robert  Edyvean. 

1855.  Edmund  Gilbert  Hamley. 

1856.  Robert  Edyvean. 

1857.  William  Pascoe. 

1858.  William  Serjeant. 

1859.  John  Basset  Collins. 

1860.  Thomas  Commins. 

1861.  Henry  Mudge. 

1862.  Henry  Mudge. 

1863.  Joseph  Oke. 

1864.  John  Hichens. 

1865.  William  Robert  Hicks. 

1866.  John  Basset  Collins. 

1867.  George  Pentire  Parkyn. 

1868.  George  Pentire  Pai'kyn. 

1869.  John  Crang. 


Recorders. 

1685.  John    Granville     Earl    of 

Bath. 
1804.   Francis    Basset    Lord    Ue 

Dunstanville. 
1822.  Francis    Charles,   Marquis 

of  Hertford. 

Common  or  Town  Clerks. 

1560.  Thomas  Kestell. 

1568.   Christopher    Walker    died 

1589  (Par.  Reg.) 
1621.  Nicholas  Spray  died  1625. 
1635.  John  Perryman. 
163G.  Thomas  Hoblyn. 
1661.  Edward  Hoblyn. 
1673.  Thomas  Hoblyn. 
1 685.  Edward  Hoblynf  died  1688. 

M.  I.  No.  21. 
1692.  John    Hoblyn    died    1706- 

Par.  Reg. 
1707.  John  Stephens.^ 
1711    Thomas  Hoblyn. 
1728.  Edward  Hoblyn.§ 
1731.  John  Laroach. 
1769.  Francis  John  Hext,  jun. 
1798.  Charles  Rashleigh. 
1798.  John  Wallis. 
1830.   Richard  Bray. 


*  The  only  existing  member  of  tlie  old  Coqjoration  uow  alive  is  Francis  Yanl  Gilbert,  es(i. 

+  Seal:  arms  of  Hoblyn  difEerenced  with  a  mullet. 

J  This  gentleman  bore  the  same  arms  as  the  family  of  Stephens  of  Leicester,  Per  chevnm  azure  and  argent,  in  chief 
two  falcons  rising  or.  Crest,  a  demi-eagle,  mngs  expanded,  or.  We  do  not,  however,  trace  his  name  in  the  pedigree  printed 
in  Nichols's  Leicestershire,  vol.  i.  p, 
fine  monument  is  figured,  plate  589. 

§  Seal  :  arms  of  Hoblyn  impaling  three  water  bougets. 


.iSC  ;  but  in  that  pedigree  the  issue  of  several  marriages  is  omitted  to  be  entered.     A 


140  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 

BUEGESSES  OF  THE  BOROUGH  OF  BODMIN  RETURNED  TO  SERVE  IN  PARLIAMENT.* 


&g 

Place. 

23t 

Westm. 

26 

York 

30 

Loud. 

32 

Wcstm. 

33} 

Westm. 

35} 

Carlisle 

1 

North  n. 

2 

Vrsiiii. 

5 

Westm. 

4 

Lond. 

Burgesses. 


Manucaptors.t 


EDWAKD  I. 

J  John  Conling 

(  Kicharrt  de  St. Margaret 

(  Stejihen  Cock 

I  Richard  dc  Bodyniel 

(  Richard  de  la  Pole 

I  John  Baby 

(  Wtlliiivi  Caruhnll 
\  Mcholas  Flanders 


r  William  Camball 

t  John  Dira 

(  John  le  Ros 
(  Richard  le  (li-os 

EDWARD  II 

f  John  Bodcam 

'-  Richard  Prnst 

(  M'ilVwm  Ciirhiirra 
\  Expric  Ilameley 

Richard  Chapelain 


[  Nil. 

j  John  Roppeley 

!  Oliver  de  Treshythany 

I  Nicholas  Colyt 

'  John  Aurifaber 

i  Adam  Artnr 

!  Thomas  Bodiniel 

I  Robert  Capoun 

1  Reginald  del  Temple 


Walter  Fleg:u-d 

Adfim  Strode 
Itichard  Chun 


(  William  Couling 
(  Roger  le  Taillor 
(  Roger  Martyn 
(  Roger  Lowys 


j  John  de  Ros 
I  Richard  le  Gros 
(  Robert  Plegha 
(  Thomas  le  Forester 


Richard  Caipeuter 
I  Walter  Borgeys 
I  Thomas  le  Forester 

Thomas  de  Aldstou 

Roger  Dedon 
I  Roger  Lowys 
1  John  Gernon 
'  Nicholas  de  Trewent 


15 

Place. 

6 

Westm. 

C 

Westm. 

6 

Westm. 

7 

Westm. 

7 

Westm. 

8 

Westm . 

8 

York 

8 

York 

12 

York 

12 

Northn. 

14 

Westm. 

Burgesses. 


Manucaptvre. 


c  John  ConljTige 

I.  William  Carballa 

(  John  Scarlet 

(  Saldivin  de  Polgrwa 

(  Serlo  Coynt 

\  William  de  Pafford 

r  Amadis  de  Bodmyn  § 
1.  William  de  Carburra 
f  Amadis  de  Bodmyn 

(.  William  de  Carburra 

(  William  Carburra 
(  William  Cottlin 
Amadis  de  Bodmyn  || 
William  de  Wrostok 

r  William  Conlyng 
(.  Amadis  de  Bodmyn 

(-Amadis  ( ^) 

I  Richard£atprust 

{Amadis  [de  Tawam]  *" 
Richard  de  Carburra 
r  Roger  Blake 
I  Walter  Dm 


William  Coulyng 
Walter  T)yn 
,  William  Couer 
Roger  Prilkes 


!  William  Rossel 
;  John  Martyn 
I  Richard  Carburra 
■  Adam  Carburra 
i  Adam  Artur 
.  William  Couer 
I  John  Babb 
,  Roger  Loky 


(  Stephen  Cornier 

(  Andrew 

(  Stephen  Cornier 

j  Richard  de  C 

(  William  Carljalla 
(  Richard  Heig 
t  John  Opps 
(  Thomas  le  Clerk 
C  Richard  Amydeu 
{  John  Ingelot 
f  William  Carburra 
(  Walter  Carburra 
(  John  Blake 
i  Richard  BUxke 
{  Stephen  Dyn 
(  John  Dyn 


*  The  names  in  italics  are  found  in  Browne  Willis's  List  (Notitia  Parliamentaria,  vol.  ii.  p.  CO)  ;  and,  though  unable 
to  find  any  authority  for  them,  we  retain  them  thus  distinguished.  In  some  of  the  years  there  are  no  returns  extant  for 
Cornwall,  nor  were  there  in  the  middle  of  the  seventeenth  century  when  Prynne  wrote.  Indeed,  in  some  of  the  years  we 
cannot  discover  that  Parliaments  were  held.  Browne  Willis  himself  says  (vol.  ii.  pref.  x),  "  he  may  have  erred  in  repeating 
members'  names  in  some  parliaments,  but  that  he  would  rather  be  redundant  than  defective." 

f  All  the  sheriffs  exacted  and*  received  from  every  knight,  citizen,  and  burgess  elected  and  returned  to  Parliament 
special  manucaptors  for  his  appearing  at  the  day  and  place  appointed  by  the  writ,  whose  names  they  returned.  Sometimes 
they  reqaii'ed  si.x,  sometimes  four,  but  usually  two  manucaptors,  of  good  quality,  for  each  person.  The  practice,  though 
not  required  by  the  writs,  continued  until  12  Edward  IV.,  though  in  the  later  reigns  there  were  many  omissions.  (Previa 
Parliamentaria  Rcdiviva,  p.  5L) 

}  Except  with  respect  to  the  parliaments  thus  marked  (J),  the  original  wTits  are  extant.  In  these  cases  the  names  arc 
obtained  from  the  abbreviate<l  Returns. 

§  Writ  for  the  expenses  of  Amadis  de  Bodmyn,  only,  for  attendance  from  the  Return  day  (2Gth  July)  until  Thursday 
next  after  the  Feast  of  St.  Martin  (25th  Nov.)  7  Edw.  II.  Rot.  Claus.  7  Edw.  II.  m.  20. 

II  Writ  for  the  expenses  of  Amadis  de  Bodmin  and  William  de  Wrostok,  for  attendance  at  the  parliament  from  the 
Return  day  (20th  July)  until  Friday  next  before  the  Feast  of  St.  Michael  (27th  Sept.),  together  with  their  charges  for 
coming  and  returning.     Test,  at  York  28th  Sept.  8  Edw.  II,  (1314).    Rot.  Claus.  Edw.  II.  m.  31  a. 

^  The  surname  is  omitted  in  the  original  Return,  but  Browne  Willis  has  inserted  "  Tavemer." 

*•  Called  by  Willis  Tavencr. 


BURGESSES  TO  SERVE  IX  PARLIAMENT. 


141 


Place. 


Bargesses. 


York 

Yorlt 

(Kcnil- 
(  worth 

Westm. 
Westm. 


York 


Line. 


North. 


New 
Sarum 


Winton, 

Westm. 

Westm. 

Westm. 

York 
Westm. 


Manucaptors. 


(  John  Bylonn* 

'-  Richard  ile  London 

(./«/(«  Tuck 

\  yickoldS  Trcgit 

j  Walter  Balaham 

^  John  de  la  Burv 

I  John  Cecely 

(  Henrv  de  Trethewy 

f  John  de  Eglosheill 
l^  Robert  de  Landravne 


EDWARD  UL 

{Riehard  Bag 
Richard  Stab 
r  Nicholas  le  Somnour 
(■  Howell  de  Cruglas 
C  William  de  Tregony 

'■  Philip  de  Pengadm- 

William  son  of 
Robert  de  St.  Mabeii 

Hugh  Clerk 
f  Robert  son  of  William 
•^  Robert  Broun 
(  John  de  Polmoma 
f^  Michael  Wastel 
f  William  de  Rcfrawcl 
'■  Roger  de  Carburra 
f  John  Billon 
"^  Hcnrr  Billon 
c  John  de  Carballa 


I  Robert  Prust 

Ilniry  de  Trcwijnard 
William  Srior 


■  Roger  Tavlnr 
Walter  Dyn 
i  Roger  le  I3ere 
.  John  de  la  Pole 


i  Stephen  Dyn 
[  Stephen  Conlyng 
;  Rich''  de  la  Buri 
:  Thomas  le  Clerk 

|nu. 

;  Howcl  le  Clerk 
\  Ralph  Kyngsman 
i  Ralph  Pridias 
;  Robert  Pridias 


J  Roger  Lokky 
i  Walter  Brag 
(  Robert  Blak 
(  Roger  Pencot 
(  Robert  Caponn 
(  Williiim  Arcbiir 
(  John  Kykel 
(  Geoffry  Textop 
(  John  Odnm 
t  William  Crich 
j  William  Caruljcl 
(  Richard  Ptnhal 
(  Richard  Hod 
(  Robert  Haukjni 
J  Raliib  Alynbom 
(  William  Robyehonn 
(  Thomas  Broun 
(  John  Bran 
j  Thcimas  Richen 
(  William  Hobbe 
(  Ralph  Piilmonia 
\  William  Sal 
)  Ralph  Lokverc 
/  William  Malkvn 
(  Robert  Lnkca  " 
(  Haiiiel  Wvlle 
j  William  ff.illyot 
(  Alan  Gyle  it 
(  Simon  Bonn 
I  Michael  Mul 
j  Adam  Come 
I  Rnl)ert  Come 
j  Richard  Sot 
(  R.iliert  Sot 
(  Robert  Sot 
(  Ralph  Sot 


3(> 


38 


Phice. 


^Vestm. 
I'ork 

Northn. 

Westm. 
Westm. 

Westm. 

Westm. 

Westm. 

M'estm. 
Westm. 
Westm. 

Westm. 

Westm. 
Westm. 
Westm. 

Westm. 

Westm. 

Westm. 

Westm. 


Burgesses. 


(  Thomas  Gnlthmi/f/i 
\  John  Polmnrna 
\  liiehard  Cajjn/st  \ 
\  Amadis  Carballa 

c  Roger  Niel 

I  Warin  Trebel 

(  Bogcr  Carhiirra 
\  John  Fitz  Bogcr 
f  John  Blahe 
\  Itohcrt  Pcntquit,jitn. 

C  Roger  de  Pencoyt,  jnn. 

I  John  Blake 

C  Boger  Blahe 
[  Walter  Dyn 

f  William  Scarlet 

I.  John  de  Treworgy 

(  Walter  Balaham 

\  John  dc  la  Bran 

j  John  Blake 

(  John  Baggel 

(  John  Pcury 

\  Boger  de  Cariurra 

{Jordan  RcjTieward 
RogerdeKylminawarth 
C  John  de  Tremayn 

f-  Ivo  Crabbe 

(  (Blegiblc) 
I  Ivo  Crabbe 

{John  de  Tremaen 
John  Caerou 
C  John  de  Polmonia 
t-  John  Martyn 
r  John  I  lamely 
(.Ralph  Trevysa 

{Ralph  Restalek 
Mathew  Dabenioun 
j-  John  Vppecotc 
1.  Mathew  Dabernoun 


Manucaptors. 


Robert  Lux 
WUliam  Lux 
\  Roger  Amdyn 
William  Amdyn 


(  Richard  Pcnquyt 
(  Lam-ence  Lorymere 
(  Symon  Smyth 
(  Robert  Heym 


Simon  Scarlet 
Gilbert  Scarlet 
Adam  Treworgy 
.  Michael  Trewynt 


Illegible 


(  William  Re^-newanl 
(  Richard  Rcjnicward 
(  Roger  Robyn 
I  William  Viner 
(  John  Ron 
\  R.ibert  Ron 
\  John  Scot 
i  Joceus  Scot 

I  Illegible 

(  John  Mab 

(  M'illiam  Knappo 

\  John  Dun 

(  William  Chin 

(  Alan  Osbern 

I  William  (illegible) 

1  John  Pcticrn 

\  John  Pich.. 

(  Richard  Cok 

[  RoluTt  II  ml 

(  Robert  God 

I  William  Clap 

(  Adiim  Roch 

I  William  Cok 

C  Richard  Cat 

\  John  Core 

(  Riehard  Daw 

\  Roliert  Bant ' 

{  Thomas  Romine 

I  Robert  Rnmine 


•  John  Bylonn  was  knight  for  the  shire  in  the  parliament  of  the  20  Edward  II.  and  was  allowed  •t,<.  a  day  for  his 
expenses  for  sixty  days  from  the  morrow  of  the  Feast  of  the  Epiphany,  whilst  going,  staying,  and  returning.  (Rot.  Clans. 
1  Edw.  III.  p.  1.)     He,  or  some  one  of  the  same  name,  was  again  knight  for  the  shire  in  24  and  30  Edw.  III. 

2o 


142 


PARISH  OF  BODMIX. 


Burgesses. 


Manncaptors. 


Burgesses. 


Manucaptors. 


42 

45 
47 
.50 


1(1 


12 


12 


13 


15 


IG 


Webtm. 
Winton 
Westm. 
Westm. 

Westm. 
Glonc. 

W'cstm. 

Westm. 

i  yeiv 
[Sai'um 

IVestm. 
Westm. 

Westm. 

Westm. 

Caiub. 

Westm. 

Westm. 

Westm, 
Winton 


■  Thomas  fforde 

.  John  Vde 
John  Jcnrell 

{John  SjTnond 
Roger  Rogger 

f  John  Crihlcdcnc 
\  Nicholas  Bohellc 

RICHARD  II. 

(  John  Irell  (Juell) 
I  Itohert  Foi-de 

(  Roger  Rogger 
I  Stephen  Bant 

r  John  Swailhj 
{  John  Britton 

{John  Briton 
John  Wodylly 

f  WUlinm  Britton 
\  John  Britton 
i  John  Britton 
I  IVilliam  Bloiou 

r  Stephen  Bant 
1  John  Tregonek 
j-  John  Breton,  jun. 
I,  Henry  Bandyn 

{Stephen  Bant 
John  Syreston 
r  John  Breton 
I  Henry  Bandyn 

.  Roger  de  Carlnm-a 

J  John    son   of    Roger 
(      Blake 

,  John  Breton 
\  Henry  Bandyn 

{John  Briton 
Thomas  Bcre 
r  John  Breton 

(.  John  Drew 


[  Adam  Ron 
1  Richard  Davy 
I  \yilliam  Dene 
1  Rol)ert  Som 


Henry  Ron 
William  Caw 
;  William  Dene 
Richard  Dene 


IS 


20 


21 


f  John  Solace 
{  William  Squicr 
Robert  Billon 
Richard  Dene 


i  (illegible) 
I  John  Witt 
j  William  Lor 
I  John  Ho. 


\  John  Dene 

Richard  Dene 
■  John  Raulcy 

John  Clerk 
I  John  Monnt 
I  Richard  Wyn 

:  Adam 

I  Richard  ft'acy 
I  Roger  Cole 
I  Richard  Jon 

j  Roger 

[  William  Ycm 

j  John  West 

I  Michael  Werj'ng 

r  John  Cancll 

[  Richard  Bomys 

r  Walter  de  Carbnrra 

[  Robert  Grcsse 

r  Roger  Blake 

[  William  Blake 

j  John  Thorne 

[  Thomas  Doune 

r  Thomas  Hod 

I  John  Thorne 

r  John  Due 

[  Richard  Dnc 

.John  Bcre 
i  Ralph  ffol 
I  John  Grendon 
j  William  Grey 
I  Simon  Coule 


Westm. 


Westm. 


AVestm, 


Westm. 

Westm 
Westm 
Glonc. 

Westm. 
Westm. 


Leic. 


Westm. 


Westm. 
Westm. 


Westm. 


Gloue. 


Westm. 


Westm. 
Westm. 

Westm. 


f  John  Tregos 
I  Thomas  Bcre 

{Thomas  Bere 
Stephen  Trencwyth 
{John  Trelonny 
John  Breton 


(  John 

(  Henry  Man 
j  John  Lasch 
(  HeniT  Lam 
( John  Bere 
\  Stephen  ffairforde 
(  Roger  Moill 
(  Thomas  fforde 
(  John  Danyell 

John  Cubar 

John  NicoU 

John  Lange 


HENRY  IV. 

-  John  Burgh 

'  James  Haloppe 

John  NicoU 

William  Slyngesby 

John  Xicoll 
\   WiUiiim  SHn//shi/ 
i  Michael  ffrodon 
(  Michael  Hoge 

{Otho  Ti'egonan 
Michael  Moyll 
(  Otho  Tregonan 
l  John  Wyse 


[  Thomas  Moyl 
1  Roliert  fftirdc 
i  Thomas  Moyl 
1  Robert  fforde 

;Nil. 


John  NicoU 

John  Lange 

J NicoU 

( Tregonan 

( illegible 
{  illegible 
{  John  Sken 
{  John  Skerlat 
(  Roger  Martyn 
(  Nicholas  Heligan 


HENRY  V. 

{John  Bntte 
Robert  Treyage 
{John  Butt 
Otho  Tregonan 

J  John  Michell 
\  William  SlingesVy 
i  Otho  Tregonan 
\  Nicholas  Jop 

Otho  Tregonan 

John  Trewooff 

{Richard  Alet 
Benedict  Buigeys 
I  John  Trewaeyff 

l  Nicholas  Bony 

Midiael  Lawhyer 
Roliert  Treyage 
Otho  Tregonan 
David  Vrban 
William  Cheyntlcyn 
rhilip  Metty 


[  Simon  Westcote 
1  Roliert  Pyyn 
I  John  Polrede 
'  Serlo  Wvse 
;  Robert  Malet 
;  Roger  Clay 
j  John  Trote 
;  Richard  Tallak 


Nil 

John  NicoU 
Ralph  Glouer 
Roger  Martyn 
John  Jopp 
John  Trote 
John  Peyntour 
John  Drewe 
Richard  Hole 
John  NicoU 
John  I'cyutcr 
Thomas  Pantcr 
Henry  Harvy 
.John  Gvlmvn 
Williani  Julie 


BrRGESSES  TO  SERVE  IN  PARLIAMENT. 


1^3 


riuce. 


10 
11 
13 


Westm. 

Westni. 

Westm. 
Lcic. 

Westm. 

Westm. 

Westm. 

Westm. 
Westm. 
Westm. 


Bur^'esscs 


Manucaptors. 


HENRY  VI. 
f  Richard  Ti"es\'tliii_v 
l  John  Wyse 
C  John  Cork 

I  Thomas  C<)k\ii 

(  John  NicoU 
(  Otlio  Tregonan 
(  Thomas  Broun 
i  Walter  I'ers 

{Richard  Tresythiiy 
John  Poheden 

(  William  Pcnfouu 
j  Walter  Moill 

f  William  Penfoun 

'•  Adam  Peyntour 

(  Adam  Pe3'ntour 
I  Walter  Movie 
(  Nicholas  Roche 
\  Thomas  Herford 
(  Ricliard  Tregoys 
(  John  Trote 


(  John  Hikkedou 

1  John  Broun 
Richard  Davy 

I  John  Kyiigdon 

[  James  Ivy 

I  Richard  Ivon 

j  Richard  Ware 

I  Ralph  Alet 
Nicholas  Hylle 
Nicholas  Knolle 
John  NycoU 
John  Paynton 

i  John  Conk 

1  William  Panter 

i  John  Doun 
Richard  iTon 
Thomas  Bere 
John  Trote 
John  West 
Edmund  Beket 
Richard  Simon 
John  Baker 
Henry  Cory 
Ivo  Wyke 
Walter  Pole 
Thomas  Pate 
John  Cory 
John  Gyon 


Place. 


Burgesses. 


14 

U'estm. 

1.5 

Cant. 

20 

Westm. 

25 

Westm. 

27 

Westm. 

28 

Westm. 

31 

Reading 

33 

Westm. 

7 

Westm. 

12 

Westm. 

17 

Westm. 

Manucaptors. 


(  RicJinrd  Tregoys 
\  John  Trote 

.  James  fflamank 

(  Thomas  Lanhergy 

f  Thomas  Lucombc 
(  John  Treffirye 

(■John  Pay 

t  William  Dcnband 

I  Nicholas  Bokelly 
(  Thomas  Lanhergy 
(  Thomas  Lanhergy 
j  William  Byschop 

John  Gargrave 

John  Cok 

{Bartholomew  Trote 
William  Bedstan 


EDWARD  IV. 

\  John  Dcvyok 
;  John  Moyle 

\  John  Fyneux 
Henry  Chelu'k 


(  John  Wythyell 
\  John  Mathy 
(  Walter  Pole 
(  Thomas  Bere 

John  Selman 

John  Porter 
(  John  Raulyn 
(  Thomas  Carleyghan 
(  .lohn  Polglas 
(  .John  Aneryan 

Nil. 
I  Nil. 

I  Nil. 

(  Elias  Gyon 
\  Henry  Swan 
t  ,Tohn  Torfrey 
i  Hugh  Loners 


Adam  Stone 
Hugh  Louell 


From  the  17tli  Echv.  IV.  no  returns  are  extant  until  1  Edw.  VI.,  with  the  exception  of  one 
bundle  containing  a  few  in  very  bad  condition,  and  almo.st  illegible,  for  the  33rd  Henry  VIII., 
but  in  tlii.s  bundle  there  is  no  return  for  Cornwall,  nor  is  there  in  a  bundle  for  1st  Edw.  VI. 
There  are  four  bundles  for  the  reign  of  Queen  Mary,  and  six  for  that  of  Elizabeth,  but  the 
returns  for  Bodmin  are  missing  in  some  of  these.  From  the  close  of  the  last  mentioned  reign  no 
writs  or  returns  are  extant  luitil  the  Restoration,  after  which  we  have  adopted  the  lists  printed  by 
Browne  Willis,  Beatson,  and  other  author.s. 


Burgesses. 


6&7 


HENRY  VIII. 

I  (  John  Flaniaiik* 
I  Thonnis  Nott 


Westm. 


MARY. 

i  Henry  Chyverton 
I  Thomas  Mildmave 


Place. 


1&2 


Burgesses. 


llennj  Chjircrtoit 
John-  Sulla rd 


Oi'f. 
I'HILIP  AND  MARY. 


Westm. 


2&3|  Westm, 

•  Mayor's  Accounts, 


John  Courtenay 
Raljih  MychcU 
Thomas  VVillyams 
Uunijihry  Cavell 


4,5-5 


Westm. 


Burgesses. 


•  Sir  Walter  llunjer- 
'     ford,  Knt. 
.  John  Norris 


ELIZABETH. 

...    ,      IS  John  Mallett 

(  Francis  liroKne 


144 


PARISH  OF  BODIIIN. 


43 

1 

12 
18 
21 


Is 

Place. 

5 

Westm. 

13 

Westm. 

14 

Westm. 

27 

Westm. 

28 

Westm. 

31 

Westm. 

35 

Westm. 

39* 

Westm. 

Borgesses. 


Westm. 


Westm. 


Westm. 


Westm. 
Westm. 


Westm. 


(  John  Mallett 
(  Francis  Browne 
f  Hnmpliry  Smith 
\  John  Etitell 
\  Thomas  Cromwell 
I  Edmund  Pawley 
(  John  Audelnj 
\  Gilbert  Michell 
\  Brutus  Srotrne 
\  Emanuel  Chamond 
J  Hngh  Becston 
I  Emannel  Chamond 
5  Anthony  Bennett 
\  Riehard  Chamond 

{Bernard   Grenville, 
High  Sheriff 
John  Herbert 
(  William  Loner 
\  John  Piggot 

JAMES  I. 

John  Stone 
icholas  Spraie 

Richard    Connock 
{       (Lansd.  MS.  1191) 
f  Jolm  Trecor,  Knt. 
\  James  Ba////,Junr. 
(  Thomas  Stafford,  Knt. 
\  CharlcsBcrkehy,Knt. 

CHARLES  I. 

Bohert  Oesar 
Henry  Jermyn 


iJoh 


Westm. 


Westm. 


n'estm. 


Westm. 


{Riehnrd  Weston,  Knt. 
Chane.  of  Exch. 
Henry  Jermyn 
J  Robert  Kelligretr, Knt. 
I  I  Humphry  Xiehols 

{Richard  Prideauje 
Richard  Wynne,  Knt. 
I         and  Bart. 
{John  Arundell 
Anthony  Xichols 
,     Thomas  Walker 


12 

Westm. 

13 

Westm. 

31 

Westm. 

31 

Westm. 

32 

Westm. 

1     Westm. 


CHARLES  n. 


/  Hender  Rnbarts 

I  John  Silly 

)  Sir  Peter  Kelligrew, 

Knt.t 
.  Sir  John  Carew,  Bart. 
'  Hender  Robarts 
j  Sir  James  Smith,  Knt. 
Bernard  GreenTillef 
f  Hender  Robarts 
(  Nicholas  Glynn 
(  Hender  Robarts 
I  Nicholas  Glynn 
{  Hender  Robarts 
I  Nicholas  Glvnn 


JAMES  n. 

t  Hender  Robarts 

I  Nicholas  GljTin 


Place. 


Burgesses. 


WILLIAM  AND  MART. 


1  Westm. 

! 

i 

2  I       ... 


12 


r  Sir  John  Cutler,  Knt. 
j      and  Bart. 
I  Nicholas  Glynn 

{Sir  John  Cutler,  Knt. 
and  Bart. 
Nicholas  Glynn 


7 
10 

12 
13 

1 

Westm. 


WILUAM  m. 


Hon.  Russell  Robartes 

John  Hnblyn 

Hon.  RnsseU  Robartes 

John  Hoblyn 
i  Hon.  Russell  Robartes 

John  Hobh-n 
.  Hon.  Russell  Robartes 

John  Hoblvn 


ANT?E. 

(  John  Hoblyn 

(  Rt.  Hon.  John  How* 

J  John  Hobl™  § 

I  Hon.  Francis  Robartes 

(  Hon.  Rnssell  Robartes 

(  John  Trevanion 

I  Hon.  Rnssell  Robartes 

I  Hon.  Francis  Robartes 

J  Hon.  Francis  Robartes 

I  Thomas  Sclater  Bacon 


From  this  date  the  year  of  Our  Lord  is  adopted  instead  of  the  regnal  years,  and  the  Parlia- 
ments have  heen  all  held  at  Westminster. 


A.V>. 

GEORGE  I. 

A.D. 

C  CharlesEarlof  Bnr- 

A.D. 

1722 

Richard  West  % 

A.D. 

GEORGE  II. 

/■  John  Leigh 

)  Hon.    Francis    Ro- 

1718 

)      ford     (vice    Ro- 

Isaac  Lebeaup 

1727 

J  John  Laroche 
(  Robert  Booth 

1715 

l     bartes,  dec.) 

1727 

John  Laroche  (vice 

l     bartes  || 

West,  dec.) 

•  There  seems  to  haye  been  some  difficulty  in  the  election  of  bnrgesses  for  this  parliament.  The  parliament  was  sum- 
moned for  24th  Oct!)ber.  On  22nd  September  there  was  a  meeting,  and  John  Herbert  only  was  elected.  The  day  for  the 
asscml)ling  of  parliament  was  drawing  near,  and  on  the  4th  October  another  meeting  of  the  electors  was  held,  and  the 
high  sheriff  himself  was  returned  as  one  of  the  bnrgesses  for  Bodmin. 

t  Double  Returns,  the  last  taken  off. 

X  In  his  place,  chosen  for  co.  Glonc.  Hon.  Francis  Robartes,  esq. 

§  In  his  place,  deceased,  Thomas  Heme,  esq. 

II  A  teller  of  the  Exchequer,  one  of  the  Commissioners  of  the  Rercnue  in  Ireland  died — a  new  writ  issued  July  8, 1718. 

^  Made  Lord  Chancellor  of  Ireland,  and  a  new  wTit  being  issued,  he  was  re-elected  and  died  ;  new  writ  18th  Jan. 
1727. 


MANOR  AND  LORDSHIP  OF  BODMIN. 


145 


A.D. 
1733 

1734 

1741 

1741 
1753 

1754 


1762 

1762 

17G8 
1774 


f    Sir    John    Ilcath- 
<      cote,  Bart,   (vice 
(-      Booth,  dec.) 
r  John  Laroilie 
■j  Sir  John  Ilciithcote, 
<-      Bart. 
(  Jolin  Laroche 
I  Tliomas  Bhxdworth* 
(  John  Laroche 
(  Sir  Will.  Irby.Bart.f 
George  Hunt  (vice 
Laroche,  dec.) 
(  Sir  William    Irby, 
■       Bart.J 
(.George  llnut 


GEORGE  III. 


i  .John  Parker 

;  George  Hunt 

'  Sir  Christopher 
Treise,  kut.  (vice 
Parker,  resigned) 

i  James  Laroche 

!  George  Hunt 

j  James  Laroche  § 

I  George  Hunt 


1 780 

1784t 
1789 
1790tt 

1796 

18U1 
1802 
1802 

1806 

1806 

1807 


GEOKGE  lU. 

C  William  Master- 

I      man  ll 
^  George  Hunt 
1  Sir  John  Morshead, 
]      Bart. 

(  Thomas  Hunt** 
George  Wilbraham 
(vice  Hunt  dec.) 
\  Sir  John  Morshead, 
<      Bart. 

(  Roger  Wilbraham 
I  Sir  John  Morshead, 
I      Bart. 
(  John  Nesbit 
(  .John  Nesbit 
(  Sir  John  Morshead 
j  Charles  S.  Le  Fevr'e 
(  JosiasDnprePorcher 
(  John  Sergent  (vice 
j      Le  Fevre,  1802) 
f  James  Topping  (vice 
}      Sergent,  resigned 
l      1806) 

J  William  Wingfield 
(  Davies  (Jiddy 
I  Sir  William  Oglan- 
I      der,  Bart. 
(  Davies  Giddv 


A.D. 
1812 


1812 

1818 

1820 

1826 
1830 
1831 

1832 
1835 


Right  Hon.  Charles 

Bathurst  (vice  Og- 

lander) 
Davies  Giddy 
Right  Hon.  Charles 

Bathurst  (Chanc. 

of  Duchy  Lancas- 
ter) 
Davies  Gilbert 
Thomas  Braddyll 
Davies  Gilbert 
John  Wilson  Ci'oker 

(Secretary  to  the 

Admiralty) 
Davies  Gilbert 
Horace  B.  Seymour 
Davies  Gilbert 
Horace  B.  Seymour 
Davies  Gilbert 
Horace  B.  Seymour 
AVilliam  Peter 
Sii'  Samuel  Thomas 

Spry 
Sir  Samuel  Thomas 

Spry 
Charles  Crespigny 

Vivian 


A.D. 

1837 

1841 

1843 

1847 
1851 

1852 

1856 
1859 

1865 
1868 


Sii-  Samuel  Thomas 

Spry 

Charles  Crespigny 

Vivian 
Charles  Crespigny 

Vivian 
John     Townshend 

Earl  of  Leicester 
Sir  Samuel  Thomas 

Spry  (vice Vivian, 

succeeded  to  the 

Peerage) 
James  Wyld 
HemyCharlesLacyJI 
James  Wyld 
Henry  Charles  Lacy 
William    Michell, 

M.D. 
CharlesBruneGraves 

Sawle 
Hon.  C.  W.  Vivian 
James  Wyld 
Hon'''«   Edw.   Fred. 

Leveson  Gower 
James  Wvld 
Hon»'ie  Edw.   Fred. 

Leveson  Gower 
James  Wyld 
Honi"'!!   Edw.   Fred. 

Leveson  Gower 


MANOR  AND  LORDSHIP  OF  BODMIN. 

Wo  have  seen  that  this  ancient  and  important  Lord.sln'p  was  held  by  the  Prior  and  Convent 
of  Bodmin  from  a  period  beyond  the  reach  of  accnrato  history.  It  contained  the  borough  of 
Bodmin,  and  was  surrendered  to  the  Crown  by  Prior  Wandesworth  in  tlie  year  1538.  Previously 
to  the  surrender  we  find  no  mention  made  of  more  than  07ie  Manor  of  Bodmin,  but  soon  after  the 
date  of  that  event  we  discover  records  which  relate  to  Aarious  lands  designated  as  "  Manors  of 
Bodmin,"  which  seem  not  to  have  any  connection  with  the  old  conventual  manor.  This  would 
appear,  in  some  measure,  to  sustain  the  statements  of  Lysons  and  other  writers,  more  especially  of 
the  late  Rev.  John  Carne,  that  several  manors  existed  bearing  the  name  of  Bodmin,§§  viz.  : 


*  Groom  of  the  bedchamber  to  the  Prince  of  Wales, 
t  Chamberlain  to  the  Prince  of  Wales. 

X  Cliamberlain  to  the  Princess  Dowager  of  Wales.    On  the  dissolution  of  this  parliament  he  was  created  Baron  Boston 
of  Boston,  in  co.  Lincoln. 

§  Created  a  Baronet  24th  Aug.  1776. 

II  Clerk  of  the  Council  and  Registrar  of  the  Duchy  of  I.,ancaster. 

^  William  Mnsterman,  esq.  petitioned. 

**  Brother  of  the  late  member.     Died.     New  writ  ordered  Nov.  1789,  when  Mr.  Wilbraham  was  elected. 

ff  Sir  James  Laroche  and  several  of  the  electors  petitione<l. 

XX  Sir  Samuel  Spry  petitioned  against  this  return,  but  the  committee  declared  both  members  duly  elected. 

§§  "  Attempt  to  identify  the  Domesday  manors  of  Cornwall."    (Journal  of  the  Royal  Institution  of  Cornwall.    1865.) 

2  p 


146  PARISn  OF  BODMIN. 

1.  The  Honour  of  St.  Petrock,  the  property  of  the  Corporation  of  Bodmin. 

2.  A  Manor  of  Bodmin,  the  property  of  Basset  of  TehidJ^ 

3.  A  Manor  of  Bodmin,  the  property  of  Mr.  Robartes*  of  Lanhydrock. 

4.  A  Manor  of  Bodmin,  the  property  of  Lord  Clinton. 

5.  Tlie  Manors  of  Bodmin  and  Bo.soarne,  the  property  of  the  Honorable  George  Fortescue. 

6.  Tlie  Manor  of  Bodmin  Francis. 

7.  The  Manor  of  Bodmin  Kirland. 

With  respect  to  the  1st  we  may  say  that  we  have  found  no  evidence  whatever  of  its  existence. 
The  town  clerk  of  Bodmin  knows  nothincr  of  it. 

2.  The  Manor  held  by  the  Basset  family  was  the  old  Priory  Manor,  and  will  be  treated 
of  presently. 

3.  Lord  Eobartes  states  that  he  has  not,  and,  so  fai*  as  he  knows,  his  family  never  had,  any 
manorial  privileges  attached  to  his  Bodmin  lands. 

4.  5,  and  6.  These  Manors  will  be  treated  of  presently. 

7.  Bodmin  Kirland.     With  reference  to  this  Manor,  see  the  account  of  the  Priory  Manor. 

Tliere  seems,  however,  considerable  doubt  whether  any  of  these  so-called  Manors  (except  the 
Priory  Manor)  were  ever  ancient  manors,  or  possessed  any  manorial  privileges  or  franchises.  We 
have  never  seen  a  Coiu't  Roll  connected  with  them. 


THE  PEIORY  MANOR  OF  BODMIN. 

This  ancient  lordship,  though  deprived  of  its  appurtenant  members,  would  appear  to  have 
remained  vested  in  the  Crown  until  the  year  1611,  when,  by  a  charter  dated  14th  March,  8th 
James  I.,  it  was  granted  {inter  alia)  to  Geoi'ge  Whitmore  and  Thomas  Whitmore  of  the  city  of 
London,  Esquires,t  and  to  their  heirs  and  assigns  for  ever,|  with  all  and  singular  its  rights,  mem- 
bers, liabilities,  and  appurtenances  whatsoever ;  together  with  two  closes  called  the  Vicar's  Close 
and  Heckwell  Park  ;  also  one  messuage  in  Lancarre,  ats  Lancarfe,  parcel  of  the  same  manor  ;  also 

*  Raised  to  the  Peerage,  whilst  these  sheets  were  being  passed  throngh  the  press,  br  the  name,  style,  and  title  of  Bai'on 
Robartes  of  Lanhydrock,  and  of  Truro,  in  the  county  of  Cornwall.     (Lond.  Gazette,  2Gth  Nov.  1869.) 

+  A  certain  John  Edrcd,  the  Whitmores,  and  others,  were  contractors  for  the  puichase  of  crown  lands.  Lauds  in 
fee  simple  were  assigned  to  them  to  the  amount  of  500/.  per  annum,  old  rents,  for  which  they  were  to  pay  46  years' 
purchase;  and  certain  lands,  of  the  value  of  2,000/.  per  annum,  at  the  rate  of  22  years'  purchase;  the  purchase-money 
amounting,  in  the  whole,  to  67,000/.,  of  which  they  were  to  pay,  before  the  24  June  1609,  30,000/.;  before  the  last  day  of 
December,  9,250/.;  before  the  last  day  of  March  then  next  following,  9,250/.;  aud  the  residue  before  the  last  day  of 
June  1610.     (State  Papers,  Dom.  Corr.  June  1609.     Vol.  xlv.  No.  59.) 

%  Pat.  Rolls  8th  Jas.  I.  p.  44  m.  8. 


THE  PRIORY  MANOR  OF  BODMIN.  147 

a  close  called  Streyes  Park,  within  the  same  manor ;  also  a  wood  called  Margaret  Wood,*  con- 
taining 80  acres,  within  the  Manor  of  Bodmin,  the  whole  described  as  late  parcel  of  the  possessions 
of  the  late  monastery  of  Bodnijn  (the  advowson  of  the  church  and  the  mills  were  excepted).  The 
amiual  value  was  stated  to  be  351.  5s.  Til.  clear,  and  it  was  granted  to  be  held  of  the  manor  of 
East  Greenwich  in  free  and  common  socage  and  not  in  capite.  The  Manor,  however,  did  not  long 
continue  in  the  hands  of  these  grantees,  for  in  1620  wo  tind  it  belonged  to  Richard  Danyell,  Esq. 
as  ajipears  from  the  Inquisition  -j-  taken  upon  the  deatli  of  Thomas  Achym. 

The  Manor  of  Bodmyn  ats  Bodman  and  Keirland  was,  in  the  reign  of  Queen  Elizabeth,  part 
of  the  possessions  of  the  unfortunate  Fi'ancis  Tregian,  of  Golden,  Esq.,  who  was  convicted  of 
premunire  in  the  21st  of  that  sovereign's  reign  for  harbouring  a  Romish  jiriest,  and  forfeited  his 
estates.  It  is  stated  in  an  Inquisition  taken  imder  a  special  commission,  dated  10th  June,  5th 
Charles  I.,  to  have  consisted  of  seven  messuages,  40  acres  of  land,  10  acres  of  meadow,  40  acres 
of  pasture,  and  100  acres  of  furze  and  heath,  with  appurtenances  in  Boisland,  Powdoi'ne  Parks, 
Lostwithiel,  Keirland,  Norton,  Lancarfe,  Woodland,  Castrete,  and  Berryland,  in  the  parishes  of 
Bodmin  and  Lostwithiel,  and  as  being  of  the  value  of  151.  per  annum. 

In  42  Elizabeth,  George  Lord  Hunsdon,  and  the  Lady  Elizabeth  his  wife,  granted  a  lease  of  a 
tenement  in  Borelane,  and  a  close  of  land  containing  four  acres  in  Keirland  Vean,  to  Robert 
Nycoll  of  Bodmin,  by  copy  of  Court  RoU  according  to  the  custom  of  the  Manor  of  Bodmin  -,1  but 
in  what  way  Lord  Hunsdon  became  possessed  of  this  manor,  or  how  it  afterwai'ds  became  ab- 
sorbed into  the  Priory  Manor,  we  have  no  evidence  to  show.  The  matter  is  very  obscure.  The 
whole,  however,  soon  after  this  date  would  seem  to  have  been  acquired  by  purchase  by  the  Rash- 
leigh  family,  in  which  family  it  remained  vested  until  the  latter  half  of  the  eighteenth  century, 
when  they  sold  it  to  the  Honourable  Sir  Elijah  Impey.  In  the  year  1787  Sir  Elijah,  by  deed 
dated  27tli  February, §  in  consideration  of  the  sum  of  4,600/.,  conveyed  to  Richard  Barwell  of 
Stansfield,  co.  Sussex,  Esq.,  all  those  two  several  manors  called  Bodmin,  otherwise  Bodmin  Kir- 
land,  and  Bodmin,  situate,  lying,  and  being  in  the  parishes  of  Bodmin,  St.  Issey,  St.  Kew,  and 
Holland, II  chargeable  with  the  yearly  rent  of  lis.  lOd.,  payable  for  ever  to  His  Majesty  for  the 
site  and  Priory  of  Bodmin.  Li  the  following  year,  by  deed  dated  the  29th  of  February  1788,1[ 
Richard  Barwell,  Esq.  conveyed  the  site   of  the  Priory  to  William  Pennington,  Esq.  leaving  the 

*  Margaret  Wood,  containing  besides  waste    Ixx.  acres 
Callywyth  Wood  „  Ixxx.  acres 

Tnington  Wood  „  xii.  acres 

clxii.  acres 
was  on  19th  July,  1583,  let  on  a  lease  for  21  years  to  Thomas  Hancock  at  the  rent  of  £4  10s.  id.  per  annum.     (Particular 
of  Leases,  Aug.  Office,  m.  4.) 

In  this  wood  and  on  the  neighbouring  farm  of  Margate  Stepps  that  very  rare  Cornish  plant  the  Liyimtlcum  Cornit- 
Vlmise  was  in  the  year  1818  found  growing  in  great  abundance.  About  the  year  1780  Mr.  William  Pennington  had  found 
it  growing  near  Bodmin,  perhaps  at  the  same  place,  and  had  sent  many  specimens  to  Sir  Joseph  Banks,  It  had  previously 
been  lost  for  many  years.  (The  Trinnijjb  of  Old  Age,  an  elegiac  poem,  occasioned  by  the  death  of  Mr.  Gilbert  of  the 
Priory.     Bodmin,  J.  I.iddcll  and  Son,  1S18,  p.  167.) 

t  Inq.  p.m.  18th  James  I.     liundlc  27,  No.  84.  %  Si)eeial  Connnissions,  G  Charles  I. 

§  Deed  at  the  Priorj',  Bodmin.  ||  See  terrier  annexed.  f  Deed  at  the  Priory,  Bodmin. 


148 


PARISH  OF  BODMIX. 


above  rent  chargeable  iipon  the  manor ;  and  in  the  following  3-ear  be  alienated  the  manor  to  Sir 
Francis  Basset,  Bart.*  afterwards  (1794)  created  Lord  de  Dunstanville. 

The  manors  of  Bodmin  and  Bodmin  Kirland  being  thus  vested  in  Sir  Francis  Basset,  after 
1812,  in  some  manner  which  we  have  not  discovered,  it  passed  to  Mr.  Beauchamp  Tucker,  who 
within  a  few  years  last  passed  dismembered  the  manors  and  sold  the  tenements  separately.  The 
remaining  manorial  rights,  consisting  of  a  few  trifling  high-rents,  &c.,  but  shorn  of  all  the  great 
franchises  and  irammiities  which  anciently  appertained  to  the  Priory  Manor,  were  purchased  by 
Mr.  William  Marks  of  Bodmin,  subject  to  the  payment  of  the  rents  reserved,  so  that  this  ancient 
lordship  has  ceased  to  exist. 

The  manor  pound  is  in  Crinnick's  lane. 

TERRIER  OF  THE  MANOR  OF  BODMIN  1787. 


Name  of  Tenants. 


Hill  Park,  Three  Comer 
Close,  Stone  Park,  Broad 
Park  (Steppes) 

Toft  in  Bore  Street      . 

Close  of  ground  at  Castle 
Street  head 

■Waste  in  Raine  Street . 

Two  Closes  in  Bore  Street    . 

Stable  in  Bogg  Lane    . 

Close  in  Castle  Street  . 

Stable  in  Pool  Street    . 

Dwelling  House  in  N ich'  St. 

Toft  and  decayed  Dwelling 

House 
Priory  Meadow     . 
Priory  Moor. 
Priors'  Bam. 

Eirland  Veighan . 

Close  in  Berry  Lane 

Little  Kirland 

Bnsh  Meadow 


Part  of  Priory  Honse   and 

Garden 
Other  part  of  Priory  House . 

Dwelling  Honse  and  Orchard 
Daughter   Parks  iu   Priors' 

Bam  Lane 
Dwelling  House  in  Fore  Street 
Orchard  near  Priory    . 


34 


3  roods 


1  rood 


3  ac; 


3     1 


0     1     22 


John  Cock 

Elicia  Powell,  Widow 


*  Addl.  MS.  9418,  88. 


William  Peimington,  Esq.    Borough  of  Bodmin 

Nicholas  Hill . 
Thomas  Monnsteven 

Jonathan  Rashleigh 
Nicholas  Clemoe 

Roger  Dan 

Charles  Hickes 

John  Stone 

John  Rawe 

George  King  . 

Susanna  Hosken 
William  Fowler,  Esq. 

Laurence  Thomas,  Yeom. 

George  King,  Gent. 

Robert  Thomas 

William  Pennington,Esq. 

John  Wills      . 
William  Pennington 


I  Susanna  Hosken 
11       0      William  Pennington,  Esq. 


Lease  for  3  lives. 


Lease  for  lives.  Rent  2.<. 
Lease  for  lives.  Rent  6s.  Sd. ; 

H.  n,i.  id. 

Lease  for  lives.  Rent  2.«.  6d. 
Lease  for  lives,  Rent  os. ;  heriot 

£1. 
Lease  for  lives.  Rent  is. ;  h.  10». 

Lease  for  lives.  Rent  4<. ;  heriot 
:     6s.  Sd. 
I  Lease  for  lives.  Rent  4«. 

Lease  for  lives,  Rent  Ss. ;  Ca- 
I     pon  Is.;  heriot  6s.  Sd. 
Lease  for  lives.  Rent  16s.  6!?. 


Lease  for  lives,  £i  Is.;  Capon 
Is.;  Heriot  £3. 

Lease  for  lives.  Rent  12s.;  Ca- 
pon Is.;  Heriot  £1  4s. 

Lease  for  lives.  Rent  5s. ;  6s.  8d. 
heriot. 

Lease  for  Uves,  Rent  12s.;  Ca- 
pon Is.;  Heriott  £1  4s. 

Lease  for  Uves,  Rent  15s.;  Ca- 
pon Is.  ;  Harvest  Journey  or 
id.;  Heriot  £1. 

Lease  for  lives.  Rent  10s. ;  Is. 

Lease,  Rent  10s. ;  Heriot  5s. 

Lease  for  lives.  Rent  £2  10s. 
Lease  for  lives.  Rent  10s. 

Lease  for  lives.  Rent  18s. 
Lease  for  lives.  Rent  2s.  6d.  ; 
H.  2s.  6d. 


5IAN0R  OF  BODMIX  MARTTN. 


149 


Tenements.                             Area. 

Name  of  Tenants. 

Parisli. 

Tenure. 

Wliitwell  I'lirk     .         .         .500 

.John  Wills      . 

Lease  for  lives.  Rent  £2  G.s-.  8(7. 

Five  Fields  in  Priors' Barn 

John  Eyre 

Lease  for  lives.  £1 ;  Heriott  1.*. ; 

Lane 

Capon  Is. ;  Harvest  Journey  id. 

Toft  on  Site  of  Priory,  and 

... 

Edward  Wills 

Lease    for    lives.    Rent    10a. ; 

Bowling  Green 

Capon  Is.;  Harvest  Journey 
or  id. ;  and  heriot  IDs. 

Great  Priory  Meadow  . 

4  acres 

John  Evre 

Lease  for  lives.  Rent  £1. 

Malt  House  .... 

John  Wills      . 

... 

Lease  for  lives,  Rent  os. 

Dwellinpr  House  in  Priory    . 

John  P^yre 

Lease, Rent£l  2,s-.;  Her. 2.*. (»/. 

Dccayoil  Mill  and  Mill  House, 

John  Eyre 

Lease,  Rent  £1  2s.  6d.;  Heriot 

and  two  Moors  and  Toft 

£2. 

Trevear         .... 

... 

John  Pemiearing    . 

St.  Isscy 

Lease,  Rent  £1.;  Capon  or  is.; 
Heriot,  best  Beast 

i-Field  in  Castle  Street 

1  acre 

Charles  Hicks 

Lease,  Rent  18.v. 

Dwellinfr     House,     Garden, 

Parish     Officers    of    St. 

St.  Kcw 

Lease,  Rent  8.s'.;  Capon  or  \s.: 

Orchard,    and    one   Close 

Kcw 

Harvest  Journey  or  id.;  and 

near  Orchard,   one   Close 

Leet   Journey   or   3f/. ;    Her. 

byPeno:enow,and  oneField 

£1  Ws. 

called    "Hill   Park,"   and 

oneClose  called  "  Helsbury 

Wood"  in  Trclill 

Parsons'  Tent  in  Trelill,  and 

7  

William  Inch  . 

St.  Kew 

Lease,  Rent  18«.  for  2  years  and 

three  Closes 

£9.  afteiTvards;  Heriot  16s. 

Killcnongh  al's  Callenough 

Helland. 

Three  Houses  called  Billing's 

... 

... 

Bodmin. 

House    in    Castle    Street, 

Cottell's  House  and  Gar- 

den, Phillips'   House  and 

Garden  ;      Hol.ljs'     Malt- 

house    in   Priory.      Chief 

Rent  paid   bv  ISoro',  2s.; 

High  Rent  o"f   £1   out  of 

Tower   Hill    in    Bodmin  ; 

Chief  Rent  of  12.*.  ont  of  a 

Dwelling-house  in  Bodmin. 

High  Rent  of  £1   Vi.t.  it/. 

MANOR  OF  BODMIN  MARTYN. 

This  manor,  wliieh  has  been  jiopularly  known  as  Lord  Clinton's  Manor  of  Bodmin,  consisted, 
without  doubt,  of  the  lands  of  inheritance  of  the  ancient  family  of  Martyn  of  Bodmin,  which  were 
acquired  by  the  Trcfusis  family  by  the  marriage  in  25tli  Honry  VI.  of  Otho  Trefu.sis,  son  and  heir 
of  John  Trefusi.s,  witii  Joan  the  eldest  daughter  and  coheir  of  Roger  Martyn.  It  is  doubtful  if  it 
was  ever  properly  a  Manor,  or  enjoyed  any  franchises  or  privileges  as  such.  It  has,  however, 
l)een  so  designated,  though  we  have  not  seen  it  mentioned  in  any  ancient  record.  Oin-  first 
notice  of  it  is  in  1555,*  when  Nicliolas  Trefusis,  great-grandson  of  the  above  mentioned  Otho, 
suffered  a  recovery  in  this  Manor  and  in  the  Manors  of  Tretliewy  and  Treganiethan  to  l{ol)ert 
Denys  and  Thomas  Tregoodoch,  Esquires.     Tliis  was,  without  doubt,  for  purposes  of  settlement 


*  Recoveries  1st  Phil,  aud  Mary.     Easter. 

2q 


150  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 

and  not  an  alienation,  for  the  Manor  still  continued  in  the  Trefusis  family.  In  1698,*  Samuel 
Trefusis,  Esquire,  in  the  same  manner,  suffered  a  recovery  in  this  and  many  other  Manors  and 
lands  to  George  Townsend,  in  which  recovery  this  Manor  is  described  as  the  Manor  of  Bodmin 
Martin.  It  continued  vested  in  the  Trefusis  family  until  the  present  century,  when  it  appears  to 
have  been  sold.  The  late  Kev.  John  Wallis,  in  a  letter  dated  6  Slarch  lS1.3,t  addressed  to  Mr. 
Lysons,  says  :  "  Mr.  Commins,  an  attorney  of  this  town,  purchased,  on  Thursday  last,  the  manor 
of  Bodmin,  Lord  Clinton's,  resold  by  order  of  Chancery."  Neither  Lord  Clinton  nor  Mr. 
Commins  are  able  to  give  any  information  concerning  this  sale,  and  the  lands  have  since  been 
sold  in  parcels. 

THE  MANORS  OF  BODMYN  AND  BOSCARNE. 

The  Manors  of  Bodmyn  and  Boccaren  were,  in  the  16th  centmy,  the  lands  of  inheritance  of 
the  family  of  Bevill,  and  were  held  in  succession  by  Sir  William  Bevill,  Knt.J  Philip  Bevill,  and 
John  Bevill,  whose  daughter  Elizabeth  carried  these  and  other  lands  in  marriage  to  Sir  Bernard 
Grenville,  Knt.§  who  with  others  in  1628  suffered  a  fine  therein  to  John  Mohun,  Esq.||  who,  soon 
afterwards,  was  created  Baron  Mohun  of  Okehanipton.  This,  probably,  was  by  way  of  mortgage, 
for  these  manors  descended  to  Sir  Bevill  Grenville,  son  and  heir  of  Bernard,^  whose  son  and  heir 
Sir  John  Grenville  sold  the  fee  to  John  Lord  Mohun,  whose  second  son  and  eventual  heir  Warwick 
Lord  Mohun  compounded  for  the  Manor  of  Bodmin  in  16.50  at  26/.  3s.  M.  rent  improvable,  and 
8/.  dry  rent,  and  paid  two  years'  value.  It  was  afterwards  alleged  that  the  value  was  under-esti- 
mated. He  replied  that  all  his  rents  in  tlie  Manor  before  1640  were  about  40?.  a-year,  but  not 
20L  of  them  improvable  afler  the  lives ;  for  the  whole  Manor  was  not  worth  above  120/.  per 
annum  if  it  were  all  in  hand,  and  that  it  consisted  mostly  in  houses,  so  that  he  had  over  allowed 
his  improvable  rents  and  omitted  his  dry  rents.** 

Sir  John  Grenville,  in  1657, ff  quit-claimed  the  Manor  to  Warwick  Lord  Mohun.  Cliarles 
Lord  Mohun  died  in  1712,  s.  p.  having  by  his  wiU  devised  these  Manors,  and  his  other  real 
estate,  to  the  Honorable  Cliaides  Mordaunt  and  Elizabeth  Lady  Molum  relict  of  tlie  deceased,  who, 
by  deed  dated  20  July  1720,tt  conveyed  the  Manors  of  Bodmyn  and  Boscame  to  the  Honorable 
Thomas  Pitt  of  Old  Sarum,  together  M'ith  se^•eral  other  Manors  and  Lordships,  fi.-om  whom  they 
descended  to  the  late  Lady  Grenville,  who  demised  them  to  the  Honorable  George  Mathew  Fortescue 
of  Boconnoc,  the  present  possessor. 

*  EecoTeries  10th  WilUam  UI.     Easter.  t  Addl.  JI.S.  9420,  fo.  242. 

J  In  1598  Sir  Henry  Knp'ett,  Knt.  and  John  Greenwood,  Gent,  levied  a  fine  of  Sir  William  Bevill.  Knt.  of  the 
manors  of  Bodni™  and  Lannowmere  (Pedes  Finium,  40  Elizab.  Easter) ;  and  the  same  vear  a  Recoverr  was  passed,  in 
which  Thomas  Lord  Howard  and  Thomas  Knyvett.  Esq.  were  petitioners  against  John  Greenwood,  Gent,  concerning  these 
manors  and  several  others,  in  which  Sir  William  Bevill  was  called  to  warrant.  This  was  nndonbtedly  for  purposes  of 
settlement.     (Recoveries  40  and  41  Elizab.     Michs.) 

§  Withicl  Register.     1592.  Barnard  Grenville,  Esquire,  et  Elizabeth  Bevill  nnpt.  10  July. 

II  Pedes  Fininm,  3  Charles.     Easter.  %  1595.  Bevill  Alius  Bernardi  GrenfiU  ar.  bap.  1  Marcii. 

*•  Royalist  Comp.  Papers,  vol.  xxxix.  ft  Deeds  at  Boconnoc. 


THE  MANORS  OF  B0D3IVN  AND  BOSCARNE. 


151 


Courts  of  these  manors  were  regularly  held  as  late  as  the  year  1813,  but  they  have  been 
discontinued  for  many  years,  and  most  of  the  tenements  comjirising  the  Manors  have  been  sold 
otf  to  di\ors  persons,  so  that  the  Manors  are  now  dismembered. 

Manno''  of  Bodmyn. — The  accompt  of  Thomas  Durant  Reive  there,  made  the  xxix"'  of  October, 
1635,  for  one  yeare  ended  at  the  feast  of  St.  Michael  Tharkangle  last  i)ast.* 


Imprimis,  reed  for  higli  rents 

Itm.  for  convenconary  Rents 

Itm.  for  xij  ('aj)ons 

Itm.  for  xij  liar  iorneys    . 

Itm.  for  xij  chickens 

Itm.  for  a  Joll  of  Sallraon 

Itm.  for  j  bushell  of  otes 

Itm.  for  j  goose 

Itm.  f(jr  tlie  rent  of  Goodman  ani 

Itm.  foi-  j  capon  . 

Itm.  for  the  pquisites  of  Courts 


xliij'*  iij**  ob  q,  1  paire  of  gloves. 


Vnffars 


xxvij''  iij^  iiij'' 
xij' 

yS      yijjd 

xviij'' 
xij" 

xiji 
xxvj' 

Xijd 


Newe  purchas'd  lands. 


High  I'ents 
Convenconary  Rents 
iiij"'  Capons 

j  Pigg      • 
ij  Sallmons 


xij''  V* 

xij'' 
if  viijd 


Tlie  whole  charge  is  xliiij''  xiiij'  vij''  ob  q,  1  paii'c  of  gloves. 


xxvij'  vij" 
xviij'l 

ii.i'' 
iij" 
iiij" 
iij'' 


Thereof  goeth  out  for  high  rent    . 

To  Mr.  Opy  for  high  rent  of  Cluck  Mill 

More  paitl  to  the  Lady  Carnsewe  17"  Ja.  1G34 

More  paid  lier  28°  Martij  1635    . 

More  paid  Mr.  Nicholas  Gilbert  30  May  1635 

More  paid  to  Lady  Carnsewe  x"  July  1635 

More  paid  her  x"  Octo.  1635 

More  he  prayeth  to  be  respited  for  the  rent  of 

William  Prust 
More  for  Mr.  Opyes  decayed  High  Rent 

Some  jf  xvij''  xiiij'  x'' 
And  soe  rcmayneth  xxyj''  xix'  ix"^  ofe  %  1  paire  of  gloves. 


*  Original  at  Boconnoc. 


152 


PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 


EENT  ROLL  OF  THE  MANORS  OF  BODMYN  AND  BOSCARNE,  1747.* 


MANOR  OF  BODMYN. 


Tenants. 

Tenements. 

Rents. 

£ 

s.     ,L 

Blake,  Marv       

Part  of  2  fields,  called  Four  Acres 

11     IJ 

Bradley,  Mr.  Frank      

Bumards  Field           

1 

0     0 

Do 

Popham's  Stitch         

3     4 

Bullock,  Mr.  Richd.  his  Exec' 

Several  Fields 

1 

1     l> 

Do.               

2  Fields,  part  of  Great  Buskear      

10     0 

Cottle,  Mr.  Charles       

Webbers  Moore           

8 

(1     4 

Do.              

Garden,  &c 

Cock,  Jane         

House,  &c 

1 

13     4 

P>re,  Thomas 

A  Stitch  at  Castreet  head 

2     0 

Hoblrn,  Mr.  John         

Borewell  Meadows     

1 

y    0 

Jewell,  Phillip 

1  Field,  now  2,  called  "  Three  Acres  "       

11      \\ 

Do.               

House  and  Backside  in  St.  LawTence         

2     0 

Marshall,  Grace,  her  E.xec'     

Backside,  stable,  and  Stitch  in  Crunick's  lane      

13     4 

Marshall,  Mr.  William            

The  Tavemt '. 

3 

0     (1 

Do.         or  Elizab.  Marshall 

A  Garden  in  Rind  Street       

1     0 

Marshall,  Mr.  Stephen 

House,  &c 

2 

8     8 

May,  John          

Bralnii's  Field  in  Pound  Lane        

6     0 

May,  Richard 

A  Stitch  in  Bndinuell             

5     0 

May,  Thomas 

A  Meadow  in  Bodinnell       

7     8 

Menhiunett,  Richard 

Snapings  Park            

1 

0     0 

Pasmore,  Thomas 

House  and  Garden  in  Bore  Street 

11     0 

Pennington,  Mr.  John 

Whitestone  Meadows 

1 

1      4 

Poor,  John          

A  Field  in  Bumard's  Lane 

f.     8 

Do.               

Part  of  a  Shop            

.5     0 

Poor,  William 

Crapp's  Shop 

1     fi 

Ronnscvall,  Rich'',  in  hand      

Old  Walls  and  Meadow  at  Town's  End 

6     8 

Sloggett,  William         

Part  of  St.  Lawrence  in  4  acres       

1 

2     3 

Spillcr,  Mrs.  .loan         

A  Dwelling  house  in  Lostwithiell  Street 

1 

0    0 

Stone,  Mr.  Thomas       

Blights  Field  at  Castrete  head         

2 

0     0 

Tom,  Andrew 

House  and  Backside,  St.  Lawrence 

4     0 

Tremeer,  William         

Little  Meadow,  Great  Down  and  Moor  under,  part  of  Boskcar  ... 

10     0 

Truscott,  Edward          

Two  Meadows  at  Towns  End           

1 

3     4 

Vosper,  John      

A  House  in  Bodmyn 

fi     8 

Whitford,  John,  Clerk 

Becketts  Grove            

5     0 

Williams,  Thomas       

A  House  at  Tower  Hill        

Totall         ...          £ 

6     8 

32 

15     6 

MANOR  OF  BOSCARNE. 


Dyer,  John        

Flamank,  Mr.  William 
Poore,  John 

Wivell,  Joan      

Wivell,  al's  Withiell,  William 


Part  of  Webbers  in  St.  Lawrence 

Clucca  Mills 

A  House  in  Fore  Street 
Ijower  Boskear  al's  Harveys 
Part  of  Boscame        


Totall 


2  10 

0 

2     2 

0 

14 

0 

1     9 

0 

1     4 

4 

7  ly 

4 

*  Rent  Roll  at  Boconnoc. 


t  The  "  Queen's  Head,"  at  this  time  the  principal  inn. 


153 


MANOR  OF  BODMIN  FRANCIS. 

"We  find  that  in  the  year  1603  Thomas  Fraunceys,  Esq.  levied  a  fine*  of  Mam-ice  Hill  and 
Margaret  his  wife  of  the  Manor  of  Bodmyn,  consisting  of  eight  messuages  in  Bodmyn  and  Bodmyn 
Borough.  Tiiis  Maurice  was  the  grandson  of  Robert  Hill,  who  recovered  several  manors  and 
lands  against  Gilbert  Flamank,f  in  right  of  his  wife  Margaret,  the  daughter  and  heir  of  Peter 
Fauntleroy  by  Jane  daughter  and  heir  of  Thomas  Flamank,  son  of  Joan  daughter  and  heir  of 
Thomas  Lucombe.  It  is  therefore  probable  that  this  Manor  of  Bodmin  was  sometime  the  lands 
of  inheritance  of  the  Lucombes  and  Flamanks,  and  that  it  acquired  the  name  of  Bodmyn-Francis 
from  the  above-named  Thomas  Fraunceys. 

In  the  3'ear  1619  we  find  the  same  lands  vested  in  Nicholas  Sprey,  Gent.,  wlio  suffered  a 
fine|  in  them  to  Thomas  Carminow,  Esq.  and  William  Parker,  Clerk,  wherein  they  are  described 
as  the  Manor  of  Bodmyn,  with  the  appurtenances,  consisting  of  eight  messuages,  i&c.  in  Bodmyn, 
Trekillick,  Tregwcllan,  Polscoth,  Tregligh,  Totnes,  Lanyvet,  St.  Winnow,  and  Egloshayle.  In 
1640  Philip  Sprey,  grandson  of  Nicholas,  sufi^red  a  recovery  §  in  the  same  manor  and  lands  to 
William  Courtney,  Esq.  and  Joseph  Jane,  Gent.  These  transactions  were  probably  for  jnirjjoses  of 
settlement,  and  a  settlement  was  made  by  a  deed  dated  9th  January,  19th  Charles.  In  1649 
Philip  Sprey,  having  adhered  to  and  assisted  the  King  against  the  Parliament,  his  estates  were 
sequestrated ;  and,  to  free  the  same,  he  had  to  enter  into  a  composition,  for  the  purposes  of  which 
among  his  possessions  he  returned  certain  lands  and  tenements  in  Bodmin,  Lanivet,  St.  Winnow, 
and  Eglosiiaile,  which  produced  in  rack  rents,  channel  rents,  and  chief  rents,  11.  lOs.  per  annum, 
and  in  old  rents,  2/.  6s.  %d.  per  annum. ||  These  were  doubtless  the  same  lands,  though  not 
described  as  a  Manor. 

The  Manor  of  Bodmin  Francis  is  said  by  Lj-sons^  to  have  been  vested  in  the  Hoblyns,  and, 
in  1694,  we  find  that  Edward  Hoblyn  levied  a  fine**  in  the  Manor  of  Bodmin  of  William  Gyles 
and  others.  Lysons  further  says  that,  having  jiassed  to  the  family  of  Peter,  it  had  been  then 
recently  sold  in  parcels. 

We  have  failed  to  discover  any  Manor  Rolls  or  Rentals  of  this  manor. 

There  are,  however,  other  records  concerning  a  Manor  or  Manors  of  Bodmin  which  we  are 
unable  to  identify  with  any  of  the  foregoing  Manors ;  e.g.  we  find  that  in  1579  Thomas  Budoeks- 
hcad  (Budeauxhead)  suftcred  a  recovery  ft  in  the  Manors  of  Bodmjai,  Tolkerne,  Tresagher,  and  in 
divers  other  lands  in  Bodmyn,  Penbugle,  Buckennan,JJ  &c.,  to  Sir  Richard  Gi'enville,  Knt.  This 
clearly  was  not  the  Manor  of  Bodmin  which  we  have  before  treated  of,  now  the  property  of  Mr. 

•  Peilcs  Finium  2n(l  .Tames.    Trinity.  t   '^"''-'  "I'tc,  p.  44. 

I  Pedes  Finium  17th  James.     Triuity.  §  Recoveries  ICth  Cliarlcs.     llilai^. 

II  Royalist  Comp.  Papers,  2  scries,  vol.  xxxviii.  f.  505.  U  Magrna  Britannia,  vol.  iii.  p.  37. 

**  Peilcs  Finium  Gth  Will.  III.     Michaelmas.  ft  Recoveries  21st  and  22n(l  Elizab.    Mich.  Roll  D.  xx. 

IX  The  manor  of  Bocouion  was  unquestionably  a  memlier  of  the  ancient  manor  of  Blisland. 

2  B 


154  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 

Fortescue,  for  that  manor  in  1579  belonged  to  the  Bevills.  Moreover,  in  1590*  Tristram  Gorges 
ats  Bodoeasliicle,  Esq.,  levied  a  fine  of  Thomas  Bodocashide  and  Slargaret  his  wife  in  the  same 
lands,  and  six  years  f  later  the  same  Tristram  Gorges  J  sufi'ered  a  fine  in  the  same  Manors,  &c. 
to  Christopher  Mannering. 

In  1653  §  Christopher  Walker,  Esq.  was  petitioner  against  William  Thomas,  Gent.  Recovery, 
the  Manor  of  Bodmyn,  with  the  appm'tenances,  also  20  acres  of  land,  three  acres  of  meadow, 
and  10  acres  of  pasture,  and  also  the  moiety  of  one  messuage,  two  gardens,  one  acre  of  meadow 
and  20  acres  of  wood,  with  appurtenances.     Hugh  Rogers,  Esq.  called  to  warrant. 

In  1673  Henry  Dottinn,  Gent.,  levied  a  fine  ||  in  the  Manor  of  Bodmin,  consisting  of  10 
messuages,  16  cottages,  five  courtlages,  16  gardens,  five  orchards,  20  acres  of  land,  10  acres  of 
meadow,  20  acres  of  pasture,  10  acres  of  wood,  five  acres  of  brambles  and  briers,  five  acres  of 
moor,  and  14  shillings  rent,  with  common  of  pasture  for  all  animals,  with  appurtenances,  in  the 
Borough  and  Parish  of  Bodmin  of  Nicholas  Opye,  Esq.  and  Maiy  his  wife,  and  Thomas  Opye, 
Gent,  and  Loveday  his  wife ;  and  in  the  following  term  the  said  Henry  Dottinn  suffered  a  com- 
mon Recovery  IT  in  the  same  lands  to  Tobias  Scoller,  the  said  Nicholas  Opye  and  Mary  his  wife 
being  called  to  warrant.  Ten  years  later  Nicholas  Eeed,  Gent,  levied  a  fine**  in  the  same  Manor 
of  Tobias  Scoller,  Gent,  and  Gertrude  his  wife.  By  this  date  additions  had  been  made  to  the 
manor,  or  other  messuages  had  been  created,  for  it  is  described  as  consisting  of  31  messuages,  10 
tofts,  21  gardens,  &c.,  &c. 

In  1729  a  fine  ft  was  levied  between  John  Beauchamp,  Esq.  and  Francis  Beauchamp,  Gent, 
quer.  and  William  Beauchamp  and  Elizabeth  his  wife,  def  of  the  Manor  of  Bodmpi,  with  app"% 
consisting  of  29  messuages,  four  water  mills,  20  gardens,  20  orchards,  552  acres  of  land,  44  acres 
of  meadow,  160  acres  of  pastui-e,  925  acres  of  brambles  and  briars,  34  acres  of  moor  and  common 
of  pasture,  described  as  being  in  Bodmyn,  Callington,  Southill,  Brannell,  St  Wenn,  Breage, 
Sithney,  Probus,  Ladock,  and  Treneage. 

We  note  these  particulars  because  some  of  our  readers  may  be  in  possession  of  evidence 
which  will  enable  tliem  to  clear  up  the  difficulty  in  identifying  these  lands. 


MANOR  OF  BODINIEL. 

This  Manor  is  not  found  mentioned  in  Domesday.     It  was  doubtless  taxed  under  Bodmin,  of 
which  lordship)  it  was  a  member,  and  to  the  Prior  and  Convent  of  which  it  belonged. 

•  Pedes  Fmium  32nd  and  33rd  Elizab.  Mich.  f  Pedes  Finium  40th  Elizab.  Easter. 

t  Tristram  Gorges  was  the  eldest  son  of  Sir  William  Gorges  of  Bristol  by  one  of  the  coheirs  of  Roger  Bndockshide 
(or  Budeauxhead).  He  seems  to  have  settled  at  Budeauxhead  near  Plymouth,  and  to  have  acquired  the  name  as  an  alias, 
and  was  bmicd  in  St.  Budeanx  Church  in  1607,  where  his  monument  still  exists.  Arms  of  Bndockshide:  Sable,  three 
lozenges  conjoined  in  fess  between  as  many  buck's  heads  cabossed  argent.  Uerald  and  Genealogist,  vol.  vi.  94.  Thomas 
was  probably  his  brother. 

§  Recoveries,  1G43.    Easter.     Roll  xliii.  ||  Pedes  Finium,  24th  and  25th  Chas.  II.  Hilary. 

5  Recoveries,  2oth  Chas.  II.     Easter.     Roll  cxxxv. 

**  Pedes  Finium  3 Ith  and  35th  Chas.  II.    Hilary.  ft  Pedes  Finium  2nd  Geo.  II.    Hilary. 


MANOR  OF  BODINIEL. 


155 


In  1315  "  Great  Bodinicl "   was  held  in  fee  by  a  certain  John,  who,  dying  without  issue,  it 
was  inherited  by  liis  sisters  Johanna  and  Anastasia,  who  were  the  wives  respectively  of  Walter 
Dyn  of  Bodmin  and  Thomas  son  of  Walter  de  Macnhj-r.  *     But  this  does  not  seem  to  have  inter- 
fered witli  the  right  of  the  Prior  and  Convent  to  the  inheritance  of  the  manorial  rights. 

We  have  seen  that  immediately  before  the  dissolution  a  grant  of  this  manor  in  fee  simple  and 
in   fee  tail  under  the  conventual  seal  was  made  to  Sir  John  diamond,  and  that  afterwards,  in 
the  fear,  perlia])s,  that  such  enfeoffments  might  be  held  void,  a  lease  was  executed  for  99  years. 
This  precaution  would  seem  to  have  been  politic,  for  we  find  that,  after  referring  to  the  grant  to 
Sir  John  diamond  and  Dame  Anne  his  wife,  and  the  heirs  male  of  their  bodies,  by  Indenture 
under  the  convent  seal,  the  reversion  and  remainder  in  this  Manor,  together  with  the  Manor  of 
Newenham   and  the  Rectory  and  Barton  of  Launcells,  were  granted  to  Theopliilus  Adams  and 
Thomas  Butler,  of  London,  gentlemen,  t    This  grant,  however,  from  causes  not  discovered,  seems 
to  have  been  soon  surrendered,  for,  ten  years  later,  we  tind  that  this  Manor,  together  with  the 
Manors  of  Newton  St.  Petrock  and  Holcombe,  and  also  a  messuage  called  Fentoii  Golleth,  J  in 
the  parish  of  St  Michael  PenkevcU,  which  was  the  endowment  of  a  chantry  in  the  church  of  that 
parish,  form  a  ])ortioii  of  certain  extensive  manors  and  estates  which,  in  consideration  of  a  sum  of 
2,811/.   19.s\  3i(/.,  were  granted  to  Richard  Burrell  of  London,  grocer,  Alexander  Lockwood, 
citizen   and  merchant,   and  scissors  maker,  and  William  Starkey  of  London,   gentleman,  their 
heirs  and  assigns.  §     It  afterwards  became  the  property  in  fee  of  the  family  of  diamond,  from 
which  family  it  passed  by  marriage  to  the  family  of  Porter. 

In  the  middle  of  the  seventeenth  century  we  find  this  manor  the  property  of  Richard  Porter, 
of  Launeels,  Esq.     Tiiat  gentleman  having  been  faithful  to  his  Sovereign   at  the   time   of  the 
rebellion  his  estates  were  sequestrated  by  the  Parliament.     He  was,  however,  allowed  to  com- 
pound for  the  sum  of  200/.,  ||  for  the  payment  of  which  the  Manor  of  Bodiniell  was  sold  by  the 
Trustees  ajipointed  by   Parliament  for  that  purpose.     It  appears   fi-om  a  document  among  the 
Royalist  Composition  Pa^Jers  that  a  contract  was  entered  into  with  one  Andrew  Turner,  merchant,^ 
for  the  j)urehase  of  this  manor,  and  that  a  moiety  of  the  purchase-money  had  been  paid  on  tiie 
7tli  Sept.  1053.     The  rental  of  the  manor,  as  stated  in  the  particulars  of  his  estate**  furnished  by 
Mr.  Porter  as  the  basis  of  his  composition,  was  as  follows  : 

£    s. 
Old  rents      .  .  .  .  .  ,  8     5 

Quit  rents     .  .  .  .  .  .  0  13 

Profits  and  Perquisites  of  the  Court  Leet      .  .  0  17 

Three  small  tenements  and  a  wood,  worth  yearly       .  28  8 

It  appears,  however,  from  the  actual  conveyance  enrolled  on  the  Close  RoUsft  that  the  real 
])urchascr  was  Daniel   El3'e  of  Plymouth,  merchant,   to  wliom,  in  consideration  of  the  sum  <>t 


d. 
4 

2i 

0 

8 


*  Assize  Roll,  9  Edw.  II. 

X  Fcutoiifjollen. 

11  Roy.  Cimii).  Papers,  vol.  lii.  92G  (2ml  scries). 

•*  Roy.  Comii.  Papers,  vol.  liii.  p.  871  (1st  scries). 


t  Pat.  Rolls  34tli  KHz.  p.  It,  in.  1."). 

§  Pat.  Holls  -nth  KHz.  Piut  .\.  m.  18. 

H  Hoy.  Comp.  Papers,  vol.  lii.  '.127  (2n(l  series). 

tt  Hot.  Claus.  lCo4,  Part.  30,  No.  21. 


15G 


PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 


1,340^.  10s.  4|(7.  was  conveyed  in  fee,  by  deed  dated  14tli  Dec.  1(553,  all  the  Manor  and  Lord- 
sliijj  of  Bodiuiel  with  all  its  members  and  appurtenances,  &c.,  with  all  Courts  Leet  and  Courts 
Baron,  and  all  escheats,  &c.,  deodands,  good  and  chatcls  of  felons  and  fugitives,  felons  of  them- 
selves, condemned  persons,  and  clerks  convicted,  outlawed  persons,  &c.  &c.,  to  hold  to  the  said 
Daniel  Elye,  his  heirs  and  assigns,  for  ever.  A  terrier  of  the  lands  so  conveyed  as  forming 
the  ]iIanor  is  annexed. 

A  few  years  afterwards  this  Manor  was  held  jointly  bet\\een  the  families  of  Lower  and  Spry 
of  Blisland :  for,  by  deed  dated  23  Feby.  1699,*  Philippa  Lower,  of  St.  Paul,  Covent  Garden, 
one  of  the  daughters  and  co-heirs  of  Richard  Lower,  M.D.,  and  William  Spry  of  Blisland,  Esq. 
eldest  son  and  heir  of  George  Spry,  conveyed  the  manor  to  John  Molesworth  of  Pencarrow,  Esq, 
(afterwards  the  second  Baronet),  and  a  few  years  later  Mr.  Molesworth  acquired  the  manor  in 
fee.  From  that  date  it  has  continued  to  be  held  by  the  Molesworth  family,  and  is  now  vested  in 
the  trustees  of  the  will  of  the  late  Eight  Honourable  Sir  William  Molesworth,  Bai't.  deceased. 

TERRIEK  OF  THE  MANOR  OF  BODIXIELL  1653. 


Tenements. 

Area. 

Tenants  and  Tenure. 

Biirn  in  the  Town-place 

Mathew  Parsons. 

New  Park 

5 

0 

0 

A. 

»            )> 

Boote  Town 

i 

0 

0 

A. 

)             )) 

Rowe  Grounds 

14 

0 

0 

A. 

)             j» 

Well  Itcadow 

1 

0 

0 

A. 

1             i> 

Churcli  Meadow 

1 

2 

0 

A. 

)                       3» 

Meager's  Meadow,  or  last  acre 

2 

0 

0 

A. 

J                       » 

Two  Closes,  called  Copshom  Lane  Close 

3 

0 

0 

A. 

»                        »» 

The  Meadows 

2 

0 

0 

A. 

>                       )) 

The  Parke 

1 

2 

0 

P. 

»                       »» 

Little  New  Park 

0 

3 

0 

P. 

Tavo  Meadows,  called  Scarlets  Wheele  . 

i 

0 

0 

M. 

Edward  Haney. 

Six  Closes,  called  the  Brambles     . 

16 

0 

0. 

V&.F. 

»»            >» 

New  Park  "Wood 

25 

0 

0 

John  Perryman. 

Tenement,  called  "Dairy,"  together  two 

parcels  of  tillage  lands  containing 
Alder  Plot 

0 
0 

2 
2 

0 
0 

Andrew  Bond. 

Dunmere  Mills       .        .        .        .        j 
Dunmere  Wood      ....         J 

260 

0 

0 

John  Wilton,  Andrew  Bond,  W.  Bewcs. 

Evan  Crossman,  on  lease  for  99  years,  granted  by  Digory 

Close  of  Pasture 

16 

0 

0 

1     Chamond  of  Laurcells,  Esq.,  to  Richard   Cros'smaii  of 

Close  at  the  foot  of  Beef  Park 

1 

0 

0 

j     Lancarfe,  if  Thomas  Crossman,  son  of  Richard  Cross- 
'     man,  should  so  long  live — Rent  £2  3s.  id. 

Cottage,  called  Dunmere 

1 

0 

0 

Andrew  Bond,  by  lease  for  99  years,  granted  to  William 
Bond,  if  Philip,  George,  and"  Loveday  should  so  long 
live— Rent  6s.  Sd. 

Close  of  ground  in  Bodiniell  Lane 

2 

3 

0 

Gilbert  ilichel,  by  lease  dated  4th  Jnly,  6th  James,  for  99 

years,  if   Ralph  Michell,  Gilbert   MichcU  the  younger, 

and  Richard  Michell,  sons  of  the  said  Gilbert  Michell,  so 

long  should  live — Rent  13«.  id. 

.  Otho  Stapp,  by  lease  dated  6th  Oct.  11  James  I.,  by  John 

Copshome 

2 

2 

0 

P. 

1      Chamond  aforesaid,  unto  William  Sampson,  if  William 

Close  of  Pasture  in  Bodiniell  Lane 

1 

3 

0 

1     Sampson,  Blanche  his  wife,  and  Otho  Stapp,  should  so 
'     long  live — Rent  £.1. 

*  Deed  in  the  possession  of  the  trustees  of  the  Molesworth  estatea. 


157 


Copy  of  a  small  Roll  of  Parchment  in  the  Possession  of  the  Honorable  George 
fortescue,  of  boconnoc endorsed 


Bodenyall  Oua 
yoynte  p'' 


p'  Janet 

Waterlonde. 
God  wen. 


Thvnnewode. 


Pryscote. 


Not  for  Tli}Tinewode, 
At  Weke, 


Bodenyall  ou 
Bodenyall.  6  Ed  4 


Thi*  in  a  later 
handwriting. 


Rentale  Roberti  Dyer  ffact  Bodmie  xxviij"  die  mensis 
Augustij  Anno  Regni  Regis  E  iiij"  yj'" 

Ricus  ffree  lioldj-th  a  ten  and  b''ryth  by  tlie  yer    . 

At  iiij  tymys  by  the  yer  That  ys  to  Wetynge  at  the  fFeste  of 
Crystysmasse  Ester  Seynt  John  ys  day  of  Baptyste  and 
Seynt  Mj-ghell  ffor  all  fuis  Suytf  and  reusyofis  ther  off  to 
the  sayde  Robt  liys  heyrf  and  hy.s  Assignys  yf  the  forsayde 
Eicharde  dye  w'  outyn  any  heyrf  of  hys  body  lawfully  be 

got>-n. 
Stephanas  pavle  holdyth  on  ten  %  beryth  by  the  yer 
Stephan^  Jaky  and  John  Nykell  holdyth  ij  ten  yn  eonnans  1, 

berytli  tjier  of  3'erly  .  ...... 

Wher  off  to  the  bye  Lorde  that  is  to  Wetynge  to  the  Lords 

off  nethera  hellondo  for  the  hye  rente  of  Waterlounde  on 

payr  of  wh\i:e  glo^'ys  w*  ij  suytf  to  hys  Coiirte  and  to  the 

same  Lorde  ffor  hye  rente  of  Bodwen  ij''  w'  ij  suytys  yn  pur 

sogayge. 
John  Cok  holdyth  ij  ten  and  on  holdynge  and  beryth  by  the 

yer  at  iiij  ?mys  ff of  sayde  yerely         .         .         .  .         • 

Whef  of  to  the  bye  Lorde  that  is  to  Wetynge  to  the  yerf  of 

Wyttm  of  Thynnewode  yerly  to  be  payde  at  the  ffeste  of 

myghell  masse  for  all  man  fuys  and  demandf    . 

holdyth  on  tenemet  ther  and  by  the  yer 

to  the  termys  ffor  sayde     ....... 

o)  Wher  of  to  the  Lorde  of  Sonecote   for  the  hye  rente  w'  ij 

lawsnytf  ......... 

Dounsterys ys  Downe.    Dauid  Whytston   and  Wyllya  Cowlecotc  holdjjK:;  all  the 

lounde  the?  and  beryth  at  the  termys  sayde 
And  they  schall  heryyd  od  on  of  ham  schall  her^yde  when 
o)  hyt  fiFallyth     Wher  of  to  the  hye  Lorde  that  is  to  Wetynge 

to  the  yerf  of  martyu  Bosson  rtbr  hye  rente  yerly  at  the 

ffeste  of  myghell  masse      ....... 

And  the  for  sayde  ij'  byth  y  payde  yerely  for  the  houndf  of 

the  sayde  yerf  to  the  man    of  hyltofi. 

2s      ' 


XXVIJ^ 


XXVl^ 

iiij^ 
xix' 

viijs 


158 


PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 


Plvmmvs  Wode. 


Treburthell. 


Nethera  Exe. 


Weke  Burght. 


Thomas  Douuecote  holdyth  on  close  w'  iij  pecf  of  londe  w'  on 
yerde  of  londe  ]>  and  beryth  by  the  yer  at  the  tmys  for  sayde 

And  on  Capon  and  he  schall  heryyd  when  hyt  ffallyth. 

Wher  of  to  the  hye  Lorde  that  ys  to  Wetyng  to  y  hyerf  of 
martyn  bosoii  for  the  hye  rente  of  the  tfeste  of  myghell 
masse  for  al  man'  #uys  t  deniandf      ..... 

The  londe  the?  byd}i;h  waste  whiche  was  wonde  yelde  by  the 


di/er  herr. 

Penneley  yn  the  fee 
De  Worthevale  iux'^ 
Botriaux  Castell. 

Burght  off 

Camelforde. 

dyer. 

Bodmyn 

Bof  strete. 

dyer. 


yer 


Wher  of  to  the  hye  lorde  for  hye  rent  ..... 

On  erofte  the?  iij  pecf  of  londe  the  whiche  was  wonde  to  be? 
by  the  yer         ......... 

Whe?  of  to  the  hye  lorde  noght. 

Walter  george  Glouyer  holdyth  oil  gardyri  by  sidf  the  Chirche 
Erth  and  on  gardyii  w'  a  pece  of  londe  l;yjTig  yn  the  South 
pty  of  the  sayde  Burght  and  beryth  by  the  yer 
Whe?  of  to  the  hie  Lorde  of  the  Burght  fo?  sayde 
AVatkyri  hoygge  Smyth  holdj'th  oon  peee  of  londe  by  sydys 
ryggewyll  in  tlie  north  pty  of  the    Burght  flor  sayde  t 
yeldyth  by  the  ye?    ........ 

All   so  a  woman  y  callyde  Sa?  Oljiie?  holdyth  a  erofte  y 

callyde  ryggewyll  parke  i  beryth  by  the  ye? 
Wher  of  to  ]>^  hye  Lorde  for  hye  rente  .... 

Richarde  Slyston  holdyth  a  tenemet  a  downe  ]P  w'  an  hay  and 

on  tofte  to  ]>^  same  annexte  and  yeldyth  )>  of  by  the  ye? 
Whe?  of  to  the  hye  lorde  for  hye  rente 
Itm  oon  tenement  bejTig  in  the  myddys  of  the  Bm-ght  a  yens 

the  do?  of  Thomas  Mortj-fi  whiche  beryth  by  the  yef 
Whe?  of  to  the  hye  Lorde  for  hye  rente 
Itm  iij  toftys  iij  gai-dynys  now  j-n  oon  iij  pecys  of  londe  wyth 
comyn  pastu?  w'  the  Lordf  bestys  a  pon  the  waste  grounde 
of  the  Lorde  of  penneley  and  ber^-th  by  the  yef 
Whe?  of  to  the  hye  Lorde  for  hye  rente  .... 

w'  ij  Law  suytys. 
John  Mely  holdjiJi  oon  tofte  w'  oon  erofte  y  callyd  Barnehay 
1  beryth  yerly  ......... 

Wher  of  to  the  hye  Lorde  S:  the  prynse         .         .         .         . 

Jotin  Luky  holdyth  oon  teii  w'  on  hay  to  hym  annexte  beryng 
by  the  yer  ......... 

Eychard  DyS  holdj-th  oon  ten  t  on  hay  to  hy  annexte  i  beryth 
by  the  yee?       .......•• 

1  yt  was  wounde  to  bt?     .....•• 


ob 
iiijs 


"J 


XYJ-l 


xii* 


noght 


ij' 


njs 


^^ 


xij* 


XVI* 


X1J» 


COPT  OF  A  SMALL  ROLL  OF  PARCHMENT. 


159 


fforestrete. 


Polestrete. 
yoynte  p'' 


BeryLane. 


Rynestrete. 


Hendre  penne 
Wyth. 


Trey an. 


Treython. 
yoynte  p'' 


pay 


:le 


John  Jocklo  Barbo'^  holdyth  on  ten  w'  on  hay  to  hym  annexte 

"?  ber^-th  by  the  yer  ........  .\' 

Wher  of  the  sayde  hj  tenement^  t  hayys  for  the  hye  rente  to 

the  heyrf  of  John  monke  yerly  at  iiij  tymys  by  the  yef  aft' 

the  custu  of  ]?'=  towne  off  Bodmyn       .....  xiij'   iiij'' 

Km  oon  tonemet  ther  w'  iij    Schoppys  a  bow  and  a  lenyng 

house  and  on  gardyii  to  the  same  annext  and  hyt  ys  worthe 

yerly        ..........         xxvj'  viij'' 

Itm  myehell  Cobbc  holdyth  on  ten  and  ij  gardyiis  thcf  and 

beryth  by  the  yer xxiiijs 

Wher  of  to  the  heyrf  of  John  monke  for  hye  rent  of  the  same        xxvj^  viij'^ 
Km  on  tenement  w'  an  hay  to  hym  annexte  in  the  whiche 

Robert  Dyer  late  Dwellj'de  1  beryth  by  the  yef  .  .  xxs 

Wher  of  to  the  jJ'ory  of  Bodmyri  for  h^'e  rente  of  the  same  at 

the  ffeste  of  my ghel  masse  ......  v^ 

1  ]>ey  claymyth  mor  ou       .         .         .         .  .         .         v''  noght 

Itm  on  garden  thef  in  the  hondf  of  the  sayde  Robt  Dyer  that 

was  wounde  to  bor  yerly  ....... 

Wher  of  the  hye  Lorde  that  is  to  Wetynge  to  the  heyrf  of 

Lanhergy  l"*  and  af?  the  sayde  Robt  ys  deth  yerly 
John  helyer  holdyth  oon  tofte  t  on  gardyn  the?  annexte  and 

beryth  by  the  yer     ........ 

Wher  of  lo  the  hye  Lorde  S:  the  heyrf  of  Rog"  niartyn  yerly 
ffbr  the  houndf  of  the  sayde  heyrf  it  is  payde  to  the  jirior  of 

Bodmyn. 
Otys  yve  holdyth  oon  tenemct  t  beryth  to  the  ternie  of  the 

sayde  Robert  ys  lyfe  ....... 

Wher  of  to  the  hye  Lorde  of  Sonnerton  for  hye  rente  yerly    . 
All  so  on  close  y  callyd  Longe  parke  a  yens  the  Castcll  Strete 

ys  hede  Lyyngo   by  Lange  Lane  goyng  to  Wardys  the 

Comyn  Ston  quary  beyng  in  the  hede  in  the  same  close  and 

hyt  ys  Worde  by  the  yer  and  yerly  ..... 
Wher  of  to  Thomas  Burnebery  yerly  ..... 
Km  oon  tenemet  thef  w'  hys  ptinaunce  and  was  wounde  to 

bef  by  the  yef  .....••• 

Wher  of  to  the  liye  Lorde  for  liyo  rente  that  is  to  Wetynge  to 

the  Abbote  of  Cleffe ij' 

And  for  iiij  aerys  of  londe  inglysh         ..... 
Itm  oon  tenemct  ther  wt  liis  ptinan)  1  hyt  was  wonyd  to  bef 

by  the  yef xxiiij' 


inj" 


XX' 


X1J» 

viijs 
viijs 


iiijJ 


160  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 

w  AVlier  of  to  the  hye  lorde  of  Kylqixjte  for  hye  rente  yerly       .  viij' 

Dymbythiiix""Bocarn.Itm  a  tenement  ]»'  w'  liys  a  ptynaunce  the  whiche  stephyn 
Dyer  late  purchasyde  off  John  hylle  to  hym  i  his  heyi'C 
for  eu  mor  and  beryth  by  the  yef       .         .         .         .  •  iiij° 

Whef  of  to  the  liye  lorde  that  is  to  Wetjnig  to  the  pryor  of 
Bodmyii. 
Rynestrete,  Stephjm  Sanny  holdyth  oon  ten  w'  a  gardy  ]?    to  annexte  and 

beryth  by  the  yef      ........  ij^ 

Wher  of  to  the  hye  Lorde  that  is  to  wetyng  to  the  p'or  sayde 
by  the  yer         ......... 


MANOE  OF  LAXCARFE,  LANCARF,  OR  LANCARRE. 

This  Manor  is  found  in  Domesday  under  the  name  of  "Nantchert."  In  the  time  of  King 
Edward  it  had  belonged  to  the  Priory  of  Bodmin,  but  had  been  seized  by  the  Earl  of  Moreton, 
who  had  granted  it  to  Nigell,  one  of  his  followers  :  "  Nigell  holds  one  Manor  of  the  Earl,  -which 
is  called  Nantchert.*  In  it  is  one  virgate  of  land  which  returned  15  pennies  to  St.  Petrock  on 
the  day  on  which  King  Edward  lived  and  died." 

Lancai'fe  afterwards  became  the  property  and  residence  of  a  family  to  whom  it  gave  its  name, 
and  of  whom  we  find  frequent  mention  in  our  early  records.  From  this  family  it  passed  to  the 
family  of  Bevill,  who  were  Chief  Lords  in  the  time  of  Edward  III.  This  Manor,  together  with 
the  Manors  of  Treros  and  Lamelwen,  was  held  of  the  Bevills  in  free  socage  by  the  family  Whales- 
brew  or  Whalesborough.  John  Walesbrew  died  seized  of  it  in  1381,  leaving  his  son  of  the  same 
name,  aged  13  years,  his  heir.t  Before  his  death  he  settled  this  Manor,  and  the  other  Manors 
above-mentioned,  together  with  the  Manor  of  Elwen,  upon  Reginald  Beauchamp,  Peter  Gervcys 
Chaplain,  James  Gerveys,  and  Peter  Lannargh,  to  the  use  of  Margaret  his  wife  for  life,  provided 
she  remained  unmarried.J  We  find,  however,  that  within  a  year  of  her  husband's  death  she  was 
remarried  to  one  Peter  Trewythosa,  who  had  custody  of  the  young  heir  of  John  Walesbrewe.§ 

John  de  Walesbrewe  the  younger  died  seized  of  his  Manor  on  10  January  1418,  leaving 
Thomas  Wlialesbrewe  his  son  and  heir,  aged  13  years  on  the  3rd  May  preceding.  ||  Two  years 
earlier,  however,  we  find  Lancarfe  in  the  possession  of  the  family  of  Moyle,  who  held  it  on  lease, 
probably  from  the  Walesbrewes.  John  Moyle  and  Tliomas  Parkyn  levied  a  fine^  in  Lancarfe  and 
other  lands  of  William  Moyle  and  Margaret  his  wife. 

In  1444  Thomas  Walesbrewe  and  Matilda  his  wife  suffered  a  fine**  {inter  alia)  in  the  Manor 

*  "  Nanchert  "  in  the  Exeter  Domesilay.     In  another  entry  of  the  manor  in  the  same  record  it  is  called  "  Lancharet." 

t  Inq.  p.  m.  5th  Rich.  II.  No.  59.  t  Inqnis.  fcoffament.  6th  Rich.  II. 

§  In  3rd  Hen.  IV.  the  lord  of  Lancarffe  held  the  fifth  part  of  one  knifrht's  fee.     {Caren-'s  Surrey  of  CornwaU,  p.  42.) 

II  Inq.  p.  m.  5th  Henry  V.  No.  51.  ^  Pedes  Finimn  2nd  Henry  V.    Trinity,  No.  I. 

*•  Pedes  Finium  23rd  Hen.  VI.  No.  35. 


MANOE  OF  LANCAEFE,  LANCAEF,  OE  LANCAEEE.  161 

of  Lankaruc  to  Jolm  Fortescue,  Knt.,  Michael  Asheton,  one  of  the  Justices  in  Banco,  and  Walter 
Moyle,  Serjeant-at-law,  in  which  the  said  Thomas  and  Matilda  acknowledged  the  right  of  the  said 
John  Fortescue,  and  the  others,  to  the  said  Manor,  for  the  life  of  Elizabeth  wife  of  Giles  Wales- 
brewe,  and  daughter  of  the  said  John  Fortescue. 

This  estate  soon  afterwards  passed  to  the  family  of  Beaimiont.  Thomas  Beaumont,  as  appears 
by  the  inquisition  taken  on  the  death  of  his  son  William  Beaumont  in  ISSl,  had  settled  this 
Manor  and  other  lands  on  his  wife  Isabella,  by  way  of  dower,  which  Isabella  was  then  still  alive. 
William  Beaumont  died  s.p.  on  5th  Dec.  1553,  and  the  reversion  of  the  estate  devolved  upon 
Philip  Beaumont  his  brother  and  heir,  then  aged  21  years  * 

It  was  afterwards  held  by  the  family  of  Lucombe.  Thomas  Lucombe  died  seized  thereof 
(t.  Hen.  VI.)  leaving  two  daughters  coheirs:  Mary,  who  married  William  Vaughan,  and 
Johanna,  who  married  Thomas  Flamank.  In  1503  John  Gardyner  and  John  Jenour  claimed 
from  William  Vaughan  and  Mary  his  wife  two  messuages,  foiu-  tofts,  GO  acres  of  land,  two  acres 
of  pasture,  and  three  acres  of  wood,  in  Bodmin,  Lankerph,  Norton,  and  Liskeard ;  and  also  a 
moiety  of  the  Manors  of  Cabilia  and  Trehudreth.  The  defendants  did  not  appear,  and  judgment 
was  given  in  default.  A  few  years  after  the  heirs  of  Thomas  Lucombe  joined  in  the  sale  of  Lan- 
carfe  and  other  lands  to  Thomas  Tregian,  as  appears  from  a  fine  t  in  which  Thomas  Tregion  was 
quer.  and  William  Vaughan  and  Mary  his  wife,  one  of  the  daughters  and  heirs  of  Thomas 
Lucombe,  Peter  Fauntleroy  and  Johanna  his  wife,  daughter  and  heir  of  Thomas  Flamank,  son 
and  heir  of  Johanna,  daughter  and  the  other  heir  of  the  said  Thomas  Lucombe,  deforciants. 

How  or  when  tliis  Manor  was  again  acquired  by  the  Priory  of  Bodmin  we  have  no  evidence, 
but  on  the  dissolution  of  the  Monasteries,  like  the  rest  of  the  possessions  of  the  religious  Houses, 
this  Manor  was  surrendered  to  the  King.  It  was  then  let  at  a  rent  of  one  penny  per  annum,  but 
the  record  shows  that  the  ancient  rent  was  40s.,  and  that  a  farm  of  it  had  been  granted  for  80 
years  to  Philip  Harys  for  his  good  service  done  to  the  late  Prior.  J  In  the  2nd  year  of  Kflig 
Edward  VI.  it  would  appear  to  have  been  held  of  the  Crown  by  John  Glyn  of  Lanhydrock 
senior,  who  in  that  year  suffered  a  fine  §  in  Lanearfe,  Brctdyche,  Whitley,  and  Fayrewash  to 
George  AV^oolcock.  In  the  early  part  of  the  reign  of  Elizabetli  it  was  the  property  of  Thomas 
Doughty,  who,  with  Alice  his  wife,  suffered  a  fine  ||  therein  to  Nicholas  Opie.  In  23rd  Eliza- 
beth it  belonged  to  Thomas  Opye,  who  in  that  year  suffered  a  fine^  in  it  {inter  alia)  to  Christopher 
Worthevale  and  Wilham  Peres. 

Three  years  afterwards  it  appears  to  have  become  the  property  of  the  Crossman  family, 
for,  by  deed  dated  1st  July  1584,**  to  Richard  Crossman,  described  as  of  Bodmin,  Gent.,  was 
granted  by  William  Lobb  of  Cardinham,  Yeom.,  a  lease  for  a  term  of  999  years,  without  impeach- 
ment of  waste,  of  the  fourth  part  of  all  those  waste  downs,   moors,   &c.  lying  in  one   parcel  of 

*  Inq.  p.  ni.  ;i2nd  Hen.  VI.  No.  28.  t  Pedes  Finium  1st  lieu.  VHI.     Midi. 

{  In  the  margin  of  the  document  there  is  a  note  in  a  different  hai.d,  "  Oneretur  de  xl'  (luousciue  decretuni   fuerit  per 
euriam,"  so  the  snmnia  of  \d.  was  returned. 
§   Vcdes  Finium  2nd  Kdw.  VI.     Hilary, 

II  I'edes  Finium  7th  and  8tli  Eli/..     Mich.  %  Pedes  Fininm  23rd  Eliz.     Easter. 

"  Deeds  in  the  possession  of  Francis  John  Uext,  of  Trcdcthy,csi|. 

2t 


162 


PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 


Cardynhain  wastes  called  "  the  West  Downe,"  next  adjoining  Lancarf  and  Bodmin  Common,  be- 
longing to  the  fourth  part  of  Cardiste  in  the  parish  of  Cardynham,  and  parcel  of  the  Manor  of 
Cardynham,  with  common  of  pasture  and  turbary  in  all  the  downs  and  wastes  of  the  said  Manor. 

By  deed  dated  20th  Jan.  1653,*  Thomas  Grossman  the  younger  convej^ed  the  Manor  and 
Barton  of  Lancarfe  to  Thomas  BuUocke  of  Lanhydrock,  Gent.f  whose  son  Richard,  in  1(585, 
alienated  the  same  to  John  Mountstephen  of  St.  Martin's  in  the  Fields,  in  the  county  of 
Middlesex,!  Esq. 

The  estate  continued  in  the  family  of  Mountsteven  until  the  year  1787  ;  in  which  year,  by 
deed  dated  29th  June,*  the  Barton  was  conveyed  to  Francis  John  Hext  of  Bodmin,  Gent,  whose 
grandson  Francis  John  Hext  of  Tredethy,  Esq.  is  the  present  possessor. 

There  was  a  Manor  Pound  at  Laucai'fe,  wliich  was  filled  up  by  the  Rev.  F.  J.  Hext  some 
years  before  1818. 

TEERIEB  OF  THE  MANOR  OF  LANCARFE,  1653. 


Tenement. 

Area. 

Tenants. 

Tenement. 

Area. 

Tenants. 

Lancarfe 

Tenement 

William  Horwcll 

Nederton 

Tenement 

Anthonv  Monhenick 

Tenement 

Richard  Butler 

Tenement 

George  Roach 

Tenement 

18 

William  Webber  &  Blanche  his  wife 

Tenement 

John  Best 

Quarry  Park 

H 

William  Sandy 

Tenement 

1 

Robert  Bunt 

Tenement 

William  Nicholas  al's  Jennings 

Tenement 

3 

Thomas  Hancock 

THE  MANOR  OF  NANTALAN,  OR  NANSTALLEN  AND  BARTON  OF  BOKARNE, 

OR  BOSCARNE. 

The  Manor  of  Nantallen,  which  has  recently  been  called  Nanstallen,  has  been  vested  in  the 
family  of  Flamank  for  several  centuries.  We  find  it  in  the  possession  of  Robert  lo  Flammaidv  in 
1294. §  It  appears  from  a  deed  in  the  possession  of  the  famii^^  that  Reginald  Flamank  was  Lord 
of  Nantalen  before  the  27th  Edw.  III.  (1354)  and  in  the  34th  year  of  the  same  King's  reign,  the 
.same  Reginald,  by  deed  dated  at  Treweythek,  granted  certain  lands  to  Robert  liis  sou ;  which 
Robert  in  a  deed,  without  date,  in  which  he  describes  himself  as  Lord  of  Nantalan,  made  a  settle- 
ment of  certain  lands  in  Trevasniditli  and  Penhtd  upon  the  marriage  of  j\Iargery  his  daughter  with 
Lawrence  de  Arundell,  as  a  marriage  portion.  This  Manor  has  continued  without  interruption  in 
the  family  of  Flamank,  in  the  direct  male  line  to  William  Flamank  of  Boscarne,  who,  by  Deed  of 
Settlement  dated  on  2nd  Nov.  1744,  entailed  the  said  Manor  and  other  his  lauds  upon  his  three 
son.s  William,  Thomas,  described  as  of  Taunton,  Clothier  ;  and  Samuel  of  Totnes,  Sergemaker  ;  but 
William  Flamank,  D.D.  grandson  of  the  above  William  by  fine  and  recovery  extinguished  the 


*  Deeds  in  the  possession  of  Francis  John  Hext,  of  Tredethy,  Esq. 
t  Pedes  Fiiiium  1st  James  II.     Trinity. 


t  Pedes  Fininm  1654.     Hilary. 
§  Assize  Rolls  22nd  Edw.  I.  ni.  71. 


MANOR  OF  NANTALAN,  ETC.  163 

said  entail  and  settled  the  said  lands  on  his  own  right  heirs  for  ever.  Under  this  settlement,  upon 
the  death  of  Robert  Flamank  of  Boscarne  in  1847,  the  estates  passed  to  the  issue  of  his  sister 
Dennis,  who  had  married  the  Rev.  Nicholas  Phillipps,  and  are  now  enjoyed  by  William  Flamank 
Phillipps  of  Boscarne  and  Bodmin,  Esq.* 

THE  BARTON  OF  BOSCARNE. 

There  are  tlu'ee  estates  of  this  name ;  we  shall,  however,  confine  our  attention  to   Lower 
Boscarne,  as  it  is  called  in  the  Ordnance  Map,  which  has  always  been  the  most  important. 

In  the  14tli  century  it  was  one  of  the  seats  of  the  family  of  Colyn.  On  the  27th  April  1379, 
the  Bishop  f  granted  a  licence  to  John  Colyn  and  Rose  his  wife  to  have  Divine  Ser-vace  celebrated 
in  their  presence  in  the  Chapel  of  the  Blessed  Mary  of  Boscarne,  in  the  parish  of  St.  Petrock  of 
Bodmin,  and  in  that  of  St.  Catherin  of  Elwjaise ;  which  licence  was  renewed,  so  far  as  Boscarne 
was  concerned,  on  25th  August  1387.  At  what  date  the  Barton  passed  to  the  family  of  Flamank 
is  uncertain,  but  on  2nd  Dec.  1406  a  similar  Ucense  was  granted  to  Robert  Flamank  J  (it  is 
presumed  Robert  Lord  of  Nantallcn  abovementioned)  and  Margaret  his  wife  within  all  their 
mansions  within  the  diocese,  but  Boscarne  is  not  specifically  mentioned.  We  find,  however,  that 
a  few  years  afterwards  Boscarne  was  in  the  possession  of  Richard  Flamank,  Esquire,  and  that 
disputes  and  dissensions  had  arisen  between  him  and  Alan  Prior  of  Bodmin  and  the  convent 
there  touehine  the  boundaries  between  the  lands  of  Little  Boscarne  and  the  lands  of  the  Convent 
at  Dynmure.  The  question  in  dispute  was  submitted  to  the  arbitration  of  John  Treffry  and  others, 
who,  so  far  as  regarded  the  boundaries,  made  the  following  award  :§  "  That  the  bounde  that  comyth 
thurgh  the  doune  lyinge  bytwene  the  londe  of  the  saide  Prior  and  tlie  saide  Richard  comynge  to 
a  stone  stondynge  with  oute  a  ditche  by  Dpimure  Wode  y  clepyd  Keneditche  in  the  north  side  of 
the  saide  ditch  there  of  old  tyme  beynge  a  bounde,  ys  and  schall  be  a  bounde  betwene  the  saide 
Prior  and  his  successors  and  the  saide  Richard  and  his  heyres,  and  so  goying  don  to  another 
stone  stondyng  of  old  tjme  in  a  banke  of  a  grype,  and  fro  that  stone  unto  another  stone  bejTig  of 
olde  tyme  a  bounde,  and  fro  that  stone  to  another  stone  by  an  oke,  by  ous  new  pighte,  and  to  the 
said  diche  and  the  grype,  bejTig  several  to  the  said  Richard  and  his  heyres,  and  so  fi'o  the  ende  of  the 
grype  riglite  to  the  north  corner  of  Dynmure  Brigge  by  a  bound  that  we  have  set,  is  and  schall  be 
the  bounde  betwene  the  said  Prior  and  his  successors  and  the  said  Richai-d  and  his  heyres ;  and 
the  saide  Richard  and  his  heyres  schal  have  al  the  landys  withynne  the  same  diche  and  boundys, 
and  the  said  Prior  and  his  successors  schal  have  all  the  landys,  wode,  and  the  millc  called  Dynmure 
Mill,  beyng  with  oute  the  saide  diche  grijje  and  boundis.  And  also  the  saide  Richard  and  his 
heyres  schal  haue  alio  the  lande  bynethe  the  saide  brigge,  and  that  the  said  Prior  and  his  successors 

*   There  are  several  iiucieut  court  rolls  of  tins  manor  in  the  possession  of  the  family, 
t  Bishop  Brentj-ngham's  Register. 

X  Bishop  Stafford's  Register,  p.  80.     Mark  Flamank,  who  was  living  7th  Eihv.  II.  (1307)  was  seized  of  a  tenement  in 
Boscamcbighan,  as  appears  from  the  Assize  Rolls  of  4<ltli  Edw.  III. 

§  Dat.  Wednesday  next  after  the  Conversion  of  St.  Paul,  12th  Henry  VI.  (January  1434.  O.S.) 


164  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 

schall  hauc  the  outeflurae  and  curse  of  water  fro  the  said  millc  in  to  the  Leat  of  Alan,  in  the 
manner  as  it  rennj-th  now.  And  also  the  said  Prior  and  his  successors  schal  haue  fre  goying  and 
comynge  for  hym  and  for  his  sernantes  to  purge  and  dense  the  said  cm-se  of  Leate  and  to  caste 
the  stonys  and  gravelle,  fenne,  and  slyme  of  the  same  lete  in  bothe  sydes  uppon  the  land  of  the 
said  Richard,  there  to  abide  and  not  to  caste  ne  hele  the  motys  ne  the  kutte  of  the  treys  there 
growyng,  and  yf  any  treys  wyxen  vppon  the  sides  of  the  same  water  in  lettynge  other  noysaunce  of 
the  curse  or  pm-gyng  of  the  same  Leat  thenne  that  the  saide  Prior  may  do  warne  the  saide 
Richard  and  his  heyres  to  kutte  and  remove  al  suche  treys  And  but  yf  he  so  do  with  ynne  seuene 
dayes  after  suche  warnynge  that  thenne  it  schal  be  lufFull  and  lawfull  to  the  said  Prior  and  his 
successors  and  his  seruantes  to  kutte  and  remove  alle  suche  treys  and  leve  on  the  grounde  of  the 
said  Richard,  &c.*" 

A  small  portion  of  the  old  Mansion  House  still  remains  in  existence,  and  is  occupied  as  a 
farm-house.  A  part  of  it  would  appear  to  be  as  early  as  the  reign  of  Henry  VII.  In  one  of  the 
external  walls  is  a  stone  bearing  the  date  1577.  Towards  the  north  is  a  wing  of  more  recent 
erection  with  two  three-light  muUioned  windows,  and  a  similar  one  in  the  chamber  over. 
Between  the  two  windows  is  a  stone  on  which  is  sculptured  the  Flamank  arms,  and  the  letters 
W.  B.,  with  the  date  1690. 

The  Hall,  which  remains  intact,  has  been  converted  into  the  farm  kitchen.  It  is  26  feet  long 
by  16  feet  wide.  At  the  southern  end  6  feet  has  been  divided  off  by  a  screen  of  panelled  oak,  well 
carved,  which  supports  a  gallery.  The  roof  was  open,  and  at  the  north  end  was  a  large  escutcheon 
of  arms  supported  by  two  nude  figiu'es,  male  :ind  female. 

A  tradition  exists  that  this  I'oom  was  the  Chapel.  The  great  open  fire-place,  however, 
forbad  this  notion  ;  nevertheless,  some  old  people  affirm  that  they  remember  the  2nilpii  standing  in 
one  corner  of  the  hall.  This  was  somewhat  perplexing  until  we  found  a  licence  of  the  justices  in 
quarter  sessions  licensing  the  house  as  a  Meeting  House  for  dissenting  Protestants,  f 

In  one  of  the  windows  are  preserved  several  fragments  of  armorial  glass.  One  escutcheon 
only  is  complete.  It  contains,  Sable,  a  chevron  between  three  pairs  of  wings  conjoined  in  lure 
argent;  impaling.  Ermine,  a  fleur  de  lis  sable,  a  chief  erminee,  differenced  with  a  mullet. 
There  are  also  two  coats  of  Bevill,  and  two  coats,  both  dexter  and  sinister  (possibly  transposed). 
Azure,  three  garbs  argent.  . 

*  Harl.  Chaj-t.  37  A.  35,  printed  by  Dugdale. 
t  "  Cornwall. 

"  Att  the  generall  sessions  holden  at  Lostwithiell  in  and  for  the  said  county  the  second  day  of  October,  in  the  sixth 
yeai-  of  the  raigne  of  our  Soveraigne  Lord  and  Lady  William  and  Mary,  by  the  grace  of  God  King  and  Qneen  over 
England,  &e.  before  their  Ma"^  justices  of  the  peace  of  the  said  tqtmty. 

"  These  are  to  certifie  all  people  whom  itt  may  concerne  that  the  howse  of  William  Flanianke  of  Boscame,  in  the 
parish  of  Bodmyn,  in  the  said  county,  gent,  is  entrcd  of  record  and  licensed  as  a  pulilick  meeting-house  for  dissenting 
protestants. 

"  Tho.  Horwell, 

"  Clerte  of  y'  Peace, 

"  y  s''  county." 


165 


THE  MAXOR  OF  BODWANXICK. 


The  Manor  of  Bodwannick,  the  chief  site  of  which  is  in  the  parish  of  Lanivet,  extends  into 
tlie  parish  of  Bodmin.  It  was  formerly  part  of  tlie  possessions  of  the  Arundells  of  Lanherne,  and 
was  carried,  hke  tlie  rest  of  the  Lanherne  estates,  into  the  family  of  Arundell  of  Wardour  by 
marriage,  in  1738,  with  Mary  daughter  and  coheir  of  Richard  Arundell  of  Lanherne.  Henry  Lord 
Arundel]  of  Wardour,  her  son,  by  lease  and  release  dated  respectively  Lst  and  2nd  Nov.  1801, 
conveyed  this  manor  to  Edmund  John  Glynn,  Esq.  who,  by  deed  dated  31st  March  1831,  sold  the 
same  to  the  Rev.  William  Phillipps,  afterwards  Flamank,  Rector  of  Lanivet.  Mr.  Flamank,  by 
his  will,  devised  this  Manor,  together  with  other  lands,  to  Jane  wife  of  Charles  Serjeant  of  St. 
Benet's  Priory,  Esq.  by  \\hom  it  is  now  possessed. 

It  appears  fi-om  a  Return  *  made  by  Richard  Ai-undell  of  Lanherne,  Esq.  in  pursuance  of  an 
Act,  entitled  "  An  Act  to  oblige  all  Papists  to  register  their  Names  and  Real  Estates,"  that  in  the 
year  1717  the  following  lands,  &,c.  in  Bodmin  were  free  tenements  of  this  manor,  viz.  : 


Buskeer  held  by  the  heirs  of  the  Loi'd  Mohun,  his  tenants  or  undertenants,  rent  1 

Tx-emaile  and  Buskerrvdown  do.  do.  do.  ,,      1 

Rosewellin  ats  RedrewcUin,  William  Fkimank,  Gent.     .  .        ,,      1 

Nautallan — a  watei'course  do.  .  .  .  .  .        ,,      0 


d. 
0 
0 

10 

8 


BARTON  OF  PENBUGEL  f 


This  is  an  ancient  Barton.  In  the  reign  of  Edward  I.  it  was  held  by  Odo  Rupe,  against 
whom  a  writ  of  novel  disseisin  was  taken  out  l)y  Alice  Vagge,  and  Marger'y  and  Margery  (sic) 
her  sisters,  but,  they  failing  to  appear  to  j^rosecute,  Odo  retained  possession.  J  In  the  early  part 
of  the  reign  of  Edw.  III.  it  was  held  by  one  Robert  Gundrey,  ujion  whose  death,  in  the  year 
1354,  Thomas  Gundrey  his  son  and  heir,  entered  into  possession.  Upon  a  plea  of  novel  disseisin 
it  was  recovered  by  Merolda  wife  of  William  Persona  and  Emma  wife  of  John  Chamberleyn.§ 
In  1373  John  Hyden  and  Johanna  his  wife  obtained  a  writ  of  assize  of  novel  disseisin  to  enquire 
if  Christiana  who  was  the  wife  of  Adam  Dygher  of  Bodmin,  John  Langa,  velard,||  and  Agnes  his 
wife,  Adam  Hoper,  and  Walter  Scor  had  unjustly  disseised  the  said  John  and  Johanna  of  their 
free  tenements  in  Bodmin,  Bodmelscarlet,  and  Penlugel  juxta  Bodmin.  The  jury  found  that 
John  Hyden  and  his  wife  had  never  been  seised  of  the  lands  in  view,  and  consequently  they  were 
non-suited  and  remained  in  the  King's  mercy  for  a  false  claim. 1[    Two  years  afterwards  Penbugel 


In  the  collection  of  the  author. 
Assize  Rolls  29th  Edw.  I. 

Velnioni'cr,  or  skinner. 


t  The  Headland  of  the  Sliepherd. 
§  Assize  Rolls  28th  Edw.  III. 

t  Assize  Rolls  ITth  Edw.  III. 


2u 


166  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 

belonged  to  the  family  of  Le  Taillom-  of  Bodmin.  By  deed  dated  49tli  Edw.  III.  (1375)  it  was 
granted  by  Wuliam  Taillour  of  Bodmin  to  John  de  la  Pole  and  Alice  his  wife,  and  the  heirs  of 
tlieir  bodies  in  fee  tail ;  and  in  1395  an  assize  of  view  of  recognizance  *  was  brought  by  Tliomas 
Paderda  and  Johanna  his  wife,  who  was  the  daughter  and  heir  of  the  abovcmentioned  Wilham 
Taillour,  to  enquire  if  John  Pole,  described  as  of  Peubugel,  sou  of  the  said  John  de  la  Pole,  had 
unjustly  disseised  them  of  the  said  lands.  Thomas  Paderda  and  his  wife  urged  that  the  Charter 
in  question  was  not  made  by  William  Taillour,  and  appealed  to  the  assize  for  verification,  and  to 
William  Bretone  then  Mayor  of  Bodmin,  John  Tyrel,  Vicar  of  Bodmin,  and  other  alleged  witnesses 
to  the  said  Cliarter.  A  day  was  appointed  for  hearing  the  assize,  but  Thomas  and  Johanna  did 
not  appear  to  prosecute  the  suit,  and  judgement  was,  accordingly,  given  in  favour  of  John  Pole. 

Notwithstanding  that  the  estate  is  shewn  to  have  been  vested  in  the  de  la  Pole  family  fi-om 
1375  to  1395,  it  appears  that  in  1380  f  Matilda  who  was  the  wife  of  William  Symonds  levied  a 
fine  of  Tliomas  ffoll  and  Margaret  his  wife  of  seven  messuages  and  forty  acres  of  land  inBodmyn, 
Tregasewyth,  Lostwythyell  and  Penbugel;  and  in  1386, f  John  Lanhergy  and  Johanna  his  wife, 
and  William  T\Iartyn  and  Dyonisia  his  wife,  suffered  a  fine  to  John  Tyrell,  Vicar  of  the  Chui'ch  of 
Bodmj'u,  in  respect  to  lands  in  BodmjTi  and  Penbugel. 

On  the  accession  of  King  Henry  V.  Penbugel,  Penhirgard,  and  other  extensive  jjossessions 
within  the  county  were  held  by  Nicholas  Beket  in  right  of  Johanna  his  wife ;  and  in  the  2nd 
year  of  that  King's  reign  they  suffered  a  fine  §  therein  to  Walter  Penymela,  Clerk  ;  and  the  said 
Walter  granted  the  greater  portion  of  the  lands,  including  Penbugel,  Penhirgard,  and  a  shop  in 
Bodmin,  to  the  said  Nicholas  and  Johanna  and  the  heirs  of  their  bodies,  to  be  held  of  the  chief 
lords  of  the  fee  by  the  rents  and  services  pertaining  thereto  for  ever,  and,  failing  such  heirs, 
remainder  to  the  right  heirs  of  the  said  Johanna.  Other  portions  of  the  estate  ^Valter  Penymela 
granted  to  the  said  Nicholas  and  Johanna  and  the  heirs  of  tlieir  bodies,  and  in  failure  of  such 
heirs,  after  the  deaths  of  the  said  Nicholas  and  Johanna,  remainder  to  William  Beket  and 
Johanna  his  wife  and  the  heirs  of  their  bodies  for  life  ;  and  in  the  event  of  their  deaths  without 
such  issue,  remainder  to  the  right  heirs  of  the  aforesaid  Johanna  the  wife  of  Nicholas. 

In  1480  John  Nayler  levied  a  fine  ||  of  John  Bere  and  Ann  his  wife  of  one  messuage  and 
six  acres  of  land  with  appurtenances  in  Bodmin,  Penbugel,  and  Bodynyell ;  but  this  fine  would 
not  seem  to  have  carried  the  whole  Barton. 

It  afterwards  became  the  property  of  one  of  the  Arundel  family.  Isabel  daughter  and  heir 
of  Richard  Arundel  of  Penbugel  carried  it  in  marriage  to  John  Glynn,  son  of  Thomas  Glynn  of 
Lanhydrock  by  Jane  daughter  and  sole  heir  of  William  Cliker  of  Cliker.^  In  2  Edw.  VI.  John 
Glynn  suffered  a  fine  **  therein  to  Nicholas  Glynn  under  the  desci'iptioii  of  one  messuage,  one 
garden,  100  acres  of  land,  20  acres  of  meadow,  5  acres  of  wood,  and  60  acres  of  brambles  and 
briars,  in  Penbugell  and  Bodmyn.  It  seems,  however,  to  have  passed  out  of  the  family  of  Glynn, 
for  in  the  time  of  Queen  Elizabeth  the  Barton  formed  a  portion  of  the  possessions  of  the  family  of 

*  Assize  Rolls  20tli  Rich.  11,  t  Pedes  Finiuni  4th  Rich.  II.    Eiistcr  No.  i. 

X  Pedes  Finium  10th  Rich.  II.    Mich.  No.  1.  §  Pedes  Finiimi  2ud  Hen.  V  .   Jlich.  No.  2. 

II  Pedes  Finium  20th  Ei'.w.  IV.  Easter.  "J  See  Pedigree  of  Glyuu  iu  Visitation  of  1573. 
*'  Pedes  Fiiiium  2,id  Edw.  VI.   Mich. 


UARTON  OF  PENBUGEL. 


1G7 


Gorges.  In  1590  Tristram  Gorges,  alias  Bodoeashide,  levied  a  fine  *  in  this  Barton  and  other 
lands  of  Thomas  Bodoeashide  and  Margaret  Ids  wife.  A  very  short  time  afterwards  it  passed  by 
fine  from  Humphry  Kempe,  Esq.  and  Jane  his  wife  to  John  Himiphry,  t  and,  a  few  years  later, 
the  same  Humphrey  suffered  a  fine  therein  J  to  Richard  Bailyo. 

At  what  date  the  Barton  again  become  the  inheritance  of  the  fixmily  of  Glynn  we  have  no 
knowledge ;  but  it  formed  part  of  the  possessions  of  that  family  at  the  beginning  of  the  last 
centmy,  and  was  included  in  the  settlement  on  the  mai-riage  of  William  Glynn  of  Glynn  and  Rose 
his  wife  in  1715.  It  shared  the  fate  of  the  rest  of  the  Glynn  estate  in  the  bankruptcy  of  the  late 
Edmund  John  Glymi,  Esq.,  having  been  conveyed,  by  lease  and  release,  dated  respectively  the 
17th  and  18tli  December  1828,  by  Henry  Richard  Glynn  tibe  assignee,  together  with  the  great  or 
sheaf  tithe  thereof,  which  Mr.  Glymi  had  purchased  of  George  Francis  Browne,  Esq.,  to  John 
Nicholls  of  Bodmyn,  Gent.  Li  1837  §  Mr.  Nicholls  conveyed  the  same  to  the  Rev.  John  Glen- 
cross,  Rector  of  Helland,  by  whose  representatives  it  is  now  possessed.  By  a  declaration  dated 
6tli  August,  1839,  the  Rev.  John  Glencross,  with  the  concurrence  of  the  Tithe  Commissioners, 
merged  the  tithes  in  the  freehold. 


KIRLAND. 

This  estate,  though  not  itself  a  manor,  gave  a  specific  designation  to  one  of  the  manors  of 
Bodmin.  It  is  situate  about  a  mile  on  the  south  side  of  Bodmin.  Wo  find  it  mentioned  in  early 
records  under  the  name  of  Crellon.  In  1302  Odo  de  Trerers  and  Rosia  his  wife  petitioned 
against  John  the  son  of  Walter  de  la  Byry  concerning  one  messuage,  four  mills,  and  one  carucate 
of  land,  with  the  appurtenances,  in  Crellon  juxta  Bodmpi.  John  pleaded  that  he  was  not  the 
person  to  be  sued,  for,  although  he  was  the  son  of  a  cei'tain  John  do  la  Byry,  jun.,  there  was 
another  of  the  same  name,  senior,  to  whom  the  writ  should  have  been  directed,  and  therefore 
petitioned  judgment,  j]  In  1369  it  was  held  by  William  Taillour  of  Bodmin,  against  whom 
Tlionuis  Bere  of  Bodmin  took  out  a  writ  for  disseisins;  him  of  his  free  tenement  in  Krelland  biehan 
juxta  Bodmin,  and  recovered  by  default.^  In  the  time  of  Queen  Elizabeth  it  had  passed  to  the 
Courtney  family.  We  find  a  recovery  in  1590,  in  which  Richard  Kempe,  Gent,  was  petitioner 
against  Humphry  Kempe,  Esq.  of  twelve  messuages  aud  divers  lands  (Kyrland  inter  alia),  and 
Francis  Courtney  was  called  to  warrant.**  This  Fi'ancis  Courtney  was  of  Ethcy,  which  formed 
part  of  the  lands  in  question. 

We  have  no  fiu'ther  record  until  the  opening  of  the  18tli  century.  In  1702  it  was  the 
property  of  a  certain  Mr.  Samuel  Bury,  who  in  1708  sold  it  to  Mi-.  Digory  King.  It  remained 
vested  in  the  King  family  for  many  years.     In   1740  Mr.  Hugh  King  of  Roskear  in  St.  Breok 


*  Pedes  Finium  32ii(l  anil  :i;!ril  Eliz.     Mich. 

J  Pecies  Finium  8tli  James.     Faster. 

II  Assize  Rolls  .10  Filw.  I.  m.  10  d. 

•*  Kecovcrics  32  and  33  Eliz.    Michs.  Koll  lix. 


f  Pedes  Finium  2nd  James.   Easter. 
§  Deed  dated  itli  March,  1837. 
f  Assize  Koll  43  Edw.  III.  m.  74. 


168  PARISH  OF  BODMIK. 

built  a  small  genteel  house  and  made  it  bis  residence.  His  son  Mr.  Digory  King  of  Bodmin  •  in 
the  year  1775  sold  it  to  Christopher  Fowler,  who  in  1812  sold  it  to  one  James  Plomer.  It  quickly 
passed  to  the  Jago  family,  who  immediately  alienated  it  to  James  Kemptborne,  Esq.  who  was 
residing  at  Kirland  in  1813.  Mr.  Kemptborne  afterwards  sold  it  to  bis  father-in-law,  George 
Borlase  of  Pendrea,  Esq.  who  also  made  it  bis  residence.  In  1835t  it  was  purchased  by  the  late 
Mr.  John  Cole  Grose  of  Bodmin,  and  it  is  now,  by  bequest  of  Mr.  Grose,  the  property  of  Mr. 
"William  Penny  of  Coombe  Farm,  near  Crewkerne,  co.  Somerset. 


SCARLET'S  WELL. 

About  a  mile  on  the  west  side  of  the  town  is  a  fine  well  of  water  remarkable  for  its  abmidance 
and  purity.  From  time  immemorial  it  has  been  believed  to  possess  special  powers  of  healing,  and 
formerly  it  was  visited  by  the  sick  on  account  of  the  miraculous  powers  of  its  waters.  Even  now 
the  faith  in  its  virtues  is  not  wholly  extinct. 

This  well  probably  derived  its  name  fi'om  a  family  called  Scarlet,  anciently  inhabitants  of  this 
town.  In  2  Edw.  II.  Adam  Scarlet  conveys  to  Gorman  Prior  of  Bodmin  a  tenement  in  Bodmin,! 
possibly  that  on  which  this  famous  well  is  situated.  It  seems  to  have  been  part  of  the  possessions 
of  the  Priory.     Scarlet's  Well  Tenement  now  contains  11a.  2r.  li]).^ 

In  the  time  of  the  Civil  War  it  was  held  by  Simon  CotteU  ||  of  Morewinstow,  Gent,  on  a 
lease  for  99  years  of  the  Lady  Grace  Grenville,  and  it  is  now  the  property,  in  fee,  of  the  repre- 
sentatives of  the  late  Rev.  John  Glencross,  Rector  of  Helland. 


THE  RIVER  ALAN. 

Tliis  river,  with  all  its  tributaries,  except  the  "  Delank,"  is  now  usually  called  the  "  Camel," 
fj-om  its  source  in  Crowdy  Marsh,  in  the  parish  of  Davidstow,  to  its  mouth  in  Padstow  Harbour. 
In  some  instances  we  have  so  spoken  of  it,  but  it  seems  to  be  erroneous.  In  ancient  records 
the  lower  portion  is  frequently  mentioned  as  "  the  Eyle  "  or  "  Haile,"  signifying  an  estuary,  and 
this  designation  would  apply  to  the  river  as  high  as  the  tide  flows.  Above,  the  river  is  always,  in 
ancient  records,  called  the  river  "  Alan  "  or  "  Aleyn,"  and  we  are  incUned  to  think  that  this 
appellation  is  applicable  to  it  to  its  source.  Tlie  Camel  river,  we  think,  is  that  which,  having  its 
source  in  Davidstow,  flows  by  Camelford  and  unites  with  tlie  Alan  at  "  The  Devil's  Jump."      The 

•  Addl.  MSS.  9120,  216.  t  Title  Deeds  iu  the  possession  of  Mr.  Penny. 

%  Deed  at  Tregotham.  §  Parish  Map. 

II  This  Simon  Cottell  was  captain  of  a  troop  of  horse  In  the  army  of  Charles  I.,  and  was  Treasurer  of  the  Army  for  the 
county  of  Cornwall.  {Si/montls'  Diary,  p.  77.  Camd.  Sue.  18.59.)  His  estates  were  sequestrated  by  Cromwell,  and  he 
compounded  for  them  by  the  payment  of  a  heavy  fine.  (Royalist  Com.  Papers,  1st  Series,  xvi.  pp.  601,  605;  2nd  Series, 
vol.  xlv.  flf.  79  to  83.) 


scarlet's  well. — THE  RIVER  ALAN.  169 

upper  part  of  the  Alan,  according  to  tliis  definition,  separates  the  parishes  of  St.  Breward  and 
Advent,  and  uniting  these  two  parishes  is  a  ford  called  "  Alan  ford,"  corresponding  with  "  Camel- 
ford  "  on  its  tributary. 

The  fishing  throughout  the  whole  of  the  river  Alan  was  granted  by  King  John  to  the  Prior 
and  Convent  of  Bodmin,  which  grant  was  confirmed  by  many  subsequent  Charters.  Prior  Wands- 
worth, by  indenture  dated  20th  Sept.  29th  Henry  VIII.  granted  the  Manor  of  Withiel*  and  the 
Advowson  of  the  Church,  with  their  appui'tenances,  together  with  tlie  common  jislnng  througlioute 
the  hole  water  of  Aleyn  and  Eyle,  to  Laurence  Kendall  and  Katherine  Monday,  which  the  same 
Laui-ence  should  marry,  to  hold  the  same  without  iuipeachment  of  waste  to  them  and  their  heirs 
for  the  term  of  99  years,  at  the  rent  of  10/.  per  annum.  The  fishing  in  the  Alan  thus  became 
attached  to  the  Manor  of  Withiel.  It  was  on  18  Nov.  1567  regranted  by  the  Crown,  together 
with  tlie  Manor  and  Advowson  of  Withiel,  to  Richard  Senhouse  for  the  term  of  21  years  ;t  at  the 
expiration  of  which  term,  viz.  on  4th  April  1589,  the  Manor  of  Withiel,  with  all  its  members  and 
appui'tenances,  and  also  the  free  fishery  of  the  whole  of  the  waters  of  Alan  andEyle,  were  granted 
in  fee-farm  to  Kiehard  Branthwaite  and  Roger  Bromley,  Esquires,  and  to  their  heirs  and  assigns 
for  ever,  at  the  annual  rent  of  10/.  f  The  said  fee-farm  rent  was,  on  13th  February  1672,  sold  by 
Francis  Lord  Hawley  and  other  trustees  appointed  by  the  King  and  Parliament  for  the  sale  of 
fee-farm  and  other  small  rents  to  Edward  Boscawen  of  Tregothnan,  Esq.§  The  manor  is  now 
the  property  of  Sir  Richard  Vyvyan,  Bart,  but  how  acquired  we  know  not. 


THE  BAILIWICK  OF  THE  HUNDRED  OF  TRIGG. 

To  the  bailiwick  of  the  Hundred  of  Trigg  were  attached  two  small  fields  in  the  parish  of 
Bodmin,  and  a  tenement  in  St.  Teath.  One  of  these  fields  is  still  called  "High  Bailiff,"  and  is 
numbered  1482  on  the  parish  map.  John  Edyvean,  the  last  high  bailiff  of  the  hundred,  who 
died  in  1824,  held  his  courts  in  this  field,  and  appointed  his  subordinate  officers.  The  other  field 
we  have  not  been  able  to  identify.  In  1813  both  were  held  by  a  son  of  Sir  James  Laroche  and 
formed  the  only  lands  remaining  to  that  family  in  the  county.  || 

•  Survey  of  the  Manor  of  Withiel,  dated  15  Aug.  1  Eliz.  Court  of  Augmentation.     Par.  of  Leases,  Roll  5,  No.  21. 

t  Particulars  of  Leases,  Court  of  Augmentation,  Roll  5,  No.  51. 

%  Pat.  Rolls,  31  Elizab.  Part.  7,  m.  28.  §  Close  Rolls,  21  Ch.  H.  Part  22,  m.  34. 

II  Add.  MSS.  ai20,  242. 


2  X 


170 


FAMILY  HISTOKY. 


DE  BODMIN. 


Of  the  ancient  families  of  this  town,  that  which  claims  our  first  notice,  as  well  fi-om  its 
antiquity  as  from  its  having  derived  its  name  from  the  town  itself,  is  the  family  designated  de 
Bodmin.  Many  notices  of  this  old  family  occur  in  the  earliest  records  extant.  We  find  Alured 
de  Bomine  in  6  Rich.  I.  sued  in  the  Court  of  the  King  *  by  the  Canons  of  Exeter,  concerning 
certain  lands,  to  which  in  the  year  following  he  acknowledged  their  right.f  Matilda  de  Bomine 
is  mentioned  as  the  sister  of  Ralph  de  Bloyou  in  1202.  Her  husband's  name  is  unknown. 
Julius  de  BomineJ  and  Isolda  his  wife  petitioned  against  Walter  le  Bere  concerning  one  mill  and 
three  acres  of  land  without  Bodmine  in  1252.  §  Roger  de  Bodmin  and  Matilda  his  wife  were  sued 
by  Walter  Bishop  of  Exeter  concerning  a  road  adjoining  their  land  in  Bodmin  in  1258. ||  Randolph 
de  Bodmin  and  Matilda  his  wife  appear  in  1286,^  but  whether  this  Randolph  was  the  son  of  the 
above  Julius  or  of  Roger  we  have  no  evidence  to  show.  He  had  a  son  Robert  who  had  a  son 
Thomas.**  Pr(jbably  Amadis,  who  was  three  times  burgess  for  the  borough  in  Parliament,  viz.  in 
7th  and  again  twice  in  the  8th  year  of  King  Edw.  II.  was  also  son  of  Randolph. tt  He  was  the 
first  bm-gess  of  Bodmin  to  whom  wages  were  granted  for  his  attendance  in  Parliament.  J  f  Amadis 
had  a  son  John,  and  probably  he  was  also  the  father  of  Roger  mentioned  in  1330,  and  the  grand- 
father of  Roger  who  is  stated  to  have  been  mayor  in  1359.  §§  Richard  de  Bodman  was  one  of  the 
collectors  of  the  Port  of  Exeter,  and  of  the  Customs  upon  wines,  ifec.  granted  by  the  Merchants 
Sti'angers.  His  commission  was  tested  at  Bishop's  Thorp  5th  June  16th  Edw.  II.  ||  1|  (1323).  John, 
son  of  Ralph  de  Bodman,  died  in  1369.^^  Otho  de  Bodman  was  one  of  the  collectors  of  the 
subsidy  granted  1st  Rich.  II.***  (1377),  as  was  Robert  de  Bodman  in  the  6th  of  the  same  King's 
reign.  The  same  Robert  was  burgess  in  Parliament  for  Launccston  in  the  following  year,ttt«rid 
he  is  mentioned  in  the  Assize  RoU  of  1386.  Jtt  Others  of  the  name  of  Bodman  and  Bodmin  occur 
at  later  dates.  We  find  John  Bodmin  assessed  to  the  subsidy  in  the  parish  of  Holland  as  late  as 
the  35  Henry  VIII.§§§  (151:3),  but,  as  yet,  we  are  destitute  of  sufficient  evidence  to  construct,  with 

•  Rot.  Cur.  Reg.  6tli  Rich.  I.  t  Pedes  Fiiiium  7th  Rich.  I. 

I  Assize  Rolls  3rd  Johu.  §  Assize  Rolls  37th  Hen.  III. 

II  Assize  Rolls  43rd  Hen.  HI.  t  Assize  Rolls  14th  Edw.  I. 
*•  Assize  Rolls  10th  and  14th  Edw.  I.  and  7th  Edw.  III.  ft  See  ante. 

It  Assize  Rolls  10th  Edw.  H.  §§  Bodmin  Register,  p.  404. 

II II  Writs  of  Pari.  vol.  ii.  228.  Ut   Olntuary  of  the  Friars  Minors. 

**•  lurolment  of  Taxes  1st  Rich.  II.  Pipe  Office.  ttt   Writs  of  Pari.  7th  Rich.  II. 

ttt  Assize  Rolls  9th  Rich.  U.  §§§  Subsidy  Rolls. 


FAMILY  HISTOKT. — DE  BODMrN. 


171 


acciu'acy,  a  continuous  pedigree ;  nevertheless  we  have  attempted  one,  the  doubtful  descents 
being  shown  with  dotted  lines. 

Mr.  AVallis  *  alludes  to  tlie  village  of  Bodmin,  with  its  ruinated  castle,  on  the  margin  of  the 
Lake  of  Constance,  which  belonged  to  the  noble  family  of  Bodmann,  or  Bodmin,  as  early  as  1146, 
and  suggests  that  it  may  have  owed  its  foundation  to  some  migratory  inhabitant  of  Bodmin  in 
Cornwall.  Mi*.  Wallis  was  not  aware  that  tliere  was  a  Bodmin  family  of  some  importance  so 
designated,  which  fact  seems  to  add  strength  to  his  conjecture  ;  for  it  is  quite  possible  that  some 
member  of  the  family,  having  joined  in  the  Crusade,  may  eventually  have  settled  at  this  beautiful 
spot. 

The  name  of  Bodman  is  still  extant.  The  will  of  William  Bodman  of  Berks  was  proved 
in  the  Prerogative  Court  of  Canterbuiy  in  1791,  and  that  gentleman's  grandson,  Mr.  Benja- 
min Bodman,  is  now  living  in  London.  This  family  is  said  to  have  come  from  Wiltshire,  and 
it  is  not  improbable  that  they  are  descended  from  the  ancient  family  of  Bodman  of  wliich  we  have 
above  ti'eated. 

DE  BODMIN  FAMILY. 


Alured  de  Bomine,  acknowledged  the  riglit=p.. 
of  the  Canons  of  Exeter  to  six  acres  of  land  j 
in  St.  Piran.     Pedes  Finium   7  Rich.  I.;  see- 
alsoKot.  Ctu-.  Reg.  vol.  i.  118,  C  Kich.  I.  (1194).  = 


,.de  Bomine.^Matilda  de  Bomine,  sister  of  Ralph  de  Bloiho,  mentioned 
:  Rot.  de  Banco,  3  John  (1202). 


Jnlius  de  Bomine,  living  37^Isolda, 
Hen.   III.   (1252),  petitioned:  37th 
against  Walter  le  Bcra  con- 1  H.  III. 
cerning   one   mill  and   three  |  (1252). 
acres  of  land  without  Bomine.  '• 


Roger  de  Bodmine,  sued  hy  Wal^=Ma-  Nicho- 

ter  Bishop  of  Exeter  concerning     til-  las  de 

aroadatBodniinherondtheland     da.  Bod- 

of  Roger  and  Matilda  his  wife.  min. 
Ass.  Roll  43  Hen.  UI.  (1258). 


Randolph  Bodmin.      Ass.  RollT=Matilda,  widow  in 
U  Edw.  I.  (1286).  Dead  in  1291.     30  Edw.  I.  (1291). 


Nicholas  de  Bodmin,  dead-j- 
before30Edw.  I.  (1291) 


Robert  Bodmin,-p Amadis  de  Bodmin,  hurgess  in^ Mabel,  dau.  and- 


A  dauj 
ter. 


;h-=F.. 


..de  Lanne- 
deweu. 


10   Edw. 
Edw.  I. 


I.    14 


I'arlianient  the  7tli  and  again 
the  8th  Edw.  II.  (1313-1314). 


heir;  died  before 
30  Edw.  I.  s.  p. 


^Michael, 
Clerk. 


John  de  Lannedewcn,  living 
30  Edw.  1.  (Ass.  Roll),  heir 
of  Nicholas  de  Bodmin. 


Thomas  de  Bodm  in,  son 
of  Robert.  Ass.  lloll 
7  Edw.  III.  (1333). 


I—'- 

Roger  de  Bodmin, 
mentioned  3  Edw. 
III.  (1330). 


I 
John  de  Bodmin,  son=p.. 
of  Amadis.     Ass.  Roll  '■ 
10  Edw.  II.  (1316).        i 


Roger  de  Bodmin,  mayor 
1359.     Comw.  Reg. 


Peter  de  Bodman.     Ass. 
Roll,  21  Edw.  III.  (1348). 


William  Bodman.    Ass. 
Roll  21  Edw.  III. 


David  Bodman.   Ass. 
Roll  21  Edw.  III. 


Cornwall  Register,  p.  151. 


172  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 


ST.  MARGARET. 

We  find  the  family  of  St.  Margaret  taking  a  high  place  among  the  burgesses  of  Bodmin  at 
a  remote  date.  The  earliest  mention,  however,  which  Ave  have  discovered  of  the  name  is  in 
connection  with  lands  in  Blislaud,  though  the  St.  Margarets  were  doubtless  inhabitants  of 
Bodmin.  In  the  10th  Edw.  I.  (1282)  William  son  of  Walter  de  St.  Margaret  complained  of 
John  de  Grelles  and  John  and  William  his  sons,  Henry  Tyrel  and  Laurence  de  Penhyrghard  for 
unjustly  disseizing  him  of  his  free  tenements  in  Treliudred,  Kcrnoek,  and  Penstradou.*  From  a 
record  two  yeai-s  later  it  appears  that  the  St.  Margarets  were  descended  from  the  Tracys,  who 
held  considerable  estates  in  the  counties  of  Devon  and  Cornwall  in  the  reign  of  Edw.  I.  It  is 
recorded  in  the  Assize  Roll  of  12th  Edw.  I.  that  an  assize  was  taken  to  enquire  if  William  Tracy, 
father  of  Boland  de  St.  Margaret,  died  seized  of  half  an  acre  of  land  in  Mederin  juxta  Bradiford 
(in  Blislaud).  The  jury  found  that  the  said  William  did  die  so  seized,  and  Roland  recovered 
seizin  against  Henry  de  Peverel.f  Richard  de  St.  Margaret  held  the  manor  of  Lantyan  in  1293, { 
and  was  selected  as  one  of  the  burgesses  in  Parliament  for  Bodmin  in  23rd  Edw.  I.  (1294)  §  to 
whi|ch  Parliament  boroughs  were  first  required  to  send  representatives.  He  tested  a  deed  as  pre- 
poitus  of  Bodmin  dated  34th  Edw.  I.  1305.  ||  The  St.  Margarets  had  a  seat  at  St.  Margai'et 
Bodkenna,  whence  the  name  was  derived,  and  also  a  mansion  at  Cabilia  in  Cardinham. 

We  find  Adam  de  St.  Margaret  Propositus  of  Bodmin  in  32  Edw.  I.^  in  which  year  he  had 
possession  of  a  field  in  Bodmin,  which  he  held  for  a  year  and  a  day,  the  same  having  been 
forfeited  by  Ralf  Corteis,  who,  for  felony,  fled  the  King's  dominions,  as  found  by  a  jury,  the 
names  of  whom,  as  ancient  inhabitants  of  Bodmin,  are  deserving  of  notice :  they  were  Walter  de 
St.  Margaret,  Roger  Martin,  Godfrey  le  Mercer,  William  Roscarrock,  John  de  Rupe,  William 
Bolger,  John  de  la  Bury,  Roger  Mathieu,  Ralf  Goldsmith,  Roger  Penbreg,  and  Nicholas  de 
Bodiniel.** 

In  7th  Edw.  II.  Adam  de  St.  Margaret  and  Richard  de  St.  Margaret  were  pledges  for 
William  de  St.  Margaret  in  a  plea  of  novel  disseisin  against  John  sou  of  John  Chaumon,  and 
because  William  made  default  in  prosecution  his  pledges  were  in  mercy. ft 

In  1313  William  sou  of  Walter  de  St.  Margaret  recovered  upon  a  plea  of  novel  disseizin 
against  Philip  de  Keruyck  and  Mabil  his  wife,  Ralph  son  of  Osbert  le  Porter,  Henry  de  Pen- 
harth,  Geoffry  de  Penliarth,  Nicholas  le  Havcnoi-,t]:  and  Roger  Helegy  four  messuages  with 
appurtenances  in  Pencarrekwoelas  and  Pencarrekwartha.§§ 

•  Assize  Rolls  10th  Edw.  I.  t  Assize  Rolls  12th  Edw.  I. 

J  Esc.  21st  Edw.  I.  m.  148.  §  Rolls  of  Parliament.     See  List  of  Burgesses. 

II  Tregothnan  Muniments. 

^  It  ajipears  from  the  Sheriff's  Accounts  34th   Edw.  I.   (Pipe  Office)  that  Adam  de  St.  Margaret,  Richard  de  St. 
Margaret,  and  Walter  de  St.  Margaret  dealt  largely  in  tin. 

•*  Esc.  32nd  Edw.  I.  No.  77.  ft  Assize  Rolls  7th  Edw.  11.  %%  "  -"^  receiver  of  dues." 

§§  Assize  Rolls  7th  Edw.  II. 


FAMILY  HISTORY. — ST.  MARGARET.  173 

In  1315  RiclianI  de  St.  Margaret  and  Edward  de  Lancarf,  who  had  taken  out  a  writ  of 
assize  of  novel  disseizin  against  Herman  Tyrel  of  a  tenement  in  Stokeleigh  (in  Bh'sland)  juxta 
Colvannok,  did  not  prosecute.  Herman  retained  his  seizin,  and  Richard  and  Eilward  and  their 
sureties  ft)r  prosecution,  viz.,  William  de  St.  Margaret  and  Walter  de  Tregellest,  remained  in 
mercy.* 

In  1323  Walter  de  St.  Margaret,  who  had  taken  out  a  writ  of  assize  of  novel  disseizin 
against  Henry  de  la  Pomeroy  and  others  of  tenements  in  Tredenes  juxta  Landwynnek,  Treuranek 
juxta  Beswythghi,  and  Rosemordo  juxta  Treworgy,  did  not  prosecute,  and  therefore  he  and  his 
sureties,  William  Scor  and  Walter  son  of  Adam  Carburra,  remained  in  mercy. f 

At  the  same  assize  Richard  de  St.  Margaret,  who  had  taken  out  a  writ  of  assize  of  novel 
disseizin  against  Johanna  who  was  the  wife  of  Alan  de  Bloyou  and  others  of  tenements  in 
Trewassa  juxta  the  Church  of  St.  David,  and  Upton  juxta  Trelay,  did  not  prosecute,  therefore  he  and 
his  sureties  for  prosecution,  viz.,  William  Carburra  and  Richard  de  Trewynt,  remained  in  mercj-. 

Walter  do  St.  Margaret  died  in  1324.  It  a])pears  fi-om  his  inquisition  post  mortem,  taken 
at  Cabilia  in  that  year,  before  John  Abel,  Esc.  that  the  said  Walter  on  the  day  on  which  he  died 
was  seized  in  demesne  as  of  fee  of  land  in  the  hamlet  of  Cabilia,  which  he  held  in  capite  as  of 
the  honour  of  Launceston,  in  socage,  rendering  one  capam  de  grisantoX  so  often  as  the  King 
should  cross  Poulston  Bridge  into  Cornwall,  which  cape  was  to  be  of  the  value  of  16rf.  The  jury 
found  that  Adam  de  St.  Margaret  was  son  and  heir  of  the  said  Walter,  and  was  of  the  age  of 
40  ycar.-;.§ 

Richard  de  St.  Margaret, ||  who,  it  is  presumed,  was  brother  of  the  above  Waltei',  died  in 
1325  seized  of  several  manors  and  lands.  Among  them  the  manors  of  Lantian,  Treglast,  Rose- 
wick,  and  Treverne  (Trewornan  in  St.  Minver  ?),  and  also  of  a  burgage  in  Bodmin,  and  seven 
acres  of  land  without  the  borough ;  and  further  of  certain  lands  at  Kellignou  which  he  held  of 
Johanna  who  was  the  wife  of  John  le  Seneschal,  as  of  the  manor  of  Holland,  in  socage,  at  the 
rent  of  2s.  per  annum  and  suit  at  court.  The  jury  found  Walter,  son  of  the  said  Richard,  to  be 
his  nearest  heir,  and  to  be  of  the  age  of  19  years.lf 

In  1335  Thomas,  son  of  Thomas  de  Widiawallas,  took  out  a  writ  of  assize  of  novel  dis- 
seizin to  enquire  if  Roger  son  of  William  do  St.  Margaret  and  Johanna  his  wife,  William  de  St. 
Margaret  of  Kernek,  and  Nicholas  Honymau  had  disseized  him  of  his  free  tenement  in  Gi'ene- 
Inn-gh  juxta  Temple.  As  Grencburgh  was  described  in  the  writ  as  a  hamlet,  and  as  it  was  neither 
a  village  nor  a  hamlet,  the  plaintiff  was  nonsuited.** 

In  1340  Thomas  son  of  Thomas  do  Wydewallas  had  a  writ  of  assize  of  novel  disseizin  to 

•  Assize  Roll  Oth  Edw.  II.  f  Assize  Roll  IGth  Eilw.  II. 

J  It  api)ears  from  the  Red  Book  of  the  Exchequer,  fo.  llii,  that  the  manor  of  Cahilia  was  held  by  the  same  service  at 
an  early  date:  "Pctnis  fil'  Ogcri  40s.  in  Cabulion  per  imam  Capam  dc  Gresengo  in  aducntu  d'ni  Regis  in  Conuibiam. 
Rogerus  Cithared'  '>s.  pro  portanda  ilia  eapa  dum  Re.\  fuerit  in  Coniubia."  This  document  is  printed,  though  very  incor- 
rectly, in  Carcw's  Survey  of  Cornwall,  pp.  44-4(;.  §  Inq.  p.  m.  18th  Edw.  II.  No.  77. 

II  Richard  de  St.  Margaret,  Praspositus  of  Bodmin,  witnessed  a  deed  34th  Edw.  I.  A.D.  1305.     Tregothnan. 

1  Inci.  p.  m.  18th  Edw.  11.  No.  77.  ♦*  Assize  Rolls  9th  E<lw.  III. 

2  Y 


174  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 

enquire  if  the  aforesaid  Roger,  Johanna,  and  WiUiain  had  unjustly  disseized  him  of  his  free 
tenement  in  Ti'eyudreth*  (Trehudreth). 

With  one  exception,  we  fail  to  trace  the  family  after  this  date,  and  think  the  elder  branch 
soon  became  extinct,  the  lands  being  carried  by  marriage  into  the  Carburra  family,  in  which  family 
the  St.  Margaret  estates  are  found  to  be  vested  iu  31)  Edw.  III.  From  Carburra  they  passed 
to  the  family  of  Lucombe,  and  we  find  the  name  of  Thomas  Margaret  as  one  of  the  witnesses  to 
a  charter  of  Thomas  Lucombe  conveying  the  manor  of  Cabilia  to  Thomas  Flamank  and  others  in 
3rd  Henry  VII. 

The  materials  at  present  are  too  slender  to  ena])le  us  construct,  with  any  degree  of  accuracy, 
a  table  of  descent  of  this  family. 

DE  CAEBURRA. 

The  name  of  this  family  is  derived  from  the  Manor  of  Carburra  in  St.  Neot,  and  probably  a 
junior  branch  may  have  given  the  name  to  Cai-buri-a  in  Warleggan.  We  find  Henry  de  Car- 
burra of  Carbm-ra  in  40th  Henry  III.  (1256)  levied  a  fine  on  the  death  of  his  ancestor  of  Walter 
de  Bui-chelle  and  Lucy  his  wife  of  150  aci'es  of  land  with  appurtenances  in  Cai-burra,  when  the 
said  Walter  acknowledged  the  right  of  the  said  Henry  and  agreed  to  hold  the  premises  of  him, 
doing  all  such  services  as  belonged  to  the  said  laud.f  Some  members  of  the  family  would  seem, 
however,  to  have  been  settled  in  Bodmin  at  an  early  date.  Walter  Carburra  of  Bodmin  was  a 
merchant  there  in  12th  Edw.  I.  (1284)  when  he  was  amerced  for  selling  wine  contrary  to  the 
assise.J  He  was  again  amerced  for  a  similar  offence  in  30th  Edw.  I.  and  in  the  same  year  § 
Adam  de  Carburra  took  out  a  writ  of  trespass  against  Adam  Scarlet  of  Bodmin,  and  did  not 
prosecute,  therefore  he  and  his  pledges  remained  in  mercy.  ||  In  7th  Edw.  II.  we  find  Adam  de 
Cai'buiTa  and  Walter  his  son,  Master  IT  Richard  de  Carburra,  William  de  Carburra,  Richard  son 
of  Richard  de  Carbm-ra,  with  several  others,  were  sued  by  Stephen  de  Trewent  of  Bodmin  for 
disseizing  him  of  his  free  tenement  in  Bodmin  ;  and  in  the  same  year  William  de  Carburra  was  one 
of  the  burgesses  for  the  borough  in  the  two  j^arliameuts  held  in  that  year  at  Westminster.  For  the 
first  parliament  Richard  de  Carburra  and  Adam  de  Carburra  were  his  manucaptors  or  sureties. 
In  this  same  year  Roger  Mathew  of  Bodmin  took  out  a  writ  of  novel  disseizin  against  Ilicliard  de 
Carburra  concerning  premises  in  Bodmin,  and  in  the  same  year  Alicia  daughter  of  Gregory  le 
Mareschal  of  Bodmin  obtained  a  writ  of  novel  disseizin  against  Adam  de  Carbmra  and  others. 
]  n  1 2  Edw.  II.  Richard  de  Carburra  was  burgess  in  Parliament,  and  William  and  Walter  were 
his  sureties.  In  16th  Edw.  II.  Walter  son  of  Adam  de  Carburra  was  amerced  as  a  pledge  for 
Walter  de  St.  Margaret.     In  the  same  year  William  do  Carburra  **  was  amerced  as  a  pledge  for 

*  Assize  Kolls  10th  to  1-lth  Edw.  III.  t  Pedes  Finium  40th  Hen.  IU.     Mich.  J  Assize  Rolls  12th  Edw.  I. 

§  Assize  Rolls  30th  Edw.  I.  ||  Assize  30th  Edw.  I. 

"1  The  "  JIagistcr "'  signifies  that  he  was  a  graduate  at  one  of  the  universities. 

•*  William  Carburra  was  assessed  to  the  Subsidr  in  Bodmyn  iu  the  reign  of  Edward  III.,  year  unknown.     Subsidy 
Rolls  Sf 


t 

5 


FAMILY  HISTORY.— BE  CARBUKRA.  175 

Richard  de  St.  Margaret.  He  is  again  mentioned  in  the  3rd  and  7th  Edward  III.  (1320  and 
1333).  In  14th  Edw.  III.  Roger  Carburra  of  Bodmin  took  out  a  writ  of  novel  disseisin  against 
John,  Prior  of  Bodmin,  and  others  concerning  tenements  in  Villa  Sanctis  Margaretse  juxta 
Kyngiswode.  Walter  Carburra  and  John  Brown  were  his  pledges  for  prosecution,  and  were 
amerced  because  Roger  did  not  appear.  From  this  record  we  conclude  that  about  this  date  the 
possessions  of  tiie  St.  Margaret  family  had  passed  to  the  Carburras.  The  heiress  was  probably 
Merolda  who  was  the  wife  of  Walter  de  Carburra,  who  was  living  in  1313,  which  Merolda  was 
the  mother  of  Walter  son  of  Walter,  and  pi'obably  of  the  above-named  Roger.  Roo-er  was 
burgess  in  Parliament  in  the  8th  and  21st  Edw.  III.  and  would  seem  to  have  died  without 
issue.  Walter  de  Carburra  described  as  of  Cabilia  was  in  possession  of,  appai'ently,  all  the 
St.  Margaret  estates,  for  by  charter,  dated  at  Bodmin  39th  Edw.  III.  (136G),  he  granted  to  John 
Kylmynau  of  Brothek  all  his  messuages  and  lands  in  Cabilia,  Treutheret,  in  the  town  of  St. 
Margaret  Bodkennow,  and  elsewhere  in  Cornwall,  including  one  fulling  mill  with  appurtenances 
in  Treutheret,  and  two  corn  mills  in  the  town  of  St.  Margaret,  with  remainder  to  Walter  his  son, 
and  to  his  sons  heirs  begotten  of  the  body  of  Isabella,  daughter  of  Thomas  de  la  fford,  to  be  held 
of  the  heirs  of  the  said  Walter  by  the  service  of  one  grain  of  wheat.  The  place  called  St.  Margaret 
was  undoubtedly  near  IMargate  Bridge,  as  appears  by  the  writ  taken  out  against  the  Prior  of 
Bodmin  above  mentioned.  And  also  by  a  grant  made  a  few  months  earlier  by  the  same  Walter 
Carburra  of  Cabilia  to  John  Rogger,  miller,  and  Peutacosta  his  wife,  and  the  heirs  of  their  bodies, 
of  one  park,  with  its  appurtenances,  lying  between  the  park  of  Walter  Score  on  the  one  side,  and 
the  park  of  the  Prior  of  Bodmin  on  the  other  side.  This  deed  is  witnessed,  among  others,  by  John 
Knouwy,  Mayor  of  Bodmin.  The  Prior  of  Bodmin  had  a  residence  at  St.  Margaret,  whither  Prior 
Germanus  retired  when  pensioned  in  1310.* 

In  134:7t  Alan  do  Carburra  obtained  a  writ  of  assize  of  view  of  recognisance,  to  enquire 
if  Walter  the  son  of  Adam  do  Carburra  had  disseized  him  of  a  free  tenement  in  Bodmin.  The 
case  went  to  the  assize,  and  the  jury  found  that  a  certain  Master  Richard  de  Carburra,  father  of 
Alan,  was  seized  of  the  tenement  in  question  in  demesne  as  of  fee ;  which  tenement  he  gave  to 
the  said  AJan  and  Edonea  his  wife,  and  to  the  heirs  of  their  bodies ;  and  that  Alan  and  Edonea 
were  seized  thereof,  and  continued  seized  until  Alan  went  beyond  the  seas ;  and  that  whilst  ho 
remained  there  Edonea  gave  the  tenement  to  Walter.  Afterwards  Alan  returned  and  removed 
Walter,  and  of  the  said  tcnemont  was  seized  until  Walter  by  force  disseized  him.  It  was  decreed 
that  Alan  should  recover  seizin  with  damages. 

William  Carbui'ra  was  assessed  to  the  subsidy  levied  upon  all  fi'ee  tenants  holding  lands  of 
the  value  of  40s.  per  annum  and  more  in  29  Henry  VI.{  (1451).  He  was  probably  the  son  of  the 
last-mentioned  Walter,  and  the  father  of  Alice,  who,  as  daughter  and  heir  of  William  CarbiuTa,§ 
carried  all  the  possessions  of  the  family  above  enumerated  in  marriage  to  Thomas  Lucombe,  who 

•  In  1437  John  Carburra,  rector  of  the  church  of  Michaclstow,  was  permitted  to  exchange  benefices  with  Julin  Kcllj-, 
dean  ni  the  collegiate  chm-cli  of  Carentoc.     (Bishop  Lacy's  Reg.  Vol.  II.  fol.  153.) 
t  Assize  Rolls  21st  Edw.  III. 
X  Sul)sidy  Rolls  L",lth  Henry  VI.  K.  §  Ilarl.  MS.  1071)  fo.  105. 


176  PARISn  OF  BODMIX. 

was  mayor  of  Bodniiu  in  1438  and  in  14411.  This  Thomas  Lucombe,  as  Thomas  Lucombe  senior, 
by  deed  dated  at  Christmas  29  Hen,  VI.  (1450),  granted  to  Henry  Gurlj-n,  clerk,*  and  John  Luky 
of  Padstowe,  a  certain  tenement  in  Bodmin  called  "  Le  Rynesti'ete  ;"  the  deed  being  witnessed 
by  Thomas  Bcre,  mayor,  and  Edward  Beket,  provost.  Thomas  Lucombe, f  son  and  heir  of  the 
above  Thomas,  was  mayor  from  1463  to  14(37,  avid  again  from  1477  to  1483,  altogether  12  years. 
He  married  Joane,  or  Jane,  daughter  and  heir  of  Sir  Andrew  Heligan  of  Heligan  in  St.  Mabyn, 
which  manor,  together  with  other  lands,  he  thus  inherited.  He  was  instrumental  in  the  erection 
of  the  church  tower  at  St.  Mabyn,  and  his  arms  J  are  carved  on  one  of  the  bosses  of  the  weather- 
moulding  of  the  door.  He  left  two  daughters,  one  of  whom,  Joane,  became  the  wife  of  Richard 
Flamank  of  Boscarne,  and  the  other,  Mary,  married  William  Vaughan, 

Henet  de  Carbueea  of  Carbnrra,  40th  Hen.  III.  125B.=p 

, r -^--1 

William  do  Carbnrra,  Walter  Carbnrra  of  Bodmyn,=p Richard  (le  Carbnrra,-p 

As.s.  Rolls,  10th  Ed«-.  I.  ll'th  Edw.  I.  :  10th  Edw.  1.  (1281).  j 

r -r -J  r ^ 

Walter  dc  Carburra,  living=f:iIerolda,  living     (llagrister)  Richard  de  Carbnrra,  liring-^ Adam  de  Carbnrra,-,- 

rth  Edw.  II.  (1313).        I  1366.  7th  Edw.  II.  (1335)  16th  Ed.  II.  j  living  1313.  I 

r -• r -I  1 ' 1  I ' 

Roger   de    Carbnrra=.Johanna,  Walter     de=p William  Alan,  As3.=Edonea.  Richard,  Walter  de   Car- 

of  Bodmvn:    living     widow,  Carburra  de  de  Car-  Roll  17th  Ass.  Roll  burra.  Ass.  Roll 

1340 ;     Bargess     in     30th  Ed.  Carbilia  hurra,  Edw.  III.,  7th  Edw.  7th     Edw.     II., 

Pari.    8th    and    21st     III.  (1340),  living  in  27th  Edw.  II.  16th     and    17th 

Edw.  III.     Died  be-  living  1340.  III.  Edw.    III.,   and 

fore  30th  Edw.  III.  in  1366.  21st  Edw.  lU. 

Walter  de  Carbnrra.  living  I366.T=IsaheIla,  dan.  of  Thomas  de  la  Ford. 

r -" 

y\  illiam  Carbnrra,  living  14oO.=f= 


Alice,  dau.  and  heir  ;  mar.  Thomas  Lucombe. 


DE  BODYNIEL. 


The  family  of  Bodyniel,  deriving  its  name  from  the  Manor  of  Bodyniel,  is  found  mentioned 
in  very  early  records.  In  1286  an  assize  of  view  of  recognizance  was  granted  to  enquire  if 
Johanna  daughter  of  Stepheii  le  Sevs,  John  son  of  Nicholas  de  Bodynyel,  John  le  Bere,  Stephen  le 
Bere,  Roger  Penbrek,  William  Treweseper,  Robert  Ylger,  and  Alexander  son  of  Nicholas  de 
Bodynyel,  had  unjustly,  &c.  disseised  Michael  de  Talglighy  of  his  free  tenement  in  Bodui}-n  and 
Nether  Bod}-nyel.  It  appears  from  the  pleadings  that  the  said  Johanna  had  married  a  certain 
John  de  Bodynyel  from  whom  she  had  been  divorced  before  the  issue  of  the  writ,  and  that  Michael 
de  Talglighy  held  the  lands  from  a  certain  Lucy  his  wife  (by  whom  he  had  offspring),  according 

*  Instituted  to  the  vicarage  of  Bodmin  1430,  died  1474. 

t  In  8th  Edw.  IV.  he  received  by  Letters  Patent  a  general  pardon  for  all  offences,  and  in  the  same  year  he  paid  the 
fine  for  not  taking  up  his  knighthood. — Repertories,  Memoranda  Rolls  of  the  Exchequer. 
t  Argent,  a  saltier  sable  between  four  estoiles  gules. 


FAMILY  HISTORY — DE  LANCARFE. 


177 


to  the  law  of  England.*  Nicholas  Bodynyel  is  mentioned  in  1287, f  and  in  130-4  he  was  one  of 
the  jurors  in  the  inquisition  concerning  Kalpli  Curteis.J  In  26th  Ed w.  I.  Richard  de  Bodyniel 
was  one  of  the  Burgesses  in  Pai-liament  for  Bodmin, §  and  in  the  next  parliament  Thomas  de 
Bodiniel  was  manueaptor  for  Eieliard  do  la  Pole.§  In  1307  Thomas  Bodyniel  was  one  of  the 
defendants  with  German,  Prior  of  Bodmin,  and  others  in  a  writ  of  novel  disseizin  taken  out  by 
Isolda,  who  had  been  the  wife  of  AVilliam  Roskarrekmur,  concerning  lands  in  Bodmin.  Clement 
Bodynyel  was  assessed  to  the  subsidy  in  Bodmin  parish  (without  the  town)  in  1327.  ||  John 
BodynwcU  is  mentioned  in  1334,  and  again  in  1351.11  Roger  Bodynyel  was  assessed  to  the  subsidy 
in  Bodmyn,  and  appears  to  have  been  one  of  the  most  wealthy  of  the  inhabitants  in  the  reign  of 
Edward  III.  [date  of  year  lost.]**  In  7th  Edw.  IILff  (1333)  Robert  de  Bodynewell  was  one  of 
the  jtirors  at  the  assize,  and  in  the  25th  of  the  same  king's  reign  (1351),  John  de  Bodynyel  appears 
as  one  of  the  defendants  in  a  suit  concerning  the  Manor  of  Pcncarrow.±|  Thomas  Bodynyel  was 
one  of  the  principal  freeholders  present  at  Lostwithiel  at  the  election  of  knights  for  the  shire  for 
the  Parliament  in  20th  Henry  VI.,  and  was  one  of  the  parties  to  the  Indenture  of  Return, §§  and 
in  the  3rd  Edward  IV.  he  was  one  of  the  jurors  in  an  inquisition  held  at  Bodmin  on  the  lltli 
Sept.  to  enquire  what  aliejis  or  strangers  were  resident  within  the  county.  ||j|  Richard  Bodynyel 
was  present  at  the  election  of  knights  at  Lostwithiel  in  17th  Edw.  IV.  and  was  one  of  the  jsarties  to 
the  Indenture  of  Return.^lJ  William  Bodynyel  was  one  of  the  wardens  of  the  Guild  of  Corpus 
Christi  at  the  time  of  the  rebuilding  of  the  parish  church  (1469-70),  and  Thomas  Bodynyel  is  also 
mentioned.*** 

Lysons  says  Bodiniel  married  the  heiress  of  Burnard  ;  the  heiress  of  Bodiniel  married  Oliver, 
and  the  heiress  of  Oliver  married  Williams ;  but  we  have  failed  to  discover  any  evidence  of 
these  alliances. ttt 

DE  LANCARFE. 

This  family  took  its  name  from  the  Manor  of  Lancarfe  in  this  parish.  Wc  find  the  name 
first  mentioned  (1302)  in  connection  with  an  act  of  violence.  Henry  de  Lankar  slew  Roger 
Russell  in  the  village  of  Leigh.  He  immediately  fled  and  his  goods  were  confiscated,  but  after- 
wards returned  and  produced  a  charter  from  the  King  granting  him  pardon. JJJ  In  the  same  year 
William  Langkar  was  bailiff  of  the  Hunih'ed  of  West.§§§  In  1312||  ||  ||  the  same  William  de  Lancarf 
was  one  of  the  juroi's  on  the  inquisition  p.  m.  of  Walter  de  St.  Margaret.  Two  years  later  1[^1[ 
Auger  de  Lancar  was  one  of  the  defendants  to  a  writ  of  novel  disseisin  concerning  a  tenement  in 


*  Assize  Rolls  Hth  Edw.  I. 
J  Inq.  p.  in.  .S2nd  Edw.  I. 

II  Snlisidy  Roll  1st  Edw.  UI.  % 
**  Snlisidy  Rolls  t.  Edw.  III.  J?. 
IX  Assize  Rolls  2.-)th  Edw.  III. 

III  Sulisidy  Rolls  3rd  Edw.  IV.  gj. 
**•  Bodmin  Church  Accounts. 
ttt  Assize  Rolls  30th  Edw.  I 

mill  Iiiquis.  p.  m.  Gth  Edw.  II.' 


f  Assize  Rolls  1.5lh  Edw.  I. 

§  Writs  and  Returas  to  Pari. 

f  Assize  Rolls  25th  Edw.  III. 

tt  Assize  Rolls  7th  Edw.  III. 

§§  Writs  and  Returns  to  I'avl.  20th  Hen.  VI. 

tt  Writs  and  Returns  to  Pari.  17th  Edw.  IV. 

ttt  Magna  Britannia,  vol.  iii.  cxxiv. 

§§§  Idem. 

ttt  Assize  Rolls  8th  Edw.  II. 


2  z 


178  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 

Porthpighan  juxta  Loo  ;  and  the  following  year  *  Richard  de  St.  Margaret  and  Edward  de  Lancarf 
took  out  a  writ  of  novel  disseizin  against  Herman  Tyrel  concerning  Stokelegh  in  Blisland.  The 
same  Edward  was  assessed  to  the  subsidy  in  1327  f  for  Bodmin  Extra  at  a  higlier  rate  than  any 
other  person  in  the  parish.  In  1341,  on  the  assessment  of  the  value  of  the  ninth  of  the  sheaf, 
lambs,  and  wool  for  the  parish  of  Helland,  granted  to  the  King  upon  a  commission  dated  26th 
January  in  that  year,|  Richard  Lancarf  was  one  of  the  Venditors. 


MOYLE. 

The  family  of  Moyle  is  found  at  Bodmin  at  an  early  date.  Roger  Moitt  was  manucaptor 
for  Stephen  Trenewyth  20th  Rieli.  II.  (1396).  Thomas  Moyl  was  manucaptor  both  for  John  Burgh 
and  James  Haloppe  1st  Hen.  IV.  (1399).  Michael  Moyll  was  biu-gess  in  Parliament  11th 
Hen.  IV.  1400.  Tliomas  Moyle  §  is  stated  in  Mr.  Wallis's  list  to  have  been  maj-or  fi-oni  1432  to 
1435.  He  was  undoubtedly  mayor  in  1434.  This  list  shows  his  name  again  as  serving  the  office 
from  1441  to  1445,  but  is  incorrect  so  far  as  1441  and  1442  are  concerned,  as  also  is  Mr. 
Wallis's  list  as  applying  to  the  years  1488  and  1489,  for  which  years  Mr.  Wallis  gives  the  same 
name,  whereas  it  is  shown  by  anotlier  old  list  in  possession  of  the  Rev.  William  lago  of  Bodmin, 
that  Thomas  Margett  was  mayor  in  those  years.  Tliat  Thomas  Margytt  was  mayor  in  1488  is 
proved  by  record.      [The  name  occurs  in  the  accounts  for  rebuilding  the  church.] 

The  undated  gravestone  of  Thomas  le  Mo3'le  has  been  already  referred  to,||  and  this  seems  to 
be  nearly  all  tlie  local  information  which  we  have  of  this  old  Bodmin  family.  From  other  sources, 
however,  we  learn  that  Thomas  Moyle  of  Botlmin  had  at  least  three  sons.  His  third  son  Hem-y 
was  the  father  of  Sir  Walter  Moyle,  who  in  32nd  Henry  VI.  was  made  one  of  the  justices  of  the 
Common  Pleas.  ^  He  acquired  extensive  estates  in  Kent,  and,  having  married  a  daughter  and  co- 
heir of  John  Lucombe  of  Cornwall,  he  had  two  sons,  who  were  the  founders  of  two  families  in 

Kent.**  John  Moyle  his  eldest  son  married  to  his  first  wife  a  daughter  of Arundell  of  Trerise, 

by  whom  he  had  one  daughter.  He  married  secondly  a  daughter  of  Sir  Robert  Drmy  of  Essex, 
by  whom  he  was  the  father  of  Sir  Tliomas  Moyle,  who  was  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Commons  in 
33rd  Heu.  VIII.,  and  other  children.  Sir  Thomas  had  two  daughters  and  coheirs,  one  of  whom 
married  Sir  Thomas  Finch,  ancestor  of  the  present  Earl  of  Winehelsea,  and  the  other  Sir  Thomas 
Kempe. 

*  Assize  Rolls  9th  Eilw.  II.  t  Sabsiily  Rolls  1st  Edw.  IH. 

J  Nonarum  Inquisitiones. 

§  20th  Hen.  VI.  Thomas  MotU  was  one  of  the  principal  electors  at  the  elections  of  the  Knights  of  the  Shire,  and 
was  a  party  to  the  Indentnre  of  Retnm,  as  was  also  John  Moyll  of  Bake,  17th  Edw.  IV. 

II  iloniimeutal  Inscriptions,  No.  17. 

%  He  is  said,  on  the  donbtful  authority  of  the  Gray's  Inn  MS.,  to  have  hecn  a  reader  in  that  society.  From  19tb 
Hen.  VI.  his  name  is  found  in  the  casSs  reported  in  the  Year  Books.  In  1143  he  was  called  to  the  degree  of  the  coif,  and 
in  Hilary  Term  14,54  is  mentioned  as  one  of  the  King's  Sergeants.  His  will  is  dated  11th  Dec.  1479,  and  he  died  before 
the  31st  July  following.     (Foss's  Judges,  iv.  44.5.) 

*•  Visitation  of  Kent,  Hail.  MS.  1548,  139  b. 


FAMILY  niSTORY^ — SCARLET.  179 


SCARLET. 


Our  first  introduction  to  this  ancient  Bodmin  family,  like  that  to  several  others,  is  an  infrac- 
tion of  the  Assize  of  Wine,  for  which  Adam  Scarlet  was  presented  by  the  Jui'ors  at  the  assize  at 
Launeeston  in  11th  Edw.  I.,*  as  he,  or  his  son,  M-as  also  again  in  the  30th  of  the  same  King's 
reign.*  In  the  3.Jth  an  assize  was  taken  at  Launeeston  to  enquire  if  Adam,  son  of  Adam 
Scarlet,  and  Margery  his  wife  unjustly  disseised  John,  son  of  Robert  Donewych,  of  his  free 
tenement  in  Bodmin,  when  John  recovered  seisin.*  Li  2nd  Edw.  II.  Adam  Scarlet  of  Bodmin 
conveys  to  German  Prior  of  Bodmin  cei-tain  premises,  probably  the  tenement  in  which  Scarlet's 
Well  is  .situate,  and  cites  an  enfeoffment  made  by  Matilda  Somercit,  sister  of  the  said  Adam,  of 
her  land  wln'ch  she  had  Ijy  feoffment  of  Sir  Baldwyn,  formerly  Prior  of  Bocbnyn,  to  Thomas 
Heuerard  her  fixther.t  In  7th  Edw.  II.  Sarah  Scarlet  and  Alexander  de  Penbugel  are  defendants 
in  an  assize  of  novel  disseisin  at  the  suit  of  Gerard  son  of  Raymond  de  Vilers,^  and  in  2.5th 
Edw.  III.  Margaret  daughter  of  William  Scarlet  is  mentioned.  J  John  Skerlat  was  manucaptor 
for  Otho  Tregonan  in  12th  Hen.  IV.  (1411). 

Thomas  IIencranl.=pSarah.     Deed  2=f=A(iam  Scarlet. 
Deed  2  E(hv.  II.    |         Edw.  II.        |      11  Edw.  I. 


-I      , 1 


Matilda  Somercit.     2  Edw.  II.  Adam  Scarlet.     3.5  Edw.  I.,  2  Edw.  II.=j=Margery. 


r -• 

William  Scarlet.     25  Edw.  III.=p 

Margaret.     25  Edw.  III. 

FLAMANK. 

The  family  of  Flamank  is  of  great  antiquity  in  the  parish  of  Bodmin,  having  held  the  Manor 
of  Nanstallan  for  more  than  500  years;  descending  in  uninterrupted  succession  from  father  to 
son,  in  the  direct  male  line,  until  the  death,  s.  p.  of  Dr.  William  Flamank  in  1817. 

Tlie  origin  of  the  family  is  very  obscure,  arising  in  a  great  measure  from  the  variation  in 
writing  the  name.  There  can,  however,  we  think,  be  no  doubt  that  the  family  is  descended  fi-om 
some  one  of  the  numerous  body  of  Flemings  who  were  introduced  into  this  country  by  the  early 
Norman  kings.  Henry  I.  established  a  colony  of  them  in  Pembrokeshire,  where  their  descendants 
remain  as  a  distinct  race  unto  tliis  day.  King  Stephen  emjjloyed  numerous  bands  in  England, 
gave  them  large  possessions  in  various  parts  of  the  kingdom,  and  suffered  them  to  jMllago  the 
country  with  impunity,  to  the  great  discontent  of  the  Norman  Barons.  § 

The  name  in  early  times  appears  to  have  been  written  indiscriminately,  as  Flandrensis, 
Flamanc,  Flemcng,  Flemang,  Flemyng,  and  Flammank,  as  will  be  presently  made  manifest. 

We  find  the  name  connected  with  the  West  of  England  at  the  earliest  period  of  the  public 
records.     Stephen  Flandrensis  held  seven  knight's  fees  in  Cornwall  in  the  time  of  Richard  I.|| 

*  Assize  Rolls.  t  Deed  at  Trcgothnaii. 

J  Assize  Rolls.     Gerard  de  Vilers  was  a  merchant  dealing  extensively  in  tin.     Sheriff's  Accouut.s,  3-ith  Edw.  I. 

I  Ord.  Vit.  iv.  175,  178.  ||  Red  Book  of  the  Exchequer. 


180 


PARISH  OF  BODMIN, 


and  1190  he  paid  5  marks  to  have  the  right  of  half  a  knight's  fee  in  Narese,  in  co.  Devon,  against 
Oliver  dc  Tracy.*  The  same  fees  soon  afterwards  were  held  by  Archemand  Flandrensis, 
probably  his  son*  In  1201  Richard  Flandrensis  was  Sheriff  of  Cornwall,  and  in  the  same  year 
Stephen  Flandrensis  paid  half  a  mark  for  a  distress  ;  also  in  the  same  year  Roger  son  of  Geoffry 
levied  a  fine  of  Baldwin  le  Flemeng  of  half  an  acre  of  land  with  appurtenances  in  Treneithen  in 
Cornwall,  whereof  recognisance  of  the  death  of  an  ancestor  was  summoned  between  them,  and 
Roger  remitted  and  quitclaimed  the  whole  of  his  right  to  Baldwin  and  his  heirs  for  ever.-|-  This 
would  seem  to  refer  to  the  death  of  the  abovenamed  Richard,  for  it  appears  from  an  inquisition 
made  in  the  reign  of  King  Henry  III.  concerning  the  lands  of  Normans,  Britons,  and  others, 
strangers,  that  William  Flandrensis  held  lands  called  Holedig  which  were  of  the  value  of  100 
shillings  per  annum,  which  lands  William  de  Saucey  the  Norman  held,  and  which  were  in  the 
hands  of  the  King  by  escheat  in  consequence  of  de  Saucey  having  taken  the  side  of  the  King  of 
France  in  the  French  war.  Richard  Flamanc,  grandfather  of  the  said  William,  who  then  held 
the  said  lands,  made  satisfaction  to  King  John  because  by  a  certain  grant  the  said  Richard  gave 
the  same  lands  to  Richard  de  Saucey,  fiither  of  the  aforesaid  William,  in  free  marriage  with  a 
certain  kinswoman  of  his.;|;  In  a  later  record  the  lady's  name  is  stated  to  have  been  Johanna, 
and  it  is  said  that  she  was  the  daughter  of  Richard  Flemeng,  that  Richard  recovered  the  manor 
from  the  King  and  held  it  for  his  life,  after  him  William  his  son,  after  William  succeeded 
William  his  son  who  eight  years  since  gave  the  manor  to  Reginald  de  Moliun,  who  held  it  at  tlie 
time  of  the  inquisition. §  In  the  time  of  King  John  William  Flandrensis  had  a  dispute  with  the 
Abbot  of  Ford  respecting  the  right  of  presentation  to  the  church  of  Holedieh.  || 

Mark  le  Flamanc  was  retui'ned  as  holding  lands  by  militarj^  service  of  the  value  of  £16  per 
annum  and  more  in  40th  Henry  III.  Cl256).f 

We  have  no  evidence  to  connect  these  Flamanks  with  the  Flamanks  of  Bodmin,  though  it 
seems  very  probable  that  they  are  all  descended  from  the  same  stock,  and  that  Stephen,  Ai-ehe- 
mand,  and  Mark  were  the  immediate  predecessors  of  Sir  Robert  le  Flamank  who,  as 
we  shall  presently  see,  held  the  manor  of  Nanstallan  in'  1293.  The  first  occurrence  of 
the  name  in  immediate  connection  with  Bodmin  and  the  neighbourhood  is  in  reference  to 
transactions  which  do  not  reflect  on  it  any  great  lustre ;  nevertheless  allowance  must  be 
made  for  those  rude  and  turbulent  times.  In  the  11th  year  of  King  Edward  I.  (1283) 
one  Laurence  Potage  was  slain  in  the  tithing  of  Helleston  (in  Trigg)  and  John  le 
Flemmeng  was  indicted  for  the  murder  and  immediately  absconded.  In  the  same  year  a  certain 
woman  was  apprehended  in  the  town  of  Bodmin  with  false  monej',  and  the  same  money  was 
placed  in  a  certain  box  (pixide)  and  sealed  with  the  seal  of  the  sherifi";  and  Richard  le  Flemmeng 
was  charged  with  having,  from  favour  to  the  woman,  broken  the  sheriff's  seal,  taken  out  the  bad 
money,  and  replaced  it  with  good,  in  oi-der  that  she  might  not  be  convicted.  He,  however,  placed 
himself  upon  his  trial  and  was  acquitted.**     The  same  Richard  le  Flemmang  and  Margery  his 


•  Great  Koll  of  the  Pipe  1st  Rich.  I.  132. 

t  Testa  de  Nevill,  p.  198. 

II  Abbreviacio  Placitorura,  p.  74. 

**  Assize  Rolls  11th  Edw.  I.  m.  Sd. 


f  Pedes  Fiuium  3rd  John. 

§  Testa  de  Nevill,  p.  197. 

^  Ciu'ew's  Survey  of  Cornwall,  p.  50. 


FAMILY  niSTORT — FLAMANK.  181 

wife,  and  several  otlier  persons,  in  the  next  year  appear  as  defendants  in  a  plea  of  assize  of  lands. 
John  le  Flameng  is  also  mentioned  in  the  Rolls  of  this  year.* 

Robert  le  Fiammankf  appears  as  holding  lands  in  Nantalan  in  22nd  Edward  I.  (1293).  Robert 
le  Flcmeng  was  coroner  3Uth  Edward  I.  It  is  presumed  that  these  entries  relate  to  the  same  person 
who  is  also  identical  with  Sir  Robert  le  Flamanc,  Kt.,  Lord  of  Nantallen,  who  by  a  charter, 
undated,  but  which  appears  to  have  been  written  about  this  period,  granted  to  Laurence  de 
Arundel,  as  a  marriage  portion  with  Margery  his  daughter,  one  acre  of  land  in  Trevasnidith  and 
half  an  acre  of  land  in  Penlial,  to  be  held  to  the  said  Laurence  and  Margery  and  the  heirs  of  their 
bodies  for  ever.  There  having  been  no  other  Robert  Lord  of  Nanstallen,  (and  the  line  throughout 
is  fully  proved)  from  that  time  to  the  late  Robert  Flamank,  the  last  Lord  in  the  male  line,  there 
can,  we  tliink,  be  no  doubt  as  to  the  identity. 

Richard  Flamank  (cir.  Hen.  VIL)  by  Jane  daughter  and  heir  of  Thomas  Lucombe  had  three 
sons  :  Thomas,  who  was  executed  in  1497  for  his  share  in  the  Cornish  rebellion  ;  John,  who  suc- 
ceeded at  Boscarne ;  and  Bartholomew,  whose  name  is  not  found  in  the  recorded  pedigree,  but 
who  is  described  as  the  brother  of  John  in  his  father's  charter  dated  5th  Henry  VIIL  granting 
him  the  remainder  in  the  family  estates  in  the  event  of  failure  of  issue  of  John.  This  John,  I  by 
Jacosa  daughter  of  Sir  Richard  Nanfan,  knt.  had  f((ur  sons:  Gilbert,  who  succeeded  him  in  the 
estates;  Jolm,  said  to  be  the  ancestor  of  the  Flamanks  of  Gonronson  ;  Henry;  and  Roger.  Fi'om 
Gilbert  the  estates  descended  in  a  direct  line  to  William  Flamank  of  Boscarne,  who,  dying  1729, 
loft  three  sons  :  William  ;  Thomas  of  Taunton,  clothier  ;  and  Samuel  of  Totnes,  sergemaker  ;  upon 
whom,  by  dee<l  dated  2nd  Nov.  1744,  in  succession  he  settled  his  estates  in  tail  male;  but 
A^  iliiam  Flamank  of  Boscarne,  his  grandson,  levied  a  fine  for  extinguishing  such  entail  and 
resettled  the  lands  upon  his  own  issue.  He  had  several  sons,  all  of  whom  died  s.  p.  and  upon  the 
death  of  Robert  Flamank  of  Boscarne,  the  last  representative  in  the  male  line  of  the  eldest  branch 
of  this  ancient  family,  in  1847,  the  estates,  in  virtue  of  the  last  recited  settlement,  passed  to  the 
Kev.  William  Phillii)])s,  clerk.  Rector  of  Lanivet,  the  son  and  heir  of  Dennis,  sister  and  heir  of 
the  above-mentioned  Robert  Flamank,  which  William  Phillipps  and  his  issue,  by  Roj'al  Licence, 
dated  17th  February,  1848,  were  authorised  to  use  the  surname  of  Flamank  in  addition  to  and 
after  that  of  Phillipps,  and  to  bear  the  arms  of  Flamank  quarterly  with  those  of  his  and  tlieir  own 
family,  for  which,  at  the  same  time,  he  obtained  a  grant  to  himself  and  his  issue.  Mr.  Phillijips 
Flamank  died  unmarried  in  18G1,  and  was  succeeded  by  his  nephew  William  Flamank  Phillipps 
of  Boscarae,  the  present  Lord  of  the  Manor  of  Nanstallen. 

Thomas  Flamank  of  Taunton,  the  second  son  of  the  above-mentioned  William  Flamank,  who 
died  in  1729,  died  s.  p.  Samuel  his  brother  left  issue,  and  is  now  represented  by  AVilliam  Flamank 
of  Newton-Abbot,  in  co.  Devon,  who  is  also  the  present  male  representative  of  tiio  family  of 
Flamank  ;  whilst  several  members  of  the  fixmily  of  Flamank  of  Gonronson  are  still  existing. 

*  Assize  Rolls,  12th  Edw.  I.  m.  21. 

f  John  son  of  Robert  le  Flemnieiig  was  appointed  Keeper  of  the  Borough  of  Newcastle  upon  Tync,  Sth  Fdw,  1. 
(Assize  Rolls,  Feast  of  All  Saints,  22nd  Edw,  I.  in.  71.) 

I  John  Flamiink  ■nas  serving  under  Sir  Richard  Nanfan,  who  was  Lord  Deputy  of  Calais  in  1503,  when  he  wrote  a 
long  letter  to  the  King  detailing  conversations  of  a  di-saffectcd  character  which  had  taken  phice  in  his  presence  and  in  that 
of  his  "  brother  William  Nanfan."  "Letters  and  Papers  illustrative  of  the  Reigns  of  Richard  III.  and  Uenry  VII." 
published  under  the  direction  of  the  Master  of  the  Rolls,  1861. 

3  A 


182 


PAKISH  OF  BODMIX. 


NOTES  TO  FLAMAXK  OF  BOSCARXE. 


'  Know,  ic.  I  Robert  le  Flamanc,  Lord  of  Nantalan, 
Knight,  give  and  grant  and  by  this  mT  present  charter 
confirm  to  Laurence  de  Amndell  in  free  marriage  with 
Jlargerr  my  daughter  one  acre  of  land  in  Trevasnidith,  ice. 
(Not  dated.) 

2  Assize  Rolls  22nd  Edw.  I.  Pentecost,  m.  71. 

'  Treglothnowe  was  Treglync  in  St.  Jlinver,  and  remained 
in  the  family  of  Flamank  in  1st  Charles  I.  Vide  deed 
dated  1st  January  in  that  year. 

*  because,  he  said,  a  certain  Mark  Flamank,  grand- 
father of  the  aforesaid  John  the  son  of  Reginald,  whose  heir 
he  is,  Tiz.  the  father  of  Reginald  the  father  of  the  same 
John,  was  of  late  seized  of  the  same  tenement  In  his  demesne 
as  of  fee  and  right,  and  the  same  tenement  with  the  appur- 
tenances demised  to  a  certain  Ralph  le  Flamank  to  be  held 
for  the  whole  life  of  the  same  Ralph,  saving  of  it  the  rever- 
sion after  the  death  of  the  same  Ralph  to  the  same  Mark 
and  his  heirs ;  by  virtue  of  which  demise  the  same  Ralph 
was  of  it  seized  as  of  a  free  tenement;  and  afterwards  the 
aforesaid  Mark  granted  the  reversion  of  the  aforesaid  tene- 
ment which  the  aforesaid  Ralph  held  for  the  term  of  his  life 
of  the  heirs  of  the  same  Mark  to  a  certain  Stephen  le 
Flamank  and  his  heirs  for  ever.  (Pleadings  concerning  a 
tenement  in  Boscambighan,  Assize  Roll  40th  Edw.  III.) 

*  because,  he  said,  a  certain  Stephen  le  Flamank, 

uncle  of  the  aforesaid  John,  whose  heir  he  is :  viz.  the 
brother  of  Reginald  the  father  of  the  same  John.  (Plead- 
ings concerning  Trembeth  jnxta  Talkam,  Treglynnek,  &c. 
Assize  Roll  41st  Edw.  UI.) 

*  Ivnow,  &c.  I  Mark  le  Flamank  give  and  grant  and  by 
my  present  charter  confirm  to  Alice  my  daughter  one  acre 
of  land  Cornish  with  all  its  appurtenances  in  Trembeth. 
Dated  at  I^antalan  Thursday  in  the  Feast  of  St.  Michael 
A°.  r.  r.  22nd  Edw.  III.  recited  in  Ass.  Roll  41st  Edw.  III. 

'  I  Reginald  Flamank  grant  for  me  and  my  heirs  to 
Robert  my  son  one  annual  rent.  Deed  dated  at  Trcweythek 
on  Smiday  next  before  the  Feast  of  All  Saints,  A"  34th 
Edw.  III. 

'  Ralph  Flamank  was  one  of  the  venditors  for  the 
taxation  of  com,  wool,  and  lambs  for  the  parish  of  Bodmin 
lath  Edw.  III.    (Nonarum  Inq.  34.">.) 

'  Ind're  between  Richard  Flamank  son  and  heir  of 
John  Flamank  of  the  one  part,  and  John  Payntor  of  Bod- 
min of  the  other  part,  sale  of  wood  and  underwood  in 
Lantalan  and  Ruthen.  Dated  at  Bodmin  Saturday  next 
after  the  Feast  of  the  Pnr.  B.  V.  Mary  l.Sth  Hen.  IV. 

"•  John  Basset,  Esq.,  John  Power  TregothcU,  Stephen 
Treglystyn,  Sir  James  Rowe  vicar  of  St.  Hilary,  George 
Denshall,  John  Polrcdden,  John  Trenewyth  of  Padstow, 
John  Polsnlsek,  and  WUliam  Gnrlj-n,  co-feoflfces  of  Henry 
Trewynard  lately  deceased,  and  Johanna  who  was  the  wife 


of  the  said  Henry  Trewynard,  grant  to  James  Flamank  all 
messuages  and  lands,  &c.  in  Tresagher,  &c.  for  8  years. 
Dated  at  Trewvnard  31st  Dec.  21  Hen.  VI. 

"  I  Richard  Flamank  give  and  grant,  &c.  to  John  Fla- 
mank my  son  all  my  messuages,  &c.  in  Trenear,  Zenzenzy, 
Canalezy,  Bocam,  Trcgonyburgh,  Bodmyn,  Padstow,  Ween, 
Tresongcr,  Bosoghan,  Nansynt,  Trenowith,  Trewythek,  Pen- 
kerne,  Hendra,  and  Trenoud,  &c.  to  the  said  John  Flamank 
and  the  heirs  males  of  his  body  :  remainder  to  Bartholomew. 
Flamank,  brother  of  the  said  John,  and  heirs  males  of  his 
body:  in  default,  remainder  to  George  Flamank  and  heirs 
males  of  his  body;  in  default,  remainder  to  William  Flamank, 
brother  of  the  said  George,  and  the  heirs  males  of  his  body ; 
in  default,  remainder  to  James  Flamank,  brother  of  the  said 
Richard,  and  the  heirs  males  of  his  body ;  and  in  default, 
remainder  to  the  right  heirs  of  the  said  Richard.  Dated 
2rth  July,  5th  Henry  VIU.     (Cart.  Harl.  50  C.  42.) 

'^  Richard  Flamank  demises,  &c.  and  quit  claims  to  John 
Flamank,  his  eldest  son  and  heir,  all  right,  &c.  in  Boscame, 
Rosavylyn,  Xanstalan,  Ruthen,  and  Trembeth,  with  all  rents, 
&c.  and  all  messuages,  &c.  Trebnrtheck,  Treglynneck, 
Treglothenow,  Tregonow,  Rosewyn,  Dynham,  Trevyan, 
Trewethyck,  Tremnr,  Glyvyan  Flamank,  and  Bodellick. 
Dated  4th  Aug.  5th  Henry  VIII.     (Cart.  Harl.  50  C.  41.) 

"  Thomas  Lucombe  confirms  to  Thomas  Flamank  son  of 
Richard  Flamank  and  others  the  Manor  of  Cabilia,  3rd 
Hen.  VII. 

'*  John  Flamanke  of  Boscame  in  consideration  of  a  mar- 
riage between  Gilbert  Flamanke  son  and  heir  apparent  of 
the  said  John,  and  Johanna  Gayer  daughter  of  Reginald 
Gayer  and  Alice  his  wife,  daughter  of  Edward  Courteney  of 
Lanrake,  confirms-  unto  the  said  Gilbert  and  Johanna  an 
annual  rent  of  5«.  out  of  his  close  of  land  at  Ruthen,  called 
North  Close.    Dated  at  Boscame,  29th  Oct.  29th  Hen.  VIU. 

"  I  Gilbert  Flamanke  of  Boscame,  son  and  heir  of  John 
Flamanke  late  deceased,  give  and  grant,  &c.  to  Roger 
Flamank  my  brother  all  my  messuages  and  lands  in 
Porthylly  Gres,  and  Porthylly  Eglos,  and  Trevcrowe  in  St. 
Menefrey.  Dat.  18th  ilarch  32nd  Hen.  VIH.  (Cart.  Harl. 
50  C.  44.) 

'«  At  Bodmin. 

"  Indenture  made  21st  Aug.  3Cth  Eliz.  between  Nicholas 
Flamank  of  Boscame,  and  Oliver  Flamank  second  brother 
of  the  said  Nicholas,  witnesseth  that  the  said  Nicholas  of  the 
especial  love,  zeal,  and  great  goodwill  that  he  beai^eth  to 
his  said  brother,  being  both  twynnes  and  home  att  the  imme- 
diate instant,  hath  granted  and  let  to  farm  to  the  said 
Oliver  all  that  his  Barton  of  Boscame,  Rosevilla,  Guy, 
Nanstallan,  and  Rothen,  for  the  term  of  99  years. 

"  At  Lanivet. 


FAMILY  HISTORY — FLAMANK. 


183 


FLAMANK  OF  BOSCARNE. 

Stephen  Flandrcnsis,  1  Kich.  l.=p 

ArchemaD(i.=f= 

Mark  le  Flamanc,  40  Hen.  111.=^ 


'  Sir  Robert  le  Flamanc,^ 
Knt.,  Lord  of  Nautalan,'^ 
22  Kilw.  I. 


'  Petrus  Trcglmrnom'^.rohanna,  film 
(le  com.  Comuhice  I  et  /itpr.  Itic'i 
{sans  dafi).  |  Pevcrcl. 


I 

Margery, 


-r 


mar.     Itoi/cnis    Fttimoclt'^Iivsa ,  filia  et    liogerus  Trigloiv- 


Laurenee  de  Arun-     de  com.  Cormihia:, 
dell.  miles. 


har.  Petri         now,  fil.  ct  hirr 
Trcglorvnom.'    oh.  s.p. 


*^''  Marke  Flumocli,  films  ct  lucres;  living  18  Edw.  II-=r' 
Ass.  Roll,  and  7  Edw.  III.  Ass.  Roll.  I 


Alice,  living  22  ''  Ilcii'tnaUhis  Flumocli,  fil.- 
Kdw.  III.;  mar.  ff /«/•;•.;  living  :i4  Edw.lil.. 
Michael  Trerise.        Lord  of  Nantalan. 


--.Jo- 
hanna 


^   Stephen=j="- 
Flamank. 


>»  Ralph. 


Johanna,  dan.  and  heir  of     *^  Johannes  Flamoch^Alicia,      '  Robert 


lier   father   and   mother,  de     com.     Cornuhiee, 

wife  of  Ralph  Arundel  of  filhis  ct  lucres;  living 

Trerise.    (Asa.    Roll,   41  41  Kdw.  III. 
Edw.  III.) 


filia 

wiih- 
iell. 


Flamank 
living  34 
Edw.  III. 
(Ass.  Roll.) 


John, 
ob. 
s.p.  v.p. 


Land  6.   FLAMANK.        2.   TREOLOWNOW. 
4.  PEVEEEL.        b.  LOCOMB. 


'  Hichard  Flamock  dc  lliiliarnc  in  com^Margareta,  filia  Jacohi     Henry  Trewynard,dcad^Johanna,  living 
C«c«!(J. //.  f^ /(«■;■.,•  living  13  Hen.  IV.    |         Gerveia  dc  Perin.  in  2  Hen.  VI.  |      2  Hen.  VI. 


2.   Thomas.     3.  liobertus.     "  4.  Jacoiiis. 


Jacobus  Flamock  de  Biiltarn,  fil.  et^Jana,  filia  Henrici  Trewynard 
hfcr.  ;  living  2  Hen.  VI.  |  dc  com.  Cornub. 


"  '^  Iticardiis  Flamock  de  Biicarn,  fil.  ct^Jana, filia  ct  hire,  dc  Thomas 
har.  ;  living  h  Hen.  VIII.  |  I/ucvm  de  Bodmin. 


n 

1.  EUzabctha. 

2.  Cliristina. 


"Thomas,  fill  IIS  jiri—r  Fli:al/ctha ,    fillii  " '^  '^  Johannes  Flamock^Jacosa,'2filia  Iti- 
mogenitus.    Exeeu.  I  ./<//;«     Trchurncg  dc  Biikarn, 2  filiiis;  died     cardi    Kanfaiit, 
24  June,  1497.            \  de  Mcnn-yn'ick.  32  Hen.  VIII.  militis. 
] 


Loredaij  niipfa    ]\'ill.     Jana, 
Buret  de  Tccgaren  in     2  filia. 
St.  Malign. 


1 

"  Bartholomew, 
living    5    Hen. 

Via. 


I 1 

Jana,  filia  et  har.  "  "*  (rilbertiis  Flamock  de=^"  Johanna,  filia  Heginaldi  (layer  dc  Liskcard  2.  Johannes,  foun- 
nvpta  Petro  Fant-  Biiscnrn,filius  ct  hteres ;  f  l)y  Alice,  dan.  of  Edw.  Courtcnay  of  Lanrake;  der  of  the  Gonron- 
Itrvg.  bur.  1573.  |  marriage  settlement  dated  29  Oct.  29  Hen.  VIII.     son  branch. 


3.  Ucn-     i»4.  l\o. 
rievs.        gems. 


m 1 

1.  Jo-  II  ill'ms  I'lamoek  de  B iis-^Ma ria,  filia 

halt-  //(/('WC,  Lord  of  Nanstallan  ; 

na.  died  at  lioscarne  9  Aug.  35 

2.A'a-  Eli/..  Nicholas,  his  son  and 

the-  heir,    ageil    21)  years    and 

ri-  more.  (liii|.  l>.m.) 


Joh'ni  Car- 
mi  now  de 
Fenton  Gal- 
lon in  com. 
(hrniih.  ; 
bur.  1C19.I« 


2.  Jo- 
han- 
nes. 


3.  Tho-=pRichou,  or  4.  Ro-  5.  NUfl.  Ed- 
mas,          Alice,  dau.  ger,  cho-       n-ard- 

bur.  of Trc-  bur.  las.        ?(.«,  bu. 

KllO.'O        glyn;  mar.  1G07.W  1575.18 

1575,"'  bur. 

1584.1'= 


7.  John, 

bur. 

1581.i« 


William,         Elizabeth,  bapt.         Gilbard,  bapt.  John,  bur.   Phillip,         Jessie,  bapt. 

bapt.  I578.'«    1577 ;i«  bur.  1577.  l«    1576  ji^  bur.  1576.'°       1582.1«      bapt.  1584.1M 578 ;i«  bur.  1689.1 


6.  Btigd^Y^anc. 

deffel- 

land, 

bapt. 

1577  ;■« 
■I  ir,39. 


Twins. 


Carolus,  4 
filius,  C^e- 
riciis;  d.  at 
Yarmouth, 
Norfolk; 
bpt.   1572.1" 


lingo. 


]7 

Flamock  dc 
Busearne, 
boi'n  cir. 
15{i7;  bur. 
11  Oct. 
1599.1" 


Nichola  s^Ma  ria  ,1ili  a 
John  lAp- 
yencott, 
dc  Wihecrie 
in  cam. 
Cornuh. 


Christopher. 


"  Olircrus, 
2  filius, 
mar.  Eliza- 
beth, dau.  of 
Win.  Hilling 
of  Hanger. 


Johannes, 
'A  filius,  ob, 
s.p. ;  ba]it. 
157n;i»  bur 
1574.'" 


H'ill'm's  Paul,     Susan,  bapt.  Cyprian,       Eli/.a-  Chri.s- 
5  filius,     bapt.      15(i5;l"mar.  bpt. 1569;"   both,    tiiina, 


nunc  in 
London, 
bajit. 
1576.1" 


1564;i«  Robert 
died       Grossman 
in  in-     1594.1° 
fancv. 


m.  Thomas    bapt.    bnpt. 
Randall         1572.1M574.' 
2  Sept. 
l(J03.i« 


184 


PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 


Bridget,  (laugh. — Bernard  Flamiinh.  Jilivs  et  hteres ;'■ 
of  Arthur  Tre-  rrt.  22  annornm  1620;  bapt.  27  Aug. 
mayne  of  Col-  1598; '«  bur.  27  Oct.  1G58.'«  AVill 
lacombe,  Devon;  dated  24  Jan.  1G57  ;  Cod.  2.5  Oct. 
living  1657.  1658;  proved  in  London  11  Dec.  1658. 


-Elizahcthn,  flin 
Ambrose  Hoiis  of 
Edmerston,  De- 
von ;  bur.  9  Oct. 
1C32.'« 
I 


Elizahe- 

tha,fiUa 

nniea, 

iaj/t. 

1599. 


1 

Margaret, 
bapt. 
1600;'« 
died  in 
infancy. 


r ■ 1 

Philippa,  bapt.  IfiL'.l.'fi    Granted   Mary, 
release  to  her  brother  William   bapt. 
riamank,  for  legacies  granted   1626.'* 
by  the  will  of  her  late   father 
Bernard   Flamank,  dated   20th 
March,  1659;  ivitnessed  among 
others  by  Henry  Flamank.    She 
was  then  unmaiTied  ,  witnesses 
her  brother's  will  in  1663.    Still 
unmarried. 


.16 


Bernard, 

bapt. 
1628 
conveys  to 
his  brother 
William 
certain 
lands  in 
Boilmin 
1661. 


Mag- 

dalene 

Pearce. 


— I 

Am- 
brose, 
men- 
tioned 
in  a 
lease 
dated 
13Ang. 
llCh.I. 


mil  ill  in  Fliimanli- 
of  lioscarne,  bapt. 
5  May  1622  ;  bur. 
7J/«(/,  1663.  Will 
dated  5  Mai/,  1653; 
2>rored  in  Arehd. 
Court  of  Cornwall 
22  June,  1663. 


-Marij,  dau.  of  Cliristojiker  Hum-  John,  Hum- 
,S'«c('cy  ()/ Shelstou,  Devon;  phry,  3  son.  phry, 
married    there    21    July,   bapt.  young- 

1653.    Marriage  settlement  1631.  est 

dated  19  July.  1653.  Bm'ied  son. 

25Dec.  1703.'«  Will  dated 
28  May,  1679.  Proved  in 
Archd.  Court  of  Cornwall 
18  Dec.  1701. 


-■ -r 1 1 

Sarah,  dau.  of  Samuel  J}fynold.<i=f]Villiam  Flamanh  of  Boscarne,  son  and=Franees  Loirerof    Bridgctt.     Elizabeth,    John, 

'    ~  -      -  .    -  ...  ...         ..     „,  .=     J^iiniret,  mar.  20  mar bur. 

Aj)ril,\-W;^'<  lie-  Jenkins.        1662.'6 

ing  in  1729. 


of  Taunton.  Settlement  before 
viarriage  dated  3  Sept.  1687. 
Buried  6  Oct.  1713.'« 


heir,  bapt.  1663; '«  bur.  14  Feb.  174()."S 
Original  cancelled  will  dated  18  Dee.  1711 
anil  another  trill  dated  1729. 


Tho^ 
mas, 
2  son. 


William     Fla-=pHonour,  only  child  of  Ro-  Sarah, 

manli   of    Bos-     bcrt  Bere  of  St.  Ires.  Set-  bapt. 

came,    ba]>t.    9     tlcment    before    marriage  1691;'* 

dated  8  April,  1712  ;  bur.  mar 

at  St.  Ires  27  Jujie,  1732.  Blake. 


mank   of    Bos 
came,    bapt.    9 
April,    1690 
bur.  1766 


r r — 

Marv,  bapt.      Eliza- 
1692"; '"  mar.    beth, 
Samuel  bapt. 

Carkeet  of        1702."= 
Totnes. 


Samuel,  3  son  ;=?=Marv,  dau. 


n 


bapt.  1701,"= 
of  Totnes; 
mar.  1733; 
died  1783. 


of 

Woodley; 
died  1783. 


Ann,  mar.  Ri- 
chard H-any  of 
St.  Ives,  23 
Aug.  1720."> 


William  Flamank  of  Bos-^Honovr,  dau.  of  Thomas  Beard  of  Bod- 
came,  son  and  heir ;  bur. 
15  April,  1779."= 


mm.    Settlement  before  marriage  6  Nor. 
1751  ;  bur.  8  April,  1795.'* 


Amy,  dan.  of  ..  =i=William  Fla-^Sarah,dau.  of 

Ley;     mar.    16  I  mank,      only  I  Know- 

Ang.  1779.  I  son,  bo.  1740.  I  ling,  1  wife. 


^    i r^ 

William  Flamank  of  Boscarne,  Bobert  Fla- 

Clerk,D.D.,Bector of  Plymptnn,  mank  of 

CO.  Oxford,  and  Prebendary  of  Boscarne, 

Endellion  ;  eldest  son  and  heir;  bapt.  22 

bapt.  iJan.  1753  ;"=  bur.2oJVbr.  Mar.  1768; 

1817,rt'f.64.'*  Will  dated  \2  Aug.  diedvnma.; 

1814;  Cod.  29  April,  1816.  I'ror.  bur.  24 

24  Jan.  1818  [18  Creswaiq,  ob.  AjtrH,  1847, 

s.p.  ;    mar.   Mary,  dau.  of <y?.  80. 

Hughes  of  Clifton,  eo.  Glniic.  17 
Oct.  1809;  bur.  at  Bath  29,  Feb. 
1848. 


John, 
bap.  3 
Mav, 
1763. 


Tho- 
mas, 
bapt. 
16 

July, 
1754; 
died 
1794 
un- 


Honour, 

bapt.  25 

June, 

1765; 

bur. 

1778. 

Samuel, 
bap.  7 
Aug. 
1770. 


Ki  chola  s^Den  nis. 


Phil- 
lipps. 
Clerk, 
Hector 
and  Pa- 
tron of 
Laniret; 
died  Oct. 
1817; 
bur.  at 
Zanivet. 


only  da. 

bapt.  31 

May, 

1757; 

mar. 

10  Oct. 

1781; 

bur.  8 

Mar. 

1824,'8 

tut.  66. 


John, 
2  son. 


Tho- 
mas, 
bom 
1780; 
died 
1837. 


4- 


:Sarah 

Hing- 

ston, 

dan. 

of  .  .. 

mar. 

Jan. 

1815; 

died 

1849. 


Wil- 
liam, 
born 
1761; 
died 
11 

Mar. 
1763. 


Wil- 
liam, 
bapt. 
1764; 
mar. 
Isa- 
bella 
Know- 
ling; 
died 
1819 
s.p. 


-■ 1 
Sa- 
muel, 
born 
1767; 
died 
1782. 


Vide  Pedigree  of  Phillipps 
and  El>YVEAX,post. 


William  Flamank  of  Newton 
Abbot,  CO.  Devon,  heir  of  line; 
born  1810;  living  1869. 


James. 


I  certify  that  the  portion  of  this  Pedigree  printed  In  italics  and  the  arms  agree  with  the  Pedigree  and  ai-ms  of  Flamank  recorded  in 
this  office,  in  Registers  marked  "2  C.  I."  444,  and  Norf.  9.  94. 


Heralds'  College, 

Dec.  1869. 


Geobge  Harbison, 

Windsor  Herald. 


FAMILY  HISTORY— PHILLIPPS  AND  EDYVBAN. 


185 


3  B 


186 


MARTYN  OF  BODMIN. 

Of  this  ancient  Bodmin  faniii\-  the  first  whom  wo  find  mentioned  is  Roger  Mai'tyn,  who,  in 
12th  Edw.  I.  (1284  *)  was  amerced  for  selling  wine  contrary  to  the  assise;  and  the  same  Roger 
was  defendant  at  the  suit  of  Ralph  de  Uonwych  of  Bodmin  in  an  assize  of  a  view  of  recognisance  of  a 
free  tenement  in  Bodmin  in  17th  Edw.  I.*  Roger  Martyn,  probably  son  of  the  above,  is  mentioned 
in  the  Assize  Roll  of  30th  Edw.  I ,  and  we  also  find  him  described  in  an  undated  deed  of  this 
roign  t  as  seneschal  of  Bodmj'u,  and  lie  is  alluded  to  as  bailiff  in  31st  Edw.  I.*  He  was  manu- 
captor  for  John  Dira  in  .')3rd  Edw.  I.,  J  and  attested  deeds  in  the  32nd  and  3-ith  of  this  King's 
reign  f  (1304  and  130(3).  He  is  mentioned  in  an  Inquisition, §  and  was  manucaptor  for  William 
Caruball,  Burgess  in  Pai-liament,  in  the  following  year.||  We  find  also  Geoffry  Martyn  and  John 
Martyn, H  both  of  Bodmin,  probabh^  brothers  of  Roger,  attesting  deeds  of  this  date.f  In  7th  Edw. 
II.  (1313)  John  Martyn  was  manucaptor  for  Amadis  de  Bodmyn,  one  of  the  burgesses  in  Parlia- 
ment, II  and  in  the  same  year  he  is  described  as  son  of  Roger.**  John,  son  of  Robert  Martyn,  which 
Robert  was  probably  also  a  son  of  Roger,  is  mentioned  in  the  Assize  Roll  of  7tli  Edwi  II.  (1313). 
He  is  also  mentioned  in  another  Roll  of  14th  Edw.  II.  (1320),  as  the  son  of  Robert  Martyn  of 
Bodmin.  He  was  Burgess  in  Parliament  34tli  Edw.  II.  (1361). jj  Adam  Martin,  believed  to  be 
the  son  of  Robert,  is  mentioned  in  the  Assize  Roll  of  3rd  Edw.  III.  and  was  mayor  in  the  19th  of 
that  King's  reign  (1340)  ft  and  in  (1345).  His  name  stands  at  the  head  of  the  pedigree  recorded 
in  the  Heralds'  College.$|  By  Tiiomasine,  daughter  of  William  Coulyng,  he  had  a  son  Roger,§§ 
who  had  two  sons,  Roger  and  ^Villiam.  Roger  died  leaving  two  daughters,  co-heirs.  Joan, 
the  eldest,  married,  25tli  Hen.  \1.  Otlio,  son  and  heir  of  John  Trefusis,  and  is  now  represented 
by  the  Lord  Clinton,  and  Agnes  the  youngest  became  the  wife  of Winter. 

*   Assize  Rolls.  t  At  Tregothnan. 

i  Parliamentary  Writs.  §  Escheats  32n(l  Edw.  I. 

II  Writs  and  Uetums  to  Parliament. 

^  John  Martyn  and  Roger  Martyn  di-alt  largely  in  tin — as  appeal's  from  the  Sheriff's  Account  of  the  Stannaries 
.34th  Edw.  I.  **  Assize  Rolls  7th  Edw.  I. 

tt  Pat.  Rolls  19th  Edw.  111.  p.  2,  m.  22.     (1329.)  JJ  Had.  MS.  1104,  fo.  84. 

§§  Roger  witnessed  a  deed  dated  3rd  Rich.  II.  now  at  Place,  Eowey.  Roger  Martyn  of  Budniyn  was  one  of  the  Col- 
lectors of  the  Subsidy  10th  Rich.  II.     (lurolment  of  Tax  Accounts.) 


FAMILY  HISTORY — MARTYN. 


187 


PEDIGREE  OP  MARTYN  OF  BODMIN. 


A 

G 

t 

./M 

Roger  MartjTi,  of  BodmTn.  living=p. 
U'th  ami  17th  Edw.  I.  I 


Geoffi  y,      Roger  Martrn,  Seneschnl=f= John  Martyn  of  Bod-=Joaiina, 


living  of  Bodmvn,  living  1305. 

130-1. 


myn,  living  1313.       living 
1348. 


Robert  Martyn,  living  1313.=p. .  •  • 

I 

r "-1 

Adam  Martyn  of  Bodmyn ,'^TIwmanne,  dan.  of    William  Martyn,=Dioni- 
Mayor  of  Bodmin  1315.     I    WiUium  Coiiling.  living  138(5.  sia. 


Hoger  Marfi/iu^ITi'trian,  dim.  of 


Harl.  MS.  1079.  240. 


19  lUch.  II. 


Itidph  Cor//. 


Kogir  Martyn,  a  ITin.  iy.=j^EH:ab(f/i,  dim.  and  hiir  of  Rt chard  Trcrirovsi'.         William  Martyn,  living  1430. 
J- ^ 

Agneg,  second  daii.  and  coheir,  wife  to  Winttsr,  Jane,  dau.  and  coheir,  mar.  Otho  Trefiigis,  son 

from  mhotii  Bogerg  of  Cnnningfon,  co.  So/ncr-  and  heir  of  John  Trefusis,  a"  25   ffen.    VI. 

set,  is  descended.*  Living  2  Edw.  IV. 

[The  portion  in  italics  is  from  the  recorded  Tcdigrec  of  the  Heralds'  Visitation,  Harl.  MS.  1164-84.] 


BLIGH.  BLIGHE,  OR  BLIGHT. 

The  family  of  Bligh,  Bliglie,  or  Bliglit,  tliougli  the  name  is  often  written  in  these  scvorni 
ways,  scorns  to  ha\  c  been  tlie  same,  and  to  liave  borno  the  same  arms.  Tlie  name  is  of  some  eon- 
sidcrablc  anti<iuity  in  Bodmin,!  though  we  do  not  find  it  among  those  of  the  inhabitants  who  eon- 
tributed  to  the  rebuilding  of  the  church  in  1472.  In  tin's  year,  however,  was  Richard  Bligh  born, 
who  became  mayor  of  the  borough  in  the  year  1505,  so  that  we  conclude  he  was  the  first  of  the 
family  who  .settled  at  Bodmin,  as  he  is  the  first  in  tlic  pcdigi-co  of  Bligh  of  Bodmin  recorded  in 
the  Hci-alds'  Visitation  Books  of  1(120,  from  which  pedigree  it  appears  that  they  matched  witii  ihc 
district  gentry.     John   Bligh, |  son   of  Richard,  was  mayor  in  1530,   and   wo  find   tliat  William 


*  .Jane,  dau.  and  s.ile  lieir  of  Edward  Winter,  married  Sir  George  Rogers  of  Canyugton.,  whose  grandson  Francis 
Rogers  was  living  in  l(i23.     (Visitation  of  Som.  1623.     Harl.  MS.  1.559.  179.) 

t  The  name  ocenrs  in  the  Manor  Rolls  of  Trelaske  as  early  as  Henry  IV. 

t  William  Bligh,  John  Bligh,  senior,  and  John  Bligli,  junior,  were  assessed  to  the  Subsidy  in  Bodmin  in  ir.2,"i,  when 
they  appear  to  have  been  among  the  nio.st  wealthy  people  in  the  town.     (Sub.  Rolls  lOth  Hen.  VIII.  {]^.) 


188  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 

Blight  was  head  burgess,  and  John  Blight  mayoi-  in  1531  ;  and,  though  the  name  of  the  former  is 
not  recorded  in  the  pedigree,  it  is  pi-obable  that  he  was  the  brother  of  John.  Thomas,  son  of  John, 
died  6th  Sept.  1576,  when  he  was  found  to  be  seized  of  Boconnion,  part  of  Colquite,  Penhergert, 
&c.,  and  that  John  Bligh  of  Bodmin  was  his  son  and  heir.*  John  Bligh.  who  was  mayor  in  1582 
and  1588,  had  a  large  fomily.  Thomas  his  son  and  heir  carried  on  tlie  .succession  at  Bodmin, 
whilst  John  settled  at  Exeter  and  became  the  founder  of  the  feniily  of  Blight,  Lords  of  the  Manor 
of  Parnacott,  co.  Devon,  which  it  is  believed  became  extinct  in  the  male  line  in  the  beginning  of 
the  18tli  century.  Gilbert  Bligh,  son  of  John  above  mentioned  as  mayor,  married  Elizabeth 
daughter  of  Digory  Roe,  of  St.  Issey,  and  settled  in  that  parish,  where  his  descendants  remained 
to  the  third  generation. 

Thomas,  son  and  heir  of  John,  recorded  the  pedigree  of  the  family  at  the  Visitation  of  the 
Heralds  in  1620.  He  died  17th  Oct.  1624,  seized  of  the  Manor  of  Boconnion,  held  of  the  Manor 
of  Blisland  in  free  socage  ;  a  moietv  of  the  Manor  of  Canalezv  in  St.  Issev,  held  of  the  Manor  of 
Pawton  ;  Trelogett,  held  of  the  King  as  of  the  castle  of  Launceston  by  military  service ;  Tre- 
weens,  held  of  Henr}'  Spiller,  Knt.  as  part  of  the  Manor  of  Colquite;  and  other  land  in  Bodmin, 
Blisland,  Endellion,  St.  Kew,  St.  Teath,  and  Lanivet.  His  son  Richard  Bligh,  Gent.,  was  found 
to  be  his  next  heir,  and  to  be  of  the  age  of  14  years  and  three  months. -f-  Richard  had  two  sons — 
Richard  and  Francis,  the  latter  of  whom  was  a  notary  public  and  mayor  in  1684.  The  issue  of 
both  these  sons  seems  to  ha\e  become  extinct  on  the  death  of  Francis,  son  of  Francis,  in  1727. 
Thomas  Bligh  had  two  other  sons,  viz.  John,  who  died  in  1663,  leaving  two  sons,  John  and 
Richard  ;  and  Charles,  born  in  1624,  after  the  Visitation.  We  are  unable  to  trace  the  baptism  of 
Charles.  It  was  probabh'  solemnized  at  Hellaud,  the  earl}-  registers  of  which  pari.sh  are  lo.st ;  but 
in  his  will,  dated  1st  Dec.  1684,  he  mentions  his  nephew  Francis  Blight,  who  attests  the  will.  As 
Francis  was  the  son  of  Richard  above  mentioned,  Charles,  being  his  uncle,  must  have  been  the 
brother  of  the  same  Richard.  Charles  was  mayor  of  Bodmin  in  1677,  and  died  as  above  stated  in 
1684,  leaving  two  sons,  Charles  and  Richard. 

Chai'les  Blight  settled  at  Launceston,  where  he  was,  as  his  monument  there  styles  him, 
"  sajpius  prjetor."  He  purchased  the  estate  of  Brockle  in  South  Petherwin,  and  lived  there. 
Intermarrying  with  Judith  daughter  of  George  Bellew  of  Plymouth,  and  dying  in  1716,  he  left 
four  co-heiresses:  Elizabeth;  Mary,  who  married  the  Rev.  William  Bedford  (issue  extinct);  Ann; 
and  Judith,  who  married  Arthur  Lawrence  of  Launceston,  whose  great-grandson,  Northmore  Herle 
Pierce  Lawrence  of  Launceston,  Esq.  is  now  the  sole  representative  of  Charles  Bligh  or  Blight. 

Richard  Blight,  son  of  Charles  of  Bodmin,  was  mayor  of  that  borough  in  1705-1717,  and 
again  in  1723.  He  had  a  son  Lewis  Blight,  who  was  mayor  in  1734  and  1741,  and  died  in  1760, 
leaving  several  children. 

*  luq.  p.  m.  23r(i  Elizabeth.  +  Inq.  p.  ni.  date  14  April  10th  Charles  1. 


IF- 


ci   S 

: 

-=- 

i^ 

J"e 

*    5. 

•<."2 

:;"    . 

?^ 

^'. 

A 

g 

^ 

^ 

Ih--" 

a: 

es 

■^  • 

5% 


Ih- 


=  tc  te  <-  t;  ^  .  •  -7 


II 

i! 

Q    - 


^  it 


■fli 


;£i  ^M  — 

C^-  g 


r  S  .?•.■ 


E.    ^ 


■5  =  -^ 


s5v 


•to       S  *^ 

s  N  1^2  —  --« 


w  -3  _z  ^  _~  ;i^ 


II 

' 

■1 

*      1 

^ 

c 

%?2  [ 

■^ 

=?•§ 

^ 

»c 

, 

=». 

^ 

. 

b- 

•  ^ 

-^ 

-^ 

»o 

'^ 

=^<r 

■^ 

^ 

"1, 

5^ 

^=5^  1 

1 

-§ 

S 

tt 

12 

CO 

1  <  c  —  ^ 


Other  children  not  known. 


to  1  lU 


P  ^^  X  IS  K  .S  ; 


fi-^  >;  E  §  -.g  g  p :::  «•  -3  . . 


a      ^ 


05    =  -^ 


a;  >.= 


^  5  =  s=;J 


-  CO 


-Sao 

-  a  3  -i  •«  =3 

>,  "^  at  *  -^ 


g  §1-2  i-s;!! 


J3 


^  o  13 


S  o  3 


a  1;  s 


5  -e 


^.i-  "^    ^    1,.         '^    -r. 


!^i 


•e,a,  "^  ;^  3 


5   3 


.s  B(a;sst;pq 


O  —  ^     r-     O     S 

t-  --a  .S   "   O 

•3 .5 J= '-'-'_  So 
S  s  a    --bIS  >. 


Ih 


•s-^ 


■■t  §  'B  §  -S 1 1 3  i  1 1:"|  g-g 

,^  §■«!  5-^  S"*^  5-s  5-^  S-=N  s" 

L— <       c-i       o^       "*•       o       «c       t^ 


»Q    2 


^         ^-11 


|S<! 


a  ""  ^   ■-*•  2 

"5  a  >  -  -+  ^ 
^  a  --^  .'J  TJ  ^ 


5  ■«  ^  I;  r- 

~  5i    ^  a  ^  ^ 

=5  S^^J  E 


■44^ 


C  a5;~  Silro  ^  a  ;  si.1;.2-.£ 


35    '~53TIi:  = 


^  .^  - -»      .    i— ,1— ■    ^  to 


ra  £-5  2 


^-.r  n  '^  .3 


W  ~i3  S 


2h  ™  -^  ►      "" 


^►^^•ShI 


-33  J3    Ci  c  . 

~  .";  -T-  ■--    C  ■-    S    r-    "J  =5  3 


a>  «  3 


<i  E  p.,  fLi  s  ,H 


2  t:    :S4~ 
~Sa  :S'?.S 


■J  ^  •g_t  ^  =™ 

r^  o  cTS  3  i^ 

W  .2  J   r-  .r    -, 


=      ^ 


C3 
.3 


■     O     '     3    it  •- 

s  .Si  3  -S  s  — 


II- 


i2; 
o 

« 

■< 

W 

« 


r-  i-J  --3    =«  -iJ   «   C 

52    rf   f_,   C  Jp;  ~    p 

'^^E^-l^. 


>  «  c  r:  c^ 
i>  *2  o  ^  "-J 


II— 


S  rf'kS  o  □  3 


IV- 


„-c-.  i^  a  g 

■—  "    2    o    3 
I        .-  i~  _2  r-   c3 

-^  -^  ~   S  t-5  .- 

I    r  -    .  t-  -i      x 

^  3  «<  Ji  ■«  i* 


3-3    O    O  .     -         ■-        *. 

.^z:  ci^.5  0fM-3M  i-cc 
ei  23  S  t:^  3  I-  t-  3  t^  g  l^ 
t-lrH(^    O    3rHT-(    rt-^J^i-t 

•S'o  Mgi^.a'     ^-s  i  J, 

'■3  s  c  =  ^  s  I  a  c-^  Z-^-f> 


5  2  ■ 


'W-Sh-l 


►^  s  <i  -3  -s  j  a 


1^ 


.--     *^    --  |>^     ; 


S'o'EI^SJi:^^^ 


■  =s  -3  _-i3  a 
.2-2  a--  3 

■r^.o    3-3   3 


S  5  fS  fq  6  '-c  .2 


CO  -*J     I 

_C)   03  a   ai 

d  -S  <  V  =n    .  o> 

W  .^  yj  -0  ^  .3  rH 


;■•—  s  -r  3  1-  c 

.i.  =H  j:  —  .i  «  !» 


.r;  3-1^  t-  b- 

'-.-;  s  -J  3  -.3 

M  J   —   .3    -H 


00  -00 

*     ts  t^  CO 

—  r-t  03  i-l 

p    .■  -3      . 


■?*    .3 


'  3    3,     a 


_-o     t- 

-3  ?]      O 

a  1^    "*-! 


-r:     to 

3  ^^      CO 


s.    « 


1^  * 


-  Ph 


It— ^ 

-  5  -s  t-    .0 

.3  3,m  fc,  OD 
O  a  cc  3  15 
•-5  J2  «  j3  — 


a  3.W  C 


3c 


S  .tr     .        .    ., 

SJ2J2    K.gJ2 


-  J3 

o  -r 


5  a  -o 
|^  .3  rt 


a    "   ■   '- 


b-'x'  .-J 

.5  §"'x  s'^ 


F4 


o 

a 
o 

I 


E       I.S 


k5 


0 


190  PARISH  OF  BODillN. 

ACHYM  OF  BODMIN  AND  OF  PELYNT. 

This  family  is  of  considerable  antiquity  in  the  county.  John  Echym  was,  on  13th  Dec.  1318,* 
presented  by  the  Prior  and  Convent  of  Montacute  to  the  Vicarage  of  St.  Neot.  In  1334 1  Thomas 
AehjTn  was  attorney  for  John  the  son  of  John  Daune,  and  in  1377  J  Jlartin  Achym  took  out  a 
writ  of  assize  of  novel  disseisin  against  Thomas  the  son  of  William,  but  did  not  prosecute 
the  suit. 

We  find  the  family  settled  in  Bodmin  in  the  time  of  Henry  VIII.  William  Achym  was 
mayor  in  1537,  and  again  in  1545.  In  1544  this  William  and  Marg\-tt  Achym,  ])TObably 
brothers,  were  assessed  to  tlie  subsidy  in  Bodmin, §  the  former  being  one  of  the  highest  rated  in  the 
towni,  being  assessed  upon  30?.  The  only  other  who  equalled  it  was  William  Vy\yan,  though 
John  Blio-he  was  rated  at  28?.  The  singular  name  of  Margytt  Achym  leads  us  to  infer  that  there 
had  been  an  alliance  between  this  family  and  that  of  Margytt,  one  of  whom  was  mayor  in  1488. 
WiUiam,  son  of  the  above  William,  described  as  of  Pelynt,  registered  the  pedigree  of  the  family, 
extending  back  to  his  grandfather,  at  the  Heralds'  Visitation  of  1573.  He  married  Emma, 
dauo-hter  of  the  above-mentioned  John  Blighe,  in  1559,  and  was  buried  at  Pelynt  at  the  age  of  63 
years  in  1589,  where  a  monument  to  his  memory  still  remains  in  good  preservation.  The 
deceased  is  represented  in  basso-rilievo  clad  in  armour,  with  the  arms  of  himself  and  his  wife 
above.  Around  the  margin  of  the  slab  is  the  following  inscription  :  "  Hie  jacet  Gulielmus  Acliim 
Armiger  qui  obiit  die  mensis  decimo  septimo  Novembris.  Anno  Domini  Millessimo  quingentes- 
simo  oetogessimo  anno  none,  ^tatis  sure  63."  Beneath  are  some  verses  in  Latin  which  are  not 
wholly  legible.  The  Achym  family  possessed  the  manor  of  Much-larrick  or  Much-lanrake  in 
Pelynt,  together  with  the  estates  of  Trenake  and  Hall  in  the  same  parish,  to  which  latter  barton 
■was  annexed  tlie  advowson  of  the  church. 

The  continuation  of  the  pedigree  was  not  recorded  at  the  Visitation  of  the  Heralds  in  1620  ; 
but  we  find  that  in  1617  Henry  Achym,  Gent,  petitioned  against  Thomas  Achym,  Esq.  for  the 
recovery  of  one  messuage,  &c.  in  Trenake  in  Pelynt,  when  Nicholas  Gyll  was  called  to  warrant.  || 
Probably  this  Henry  was  a  son  of  Thomas,  who  was  the  grandson  of  the  above-mentioned  WiUiani. 
which  Thomas  is  described  as  of  Hall  in  Pelynt,  and  in  1618  died  seized  thereof  and  of  the  Manor 
of  Much-lanrake,  and  also  of  Trenake,  &c.  Thomas,  his  son  and  heir,  was  aged  nine  years  at  the 
time  of  his  father's  death,  and  it  is  believed  that  he  had  a  brother,  Bernard  Achym,  who  in  1635 

married  at  Bodmin,  Cecily,  daughter  of  John  Ward  by  Pliilii>pa,  daughter  of Blight.     Two 

children  were  born  of  this  marriage :    Mary,  baptized  163() ;  and  John,  baptized  in  1638,  who  it 
is  supposed  is  identi<;al  with  the  John  Achym  who  suffeied  a  fine  of  land  in  Bodmin  in  1668. 

Thomas  Achym,  last  mentioned,  died  in  1 669,  leaving  tluee  sons  and  several  daughters. 
Thomas,  son  and  heir,  sold  the  manor  of  Much-larrick  to  John  Trelawny,  Esq.  in  1672,  and  he 
suftered  a  fine  of  lauds  in  Bodmin  in  1688.  This  is  the  last  trace  which  wc  have  of  the  family  in 
connection  with  Bodmin,  but  the  three  brothers  were  all  alive  in  1694,  when  their  names  occur 

•  Jlichcll's  Hist,  ol!  St.  Xeot,  p.  81.  +  Assize  Roll  7th  Edw.  HI. 

%  Assize  Roll  10th  Edw.  III.    These  assizes  were  held  at  Bodmin. 

§  Subsidy  R>11  35  Hen.  VIII.  t5|.  II  Recoveries  14  James  Hilary,  Roll  Lxxxs. 


FAMILY  HISTORY — ACHYM. 


191 


in  tlio  accounts  of  tlic  paii.sli  of  Pelynt.  Tlie  rate-book  is  signed  by  Thomas  Achym  in  1702,  and 
in  1707  he  sold  to  tho  Trehiwny  family  the  aisle  in  Pel^'iit  Church,  which  belonged  to  the  barton 
of  Hall.  From  this  date  we  lose  all  trace  of  the  family,  but  the  following  tradition  is  preserved 
in  the  Lysons'  MS.  Correspondence  in  the  British  Museum  :  "  The  last  of  this  family  sent  his 
steward  to  renew  a  lease  of  some  property  which  he  held  under  the  Duchy,  but  tho  steward  re- 
newed the  lease  in  the  name  of  Buller.  Acli}'m  being  told  of  this  fraud,  went  in  pursuit  of  his 
ste\\ard  and  killed  him  on  Berrydown,  at  a  place  which  the  people  to  this  day  call  slew-gate. 
After  this  Achym,  to  avoid  justice,  went  to  sea,  and  on  his  death  was  buried  in  Pelynt  church, 
where  he  is  represented  at  full  length  on  a  monument."  Of  course  the  appropriation  to  him  of  the 
monixment  described  above  is  an  error,  but  the  tradition  is  still  quite  rife  among  the  natives 
of  Pelynt. 

PEDIGREE  OF  ACHYM. 


^■^  ^    <^ 


^VU/iam  Achaii 


=pMargaret,  dan.  anil  lie 
I  John  Tri:rilla. 


ir  of 


William  Acham  of  Builmyn.- 
in  Cornirall.  Mayor  1,537, 
15-15;  (?)  buried  151)4.* 


■Margcri/,  John  Achym,' 

dim.  anil  heir    of  Botlmiu. 
(/  JoTi  n 
White. 


^Agiies, 
buried 
1575.* 


Tanisiu 

Raffo, 

1 
LoivdCy 

\ 
M  iUiaui.\.chain~y-Einma^daii. 

Jone, 

Achini, 

bapt.   at 

mife  to 

ofPlenynth^aVs 

of  John 

bur. 

liuried 

Bodmin 

Plijnt,  in  Corn- 

Bliqh of 

1575.' 

1559.* 

1558  :bm-. 

Aiicrij. 

wall;  bur.  1.58!), 

liodmini  ; 

r 

1558.* 

-r 

ict.  63.    M.  I.f        m.  lo5'J.* 
r -■ r- 

■  -  1 

I 

Agnes. 


George  and  Johu, 
bapt.  1560.* 


Thomas  Arham,^. 
Sonne  and  heire.  I 


Mar-    Eliza- 
gerij.     hcth. 


William  Achym  held  a  free  tenement  in  the 
Manor  ot  Trchxwny  in  1G05.  The  same  name 
occurs  as  .a  free  tenant  of  the  same  manor  in 
1C28  and  in  1035. 


I 


Thomas  Achym,  of  Hall  in  Pelynt,  bought  Trenay=p, 
in  St.  Neot ;  Lord  of  the  Manor  of  Much  Lan- 
rake,  and  of  Trenake  in  Pelynt.     Died  12  Deer 
1618.     (luq.  p.  m.  18  James  I.) 


-r 


Bernard    Achym,^Cccily.dau.of  John  and  Phil-  John  Achjnn, 

of  Bodmin.        I  lipjia   Warde  ;    died    1639,*  married  .suffered  a  fine 

I  mar.  1635.*  Jeremy    of   lands   in 

1 ' 1  Spry.        Bodmin  1668. 

MaiT.  bapt.  1636.*      Johu  Achym,  bapt.  1638.* 


Thomas  Achym.  of  Hall,  in: 
Pclvnt,  granted  lease  of  Trc- 
nav  16.-J2  ;  died  1669.  Will 
dated  16r,4  ;  born  1609.  (Inq. 
p.  m.  of  his  father.) 


:Ursula,    Henry, 
dau.  of 


I 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 

I  I  I  I  I  I  I   .  ^     I    . 

Mary,    Mary  the     Eliza-      Ann,    Marga-     Thomas  Achym,   son   and   heir,  conveyed     Jonathan,  young-     Francis,  un- 

eldest     4th  dau.      beth,        5th       ret,  Trenay  and    land.s    in   St.   Neot  to   .Toliu  est   son,    of   Tre-  dcr   age    in 

dau.  6th  dau.     young-      Ilambly,  13   April    1672.     Signed   Parish  nake,uuder  age  in  1664;  living 

dau.  est  dau.      Accounts  1702  ;   suffered  a  line  of  lands  in  1664  ;  living  1693.  in  1694. 

Bodmin  1688. 

I  certify  that  the  portion  (pf  this  Pedigree  printed  in  italics  and   the  Arms  agree  with  the  Pedigree  and  Arms  (.f 

Achym  recorded  in  the  Heralds'  College. 

George  HaEBISON,  Windsor  Herald. 


At  B.Mlmiu. 


t   At  Pelynt. 


192 


PARISH  OF  BODillN. 


MICHELL  OF  BODMIN. 


The  family  of  Michell  or  Mitchell  was  of  considerable  standing  in  Bodmin  for  at  least  three 
generations  from  the  middle  of  the  sixteenth  century.  Ralph  Michell  was  assessed  for  the  subsidy 
at  Bodmin  in  1544,  and  was  three  times  mayor,  viz.  1551, 1560,  and  1578  ;  and  was  also  burgess 
in  Parliament  in  1555.  His  son,  Richard  Michell,  was  also  three  times  mayor.  He  died  without 
issue  in  1607,  and  the  representation  of  the  family  devolved  upon  his  brother,  Gilbert  Michell,  and 
his  issue.  Gilbert  also  had  been  mayor  and  burgess  in  Parliament.  The  family  passed  away  fvova 
Bodmin  about  the  middle  of  the  17th  century.  Tliese  Michells  formed  alliances  with  the  best 
blood  in  the  countv',  e.ff.  with  the  Roscarrocks,  Kendalls,  and  Carminows. 

In  our  search  for  the  continuation  of  this  family  we  discovered  that  a  certain  Edwai'd 
Mitchell  in  1074  married  Elizabeth  Chapman,  sister  and  heir  of  William  Chapman,  the  son  of 
Richard,  the  son  of  Edward  Chapman  of  Resprjm,  Gent.,  who  in  the  year  1(511  purchased  the 
Manor  of  Resprin  of  Thomas  Carminow,  Esq.  By  this  mai'riage  the  Mitchells  acquii'ed  the  Manor 
of  Resprjai  and  other  lands  in  St.  Winnow  and  Lanhydrock,  but  Chapman  Mitchell,  son  of  Ed- 
ward, sold  Resprpi  in  1745,  and  his  son  Chapman  died  in  1751,  v.  p.,  and  was  buried  at  Bodmin. 
We  have  failed,  liowever,  to  establish  any  connection  between  this  family  and  the  Michells  of 
Bodmin,  of  which  we  are  specially  treating. 

We  have  been  equally  unsuccessful  in  tracing  any  consanguinity  between  either  of  these 
families  and  a  fitmily  of  MicheU  some  time  settled  at  Bodmin,  now  represented  bj-  William 
Michell,  Esq.,  M.D.  of  Plymouth,  who  sometime  represented  the  borough  of  Bodmin  in  ParUa- 
ment.  This  gentleman  is  the  son  of  Bennett  Michell  of  Bodmin,  the  son  of  Bennett  Michell  of 
St.  Austell,  son  of  Jolm  Michell  of  the  same  place. 

Radiilphug  MicheU,  de  Bodmin  in  eom.^.... 
Cornubire.  Mayor  1551,  1560,  and  1571;  I 
Burgess  in  Pari.  1555  :  bur.  1578. 


Ricardus  MicheU,  2 
fiUiif,  diixit  Phil. 
Jiliam  ^^'aIteri  Ken- 
daU  of  PcUine,  et  oh. 
s.p.  Bur.  1()07;  mavor 
IJSi.  1593,  and  1605. 


GiUjertus  MicheU^Francinca,  filia  Ant/i. 


de  Bodmin,  tiliiiset 
hares.  JIaTorl604, 
bur.  1612.  Burgess 
in  Pari.  1585. 


iVan-  Jane 
ces,       bapt 
bapt. 
1603. 


2.  lla-3.Gil.  Phillij)-- 
dill-     ber-     pug  Mi- 
1597;  phus.    till.      chell 


Poicarrock  de  Crotean; 
renupta  Joh'i  fsinders 
de  Bodmin.  Mar.  Gil. 
bert  iliibell  at  Bodmin 

21  XoT.  158y. 


Ed- 
ward, 
bapt. 

1604; 

bur. 

1605. 


mar. 
Wm. 
Blight 
1622. 


de  Bod- 

min,Jil. 

et  htrr. 

fuper- 

ites 

1620. 


=Blanche 
dan.  of       beth 
Thos.Car-  dau. 
minoWjbo.  of 

1602;  mar 

St.  Win- 
now 1625; 
died  1673, 
aged  71. 
M.  I.  No. 
11. 


— T 1 

Kliza — r'^Bicar — J)oyo-  Jana 
di/s,  bpt. 
1602; 


thy, 
d.  of 


niavor 
1630 
and 
1643. 


nvpta 
Jfich'o 
Maynard 
de  Milt  OH 
Abbott  in 
com.  De- 
von; mar. 

bu.  16  1609;  died 

Mav    1610. 

1639. 


Tur- 
ney ; 
mar. 
1628; 


Gilbert,  bapt.  1640.         France?,  bapt.  1643. 


I  certify  that  the  portion  of  this  Pedigree  printed  in  italics,  and  the  Arms,  agree  with  the  Pedigree  and  Arms  of 
Michell  of  Bodmm  recorded  in  the  Heralds'  Visitation  of  1620.     2  C.  I.,  401. 

George  Habbison,  Windsor  Herald. 
December  1869. 


193 

SPREY  OF  BODMIN  AND  ST.  KEW. 

This  family  migrated  from  St.  Columb.  The  first  who  would  appear  to  have  settled  at  Bod- 
min was  William  Sprey,  who  married  Elizabeth  daughter  of Kittow  of  the  last-mentioned 

place,  where  tliej  had  several  children  bai)tized  ;  the  earliest  registered  being  in  1562.  Nicholas 
Sprey  was,  it  is  probable,  christened  before  the  registers  were  commenced.  This  gentleman  mar- 
ried Margaret  daughter  of  Christopher  Walker,  Town  Clerk  of  Bodmin,  to  which  office  he  suc- 
ceeded, and  was  resident  at  Bodmin  in  1620,  the  date  of  the  Heralds'  Visitation,  when  lie 
registered  his  pedigree,  showing  his  descent  from  his  father  with  continuation  to  his  grand- 
children. 

Nicholas  Spre}^  died  in  1624,*  being  then  Town  Clerk,  and  in  his  will  makes  several  remark- 
able bequests  to  the  town,  to  which  we  have  already  alluded  under  the  head  of  Charities,  and 
Customs  of  the  Town. 

Christopher,  eldest  son  of  Nicholas  Sprey,  married  Johanna  daughter  of  Richard  Courtenay 
of  Lanivet,  and,  dying  before  his  father,  left  issue  two  sons  and  a  daughter.  Stephen,  the  second 
son  of  Nicholas,  would  seem  to  have  been  at  the  point  of  death  at  the  time  of  the  decease  of  his 
father,  who  says  in  his  will,  "  whereas  I  do  not  know  whether  my  son  Stephen  Sprey  be  living  or 
not,"  &c.  He  survived  his  father  but  a  very  short  time.  His  wife  was  enceinte  at  the  time  of  his 
death,  but  we  find  no  trace  of  issue.  By  his  will,  dated  1st  May  1624,  he  bequeathed  to  the  poor 
of  Bodmin  all  his  estate  in  a  house  in  Lostwithiel  Street,  and  a  jjlot  of  ground  beyond  the  bridge 
by  Halgaver  Mill.  He  married  Jane,  daughter  of  Littleton  Trenance,  to  whom  probate  was 
granted  on  14th  April  1625,  under  the  name  of  Jane  Sprey,  but  on  the  30th  of  the  same  month 
administration  of  the  will  of  Nicholas  Sprey  was  granted  to  her,  under  the  name  of  "Jane  Sprey 
ats  Perryman,t  relict  of  and  executrix  to  the  will  of  Stephen  Sprey,  deceased,  son  of  Nicholas 
Sprey,  deceased."     Nicholas  Sprey  in  his  will  mentions  his  cousin  John  Sprey  of  St.  Columb. 

Philip  Sprey,  eldest  son  of  Christopher,  inherited  considerable  estates  acquired  by  his  grand- 
father, and  settled  at  Trevinnick  in  St.  Kew.  In  the  time  of  the  rebellion  he  adhered  to  the  King, 
and  all  his  estate,  both  real  and  personal,  was  sequestrated.  Ho  was  seized  of  a  freehold  in  St. 
Kew  for  life,  with  remainder  to  Nicholas  Sprey  his  eldest  son  and  the  heirs  males  of  his  body, 
with  remainder  over  successively  to  his  other  sons  in  tail;  J  and  of  certain  lands  and  tenements  in 
Bodmyn,  Lanivet,  St.  Winnow,  and  Egloshayle.  He  was  also  seized  for  tho  term  of  his  life  in  a 
moiety  of  the  sheaf-tithe  of  the  Rectory  of  St.  Kew,  remainder  to  Wilmot  his  wife  for  her  join- 
ture, remainder  to  Nicholas  Sprey  his  eldest  son  and  the  heirs  males  of  his  body,  and  remainder 
o\er  as  above.  He  conqiounded  for  these  and  other  lands  on  22nd  May  1649,  for  the  sum  of 
288^.§  The  family  appears  to  have  become  extinct  in  the  male  lino  on  the  death  of  his  grandson 
Philip  Sprey,  Vicar  of  St.  Issey,  in  1729,  who  left  two  daughters  then  children. 

*  Prin.  Court  of  Probate,  Byrd  96.     See  also  Clark  42. 

f  She  married  John  Perryman,  presumed  to  lie  the  same  who  was  afterwards  Town  Clerk  ;  the  following  entries  oeeur 
in  the  Parish  Re};ister  : 

1G25.  John  the  son  of  M'  John  and  .Tane  Penynian. 

1626.  George  the  son  of  M'  John  anil  Jane  Pen'ynnin. 
t  Settled  by  deed  dated  lath  January  19th  Onirics  I. 
§  Royalist  Composition  Papers,  vol.  x.xxviii.  fo.  505. 

3d 


194 


02 

P 


P 

o 

pq 

o 

OQ 


I' 


"5  8  r 


S  3 


Ih- 


II— 


3  &■  ^  g  r 


■Si    -§  -.i-^- 


?>     iS> 


Ih- 


i,._^  ^23 


'  J;  t>  «  r  r^  =3 


^  r 


2  S 


^0 


g*. 


=  ■2     > 


►S   «    2  -^  =o  -a  ►? 


2  ^   P4CO   s«  t-~ 
^   ci>  03  o  3  >o 


"So  30 

03  ^  O 


-tS  t-    .0 

C  J2  rH  ^  -< 


r5 


II- 


^  .     *  -S  g  0-'-      -  i  I 
4         *.    •. 

^         -^  O^      .  CO 

■g  g  g  "o  5  I.-3 

i  e  ^  -a  .?S  c3  ■=  =  S  1;  - 


►ts  o  ~  c-i  a 


*^   >  ^  oi  »o   3  CO 

-C     8  C^  ^  rt  J3  r- 
«■  .  "&>  - 


~  U) 


CO    3 


Ih^ 


r   ^  >»  qS   .  •  -*J  l>-     ,  t-- 

.  ^     ^     ?^  r-     0.30     J-   f-- 


Ih 


M    03    3 


3  -S 
d   2  * 

«■■<;  CO 

be    .     ■ 

<    ■  S 


Ih- 


C-  3 

^  * 
*  —  ♦ 

"c  m  to 

1    »-:i  '-'r-H 


.§< 


^'fe' 


?  s-s 

f^^f-H 

sT    » 

* 

I0  -M  0    . 

^ 

--3    &.0    u 

§ 

^ 

•^ 

^      * 

r^    *^    3D 

0     ^C5 

;S  cs  10 

P^   ^   i-H 

>p 

Jj    ofw  OS 

.0 

-.:=  ,i    Ars 

^-  G^? 

S  ZD 

.12  rH 

§■=«  3  "3  3 .»!  -o  ^  •=  2 


s  b 


a  o 


a 

3    <"    d—    -  0< 

=  ?■  3  ax 


k:^s 


—  o  V  o  '^   ""  5  5 
■?g-  §■?£:=:  ;i  g  §.2-5 


o   1= 


=      hSUS 


"6^ 


-3  ^1,30  J-  35 
■  O  c3  U2  3  O 
1-5-3  r-t^  rl 


"5         J,  O   U 


•■_2  g-  5.0 


■"S    CO    I.  M 
CJ    c3  CO    3  CO 


-^    35 


5^-5 


<i  c^  ^ 


-f-o 


"    d 


-  3    3 


==  ^3 


^05 
3-1=  J  ij 

g  s  a  . 
■d  ^s.> 

S     d     S  rH 


.2  Cci=cd 

J=^  CO  CO 


CO 

0 

3 

_B 

^ 

"d 

■< 

a 

0 

OS 
CO 

0 

9 
C5 

rn 

CO 

■M 


-ibS'"! 


Ih— 

8  J 

5!/J 


X:  CO 

03 

B 

(-1 

0:? 

c^ 

_^'  t- 

d 

^2 

s 

-Ih— 

-s  -^ 

u  t- 

=3  -\' 

d  ;- 

-^  ^1 

cj  -; 

-y 

aTO 

>o 

rt   rH 

-"S 

3;i^ 

IS  S 

.a 

!E 


P-ia2 


jlco 


*^  2 


Si 


=J  = 


I  Wi 


c  S" 


^d  t- 


03 


3 

s 

o 


O 


eft  CO 

d  ^ 


a.  CO 


d 


O  J 


i 


.1 


195 

FAMILY  OF  DAGGE. 

The  family  of  Dagge  was  settled  in  St.  Teath  at  an  early  period.  Roger  Dagge  was  assessed 
to  tlie  subsidy  in  that  parish  1st  Edw.  III.  (1327.)  William  Dagge  of  St.  Teath  in  the  begin- 
ning of  the  litli  century  married  Janet,  daughter  of  John  Smith  of  Trewigget,  in  St.  Kew,* 
which  subsequently  became  the  seat  of  the  Dagge  family  for  many  generations.  John  Dagge  of 
Trewigget,  by  Margery  daughter  of  William  Webber  of  St.  Kew,  had  three  sons :  John,  the 
eldest,  continued  the  succession  at  Trewigget,  and  registered  the  pedigree  of  the  family  at  the 
Heralds'  Visitation  of  1620. f  Abel  Dagge  the  third  son  settled  at  Bodmin,  and  on  12th  February 
1620  married  Margaret  Martin  of  St.  Kew.  He  was  Mayor  of  Bodmin  in  1652,  and  died  in 
1663,  leaving  several  sons,  of  whom  should  be  mentioned  John,  Abel,  and  Henry. 

John  Dagge  was  Mayor  of  Bodmin  in  1667  and  1678.  He  had  a  son,  Jonathan,  who  matri- 
culated at  Oxford  on  15th  November  1678,  and  was  instituted  to  the  Rectory  of  Endellion  in 
1709  (of  whom  hereafter). 

Henry  Dagge  was  Mayor  in  1674.  He  had  several  children,  but  his  descendants  disappear 
from  Bodmin  in  the  beginning  of  the  18th  century.  John  settled  at  Fowey,  and  died  1703;  Henry 
had  three  sons,  John,  James,  and  Henry, f  who  were  eminent  legal  practitioners  in  London  in  the 
middle  of  the  century.  Henry  was  the  purchaser,  soon  after  1754,  of  the  Manor  of  Pallingswick 
in  the  parish  of  Hammersmith,  which  he  again  sold  to  John  Dorville,  Esq.  in  1765.  James 
purchased  Killiganoon  in  Cornwall.  He  and  his  brother  Henry  became  connected  with  Covent 
Garden  Theatre,  and  appear  to  have  died  involved  and  issueless. 

John  had  three  children — John,  Henry,  and  Catherine.  Henry  was  practising  as  a  solicitor 
in  Clement's  Inn  in  17110,  but  both  brothers  appear  to  have  died  s.  p.  Catherine  died  unmarried 
in  1837,  aged  73  years,  and  was  buried  at  Hammersmith,  as  her  mother  had  been  in  1808.  She 
left  all  her  projjerty  to  the  children  of  George  Cory  of  Hammersmith,  Esq. 

Abel  Daggo,  baptized  1622,  had  a  sou  of  the  same  name  who  is  mentioned  in  the  will  of 
John  Stone  of  Bodmin,  dated  1667. §  We  have  no  certain  evidence  what  became  of  him,  but  we 
believe  him  to  have  been  the  father  of  Abel  Dagge  of  Bristol,  apothecary  (druggstrucker),  who 
was  admitted  to  the  freedom  of  that  city  after  his  marriage  with  the  daughter  of  Thomas 
Hall  of  Bristol, II  and  who,  from  philanthropic  motives,  became  Governor  of  the  prison  in  that 
city  in  1739.  His  memory  is  preserved  by  the  kindness  with  which,  in  bad  times,  he  treated 
the  unfortunate  persons  placed  under  his  charge.  Dr.  Johnson  bears  testimony  to  the  tenderness 
and  civility  with  which  Mr.  Dagge  treated  the  poet  Savage,  who  died  in  the  prison  at  Bristol, 
and  was  buried  in  the  church  of  St.  Peter  in  that  city  at  Mr.  Dagge's  expense.  This  gentleman 
is  now  represented  by  Abel  Power  Daggo  of  Lisbon,  Esq. 

*  The  family  of  Smitli  was  siMited  at  Trewit;}^(;t  as  early  as  1280,  as  appears  from  the  following  deed  :  Know  &c.  I 
Luey  wlio  was  wife  of  .John  Smith  of  Trewigett  in  my  inirc  widowhood  f;ivo  and  grant,  &e.  to  Rieliard  Smitli  my  son  and 
Itoesia  daughter  of  John  Crailoek  all  my  messuages,  &e.  Dated  at  Trewegett,  An  .  reg.  reg.  Edwiirdi  post  Conciucstuni 
AngliiU  oetavo.  f   llarl.  MS.  Illi2,  fo.  121!.     Original  Visitation. 

J  Henry  Dagge  wa-s  the  author  of  an  ahle  work  entitled:  "Considerations  on  Criminal  Law."  1st  Edition  177;i. 
Seeond  Edition  enlarged,  1771. 

§  •'  To  Aliel  s<in  of  Ahel  Dagg  5/.  towards  his  advaneenicnt  to  some  good  ealling,  tho  same  to  he  jiaid  to  the  same 
Ahel  Dagg  as  .soon  as  he  shall  lie  eapahle  of  a  trade."     Proved  in  Archd.  Court  of  C'ornw.  Se])t.  l(il!7. 

II  His  son,  of  the  same  name,  a  surgeon,  and  eoront-r  of  the  eity  and  counly  of  Uristol,  was  admitted  to  the  freedom  of 
the  eity  1751.  He  was  the  author  of  a  pamphlet,  entitled  "  A  rare  and  singular,  tho'  not  less  jjroper,  method  of  treating 
a  highly  ardent  or  '  Aerimonious  luflamatory  Fever.'"     Bristol,  177U. 


f 


196 


PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 


P 

o 

pq 

p 
M 

CO 

O 

o 
p 

o 

p^ 

M 

p 


It ^ 


w 
c 


II—, 


Ih— 


C 


'Si 


as 


I ^ 


■Ef^ 

•« 

"*  >^ 

B 

»? 

g 

.2 .2 

'O 

^■? 

■s 

""^ 

fc~-s 

1 

C)   : 

u 

s 

_8 

11-- 


En 

^ 
•« 


.2 


^i 


«i 

-=; 

^ 

^.' 

■il 

^. 

■^ 

fC' 

s 

(5^ 


a 


J30 
cj  00 
^  10 


S      r-g 


K 


"■«^ 


I- 


P 


I- 


c*. 

q-  CO 


"a" 


:j; 


SS5 


IK 


It- 


3  O 


<  s- 


II- 


=^  I 


o 


^1 


c  s- 


11- — - 

gf-^2 

!-  ti 

c^  P    ■ 

— '^    CI.  ^ 
C      ' 


OJ 


L_ 


■J  a'g-^ 


cc  o  ifj  — 


CU    .      .    P. 


'  .. 

s:   !S   'S  -^ 

«J  ~ 

c  e  s  li 

It 

_ — ^.  £  s  i 

— -§14  1 

-t,  "^ 

— a^orS^ 

^2     1 

^  c-i  CO  -** 

- 1; 

«^:J1 

^'!. 

r-sg 

«l 

0 

=^  _|2.^ 

1.1 

|t:  |S 

«s 

^ 

§.r.u 

>^ 

C.        P- 

* 

c3          rf 

-.  <^  ♦^ 

ci 

j:       ^ 

k  § 

-B 

^'r--«c- 

C^ 

s  1;  =  ?1 

t— I  p^  »-(  i-< 


13 

< 

11 

xi 

£• 

0   is 

0 

!'i 

t-.g 

c  '^ 

.SS 

.<! 

o-S 

a 

£pa 

ttw: 

rr  ^+-< 

rt  c 

■^    0 

c  s 

"^    0^ 

c  ^ 

Sg 

""c  .§ 

t-    oj 

1?  ~ 

SQ 

Ir 

t 

cT 

zj 

S  ■- 

o5 

6:-r 

0^ 

%^ 

^   r-> 

rt     . 

'^ 

ES 

cT 

.^■0 

c 

c 

v.   '- 

eS 

3  w 

§ 

C3  CO 

S  t^ 

0  --S 

V^  0  -c  ^ 

II 

t&^      . 

Lc  yca.g 

IL. — • 

5i   t:   O   eS 

see  s 


JS°.2 

S  e  o  fl 


1 


FAMILY  HISTORY — DAGGE. 


197 


-:;  -  S  ~  o 


'i  its 


Ib- 


■  ^it<^ 


S  <=-  S  -r  i?  1^ 


(=5  —  "—I 


g"E.o 

C  ^  -^ 


■c  2 


•s  2  ^  5  u  -  t.'  5  g  -S 
,"*  .s  o  -X  ■ti-f  5  .2  g  3 


i5  S"r-  I  i- 


H-^; 


g  ^  ^  5  s  _  m 


^  O    en  ^         .2      . 

«V^  d  :*  cj     ^  ,.^  ^  i 

cT  ?j,  s  "  o  <  S  -  J 

<  PQ  cs  sac  c—  c  -a  ;j  C5 


sa 


►^o 


c 
p 
< 
Ih— 


...    !h 


ti;  a> 

< 


o  a 


^1 


3ii 


■=5SS 


Sfo 

O  CO 

3 
o 

Her- 
bert, 
Pow- 

er, 

born 

1860 

W    P  CC  ^  rH 


^11  11 


.5 


-I  '^  I-l 


-5     ^  C3  t'  -Tj  '^ 

S  "    O  OC  -S  00 
M  fS  -=  .-^  T:  r-l 


-!.        lie" 
fa.  -C  S  „°    O  CO 


.fe   >   O  O  ,---H 

I 5g||g 


is 


>       -3 


&:  2 


6 

a 
O 


:i  -9 


3  E 


198 


PAEISH  OF  BODMiy. 


CR0SS3IAN  OF  LANCARFE. 

A  pedigree  of  the  family  of  Crossmau  of  Cross,*  a  manor  in  Morwenstow,  is  registered  in  the 
Heralds'  Visitation  of  1620.  It  commences  with  John  Grossman  of  Cross,  who  was  living  in  24th 
Henry  VII.  It  is  not  improbable  that  it  is  the  same  family,  members  of  which  are  described  as 
"  atte  Cross  "  in  the  reign  of  Edw.  I.,  before  hereditary  surnames  were  fiilly  settled.  We  have, 
however,  no  evidence  to  connect  the  Crossmans  of  Lancarfe  with  the  family  at  Cross,  altliough  it 
is  probable  that  they  were  of  the  same  stock,  especially  as  both  matched  with  the  Trevanions  of 
Carhayes. 

Our  earliest  notice  of  the  family  of  Crossman  in  connection  with  Bodmin  is  the  30th  of  Queen 
Ehzabeth,  in  which  yeai-  we  find  Richard  Crossman  of  Bodmin,  Gent.,  Lord  of  the  Manor  of 
Lancarfe,  which  Thomas  Crossman,  his  grandson,  in  1653,  sold  to  Thomas  Bullock.  After  the 
sale  of  Lancarfe  the  family  would  appear  to  have  settled  at  Bodmin.  Humphrey  Crossman  of 
Bodmin,  in  1682,  married  Jane  Lavers,  and  died  in  1704,  leaving  a  son,  Robert.  We  are 
unable  to  prove  the  descent  of  this  Humplu'ey  fi'om  the  Crossmans  of  Lancarfe  ;  but,  inasmuch  as 
he  would  probably  have  been  born  during  the  period  of  the  rebellion,  we  are  not  surprised  that  no 
record  of  his  baptism  is  found  in  the  parish  registers.  It  is  not  improbable  tliat  he  was  the  son  of 
Thomas  Crossman  of  Lancarfe,  who  in  1649  married  Susan,  daughter  of  Hugh  Trevanion  of 
Gerrans 

CROSSMAN  or  LANCARFE. 


Richard  Crossman,  o£  Lancarfe,  gent.  bur.  26  May,  1626.^Jone,  dan.  of Kestcll,  mra'.  1574,  bur.  1603. 


I    I    I    I    I 1 

Elizabeth,  bapt.  1576.  bur.       John      - 

1600.  Cross- 

Jone,  bapt.  1578,  bnr.  1581.      man,  2 
Agnes,bapt.l5S0,  bur.  1581.       son  ; 
Frances,  bapt.  1584.  bapt. 

Walter,  bapt.  1588,  buried       1589, 

1596.  bnr.  Ap. 

.5,  16.S2. 


1 

Kicha-, 
bap.  1587, 
m.  Reig- 
nold 
Rogers, 
of  Lank, 
1604. 


Richard 
Cross- 
man,  son 
and  heir; 
bap.  1685, 
bur.  26th 
Jnlv, 
1643,  s.  p. 


Thomas  ^Embh-n,  sister  of  Thomas 


Cross- 
man,  3rd 
son,  bapt. 
1599,  bnr. 
1666. 


Mnndave  and  dan.  of  John 
Mnndayeof  Rialton,  grand- 
daughter of  John  Mnndave, 
brother  of  the  last  prior  of 
Bodmin.  Marriage  settle- 
ment dated  21  Sept.  1621; 
mar.  20  Nov.  1 62 1 ,  bur.  1634. 


Richard, 

bapt. 

1609, 

buried 

1610. 


I 
Richard,  - 
bapt. 
1613. 


^Blanche 
Hendy, 
married 
1635. 


Richard.  Thomas  Crossman,  =j^Susan,  dan.  of  Hugh 
bap.  1622,  son   and  heir,  bapt.  |  Trevanion   of  Ger- 
bur.  1623.  1623.    Sold  Lancarfe  |  rans.   Marriage  set- 
Richard,  to  Thomas  Bullock  in  j  tlement  dated  29th 
bap.1626.  1653. 


Nov.  1649. 


— I — I 

John, 

bapt. 

1624. 
■W.ilter. 

1627. 


Eli- 
za- 
beth, 
bapt. 
1591. 


Benja- 
min, 
bapt. 
1629, 
b.  1640. 


Wil-  George, 

liam,  1634, 

bapt.  bnried 

1632.  1634. 


Humphrey  Crossman,  died  1703.    AdministrationT=Jane,  dan.  of LaTers,mar.  1682;  died  1713.   Will  dated  11 

granted  to  widow  in  Archd.  of  Cornwall  1704.      |  Dec.  1713;  proved  in  Archd.  of  Comw.  11  Jan.  1713. 


Robert  CrossmaB.        Cecilia,  mar.  John  Wilkius. 


.,  mar Webber. 


.mar.  John  Lavers. 


Elizabeth. 


Joan. 


Elizabeth. 


William. 


*  Arms  of  Crossman  of  Cross :  Sable,  a  chevron  or  between  three  goat's  heads  erased  argent ;  but  we  do  not  know  that 
the  Crossmans  of  Lancarfe  used  these  or  anv  other  arms. 


199 


BULLOCK  OF  LANCARFE. 

This  family  was  settled  in  tlie  jmrisli  of  Lanliydroek  on  the  accession  of  Queen  Elizabeth, 
where  Thomas  Bullock  was  baptized  in  1563  and  Richard  Bullock  in  1568.  Thomas  Bullock  of 
Lanhydrock,  great-grandson  of  the  above  Thomas,  purchased  the  manor  of  Lancarfe  in  1656,  and, 
dying  s.  p.,  the  estate  passed  to  his  brother  Richard  Bullock,  who  in  1685,  in  conjunction  with  his 
son  and  heir,  Thomas  Bullock,  alienated  the  same  to  John  Mounsteven.  After  this  Thomas  Bullock 
and  his  brother  Robert  removed  to  Bodmin,  where  they  lived  in  some  credit  for  several  years. 
The  latter  died  in  1732,  leaving  surviving  issue  one  son  Richard  and  three  daughters,  Elizabeth 
wife  of  William  Browne,  Dorothy  wife  of  John  Bennett,  and  Mary  wife  of  Warne  Fry 
Richard  died  without  issue  in  1742,  when  his  three  sisters  became  his  coheirs. 

BULLOCK  OF  LANCARFE. 

Bullock  of  Lanhydrock^ 


Thoinas  Bullock,  bapt.  15C3  ;  *  of  = 
Lanhydrock. 


Richard  Bullock,  bapt. 
1568.* 


Constance,  dau.  of  =pJohn  Bullock  of  Lanhydi'ock,=pMary,  dau.  of  Tour, 

bur.  1622.*  bur.  1622.*  mar.  15'J4. 


Constance,  mar.  Charles 
Mitchell  1641.* 


Thomas  Bullock  of  Lanhydrock, 
bur.  1642.* 


bapt. 


1601,*^Elizabeth,  dau.  of 
bur.  1640. 


7 


1                      i          •  J 

Thomas  Bullock,   bapt.  .John   Bullock,   heir   of  Richard   Bullock,  bapt.- 

1632;  purchased  Manor  his  brother;  bapt.  1034;  1636;    heir  of  his  bro- 

of   Lanrarfe   1653;   ob.  bur.    23     Noy.    1658;  {  ther ;       sold     Lancarfe 

8.  p.  1656.*  M.  I.  ob.  s.  p.  1685  ;  bur.  1717.J: 


^Dorothy,  dau.  of  John  Martiu  Elizalieth, 

of    London;    mar.    settlement  bapt.  1637,* 

dated  17  June,  1659  ;  mar.  H>  bur.  1640,* 
June,  165il;t  bur.  1694.  J 


Thomas  Bullock, sonand  heir, bapt. ^Jane,  dau.  of 


1660;J  joined  bis  father  in  the  sale 
of  Lancarfe  to  John  Mounsteven 
in  1685. 


...Parsons, 
mar.  1683,; 
bur.  1727.t 


Eliza- 
beth, 
bapt. 


Joseph, 
bai)t. 
1672.  J 


John, 
bapt. 
1661.3 


-] 


Chris-  T=Robert    Bullock   of   Bodmin, 


tiau, 

buried 

1716. 


John,    Eliza- 
bapt.     beth, 
1684.}  bapt. 


1685, J    l<;s6,t 
bur.        bur. 
1693.t   1717.t 


+ -r- 

I  I  I  I 

Ri-  Jane,  Robert,  Mary, 
chard,  baj)!.  ba]it.  l)apt. 
l)apt.       1688. +    1689.^     1693.^ 


i 


b.apt.  1665,:  I'ur.  1732.  Will 
proved  in  Archdeaconry  Coui't 
of  Cornwall  26  May,  1733. 


I     I 


I 


Mar-  Doro-  Joseph,  bpt.  Elizabeth,  Richard,  bapt. 

ten,  thy,  1699,t  bur.  married  1703,Jbd.7Mar. 

bapt.  bapt.  1723,ts.p.  William  1741-2.  J     Will 

1094,J  1696,:  John,  bapt.  Browne  of  proved  in  Arch, 

bur.  bur.  1697,  Job.  Bodmin  Court  of  Cornw. 

1696.J  1717.:  s.  p.  1713.*  1742,  s.  p. 


m 

^     I    I 

Dorothy,    bapt. 
1705,1  mar.  John 
Bennett. 

Mary,  bpt.  1705,t 
mar.  Warne  Fry 
of  Bodmin  1727.: 


At  Lanhydrock. 


t  At  St.  Mabyn. 


if  At  Bodmin. 


200 


PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 


!2; 

> 

;^ 
o 

O 

P^ 

I— I 

p 

pq 

Ph 


p. 

-*. 

£  CO 


Si:;     o 


u 


Ih — ■ 

g       - 


S 


o   " 

.  o 


■S  3 


l-l 


^  o 

<^  en 


0^  5 
>  fa  ci 

3     b-^   CO 

o  c^  .S 
i-scc-a 


<  =;= 


i  3  a 


Ih— 


rs  '»>S  p-o  t-  o 

I    O   «  J3   Sao   O  CO 


I    O  «  3   Sao   O  c 
1-5 -o  <i .::  ,-H  j:  r 


H^" 


.S    :K 


S^ 


g    i  -3  —  10  c 

II- ^ 


a  -w  era 


11-- 


g  5  5.^1 

^   si  i~ 


=  ^- 


to  g 


r^    P 


o  -a  ^  ~ 


"    -.  ^  CO 
-.2  -t:  C-.  -J 

F-t  J  .—*  .— ( 


5      Ph    ^* 

c  ^  tl  i^ 

•-5    X  —  -^ 


art  o       ■- 1^  » 

J-  0^  +j  -t<    o  (■— 

"So'*  — 'to  it:  ■-"  *"? 

g  ^  B  g  w  3  -■  a 

^  »      -1- 

o)  i,  a      ^^ 

§  §  »  S-£i 

-_  >M  pi  C3  t— 


-  o  -2       Z 

5  =  S  y  S  .:  fe 


Ih- 


S  o 


•^  B  p't  S 


^  s^ J;; 


.2  o.Sa  g  2  5 

S  J-H  pHiC 


C5  t-    P  I:- 


♦^  —    ,  ■  — 

cTi'-  P  i- 


O 


p  p..:: 

1-5  ^  ^   . 


O  Sod  I 


i-^ 


3coS 


-S  3  sj  S  p 

«i  cj  P   ca   K 
O'X  P 


Tr,& 


►^::h 


I  p-t- 

1   J=   -H 


("2  -^  « 

p  p.^ 
d   d  w 

H^  .P  ^- 


■^ss 


ij;^s«l^ 


"IijSIs 

d>-i 

^ 

Mary 
King 
bapt. 
1779. 

9   d  J5   P  CO 

hH  -3 '';  -p  pH 


9~^T. 


d  j_co 


^   d   i  i^ T    . 

—     .   p  ^  -r-  uo 

d   :-   >    C    P  -p 


'^    d 

5  -;j= 


c;  -p  a. 


■  ;h*  :i 


=  pi    PX  00 

P-P  ^:3.o 

-  Sp;22 


p  — 


■B  i  i=  p  '^-p 

-^  r^  . -  Vt:  "^  ci  CO  .P 

JUriiwOffl    >-H-P 


7^    d    d"  .'"         s- 

p  P    -C  >>2i 


^IfS^al 


«2; 


9  P--P 

.0  .S    ^  CO 

■^  f^  —  — ( 


1:  Cl=  = 


'    ClhI>.   ^-  CO 


—  -^  30 

-   ™o 


J3   2  -^  =     ■  '^ 


"„  >  .P  ^    O    ^^'Zi'% 


Ih- 


;c3^«o.p 


-.  ^    X  -P  .-^   ^ 


d   o 

4-  3 

o  o 
c 


P   o   P  ^ 

1  =  -^ 


o2 


— ■  p 
00 


d   ^  ci 
P    C  CO 


^  d  ^'  1.2 

-  d   tH  -5   «   d 


:  a;  p 


c;  •■2  ^  ^  oc  ,,.5 
•r  a  -.  CO  5  CO 

•p  H    ■.&-  ^  o 

S  :  5"  p  .=  H"^ 

sS.ppa-;!jS 


b-  =  .•  ^  5  : 


2 .-  .  s  P.; 

~  d  =  .i:  "V- 
■  p  .-p  ^  3  "S  c 


p    p ..  =*  -' 

d       ..   Tr,      .  —  .« 
y-    tu    P    i,  --    i* 


■S  ^«   .  p: 


ai     vJ  jT  .CO 


Ih- 
LcT  . 


P'S 


.  S 


r^  p  »-  ^  o  a 

■t,   d  3  CO  bfi  o 


:^       ^^1^.. 


-^K  p<5  -- 


s 


o 

H 


CO 


4' 

i 


201 

PENNINGTON. 

Tlie  Pciiningtons  of  Cornwall  were  eminent  and  successful  bellfounders.  We  find  them 
residing  at  Bodmin  as  early  as  the  reign  of  Queen  Elizabeth.  Robert  Penynton  of  Bodmin  had 
two  .sons,  John  baptized  in  1595,  and  Bernard  ten  years  later.  John  married  at  Bodmin  and 
had  seyen  sons  baptized  there,  one  of  whom  was  probably  the  progenitor  of  the  Penningtons  of 
Lezant  and  Stoke  Cljmsland,  who  carried  on  the  business  of  bellfounders  nominally  at  that  place, 
but,  itinerating  thence,  they  cast  most  of  their  bells  near  the  churches  to  which  the  bells  belonged. 
Between  1702  and  1818,  these  popular  founders  cast  nearly  500  bells  in  the  county  of  Deyon, 
and,  it  is  belieyed,  as  many  in  Cornwall.  "  FitzAnthony  Pennington  of  Lezant,  while  crossing 
Antony  ferry  with  a  bell  in  a  boat,  intended  to  be  set  up  at  Landulph,  was  drowned  April  30th 
1768.  He  is  buried  in  the  Tower  of  Landulph,  and  on  a  mural  tablet,  besides  his  name  and  age, 
may  be  read  the  following  epitaph  : 

The'  boisterous  winds  and  billows  sore 
Hath  tossed  me  to  and  fro, 

By  God's  decree,  in  spite  of  both, 
I  rest  now  here  below." 

Almost  contemporaneous  with  the  earliest  of  the  Bodmin  Penningtons,  we  find  bellfounders 
of  the  same  name,  and  most  likely  of  the  same  family,  actively  engaged  in  business  at  Exeter. 
Thomas  Pennington  of  Exeter  cast  a  bell  at  Eggesford  in  1(318,  from  which  date  there  is  scarcely 
a  year  for  a  very  long  period  in  which  his  mark  is  not  found  on  the  church  bells  of  Devon.  John 
Pennington  of  Exeter  also  began  to  cast  bells  in  1635,  and  continued  to  do  so  diu-ing  the 
remainder  of  the  century.* 

Bernard  Pennington  of  Bodmin,  second  son  of  Robert  Penynton  first  above  mentioned,  was 
also  a  bellfounder,  and  so  describes  himself  in  his  will,  proved  in  1074,  in  which  he  bequeaths 
(after  the  death  of  his  wife)  to  his  son  Christopher  his  "  woorkehouse  "  and  all  his  moulds  and 
tools  belonging  to  the  same.  This  Christopher  is  also  described  as  a  bellfounder  in  the  grant  of 
administration  of  the  eifects  of  his  wife,  who  died  in  1696. 

The  Penningtons  of  Bodmin  soon  after  this  would  seem  to  have  relinquished  the  business 
of  bellfounders.  William  Pennington,  son  of  the  last-mentioned  Christopher,  entered  holy  orders 
and  became  Vicar  of  Davidstow.  His  son  William  Pennington  purchased  the  site  of  the  Priory 
in  1788,  having  rebuilt  the  house  some  twenty  years  previously  under  a  lease.  His  grand- 
daughter and  heir,  a  lady  of  great  accomplishments,  married  Walter  Raleigh  Gilbert,  Esq., 
descended  from  the  Gilberts  of  Compton  Castle,  co.  Devon,  who  dying  without  surviving  issue  the 
Priory  passed  to  his  brother,  the  Jiov.  Edmund  Gilbert,  by  whose  grandson,  Lieut.-Colonel 
Walter  Raleigh  Gilbert,  it  is  at  present  possessed. 

Arm$  of  Pennington :  Or,  five  lozenges  in  fess  azure.  No  pedigree  of  Pennington  is 
recorded  in  the  Heralds'  Visitation  of  Cornwall  of  1620,  and  the  earliest  evidence  we  have  of  the 
use  of  the  arms  is  a  beautifully  engraved  seal  attached  to  the  will  of  Bernard  Pennington  of 
1674,  to  which  reference  is  above  made. 

•  The  Chunh  Bells  of  Devon,  by  the  Uev.  II.  T.  Ellacombc. 
3    F 


202 


«^2 


I— I 

< 

o 

O 
I— I 


P 

m 
pm 


1— Sisilml 


I-:  ^  r-.  c    :  i>  B 


;-3  o 


IK 


Ih- 

^     c  8 

O      °  -   ■ 

O   S   o  c3   aj 


OS  Ja.   C,  13  »2  t- 

1-5  |>   p.  oj  rrt  -^ 


r" 
-+- 


t^   ei  a>  » 

H  .S  ^  bD 

-  ^   ^   ed  ^ 

c   5-  N  ^ 

-^  S  p,  s 


XatD 
O  j:  ^ 


ih: 


--f 


"S  «  M  "^ 

^-   O  00 

-^    CI.       ^ 
t-    t3    tH  -^  » 

S  ■"  °    .1; 


II 


--f 


(S3    ■  S  b  :- 


:  «  «  ;^ 


IV- 


C  as  = 


e  -  t:  ^ 


11-- 


.a  c  a-s-. 


o 

C    c3  CD  h-j  -^    2  — 


s 


S«3 


=        c  in  -c  2^ 

.2  "^  =c  ^-1:;  -X- 

-  »,  -t^  ^   •*    -co 
o   s    -*    c  l^   >^ 

S     53    ^    t  -^  -^     O 

1-5  fi(  i;  i  t-^  ^  1^ 


a  " 


.55-    -^K    . 


•50        c  -c  ~  *. 


-^-^ 


3  = 
4  3 1  £  i.-r- 


5    :  -"'-.S  = 

03  "4-1  pi 


r^  2  "^  *" 


.5  "^  *#-  "^  5  o 


Pi 

c^ 

fj 

OJ 

T 

s. 

c 

QJ 

.K 

C= 

c 

<t 


;0 


o . 


1- «JJ2 


CJ     &X1   rH 


■Si    H 


<5  J    :  SPiS 


l-J-= 


oi  a  t.  £  :S  w  t- 


o  n  ^  •-  >  .- 


ds  o  L 

^        ^  ■  -   c 

:».i:  ^  -S  ^  Z 


\V^- 


Ss 


.0         ..a 

c  a    :  S"  s  c  "^ 
Ih 


CO 


rh 

t>-  t—  t-- 

0 

it  r^ 

0 

p. 

s 

X 

« 

« 

-* 

» 

« 

C 

-d 

r^ 

CI 
nr 

0 

'1 1 

i^ 

(~. 

4* 

0 

-+■ 

1— 1 

is 

2 

•A 

t^ 

^ 

:s 

>^ 

* 

^ 

^ 

0 

1- 

Z3- 


■^  d  '^  5 

1;  o  ..^  i;  V:  S 

^  S  I-  ;a      •  -2  .^ 

y'     ""-     M  ■=  £ 


I * 


=  r  t:   •  = 

t.  c->  "  S  -e  -5 
i:  •  t»-  -  o  =  s; 
-5  'S  "  —  "  '^  - 


w 

!-• 

. 

<— ; 

Z- 

?", 

- 

h- 1 

-= 

£X 

Jl 

■1^ 

s 

tl^ 

i 

-§ 

e3 

£ 

3 

^ 

0 

C    OS      - 

=  1:^5: 


(Jl    X  —  f^  -^  — '  r 


«  i  §  C.ec 


_  P3  S-t-  M 


_  S  p. 

62 


cot 

—  *^    C    OS         _■ 

£  ti  s->—  '>>  ~- 

--  a  OS  ^  oc  -»* 
o  .b  ^  ^  t-  I- 
K5    CK*P3-- 


203 


^ 

>,■§. 

V 

Sw 

ij 

^•1 

X 

re 

? 

*^ 

ci; 

V 

* 

s 

;S 

w 

u    " 

,_ 

-! 

— < 

■tea. 

- 

>-* 

(S3 

rf 

6 

,u 

z 

ci     .,  5S 

X     «     Oi  C-l 

tr.2  =  2 

1 1  'I  I  " 


— O      S      S 


O    >^  «  T 

g       g       P       S    M  . 

^  I  S  -5  ■  o  2 


rzi  t,      <^  —^  y-  ^ 
•3  S  5  13  §  oi  5 


ja^-  s■ 
;3sPHO■ 


II— 


■'S  » 

^     CO       tC    Q 


>-l 


2  o 


.—  OC     '^•-H 


Hl;£.S"S 


h-l 


H 


oT 

^   X 

^ 

;= 

3 

.2 

i^'S 

n 

.. 

!S 

h- 

■*j 

p^^. 

— 

'.^ 

tl 

c5  Jw 

if 

_e! 

P 

* 

* 

a 

^j  .-; 

^ 

&->) 

•-5 

Xi  — t 

t4 

« 

« 

■fci'  Cl 

Oi 

JJ 

O-fM 

u 

W 

ol  r^ 

r- 

QS^- 

H= 

■E.S*. 

3-sg 

i-  I— (  ■ 
^       -     .    S3 

*^     4     X 

*-  -  5  - 


^5 


—I    S^ 


_r*   .1  bo 

^  c^'  bD  5 


,-    si  ^   c;  CO 


o 


C   I- 


0    r'«^    ^    'l^    C 

in  £  S  .2  <3  ^ 


C>>  p-  »-■  §■  _ 


ih- 


5  >^^ 

K    O    C 

P  o 


-—.3  2  I  « 


5  s  =s 

o   "  'C 
-2    ."  3i 


'OB 


*2  X  3D 


46^ 


-3-S  2:=:  c; 


S   b    ■'  i^  ^" 
O        >-,  c  ?H 
o     -  P  O     • 


SCO 


=Lydia 
Ann 
Jane, 
dau.  0 
Georg 
Cash. 

s-i-i 

nd  Kerr= 

Major 
e    Staff 

of  the 
n  Army ; 
1854. 

ine,  Edmi, 
eut.   Otho, 
3rd  in    th 
Jra-  Corps 
India 
mar. 

SS2 

■3  g 


Ih- 


*+■<      .  +3 

■^  (^  K  K  •:=  r-l 


_  g  T]  *r.a  g 

«  a  o.sfg 

c.^M  „  -  S  5^ 

03     .  o  £  —  o       .r^ 

— .S  oi  c  o  d  ^  ;::  ^ 

&:<  E  P5  Z  S  'o  ' ji  ^ 


•/, 


■5g 


^4   oi   ci  5   OJ 
_—  a  CIO  P,^K  iM 


Z.  ^  CO 

ci   ^« 
k^   ci  f- 

<5  .a  — 


-5  S  §■?= 


•a  oco 


^,  .i:  ^  »-H  ■—  S'.i*^ 
Ih 


OTsJ  -a   ci 

=  ,--'  ^-^ 


a  ;-' 

^  ... 

=  -  £■*. 

o  -c  «  .< 


.2     .:r  tj  c 

;7  i-H  ^  •--  '^  j=  c3  5 


c  bs;5«  I 


_;    X 

i.s 


c'"^^  a 


io^a|1^ 

O  —  'O  W*    o    p 


O  o 

Ih 

^^^      "!§ 

_s  £  a  o:!:>g 

o  2  o  .S;  cc  ;=, 

C2  a    •  o 
.2  «  U      =■ 


'S.^'^ 


la 


-1^ 


_7^    O  CO 


"s 


J^  a 


a  E'.-5 

So  » 


.a  to 

tt  3 

1<1 


< 


•a 

I- 


13 
O 

pq 


204 


DEMOXFRYART. 

Tliis  family  was  resident  at  Bodmin  for  about  a  century  as  leading  inhabitants  of  the 
borough.  The  first  of  the  name  who  settled  here  was  Vincent  Demonfrj-art,  a  physician,  who 
had  several  children  baptized  between  1628  and  1647  ;  but  John,  who  would  seem  to  have  been 
the  eldest,  being  first  named  in  his  father's  will  with  a  bequest  of  twelve  pence,  was  probably 
born  before  his  father  established  himself  at  Bodmin.  George  Demoufryart,  son  of  John,  also  a 
physician",  was  baptized  in  1652.  He  was  five  times  Mayor,  and  died  in  his  year  of  office  in 
1717.  He  had  a  large  family,  but  many  of  his  children  died  in  infancy.  Of  what  became 
of  the  sur\-ivors  we  are  ignorant,  but  the  name  is  not  traced  as  occurring  in  the  registers,  or  other 
documents  connected  with  the  town,  later  than  1722,  in  which  year  Ann,  widow  of  the  said 
Dr.  George  Demonfryart,  was  buried. 

Arms  : between  two  flanges  ....  three  wheat  ears.     These  arms  occur  on  many 

seals  to  documents  among  the  municipal  records,  but  we  have  no  other  authority  for  them. 

PEDIGKEE  OF  DEMONFKYART. 


Joan, ^Vincent  Demonfrvart,-pCha- 


dan. 
of 

first 
wife. 


John    De-=pMa- 
monfry- 
art,named 
in  his  fa- 
ther's will. 


dau. 
of 


John, 
bapt. 
1649.* 


of  Bodmin,  physician. 
Will  proved  in  the 
Archdeaconry  Covrrt  of 
Cornwall,  2Sth  Janu- 
ary, 1677. 


rity, 
dan. 

2nd  ' 
wife. 


I 


-H — 
Mar- 
garet, 
bapt. 
1628.* 


1 

Nicholas, 

bapt. 

1630,* 

buried 

1681*. 


A^incent, 

bapt. 

1632,* 

buried 

1652.* 


—I  I 

Alice,      Wil. 

bapt.        liam, 

1638.*      bapt. 

1647.* 


I 


George  Demonfryart,  of 
Bodmin,  physician,  bapt. 
1652.*  Mavor  of  Bodmin 
1691, 1694,"l70O,  1712,  and 
1716:  died  in  his  year  of 
office,  1717. 


=Ann,  dau. 

of   

Mowat,  m. 
at  St.  Min- 
ver  1675, 
bur.  1722.* 


I — i — I — 1 — i— n — r 

I    I    I    1    I   !    I    I 
Henry,  bapt.  1676,*  bur.  1676.* 
John,  iiapt.  1678,*  bur. 
Howard,  bapt.  1681,*  bur.  1681.* 
Ann,  bapt.  1684,*  bur.  1689.* 
Edward,  bapt.  1691,*  bur.  1713.* 
Johanna,  bapt.  1697.*  bur.  1697.* 
George,  bapt.  1700,*  bur.  1701.* 


I 
Matthias, 
bap.  1703.* 
bur.  1720.* 


— r-i 

I    I 
A  incen(,bap. 

1680.* 
Nicholas, 
bapt.  1683.* 


Marr,  bapt. 
1687',*  mar. 
Henry  Dagge 
1714.* 


I 

Wil- 
liam, 
bapt. 
1689." 


1 — 

I 
Elizabeth, 
bap.  1692,*  m. 
Aaron    Saun- 
ders 1721.* 


Ann, 
bapt. 
1695.* 


Johan- 
na, 
bapt. 
1699* 


*  At  Bodmin. 


205 

THOMAS  OF  LELANT,  CUEY,  AND  TREMAYNE  IN  ST.  MARTIN'S  IN  MENEAGE. 

Tliis  family  claims  descent  from  Sir  William  ap  Thomas,  a  gentleman  of  Wales,  whose  coat 
armour  was  allowed  to  William  Thomas  of  Cury  at  the  Heralds'  Visitation  of  1()20.  They 
would  seem  to  have  settled  in  Lelant  about  the  end  of  the  fourteenth  century,  in  consequence  of 
the  marriage  of  Richard  Thomas,  a  Welsh  merchant  trading  between  Wales  and  Cornwall,  with 
the  daughter  and  heir  of  John  Hickes  of  Lelant.  John  Thomas,  great-grandson  of  Richard, 
married  the  daughter  and  heir  of  ... .  Rosmell  of  Bodmin  ;  and  the  grandson  of  the  said  Jolm, 
William  Thomas  of  Cury,  above-mentioned,  who  registered  his  pedigree  at  the  Visitation,  was 
twice  married.  By  his  first  wife,  the  daughter  and  coheir  of  Nicholas  Penticost,  of  Retalliek,  in 
Constantine,  lie  had  one  son,  John,  who  settled  at  Tremapie.  His  son  and  heir  William  Thomas, 
barristor-at-law,  married  Cecilia,  widow  of  John  Treise  of  Lavethan,  where  he  seated  himself, 
and  on  his  death  in  1GG9  was  buried  in  Blisland  church.*  Three  children  were  the  issue  of  this 
marriage, t  but  one  only,  William,  the  youngest,  would  seem  to  have  survived  his  father.*  He 
also  was  a  member  of  the  Inner  Temple.  He  left  apparently  two  children,  John  who  succeeded 
him  at  Tremayne,  and  Jane,  who  became  the  wife  of  Thomas  Allen  of  Boskenwyn  and  Bosavern, 
in  St.  Just.  We  have,  however,  no  direct  e-\'idence  of  the  parentage  of  John.  To  the  articles 
before  marriage  of  Jane  Thomas,  dated  9th  February,  1709,  now  in  tlie  possession  of  her  great- 
great-granddaughter,  Mrs.  William  Bolitho  of  Polwithen,:j:  John  Thomas  of  Tremayne,  gent, 
whom  we  conclude  to  be  the  brother  of  Jane,  is  one  of  the  parties,  and  is  appointed  one  of  the 
trustees.  Of  this  gentleman  we  have  at  jjresent  no  further  trace  except  that  the  late  Edward 
Thomas  of  Helston  and  Calling-ton  claimed  to  be  descended  from  him  through  Edward  Thomas 
of  Lelant,  who  died  in  1790.  From  the  said  marriage  of  Jane  Thomas,  or  Thoms,  as  the  name 
was  frequently  written,  are  descended  the  family  of  Hichens  of  St.  Ives,  and  Cecilia,  only  sur- 
viving issue,  of  the  late  Rev.  Jolm  Allen,  clerk,  and  widow  of  the  late  Rev.  William  Hodgson, 
clerk,  now  of  Cheltenham. 

William  Thomas  of  Cury  took  to  his  second  wife  Mary,  daughter  of  John  Pendarves,  and 
had  four  sons  and  six  daughters.  William,  the  eldest,  married  Joan  daughter  of  Alexander 
Cara  of  Constantine,  and  settled  in  that  parish,  where  his  son  Emanuel  was  baptized  in  1 636-7. § 
The  latter  afterwards,  probably  on  account  of  his  cousin  William  Thomas  being  resident  at 
Lavethan,  removed  to  Bodmin,  whence,  in  February  1658-9, |!  he  entered  at  the  Inner  Temple  as 
Emanuell  Thomas  of  Bodmyn,  gent.  On  3rd  August,  1657,  he  had  a  certificate  that  his  intention 
to  intermarry  with  one  Mary  Larken  had  been  published  three  times  in  Newgate  Market,  and 
that  they  had  licence  to  marry  when  they  pleased.lf  AVe  have  not  succeeded  in  tracing  this 
marriage,  but  we  find  in  the  Parish  Registers  of  Bodmin  under  the  date  of  1664  a  record  of  the 
burial  of  "Ann,  the  wife  of  Mr.  Emanuel  Thomas."  Emanuel  Thomas  is  a  ])arty  to  many  deeds, 
fines,  and  recoveries,  &c.  with  William  Thomas  of  Lavethan  and  Cecilia  his  wife  relative  to  the 
Treise,  afterward  Morsliead,  lands  in  Blisland  and  the  neighbourhood. 

*    lirff  Hist,  of  Blisland,  p.  59.  f  Ih'ul.  p.  ;i9.  %  Mrs.  Bolitlio  has  a  portrait  of  lier  ancestress. 

§  Parish  Keg.  ||  Admissions,  Inner  Temple.  ^  St.  Bride's  Parish  Keg. 

3  G 


.S~lS2SlS2yiSU 


■-  5^  ~  -  .2 


^     :^     w^  ;j    -u;     IS     C     X  ,  ■     ,^  02 


;a  ^  ^  U     S 


•<5^ 


O 

w 

H 
O 

I— I 

P 


•  s  * 
if-— ^ 


^=: 

11 

^1 

(5^ 

.*    § 

«  -^  •• 

IH— 


-n       Ih— , 


2  -^"^ 


i^-l-l 


"^1 


1-S 
e  I; 


Ih n 


Ih 


1 ; 


sl^ 


^   ^   oa 


a  o 
E  " 

^    it 


=   C 


—  ■•   .  5>.- 


_S  -^  -3  ^  'I : 


:U        cTti 


Ih- 


=  111: 


§  y  •  —  • 


s  5 


a   -  M  g 


o  2  r-' 


>   u 
53   O 

1^  =. 


is  -  C-. 


^  5  g 


I  r.  -J 


IH 


o  — r 

E-s 


•^1 

J3    C 


I -11-^ 


a-3 


o  s 


r'  S 


o  — 


,.  a 


•L 


207 


VIVIAN  OF  BODMIN. 

The  name  of  Vivian  is  of  great  antiiiuity  in  Cornwall,  and  is  found  dispersed  throughout  the 
(;(Hinty  in  all  ranks  of  life.  This  patronymic  has  been  fancifully  traced  to  a  certain  Vivianus  a 
Roman  General.  A  branch  of  the  fiimily  of  Vivian  (now  written  Vyvyan)  has  been  seated  from 
about  the  time  of  Henry  VII.  at  Trelowan-en,  and  is  now  represented  by  Sir  Richard  Rawlinsou 
Vyvyan,  Bart.,  whose  father  Sir  Vyel  Vyvyan  claimed  to  be  the  legal  representative  of  Prior 
Vivian,  of  whose  family  we  arc  now  treating.* 

The  pedigree  of  the  family  of  Vivian  of  Bodmin,  recorded  at  the  Heralds'  Visitation  in 
1620,  commences  with  the  prior  and  his  brother  John  Vivian  of  Bodmin.  Unfortunately  tlie 
name  of  their  father  was  not  stated.  Mr.  Vy\-yan  Jago  has  conjecturedf  that  this  person  was 
Robert  Vivian,  a  second  son  of  Richard  Vivian  of  Trelowarren  by  Florence  daugliter  and  coheir 
of  Richard  Arundell  of  Trerise ;  and  upon  this  conjecture  Lysons  and  others  have  rehed  in  the 
sup])osititious  accounts  given  of  this  family.  Mr.  Jago,  however,  adduces  no  proof  wdiatever  for 
his  theorj-,  which  is  inconsistent  with  established  facts. 

Thomas  Vivian,  prior  of  Bodmin,  had  a  confirmation  of  his  arms  in  10  Hen.  VIII.J  which 
arms  differ,  very  widely,  fi-om  those  of  the  Vyvyans  of  Trelowarren.  §  It  is  probable  there  was 
some  connection  between  the  Vivians  of  Bodmin  and  ^\'illiam  Vyvj'an  of  Trehunsey  in  Quethiock, 
one  of  the  parties  to  the  conveyance  of  the  site  of  the  Friary  to  the  mayor  and  burgesses  of 
Bodmin.  II  We  have,  however,  failed  to  obtain  any  information  which  would  enable  us  to 
establish  this  connection ;  and,  indeed,  as  to  the  descent  of  the  Vivians  of  Bodmin  we  have  not 
been  more  successful.  The  prior's  brother  John  had  two  sons:  Edward  the  younger  died  without 
issue  male  ;  and  of  the  descendants,  if  any,  of  his  brother  John  we  ha^•e  no  record. 

There  seems  to  have  been  a  close  connection  between  the  Vivians  of  Bodmin  and  a  family  of 
Vivian  of  St.  Columb,  of  which  John  Vivian  of  that  place  recorded  a  pedigree  at  the  Heralds' 
Visitation  of  1620,  extending  back  to  his  grandfather  John  Vivian,  who  married  Olive  daughter 

and  heir  of Tresaster,  and  was  the  father  of  Thomas,  who,  by  Ann  daughter  and  heir  of 

Peter  Lower  of  Truro,  was  the  father  of  the  said  John,  who  married  Margaret  daughter  and 
heir  of  William  Cavel  of  St.  Kew.  No  arms  were  recorded  for  this  family  at  the  Visitation,  but 
in  1637  the  said  John  Vivian  received  a  grant  based  upon  the  arms  confirmed  to  the  prior  of 
Bodmin,  the  only  difference  being  that  the  annulets  upon  the  chevrt)n  and  the  martlets  upon  the 
chief  were  omitted,  f  At  the  same  time  he  was  allowed  to  quarter  the  arms  of  his  grandmother 
(Tresaster)  and  those  of  his  wife.  The  most  singular  fact,  however,  is  that  these  quarteriiigs  are, 
upon  the  Visitation  record,  allowed  to  the  Vivians  of  Bodmin,  even  including  the  arms  of  Cavell, 
the  wife  of  John  Vivian  of  St.  Columb,  who  was  then  living.     This  is  manifestly  incorrect. 

•  See  Account  of  Prior  Vivian's  Tomlj,  No.  1.  t  Lysons  Corr.  AiUU.  MS.  9418.  95. 

X  Grants,  Heralds'  College.  §  The  arms  of  Vyvvan  of  Trelowarren  are:  Ar.  a  lion  ramp.  gu.  armed  sa. 

II  Ante  sub  Grey  Friars.  ^  Grants.  Heralds'  College,  1637. 


208 


PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 


Mr.  Vyn'an  Jago  has  also  attempted  to  connect  tlie  Vivians  of  St.  Columb  witli  the 
Trelowarren  family,  by  supposing  that  John  Vivian,  the  recorded  progenitor  of  the  former 
family,  was  the  son  of  a  John  Vivian  of  Trenouth  (which  is  not  improbable),  and  that  the  latter 
was  the  son  of  Thomas,  a  younger  son  of  John  Vivian  of  Trelowarren  by  Elizabeth  daughter 
and  coheir  of  Thomas  Tredurfe.  He,  however,  furnishes  no  satisfactory  evidence,  his  conjecture 
being  based  upon  the  probahility  that  Trenouth  was  a  part  of  the  Tredurfe  estate.  Of  this  family 
Sir  Richard  Vyvyan  of  Trelowarren  is  the  legal  representative  by  tlie  marriage  of  his  ancestor 
Sir  Richard  Vp'yan  with  Mary  the  daughter  and  heiress  of  Francis  Vivian  of  Cosworth,  Esq. 

Arms  of  Vivian  of  Bodmin. — Or,  upon  a  chevron  azure  between  three  lion's  heads  erased 
proper,  three  anuidets  of  the  field,  upon  a  chief  gules  three  martlets  argent 


PEDIGREE  OF  VIVIAN  OF  BODMIN. 


Yiuian 


1 — 4.  Vivian. 

2.  Tres.aster. 

3.  Cavcl. 


T' 


John    Yiuian    de^ 
Bodman  in  Com 
Cornnh. 


Thomas  Viiiian. 
Prior  de  Bodmin 
temp.  H.  8. 


I 


Johannes  Viiiian,=pElizab:  filia  et  coh:  Tlwma 
de  Bodman, Jiliiis  Tregoff  de  Penjiole  in 
et  ha-rt's.  Comitat.  Cornub. 


"T" 


Thomas  Viuian,Jilius     Ednmrdus  Muian  de  Key  in-rJana     filia     Joh'is 
primogenitus.  Com.  Cornub.  sup'stes  1620.       Trcncreke  de  Kaye. 


Johannes  Saiees  de  Kage  in=^Gracia  Jilia  et  har.  Edmardi 


Com.  Cornub. 


T 


Yiuian. 


Johannes  Hawes  fil.  et  har. 
cetatis  9  Annoru'  1620. 


2.  Franeiscus. 

3.  Beginaldus. 


1.  Maria. 

2.  Elizab. 


I  certify  that  this  is  a  correct  copy  of  the  Pedigree  and  Arms  of  Vivian  of  Bodmiu,  as  recorded  in  the  Heralds' 

College.    Register  raai-ked  2  C.  I.  337. 

Geo.  Habeison, 

Deer.  1869.  Windsor  Herald. 


209 


MUNDAY. 

A  brief  account  of  the  family  of  the  last  prior  of  Bodmin  can  scarcely  fail  to  bo  acceptable 
in  this  history.  He  is  known  as  Thomas  Wandeswortli,  but  his  family  name  was  Munday,  as 
has  been  before  noticed  in  the  record  of  the  events  immediately  preceding  the  dissolution  of  the 
priory.  The  founder  of  this  family  was  Sir  John  Munday,  knt ,  citizen  of  London,  who  was 
sheriff  in  1514,  alderman  of  the  ward  of  Aldgate  in  1517,  and  Lord  Mayor  1522.  When  the 
insurrection  of  the  apprentices  on  1st  May,  1517,  called  the  Evil  May-day,  occurred,  he  attempted 
to  stop  the  riot,  but  was  driven  off  by  the  rebels  and  glad  to  seek  safety  in  flight.  From  his 
eldest  son,  Vincent,  are  descended  the  Mundays  of  Derbyshire.  Thomas,  the  second,  became  prior 
of  Bodmin,  having,  it  is  probable,  been  previously  in  a  convent  at  Wandesworth,  whence  he 
derived  the  name  by  which  he  was  afterwards  known  in  Cornwall.  The  third,  John  Munday, 
followed  his  brother  to  Bodmin,  and  he  and  his  family  greatly  profitted  by  the  grants  of  the 
convent,  in  anticipation  of  the  dissolution.  John  Munday  himself  had  a  grant  of  a  lease  of  the 
manor  of  Rialtoii  for  09  years,  and  settled  there.  His  daughters  married  into  the  best  county 
families — the  Prideauxes  and  the  Kendalls,  and  several  others.  Though  they  continued  with 
some  credit  at  Rialton  during  the  period  of  the  lease,  they  do  not  appear  to  have  prospered, 
for  soon  after  that  expired  tiiey  seem  to  have  sunk  from  the  rank  of  gentry,  tliough  the  name 
is  found  in  St.  Columb  Minor  down  to  tlie  end  of  the  17tli  centmy. 

Arms  of  Munday  of  Cornwall. — Quarterly  gules  and  sable,  upon  a  cross  engrailed  or  five 
lozenges  azure  ;  upon  a  chief  of  the  third  tlu'ee  eagle's  legs  of  the  fourth,  a-la-quise ;  a  mullet  for 
a  difference. 

THE  FAMILIES  OF  LE  TAILLOUR,  BEKET,  AND  BERE  OF  BODMIN. 

We  find  the  family  of  le  Taillour  in  Bodmin  in  the  time  of  Edward  I.,  and  it  seems  to  have 
become  extinct  in  the  beginning  of  the  reign  of  Rich.  II.  William  le  Taillour  gave  a  mark  to 
have  a  license  of  agreement  with  Roger  Blyker  and  Matilda  his  wife,  concerning  a  tenement  in 
Bodmin,  30th  Edw.  I.  (1301.)*  Roger  le  Tailleur  was  manucaptor  for  William  Caruball, 
Burgess  in  Parliament  for  Bodmin,  33rd  Edw.  I.  (1304)  and  also  for  John  Bylonn  in  15th  Edw. 
II.  (I321).t  He  and  Meliora  his  wife  are  mentioned  in  9th  Edw.  II.  (1315).*  Their  son  Roger 
married  Jone,  daughter  and  heir  of  John  Nantian,  Lord  of  Kenwyn,  by  the  daughter  of  AV alter 
(le  la  Hay ;  and  by  this  marriage  acquired  considerable  property  in  the  neighbourhood  of  Truro. 
This  Roger  appears  to  have  been  a  man  of  great  wealth.  He  was  assessed  to  the  subsidy  levied 
in  Bodmin  in  the  time  of  Edw.  III.  (year  unknown)  at  more  than  three  time.s  as  much  as  any 
other  inhabitant  of  the  town. J  William,  his  grandson,  left  an  only  daughter,  Johanna,  who 
married,  first,  Thomas  Paderda,  by  whom  she  had  four  daughters ;  and  secondly,  Nicholas  Beket, 
the  representative  of  a  family  which  held  lands  in  Bodnn'n  at  an  early  date.     There  are  lands  now 

*  Assize  KoUs.  t  Writs  and  Keturns  to  Parliament. 

J  Subsidy  Rolls,  Edw.  III. 

3  H 


210  PARISH  OF  BODMIX. 

at  Lower  Whitley  known  as  "  Beket's  Grove."  Bv  Nicholas  Beket  she  had  a  son  Edmund,  who 
was  manucaptor  for  William  Penfoun,  bui-gess  in  Parliament  for  Bodmin,  9th  Hen.  YI.  He 
married  the  daughter  and  coheir  of  Thomas  Lanhergy,  by  Alice,  daughter  and  heir  of  Stephen 
Fairford,  by  whom  he  left  an  only  daughter  Ann,  who  became  tlie  wife  of  John  Bere  of  Pengelly 
in  St.  Neat,  the  representative  of  another  ancient  Bodmin  family. 

We  find  the  Beres  in  Bodmin  as  early  as  3rd  John  (1201),*  when  Alward  Bere  was 
amerced  one  mark,  and  Alan  his  brother  half  a  mark,  for  disseizin.  In  37th  Henry  III.  (1252)* 
Walter  le  Bere  was  sued  concerning  a  mill  at  Bodmin.  In  11th  Edw.  I.  (1282)  Stephen  le 
Bere  was  amerced  for  selling  wine  contrary  to  the  assize.*  In  14th  Edw.  I.  (1285)  John  le  Bere 
and  Stephen  le  Bere  were  parties  to  a  suit  concerning  Bodiniel,*  and  in  30th  of  the  same  King's 
reign  (1301)  Roger  le  Bere  of  Bodmin  petitioned  against  Reginald  Lowys  concerning  a  tenement 
in  Bodmin*  In  1309  Roger  le  Bere  was  witness  to  a  deed  relating  to  Tregannick,  and  in  the 
following  year  to  another  relating  to  Trefi-eake.f  Thomas  Bere  recovered  Crellon  in  1369.*  The 
same  Thomas  was  burgess  in  Parliament  for  the  borough  in  15th  Rich.  II.  (1391),  when  John  Bere 
was  his  manucaptor,  and  he  was  again  I'eturned  to  the  Parliaments  of  the  18th  and  20th  of  the  same 
King's  reign.:]:  Another  Thomas  was  mayor  of  Bodmin  in  1447  and  again  in  1450.§  He  is  be- 
lieved to  be  the  same  who  maiTied  Jone,  daughter  and  heir  of  John  Udy  of  PengcDy  in  St.  Neot, 
by  Jone,  daughter  and  heii"  of  ...  .  Pengelly  of  the  same  place,  though  this  Thomas  is  described 
in  the  visitation  pedigree  in  the  Heralds'  College  as  Thomas  Bere  of  Brammer,  a  place  which 
we  are  unable  to  identify.  Tlie  Beres  would  seem,  however,  to  have  had  possessions  in  St.  Neot 
before  this  alliance,  for  we  find  that  as  early  as  9  Hen.  lY.  (1408)  *  John  Bere  and  John  his 
brother,  Johanna  Bere  and  Alice  Bere  were  sued  concerning  lands  in  that  parish.  Tliomas  Bere 
and  Jane  Udy  had  issue  John  Bere,  who,  as  is  above  mentioned,  took  to  wife  Ann  Beket.  Two 
sons  were  born  of  this  union  ;  John,  the  eldest,  inherited  Pengelly.  He  died  without  issue  male, 
and  left  a  daughter,  Philippa,  who  married  first,  Hmnphry  Ai-undell,  by  whom  she  had  no  issue  : 
and  afterwards  Peter  Bevill,  whose  descendants  are  now  her  representatives. 

Upon  the  death  of  John  Bere,  Pengelly  passed  to  his  brother  Thomas,  to  whom  payments  of 
high  rents  for  lands  in  Bodmin  were  made  annually  by  the  mayor  and  bm-gesses  as  late  as  ]501.|| 
He  would  appear,  however,  to  have  been  dead  before  1509,  for  in  that  3'ear  pa^nnent  of  high 
rent  for  lands  in  Borelane  was  made  to  John  Bere  of  Pengelly,  and  in  1527  a  similar  payment 
was  made  to  the  heirs  of  John  Bere.||  Thomas  Bere  had  another  son,  Robert,  who  married 
Jaquet,  daughter  of  Kestell  of  Park,  and  founded  the  family  of  Bere  of  Belawren  in  Egloshayle. 
John  Bere  of  Pengelly,  last  mentioned,  had  a  son  William,  Avho  had  a  son  Thomas,  who  died  s.p. 
and  was  buried  at  Botlmin  in  1604,^  and  a  daughter  Grace,  who  by  marriage  with  John  Grylls 
of  Lanreath,  carried  the  estates,  including  the  advowson  of  the  Church  of  St.  Neot,  into  that 
family,  which  estates  are  now  enjoyed  by  her  representative,  Lieut. -Colonel  Shadwell  Morley 
Grylls  of  St.  Neot. 

*  Assize  Rolls.  f  Deeds  at  Tregothnan. 

+  'Writs  and  Returns  to  Pari.  §  See  List  of  Mayora. 

II  Accounts  of  Receiver-General.  ^  Monnmental  Inscription,  No.  7. 


LE  TAILLOUR,  BEKET,  AND  BEEE. 


211 


Philip  Nantian= 


Oliver  (le  la  IIay= 


I 


William  le  Taillour,  of  Bodmin,^ Richard  Nantian,  son=p Alice. 

30  Edw.  I.  I  and  heir.  | 

I  , p 


Walter  de  la" 
Hav. 


_L 


Roger  le  Tail-=pMeliora, 
lour  of  Bodmin,  I  9  Edw. 
9  Edw.  II.  I  II. 

I 


Margery  ,=p  John  Nan- 
dan,  and     tian,    son 
co-heir.        and  heir. 


:Isa- 
bel- 
la. 


Lucy,  dan.  and  Alice,  d.  and  coll., 
coh.  m.,  lord  of  m.  Thomas  Cham- 
Truul  Gnrthurft.       pernon. 


I 


1 


1 


Roger    le   Taillonr.  of    Bodmin.^Johanna,  dau.  and     John,  ob.     Nicholas  Nantian, oli.^Sibella,  i-cmarried  John  de 


27  Edw.  III. 


heir,  21  Edw.  III. 


s.p.  s. p.  before  27  Ed.  III. 


John  le  Taillour,  of  Bodmin,  20  Edw.  III.,  burgess  of  Bodmiu.^^Johanna.         John,  ob.  s.  p. 


Uestournek,  27  Edw.  III. 


I 


Pengelly,  of  Pengelly.=p.. 

I 
, 1 


William  le  Taillour,  of  Bodmin,  49  Edw.  III.=FJohanna,  49  Edw.  III. 

I 

r -r ' 

I 


John        T=Jone,  dau.     Thomas   Paderd;i,=pJohanna.dau.=pNichola3     William  =Jo-       Thomas=f=Alicc,  dau.  and 


Udy,    of 
Pengellv, 


and  heir. 


20    Rich.    II., 
Rich.  II. 


and    heir,  9    I  Beket,   2     Beket,    2     han-     Lanher- 
Ilen.  IV.          I  Hen.  V.       Hen.  V.       na.       gr. 
,  I 


heir  of  Stephen 
Fairford. 


-1  r-' 1 1 1 

Thomas  Bere,  of    Pen-^Jone,  dau.     Isabell,  mir.     Jane,  mar.     Margaret.     Catherine,  Edmund  =pJohanna 

gellv.  Mayor  of  Bodmin,  I    and  heir Land-       William        mar mar Beket,  6 

1447-1450.  I  warnick.  Beket.  Ashton.        Cocke.  Hen.  VI, 


°;J 


dau.  and 
heir. 


I 


John  Bere,  of  Pengelly,  living  1480.=f:Ann,  dau.  and  heir,  living  1519.* 

I 
1 , 


Thomas  Bere,  of  Pengelly,  living  1501  (Bodmin=pJohanna,*  living    John  Bere,  of  Pengelly ,=f=Elizabeth,  dau.  and  heir  ol 


Accounts);  dead  in  1519. 


in  1519. 


ob.  3.  p.m. 


.Tohn  Carminow. 


-| 


Robert  Bere,  of  Belawren^Jaqnet,  dau.  of Kestell,      John  Bere  of  Pengelly;  living=T= Philippa,  dau.-T-Peter 

in  Egloshayle.  |        of  Park  in  Egloshayle.  1511  ;  dead  before"  1527.  and  heir.      1  Bevill. 

I I ' 

William  Bcre=p John  Bevill,  of 

Killvgartb. 


Agnes,  dau.  of  John  Lynam=FJohn  Bere.=pThomasine,  dau.  of  John  Borough, 


of  St.  Kew. 


of  Egloshayle. 


of  Pengelly. 


) I    I 

Elizabeth,  m.     Ja- 


-m 


I 


John,  Thomas,  Uo-  Elizabeth,  m.  Ja-  Richard,  Jtargaret,  Joan, 

1  son,  a-t.  20,  bcrt,  1618  Richard  quet.  3rd  son,  bapt.  1C04.       bapt.  bur.  in  Bodmin 

set.  28,  l«20,bur.  bapt.  BillingofBo  Ma-  l)apt.lG07,  Priacilla,  1008.  Church    1(;04. 

1620.  1674.  1606.  siron.  rv.  ob.  s.  p.  bapt.  1611.  Philipp.  M.  I.  No.  7. 


I 


Thomas  Here,  Gracc.-pJolin 
Grylls, 
of  Lan- 
reath. 

From  whom  is 
descended  Lt.- 
Colonel  S.  M. 
Grylls, of  Saint 
Neot,  living 
1870. 


*   "  I,  Ann  Bere,  widow  of  John  Bere  of  Pengelly,  grant  to  Johanna  Bere,  widow,  late  wife  of  Thomas  Bere  my  sod, 
all  that  messuage  called  Borlawren  in  Egloshayle."     Dat,  7  Oct.  10  Hen.  VIII. 


212 

KESTELL  OF  BODMIK. 

The  family  of  Kestell  of  Bodmin  derives  its  descent  from  Symon  son  of  John  Kestell  of 
Egloshayle,  by  Joan,  daughter  and  sole  heir  of  Nicholas  Godolpliin.  Symon  married  Jane, 
daughter  of  Richard  Boturnal,*  and  his  descendants  appear  to  have  acquired  the  estate  fi-om 
which  that  name  was  derived.  We  find  John  Kestell  as  one  of  the  largest  contributors  to  the 
rebuilding  of  Bodmin  Church,  1468-1472.1  William  Kestell  was  assessed  to  the  subsidy  in 
Bodmin  in  IG  Henry  VIII.J  and  John  Kestell  and  Thomas  Kestell  in  the  35th  of  the  same  king's 
reign. J  The  Kestells  of  Bodmin  held  Boturnal  by  military  service  of  the  Lord  of  the  Manor  of 
Penvrane,  and  in  15th  Eliz.  Thomas  Kestell  of  Bodmin,  gent.,  did  homage  to  John  Treflrj',  Esq. 
Lord  of  the  Manor  of  Penvrane,  for  one  knight's  fee  in  Over  Come  and  Nether  Come,  and  one 
acre  of  land  Cornish  in  BoturnelI.§  This  Thomas  Kestell  was  town-clerk  of  Bodmin  in  1560, ||  and 
died  in  1577.  In  1580  Walter  Kestell  paid  7s.  8d.  for  relief  and  homage  after  the  death  of  his 
father  Thomas  Kestell,  to  John  Treffry  for  the  same  lands. §  Walter  settled  at  Bradoak,  and,  mar- 
rying the  daughter  and  heir  of  John  Forde  of  Egloshayle,  his  son  and  heir,  Thomas  Kestell, 
leturned  to  that  parish  and  settled  at  Pendavy,  where  he  was  seated  at  the  time  of  the  Heralds' 
Visitation  *  of  1620.  Several  of  the  name,  however,  continued  at  Bodmin  until  the  beginning  of 
the  18th  century.     We  purpose  to  treat  of  this  family  more  at  large  in  our  account  of  Egloshayle. 

STONE  OF  BODMIN. 

Lysons  states  that  this  family  was  descended  from  the  family  of  Stone  of  Trevelver  in  St. 
Minver,  who,  he  adds,  had  a  residence  in  Bodmin  for  several  generations  before  1603,  when  John 
Stone  represented  that  borough  in  Parliament.  Notwithstantling  some  diligence  in  research,  we 
have  failed  to  discover  any  evidence  of  this  descent,  nevertheless  the  statement  is  probably  correct. 
AVe  do  not  find  the  name  in  the  Subsidy  Rolls  for  Bodmin  of  the  reign  of  Henry  VIII.,  but  it 
appears  almost  at  the  commencement  of  the  Parish  Registers.  The  first  entry  is  the  marriage  of 
John  Stone  and  Elizabeth  Garby  in  1564,  and  the  next  the  biirial  of  Elizabeth  Stone.  These  were 
probably  the  parents  of  William  Stone,  and  of  John  Stone  above-mentioned,  who  was  mayor  of 
Bodmin  in  1600  and  two  following  years,  and  Burgess  in  Parliament  in  1603.  William  Stone, 
his  son,  was  mayor  in  1622, 1630,  and  1637.  For  several  generations  this  family  took  a  foremost 
place  among  the  burgesses  of  Bodmin,  and  its  members  frequently  held  the  highest  municipal 
office.  The  last  of  the  name  was  Mr.  Samuel  Stone,  who  died  on  1st  June  1838,  in  Dover  Road, 
London,  and  was  buried  in  the  vicinity.  He  left  a  considerable  estate,  both  real  and  personal. 
The  personal  property  he  bequeathed  to  two  Misses  King,  and  the  fi-eehold  was  inherited  by  his 
next  of  kin,  the  Willses,  Bennets,  and  Blighs,  descendants  of  the  three  daughters  and  coheirs  of 
John  Stone,  brother  of  Thomas,  grandfather  of  the  deceased. 

Arms  :  the  same  as  Stone  of  Trevelver  :  viz.  Per  pale  or  and  vert,  a  chevron  engrailed  between 
three  Cornish  choughs  counterchanged. 

*  Visitation  Pedigree.  t  Bodmin  Chnrch  Accounts. 

t  Subsidy  Rolls.  $  Deeds  at  Place,  Fowey. 

II  Award  in  the  dispute  betucen  the  towns  of  Bodmin  and  Liskeard  :  see  ante. 


213 


STONE  OE  BODMIN. 

John  STONE.T=Elizabeth,  (lau.  of  Garby; 

■  mar.  loG-1;*  htu'.  1568. 


John  Stone,  Mayor  of  Bodmin-i- 
IGltO,    1001,   lfi02;    Burfre.xs    i 
Parliament  160:i;  liur.  1C29. 


William  Rtone.=i= 


John.   , 

Joane.(  ilieil  in 
John,  linfanc}-. 
Marv.  ) 


I 
Frances, 
hapt.  1(!()2; 
hnr.  1623. 


I 
Ilarrye, 

Impt. 
1604.* 


William      Stone,=pWilmott, 


Mayor  of  Bodmin 
1622,  1630,  1637; 
bur.  1642.* 


dau.  of 

bnr. 

1643. 


I 
Mary, 
bapt. 
1586. 


I 
Kathcrine, 
l)apt.  1588;* 
bur.  1588.* 


(Jartred. 


Kathcrine, 
bapt.  1619. 


I  I 

Elizabeth,  John  Stone  of  Bodmin,  haberdasher,  bapt.: 

mar 1622;*    mayor    1657,   bur.    1G67.*      Will 

Hele.  proved  in  Archd.  Court  Sept.  1667. 


Wiimot,     Kathcrine,      Frances, 
bapt.  bapt.  bapt. 

1651. •         16.-)3.*  1656. 


1 

I 
John  Stone,  son  and- 
heir;     bapt.    1659;* 
bnr.  1727.* 


^Kathcrine, 

dan.  of 

bur.  1688. 


Richard,      Robert,=p. . 
bapt.  bapt. 

1624.*  1632. 


r 


: Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Charles  Blight       Two 

of   Bodmin;    mar.    KiSl;*    bur.       daughters 

1739.     See  pcd.  of  Blight. 


John  Stone 
bapt. 

1685;* 
bur.  1761. 


i^^Joan, 
lau.  of 


I 
Charles, 
bapt. 
1687.* 


May; 

mar. 

1733, 

bur. 

1783. 


1 

Samuel  Stone,= 
liapt.  1090;* 
Mayor  1731, 
1738,  1746, 
1752;  bur. 
1766.* 


^Honour, 
dau.  of 


Fry; 

mar. 

1717,* 

biu'. 

1740.* 


1 

I 
Richard, 
bapt. 
1695,' 
bur. 
1722.t 


-1.. 


1 

I 

Elizabeth, 
bapt. 
1683;* 
mar.  John 
Merri- 
liuld. 


Catherine,  bapt. 
1682;*  married 
Edward  Brad- 
lick  of  Lanhy- 
drok  1717.  See 
pcd.  of  Edy- 
VEAN. 


Wii- 
mot. 


Abigail, 
<lau.  of 


1st  wife; 

buried 

1723.* 


^Thomas: 

Stone, 

bm-ied 

1753. 

Will 

proved 

at  Exe- 

terl754. 


Samuel, 

bapt. 

1737;' 

bur. 

1742. 


Elizalicth, 

bapt. 

1743;* 

married 

William 

Cradock 

1768. 


Catherine, 
bap.  1747; 
maiTied 
(Jeorge 
Wills 
1768. 
I 


Elizabeth, 
bapt.  1751; 
married 
Stephen 
Bennett 
1768. 
I 


Hester, 

bapt. 

1758; 

mar. 

Richard 

Bligh 

1777. 


Trances, 
dau.  of 


Kempc : 
mai-ricd 
1724;* 
bu.  1770; 
2nil  wife. 


Richard, 

bapt. 

1722;* 

buried 

1722.* 


John   Stone,=pCalherine,      Richard  Stone,:=Joanna,  dau. 


bapt.  172 

Mayor 

1763. 


dau.  of 
Hugh  King 
of  Kirland; 
mar.  1762; 
died  1826, 
ict.  94. 
M.I.  No.  3. 


bapt.  17S 
died  1784, 
a:t.  56,  s.  p. 
M.  I.    No.  25. 


of  Walter 
Radcliffo  of 
Warleigh,  co. 
Devon;  liur. 
1792,*  «;t.  63. 
M.  I.  No.  25. 


_L 


Sanuiel  Stone, 
bajit.  1763;* 
died  in  Lon- 
don    1     June, 

1S38. 


John, 
bapt. 
1765 ; 
died 
1788. 


Thomas  Stone  of^pMary,  daughter  of 


Bodmin,  mercer; 
bapt.  1767;*  bur. 
1832. 


Edward  Truscott, 
mar.  1792;*  bur. 
1822,  ait.  64.  M.I. 
No.  81. 


I 
Elizabeth, 
bapt. 
1768,* 
buried 
1769.* 


r 


Catherine  Lovedav,  bapt.  1796;  bur.  1832, 
ii-t.  36."  M.I.  No.  81. 


*  At  Bodmin. 

3i 


214  PARISH  OF  BODMIX. 


KEMPTHORXE. 

This  family  derives  its  name  from  au  ancient  estate  in  the  parish  of  Clawton,  co.  Devon,* 
where  it  is  jn'obable  they  continued  seated  for  a  considerable  period,  but  eventually,  probably 
about  the  beginning  of  the  loth  century,  upon  failure  of  male  issue  of  the  elder  line,  the  estates 
passed  with  the  heiress  to  a  younger  sou  of  the  Leys  of  Beer-Ferrers,  who  settled  at  Kempthorne, 
and  in  course  of  time  wrote  themselves  Ley,  Ley  alias  Kempthorne,  or  Kempthorne  alone. •[•  Li 
the  early  part  of  the  15th  century,  John  Ley  of  Kempthorne  married  Thomasine,  daughter  of 
Robert  Jourdan  of  Tonacombe,  in  the  parish  of  Moi'winstow,  and  seated  himself  there.  John  Ley, 
alias  Kempthorne,  his  eldest  son,  married  Katherine  daughter  of  Sir  Piers  Courtenay  of 
Ugbrooke,  co.  Devon,  and  dying  in  1592  s.p.  the  estates  devolved  upon  his  next  brotlier, 
Nicholas,  who  took  to  wife  Margaret  daughter  and  heir  of  John  Laveney.  His  grandson  John 
Ley  alias  Kempthorne  of  Tonacombe  registered  the  pedigree  of  his  family  at  the  Heralds'  Visita- 
tion in  1620,  and  was  allowed  the  arms  of  Ley  and  Kempthonie  quarterly.  By  Eulalia,  daughter 
of  John  TreAeliian  of  Nettlecombe,  Esq.  he  left  an  only  child  Honour,  born  in  1G20.  She  mar- 
ried Thomas  W  addon,  to  whom  she  carried  the  Tonacombe  estates,  and  is  now  represented  by 
William  Waddon  Martin  of  Tonacombe,  Esq.  Richard,  a  younger  son  of  John  Ley  by  Thomasine 
Joui'dan,  settled  in  the  parish  of  Merther.  J  He  was  twice  married,  and  had  issue  by  both  wives, 
some  of  whom  are  supposed  to  have  migrated  to  Mullion  in  Kerrier,  and  Carminow  in  the  parish 
of  Mawgan.  Samuel  Kempthorne  of  Mullion  died  in  1G65,§  leaving,  with  other  children,  a  son 
Edward,  whose  grandson  of  the  same  name,  of  Carminow,  by  Margaret,  the  daughter  of  Pascoe 
Tregidyon  of  Tregidj-on  in  Cury,  had  a  large  family.  Samuel  his  fourth  son  is  now  represented 
by  his  grandson  John  Buckingham  Kempthorne,  of  Polhormon,  near  Helston,  son  of  Capt.  Samuel 
Kempthorne,  Royal  Navy.  James,  his  fifth  son,  entered  the  Royal  Navy,  in  \\hicJi  he  accom- 
panied the  gallant  Boscawen  in  many  of  his  enterprises,  and  attained  the  rank  of  admiral. ||  He 
married  Eleanor,  only  child  of  the  Rev.  Sampson  Sandys  of  Lanarth,  and  of  St.  Martin's  in 
Meneage,  by  whom  he  had  three  sons  and  a  daughter.  John,  the  eldest,  became  senior  wrangler 
at  Cambridge,  and  afterwards  Prebendary  of  Gloucester,  who,  in  1837  died  seized,  among  other 
lands  in  the  Lizard  district,  of  the  Manor  of  Rosenithon  in  St.  Kevern,  all  which,  after  his 
decease,  were  sold.  Three  of  his  sons  are  now  living,  viz.  John,  Vicar  of  Wedmore,  co. 
Somerset ;  Richard,  Rector  of  Elton,  co.  Huuts.,  late  archdeacon  of  St.  Helena ;  and  Samp- 

*  Pole's  Devon,  sub  Clawton. 

t  Parish  Keg.  of  llorwuistow  and  Heralds'  Visit.  1G20. 

%  Heralds'  Visitation.  §  Par.  Ucg. 

II  The  family  o£  Kempthorne  has  been  remarkable  for  its  attachment  to  the  navy.  Admiral  Sir  John  Kempthorne 
finds  a  place  in  Prince's  Worthies  of  Devon  (p.  549).  He  was  knighted  for  his  brilliant  achievements.  His  son  Captain 
Morgan  Kempthorne  is  celebrated  for  the  defeat  of  seven  Algerine  men  of  war  with  a  single  frigate;  he  was  mortally 
wounded.  There  is  a  montmient  to  his  memory  at  l.eghom.  Thomas  Kempthorne,  Commissioner  of  Chatham  Dockyard, 
maiTicd  the  great-grandaughter  of  John  Hampden  the  Patriot.  The  inscription  on  his  monument  in  Hampden  church, 
1759,  informs  us,  that,  following  the  example  of  his  ancestors,  he  served  his  King  and  Country  in  the  Royal  Xavy. 


FAMILY  HISTORY^ — HOBBS. 


215 


son,  settled  in  Now  Zealand.  James,  second  son  of  Admiral  Kemptliornc,  purchased  Kir- 
land  and  settled  there.  He  married  Mary  Peter,  daughter  of  George  Borlaso  of  WadelM'idge, 
afterwards  of  Kirland.  Of  the  issue  of  this  marriage  two  sons  and  two  daughters  still  survive : 
viz.  Capt.  George  Borlase  Kemptliorno,  late  of  the  Indian  Navy,  and  John  Kempthorne  of  Cal- 
lington,  surgeon  ;  both  of  whom  have  issue.  The  daughters  are  Eleanor  Hosken,  widow  of  the 
late  Sii-  Josei)h  Graves  Sawle,  Bart ;  and  Caroline  Gilbert,  widow  of  the  late  Ambrose  Thomson. 
Mr.  James  Kempthorne  died  at  Bodmin  in  1851,  and  a  monument  to  his  memory  was  erected  in 
"the  parish  church  (No.  27),  whereon  is  displayed  the  quartered  coat  of  Ley  alias  Kempthorne 
of  Tonacombe.* 

Eleanor,  the  daughter  of  Admiral  Kempthorne,  married  the  Rev.  Charles  Bryan,  and  had  a 
son,  James,  now  in  the  Admiralty,' and  a  daughter,  Ellen,  who  married  first  Henry  Neville  of 
Walcot,  in  Northamptonshire,  Esq.  ;  and,  secondly.  Colonel  Cracroft  Amcotts  of  Hackthorn, 
CO.  Lincoln,  now  M.P.  for  Mid-Lincolnshire,  and  chairman  of  the  Quarter  Sessions  of  his  county. 


HOBBS. 

For  two  or  three  descents  members  of  this  family  were  prominent  inhabitants  of  Bodmin. 
We  find  Hugh  Hobbs,  gent,  settled  in  Bodmin  before  the  middle  of  the  seventeenth  century.  He 
married  Joan,  one  of  the  daughters  of  John  Dunkyn  of  Penzance,  by  Elizabeth  his  wife,  one  of 
the  si-sters  and  coheir  of  Christopher  Walker,  which  Joan  was  sister  to  Cecilia,  who  married  first 
John  Trciso  of  St.  Thomas  by  Launceston  and  afterwards  William  Thomas.  Upon  the  settle- 
ment t  of  the  estates  which  Cecilia  derived  from  her  uncle  upon  her  second  marriage  in  1663  the 
I'emaindcr  in  the  manor  of  Barlandew,  and  in  the  moiety  of  the  manor  of  Hamatethy,  and  also  a 
sixth  part  of  the  said  manor,  in  the  event  of  the  failure  of  issue  of  Cecilia,  was  conveyed  to  her 
sister  Joan  Hobbs  and  the  heirs  of  her  body.  Hugh  Hobbs  was  mayor  of  Bodmin  in  1654, 
1662,  and  1682,  in  which  last-mentioned  year  he  set  up  the  King's  letter  in  Bodmin  church. 
Upon  the  grant  of  the  new  charter  to  Bodmin  in  1685  he  was  therein  appointed  one  of  the 
aldermen  or  capital  burgesses.  Wo  find  him,  Joan  his  wife,  and  Walker  Plobbs  his  son  and 
heir  apparent  mentioned  in  a  deed  dated  in  16!:)2.|  He  died  in  1697,  and  was  buried  at  Bodmin, 
leaving  two  sons,  Walker  and  Hugh.  Walker  also  was  a  distinguished  burgess  of  Bodmin,  and 
mayor  in  16(15  and  1701.  He  had  a  large  family,  but,  with  the  exception  of  two  sons.  Walker 
and  Christopher,  and  three  daughters,  they  all  died  in  infancy.  Mr.  Walker  Hobbs  died  in  1725 
and  his  brother  Christopher  in  1733,  the  first  apparently  without  surviving  issue  and  the  latter 
unmarried. 

Arms on  a  bend  three  birds  .  .  . ,  on  a  chief .  .  .  two  stag's  heads  cabossed.     These 

arms  are  derived  from  a  seal  to  a  deed  executed  by  Walker  Hobbs  on  28th  November,  1711, 
and  now  before  the  author. 

»  1  and  4.  Arfjcnt,  a  clicvroii  between   three  bear's  heads  couijed  at  the  slioulders  sable,  for  Lnj;  2  and  3.  Argent, 
three  pine  trees  fructed  proper,  for  Kempthorne. 

t  Deeds  at  Lavcthan.  %  Deed  at  Tredethy. 


216 


TABLE  SHOWING  THE  DESCENTS  AND  CONNECTIONS 


TABLE  SHOWING  THE  DESCENTS  AND  CONNECTIONS  OF  SEVERAL 
EMINENT  CORNISH  FAMILIES. 


Tony.     Vide  Pedigree  of  Tont,  Hist,  of  Blisland,  p.  05. 


Alice,  heiress= 
of  Tony.       I 


=Guy  de  Beancliamp,  2nd  Earl 
of  Warwick,  ob.  1315. 


Thomas  Beauchamp,  .3rd  Earl: 
of  Warwick,  oli.  13G9. 


=Katherine,  dan.  of  Roger  Mor- 
timer, Earl  of  March, 


Ralph  Stafford,  Ba- 
ron Stafford,  creatcil 
Earl  of  Stafford,  ob, 
1372. 


JI" 


■Martraret,  dau.  and  heir  of 
Hnj;h  de  Andcley,  Earl  of 
Glo'stcr,  and  great-grand- 
daughter of  Edward  I. 


Thomas: 
Beau- 
champ, 
4th 
Earl, 
ob. 
1401. 


^Margaret, 
dau,  of 
William 
Lord  Fer- 
rers of 
Groby. 


Thomas=pEleanor,  coheir  of  Bohun     William=pji)an, 


of 
Wood- 
stock, 
son  of 
King 
Edw. 

in. 


Earl  of  Hereford. 


Richard  Beau-=pElizabeth,  coheu- 


Beau- 
champ, 
created 

Lord 
Aberga- 
venny, 
ob.  1410. 


dau.  and 
coheir 
of 

Thomas 
Fitz 
Alan 
Earl  of 
Arun- 
del. 


champ,  5th 
Earl,  ob.  1439. 


of  Thomas  Lord 
Berkeley. 


Philippa.T=Hugh  Stafford,  2ud 
Earl  of  Stafford 
1386,  ob.  138fi. 


Richard  Beauchamp,^Isabel,  dau.  and  heir  of  Tho. 


created  Earl  of  Wor- 
cester, ob.  1431, 


L,  Despeucer  by  Constance 
Plantagenet.dau,  of  Edmund 
Langley,  Duke  of  York, 


Alianor,' 
dau.  and 
coheir. 


"Ednumt 

1 
Edmund   Staf-=f 

Beaufort, 

ford,  5th  Earl 

Duke  of 

of  Stafford,  in 

Somerset, 

succession      to 

Regent 

his        brothers 

of  France, 

Thomas      and 

and  grand- 

AVilliam,     ob. 

son  f>f 

1403;    slain  at 

John  of 

Shrewsbury. 

Gaunt. 

Anne,  coheir  of  her  brother 
Humphry  Plantageuet. 


Ralph=i 

-Joan, 

Ne- 

dau. 

ville, 

of 

Earl 

John 

of 

of 

West- 

Gaunt 

more- 

land, 

Humphry  Duke  of  Buckingham,^ Anne  Neville, 
slain  at  Northampton  141J0.       I 


Edward  Neville,' 
ob.  1476. 


^Elizabeth,  sole  daughter 
and  heir. 


Margaret  Beaufort,  -Ith  sister  and  coheir  of=pHumphry  Earl  of  Staf- 
Henry  Duke  of  Somerset,  I  ford,  slain  at   St.    Al- 

i  bans,  V.  p.  1455. 


Sir  George  Neville,  Lord=pMargaret,  dau.  of  Sir 


Abergavenny,  ob.  1492. 


Henry  Staifford,  Duke  of  Buckingham,  be-^^Katherine  Widville,  dau.  of  Richard  Earl  Rivers  by 
headed  at  Salisbm-y  1483.  I  Jac(iueline  of  Luxemburg;  descended  from  Simon 

I  de  Montfort,  the  great  Earl  of  Leicester. 

1 -> 

I 
Edward    Stafford,  Duke   of   Buckingham.=pAlianor  Percy,  dau.  of  the  Earl  of  Northumberland, 
beheaded  1521,  I        and  descended  fi'om  Lionel  Duke  of  Clarence, 


Hugh  Fane. 


Mary  Stafford.^George  Neville.  Lord  Abergavemiv,  ob,  153.0 

I 
a 


OF  SEVERAL  EMINENT  CORNISH  FAMILIES. 


217 


Richard  Fitz  Ive^ 


Roger  Carminow 


ob.  1276. 


'T 


Lnce  or  Maud ,^Sir  Robert  Hellegan, 


ob.  1272. 

Sir  William  Hellegan 
ob.  1286. 


,=^Margaret,  dau.  of  Sir  William 
I        Dunstanville,  ob.  1285. 


:Isabel  la 
Blanche, 
dan.  of 
King 
John. 


dau.  of  the 
Fair  Maid 
of  Kent, 
grandaugh. 
of  King 
Edw.  I.; 
bur.  at  Bod- 
niin  (?) 


Edw.  I.  Kin] 
of  England, 


Sir  Belemus  Hellegan 
Margaret  of 


.=plsabell,  ob.  1313. 
I , 


j      France. 


Thos. 

therton,  Earl 
of  Norfolk, 
ob.  1338. 


de  Bro-=7=Alice,  dau. 
of  Sir  Roger 
Halys. 


Isabel.T=Sir  John  or  Otho  Petit, 
I  Kut. 


_i 


(2)  Sir^pAnne 

John 

Carmi- 


Sir  Ro-=^Kathe- 
ger  Car- 
minow. 
(1) 

r 


rme 
Shir- 
ley. 


Margaret.Du-: 
chess  of  Norf . 
dau.  and  co- 
heir, ob.  1399. 


^Tohn  Lord 
Se grave 
1354. 


Elizabeth,  da.=p  John,4th  Ld. 


and  heir. 


Marv- 

ett.  " 


(l)Sii 

Thos. 

Carmi- 


I 


^Tane 

Wales- 

boro. 


Mowbray, 
grandson  of 
Henry  Earl 
of  Lancas- 
ter, ob.  1308. 


Sir  John  Petit.-r dan.  of  Wales- 

I  boro. 

I ' 

Sir  Johu  Petit.=y: dau.  of  Sir  John 

I  Seneschall. 

1 ' 

Sir  John  Petit.^AIice,  dau.   of    Sir 
I  Michael  Beachamp. 

r -> 

Uda  Petit.^Jaue  Trevanion. 
, I 


Martyn  Petit.^ 

Sir  Michael=p 
Petit.      I 


.  dau.  of  Lord 
Bonville. 


fn^ 


i\ 


Sir  Wal-^Alice 
ter  Car-       Tin- 
minow.      |  ten. 

SirWU-: 
liam 
Carmi- 
now. 


Phi- 
lippa. 


Jane.      Thomas  DukeT=Elizabeth,  sist. 


I 


of  Norfolk, 
K.G.,ob.l400. 


r 


:Mar- 
garet 
Kel- 
ley. 


(1)  Ralph, 
drawn    over 
a  cliff  by  his 
greyhounds. 


I 

Margaret,  co- 
heir of  John 
Duke  of  Norf. 


and  coheir  of 
Thos.  Earl  of 
Arimdel. 
^Sir  Robert 
Howard. 


Goviley  of  Goviley. 


Margaret.^Sir  John  Petit, 
I        ob.  1362. 

I 1  Isabel,=FJohn  Tre- 

Sir  Michael^ da.  of  Sir    coheir.  I  nwith  of 

Petit.       I  John  Bloen,  Kt. 


Trenwith. 


(l)Thos.: 
Carmi- 


Jane,  mar. 
Sir  Thos. 
Ld.  Carew. 
son  of  Joan 
Cotu-tcnay, 
heiress  of 
L'Erche- 
dekne. 


(2)  Wal-=^Janc  Res- 

tcr.  prill,  dau. 

and    heir 

of    Thos. 

Eesprin. 

1 

Margaret, 
married 
Sir  Hugh 
Courtenay 
of  Bocon- 


John  How-=pCatherine,d. 


Sir  John  Petit.^Margaret 
I  Trenwith. 


ard,  1  Duke 
of  Norfolk. 


of    William 
L.  Molines. 


Eliza-=pJohn  Tre- 
thurf,  son 
of  the  heir- 
ess of  St. 
Aubyn. 


Margaret.=pSir   Thomas 
[    Wyndham. 

Sir  Thomas^EIinor,   dau. 

Wyndham.      and   heir   of 
Sir  Richard 
Scroop  of 
Upsal. 


Mar^aret.^FSir  Andrew 
Luttrell  of 
Dunster, 
Knt. 


John  Petit  of^Jane,d.of  Wm. 
Ardevora.       |      Anthorne. 

r— ' 
Four  daughters 

coheiresses. 


James=pAlice,  heiress. 


Tresa- 
har. 


J 


Marga-: 
ret. 


Sir    Nicho-- 
las  Lord 
Carew,  ob. 
1471. 


■Roger  Yorke. 
Vide  Chanc. 
I'ro.  temp. 
IClizalieth. 


Thos.  ^Eleanor,  dau. 


Yorke. 


Vvvyan 
of  Trc- 
lowar- 


by 


r  Henry 
AValrond 
the  h.  of 
Wliitiiii:,  of 
Uradlicld. 


Vid.  Chanc.  Pro. 
Tresagher  v. 
Parkin,  before 
the  Rt.  Hon. 
Sir  Nicholas 
Bacon,  Kt.  the 
Lord  Keeper. 


1 — — 

I 
Michael 
Petit, 
o.  s.  P. 


Michael  Petit  mar. 
Thomasine  Leigh. 

Thos.=pElizabeth,  dau.  of 
Petit.  I  John  Godolphin. 

Tlios.=f 

Petit.  I 
._^ I 


Michael^ dau. 


Tresa- 
har  of 
Bu- 
dock. 


of  

Nanspian. 


3   K 


218 


TABLE  SHOWING  THE  DESCENTS  AND  CONNECTIONS 


Katherinc  NeTille.=pSir  John  St.  Leger  of  Annery, 
I  Devon,  grandson  of  Anne  Bote- 
ler,  coheir  of  Thomas  hist  Earl 
of  Ormond. 


and 

heir   of 

Richard 

Dowrish   of 

Dowrish, 

9th 

in   direct 

descent 

from 

Walter 

Dowrish 

of 

Dowrish 

,      temp. 

Hen 

ni. 

^Elizabeth,  dan. 
of  Sir  John  Ta- 
vemer  of  co. 
O.xon.  ob.  1581. 


Frances,  dau.  and  coheir  of  Sir  John^John  Stnkeley  of  Affeton,  Devon. 
St.  Leger. 


Thomas  Dow-=pAnna,  daughter 


rish 
rish. 


of    Dow- 


I 

Walter  l)ow-= 
rish  of  Dow- 
rish, Esfj.  Vi- 
sitation 1620. 


of  Charles  Far- 
ringdon  by  Mar- 
gery, dau.  of  Sir 
Thomas  Stuke- 
lev  of  Affeton. 


=Mary,  only  dan. 
ob.  1604,  it.  54; 
brass  in  Sand- 
ford  church. 


Katherine  Stukeley.: 


^Thomas  Do\Tri,sh  of  DowTish;  mort. 
temp.  Visit.  1620,  a;t.  52. 


John,  a!t.  27,    Thomas,  a!t.  21,  1620;  Colonel  in  the 
1620.  Pari.  Army;  ob.  s.  p.m.  in  Ireland, 

Will   Prerog.    Court    of    Canterbury 
1654. 


Lewis  Dowrish  of  Dow-=pAnnc,  dan.  of  Emannel 


rish,  bom  1602;  mar.  9 
Oct.  1627;  ob.  7  March, 
1688. 


Davy  of   Creedy ; 
at    Sandford    23 
1671,  a;t.  67. 


bur. 
Nov. 


Agnes  Pal-^Lewis  Dowrish,=pFranees  Jacob, 


bapt.  10  April, 
1638  ;  buried  6 
May,  1689. 


mar.  29  Oct. 
1657;  buried  3 
Nov.  1670. 


Walter,     Nathaniel,  bapt.=Anastasia, 
bapt.  7   Jan.   1643-4 ;     daugh.      of 

31  Aug.     ob.  5  Nov.  1713,     Hill. 

1641 ;         s.  p.    Will  prov-     Will   prov- 
ob.  s.  p.      c(l     in     Prerog.     ed  at  Exe- 
Conrt  of  Cant.       ter  1728. 


I 


Will- 

L( 

.wis 

^Elizabeth, 

John 

John 

Anne 

iam, 

Dow- 

dau. of 

Dow- 

Dow- 

mar. 

bapt. 

rish, 

Thomas 

rish, 

rish 

14 

bapt. 

Clark; she 

bapt. 

Joll, 

Barri- 

Dec. 

26 

married 

7  Jan. 

bapt. 

bal. 

1680; 

Apr. 

2ndly 

1667-8  ; 

1677, 

bapt. 

died 

1677; 

Charles 

biu-. 

ob. 

1682. 

un- 

ob.  17 

Challis 

1702 

m- 

mar. 

Sept. 
1717 

of  Lyon's 
Inn. 

s.p. 

fans. 

s. 

P- 

John,  bapt.^^Frances 


21  April, 
1685,  at 
Trewen ; 
liur. 
1  Jan. 
1783,  at  St. 
Bndeau.\. 


Slyman, 
mar.  15 
June, 
1724,  at 
Cardin- 
ham; 
bur.  11 
June, 
1772,  at 
St.  Bn- 
deanx. 


James  Tresa-^Elizabeth  Chappie, 
bar,  born  at  mar.  at  Ruan  Lani- 
Tregonv  31st  home  8  Dec.  1739. 
May,  lh4. 


OF  SEVERAL  EMINENT  CORNISH  FAMILIES. 


219 


r' 


Sir  Eiimnnd^Katberinc, 


I — ' 

Johun 


Lord  Ca- 
rew,  ob. 
1513. 


cdhfir  of       Vy- 

SirWilliam  vyan 

IliuUlers- 

flfUl.  I 1 

Bar- 
ham 

Vy- 

vyan, 

oi). 

1632. 


• (la. 

of  Mal- 
let of 
Devon. 


:Hnmphry 
Yurke  of 
Phillack, 
ob.  1C33; 
mar.  l5Sr>, 
at  Mawg:an  in 
Meneage. 


r>ir.IoliuMHii<l;iv,Kjit.==  Jiiiian  dan 


L.Mavor  oi'Londii 
a'.D.  1522 


George  Ca-- 
rcw,  D.D. 
Dean  of 
Windsor. 


^Anne,  dau.  of  Sir  Nicholas 
Harvey. 


Anne  Yorke,  eldest  dau.  and^ 
coheir.     Visitation  1(120. 


Sir  Peter: 
Carew,  ob. 
1580. 


:Etbcldreda, 
dau.  of 
William 
Gardiner  of 
CO.  Bucks. 


George  Carew, 
Baron  Clopton, 
Earl  of  Totnes. 
O.  S.  P.      1629. 


^Thomas 
Tresabar 
of  Treve- 
than,  liv- 
ing visi- 
tation 
1620. 


r 

TlloiriaS.Surn: 
'^\'ands^vur(h, 
last  Prior  rf 
Bod-rnin. 


~r 


oCWiHiai.i 
s.auilL  h:  of 
SirJ.Bro'SN'ue. 


John  :=  J 


Mittutnv 


.  coK-. 


ol'  Av'ny  oi 
1jl»6  twit  Kiel. 


Michael  Tre-=fElizabeth, 


■ r 

Sir  Alan  Apsley,  Lieut.=f=Anu,  dau.  and  heir, 
of  the  Tower,  ob.  1630.    | 

1 ' 1 n 

Lister  Blount.^Joycc.        Peter,        Other  chil- 
— 1  o.  s.  p.        dren,  o.  s.  p. 


sahar   of  Go- 
viley,    Trego- 
ny.      Will  at 
Doctors' 
Commons 
1664. 


Lister  Blount,  died  in  infancy. 


dau.  of 
William 
Elyott, 
Esq.  of 
Falmouth. 


Laurence  =  Ka-theritie 
Kentlall .        Munda^-. 


RichardT=Mary,   dau. 


Moyle. 


William  Carlyon. 


(1)  Michael  Tresabar,  o.  s.  p.  Vid.  Close 
Rolls,  conveyance  of  Govilcy  l)y  Ezechiel 
Trcsahar  (brother  and  heir)  to  Hugh  Bos- 
cawen  of  Tregothnan. 


Richard: 

Moyle. 


J 


Ezechiel,:^Elizabeth, 


ob.  1734, 
at     Tre- 

gony. 


dau.  of 


I 
Henry  Carlyon  of  Menagnins,: 
gent.      Will   proved  1684  at 
Bodmin. 


of  Laurence 
Kendall. 

:Emlen,dau. 
of  Thomas 
Vivian,  of 
St.  Columb. 


Margaret  Dowrish,  heiress-general  of  Dowrish,  born^r^George 


at  Sandford  IS  Dec.  1645.    Marriage  settlement  A.D. 
1676;  ob.  10  June,  1694,  at  Altemon. 


Joll, 
ob. 
1692 
at  Al- 
temon. 


Michael: 
Tresa- 
bar, ob. 
1744  at 
Tre- 
gony. 


:Mary,   dau. 
and  heir  of 
Richard 
Avent  of 
Tregony, 
gent.;  mar. 
Ascension 
Day  1701 
at  Lamor- 
ran;  bur. 
1724. 


Henry, 

o.  s.  p. 


I 

:Barbara.  Visit. 
1620;  died  .at  St. 
Austell,  1668. 


Richard   Sco-=rBarbara 


ble  of  Mena- 
guins  and 
Polruddan. 
Will   1693, 
prov.  at  Bod- 
min 1716. 


Carly- 
on, only 
child 
and 

heiress, 
died  16 
March, 
1712. 


Henry  Hawkins,  dicd=pBarbara,    coheir 


at  St.  Austell  1734. 


of  Francis  Sco- 
ble.  Will  jiroved 
Exeter  1749. 


Francis,  mar.  Mary,  dau. 
of  Sir  .losepb  Tredcnbani. 
E.xtiuct. 


Mary,    sole   heir   of   Tresahar.^Hcury    Hol- 


born  27  Dec.  1742,  at  Tregony; 
mar.  27  Aug.  1763,  at  Stoke; 
ob.  at  Stoke,  1786. 


man,  born 
1740,  at  St. 
John's;  bur. 
1  March, 
1815,  at  St. 
.lobn's. 


I 

Richard, 
born  1740 
o.  s.  p.; 
died 
abroad 
before 
marriage 
of  his 
sister. 


Danicl^Anna  Hawkins,        Richard  Carveth,  mar.  1743.=pDorcas  Gerrans. 


Moyle, 
mar. 
1718; 
ob. 
1724, 


eldest  dau.  and 
coheiress,  born 
1693,  ob.  1723. 


Richard  Car-^Margaret 


veth  of  Barti- 
liverand  Car- 
vossa  Probns, 
ob.  1822,  a-t. 
75. 


Andrew, 
ob.  1823, 
a;t.  77. 


John: 

Ciir- 

pen- 

ter 

of 

Tre- 

go- 

ney. 


:Anne.=r:James 
Veitch. 


James  Veitch, 
Capt.  R.N. 


220 


TABLE  SHOWING  THE  DESCENTS  AND  CONNECTIONS 


Honor,  born  23  Mar,  173S,=f  John  Pode,  ob. 


at  Altemon;  mar.  2lj  Nov. 
1760,  at  Stoke;  ob.  1818. 


1810,  a;t.  73,  at 
Stoke. 


William  Carthew,=pAnna  Morle,  coheiress, 
bom  1717,  ob.  I  bom  1719,  mar.  1741, 
17G7.  I  ob.  1755. 

I 


Matthew, 
ob.  un- 
married. 


Frances,  mar.= 
25  May,  1781, 
at  Stoke;  ob. 
in  Jersey. 


^Thomas  Drake, 
bom  13  Dec. 
1757,  at  Wool- 
boro ;  ob.  1835 
in  Jersey. 


(l)John, 
o.  s.  p. 


(2)  Henry  Hol-=pSarah     Speat, 


man,  born  9 
March,  1768,  at 
Stoke;  ob.  Jime, 
1840,  at  Stoke. 


mar.  11  Oct. 
1793, at  Stoke; 
ob.  17  Jan. 
1S44  at  Stoke. 


John  Pode  Drake,=FSnsan  Johns  Hohnan,  bom 


bom  1794  at  Stoke; 
liring  1870  in 
London. 


at  Stoke;  mar.  24  March, 
1819,  at  Stoke;  ob.  4  Oct. 
1865  at  St.  Austell,  a;t.  68. 


Henry,  ob. 

unmar. 

Lovedav. 

William. 


Hemr  Hennah: 
of  Blackheath, 
bapt.  1771,  d. 
1850. 


-r 


:Ann,  dan.  of  Thomas  William, 

Buckle  of  Wensley,  co.  Capt.  K.N. 

York;  bom  1775,  mar.  C.B. 
1796,  died  1853. 


Joseph  Edward    Thomas  Hennah  of  Brix-=^Jemima  Hayes,  dan.  of  Thomas 
of  Brighton,  ton,  H.E.I. C.S.;  bo.  1800,  |  Edglev  of  London;  bom  1806, 

living  1870.  died  1843.  -J-mar.  1825,  living  1870. 


EUzabeth  Tod,  lst^=Henry  Holman  Drake  of  St.: 
wife ;  ob.  at  St.  Austell,  only  issue ;  bom  2 
Austell  14  April.  March,  1820,  at  Halifax,  N.S. 
1849,  s,  p. 

I 1 


=Mary  Carkeet.  2nd 
da.  m.8  Jnne,1857, 
at  Plvmouth ;  bom 
at  Falmouth. 


Marv  Elizabeth 
Dowrish,  1870. 


Henry  Dowrish, 
set.  10, 1870. 


Margaret  Dowrish. 
ob.  infans. 


Theodora  Dowrish, 
1870. 


BLAZONRY  OF  THE  ARMS  ON  THE  SHIELDS  IN  THE  TABLE  OF  DESCENTS. 

1.  BOHUS    Az.  a  bend  arg.  cotised  between  six  lioncels  ramp.  or. 

2.  Plantagenet  Qnaiterly,  France  (ancient)  and  England  within  a  bordnre  ar. 

3.  Cakmixow Az.  a  bend  or  and  a  label  gu. 

4.  Akchdekne  Ar.  three  chevrons  sa. 

brings  in  Saccomh    Ar.  three  bends  sa. 

Soche Gn.  three  roaches  naiant  ar. 

St.  Aiibyn  Ar.  on  a  cross  gn.  five  bezants. 

Talbot Gu.  a  lion  ramp,  and  bordnre  eug.  or. 

Mortimer    ...  Barry  of  six  or  and  az.  on  a  chief  of  the  first  3 

pallets  between  2  gyronnies  of  the  second,  oyer 

all  a  bend  gn. 

5.  Dinham Gu.  4  fusils  in  fess  ermine. 

brings  in  *-l  ?W«'«    Gn.  three  arches  or. 

Cimrtenay  Or,  three  torteaux. 

MoeU  Ar.  two  bars  gu.  and  in  ch.  3  torteaux. 

6.  HuDDEBSFlELD Ar.  a  fess  between  three  boars  passant  sa. 

brings  in  Bozon Az.  three  bird  bolts  ar. 

*St.  George  '  ...  Arg.  a  chief  az.  over  all  a  lion  ramp.  gn. 


OF  SEVERAL  EMINENT  CORNISH  FAMILIES. 


221 


b 

1 


John,  only  son,  officer  Dragoon  Guards,  mar.  Teresa,  dan.  of  George  Fieschi 
Heneage,  son  of  Georfje  Heueape  by  Catherine,  eldest  daughter  of  the  Eight 
Hon.  Koliert-James  Stli  Lord  Petre. 


T 


I 


(3)  James, 
o.  s.  p. 


(4)  William, 
o.  s.  p. 


Loveiiay,     Mary,  eldest  child,=pRev.  Richard  Hennah,  M.A.,  Vicar  of  St.  Austell, 


liorn      17-13,     mar. 
1704,  ob.  1811. 


Rector    of     St.    Michael    Penkevil,   Chaplain     to 
Viscount  Falmouth ;  bora  1733,  ob.  ISlo. 


Anna  Hennah,=^James  Andrew    Dorcas  Carveth,  born=pOctavius  Temple,  Capt. 


bo.  1772,  mar. 
1799,  ob.  1812. 


Carveth,    liom 
1775,0b.  1812. 


I 


1786,  mar.  1805  at 
Probus,  ob.  1866  in 
Rugby. 


3Sth  Rcgt.  after  Major 
and  Governor  of  SieiTa 
Leone,  where  he  died. 


Catherine.^J.E.Blackmore.  Rev.  Richard  Car- 
veth, of  Elmore 
Court,  CO.  Gloster. 
Issue. 


-r 


-\ 


John  Mills  Carkeet,  bom  17  Uct.=pMary  Carveth,  born  Aug.  1799;  Richard  Carveth, 
1797-S,  at  Mevagizzy;  ob.  22  I  mar.  7  May,  1827,  at  St.  Austell;  living  at  St.  Aus- 
Aug.  18G7,  in  Plymouth.  |  ob.  12  Nov.  1862,  in  Phinouth.      tell  1870.  BornB 

I  Hec.ltiol.inaL-.aSScVt.lSo;' 

Julia  Jth  Jau.ot'  Hein-,\- 
Honnali  ai  Blackheatk; 
liorn  I.iApi'  ISll  .died. 
C0AugM85t>.    — — 


Edward  Blackmore 
of  Greenock. 


r 


Frederick  Temple, 
D.D.,  Bishop  of 
Exeter. 


John,  Colonel 
Indian  Army. 


Other 
issue. 


Thomas  Henry  Hennah^Lucy  Clara  Willsher,  3rd  dau.  of  George 
of  Brighton,  son  and  Harrison  Rogers-Hai-risou.WindsorHerald, 
heir,  born  1836.  |  born  IS 

, , — L 


~~n — 

.A  nil  it 

1.0  18-t^ 


1838,  mar.  1858,  living  1870. 


Jiill:i.l)  1S43. 
mar.  lS6a  .  Tred' 
riercv-  Sui'g-R-.V 


l^chai'd . 

bo  1S45, 
ob.  1S65. 


bo  IS+8      Haynes 
m.i»74.      N.L*R.N. 


Ilenrv  Ilai-rison, 
bom  1859. 


Lucy  Maude  Har- 
rison, bom  1860. 


Ethel  Harrison, 
born  1862. 


Mabel  Harri- 
son, bo.  1863. 


Mildred  HaiTi- 
son',  bom  1865. 


r- 

Samuel  Harrison, 
born  1866. 


Thomas  Harrison, 

bom  1867. 


.  Caeew    Or,  three  lions  passant  sa.  armed  and  langned  gu. 

brings  in  *i^(7:  Step/wn...  Per  pale  gu.  and  cnn.  a  saltier  counterchanged. 

*Courcy Ar.  three  eagles  disp.  gu.  crowned  or. 

Tuitc  Quarterly  ar.  and  gu. 

"Uydron  Ai-.  3  adders  enwrapped  vert. 

Mohun    Or,  a  cross  eng.  sa.f 

*Fleming?    Vair,  a  chief  chequcy  or  and  gu. 

*I}reirt:r  Gu.  two  bends  wavy  or. 

"BojiriUt: Sa.  six  mullets  arg.  3,  2,  1,  pierced  gu. 

FiTZ  IvE Gu.  a  bend  between  six  fusils  or. 

Petit  Ar.  a  lion  ramp.  gu. 


8. 
9, 
10.  YoEKE Alt.  a  chev.  between  three  doe's  heads  erased  or. 


11.  DOWRISH    Ar.  a  bend  cotiscd  within  a  bordure  eng.  sa.  and  a  laliel  az. 

12.  Tresahar Az.  a  chev.  between  3  talliots  coucbant  vel  curreutes  sinister,  regardant  ar. 

13.  ScOBKLL Per  pale  ar.  and  gu.  three  fleurs-de-lis  and  a  label  counterchanged. 

14.  Hawkins   Ar.  ujion  a  saltier  sa.  live  fleurs-de-lis  of  the  field. 

15.  IlENNAn Ar.  3  choughs  sa.  upon  a  chief  az.,  a  naval  crown  between  two  crosses  pattie. 


*  On  the  Carcw  Tomb,  Exeter  Cathedral, 

•f  Also  Mohun's  second  coat,  Gu.  a  niaunch  erm.  hand  pr.  holding  a  fleur-de-lis  or 

3l 


222 


WALLIS. 


The  family  of  Wallis  claims  a  bi'ief  notice  at  our  hands.  John  Wallis,  gent,  attorney-at-law 
and  deputy  recorder  of  the  borough,  exercised  a  considerable  influence  therein  for  many  years. 
He  was  the  youngest  son  of  Mr.  Nicholas  "Wallis  of  Maddern  by  Miss  Hoskyn,  said  to  have 
been  a  lady  of  good  family,*  and  settled  in  Bodmin  about  1783.  His  eldest  brother,  Chris- 
topher, was  also  an  attorney  practising  at  Helston,  and  was  concerned  in  the  sale  of  all  Lord 
Arundell's  lands  in  the  county  of  Cornwall.  He  amassed  considerable  wealth,  and,  having  pur- 
chased Trevarno  in  Sithney,  died  in  1826.  His  only  child  and  heiress,  Philippa,  married  Joseph 
Lamb  Popham,  Captain  E.N.,  younger  brother  of  Admiral  Sir  Home  Popham,  K.B.,  and  is  now 
repi-esented  by  her  son  Cliristopher  Wallis  Popham  of  Trevarno,  Esq.  Mr.  Wallis's  second 
brother  Tliomas  was  collector  of  customs  at  St.  Ives. 

Upon  the  death  of  Mr.  George  Browne,  attorney-at-law,  Mr.  John  Wallis  succeeded  to  his 
business  at  Bodmin.  He  was  an  enterprising  and  speculative  man,  and  upon  the  sale  of  the 
Morshead  estates  in  1808  he  purchased  several  manoi's,  which  he  retained  until  near  his  death, 
regularly  holding  the  manor  courts,  which  have  since  been  discontinued.  He  married  Isabella 
Mary,  daughter  of  Henry  Slogget,  R.N.  by  Isabella  Mary,  one  of  the  sisters  and  coheirs  of  John 
Samuel  Silly,  Esq.  the  last  of  that  name,  and  had  a  large  family,  the  most  remai'kable  of  whom 
was  the  late  Eev.  John  Wallis,  vicar  of  Bodmin,  to  whom  allusion  has  been  frequently  made  in 
this  work.  The  family  is  now  represented  in  Bodmin  by  J.  Preston  Wallis,  gent,  attorney- 
at-law. 

It  is  stated  by  tlic  late  Rev.  John  Wallis,  in  a  letter  to  Mi-.  Lysons  dated  in  1813,*  that  his 
family  was  not  in  any  way  connected  with  the  family  of  Wallis  of  Fentonwoon  near  Camelford. 


GATTY. 

We  find  tlie  name  of  John  Gatty  among  the  contributors  to  the  funds  for  rebuilding  Bodmin 
Church  in  1470,  from  which  date  we  do  not  trace  the  name  of  Gatty  in  Bodmin  until  the 
18th  century.  In  1717  is  recorded  the  marriage  of  Robert  Gatty  and  Elizabeth  Bond.  It  was 
a  son  of  this  marriage,  Joseph  Gatty,  who,  about  17,50,  became  governor  of  the  debtors'  prison 
at  Bodmin.  He  was  twice  married,  first,  to  Johanna,  daughter  of  John  Beard  of  Bodmin, 
by  whom  he  had  three  cliildren  :  William  ;  Elizabeth,  who  married  James  Every  ;  and  Johanna. 
Secondly,  he  married  Jane  daughter  of  Mr.  Thomas  Hawken,  by  whom,  as  well  as  other  children, 
he  had  two  sons,  Robert  and  Thomas.  Tlie  latter  was  apjwinted-  one  of  the  capital  burgesses 
under  the  charter  of  38  Geo.  III.  and  his  descendants  still  possess  property  in  Bodmin. 

About  1780  William  Gatty  and  Robert  Gatty,  sons  of  Joseph,  after  receiving  their  education 
in  the   Grammar  School  at  Bodmin,  left  their  native  town  and  settled  in  London.     William 

*  Additional  MSS.  '.IlKJ,  ff.  213,  224. 


FAMILY  HISTOUT — BUOWNE.  223 

became  attaclied  to  tlie  Court  of  Exchequer,  and  died  in  1820,  aged  72  years ;  whilst  his  brother 
Eobert,  after  a  long  practice  as  a  solicitor  in  the  city  of  London,  died  in  1837,  aged  77  year.s. 
Both  these  brothers  had  several  children,  and  it  has  happened  that  the  youngest,  in  each  case,  has 
attained  the  greatest  social  prominence. 

George  Gatty,  Esq.  the  youngest  son  of  William  Gatty,  was  for  some  years  one  of  the 
Taxing  Masters  in  Chancery.  He  became  the  possessor  of  Felbridgo  Park,  near  East  Grinstead ; 
served  the  office  of  high  sheriff  for  the  county  of  Sussex  in  1861,  and  died  19th  May,  1864, 
leaving  a  widow  and  only  son,  Charles  Henry  Gatty,  of  Felbridge  Park,  Esq.  M.A.  who  is  in 
the  commission  of  the  peace  for  the  county  of  Sussex. 

The  liev.  Alfred  Gatty,  D.D.  \icar  of  Ecclcsfield  and  sub-dean  of  York,  is  the  youngest  of 
Robert  Gatty's  children.  He  married  Margaret,  daughter  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Scott,  well  known  as 
Lord  Nelson's  chaplain.  Mrs.  Gatty  is  a  distinguished  writer,  especially  for  the  yomig.  Tlieir 
eldest  son  is  the  Rev.  Reginald  A.  Gatty,  LL.B.,  rector  of  Bradfield,  eo.  York. 


BROWNE  OF  BODMIN  AND  TREWARDALE. 

Tliis  family  has  occupied  a  position  of  credit  in  the  county  for  just  three  centuries,  during 
two  of  which  it  has  been  located  in  Bhsland  and  Bodmin.  The  first  member  of  it  of  whom  we 
have  certain  record  is  Bennet  Browne  of  Gwinear,  whose  son  and  heir  Vernon  was  baptized 
there  in  1610.  This  Vernon,  who  is  believed  to  have  been  an  attorney-at-law,  resided  sometime 
in  Ladock,*  ha\ing  married  Ann,  daughter  of  Henry  Bennallecke  of  that  parish,  gent.,  in  1632, 
by  whom  he  had  tliree  sons,  William,  Vernon,  and  Michael.  William,  the  eldest  son,  married 
Honour,  daughter  of  George  Spry  of  BHsland,  Esq.,  and  was  residing  in  Blisland  in  1671,  when 
his  father  enfeoffed  him,  as  his  eldest  son  and  heir,f  in  the  manors  of  Denis  Eia  Porthia  in  St. 
Ives,  Argansawth,  Respletha,  and  Penzance,  in  the  county  of  Cornwall.  A  few  years  afterwards 
he  purchased  Trewardale  and  settled  there,  adding  to  his  property  in  that  neighboui-hood  Tre- 
genna,  in  Blisland,  still  called  "  Browne's  Tregenua,"  Dunnaton,  and  Merrifield,  in  Temple, 
part  of  Penrose  in  St.  Breward,  and  Trcmaddick  and  other  lands  in  St.  Neot.     Hals,  writing 

of  Blisland,  says  "  Li  this  parish  at  ( )  dwelleth  William  Browne,  gent,  attorney-at-law, 

who  hath  gott  a  considerable  estate  by  the  practice  of  his  profession,  who  married  [  ]  Spry 

of  this  parish  ;  his  father  [  ],  his  grandfather  [  ] ;  and  giveth  for 

his  arms  J 

William  Browne  (son  of  this  William)  had  two  sons,  William  and  George.  The  former 
succeeding  to  a  property  involved  by  his  father  sold  it  in  1762  to  William  Mackworth  Praed,  of 

•  Bond  in  the  possession  of  the  Rev.  C.  M.  Edward  Collins  of  Trewardale  (date  1G35). 

f  Deed  dated  9  Jan.  1671,  in  the  possession  of  the  Uev.  C.  M.  Edward  Collins. 

J  This  passage  is  not  in  Ilals,  as  printed  by  himself  or  by  Davica  Gilbert,  but  it  is  found  in  Ilals's  original  MSS.  in 
the  possession  of  H.  S.  Stokes,  Esq.  of  Bodmin.  These  MSS.  were,  in  1790,  in  the  custody  of  Mr.  George  Browne,  from 
whom  they  passed  to  Dr.  Whitakcr,  by  whose  daughter,  the  widow  of  the  late  Dr.  Taunton  of  Truro,  they  were  beiiucathed 
to  Mr.  Stokes. 


224  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 

Yarnacombe  in  Devon,  Esq.,  who,  twelve  years  afterwards,  in  1764,  resold  Trewardale  and 
Dunnaton  to  the  younger  brother,  Mr.  George  Browne  of  Bodmin.  William  Browne  married 
Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Eobert  Bullock  of  Bodmin,  gent,  and  coheir  of  her  brother  Richard 
Bullock,*  gent.,  and  had  a  son  William,  who  practised  as  a  solicitor  in  London,  and  left  a 
son,  John  Browne  of  Polwjm  near  Helston,  who  died  in  1853,  s.  p.  He  had  two  sisters,  Mary 
and  Harriet- Matilda  wife  of  Henry  Clutterbuck,  M.D.  of  Walbrook,  London,  his  coheirs  and 
representatives  of  the  elder  branch  of  the  family  of  Browne. 

Mr.  George  Browne  settled  at  Bodmin  in  1744,  and  practised  as  a  solicitor  and  ])roctor.  He 
assisted  Mr.  John  Bennett,  the  deputy  registrar  of  the  Archdeaconry  Court,  in  the  conduct  of 
his  business,  and,  upon  the  resignation  of  that  gentleman  from  age,  Mr.  Browne  became 
deputy-registrar,  and  assisted  in  the  removal  of  the  court  from  Lostwithiel  to  Bodmin. f 

Mr.  Browne  obtained  a  large  practice  at  Bodmin,  and  amassed  considerable  property  both 

real  and  personal.     He  married  Mary,  daughter  of Hamley  of  Bodmin,  and  left  an  only 

daughter,  Elizabeth,  who  married  the  Rev.  John  Basset  Collins,  rector  of  Camborne,  by  whom 
she  had  a  numerous  family. {  Mr.  Browne  died  in  1795,  and,  after  making  provision  for  his 
younger  grandchildren,  he  bequeathed  the  bidk  of  his  estate  to  his  eldest  grandson,  George 
Francis  Collins,  on  the  condition  of  his  assuming  the  name  of  Browne,  which  he  did  by  royal 
licence,  dated  24th  Sept.  1799, §  and  is  now  represented  by  his  son  John  Collins  Bro^vne,  of 
Crow's  Nest,  Virginstowe,  near  Launceston.  Mr.  Browne  was  buried  in  Bhsland  church, 
according  to  the  direction  in  his  will,  "  in  a  waUed  grave  to  be  made  as  near  to  the  remains  of 
his  father,  mother,  brother,  and  sister  as  conveniently  may  be."  || 

Arms :  Or,  three  garbs  azure,  as  used  by  George  Browne,  about  the  middle  of  the  last 
centmy.  The  seal  to  the  bond  of  1635,  referred  to  above,  bears  an  escutcheon  charged  with 
three  (apparently)  boats,  and  surmounted  by  the  letters  V.  B. 

•  See  pedigree  of  Bullock,  ante. 

+  See  "  Probate  Court,"  aide. 

%  See  pedigree  of  Collins,  post. 

§  See  account  of  Trewardale  in  History  of  Blisland,  p.  45. 

II  Ml-.  Browne  kept  a  diary  from  the  time  of  his  settlmg  in  Bodmin  until  his  death,  which  contains  notices  of  many 
facts  and  illustrations  of  the  social  habits  of  the  period.  Some  portion  of  this  is  now  in  the  possession  of  his  descendant, 
the  Rev.  C.  M.  Edward  Collins  of  Trewardale,  and  has  been  frequently  cited  in  his  work.  According  to  tradition  Com- 
modore Browne,  who  was  second  in  command  at  Porto  Bello,  21  Nov.  1739,  was  a  member  of  this  family.  His  connection 
with  the  Brownes  of  Blisland  cannot  be  traced.  He  may  however  have  been  descended  from  Michael  or  Vernon  Browne  of 
Gwinear  (see  pedigree).  The  late  Mrs.  Collins,  George  Browne's  daughter,  always  aiBrmed  it  as  a  fact,  who  probably 
heard  it  fi-om  her  father,  who  was  lit  rears  of  age  when  Porto  Bello  was  taken  and  would  have  had  good  means  of  know- 
ing the  truth.  There  are  at  Trewardale  two  old  engrayings,  dated  1740,  of  Admiral,  afterwards  Lord,  Vernon,  and  Captain 
Browne,  and  also  a  medal  struck  to  commemorate  the  Tictory.  There  is  a  picture  of  the  commodore  in  the  Greenwich 
Gallery,  presented  by  his  grandson  E.  Hawke  Locker,  Esq.,  formerly  governor  of  the  hospital.  It  is  said'  that  the  Spanish 
commander  went  to  the  ship  of  Commodore  Browne  to  sxirrender  his  sword,  and  that  that  officer  declined  to  receive  it  and 
sent  the  Spaniard  on  to  the  admii-al.  The  sword,  however,  is  now  in  the  possession  of  the  commodore's  descendant, 
Frederick  Locker  of  91  Victoria  Street,  Westminster,  Esq. 

'  In  an  account  of  the  pictures  in  the  Greenwich  gallery  by  Algernon  son  of  E.  H.  Locker. 


225 


COLLINS. 

The  name  of  this  family,  written  in  various  forms  as  Cowh'n,  Coulin,  Collings,  Colyu,  CoUyns, 
and  Collins,  is  found  in  the  earliest  records  relating  to  the  county  of  Cornwall.  A  family  of  the 
name  of  Couling  was  resident  in  Bodmin  in  the  13th  century.  John  Couling  was  burgess  *  in 
Parliament  in  1294,  being  the  first  occasion  on  which  burgesses  were  sent;  and  in  1312  we  again 
find  the  name  of  John  Coulynge  as  burgess,  and  WiUiam  Coulyng  as  one  of  his  manucaptors.  In 
1307  John  CoUin  was  burgess  in  Parliament  for  Launceston,  as  was  John  Collings  in  1338,  and 
Thomas  Colling  in  1400.t  We  have  before  alluded  to  a  family  of  Colyn  which  was  seated  at 
Boscarne,  and  afterwards  became  lords  of  the  manor  and  advowson  of  HeUand,  which  family  wil 
hereafter  receive  special  notice  in  these  pages.  X  We  should  also  mention  John  Colyiis  who  was 
Vicar  of  Gwennap  from  1404  to  1418,  when  he  removed  to  Ludgvan,  and  Thomas  Colyns,  or,  as 
Dr.  Oliver  writes  his  name,  Collins,  §  the  last  Prior  of  Tywardreth.  He  was  the  son  of  John 
Colyns  and  Alice  his  wife,  was  born  in  1462,  ordained  priest  in  1486,  and  appointed  Prior  in  1507. 
He  held  the  vicarage  of  Fowey,  which  about  1532  he  resigned  in  favour  of  Henry  Colyns,  sup- 


*  See  ante.  List  of  Burgesses. 

t  There  is  a  monument  in  L.aunceston  church  to  Thomas  Collins,  gent,  who  married  a  daughter  of  S.  Piper,  gent, 
and  died  in  1614.  The  arms  thereon  are,  A  chevron  guttue  between  three  birds,  resembling  the  coat  now  used  by  the 
Collins  family  except  that  the  bii-ds  appear  to  be  cocks. 

J  Of  this  family  was  John  Colyn,  sheriff  of  Cornwall  in  1388  and  1392. 

§  The  late  Joseph  Thomas  TrefEry  of  Place,  Fowey,  esq.  in  a  letter  dated  4th  February,  1844,  addressed  to  the  late 
Capt.  Collins,  and  now  at  Trewardale,  stated  that  he  had  the  arms  of  Prior  Colyns  in  his  possession,  and  that,  to  the  best 
of  his  belief,  they  were  the  same  as  those  borne  by  the  Collins  family.  It  appears,  however,  from  a  note  on  a  MS.  in  the 
British  Museum  that,  in  Mr.  Blomfield's  MS.  book  of  heraldry  called  "  The  Book  of  Chevrons,''  the  following  arms  were 
assigned  to  Prior  Colvns  :  Azure,  on  a  chevron  between  three  bezants  three  Cornish  choughs  ;  on  a  chief  or,  a  griffin 
passant,  party  per  pale  gules  and  sable.  (Addl.  MS.  5827,  191.)  What  authority  there  was  for  this  assignment  we  know 
not,  and  "  The  Book  of  Chevrons  "  is  now  lost. 

Mr.  Sniirkc,  the  learned  Vice-Warden  of  the  Stannaries,  to  whom  Cornwall  is  greatly  indebted  for  illustrations  of  the 
ancient  historical  documents  of  the  county,  has,  however,  brought  to  light  a  most  curious  and  interesting  personal  seal  of 
this  Prior,  which  has  been  noticed  by  him  in  Dr.  Oliver's  Monasticon.  (Addl.  Supp.  p.  5.)     The  seal  is  attached  to  a  grant 
preserved  in  the  Muniment  Room  at  Wardour  Castle.    It  is  an  antique  intaglio 
representing  in  miniature  the  famoi^s  group  of  the  Laocoon.     A  very  interesting 
paper  on  this  gem  by  C.  W.  King,  M.A.  was  published  by  the  Royal  Archaiological 
Institute  in  their  Journal,  vol.  xxiv.  45,  in  which  is  given  an  engraving  of  the 
impression  double  the  original  size,  and  which,  through  the  favour  of  the  Institute, 
we  are  enabled  to  lay  before  our  readers.    Mr.  King,  who  has  long  pursued  the 
study  of  ancient  glyptics,  and  is  esteemed  a  very  high  anthority  on  the  subject,  con- 
siders thi.s  gem  to  be  of  the  best  period  of  Greek  art  in  this  particular  branch,  and 
believes  it  to  have  been  engraved  two  or  three  centuries  before  the  Christian  era. 
The  intaglio  differs  in  some  of  its  details  from  the  unirble  group  of  the  Laocoon, 

which  when  disinterred  in  1512  was  in  an  imperfect  state,  and  was  restored  by  M.  Angelo  in  oouforniity  with  his  own 
conception  of  the  missing  parts,  which  this  ancient  intaglio,  however,  shows  to  have  been  incorrect.  The  acquisition  of 
this  gem  for  his  private  signet  shows  Prior  Colyns  to  liave  been  u  man  of  taste  and  refinement. 

3  M 


226  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 

posed  by  Oliver  to  have  been  his  nephew.     Prior  Colyns  surrendered  the  priory  in  1536,  and  died 
in  1539.* 

Contemporary  with  Henry  above  mentioned  was  Edward  Collins,  who  was  instituted  to  the 
Rectory  of  Hlogan  in  1533, t  from  whom  the  family  of  which  we  now  treat  is  descended  in  a 
direct  line.  We  have,  however,  nothing  beyond  family  tradition  to  connect  him  with  the  families 
alluded  to  above,  or  with  the  Prior.  This  family  is  remarkable  for  its  attachment  to,  and  close 
connection  with,  the  church.  Until  the  last  generation,  of  those  who  have  adopted  a  profession 
not  one  has  entered  any  other  than  Holy  Orders. 

In  succession  to  the  above-mentioned  Edward  Collins  several  of  his  descendants  were  con- 
nected with  Illogan.  Richard  Thomas,  son  of  Edward,  was  instituted  to  the  Rectory  in  1559, 
Edward  in  1600,|  and  John  in  1632,  who  died  in  1684,  thus  occupying  that  benefice  for  151 
years  consecutively,  except  one  break  of  twelve  years  imder  an  assignment  made  by  Richard 
Collyns ;  whilst  Edward,  son  of  Richard  Thomas,  and  father  of  the  last-mentioned  Edward,  who, 
although  in  Holy  Orders  was  not  Rector  of  Illogan,  was  buried  there. 

John  ColHns,  the  last-mentioned  Rector,  was  altogether  the  most  interesting  member  of  the 
Collins  family.  He  previously  held  some  other  benefice,  and  obtained  a  special  dispensation  fi-om 
George  Abbott,  Archbishop  of  Canterbury,  for  induction  into  this  Rectory. §  He  suifered  for  his 
faithfulness  to  the  church,  having  been,  in  1646,  ejected  from  his  benefice  ||  and  imprisoned  by  the 
rebels.lT  Upon  his  release  from  imprisonment  he  practised  medicine**  at  Falmouth  until  the 
restoration,  when  he  was  reinstated  in  his  benefice.  In  1664  he  was  instituted  to  the  Rectory  of 
Camborne,  which  he  also  held  until  his  death  in  1684.tt  He  married  Ann  daughter  of  Henry 
Bray  of  Treswithan,  in  Camborne,  by  whom  he  had  two  daughters,  who  both  pre-deceased  him. 
His  wife  survived  him  until  1697,  and  erected  a  monument  to  his  memory,  and  that  of  his 
daughters,  witliin  the  sanctuary  walls.  In  his  wiU,  dated  in  1683,JJ  he  toucliingly  refers  to  his 
sufferings,  expressing  a  "  wish  to  be  buried  in  the  upper  end  of  the  north  side  of  y<^  parish  church, 
always  living,  and  by  God's  grace  hoping  to  die,  in  y"^  Cliristian  religion  as  established  in  the 
Church  of  England,  which  doth  necessarily  imply  loyalty  to  the  crowne,  for  wliich  I  have  been  a 
confessor  both  in  loss  of  my  estate  and  imprisonment  of  my  body."     The  monument  is  of  coarse 

*  Monast.  Exon.  pp.  35,  45. 

f  Upon  the  presentation  of  Arthur  Plantageuet,  natimil  son  of  Edw.  IV.  jure  nxoris. 

X  "  1632.  Obiit  EJvardus  Collins,  hujus  ecclesiiu  rector  an.  32,  15to  die  Juiiii,  et  sepnltns  fuit  in  sepulcro  patris  sni 
ilie  decimo  octavo  ejusdem."     (Par.  Keg.) 

§  The  dispensation  is  set  out  in  the  Parish  Register,  and  shows  that  he  succeeded  his  father  in  the  rectory,  and  that 
he  was  inducted  on  the  7th  August,  1632. 

II   See  Walker's  Stiffi'riiii/s  of  the  Cleryy,  p.  215. 

^  These  notes  also  occur:  "  In  July  1646  I  was  sequestrated  and  silenced  by  the  rebels,"  and  again  when  he  returned 
he  records,  "  After  fourteen  years  sequestration  from  July  1646  to  June  1660." 

**  As  late  as  1863  there  was  preserved  atTmthan  a  MS.  Diary  in  which  he  had  recorded  his  experience,  the  remedies 
employed,  their  failure  or  success,  with  the  habitat  of,  and  mode  of  preparing,  the  herbs  used. 

ft  "  1681.  Johannes  Collins  Reverendus,  hujus  ecdesia;  rector,  obiit  4'°  die  mensis  Junii,  et  sepaltus  fuit  in  sepulcro 
patris  sui  Edvitrdi  6">  die  ejusdem  mensis,  et  ajtatis  sua;  anno  septuagesimo  septimo."'     (Par.  Reg.) 

IX  Autograph  will  preserved  at  Exeter  Registry. 


FAMILY  HISTORY — COLLINS. 


227 


free  stone,  and  was  discovered  during  the  incumbency  of  the  Rev.  George  Treweeke,  plastered 
over,  in  the  place  indicated  above.  Sculptured  on  the  stone  are  the  figures  of  the  deceased  kneeling 
before  a  fald-stool,  upon  whicli  lies  an  open  book,  and  kneeling  behind  him  his  wife  and  two 
daughters.  Above  an  escutcheon  of  arms,  viz.  :  a  chevron  guttee  between  thi-ee  birds  (Collins)  ; 
impahng  tlu-ee  trees,  2  and  1  (Bray),  sm-mounted  by  an  Esquire's  helmet  and  a  crest:  a  bird 
rising  (see  engraving  below).     Beneath  an  inscription  which  has  been  printed  * 


Edward,  tJie  elder  brother  of  Dr.  John  Collins,  settled  at  Redrath.  He  had  two  sons. 
Edward,  the  yomiger,  took  holy  ordei's,  and  became  rector  of  PhiUack  and  Gwithian.  He 
married  a  niece  of  Jaspar,  and  granddaughter  of  Gregory,  Phillipps,  his  two  predecessors  in  the 
benefice,  both  of  whom  were  ejected  from  their  respective  parishes  during  the  interregnum,!  and 
had  several  children,  of  whom  John,  the  only  son  who  arrived  at  man's  estate,  also  took  orders, 
and  became  vicar  of  Constantine.  Ann,  the  eldest  daughter  of  Edward  Collins,  married  John 
Giddy,  and  became  the  grandmother  of  Davies  Gilbert  the  historian  of  Cornwall,  who  was  for 
many  years  one  of  the  representatives  in  Parliament  for  the  borough  of  Bodmin,  and  sometime 
President  of  the  Royal  Society. 

John  CoUins,  tlie  elder  son,  who  succeeded  to  his  father's  and  uncle's  estates,  lived  for  some 
time  at  Redruth ;  then  removed  to  Truro,  where  he  married  Mary,  daughter  of  Andrew 
May,  M.D.|  Finally,  Mr.  Collins  purchased  Treworgan  in  St.  Erme  of  John  Polwhele,  and 
there  seated  liimself.  He  was  sheriff'  of  Cornwall  in  1726,  and  died  in  1732,  leaving  two  sur- 
viving sons  and  a  daughter,  Mary,  who  married  Thomas  Polwhele  of  Polwhele,  the  grandfather 
of  Richard  Polwhele,  another  historian  of  Cornwall. 

Edward,  the  elder  son  of  John  Collins,  entered  Queen's  College,  Oxford,  in  1710,  but 
quitted  before  he  graduated  to  study  law  in  the  Temple  ;  preferring,  however,  the  priesthood,  he 

•  Hist.  Cornw.  vol.  ii.  ]).  225.  This  monument  is  re-crecte<l  in  tlic>  new  cluirili,  liut  the  stone  bearing  the  inscription 
has  been  detached  from  that  above  described. 

t  Walker's  .Siiffrrhii/s,  p.  327. 

I  Dr.  May  was  ]ir(ibably  related  to  John  May,  vicar  of  Newlyn,  and  Joseph  May,  vicar  of  St.  Neot  and  St.  Anstell, 
who  were  also  ejected  ^roni  their  benefices.    (Walker's  tiiifferingi,  p.  305.) 


228  PARISH  OF  BODMIX. 

retm-ned  and  took  his  degree  as  B.C.L.  in  1718,  and,  having  been  ordained,  became,  in  1722, 
\'icar  of  Breage  with  its  chapelries  of  Germoe,  Cury,  and  Gun-walloe,  and  in  1730  ^'iear  of 
St.  Erth,  where  he  resided  until  his  death  in  1755.  He  married  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Nicholas 
Kendall  of  Peljn,  clerk,  canon  of  Exeter  and  ai'chdeacon  of  Totnes,  by  Jane,  daughter  of 
Thomas  Cai-ew  of  HaiTobear,  son  of  Sir  Alexander  Carew  of  Antony,  Bart.,  grandson  of 
Eichard  Carew,  author  of  tlie  "  Survey  of  Cornwall."  Mr.  Collins  was  a  learned  divine  and 
scholar,  and  greatly  assisted  Dr.  Borlase  in  his  earlier  researches  for  his  Antiquities  of  Cornwall, 
assistance  frankly  acknowledged  by  Dr.  Borlase  himself,  who  says  of  Mr.  Collins :  "  the 
above-named  gentleman  was  generally  the  companion  of  all  antiquarian  inquiries,  and  his 
judicious  decision  was  as  frequently  a  check  in  some  disquisitions  as  it  was  a  leader  to  the  author's 
single  and  more  supei-fieial  animadversion  in  other  cases."*  Ill  health,  however,  and  other 
avocations,  prevented  him  from  contintung  his  assistance.  He  left  a  son,  John,  and  two  daughters ; 
Elizabeth,  who  married  Peter  Tippet,  and  Jane,  who  died  unmarried  at  Manaccan  1821,  nearly 
90  years  of  age.f  John,  his  son,  became  vicar  of  Ledbury,  co.  Hereford,  being  the  only 
instance  of  a  member  of  the  family  having  been  beneficed  out  of  Cornwall.  He  also  distinguished 
himself  as  a  man  of  letters  on  various  occasions.  J  He  married  his  first  cousin,  Mary,  only 
daughter  of  Walter  Kendall  of  Pelyn,  by  whom  he  had  a  son,  Edward,  and  several  daughters. 

Edward  Collins,  son  of  John  of  Ledbury,  graduated  in  the  facultj^  of  medicine.  He 
practised  first  at  Chichester,  and  afterwards  romo\ed  to  Exeter,  and  was  one  of  the  founders  of 
the  Literary  Listitution  of  that  city.  Dr.  Collins  died  at  the  residence  of  his  brother-in-law,  the 
Rev.  E.  Tippet,  at  St.  Erme,  in  1831,  s.  p.  and  thus  tliis  branch  became  extinct  in  the  male 
line. 

John  Collins,  second  son  of  John  Colhns  of  Treworgan,  was  also  of  Queen's  College, 
Oxford,  in  1725,  took  holy  orders,  and  became  rector  of  Redruth  in  1734,  on  the  presentation  of 
John  Pendarves  Basset,  Esq.  He  was  thrice  married :  first,  to  Mary,  eldest  daughter  of  Francis 
Basset  of  Tehidy,  Esq.  (whose  second  son  Francis  Basset  by  Margaret,  daughter  of  Sir  John 
St.  Aubyn  of  Clowance,  was  the  father  of  Francis  Lord  de  Dunstanville,)  by  Mai-gai-et,  only  child 
of  Jolm  Pendarves,  rector  of  Drewsteington,  Devon,  and  sole  heir  of  her  imcle  Alexander 
Pendarves  of  Rosccrow,  and  had  by  her  one  son,  John  Basset :  secondly,  Constance,  daughter  of 
Paul  Michell  of  Redruth,  by  whom  also  he  had  one  son,  Edward :  and,  tliirdly,  Ann,  daughter 

of Williams  of  Penzance.     During  his  incumbency  of  the  rectory  of  Redruth  in  1768 

he  rebuilt  the  church,§  and  subsequently  removed  to  Penhellick,  near  Truro. |1 

•  'Nichols'  Lit.  Anecdotes,  Yo\.  V.  294;  see  also  Polwhele's  Biog.  Sketches,  69,  71;  Davies  Gilbert's  Hist.  Cornrv. 
vol.  i.  353  et  seq.;  and  Gent.  Mag.  Sept.  1821.  ~~' 

t  A  memoir  of  this  lady  appeared  in  the  Gent.  Mag.  for  September  1821,  in  which  year  she  died  at  Manaccan 
vicarage,  the  residence  of  her  nephew  the  Rev.  Edward  Tippet. 

%  He  edited  a  posthumous  edition  of  Capel's  Shakespear  with  preface,  and  assisted  Whitaker  in  preparing  Tonkin's 
notes  for  the  press.  See  also  many  of  his  letters  in  Polwhele's  Traditions  and  Nichols's  Memoir  of  his  friend  Judge 
Hnrdlnge. 

§  Mr.  Collins  is  thus  noticed  by  Mr.  Wesley  in  his  Diary  under  the  date  of  11th  August,  1750,  at  Redruth  :  "  Mr.  Col- 
lins preached  an  exceeding  useful  sermon  at  church  upon  the  General  Judgment;"  and  again,  September  14,  1755,  "  Jlr. 
Collins  read  prayers  admirably  well  and  preached  an  excellent  sermon  on  '  Christ  also  suffered,  leaving  us  an  ensamplc.' " 

II  Davies  GUbcrt,  Hist.  CcrnK.  vol.  i.  p.  208. 


FAMILY  HISTORY — COLLINS.  229 

Edward,  son  of  John  Collins  of  Redruth  by  his  second  marriage,  founded  the  family  of 
Collins  of  Truthan,  in  St.  Erme.  Ho  was  Sheriff  of  Cornwall  in  1801,  as  was  his  son,  of  the  same 
name,  in  1830.  The  latter  entered  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  from  Eton,  in  1801,  and 
graduated  B.A.  in  180().  He  married  Elizabeth  daughter  of  Francis  Drake,  Minister  Plenipo- 
tentiary at  Munich,  and  died  in  185.5,  leaving  three  sons — Edward,  educated  at  Eton  and  St. 
John's  College,  Cambridge,  who  succeeded  his  father  at  Truthan  and  Newton  Ferrars  ;  Charles, 
educated  at  Eton  and  Merton  College,  Oxford,  who  was  killed  on  the  18th  March  1869,  by  a  fall 
from  his  horse  in  South  America,  leaving  no  issue ;  and  Digby,  educated  at  Eton  and  Trinity 
Hall,  Cambridge. 

By  his  third  marriage  Mr.  Collins  of  Redruth  had  two  sons;  Jeremiah,  who  in  1812  was 
curate  of  Ladoek,  afterwards  Perpetual  Curate  of  Cornelly,*  and  Charles,  both  of  whom  died 
without  issue,  and  also  a  daughter  Ann,  who  died  unmarried. 

John  Basset  Collins,  son  and  heir  of  John,  Rector  of  Redruth,  was  educated  at  Eton,  entereil 
Queen's  College,  Oxford,  in  1762,  and  proceeded  B.C.L.  in  1769.  He  gained  the  prize  for  a 
Latin  jioem,  which  was  recited  in  the  theatre, f  one  of  the  earliest,  if  not  the  earliest,  of  the 
Chancellor's  Prizes. J  He  was  instituted  into  the  Rectory  of  Camborne  upon  the  presentation  of 
the  guardians  of  his  first  cousin,  Francis  Basset,  afterwards  Lord  de  Dunstanville,  in  1771.  He 
married  first,  2nd  March  1772,  his  first  cousin  Catherine,  second  daughter  of  John  Enys  of  Enys, 
by  Lucy,  second  daughter  of  Francis  Basset  of  Tehidy,  who,  dying  in  childbed  the  same  j^ear,  he 
married,  secondly,  13th  June  1774,  Elizabeth,-  only  daughter  and  heir  of  George  Browne  of  Bodmin 
and  Trewardale.  He  resided  at  Nans  in  lilogan,  serving  that  parish  as  curate,  and  afterwards  at 
Glynn.  Whilst  at  the  latter  place  he  was  appointed  Perpetual  Cm-ate  of  Temple.  He  died  at  Glynn 
in  1790,  leaving  a  large  family. 

George  Francis,  his  son  and  heir,  inherited  his  father's  estates,  and  also,  by  demise,  the 
greater  part  of  those  of  his  maternal  grandfather,  in  compliance  with  whose  will  he  assumed  the 
surname  of  Browne  instead  of  that  of  Collins.  He  was  sometime  a  major  in  the  Roseland 
militia.  Having  joined  with  Mr.  Glynn,  Mr.  Pendarves,  afterwards  M.P.  for  the  county,  and 
others  in  establishing  the  "  North  Cornwall  Bank,"  its  failure  led  to  the  alienation  of  the  greater 
part  of  his  estates,  as  it  did  to  those  of  Mr.  Glynn,  though  some  portion  of  Mr.  Browne's  estates 
is  still  held  by  his  daughter,  Lucy,  widow  of  Henry  Hawkes,  together  with  other  lands  demised 
by  her  husband.  Mr.  Browne  resided  at  Tredidon,  near  Launceston,  and  afterwards  at  Woodlcy, 
which  he  built  on  his  manor  of  Hornacott.  He  died  in  London,  and  was  buried  at  Poundstock, 
where  he  also  had  a  residence  on  his  manor  of  Penhallyn,  and  is  represented  by  his  son,  John 
Collhis  Browne. 

*  This  geiitlciuiiu  was  the  first  in  the  county  who  set  down  his  name  as  a  subscriber  to  Lysons's  JJistory  of  C'oi-nicull, 
and  he  contributed  the  account  of  Ladoek  for  that  work.     Addl.  MS.  9420,  fo.  1,  and  9416,  fo.  340. 

+  Polwliele's  Tniditions,  vol.  i.  p,  68,  where  an  extract  is  given. 

X  Prizes  for  Latin  poems  were  first  instituted  (in  what  exact  year  is  not  recorded)  during  tlie  cliaiiccllorsliiii  of  Karl 
Lichfield  between  1762  and  1772;  the  earliest  preserved  dating  1768.  Mr.  Collins  continued  occasionally  to  write  Latin 
verse  down  to  the  time  of  his  death,  some  of  which  are  still  preserved  at  Trewardale. 

The  inseription  on  liis  first  wife's  monument  at  Illogan  is  from  his  own  pen.     (Polwhele's  Tmditiuiis.  vol.  i.  6'J,  197.) 

3n 


230  PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 

John  Collins,  second  son,  obtained  the  appointment  of  Resident  at  Salem,  in  India,  and  died 
at  Madras  in  1711,  s.p. 

Edward,  third  son,  entered  the  navy  in  1794,  and  served  with  some  distinction.*  He  mar- 
ried Mary,  eldest  daughter  of  Thomas  Carlyon  of  Tregrehan,  and  eventually  settled  at  Trewardale, 
where  he  died  in  1850,  s.p.  He  was  in  the  commission  of  the  peace,  and  a  deputy-lieutenant 
for  the  county. 

William,  fourth  son,  entered  the  army,  and,  serving  as  a  lieutenant  in  the  49th  regiment  in 
Canada,  lost  an  eye  from  frost  whilst  on  outpost  duty.  He  was,  consequently,  obliged  to  retire 
from  active  service,  and,  purchasing  Great  Lank,  the  old  seat  of  the  BiUings  in  St.  Breward, 
settled  there.  He  was  killed  in  18G0  by  the  fall  of  a  tree,  leaving  one  son,  William,  and  two 
daughters. 

Basset,  fifth  son,  entered  the  army,  and  served  during  the  Peninsular  Campaign  as  a  Cap- 
tain in  the  74th  Highlanders  in  "  Picton's  fighting  Division."  He  was  severely  wounded  in  the 
storming  of  Ciudad  Rodrigo  on  the  night  of  19  Jan.  1812, f  and  fell  in  the  "  heroic  assault"  J 
on  La  Picurina  fort,  the  key  of  Badajoz,  on  the  night  attack  under  "  the  intrepid  Shaw," 
25  March  1812. 

Thurstan,  the  sixth  son,  was  admitted  an  attorney-at-law,  and  practised  first  at  Bodmin  and 
afterwards  at  St.  Columh,  at  both  of  which  places  he  was  much  respected  in  his  profession.  He 
married  Caroline,  daughter  of  Peter  Goodman  Glubb,  by  Jane  eldest  daughter  of  Philip  Matthew 
of  Chudleigh  and  sister  of  the  Rev.  Charles  Matthew,  Vicar  of  Maldon,  Essex. 

Vernon,  the  youngest  son,  at  first  entered  the  army  and  served  in  the  74tli  Highlanders  in 

*  Edward  Collins  entered  as  a  midshipman  on  board  the  Ganges  on  16th  March,  1794,  and  was  shortly  afterwards 
wounded  while  assisting  at  the  captoi'e  of  the  French  ship,  "  Le  Jacobin."  He  served  in  various  ships  both  at  home  and 
on  foreign  stations  until  1800,  when  he  was  appointed  lieutenant  in  the  "Concorde"  frigate  under  Captain  Burton,  which 
engaged  and  compelled  to  surrender  a  French  fi-igate.  He  was  flag-lieutenant  to  Admirals  Su-  Thomas  Graves,  Sir 
Edward  Buller,  and  Su-  C.  V.  Pem-ose,  from  1805  to  1813.  He  had  command  of  the  "Martial"  sloop  from  23rd  Febmarj-, 
1814,  until  sent  home  with  despatches  in  that  year.  He  is  thus  mentioned  by  Admiral  Penrose  in  his  despatch  to  Lord 
Keith  on  25th  February,  1814:  "  I  had  also  despatched  my  flag-lieutenant  (Collins)  to  endeavour  to  land  and  walk  to  the 
army  at  the  entrance  of  the  Adour,  and  this  he  effected  with  great  risk  and  difficulty."  His  services  in  connection  with 
the  passage  of  the  Adour  are  thus  reported  by  Capt.  O'Reilly,  "  I  must  now  call  your  attention  to  the  exemplary  conduct 
of  Lieut.  Collins  of  the  '  Porcupine,'  who  had  the  whole  management  of  moving  the  bridge-boats,  and  to  whose  skill  and 
cnei"gy  the  army  is  entirely  indebted  for  the  state  of  forwardness  in  which  the  bridge  is  at  this  moment;  "  the  diflicnlties 
are  then  described.  Lieut.  Collins'  services  on  this  occasion  were  also  reported  to  Lord  Keith  by  Sir  C.  Penrose,  and 
acknowledged  by  Lord  Wellington  in  a  despatch  dated  St.  Sever,  March  1,  1814,  to  Sir  C.  V.  Penrose,  and  again  to  Earl 
Bathurst  on  the  same  date:  "  The  vessels  destined  to  form  the  bridge  (i.e.  on  the  Adoui-)  could  not  get  in  until  the  24th, 
when  the  difficult,  and  at  this  season  of  the  year  dangerous,  operation  of  bringing  them  in  was  effected  with  a  degree  of 

gallantry  and  skill  seldom  equalled.     Sir  J.  Hope  particularly  mentions  Capt.  O'Reilly and  Lieut.  Collins."     In 

the  instructions  given  to  Lieut.  Collins  on  his  appointment  to  the  "  Martial  "  Sir  Charles  Penrose  writes :  "  Whereas  there  is 
at  present  no  vessel  of  war  on  the  station  fi-om  hence  (Passages)  to  the  Adour,  and  as  from  the  zeal  and  judgment  so 
particularly  shown  by  you  in  the  late  transations  in  and  off  that  river,  I  have  the  greatest  reliance  on  your  conducting  that 
diflicult  duty  with  all  possible  advantage  to  His  Majesty's  service,  you  are,  &c.  &c."  (Original  Instructions  at  Trewardale.) 

t  See  Wellington's  dispatches  dated  respectively  Gallegos  20th  January,  1812,  and  Badajos  27th  March,  1812. 

J  Napier,  vol.  iv.  p.  107. 


FAMILY  HISTORY — COLLIKS.  231 

the  Peninsula,  where  lie  was  slightly  wounded.  He  afterwards  went  to  Exeter  College,  Oxford, 
but  shortly  after,  in  1813,  migrated  to  Sidney  Sussex,  Camb.,  and  took  LL.B.  in  1818.  He  was 
afterwards  admitted  to  Holy  Orders,  but  was  never  beneficed.  He  married  Harriet  daughter 
of  H.  Eawiings  of  Padstow,  by  whom  he  had  one  son,  Edward.  He  died  in  1848,  and  his  son 
in  1850. 

Of  the  present  generation  most  members  of  the  family  have  adopted  the  law  as  a  profession. 
John  Basset  Collins,  eldest  son  of  Thurstan  Collins,  succeeded  to  his  father's  business  as  a 
solicitor  at  Bodmin,  and  holds  the  appointments  of  Clerk  of  the  Lieutenancy  of  the  County  and 
Registrar  of  the  Court  of  the  Archdeaconry  ;  whilst  George  Browne,  tlie  fourth  son,  succeeded  his 
father  at  St.  Columb.  Thurstan,  the  third  son,  was  in  the  Ordnance  Department,  and  served  in 
the  Crimean  War  as  Assistant-Commissary  of  the  Field  Train  of  the  Artillery,  with  the  local  rank 
of  Captain.  He  died  in  Jersey,  Nov.  25,  1869.  Charles  Matthew  is  the  only  member  of  the 
family  now  in  Holy  Orders,  though  Edward  Vernon,  second  son  of  John  Basset  Collins  of 
Bodmin,  Acland  Exhibitioner,  Exeter  School,  is  studying  at  Exeter  College,  Oxford,  with  the 
intention  of  being  ordained.  The  Rev.  C.  M.  Collins,  also  of  the  same  college,  2nd  cl.  Lit.  Hum.* 
B.A.  1836,  M.A.  1839,  succeeded  his  uncle  by  bequest,  at  Trewardale  in  1850,  and  in  com- 
pliance Avith  his  wiU  assumed  the  additional  name  of  Edward  before  that  of  Collins.  He  married 
his  first  cousin  Lucy,  third  daughter  of  Captain  Prynue,  R.N.,t  and  has  issue  one  son,  Edward 
Charles,  born  9th  December,  185G.     Mi-.  Collins  is  in  the  commission  of  the  peace  for  the  comity. 

Ai-nis : 

According  to  Hals,  as  printed  by  Davies  Gilbert  J  (it  is  not  given  in  Hals'  own  printed 
work),  §  "  John  Collins  of  Treworgan  giveth  for  his  arms.  Sable,  a  chevron  goute  of  blood  argent 
between  three  Cornish  choughs  proper."  This  would  seem  to  be  correct,  as  it  agrees,  with  the 
exception  of  the  goute  of  the  chevron  (which  may  have  been  assumed  as  a  difference)  with  the 
arms  recorded  to  the  name  in  the  Heralds'  College,  The  birds  now  borne  are  understood  to  be 
doves.  The  error,  for  such  it  is  believed  to  be,  has  probably  arisen  fi-om  the  motto,  "  Volabo  ut 
requiescam  "  being  understood  to  apply  to  the  birds  on  the  escutcheon  instead  of  to  the  crest,  which 
is  a  dove  rising  proper. 

•  In  this  clas.s  that  year  were  the  two  present  representatives  in  Parliament  for  the  University:  the  Right  Hon.  J.  R. 
Mowbray  (then  Cornish),  and  the  Right  Hon.  Gathome  Hardy;  the  Rev.  F.  W.  Faber,  founder  of  the  Oratory  of  S.Philip 
Neri,  Brompton,  and  the  Rev.  George  Moyle  of  Bodmin. 

t  Capt.  Prynnc  gave  early  promise  of  great  distinction  in  the  navy,  and  had  much  active  service.  He  landed  in 
Egypt  with  the  army  nnder  Sir  Ralph  Abercromby,  and  served  with  it  until  the  capture  of  Grand  Cairo,  receiving  from 
the  Grand  Signor  a  gold  medal  for  his  services.  He  was  at  Trafalgar,  where  he  received  two  wounds.  After  his  marriage 
he  retired  from  active  service. 

t  Hist,  of  Cornm.  i.  396.  §  Hals'  Ilisf.  cf  Cornn:  p.  123. 


232 


PEDIGREE  OF  COLLINS  AND  BEOWNE 


Collins,  cir.  1480.=f ' 
.-I 


Edward  Collins,  Clerk,  Rector  of^-  ■ 
Illogan.    Inst.  1.5  June.  153.S.     | 

1 1 

Richard  Thomas  Collins,  Clerk,=p-' 
Rector  of  nioiian.   Inst.  13  Mar.  I 
1558-9;  biu-.  L'3  March,  1587.*      | 

1 ' 

Edward  Collins,  Clerk;   bnried=p' 
18  Jnue,  1605.*  I 


Edward  Collins,  Clerk,  Rector  of: 
Illoo-an.  Inst.  101)0;  Inu".  1 S  Jime, 
l();iL',  in  sepnlcro  patris  sui.* 


Edward=FGrace, 


Collins 
of  Re- 
tlruth. 


dau. 

of 

Cooke. 
Will 
dated 
15  Nov. 
1675. 
ProT.  in 
Archd. 
Court 
of  Corn- 
wall. 


Jane, 
mar. 
Fran- 
cis 

Heai'le, 
Rector 
of  St. 
Erme. 


John  Collins,: 
Oerk,  D.D., 
Rector  of  nio- 
gan.  Inst.  7 
Aug.  1632 ; 
depriv.  July, 
1646;  restored 
Juue,  1660: 
bm-.  1684  in 
sepulcro  pa- 
tris sni  Ed- 
vardi.   M.  I. 


Edward    Collins,    Clerk.=pAnna, 


T' 


^Vnn,da. 

of  Hen. 

Bray  of 

Tre- 

swith- 

an ;  died 

1700. 

Adni. 

granted 

to  her 

brother 

Arthur 

Brav. 


Ent.  King's  Coll.  Camb. 
8  July,  "1680;  migrat. 
to  Pemb.  25  Jan.  1683, 
B.A.  1683,  M.A.  1687. 
Inst,  to  rectory  of  Phil- 
lack  and  Gwithian  1690. 


-r 


dau.  of 

John 

Phil- 

lipps, 

23  Feb. 

1690. 


John  Collins  of  Trewor- 
gan,  in  St.  Ernie;  She- 
riff of  Cornwall  1726 : 
died  1732.  Will  proved 
Archd.  Court  of  Corn- 
wall 30  Aug.  1733. 


John  Col- 
lins, mat. 
Pemb.  Coll. 
Camb.,  19 
Dec.  1713, 
B.A.  1717, 
M.A. 1721; 
ordained  2 1 
Sept.  1719. 
Inst.  Vicar 
of  Constan- 
tine  1734; 
ob.  s.  p. 


I 


:Mai-y,  dau. 
of  Andrew 
May  of  Tru- 
ro, il.D.,  by 
Grace,  dau. 
of  JohnEuys 
of  Enys. 


MaiT, 

bom 

16G8; 

bui-. 

1683.* 


Anne, 

Jane. 

Jo- 

Mary, mar. 

Edward  Col-=f 

bapt. 

mar. 

han- 

Richard 

lins.     Clerk. 

31  Aug. 

1736 

na, 

Polwhele 

Ent.  Queen's 

1699; 

Wil- 

mar. 

of  Pol- 

Coll.   Oxon, 

mar. 

liam 

1739 

whele, 

1710;  B.C.L. 

John 

Gid- 

Wil- 

and was 

1718.      Inst. 

Giddy, 

dy. 

liam 

grand- 

Vicar of 

grand- 

Glo- 

mother of 

Breage  with 

father 

ver, 

Richard 

Geimoe 

of 

Rec- 

Polwhele. 

Ciu-y  and 

Davies 

tor  of 

Hist,  of 

Gunwalloe 

Gilbert, 

Phil- 

Devon  and 

1722;  Vicar 

21  Sept. 

lack. 

Cornwall. 

of    St.   Erth 

1731. 

1730;  mar. 
22  Jnlv, 
1731;  died 
17.-..5. 

^Elizabeth,  dau. 
of  Nicholas 
Kendall  of  Pe- 
IjTi,  Clerk,  Ca- 
non of  Exon  and 
Archd.  of  Tot- 
nes,  by  Jane, 
dau.  of  Thomas 
Carew  of  Har- 
robear,  son  of 
Sir  Alex.  Carew 
of  Antony,  Bt. ; 
born  19  Aug. 
1701;  died  30 
Nov.  1749:  bur. 
at  Samt  Erth. 
JI.  I. 


Constance,  • 
dau.  of 
Paul 

Michell  of 
Redruth: 
2nd  wife. 

Anne,da.=T= 
of 

Williams 
of  Pen- 
zance; 
3rd  wife. 


:Johu  Collins,: 
Clerk,  Rector 
of     Redruth, 
2nd  son.  Ent. 
Queen's  Coll. 
Oxon  4  May, 
1725  ;    B.A. 
1728,    MA. 
1731,  Deac(m 

1733,  Prie.st 

1734.  Inst,  to 
Rectory  of 
Redruth 
1734;  died 
1755. 


Ann, 

bora 

1670; 

bur. 

1677. 


:Maiy, 

dau.  of 

Francis 

Basset 

of  Tc- 

Uidv; 

1st' 

wife; 

died 

1743. 

M.I.* 


John  Collins.:^Marv,         Jane,        Eliza-  ^Peter         Jeremiah        Cliarles 


born  28  Sept. 
1741;    ed.   at 
Eton;   B.C.L. 
as  Grand 
Compounder 
Queen's  Coll. 
Oxon,  3  Mar. 
1766:  Vicar  of 
Ledbury  in  CO. 
Hereford;    d. 
at  Penryn  20 
Mar.  1797; 
bur.ll 


only 

bom 

dau. of 

16 

Walter 

May, 

Ken- 

1733; 

dall  of 

died 

Pelvn; 

un- 

mar. 

mar. 

1769:11 

at 

died  8 

Man- 

Nov. 

accan 

1781, 

1821. 

at.  36; 

bur.ll 

beth, 

bom 

17 

July, 

1737; 

mar.  7 

Sept. 

1758: 

died  at 

Bath. 


Tip- 
pett. 
Collec- 
tor of 
Cus- 
toms at 
Truro ; 
mar. 
7  Sept. 
1758. 


Collins 
Clerk, 
Scholar 
of  Baliol 
Coll. 
Oxon, 
1792; 
B.A. 
1795; 
P.C.  of 
Corn- 
nelly;  died 
1853  s.  p. 


Colhns, 
died 
s.p.; 
bur.  at 
St.  Erme. 


Anne, 

died 

unmar. 


Edward^ 
Collins 
of  Tru- 
than, 
bom  21 
April, 
1747: 
Sheriff 
of  Corn- 
wall 
1801; 
died 
15  Sept. 
1827. 


:Mai'y, 
dan.  of 
Richard 
Thomas, 
and  sole 
heir  of 
her  great 
uncle 
Richard 
Thomas 
of  Tre- 
theake. 


I 


OF  BODMIN  AND  TREWARDALE. 


233 


Bennett  Browne  of  Gwinear,^- 
boni  cir.  1580.  I 


Vernon  Bnnnie  of  Gwinear,^Anne,  dan.  of  Henry  Bennallacke 
sometime  of  Ladock,  gent.,  I  of  Ladock.  married  at  Ladock,  20 
son  and  hcii-,  bapt.  IGIO.J         |  April,  1632. 

. , . 1 r- , 


Jane,     Mary, 
bapt.      bapt. 
16104  1611.: 


WiUiam= 
Browne, 
son  and 
heir, 
bapt. 
1644,t 
of  Tre- 
wardale. 


flouonr, 
dan.  of 
George 
S])ry  of 
Blisland, 
mar.  1679. 
See  pedi- 
gree of 
Spry, 
History  of 
Blisland, 
p.  73. 


Vernon, 

ba|>t. 

IGIO.J 


Michael,=Elizabeth,   dau. 


bapt. 
lG47.t 


of     This 

tlethwaite,  and 
reliet  of  Robert 
Robyns  of  Tre- 
wardale.  See 
ped.  of  Robyns, 
History  of  Blis- 
land, p. 85;  mar. 
at  St.  Tudy  7 
July,  1687;  "2nd 
wife. 


Mary,    Eliza- 
bapt.      beth, 
1619.t  bapt. 
1650.^ 


EUza- 
beth, 
bapt. 
1653. 


Grace, 

bapt. 

1680.t 


Phi- 

lippa, 
bapt. 
IGSl.f 


Ann, 
bapt. 
1683 ;t 
bur. 

noo.t 


Honour, 

bapt. 

1682.t 


William  Browne- 
of  Bodmin  and 
Trewardale,  bapt. 
1681;t  bu.  1750.t 


^Elizabeth,  dau.  of 
Robert  BuUoek  of 
Bodmin  and  coheir 
of  her  brother  Ri- 
chard Bullock;  m. 
1713.  See  ped.of 
Bdllock,  ante. 


I 
Marj', 
bapt. 
1723 ;t 
bur. 
1732.t 


George  Browne^^Mary, 


of  Bodmin  and 
Trewardale, § 
2nd  son  ;   bapt. 
27   Jan.   17.;8;§ 
bur.  8  June, 
17!1.-..t     Will 
proved  in  I're- 
rog.  Court, 
Canterbury, 
13  Feb.  17'J6. 


dau.  of 


Hamley 
of  Bod- 
min; 
mar.  IG 
Dec. 
1754.§ 


William  Browne- 
of  Trewardale, 
son  and  heir; 
bapt.  4  Oct. 
17I5.§     Settled 
in  London  as  an 
attoniey;  bur. 
17G2.t 


Catherine  ,= 
dau.  of 
John  Enys 
of  Enys  by 
Mary,  2nd 
dau.  of 
Francis 
Basset  of 
Tcbidy; 
mar.  1772 
and  died 
1772.=r 
Lucy,  died 
in  in- 
fancy. 


=John  Bassett= 
Collins,  Clerk, 
son  and  heir; 
cd.  at  Eton 
and  entered 
Queen's  Coll. 
Oxon  1762; 
B.C.L.  1769. 
Inst.  Rector 
of  Caml)onie 
1771;  died  22 
June,  1790; 
bur.t 


Elizabeth, 
bom  1737; 
mar. 
Edward 
Hobl3Ti  of 
Bodmin 
29  Mar. 
17C0.§ 


=Elizabeth, 
ilau.  and 
heir; 
bapt.  30 
Dec. 
1755  ;§ 
mar. 
1774  ;§ 
bur. 
1837.t 


William= 
Browne 
of  Kirby 
Street, 
Hatton 
Garden, 
London, 
Solici- 
tor. 


— r- 

Eliza- 
beth, 
bapt. 
1686;t 
bur. 
1705.t 


— I 

Ver- 
non, 
bapt. 
1687 ;t 
bur. 
1707 1 
v.p. 


Mary, 

bapt. 

1688.t 


George, 
bapt. 
1690; t 
ob.  v.p. 


I 

Mary, 

bom 

1741. 


3o 


234 


PARISH  OF  BODMIN. 


Edward  Collins 

bapt.    at     Led-  bapt. 

bury   25th  Jan.  27 

1779,  Fell.  Com-  Jan. 

moner  of  Pemb.  1772; 

College,  Camb.;  died 

M.B.1808.Prae-  4  Aug. 

tised  as  a  phy-  1847; 

sician  at  Exon  ;  bur.|j 
died  unmar.   at 
St.  Ewe  14  Aug. 
1831. 


Grace,  Eliza-^Ed- 


beth, 
bapt. 
2  Oct. 
1773. 


ward 

Pown- 

all. 


Har- 
riet, 
bapt. 
Sth 
Jan. 
1775; 
died 
lith 
May, 
1803; 
bur.ll 


Char- 
lotte, 
bapt. 
10th 
Nov. 
1776: 
died  3 
Mar. 
1844: 
bnr.ll 


Mar^- 
Anne, 
bapt. 
Led- 
bury, 
3rd 
April, 
1770. 


=FEd-  Cle-  Edw;u-d  Col- 
ward  ment,  lins,  son  and 
Tip-  died  heir,  bom  7 
pett,  in  in- 
Rec-  fancy, 
tor  of 


St. 
Al- 
len. 


Sept.  1782. 
Ed.  Eton; 
matric.  St. 
John's  Coll. 
Camb.;B.A. 
1800  ;  She- 
riff of  Corn- 
wall 1830; 
died  1855. 


Elizabeth, 
2nd  dan.  of 
Francis 
Drake,  Mi- 
nist.  Pleni- 
po.  at  Mu- 
nich,by  Eli- 
zabeth,dau. 
of  Sir  Her- 
bert Mack- 
worth,  Bart. 


— I 
I 
Mary, 
died 
nn- 


George  Francis=pLucy, 
Collins,  son  and     dan. 
heir,  b.  21  April,     of 
1725 ;    assumed 
the     name     of 
Browne     under 
the  will  of  his 
maternal  grand- 
father ;        died 
1839;     bur.    at 
Ponndstock. 


Meers; 

1st 
wife. 


.John 
Col- 
lins, 
bom 
1778; 
died 
at 

Ma- 
dras 
7Feb. 
1811 
s.p. 


Bastaid^John  Edward^Caro-   Edward  Col- 


Sau- 
marez 
Eliza- 
beth 
Collins, 
only 
dan. 


Wil- 

Tip- 

liams 

pett. 

of 

Clerk, 

Pen- 

Pet. 

riTi, 

Coll. 

Soli- 

Camb. 

citor. 

B.A. 

1834. 

line,  lins  of  Tru- 
da.  of  than,  son  and 
John  heir;  bom  2 
Chil-  Dec.  1833. 
cottof  Ed.  at  Eton 
Tm-  and  St.  John 
ro.  Coll.  Camb. ; 
unmar. 


^ 


Charles  Col- 
lins, bapt.  8 
Mav.  1835. 
Ed."  at  Eton 
and  Merton 
Coll.   Oson; 

mar 

dau.  of  Eer. 

Gee  of 

Paignton : 
died  18  Mar. 
1869  s.  p. 


II  I  .  . 

Digby  Col-  John    Col-=pGrace,  Lucy,    George.-pJane  'William^- 
lins,  bom  7  linsBrowne 
Sept.  1836.   of  the 


Ed.  at  Eton 
and  TrinitT 
Hall.Camb. 
now  of  Lon- 
don. 


"  Crows' 
Nest,"  near 
Launces- 
ton,  Attor- 
ney-at- 
Law. 


William  Cro- 
ker,  died  1858 
8.  p. 


dan.  mar. 

of  Henry 

Major  Hawkes, 

Croker  Attor- 

of  ney-at- 

TaTi-  Law. 
stock. 


George  Francis  Collins 
Browne,  settled  in  New 
Zealand :  eldest  son. 


Collins 
of  Great 
Lanke, 
son  and 
heir; 
bapt. 
22  Not. 
1807 ;t 
living 
1870. 


».< 


dau. 
of 


] 
Eliza- 
beth, 
bapt. 
1809,t 
mar. 
Geo. 
Blew- 
et. 


Adelaide,  mar.  James 
Deacon,  and  has  issne 
a  son. 


I 


PEDIGREE  OF  COLLINS  AND  BROWNE. 


235 


!  i- 

Edward  Collins  William^Cathc- 
of    Trewardale,   Collius 
born  1779,  Com-   of  Groat 


Bander  R.N.; 
married  Maiy, 
eldest  dan.  and 
colieir  of  Tho- 
mas Carlyou  of 
Tregrehan ;  d. 
12  Jan.  1S50; 
bur.t 


Lanke ; 
born 
17S3; 
bur. 

ISGO.t 


rmc, 
dan. 
of 

Cock. 


—I 

I 
Basset- 
born 
1785; 
Capt. 
74tli 
Foot: 
killed 
at  Ba- 
dajoz 
s.p. 


Thms-; 

tan 

Collins 

of  St. 

Co- 

Inmb., 

bom 

17S7; 

d.  28 

Sept. 

18(iO; 

bur.t 


^Caroline,  dan. 
of  Peter 
Goodman 
Glubb,  liy 
Jane,  dan.  of 
Philip  Mat- 
thew of 
Chudleijih; 
bom  1790; 
mar.  1813; 
died  lSo3.t 


I 
Vemon  Col- 
lins, Clerk, 
born  1789; 
bapt. 

1794 ;t  of 
Sidney 
Sussex 
Coll.  Camb. 
LL.B.  1818: 
died  1848. 


^Harriet,   Mary,   Eliza-    Lucy, 
dau.  of     born      beth       bom 


Henry 
Raw- 
lings  of 
Pad- 
stow. 


22 

Nov. 

1776; 

mar. 

Geo. 

John 

Blew- 

ett. 

I 


Fran-     1786; 
ces,bo.  mar. 
1781 ;     Capt. 
mar.       I'arkjm.s  died 
Joseph  Prynne.  inf. 
Ham- 
ley  of 
Bod- 


I  1 

Ca-   Marv. 
the- 
rinc, 
bom 
1782, 


John 

Har- 

Browne 

riet, 

of  Pol- 

m.  Dr. 

■n-yn. 

Henrv 

near 

Clnt- 

Hel- 

ter- 

ston: 

buck 

died 

of 

1853 

Lon- 

s.p. 

don: 

died 

1852. 

_1_ 


JIary, 

bajit'. 

ISIl; 

mar. 


Lau- 
rence 
of 
Lis- 
kcard. 


JohnBas-= 

set  Collins 
of  Bod- 
min, born 
17  Jan. 
1814;  son 
and  heir, 
Solicitor, 
&e. 


1 

^Elizabeth  Avis  Charles  Matthew^ 
Scobell,  only  Collins,  elk.  b.  5 
surviving  child  Feb.  181.");  B.A. 
of  Rich.  Cun-  Exon  Coll.  Oxon, 
naek  of  Peu-  1836;  M.A.  1839; 
Dea.  and  Priest 
1840 ;  took  tlie 
additional  name 
of  Edward  under 
the  will  of  his 
uncle  Capt.  Ed- 
wiu'd  Collins. 


zance  by  Eliza- 
beth, liau.  of 
Georire  Pender 
Scobell,  Rector 
of  Sancreed ; 
bom  27  Feb. 
1812;  mar.  13 
April,  1841. 


Lney, 
dau.  of 
Capt. 
Par- 
kyns 


Thurs-  ^Tr\-. 


tan  Col- 
lins of 
theOrd. 
Dept.; 


Prynne,  born 


R.N. 


12  Feb. 
1816; 
died  at 
Jersey 
25  Nov. 
18G9. 


u 


phosa, 

dau.  of 

Earth. 

Parker 

of 

Wink- 

leigh, 

CO. 

Devon. 


1 1 — 

George  i-Anna    Caro- 

Browne 

Collins 


of  St. 

Co. 

lumb ; 

born 

23 

Mav, 

1817. 


Eliza- 
Snsan,  line        beth, 
2nd        Glubb.  mar.  J. 


dau. 
of  Rev. 
Fran- 
cis 
Cole, 
Vicar 
of  St. 
Issey. 


thew 


Gil- 
bert 
Chil- 
eott, 
Soli- 
citor, 
Truro. 


Mary  Jane 
Seli-  Mat 
na, 
mar. 
John 
Luke 
Peter, 
Soli, 
eitor, 
Red- 
ruth. 


— I 
Ann, 
mar. 
her  first 
cousin 
Major 
Pi'jTine. 
R.M.L.I. 


I 

Ed- 
ward 
Col- 
lins, 
died 
1850. 


John  Richard 
Collins,  son 
and  heir,  bo. 
13Nov.  1843,§ 
Attorney-at. 
Law:  m.  Jean, 
only  child  of 
John  llichens 
of  Bodmin. 


Elizabeth 

Melonic 

Scobell, 

born 

29  June. 

1845.5 


Caro- 
line 


Edward   Bessie 
Vcmon,   Con- 


Ellen,   boiTT 
born      25  Dec. 


13 

April, 
1847.1 


1849; § 
now  of 
Exeter 
Coll. 
Oxon. 


nock, 

bom 

4Jnnc, 

1854.§ 


Har- 
riet 
Raw- 
lings, 
born 
4  May, 
1857.§ 


Edward 

Charles 

Edward 

Collins, 

onlv 

child; 

bom 

9  Dec. 

1856.t 


I 
Try- 
phosa 
Parker, 
bom  12 
April, 
1853. 


— 1 

I 
Thurs. 
tan, 
bom 
4  Dec. 
1855. 


— I 

I 
Caro- 
line 
Glubb 
Ma- 
thew, 
born 
26 

Julv, 
18C1. 


I 
Annie 
Jane 
South - 
combe, 
born 
6  July, 
1 863. 


Caro-    Annie 
line        Ber- 
Edith,  tha, 
bom      born 
1852.f  1855.f 


Thurs- 

tan, 
born 

1857.f 


George     Mary, 
Vemon,   bom 
born  1865.f 

1861.f 


*  At  lUogan. 
t  At  Blisland. 


t  At  Gwincar. 
§  At  Bodmin. 


II  At  Lanlivcry. 
f  At  St.  ColmnI). 


236 


POMEROY. 

This  family  was  settled  at  Fowey  as  merchants  in  the  reign  of  Charles  I.  Hals  speaks  of 
Mr.  Pomeroy  as  being,  in  his  time,  besides  Mr.  Treffry,  one  of  the  chief  inhabitants  of  that  town. 
They  afterwards  lived  at  Pinneck  in  the  parish  of  Fowey,  and  appear  to  have  become  residents  at 
Bodmin  upon  the  marriage  of  John  Pomeroy  with  Elizabeth  daughter  of  John  Pennington, 
Mayor  of  Bodmin  in  1732.  This  marriage  took  place  about  1750,  and  John  Pomeroy  became 
Mayor  in  1766,  and  he  again  served  the  office  in  1783.  He  died  in  1799,  leaving  one  son  John 
Pomeroy,  and  two  daughters, — Elizabeth  wife  of  Hoblyn  Peter  of  Percothan,  and  Sarah  wife  of 
WiUiam  Hamley  of  Bodmin  surgeon,  to  each  of  which  daughters  he  made  devises  in  his  will.  * 

John,  son  of  John  Pomeroy,  was  baptized  at  Bodmin  15th  January  1753.f  In  the  lease  of 
Bodmin  Priory  granted  in  1766  |  to  his  relative  William  Pennington  he  is  named  as  one  of  the 
lives,  and  is  described  as  being  then  twelve  years  of  age.  He  matriculated  at  Oxford  in  1771,  and 
seven  years  afterwards  was  instituted  to  the  Vicarage  of  Bodmin.  In  1779  he  married  Margaret 
daughter  of  Robert  Lydston  Newcombe  of  Exeter,  Esq.§  by  whom  he  had  an  only  child  named 
Elizabeth  Pennington,  baptized  at  Bodmin  23rd  October  1780,  who,  in  1803,  ||  married  William 
Tamlyn  of  New  Court,  co.  Devon,  gent.  In  1784,  Mr.  Pomeroy,  described  as  "  John  Pomeroy, 
junr.  clerk,"  became  the  purchaser  of  "  that  newly  erected  dwelling  house  wherein  Walker  Hobbsj 
gent,  deceased,  heretofore  lived."  He  appears  to  have  been  Mayor  of  Bodmin  in  1803,  and  again 
in  1811.  In  1809  he  was  instituted  to  the  Rectory  of  Lesnewth,  and  on  17th  August  1813  died 
suddenly  whilst  preparing  to  perform  Divine  Service  in  Bodmin  Chm-ch  in  the  presence  of  the 
Judges  of  Assise. 

Arms. — No  pedigree  of  this  family  was  registered  at  the  Heralds'  Visitation  of  1620.  Tlie 
Author  has  in  his  collection  many  deeds,  ranging  from  the  early  part  of  the  seventeenth  centmy 
to  1803,  to  Avhich  members  of  the  family  were  parties,  but  not  one  of  them  is  executed  with  an 
armorial  seal ;  but  on  the  monument  of  the  Rev.  John  Pomeroy,  vicar  of  Bodmin,1[  are  di.splayed 
the  ancient  arms  of  Pomerai  or  Pomeroy :   Or,  a  lion  rampant  within  a  bordm'e  gules. 


There  have  been  from  time  to  time  resident  in  Bodmin  members  of  several  families  of 
territorial  distinction  in  other  parishes  within  the  Deanery  of  Trigg  Minor — of  these  we  may 
mention  Hext  and  Hamley,  notices  of  which  will  be  given  under  St.  Mabyu,  Hoblyn  under 
Egloshayle,  and  Opye  under  Holland. 

*  Proved  in  Archd.  Court,  6  Dec.  1799.  f  Par.  Registers. 

t  See  ante.  §  Mar.  settlement  dated  27  January,  1779. 

II  Mar.  settlement  dated  23  May,  1803,  in  the  Author's  collection.  ^  See  Monuments,  No.  22. 


f 


I 


237 
APPENDIX  I. 


Sir,— I  !:cnt  if  a  let'  per  last  Wednesday's  post,  u'''  /  hope  came  to  yo'  hatid.  In  it  I  told  you  I  would 
send  you  a  pcqf  of  a  late  discovery  of  Witchcraft,  which  I  noiv  do.  You  shall  hear  again  from  me  assonn 
as  our  Markets  give  me  occasion.     I  hope  you  I  not  take  this  ill  from  your  Inimhlc  Servant, 

Marrh  30,  1700.  J-  W. 

I  am  of  y'  mindc  that  this  may  he  no  Witchcraft,  hat  then  you  must  grant  me  that  there  arc  (as  the 
ancients  say  there  were)  nympths  of  y'  ivoods,  of  «•'''  we  have  heard  but  little  this  age,  that  has  com  to  my 
knowledge,  nor  do  I  rememh'  that  Lock  Marlhranch  or  any  of  our  sergers  after  truth  have  serch  y'  woods 
or  waters  for  these  spectrums.  But  y'  consideration  of  this  Witchery  Jias  moved  a  Maggot  in  my  Noddle  to 
send  you  something  in  a  little  time  that  may  occasion  some  one  better  qualified  to  consider  further  of  it* 

Mr.  John  Houghton, 

Fellow  of  the  Royal  Society, 
At  the  Golden  Fleece, 

In  Gracious  Street, 
London. 

A  True  and  Impartial 
Account 
of  the 
Dark  and  Hellisli  Power  of  Witclicraft 
Lately  exercised  on  the  Body  of  the  Eeverend 
Mr.  Wood  Minister  of  Bodmyn  : 
In  a  letter  fruni  a  Gentleman  there,  to  his  Friend  in  Ex'on, 
together  \Yith 
A  true  Copy  of  a  letter  from  Mr.  Wood  to  his  uncle  in  Exon,  in  confir- 
mation thereof. 
8in, — I  Received  yours,  &c.   (Business,  &c.)     And  now,  Sir,  I  will   entertain  you  with  a  slrangc 
Relation,  and  yet  not  stranger  than  true,  concerning  that  dark  and  much  talked  of  Power  of  Witchcraft 
(which  my  Landlord  and  your  Friend   Mr.  Wood   (now  Minister  of  Bodmyn)  hath  lately  lain  under)  ns  I 
think  this  Age  hath  produced. 

On  Thursday  the  18  January,  about  0  at  night,  Mr.  AVood  gocth  suddainly  from  tlie  Itncjni  we  were  in, 
and  having  wanted  (sic)  a  considerable  time,  and  l)eing  looked  for,  his  young  Daughter  came  crying  t(j  me, 
That  she  heard  her  Father  Groaning  in  the  Closet ;  ui)on  which  I  took  a  candle,  went  in,  and  found  liini  on 
his  Knees  in  the  Dark,  leaning  on  the  Window,  being  Speechless  ;  with  some  help  I  lifted  him  up,  but  with 
such  dreadful  kind  of  Struglings  as  would  afiighten  one,  still  looking  aliout  and  staring  towards  the 
Window  (his  Wife  said  she  doubted  he  had  seen  an  Apparition)  ;  from  thence  we  removed  him  to  his 
chamber,  after  which  it  was  nigh  half  an  Hour  before  he  regained  his  Speech,  and  not  his  Reason  in  nigh 
double  the  time ;  and  then  the  first  words  were,  Oh !  the  Paper,  the  Paper,  the  Paper,  Where  was  the 
Paper  ?  Look  fur  the  Paper;  in  such  Passion,  as  scarcely  can  be  represented.  I  judged  it  to  he  the  Conse- 
(juence  of  a  strong  Convulsive  Fit  that  had  affected  his  Brain;  and  yet  I  observed  did  talk  in  all  other  things 
*  This  letter  is  written  in  MS.  on  the  printed  copy,  and  is  addressed  as  above. 

3p 


238  APPENDIX. 

as  sensibly  as  at  other  times:  When  I  observed  him  restored  to  his  Parts,  I  asked  liini  what  he  meant  by 
tlie  Paper;  he  told  me  many  times,  and  affirming  it,  That  a  Man  and  a  Woman  on  Horse-back  had  opened 
the  Casement  of  the  said  Closet  (which  I  found  open,  the  window  being  low  and  nigh  the  way)  and  reached 
him  a  Paper  in  his  Hand,  tvhich  he  had  missed,  and  thereon  fell  into  this  Disorder.  And  I  must  say,  that  I 
have  a  strong  Notion,  that  when  I  came  first  to  him  in  the  Closet,  I  saw  a  Paper  in  his  Hand,  or  rather  as 
it  were  dropping  from  his  Hand,  I  cannot  be  absolutely  positive,  being  in  such  a  Surprize,  but  it  had  that 
Impression  and  Assurance  on  me,  that  I  spent  next  Day  some  time  in  looking  for  it  among  the  scattered 
Papers  in  the  Closet :  I  stayed  with  him  that  Night  'till  he  slept,  which  was  about  One  of  the  Clock;  the 
next  day  I  spent  with  him,  and  found  him  the  same  Man  as  ever  he  had  been,  and  we  seriously  discours'd 
the  Matter  over  again.  He  positively  insisted  on  what  he  had  said  Over-night ;  and  with  all.  told  me  it 
made  him  very  thoughtful,  and  so  I  observed  him  to  be :  from  which  time,  Mr.  Wood  hath  been  at  Night 
in  his  Bed  several  times  strangely  disordered.  And  now,  Sir,  I  shall  come  to  convincing  Demonstrations, 
that  this  was  a  real  and  no  fancied  Thing. 

On  Ash- Wednesday  last  in  the  Afternoon,  about  Two  or  Three  of  the  Clock,  Mr.  Wood  went  to  walk 
about  some  Ground  he  had,  a  mile  distant  from  the  Town,  and  in  the  first  Field  he  met  with  two  Men,  and 
away  travels  with  them,  how,  or  where,  he  could  not  tell;  but  at  length  they  came  to  a  place  where  they 
passed  through  a  Gate  by  a  River  into  a  Meadow,  where  on  the  side  of  the  Hill  adjoyning  were  Chark- 
Cole-Pits  (I  mention  this  because  it  exactly  agrees  with  a  Place  called  Ladi/  Vale,  in  a  Dcsart  kind  of 
Bottom  environ'd  with  Woods,  about  a  miles  distance  from  Mr.  Wood's  Ground).  He  having  been  wanting 
some  considerable  time  from  Ms  House,  and  his  Family  under  sad  Apprehensions  about  him,  sent  the  Town 
over  to  enquire  after  him  ;  and,  it  being  now  almost  Nine  of  the  Clock  at  Night,  on  suddain,  in  a  most  pre- 
posterous manner,  he  conies  into  his  House  all  in  a  Sweat,  runs  np  the  Stairs,  calls  for  a  Candle  and 
hurries  himself  into  his  Closet,  being  followed  by  his  Family,  where  in  the  Window  lay  a  single  Paper, 
which  he  takes  in  his  Hand. 

For  thus  it  happened,  That  being  conducted  to  the  aforesaid  Place,  he  there  met  with  a  Company  of 
Men  and  Women  (at  least  in  such  Appearances)  to  the  Number  of  about  Twenty,  as  he  conjectures ;  and 
then  after  some  time  sat  down,  and  he  among  them,  round  the  Brink  of  a  Chark  Cole  Pit :  there  goeth 
down  to  the  Bottom  of  it  a  Man  and  two  Women,  who  took  forth  a  Paper  Book  and  fell  to  Writing,  the 
Women  sitting  a  little  behind  each  Shoulder  of  him.  Mt.  Wood  remembers  all  the  particulars,  though 
under  a  heavy  Calamity  and  Affliction  of  Mind,  and  still  thinking  on  the  Paper  that  was  reached  him  into 
the  Window  of  his  Closet,  and  that  he  had  it  from  the  Man  writing  beneath.  But  on  a  suddain  Heaven 
sends  him  Eelief,  for  chancing  to  cast  his  Eye  about,  he  espyed  a  little  Boy  coming  up  the  Hill,  by  whose 
Countenance  as  he  came  nigh  him,  he  should  have  judged  him  to  be  about  seven  or  eight  Years  of  Age; 
and  being  espyed  by  this  Hellish  Cabal,  they  on  a  suddain  all  rose  up  (^and  I  irith  them,  says  Mr.  Wood) 
and  remembers  the  Women  below  to  jog  the  man  on  his  Shoulders  who  was  Writing,  as  if  to  hasten  him 
away ;  and  accordingly  all  Three  came  to  the  Top  of  the  Pit,  and  immediately  making  a  confused  Clutter- 
ing Noise,  went  down  the  Hill  and  disappeared. 

Mr.  Wood  assures  me.  That  at  the  first  sight  of  the  little  Boy  (though  en^-ironed  with  those  Hags)  he 
found  Relief  and  Ease  of  Mind  ;  who  now  being  left  alone,  this  blessed  Child  (for  so  I  must  call  him,  his 
Guardian- Angel  no  doubt  on't)  speaks  to  him  in  these  Words. 

Boy. — Wiat  makes  i/oii  here  ? 

Mr.  Wood. — Here  I  do  stay  for  a  Paper. 

Boy. — Hasten  you  home,  and  in  your  Closet  Windotv  you  ivilljind  a  Paper. 

This  was  the  whole  Dialogue. 


APPENDIX.  239 

Mr.  Wood  saith,  ho  was  Clad  in  CJray  Apparel,  anil  RoundfaccJ ;  immediately  on  tliis,  Mr.  Wood 
finds  himself  under  a  strong  Impulse  to  go  home,  and  goeth,  or  it  least  is  carried,  with  great  speed :  and 
saith,  That  when  he  came  to  a  Place  called  Cally-with-Cross  ho  knew  where  he  was  (whicli  Place  I  men- 
tion, because  I  suppose  you  know  it).  And  a  Woman  I  were  with  this  Day  tells  me,  That,  it  being  Moon- 
Light,  she  saw  Mr.  Wood  running  down  the  Hill  towards  his  House,  and  that  she  spoke  to  him,  but  he 
made  her  no  Reply. 

Now  we  will  return  to  the  Import  of  the  Paper  which  he  found  on  his  Return  from  the  Cole-Pits  in 
his  Closet- Window  :  As  soon  as  he  took  it  in  his  Hand  the  Candle  went  out,  and,  his  Wife  being  with 
liim,  they  carry  it  to  the  adjoining  Room,  where,  besides  his  Family,  were  present,  Mrs.  Triggs,  Mrs. 
Hobling,  and  Mrs.  Tozer,  who  came  to  comfort  Mrs.  Wood  in  her  Distress;  in  their  Presence  the  Paper 
was  opened,  and  Mr.  Wood  reads  it,  as  they  all  did,  several  times,  and  exactly  agree  in  the  Repetition  of 
the  Words.  As  Mr.  Wood  read  the  first  Part  uf  it  he  strikes  his  Breast,  saying,  0  Lord.'  ichat  hast  thou 
done  to  me  !     The  words  of  the  Paper  were  these  ; 

The  Paper  which  was  reached  thee  in  this  place,  was  a  Cursed  Spell  against  thee  ;  It  hath  irronght  hit 
slowly  yet,  being  not  closely  fixed,  hut  now  it  is  clapt  on.  thy  Back  nigh  thy  Skin  ;  from  hence  he  aware, 
jor  it  will  Work  more  Furiously ;  Search  narrowly  for  it,  tear  the  Chain  in  three  pieces.  Commit  it  to  the 
Flames,  and  this  with  it.     Sit  doivn  and  be  well. 

Schog    Dyal. 

As  long  as  the  Company  were  reading  this  Paper,  Mr.  Wood  was  on  his  Legs  to  be  gone  again,  and 
much  ado  to  keep  him  ;  so  they  fell  speedily  to  strip  off  his  Clothes,  but  in  his  Coat  nothing  could  be 
found ;  then  they  puU'd  off  his  Doublet,  which  as  soon  as  done,  Mr.  Wood  protests  he  found  himself  Com- 
forted, and  in  searching  it,  Mrs.  Wood  suddainly  cries  out.  She  felt  a  Paper,  and  to  come  at  it,  they  cut 
through  a  Flannel  and  Canvas  Lining,  between  which  and  the  Cloth  lay  enclosed  the  Paper,  on  which  was 
drawn  a  Chain,  about  a  Quarter  of  a  Yard  in  Length,  with  a  circle  at  one  End  of  it,  wherein  were  written 
some  strange  Characters  ;  they  forthwith  Tare  it  (according  to  Direction)  in  three  Pieces  and  Burn  it  with 
the  other  Paper ;  upon  which  Mr.  Wood  immediately  finds  Tranquility  of  Mind,  and  every  way  well 
composed  as  ever,  and  so  continues.  Praised  be  God.  Wliat  I  had  like  to  have  omitted.  After  they  had 
burnt  the  Paper,  the  Uentlcwomcn  took  the  Doublet  to  see  whether  there  were  any  hole  in  it,  but  was  .all 
whole,  and  the  Stitches  firm  about  the  place  that  was  opened :  Mrs.  Hobling  tells  me.  That  the  Paper  was 
written  in  a  very  small  though  legible  Character. 

And  now.  Sir,  Can  there  be  any  excuse  for  the  LTnbelieving  Man  in  such  Matters,  if  the  pi-eparatory 
Part  of  which  I  were  a  sad  Spectator  cannot  gain  Belief  ?  with  a  Consideration  of  Mr.  Wood's  Prudence 
and  Integrity,  we  have  the  whole  Matter  sensibly  demonstrated. 

His  Condition  since  the  first  Surprize,  his  Absence  on  Ash-Wednesday,  and  Return  under  such 
Amazement ;  his  finding  the  Paper  according  to  the  Boy's  Prediction  in  the  Closet- Window,  where  was  no 
such  thing  when  he  went  away;  and,  according  to  what  was  hinted  in  the  Paper,  the  Spell  found  in  his 
Doublet,  and  on  burning  thereof,  Mr.  Wood  perfectly  restored ;  all  which  being  sensibly  felt  by  this 
Reverend  Person,  and  so  plainly  seen  by  such  unquestionable  Witnesses,  must  Conquer  the  most  obstinate 
Licredulity. 

I  confess  I  must  now  condemn  my  own  Fully,  in  having  been  so  Diffident  in  Relations  of  this  Rature; 
for  among  many  I  have  enquired  into  in  my  time,  I  fancied  they  either  proceeded  from  a  distempered  Con- 
stitution, or  some  subtle  Wiles  and  Artifices  from  other  Hands,  or  from  Natural  Causes ;  but  this 
astonisheth  me. 

Some   Persons  of  Learning  have  been  here  already  to   Inform  themselves  herein;  and  iiarticularly 


240  APPENDIX. 

Sir.  Humes  of  Milton,  who  discoursed  Mr.  Wool  and  my  self  both  therein.     The}'  all  agree  as  to  the  vera- 
city of  the  Thing,  which  is  enough  to  convince  any  Atheist. 

8ir,  I  have  given  you  a  true  and  exact  Account,  as  if  myself  and  the  others  were  to  confinn  it  by  our 
Oaths;  it  being  not  nnlikely  that  the  thing  may  come  under  a  publick  kind  of  Scruteny.  I  have  presum'd 
to  give  you  the  Trouble  and  Charges  of  it ;  supposing  a  Subject  so  extraordinaiy  may  recompense  it. 

I  am,  &c. 
Bodmj-n  25  Feb.  Fran.  Blight.* 


A  true  Copy  of  Mr.  Wood's  Letter  to  his  Uncle  in  Exox. 
Honoured  Vncle, 

I  received  yours  last  Saturday,  and  in  compliance  thereto  send  you  this,  viz.  A  true  Copy  of  the 
Letter  IMr.  Blight  sent  Mr.  O.  I  do  not  give  you  the  Eelation  as  in  mine  own  Person,  not  only  because  I 
am  unaccustomed  to  write  of  my  self,  but  also  because  Mr.  Bliyht  and  others  about  me,  in  several  Circum- 
stances, know  more  of  the  Matter  than  I  do  my  self :  I  have  added  some  few  things  which  were  omitted  by 
Mr.  Blight,  wherein  I  were  myself  more  sensible.  And  as  you  are  the  nearest  Eelation  I  have  in  the  City 
of  Exoii,  I  do  the  more  freely  Unbosom  my  self  unto  you  ;  and  therefore  to  the  above  written  do  add.  That, 
notwithstanding  all  the  Arguments  I  could  use  to  my  self,  and  that  were  urg'd  on  me  by  my  Friends,  the 
delivery  of  the  Paper  still  pressed  on  my  Thoughts,  and  possessed  we  with  great  Anxiety  and  Trouble  of 
I\Iind.  I  several  times  privately  prayed  unto  God  to  satisfy  my  disquieted  Spirits,  to  ease  and  free  me  of 
this  Perplexity ;  and  must  to  the  Glory  of  God  confess,  that  many  times  I  felt  some  Relief  for  a  short 
space  thereby ;  but  still  the  Malady  recurred  to  me,  especially  towards  the  Evenings,  with  such  Pannick 
Fears,  such  dampness  of  Spirit,  such  Perplexity  of  Mind,  as  I  am  not  able  to  express  :  And  thus  it  con- 
tinued 'till  Ash-Wednesday,  when  coming  from  Church,  I  sat  down  with  my  Family  to  a  small  Fish- 
Dinner,  when  my  Wife  speaking  to  me,  her  Words  seemed  to  dance  in  my  Ear,  for  that  I  had  a  confused 
Noise  in  my  Head,  which  was  as  th.e  Talking  of  many  People  together  at  a  distance ;  about  an  Hour  after 
Dinner  I  walked  away,  and  what  followed  after  you  have  an  Account  of  before. 

I  praise  God  for  all  his  Mercies  to  me,  especially  this  gracious  Act  of  Providence,  and  trusting  still  in 

his  Protection  from  all  the  Powers  of  Darkness,  am  full  of  Comfort  and  Alacrity  of  Spu-it.     And,  desiring 

vour  Pravers,  rest  -i-       m-    .  .r  i  xt    i. 

1  our  Most  respectiul  Nephew 

J.  W. 

The  Characters  that  icere  in  the  Paper,  ly  reason  of  the  haste  in  burning  it,  I  could  not  exactly  marJ: ; 
but  to  the  best  of  my  App7-chension  at  present,  there  icas  among  them,  an  Hebrew  Jod,  Aleph,  and  Samech, 
or  somewhat  very  much  like  them,  but  not  in  that  Order,  but  mixed  among  the  other  Characters,  ofiohich  I 
have  not  the  least  Notion.  Some  that  have  been  icith  me  have  posed  upon  the  Nanu  Scliog  Dyal,  in  the 
other  Paper;  and  this  tveel:  an  Ingenious  Neighbour-Gentleman  sent  me  this  as  in  an  Anagram:  Hy  is  an 
old  word  to  hasten  away  :  g^j^^^  j^^^j 

Hy  God  Calls. 

fi ^ 


Exeter :  Printed  by  Sam.  Darker,  and  Sam.  Farley,  1700. 

■"17 
[B.  Museum.     Press  Mark  TID-qtO 

■"  Notary  Public— Mayor,  1675  and  1684. 


241 


APPENDIX  II. 

Assignment  of  Goods  to  the  Church,  preserved  amongst  the  Bodmin  Coiu'oration  Records. 

Endorsed    I  betweno  N.  Cory  Mayor 

\  Ric.  Wat'.  &  T.  Cole  tanner 

i  Wardens  Inv'nt'  ornament' 

\  Eccl'ie. 

Thys  Indentuer  made  at  bodmynn  the  Sunday  next  after  the  ffeast  of  Seynt  mygell  the  archangell 
ynn  the  eyglit  yerc  of  the  Raygne  of  our  Soueraygne  Lady  Elyzabeth  by  the  grace  of  god  of  Englond 
ffrancie  &  Irelond  queue  defender  of  tlie  ffaythe  &c.  Betwyne  Nycholas  Cory  mayor  of  the  towne  of 
bodniyn  of  thone  party  and  Rychard  Water  &  Thomas  Cole  tanner  Wardens  of  the  Churche  of  St. 
Petherick  ynn  bodmynn  aforesayd  of  thothcr  party  Wyttenesscth  that  the  sayd  Rychard  Water  and 
Thomas  Cole  Wardens  &  ther  successors  Wardens  hath  taken  &  receved  into  ther  handes  &  kepyng  of  the 
sayd  Nycholas  Coiy  mayor  and  of  all  the  hole  paryshe  aforesayd  to  be  vsed  &  occupyed  to  the  honer  of 
god  ynn  the  same  churche  from  the  day  &  yere  aforesayd  fourthward  all  suche  goodes  &  ornamentes  as 
folowth  &  hath  taken  vppon  them  for  them  and  ther  successors  to  yeld  a  true  rekenyng  of  all  the  same 
goodes  &  ornamentes  &  delyvory  therof  to  make  withut  deley  to  the  sayd  Nycholas  Cory  &  his  successors 
for  the  tyme  beyng  mayor  and  to  all  the  hole  paryshe  of  bodmynn  aforesaid  this  tyme  xii  monethes  that  ys 
to  wete  fyrst  ffive  belles  with  one  wieh  seruyth  for  y''  clock  to  be  rung  dayly  at  ffower  of  the  clock  ynn 
the  mornyng  &  at  eyght  ynn  the  evynyng  a  warning  bell  for  printyscs  &  others.  Item  one  vestment  of 
grene  satyn  of  bryddes.  Item  one  hole  sute  of  blew  velut  decon  subdecon  &  pistholere,  a  pere  of  vest- 
mentcs  of  whyte  damaske  one  cope  of  red  satyn  of  bryddes.  Item  a  vestment  of  blue  velut  one  whyte  cope 
of  satyn.     Item  one  whyte  vestment  of  satyn  &  more  toe  copes  vsed  on  good  fryday  &  a  obe  of  sylck.    Item 

one  crosse  baner  of  grene  sylck.     Item  one  frunt  of  yelo grene  satyn  of  bryddes  toe  cortens 

wherof  one  of  sylck  a  nother  frunt  of  Arres  a  nother  frunt  of  sey  &  a  curtens  of  the  same.     Item 

cusshyn  of  velut  for  the  commuyon  tabell  and  a  cnsshyng  of  sylcke  for  Mr.  Mayor  ys  chero  &  a  cloth  of 
choker  work  for  Mr.  Mayor  ys  chore  a  shype  of  tyn  viij  perc  of  surpelcs  with  one  new  for  Mr.  Vycar 

iiij'"'  rachetcs  a  bybell  & of  Erasmus  ij  pere  of  candelstyckes  a  bason  of  laten  a  lampe  before 

the  bye  autor  one  corporal  of  red  velut  &  a  nother  of  green a  corpus  cloth  one  dex  cloth  toe  stoles 

for  sett  at  the  coninnion  tabell  a  herse  cloth  of  velut  and  a  nother  of  black  bocorom scncer  of 

latton  toe  lent  clothes  for  y'  commyon  tabell  ij  polys  one  of  brasso  &  a  nother  of  yron  ij  newe  vant  clothes  * 
a  sacryng  bell  a  cruat  iij  Jesus  cotes  ij  red  wosterd  &  one  of  red  bocrom  iij  tormenttowers  cotes  of  satyn 
of  bryddes  of  yolo  and   blue  .  .  .  .  ij  cappes  of  sylck  toe  develes  cotes  wherof  one  ys  newef  a.croune  of 

black  a  nothet  for  ...  a ell  of  a  cross  .  &  a  nold  crosse  .  .  one  comonyn  cup  of  sylver  &  one 

other  gylt  w"^""  hery  Cock  vsed  at  weddyngcs andry  &  toe  clottes  of  led.      la es 

herof  the  partes  to  thes  present  Indentuer  intcrchayngabelly  have  putte soles  ye  day  &  yerc 

above  w  

[At  the  foot  of  the  foregoing,  in  paler  ink,  appear  other  entries  which  have  become  illegible  from  age  and  decay.] 
*  "  and  a  nokl,"  cancelled.  f  "  toe  sandycrs  cotes  of  wliytc."  cancelled. 

3q 


242 


ADDENDA  ET  CORKIGENDA. 


Page  1,  line  6 — For  "24  perches"  read  "  14  perches." 
Page  2,  line  20.— For  "  1575  "  read  "  1577." 

„      31.— For  "  763  feet"  read  "  515  feet;"  and  line  32,  for  "  515  feet  "  read  "  248  feet." 
Page  4,  line  2. — For  "fit  for  the  travelling"  read  "fit  for  travelling." 

Page  10. — Lady  Huntimjdon^s  Meeting  House.     The  erection  of  this  building  has  now  been  commenced 
Page  12,  line  17,  inscription. — After  "  Indus  "  insert  "  at  Attock." 
Page  18,  Cross  No.  11. — There  has  lately  been  observed  a  stone  which  appears  to  have  formed  the  base  of 

this  cross.     It  is  semi-octagonal,  forming  half  the  base,  and  has  a  portion  of  the  square  socket  in  what 

would  have  been  the  centre  of  the  complete  base.     It  is  of  the  same  material  as  the  shaft,  and  now 

forms  the  door-step  of  a  house  in  Bore  Street. 
Page  19,  line  10.— For  "  1325  "  read  "  1395." 
Page  35,  line  26. — For  "  so  that  prior"  read  "  so  that  the  prior." 
Page  45,  line  10. — Proprietors  in  1868.     For  " Penny  "  read  "  William  Penny."     In  consecpience 

of  the  displacement  of  the  type  on  finally  going  to  press  the  names  of  all  the  proprietors  following  that 

of  Charles  Serjeant,  Esq.  are  incorrect  in  position  and  should  be  raised  one  line. 
Page  46. — Tithe  of  Wool.     A  lease  of  the  tithe  of  wool  in  Bodmin  was  granted  by  the  Crown  to  Thomas 

Opye  for  a  term  of  99  years,  15  June,  30  Eliz.     (Crown  Lands  Inrolment  Office.) 
Page  48. — Institution  of  John  Saunders,  Vicar,  for  "23  June,  1612,"  read  "  15  Nov.  1613." 

„         Second  line  "of  notes.— For  "  156  "  read  "  1560," 
Page  50,  line  14  — For  "  not  long  since  "  read  "  not  long  sins." 
Page  54,  last  line  of  note. — First  word  of  line  the  letter  R  dropped  out  in  printing. 
Page  56,  line  20. — For  "tinkling"  read  "  ting-tang." 

Page  62,  Monument  No.  17. — For  "vmib:  spe"  read  "  vmib:  spc  "  (spiritus). 
Page  64,  Monument  No.  23. — For  "  God  in  Love  "  read  "  God  is  Love." 
Page  68,  Monument  No.  26.— The  arms  of  Achym,  as  recognised  by  the  Heralds'  College,  are:   Ar.  a 

maunche  irithin  an  orle  of  eight  cinque  foils  gu. 
Page  77,  Monument  No.  90.— For  "  R.  N."  read  "R.  M."  (Royal  Marines). 
Page  78. — Seven  early  coffin-lids  exist  in  different  parts  of  the  town: 

1.  One  ornamented  with  a  cross  flory,  which  was  formerly  used  as  a  hearthstone,  now  serves  as  a 

door-step  to  a  house  at  the  back  of  Union  Street,  formerly  Prison  Lane. 

2.  Part  of  a  coffin-lid  displaying  the  shaft  of  a  cross  and  lower  foil  of  the  head  is  built  into  the  front 

wall  of  a  house  in  Pool  Street.  On  the  margin  is  a  legend  in  Lombardic  capitals,  the  words, 
no  longer  decijiherable,  being  divided  by  dots  in  threes,  indicating  that  the  slab  dates  from 
about  the  13th  century. 

3.  In  the  churchyard  is  a  broken  slab  of  the  same  date,  cut  away  on  one  side.     It  is  oraamented 

with  a  cross  flory,  and  on  the  champhered  edges,  in  Lombardic  capitals,  are  the  following 

remains  of  the  inscription:  ....  t  ...  ici  dev  :  db  sa  alme  eit  :  me (iS«e  Engraving, 

page  344.) 
This  stone  is  said  to  have  been  brought  from  Brewery  Lane. 

4.  Another  slab  dug  up  at  "the  Bery,"  and  now  also  in  the  churchyard.    It  is  pointed  at  both  ends, 

and  has  on  it  a  cross  flory. 

5.  A  coffin-lid,  also  of  early  date,  is  now  much  injured  by  decay.     The  remains  of  a  cross  flory  are 

traceable  on  it. 

6.  This  is  similar  to  the  last,  except  that  the  cross  is  ringed  at  the  intersection. 

The  two  last  were  dug  np  at  the  bottom  of  "  Mount  Folly"  steps  from  forty  to  fifty  years  ago. 

7.  This  is  much  smaller  than  the  others  and  appears  to  have  covered  the  remains  of  a  child.     It  has 

no  cross  or  other  sculpture  on  it,  and  the  edges  are  finished  with  a  plain  cavetto. 


ADDENDA  ET  CORRIGENDA. 


243 


Page  83,  third  line  from  liottom. — A  word  "the"  after  "yn"  is  accidentally  omitted,  the  note  f  "sic" 
therefore  does  not  apply  as  the  passage  now  stands.     Perhaps  the  word  "hurto"  maybe  read  "hurte." 

Page  91,  line  14. —  William  Vi/fyan.  A  lease  of  five  closes  of  land  in  Bodmin  was  granted  to  William 
Vivian  by  Thomas  Vivian,  Piior,  and  the  convent  of  Bodmin  for  the  term  of  eighty  years,  dated 
20  Dec.  19  Hen.  viij.  (Crown  Lands  Inrol.  Office.)  This  seems  to  confirm  the  conjecture  expressed 
on  page  207  that  William  Vyvyan  of  Trehunsey  and  the  Prior  were  of  the  same  family. 

Page  9f),  last  word. — For  "  Pontpoy  "  read  "  Penpoy,"  as  on  the  seal,  page  97. 

Page  101,  lines  6,  7  — The  ancient  burial-ground  at  the  Berry  was  used  as  a  meadow  until  about  1840, 
when,  the  churchyard  being  crowded,  interments  were  made  there.  The  churchyard  was  closed  against 
interments  on  1  April,  1800,  and  the  small  yard  at  the  Berry  being  also  by  this  time  filled,  it  was 
closed  on  28  Nov.  in  the  same  year  and  new  ground  purchased  and  added  to  it. 

Page  101,  line  11  from  bottom — "  Scliool  fell  into  abeyance."  This  would  seem  to  require  correction. 
There  is  no  trace  of  the  payment  of  the  stipend,  but  the  school  would  appear  to  have  been  kept  open 
from  the  accession  of  Queen  Elizabeth  by  John  Jackson.     See  page  102. 

Page  102,  line  5  from  bottom.  — It  is  stated  in  IMr.  Browne's  diary  that  the  last  time  the  Archdeacon's  Court 
was  held  at  St.  Neot  was  on  the  3rd  Nov.  1746. 

Page  102,  last  line  of  note.— For  "  Colins"  read  "Collins." 

Page  103. — Archdeacon' s  Court — Registrars.  The  family  of  Silly  would  appear  to  have  had  some  vested 
interest  in  the  Registrarship  in  the  seventeenth  century.  John  .Silly  of  Trevelver,  in  his  will,  dated 
6th  March,  1671,  and  proved  22ud  April,  1672,  among  other  bequests  gives  to  his  sons  John  and 
Marke  £900  apiece,  to  be  paid  on  their  attaining  respectively  the  age  of  twenty-one  years;  his  son 
John,  on  attaining  that  aeje,  to  relieve  testator's  creditors  of  a  bond  for  £250,  entered  into  bij  testator 
trith  Mr.  John  Anstis  on  condition  that  his  said  son  John  shoidd  not  molest  him  in  the  office  if  Eeijistrar 
of  the  Arclidcacimrij  of  Cornirall  durimj  the  life  of  the  said  John  Anstis.  It  is  probable  that  John 
Anstis,  who  became  Garter  King  of  Arms,  succeeded  his  father  as  Registrar,  and  that  Henry  Bennett, 
who  was  Deputy  Registrar  in  1733,  and  who  married  Mary  daiighter  of  the  said  John  Anstis  (see  ped. 
of  Anstis,  History  of  Blislaml,  pp.  68,  69,*),  was  appointed  his  deputy,  and  held  the  office  until  the 
death  of  the  said  John  Anstis  in  1743.  In  1746  John  Bennett,  eldest  son  of  Henry,  occurs  as  Deputy 
Registrar,  and  we  hazard  the  conjecture  that  the  said  John  Anstis  was  succeeded  by  his  son  as  Regis- 
trar. Prol.)ably  they  held  the  office  jointly,  as  they  did  that  of  Garter  King  of  Anns.  After  the  death 
of  the  third  John  Anstis  in  1754  perhaps  the  office  of  Registrar  passed  to  Edward  Sleech  and 
William  Cholwich,  who  held  it  jointly  in  1759,  when  they  granted  a  new  deputation  to  John  Bennett, 
as  shown  in  the  text.  John  Bennett  married  Dorothy,  daughter  of  Robert  Bullock  of  Bodmin,  gent., 
and  coheir  of  her  brother  Richard  Bullock,  whose  other  sister  and  coheir  married  William  Browne 
of  Bodmin,  gent.;  George  Browne,  son  of  William  and  Elizabeth,  would  seem  to  have  served  his 
articles  as  an  attorney  with  his  uncle  John  Bennett,  and  he  succeeded  him  as  Deputy  Registrar 
in  1773. 

The  office  of  Registrar  appears  to  have  been  held  as  a  sinecure  for  a  considerable  period,  and  we  have 
been  unable  to  obtain  any  inforaiation  as  to  the  succession  of  the  incumbents.  The  Right  Reverend 
Thomas  Vowler  Short,  D.D.,  late  Bishop  of  St.  Asaph,  was  appointed  Registrar  of  the  Archdeacon's 
Court  many  years  ago  (date  not  ascertained),  and  still  continues  the  Archdeacon's  Registrar,  and 
Mr.  J.  B.  Collins  is  his  deputy;  and  since  1857,  when  the  control  of  the  local  Probate  Courts  was  trans- 
ferred to  the  General  Court  of  Probate,  the  latter  gentleman  has  held  the  appointment  of  District 
Registrar  for  Cornwall. 

Page  119,  line  18.— For  "  Whitsan  "  read  "  Whitsand." 

Page  120,  line  5. — John  Trelyyh.  This  was  doubtless  John  Treijlygh,  who  was  elected  Mayor  on  the  4tli 
Oct.  of  this  year. 

Pages  123,  124. — The  last  passage  of  the  text  in  page  123  extending  over  to  page  124  is  not  an  "extract" 
from  the  accoimts  and  should  have  been  marked  to  distinguish  it. 

Page  128. — Paul's  Pitcher.  For  "  every  house  which  is,"  read  "  houses  which  have  been."  We  understand 
that  these  pitchers  are  filled  with  all  kinds  of  offensive  matter  and  filth,  and  that  it  is  usually  the  weak 
and  helpless  who  are  made  the  victims  of  this  discreditable  practice. 

•  The  statement  that  the  issue  of  Henry  Bennett  and  Mary  Anstis  is  extinct  is  prolmbly  incorrect.     We  propose  to 
give  an  account  of  this  family  hereafter. 


244 


ADDENDA  ET  COKRIGEXDA. 


Page  129. — Holif  Well  at  the  Bery  (Holy  Eood)  used  to  be  visited  by  cliildren  and  young  persons  on  Holy 
Well  Day  ( Holy  Thursday)  for  purposes  of  divination.  Rushes  were  placed  in  the  form  of  a  cross, 
and  laid  upon  the  water  ;  if  they  sank  the  person  so  placing  them  would  die  or  be  unfortunate,  if  they 
swam  he  or  she  would  live  and  be  successful.  This  custom  has  now  ceased,  but  persons  are  living 
who  practised  it  in  their  youth. 

Page  134. — The  Maces.  The  small  silver  maces  were  made  originally  with  three  serpentlike  projections 
at  the  end  of  each  handle ;  only  two  on  one  and  one  only  on  the  other  now  remain. 

Page  139. — Town  Clerks.  On  the  death  of  Nicholas  Sprey,  John  Corrye  became  Town  Clerk,  and  held 
that  office  on  18th  ]\[ay,  1624. 

Page  139,  note  J.  We  find  that  there  was  a  family  of  the  name  of  Stephens  in  Cornwall  whose  pedigree 
was  registered  in  1620.  It  is  probable  that  John  Stephens,  town  clerk,  derived  his  descent  from  this 
family.  Thomas  Stephens  of  Duloe,  son  of  John  Stephens,  mamed  Joane  daughter  of ... .  Collicott, 
and  had  a  son,  Thomas  Stephens  of  Tregony,  who  registered  the  pedigree  of  his  family  as  above 
stated.  He  manied  Jane  daughter,  and  we  presume  heu',  of  Thomas  Cock  of  Bodmin,  and  had  four 
sons,  Henry,  John,  Arthur,  and  Eiehard,  and  three  daughters.  The  arms  allowed  to  this  family  were 
the  same  as  those  of  Stephens  of  Leicester,  and  with  those  arms  they  were  permitted  to  quarter  the 
arms  of  Cock  of  Bodmin:  viz.  Gules  fretty  argent,  upon  a  fess  of  the  second  three  cocks  of  the  first. 
The  founder  of  this  family  in  Cornwall  was  possibly  one  of  the  many  children  of  Henry  Stephens  of 
Frocester,  co.  Gloucester,  who  was  the  progenitor  of  the  Stephenses  of  Leicester,  and  who  died  in  1552. 

Page  145.  At  the  election  of  burgesses  in  1868  James  Wyld,  esq.  petitioned  against  the  retmn  of  the 
Hon.  E.  F.  Leveson-Gower,  but  Mr.  Leveson-Gower  was  pronounced  to  be  duly  elected. 

Page  152,  note  f.     For  "  at  this  time,"  read  "  at  that  time." 

Page  157,  line  14. —  Waterlonde.     For  "  xxvij  s.  viij  d."  read  "  xxvi  s.  viij  d." 

Page  159,  line  3. — For  "  Hj.  tenements  "'  read  "  iij.  tenements." 

Page  181,  line  18. — Gonronson.  In  1626  Sir  Bernard  Grenville  and  Beville  his  son  conveyed  Gonronson 
to  the  Flanianks,  who  in  1724  sold  it  to  Philip  Hawkins.     (Addl.  MS.  9416,  fo.  298.) 

Page  185. — Arms  of  Phillipps.  The  tincture  of  the  field  is  accidentally  omitted  in  the  engraving — it 
should  be  argent. 

Page  203,  third  and  fourth  descents. — Gilbert  Ptiligree.     For  "Marianne"  read  "  Mariamne." 

Page  214,  line  16. — For  "William  Waddon  Martin  of  Tonacombe,  Esq."  read  "Rev.  William  Waddon 
Martyn  of  Tonacombe,  Clerk,  Rector  of  Lifton,  county  Devon." 

Page  215,  line  4. — Captain  George  Borlase  Kempthome  died  22nd  March,  1870,  after  the  page  to  which 
we  refer  was  printed. 

Page  215.  third  line  from  bottom. — For  "eabossed"  read  "  couped." 

Page  330,  line  2.— For  "  1711  "  read  "  1811." 


if 

I 


INDEX  TO  PEESONS,  &c. 


Note — That  in  this  and  in  the  following  Index  no  attempt  is  made  to  distinguish  the  different  modes  of  spelling  the  same 
name,  and  that  one  reference  only  is  given  notwithstanding  the  name  may  occur  more  than  once  on  the  same  page. 


Abbot,  91,  226 
Abel,  173 

Abercrombie,  231  n 
Achym,  07,  67  «,  G8,  68»,  80, 
112,  i:i(J,  147;  Fam.   190, 
1!)1:  Fed.  191 
Adams,  5,  45,  155 
JEthelgar,  Bp.  21 
^thelstan,  K.  21,  22 
jEthelstan,  Bp.  21 
Aldstowe,  140 
Alct,  142,  143 
Alford,  7  » 
Algar,  24  7i 
Allen,  205,  20G 
Alms,  76,  99 
Alynbom,  141 
Amcotts,  215 
Amdyn,  141 
Anivdeu,  140 
Andrew,  80,  112,  K!«,  219 
Andrews,  55 
Andrye,  112 
Ancryan,  143 
Ann,  Queen,  44 
Anstis,  103,243,243  74 
Antliornc,  217 
Ai)sley,  219 
Archer,  80,  85  n,  141 
Arms  : 

Achvm,  08.  191,  242 

Archdckne,  217,  220 

Arches,  220 

Beville,  71  n,  llU 

Bligh  or  Blight,  68, 189 

Bodmin,  Borough,  233 

Bohun,  216,  220 

Bonville,  221 

Borlasc,  ()5 

Bozon,  219 

Brav,  227 

Brewer,  224 

Brown(^  224,  233 

Call,  8  » 

Calmailv,  51,  51  n 

Carew.  64,  219,  221 

Carminow,  72,  217,  220 

Cavel,  183.  208 

Charles  I.  64 

Cock, 244 

Collins,  227,  231,  232 


Arms — eontinucd. 
Cory,  137 
Courcv,  221 
Courtenay,  220 
C'rnssman,  198  »;. 
1  )en)ont'ryart,  204 
l)inliam,'217,  220 
Dowrish,  219,  221 
Kdgar,  King,  59 
FitzJye,  217,  221 
FitzStephen,  221 
Flamank,  72,  183,  185 
Fleming,  221 
Gayer,  72,  164 
Gilbert,  202 
Godolphin,  206 
Grocers,  the,  130 
Gurlyn,  51,  51  n 
Haccomb,  220 
Hawkin.s,  219,  221 
Hearle,  62  n 
Heligan,  51,  51  n,  71  n 
Henuah,  221 
Henrv  VIII.  58 
Hewitt,  77 
Ilohh.s,  215,  244 
lloldvu,  64,  139  ?t 
lloskcn,  59,  69 
Ilu.ldersfield,  219,  220 
lluglie.s,  72 
Hunt,  53  m 
Hydron,  221 
Iin]tcy.  42  n 
Kcinjithome,  65,  215  m 
Kcnilall,  69 
Ley,  215  74 
Laroche,  53  n 
Lippincott,  72 
Lucombe,  51,  51  r>,  C2n, 

176,  183 
Manaton,  131 
Marty  n,  187 
Maynard,  61 

McrchaiitAdventiirers,66 
Michell,  61 
Mods,  220 
Mohun,  221 
Mo(irc,  73 
Mdrtimcr,  220 
Miiunstcven,  200 
Muuday,  37 «,  209 

3  R 


Arms — contimied. 

Nanfant,  72 

Pendarves,  206 

Pennington,  59,  69,  201, 
202 

Petit,  217,  221 

Peverell,  71,  164,  183 

Phillipps,  75,  244 

Plantagenet,  216,  220 

Pomeroy,  64,  236 

Prideanx,  51,  51  n 

Priory,  58 

Eoche,  220 

Rouse,  72 

St.  Aubyn,220 

St.  George,  219 

Seoble,  219,  221 

Sergeaux,  51,  51  n 

Stephens,  139  n 

Stone,  212 

Talbot,  220 

Thomas,  206 

Treglownow,  71,  183 

Trelawney,  52 

Treleavcn,  52 

Tremayne,  72 

Tresahar,  219,  221 

Tresaster,  208 

Trewinnard,  71 

Tuite,  221 

Unknown.  52,62,71,72, 
191,  207 

Vivian,  58, 5874, 70,  207, 
208 

Williams,  76  n 

Wills,  131 

Wood,  76 

Yeomans,  53  n 

Yorkc,  219,  221 
Arscott,  36,  189 
Arthur,  118 
Artur,  140 

Arnndcll,  35,  89,  116,  120, 
144,    162,    165,    166,    178, 
181,182,183,207,210,222 
Ashby,  38  7t 
Ashcton,  161,211 
Atwill,  84 

Audlcy,  119,  144,  216 
Aurifabnim,  140 
Austen,  81,  194 


Avent,  219 

Averey,  27,  80,  136 

Aylworth,  36,  44,  44  n 

Ayi-a,  27 

Babb,  140 

Baby,  28,  140 

Bacon,  83,  144 

Bagg,  27,  141,  144 

Baggel,  141 

Bailey,  44, 167 

Baker,  143 

Balaham,  141 

Baldwin,  197 

Bandvn,  142 

Bant,' 29,  141,  142 

Barbom',  47 

Barret,  183 

Barribal,  218 

Baron,  45,  75,  76 

Barrow,  45 

Barwell,  42,  147 

Basset,  49, 122, 146, 148, 182, 

228,  229,  232,  233 
Bathiu-st,  143 
Batt,  85 

Bawden,  48,  48  7t 
Baylie,  48,  48  n 
Beard,  56  n,  136,  183,  222 
Beauchamp,    89,   154,    160, 

216,  217 
Beaumont,  161 
Beaupre,  89 
Bedcman,  30 
Bedford,  188,  189 
Bcdstau,  143 
Beeston,  144 
Bekct,  135  «.   143,  166,  176; 

Fam.  209,  210;   Ped.  211 
Bcllcw,  188.  189 
Bennallackc,  232 
Bennett,  76,  103,  103  74,  138, 

139,    144,    199,   200,    212, 

213,  224,243,  243  « 
Berc,  25,  28,  37/4,  60,  60  74, 

83,  135,141,  142,143,  166, 

167,171,176,183,209,210 
Bcrkclev,  144,  216 
Best,  32,  38,  162 
Bettv,  48,  48/4 
Bcvi'll,  150,  150  74,  154,  160, 

210,  211 


246 


INDEX  TO  PERSONS,  ETC. 


Billing,  80,  93.  118,  141, 
141  «,  142,  183,  211,  230 

Bishop,  48,  143 

Blackmore,  221 

Bladworth,  145.  145  n 

Blake,  140,  141,  142,  152, 
183,  194 

Blewet,  89 

Blight  or  Bligh,  17,  50  n, 
55  ft,  62,  65,  66,  66  n,  68, 
68«,  SO,  81,  112,  116,118, 
122,  123,  124,  136,  137, 
138,  185;  Fam.  187-189; 
Fed.  189;   190.   191,  192, 

212,  213,  237-240,  244 
Bloihou,  142,  170,  171,  173 
Blount.  219 
Blnndell,89 

Blyker,  209 

Bodcarn,  140 

Bodniin.de,  27,  89,  135, 140, 
140  H,  141;  Fam.  169, 170; 
Fed.  170;  186 

Bodmin,  Burgesses  of,  33, 34, 
55,  108,  110,113,114,116, 
126,  133,  177,  186,  192, 
209,  210,  211,  212,  213, 
225,  227 

Bodmin,  ilavors  of,  25,  85, 
114,  115, '116,  118,  120, 
122,  124,  133-139,  166, 
172,175,176,178,186,188, 
190,  192,   195,   202,   204, 

213,  215,  236,  241 
Bodmin,    Mayor    and    Bur- 
gesses, 45,  46,  54  n,  84, 85, 
91,  99,  99  »,  111,113,116, 
146, 173  »,  210 

Bodmin,  Priors  of,  25-40, 
46,  47,  47«,  94,  109,  110, 
159,  100,  161,  163,  164, 
168,  175,  177,  179,  198, 
207,  209,  243 

Bodmin,  Tomi  Clerks,  112, 
113,114,11.5,129,133,139, 
146,  193,  244 

Bodmin,  Vicars  of,  45;  In- 
stitutions, 46-49:  128,  166, 
202,  236,  237-240,  241 

Bodyniel,  1 40,1 72 ;  Fam.  1 76- 
177 

Bohun.  216 

Bokellv,  142,  143 

Bolitho,  205 

Bolt,  66,  67,  67  n 

Bolger,  172 

Bond,  156 

Bonville,  217 

Bony,  142 

Boor.  101,  102,  185 

Booth,  144 

Borgeys,  140 

Borlase.  3,  33,  65,  65  «,  168, 
215,  228 

Bomys,  142 

Borough,  211 

Borroughs,  57  n 

Boscaman,  43, 136 

Boscawen,  32  n,  101  n,  169, 
221 


Bosson,  157 

Boturnal,  212 

Bowden,  119 

Bower,  112 

Boyer,  80,  120, 130 

Boyne,  130 

Brabm,  116,123 

Braddyll,  145 

Bradley,  137, 138,  152,  202, 

213 
Bradlick,  185,213 
Brag,  141 
Branthwaite,  109 
Bray,  47,  80,  94  n,  99,  112, 

120,  136,  139,  226,  232 
Brentingham,  84,  93 
Breton,  135,142,  166 
Brewer,  200 
Erode,  58 
Broker,  81,83 
Bromley,  169 
Broun,  "l41,  143 
Browne,  8  »J,  44,  97  «,  102, 

102  «,  103,  143,  144.  167, 

199,  200  ;  Fam.  223-224  ; 

229,  231,  234,  243 
Browning,  102 
Biy.in,  215 
Bryajit,  83 
Budeauxhead,  153,154,154  n, 

167 
Buller,  121,  230  « 
Bullock,  65,  152,   161,  198; 

Ped.  199;  224,  232,  243 
Bulpyt,  83 
Bunse,  80 
Bunt,  162 
Burchelle,  174 
Burell,  155 
Burford,  144 
Burg,  de,  88  n,  142,  178 
Burgeys,  142 
Burnard,  177 
Burneberv,  159 
Burrows,'69,  118,  138 
Burt,  91 

Bmr,  de  la,  141, 167,  172 
ByllVne,  80,  141,  141  n 
Byschop,  143 

Cffisar,  144 

Call,  8 

Calmer,  53  » 

Calway,  135 

Calwodley,  136 

Camelford,  Lord,  118 

Canning,  197 

Cant,  si) 

Capoun, 141 

Cara,  206 

Carballa,  28,  28h,  140,141 

Carhnrra,  28,  28  «,  140, 141, 

142,  174-176 
Carew,.5, 121,141,144;Ped. 

217,218,219;  Arms,  218; 

228,  232 
Carkeet,  183,  220,  221 
Carlvon,  143,  219,  230,235 
Carminow,  19, 57,61, 88n,89, 

153,183,192,211;Ped.217 


Came,  80, 146 

Carnellow,  29,  31 

Camsewe,  151 

Carpenter,  116,  140,219,221 

Carter,  37 «,  96 

Caruball,  140,  141,  18G,  209 

Carvcth,  219,  221 

Cary,  147 

Casket.  Ivory,  25 

Cash,  203 

Cat,  141 

Catprust,  140,  141 

Caunter,  8  « 

Cavel,  26,  142,  143,207 

Caw,  142 

Ceceley,  141 

Ceolnoth,  Archb.  21 

Challis,  218 

Chamberleyn,  265 

Chambers,  76 

Chambron,  90 

Chamond,  35,  36,  36  n,  48, 

85,  113,  144.  155,  156,  172 
Champernon,  211 
Chan, 140 
Chapelain,  140 
Chapman,  42,  46,  97,  192 
Chappie,  218 
Charles  I.  King,  57,  64 
Chehek,  143 
Chepitleyn,  142 
Chichester,  25,  44  « 
Chilcott,  234,  235 
Childs,  65  « 
Chiverton,  113,  143 
Cholwich,  103,  243 
Chndleigh,  121,122 
Churchwardens' Accouuts,57 
Cithared,  173  n 
Clap,  141 
Clapthovre,  88 
Clarke,  75,  218 
Clar,  142 

Cleffe,  Abbot  of,  159 
Clement,  21 
Clemenee,  45 
Clerk,  27,  55,  140,  141,  142, 

171 
Clevedon,  90 
Clifford,  80 
Cliker,  166 
Climo,  199  rt,  148 
Clonard,  22 
Clun,  141 

Clutterbuck,  224,  235 
Cobbe,  159 
Coch,  57 
Cock,  8  n,  31, 80, 83, 1 12, 136, 

140,    141,     143,    148,  1.52, 

157,187,211,241,214 
Coke,  82 
Cokvn,  145 
Cole',  55n,  94,  97,  102,  138, 

142.  235,  241 
Coleman,  45,  196 
Collins,    11,   44,   70,    102 «, 

103,  139,  223  «,  224,  224  »; 

Fam.  225-235,  243 
Collicott,  244 
Collier,  61 


Colqnite,  189 

Colvill,  8,  77 

Colwell,  138 

Colyn,  29,  35,  163 

Colyt,  140 

Commins,  71  «,  74,  138, 139, 

150,  185 
Comore,  Bp.,  21 
Conan.  Bp.  21 
Condye,  112,  136 
Connock,  43  »,  144 
Conyell,  32 
Coode,  96 
Cooke,  232 
Coom,  45,  85,  141 
Copner,  203 
Corboys,  27 
Cork,  143 
Cornier,  140 

Cornwall,  30,  30  «,  88,  89,  90 
Cornwall,  Bishops  of,  21 
Corrant,  136 
Cory,  55  «,  61,  61  «,  77,  79, 

112,    133,    136,   137,   141, 

143,  195,  241,  244 
Coryn,  112 
Corj-ton,  102,  110 
Coterel,  135 
Cottell,  152,  168,  168  n 
Couch,  127,  128 
Couling,  140,  141,  186,  187 
Coundey,  55  n 
Courtenay,  116,   116  »,  143, 

1.53,   167,    182,   183,    193, 

194 
Coventre,  30,  88 
Cover,  140 
Cowlecote,  157 
Coynt,  140 
Crabbe,  141 
Craddock, 56, 71  n,  1 18, 195  », 

213 
Crang, 139 
Credanus,  22 
Crews,  59 
Crich,  141 
Crikledene.  142 
Croker,  145,  234 
Cromwell,  78, 122, 144, 168  re 
Cro.ssman,  108, 109,  110,  HI, 

124,  156,  161,  162;   Fam. 

and  Ped.  198 
Crowder,  74 
Cruglas,  141 
Cnbar,  142 
Cundy,  84, 136 
Cunnack,  77.  235 
Currev,  75,202,  214,217 
Curte'is.  31,  32,  36  «,  97,  172 
Cutler,  144 

Dabernonn.  28,  111 

Dagge,  41,  80,  85,  85 /»,  95, 
116,  116n,  137;  Fam.  195- 
197;  Ped.  196;  204 

Dagle,  38,  48 

Dan,  148 

Dauyell,  142,  147,  194 

Dauuey,  89,  190 

Daviss,  49 


INDEX  TO  PERSONS,  ETC. 


247 


Davy,  141,  142,  143,  218 

Dawe,  98  n. 

Deacon,  H8 

Dechanus,  22 

Dedoii,  140 

Demounfryat,    50,    137  n  ; 

Fam.  204 
Denband,  143 
Dene,  142 
Denshall,  182 
Denys,  149,  189 
Despenser,  216 
Devyok,  143 
Dickinson,  49,  49  n 
Dighen,  135 
Dillon,  49,  49  n,  100  )i 
Dlnan,  de,  25 
Dira,  140,  186 
Dunstanvillc,  13,  44,  49,  52, 

96,  139,  217 
lioekj-ng,  88 
Donaforde,  37  «,  38  « 
Donewych,  179,  186 
Donuecote,  158 
DorYille,  195 
Dottinn,  154 
Doughty,  161 
Down,  see  Dunn 
Doune,  142,  143 
Dowrish,  218 

Drake,  48,  48«,  220,  229,  234 
Drew,  74,  116,  142 
Drury,  178 
Ducie,  Barl  of,  71 
Duke,  43,  142,  185 
Dungay,  99  n 
Dunkyu,  200,  215 
Dunn  or  Down,  81,  82 
Duns  Scotus,  88 
Durant,   63,   03  «,  07  n,  79, 

79  «,  85,  133,  130,137,151 
Dyer,   122  n,  136,    152,   157, 

159,  165 
Dyn,  140,  141,  155 
Dyver,  158 

Edgcombe,  57,  116,  llOn 

Edge,  112 

Edred,  146  tt 

Edye,  80,  133,  136,  137 

Edyvean,  2,  99  ?t,  118,   138, 

139,  169,  183;  Ped.  185 
Eglosheill,  de,  141 
Eliot,  74 
Eliot,  Lord,  13 
Elizabeth,  Queen,   78,  78  «, 

79,  93,  94 
Ellaconil>e,  93 
Elliott,  41  H,  219 
Elson,  75 
Elye,  155,  150 
Enys,  229,  232,  233 
Erie,  135 

Essex,  Earl  of,  122 
Estcote,  100 
Everest,  8,  77 
Every,  45,  71,  71  w,  75 
Exeter,  Bishops  of,   24,  25, 

26,  27,  29,  30,  32,  33,  42, 

84,88,90,94,100,170,  171 


Eyre,  32,  83,  118,  149,  152 

Facy,  142 

Fairfax,  122 

FairlWde,  142,  210 

Falmouth,  Lord,  13 

Fane,  216 

Fauutleroy,  58,  153,  161 

Fawlvns,  38 

Fayrer,  102,  185 

Fekyn, 47  n. 

Fell,  45 

Ferrers,  216 

Finch,  178 

Fisher,  102,  102  n 

Fitz  Alan,  216,  217 

Fitz  Osbert;  135 

Fitz  Ralph,  88 

Fitz  Roger,  141 

Fitz  Walter,  90 

Fitz  William,  141 

Flamank,  32,  71,  72,  80,  81, 
118,  119,  119;i.,  124,  134, 
135,130,138,139,143,152, 
153,  161,  162,  103,  163 «, 
164  »,  165, 174,  176;  Fam. 
179—185 

Flanders,  140 

Flegard,  140 

Flemyng,  38 

Fol,  142,  166 

Follyot,  141 

Ford,  Abbot  of,  180 

Forde,  47  «,  51  «,  88,  142, 
174,  170,  212 

Forthe,  48,  81  n 

Fortescne,  140,  150,  154,  161 

Forrester,  140 

Foulstone,  5 

Fowler,  116,  137,  148 

Frad,  200 

Frigens,  194 

Francis,  97, 153 

Francis,  8t.  86,  87,  90  n 

Franciscans,  88,  89 

Frodon,  142 

Fry,  118,  137 

Fynciix,  143 

Galahan,  27 

Garby,  212,  213 

Gardyner,  161 

Gargrave,  143 

Garland,  136 

(iarnet,  203 

Garrett,  130 

Gatty,  1)8;  Fam.  222,  223 

Gayer,  182 

Geach,  04 

Germans,  St.  Bishops  of,  21  n 

Gernon,  140 

George,  1 19 

Gerveys,  160,  183 

Gildis,  118 

Giddy,  145,  227,  232 

Gilbard,  80 

Gilbert,  3,  11,  12,  13,  42,  66, 
75,  118,  128,  138,  139  H, 
145,  151,  201;  Ped.  202; 
227,  232,  244 


Gill,  189 
Givelet,  93 
Glanville,  189 
Glencross,  45,  71  «,  167,  168 
Glover,  142,  157,  232 
Glubb,  230,  235 
Glynn,  38,  116, 120, 126, 136, 
144,161,105,166,167,189, 

202,  229 
God,  141 

Godolphin,  206,  212,  217 
Goldsmyth,  14, 172 
Goodyear,  9 

Gorges,  154,  154  «,  167 

Goss,  97 

Gould,  197 

Goviley,  217 

Gower,  145,  244 

Granville,  1 16 

Grandison,  88 

Grendon,  142 

Graves,  230 

Greepe,  142 

Grelles,  172 

Grenville,  121, 122, 125, 139, 

144,  1.50,  153,  168 
Grev  de  Ruthyn,  121,  122 
Grey,  142 
Gribble,  5 
Grose,  45,  73,  84,  139,  140, 

168 
Gryffith,  55  » 
Grylls,  210,  211 
Gundrey,  165 

Gurlyn,47,  47  «,  52,  176, 182 
Gnron,  St.  21 
Gyans,  112 
Gyles,  153 
Gylmyn,  142 
Gylot,  141 
Gyon,  143 

Hake,  49 

Hall,  118,  195,  197 

Haloppe,  142,  178 

Hambly,  45,  80 

Hamilton,  230 

Hamley,  12,69,  70,  80,  110, 
118,  136,  137,  138,  139, 
140,    141,    189,    191,   202, 

203,  224,  233,  236 
Hancock,  81  n,  100,  147, 162 
Haukyn,  141 

Harris,  11, S3,112,130,130«, 

130,  137,  101 
Harrison,  221 
Han'ington,  130 
Harvey,   102,  137,  142,156, 

219 
Harry,  31,  35  «,. 5.5,  82,  183 
Hartwcli,  112,  133,  l:!0 
Hawes,  205 
Hawkcn,  222 
Hawkcs,  229,  234 
Hawkin,  110,  137 
Hawkins,  8  »,  96 
Hawley,  44,  169 
Hay,  de  hi,  209;   Ped.  211 
Hayes,  220 
Hay  ley,  34 


Haynes,  136 

Havener,  172 

Heales,  206 

Hearle,  232 

Heathcote,  145 

Heatley,  197 

Hedge,  124 

Heig,  140 

Hele,  53  n 

Helegy,  172 

Helleston,  135 

Heligan,  142,  176;  Ped.  217 

Hellyer,  5,  9  «,  133,  130,  159 

Hender,  45,  97,  137 

Henderson,  45 

Heneage,  221 

Hennah,  220,  221 

Henrietta  Maria,  Queen,  44 

Henry  VIIX.,  King,  90 

Heme,  1 44  « 

Herbard,  20 

Herbert,  144,  144  n 

Herford,  143 

Herott,  55 

Hertford,  Marquis  of,  139 

Heverard,  179 

Hewett,73n,77,91, 112, 136 

Hext,  45,  50,  118, 138, 138«, 

139,  162,  236 
Hevm,  141 
Hichens,  2,  139,  235 
Hickey,  203 
Hicks,  96,  97,  129,  139.  148, 

149,  205,  206 
Hikkedon,  143 
Hill,  143,  148,  153,  202,  218 
Hine,  5 
Ho,  142 
Hobb,  141 
Hobbs,    57,    116,    125,    137: 

Fam.  215;  236 
Hoblyn,  7,  45,  63,  63  «,  85. 

114,  115,116,  110  k,  117  », 

124,    138,    139,    144,    1.52, 

153,  233,  236,  239 
Hocken,  185 
Hodgson,  205 
Hod,  141,  142 
Hodge,  55,  56  n,  202 
Hoge,  142, 157 
Hole,  142 
Holman,  219,  221 
Holwell,  47 
Iloniton,  de,  28 
Honyman,  173 
Iloper,  U;5 
Hopkins,  4 

llopton,  121, 121  «,  12.3,  I23« 
Horwcll,  102,  104« 
Hosken,  42,  49,  59,  65,  148, 

185,  202,  203,  222 
Hosyen,  82 
Houghton,  237 
How,  114 

Howard,  \TA)n,  217 
Howell,  9() 
Hungerford,  143 
Hughes,  72 
llumcs,  210 
Hunt,  53  «,  118,  M5,  145  » 


248 


INDEX  TO  PEESOXS,  ETC. 


Hyde,  de  la,  27 
Hvden,  165 
HywTs,  89 

lago,  5,  16  n 

Ilford,  56  n 

Hger,  176 

Impev,  41,  41  n,  147 

Inch,' 149 

Irby,  4,  134,  145,  145  n 

Ivon,  143 

Ivy,  143 

Jacob,  218 

Jago,  168 

Jackson,  102,  243 

Jaky,  157 

Jane,  153 

James  I.  King,  79,  80 

Jeff  err,  97 

Jenonr,  161 

Jennings,  162 

Jermyn,  144 

Jewell,  116,  118,  142,  152 

Job,  84 

Jodde,  159 

John,  32,  136 

Johnson,  195 

Jones,  8,  32,  56 

Jopc,  142 

Joseph,  119 

Jon,  142 

Jourdan, 214 

Katherine,  Queen,  90 
Kayrjshavs,  Lord  of,  88,  89 
Keith,  230 
Kekewich,  194 
Kelley,  217 
Kelligrew,  144 
Kempe,  167,  178,  213 
Kempthome,  65,  168;  Fani. 

214,  215;  244 
Kendall,  86,  36n.  37n.  60. 

60n,  61,  77.  122.169,  192, 

209,  219,  228,  232 
Kenegy,  31 
Kenstec,  Bishop,  21 
Kessell,  97 
Ker,  203 

Kemick,  172,  173 
KesteU,  6,  7  «,  80,  112,  136, 

139,  144,  198,  210,  211: 

Fam.  212 
Key,  49,  49  « 
King,  59,  72,  82,   118,  148, 

167,   168,   200,   202,   212, 

213,  225  n 
Kingdon, 143 
Kingston,  120 
Kirkwood,  45 
Kitt,  45 

Kittow,  193,  194 
Knappe,  141 
Knyvett,  150  m 
Knolle,  29  n,  143 
Knowling,  183 
KnonwT,  135,  175 
Kykel,141 


Kyhninawarth,  141 
Kylmynan,  175 
Kyngsman,  141 

LacT,  94,  145 

Lake.  63n,  97 

Lam,  142 

Lancarfe  fam.  177,  178 

LandrajTie,  141 

Laudwamick,  211 

Laugahitts,  135 

Lange,  135,  142,  165 

Langher,  135,  142 

Lanhergy,  143, 159, 166, 210, 

211 
Langman,  81 
Langworthy,  138 
Lanne,  88 

LansdowD,  Lord,  116 
Larken,  205 
Laseh,  142 
Lathian,  120 
Lannargh,  160 
Lannedwen,  de,  27,  171 
Laroche,  53  «,  139, 144, 145, 

145  n,  169 
Lannceston,  Priory  of,  29, 83 
Layers,  198 

Lawrence,  32,  48  »,  188,  189 
Le  Ferre,  145 
Leheaup,  144 
Leigh,  144,  217 
Lennox,  Duke  of,  130 
Lenthall,  123  « 
Lewis,  200 
Lev,  123  7^,  214 
Liddell,  45,  64,  64n,  139 
Lippencott,  183 
Littleton,  IIG,  137 
Lobb,  161 
Locker,  224  n 
Lockwood,  155 
Lok,  35 
Loky,  140, 141 
Lokyere,  141 
London,  de,  88,  S8n,  141 
Long,  27,  45 
Lor,  142 
Lorvmere,  141 
Lovell,  143 
Lovers,  143 
Lower,  144,  156,  307 
Lowvs,  140,  210 
Lncombe,  51,  52,  81  n,  135, 

135  n,  143,  153,  161,  175, 

176,  176  »,  178,  181,  182, 

183 
Luer,  38 
Lugger,  116,  137 
Lukes,  141 
Lnkv,  158,  176 
Luttrell,  217 
Lux, 141 
Lyons.  48 
Lynam,  196 
Lytelton,  37 

Mab,  141 
Maben,  de  St  141 


Mace,  137 

Maclean,  203 

Maenhvr,  155 

Malet,'l42,  143,144 

Malkvn,  141 

Mana'ton,     115,     122,     131, 

131 «,  137 
Manne,  89,  142 
Mannering,  154 
March,  100 
Marctt,  84  n 
Margaret,  de  St.  135,   140  ; 

Fam.  172-174,  177 
Margyt,  135,  136,  178,  190 
Marisco,  88 
Marks,  148 
Marlborough,  124 
Marshall,   10  n,   38,   45,  74, 

138,  152,  174 
Martvn,   28,   34.   47  n,    135, 

140,    141,    142,    149,    159, 

166,  172;  Fam.  186;  Ped. 

1S7;195,196. 199,  214,244 
Mary,  Queen,  79,  80 
Maryctt,  217 
Masterman.  145,  145  n 
Mathew,  80,  135,  143,   172, 

174,230,235 
Maynard,  61,  61  «,  192 
May,   75,    116,    137,    137 «, 

138,  152,  227,  227  «,  232 
Mayor's  Accounts,  57 
Meager,  194 
Medanus,  22 
Mears,  234 
Mellow,  45 
Mely,  158 
Menheuick,  162 
Menhinnett,  152 
Mercer,  le,  172 
Merrifield,  45,  47,  213 
Metty,  142 
Meyton,  26 
Michell,  38 «,  45,  61,  61  n, 

71,75,  80,  82.  98  n,  99  k, 

103  »,  112,  136,  142,  143, 

144,  145,  156;   Fam.  and 

Ped,  192  ;  199,  228 
Mildmave.  143 
Mingayi  82,  101 
Mohun,  85,  90,  116,  1.50,  180 
Molesworth.  4,  45,  116,  156 
Molines,  217 

Monmouth,  Duke  of,  123  n 
Montacute,  Prior,  190 
Montfort.  100 
Moore,  72,  73 
Morant,  108 
Morcorabe,  112,  136 
Mordaunt,  150 
More,  46,  54 
Moreman,  120 
Moreton,  Earl  of,  24,  160 
Morgan,  75,  102 
Morish,  202 
Morshead,  145 
Mortimer,  216 
Mortyn,  158 
Mount,  142 


Monnsteven,  50,  50  n,  78, 
116,  126,  148,  161,  199; 
Ped.  200 

Mount  Edgcumbe,  Lord,  13 

ilowat,  204 

Mowbrav,  217 

Movie,  62,  62 «,  74,  75,  85, 

135,  135 «,  142.  143,  160, 
161  ;  Fam.  178,  178  n  ; 
Ped.  219 

Mudge,  45, 139 
Mul,  141 
Mulling,  31 

Mundav,  36  n,  37  «,  49,  169, 
198;  "Fam.  209 

Nakes,  32 

Nanfan,  lSl,181n,183 

Nanspian,  217 

Kantian,  209;  Ped.  311 

Navlor.  50,  81,  82,  83, 166 

Neale,  102 

Neeton,  82,  101 

Nelder,  26 

Kelson,  223 

Kesbitt,  132,  145 

Keville,  214,  216,  218 

Kewall,  112 

Newcombe,  236 

Kewton,  27.  37 

Kicholas,  162 

Kichols.  144 

Kicoll,  142,  143,  147 

Kicolls,  135 

Kiel,  141 

Kigell,  160 

Korman,  5 

Korris,  143 

Korthey,  10  n,  112,  136 

Korthwode,  47,  47  » 

Kott,  124, 143 

KykeU,  157 

Oakley,  71,  71  n 

O'Bryan,  10 

Oberman,  46 

Odom,  141 

Ogilvv,  69 

Oldham,  100 

Oliver,  31,  32,   35,  38,  136, 

157,  177,  225,  226 
Opps,  140 
Opve,  7n,  46,  50?!,  80,  112, 

136,  137,  151,  154,  161, 
189,  236,  242 

Orchard,  137 
O'Reilly,  230 
Osbem.  141 
Ostvler,  32» 
Ongh,  118 

Paderda,  166,  209,  211 
Pafford,  140 

Painter,  55,  142,  143,  182 
Parker,  145,  153 
Parkyn,  139,  160 
Parrett.  see  Marrctt 
Parsons,  116,  137,  156 
Pascoe,  9,  112,  139 


INDEX  TO  PERSONS,  ETC. 


249 


Pasmore,  152 
Pate,  143 
Paticda,  31,  166 
Panic,  157 

Pawlev,  100,  \U,  206 
Pay,  l"43 
Payntcr,  135 
Pamtoii,  H3 
Peach, 2 
Pearse,  74,  139 
Peceham,  8S 
Pedigrees.  Achym,  191 

Peauchamp,  216 

Beaufort.  210 

Bcket,  21 1 

Bere.  211 

Bevill,  211 

de  Bodmin,  170 

Bullock,  299 

CarlnuTU,  176 

Carew,  217-219 

Carminow,  217 

Ci-ossman,  298 

Demonfiyart,  204 

Edwean,  185 

Fitzlve,  217 

Flauiank,  183,  184,  185 

Hav,  de  la,  311 

Hcilegan,  217 

Hennah,  220,  221 

Holman,  219,  220 

Mounsteven,  200 

Moyle,  219,  220,  221 

Nautian,  2U 

Neville,  21U-218 

Padorda,  211 

PeuuiiiKton,  202 

Petit,  217 

Phillipps,  185 

Plautagenet,  216 

St.  Leger,  218 

Scarlet,  179 

Stafford,  216 

Stone,  213 

Taillour,  le,  211 

Thomas,  206 

Trcsahar,  217,  219 

Trethurfe,  217 

Vivian,  217,  219,  .308 

Yorke,  217,  219 
Pcirse,  196 
Pole,  57 

Penl)reg,  172,  176 
Penlnigel,  179 
Pencot,  141 

Penchuves,  205, 206,  228,  229 
Pcnfoun,  143,  210 
Pengadur,  de,  141 
PengcUr,  211 
I'enhal,  26,  141 
Peuhargarcl,  de,  27,  172 
I'enharlh,  172 
Pcnhelleck,  1H9 
I'enkcvel,  189 

Pennington,  41,  42,  50,56, 
56  «,  59,  69,  102,  116,117, 
137,  138,  147,  147  ?t,  148. 
152;  Pam.  201,  202;  Ped. 
202,  236 
Penny,  28,  69,  168,  242 


Pcnquyt,  141 
Penrose,  135,  2.'i0  n 
Pentec,  109,  135 
Peuticost,  205,  206 
Penymela,  16(> 
Percy,  216 
Peres,  161 
Permearing,  149 
Perry,  45 
Penyman,114,115,137, 139, 

156,  193,  193  « 
Pers,  143 
Persona,  165 
Pescodd,  41 

Peter,  145.  153,  221,  236 
Peticme,  141 
Petit,  217 
Petrock.    St.,     21,    22,    25, 

58  «. 
Peury,  141 

Peverell,  88,  89,  90,  94, 172 
Phillipps,  45,  46,  75,  76, 118, 

136,  137,  137  H,  138,  163, 

165,  181,  183;    Ped.  185; 
227,  232 

Phylype,  100,  136 

Picho.  141 

Pickering,  102 

Piggot,  144 

Pike,  189 

Pitt,  150 

Plantagenet,  216,  217,  226» 

Plegha,  140 

Plonier    168 

Plvmpton,  55 

Pohedon,  143 

Pole,  28,  120,  140,  141,  143, 

166,  177 
Polglas,  143 
Polgran,  140 
PoUexfen,  115 
Polmorna,  135,  141 
PoU-ede,  142 
Polrcdden,  182 
Polstuk,  32 
Polsulsek,  182 
Pohvhele,  227,  232 
Pomcroy,  49, 49  »,  56,  64,  82, 

118,  i20,  138,  173;   Fain. 

236 
Poore,  152 
Pope,  85,  189 
Pophani,  45,  118,  222 
Porcher,  145 
Porter,  8,  143,  155,  172 
Potage,  180 
Potts,  45 

Powell,  49,  49  7i,  135,  148 
Power,  182,  197 
Pownd,  136 
Poyson,  203 
Prescott,  74 
Prcad,  223 
Prideaux,  35  «,  37,  37  «,  38, 

43,  44,  44  n,  48,  49,  117, 

117  n,  141,  144,  196,209 
Prilkes,  140 
Prist,  «;■  Pru.st,  133,136,  140, 

141,  151 
Provost,  115 


Prowte,  112 
Prynne,  231,231m,  235 
Pychermaker,  28 
Pyper,  112 
Pyyn,  142 

Quisne,  de  la,  27 

Radclifte,  44,  64,  213 
Radnor,  Lord,  7,  53  n,  116. 

123,  124,  125 
Rashleigh,  41,  118,  139,  148 
Pauley,  142 
Eaun.  135 
Rawe,  148 
Rawlings,  231,  235 
Rawl)-n,  120,  143 
Reed,  154 
Refrawel,  141 
Renawden,  189 
Reunie,  4 
Renorden,  118 
Rescorla,  118 
Resprin,  217 
Restalek,  141 
Restournek,  211 
Restyr,  27 
Eeyneward,  141 
Reynolds,  103,  184 
Richards,  98  n,  99  n 
Eichowe,  81  »,  141 
Rickard,  56,  202 
Roliartes,7,  9,122, 125,127«, 

144,  144  ■»,  146,  146  n 
Roberts,  203 
Robychonn,  141 
Robyn, 141 
Robyns,  58,  83,  95,  97,  135, 

135  »,  136,233 
Roche,  141,  143,  162 
Rodd,  23 
Rodeney,  90 
Roe,  188,  189 
Rogers,  76,  154,  186  «,  187, 

187  ■«. 
Rogger,  142,  175 
Rojipeloy,  140 
Ros,  le,  140 
Roscarn,  90 
Roscarrock,  31,  84,  8.5,  172, 

177,  192 
Roseraelian,  90 
Rosemonde,  37  «,  38 
Roseveare,  18  m 
Rosewarne,  206 
Roskeare,  196 
Rosmcll,  205,  206 
Ross,  203 
Rou,  141,  142 
Rous,  71,  72,  184 
Roussell,  25,  140,  177 
Rounseval,  152 
Howe,  182 
Rudhall,  56 
Rundlc,  41 
Rupe,  165,  172 
Russell,  120,  177 
Rusth,  81 
Ryder,  49  n 
Sugemore,  136 


St.  Aubyn,  13,  217,  228 

St.  Leger,  218 

Sampson,  156 

Samwell,  76 

Sandilands,  77 

Sands,  125 

Sandy,  162 

Sandys,  214 

Sanny, 160 

Saucey,  180 

Saumarez,  200 

Saunders,  44,  48,  48  n,  204 

Savage,'l95 

Savery,  184 

Sawle,  145,215 

Scarlet,   27,   140,   141,   142, 

102;  Fam.  179 
Schobell,  10 
Scholler,  116,  137,  154 
Scior,  141 
Scobell,  219,  235 
Score,  28,  28  n,  165, 173, 175 
Scot,  141,223 
Scroop,  217 
Searle,  76 
Selman,  143 

Seneschal,  173,  187,  217 
Seuhouse,  169 
Sergent,  145 
Sergeaux,  89,  90 
Serjeant,45,77,139,165,  242 
Seymour,  145 
Seys,  176 
Shirley,  217 
Shessell,  95 
Shortt,  185,  189,  243 
Shubrick,  203 
Shuldlnim,  65 
Shyer,  112 
Sibley.  97 
Sicca  Villa,  88  » 
Silly,  144,  222,  243 
Simon,  143 
Simpson,  203 
Sken,  142 
Skewys,  32  n 
Skinner,  189 
Slackstead,  40 
Sleech,  103,  243 
Slennm,  100  ^ 

Sloggett,  152,222  ( 

Slyngesby,  142 
Slyston,  158 
Smirke,  32  «,  225  h 
Smythc,   38,    80,   108,    116, 

136,  141,   144,  195,  195m, 

196,  200 
Solace,  142 
Som,  142 
Srimnonr,  141 
Sonnertou,  159 
Sot,  141 
Speat,  220 
Spernon,  31 
Spiller.   69,    118,   138,    139, 

152,  202 
Sprev.   60,  60«.80,  S5,  129, 

133,    136,    139,    144,  153  ; 

Fam.  293—294;  Ped.  294; 

244 


3s 


250 


INDEX  TO  PERSONS,  ETC. 


Sprv,  145,  145  ra,  156,  223, 
232 

Sqnu-e,  103  »,  142 

Stab, 141 

Stacey,  56 

Stafford,  94,  144,  216 

Stamford,  Earl  of,  121 

Stappe,  112,  114,  115,  137, 
137 «,  156 

Starkey,  155 

Stephen,  31,  47,  135 

Stephens,  97,  137,  139,  244 

Stergyn,  120 

SternhoUl,  40,  41,  42 

Stevens,  45 

Stoke  Gabriel  de,  46 

Stokes,  223  n 

Stone,  59,  64,  76,  80,85, 114, 
115,  116,118,129,133,136, 
137,138,143,144,148.152, 
185,  195;  Fam.  212;  Ped. 
213 

Storm,  203 

Stowell,84 

Stratton,  77 

Strode,  140 

StukeleT,  218 

Sul,  141 

Swaillv,  142 

Swan,"l43 

Swift,  197 

Symond,  142 

Symons,  34,  137,  166 

Synge,  203 

Syreston,  142 


Taillonr,  28,  136,  140,  141, 
166,  167;  Fam.  209 

Talglighv,  176 

Tallak,  142 

Taml}^l,  200,  236 

Tankard,  136, 189 

Taprell,  81,  101, 102 

Tavener,  140,  140  « 

Tawarn,  140 

Temple,  221 

Temple  de'l,  140 

Teudm-us,  22 

Textop,  141 

Thistlethwaite,  233 

Thomas,  45,  92,  148,  154; 
Fam.  205,  206;  Fed.  206, 
215,  232 

Thomson,  78,  215 

Thome,  142 

Tinten,  217 

Tippet,  228,  228  «,  234 

Tod,  220 

Toker,  80 

Tom,  152 

Tonkin,  49  n 

Topping,  145 

Torfrev,  143 

Tonr,  199 

Townsend,  145, 150 

Tozer,  41,  239 


Tracv,  172,  180 

Trcbel.  141 

Treljilcock,  59 

Treby,  115,  117  74 

Tredcnek,  136 

Tredenham,  219 

Tredowe,  136 

Tredwen,  138 

Tredm-fe,  208 

Treffry,  143,  196,  225  n,  236 

Trefiisis,  34,  146,  149,   150, 

186,  187 
Tregan-ek,  32, 142 
Tregawithan,  de,  28 
Tregellest,  173 
Tregian,  147,  161 
Tregidvon,  214 
Tregit,"l41 
Treglbwnow,  183 
TreglTgh,  120,  136,  243 
Treglystyn,  182 
Tregouau,  142,  143,  179 
Tregony,  de,  141 
Tregoodoch,  149 
Tregos,  142 
Tregothell,  182 
Tregoys,  143 
Tregranaran,  27 
Tregrenan,  de,  25 
Tregusson,  27 
Trehengy,  46 
Treise,  145,  205,  206,  215 
Treklad,  90 
Trelawney,   37 »,    112,   113, 

116,  125,  142,  190,  191 
Trelothick,  89 
Trema}'ne,  36  «,  72,  141, 184 
Trcmeer,  152 
Tremure,  83 
Trenance,  193 
Trencreeke,  208 
TrenewTth,142,178,182,217 
Trengoif,  208 
Trerers,  167 
Trerise,  183 
Tresahar,  217 
Tresaster,  307 
Trescau,  47,  47  « 
Treshythanv,  140 
Tresythny,  143 
Trethewy,  141 
Trevail,  26 
Trevanyon,  83,  94,  144,  198, 

217 
Trev:irthian,  29 
Trevellian,  214 
Treverbyn,  89,  90 
Treverton,  92 
Treyilla,  191 
Trevor,  144 
Trevysa,  141 
Trewalla,  99  »t 
Treweeke,  113,  138,  227 
Trewesepcr,  176 
Trewooff,  142 
Treworgy,  141 
Trewynard,  14,  182,  183 


Trewynt,  89,  140,  141,  173, 

174 
Tre\wthosa,  160 
Trcviige,  142 
IViggs,  239 

Trote,  81,  120,  136,  142,  143 
Truscott,  118,  152 
Tubbe,   24 «,   37,   37  m,   80, 

136 
Tuck,  141 
Tucker,  148 
Turner,  155 
Turney,  61,  G\  n,  133,   136, 

137 
Tm-nley,  112 
Tvdderley,  41 
TJTcU,   47,   47  ft,   166,    172, 

173, 178 

Ude,  142 
Udy,  210 
Uppecote,  141 
Upton,  173 
Urban,  142 

Vaggc,  165 

Vailetort,  26 

Valty,  32 

Vaughan,  119,  161,  176,  206 

Veale,  112 

Veitch,  219,  221 

Velaw,  47 

Vemi,  55 

Vilers,  179 

Vincent,  102 

Viner,  141 

Vosper,  152 

Vyce,  112 

Vyvian,  or  Vivian,  31,  32, 
33,  34,  37  ft,  47,  47  )J,  50, 
58,  58  ft,  59.  70,  80,  91, 
136,  145,  169,  190;  Fam. 
207,  208;  Fed.  208;  217, 
219,  243 

Waddon,  214 

Waldon,  76 

Walcys,  27 

Walker,  60,  80,  113  «,  136, 
139,144,154,193,194,215 

Wallis,  2,  3,  14,  34,  35,  43, 
44,  45,  49,  51  n,  53, 55,  56, 
5Sn,  60,66,  68,  70,  70/*, 
78,  80,  80  ft,  88,  92,  94  ft, 
103,  118,  128,  131  ft,  135, 
135  ft,  138,  139, 139  ft,  150, 
171,  178;  Fam.  222 

Walshe,  119 

Walter,  83,  135 

Waudesworth,  38,  40,  145, 
169,  209 

Warbcck,  Perkin,  119 

Ward,  136,  137,  139 

Warde,  67,  67 »,  68  ft,  80, 
190,  191 

Ware,  143 

Wiu-ue,  115 


Warren,  137 

Wastel,  141 

Water,  55  ».  241 

Watkin,  53,  69,  74 

Watts,  57,  81,  108,  135  « 

Wattye,  32 

Webber,  7«,  55,   133,  136, 

137,  162,  195,  196,  198 
WeUlon,  43 
Wellington,  230  re 
Wells,  41 
Werring,  142 
Wesley,  228 

West,  45,  76,  78,  142,  144 
Westcote,  142 
Weston,  144 
Wettor,  81  ft 

Whalesborongh,160,161,217 
Whitfield,  138,  138  n 
Whitford,  152 
Whitmore,  146,  146  » 
Whyte,  100,  120,  191 
Whvtstone,  157 
A¥idiawallas,  173 
Widville,  216 
Wightwick,  5 
Wilbraham,  145,  145  ft 
Wilcock,  38,  137 
Wilkins,  198,  203 
Wilkinson,  52  n 
Williams.  45,  101,  102,  116, 

133,    137,   138,   143,   152, 

177,  189,  202,  228.  234 
Will-s,  118,  131,  131  ft,  138, 

138  ?i,  148,  149,  212,213 
Wilton,  50,  85,  136,  156 
Wingfield,  145 
Wiunell,  48 

Winter,  186, 186  n,  187,187ot 
Withiel,  90,  143,  183 
Witt,  142 
Wivell,  152 
WodvUv,  142 
Wood,  "48,   48  ft,  49  n,   76, 

102,  237-240 
Woodford,  200 
Woodley,  183 
Woodward,  130 
AVoolcock,  161 
Worthevale,  161 
Wright,  8  ft,  45,  139 
Wrastok,  140,  140  Ji 
Wulfhelm,  Bp.  21 
Wyatt,  189 
Wyld,  145,  244 
Wvll,  141 
Wylliam,32,  32  m 
Wyn,  142 
Wyndham,  217 
Wynne,  144 
Wyse,  142,  143 
Wyntcr,  34 
AVymond,  65  ft,  69,  137 

Yem,  142 
Yorke,  217,  219 


251 


INDEX  TO  PLACES,  &c. 


AdTent,  Par.  169 
Ajrnes,  St.  Pixr.  103  n 
Alan,  River,  1,3,  13,  14,1.5, 

25,  2e,  L'S,  3G  rt.  58. 168-169 
Allen,  St.  Par.  234 
Anthony,  St.  (in  Eoseland) 

103  ;t 
Argansawth,  Man.  223 

Austcil,  St.  3, 64,  74, 96, 185, 
192 

Barlandew,  Man.  21.") 
Belawren,  210,  211,211  n 
Benboll,  85  >i 
Berry,  35,  99,  100,243 
Berrycoml^e,  8,  34 
BenydowTi,  191 
Berrrfield,  2,  185 
Ben-y  Tower,  17,  100  n 
Beswythghi,  173 
Blackmore,  Stannary  of,  29, 

32 
Blisland,  Man.  188 

Par.  17,  211,  58,  84,  122, 
156,    172,   178,    188,   205, 
206,  223,  232 
Boconion,  153,  1.53  n,  188 
Boeonnoc,  Par.  103  «,  157 
Bodan-Wood,  25 
Bodelliek,  182 
Bodniin,  Assizes,  6 

Beacon,  2,  3,9,  11,  13, 

16 
Borough,  104 
Chantries,  81-84,  101 
Chapels,  98, 99, 100, 101, 

102 
Charities,  84-85 
Church,  50-78,   91,   98, 
177;  Inventory,  241; 
Bells,  55 ;  Monuments, 
58-78,  242;  Registers, 
78-80 
Casket,  Ivory,  25,  131- 

132 
Crosses,  17-19,  239 
Curfew,  120,127,  127  « 
Customs,    126-129,  243; 
Grace     Night,     128; 
Paul's    Pitcher,    128, 
243; Riding,  127;  Was- 
sail (-'iqi,  129 
Grammar  School,   101- 
102,  222;  Masters  of, 
101,  102 
Grey  Friary,  4,  7  n,  9, 

86-93,  94' 
Guilds,  81,  98-101 
Manor,  26  ;i,  39,41,  145 


Bodmin  and  Boscame,  Man. 
146,  1.50-152;    Rent  Roll, 
151,  152 
Bodmin,  Francis,  146,   153- 
154 
Kirland,  41,146-149 
Martj-n,  149-150 
Municijial        Insignia, 

233,  234 
Plague  in,  2,  28 
Prebend,  35 
Priory,  20,  42,  81,  108, 
148,    159,    160,    161, 
236 
Probate  Court,  102, 103, 

230, 243 
Public  Buildings,  As- 
size Court,  9;  Asylum, 
4-6 ;  Gilbert  Monu- 
ment, 11,  12,  242  ; 
Gaol,  8,  19;  Market, 
11;  Meeting-Houses, 
9-11,  244  ;  National 
Schools,  9;  Town  Hall, 
9 
Races,  13 

Rectory,  42-46,  146 
Roads,  3,  3  n,  4 
Tokens,  130,  131 
Vicarage,35, 42-46, 146, 
242 
Bodmel  Scarlet,  165 
Bodwannick,  Man.  165 
Bodwen,  157 

Bodyiiiel,  Man.  36, 36  «,37  «, 
39,  83,  154-160,  166,  176, 
210 
Boscame,  15,  71,  152,  160, 
162,163-164,176.181,182, 
225 
Bosoghan,  182 
Bossiny,  Man.  23,  109 
Botreaux  Castle,  158 
Botumal,  212 
Bradford,  in  Blisland,  172 
Branncl,  154 
Brayc,  39 

Brcage,  Par.  154,228 
Breock,  St.  Par.  1,  4,  ,50 «, 

82,  103  «,  167 
Bretditch,  161 
Breward,  St.  Par.  4,  103  n 
Broadoak,  103,  121 
Broads,  202 
Brockle,  188 
Budcauxhcad,  154  a 
Budock,  Par.  105  n 
Burian,  Deanery,  103,  103  « 
Bnrian,  St.  Par' 103,  103/4 
Bury  Down,  14 


Buskeer,  165 

Cabilia,  Man.  58,   161,  172, 

173,  173»,  174,  182 
Cadock,  St.  37 
Callenough,  149,  173 
Callingto'n,  20,  154,  205,  215 
Callyii\-ith,  18,  20,  37  «,  109, 

129,  239 
Calstock,  Man.  23 
Camborne,  224, 226,  229, 233 
Camelford,  3,   4,    158,   168, 

169.  222 
Canalezy,  Mau.  182,  188 
Carburra,  Man.  174 
Cardinham,  1,  161,  162,  218 
Cardinham  Bury,  14, 16,  37 
Cardiste,  161 
CargoU,  Mau.  23 
Carhayes,  198 
Carminow  Cross,  18,  129 
Carmiuow,  214 
CastleCanvke,2,3,13,]4,10. 

41 
Castle-an-Dinas,  14 
Castledor,  3,  14,  16 
Celliwig,  20 
Chudleigh,  31 
Clawton,  314 
Clecr,  St.  Par.  23 
Clifton  Heath,  120 
Codiford  Farlegh,  Man.  24 
Cokesland,  38  n. 
Colquite,  160,  188 
Columb,  St.  Par.   14,  23,  24, 

96,193,194,200,  208,209, 

230,  231 
Colyanick,  173 
Constantine,  Par.   203,  205, 

200,  227,  232 
Copshome,  85,  85«.,  156 
Cornelly,  Par.  229 
Cornwall,  Bishops  of,  21 
Cornwall  Railway,  4 
Cosworth,  208 
Cotton  Wood,  4 
Cross,  Man.  198 
Ci-owdy  Marsh,  168 
Crukmnre,  83 

Cur>',  Par.  205,214,  228,232 
Cut'hbert,  St.  Par.  32,  39 
Cuthbert,  St.  Rectory,  43, 46 

Davidstow,  Par.  23,  69,  168, 

173,  201,  202 
Delank  River,  168 
Denis  Eia  Porthia,  Man.  223 
Denzee,  Man.  96 
Dragon  Pit,  14 
Duloc,  Par.  244 


Dunmere,  4,  13,  15,  10.  34, 

35,  41,  85,  150,  163 
Dunnaton,  223,  224 
D^TOibyth,  160 
Dynham,  182 

Eggesford,  201 
Egloshaik,Par.  1,  30,31,  ,33, 

39,   103 »,    153,    193,  210, 

211,  211  w,  212,  236 
Elinglase,  Man.  36  n,  39 
Elington,  Man.  20  « 
Ehven,  Man.  100 
Elwj-nse,  163 
Endellion,  Par.  35,  47  »,  69, 

183,  188,  195,  196 
Enedock,  St.  23 
Enoder,  St.  Par.  23 
Enoder,  St.  Man.  23 
Enysworgy,  32 
Erme,  St.  Par.  227,  228,  229, 

232 
Erney,  St.  Par.  103  ii 
Erth,  St.  Par.  24,  228,  232 
Ethey,  167 
Eval,  St.  Piu-.  103  n 
Ewan,  St.  Par.  103  n 
Ewe,  St.  Par.  84 
Exeter,  60,  188 
Eyle,  The,  27,  30  Ji 

Fairwash,  8,  101 
Falmouth,  8,  103  n,  123 
Fentongollen,  155,  183 
Fentonwoon,  222 
Fletcher's  Bridge,  11 
Forsnewth,  Man.   23,    24  «, 

26  «,  37 
Fowey,  41,  55, 122,  195.  196, 

197 
Fowey,  River,  8 

Gargaul,  Man.  26 
Gartliwood,  37  « 
Germans,  St.  21,23.  103  « 
Gcrmoe,  228 
Gerrans,  I'ar.  103  n 
Gleyin,  Man.  96  n 
Gluvias,  103  ti 
Glynn,  70,  125,  229 
Glyyyan-Flaniauk,  182 
Gonronson,  181,  183,  244 
(ionvena,  83 
Goran,  Par.  21,  24,  84 
Goyiley,  Man.  217 
Grampound,  3 
Greenwich,Kast,Man.46,147 
Grencbnrgh,  173 
Guinea  Port,  4 
Gullaud  Rock,  37  « 


252 


INDEX  TO  PLACES,  ETC. 


Girawalloe,  228 
Gwallior,  Par.  232 
Gwennep,  Par.  225 
Gwinear,  Par.  223 
Gwithian,  Par.  227,  232 

HalgaTor,  14, 27, 125;  sports 

127,  128,  193 
Hall,  in  Pelrut,  190 
HamatetliT,  Man.  215 
Haminer.smith,  42  «,  195, 197 
Hay,  Tithe  of,  46 
Hayle,  see  Eyle,  168 
Helland,  Par.   1,  13,  14,  IG, 

20,  118,  147,149,167,170, 

178,183,188,203,225,236 
Holland,  Man.  173 
Hellestou,  in  Trigg,  180 
Helston,  8,  107,  205,  222 
Hillary,  St.  Par.  182 
Hendra,  182 
Hensens,  25 
Holedich,  180 
Hollacombe,  Man.  24  »,  39, 

155 
Homacott,  Man.  229j 

lUogan,  Par.  226,  282 
Issey,  St.  Par.  147, 149, 188, 

193, 194 
Ives,  St.  205 

Juliott,  St.,  Par.  23 
Just,  St.,  Par.  205 

Kells,  Man.,  28 

Kelly-rounds,  14,  15, 16 

Kelsey,  Man.  39 

Ken^^■yn,  209 

Kemick,  172 

Keverne,  St.,  Par.  42,  214 

Kew,  St.,  Par.  23,  71  »,  85 «, 

147,   149,   188,   193,   195, 

196,  197,  207 
Kew,  St.  Rectory,  193 
Kilkhampton,  33 
Killiganoon,  195,  197 
Kingswood  Hill,  37, 109, 175 
Kirland,  59,  65  ?t,  116,  147, 

148, 167-168,202,210,213, 

215 
Koesmadoc,  26 

Ladock,  Par.  154,  229,  232 
Lamelwen,  Man.  160 
Laucarfe,  JIan.  24,  39,  129, 

146,    147,    156,    260-262, 

177,  198,  199.  200 
Landrake,  Par.  103»,182, 183 
Landulph,  Par.  201 
Landwynnek,  173 
Lanhydrock,  Pai-.  1,  18,  19, 

27,  37,  39,  118,  166,  192, 

199,213;  Man.  23, 26  ?J,  39, 

53  «,  125 
Lanivct,   Par.  24,  63  »,  96, 

97,  118,153,165,181,  182, 

183,  185,  188,  193 
Lanke,  183,  230,  234,  235 
Laulesick,  37  n 


Lanliyery,  Par.  14 
Lannedwen,  27 
Lanreath,  Par.  210 
Lantiau,  Man.  173 
Lanteglos-by-Powey,  85 
Launcells,  155 
Lauuceston,3,6,7,8, 9, 26,27, 

101  II,  107, 108  n,  120, 121, 

122,  170,173.179,188,225 
Laurence,  St.  Hospital,  93 — 

97.  243 
Laurence,  St.  1,  94,  97,  100, 

152 
Lavedon,  84 
Lavethan,  205,.  206 
Lawhitton,  Pai-.  103  n 
Leigh,  177 

Lelant,  Par.  205,  206 
Lesnewth,  Par-.  64,  69,  202, 

236 
Levan,  St.  Par.  103,  103  « 
Leonard,  St.  Chapel,  34 
Lezant,  par.  23,  103  ii,  122, 

201 
Liskeard,   107,    108 »,    113, 

161 
Little  Petherick,  103  « 
Lostwithiel.  3,  4,  6,  27,  28, 

29,  32,  55,  61, 102  «,  103  «, 

107,  108  »t,  109,  122,  147, 

166,177 
Looe,  178 
Ludgvan,  225 
Luxulyan,  Par.  10 

Mabe,  St.  Par.  103  n 
Mabyn,  St.  Par.  31, 176, 183, 

200,  202,  236 
Madron,  Par.  222 
Maker,  Par.  74 
Manaccan,  Par.  228 
Margaret,  St.  27,  37,  38,  172 
Mai-tin's,  St.  in  Meneage,Par. 

205,  214 
Medcrin,  in  Blisland,  172 
Menheuiot,  Par.  120 
Merrin,  St.  Par.  58,  103  n 
Merther,  Par.  214 
Mevenns,  St.  Abbey  of,  25 
Michael   Penkevil,  St.   Par. 

155,221  ;  Rectory,  43,  46 
Michaelstow,  175  « 
Michaelstow  Beacon,  14 
Minver,  St.  Par.  23,  25,  27, 

173,  182,  189,  204,  212 
Monuments,  Early  Christian, 

17—19,  239,  242 
Morton  Hampstead,  54 
Mom-enstow,  168,  198,  214 
Mount  Follv,  91,  242 
Much  Lan-ick,Man.  190, 191 
Mulliou,  Par.  214 
Myler,  Par.  103  » 

Nans,  229 

Nansynt,  182 

Neot,  St.  Par.  60  «,  190,  191, 

210,  223,  243 
Newlyu,  St.  Advow.  26 
Newnam.  Man.  39,  155 


Newton   St.    Petroek,  Man 

23,  24  Ii,  39,  155 
Newton  Ferrars,  229 
Nicholas,  St.  2 
Northill,  Par.  24 
Norton,  147,  161 
Nottingham,  121 

Oxford,  31 

Padstow,  22,  26,  29, 37,  37  n, 

39,  56  «,  58,  82,  83,  103  n, 

168,   176,   182,   231,   235; 

Rectory,  43,  46 
Palliugswick,  Man.  195 
Paruacott,  Man.  188,  189 
Park  in  Egloshaile,  46,  210 
Pawton,  Man.  188 
Pederwen,  82,  83 
Pelynt,  Par.  190, 191 
Pcnbugel,  47  n,  83,  153, 165- 

167 
Pencarrek,  172 
PenciuTow,  13, 14,  15;  Man. 

177 
Pendayy.  Man.  26  n,  28, 28  7i, 

31,  32,  36«,37m,  39,  56», 

212 
Pendeunis   Castle,  66,   121, 

203 
Penelev,  158 
Pengel'ly,  210 
Penhal,'l62,  181 
Penhallyn,  Man.  229 
Penhargard,   7,  13,    14,   16, 

126,  166,  188 
Peukcrne,  182 
Pencjuite,  5 
Penrose,  76 
Pensti"adow,  172 
Peuviane,  Man.  212 
Penzance,  8,  77,  103,  223 
Peranzabuloe,  Par.  103 
Pctrocks,  St.  2 
Phillack,  Par.  227,  232 
Pider,  Hund.  26,  28, 39 
Pinchla  Park,  125 
Plympton,  54 
Polgurtes,  32 
Polhormon,  214 
Polrode,  man.  23 
Polscoth,  153 
PolwjTi,  224,  235 
Pontaboy,  Man.  93 
Porthvllv,  182 
Poulsfon  Bridge,  122,  17» 
Pouudstock,  Par.  229 
Primeval  Antiiiuities,  13-16 
Probus,  Par.  154 
Pryscote,  157 

Quethiock,  Par.  91,  207 

Rannlcdek,  Man.  28 
Kcilderch,  26  « 
Redruth,  227,  229,  232 
Respletha,  Man.  223 
Resprjn,  192 
Retail  ick,  205 
Retergbe,  Man.  36  n,  39 
Rewne,  37  n 


Rialton,  Man.  23, 28,33,36  71, 

37,  37  «,  39,  198 
Roche,  Par.  76,  185 
Rosavylyn,  182 
Roseuiordo,  173 
Rosemullin,  76,  185 
Rosenithon,  Man.  214 
Rosewellin,  165 
Rosewyn,  182 
Roskear,  167 

Ruan  Lanihome,  Par.  218 
Rusuylyn,  28 
Ruthen,  4, 182 

Saltash,  3, 122 

Saucreed,  Par.  235 

Scarlet's  Well,  156,  168,  179 

Sedgemoor,  123  » 

Senuen,  Par.  103,  103  ?j 

Sithney  Par.  154,  222,  232 

Skisdon,  200 

Sonecote,  157 

Southill,  Par.  154 

South  Pethenvin,  Par.  103, 

188 
Stokeclymsland,  201 
Stokeleigh,  173,  178 
Stowe,  33 
Stratton,  3,  121,  20O 

Talcarne,  182 
Taunton,  181 
Teath,  St.  Par.  82,  83,  169, 

188,  195,  196 
Temple,  223,  229 
Thomas,  St.  Chapel,  34,  34  n, 

75 
Thynnewood,  137 
Tintagel,  Par.  23,  24,  39 
Tolkerue,  JIan.  153 
Tonacombe,  214,  215,244 
Totnes,  153,  181,  185 
Treburthell,  158 
Trebm-thck.  182 
Trecarrell,  Man.  23 
Tredenes,  173 
Trefclloc,  109 
Trefreake,  210 
Ti'egamcthan,  Man.  149 
Tregannick,  210 
Tregaradoc,  109 
Tregareu,  183 
Tregasewyth,  166 
Tregear,  14,  15, 16 
Tregenna,  223 
Treglast,  Man.  173 
Tregligh,  1.53 
Treglothnow,  182 
Treglyne,  182 
Treglynneck,  182 
Tregonan,  Man.  24 
Tregonow,  182 
Tregony,  182,  219,  244 
Tregothnan,  25 
Tregrehan,  230,  235 
Treguutulyau,  29 
Tregwellan,  153 
Trehudreth,  Man.  161,   172. 

174. 175 
Trehunsey,  91,  207 


INDEX  TO  PLACES,  ETC. 


253 


Trekilleik,  153 
Trekvowc,  83 
Trelav,  173 
TreliU,  Man.  23 
Trelogett,  188 
Trelowarren,  207,  208 
Treloy,  Man.  23 
Tremaile,  165 
Tremayne,  205 
Tremadilick,  223 
Trembeth,  182 
Tremeal,  Man.  23 
Tremore,  Man.  21 
Tremur,  182 
Trenake,  190,  191 
Trenarlet,  185 
Trcnay,  191 
Treneage,  154 
Treneithan,  180 
Trenewith.  Man.  21,  39 
Treugoffe,  2-t  n 
Trenhale,  Man.  21 


Trcniwick,  Man.  21 
Trenoath,  182,  208 
Treros,  Man.  160 
Tresaghar,  Man.  1 53 
Trescau,  47  » 
Trescott,  76,  213 
Tresonger,  182 
Tie.swithan,  226,  232 
Trethai-rappe,  37  « 
Trethew)',  Man.  149 
Trethnrfe,  217 
Trevarno,  222 
Trevasnidith,  162,  181 
Trevcar,  182 
Trevelver,  212,  243 
Ti-evemot,  109 
Trevenie,  Man.  173 
Treverowe,  182 
Trevinnick,  193 
Trevisa,  217 
Trevranek,  173 
Trevyan,  182 


Trewardale,  11,  102,  223, 
229,  229 »,  230,  231,232, 
235 

Trewassa,  173 

Ti-eweeu,  188 

Trewen,  Par.  103 »,  218 

Treweythek,  162,  182 

Trewigget  in  St.  Kew,  195 

Treworgan,  227,  228,  231 

Treworgy,  173 

Treworuan,  Man.  173 

Trewethek,  182 

Trewyhelek,  29 

Treyan,  159 

Trevthon,  159 

Trigg,  Hund.  169,  185 

Trivia,  19 

Traro,  3,  107,  123,  207, 
223 

Truthan,  226  «.,  229,  234 

T)T\ardreth,  225 

Tywarnhayle,  Man,  23 


Ugbrooke,  214 

Veep,  St.  Par.  71 
Vymme,  30 

Wadoliridge,  54,  122 

Wark'gLian,  Par.  74,  174 

Waterlaud,  157 

Ween,  182 

Weuford  Bridge,  4 

Wenn,  St.  Par.  24,  154,  203 

West,  Hund.  177 

Wiunow,  St.  Par.  10S;i,  153, 

192,  193 
Withiel,  Man.  24,  26,  36  «, 

37 II,  39,  169 
Withiel,  Par.  1,  24, 82,  33,  36 
Whitley,  83,  161,  210 
AVoodley,  229 
Worthevale,  158 

Zenzenzy,  182 


3    T 


;] 


THE  LIBRARY 
UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA 

Santa  Barbara 


THIS  BOOK  IS  DUE  ON  THE  LAST  DATE 
STAMPED  BELOW. 


Series  9482 


UC  SOUTHERN  REGIONAL  LIBRARY  FACILITY 

D    000  792  737    9